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The Rebel (book)

The Rebel (L'Homme révolté) is a 1951 book-length essay by Albert Camus, which treats both the metaphysical and the historical development of rebellion and revolution in societies, especially Western Europe.

Examining both rebellion and revolt, which may be seen as the same phenomenon in personal and social frames, Camus examines several 'countercultural' figures and movements from the history of Western thought and art, noting the importance of each in the overall development of revolutionary thought and philosophy. He analyses the decreasing social importance of king, god and virtue and the development of nihilism. It can be seen as a sequel to The Myth of Sisyphus, where he ponders the meaning of life, because it answers the same question, but offers an alternative solution.

Themes
One of Camus' primary arguments in The Rebel concerns the motivation for rebellion and revolution. While the two acts—which can be interpreted from Camus' writing as states of being—are radically different in most respects, they both stem from a basic human rejection of normative justice. If human beings become disenchanted with contemporary applications of justice, Camus suggests that they rebel. This rebellion, then, is the product of a basic contradiction between the human mind's unceasing quest for clarification and the apparently meaningless nature of the world. Described by Camus as "absurd," this latter perception must be examined with what Camus terms "lucidity." Camus concludes that such an 'absurdist' sensibility contradicts itself because when it claims to believe in nothing, it believes in its own protest and in the value of the protester's life. Therefore, this sensibility is logically a "point of departure" that irresistibly "exceeds itself." In the inborn impulse to rebel, on the other hand, we can deduce values that enable us to determine that murder and oppression are illegitimate and conclude with "hope for a new creation."

Another prominent theme in The Rebel, which is tied to the notion of incipient rebellion, is the inevitable failure of attempts at human perfection. Through an examination of various titular revolutions, and in particular the French Revolution, Camus argues that most revolutions involved a fundamental denial of both history and transcendental values. Such revolutionaries aimed to kill God. In the French Revolution, for instance, this was achieved through the execution of Louis XVI and subsequent eradication of the divine right of kings. The subsequent rise of materialist idealism sought "the end of history." Because this end is unattainable, according to Camus, terror ensued as the revolutionaries attempted to coerce results. This culminated in the "temporary" enslaving of people in the name of their future liberation. Notably, Camus' reliance on non-secular sentiment does not involve a defense of religion; indeed, the replacement of divinely-justified morality with pragmatism simply represents Camus' apotheosis of transcendental, moral values.

Faced with the manifest injustices of human existence on one hand, and the poor substitute of revolution on the other, Camus' rebel seeks to fight for justice without abandoning transcendental values, including the principle of the intrinsic value of human life. Consequently, of all the modern revolutionaries, Camus describes how the "fastidious assassins", namely the Russian terrorists led by Ivan Kalyayev, active in the early twentieth century were prepared to offer their own lives as payment for the lives they took, rather than licensing others to kill others.

A third is that of crime, as Camus discusses how rebels who get carried away lose touch with the original basis of their rebellion and offer various defenses of crime through various historical epochs.

At the end of the book, Camus espouses the possible moral superiority of the ethics and political plan of syndicalism. He grounds this politics in a wider "midday thought" which opposes love of this life, and an unrelativisable normative commitment to fellow human beings, against ideological promises of the other world, end of history, or triumph of an alleged master race.

The Encyclopædia Britannica Online summarised Camus views on rebellion:
 * [...] "The true rebel is not the person who conforms to the orthodoxy of some revolutionary ideology but a person who could say “no” to injustice. He suggested that the true rebel would prefer the politics of reform, such as that of modern trade-union socialism, to the totalitarian politics of Marxism or similar movements. The systematic violence of ideology—the crimes de logique that were committed in its name—appeared to Camus to be wholly unjustifiable. Hating cruelty, he believed that the rise of ideology in the modern world had added enormously to human suffering. Though he was willing to admit that the ultimate aim of most ideologies was to diminish human suffering, he argued that good ends did not authorize the use of evil means."

The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy explains that "the notion of Revolt refers to both a path of resolved action and a state of mind. It can take extreme forms such as terrorism or a reckless and unrestrained egoism (both of which are rejected by Camus), but basically, and in simple terms, it consists of an attitude of heroic defiance or resistance to whatever oppresses human beings."

Reception
This work has received ongoing interest, influencing modern philosophers and authors such as Paul Berman. It was disliked by Marxists and existentialists, such as Jean-Paul Sartre, who wrote a critical response to it in the review Les Temps modernes in 1952. Many European Communists considered his thoughts to be reactionary.

Henri Peyre, writing for the Encyclopædia Britannica Online, considers the text to "consist of grave, but inconsistent and often unconvincing, essays loosely linked together." Aidan Curzon-Hobson considers it to be an important educational resource. He also considers it to be Camus's "most underexplored" text. According to David Simpson, writing for the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, it is "a reflection on the nature of freedom and rebellion and a philosophical critique of revolutionary violence." It explicitly condemns Marxism-Leninism, emphatically denouncing unrestrained violence as a means of human liberation. With this book, Camus became an "outspoken champion of individual freedom and [...] an impassioned critic of tyranny and terrorism, whether practiced by the Left or by the Right."

According to Meghan E. Von Hassel, Camus presented a new humanism in this book. He found "hope in the beauty of solidarity which is rooted in the dignity of man, namely, that there is value in human life."

"Philosophically, The Rebel is Camus's most important book", according to John Foley, "although it is much maligned and frequently ignored".

Fred Rosen has examined the influence of ideas of Simone Weil on Camus' thinking in The Rebel. According to him, Camus adopted her criticism of Marxism and her conception of the rebel as an artisan. George F Selfer has analysed parallels between Camus and Friedrich Nietzsche in philosophical aesthetics and found significant similarities and profound differences.

title: The Rebel (book)


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Inguinal hernia

An inguinal hernia or groin hernia is a hernia (protrusion) of abdominal cavity contents through the inguinal canal. Symptoms, which may include pain or discomfort especially with or following coughing, exercise, or bowel movements, are absent in about a third of patients. Symptoms often get worse throughout the day and improve when lying down. A bulging area may occur that becomes larger when bearing down. Inguinal hernias occur more often on the right than left side. The main concern is strangulation, where the blood supply to part of the intestine is blocked. This usually produces severe pain and tenderness of the area.

Risk factors for the development of a hernia include: smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, pregnancy, peritoneal dialysis, collagen vascular disease, and previous open appendectomy, among others. Predisposition to hernias is genetic and they occur more often in certain families. Deleterious mutations causing predisposition to hernias seem to have dominant inheritance (especially for men). It is unclear if inguinal hernias are associated with heavy lifting. Hernias can often be diagnosed based on signs and symptoms. Occasionally medical imaging is used to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other possible causes.

Groin hernias that do not cause symptoms in males do not need to be repaired. Repair, however, is generally recommended in females due to the higher rate of femoral hernias (also a type of groin hernia) which have more complications. If strangulation occurs immediate surgery is required. Repair may be done by open surgery or by laparoscopic surgery. Open surgery has the benefit of possibly being done under local anesthesia rather than general anesthesia. Laparoscopic surgery generally has less pain following the procedure.

In 2015 inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernias affected about 18.5 million people. About 27% of males and 3% of females develop a groin hernia at some time in their life. Groin hernias occur most often before the age of one and after the age of fifty. Globally, inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernias resulted in 60,000 deaths in 2015 and 55,000 in 1990.

Signs and symptoms
Hernias usually present as bulges in the groin area that can become more prominent when coughing, straining, or standing up. The bulge commonly disappears on lying down. Mild discomfort can develop over time. The inability to "reduce", or place the bulge back into the abdomen usually means the hernia is 'incarcerated' which requires emergency surgery. As the hernia progresses, contents of the abdominal cavity, such as the intestines, can descend into the hernia and run the risk of being pinched within the hernia, causing an intestinal obstruction. Significant pain at the hernia site is suggestive of a more severe course, such as incarceration (the hernia cannot be reduced back into the abdomen) and subsequent ischemia and strangulation (when the hernia becomes deprived of blood supply). If the blood supply of the portion of the intestine caught in the hernia is compromised, the hernia is deemed "strangulated" and gut ischemia and gangrene can result, with potentially fatal consequences. The timing of complications is not predictable.

Pathophysiology
In males, indirect hernias follow the same route as the descending testes, which migrate from the abdomen into the scrotum during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. The larger size of their inguinal canal, which transmitted the testicle and accommodates the structures of the spermatic cord, might be one reason why men are 25 times more likely to have an inguinal hernia than women. Although several mechanisms such as strength of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and shutter mechanisms compensating for raised intra-abdominal pressure prevent hernia formation in normal individuals, the exact importance of each factor is still under debate. The physiological school of thought thinks that the risk of hernia is due to a physiological difference between patients who develop a hernia and those who do not, namely the presence of aponeurotic extensions from the transversus abdominis aponeurotic arch.

Inguinal hernias mostly contain the omentum or a part of the small intestines, however, some unusual contents may be an appendicitis, diverticulitis, colon cancer, urinary bladder, ovaries, and rarely malignant lesions.

