text:
Madhouse, Inc.

Madhouse, Inc. (株式会社マッドハウス) is a Japanese animation studio founded in 1972 by ex–Mushi Pro staff, including Masao Maruyama, Osamu Dezaki, and Yoshiaki Kawajiri.

Madhouse has created and helped to produce many well-known shows, OVAs and films, starting with TV anime series Ace o Nerae! (produced by Tokyo Movie Shinsha) in 1973, and including Wicked City, Ninja Scroll, Perfect Blue, Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust, Trigun, Di Gi Charat, Black Lagoon, Death Note, Paprika, Wolf Children, Parasyte: The Maxim, the first season of One-Punch Man, the second adaptation of Hunter X Hunter, Overlord and Frieren: Beyond Journey's End. Unlike other studios founded at this time such as AIC and J.C.Staff, their strength was and is primarily in TV shows and theatrical features. Expanding from the initial Mushi Pro staff, Madhouse recruited important directors such as Morio Asaka, Masayuki Kojima, and Satoshi Kon during the 1990s. Their staff roster expanded in the 2000s to include Mamoru Hosoda, Takeshi Koike, and Mitsuo Iso, as well as many younger television directors. The studio was also responsible for the first Beyblade anime series as well as the Dragon Drive anime and the 2011 anime adaptation of Hunter × Hunter.

The studio often collaborates with known manga artists, including Naoki Urasawa and Clamp. Madhouse produced adaptations of Urasawa's Yawara!, Master Keaton and Monster, with Masayuki Kojima helming the latter two. The company has animated a number of CLAMP's titles, including Tokyo Babylon, two versions of X (a theatrical movie and a TV series), Cardcaptor Sakura and its sequel Clear Card, and Chobits.

History
Madhouse was established in 1972 by ex–Mushi Production animators, including Masao Maruyama, Osamu Dezaki, and Yoshiaki Kawajiri, with funding from Yutaka Fujioka, the founder of Tokyo Movie, and co-produced its earliest series with Tokyo Movie. In February 2004, Madhouse became a subsidiary of Index Corporation. On February 8, 2011, Nippon TV became Madhouse's primary stockholder (replacing Index Corporation), via a third-party allocation of new shares. NTV bought 128,667 new shares (each ¥7,772) issued by Madhouse for ¥999,999,924 total (about $12.4 million), raising its stake in the company from 10.4% to 84.5%. Index Corporation's stake in Madhouse fell from 60.91% to 10.54%. In January 2012, Madhouse announced their acquisition of the animation rights to the Peanuts comic strip. In March 2014, NTV bought all the shares belonging to Index Corporation, increasing its stake in Madhouse to 95%.

Presidents

 * Yasuo Oda (1972–1980)
 * Masao Maruyama (1980–2000; also COO from 2000 to 2011)
 * Jungoo Murata (2000–2009)
 * Hiroyuki Okada (2010–2015)
 * Masahiro Takahashi (2015–2020; also former chairman and board member)
 * Sanae Tashiro (2021–)

Others

 * Tsuneo Takayama (former board member)
 * Ren Iwasawa (former auditor)

Business
The studio employs approximately 70 employees, with employment levels varying depending on the number of productions currently underway. Additionally, the company has invested in the animation studio DR Movie. Madhouse has a subsidiary, Madbox Co., Ltd., that mainly focuses on computer graphics.

1973–2000

 * Aim for the Ace! (1973–1974, co-animated with Tokyo Movie)
 * Gamba no Bōken (1975, co-animated with Tokyo Movie)
 * Manga Sekai Mukashi Banashi (1976–1979)
 * Jetter Mars (1977, co-animated with Toei Animation)
 * Nobody's Boy: Remi (1977–1978, co-animated with Tokyo Movie)
 * Treasure Island (1978–1979, co-animated with Tokyo Movie)
 * Galactic Patrol Lensman (1984–1985, co-animated with Tatsunoko Productions)
 * Yawara! (1989–1992)
 * Yu Yu Hakusho: Ghost Files (1992-1995, co-animated with Studio Pierrot)
 * DNA² (1994, co-animated with Studio Deen)
 * Montana Jones (1994-1995)
 * Azuki-chan (1995–1998)
 * Trigun (1998)
 * Cardcaptor Sakura (1998–2000)
 * Master Keaton (1998–2000)
 * Bomberman B-Daman Bakugaiden (1998–1999)
 * Super Doll Licca-chan (1998–1999)
 * Pet Shop of Horrors (1999)
 * Jubei-chan: The Secret of the Lovely Eyepatch (1999)
 * Di Gi Charat (1999–2001)
 * Reign: The Conqueror (1999)
 * Magic User's Club (1999)
 * Bomberman B-Daman Bakugaiden V (1999–2000)

2000s

 * Boogiepop Phantom (2000)
 * Carried by the Wind: Tsukikage Ran (2000)
 * Hidamari no Ki (2000)
 * Sakura Wars (2000)
 * Hajime no Ippo: The Fighting! (2000–2002)
 * Beyblade (2001)
 * Galaxy Angel (2001–2004)
 * Shingu: Secret of the Stellar Wars (2001)
 * Chance Pop Session (2001)
 * Magical Meow Meow Taruto (2001)
 * X (2001–2002)
 * Aquarian Age: Sign for Evolution (2002)
 * Chobits (2002)
 * Magical Shopping Arcade Abenobashi (2002)
 * Pita-Ten (2002)
 * Dragon Drive (2002–2003)
 * Hanada Shōnen Shi (2002–2003)
 * Panyo Panyo Di Gi Charat (2002)
 * Rizelmine (2002, co-animated with IMAGIN)
 * Mirage of Blaze (2002)
 * Ninja Scroll: The Series (2003)
 * Texhnolyze (2003)
 * Gungrave (2003–2004)
 * Gunslinger Girl (2003–2004)
 * Uninhabited Planet Survive! (2003–2004, co-animated with Telecom Animation Film)
 * Di Gi Charat Nyo! (2003–2004)
 * Gokusen (2004)
 * Jubei-chan: The Counter Attack of Siberia Yagyu (2004)
 * Paranoia Agent (2004)
 * Tenjho Tenge (2004)
 * Monster (2004–2005)
 * BECK: Mongolian Chop Squad (2004–2005)
 * Black Jack (2004-2006)
 * Sweet Valerian (2004)
 * Strawberry 100% (2005)
 * Akagi (2005–2006)
 * Paradise Kiss (2005)
 * Oku-sama wa Joshi Kōsei (2005)
 * Kiba (2006–2007)
 * Strawberry Panic! (2006)
 * NANA (2006–2007)
 * The Story of Saiunkoku (2006–2008)
 * Black Lagoon (2006)
 * Yume Tsukai (2006)
 * Otogi-Jūshi Akazukin (2006–2007)
 * Kemonozume (2006)
 * Death Note (2006–2007)
 * Tokyo Tribe 2 (2006–2007)
 * Claymore (2007)
 * Oh! Edo Rocket (2007)
 * Princess Resurrection (2007)
 * Dennō Coil (2007)
 * Devil May Cry: The Animated Series (2007)
 * Shigurui (2007)
 * Gyakkyō Burai Kaiji (2007–2008)
 * Neuro: Supernatural Detective (2007–2008)
 * Mokke (2007–2008)
 * MapleStory (2007–2008)
 * Ani*Kuri15 (animated sequence) (2007–2008)
 * Chi's Sweet Home (2008–2009)
 * Allison & Lillia (2008)
 * Kamen no Maid Guy (2008)
 * Top Secret ~The Revelation~ (2008)
 * Kaiba (2008)
 * Ultraviolet: Code 044 (2008)
 * Casshern Sins (2008–2009)
 * Kurozuka (2008)
 * Mōryō no Hako (2008)
 * One Outs (2008–2009)
 * Stitch! (2008–2010)
 * Chaos;Head (2008)
 * Hajime no Ippo: New Challenger (2009)
 * Rideback (2009)
 * Sōten Kōro (2009)
 * Needless (2009)
 * Kobato (2009–2010)
 * Aoi Bungaku (2009)

2010s

 * Rainbow: Nisha Rokubō no Shichinin (2010)
 * The Tatami Galaxy (2010)
 * Highschool of the Dead (2010)
 * Marvel Anime (2010–2011)
 * Gyakkyō Burai Kaiji: Hakairoku-hen (2011)
 * Hunter × Hunter (2011–2014)
 * Chihayafuru (2011–2020)
 * The Ambition of Oda Nobuna (2012, co-animated with Studio Gokumi)
 * Btooom! (2012)
 * Photo Kano (2013)
 * Sunday Without God (2013)
 * Hajime no Ippo: Rising (2013–2014, co-animated with MAPPA)
 * Ace of Diamond (2013–2016, co-animated with Production I.G)
 * Magical Warfare (2014)
 * The Irregular at Magic High School (2014)
 * No Game No Life (2014)
 * Hanayamata (2014)
 * Parasyte -the maxim- (2014–2015)
 * Death Parade (2015)
 * My Love Story!! (2015)
 * Overlord (2015)
 * One-Punch Man (2015)
 * Prince of Stride: Alternative (2016)
 * Alderamin on the Sky (2016)
 * All Out!! (2016–2017, co-animated with TMS Entertainment)
 * ACCA: 13-Territory Inspection Dept. (2017)
 * Marvel Future Avengers (2017)
 * Overlord II (2018)
 * A Place Further than the Universe (2018)
 * Overlord III (2018)
 * Cardcaptor Sakura: Clear Card (2018)
 * Okko's Inn (2018)
 * Mr. Tonegawa: Middle Management Blues (2018)
 * Boogiepop and Others (2019)
 * Ace of Diamond Act II (2019–2020)
 * Afterlost (2019)
 * No Guns Life (2019–2020)

2020s

 * Sonny Boy (2021)
 * The Vampire Dies in No Time (2021–2023)
 * Takt Op. Destiny (2021, co-animated with MAPPA)
 * Overlord IV (2022)
 * Police in a Pod (2022)
 * Bibliophile Princess (2022)
 * My Love Story with Yamada-kun at Lv999 (2023)
 * The Gene of AI (2023)
 * Frieren: Beyond Journey's End (2023–2024)
 * Trillion Game (2024)
 * Orb: On the Movements of the Earth (2024)

Television Specials

 * Natsufuku no Shōjo-tachi (August 7, 1988)
 * Hiroshima ni Ichiban Densha ga Hashitta (August 6, 1993)
 * Yawara! Special - Zutto Kimi no Koto ga (July 19, 1996)
 * Di Gi Charat - Summer Special 2000 (August 22, 2000 – August 23, 2000)
 * Di Gi Charat - Christmas Special (December 16, 2000)
 * Di Gi Charat - Ohanami Special (April 6, 2001)
 * Di Gi Charat - Natsuyasumi Special (August 2, 2001 – August 3, 2001)
 * Di Gi Charat - Tsuyu Special (August 25, 2001)
 * Hajime no Ippo - Champion Road (June 25, 2003)
 * A Spirit of the Sun (September 17 – 18, 2006)
 * Ani*Kuri 15 (May 7 – December 10, 2007, animated the two of the fifteen segments, "Sancha (The Aromatic Tea) Blues" and "Good Morning", respectively)
 * Death Note: Relight - Visions of a God (August 31, 2007)
 * Death Note: Relight 2 - L's Successors (August 22, 2008)
 * Megumi to Taiyō: Kajū Gummi Tweet Love Story (May 11, 2011)
 * Megumi to Taiyō II: Kajū Gummi Tweet Mystery (February 24, 2012, co-animated with MAPPA)
 * Megumi to Taiyō III: Kajū Gummi Tweet Fantasy (June 12, 2012, co-animated with MAPPA)

Film
Madhouse's early theatrical work included assistance on the Barefoot Gen films, and Lensman, an anime movie based on the space opera series by pulp science fiction author E.E. "Doc" Smith.

