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A Room of One's Own

A Room of One's Own is an extended essay by Virginia Woolf, first published in September 1929. The work is based on two lectures Woolf delivered in October 1928 at Newnham College and Girton College, women's colleges at the University of Cambridge.

In her essay, Woolf uses metaphors to explore social injustices and comments on women's lack of free expression. Her metaphor of a fish explains her most essential point, "A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction". She writes of a woman whose thought had "let its line down into the stream". As the woman starts to think of an idea, a guard enforces a rule whereby women are not allowed to walk on the grass. Abiding by the rule, the woman loses her idea.

History
The essay was based on two papers Woolf read on 20 and 26 October 1928 to two Cambridge student societies, the Newnham Arts Society at Newnham College and the ODTAA Society ("One Damn Thing After Another") at Girton College, respectively. Elsie Duncan-Jones, then known as Elsie Phare, was the president of the Newnham Arts Society at the time and wrote an account of the paper, "Women and Fiction", for the college magazine, Thersites. Woolf stayed at Newnham at the invitation of Pernel Strachey, the college principal, whose family were key members of the Bloomsbury Group. At Girton she was accompanied by Vita Sackville-West. It was published in 1929 as a book with six chapters.

The Four Marys
The title of the essay comes from Woolf's conception that "a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction". The narrator of the work is referred to early on: "Here then was I (call me Mary Beton, Mary Seton, Mary Carmichael or by any name you please—it is not a matter of any importance)". The two Marys were ladies-in-waiting to Mary, Queen of Scots; they - along with Mary Carmichael - are also characters in a 16th-century Scottish ballad, Mary Hamilton, about a lady-in-waiting who is facing execution for having had a child with the King, a child she killed.

Women's access to education
The essay examines whether women were capable of producing, and in fact free to produce, work of the quality of William Shakespeare, addressing the limitations that past and present women writers face.

Woolf's father, Sir Leslie Stephen, in line with the thinking of the era, believed that only the boys of the family should be sent to school. In delivering the lectures outlined in the essay, Woolf is speaking to women who have the opportunity to learn in a formal setting. She moves her audience to understand the importance of their education, while warning them of the precariousness of their position in society. She sums up the stark contrast between how women are idealised in fiction written by men, and how patriarchal society has treated them in real life:

"Women have burnt like beacons in all the works of all the poets from the beginning of time. Indeed if woman had no existence save in the fiction written by men, one would imagine her a person of the utmost importance; very various; heroic and mean; splendid and sordid; beautiful and hideous in the extreme; as great as a man, some would say greater. But this is woman in fiction. In fact, as Professor Trevelyan points out, she was locked up, beaten and flung about the room. A very queer, composite being thus emerges. Imaginatively she is of the highest importance; practically she is completely insignificant. She pervades poetry from cover to cover; she is all but absent from history. She dominates the lives of kings and conquerors in fiction; in fact she was the slave of any boy whose parents forced a ring upon her finger. Some of the most inspired words and profound thoughts in literature fall from her lips; in real life she could hardly read; scarcely spell; and was the property of her husband."

Judith Shakespeare
In one section Woolf invents a fictional character, Judith, Shakespeare's sister, to illustrate that a woman with Shakespeare's gifts would have been denied the opportunity to develop them. Like Woolf, who stayed at home while her brothers went off to school, Judith is trapped in the home: "She was as adventurous, as imaginative, as agog to see the world as he was. But she was not sent to school."

While William learns, Judith is chastised by her parents should she happen to pick up a book, as she is inevitably abandoning some household chore to which she could be attending. Judith is betrothed, and when she does not want to marry, her father beats her, then shames her into the marriage. While William establishes himself, Judith is trapped by what is expected of women. She runs away from home to London, is harassed and laughed at when she tries to become an actor, and is finally made pregnant by an actor-manager who said he would help her. She kills herself and "lies buried at some cross-roads where the omnibuses now stop outside the Elephant and Castle". William lives on and establishes his legacy.

Building a history of women's writing
In the essay, Woolf constructs a critical and historical account of women writers thus far. Woolf examines the careers of several female authors, including Aphra Behn, Jane Austen, the Brontë sisters, Anne Finch, Countess of Winchilsea, and George Eliot. In addition to female authors, Woolf also discusses and draws inspiration from noted scholar and feminist Jane Ellen Harrison. Harrison is presented in the essay only by her initials separated by long dashes, and Woolf first introduces Harrison as "the famous scholar, could it be J H herself?"

Woolf also discusses Rebecca West, questioning Desmond MacCarthy's (referred to as "Z") uncompromising dismissal of West as an "'arrant feminist'". Among the men attacked for their views on women, F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead (referred to as "Lord Birkenhead") is mentioned, although Woolf further rebukes his ideas in stating she will not "trouble to copy out Lord Birkenhead's opinion upon the writing of women". Birkenhead was an opponent of suffrage. The essay quotes Oscar Browning, through the words of his (possibly inaccurate) biographer H. E. Wortham, "that the impression left on his mind, after looking over any set of examination papers, was that, irrespective of the marks he might give, the best woman was intellectually the inferior of the worst man".

Lesbianism
Woolf wrote in her diary before A Room of One's Own was published that she thought when it was published she would be "attacked for a feminist & hinted at for a sapphist".

In one section of the book, describing the work of a fictional woman writer, Mary Carmichael, Woolf deliberately invokes lesbianism: "Then may I tell you that the very next words I read were these – 'Chloe liked Olivia ...' Do not start. Do not blush. Let us admit in the privacy of our own society that these things sometimes happen. Sometimes women do like women." Woolf references the obscenity trial and public uproar resulting from the publishing of Radclyffe Hall's lesbian-themed novel The Well of Loneliness (1928). Before she can discuss Chloe liking Olivia, the narrator has to be assured that Sir Chartres Biron, the magistrate of Hall's obscenity trial, is not in the audience: "Are there no men present? Do you promise the figure of Sir Chartres Biron is not concealed? We are all women, you assure me? Then I may tell you ..."

Woolf scholar and feminist critic Jane Marcus believes Woolf was giving Radclyffe Hall and other writers a demonstration of how to discuss lesbianism discreetly enough to avoid obscenity trials; "Woolf was offering her besieged fellow writer a lesson in how to give a lesbian talk and write a lesbian work and get away with it."

Androgyny
Marilyn R. Farwell has shed light on the difficulty around understanding androgyny in Woolf's work. Nancy Topping Bazin defines Woolf's concept of androgyny as "the masculine and feminine should be balanced but not fused." In her definition, Bazin reveals an important debate in understanding androgyny: whether to see it as a balance or fusion of two parts.

Some critics describe Woolf's concept of androgyny as a balance between various poles: intuition and reason, subjectivity and objectivity, anima and animus, heterosexuality and homosexuality, and manic and depressive. Androgyny in a writer translates to accepting both intuition and rationality as a way to knowledge. The interpretation of androgyny as balance would imply validating many voices and perceptions.

On the other hand, seeing androgyny as a fusion would validate only a single mode of knowing. Farwell argues that since "the universal is most often identified with whatever is male, this definition can be and has been another means for demanding that a woman write like a man." Farwell interprets Woolf's ambivalence in defining androgyny from fear of being called a feminist.

Criticism
Alice Walker responded to Woolf's observation that only women with 'a room of their own' are in a position to write. Woolf herself was making the point that not all women in her society had such a safe space, but Walker continues the conversation by discussing the further exclusions suffered by women of colour. In In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens: Womanist Prose, Walker writes:

"Virginia Woolf, in her book A Room of One's Own, wrote that in order for a woman to write fiction she must have two things, certainly: a room of her own (with key and lock) and enough money to support herself.

What then are we to make of Phillis Wheatley, a slave, who owned not even herself? This sickly, frail, Black girl who required a servant of her own at times—her health was so precarious—and who, had she been white, would have been easily considered the intellectual superior of all the women and most of the men in the society of her day."

Adaptations and influence
A Room of One's Own was adapted as a play by Patrick Garland that premiered in 1989 with Eileen Atkins; a television adaptation of that play was broadcast on PBS Masterpiece Theatre in 1991.

Patricia Lamkin's play Balancing the Moon (2011) was inspired by the essay.

A number of cultural ventures have been named after A Room of One's Own. In 1975 the bookstore A Room of One's Own was founded by five women as a feminist bookstore. A literary journal launched in Vancouver, Canada in 1975 by the West Coast Feminist Literary Magazine Society, or the Growing Room Collective, was originally called Room of One's Own but changed to Room in 2007. Additionally, the Leather Archives and Museum, founded in 1991, has an exhibit called A Room of Her Own, about which curator Alex Warner has written, "As I began work for the first exhibit installation of the Women’s Leather History Project, I was excited that we were both literally and figuratively making room for Leatherwomen’s history in the LA&M. It was out of this line of thinking that "A Room of Her Own" emerged, building on Virginia Woolf's 1929 feminist text that argues for women's need for space to think and create".

title: A Room of One's Own


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Talk:Dame Margaret Rutherford

This is not only a duplicate article, there's also one sentence in it which is most certainly not true: that Agatha Christie had Rutherford (of all people) in mind when she wrote her Miss Marple mysteries.  00:50, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Dame Margaret Rutherford


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Talk:Fisher (animal)/Archive 1

Acton, MA
Someone needs to edit the fisher article. Fishers are definitely killing domestic cats in my neighborhood.

This is no longer speculation. My neighbor *saw* my cat, a large (16 lb), healthy tom, being chased by a fisher. My cat got away uninjured. We have another cat which had a fisher bite (so said our vet) but escaped and survived. And a third which simply disappeared a few weeks ago (tho cause unknown). Many neighbors have lost cats recently. Do we have to have a PhD in zoology to be a sufficient authority to change the article? Is there not fire where there is smoke?

Oh, I called the local animal control officer who said (a) they don't do anything about wild animals which aren't sick and (b) this is due precisely to the relatively recent anti-trapping law here in Massachusetts.