Diagnosis
There are two types of inguinal hernia, direct and indirect, which are defined by their relationship to the inferior epigastric vessels. Direct inguinal hernias occur medial to the inferior epigastric vessels when abdominal contents herniate through a weak spot in the fascia of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal, which is formed by the transversalis fascia. Indirect inguinal hernias occur when abdominal contents protrude through the deep inguinal ring, lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels; this may be caused by failure of embryonic closure of the processus vaginalis.

In the case of the female, the opening of the superficial inguinal ring is smaller than that of the male. As a result, the possibility for hernias through the inguinal canal in males is much greater because they have a larger opening and therefore a much weaker wall through which the intestines may protrude.

Inguinal hernias, in turn, belong to groin hernias, which also includes femoral hernias. A femoral hernia is not via the inguinal canal, but via the femoral canal, which normally allows passage of the common femoral artery and vein from the pelvis to the leg.

In Amyand's hernia, the content of the hernial sac is the appendix.

In Littre's hernia, the content of the hernial sac contains a Meckel's diverticulum.

Clinical classification of hernia is also important according to which hernia is classified into
 * 1) Reducible hernia: is one which can be pushed back into the abdomen by putting manual pressure to it.
 * 2) Irreducible/Incarcerated hernia: is one which cannot be pushed back into the abdomen by applying manual pressure.

Irreducible hernias are further classified into
 * 1) Obstructed hernia: is one in which the lumen of the herniated part of intestine is obstructed.
 * 2) Strangulated hernia: is one in which the blood supply of the hernia contents is cut off, thus, leading to ischemia. The lumen of the intestine may be patent or not.

Direct inguinal hernia
The direct inguinal hernia enters through a weak point in the fascia of the abdominal wall, and its sac is noted to be medial to the inferior epigastric vessels. Direct inguinal hernias may occur in males or females, but males are ten times more likely to get a direct inguinal hernia.

A direct inguinal hernia protrudes through a weakened area in the transversalis fascia near the medial inguinal fossa within an anatomic region known as the inguinal or Hesselbach's triangle, an area defined by the edge of the rectus abdominis muscle, the inguinal ligament and the inferior epigastric artery. These hernias are capable of exiting via the superficial inguinal ring and are unable to extend into the scrotum.

When a patient develops a simultaneous direct and indirect hernia on the same side, it is called a pantaloon hernia or saddlebag hernia because it resembles a pair of pants with the epigastric vessels in the crotch, and the defects can be repaired separately or together. Another term for pantaloon hernia is Romberg's hernia.

Since the abdominal walls weaken with age, direct hernias tend to occur in the middle-aged and elderly. This is in contrast to indirect hernias which can occur at any age including the young, since their etiology includes a congenital component where the inguinal canal is left more patent (compared to individuals less susceptible to indirect hernias). Additional risk factors include chronic constipation, being overweight or obese, chronic cough, family history and prior episodes of direct inguinal hernias.

Indirect inguinal hernia
[[File:UOTW 40 - Ultrasound of the Week 1.webm|thumb|Incarcerated inguinal hernia

]] An indirect inguinal hernia results from the failure of embryonic closure of the deep inguinal ring. In the male it can occur after the testicle has passed through the deep inguinal ring. It is the most common cause of groin hernia. A double indirect inguinal hernia has two sacs.

In the male fetus, the peritoneum gives a coat to the testicle as it passes through this ring, forming a temporary connection called the processus vaginalis. In normal development, the processus is obliterated once the testicle is completely descended. The permanent coat of peritoneum that remains around the testicle is called the tunica vaginalis. The testicle remains connected to its blood vessels and the vas deferens, which make up the spermatic cord and descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum.

The deep inguinal ring, which is the beginning of the inguinal canal, remains as an opening in the fascia transversalis, which forms the fascial inner wall of the spermatic cord. When the opening is larger than necessary for passage of the spermatic cord, the stage is set for an indirect inguinal hernia. The protrusion of peritoneum through the internal inguinal ring can be considered an incomplete obliteration of the processus.

In an indirect inguinal hernia, the protrusion passes through the deep inguinal ring and is located lateral to the inferior epigastric artery. Hence, the conjoint tendon is not weakened.

There are three main types
 * Bubonocele: in this case the hernia is limited in inguinal canal.
 * Funicular: here the processus vaginalis is closed at its lower end just above the epididymis. The content of the hernial sac can be felt separately from the testis which lies below the hernia.
 * Complete (or scrotal): here the processus vaginalis is patent throughout. The hernial sac is continuous with the tunica vaginalis of the testis. The hernia descends down to the bottom of the scrotum and it is difficult to differentiate the testis from hernia.

In the female, groin hernias are only 4% as common as in males. Indirect inguinal hernia is still the most common groin hernia for females. If a woman has an indirect inguinal hernia, her internal inguinal ring is patent, which is abnormal for females. The protrusion of peritoneum is not called "processus vaginalis" in women, as this structure is related to the migration of the testicle to the scrotum. It is simply a hernia sac. The eventual destination of the hernia contents for a woman is the labium majus on the same side, and hernias can enlarge one labium dramatically if they are allowed to progress.

Medical imaging
A physician may diagnose an inguinal hernia, as well as the type, from medical history and physical examination. For confirmation or in uncertain cases, medical ultrasonography is the first choice of imaging, because it can both detect the hernia and evaluate its changes with for example pressure, standing and Valsalva maneuver.

When assessed by ultrasound or cross sectional imaging with CT or MRI, the major differential in diagnosing indirect inguinal hernias is differentiation from spermatic cord lipomas, as both can contain only fat and extend along the inguinal canal into the scrotum.

On axial CT, lipomas originate inferior or lateral to the cord, and are located inside the cremaster muscle, while inguinal hernias lie anteromedial to the cord and are not intramuscular. Large lipomas may appear nearly indistinguishable as the fat engulfs anatomic boundaries, but they do not change position with coughing or straining.

Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of the symptoms of inguinal hernia mainly includes the following potential conditions:
 * Femoral hernia
 * Epididymitis
 * Testicular torsion
 * Lipomas
 * Inguinal adenopathy (Lymph node Swelling)
 * Groin abscess
 * Saphenous vein dilation, called Saphena varix
 * Vascular aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm
 * Hydrocele
 * Varicocele
 * Cryptorchidism (Undescended testes)

Conservative
There is currently no medical recommendation about how to manage an inguinal hernia condition in adults, due to the fact that, until recently, elective surgery used to be recommended. The hernia truss (or hernia belt) is intended to contain a reducible inguinal hernia within the abdomen. It is not considered to provide a cure, and if the pads are hard and intrude into the hernia aperture they may cause scarring and enlargement of the aperture. In addition, most trusses with older designs are not able effectively to contain the hernia at all times, because their pads do not remain permanently in contact with the hernia. The more modern variety of truss is made with non-intrusive flat pads and comes with a guarantee to hold the hernia securely during all activities. They have been described by users as providing greater confidence and comfort when carrying out physically demanding tasks. However, their use is controversial, as data to determine whether they help prevent hernia complications are lacking. A truss also increases the probability of complications, which include strangulation of the hernia, atrophy of the spermatic cord, and atrophy of the fascial margins. This allows the defect to enlarge and makes subsequent repair more difficult. Their popularity is nonetheless likely to increase, as many individuals with small, painless hernias are now delaying hernia surgery due to the risk of post-herniorrhaphy pain syndrome. Elasticated pants used by athletes may also provide useful support for the smaller hernia.

Surgical

Surgical correction of inguinal hernias is called a hernia repair. It is not recommended in minimally symptomatic hernias, for which watchful waiting is advised, due to the risk of post herniorraphy pain syndrome. Surgery is commonly performed as outpatient surgery. There are various surgical strategies which may be considered in the planning of inguinal hernia repair. These include the consideration of mesh use (e.g. synthetic or biologic), open repair, use of laparoscopy, type of anesthesia (general or local), appropriateness of bilateral repair, etc. Mesh or non mesh repairs have both benefits in different areas, but mesh repairs may reduce the rate of hernia reappearance, visceral or neurovascular injuries, length of hospital stay and time to return to activities of daily living. Laparoscopy is most commonly used for non-emergency cases; however, a minimally invasive open repair may have a lower incidence of post-operative nausea and mesh associated pain. During surgery conducted under local anaesthesia, the patient will be asked to cough and strain during the procedure to help in demonstrating that the repair is without tension and sound. Constipation after hernia repair results in strain to evacuate the bowel causing pain, and fear that the sutures may rupture. Opioid analgesia makes constipation worse. Promoting an easy bowel motion is important post-operatively.

Surgical correction is always recommended for inguinal hernias in children.

Emergency surgery for incarceration and strangulation carry much higher risk than planned, "elective" procedures. However, the risk of incarceration is low, evaluated at 0.2% per year. On the other hand, surgery has a risk of inguinodynia (10-12%), and this is why males with minimal symptoms are advised to watchful waiting. However, if they experience discomfort while doing physical activities or they routinely avoid them for fear of pain, they should seek surgical evaluation. For female patients, surgery is recommended even for asymptomatic patients.

Epidemiology
A direct inguinal hernia is less common (~25–30% of inguinal hernias) and usually occurs in men over 40 years of age.

