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Incorporation (linguistics)

In linguistics, incorporation is a phenomenon by which a grammatical category, such as a verb, forms a compound with its direct object (object incorporation) or adverbial modifier, while retaining its original syntactic function. The inclusion of a noun qualifies the verb, narrowing its scope rather than making reference to a specific entity.

Incorporation is central to many polysynthetic languages such as those found in North America, Siberia and northern Australia. However, polysynthesis does not necessarily imply incorporation (Mithun 2009), and the presence of incorporation does not imply that the language is polysynthetic.

English
Although incorporation does not occur regularly, English uses it sometimes: breastfeed, and direct object incorporation, as in babysit. Etymologically, such verbs in English are usually back-formations: the verbs breastfeed and babysit are formed from the adjective breast-fed and the noun babysitter respectively. Incorporation and plain compounding may be fuzzy categories: consider backstabbing, name-calling, axe murder.

Oneida
The following example from Oneida (Iroquoian) illustrates noun incorporation.

waʼ- k- hninu- ': ne ka- nakt- aʼ

FACT- 1.SG- buy- PUNC ne PREF- bed- SUF

'I bought the bed.'

In this example, the verbal root hninu appears with its usual verbal morphology: a factive marker (FACT), which very roughly translates as past tense, although this is not quite accurate; an agreement marker (1.SG), which tells us that the verb agrees with 1st person singular (the speaker); and an aspect marker, punctual (PUNC), which tells us that this is a completed event. The direct object ne kanaktaʼ follows the verb. The function of the particle ne is to determine the bed: in the example, I bought this specific bed. The word for bed consists of a root nakt plus a prefix and a suffix. The notion of the root is important here, but the properties of the prefix and suffix do not matter for this discussion.

In the following sentence, the bed is unspecified. Unspecified nouns can be incorporated, thus creating a general statement. In this example: I bought a bed (and not a specific bed). In a broader sense, depending on context, it can even mean that I am a bed buyer, as in: I am a trader of beds, buying beds is my profession.

waʼ- ke- nakt- a- hninu- ':

FACT- 1.SG- bed- EPEN- buy- PUNC

'I bought a bed.'

In this example, the root for bed nakt has incorporated into the verbal construction and appears before the verbal root. Two other incidental changes are noticed here. First, the agreement marker in the first example is k and in the second example is ke. These are two phonologically-conditioned allomorphs. In other words, the choice between using k and ke is based on the other sounds in the word (and has nothing to do with noun incorporation). Also, there is an epenthetic vowel a between the nominal and verbal roots. This vowel is inserted to break up an illegal consonant cluster (and also has nothing to do with noun incorporation).

Panare
The next example, from Panare, illustrates the cross-linguistically common phenomenon that the incorporated form of a noun may be significantly different from its unincorporated form. The first sentence contains the incorporated form u '  of "head", and the second its unincorporated form ipu:

y-u'-kïti-ñe amën

3-head-cut-IMPERF.TR 2SG

"You head-cut it."

y-ipu-n yï-kïti-ñe amën

3-head-POSS TR-cut-IMPERF.TR 2SG

"You cut its head."

Chukchi
Chukchi, a Chukotko-Kamchatkan language spoken in North Eastern Siberia, provides a wealth of examples of noun incorporation. The phrase təpelarkən qoraŋə means "I'm leaving the reindeer" and has two words (the verb in the first person singular, and the noun). The same idea can be expressed with the single word təqorapelarkən, in which the noun root qora- "reindeer" is incorporated into the verb word.

Mohawk
Mohawk, an Iroquoian language, makes heavy use of incorporation, as in: watia'tawi'tsherí:io "it is a good shirt", where the noun root atia'tawi "upper body garment" is present inside the verb.

Cheyenne
Cheyenne, an Algonquian language of the plains, also uses noun incorporation on a regular basis. Consider nátahpe'emaheona, meaning "I have a big house", which contains the noun morpheme maheo "house".

Chinese (Mandarin)
Chinese makes extensive use of verb-object compounds, which are compounds composed of two constituents having the syntactic relation of verb and its direct object. For example, the verb shuì-jiào 睡覺 'sleep (VO)' is composed of the verb shuì 睡 'sleep (V)' and the bound morpheme object jiào 覺 'sleep (N)'. Aspect markers (e.g. 了 le PERFECTIVE), classifier phrases (e.g. 三個鐘頭 sān ge zhōngtóu THREE + CL + hours), and other elements may separate the two constituents of these compounds, though different verb-object compounds vary in degree of separability.

Semantics of noun incorporation
In many cases, a phrase with an incorporated noun carries a different meaning with respect to the equivalent phrase where the noun is not incorporated into the verb. The difference seems to hang around the generality and definiteness of the statement. The incorporated phrase is usually generic and indefinite, while the non-incorporated one is more specific.

In Yucatec Maya, for example, the phrase "I chopped a tree", when the word for "tree" is incorporated, changes its meaning to "I chopped wood". In Lahu (a Tibeto-Burman language), the definite phrase "I drink the liquor" becomes the more general "I drink liquor" when "liquor" is incorporated. The Japanese phrase 目を覚ます me o samasu means "to wake up" or literally to wake (one's) eyes. But when the direct object is incorporated into the nominal form of the verb, the resulting noun 目覚まし mezamashi literally means "waking up", as in 目覚まし時計　mezamashidokei meaning "alarm clock."

This tendency is not a rule. There are languages where noun incorporation does not produce a meaning change (though it may cause a change in syntax — as explained below).

What is noun incorporation?
An influential definition of noun incorporation (NI) by Sapir (1911) and Mithun (1984) has stated that NI is “a construction in which a noun and a verb stem combine to yield a complex verb.” Due to the wide variation in how noun incorporation presents itself in different languages, however, it is difficult to create an agreed upon and all-encompassing definition. As a result, most syntacticians have focused on generating definitions that apply to the languages they have studied, regardless of whether or not they are cross-linguistically attested.

Noun incorporation can interact with the transitivity of the verb it applies to in two different ways. In some languages, the incorporated noun deletes one of the arguments of the verb, and this is shown explicitly: if the verb is transitive, the derived verb word with an incorporated noun (which functions as the direct object) becomes formally intransitive and is marked as such. In other languages this change does not take place, or at least it is not shown by explicit morphology. A recent study found out that across languages, morphosyntactically highly transitive verbs and patientive intransitive verbs are most likely to perform noun incorporation.

Incorporation looks at whether verb arguments, its nominal complements, exist on the same syntactic level or not. Incorporation is characterized as a stem combination meaning it combines independent lexical items into a modal or auxiliary verb to ultimately form a complex verb. The stem of the verb will be the determiner of the new category in which the incorporation belongs and the noun which was incorporated drops its own categorical features and grammatical markings, if employed. This is done by the movement of the incorporated noun to its new position in syntax. When participating in noun incorporation, it allows for the speaker to represent an alternative expression to further explain and shift focus to the information being presented (Mithun 1984).

Although incorporation exists in many languages, incorporation is optional and non-obligatory. Incorporation is restricted to certain noun categories; namely on the degree to which they are animate or alive or suppletive forms.

If a language participates in productive compounding it does not allow for incorporation. An example of a compounding language is German. Respectively, if a language participates in incorporation it does not allow for productive compounding.

The most common type of NI is where the incorporated noun acts as the notional subject of the clause. This can be observed in Onondaga, Southern Tiwa and Koryak.