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, director Yoshiaki Kawajiri produced a string of action films including Wicked City, Demon City Shinjuku, and Ninja Scroll.

In the late 1990s, the studio aimed at a younger female audience with Morio Asaka's two Cardcaptor Sakura films, based on the popular television series.

In the early 2000s, an ambitious collaboration with Tezuka Productions resulted in Metropolis, directed by Rintaro and adapted from the manga by Osamu Tezuka. Earlier collaborations with Tezuka productions included two feature-length films made for Sanrio starring Tezuka's unicorn character Unico.

Director Satoshi Kon produced all four of his films with the studio: Perfect Blue, Millennium Actress, Tokyo Godfathers, and Paprika, as well as his TV series Paranoia Agent. Kon was also making his fifth film the Dreaming Machine with Madhouse, although it was left incomplete at his death in 2010.

In 2003, Madhouse produced Nasu: Summer in Andalusia, which was adapted from the seinen manga Nasu by Iou Kuroda and directed by Studio Ghibli veteran Kitarō Kōsaka. Nasu was the first Japanese animated film ever selected for screening at the renowned Cannes Film Festival. Kōsaka followed up his film with an OVA sequel in 2007.

In 2006, director Mamoru Hosoda began his career with the studio by directing The Girl Who Leapt Through Time.

Recent productions included Masayuki Kojima's theatrical debut Forest of Piano (2007), Hosoda's acclaimed Summer Wars (2009), Sunao Katabuchi's Mai Mai Miracle (2009), the company's first CG animated film, Yona Yona Penguin (2009), Takeshi Koike's feature film debut Redline (2009), a theatrical version of the Trigun series, Trigun: Badlands Rumble (2010), and The Tibetan Dog, a co-production with China (2011).

The first film in the Hunter × Hunter franchise, Hunter × Hunter: Phantom Rouge premiered on January 12, 2013.

Madhouse co-produced Wolf Children (2012) with Mamoru Hosoda's Studio Chizu.

Collectively, Madhouse films have won a total of two Japan Academy Prizes, four Grand Prizes in the Animation Division at Japan Media Arts Festival, two Gertie Awards, six Mainichi Film Awards (three Ōfuji Noburō Awards, and three Animation Grand Awards), two Tokyo Anime Awards for Animation of the Year, and five Animation Kobe Feature Film Awards.

1980s

 * The Fantastic Adventures of Unico (March 14, 1981)
 * Natsu e no Tobira (March 20, 1981) (co-produced by Toei Animation)
 * Haguregumo (April 24, 1982) (co-produced by Toei Animation)
 * Harmagedon (March 12, 1983)
 * Unico in the Island of Magic (July 16, 1983)
 * Barefoot Gen (July 21, 1983)
 * Lensman: Secret of the Lens (July 7, 1984)
 * The Dagger of Kamui (March 9, 1985)
 * Barefoot Gen 2 (June 14, 1986)
 * Phoenix: Karma Chapter (December 20, 1986)
 * Toki no Tabibito: Time Stranger (December 20, 1986)
 * Hoero! Bun Bun (April 4, 1987)
 * Wicked City (April 25, 1987)
 * Neo Tokyo (September 25, 1987)
 * Twilight of the Cockroaches (November 21, 1987)
 * Legend of the Galactic Heroes: My Conquest is the Sea of Stars (February 6, 1988) (co-produced by Artland)
 * My Neighbor Totoro (April 16, 1988) (co-animated with Studio Ghibli)

1990s

 * A Wind Named Amnesia (December 22, 1990)
 * Urusei Yatsura: Always, My Darling (August 18, 1991)
 * Yawara! Soreyuke Koshinuke Kids!! (August 1, 1992)
 * Ocean Waves (May 5, 1993) (co-animated with Studio Ghibli)
 * Ninja Scroll (June 5, 1993)
 * Rail of the Star (July 10, 1993)
 * Kattobase! Dreamers ―Carp Tanjō Monogatari― (January 22, 1994)
 * Anne no Nikki (August 19, 1995)
 * Memories (segment Stink Bomb) (December 23, 1995)
 * X (August 3, 1996)
 * Black Jack: The Movie (November 30, 1996)
 * Perfect Blue (August 5, 1997)
 * Clover (August 21, 1999)
 * Cardcaptor Sakura: The Movie (August 21, 1999)

2000s

 * Cardcaptor Sakura Movie 2: The Sealed Card (July 15, 2000)
 * Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust (April 21, 2001)
 * Metropolis (May 26, 2001)
 * Spirited Away (July 20, 2001, co-animated with Studio Ghibli)
 * Millennium Actress (July 28, 2001)
 * Di Gi Charat - A Trip to the Planet (December 22, 2001)
 * WXIII: Patlabor the Movie 3 (March 30, 2002)
 * Hajime no Ippo: Champion Road (April 18, 2003)
 * Tokyo Godfathers (November 8, 2003)
 * Nasu: Summer in Andalusia (December 21, 2003)
 * Howl's Moving Castle (November 20, 2004, co-animated with Studio Ghibli)
 * The Girl Who Leapt Through Time (July 15, 2006)
 * Tales from Earthsea (July 29, 2006, co-animated with Studio Ghibli)
 * Paprika (November 25, 2006)
 * Bleach: Memories of Nobody (December 16, 2006, co-animated with Toho Company and Pierrot)
 * Highlander: The Search for Vengeance (June 5, 2007)
 * Forest of Piano (July 21, 2007)
 * Cinnamon the Movie (December 22, 2007)
 * Bleach: The DiamondDust Rebellion (December 22, 2007, co-animated with Toho Company and Pierrot)
 * Hells (October 18, 2008)
 * Summer Wars (August 1, 2009)
 * Redline (August 21, 2009)
 * Mai Mai Miracle (November 21, 2009)
 * Yona Yona Penguin (December 23, 2009)

2010s

 * Trigun: Badlands Rumble (April 24, 2010)
 * The Secret World of Arrietty (July 15, 2010, co-animated with Studio Ghibli)
 * The Tibetan Dog (July 15, 2011)
 * The Princess and the Pilot (October 1, 2011, co-animated with TMS Entertainment)
 * Wolf Children (July 21, 2012, co-animated with Studio Chizu)
 * Hunter × Hunter: Phantom Rouge (January 12, 2013)
 * Death Billiards (March 2, 2013)
 * Hunter × Hunter: The Last Mission (December 27, 2013)
 * No Game, No Life Zero (July 15, 2017)
 * Kimi no Koe wo Todoketai (August 25, 2017)
 * Okko's Inn Movie (June 11, 2018, co-produced with DLE)

2020s

 * Goodbye, Don Glees! (February 18, 2022)
 * Gold Kingdom and Water Kingdom (January 27, 2023)

OVAs
(These also include some outsourced productions)

1980s

 * Wounded Man (1986–1988)
 * Phoenix: Yamato Chapter (1987)
 * Phoenix: Space Chapter (1987)
 * Bride of Deimos (1988)
 * Demon City Shinjuku (1988)
 * Kaze wo Nuke! (1988)
 * Fairy King (1988)
 * Goku Midnight Eye (1989)

1990s

 * Eguchi Hisashi no Nantoka Narudesho! (1990)
 * Nineteen 19 (1990)
 * Cyber City Oedo 808 (1990–1991)
 * Record of Lodoss War (1990–1991)
 * Devil Hunter Yohko (1990–1995)
 * Doomed Megalopolis (1991–1992)
 * Urusei Yatsura (OVA's 10 and 11) (1991)
 * Tokyo Babylon (1992–1994)
 * Zetsuai 1989 (1992–1994)
 * Download: Devil's Circuit (1992)
 * Battle Angel (1993)
 * Mermaid's Scar (1993)
 * The Cockpit (Slipstream segment, 1993)
 * Black Jack (1993-2011)
 * Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals (1994)
 * Phantom Quest Corp. (1994–1995)
 * Clamp in Wonderland (1994–2007)
 * Spirit Warrior (1994)
 * DNA² (1995, co-animated with Studio Deen)
 * Bio Hunter (1995)
 * Birdy the Mighty (1996–1997)
 * Psycho Diver: Soul Siren (1997)
 * Night Warriors: Darkstalkers' Revenge (1997–1998)
 * Twilight of the Dark Master (1997)

2000s

 * 48x61 (2002)
 * Space Pirate Captain Herlock: The Endless Odyssey (2002–2003)
 * Trava: Fist Planet (2003)
 * The Animatrix (2003, co-animated with Studio 4°C, DNA Productions, Square USA)
 * Hajime no Ippo: Mashiba vs. Kimura (2003)
 * Lament of the Lamb (2003–2004)
 * Aquarian Age: The Movie (2003)
 * Di Gi Charat Theater - Leave it to Pyoko! (2003)
 * Tsuki no Waltz (2004)
 * Otogi-Jūshi Akazukin (2005)
 * Last Order: Final Fantasy VII (2005)
 * Strawberry 100% (2005)
 * Nasu: A Migratory Bird with Suitcase (2007)
 * Batman: Gotham Knight (2008, co-animated with Studio 4°C, Bee Train Production, Production I.G, Warner Bros. Animation)
 * Hellsing Ultimate (V–VII) (2008–2009)

2010s

 * Black Lagoon: Roberta's Blood Trail (2010–2011)
 * Supernatural: The Anime Series (2011)
 * Highschool of the Dead: Drifters of the Dead (2011)
 * Arata-naru Sekai (2012)
 * Iron Man: Rise of Technovore (2013)
 * Chihayafuru 2: Waga Mi Yo ni Furu Nagame Seshi Ma ni (2013)
 * Avengers Confidential: Black Widow and Punisher (2014)
 * One-Punch Man: Road to Hero (2015)
 * Cardcaptor Sakura: Clear Card Prologue (2017)

2020s

 * ACCA: 13-Territory Inspection Dept. - Regards (2020)

Video games

 * Sol-Feace (1991)
 * Earnest Evans (1991)
 * Annet Futatabi (1993)
 * Wild Arms (1996)
 * Solatorobo: Red the Hunter (2010)
 * Persona 2: Eternal Punishment (intro sequence) (2012)
 * Persona 4 Golden (intro sequence) (2012)
 * Persona 4 Arena (intro sequence) (2012)
 * Etrian Odyssey Untold: The Millennium Girl (2013)
 * Etrian Odyssey 2 Untold: The Fafnir Knight (2014)
 * Echoes of Mana (trailer) (2022)

Collaborations
Madhouse designed the characters for Hudson Soft's game Virus (the first installment of the Virus Buster Serge franchise). Madhouse worked with Square Enix on the OVA Last Order: Final Fantasy VII as well as Capcom for the mini series of Devil May Cry: The Animated Series.