Men have an 8 times higher incidence of inguinal hernia than women.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Inguinal hernia


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Unified messaging

Unified messaging (or UM) is a business term for the integration of different electronic messaging and communications media (e-mail, SMS, fax, voicemail, video messaging, etc.) technologies into a single interface, accessible from a variety of different devices. While traditional communications systems delivered messages into several different types of stores such as voicemail systems, e-mail servers, and stand-alone fax machines, with Unified Messaging all types of messages are stored in one system. Voicemail messages, for example, can be delivered directly into the user's inbox and played either through a headset or the computer's speaker. This simplifies the user's experience (only one place to check for messages) and can offer new options for workflow such as appending notes or documents to forwarded voicemails.

Unified messaging is increasingly accepted in the corporate environment, where it's generally seen as an improvement to business productivity. Unified messaging for professional settings integrates communications processes into the existing IT infrastructure, i. e. into CRM, ERP and mail systems.

Hype
Definitions of unified messaging vary from the typical definition of simple inclusion of incoming faxes and voice-mail in one's email inbox, all the way to dictating a message into a cell phone and the intelligent delivery of that message to the intended recipient in a variety of possible formats like text email, fax, or voice recording. Because of the nebulous definition of UM, it was number one on the 1998 Wired Magazine "Hype List".

Difference from unified communications
Unified messaging is not to be mistaken for unified communications (UC), although the two share some similarities. UM is a component of UC which involves the integration of various communication channels, such as email, voicemail, and fax, into a single platform. This streamlines the management of messages, providing users with a centralized interface for handling diverse communication types.

In contrast, UC encompasses a broader spectrum of services, extending beyond messaging to include real-time communication tools, collaboration platforms, and other integrated applications. However, it's essential to note that not all unified communication services incorporate unified messaging. The distinction arises from the specific needs and preferences of hosted SMB customers. So while unified messaging can be included in unified communications, not all unified communication services are related to unified messaging.

title: Unified messaging


text: File:Three Days of the Condor poster.JPG


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User talk:JPMH

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Lst27 22:58, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
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 * How to write a great article
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Hi. Do check out Welcome, newcomers and related pages linked above for tips and info on writing and editing here. If you're interested in writing definitions, as opposed to (or in addition to) encyclopedia articles, check out our sister dictionary project, Wiktionary. -- Infrogmation 23:01, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:JPMH


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Clyde Walcott

Sir Clyde Leopold Walcott KA, GCM, OBE (17 January 1926 – 26 August 2006) was a West Indian cricketer. Walcott was a member of the "three W's", the other two being Everton Weekes and Frank Worrell: all were very successful batsmen from Barbados, born within a short distance of each other in Bridgetown, Barbados in a period of 18 months from August 1924 to January 1926; all made their Test cricket debut against England in 1948. In the mid-1950s, Walcott was arguably the best batsman in the world. He was the manager of the West Indian squads which won the 1975 Cricket World Cup and the 1979 Cricket World Cup. In later life, he had an active career as a cricket administrator, and was the first non-English and non-white chairman of the International Cricket Council.

Early and private life
Walcott was born in New Orleans (Bridgetown), St. Michael, Barbados. His father was a printing engineer with the Barbados Advocate newspaper. He was educated at Combermere School and, from the age of 14, at Harrison College in Barbados. He took up wicket-keeping at Harrison College and also learned to bowl inswingers.

He married Muriel Ashby in 1951. They had two sons together. His brother, Keith Walcott, and a son, Michael Walcott, both played first-class cricket for Barbados.

Cricketing career
Walcott first played first-class cricket for Barbados in 1942, as a 16-year-old schoolboy. He made his first impression in February 1946, when, on a matting wicket, he scored 314 not out for Barbados against Trinidad as part of an unbroken stand of 574 for the fourth wicket with schoolfriend Frank Worrell (255 not out), setting a world record for any partnership in first-class cricket that remains a record in the West Indies.

He played his first Test in January 1948, the drawn 1st Test against England at Bridgetown. Powerfully built, weighing 15 stone and 6"2' tall, he was an accomplished strokeplayer. From a crouched stance, he was particularly strong off the back foot, and quick to cut, drive or pull. Despite his height, Walcott also kept wicket for his country in his first 15 Tests, his versatility enabling to retain his position in the side despite some poor batting performances in his first few matches. By the time a back injury forced him to relinquish the gloves, his batting had improved sufficiently to enable him to keep his place. He became a good slip fielder, and was an occasional fast-medium bowler.

In 1950, his unbeaten 168 in the second innings of the 2nd Test at Lord's helped the team to its first Test victory, and ultimately first series win in England, assisted by the spin bowling of Sonny Ramadhin and Alf Valentine. He scored a century in both innings of two Tests in the series against Australia in 1955, when he became the first batsman to score five centuries in a single Test series, totalling 827 runs from 10 innings. He was dismissed for a duck only once in Tests, lbw to Ray Lindwall in the 1st Test against Australia at Brisbane in 1951.

He played for Enfield in the Lancashire League from 1951 to 1954, and moved to Georgetown in Guyana (then British Guiana) in 1954, to be the cricket coach for the British Guiana Sugar Producers' Association. He also played first-class cricket for British Guiana, and by 1956 he was captaining the side. In retirement, he returned to Barbados in 1970.

He was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1958.

Retirement
Walcott retired from playing Test cricket in 1960. His early retirement from international cricket was attributed by many to his dissatisfaction with West Indian cricket politics relating to the captaincy, but he himself attributed it to disputes over pay. He retired from first-class cricket in 1964. He was awarded the OBE in 1966 for services to cricket in Barbados, Guyana and the West Indies.

In retirement, he had an active career as a cricket administrator. He managed and coached various cricket teams, and was later a cricket commentator in Barbados. He was President of the Guyana Cricket Board of Control from 1968 to 1970, and then a vice-president of the Barbados Cricket Association. He was chairman of the West Indies selectors from 1973 to 1988, and managed the West Indies teams that won the Cricket World Cup in 1975 and 1979, and also in 1987. He was president of the West Indies Cricket Board from 1988 to 1993. He was awarded the Barbados Gold Crown of Merit in 1991, and became a Knight of St Andrew in the Order of Barbados in 1993.

He ended his career at the ICC. He was an International Cricket Council match referee in three matches in 1992, and became chairman of the International Cricket Council from 1993, the first non-English person and the first black man to hold the position. He was knighted for services to cricket in 1994. Both of the other two "Ws" were also knighted, Weekes in 1995 and Worrell in 1964, only three years before his early death. He became the ICC Cricket Chairman in 1997, in charge of the ICC Code of Conduct, and oversaw investigations into allegations of match fixing. He retired in 2000.

When Arsenal footballer Theo Walcott was first selected for the England football team in 2006, there were rumors that Sir Clyde was his great uncle. In an article in The Sunday Telegraph, Sir Clyde said "he's definitely not a relative".

He published two autobiographies, Island Cricketers in 1958 and Sixty Years on the Back Foot in 1999. After Walcott's death, Michael Holding, the former West Indian fast bowler who made his debut when Walcott was manager, said: "Another good man gone – he is not only a West Indies legend but a legend of the world."

title: Clyde Walcott


text:
Hello Sailor (band)

Hello Sailor was a New Zealand pop/rock band originally formed in 1975. Although the band formally disbanded in 1980 after just two albums, they have continued to sporadically reunite during the years since; recording a further four albums and performing numerous live tours and appearances.

History
The band's guitarist/vocalists Dave McArtney and Harry Lyon first played together in the mid 1960s.

Their first gig as Hello Sailor was at the Trees Tavern in Tokoroa.

After several lineup changes, the band released its first album, Hello Sailor, in 1977, which went on to become the first New Zealand made record to be certified gold. The line-up at that time was Graham Brazier on vocals and some guitar and saxophone, McArtney and Lyon on guitars and vocals, Lisle Kinney on bass, and Ricky Ball on drums.

Their second album, Pacifica Amour, was released in 1978, after the band had made their first visit to America to try to crack the American market. In 1979 the band left for Australia, but this trip was also not a success. Hello Sailor formally disbanded in 1980.

In 1982, a compilation EP was released, titled Last Chance to Dance. It contained five tracks taken from the band's two earlier albums, plus an additional track "Here Comes Johnny".

The classic line-up came together again within Graham Brazier's early-1980s band The Legionnaires, and in 1985 decided to reform as Hello Sailor (with former Coup D'État bass player Neil Hannan replacing Lisle Kinney). The band released a new single "Fugitive For Love", and a follow-up album Shipshape & Bristol Fashion, which included a re-recorded version of the single. In addition to new songs, the album also contained some reworked material which had originally been recorded during their various solo projects since 1980. Following on from the release of the album, the band toured extensively throughout New Zealand during late 1985 and into 1986.

After another hiatus, the band returned in 1994, recording a new album titled The Album, and again commenced a nationwide promotional tour. Three singles were released from "The Album"; "New Tattoo", "Never Fade Away, and "Raging with the Storm".

In 1996, a two-disc Compilation album The Sailor Story was released. In addition to Hello Sailor tracks, the album also contained material which had been recorded by the band's members during their various solo projects.

In 2005, Hello Sailor's 1977 song "Gutter Black" was chosen as the title music for New Zealand television series Outrageous Fortune. This not only sparked renewed interest for the band, but also resulted in a favourable renegotiation of the publishing rights for Hello Sailor's earlier material.

In 2007, the band released the album, When Your Lights Are Out, which featured all-acoustic versions of their best-known material.