Types of noun incorporation
In 1985, Mithun introduced a four-type system to define the functionality and progression of noun incorporation in a language. This system is important as many discuss this, and it is widely applied to explain the differences in NI in languages. The four types are:

 * 1) Lexical compounding : involves a verb incorporating a nominal argument. The resulting compound usually describes a noteworthy or recurring activity. The noun in these compounds are not commonly marked for definiteness or number.
 * 2) Manipulation of case roles : The second type uses the same process to manipulate case roles, incorporating the argument into the verb to allow for a new argument to take its place.
 * 3) Manipulation of discourse structure : The third type uses noun incorporation to background old or established information. A speaker might explicitly mention an entity once, for example, and thereafter refer to it using an incorporated verbal compound. This kind of noun incorporation is usually seen in polysynthetic languages.
 * 4) Classificatory Incorporation : The fourth and final type proposed by Mithun involves the development of a set of classificatory compounds, in which verbs are paired with generic nouns to describe properties of an entity, rather than the entity itself.

According to Mithun, languages exhibiting any of these types always display all of the lower types as well. This seems to imply a pattern of progression, as Mithun describes in her 1984 paper on the evolution of noun incorporation. It is argued that it is necessary to distinguish at least two types of noun incorporation.

Accounts for noun incorporation
A large field of inquiry is whether NI is a syntactic process (verb and noun originate in different nodes and come together through syntactic means), a lexical process (word formation rules that apply in the lexicon dictate NI), or a combined process which investigates the which aspects of noun incorporation can be productively created through general syntactic rules and which must be specified in the lexicon. Of course, this will vary by language as some languages (primarily polysynthetic ones) allow for incorporated structures in a wide variety of sentences whereas in languages such as English, this incorporation is more limited. Theories of morphology-syntax interaction and the debate between syntactic and lexical accounts of NI should strive to be restrictive enough to account for the stable properties of NI in a unified way, but also account for language-specific variations. Within this section, we will focus on describing the influential syntactic and combined approaches to NI, though it is important to note that highly influential lexical accounts, such as Rosen's (1989) paper do exist.

One highly influential syntactic account for NI is the head movement process proposed by Baker (1988). This account states that this NI head movement is distinct from but similar to the better-established phenomenon of phrase movement and involves the movement of a head noun out of object position and into a position where it adjoins to a governing verb. An example of this movement can be seen in figure 1 where the head noun 'baby' is moved out of the object N position to become incorporated with the verb as the sister to the verb 'sit'. While this theory does not account for every language, it does provide a starting point for subsequent syntactic analyses of NI, both with and without head movement. A more recent paper by Baker (2007) addresses a number of other influential accounts including Massam’s pseudo-incorporation, Van Geenhoven’s base generation, and Koopman and Szabolcsi’s small phrase movement. It was concluded that while each have their strong points, they all fail to answer some important questions, thus requiring the continued use of Baker's head movement account.

Others, including Barrrie and Mattieu (2016) have argued against Baker’s  head movement hypothesis. They have investigated Onondaga and Ojibwe and proposed that phrasal movement rather than head movement can account for NI in a number of languages (including Mohawk).

Polysynthetic languages
A polysynthetic language is a language in which multiple morphemes, including affixes are often present within a single word. Each word can therefore express the meaning of full clauses or phrase and this structure has implications on how noun incorporation is exhibited in the languages in which it's observed.

Lakhota
In Lakhota, a Siouan language of the plains, for example, the phrase "the man is chopping wood" can be expressed either as a transitive wičháša kiŋ čháŋ kiŋ kaksáhe ("man the wood the chopping") or as an intransitive wičháša kiŋ čhaŋkáksahe ("man the wood-chopping") in which the independent nominal čháŋ, "wood," becomes a root incorporated into the verb: "wood-chopping."

Mohawk
Mohawk is an Iroquoian language in which noun incorporation occurs. NI is a very salient property of Northern Iroquoian languages including Mohawk and is seen unusually often in comparison to other languages. Noun incorporation in Mohawk involves the compounding of a noun stem with a verb stem to form a new verb stem.

Only the noun stem is incorporated into the verb in NI, not the whole noun word.

Mohawk grammar allows for whole propositions to be expressed by one word, which is classified as a verb. Other core elements, namely nouns (subjects, objects, etc.) can be incorporated into the verb. Well-formed verb phrases contain at the bare minimum a verb root and a pronominal prefix. The rest of the elements (and therefore noun incorporation) are optional. In the example sentences below, one can see the original sentence in 1a and the same sentence with noun incorporation into the verb in 1b where instead of "bought a bed," the literal translation of the sentence is "bed-bought."

Wa'-k-hnínu-' ne ka-nákt-a'

FACT-1sS-buy-PUNC NE Ns-bed-NSF

'I bought the/a bed'

Wa'-ke-nákt-a-hnínu-'

FACT-1sS-bed-∅-buy-PUNC

'I bought the/a bed'

It is true in Mohawk, as it is in many languages, that the direct object of a transitive verb can incorporate, but the subject of a transitive verb cannot. This can be seen in the examples below as the well-formed sentence in 2a involves the incorporation of na'tar (bread), the direct object of the transitive verb kwetar (cut). Example 2b represents a sentence that is ill-formed as it cannot possess the same meaning as 2a ('this knife cuts bread'). This is because the subject of the transitive verb, a'shar (knife), is being incorporated into the verb which is not attested in Mohawk.

Kikv a'shar-e' ka-na'tar-a-kwetar-vs

this knife-NSF NsS-bread-∅-cut-HAB

'This knife cuts bread'

 * 1) Kikv w-a'shar-a-kwetar-vs ne ka-na'tar-o

this NsS-knife-∅-cut-HAB NE Ns-bread-NSF

'The bread cuts this knife'

Further, a unique feature of Mohawk is the fact that this language allows for noun incorporation into intransitives as illustrated in example sentence 3. Hri' (shatter) is an intransitive verb which the noun stem ks (dish) is being incorporated into, producing a well-formed sentence.

Wa'-t-ka-ks-a-hri'-ne'

FACT-DUP-NsS-dish-∅-shatter-PUNC

'The dish broke'

Another feature of Mohawk which is not as commonly attested cross-linguistically is that Mohawk allows a demonstrative, numeral, or adjective outside the complex verb to be interpreted as a modifier of the incorporated noun. Example sentence 4 illustrates this below. Here, the demonstrative thinkv (that) refers to and therefore modifies the incorporated noun ather (basket).

Wa'-k-ather-a-hninu-' thinkv

FACT-1sS-basket-∅-buy-PUNC that

'I bought that basket'

According to Mithun's (1984) theory of noun incorporation classification, Mohawk is generally considered a type IV language because the incorporated noun modifies the internal argument. As a result of this classification, NI is Mohawk can follow any of the four structures listed in Mithun's paper including lexical compounding, manipulation of case roles, manipulation of discourse structure, and classificatory incorporation.

Baker, Aranovich, & Golluscio claim that the structure of NI in Mohawk is the result of noun movement in the syntax. This is an extension of Baker's head movement hypothesis which is described above. The differences that Mohawk displays as compared to other languages therefore depends on whether or not the person, number, and gender features are retained in the ‘trace’ of the noun, the trace being the position from where the noun moved from object position before adjoinig to the governing verb. Figure 2 illustrates a simplified syntax tree of noun incorporation in Mohawk following Baker's head movement hypothesis. Here, the noun -wir- (baby) is moved from the object N position to become incorporated with the verb as the sister to the verb -núhwe'- (to like). Please note that some details were not included in this tree for illustrative purposes.