PDP-Anonymous —Preceding unsigned comment added by PDP-Anonymous (talk • contribs) 22:48, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

Georgetown MA
I saw a fisher running through the woods and into the road, disappearing very quickly into the brush. According to the size description of this article is was as big as they get. The presence of a Fisher would explain a mutilated cat that was found nearby. The Fisher I saw was running very fast and across snowy terrain with ease. 2/16/07

Marlborough Massachusetts
In Marlborough Massachusetts, I have seen a Fisher twice in my back yard. Once, late afternoon, in a tree -- the crows were going crazy-- no wonder I have been finding crow feathers around the house lately. When I saw it climbing down the tree I thought it was a black house cat, but it was almost twice as long. They look like otters or ferrets.

The second time I spotted it was around dusk. I was standing very still with the wind blowing away. It came within 12 feet of me, slinking through the yard cautiously, dispearing under some trees with a high canopy.

I live in an urban area with patches of tall trees, a near by forests, and plenty of critters, both domestic and wild.

???
dram strokers fisher???

some person told me that fishers feed on animal blood, is that true?

 * Well of course they do, but not like vampire bats or Count Dracula. They are known to be somewhat ferocious, and make a lot of noise, which could lead to someone believing they are like the tasmanian devil. They feed on smaller animals and make a racket and a mess when killing them. But they aren't some sort of bloodthirsty freaks. Your jackass friend is somewhat correct because blood is part of any carnivore's intake. But fishers aren't bloodthirsty or do it for pleasure.

They eat blood unwittingly like most carnivores by eating meat, but they don't eat it like, say, a vampire bat or a mosquito.61.230.72.211 02:59, 21 June 2006 (UTC)

ON my back porch
Could I have seen one on my back porch persuing the cat? It was too big to be a cat. It was dusk. Wish I had my night vison camera. It left when I came out.

found in florida
I live in Central Florida and in my community they have currently discovered a family of Fisher cats around one of our dumpsters. They had been killing some of the animals around here including a couple cats that use to belong to a nieghbor. I was wondering if these things are viscious enough to attack a human if it felt threatened or scared.

Nope. One scientist trapped sveral fishers, then he went about touching their noses, but not one bit him!61.230.72.211 02:59, 21 June 2006 (UTC)

Oh, and please refrain from calling them fisher "cats". They're no cats at all, they're way cooler. Just kidding, that's a POV. They're actually related to weasels.211.72.108.3 03:01, 21 June 2006 (UTC)

yo what up homie.word to your mother. what the heck was someone thinking by writing a word that children can't say.

No actually they have attacked humans. Here's a link. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGs0J2DBsx4 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.70.122.117 (talk) 01:35, 29 January 2010 (UTC)

And your point is...? 61.230.78.158 09:21, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

SPOTTED IN CONNECTICUT
Small group of us- dog walkers- spotted a Fisher today, September 13, 2006 perched in what appeared to be a former squirrel's nest in a pine tree in Manchester, CT.

The chickens are gone and one walked right by us September 7th 2006
A couple of years ago I was awoken by the most blood curling screams. Having 3 small children I jumped up out of a sound sleep and realized the sound was coming out of my bedroom window on a warm July night. When I looked out I saw what I thought was a fox killing my chicken. I scared it away and went out and buried the chicken. I never knew that it was a fisher cat that night till recently. We were sitting on the front porch quietly at midnight star gazing when what I thought was a medium size dog with a bushy tail walked out the side of my yard to the mailbox then started running right at us dissappeared completely behind a oak tree in our front yard. I had a spot light next to me and as it was running towards us I turned it on and then realized "That's no Dog". My friend grabbed my daughter and headed towards the inside while I shined the light into and around the tree. I was shocked at what i saw perched acrossed the limb kind of just lounging there. I know seeing one is rare but we definately did. I personally think the need to research alittle more because the fisher cat we saw here in Bradford Rhode Island weighed more than 30lbs and looked like he was the size of a Chocolate Lab cut off at the knees with a huge beautiful bushy tail. We know he is eating well cause all winter last yeaar he made tracks in the snow around our house. We have even found tracks all through the sand piles in our yard. I have one question if someone could answer please... Has one ever attacked a small child? I have two children under the age of 3 and even though we keep them close to us in the yard if hungry would they attack?

NO! And stop calling them fisher cats! They're not cats! But they might attack pets though. Dora Nichov 14:03, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

Yes. here's a link. It attacked a kid. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGs0J2DBsx4 Yes they are called Fisher Cats, theyve been called that for a long time. Just because a bearcat is called a bear cat does not mean it's a bear or a cat. You think you know it all. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.70.122.117 (talk) 01:39, 29 January 2010 (UTC)

I live in RI and fishers have become quite common there. We have spotted them multiple times just this past year around my house...strange for an animal that often keeps out of sight. Several cats have gone missing in the area, and ours was no exception. Never before this past year did we ever see this fisher and I really never even heard of it until recently, but it will definitely snatch up cats, chickens, and small dogs with ease.

That's true. Dora Nichov 08:07, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

does anybody edit these Wikipedia articles???
What's up with "up your butt" in the following sentence on the Fishers page...

"The fisher is found from the Sierra Nevadas in California to the Appalachians in West Virginia up your butt and north to New England (where it is often called a fisher cat), as well as in southern Alaska and across most of Canada."

Makes no sense to me!!!

71.74.30.148 23:22, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism. Remove it. *Yawn*. Dora Nichov 07:10, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

Raynham, MA
Saw a fisher running across Rte. 138 near a river. Thought it was an otter at first. It was pretty large, all black —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 76.19.164.222 (talk) 13:40, 27 February 2007 (UTC).

Fisher filmed in Coventry, CT
Today I was walking in a very wooded area and right at the end of the trail where my car was parked my Jack Russell Terriers chased a Fisher up a tree. I did not know what it was so I did not want to disturb it too much for fear that what ever it was may fall out of the tree, so I called my two puppies back, and got in the car. While driving back to my house, which was 1 minute away, I decided to get my camcorder and go back, of course I didn't take the dogs. So, while entering back in the woods there it was carrying an animal in it's mouth and ran up a tree that went up about 20 feet high and bent horizontally where he stopped and started munching on it's capture. I filmed about 10 minutes of this thing crunching on an animal. I tried to get closer and closer and he didn't really care to much about me, just kept looking at me every so often while I was filming and he was eating. I figured out that the prey he caught was a red tailed hawk when he swung it around and the red tail flopped in front of me. Still, I wasn't sure what it was cause I never really seen one, but to my surprise after getting on the internet, I found out what it was. He was the bushiest and cuttiest little thing and the only reason I think I was able to film him cause he didn't want to leave his catch. That also brought up the question, how did he catch a Hawk?Cchiker 02:18, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

Well, they're good hunters... Dora Nichov 10:49, 22 April 2007 (UTC)

Wausau, WI
4/15/07 - We saw a fisher go through the woods in Wausau, WI, too. It was last fall (fall 2006). With small kids, we are a bit scared of letting them play outside without us. Thanks for posting your sitings. If anyone knows what to do if you see a fisher, please advise. Thank you. —The preceding Deeds comment was added by 12.40.86.110 (talk) 02:04, 16 April 2007 (UTC).

Nothing really. They don't harm humans. Just sit and admire the beautiful animal.

article disputes animal's cries
"Mick Valent, the principal zoologist for the New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife... said he also had never heard of the scream. “There are a lot of animals that vocalize,” he said. “Foxes, coyotes make a lot of noise.”

seems to be a need to verify the sounds these animals make. Could be folklore.

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/04/nyregion/04cat.html

64.244.253.90 17:23, 6 July 2007 (UTC) it's not folklore..they sound evil. one in my yard looking for my dog mark payne-coventry ri —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

Fisher Photo Gallery Error
Dear Wikipedia Folks - There are three pictures in the photo gallery below the article on Fishers. One of the pictures, file name "kunawodna.jpg", is a picture of a mink - NOT a fisher! Please correct the error. Thanks 64.222.32.77 15:17, 18 September 2007 (UTC)

inccorect conversion and confusing size info
In the discription section it says "Adults weigh between 2 and 7 kg (12-25 lbs) ..." that conversion isnt even close, 2kg is about 4.4 lb and 7 is close to 15. Without knowing which is correct I am hesitant to try to fix it. The weights mentioned furter on in the section are correctly convereted but don't seem to match up with the range at all, "...and males at as much as 9 kg (20 lbs)." --71.112.123.212 (talk) 22:35, 2 February 2008 (UTC)

 * An anonymous user changed the imperial weights from 4-15 to 12-25 back in January . I'm treating it as old vandalism. -- Cyrius|✎ 02:38, 28 February 2008 (UTC)

Etymology
As the origin of the name "fisher" is unsourced, I suspect it is wrong, and the actual origin is the West Country term Fitcher, meaning a ferret or polecat. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.74.125.205 (talk) 19:43, 25 April 2008 (UTC)