In 2011 the band entered the APRA NZ Music Hall of Fame. In 2012, the band again reunited to record an album of new material Surrey Crescent Moon.

Founding member Dave McArtney died in 2013.

In 2015, the band were planning their 40th-anniversary tour when Brazier suffered a heart attack. The tour was postponed while he recovered, but he died shortly after, marking the end of the band's career.At the request of Glenn Smith, the band got back together once again in February 2023 and performed a special memorial concert in their small hometown of Waitara, New Zealand.

Aotearoa Music Awards
The Aotearoa Music Awards (previously known as New Zealand Music Awards (NZMA)) are an annual awards night celebrating excellence in New Zealand music and have been presented annually since 1965.

! Ref.
 * 2011 || Hello Sailor|| New Zealand Music Hall of Fame || inductee ||
 * 2011 || Hello Sailor|| New Zealand Music Hall of Fame || inductee ||

Book references

 * Dix, John, Stranded in Paradise, Penguin, 2005. ISBN 0-14-301953-8
 * Eggleton, David, Ready To Fly, Craig Potton, 2003. ISBN 1-877333-06-9
 * Spittle, Gordon, Counting The Beat, GP Publications, 1997. ISBN 1-86956-213-5
 * Spittle, Gordon, Counting The Beat, GP Publications, 1997. ISBN 1-86956-213-5

title: Hello Sailor (band)


text:
User talk:Joconnor89

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Lst27 23:02, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Joconnor89


text:
User talk:JoeHenzi

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Lst27 23:02, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC) =Bodily Disappearances= Hey Joe. I've added a few things to the "resurrection" entry that may help you in some way. Gesar, Muhammad, Sikh gurus, and Lord Raglan's Hero Pattern list. Take a look. Charlie Turek, magician charlesturek@comcast.net
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Thanks for your help to new religious movements
I agree that the article is a mess, mainly because of a large cut and paste job. Also because the subject in itself is messy, complicated and controversial. We could use some help if you are willing to study NRMs. Andries 18:49, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * To answer what books you should read to enable you to contribute to NRM related articels please read the following

 * 1. book by David V. Barrett's New Believers, and
 * 2. Eileen Barker's Introduction to NRMs.
 * 3. Also read the websites of Robert Priddy and Steven Hassan and Rick Ross.
 * 4. We do not need opinions in the articles but hard facts. so please go to the University libary and find and study empirical reserach. You can find references to the empirical research in Barker's book
 * Thanks Andries 16:53, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Tybee lighthouse construction
Hi Joe - are you able to find out what sort of wood was used to build it? - they certainly won't have gone to the trouble of importing cedar from the Mediterranean region or India, it will likely have been something locally sourced. Probably either juniper, cypress or thuja, all of which have been mis-named 'cedar' on occasion. For the moment, I've changed the wording to 'brick and wood'. It also needs metric data. - MPF 08:19, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Hi Joe - thanks; I can see it'll be difficult! From the location, the most likely is Eastern Juniper, but Atlantic White Cypress is also possible; the former tends to grow on dry sandy sites, the latter on swampy sites; the juniper is native in that area of Georgia, but the cypress would have to be brought down the coast from North Carolina (easy enough on a barge). Hope you have a great trip there! - MPF 09:07, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Osiris - Dionysus
Hello.

Could you help fix the Osiris-Dionysus article? I have noticed you using that talk page. The article should contain information from Osiris and Dionysus though with respect to Mystery religions rather than earlier legends.

I would prefer it not to include Historicity of Jesus as that doesn't seem very relevant to much more than a small summary and then a link to Historicity of Jesus which (now) contains that information (I am currently slowly editing that page, so it looks a bit of a mess at the moment).

The Osiris and Dionysus pages will need to have a link back to the Osiris-Dionysus page as will Attis etc.

Google may be a good place to look for content.

The Osiris-Dionysus page will need to be linked to from Life-death-rebirth deity as well.

Duplication on any of those pages will need to be removed, and replaced with a short summary linking to the Osiris-Dionysus page.

Thanks.CheeseDreams 19:28, 6 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Aerial tybee island georgia.jpg
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Image copyright problem with Image:Tybee_lighthouse.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Tybee_lighthouse.png. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. If you have questions about copyright tagging of images, post on Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags or User talk:Carnildo/images. 12:52, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

Argnstvartz!~!!!@!@!@

 * SIGH... bots. I requested permission for this image long ago from the Tybee photographer who took it and who placed it online elsewhere...

Possibly unfree File:Photograph of Album Cover.JPG
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Photograph of Album Cover.JPG, has been listed at Possibly unfree files because its copyright status is unclear or disputed. If the file's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. You may find more information on the file description page. You are welcome to add comments to its entry at if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. --multichill (talk) 20:10, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

 * Let's see... I can comment on the deletion "debate" link and I can't comment on the image page because it was deleted... But this is bull***t. I never really had time to respond to the issue. Time has passed from Jan 17th until today, but the image was totally free of copyright, I knew the man who snapped the photograph personally. I denoted this on the image's page. This process is bs. Same as my Tybee Lighthouse photo (mentioned above). I worked to specifically get the rights to reproduce the image for use on Wikipedia from the original photographer and it was later removed. I think it's being abused by folks who want to use their own photos and have found removal of the existing the best way to achieve this (at least, this is the only reasoning I can come up with). JoeHenzi (talk) 18:19, 6 February 2011 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Chos-kyi 'byung-gnas

The article Chos-kyi 'byung-gnas has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Appears to be something belonging more at wikitionary, if anything. Lacks context as well, and it is not apparent how this article could be improved to more than a sentence in Bardo Thodol

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Zaldax (talk) 01:48, 8 August 2012 (UTC)

John Schattner
Hi Joe, Thank you for restoring that information. I got an edit conflict when I tried to do it. I assume that was your restoration. The edit just after pizzamancer's where the editor reffered to 'unsourced slander' also needs to be undone. (Turns out its pretty much a direct quote from an article.  If its not done yet, I'll do it.   I think that page bears some watching.  pizzamancer and the other person look like they may have issues with wikipedia polices.   Jjk (talk) 19:15, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
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title: User talk:JoeHenzi


text:
Abdur Razzak (cricketer)

Khan Abdur Razzak (খান আব্দুর রাজ্জাক; born 15 June 1982) is a Bangladeshi former cricketer who played in all formats of the game. Abdur Razzak is the first Bangladeshi to take 200 wickets in ODIs. He is also the first left arm spinner and second spinner after Saqlain Mushtaq to take a hat-trick.

He made his first-class debut at Bangladeshi domestic level for Khulna Division in the 2001/02 season. Best known for being a tall left-arm orthodox spin bowler, he helped guide his division to the National Cricket title in his maiden season. From there he was selected for Bangladesh A (training team for the full national squad) performing well against Zimbabwe A, including figures of 7 for 17 in one game in Dhaka.

Though he played just nine Tests, was more successful in One Day Internationals (ODIs) and was Bangladesh's leading wicket-taker in the format in 2013, when he reached the 200 wickets milestone.

In January 2018, he became the first Bangladesh player to take 500 wickets in first-class cricket. After an absence of four years, he made a comeback to the Test squad on 8 February 2018 against Sri Lanka, taking 4-63 opening the bowling, but Bangladesh lost the match by 215 runs. In November 2019, he took his 600th first-class wicket, becoming the first Bangladeshi bowler to reach the milestone.

In February 2021, Abdur Razzak announced his retirement from all forms of cricket.

Indian Premier League
Abdur Razzak was the only Bangladeshi to play in the 2008 Indian Premier League making him the first Bangladeshi to play the league. He was bought for $50,000 by the Royal Challengers Bangalore and played in only one match. Despite not playing often for the team, Abdur Razzak believed that the experience he gained from the tournament was important. He stated that Anil Kumble "was very helpful when I asked him about bowling in Test matches. He told me that given my bowling approach, it is very important to use variations within my line and length. Actually, captains would want a breakthrough from me so without using variations, wickets are hard to come by. Coach Venkatesh Prasad was also a great help".

Bangladesh domestic career
Abdur Razzak responded by taking his best bowling figures in first-class cricket (8/123). His match haul of 15/193 against Barisal Division were the best in the history of the National Cricket League, breaking the record set three years previously by Elias Sunny, the bowler who had replaced Abdur Razzak in the Test team.

In April 2018, he was the leading wicket-taker in the 2017–18 Bangladesh Cricket League, with 43 dismissals in six matches, a record for the tournament. He was also the leading wicket-taker in the 2018–19 Bangladesh Cricket League, with 34 dismissals in six matches.

He was the leading wicket-taker for Prime Bank Cricket Club in the 2018–19 Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League tournament, with 19 dismissals in 16 matches. He was the leading wicket-taker in the 2019–20 National Cricket League, with 31 dismissals in five matches.

Debut years
Abdur Razzak was called into the Bangladesh national team for the 2004 Asia Cup One Day International tournament, making his debut against Hong Kong in July. He established himself as a regular fixture in the squad although he was not a regular in the starting eleven. He made his Test debut in the second Test of the Australian tour of Bangladesh in April 2006.