Oneida
In the Oneida language (an Iroquoian language spoken in Southern Ontario and Wisconsin), one finds classifier noun incorporation, in which a generic noun acting as a direct object can be incorporated into a verb, but a more specific direct object is left in place. In a rough translation, one would say for example "I animal-bought this pig", where "animal" is the generic incorporated noun. Note that this "classifier" is not an actual classifier (i.e. a class agreement morpheme) but a common noun.

Cherokee
Cherokee language is a language spoken by the Cherokee people, and is an Iroquoian language. Noun incorporation in Cherokee is very limited and the cases are lexicalized. All of the noun incorporation in Cherokee involves a body part word and few nouns, and to make up for the lack of NI, Cherokee has a system of classificatory verbs with five distinct categories.

English
English noun incorporation differs from the polysynthetic languages' described above.

Noun incorporation was not traditionally common in English but has over time become more productive. Productive incorporation involves a singular noun with no determiner, quantifier or adjunct.

Noun incorporation forms a new verb through lexical compounding. The noun brings a recognizable concept that alters the semantics of a verb. This is known as an incorporation complex, decreasing or increasing the verb valency.

In English, it is more common for an argument or an actant to be incorporated with the predicate, which results in additional connotation or metaphoric meaning, e.g., to house-hunt. Although often making the semantics more complex, it simplifies the syntax of the sentence by incorporating the actant-sender house.

English uses only lexical compounding, not composition by juxtaposition nor morphological compounding. Lexical compounding occurs for an entity, quality or activity that deserves its own name, e.g., mountain-climbing. If mountain-climbing were not an institutional activity, the language would be less likely to recognize. To be incorporated into a host verb, the noun's syntactic features get dropped.

English also uses conversion, forming denominal verbs. The incorporated actants do not possess a separate syntactic position in the verbs.

The following illustrates the three sources of incorporation in English with corresponding examples: In the examples above, the incorporated actant possesses a separate syntactic position in the verb.

Hungarian
Hungarian is a Uralic language in which many different types of noun incorporation occur. Hungarian's linguistic typology is agglutinative, meaning that the language has words that consists of more than one morphemes. Hungarian combines "bare noun + verb" to form a new complex verb, and this would correspond to Mithun's first type of NI, lexical compounding. Phonologically, the V and N are separate words, but syntactically, the N loses its syntactic status as the argument of the sentence, and VN unit becomes an intransitive predicate. This is demonstrated in the examples below: To be clear, to 'house-build' is not the same as to 'build a house.' 'house-building' is a complex activity and a unitary concept, and this is applied to other examples as well. The object argument of the underlying verb may be satisfied by the bare noun, but the bare noun does not act as an argument of a sentence like it usually would. In Hungarian, for examples such as the one mentioned, the incorporating verb must be imperfective and the complex verb formed from it always must be intransitive.

In Hungarian, incorporated nominals may be morphologically singular or plural - this is dependent on whether languages allow this or not in their incorporation. One restriction of Hungarian is that bare object nouns cannot be incorporated with prefixed verbs. Another restriction of Hungarian is that stative verbs do not allow noun incorporation, even if the stative verbs are not prefixed verbs. However, it is important note that there are some unprefixed verbs that are perfective and allow NI in Hungarian.

Korean
Korean, national language of South Korea and North Korea, is part of Koreanic language family and also has noun incoporation.

Specifically, Korean obeys the Head Movement Constraint by Baker (1988) that was discussed in the prior section.

Korean has incorporated nouns in the structure of [N + VStem + AN1(i)] which is different that the normal N + V like in English. AN is an affix in this case. In Korean, the noun, the head of the preceding NP, moves to the head of the VP to form a syntactic compound. Then the complex VP moves up to the right of the nominal head position where is '-i' is base-generated.

title: Incorporation (linguistics)


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Japanese language
Nice edit on the phonology of Japanese. (I was beginning to think my ears were deceiving me.) Gdr 13:43, 2004 Aug 11 (UTC)

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title: User talk:NTiOzymandias


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Marc Bolan's Rock Shrine

Marc Bolan's Rock Shrine is a memorial to Marc Bolan, of glam-rock band T. Rex, on the site where he died in a car crash in Barnes, London, on 16 September 1977. Bolan was a passenger in a car which hit a part-metal and wood fence and then a sycamore tree on Queen's Ride (part of the B306, close to Gipsy Lane). A memorial stone was unveiled at the site in 1997, and a bust of Bolan added in 2002.

Origins
Marc Bolan died, aged 29, from injuries sustained when his purple Mini, driven by his girlfriend Gloria Jones, crashed. Jones lost control of the car and it struck a steel reinforced chain link fence post, and came to rest against a sycamore tree after failing to navigate a small humpback bridge, near Gipsy Lane on Queens Ride, Barnes, south-west London. From the day of the accident, the site became a place of pilgrimage to Bolan fans and this was reported in various newspapers from 1978 onwards. Coincidentally the registration number of the car was FOX 661L and within the lyrics of his single "Solid Gold Easy Action" are the lines "Easy as picking foxes from a tree" and "Woman from the east with her headlights shining".

In September 1997, the Performing Right Society (PRS) installed a memorial stone for Bolan, facing into Gipsy Lane at the base of the embankment from the "Bolan Tree" located in Queen's Ride. In 1999 the T-Rex Action Group (TAG) was formed with the specific aim of caring for the site. TAG were granted an in perpetuity lease on the site with ownership and full responsibility for the "Bolan Tree". During 2000, TAG built steps up the muddy embankment between the "Bolan Tree" on Queen's Ride and the PRS memorial stone facing Gipsy Lane and took the action needed to make the tree safe so that the threat of falling was removed.

In 2002, a bronze bust of Bolan paid for exclusively by T-Rex Action Group founder Fee Warner, and sculpted by Canadian sculptor Jean Robillard, was unveiled by Bolan's only child – Rolan Bolan.

In 2005, memorial plaques were fitted to the steps to remember other members of T.Rex who have also died: Steve Peregrin Took, Steve Currie, Mickey Finn and Dino Dines. A memorial plaque was also included for Marc Bolan's wife June Bolan (née Child) as recognition for her contribution to his success.

Official recognition
In February 2007, the 30th anniversary year of Marc Bolan's death, the work done by the T-Rex Action Group since 1999 was recognised by the English Tourist Board's publication of its new guide England Rocks which features 113 "Sites of Rock 'n' Roll Importance" in England. In London, 29 sites are listed, but many are "general sites" such as Abbey Road and Wembley Stadium which are not "person-specific". Only Marc Bolan, Jimi Hendrix and Freddie Mercury are listed in the guide in their own right.

title: Marc Bolan's Rock Shrine


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Airwaves (TV series)

Airwaves is a Canadian television dramedy series, which aired on CBC Television in 1986 and 1987.

Plot
The Toronto-filmed show starred Roberta Maxwell as Jean Lipton, a radio talk show host and widowed mother, who lived with her daughter Zoe, played by Ingrid Veninger, and her father Bob, played by Roland Hewgill. Maxwell has indicated that Canadian journalist-activist June Callwood was a basis for her portrayal of Jean.