 * The dutch version of this page says the opposite of what the english one says: it says dutch "fish marten" (vismarter) comes from the french term of polecat skin (fitchet), where the english version says it comes from "vies" (dirty, disgusting) which got corrupted into "vis" (fish). The french page is silent on this. Supporting the english version is that the english page mentions "fitch" as a (regional?) synonym to polecat, where the further term "foulmart" clearly refers to it being a stinky mustelid. Dutch idiom says "stinken als een bunzing" (to stink like a polecat).  No mention of polecat skins being called anything in the french page.  All in all this is not definite enough evidence to rewrite the english or dutch version either direction to make them compatible. 144.173.5.197 (talk) 16:01, 19 November 2009 (UTC)
 * The fitch(er) --> fisher you posit would then be not the correct derivation, with instead dutch-origin new englanders causing the vies (foul in dutch) --> vis (fish in dutch) derivation of the name, while possibly also vies (foul in dutch) --> fitch (west country). As I said, the dutch, french and english articles do not support each other so editing either direction would be unsupported without further evidence.  144.173.5.197 (talk) 16:08, 19 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Anonymous Exeter user, thanks for your input, and I hope my merging of the two sections maintained the proper sequence and intent of your input. Eric talk 19:34, 19 November 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fisher (animal)/Archive 1


text:
User talk:Rdzogs-chen

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

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title: User talk:Rdzogs-chen


text: User talk:65.38.210.75

title: User talk:65.38.210.75


text:
Talk:Margaret Rutherford

Two articles
There is a duplicate article at Dame Margaret Rutherford, which contains one sentence which is most certainly not true: that Agatha Christie had Rutherford (of all people) in mind when she wrote her Miss Marple mysteries.  00:50, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Stringer Davis - Sexuality
I have just deleted the comment that Margaret Rutherford's husband was gay. While this may well be true, in all my reading about M.R.'s life and career, and in discussion with her close friends, I have never come across this claim before. Will the original poster (or indeed anyone else) please provide a quote from a published source. 83.217.190.69 20:36, 11 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Maybe the anonymous editor had this in mind: "he was hopelessly infatuated with Sir John Gielgud. Apparently the infatuation was unrequited". However, this is hardly adequately summarised by the word "gay". Thincat 11:15, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Indeed! I am infatuated with Kate Bush, but that doesn't make me straight! :-)  The quote given by Thincat is, I believe, a fan submission from IMDB - not really a reliable source.  I vote we leave this speculation out of the article unless someone can come up with some proof from a reliable biography.  Chris  Csm1701 10:50, 16 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree. Even if a reputable source does exist, the information would be more relevant to the Stringer Davis article than here. Thincat 09:31, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Deleted the comment about sexuality. Again, it is not properly reffed and appears in none of the published biographies. Not not re-add without a verifiable source.86.159.26.107 (talk) 07:28, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

Questions that need to be answered if this is to be a good article
I think the following needs to be addressed in this article:
 * 1) What her father really did...
 * 2) What really happened to her mother...
 * 3) The familial connection to Tony Benn...
 * 4) Her marrying openly gay Stringer Davis...(regardless of those above who are in denial, Davis was a very happy gay man who was adored by many in the theatre/acting profession. It's testament to his taste and discretion that there are those who still deny this!)
 * 5) The adoption of a 25 year old writer as her son and supporting him through his sex change and subsequent inter-gender, inter-racial marriage...
 * 6) Winning an Oscar...
 * 7) Being absolutely loathed by Agatha Christie herself for her role as Miss Marple (apparently these films could not be mentioned in Christie's presence as they sent her into apoplexy!).
 * 8) Why you can only find photos of her where she's at least 44 years old.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by Stefaan2021 (talk • contribs) 12:35, 13 November 2021 (UTC)
 * We work only with verifiable and reliable sources and are interested in building a reputable encyclopaedia. This is not a tabloid interested in gossip and titilation. If you have neutral, referenced, missing information to add, then please do. Span (talk) 11:25, 29 April 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Margaret Rutherford


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Talk:Futures studies/Archive 2

Futurism vs. Futurology
Futurism redirects here, to Futurology. I think it probably should not do so - Futurism is also an established term for a movement in modern art. Futurism was popular in the 1930s and 40s in Europe, especially in Italy and other countries that had significant fascist movements; it is associated with fascism. I think, especially considering that the use of the term futurism in the non-art sense is admittedly rather tentative, a disambiguation page would be in order for futurism, but not futurology. The disambiguation could link to futurology, in that case.

Incoming!
According to PR Web, this article and its colleagues in other languages will shortly be the target of what appears to be a collaborative attempt at improvement. In no official capacity whatsoever, it's good to see stuff like this happening and I wish them luck. --Kizor 08:36, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

The World Futures Studies Federation Wiki Raid
Hi. Yes indeed the World Futures Studies Federation is making its contribution to the global Wiki by a organised process of populating the Wiki with accurate information regarding the emerging field of Future Studies on 31 October 2005. Those contributing are members of the World Futures Studies Federation. The Australians are starting the process. Phayward 21:09, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

Just added a link to a new page explaining the term Strategic Foresight and giving some references to some source material Phayward 21:52, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

Added another link to Integral Futures Phayward 22:14, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

WFSF & FS Community "futurology" update
Hi everyone,

Wendy Schultz jetted out of Honolulu this morning at sunrise on her way back to Oxford and left us the outline to begin the work of fleshing out the Wikipedia futures studies and social foresight entries. The History section is all hers, I just uploaded it... I slightly rearranged the content on the main page but did NOT make any substantial changes--not to offend anyone or step on the earlier authors. The outline itself is in no particular order, but you should be able to see easily what needs attention. Someone with good perspective might want to reorder the headings...

We obviously could benefit from translation to languages other than English.

As the page expands, it would make sense to create/set out discrete articles. Long entries SHOULD probably be created as separate pages -- as Peter Hayward has already done. Thanks to Jose and others whose fingerprints are already visible here.

Let the Halloween Raid begin!

Chris Jones (jones@wfsf.org) Outgoing Secretary General WFSF and former Visiting Associate Professor, University of Houston-Clear Lake

 * Hi Chris. Nice to see you participating here. I tried to send WFSF an email last week but I was a bit lazy! Could you have a look at World Futures Studies Federation article? Cheers -- Svest 23:58, 30 October 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

futures programs list
I've added the list of the full futures studies programs, but still need to add in web links for each one. There are web links for about 70% of the courses. I will also add info for the smaller programs, but many of these don't have links.

Also Jim Dator asked Wendy and myself to change the heading for this page from 'future studies' to 'futures studies' for obvious reasons. The previous people working on this page used something like a 'google test' to make their judgement.

Thanks Jose

The layout of the article
Great job. However, the article looks like a mess. I've put the template {attention} for the same reason. We have to organize sections according to their importance and follow the guidelines according to Manual of style. Cheers -- Svest 01:38, 31 October 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™
 * Okay, that was the reason for putting the attention sign. Sorry for removing it - I'll replace Ligtvoet 09:28, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

Apologies for the mess... we are just learning, and there are a lot of us. We will study the Manual of Style, and hope to create the usual state of Wikipedia layout as an emergent property of our group learning. Really. wendyif 23:22, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

programs and web links
I've added a few masters programs in futures studies. In terms of layout, what made most sense was

1) to make a page for each program, so they (program directors / students / affiliates) could edit it themselves, and

2) add a web link to the program

however only about 50% of the web links are operative, so I'll have to clean this up tonight.

Jose

 * Hola Jose. Could you please use the 4 ~ in order to have your signature and the time stamp? Cheers -- Svest 01:49, 31 October 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

Suggested change to the Introduction
Hi Folks Riel here. I want to put this up for discussion before making an edit because it is the opening paragraph and I suspect that we may have differing views on this. I would prefer the first paragraph to read:

"Future Studies is about trying to understand the potential of the present in the future. Future Studies is a broad field of inquiry that includes many ways of thinking about and portraying what the present could become. One of the key distinguishing attributes (epistemological starting points) of Futures Studies has been the on-going effort to distinguish possible, probable and preferred futures. Most work in Futures Studies falls either into one of these three different categories or is about the relationships amongst these three categories. Like historical studies that try to explain why and what happened in the past the efforts of Future Studies to understand the potential of the present requires the development of theories of present conditions and how conditions might change. For this task Futures Studies uses a wide range of theoretical models and practical methods, many of which come from other disciplines including economics, sociology, history, engineering, mathematics, psychology, physics, biology, theology, and more. What usually distinguishes Future Studies from the research conducted by these other disciplines (although all disciplines overlap, to differing degrees) is twofold. First Future Studies often examines not only probable but also the possible and preferable futures. Second Future Studies typically attempts to gain more a holistic view based on insights from a range of different disciplines. As the following pages that present the history of Futures Studies and the work of its many branches demonstrate, Futures Studies is cross-cutting, diverse and emergent."

A very brief commentary on what I hope this paragraph achieves. I think an introductory paragraph should be as neutral and open as possible - meaning that in the introduction we should try our best to not privilege methods such as "extrapolation" (which is just one method) or goals such as the normative role of "helping people create the futures they most desire" (which is just one function of FS). I may not have hit the nail on the head, but I think it is closer to a “neutral” introduction than the existing text. By the way this is not meant as a criticism of Wendy’s definition, which I’m familiar with and is very useful, particularly as a launch pad for this “raid” process. Thanks Wendy!!! --Rielm 14:25, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

Thierry Gaudin
For milleniums, there has been a demand for predictions of the future. The practices built to answer these demands have been deeply rooted in the cultures of the different civilizations. For instance : The Yi-King in China ; The geomantics in Africa and in the arab world ; The divination in ancient Greece. Contemporary practices usually refer to a scientific base, although ancient ones, like astrology, are still quite successfull at a popular level. Anyhow, Science faces practical difficulties in its attemps to modelize the future. For instance, the models built to foresee the greenhouse effect mobilize the biggest computers and are still quite uncertain in their conclusions, due to the complexity of the question. When human factors are at stake, the level of complexity is still higher. Therefore, the answers given by Science, though progressing slowly, are in most cases unable to fullfill the demand for predictions. In order to present a credible offer matching the eternal demand for visions of the future, consultants and university researchers have built methods. This appears as and adjustment to the beliefs of our time. If we cannot have results from Science, let us built a method ! Descartes initiated the word "method" to describe the path to develop science, therefore if we have a method, we have a more powerful tool than science, haven't we ? One can easily see that the logic underlying such an attitude is not very solid, but it works : you can sell it to companies or governments. More precisely, most so called "methods" are inspired by group dynamics and creativity techniques, which operate a sort of massage leaving the client satisfied. It may also be mixed with computer iteration of matrix, introducing a slight dose of science magics, even if the basic data are only fuzzy feelings. In that case, the work might be described by the well known formula : "garbage in, gospel out". Thierry Gaudin, http://gaudin.org

Adding some details to Alternative Possible Futures
Hi everyone! First let me say that this is a good initiative Wendy. I have added some details under the title Alternative Possible Futures where I elaborated on the idea of alternative futures a little. I brought in scenarios and some detail about trends. The source of this information can be found at http://www.framtidsbygget.se/center/signs/sign1.htm

I can translate selected pieces of what we are writing here to Swedish, but when I looked for a Wikipeda in Swedish I did not find one. If any one knows more about this, I will be glad to get a group here to build the Swedish pages on the subject of "framtidsstudier". Natalie, Visionscentret Framtidsbygget.83.226.118.136 14:48, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Framtidsstudier should take you to the Swedish article. Best of luck!  ‣ ᓛᖁ  [[Image:Venus symbol (blue).gif|♀]] [ ᑐ ] 15:12, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

I edited my information on trends to make it more readable! I also added a link to Visionscentret Framtidsbygget. Three of us are working on the Swedish pages,learning as we go and translating what we like from what is already done in English. No use inventing the wheel. Our purpose is to present Futures Studies to Sweds and raise their consciousness.