After impressing in one-day cricket, he was called up for his Test debut at home to Australia at the Chittagong Divisional Stadium. Bangladesh batted first and he recorded 15 in his first Test match innings. A decent start but he failed to take a wicket in Australia's only innings and he registered a golden duck in an innings defeat. His next test appearance took place a year afterwards against Sri Lanka where he got first test wicket having Chamara Silva caught. He got Graeme Smith in a Test against South Africa and he got his highest Test match score of 33 in both innings, once finishing unbeaten. In a Test match against New Zealand, he registered his highest Test match bowling figures of 3–93. This and the next Test in the series (subsequently his last so far) brought his bowling action into question.

Suspension
Following New Zealand's tour of Bangladesh in October 2008, Abdur Razzak was reported by umpires Daryl Harper and Asoka de Silva for having a "suspect bowling action". This was the second time in his career that he had been reported for his bowling action. A bowler is deemed to have thrown the ball if his arm bends by more than 15 degrees when delivering the ball. It had been expected that only Abdur Razzak's quicker ball was suspect and he would be disallowed from bowling it, however tests showed that Abdur Razzak bends his arm by 22–28 degrees, usually averaging 25 degrees although his quicker ball was delivered at an average of 24 degrees. As a result, Abdur Razzak was suspended from international cricket, although he is allowed to bowl under supervision in domestic cricket, until he remodels his action. In March 2009, the ICC lifted Abdur Razzak's suspension after he changed his bowling action; now both his stock delivery and faster ball are legal.

Return after suspension
In July 2009, on Bangladesh's tour of the West Indies, Abdur Razzak represented Bangladesh in international cricket for the first time since his suspension. Omitted from the Test squad, he was called up for the one-day series. Abdur Razzak's performance in the first One Day International, for which he was awarded the man-of-the-match award, helped Bangladesh defeat the West Indies by 52 runs. He opened the bowling and took 4 wickets for 39 runs (4/39) against a West Indies side weakened by disputes between the players and the West Indies Cricket Board. He finished as Bangladesh's leading wicket-taker in the three match series, with 7 wickets at 22.85, however he was injured in the final match. The hamstring strain he sustained while batting ruled him out of Bangladesh's tour of Zimbabwe in August 2009. By the time Zimbabwe toured Bangladesh for a five-match ODI series in October and November 2009, Abdur Razzak had recovered from his injury and was included in the Bangladesh squad. He took 15 wickets in the series which Bangladesh won 4–1 and was named Man of the Series.

Late career
At the start of November 2010, the BCB announced 16 central contracts. Abdur Razzak was one of six players in the top level. He was included in Bangladesh's 15-man squad for the 2011 World Cup. Zimbabwe returned to Test cricket in August 2011 with a one-off match against Bangladesh. Bangladesh lost the match, their first Test since touring England in June the previous year, with Abdur Razzak taking two wickets for 106 runs. In the subsequent five-match ODI series, Abdur Razzak was the least successful of the bowlers to deliver 20 overs or more taking two wickets in four matches as Bangladesh lost the series 3–2. When the West Indies toured in October he went wicketless in the ODI series and was subsequently dropped from the Test squad, which led him to consider the international retirement in 2014.

On 28 March 2013 he took 5 wickets against Sri Lanka in the 3rd ODI and became the 1st Bangladeshi bowler who took 200 wickets in ODI. On 5 May 2013, at the 2nd ODI between Zimbabwe in Bulawayo, he scored his maiden half-century with 53* runs. At the same time, he achieved quickest half-century in cricket history of Bangladesh. But his team was defeated by 6 wickets. He is the first left arm spinner and 2nd spinner after Saqlain Mushtaq took a Hat-trick.

However, his milestone in first-class cricket to become the first Bangladeshi to take 500 wickets, he was added to the Bangladeshi Test squad as a cover for injured Shakib Al Hasan. He made his comeback match against Sri Lanka on 8 February 2018 and took 4 wickets to bowl out Sri Lanka for 222 in their first innings.

Post retirement
In March 2020 Razzak was offered a position in the Bangladesh national selection panel however the COVID-19 pandemic delayed his appointment to the role until January 2021. He stated he would make a decision on whether to continue playing domestic cricket after his appointment was announced. On 13 February 2021, Abdur Razzak along with Shahriar Nafees announced their retirement from all forms of cricket.

title: Abdur Razzak (cricketer)


text:
Abdul Razzaq (cricketer)

Abdul Razzaq (Punjabi, ; born 2 December 1979) is a Pakistani cricket coach and former cricketer, who played all formats of the game. Known as a gifted all-rounder, he was a right-arm fast-medium bowler and a right-handed batsman. He emerged in international cricket in 1996 with his One Day International debut against Zimbabwe at his home ground in Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore; just one month before his seventeenth birthday. He was part of the Pakistan Cricket squad that won the ICC World Twenty20 2009. He was a part of the Pakistan squad which finished as runners-up at the 1999 Cricket World Cup. He played 265 ODIs and 46 Tests.

At the age of 38, Abdul Razzaq announced that he would make a comeback at the domestic circuit level to play first-class cricket again after having short stints as a coach for few domestic teams in Pakistan since his international retirement in 2013.

Early and personal life
Abdul Razzaq was born in Shahdara Bagh, a suburb on the outskirts of Lahore, Punjab, known for its Mughal architecture.

His son Ali Razzaq is also a cricketer.

Early career
Abdul Razzaq made his One Day International debut in November 1996, against Zimbabwe, but had to wait just over three years to make his Test cricket debut for Pakistan, eventually doing so against Australia in Brisbane in November 1999. In the 1999–2000 Carlton and United Series, he rose to fame and was named man of the series for his all round performance. During a match in Hobart against India, Abdul Razzaq scored a half century and took five wickets. In the same tournament, he hit former Australian fast bowler, Glenn McGrath for 5 fours, which totalled to 20 runs in one over. Abdul Razzaq also performed well with the ball, his most noticeable stint was in the Coca-Cola Champions Trophy 1999 against Sri Lanka in Sharjah, October 1999. Pakistan were bowled out for 196, with Abdul Razzaq remaining not out on 7. However, Abdul Razzaq proved to be more than capable with his all round skills as he took his first five-wicket haul, dismissing Romesh Kaluwitharana, Mahela Jayawardene, Suresh Perera, Chaminda Vaas and Chamara Silva to finish with match figures of 5/31, meaning that Sri Lanka were also bowled out for 196 resulting in a tied match, having once been at 157/2. Former captain Wasim Akram praised Abdul Razzaq's ability with the ball, citing that he was emerging to be one of the best all rounders in the world. Abdul Razzaq's astonishing nine-ball spell, which he took four for nought helped snatch a tie from what seemed a certain Sri Lankan victory, finishing as the man of the match for his performance.

1999 Cricket World Cup
Abdul Razzaq became a regular member of his national side during the 1999 world cup held in England. During the event, he got the attention of selectors as he performed well both with the ball and bat. His brilliant performance with the bat came in the group match against Australia, where he went on to score his first half century making 60 runs in a long and stable partnership with Inzamam-ul-Haq, which helped Pakistan reach a defendable target of 275. Pakistan went on to win the match by ten runs and as a result qualified for the Super Six stage. With the ball, he made a brilliant performance against the tough West Indies national cricket team by taking three wickets for 32 runs having three maiden overs, which proved decisive for Pakistan at Bristol.

2000 Carlton and United Series
Abdul Razzaq's other impressive performances came during the Carlton & United Series at Australia in a tri-nation tournament involving Pakistan, Australia and India in 2000. Abdul Razzaq achieved the man of the series award for his best all round performances, especially in a pre-finals match against India, where he scored 70 not out with the bat and took 5 wickets for 48 runs, thus becoming the fifth all-rounder to have scored a half century and take five wickets in an ODI; the other four players being Vivian Richards, Kris Srikkanth, Mark Waugh, and Lance Klusener. Shahid Afridi subsequently achieved the feat thrice for Pakistan.

In the first match of the series against Australia, he took 4 wickets and played an important role for Pakistan helping them to successfully defend a very low target of 184 runs at Brisbane. In the third match of the series, Abdul Razzaq came into prominence after hitting five consecutive boundaries in the fifth over of Australian pacer Glenn McGrath. Eventually Pakistan was defeated in the finals by Australia but Abdul Razzaq was named player of the series for his all-round performance.

Prominence
In 2000, Abdul Razzaq became the youngest cricketer in the world to take a Test cricket hat-trick in a match against Sri Lanka. He has scored three centuries and twenty two fifties in One Day International matches. His highest score was 112 runs, against South Africa in 2002, where he shared a partnership of 257 runs with Pakistani batsman Saleem Elahi. His second century was scoring 107 runs not out in a match against Zimbabwe in 2004. During this match, he saved Pakistan from a disastrous start and eventually won them the match. His first fifty came in 90 deliveries, before accelerating in the second fifty runs, which was scored in just 21 balls. Also in 2003–2004, he scored 89 runs from 40 balls against New Zealand, whose captain Stephen Fleming called him the "best hitter" in the world. In January 2005, he was involved in the ACC Asian XI that took on the ICC World XI in the World Cricket Tsunami Appeal charity match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Australia.