The show's cast also included Taborah Johnson, Alec Willows, and Kimble Hall. Writers for the series included Judith Thompson, John Frizzell, Susan Martin, Rob Forsythe, Linda Svendsen and Paul Gross.

Production
Some of the early episodes were criticized as clunky, with Ross McLean of The Globe and Mail writing that the show seemed unsure of its identity, and even the producers later acknowledging that they had tried to fit too much into a half-hour show. The show was retooled slightly in its second season, with the writers getting a firmer grasp on the stories they wanted to tell and adding two new characters: Christopher Bolton in the role of Matt, Jean's nephew, and Patrick Rose as Dale, Jean's new coworker at the radio station. Critics responded favourably to the changes, with even McLean himself noting by 1987 that the show had significantly improved.

The show was modestly successful, with an average audience of 850,000 viewers per week in its first season. and 761,000 viewers in its second. Although the CBC was willing to order a third season, the producers decided to end the series as they felt it was better to move on to other projects than to continue tinkering with a show that wasn't getting the ratings they wanted. However, CBC subsequently reran the first two seasons, outside of prime time, in 1990.

The series was repeated on Vision TV from 1989 to 1991.

title: Airwaves (TV series)


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FC Dynamo Kyiv

Football Club Dynamo Kyiv, also known as FC Dynamo Kiev, Dynamo Kyiv, Dynamo Kiev, or simply Dynamo, (Футбольний клуб «Динамо» Київ, ) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Kyiv. Founded in 1927 as a Kyivan football team of republican branch of the bigger Soviet Dynamo Sports Society, the club as a separate business entity was officially formed only in 1989 and currently plays in the Ukrainian Premier League, and has never been relegated to a lower division. The club has secured brand rights from the Ukrainian Dynamo society and has no direct relations to the sports society since 1989. Their home is the 70,050 capacity Olimpiyskiy National Sports Complex.

Since 1936, Dynamo Kyiv has spent its entire history in the top league of Soviet and later Ukrainian football. Its most successful periods are associated with Valeriy Lobanovskyi, who coached the team during three stints, leading them to numerous domestic and European titles. In 1961, the club became first-ever in the history of Soviet football that managed to overcome the total hegemony of Moscow-based clubs in the Soviet Top League. The Spartak Moscow–Dynamo Kyiv rivalry that began in the mid-1970s, is widely considered to have been one of the most exciting football rivalries in the Soviet Union. Since becoming the first Soviet football club to participate in UEFA competition in 1965, Dynamo Kyiv has played in European competitions almost every season.

Over its history, Dynamo Kyiv have won 16 Ukrainian top-flight league titles, 13 Soviet top-flight league titles, 11 Ukrainian national cup competitions, 9 Soviet national cup competitions, and three continental titles (including two UEFA Cup Winners' Cups). Its two European Cup Winners' Cups make it one of the only two Soviet clubs to have won a UEFA trophy, the other being Dinamo Tbilisi. The Dynamo Kyiv first team became a base team for the Soviet Union national football team in the 1970–1980s and the Ukraine national football team in the 1990–2000s. The two stars on the club's crest each signify 10 top-flight seasons Dynamo Kyiv won. The club was recognised as the Eastern European Club of the 20th Century by France-Presse.

Early history

Today's club was established based on the first squad of Kyiv's branch of the all-Union Dynamo sports society and its republican branch in the Ukrainian SSR, originally based out of Kharkiv. The Soviet government relocated capital to Kyiv in 1934. The all-Union Dynamo sports society was a sports department of the Soviet state security KGB, originally Cheka-OGPU. During the Soviet period Dynamo's players same as players of all Dynamos in the Soviet Union were officially Soviet uniform servicemembers earning rank, salary, and pension when playing on the team of masters.

On 13 May 1927, the statute of the Kyivan Proletarian Sport Society (PST) Dynamo was officially registered by the special commission in affairs of public organizations and unions of the Kyiv district. The All-Union sport society of Dynamo in Moscow was formed earlier in 1923 on the initiative of the Felix Dzerzhinsky. A year later the first Ukrainian branch cell of the Dynamo sports society was formed in Kharkiv. Under the banner of Kyivan Dynamo gathered the representatives of the local GPU (State Political Directorate), the Soviet secret police, the best footballers of which defended the honors of the Trade Union club "Sovtorgsluzhashchie", a portmanteau for Soviet retail servicemen. It was a common practice of the early Soviet sports societies that were formed based on already existing "pre-revolutionary" (1917 Bolshevik Revolution) sports societies in 1920s.

The leadership of Dynamo did not dare to reorganize the well-established club and the main title contender in the middle of a playing season. Therefore, the first mention of the football club Dynamo could only be found on 5 April 1928 in the Russian-language newspaper (at that time) Vecherniy Kiev ("Evening Kyiv").

The Kyivan Sport Society Dynamo currently is organizing its own football team. "Dynamo" petitioned to Okrsofik for inclusion of its team in the playing season.

It was then when by the initiative of Semyon Zapadny, chief of the Kyiv GPU, the football team was created. His deputy, Sergei Barminsky, started to form the team not only out of regular chekists (members of the Soviet secret police), but also footballers of other clubs in the city among which is mentioned a team "Sovtorgsluzhaschie". All the footballers were either part of the consolidated city team or the city champions. The newly created team played its first official match on 1 July 1928 against a local consolidated city team while visiting Bila Tserkva. Already on the fifth minute the Dynamo-men opened the score in the game, however, at the end the club lost it 1–2. On 15 July, the Bila Tserkva newspaper Radyanska Nyva ("Soviet Fields") put it in such words:

In the second halftime Bila Tserkva easily strikes the ball in the net, thus, equalizing the score. Kyiv tried several counter attacks and even earned a free kick which was not able to convert. Near the end Bila Tserkva under the applause of thousands of spectators strikes in the second ball. The final whistle of the referee has fixated the victory of Bila Tserkva with the score 2:1.

The next match played by Dynamo was on 17 July 1928 hosting another Dynamo from the port city of Odesa. The match ended in draw 2:2. At the end of July Dynamo toured Belarus playing against the republican team of Belarus (1:5) and the districtal team of Gomel District (3:2). On 1 September 1928 Dynamo Kyiv was hosting the Dynamo's primary team from Moscow and were thrashed 2:6. It was then Dynamo Kyiv was led by a playing coach Vasyl Boiko whose role is indicated as an instructor-organizer. Later in October 1928 Dynamo Kyiv took part in its first official tournament the 1928 Kyiv city championship and won it. On 18 November 1928 Dynamo Kyiv overpowered the Kyiv's main football team of that period, Zheldor, 1:0.

As the club gained more experience and played on a regular basis, it started to fill the stadium with spectators with both the club and football in general gaining popularity in Soviet Ukraine.

On 14 September 1929 Dynamo Kyiv played its first international match against visiting workers' team from Deutsch-Wagram, Lower Austria and lost it 3:4.

Its club stadium Dynamo opened on 12 June 1933, a year before the Soviet government turned the city into capital of the Soviet Ukraine.

During the Soviet era, the club was one of the main rivals, and often the only rival, to football clubs from Moscow. Its ability to challenge the dominance of the Moscow clubs in Soviet football, and frequently defeat them to win the Soviet championship, was a matter of national pride for Ukraine. Leaders of the Ukrainian SSR unofficially regarded the club as their national team and provided it with generous support, making Dynamo a professional team of international importance.