New entry on foresight
Hi everyone,

I have just added the term "foresight" (to the starting page, where all the alternative terms like futurism etc are listed), as well as a sub-page explaning the term. At least I hope I have - should have spent more time in the sandbox.

The sub-page is a problem to me, as it's called a disambiguation page and I am not really sure how to deal with that. In case one of you is a Widipedia wizard, please do have a look, any help is appreciated.

But great to see this is progressing.

Best regards from Germany,

Cornelia Daheim

 * Hi Cornelia! I think I've fixed your problems now, by moving your text to Foresight (future studies). Please check to see if it looks okey to you. Regards, --Boivie 15:50, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi Boivie, and many thanks! That's just perfect. A good first wikipedia experience, thanks fpr such great and quick help! CorneliaDaheim 16:05, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi Cornelia. I haven't seen anything about "Z punkt GmbH Büro für Zukunftsgestaltung" in the article. -- Svest 22:41, 31 October 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

How many people are participating in this fatal raid?!
Hi guys. I am amazed by this raid!!! Where have you been before?! What I can do here to help is categorizing, copy editing, wikifying and creating a template to be used in all Futures article (well, all the dirty work!). The rest is yours (I am not an accomplice!) -- Svest 22:36, 31 October 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

Over two dozen people are participating. We know we're creating a bit of a mess at the moment, but we will work to clean it up over the next few days: we just wanted to build momentum to get a lot of material online that reflects the fact that FutureS Studies -- with an S at the end of Future -- has been an academic discipline and a professional practice for almost half a century now.

Why "fatal"? It's meant to be a rejuvenation of the topic.

Big question: how do we change the header to "Futures Studies," which is the actual name of the field (not "Future Studies").

Thanks to everyone at Wikipedia for their patience and assistance while we get everything posted, refined, formatted, rearranged, and completed in proper style. Many of us are just learning how to do all of this, and we are grateful for your good humor and help while we expand these pages. Wendy Schultz wendyif 23:20, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi Wendy. Nice to see you all around here. Actually, 10 days ago I developped World Futures Studies Federation almost from scratch . I also created Mahdi ElMandjra article (though still I need time to develop it) and thought about contacting you for help. Surprisingly, here you are (2 dozens). That's why I called it a fatal raid as it was unexpected. -- Svest 00:55, 1 November 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

 * And boy do we appreciate your creating a page for WFSF from scratch! We need all the PR we can get.  IF there had been no content here on Futures Studies at all, we probably would have called it a barnraising; as it was, we wanted to generate a little excitement within our own community, to get people involved:  hence the slightly martial term.  Or you could think of it as a big Halloween "trick or treat":  the treat part is the extra content; the trick part is the mess (hopefully temporary).  wendyif 08:29, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

"how do we change the header to "Futures Studies," which is the actual name of the field (not "Future Studies")."

see below!!! Jose R. Globaleyes 00:04, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

new links for publications
I've added web links for each journal. previously they were just open ended pages, but I didn't expect people would write an encyclopaedic entry on each, so they now just go directly to the publications main page. You can check them for accuracy if you want. Nice job everyone on the body of the text. Looking good and starting to resemble the breadth and depth of this field! Jose

From 'future studies' to 'futures studies'
I asked at the village pump about changing the heading from 'future studies' to 'futures studies'. Apparantly the title is locked into the system at the admin level. Below is my query, and teh response I got:

Hi

A number of colleagues of mine from the World Futures Studies Federation (WFSF) are together editing the page on studies of the future. The problem we have is that the page title (which we cannot change) is 'future studies'. The previous contributors named it by using something they call a 'google test' comparing the number of hits from different titles.

The problem is that no one in this field calls it 'future studies'. I myself have a Masters in Futures Studies, know many in the field, and have conducted a survey of futures related courses around the world. There are half a dozen universities in the US that offer one course or another on 'futures studies'. No one calls it 'future studies'.

There are epistemological reasons why scholars in this area have come to call it futures (plural) over the past 2 decades, but it would indeed require long winded explanations. All I really need to know is:

.......how do we change it?

Thanks

Jose Ramos

 * Most of the time, there's a "Move" tab next to the "Edit this page" tab. In your case, however, futures studies already exists as redirect to future studies, in which case you'll need to list it at WP:RM. Now, I presume that you're involved in this "Wikiraid" thing, but I don't think that this will happen as quickly as you want.-Sean Black | Talk 04:06, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

Hi Sean

Thanks for your quick feedback. I'm not quite sure how I would list it at WP:RM. I'll post it to the others and see if they know what you mean.

Cheers

Jose Globaleyes 00:02, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I am sorry for being late in responding. It is fixed now ---> Futures Studies. Please check also with me the links from other pages to this article. Cheers -- Svest 00:13, 1 November 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

Thank you for doing that. Great that we have the right title finally. However when I try to edit, I get a blank edit page :< I also think we need to attend to wikification, which you mentioned earlier, so any tips on what isn't looking so good, or outside of wikipedia protocol, come right out with it and let us know.

Jose Globaleyes 00:27, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Try this link to start editing . I don't witness the same problem (blank page) as you mentioned. -- Svest 00:34, 1 November 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

 * One more thing. Future Studies still exist as a redirect to the main Futures Studies, in case visitors would search mistakingly for Future studies. -- Svest 00:37, 1 November 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

What are your plans/targets?
I just want to know so we can organize stuff. What I mean by targets is like how much material do you have that you think encyclopaedic to contribute to WP. If it is significant, I would sugges to create a WikiProject Futures Studies and later on Futures Studies Collaboration. The latter would have a target of having one of the articles related to FS nominated to be featured at the main page of Wikipedia. On the other hand, that would help us prepare and discuss all matters on the project page. Let me know when you are ready. -- Svest 01:06, 1 November 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™
 * Thank you again, not only for your assistance, but for your patience and good humor...we really appreciate it. There is an enormous amount of "encyclopaedic" material we could post -- if by that you mean reference and explanation material regarding key concepts, methods, tools, and thinkers in the field, as well as developmental history, main debates, etc.  Our underlying agenda, frankly, is for people to understand that there *is* a field, both in study (academia) and in practice.  Thus your suggestion to create a WikiProject, followed by a Collaboration, is excellent advice, because being nominated to be a feature article is *exactly* the sort of positive press we'd like.  And yes, we do realise we have a lot of work to do, especially in editing and formatting, to achieve that target.
 * What we would like to create is a solid statement of the precursors and origins of the field, its links to related fields (like systems science and critical theory), history of development, key thinkers, key concepts, widely used research methods, primary institutions (educational, research, consulting, professional organisations), publications (journals and e-publications), and a representative further readings list. We want this statement to represent faithfully the diversity of the field, its multidisciplinarity, and its cross-cultural nature.  What complicates the already complicated task of accurately limning a trans-disciplinary field is its relative intellectual newness; in terms of Kuhn's stages of paradigm shifts, we are about midway as a field, just beginning to converge on key concepts and conceptual frameworks, and to document them.  Thus making a truly inclusive and NPOV page (or pages) for Wikipedia is generating debate within our community, and will be a bit messy for a while.
 * But creating a WikiProject Futures Studies is good advice; thank you.
 * Another problem, of course, is the deeper structure: the fact that "Futures Studies" is currently a sub-page of "Futurology."  But more on that after we get the FS page itself tidied up.  Thanks for your help. wendyif 08:24, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I am not sure about what you meant by FS is a sub-page of Futurology. If you can give me a brief distinction between the two, I'd fix the categorization than. -- Svest 20:23, 1 November 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

WikiProject Futures Studies
Hi. The WikiProject is running and alive. Please participate on it. Note that you can change the layout of the project (just like treating an article). I'll now create the template that we have to use for every single article related to FS in order to attract more interested wikipedians and interested visitors. --Cheers-- Svest 19:19, 1 November 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

from 'academic programs' to 'futures in education'
It occured to me that, with so many universities being listed under 'academic programs', it is getting a little hyperlink heavy.

Also, we don't have a section on futures in education, which is a very large aspect of the overall field.

My suggestion is that instead of lots of hyperlinks, we construct several very coherent paragraphs on futures in education, with a few hyperlinks that would then go to two or three new pages. These new pages could have more of the details on futures in education, ie lots of links etc. plus other info.

This would work much like the section on 'futures techniques' was moved to a new page.

How does that sound?

Jose

New introduction Part II
Hello everyone. On the Wiki entry for Futures studies, as promised back on October 30th, there is now a revised version of the introduction. There has been some back and forth via email, not very Wiki spirited I guess, but nevertheless constructive I think. You can see the changes if you compare what is in the article now with what I drafted back on October 30th and posted above. Now, following the spirit of Wiki, let's see what happens. The aim of this new intro is to present Futures Studies in a comprehensible, inclusive and neutral way, without losing the distinctiveness of Futures Studies as a "discipline". This is a fine line to walk, particularly in a field that for better or worse has no orthodoxy. It may be that the lack of a dominant view-point is an accurate reflection of something inherent to the subject or it may just be that the field is still too immature. In any case I think the point of the introduction should be to delimit the field in as open ended a way as possible, without privileging any one school of thought nor losing all definitional meaning. Hope this helps. Thanks, Riel --Rielm 19:28, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

Too many big lists
The lists need to be cut down to be more concise... there's too many of them, and the External Links section is out of control. --mdd4696 01:02, 30 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Created Futures resources article with External links for clean-up crews. RJBurkhart 21:49, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

 * That doesn't solve the problem at all. It'd be better to bring the list back but pare it down to a manageable size. -Will Beback 23:59, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

Why capitalization?
Shouldn't this be at future studies, not Future Studies?--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 15:31, 30 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Future Studies is a specific field of science, like Biology or Chemistry, and should be capitalized as a specific noun. Darkeye11547 18:34, 26 August 2007 (UTC)

academic programs -> futures education
I have change the academic programs section to Futures Education, based on conversations I had during the wiki raid. People have been complaining that the section is too list heavy, and I felt the long list on academic programs was arduous. I've moved this list to a new section on university programs. However I'm not sure how this sits with wikipedia protocols.