As a fast bowler, Abdul Razzaq experienced a steady decline in speed and performance during the 2003 cricket World Cup and 2004. Abdul Razzaq dropped Tendulkar who later on scored a match-winning 98 (75). During this period, he remained as a supporting bowler. However, from 2005 to the end of 2006, he regained his speed and he won many matches for Pakistan with his bowling. His best bowling figures in a One Day International match is 6 wickets for 35 runs. His another notable performance was against Sri Lanka at Sharjah in 1999, where Pakistan was all out for 196 runs and he took 5 wickets for 31 runs to draw the match. During the 2005–2006 Test match series against India, Abdul Razzaq took 9 wickets and scored 205 runs in two Test matches he played, which resulted in an improvement of his performance. His batting remained generally consistent from 2000 to 2006, although his place on the Test team was never secure.

Abdul Razzaq's place in the Pakistan national team has been marred by injuries and absences. In 2005 it was revealed that he was suffering from eating too much spinach, which was causing him to suffer from nausea and sickness while playing. This led to him being known as 'Popeye' by his teammates. In 2007, a poor performance in a series with both the bat and ball, in a match against South Africa, accompanied with an injury that forced him out of the 2007 cricket World Cup, had him dropped from the 2007 World Twenty20, a decision that received widespread criticism from cricket individuals.

Temporary retirement in 2007
On 20 August 2007, Abdul Razzaq announced his retirement against his omission from the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 squad. However, on 27 October 2007, Abdul Razzaq revoked his decision following discussions with his local cricket club and coach, saying, "Maybe I made that (decision to retire) in the heat of the moment."

He signed up for the Indian Cricket League and played for the Hyderabad Heroes as one of their star players. He eventually severed ties with the league in September 2008 and returned to international cricket in June 2009, helping Pakistan win the 2009 ICC T20 World Cup.

Return in team: 2009 World Twenty20 Championship
In 2009, he was selected into Pakistan's squad for the 2009 ICC World Twenty20 in England as a replacement for injured fast bowler Yasir Arafat, marking his return to International cricket and becoming the first Indian Cricket League player, whose ban was lifted by the Pakistan Cricket Board. He played an important role in Pakistan's victory in the tournament, taking 5 wickets at an average of 14.80 and an economy rate of 5.92. His figures of 3 wickets for 20 runs, played a significant role in Pakistan's victory against Sri Lanka in the final. As a result, he along with another former Indian Cricket League player Mohammad Yousuf were awarded 'A' category mid-term central contracts by the Pakistan Cricket Board.

In the 2009–2010 season, Abdul Razzaq missed out on the tours of New Zealand and Australia, due to injury. However he was selected in the two match Twenty20 International series against England in February 2010. His innings of 46 runs not out from 18 deliveries in the second match of the series, cemented Pakistan a victory, their first in eleven international outings.

On 30 December when playing in a game for the Melbourne Renegades, former Australian cricketer Mark Waugh described Abdul Razzaq as a "cardboard cut out" based on his appeared disinterest when playing.

ODI return: against New Zealand
Upon his ODI return, he played a fine little cameo for Pakistan with the bat scoring 23 runs of 20 deliveries and pushed the score to 287. New Zealand needed 288 to win and Abdul Razzaq took the key wickets of Scott Styris and Jacob Oram to ensure that Pakistan thrash New Zealand by 141 runs. In the second ODI, he took the wickets of Martin Guptill (62) and Daniel Vettori on (30). Despite this, New Zealand ended the innings at 303/8. Pakistan collapsed to 239 all out, with Abdul Razzaq scoring 35 runs. With the series levelled 1–1 Pakistan went into the third ODI and bowled New Zealand out for 211. Despite this Pakistan suffered a top order collapse at 79/7 with Younis Khan, Salman Butt, Khalid Latif, Shoaib Malik, Kamran Akmal, Umar Akmal and Shahid Afridi falling cheaply. Then Abdul Razzaq came in and registered a duck as he was run out by Vettori. Gul fell cheaply as well but Pakistan still got agonizingly close to victory, when Mohammad Amir and Saeed Ajmal were engaged in a 103 run partnership before Ajmal top edged a pull on the first ball of the last over as Pakistan were seven runs short of victory.

Hand injury: No participation against Australia
Abdul Razzaq picked up a hand injury just before the first ODI against Australia and missed the whole five match series and the only Twenty20 match. He was hit on the hand while batting during the practice sessions The series turned out to be a forgettable one of Pakistan as Mohammad Yousuf and Younis Khan received life bans (overturned 2 months later) for inflicting fighting in the team. Also Rana Naved-ul-Hasan was given a one-year ban along with Shoaib Malik being banned for a year all were overturned on appeal. Amid the fighting Pakistan lost the five match series 5–0 and the only Twenty20 match as well.

Top all-round form (2010)
With players like Younis Khan, Mohammad Yousuf and Shoaib Malik suffering from selection issues, it was Abdul Razzaq who took up the role of a senior player in the Pakistan cricket team. He was selected in the squad for the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 and performed admirably with the bat scoring five sixes during the tournament. Pakistan crashed out of the tournament after losing to Australia in the semi-final. Abdul Razzaq then took part in the 2010 Asia Cup.

In July 2010, Abdul Razzaq played in the two T20Is against Australia as Pakistan won both matches comfortably. He wasn't selected for the Test series against Australia and England and next played in the September 2010 Twenty20 and ODI series against England. The Pakistan team had been surrounded by Spot-fixing allegations as the team lost both Twenty20 matches due to low morale. Abdul Razzaq missed the first two ODI's against England because of a back-strain as Pakistan lost both matches. He returned to the third ODI and scored 31 runs in a fruitful partnership with Shahid Afridi before Afridi was run out and Abdul Razzaq was subsequently caught in the deep square leg as Pakistan were bowled out for 241. England opened the innings strongly before Umar Gul removed six batsmen and Abdul Razzaq took two wickets to seal a 23-run victory for Pakistan.

Abdul Razzaq's lower order destruction also became helpful for his domestic team the Lahore Lions as he scored 138 runs from his four innings including a superb 73* in the final to help guide his team to victory in the 2010–11 Faysal Bank Twenty-20 Cup.

On 31 October 2010, in the second One Day International against South Africa, Abdul Razzaq played a match-winning innings of 109* off 72 balls at a strike rate of 151.38, his third One Day International century. The innings which contained seven fours and ten sixes saw Pakistan to a one-wicket win with one ball remaining and level the 5-match series 1–1.

Series against New Zealand, World Cup Preparation (2011)
Abdul Razzaq struggled with the bat in the first two Twenty20's against New Zealand but he did perform admirably with the ball taking out Jesse Ryder for a golden duck in the second Twenty20. During the third match Abdul Razzaq blasted 34 off just 11 balls in an innings that included 3 fours and 3 sixes. This innings helped Pakistan push their total onto 184. Abdul Razzaq then did the damage with the ball taking the leading run scorer of the series Martin Guptill out for a duck and then took two more top order wickets of Ross Taylor (Leg-before) and clean bowled James Franklin. For this superb all round perform coupled with a 103 run victory for Pakistan, Abdul Razzaq won the award for the player of the match. However two early losses in the series meant New Zealand won the series 2–1.

2011 Cricket World Cup
Abdul Razzaq was included in Pakistan's 15-man squad for the 2011 World Cup hosted by Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka between February and April. His role was to open the bowling and bat down the order. In his first two matches, he had faced just 10 balls, however he scored 20 not out from 24 balls against Australia to guide Pakistan to victory, ending Australia's string of 34 matches in World Cups without defeat.

Indian Cricket League
In 2007–2008, he played in the Indian Cricket League, playing for Hyderabad Heroes. His excellent performance in the last over during the Indian Cricket League final, allowed his team to take a 1–0 lead in the best of three finals. The finals were eventually won by Hyderabad Heroes, 2–0. During this time, his international career remained in doubt, as the Pakistan Cricket Board had banned players who participated in the unofficial league.

After playing for two seasons, he departed from the Indian Cricket League to be selected and play for the Pakistan national team, saying that he hoped the Pakistan Cricket Board's ban on Indian Cricket League players would soon be revoked and that he has a desire to play for Pakistan national team once again, affirming that his retirement was not necessarily a permanent decision.

England County Cricket
He has also played at the English county level for Middlesex, Worcestershire and Surrey. He joined Surrey in June 2008 on a short-term contract to play in the Twenty20 Cup. He helped Surrey win against Sussex by scoring 39 runs from 19 balls. Despite his short period at The Oval, Abdul Razzaq became a favourite player amongst Surrey supporters.

In March 2010 Abdul Razzaq signed for Hampshire County Cricket Club as one of their four overseas players for the English domestic Twenty20 competition. He played a starring role in their victory against Somerset on finals day at Hampshire's home ground, the Rose Bowl.

Abdul Razzaq signed for Leicestershire County Cricket Club as their second overseas players for the English domestic Friends Life t20. At the 2011 Friends Life t20 he again played for the winning team, this time as a Leicestershire player, against Somerset on the finals day. He also played in both Leicestershire's games in the Champions League T20s, but was unable to help Leicestershire through the qualification stage. He has signed for Staffordshire club Hem Heath for the 2014 Season.

Coaching career
At domestic level, Abdul Razzaq was appointed head coach to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and under him the team won the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, National T20 Cup and Pakistan Cup in the 2020–21 season, later he became the head coach of Central Punjab for the 2021-22 domestic season.