They collaborated with Studio Ghibli by contributing animation to Hayao Miyazaki's My Neighbor Totoro (1988), Spirited Away (2001), Howl's Moving Castle (2004), and The Secret World of Arrietty (2010), as well as Tomomi Mochizuki's I Can Hear the Sea (1993) and Goro Miyazaki's Tales from Earthsea (2006).

Madhouse also collaborated with Disney for the anime Stitch! for its first and second arcs (equal to 56 episodes total), between 2008 and 2010. They also animated the intro cutscene to PlayStation video game Wild Arms and the opening movie to PlayStation Vita video game Persona 4 Golden (Persona 4: The Golden in Japan), along with opening to the PSP remake of Persona 2: Eternal Punishment.

Madhouse collaborated with professional rapper Snoop Dogg in the 2006 horror-comedy anthology movie Hood of Horror, in which they assisted in the animated sections of the movie. They also worked with the Wachowskis and other famed Japanese animators and studios to create The Animatrix, an animated anthology adaptation of the Matrix franchise; Madhouse particularly worked on its short films "Program" and "World Record."

Madhouse collaborated with Marvel Entertainment and Sony Pictures to create adaptations of Blade, Iron Man, Wolverine and X-Men, and then again with Marvel Entertainment, Disney+, and Walt Disney Japan to create an adaptation of the Avengers. Conversely, they worked with Marvel's rival company, DC Entertainment, Warner Premiere, and Warner Brothers to create an anthology adaptation of Batman. Madhouse had also worked with Warner Brothers and Sony on separate occasions to create adaptations of Ultraviolet and Supernatural. Additionally, they were commissioned by Top Cow Productions, an imprint of Image Comics, to provide an anime adaptation of Aphrodite IX. However, the project was suddenly canceled without any explanation.

2010 also saw the publication of Devil, a manga intended specifically for the American market; the property is a collaboration with Dark Horse Comics, and is written and drawn by Torajiro Kishi.

Madhouse also participated in animating the Wakfu TV special Ogrest, la légende in collaboration with Ankama Japan.

Foreign production history
In addition to Madhouse creating anime of Western media, they were also responsible for making a few notable American cartoons, particularly through collaborations with Western companies such as Hanna-Barbera, Film Roman, and HBO.
 * The Pirates of Dark Water (ダークウォーターの海賊) (February 25, 1991 – May 23, 1993) (co-animated with Hanna-Barbera with Fil-Cartoons, Wang Film Productions, Tama Production, Big Star, Kennedy Cartoons, and Mr. Big Cartoons)
 * The Adventures of T-Rex (T-レックス) (1992–1993) (co-animated with C&D (Créativité et Développement), Gunther-Wahl Productions, and Kitty Films)
 * Street Fighter (ストリートファイター) (October 21, 1995 – May 14, 1997) (co-production with InVision Entertainment, Graz Entertainment, USA Studios and Sunrise)
 * Wing Commander Academy (ウイング・コマンダー・アカデミー) (September 21 – December 21, 1996) (co-animated with Universal Animation Studios)
 * Todd McFarlane's Spawn (トッド・マクファーレンのスポーン) (May 16, 1997 – May 28, 1999) (co-animated with HBO Animation, Todd McFarlane Entertainment, with Mook Animation, DR Movie, and Koko Enterprises Ltd.)
 * X-Men: Evolution (X-メン:進化論) (November 4, 2000 – October 25, 2003) (co-animated with Film Roman, Marvel Studios, with Mook Animation, DR Movie, and WHITE LINE)
 * Hood of Horror (恐怖のフード) (November 4, 2006) (co-production with Social Capital Films, BloodWorks, and Snoopadelic Films; animated prologue and sequences only)
 * Hellboy Animated (ヘルボーイアニメ化) (October 28, 2006 – March 10, 2007) (co-animated with Film Roman, Revolution Studios, and Starz Distribution)
 * Hulk Vs. Wolverine (ハルク対ウルヴァリン) (January 27, 2009) (co-animated with Marvel Animation and MOI Animation)
 * Hulk Vs. Thor (ハルク対トール) (January 27, 2009) (co-animated with Marvel Animation and MOI Animation)
 * Planet Hulk (プラネットハルク) (February 2, 2010) (co-animated with Marvel Animation and MOI Animation)
 * The Boondocks (ブーンドックス) (November 6, 2005 – June 23, 2014) (co-animated with Dong Woo Animation, MOI Animation, JM Animation, Studio Mir, and Lotto Animation; uncredited)
 * Wakfu (ワクフ) (October 30, 2008 – present) (co-animated with Ankama, France Télévisions, Frakas Productions, and Pictanovo)

title: Madhouse, Inc.


text:
University Bridge (Seattle)

The University Bridge is a double-leaf bascule bridge in Seattle, Washington that carries Eastlake Avenue traffic over Portage Bay between Eastlake to the south and the University District to the north. It opened on July 1, 1919, and was extensively rebuilt from 1932 to 1933. It is included in the National Register of Historic Places.

History
The bridge opened in 1919 under the name of Eastlake Avenue Bridge (also then known as the Tenth Avenue Northeast Bridge). It got its current and proper name on June 30, 1919.

By 1930, the bridge had begun to deteriorate enough for an extensive refit to be ordered: the timber trestle approaches were replaced with ones made out of concrete and steel, the control towers were rebuilt, and the wooden paving was replaced by the first application of open steel-mesh grating in the United States. Wooden paving had to be replaced every ten years or so; the steel-mesh grating has been replaced once, in 1990. The reconstructed bridge was opened April 7, 1933.

All three double-leaf bascule bridges (Ballard, Fremont, and University) were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

In 2014 its electronics were refitted. During especially hot summer days, the University Bridge need daily dousings with cool water to avoid expanding so much that they bind.

Sinkhole
On May 2, 2007, a 24 in water main broke near the south end of the University Bridge, creating a 10 ft sinkhole forcing the closure of the bridge. The sinkhole also swallowed two unoccupied parked cars. The water main break compromised water quality and pressure in a large part of the Eastlake neighborhood, making tap water brown and unpotable. Many restaurants and other businesses were forced to close. There was concern for the integrity of a 40-inch main adjacent to the smaller one that broke. With the bridge closed, surface traffic between Seattle's University District and Downtown areas was heavily impacted. It was reopened on May 3, 2007, after city workers poured about 40 cubic yards of stabilizing concrete-sand slurry around the southern base of the bridge.

Occupy Seattle
On November 17, 2011, the University Bridge was shut down by demonstrators for about an hour and a half during the evening rush hour, snarling traffic around the University District. The demonstrators included Occupy Seattle protesters, students, union workers, and church leaders. The protests were part of a national Day of Action against cuts to infrastructure, health care, and education spending.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: University Bridge (Seattle)


text:
Den (comics)

Den is the name of two identical sword and planet fictional characters created by Richard Corben. The first appeared in the 1968 animated short film Neverwhere. The second has been appearing comics since 1973, and in short stories that have been collected for the most part in trade paperbacks.

The second Den also appeared in the animated film Heavy Metal voiced by John Candy.

Publication history
Corben created Den as the protagonist of a film short titled Neverwhere while working at Calvin Studios, an animation company in Kansas City. The film is animated, with framing sequences filmed in live-action. Corben's boss at Calvin played the title character in the movie. He drew the whole animated sequence by hand in his spare time. His employers, impressed by his work, helped him to finish it by editing it and adding a new professional soundtrack with actors' voices. It was submitted to film festivals and won several awards, including the CINE Golden Eagle Award. The story continued in comic form from then on. Den made his comic debut in a short comic book story that appeared in Grim Wit No.2 in September 1973. Corben expanded this short story to two parts for publication in Métal Hurlant (1975–1976). He continued the story, turning it into a 12-part serial called "Den", for the first twelve issues of Heavy Metal magazine (1977–1978). He added an epilogue, "Den's Farewell", which was printed in issue No.13 (April 1978). The original story, without the epilogue, was published in the trade paperback Neverwhere (Ariel: Feb. 1978). All 13 chapters featured in the trade paperback Den: Neverwhere (Catalan: 1984).

Corben returned to Heavy Metal with a 13-part Den sequel, which ran in issues No.54 through No.72 (1981–1983). These stories were collected in the trade paperback Den 2: Muvovum (Catalan: 1984), which appeared around the same time as the complete first edition, Den: Neverwhere. Corben began self-publishing Den through his company Fantagor Press in the 1980s, beginning with Children of Fire (1987) which was later revealed to be the prequel to the Heavy Metal-era Den adventures. Corben followed this with an ongoing Den series, which did not have the full frontal nudity that was the hallmark of the original Heavy Metal strips. Corben went back to the adult content with Den Saga, which filled in some of the details between Children of Fire and Neverwhere and Muvovum.

Appearances
The short film Neverwhere (1968) was followed by short stories in the following publications:
 * Fantagor No.4 (1972) – "For the Love of a Daemon"
 * Grim Wit No.2 (1973) – "Den"
 * Heavy Metal No.1-13 (April 1977 thru April 1978) – collected in Den 1: Neverwhere
 * Heavy Metal No.54-72 (1981–1983) – collected in Den 2: Muvovum
 * Children of Fire No.1-3 (1987–1988) - collected in Den 3: Children of Fire,
 * Den ("Fantastic Adventures!") No.1-10 (1988–1989) – collected in 'Den 3: Children of Fire, Den 4: Dreams and Den 5: Elements''
 * DenSaga No.1-4 (1992–1994) (not collected in English)
 * Penthouse Comix No.15-20 (1996–1997) – "Denz" (not collected)

They have been collected in the following Den trade paperbacks:
 * Neverwhere (1978, 1985, 1991)
 * Muvovum (1984, 1991)
 * Children of Fire (1992)
 * Dreams (1992)
 * Elements (1992)

Fictional character biography
"Den" is the name of two characters: the hero featured in the short film Neverwhere; and the identical hero featured in all the subsequent comics.

First version
The first Den story, as told in the short film Neverwhere, is clearly inspired by the Edgar Rice Burroughs John Carter of Mars novels. In the beginning of the film, an office worker is shown reading the 1963 reprint of A Princess of Mars, before he is turned down for a date by a coworker and quits his job. He then builds a machine that opens a portal where a "deposed queen" beckons him to enter another world. Turning into a muscleman he fights several monsters, including four armed monsters reminiscent of Burroughs’ Green Martians. Den is then sent on a mission by the Queen to retrieve the Locnar and, after succeeding, returns home to his mundane life.