In 1936, the first Soviet Championship was played, and Dynamo Kyiv was one of the pioneers of the newly formed league. The club's early successes were however limited to a second-place finish in 1936 and third place in 1937. In the 1941 season, the club only played nine matches as World War II interrupted league play.

The Death Match
The propaganda story is often told of how the Dynamo team, playing as "Start, City of Kyiv All-Stars", was executed by a firing squad in the summer of 1942 for defeating an All-Star team from the German armed forces by 5–1. The actual story, as recounted by Y. Kuznetsov, is considerably more complex. Still, this match has subsequently become known in the Soviet media as "The Death Match".

After the Nazi occupation of Ukraine began, former professional football players (Dynamo and Lokomotyv) found employment in the city's Bakery No. 3, and continued to play amateur football. The team participated in exhibition games that took place in the city among various other teams including teams composed of the Wehrmacht soldiers. The Kyiv's team played under the name of "Start", comprising eight players from Dynamo Kyiv (Nikolai Trusevych, Mikhail Svyridovskiy, Nikolai Korotkykh, Oleksiy Klymenko, Fedir Tyutchev, Mikhail Putistin, Ivan Kuzmenko, Makar Honcharenko) and three players from Lokomotyv Kyiv (Vladimir Balakin, Vasyl Sukharev and Mikhail Melnyk).

In July and August 1942, "Start" played a series of matches against the Germans and their allies. On 12 July, a German army team was defeated. A stronger army team was selected for the next match on 17 July, which "Start" defeated 6–0. On 19 July, "Start" defeated the Hungarian team MSG Wal 5–1. The Hungarians proposed a return match, held on 26 July, but were defeated again, 3–2.

"Start"'s streak was noticed and a match was announced for 6 August against a "most powerful" "undefeated" German Luftwaffe Flakelf (anti-aircraft artillery) team, but despite the game being talked up by the newspapers, they failed to report the 5–1 result. On 9 August, "Start" played a "friendly" against Flakelf and again defeated them. The team defeated Rukh 8–0 on 16 August, and afterwards, some of "Start"'s players were arrested by the Gestapo, tortured – Nikolai Korotkykh died during the torture – and sent to the nearby labour camp at Syrets. There is speculation that the players were arrested due to the intrigues of Georgy Shvetsov, founder and trainer of the "Rukh" team, as the arrests were made in a couple of days after "Start" defeated "Rukh".

In February 1943, following an attack by partisans or a conflict of the prisoners and administration, one-third of the prisoners at Syrets were killed in reprisal, including Ivan Kuzmenko, Oleksey Klymenko and goalkeeper Nikolai Trusevich. Three of the other players – Makar Honcharenko, Fedir Tyutchev and Mikhail Sviridovskiy – who were in a work squad in the city that day, were arrested a few days later or, according to other sources, escaped and hid in the city until it was liberated.

The story inspired three films: the 1961 Hungarian film drama Two Half Times in Hell, the 1981 American film Escape to Victory and the 2012 Russian film Match.

Road to the first championship title: 1944–1963
Only on 2 May 1944, after the return of Soviet regime, a friendly match between Dynamo Kyiv and Spartak Moscow took place at the Dynamo Stadium. From the pre-war (World War II) team there remained Anton Idzkovsky, Mykola Makhynia, Petro Laiko, Pavlo Vinkovatov, Mykola Balakin, Kostyantyn Kalach, including those who participated in the 1942 matches Makar Honcharenko and former Lokomotyv Kyiv players Volodymyr Balakin, Vasyl Sukharev.

In the first post-war years, all those who remained in the team were already quite old to play on the first team. Although in those years Dynamo Kyiv was joined by a whole group of younger footballers from Transcarpathian clubs (Vasyl Hodnychak, Ernest Yust, Zoltan Dyerfi, Zoltan Senhetovskyi, Mykhailo Koman, Dezyderiy Tovt and others), the team still could not really compete with other clubs, who endured the war better. In 1945, Dynamo took the penultimate place in the championship, and in 1946 - the very last, and, according to the regulations, it was supposed to be relegated, but an exception was made for the team, remembering the wartime losses. In addition, these events were accompanied by coaching fever: from 1946 to 1951, the club changed ten coaches.

The first post-war success was the victory in the doubles (reserves) tournament in the 1949 season. Since 1946 the Soviet first tier league was conducting championship among younger players which ran parallel to the championship among the first squads.

The turning point came during the 1951 season, before which Oleg Oshenkov took charge of the club. The new coach introduced to the main team younger players who had proven themselves well in doubles (reserves) competitions, also he drastically shortened the winter vacation of his players, offering them a serious physical training program that included sports games, various exercises and even boxing. Already in the next championship, which took place in one round robin in Moscow, it brought the first results. Dynamo Kyiv turned from a mid-table team into one of the favorites, winning the silver medals, just behind Spartak Moscow.

Oshenkov's players achieved their first big victory during the 1954 Soviet Cup. On the way to the finals, the Kyiv team defeated Spartak Vilnius (4:2), Spartak Moscow (3:1), CDKA (3:1, in extra time), Zenit Leningrad (1:0, in extra time). In the cup's final at Moscow's "Dynamo Stadium", the Kyiv's team faced off with a poorly known (at that time) Spartak Yerevan. The match took place in heavy rain and fog, but all the same, the Kyivans were able to defeat their opponents and win the Soviet Cup for the first time in their history. In the final match took part following players Oleg Makarov (goalkeeper), Arkadiy Larionov, Vitaliy Golubyev, Tiberiy Popovich, Oleksandr Koltsov, Mykhaylo Mykhalyna, Volodymyr Bohdanovych, Viktor Terentiev (substitute with Pavlo Vinkovatov), Andrei Zazroyev (captain), Mykhaylo Koman, Viktor Fomin and Oleg Oshenkov as a head coach. Goals in the final were scored by Terentiev and Koman.

On 29 July 1959, an international friendly match between the football teams "Dynamo" (Kyiv, Ukraine) and "Dynamo" (Bacău, Romania) took place in Kyiv, which ended with a score of 3:0.

At the end of the 1950s, the Dynamo revamped its squad. The club left Yevhen Lemeshko, Leonid Ostroushko, Ernest Yust, Mykola Romanov, Yuriy Shevchenko, Vitaliy Sobolev. The club's ranks were refilled with Serhiy Bohachyk, Ishtvan Sekech, Valeriy Lobanovskyi, Yevhen Snitko, Andriy Havashi, Vasyl Turyanchyk, Yozhef Sabo, while, a well-known former CDKA player (the "Team of Lieutenants"), Vyacheslav Solovyov became the head coach. The 1960 season brought to the Kyivans the "silver".

In the 1961 season, Dynamo won the Soviet Union championship for the first time. The team from the capital of the Ukrainian SSR finished ahead of Torpedo Moscow (title holders) by 4 points. Dynamo Kyiv played 30 matches in the national championship (16 participants). Only three of those matches Dynamo lost and nine ended in a draw. The fact that they scored as many as 54 goals in 30 games testifies to the strength of the Dynamo's offensive line, where played such players like Oleh Bazylevych, Viktor Kanevskyi, Valeriy Lobanovskyi, Viktor Serebryanikov. And about the strength of the defensive line - the fact that the experienced goalkeeper Oleg Makarov never had to take the ball out of the net in 12 matches. It was the first time in the history of the Soviet Union championships, when the national title of the country's champion was gained by a non-Moscow club.