Abdul Razzaq was appointed as the interim head coach of the Pakistan national team alongside Saqlain Mushtaq on 6 September 2021 by PCB for New Zealand tour of Pakistan 2021, after Misbah-ul-Haq and Waqar Younis stepped down as coaches, but the series later got called off.

In September 2022, he was appointed head coach to the Hyderabad Hunters squad for the inaugural season of the Pakistan Junior League.

In April 2024, Abdul Razzaq was appointed assistant coach for Pakistan national cricket team's upcoming 5-match T20 series against New Zealand national cricket team.

Test cricket

 * Test Debut vs Australia in Brisbane in 1999–2000.
 * Best Test batting score of 134 runs was made against Bangladesh in Dhaka in 2001–2002.
 * Best Test bowling figures of 5 wickets for 35 runs came against Sri Lanka in Karachi in 2004–2005.
 * He took his first Test Hat-trick vs Sri Lanka in Galle International Stadium in 2000.

One Day International

 * One Day International debut vs Zimbabwe in Lahore in 1996–1997.
 * Best One Day International batting score of 112 runs was made against South Africa in Port Elizabeth in 2002–2003.
 * Best One Day International bowling figures of 6 wickets for 35 runs came against Bangladesh in Dhaka in 2001–2002.
 * Best 7th wicket score (109 from 72 balls) against South Africa in Abu-Dhabi in October 2010

Achievements

 * He is one of 53 players, including 8 who have represented Pakistan, who have achieved the double of 1,000 Test runs and 100 Test wickets.
 * He is the youngest bowler to take a hat-trick, against Sri Lanka in 2000, at the age of 20.
 * Has Batted at every position from an opener to No.11
 * In 2009 he along with Nasir Jamshed set the highest 3rd wicket partnership ever in any forms of T20s (162)

title: Abdul Razzaq (cricketer)


text:
User:Dcljr/Tables

I really want to create a completely new how-to for tables in Wikipedia.

'''Please do not edit this page. Comments should go on my talk page. Thanks.'''

Refs:
 * How to use tables
 * m:Help:Table

Pipe syntax for tables
The character sequences below control the layout of tables.

With the exception of "!!" and "||" (and a special use of "|" discussed below), each of the above must appear at the beginning of a line.

Table in default style
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

Table with caption, border and grid lines in default style
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

The caption is rendered in a plain font by default; if you want it to be bold or italicized, you must use wiki markup. Note that for the previous two examples the "default style" may differ across browsers.

A simple grid style
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

A larger table
For most tables, using a single line for each row is impractical. Instead, you can use one line per cell, as in this example:

{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

Newlines and line breaks in tables
In fact, any row or cell of the table can be spread over any number of lines. However, care must be taken when using newlines within table cells.

{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

Note that the newline separating the first and second lines of a multi-line cell are significant, unlike in normal text where a single newline has no effect. Blank lines (two newlines in a row) are ignored when placed immediately before or after a row separator, but have the usual effect within cell contents.

To force a line break with no additional vertical space between lines, use "
".

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Please use this technique sparingly, as it may cause an overwide page on some browsers (which is why an ellipsis is used in the wikicode version of the table above).

Using row and cell formatting parameters
Besides the table layout parameters "border", "cellpadding" and "<tt>cellspacing</tt>", the pipe syntax also permits row- and cell-level formatting options. Some of these are better supported among browsers than others. On Wikipedia, it's generally best to be conservative when formatting tables.

Colspan and rowspan
To allow cell contents to expand across columns or rows, use "<tt>colspan</tt>" and "<tt>rowspan</tt>", respectively. These parameter settings are separated from the corresponding cell contents by a single pipe character (<tt>|</tt>), which may or may not be surrounded by spaces (note that the pipe character cannot begin a new line since it would then be interpreted as starting a new cell).

The lack of space around the parameter settings in the source of the table below is intended to help editors distinguish them from cell contents.

{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

Alignment, width and height
For most tables, the width and height of cells should not be set explicitly. In special cases, however, the parameters "<tt>width</tt>" and "<tt>height</tt>" may be necessary to acheive a desired effect (for an example, see the twin-towers effect on the homepage of the September 11th memorial wiki).

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{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

Note that a single pipe character (<tt>|</tt>) is used between the cell-level parameter setting and the cell contents even when the cell is a header (indicated by "<tt>!</tt>" or "<tt>!!</tt>").

Color
The use of color can make tables easier for people to parse, but when used recklessly (as, for example, in the table below) can ruin an otherwise acceptable table. Caveat editor.

{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16"

 * }

For a list of color names and codes (which can be used interchangeably) please see Web colors.

Side-by-side tables
The "quick brown fox" example above was displayed using the following code. The line numbers are included for reference only.

01. {| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="16" 02. | 03. {| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" 04. | The quick 05. |rowspan="2"| brown
fox
jumped 06. |- 07. | over the 08. |- 09. |colspan="2"| slow lazy dog. 10. |} 11. | 12.
<nowiki> 13. {| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" 14. | The quick 15. |rowspan="2"| brown
fox
jumped 16. |- 17. | over the 18. |- 19. |colspan="2"| slow lazy dog. 20. |} 21. </nowiki>
 22. |}

Note that this is one table (lines 1, 2, 11 and 22) containing a second table in its first cell (lines 3–10) and the code for the second table in its second cell (lines 12–21).

title: User:Dcljr/Tables


text:
Talk:2004 Summer Olympics opening ceremony

NPOV
This is lovely:

As a reflection of the unpopularity of the American-led War on Iraq, many audience members protested the entrance of the American delegation into the stadium by making a thumbs-down gesture.

Though I like it, is it NPOV? __earth 23:08, Aug 13, 2004 (UTC)

 * If it actually did happen, I think it's fine, though it could give the impression that it's unpopular in all circles, which is obviously not true. My question is whether or not it really did happen, since I haven't found any sources saying it did.  In fact, all of the articles I've read so far said the opposite happened (case in point, albeit from an American paper).  I'm sure it occured with some people, but did enough do it for it to warrant a mention?  I think it would need to be fairly widespread for it to be included.  Beginning 07:16, Aug 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * Perhaps this should be "As a reflection of the apparent unpopularity"? 195.92.194.16 14:51, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I've changed the wording to show that it's the Greeks in this case who disagree with the war, and also included what NBC said about the reaction (that Greeks like Americans while not liking American policy). Also, I've clarified that they protested the war, not the entrace of the Americans.

 * I also cleaned up the following problematic line: "...the Greek crowd reserved their loudest cheers for their fellow Greeks from Cyprus..." Cyprus is disputed and many Cypriots consider themselves to be Turkish.  The crowd didn't say "yay Greek Cypriots, boo Turkish Cypriots!", so how can we say they were cheering for just the Greek ones - or, worse yet, say they're all Greek?  The crowd cheered for Cyprus because Greeks consider the disputed island to be part of their territory.  That's the wording that should be here. Beginning 22:40, Aug 14, 2004 (UTC)

 * The Cypriot Olympic team is all Greek-Cypriot as far as I know, given how the Greek-Cypriot government is the only one officially recognized. If there are Turkish-Cypriot athletes in the Olympics team, I've not heard about it. Aris Katsaris 00:36, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * And btw, there's noone whatsoever who thinks Cyprus is part of the territory of the Greek state!! All of Greece recognizes that Cyprus has an independent government. Aris Katsaris 02:08, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I think the (Australian) telecast I was watching implied that the Cyprus team was opened to both sides this year, so that would mean that there could have been Turkish Cypriot athletes involved. Whether or not I heard it correctly, whether or not the information was correct and whether or not any Turkish Cypriots qualified for the team are three separate issues, of course. BigHaz 02:29, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Continuing with the NPOV discussion, can we actually call Palestine a "country"? Perhaps "nation" would be more appropriate. I know it's a tricky situation, but calling it a "country" seems a bit pro-Palestine, since the majority of world governments do not consider it to be its own country as of now. Beginning 05:49, Aug 19, 2004 (UTC)

TV hype
The TV viewing figures cited in this, until my edit, aren't worthy of Wikipedia. There is simply no way on earth 4.5bn out of a world population of 6bn (that including an estimated 600m babies) actually watched the opening ceremony - that is actually 600m more than the IOC claimed had access to TV coverage, 3.9bn. These figures are the product of marketing hype meeeting the media's love for large figures - and they are just nonsense. Just think of all those people in rural India and China without access to TV who magically managed to watch the Opening Ceremony, if these figures are to be believed. Oh yeah? If you dispute this, read this instructive article from the Wall Street Journal about inflated TV viewing figures: http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB112180840215889963-0heH1LSDovgHdjc0ribnrPO2TbY_20060721.html?mod=tff_main_tff_top Cardicam 22:10, 23 April 2006 (UTC)

Existence
Is there really a point in having a separate encyclopedia article specifically on the opening ceremonies??? Just a question, not meant to cause misunderstanding... Colipon 00:42, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * The main article was 32 Ks long, so I split something off. And we have full articles on the smallest and weirdest topics these days. [[User:Sverdrup|❝Sverdrup❞ ]] 00:56, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I think it's probably worth having articles to mark the details of each opening ceremony -- not to mention that such an article fully expanded would contains links to such diverse matters such as Björk, Costis Stephanopoulos, Centaurs and so forth -- you don't often get to see such diverse issues brought together. :-) Aris Katsaris 00:57, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Afghanistan
Thanks for the factcheck; I missed the start of the opening so I didn't know. I did know that Greece wasn't first, though. Thanks again for checking up on it. --Golbez 03:55, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

East Timor and Koreas
East Timor competed in 2000, but hadn't got its own flag (it competed either under the Olympic flag or the UN flag, I can't find my video of the opening ceremony to check it). I also have a sneaking suspicion that the joint-entry thing done by the Koreas was done in 2000 as well as at the 2002 Winter Games - but I won't change that just as yet.