Second version
In its comic-book sequel, Den is a young man named David Ellis Norman. Following directions left for him on a note and a diagram from his missing uncle Dan, David builds another electronic apparatus. The apparatus opens a gateway to a fantasy world named "Neverwhere", where he was transformed into a hairless, nude, muscular, and prodigiously endowed adventurer. Confused by his strange trip, he can only remember the acronym of his real name (DEN), and begins calling himself "Den". In his Earth incarnation, David had found a letter in one of the fantasy novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs left to him by his uncle Dan. Some images from the Neverwhere film are recreated in the first volume of Den as flashbacks.

Shortly after his arrival he meets an evil nude masked woman, known as the Red Queen (perhaps a reference to the character in Through the Looking-Glass) who seems to know Den and is about to sacrifice her doppelgänger Kath to Uhluhtc. After being rescued by Den, Kath reveals to him that, on Earth, she is a frail novelist called Katherine Wells (a reference to H. G. Wells, whose second wife was named Catherine). Kath is a native of London who, in 1892, was drawn to Neverwhere when she found another doorway after following the will o' the wisp while wandering through some marshes. Like Den, she was transformed when she arrived to Neverwhere, in her case into a voluptuous, large breasted nude woman who was immediately captured by the Red Queen (who had created the portal to bring her to Neverwhere). Kath has a much better recollection of her former life than Den, but doesn't wish to return because she feels she is not only healthier but "more of a woman" in the new land. Like Den, she is completely nude and hairless except for her blond bob hairstyle.

According to Jan Strnad's introduction to Denz, "The saga of Den's exploits... lusty and brawling, brimming with magic, intrigue, horror and betrayal... spanned generations and filled many exotic volumes. Now in his declining years, Den lives in a NeverWhere far different from the one he entered. Thanks to his magical Locnar, Den has brought peace and prosperity to his adoptive world. Meanwhile, on Earth, Denzel Easton Norman seeks to follow in his brother's footsteps...."

Characters
The identification of the main characters of the series is complicated because they often change their name, drastically change morphologies, have identical doubles (also both Dens have the same name), and either forget, or do not acknowledge, previous encounters. Most problematically they also radically change personalities and relationships between the chapters in the story. An extreme case is Kil, who is consecutively portrayed as a noble sexless warrior, a maternal caretaker of an embryo, a lustful lover, a deposed queen with magical powers, an evil witch who engages in human sacrifice, a ruthless tyrant who burns down a city, a fraudulent heroic adventurer, etc. According to Corben, this is due to Kil's psychotic schizophrenia.

The protagonists are basically two identical men — Den (the first) and Den (the second) — and two identical women — Kil and Kath. They are all known by several other aliases:
 * Den (first) a.k.a. Mal, Uncle Dan, Daniel Norman. First appeared in Neverwhere the Movie.
 * Den (second) a.k.a. David Ellis Norman, Dav. First appeared in Grim Wit No.2.
 * Kil a.k.a. the Queen, the Red Queen. First appeared (as the Queen) in Neverwhere the Movie.
 * Kath a.k.a. Katherine Wells. First appeared in Heavy Metal No.4.

The main secondary recurring characters are:
 * Zeg, an evil wizard/warlord. Father of Scon. First appeared in Heavy Metal No.13.
 * Zomuk, Zeg's demon slave. First appeared in Fantagor No.4.
 * Pucca, Zeg's slave cook. Mate of Mal. First appeared in Children of Fire No.2.
 * Gel, the simian humanoid leader of a revolt against the Red Queen. First appeared in Neverwhere the Movie.
 * Scon, son of Zeg, also a wizard/warlord. First appeared in Heavy Metal No.55.
 * Sienna, an Indian girl with mental powers. She has a giant lizard named Pthalo. First appeared in Grim Wit No.2.
 * Zandor and Wyn, blue humanoid father and daughter. First appeared in Heavy Metal No.65.
 * Queen Ryllia, the human/fish hybrid queen of Ichthya, an underwater city. First appeared in Den No.5.

Chronology of the stories
Den's adventures follow a complex and sometimes contradictory course of events. Some of the chapters of the story have been told in extended flashbacks, dreams, and visions. This is the order of the stories so far. There are three large gaps between the stories with adventures that have yet to be told.

 * Possible prequel: "For the Love of a Daemon" (Fantagor No.4, 1972). A sorcerer named Vermian and his demon slave Zomuk live in a castle and kidnap a voluptuous girl named Merya to sacrifice to the dark god Uhluhtc. At the end, Vermian is killed by Zomuk.
 * Den 3: Children of Fire (1989). The planet Zomere is inhabited by an eusocial species similar to humans but oviparous. A breeding queen rules them. Females are non-sexual muscular warriors called Kils or workers called Works, and males are called Mals. After an attack by giant spiders the dying queen sends a Kil, a pre-queen simply named "Kil", to found a new colony in Dremurth (Neverwhere) bringing with her Mals, Works, and eggs to seek the "Magic Scepter" (the Locnar). The ship crashes and only Kil and a skeletal Mal (named "Mal", who will become the first Den) survive. Their only remaining egg produces a human baby, the second Den. Once they land they meet Zeg, a Vermian lookalike, Zomuk and his slave cook Pucca who live in Vermian's castle from the prequel. At the end of the story, Zeg kidnaps a pregnant Pucca and the second Den, and Mal kills Zomuk.
 * DenSaga No.2-4 (1992–1993). Three or four years later, the second Den is now an infant called David, and the first Den has fully transformed into a hyper-muscular body and now calls himself Daniel, Dan, or Uncle Dan. The second Den lives in a floating island called Heaven, ruled by Zeg, with Pucca, who is raising him. Pucca is also raising a daughter she had with the first Den, named Elinorma. Kil returns also, fully transformed into a leaner body with a very large bosom. According to Corben, the radiation from her spaceship transformed Kil into a hybrid of breeding queen and warrior. By the end of the story, the first Den (Mal) leaves with Kil in pursuit of Zeg, who has kidnapped the second Den, and Pucca flees with Elinorma.
 * First untold interlude: According to Children of Fire, "The radiation triggered a genetic change in Kil. She became a powerful ruler in this planet of violence (The Red Queen). Mal and Pucca became mates and eluded Kil for a time. Their offspring (Elinorma) challenged Kil's rule between bouts of (Kil's) madness."
 * Neverwhere the Movie (1968). The first Den is now a thin, bespectacled man living on Earth. He builds a machine that opens a portal to Neverwhere. There he meets the Queen (they do not seem to know each other from when they were Kil and Mal). The Queen tells him that she is deposed and sends him on a mission to retrieve the Locnar, a magical scepter, from Gel, a humanoid monster, who declares that Den is the latest of several champions sent by the Queen. After he succeeds, the Queen returns Den to Earth in his thin form.
 * Second untold interlude: Both Dens now live on Earth where they are similar looking thin men, older and younger, and they are believed to be uncle and nephew. The first Den disappears (to Neverwhere) and this time he does not return. In the note he leaves behind, he says that his Earth body is dying on Earth of a terminal disease, and that escaping to Neverwhere permanently was his only chance for survival. Once there, "He fought Gel... saved the Queen (Neverwhere the Movie)... made love to her... and was killed... by treachery." According to Denz, he "ultimately died by the hand of the woman he loved (it is hinted it was Kil)." Seven years pass until the beginning of Den 1.
 * Den 1: Neverwhere (1978). The second Den appears in Neverwhere without any previous memories of his childhood there. He believes his uncle, the first Den, left him directions on how to recreate the machine that opens the portal to this world. There he meets the Red Queen, whom he has sex with after being captured by her; Kath (brought to Neverwhere to be sacrificed to Uhluhtc, like Merya in the prequel), whom he rescues and with whom he falls in love, having a brief idyll with her; and Gel, whom he eventually kills. He also receives a visit from the first Den, who materializes and then disappears. At the end of the story, the second Den saves Zeg (called Zek in the comic) from certain death at the hands of the Red Queen, although Den is himself captured. The Red Queen orally rapes Den, but he is ultimately rescued by Kath. During his rescue, Den fatefully chooses to save the Red Queen from falling to her death. Four years will pass until the return of the Red Queen in Den 2.

 * Den 2: Muvovum (1983). The second Den and Kath are now living in another floating island, Zegium, ruled by Zeg. Kath and the second Den return to Earth. The Red Queen appears and kills Zeg. The second Den then comes back to Neverwhere. He eventually is rejoined with a woman whom he believes to be Kath.
 * Den 4: Dreams (1992). Four or five years later, the woman whom Den believes to be Kath has left him and, depressed, he has become obese and feeble. By the end of the story, he begins to transform back into his former, muscular self.
 * Den 5: Elements (1992). Back in top, strapping shape, the second Den is reunited with a woman whom he believes to be Kath, who actually talks like she is Kil. Eventually, she is revealed to indeed be Kil, the Red Queen. She has brought Kath back to Neverwhere and when asked to choose between them, Den chooses the Red Queen. After a great explosion at the end of the story, Den is alone and unconscious and is rescued by his friends Zandor and Wyn.
 * "The Price of Memories" (DenSaga No.1, 1992), "Bog's Deal" (Heavy Metal No.141, 1992), "Mola the Mole" (Heavy Metal No.145, 1993), "The Light at the End of the Tunnel" (Heavy Metal No.149, 1994). Amnesiac, the second Den runs into Sienna, whom he met before in the opening of Grim Wit No.4. She takes care of him and helps him begin to remember his history, from the moment of birth from the egg brought to Neverwhere by Kil and Mal. Eventually, Sienna claims she has no more tales to tell him, and they part ways.
 * Third untold interlude: The second Den becomes the king of Neverwhere. By the beginning of Denz, "Thanks to his magical Locnar, Den has brought peace and prosperity to his adoptive world."
 * Denz (Penthouse Comix No.15-20, 1996–1997). Years later, the second Den is now the ruler of Neverwhere and is visited by his brother Denzel Easton Norman, incarnated into the third "almost" Den, who is called "Denz". This last part varies in tone from the rest of the story; it is a comedy and the characters are drawn more like caricatures than in any of the previous chapters. Den's and Sienna's faces are now grotesquely old.

Influences
The stories of Den are shaped by several well-known works of fiction. Sometimes the references are featured within the story itself.
 * A Princess of Mars by Edgar Rice Burroughs. The screen story of Corben's short film Neverwhere, as well as the whole concept behind its Den character, is based on the novel and its sequels, the first in Burrough's Barsoom series. The 1963 Ace Books edition of A Princess of Mars is featured in the film, and the novels are mentioned in the first Den comics story. Den gets a new body that is perfect and, like the characters in the Barsoom novels, everyone, including himself, remains naked for the entire adventure. This aspect of the story was retained in the subsequent comic versions, unlike the Burroughs’ comics adaptations. Furthermore, with the relaxed social mores for depicting sexuality arising at the time of the Den series' inception, the erotic possibilities of Neverwhere are eagerly indulged by the characters. Kil and both Dens come from a planet whose inhabitants resemble Homo sapiens in most respects, except for being oviparous, like all Barsoomian races.
 * The Wizard of Oz. As pointed out by Philip José Farmer Den, like Dorothy Gale, travels to a strange world and is sent on a mission, eventually returning to his former existence on Earth. Like Dorothy, Den is from Kansas.
 * The stories of Robert E. Howard. Before completing the first Den collection, Corben adapted a short story by Howard, "Bloodstar", where the muscular hero fought a amorphous, demonic creature, similar to Uhluhtc.
 * The tales of H. P. Lovecraft. Particularly in the first volume of Den, the presence of Uhluhtc (Cthulhu spelled backwards) is a constant theme throughout the story. Uhluhtc is also mentioned in "For the Love of a Daemon" and Children of Fire.
 * The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien. As pointed out by SidSid Keränen, the Nar stones and the scepter made from them, the Locnar, are similar to the One Ring and its corrupting power.
 * Captain Marvel (DC Comics). The transformation of a weak protagonist into an extremely developed muscleman resembles the same wish fulfillment fantasy between Billy Batson and Captain Marvel.