The first Dynamo gold medals received: (first number indicates games played, second - goals scored (or allowed))
 * Goalkeepers: Oleg Makarov (29, 26), Leonid Klyuev (4, 2).
 * Defenders: Nikolay Koltsov (28), Anatoliy Suchkov (25), Volodymyr Shcheholkov (22), Vitaliy Shcherbakov (12), Vasyl Turyanchyk (9, 1), Vladimir Yerokhin (2).
 * Midfielders: Yozhef Sabo (27, 3), Yuriy Voynov (21, 3), Volodymyr Anufriyenko (15), Vladimir Sorokin (3), Valeriy Verigin (3), Viktor Pestrykov (1).
 * Forwards: Viktor Serebryanikov (29, 4), Valeriy Lobanovskyi (28, 10), Viktor Kanevskyi (26, 18), Oleh Bazylevych (26, 10), Andriy Biba (17, 5), Valentyn Troyanovskyi (15, 2), Mykola Kashtanov (11, 1), Igor Zaytsev (8, 1).
 * Senior coach: Vyacheslav Solovyov. Team's nachalnik: Viktor Terentiev. Coach: Mykhaylo Koman.

After the triumphant season of 1961, in the following two seasons, Dynamo's position significantly worsened. In 1962, the team took 5th place, and the following year - 7th.

Last Soviet years
In 1989, the club transitioned into an independent company being disassociated from the Ukrainian republican society of Dynamo. The club transitioned from the Soviet "team of masters" to a regular professional football club of "western" style as it was interpreted then. It also was part of the Mikhail Gorbachev's Perestroika reforms known as Khozrasschyot when state enterprises had difficult time to keep their associate organizations afloat and encouraged them to reorganize into self-sustained businesses.

During the last seasons of the Soviet Top League, it competed in the national colors of Ukraine as part of the national movement that grew very popular.

Ukrainian Independence
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the club became a member of the newly formed Ukrainian Premier League. By the summer of 1993, however, the club was in crisis as the economic policy of Dynamo president Viktor Bezverkhy set Dynamo on the path to bankruptcy. On 19 July 1993, an extraordinary assembly of coaches and players fired Bezverkhy and established a stock society called "Football Club "Dynamo (Kyiv)". Hryhoriy Surkis was elected president of the new company. The republican and city councils of the Dynamo society agreed to hand over two training centers and Dynamo Stadium to Dynamo Kyiv. The founders besides the football team and the Dynamo councils became also the commercial consulting centre Slavutych and the British firm Newport Management. A review board was created, consisting of directors of the Ministry of Interior of Ukraine, and the Security Service, Border Troops, and General Prosecutor of Ukraine.

Dynamo's status as the country's principal club did not change, however, as they went on to dominate domestic competitions, winning or being runner-up in every year of the Premier League's existence and becoming a fixture in the UEFA Champions League. Its main rival in Ukraine is Shakhtar Donetsk, a club from the Donbas region, that came second to Dynamo several times before winning its first Premier League in 2002. The matches between these two sides are called the Ukrainian derby.

In 2007, as a part of club's 80-year anniversary, two gold stars were added to the top of the crest, representing ten Ukrainian championship titles and ten USSR champion titles. Due to club's poor performance in the UEFA Champions League during the last two seasons, Dynamo's management took a somewhat unexpected decision by appointing the first foreign manager in the club's history. Previously, only former players or Dynamo football academy graduates became managers, but in December 2007 Russian coach Yuri Semin was invited to become the new manager of Dynamo Kyiv. However, the club yielded to Shakhtar Donetsk in both the Ukrainian Cup and Premier League in 2008. In 2009. in the club's most successful European campaign since 1999, it reached the semi-finals of the UEFA Cup (eliminating such teams as Valencia and Paris Saint-Germain) but was defeated at that stage by Shakhtar Donetsk. However, 2009 also brought success, as the club celebrated its 13th Premier League title.

In a season which contained their record win, a 9–0 victory over Illichivets Mariupol, the club only managed to finish runners-up in the league in 2010–11, after Shakhtar Donetsk. In what would be icon Andriy Shevchenko's final season at the club, Dynamo also finished as runners-up in 2011–12. In the 2011–12 season Dynamo also managed to reach the group stage of the Europa League after being eliminated in the Champions League third qualifying round by Rubin Kazan by 0–2 in Kyiv and 2–1 in Kazan. In the Europa League playoffs, the club managed to defeat Litex Lovech with a 3–1 aggregate score. In the group stage, Dynamo finished third after a disappointing campaign in a group containing Beşiktaş, Maccabi Tel Aviv and Stoke City.

In April 2013, it was announced the club would play two European ties behind closed doors due to racism from fans during previous European ties. In the 2012–13 season, the club managed to qualify for the Champions League group stage after eliminating Feyenoord 3–1 and Borussia Mönchengladbach 4–3 on aggregate and qualified for the Champions League group stage. Dynamo was placed in a group with Paris Saint-Germain, Porto and Dinamo Zagreb and finished in third place with only five points and was eliminated in the Europa League round of 32 by Bordeaux 2–1 on aggregate. In the Premier League, Dynamo finished third, whereas in the Cup, it was eliminated in the round of 32. Overall, the 2012–13 season was a disappointment for Dynamo. The 2013–14 season was an equally disappointing season as Dynamo finished in fourth place in the league, the worst since the establishment of the Premier League and only managed to reach the round of 32 in the Europa League where it was eliminated by Valencia 2–0 on aggregate. Oleh Blokhin was sacked and was replaced by former player Serhii Rebrov. As a result, Dynamo managed to win the 2013–14 Ukrainian Cup for the first time in five years.

Dynamo's revival

In the beginning of the 2014–15 season, Dynamo signed many promising players such as Aleksandar Dragović, Jeremain Lens (departed after end of the season), Łukasz Teodorczyk and Vitorino Antunes. Under Rebrov, Dynamo won the 2014–15 Ukrainian Premier League – undefeated – and the 2014–15 Ukrainian Cup to earn a domestic double for the first time in eight years. In the 2014–15 Europa League, Dynamo comfortably qualified from a group containing Aalborg BK, Steaua București and Rio Ave, finishing in first place with 15 points. In the round of 32, the club eliminated Guingamp 4–3 on aggregate, and in the round of 16, eliminated Everton 6–4 on aggregate after a spectacular 5–2 performance in Kyiv. Rebrov prioritized the passing game but focused on solid defensive foundations. However, in the quarter-finals of the Europa League, Dynamo was eliminated by Fiorentina 3–1 on aggregate.

In the beginning of the 2015–16 season, Dynamo signed the highly talented Derlis González and was drawn in Group G of the 2015–16 Champions League alongside Chelsea F.C., FC Porto and Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. Dynamo finished in second place with 11 points after a spectacular performance and a memorable 0–2 in Porto. However, Dynamo was punished by UEFA for a racist incident in the home game against Chelsea where four black men were attacked in the stands by Dynamo fans.

Despite this, Dynamo reached the round of 16 in the Champions League for the first time since 2000, where it was drawn with Manchester City. Dynamo was eliminated 1–3 on aggregate but managed to hold an impressive 0–0 draw in Manchester. Dynamo's domestic performance was equally memorable as the club celebrated the 2015–16 Ukrainian Premier League only losing to archrival Shakhtar Donetsk 0–3 twice and was eliminated in the quarter-finals of the 2015–16 Ukrainian Cup. At the end of the season, several star performers (such as Miguel Veloso, Aleksandar Dragović, Younès Belhanda and Łukasz Teodorczyk) departed the club and were not replaced.