BigHaz 10:21, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Is Zimbabwe penultimate??
It says Zimbabwe is "often the penultimate nation" in alphabetical order. The "penultimate" one is the one immediately before the last one. Why use the one just before the last one as the example, rather than the very last one? Which one is usually the very last one, just after Zimbabwe? Michael Hardy 21:39, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

PS: See penultimate. Michael Hardy 21:46, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * As the paragraph above it states, the host country is always last, with Zimbabwe going right before it as the last country (alphabetically) in the IOC. The word "penultimate" shouldn't be changed, but "often" should be changed to "usually".  Beginning 22:35, Aug 14, 2004 (UTC)

 * Why should "often" be changed to "usually"? To my knowledge, there have only been two other Olympics in which the host country used a different script to the Roman alphabet (Seoul and Moscow). It strikes me, in my sleep-befuddled brain, that we could do with an even stronger word than "usually", since this is only the 3rd occasion it could have happened - and the other two I don't remember well enough to say if it did. BigHaz 22:44, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * My thinking was that Zimbabwe hasn't actually competed in all that many Olympics now, so historically I don't believe they are the "usual" penultimate nation. However, since they are the usual one now, changing it something stronger seems fine with me.  I was just trying to make it clearer, and I think "usually" does that okay. Beginning 23:04, Aug 14, 2004 (UTC)

 * I disagree. I don't think a NPOV article should assume that Roman alphabets are "usual" and other alphabets are "unusual." Doops 04:21, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * That the host countries of the Olympics have usually had the Roman alphabet is a statement of fact, not of POV. Aris Katsaris 04:44, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * For that matter, did Seoul 1988 use Hangul characters or Moscow 1980 use the Cyrillic alphabet to identify countries where "alphabetical order" was important (such as the opening ceremony)? I can't find anything saying that they did, and since they're the only occasions when the Olympics have been held in a non-Latin-alphabet country (and since Zimbabwe has been independent for both of those games), the point would appear to stand. BigHaz 11:37, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Nikolas Kaklamanakis
NBCOlympics.com has his named spelled "Nikolaos Kaklamanakis", with an additional "o" in his first name. Does anyone know what the proper spelling is? Beginning 23:04, Aug 14, 2004 (UTC)

 * Both Nikolas and Nikolaos (and Nikos) are variations of the same name, but "Nikolaos" is the official name, while "Nikolas" (or "Nikos") is the informal form that normal people would use to refer to him. Greek naming has quirks like that. Google gets you 2460 hits for Nikos Kaklamanakis, 511 for Nikolaos Kaklamanakis and 291 for Nikolas Kaklamanakis. Aris Katsaris 00:42, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Similarly, I have been driven mad by arguing over whether various people should be called "Georgos" or "Georgios." Adam 04:33, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

I think the general view was that the cheers for Portugal at the opening ceremony were ironic. Adam 04:40, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Greek alphabetical order -- details
Can anyone point me at a web page that lists the participating countries in Greek alphabetical order with the names in Greek letters, with an adjacent list of translations into English? Michael Hardy 00:20, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

PS: (There used to be a Wikipedia article titled Greek names of states. It got deleted.  I wish I could refer to it.) Michael Hardy 00:20, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

There's a list in Greek, French, and English at the official Athens 2004 web site: http://www.athens2004.com/Files/pdf/NOC_marching_order.pdf. 69.111.190.179 00:51, 18 Aug 2004 (UTC)

How did they do that?
Does anyone know how the heck they projected the DNA figure onto the mist? I would think laser refraction would just result in disks or blobs. How did they project such clear, rotating lines onto mist? Also, does anyone know how the centuar costume worked so smoothly? And how did that face sculpture fall apart so smoothly? What was all this stuff suspended from?

I worked on the Opening Ceremony and took many photos which explain your questions. See the external link I added on the page.

"Ceremonies" vs "Ceremony"
I don't know why all these articles on Wikipedia refer to the Opening "Ceremonies" - this is the only place I have ever heard the Olympic opener as plural ceremonies, rather than "Ceremony". I have changed this article to reflect the more common usage. See the IOC's usage and the GoogleWar on the terms. - Mark 04:03, 20 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * They say that because the event is frequently called the Opening Ceremonies here in the U.S., and possibly elsewhere. They were called the Opening Ceremonies on NBC here, and a lot of the press articles say that, as well.  I personally have never used anything but "Opening Ceremonies".  It seems to simply be an issue of common usage.  However, since the IOC says "Ceremony", we should go with that.  Thanks for fixing it.  Beginning 06:10, Aug 20, 2004 (UTC)

 * I didn't realise the US called it "ceremonies", usually Google returns the most search results for whatever is commonly used in the US. - Mark 06:52, 20 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't know if everyone does it, but the commentators certainly do, and everyone in my area (right on the line between the Western New England and Eastern New England dialect regions) says "Ceremonies". I think the reasoning is that there are so many different parts of the event, each ceremonial in a different way, so we don't lump them all together.  I don't know that it's the best reasoning, but hey, it's what we do.  However, like was said before, we should go with what the IOC says. Beginning 08:24, Aug 20, 2004 (UTC)

Centaurs
A centaur — whose human and animal parts supposedly symbolize the duality of spirit and body...

Is this line saying that centaurs in general symbolize the duality of spirit and body, or that the specific centaur used in the Opening Ceremony was meant to represent spirit and body? In case it makes a difference, the line used to read "symbolized" instead of "symbolize", which is what makes me question it. Past tense would indicate that the centaur used in the ceremony represented spirit and body, while present would indicate that they always mean that. (Also, I don't think the "supposedly" is necessary in either case, but I could be wrong.) Beginning 01:35, Aug 27, 2004 (UTC)

 * The Greek commentator during the opening ceremonie mentioned that symbolism -- and it fits with the theme of the sequence so I thought it made sense and I mentioned it in the article. I used "supposedly" because I think that to some extent we are only pretending to know what (if anything) the ancients "symbolically meant" with the various mythological creatures they had in the stories... And I used the past tense, because I though it'd be better to limit the talk of the centaur symbolism on what was meant in the ceremony, rather than discuss centaurs in general... Aris Katsaris 02:40, 27 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Rings of Fire
At the end of the opening ceremonies of the 2002 Winter Olympics, an ice skater skated across the floor of the stadium and thereby lit Olympic Rings on the ice, leading to a very similar image as to what appeared in Greece two years later. Perhaps a new tradition was started? Or had this been done in earlier Olympic opening ceremeonies?
 * 4.228.102.212 23:59, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

Images removed
Hi, the 3 images I removed are suspected copyright violations and may soon be deleted from the. If you want to keep them, please consider uploading the images locally as fair use. Thank you. pfctdayelise 07:04, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Jurassic Park
This is 18 months too late, perhaps, but I specifically remember the Jurassic Park theme being played during these ceremonies. Does anyone else remember that, or know why? Am I crazy? -- stillnotelf   has a talk page  04:09, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.fibreglassgrating.co.uk/installations/other_installations/olympic_brochure.html
 * In 2004 Summer Olympics opening ceremony on 2011-05-25 07:48:39, 404 Not Found
 * In 2004 Summer Olympics opening ceremony on 2011-06-11 12:07:51, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 12:08, 11 June 2011 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 15:08, 18 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Olympic Stadium 08-2008 - panoramio.jpg

Dignitaries attend the Opening Ceremony 2004 Athens Olympics
I just want to put in the foreign dignitaries who attend the celebration of athletes during the parade of nations in the Opening Ceremony of the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad Athens 2004 Olympic Homecoming. --72.69.243.12 (talk) 23:53, 4 July 2021 (UTC)
 * If you want to put foreign dignitaries and their attendees, back it up with references. Lama12 (talk) 10:37, 19 July 2021 (UTC)

The name of the officer of the Hellenic Air Force accompanied the President of the Hellenic Republic Konstantinos Stephanopoulos to declare open the 2004 Athens Olympics
At the Opening ceremony, who is the Military supporter Colonel of the Hellenic Air Force that accompanied the President of the Hellenic Republic Konstantinos Stephanopoulos to declare open the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, Greece, of the modern era along with IOC Members and foreign dignitaries? What's the Air Force Officer's name? A gentleman. 72.69.243.12 (talk) 05:33, 24 November 2021 (UTC)

President's Adjutant Officer Colonel Georgios Dritsakos at the Opening Ceremony Athens 2004 Olympics
President's Adjutant Officer of the Hellenic Air Colonel Georgios Dritsakos accompanied the President of the Hellenic Republic Konstantinos Stephanopoulos to declare open the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens 2004 of the modern era. 100.2.114.167 (talk) 21:36, 28 September 2022 (UTC)