Critical response
Most critics have commented on the rather uneven and clichéd plot of the story and its visual power. Scholar Maurice Horn remarked that Den 1 "sounds like a lot of hokum ... but it is saved by Corben's astonishing graphic mastery and the sweep of his composition". Román Gubern considers that, "Den's brilliant experimentalism appeared tinted by a Neo-expressionist influence". Tim Pilcher calls Den "Conan on Viagra". Historian Paul Gravett thinks that "Corben's plotting may be erratic and prone to charges of sexism and cliché, but his total conviction and self-absorption in imagining this sensual dreamscape captivate and transport us there".

After analyzing all of Corben's major works, Alberto García Marcos wrote, "Den's stories seem to wander aimlessly, with a minimal plot that weaves scenes of heroism, sex and action while giving unlimited power to the imagination of the author in the design of scenes and characters and the graphic experimentation. And graphically they do have great impact, but taken as a whole ... they are more or less ... mental masturbation". Author Samuel R. Delany agrees with the importance of the visuals in Den and its basic lack of plot.

D. Aviva Rothschild wrote about the first volume, "Although coherent and interesting, the story takes second place to Corben's lush, magnificent, fully painted, animation-quality art". Rothschild believes that the only problem with the book is "the ludicrously large breasts of the two women..." but considers that Neverwhere "belongs in all adult collections...." Artist Bob Fingerman writes that, "Neverwhere is a timeless adult fantasy epic". According to the Lambiek online comiclopedia, "With 'Den', Corben had found his ideal fantasy world. Corben returned again and again to it, and an end of 'Den' is not to be foreseen".

Antonio Sánchez Rodríguez pondered Corben's comments of the character Den being his imagined alter ego, interpreting him as being conceived to oppose sexual repression through desinhibition and deliberate hypersexualization. He also commented on women's portrayal in Den, noting that although they weren't classical, strong heroines or warrior women, they are independent and capable of employing their intelligence and sexuality to triumph. They act to fulfill their own sexual desire, just like Den.

Film adaptation
The film Heavy Metal features a segment titled "Den" that adapts the first Den collection, Den 1: Neverwhere (not to be confused with the animated short of the same title). The film eliminates the Uncle Dan part of the story and incorporates a green meteorite as a portal to Neverwhere. Small details are changed (Kath is now from Gibraltar), some concessions to appease the MPAA from giving the film an "X" rating such as the main characters wearing small loin garments (which playfully disappear for the female leads in long shots and when they are not depicted frontally, leaving them fully nude), some characters and subplots are eliminated, but the segment follows the plot of the comic story fairly closely. The biggest difference is the tone: the animated segment is told in a self-referential, humorous style, with Den as an innocent teenage science enthusiast reveling in living a wild sexual fantasy with an idealized body, different from the straight forward adventure tone of the comic. In fact, the segment is similar in tone to "Denz", which makes fun of many of the absurdities of the Neverwhere premise. Den is voiced by comedic actor John Candy. To highlight the segment's humorous tone, the script has Den speaking directly to both characters and also in contrasting voice-overs. In one, he is dead serious and strong willed, matching his epic existence on Neverwhere; in the other he sounds adolescent, reflecting on his life on Earth. The rest of the voice cast consists of Jackie Burroughs as Katherine Wells, Martin Lavut as Ard, Marilyn Lightstone as the Queen, and August Schellenberg as Norl. This adaptation has been compared in its idea to The Wizard of Oz by critic Chris Hicks, who says the story is, "about two children changed into fantasy adults with a 'bring-me-the-broomstick-of-the-wicked-witch'-style mission, etc". Jack Stokes, the veteran animator of the film Yellow Submarine, was put in charge of the production.

A studio was set up in London because, according to Stokes "many animators are not good artists", meaning they are not skilled in drawing the human figure realistically, and art students were recruited to pitch in on the production. This accounts for the lack of consistency in the characters' likenesses. Corben painted the poster for the film and was asked to contribute to the production. He drew three character sheet turnarounds for Den and Kath, but these were not usable due to "inconsistencies in the construction". Still, the animators tried to recreate the look of the comic by developing several techniques to reproduce the unusual colors of Corben's artwork.

The segment was well received, even by critics who did not think much of the film. Critic Janet Maslin gave the film a positive review in The New York Times. She said, "The other highly memorable story is about a bookworm from earth who winds up on another planet, where his spindly body is transformed into that of an extraterrestrial Hercules". She also complimented John Candy's vocal performance as Den. Corben wrote about the film, "I was pleased with the Den segment of the Heavy Metal Movie. The drawings and movement seemed stiff, rough and unpolished, but the thrust and characters were right. I thought that John Candy did a great job with Den's voice."

title: Den (comics)


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Dragon Empires

Dragon Empires was a fantasy massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed by UK-based Codemasters. Its main focus was player versus player clan action to take control of 50 cities in five empires within its world.

Development
On September 20, 2001 Codemasters unveiled development of Dragon Empires and initially slated it to launch in October 2002. The game received enthusiastic response from gamers, with 120,000 signing up to beta-test the game. Reviewers also appreciated the game for its graphics and gameplay. One reviewer said:"Boasting amazing graphics with a deep player-influenced world that promises to become more addictive as content is added, Dragon Empires looks promising. … if the words 'amazing graphics' and 'incredible game' were synonymous, Dragon Empires would be one of the greatest games to hit the MMORPG scene thus far." At the 2003 Electronic Entertainment Expo in Los Angeles, Codemasters demonstrated a prototype of the game engine and awed critics with breathtaking renderings of the game environment. As development progressed, the release date was pushed back multiple times, to October 2003 and then to spring 2004.

Cancellation
Codemasters revealed in September 3, 2004 that they had ceased game development citing technical issues. Three days later, Dragon Empires producer Gary Dunn explained that their server code was incapable of supporting the number of clients expected for a massively multiplayer game. This prompted a six-week review of the game's viability, which found that the cost to fix the difficulties would be high and the decision was made instead to cancel the title.

Despite the cancellation of several MMOs in 2004, Ed Relf, marketing brand manager at Codemasters maintained that the tightly packed MMORPG market was not a reason for the discontinuation. The Dragon Empires community started a petition hoping to renew development in the game. However, the game's official website was closed some time after June 17, 2005.

title: Dragon Empires


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Category:Mining

Articles and categories related to mining

title: Category:Mining


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Stella Adler

Stella Adler (February 10, 1901 – December 21, 1992 ) was an American actress and acting teacher.

A member of Yiddish Theater's Adler dynasty, Adler began acting at a young age. She shifted to producing, directing, and teaching, founding the Stella Adler Studio of Acting in New York City in 1949. Later in life she taught part time in Los Angeles, with the assistance of her protégée, actress Joanne Linville, who continued to teach Adler's technique.

Early life
Stella Adler was born in Manhattan's Lower East Side in New York City. She was the youngest daughter of Sara and Jacob P. Adler, the sister of Luther, Jay, Frances, and Julia Adler and half-sister of Charles Adler and Celia Adler, star of the Yiddish Theater. All five of her siblings were actors. The Adlers comprised the Jewish American Adler acting dynasty, which had its start in the Yiddish Theater District and was a significant part of the vibrant ethnic theatrical scene that thrived in New York from the late 19th century to the 1950s. Adler became the most famous and influential member of her family. She began acting at the age of four as a part of the Independent Yiddish Art Company of her parents.

Career
Adler began her acting career at the age of four in the play Broken Hearts at the Grand Street Theatre on the Lower East Side, as a part of her parents' Independent Yiddish Art Company. She grew up acting alongside her parents, often playing roles of boys and girls. Her work schedule allowed little time for schooling, but when possible, she studied at public schools and New York University. She made her London debut, at the age of 18, as Naomi in Elisa Ben Avia with her father's company, in which she appeared for a year before returning to New York. In London, she met her first husband, Englishman Horace Eliashcheff; their brief marriage, however, ended in a divorce.

Adler made her English-language debut on Broadway in 1922 as the Butterfly in The World We Live In, and she spent a season in the vaudeville circuit. In 1922–23, the renowned Russian actor-director Konstantin Stanislavski made his only U.S. tour with his Moscow Art Theatre. Adler and many others saw these performances, which had a powerful and lasting impact on her career and the 20th-century American theatre. She joined the American Laboratory Theatre in 1925; there, she was introduced to Stanislavski's theories, from founders and Russian actor-teachers and former members of the Moscow Art Theater—Richard Boleslavsky and Maria Ouspenskaya. In 1931, with Sanford Meisner and Elia Kazan, among others, she joined the Group Theatre, New York, founded by Harold Clurman, Lee Strasberg, and Cheryl Crawford, through theater director and critic, Clurman, whom she later married in 1943. With Group Theatre, she worked in plays such as Success Story by John Howard Lawson, two Clifford Odets plays, Awake and Sing! and Paradise Lost, and directed the touring company of Odets's Golden Boy and More to Give to People. Members of Group Theatre were leading interpreters of the method acting technique based on the work and writings of Stanislavski.

In 1934, Adler went to Paris with Harold Clurman and studied intensively with Stanislavski for five weeks. During this period, she learned that Stanislavski had revised his theories, emphasizing that the actor should create by imagination rather than memory. Upon her return, she broke away from Strasberg on the fundamental aspects of method acting. In 1982, the day Strasberg died, Adler is said to have remarked, "It will take the theatre decades to recover from the damage that Lee Strasberg inflicted on American actors."

In January 1937, Adler moved to Hollywood. There, she acted in films for six years under the name Stella Ardler, occasionally returning to the Group Theater until it dissolved in 1941. Eventually, she returned to New York to act, direct, and teach, the latter first at Erwin Piscator's Dramatic Workshop at the New School for Social Research, New York City, before founding Stella Adler Conservatory of Theatre in 1949. In the following years, she taught Marlon Brando, Steve McQueen, Dolores del Río, Robert De Niro, Elaine Stritch, Martin Sheen, Manu Tupou, Harvey Keitel, Melanie Griffith, Peter Bogdanovich, and Warren Beatty, among others, the principles of characterization and script analysis. She also taught at the New School, and the Yale School of Drama. For many years, Adler led the undergraduate drama department at New York University, and became one of America's leading acting teachers.