Comments appreciated

Jose

Globaleyes

okay I got rid of the new pages, as I was told they are un encyclopaedic. I know people have worked on the links, so I put them back under the futures education heading. But I think we need to find way of nesting links into other pages as references.

Globaleyes 01:51, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

WikiProject Futures Studies
Is this project alive? I asked a question on that project talk page over a month ago and nobody replied...--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 04:41, 9 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I created that project as I had witnessed a massive collaboration of a few contributers (maybe a dozen). I thought it would be a good idea but I am also now wondering about its fate. I hope to see more people getting involved. Cheers -- Szvest 12:26, 9 January 2006 (UTC) Wiki me up™
 * Well, I am sure sooner or later enough (new) users will come to make that project come out of hibernation.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 03:07, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I've recently requested the Minnesota Futurists Chapter of WFS to contribute or review & revise articles. RJBurkhart 18:14, 21 January 2006 (UTC)

NE-Kansas JoCo Library resources
This sampler reflects holdings about Futurists and the areas for which they use future studies to help them forecast alternative futures:
 * What futurists believe by Coates, Joseph F. (Joseph Francis), 1929-
 * Publisher: Lomond ; Pub date: 1989.
 * Pages: xiii, 340 p. : ISBN 0912338660

 * Predicting the future : from Jules Verne to Bill Gates by Malone, John Williams.
 * Publisher: M. Evans, Pub date: c1997.
 * Pages: ix, 194 p. ; ISBN 087131830X

RJBurkhart 21:37, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Nine shift : work, life and education in the 21st century
 * Personal Author: Draves, William A. (William August), 1949-
 * Added author: Coates, Julie.
 * Publication info: River Falls, Wisconsin : LERN Books, c2004.
 * Physical descrip: 300 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. ISBN 1577220307
 * Subject term: Twenty-first century--Forecasts.
 * Subject term: Civilization, Modern--21st century--Forecasting.
 * Subject term: Organizational change.
 * Subject term: Social prediction.
 * Subject term: Education forecasting.
 * Subject term: Technology forecasting.

Futurists merge
Futurists contains little if any information that is not present in this article, I think that anything useful from Futurists should be merged here and that article should be redirected to Futurism, which Futurist already redirects to. --Hgebel 17:14, 19 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I would recommend against this. As outlined in Futurist (definition), http://www.accelerationwatch.com/futuristdef.html, there are many types of futurists in common and professional connotation (I've noted twelve so far). This term has its own history that deserves treatment. Furthermore, not all futurists engage in a process we might call study. Preconventional futurists would generally not. And while astrologers and religious futurists use methodologies that include study, their personal revelation or belief-based work, which may be significant for some, would not fall within a consensus definition of the futures studies term as used by most practitioners.--John Smart 18:35, 19 February 2007 (UTC).
 * That's why I recommended that after the merger it be redirected at Futurism, which links to a number of different types of Futurism, instead of this article. If it isn't merged, then the Futurists article should be expanded to include the other meanings, and the Futurist article should be redirected to point to Futurists instead of Futurism.--Hgebel 21:26, 19 February 2007 (UTC)
 * John, since you're working on Futurists I withdrew my merge request. I've put in a move request that Futurists be moved to Futurist (and Futurists be redirected to it.) This is to make it conform to the article naming conventions. In the meantime, I've redirected Futurist to Futurists since it didn't make sense to me for Futurist and Futurists to point at different articles.--Hgebel 13:33, 25 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Thank you Hgebel. And thanks for taking care of the naming requests. That's a bit above my pay grade at present. I'll do my best to put useful content on Futurists over the next few days, according to Wikipedia's standards. John Smart 15:36, 25 February 2007 (UTC)
 * The move is finished. I bolded the subject to conform to the style manual. Thanks for your work on these articles.--Hgebel 11:50, 26 February 2007 (UTC)

Removing memetics category
I am removing the memetics category from this article since you learn no more about the article's contents from the category and v.v. Since so many things may be memes we should try to keep the category closely defined in order to remain useful. Hope you're okay with that. The link to meme would be enough I suggest. Facius 10:57, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

Futurology vs. Futures Studies
Just a question from an interested reader: what is the distinction between Futures Studies and Futurology? This isn't clear at a glance. CharlesGillingham 19:02, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

Fashion and design
I would like to suggest that this section be moved to the end of the overall entry under a rubric which might be useful to others as well that would address how FS is applied in specific sectors. The Fashion and Design entry, placed where it is in the sequence of items that make up the FS overview, is confusing and misleading. Rielm 08:10, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

Lists of journals in subject articles
It might help if each journal listed has a WP article, so they won't be considered spam. DGG (talk) 08:49, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

Linkfarm
The external links need cleanup throughout the article per WP:EL, WP:SPAM, and WP:NOT. Additionally, the lists that are growing within this article need inclusion criteria and should only accept links that meet the stated criteria. I propose an initial criteria of links to existing articles only. --Ronz 19:12, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

The first sentance
The first sentence of this article sounds more like an advertisement than an introduction to an encyclopaedic article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.175.57.11 (talk) 06:16, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

Futurists Women and Artists
Whoever keeps editing out well-known futurists please stop. This is an example of bias. I saw Ms. Vita-More on this some time ago along with other well-known names. Vita-More probably has more press than many of these names and more academic credentials. She is a leader in the media arts. I want more women mentioned and more artists mentioned because futurists are not just businessmen. Videogamexx (talk) 20:18, 12 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Futures studies/Archive 2


text:
Irony Is a Dead Scene

Irony Is a Dead Scene is the third EP by American metalcore band, The Dillinger Escape Plan. It was recorded with Mike Patton and released on August 27, 2002, through Epitaph and Buddyhead Records.

Background
Following the departure of the band's original vocalist Dimitri Minakakis, the temporary plan to record with Patton was in place before a permanent replacement vocalist had been found, yet by the time Patton had recorded vocals and the EP was released, the band had been touring with new vocalist Greg Puciato for nearly a year.

Reception
Irony Is a Dead Scene was generally reviewed well, and Patton's contributions to the band's sound was considered a successful experiment. Bradley Torreano of AllMusic gave the album 4 out of 5 stars, saying, "Despite the ridiculously high expectations from both artists' fan bases, Irony Is a Dead Scene is a brilliant collaboration between the two."

Personnel
The Dillinger Escape Plan
 * Ben Weinman – lead guitar, keyboards, production
 * Brian Benoit – rhythm guitar
 * Liam Wilson – bass
 * Adam Doll – keyboards, samples
 * Chris Pennie – drums, percussion, keyboards, production

Guest musician
 * Mike Patton – vocals, sampler, percussion, production

Production
 * Chris Badami – engineering
 * Steve Evetts – mixing
 * Alan Douches – mastering
 * Nick Pritchard – design

title: Irony Is a Dead Scene


text: Category:Dillinger Escape Plan albums

title: Category:Dillinger Escape Plan albums


text:
Category:Tools

The category of tools includes physical tools such as hammers, as well as tools for more abstract processes, e.g., Category:Mathematical tools. Most of the articles will reside in subcategories for the different classes of tools.

hr:Kategorija:Alati

title: Category:Tools


text:
Amir Kabir Publishers

Amir Kabir Publishers (Entišarat-e Amir Kabir; also romanized as Amir-Kabir or Amar-i Kabir) is a publishing house based in Tehran, Iran and founded on November 19, 1949, by Abdorrahim "Taghi" Jafari. It is named after Mirza Taghi Khan Amirkabir (better known as Amir Kabir) (1807–1852), who was chief minister during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar and is sometimes referred to as the Amirkabir Publication Institute.

Company history
Following the Islamic Revolution in 1979, the Iranian government seized Amir Kabir Publishers's assets. Subsequently, the organization's new owners imposed a new management structure. The publishing house is still active, but only publishes previously published material, classics, and conservative new books. Amir Kabir Publishers is the publisher of The Persian Encyclopedia.

The Amir Kabir Publishers edition of Sadegh Hedayat's novel بوف کور (The Blind Owl) was one of the titles selected for the Library of Congress 2014 "A Thousand Years of the Persian Book" exhibition.

The firm regularly attends the Tehran International Book Fair and overseas book fairs, including at Frankfurt and Bologna.

Book series

 * Études iraniennes (Centre iranien pour le dialogue des civilisations)
 * Kitāb-hā-yi ṭalā'ī (کتاب‌های طلائى) (English, "Golden Books")
 * Shāhkār-hā-yi adabīiyāt-i Fārsī (شاهکارهای ادبیات فارسى) (English: "Masterpieces of Persian Literature") (1954–)

title: Amir Kabir Publishers


text: Category:Baseball umpires

title: Category:Baseball umpires


text:
Fluticasone/salmeterol

Fluticasone/salmeterol, sold under the brand name Advair among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication containing fluticasone propionate and salmeterol. It is used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is used by inhaling the medication into the lungs.

Common side effects include thrush, headache, and cough. Serious side effects may include worsening asthma, anaphylaxis, seizures, and heart problems. Safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding is unclear. Fluticasone, a corticosteroid, works by decreasing inflammation while salmeterol, a long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA), works by activating beta-2 adrenergic receptors.

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 2000. A generic version was approved in the United States in 2019. In 2021, it was the 64th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 10million prescriptions.