Stagnation period
The 2016–17 season was a relative disappointment for Dynamo, as the club finished in second place in the 2016–17 Ukrainian Premier League, behind Shakhtar Donetsk, with a difference of 13 points after a string of disappointing results. In the 2016–17 Champions League, the club was drawn in Group B alongside Napoli, Benfica and Beşiktaş J.K. Dynamo finished in fourth place after a dismal campaign, but managed to record a memorable 6–0 win over Beşiktaş in Kyiv. In the winter transfer window, Dynamo signed promising defenders Aleksandar Pantić and Tamás Kádár and focused on youth academy talents such as Viktor Tsyhankov, Artem Besyedin and Volodymyr Shepelyev, managing to improve its performances. Dynamo lost the 2016–17 Ukrainian Cup to Shakhtar Donetsk 0–1 in the final.

For the 2017–18 season, after Serhii Rebrov departed, the club appointed former player Alyaksandr Khatskevich as Rebrov's replacement. In Khatskevich's first two seasons at the helm, Dynamo failed to qualify for the UEFA Champions League group stage, having to settle for the UEFA Europa League group stage instead. Both times they were eventually eliminated in the Round of 16, first by S.S. Lazio (2–4 on aggregate) in 2017–18, and then by Chelsea F.C. (0–8 on aggregate) in 2018–19. Domestically, Dynamo remained firmly in second place behind Shakhtar Donetsk in the Ukrainian Premier League. Despite the apparent lack of progress in the results, Khatskevich was rewarded with a two-year contract extension.

However, only six matches into his new extension, Khatskevich was fired on 14 August 2019, after once again failing to advance to the UEFA Champions League group stage. Dynamo's Sports Director, Oleksiy Mykhaylychenko, was appointed as manager. Despite the change, the results on the field hardly improved, as Dynamo was eliminated from continental competitions by placing 3rd in Group B of the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League group stage.

On 23 July 2020, Mircea Lucescu became the head coach of Dynamo. Lucescu signed a two-year contract.

Crest
Being a member of the All-Union Sports Society Dynamo, the Dynamo football team of Kyiv adopted the same emblem of the Dynamo's sports society as its first logo, which featured on their shirts since 1927 and was a cursive blue Cyrillic letter "Д" (D) in a vertical rhombus. Similar emblem existed in other Soviet football teams throughout the Soviet Union such as FC Dynamo Moscow, FC Dinamo Tbilisi, FC Dinamo Minsk, and others. The idea of symbol is attributed to a native of Ukraine Leonid Nedolya-Honcharenko who at that time served as a chief of political department of the OGPU troops in Moscow District.

The symbol the club obtained on franchise rights from the Ukrainian Fitness and Sports Society "Dynamo" (see Dynamo–Ukraine). Over the years, the club's logo has undergone many changes and replacements, but the cursive "D" has remained ever since.

In 2003 after Dynamo won their 10th domestic trophy, a golden star was added at the top of the logo to celebrate the club's success. The second star was added to the logo in 2007 during celebrations of Dynamo's 80-year anniversary. Although Dynamo has won only 15 Ukrainian league titles, their 13 titles as USSR Champions were taken into account.

Dynamo's traditional colours are white and dark blue, with white being the predominant colour. Throughout their history the club has usually played in a white shirt and blue shorts. This was changed in 1961 when a blue sash was added to the kit; it was removed soon afterwards. In 2004, the club's management decided to restore the famous sash as a talisman. It was added to the away kit and remained there until the beginning of the 2008–09 season, when it was replaced by a white kit with a shirt having thin blue vertical stripes, the first time in over 50 years that a club had worn such a pattern.

During the last two seasons before the breakup of the Soviet Union, Dynamo's kit was similar to Metalist, yellow shirts and blue shorts. This color scheme carried a symbolic meaning, representing the national colours of the yet-not-adopted Ukraine national flag. In the 1990 Soviet Cup Final, the yellow-blue Dynamo team thrashed the all-Red Lokomotiv 6–1 at Luzhniki Stadium. In the early years of Ukrainian independence, the club swapped their yellow colour for white. However blue remained one of Dynamo's colours and is still a main colour of the club's away kit.

The club's current sponsors, New Balance and ABank24, feature on the team shirt. New Balance is also the manufacturer of the kit. Among former sponsors there were Ostchem Holding, Nadra Bank, PrivatBank, Prominvestbank, Ukrtelecom, and others.

Achievements and honours

Dynamo Kyiv has participated in all of the USSR and Ukrainian championships to date, and has won both competitions more times than any other team. The club's best performances were in the 1970s and 1980s, a time in which the Soviet Union national football team was composed mostly of players from the club. Dynamo Kyiv tied the national record for winning three consecutive Soviet Premier League titles in 1966, 1967, and 1968.

Dynamo Kyiv won the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1975 and 1986 as well as the European Super Cup in 1975, after two games against Bayern Munich. In 1977, 1987, and 1999, the club reached the semi-finals of the UEFA Champions League. These victories are associated with the name of Valeriy Lobanovskyi, who played for the club in the 1960s and later became the club's long-term head coach. In 2009 the club reached the semi-final of the UEFA Cup.

Dynamo striker Oleh Blokhin is the Soviet Premier League's all-time top scorer with 211 goals, and has also made more appearances than any other player in the championship's history with 432.

Dynamo Kyiv is also was one of the base clubs of the Soviet Union national football team and many players of the club represented the Soviet Union at international level. After fall of the Soviet Union, Dynamo became the base club of the Ukraine national football team.

Dynamo striker Oleh Blokhin is the Soviet Union national football team all-time top scorer with 42 goals, and has also made more appearances than any other player for the team with 112. Two other Dynamo strikers – Oleh Protasov and Viktor Kolotov – are among the Soviet Union national football team top five best scorers with 29 and 22 goals respectively. Two other Dynamo players – Anatoliy Demyanenko and Volodymyr Bezsonov – are among the Soviet Union national football team top five players with most appearances 80 and 79 respectively.

Four former Dynamo's players were appointed as a head coach of the Soviet Union national team, among which Valeriy Lobanovsky, Oleh Bazylevych, Vladimir Salkov and Anatoliy Byshovets. All head coaches of the Ukraine national team but two were at some time former players of Dynamo Kyiv.