Stella Adler was much more than a teacher of acting. Through her work she imparts the most valuable kind of information—how to discover the nature of our own emotional mechanics and therefore those of others. She never lent herself to vulgar exploitations, as some other well-known so-called "methods" of acting have done. As a result, her contributions to the theatrical culture have remained largely unknown, unrecognized, and unappreciated.
 * —Marlon Brando

In 1988, she published The Technique of Acting with a foreword by Marlon Brando. From 1926 until 1952, she appeared regularly on Broadway. Her later stage roles include the 1946 revival of He Who Gets Slapped and an eccentric mother in the 1961 black comedy Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feelin' So Sad. Among the plays she directed was a 1956 revival of the Paul Green/Kurt Weill antiwar musical Johnny Johnson. She appeared in only three films: Love on Toast (1937), Shadow of the Thin Man (1941), and My Girl Tisa (1948). She concluded her acting career in 1961, after 55 years. During that time, and for years after, she became a renowned acting teacher.

Stanislavski and the method
Adler was the only member of the Group Theatre to study with Konstantin Stanislavski. She was a prominent member of the Group Theatre, but differences with Lee Strasberg over Stanislavski's system (later developed by Strasberg into method acting) made her leave the group. She once said: "Drawing on the emotions I experienced — for example, when my mother died — to create a role is sick and schizophrenic. If that is acting, I don't want to do it." Adler met with Stanislavski again later in his career and questioned him on Strasberg's interpretation. He told her that he had abandoned emotional memory, which had been Strasberg's dominant paradigm, but that they both believed that actors did not have what is required to play a variety of roles already instilled inside them, and that extensive research was needed to understand the experiences of characters who have different values originating from different cultures.

Like Stanislavski, Adler understood the "gold hidden" inside the circumstances of the text. Actors should stimulate emotional experience by imagining the scene's "given circumstances," rather than recalling experiences from their own lives. She also understood that 50% of the actor's job is internal (imagination, emotion, action, will) and 50% is externals (characterization, way of walking, voice, face). To find what works for the character, the actors must study the circumstances of the text and make their choices based on what one gets from the material.

For instance, if a character talks about horse riding, one needs to know something about horse riding as an actor, otherwise one will be faking. More importantly, one must study the values of different people to understand what situations would have meant to people, when those situations might mean nothing in the actor's own culture. Without this work, Adler said that an actor walks onto the stage "naked". This approach is one for which both Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro became famous.

Adler also trained actors' sensory imagination to help make the characters' experiences more vivid. She believed that mastery of the physical and vocal aspects of acting was necessary for the actor to command the stage, and that all body language should be carefully crafted and voices need to be clear and expressive. She often referred to this as an actor's "size" or "worthiness of the stage". Her biggest mantra was perhaps "in your choices lies your talent", and she encouraged actors to find the most grand character interpretation possible in a scene; another favorite phrase of hers regarding this was "don't be boring".

Singer-songwriter Janis Ian studied under Adler in the early 1980s to help her feel more comfortable on stage, and the two women remained close friends until Adler's death. In her autobiography Society's Child (2008), Ian recalled that Adler had little patience for students who weren't progressing as she wanted, going so far on one occasion as to give one of her students a dime and tell her to call her mother to pick her up because "she had no business in the theater." On another occasion, Ian relates, Adler forcibly ripped a dress off another actress's body to get the actress to play a scene a different way.

Devo Cutler-Rubenstein credits Adler for inspiring her that a character is made real through one's imagination. She cites a story when she studied with Adler, who slowly peeled her bra off under her clothes, while lecturing about Tennessee Williams in Los Angeles, "You listened to me, didn't you, because you were fascinated with what I was doing with my bra?" Devo says Adler insisted on the truth living in our imagination and that it was an "unending pool of information and research to be accessed."

Personal life and death
Adler was related to Jerry Adler, an actor and theatre director.

Adler had a brief romantic relation with composer Sergei Prokofiev in 1919.

Adler married three times: first to Horace Eliascheff—the father of her only child, Ellen—from 1923 to 1930; then from 1942 until 1959 to director and critic Harold Clurman, one of the founders of the Group Theatre. She was finally married to physicist and novelist Mitchell A. Wilson, from 1966 until his death in 1973. From 1938 to 1946, she was sister-in-law to actress Sylvia Sidney. Sidney was married Luther Adler at the time and provided Stella with a nephew. Even after Sidney and Luther divorced, she and Sylvia remained close friends.

A lifelong Democrat, she supported Adlai Stevenson's campaign during the 1952 presidential election.

On December 21, 1992, Adler died from heart failure at the age of 91 in Los Angeles.

Legacy
Adler's technique, based on a balanced and pragmatic combination of imagination and memory, is hugely credited with introducing the subtle and insightful details and a deep physical embodiment of a character. Elaine Stritch once said: "What an extraordinary combination was Stella Adler—a goddess full of magic and mystery, a child full of innocence and vulnerability." In the book Acting: Onstage and Off, Robert Barton wrote: "[Adler] established the value of the actor putting herself in the place of the character rather than vice versa ... More than anyone else, Stella Adler brought into public awareness all the close careful attention to text and analysis Stanislavski endorsed."

In 1991, Stella Adler was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame.

In 2004, the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin acquired Adler's complete archive along with a small collection of her papers from her former husband Harold Clurman. The collection includes correspondence, manuscripts, typescripts, lecture notes, photographs, and other materials. Over 1,100 audio and video recordings of Adler teaching from the 1960s to the 1980s have been digitized by the center and are accessible on site. The archive traces her career from her start in the New York Yiddish Theater District to her encounters with Stanislavski and the Group Theatre to her lectures at the Stella Adler Studio of Acting.

In 2006, she was honored with a posthumous star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in front of the Stella Adler Theatre at 6773 Hollywood Boulevard.

Adler is a character in Names, Mark Kemble's play about former Group Theatre members' struggles with the House Un-American Activities Committee. Kemble consulted her about characterizations for the play and she told him to "just make it up".

Stella Adler schools
The acting schools Adler founded still operate today in New York City and Los Angeles. Her method, based on use of the actor's imagination, has been studied by many actors, including Marlon Brando, was the New York studio's honorary chairman until his death, upon which he was replaced by Warren Beatty.

Irene Gilbert, a longtime protégée and friend, ran the Stella Adler Studio of Acting in Los Angeles until her death.

The Stella Adler Studio of Acting in New York opened a new studio in Los Angeles named the Art of Acting Studio in 2010 and is run by the Adler family.

Career on Broadway
All works are the original Broadway productions unless otherwise noted.
 * The Straw Hat (1926)
 * Big Lake (1927)
 * The House of Connelly (1931)
 * 1931 (1931)
 * Night Over Taos (1932)
 * Success Story (1932)
 * Big Night (1933)
 * Hilda Cassidy (1933)
 * Gentlewoman (1934)
 * Gold Eagle Guy (1934)
 * Awake and Sing! (1935)
 * Paradise Lost (1935)
 * Sons and Soldiers (1943)
 * Pretty Little Parlor (1944)
 * He Who Gets Slapped – revival (1946)
 * Manhattan Nocturne (1943)
 * Sunday Breakfast (1952)

Works

 * The Fervent Years: The Group Theatre and the Thirties, By Harold Clurman, Stella Adler. Da Capo Press, 1983. ISBN 0-306-80186-8.
 * The Technique of Acting, by Stella Adler. Bantam Books, 1988. ISBN 0-553-05299-3.
 * Creating a Character: A Physical Approach to Acting, by Moni Yakim, Muriel Broadman, Stella Adler. Applause Books, 1993. ISBN 1-55783-161-0.
 * Stella Adler: The Art of Acting, by Stella Adler, Howard Kissel, Applause Books, 2000. ISBN 1-55783-373-7.
 * Stella Adler on Ibsen, Strindberg, and Chekhov, by Stella Adler, Barry Paris. Random House Inc, 2001. ISBN 0-679-74698-6.
 * Stella Adler on America's Master Playwrights: Eugene O'Neill, Thornton Wilder, Clifford Odets, William Saroyan, Tennessee Williams, William Inge, Arthur Miller, Edward Albee, by Stella Adler, Barry Paris (editor). Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group 2012. ISBN 978-0-679-42443-7.

title: Stella Adler


text:
Jersey Communist Party

The Jersey Communist Party was a political party on the island of Jersey. The JCP seems to have had a semi-autonomous relation to the Communist Party of Great Britain.

During the Second World War, when Jersey was under Nazi occupation, the JCP-leader Norman Le Brocq led a resistance group called Jersey Democratic Movement. The resistance helped many of the Soviet forced labourers that the Germans had brought to the island. JDM, the JCP and Transport and General Workers’ Union distributed propaganda. With the aid of a German deserter, Paul Mulbach, they apparently had some success in turning the soldiers of the garrison against their masters, including most notably the highest military authority in the Islands, Huffmeier. There is some evidence to suggest that they had even set a date for this mutiny (1 May 1945), but that it was rendered pointless by the suicide of Adolf Hitler.

The history of the party is murky at best. Peter Tabb suggests that they were involved in the blowing up of the Palace Hotel and of separate ammo dumps, in fact it is more likely that their involvement was to set fire to the hotel, and the German efforts to put out the subsequent blaze, by using dynamite to create a breach between the flames were misjudged and set off charges in a neighbouring ammo dump. Nevertheless, the JCP do seem to have made many plans for organised resistance.

After the war Norman Le Brocq was elected deputy in Jersey in 1972. He was twice reelected and sat on a ministerial committee.

In 1966, Le Brocq and 19 other islanders were awarded gold watches by the Soviet Union as a sign of gratitude for their role in the resistance movement.

Le Brocq led the Fishery Advisory Committee until his death.

After his death, a fishing vessel was named after Le Brocq. There is also a Community Worker award named after him.

The date at which JCP dissolved is unclear. There was also a Communist Party of Guernsey though they seemed to have enjoyed even less electoral success and are also a defunct political entity.

title: Jersey Communist Party


text:
James Leo Herlihy

James Leo Herlihy (February 27, 1927 – October 21, 1993) was an American novelist, playwright and actor.

Herlihy is known for his novels Midnight Cowboy and All Fall Down, and his play Blue Denim, all of which were adapted for cinema. Other publications include The Season of the Witch and several short stories.

Biography
Herlihy was born into a working-class family in Detroit, Michigan, in 1927. He was raised in Detroit and Chillicothe, Ohio. He enlisted with the Navy in 1945 but saw no action due to the end of World War II. He attended Black Mountain College in North Carolina for two years, where he studied sculpture. He then moved to southern California and attended the Pasadena Playhouse College of the Theatre.

A gay man, Herlihy became a close friend of playwright Tennessee Williams, who served as his mentor. Both spent a significant amount of time in Key West, Florida. Like Williams, Herlihy had lived in New York City. Apart from Key West, the primary home of Herlihy was in the Silver Lake district of Los Angeles. There, another mentor and close friend was French author Anais Nin, who shared some of her most secret diaries with him.