Medical uses
Fluticasone, a corticosteroid, is the anti-inflammatory component of the combination which decreases inflammation in the lungs. This leads to improvement in breathing. Salmeterol, an LABA, treats constriction of the airways. The combination of both is meant to be used as maintenance therapy and not as a rescue therapy for sudden symptoms.

Side effects
The common side effects of this combination are those of its individual drugs. For instance, the use of inhaled corticosteroids is associated with oral candidiasis, commonly known as yeast infection or thrush. Rinsing the mouth with water after inhaling the medication decreases the risk of developing this condition.

While the use of inhaled steroids and LABA are recommended for the resulting improvement in control of symptoms of asthma, concerns have been raised that salmeterol may increase the risk of death due to asthma, and this additional risk is not reduced by the addition of inhaled steroids. Other side effects from this drug combination may include increased blood pressure, change in heart rate, an irregular heartbeat, increased risk of osteoporosis, cataracts, and glaucoma. Studies have demonstrated the safety of inhaled fluticasone propionate in children. A systematic review published in 2013 found no significant adverse effect on the function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, growth, and bone mineral density in asthmatic children when inhaled fluticasone is used for up to three months.

Mechanism of action
Fluticasone/salmeterol contains fluticasone propionate, a synthetic corticosteroid, and salmeterol, a selective long-acting beta-adrenergic receptor agonist. Fluticasone works as a potent anti-inflammatory agent, inhibiting multiple cell types such as mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils all of which contribute to inflammation, a large component in the pathogenesis of asthma. Salmeterol works by stimulating intracellular adenyl cyclase, which acts as a catalyst in the production of cyclic AMP. Increased cyclic AMP levels lead to a relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles. Additionally, cyclic AMP inhibits the release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity.

Legal status
On 28 January 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Seffalair Spiromax, intended for the treatment of asthma. The applicant for this medicinal product is Teva B.V. The CHMP also recommended the granting of a marketing authorization for the duplicate product BroPair Spiromax. Seffalair Spiromax and BroPair Spiromax were both approved for medical use in the European Union in March 2021.

Generic equivalents
In January 2019, the FDA granted Mylan N.V. the first generic approval for Advair Diskus.

Civil settlements
In 2012, Advair was part of a larger civil settlement agreement between GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and the United States, in which GSK agreed to pay $1.043 billion; the United States said that GSK promoted off-label uses of Advair and paid kickbacks to healthcare professionals to sell this drug, among others.

title: Fluticasone/salmeterol


text:
Fitzroy River

There are three rivers named the Fitzroy River, all in Australia:

 * Fitzroy River (Queensland)
 * Fitzroy River (Victoria)
 * Fitzroy River (Western Australia)

title: Fitzroy River


text: User talk:68.62.34.70

title: User talk:68.62.34.70


text:
List of PlayStation Portable games

This is a list of games for the Sony PlayStation Portable handheld console. It does not include PSOne classics, PS minis, or NEOGEO Station. Games have been released in several regions around the world; North America (NA), Japan (JP), Europe (EU), and Australia (AUS).

The games show the date the game was first released in that region.

Notes:
 * Some games have multiple publishers, varying by region. In these cases, the publishers are ordered by release date for their respective regions.
 * Alternate English titles are listed underneath the main title.

There are currently  games on this list.

title: List of PlayStation Portable games


text: Category:Mechanical hand tools

title: Category:Mechanical hand tools


text:
Ernst Hartwig

Carl Ernst Albrecht Hartwig (14 January 1851 in Frankfurt – 3 May 1923 in Bamberg) was a German astronomer.

On 20 August 1885, Hartwig discovered a new star, SN 1885A (S Andromedae), in the Andromeda Galaxy, which was the first supernova that was ever seen that was outside the Milky Way. He is also credited for the discovery and co-discovery of three parabolic and hyperbolic comets, namely C/1879 Q2, C/1880 S1 and C/1886 T1. In 1882, Hartwig observed the transit of Venus in Argentina. During the 1883 observation campaign of comet 6P/d'Arrest he found five NGC objects working at the Strasbourg Observatory. In 1874 he became assistant at the Observatory of Strasbourg, 1884 astronomer at Dorpat Observatory and 1887 director of the Remeis Observatory at Bamberg.

The French Academy of Sciences awarded him the Valz Prize in 1902 for his heliometer observations and work on variable stars. Lunar crater Hartwig and Martian crater Hartwig were both named in his honor.

Obituary

 * AN 219 (1923) 185/186

title: Ernst Hartwig


text:
Emu Park, Queensland

Emu Park is a coastal town and locality on the Capricorn Coast located 21 km south of Yeppoon in Queensland, Australia. It is within the local government area of Shire of Livingstone (between 2008 and 2013, it was within the Rockhampton Region). In the, the locality of Emu Park had a population of 2,281 people.

Home of the famous Singing Ship Monument, the Emu Park land area was explored by Lieutenant James Cook in 1770. It overlooks the islands of Keppel Bay, including Great Keppel Island. Emu Park is a popular tourist spot, and has won several tourism awards, and features fishing, surfing, boating, and unspoiled beaches.

Geography
Emu Park is part of the Capricorn Coast in Central Queensland.

Off-shore to the north is Shoal Bay (-23.2185°N, 150.811°W).

Emu Park has the following coast features (from north to south):

 * Tanby Point (-23.2362°N, 150.828°W)
 * Fishermans Beach (-23.2485°N, 150.824°W)
 * Emu Point (-23.2552°N, 150.8293°W)

The northern part of the locality is mostly undeveloped wetlands around Shoal Water Creek (-23.2358°N, 150.7977°W) which flows into Shoal Bay, while the southern part of the locality is undeveloped wetlands around an unnamed creek. The eastern strip of the locality near the coast is urban in character with housing and services. The centre and west of the locality is mostly used for grazing on native vegetation with some areas of rural residential housing.

Emu Park Airstrip is at the northern end of Henry Street (-23.255°N, 150.8144°W).

Early settlement
The Keppel Bay area was explored by Lieutenant James Cook on the HM Bark Endeavour in May 1770. He named the bay after Admiral Augustus Keppel of the Royal Navy.

British settlement began in the 1860s when John Jardine established a cattle grazing property south of the current town, at Zilzie, an anagram of Lizzie, the eldest of John Jardine's daughters.

Emu Park township was established in the 1870s when several Rockhampton families built seaside holiday houses on the hills overlooking the two beaches that are a feature of the town – Fisherman's Beach and Pine Beach.

Hewittville Post Office opened on 12 November 1883 (a receiving office had been open from 1876) and was renamed Emu Park in 1890.

Emu Park State School opened on 3 February 1890. The school was burned down on 26 July 1946 and all early records of the school were lost in the blaze. The hall was used as a temporary school. The new school building was designed with 2 classrooms for a total 60 students at a cost of £2315.

Central business district
Soon after the town was settled, a commercial area was established in and around Hill Street. Some of the early stores included a general store, a grocery store, butcher shop, bakery, and a combined sweet and haberdashery store.

By the 1920s the town had two large hotels, a cinema, court house, public library, shops and many guest houses for visitors. A small pier was opened by Ethel Bruce, wife of the Prime Minister, Stanley Bruce, in 1926 and Bell Park, a shady park on the shores of Fisherman's Beach was established in the 1930s.

The town's general store was owned by several families over the years including the Ryan, Mills and Bundesen families.

A haberdashery and sweet shop was owned by well known community stalwart Henny Power.

A grocery shop was owned by several families before being bought by the Notaras family who converted the shop into Seagulls Cafe. It was then bought by the Stouraitis family who ran a fish and chip shop from the building before it was destroyed in a fire in 1961.

The Large family leased the Central Cafe in 1934 where they established the Britanic Cafe selling meals while also offering a range of groceries. The shop remained in the family until 1982. It was later bought by the Charlesworth family who ran it as a local grocery store "Charlie's Corner" until 2012 when it closed after the opening of the town's first supermarket the previous year. In 2018, the Emu Park Post Office was relocated to the building.

A general merchant's shop was located in Archer Street next to the Catholic Church from the 1890's until its closure in 1940. Known as "The Village Store" when it was run by the Ryan family, it sold a large variety of grocery items including local produce traded with South Sea Islanders. The building was demolished in the 1980's.

The original butcher shop was built on the corner of Hill and Archer Street in 1912 and closed in 1996 before a new butcher shop was established. The first newsagency opened in a shop beside the Grand Central Hotel in 1938, beside a bakery.

In 2011, the town's first supermarket was opened when the Emu Park Village Centre, anchored by a Super IGA-branded supermarket (owned by Drakes Supermarkets), was opened. The popularity of the new supermarket contributed to the closure of the town's firmly established general store, Charlie's Corner, which ceased trading on 30 November 2012. A compliance issue regarding Sunday trading forced Supa IGA to temporarily cease trading on Sundays in 2014, leaving the town without a grocery store for one day of the week which caused much angst and frustration in the community. The issue was resolved soon after. In line with the other 21 Drakes-owned stores in Queensland, the Supa IGA branding was completely dropped and the Emu Park supermarket was solely rebranded as a Drakes Supermarkets store in 2017.

As of 2022, a large variety of small businesses continue to trade in town's central business district, including two bakeries, several cafes and takeaway outlets, a newsagency, the post office, a chemist, a butcher shop, a petrol station, real estate agencies, a charity shop, a tobacco shop, a discount store, hair and beauty outlets and a community bank.

Railway
From 1888 to 1964, Emu Park was serviced by the North Rockhampton to Emu Park railway line. A branch to Yeppoon, further to the north was opened in 1910.

The railway officially opened on 22 December 1888. The original trains that serviced Emu Park from Rockhampton ran from North Rockhampton railway station prior to the Alexandra Railway Bridge across the Fitzroy River being opened in 1899 connecting the line with the stations on the southern side of Rockhampton including Archer Park and the main Stanley Street station.

The original railway line was surveyed as a more direct route to Emu Park with the line coming into the town from the western side of Emu Park instead of the more indirect route which was eventually chosen through Tanby and into the town from the north which increased the length of the line to 29 miles from the original 20 mile line originally surveyed.