Works
Plays he wrote include Streetlight Sonata (1950), Moon in Capricorn (1953), and Blue Denim (produced on Broadway in 1958). He directed actress Tallulah Bankhead in a touring production of his play Crazy October in 1959. Three of his one-act plays, titled collectively Stop, You're Killing Me were presented by the Theater Company of Boston in 1969. According to author Sean Egan in his biography of James Kirkwood Jr., Ponies & Rainbows, Herlihy co-wrote the play UTBU with Kirkwood but demanded his name be taken off the credits.

Herlihy wrote three novels: All Fall Down (1960), Midnight Cowboy (1965), and The Season of the Witch (1971). His short stories were collected in The Sleep of Baby Filbertson and Other Stories (1959) and A Story That Ends in a Scream and Eight Others (1967), a collection which included plays.

Acting roles
Herlihy appeared as a guest star in "A Bunch of Lonely Pagliaccis," a 1962 episode of the TV series Route 66. He acted in the movie In the French Style (1963) with Jean Seberg. Herlihy also acted in Edward Albee's play The Zoo Story in 1963 in Boston and Paris, and in the 1981 film Four Friends directed by Arthur Penn.

Tax protest
In 1968, Herlihy signed the "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments as a protest against the Vietnam War. He later also became a sponsor of the War Tax Resistance project, which practiced and advocated tax resistance as a form of protest against the war.

Death
Herlihy committed suicide at the age of 66, by taking an overdose of sleeping pills in Los Angeles.

Novels

 * All Fall Down (1960)
 * Midnight Cowboy (1965)
 * The Season of the Witch (1971)

Plays

 * Streetlight Sonata (1950)
 * Moon in Capricorn (1953)
 * Blue Denim (1958)
 * Crazy October (1959)
 * Stop, You're Killing Me: Three Short Plays (1969)

Collections

 * The Sleep of Baby Filbertson and Other Stories (1958)
 * A Story That Ends with a Scream and Eight Others (1967)

title: James Leo Herlihy


text:
Robin Jarvis

Robin Jarvis (born 8 May 1963) is a British Young-Adult fiction (YA) and children's novelist, who writes dark fantasy, suspense and supernatural thrillers. His books for young adults have featured the inhabitants of a coastal town battling a monumental malevolence with the help of its last supernatural guardian (The Witching Legacy), a diminutive race of Werglers (shape shifters) pitched against the evil might of the faerie hordes (The Hagwood Trilogy), a sinister "world-switching" dystopian future, triggered by a sinister and hypnotic book (Dancing Jax), Norse Fates, Glastonbury crow-demons and a time travelling, wise-cracking teddy bear. (The Wyrd Museum series), dark powers, a forgotten race and ancient evils on the North Yorkshire coast (The Whitby Witches trilogy), epic medieval adventure (The Oaken Throne) and science-fiction dramatising the "nefarious intrigue" within an alternate Tudor realm, peopled by personalities of the time, automata servants and animals known as Mechanicals and ruled by Queen Elizabeth I. (Deathscent).

Jarvis' books for younger readers have featured anthropomorphic rodents and small mammals – especially mice - as featured in the Deptford Mice series. A number of his works are based in London, in and around Deptford and Greenwich where he used to live, Felixstowe, or in Whitby, the setting for The Whitby Witches trilogy and his latest series: The Witching Legacy.

His first novel – The Dark Portal, featuring the popular Deptford Mice – was the runner up for the Smarties book prize in 1989.

His work has been described as "genre Busting" and "original, spooky, unusual, psychological supernatural horror fantasy with a very modern twist". Jarvis has said that he is not a writer of horror fiction, however his work has also been compared to that of "…Stephen King, but for Young Adults."

The Deptford Mice was adapted and dramatised by Tiny Dog Productions, and staged in January 2010 and April 2011.

Biography
Jarvis was born in Liverpool, the youngest of four children, and grew up in Warrington, attending Penketh High School. His favourite subjects at school were Art and English and he went on to study Graphic Design at Newcastle Polytechnic (now Northumbria University). After college, he moved to London and worked in the television and advertising industries as a model-maker. He lives in Greenwich in southeast London.

The Witching Legacy

 * The Power of Dark (June 2016)
 * The Devil's Paintbox (March 2017)
 * Time of Blood (July 2017)
 * Legacy of Witches

The Witching Legacy is a four title series published by Egmont Books, in which Jarvis returns to the North Yorkshire town of Whitby. Jarvis said in a 2015 press release. "Now the time is right to climb those 199 steps once more and discover what’s been happening. Gasp – very grave and Dark things…" He further said of the town "The place won't leave me alone, it compels stories out of me. It's such a perfect blend of every location you could want, with a fabulously rich history that stretches back over a thousand years."

The Power of Dark follows the story of two friends who get caught up in a supernatural vendetta from the past. "Something is brewing in the town of Whitby. To best friends Lil and Verne, it just seems like a particularly bad storm, but Cherry Cerise, the last of the Whitby witches, fears that ancient forces are at work, reviving the curse of a long lost magical artifact."

The Devil's Paintbox continues the adventures of Lil when "More than ever she needs the support of best friend Verne and the witch Cherry Cerise, but they are preoccupied by their attempts to uncover more secrets of the golden Nimius. When Lil finds an antique box of watercolour paints she welcomes the diversion, little realising that every time she uses it something nasty escapes. But it is while they are distracted an old enemy finds a path to their door . . ."

Time of Blood In this third title, the sinister Mister Dark is more powerful than ever and has enslaved young Verne to his will. Can Lil save her best friend before their enemy unleashes his most audacious and insane plan yet? Even with the help of new, surprising allies - a witch, a mysterious man of many disguises and the secretive aufwaders beneath the cliff - all seems hopeless. Whitby has never been a more frightening and dangerous place to live, and the murdered dead refuse to rest in peace.

The Whitby Witches Trilogy

 * The Whitby Witches (Originally published 1991) (Re-published as an Egmont Modern Classic 2017,"...and the inspiration for The Power of Dark and its sequels.")
 * A Warlock in Whitby (1992)
 * The Whitby Child (1994)

The Hagwood Trilogy

 * Thorn Ogres of Hagwood (1999) (Re-published December 2012) (eBook and print on demand)
 * Dark Waters of Hagwood (June 2013) (eBook and print on demand)
 * War in Hagwood (July 2016) (eBook and print on demand)

Originally published by Puffin Books, Thorn Ogres of Hagwood has been published online by Open Road Integrated Media. The sequel Dark Waters of Hagwood was published in June 2013, and the series finale; War in Hagwood in July 2016.

After the original publication of the first instalment, the long-awaited second and third books were finally published over ten years later.

The series follows the heroic battle for survival of a peace-loving race of Werlings who have the power to Wergle or shape shift. Living an untroubled existence, they unwittingly become embroiled in an epic struggle against the mighty powers of dark faerie magic and the least likely champion must find the hero within.

The first title in the series has been described as "Fun for Hobbit-addicts and Potter-philes of all ages."

Dancing Jax

 * Dancing Jax (February 2011)
 * Freax and Rejex (February 2012)
 * Fighting Pax (July 2014)

The Dancing Jax trilogy is a dark fantasy series for Young Adults, published in the United Kingdom by HarperCollins. Jarvis has said the series was inspired by a dream. "...it gave me everything I needed, the title of the book, the characters and their names and other key 'ingredients'".

The series relates the hypnotic and destructive power held over its readers by a devilish book, originally written in the 1930s by an evil magician. The book acts as a gateway to Mooncaster, "a fairytale world, full of Jacks, Queens and Kings, unicorns and wolves", but further described as "No fairytale", and by the author himself as "Not for the faint-hearted".

The book explores themes of Many-worlds interpretation, Popular culture, Dystopia and  Fear conditioning.

The first, second, and third volumes of the trilogy have been published in Germany by Script5.

Tales from the Wyrd Museum

 * The Woven Path (1995) (Re-published July 2011)
 * The Raven's Knot (1996) (Re-published October 2011)
 * The Fatal Strand (1998) (Re-published February 2012)

The Deptford Mice

 * The Deptford Mice Trilogy
 * The Dark Portal (1989) (Re-published May 2012) (eBook edition)
 * The Crystal Prison (1989) (Re-published May 2012) (eBook edition)
 * The Final Reckoning (1990) (Re-published May 2012) (eBook edition)

 * The Deptford Histories
 * The Alchymist's Cat (1991)
 * The Oaken Throne (1993)
 * Thomas (1995)

The Deptford Mice Almanack (1997)

 * The Deptford Mouselets
 * Fleabee's Fortune (2004)
 * Whortle's Hope (2007)

The Deptford Mouselets are a series of stand-alone prequel novels for younger children, featuring characters from The Deptford Mice and The Deptford Histories series.

Intrigues of The Reflected Realm

 * Deathscent (2001)

title: Robin Jarvis


text:
Antoine Walker

Antoine Devon Walker (born August 12, 1976) is an American former professional basketball player. He was drafted with the sixth overall pick in the 1996 NBA draft out of the University of Kentucky and played in the NBA from 1996 to 2008. Walker played for the Boston Celtics, Dallas Mavericks, Atlanta Hawks, Miami Heat, Minnesota Timberwolves, the BSN's Mets de Guaynabo and the NBA D-League's Idaho Stampede before retiring from basketball in 2012. Walker, a three-time NBA All-Star, won an NCAA championship with Kentucky in 1996 and an NBA championship with the Heat in 2006.

Pre-NBA career
Walker attended Mount Carmel High School, in Chicago, where he played with future NFL quarterback Donovan McNabb and attained all-state status as a senior, earning a full scholarship to play for Rick Pitino at the University of Kentucky. He was a starting forward on the Wildcats' 1996 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship Game-winning team. As a freshman at Kentucky he was named SEC Tournament MVP. In his sophomore year, Walker was named All-SEC First, All-SEC Tournament and to the All-NCAA Regional Teams.

Boston Celtics (1996–2003)
After Walker's sophomore season, he declared for the 1996 NBA draft and was picked sixth overall by the Boston Celtics. In the 1996–1997 season, Walker made the All-Rookie First Team and led the team in scoring (17.5 ppg) and rebounding (9.0), as the team had its worst season in franchise history, 15–67. The following season, Pitino was reunited with Walker as the new coach of the Celtics and he made the All-Star team as a reserve while averaging 22.4 ppg and 10.2 rpg. He also scored a career-high 49 points in a loss against the Washington Wizards. Walker's success led to his appearance on the cover of NBA Live 99.

In the '98 draft, the Celtics had the 10th pick and chose swing man Paul Pierce. The next few years, Pierce and Walker were a talented duo for the Celtics. In the 2001–2002 season, Walker had his best overall season by helping lead the Celtics to a 49–33 record and their first playoff berth in seven years. He was second on his team in scoring (22.0), first in rebounds (9), and first in assists, (5.0). Pierce and Walker took the team to the Eastern Conference finals, where they fell to the New Jersey Nets in six games. The next season, Walker made his third All-Star team.

On February 20, 2002, former Kentucky teammate Tony Delk was traded to the Celtics, reuniting Walker with him.