The commuter trains were established in 1914, which took workers and school students to Rockhampton each morning.

The Emu Park railway station and engine sheds received considerable damage from the 1949 Central Queensland cyclone. The carriage shed was completely destroyed while the other shed was demolished. The railway station was repaired.

Until a high school was built in Yeppoon, local secondary students used the train to travel to Rockhampton, departing at 6:55am each morning.

The Emu Park station master lived in a residence with a detached kitchen in Hill Street. After the line was closed, the house was demolished and the Emu Park Cultural Centre was built on the site.

There was a turntable for locomotives to be turned around installed in 1905, remnants of which are still visible outside the Don Ireland Swimming Complex. Before the line closed, an overhead bridge was built across the railway line near Albermarle Street.

The railway closed on 30 June 1964.

The railway goods shed built in 1888 remained in the railway precinct until 1992 when the Emu Park Lions Club successfully applied to have the building relocated with the intention for it to be used as a youth clubhouse. "The Shack" opened in 1994. It was extended in 2016 and continues to be used by the Lions Club as their clubhouse and for organised youth activities.

The former railway precinct is now the site of the Emu Park bus interchange and the Emu Park Community Arts Centre which was opened in 2020.

The railway line from North Rockhampton was officially opened on Saturday 22 December 1888 by Archibald Archer, the local Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Rockhampton. Emu Park railway station was on the northern corner of Hill Street and Pattison Street (-23.2567°N, 150.8262°W).

Churches
In November 1893, Emu Park's first church was the Christ Church (a Church of England church), a timber building constructed on the corner of Fountain Street and Hill Street opposite Emu Park State School. After access to the site proved difficult during wet weather, the church was relocated to its existing location on the corner of Archer Street and Hunter Street. The church was extended in 1919 to provide more comfort for the vicars who would travel down by buggy from Rockhampton. The church was restored in 1984 and continues to hold services.

The second church to be built in Emu Park was the original Mary Immaculate Catholic Church which was opened in Archer Street on 25 September 1904. A school room was opened under the presbytery at the back of the building in 1917. The school was moved into a neighbouring property in 1920 and became known as St Agnes' Convent School. The church was enlarged with two wings and a sacristy added to the building. The renovated church opened on 23 December 1923. The school was renovated in 1959 and remained in use until 1965. The original church was demolished in 1974 when it became unsafe. The vacant school building was transformed into a church and opened on 26 May 1974. By 1984, the former school building was struggling to accommodate the large congregation and funds were raised to build a brand new church building which was opened on 8 December 1984, close to where the original 1904 building once stood. The Mary Immaculate Catholic continues to hold services. The church's centenary was celebrated on 25 November 2004.

The existing Uniting Church building in Archer Street was originally built as a billiard saloon which was opened in December 1916 by Thomas Charles Lachlan. The saloon was forced to close when most of the young men who used the venue enlisted in the armed services during World War I. The Methodist Church purchased the building in November 1919. Following the amalgamation of the Methodist Church into the Uniting Church in Australia in 1977, it became the Emu Park Uniting Church. Although the building needed repairs after sustaining damage during Tropical Cyclone Marcia in 2015, weekly church services continue to be held from the building.

Hotels
The first hotel to be opened in Emu Park was The Brighton. It was built in 1871 and run by Eliza Pearson who was granted the license on 12 December 1871. After being refurbished, it was re-opened by Ferguson McHarg as the Blue Bell Hotel in November 1879. It was demolished and rebuilt in 1888 when it was re-opened by George Birch as the Grand Hotel in 1888. The Grand Hotel was destroyed in a fire on 20 November 1908 which killed district schools inspector Thomas Russell Brown. Rockhampton mayor Harry Medcraf who was also staying at the hotel managed to escape the fire. A palatial house was then built on the site and purchased by the Begg family who converted it into the Pine Beach Hotel which opened on 13 March 1926. The Pine Beach Hotel continues to trade from the site on the corner of Pattison Street and Granville Street.

The Emu Park Hotel became the town's second hotel in 1874 when Philip Downer was granted the license on 11 December 1874. After Fred Comley purchased the hotel in 1885, a hall was constructed next to the hotel which was opened on 8 March 1889. Prior to the school building being finished in Fountain Street, Emu Park State School was originally opened in the hall on 3 February 1890 with Benjamin Long becoming the school's first head teacher. When the school was destroyed in a fire on 26 July 1946, school students once again returned to Comley's Hall until the new school buildings were opened in 1948. After being renovated, the Emu Park Hotel was renamed Hotel Riviera in October 1927. The hall was destroyed in the Central Queensland cyclone on 2 March 1949 when it collapsed against the side of the hotel, which also sustained considerable damage. Later that same year, the hotel was destroyed in a fire on 27 September 1949.

In the late 1880's, the Imperial Hotel was built in Hill Street. The proposal for a third hotel in Emu Park was met with opposition from the existing licensees as they believed the community was not yet big enough to sustain three hotels. In July 1888, George Wickham applied for the hotel license but was refused. Several months later, William Toon managed to successfully apply for the license to run the Imperial Hotel and the business was opened soon after. The hotel was bought by the Begg family in 1911. The Imperial Hotel was destroyed by fire on 7 April 1925. A movie theatre was built on the site in 1950 which was bought by the Green family in 1969 who transformed the building into a hardware store. The building was demolished in 1992 to make way for a row of new retail outlets.

The Railway Hotel was opened by the Evans family in 1890. It was destroyed by fire on 19 June 1904. A boarding house was then built on the site which was purchased by the Begg family in 1912. The Begg's relocated the Mount Usher Hotel from near Mount Morgan to Emu Park and rebuilt it as the Grand Central Hotel which opened on 22 March 1913. The Begg family remained as licensees until 1926 when they leased it out before returning in 1945. There was a series of ownership changes before the licensing commission cancelled the hotel's license, after which it became a boarding house known as The Beachcomber. After the closure of the railway, The Beachcomber was sold but then remained vacant until it was demolished in 1977. In May 1987, the site was bought at auction and construction of a new building began on 7 September 1987. The Endeavour Inn was opened on the site by Denis Hinton on 26 February 1988 which continues to operate from the site.

School of Arts
The building now known as the School of Arts was the town's first post and telegraph office which was built and opened in November 1883. Shortly after opening, the post office was relocated to the Emu Park Railway Station and the building became the School of Arts. Emu Park's first library was opened in the School of Arts in 1902 with Rose McLelland becoming the town's first librarian. Another librarian, Mary Morris, was credited with having a dance hall built on land beside the School of Arts in 1921 but it was destroyed in a fire on 27 December 1945. The current Emu Park Library opened in 1984 after the School of Arts became a medical centre in 1983, before eventually being donated to the Emu Park Museum in 2007.

Post office
The Emu Park Post Office was eventually relocated from the railway station to Pattison Street where the Edmistone family ran it for 65 years. It was eventually relocated again to the Emu Park Arcade in Granville Street and taken over by Kerry Kay in 1997 who ran it until his retirement in 2021. The Emu Park Post Office was relocated again to its existing location in the former general store on the corner of Hill Street and Pattison Street in April 2018.

Community Arts Centre
The Emu Park Community Arts Centre was officially opened on 9 December 2021, with the first exhibition in the venue being held on 11 December 2021. Livingstone Shire Council obtained $1.1 million from the state government for the project with the council also allocating $200,000 to the facility. The new arts centre was built where the railway station once stood, after the former art gallery was closed in 2019 when the building it had been situated in for 15 years was sold.

Demographics
Some of the descendants of the Woppaburra people evicted from their homeland in the Greater and South Keppel islands live in both Emu Park and Yeppoon.

In the, the locality of Emu Park had a population of 2,021 people.

In the, the locality of Emu Park had a population of 2,130 people.

In the, the locality of Emu Park had a population of 2,281 people.

Heritage listings
Emu Park has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

 * Bell Park, Hill Street (-23.2559°N, 150.8273°W)

Education
Emu Park State School is a government primary (Prep–6) school for boys and girls at 26 Fountain Street (-23.2597°N, 150.8207°W). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 507 students with 37 teachers (33 full-time equivalent) and 25 non-teaching staff (17 full-time equivalent). It includes a special education program.

There is no secondary school in Emu Park, despite lobbying and support from the local community to have a high school established in the town which has at times become a contentious political issue. The nearest secondary school is Yeppoon State High School in Yeppoon to the north.

Facilities
Emu Park has facilities for a range of emergency services:

 * Emu Park Police Station, 46 Pattison Street (-23.2564°N, 150.8252°W)
 * Emu Park Ambulance Station, at 87 Hartley Street (-23.2665°N, 150.8202°W)
 * Emu Park Fire Station, at 55 Conner Street  (-23.2669°N, 150.8203°W)
 * Emu Park SES Facility, at 53 Archer Street (-23.2561°N, 150.8246°W)

Emu Park Cemetery is on Emu Park Road (-23.2608°N, 150.8014°W).

Emu Park-Zilzie Sewage Treatment Plant is at 3620 Emu Park Road (-23.2627°N, 150.8103°W).

Amenities
Livingstone Shire Council operates the Emu Park library (-23.2564°N, 150.827°W) and Emu Park Cultural Hall (-23.2565°N, 150.8269°W) at 7-9 Hill Street.

The Emu Park branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association meets at CWA Hall at 11 Hill Street (-23.2566°N, 150.8266°W).

Churches in Emu Park include:

 * Emu Park Uniting Church, 22 Archer Street (-23.2584°N, 150.8257°W).

 * Mary Immaculate Catholic Church, 38 Archer Street (-23.2572°N, 150.8247°W)

 * Christ Church Anglican, 9 Hunter Street (-23.256°N, 150.8237°W)

There is a boat ramp at the eastern end of Hill Street at Emu Point (-23.255°N, 150.8286°W). It is managed by the Livingstone Shire Council.

Following the establishment of a local Emu Park & District Men's Shed Association, a purpose-built men's shed was constructed on Hartley Street (-23.26105°N, 150.81952°W) which was officially opened in 2016.