Dallas Mavericks (2003–2004)
Just 10 days before the start of the 2003–04 season, Walker was traded with Delk to the Dallas Mavericks for Raef LaFrentz, Chris Mills, Jiří Welsch, and a 2004 first-round draft pick. Despite appearing and starting in every game for Dallas that season, Walker was used in a relatively limited capacity on his new team due to the number of high-caliber players populating the Mavericks' roster. Included on that team was Antawn Jamison, who was newly acquired from the Golden State Warriors.

Atlanta Hawks (2004–2005)
On August 8, 2004, Walker and Delk were traded again, this time to the Atlanta Hawks for Jason Terry, longtime Hawk Alan Henderson and a conditional 2007 first-round draft pick. As the pick did not convey, Dallas received cash considerations from Atlanta instead.

Return to Celtics (2005)
On February 24, 2005, Walker was traded back to the Celtics in a deal that sent Gary Payton, Tom Gugliotta, Michael Stewart, and a first-round draft pick to the Hawks. (Payton was released by the Hawks and re-signed with Boston for the remainder of the season). Walker started all 24 remaining games for the Celtics, averaging 16.3 points and 8.3 rebounds a game as the Celtics advanced to the playoffs before losing to the Indiana Pacers in a 7-game first round series. For his second stint with the Celtics, Walker briefly chose to wear the uniform number 88, as his trademark 8 jersey was being worn by rookie Al Jefferson. Jefferson would switch to number 7 after 2 games.

Miami Heat (2005–2007)
On August 2, 2005, Walker was involved in a five-team, 13-player deal (the largest trade in NBA history) that sent him from the Celtics to the Miami Heat. The Celtics received Curtis Borchardt, Qyntel Woods, the draft rights of Albert Miralles, and draft picks in the deal. The move reunited Walker with Celtics teammate Gary Payton.

The Heat played Walker mostly off the bench, and he rotated between both forward positions. Though he struggled early to adjust to this role, by the end of the season he was a force for the Heat, finishing the season with averages of 12.2 points and 5.1 rebounds a game as the team's main scorer off the bench. Walker also led the team in overall 3-point shots made for the season, and increased his 3-point, free throw and overall shooting percentages.

In the playoffs his production would increase, as he would be the third leading scorer for the team while making crucial three-point baskets and posting 20 points in four different playoff games including 23 against the New Jersey Nets in the closing game of the conference semifinals. Miami advanced to the NBA Finals and faced the Dallas Mavericks, with Walker posting 13.8 points per game in the series as the Heat won the NBA championship in 6 games. In the title clinching sixth game in Dallas, Walker contributed 14 points and 11 rebounds. Walker's production dipped in the 2006–2007 season as he averaged 8.5 points a game and 4.3 rebounds. The Heat failed to repeat as champions following a first round loss to the Chicago Bulls.

Minnesota Timberwolves (2007–2008)
On October 24, 2007, Walker was traded to the Minnesota Timberwolves along with Michael Doleac, Wayne Simien, a first-round draft pick and cash considerations in exchange for Ricky Davis and Mark Blount.

On June 27, 2008, Walker was dealt to the Memphis Grizzlies along with Marko Jarić, Greg Buckner, and the rights to O. J. Mayo, for Mike Miller, Brian Cardinal, Jason Collins, and the rights to Kevin Love. After appearing in just two preseason games and remaining inactive throughout the opening months of the regular season, he was waived by the Grizzlies on December 19, 2008.

Mets de Guaynabo (2010)
In February 2010, Walker signed with the Guaynabo Mets along with former Chicago Bulls player Marcus Fizer. Walker was released on April 1, 2010.

Idaho Stampede (2010–2012)
On May 6, 2010, ESPN reported that Walker was trying to return to the NBA. On December 7, 2010, Walker was acquired by Idaho Stampede of the NBA Development League. It was reported in April 2012 that Walker had announced his retirement after two years with the Stampede.

Personal life
Walker was born and raised on the South Side of Chicago. He attended Mount Carmel High School.

Walker was engaged to reality star Evelyn Lozada of Basketball Wives from 1998 until 2008.

Legal issues
In 1997, alongside Walker's roommate as well as NBA players Ron Mercer and Chauncey Billups, Walker was identified in a lawsuit of a woman who said she was raped in his home. Walker denied participation in the sexual assault, but was accused of walking through the room while it took place. Walker filed a counter-complaint against Mercer and Billups, but those records are sealed. Mercer and Billups settled the case out of court.

On January 5, 2009, Walker was arrested for driving under the influence in Miami Beach, Florida.

On July 15, 2009, Walker was charged with three felony counts of writing bad checks related to gambling debts he had incurred at three Las Vegas casinos. Walker was arrested on July 15 at Harrah's Casino in South Lake Tahoe, Nevada. The charges stemmed from over $800,000 in gambling debts. Walker was in South Lake Tahoe to play in the American Century Celebrity Golf Classic the following day.

On June 30, 2010, Walker entered a plea of not guilty on felony bad check charges stemming from his failure to pay $770,000 in gambling losses to Caesars Palace and two other casinos in Las Vegas, according to the Las Vegas Review Journal. A year later, he pleaded guilty to one felony count of passing a bad check. Under the plea agreement, he did not face a prison term, and was put on probation and worked towards repaying the debt.

Victim of Robberies
In July 2000, Walker and former University of Kentucky teammate Nazr Mohammed were robbed outside a South Side Chicago restaurant. On July 9, 2007, Walker and another individual were robbed at gunpoint by two offenders in his own house. The assailants made off with close to $200,000 worth of merchandise, including Walker's Mercedes. His car was later recovered having been stripped of its expensive aftermarket wheels and stereo system. Four men were charged in this robbery and two of them were also linked to the similar robbery of fellow NBA player, Eddy Curry.

Bankruptcy
On May 18, 2010, Walker filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy protection in the Southern District of Florida (Miami) as case number 10–23558 with total assets of $4.3 million and debts of $12.7 million. The filing listed four pieces of real estate including a $2.3 million Miami home that was underwater with a mortgage of $3.6 million, and three other properties in Chicago, one listed for $1.4 million. Nazr Mohammed paid half the fee of Walker's bankruptcy attorney. Walker's championship ring had to be sold off. In August 2013, Walker announced that he was debt-free. Between 1996 and 2009, Walker earned more than $108 million from NBA salaries.

Broadcasting career
Walker was a basketball analyst on 120 Sports. Walker was also hired by SEC Network as a basketball analyst.

title: Antoine Walker


text:
Roderick (novel)

Roderick, or The Education of a Young Machine is a 1980 science fiction novel by American writer John Sladek. It was nominated for a Philip K. Dick Award and was followed in 1983 by Roderick at Random, or Further Education of a Young Machine. The two books were originally intended as a single longer novel, and were finally reissued together in 2001 as The Complete Roderick. It was included in David Pringle's book Science Fiction: The 100 Best Novels.

Plot summary
The title character is an intelligent robot, the first to be invented. The opening chapters describe the creation of Roderick and show his mind (at first consisting of a bodiless computer program) developing through several stages of awareness. Finally, Roderick is given a rudimentary body and, through a series of misadventures, finds himself alone in the world. Due to his sketchy understanding of human customs, and intrigues surrounding the project that created him, he unwittingly becomes the center of various criminal schemes and other unfortunate events.

Major themes
Though the Roderick books are in many ways serious examinations of philosophical issues surrounding the idea of intelligent machines, their plot is (typically for Sladek) propelled by energetic farce and satire. Nearly every human institution, particularly academia and government, is portrayed as grievously incompetent (the Roderick project itself is originally an elaborate fraud), and the growing computerization of modern society causes no end of trouble for people—though Roderick is able to turn it to his advantage. A running joke throughout is that although Roderick is not particularly human-looking, people are unable to believe that he is a robot or simply fail to notice, and treat him instead as an insane man or a disabled child; but, like Candide or Prince Myshkin (from The Idiot), he never complains and always seeks to please.

The story is also peppered with Sladek's usual puns and word games, and satirical jabs at other science fiction themes, particularly Isaac Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics.

title: Roderick (novel)


text:
Roderick at Random

Roderick at Random is a novel by John Sladek published in 1983. It is the sequel to Roderick, or The Education of a Young Machine (1980); both novels were reissued together in 2001 as The Complete Roderick.

Plot summary
Roderick at Random is a novel in which Roderick the robot tries to learn about being human.

Reception
Dave Langford reviewed Roderick at Random for White Dwarf #39, and stated that "The first worthwhile SF to arrive in 1983 is John Sladek's Roderick at Random [...] Sladek's satire is merciless, hilariously pointing out how humans prefer not to think for themselves, programmed by newspapers, tranquillizers, food fads or batty cults becoming much more predictable and less rational than poor Roderick. Sad, but not far from being true."

Dave Pringle reviewed Roderick at Random for Imagine magazine, and stated that "It's a crazy, venal, hilarious world that Sladek creates. while Roderick himself is beautiful, a saint."

Reviews

 * Review by Faren Miller (1983) in Locus, #268 May 1983
 * Review by Cherry Wilder (1983) in Foundation, #29 November 1983
 * Review by David Pringle (1985) in Science Fiction: The 100 Best Novels
 * Review by L. J. Hurst (1990) in Vector 157

title: Roderick at Random


text:
Dent (fell)

Dent is a small fell on the fringe of the English Lake District near the towns of Cleator Moor and Egremont. Sometimes known as Long Barrow, it is traditionally the first fell encountered by hikers following Wainwright's Coast to Coast Walk. It slopes from the westerly point of the Lake District National Park.

At its highest point it stands at only 352 metres (1155 feet), but offers uninterrupted views of the Cumbrian coast from the Ravenglass estuary in the south to the Solway Firth and across to Scotland in the north. In the west the Isle of Man can be easily seen, and views to the east extend to the high peaks of Pillar and the Sca Fells.

‘Dent Hill’ was one of the five stations in Cumberland used by the Ordnance Survey to measure the angles of Principal Triangles for their initial survey of Britain in the years up to and including 1809. The other stations were Black Combe, Scilly Banks (on the outskirts of Whitehaven), High Pike and Cross Fell. The absence of a trig point suggests that Dent was not used in the Retriangulation of Great Britain.

Over the past 20 years a man-made forest has been planted on the slopes of the fell facing north towards Cleator Moor. This process was carried out to reduce the rate of erosion on the fell. There is already a mature forest on the southern slopes of the fell and public pedestrian access via a gate at Nannycatch.

There is a road at the base of the fell, known locally as ‘the fell road’ (was known as The Roman Road - Fell Road referred to the road from Ennerdale village to Calder Abby. Usage changed over the past 50 years), which runs from Cleator Moor to Egremont. The road is still used by locals, despite its poor quality and that it doesn't represent a shortcut.

The River Ehen also tracks along the base of the fell and the aforementioned road.

Dent, along with Flat Fell, is the subject of a chapter of Wainwright's book The Outlying Fells of Lakeland. His clockwise route to the two summits starts at Wath Brow.

title: Dent (fell)