Sport
A variety of local sporting organisations can be found within Emu Park, incorporating sports such as rugby league, rugby union, touch football, lawn bowls, croquet, swimming, surf lifesaving, fishing and golf. A $5 million multi-sports facility on Hartley St, jointly funded by the Australian Government, Queensland Government, Livingstone Shire Council and Bendigo Community Bank was officially opened on 19 May 2018, with future plans to expand facilities.

Emu Park Golf Course is a community club (-23.261°N, 150.8076°W).

In 2014, it was announced that Emu Park would be permitted to enter team into Rockhampton Senior Rugby League's A-grade, reserve and Under 20's competitions for the 2015 season. Home games will be played at the Emu Park Sports Facility on Hartley Street in Emu Park. The club competes in the Rockhampton District Rugby League competition.

Events
Emu Park hosts a variety of annual community events including:

 * Festival of the Wind kite festival
 * Classics By The Coast vintage car show
 * Emu Park Lions Club Oktoberfest (now running over 30 years)

The town's popular market days are held on the third Sunday of each month in Bell Park.

In 2021 Woodford Folk Festival chose Emu Park Cultural Hall as a venue for their travelling Festival of Small Halls tours of regional Queensland.

Attractions
Attractions in Emu Park include:

 * the Singing Ship memorial
 * the Centenary of ANZAC memorial
 * Main Beach recreational area
 * Lions Club heritage trail

Singing Ship memorial
The Singing Ship memorial is located on the headland accessed from Tennant Memorial Drive (-23.2562°N, 150.8291°W). It commemorates the voyage of James Cook on the HM Bark Endeavour in May 1770 during which he explored the bay. The memorial depicts the sail, mast and rigging of the ship, and the "singing" is created by the wind passing through organ pipes within the memorial.

Centenary of ANZAC memorial
A Centenary of ANZAC memorial is located along the beachfront at the southern end of Emu Street, opposite the Emu Park RSL Sub-Branch (-23.2582°N, 150.8289°W).

Since the first stage of the multi-faceted development opened in 2015, the memorial has become a landmark of cultural and historic significance for Central Queensland, while also serving as a tourist attraction for Emu Park itself. The memorial consists of several elements including ANZAC Court featuring a sandstone and sculpture cenotaph, a glass pane artwork, various sandstone plinths, The Gatehouse museum, battle markers, silhouettes of Australian soldiers, a boardwalk and a viewing platform.

In 2011, local artist and Vietnam veteran Ross Coulter proposed part of the Emu Park foreshore be developed to incorporate a commemorative Centenary of ANZAC memorial. Coulter's vision was for a new memorial called Anzac Plaza to be established, to complement the existing RSL precinct where the RSL Memorial Hall had been officially opened in 1949.

However, Coulter died on 5 November 2011, the same day the plans were publicly announced. Despite his death, the RSL vowed to progress with Coulter's vision to have a Centenary of ANZAC Memorial established in Emu Park.

A steering committee was formed in 2013 to move forward with the development which Livingstone Shire Council adopted in 2014, launching the project in partnership with the state government, Emu Park RSL, Bendigo Community Bank and Home Corp.

A symbolic groundbreaking ceremony was held in July 2014, with Coulter's widow Kate Coulter in attendance along with various dignitaries. The first sandstone blocks of the ANZAC Court memorial feature were installed in December 2014, with the first stage of the memorial completed and commissioned in time for Anzac Day commemorations in 2015.

Prior to the 2016 Anzac Day commemorations, more than 200 people attended the official opening of The Gatehouse - a structure that houses 26 separate information panels telling the stories of local men and women from Emu Park who served during the World War I, as well as general information about the war. Later that year, three sandstone plinths were unveiled at the memorial to acknowledge the history of the RSL.

In 2017, more elements to the memorial were added including groups of silhouetted figures representing Australian soldiers, and more than forty battle markers.

Since it opened, the Centenary of ANZAC Memorial Precinct has been used for annual Anzac Day and Remembrance Day services, with more than 5000 people attending the dawn service on 25 April 2018. The landmark is popular with visitors to the town and many community groups often attend the memorial for educational purposes.

Queensland country musician Tony Cook filmed parts of the music video for his single "Country Recognised" at the memorial.

Main Beach foreshore
In 2016, it was announced the Emu Park foreshore at Main Beach would be extensively redeveloped in three stages of the Emu Park Village and Foreshore Revitalisation.

Works on the $4.62m project began in 2017 which included upgrading the Main Beach and surf club carparks, installing new barbeques, electrical works, street beautification, replacing the QCWA rotunda, and new play equipment.

Five colourful emu statues designed by local artist Bill Gannon were unveiled on 7 April 2021. However, soon after the statues were installed there were damaged in an act of vandalism which was described by Livingstone mayor Andy Ireland as "disgraceful".

Heritage trail
In 2019, a 2.5 kilometre heritage trail incorporating 20 separate historical locations was established in the town with steel emu sculptures identifying the sites with information boards which include QR codes linked to the trail's website.

The trail was jointly funded by the Lions Club of Emu Park, Livingstone Shire Council and the Australian Government.

title: Emu Park, Queensland


text:
Berkut

Berkut may refer to:

 * Asian golden eagle or berkut, a bird of prey
 * Berkut (special police force), the former special units of the Ukrainian police and current units of the Russian Crimean police
 * The Berkut, a 1987 novel by Joseph Heywood
 * S-25 Berkut, a Russian surface-to-air missile system known to NATO as the SA-1 Guild
 * Su-47 Berkut, a Russian experimental supersonic jet fighter developed by Sukhoi
 * Berkut, a radar reported to be used on the Il-38 and Tu-142 aircraft for antisubmarine warfare
 * Berkut 360, a US home-built aircraft
 * Berkut Air, an airline based in Almaty, Kazakhstan
 * Berkut rifle, a semi-automatic hunting rifle designed and manufactured in Russia
 * Berkut spacesuit, a Soviet space suit developed in 1964–1965
 * Kresta I-class cruiser or Berkut, a surface warfare guided missile cruiser
 * Kresta II-class cruiser or Berkut, an anti-submarine guided missile cruiser
 * Berkut Group, a fictional organization in Bionic Woman
 * Berkut, Russian oil platform in the Okhotsk Sea
 * , a Russian helicopter
 * HC Berkut, a Ukrainian professional ice hockey team
 * HC Berkut-Kyiv, a Ukrainian ice hockey team from 1997 to 2002
 * Berkut Stadium, a football stadium
 * Berkut, an antagonist from Fire Emblem Echoes: Shadows of Valentia

People with the surname

 * Arthur Berkut (born 1962), Russian singer
 * Nataliya Berkut (born 1975), Ukrainian long-distance runner

title: Berkut


text: User talk:152.163.252.196

title: User talk:152.163.252.196


text:
Talk:Norfolk Island

Official name in local language
The link to the Broadcasting Act which was being used to support the claim that it's the "Teratri of", rather than "Teratri a'" in the local language is possibly not the most useful thing, as it looks to have been accidentally left out of the translation into the local language. As per the PDF, the local rendering of the purpose of the Act runs "Wan Aekt laanen wathing wi haew duu...", where "Haew duu" translates the English "Concerning" and is derived from "Have [to] do". Therefore, the sound of "v" in "have" is rendered as a "w" sound in Norfuk, which is the same sound as the "f" in "of". Admittedly there's also "tiivi" in the same text, but that's a more recent coining. I know there's an outline of Norfuk phonology in Buffett, which I've cited, but my copy's with someone else at the moment so I can only point in the general direction of the book, rather than specifically to the page. BigHaz - Schreit mich an

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 15:16, 23 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Norfolk Island Product Exports (2019).svg

title: Talk:Norfolk Island


text:
John Savage

John Savage may refer to:

Arts and entertainment

 * John Savage (engraver) (fl. 1690–1700), printseller in London
 * John Savage (author) (1673–1747), English clergyman and scholar
 * John Savage (Fenian) (1828–1888), poet, journalist and author
 * John Savage (actor) (born 1949), actor
 * John the Savage, a character in the novel Brave New World
 * John Savage, central character in the novel The Meadows of the Moon by James Hilton
 * Jon Savage (born 1953), writer, broadcaster and music journalist

Military

 * Sir John Savage (soldier) (1444–1492), knight and military commander
 * John Savage (died 1586), soldier and co-conspirator in the 1586 Babington Plot to assassinate Elizabeth I of England
 * Sir John Boscawen Savage (1760–1843), Royal Marines officer served as head of the Royal Marines

Politics

 * John Savage (died 1615), landowner, MP for Cheshire in 1586 and 1589
 * John Savage, 2nd Earl Rivers (1603–1654), royalist and nobleman from Cheshire
 * John Savage (American politician, born 1779) (1779–1863), Congressman from New York
 * John Savage (Irish politician) (1814–1883), mayor of Belfast, Ireland (now Northern Ireland)
 * John Houston Savage (1815–1904), Congressman from Tennessee
 * John S. Savage (1841–1884), Congressman from Ohio
 * John J. Savage (1910–1973), American politician, Florida House of Representatives
 * John Savage (Nova Scotia politician) (1932–2003), doctor and Premier of Nova Scotia
 * John Savage (British Columbia politician) (1936–2018), Member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia

Science

 * John Savage (surveyor), 18th century surveyor for Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron
 * John Savage (surgeon) (1770–1838), English naval surgeon and travel writer on the Antipodes
 * John L. Savage (1879–1967), American civil engineer and United States Bureau of Reclamation design chief
 * John E. Savage, computer scientist and Brown University professor

Sports

 * John Savage (cricketer) (1929–2008), English cricketer
 * Jack Savage (English footballer) (1929–2009), English goalkeeper
 * John Savage (English footballer) (1867–1951), English footballer
 * Jack Savage (Gaelic footballer), Kerry player
 * Jack Savage (born 1964), baseball player
 * John Savage (baseball) (born 1965), baseball head coach
 * Savage Arena, formerly John F. Savage Hall, basketball arena for University of Toledo
 * John Savage, onetime ring name of John Hindley (born 1965), British retired professional wrestler

title: John Savage