Ukrainian competitions

 * Ukrainian Premier League
 * Winners (16,record): 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2006–07, 2008–09, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2020–21,
 * runner-up (13): 1992, 2001–02, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2023–24,
 * Ukrainian Cup
 * Winners (13): 1992–93, 1995–96, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2019–20, 2020–21
 * runner-up (5): 2001–02, 2007–08, 2010–11, 2016–17, 2017–18,
 * Ukrainian Super Cup
 * Winners (9): 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020
 * runner-up (6): 2005, 2008, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2021,

Soviet competitions

 * Soviet Top League
 * Winners (13,record): 1961, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1985, 1986, 1990
 * runner-up (11): 1936 (spring), 1952, 1960, 1965, 1969, 1972, 1973, 1976 (Autumn), 1978, 1982, 1988,
 * Soviet Cup
 * Winners (9): 1954, 1964, 1966, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1990
 * runner-up (1): 1973,
 * Soviet Super Cup
 * Winners (3,record): 1981, 1986, 1987
 * runner-up (1): 1977,
 * Cup of the Ukrainian SSR
 * Winners (7,record): 1936, 1937, 1938, 1944, 1946, 1947, 1948,
 * runner-up (1): 1945
 * Championship of the Proletarian Sports Society Dynamo
 * Winners (3): 1931, 1933, 1935
 * runner-up : 1929, 1932, 1934,

European competitions

 * UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (2):
 * 1974–75, 1985–86

 * UEFA Super Cup (1):
 * 1975

International competitions

 * Commonwealth of Independent States Cup (4):
 * 1996, 1997, 1998, 2002

Friendly competitions

 * Channel One Cup / United Tournament (2):
 * 2008, 2013
 * Amsterdam Tournament (1):
 * 1986
 * Mohammed V Trophy (1):
 * 1975

Individual player awards
Several players have won individual awards during or for their time with Dynamo Kyiv

European Footballer of the Year (Ballon d'Or)
 * Oleg Blokhin (1975)
 * Ihor Belanov (1986)

UEFA Golden Player Award
 * Oleg Blokhin

FIFA 100
 * Andriy Shevchenko

European Championship winners

Two players have won the European Championship whilst at Dynamo Kyiv.
 * Yuriy Voynov (France 1960)
 * Yury Kovalyov (France 1960)

Ukrainian Footballer of the Year
 * Viktor Serebryanikov (1969)
 * Volodymyr Muntyan (1970)
 * Yevhen Rudakov (1971)
 * Oleg Blokhin (1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1981)
 * Anatoliy Demyanenko (1982, 1985)
 * Oleksandr Zavarov (1986)
 * Oleksiy Mykhaylychenko (1987, 1988)
 * Volodymyr Bezsonov (1989)
 * Sergei Yuran (1990)
 * Akhrik Tsveiba (1991)
 * Viktor Leonenko (1992, 1993, 1994)
 * Yuriy Kalitvintsev (1995)
 * Serhii Rebrov (1996, 1998)
 * Andriy Shevchenko (1997, 1999)
 * Artem Milevskyi (2008, 2009)
 * Andriy Yarmolenko (2013, 2014, 2015, 2017)
 * Viktor Tsyhankov (2018)

Soviet Footballer of the Year
 * Andriy Biba (1966)
 * Volodymyr Muntyan (1969)
 * Yevhen Rudakov (1971)
 * Oleg Blokhin (1973, 1974, 1975)
 * Anatoliy Demyanenko (1985)
 * Oleksandr Zavarov (1986)
 * Oleksiy Mykhaylychenko (1988)

Hall of Fame
While there is no such institution in the club, it does honor its notables players as "Golden Names", while coaches are honored as "Legendary Mentors".

Golden Names
 * Oleh Blokhin
 * Andriy Shevchenko
 * Ihor Belanov
 * Oleh Husyev
 * 🇧🇾 Valyantsin Byalkevich
 * Andriy Husin
 * Valeriy Lobanovskyi
 * Hennadiy Lytovchenko
 * Vadym Yevtushenko
 * 🇺🇿 Maksim Shatskikh
 * Vladimir Veremeyev
 * Mykhailo Fomenko
 * Serhii Rebrov
 * Volodymyr Troshkin
 * Volodymyr Muntyan
 * Viktor Kolotov
 * Pavlo Vinkovatov
 * Valeriy Porkuyan
 * Dezyderiy Tovt (Dezso Toth)
 * Anatoliy Konkov
 * Viktor Chanov
 * Vitaliy Holubyev
 * Viktor Matviyenko
 * Mykola Makhynia
 * Mykhaylo Mykhalyna
 * Oleh Luzhnyi

 * Volodymyr Bezsonov
 * Vasyl Rats (László Rácz)
 * Oleksandr Zavarov
 * Vasyl Turyanchyk
 * Mykhaylo Mykhaylov
 * Andriy Biba
 * Volodymyr Onyshchenko
 * Anatoliy Puzach
 * Oleksiy Mykhailychenko
 * Anatoliy Demyanenko
 * Vadym Sosnykhin
 * Vitaliy Kosovskyi
 * Viktor Zhylin
 * Mykola Koltsov
 * Leonid Buryak
 * 🇷🇺 Konstantin Schegotsky
 * Mykhailo Koman
 * 🇷🇺 Anatoliy Byshovets
 * Andrei Zazroyev
 * Viktor Khlus
 * Serhiy Fedorov
 * Vitaliy Khmelnytskyi
 * Oleh Bazylevych
 * Viktor Kanevskyi
 * Fedir Medvid (Ferenc Medvigy)
 * Aleksandr Khapsalis
 * Serhiy Krulykovskyi

 * Abram Lerman
 * Valentyn Troyanovskyi
 * Serhiy Zhuravlyov
 * Yevhen Rudakov
 * Yuriy Voynov
 * Viktor Bannikov
 * Makar Honcharenko
 * Yozhef Sabo (József Szabó)
 * Oleh Makarov
 * Oleksandr Holovko
 * Leonid Ostrovski
 * Viktor Fomin
 * Serhiy Baltacha
 * Ivan Yaremchuk
 * Oleh Kuznetsov
 * Viktor Serebrianikov
 * Petro Slobodyan
 * Pavlo Yakovenko
 * Andriy Bal
 * Stefan Reshko
 * Yuriy Romenskyi
 * 🇷🇺 Anatoliy Suchkov
 * Volodymyr Anufriyenko
 * Volodymyr Levchenko
 * Volodymyr Shcheholkov
 * Yuriy Kalitvintsev

Legendary Mentors
 * Valeriy Lobanovskyi
 * 🇷🇺 Aleksandr Sevidov
 * Oleg Oshenkov
 * 🇷🇺 Viktor Maslov
 * Vyacheslav Solovyov
 * 🇷🇺 Viktor Terentiev
 * Oleh Bazylevych

Stadiums

The club's home ground, Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium, is situated in a park located in the centre of the city, close to the Dnieper River bank. The stadium holds 16,873 spectators, and has been the club's home since 1934. When it was built the stadium's capacity was 23,000. After being destroyed in 1941 during World War II, it was rebuilt in 1954. By the end of the 20th century, the stadium was reconstructed as a football-only venue with individual seats. These changes reduced the facility's capacity to its present one. In 2002 after the sudden death of Dynamo's longtime player and coach Valeriy Lobanovskyi, the stadium was renamed in his honour. After NSK Olympiyskiy was closed for reconstruction in 2008, Dynamo also began to play its European games at the Lobanovsky Stadium.

Due to a high demand for European fixtures of the club throughout its European history Dynamo played a majority of their home fixtures at Kyiv's and Ukraine's largest stadium, the Olimpiyskiy National Sports Complex, historically dubbed The Republican Stadium, which held 83,450 spectators. The stadium has been the home of the Ukrainian Cup final since its inaugural game in 1992 and up until 2007. The stadium was closed for a major reconstruction in 2008, after Ukraine and Poland were chosen to host the UEFA Euro 2012. The Olympiysky became Kyiv's main venue as well as the stadium that hosted the final; it also become a UEFA Elite rated stadium.

The team also has a modern-equipped training base in the Kyiv suburb of Koncha-Zaspa. The club maintains its own football school for children and youths, also situated in Kyiv. Junior Dynamo teams are colloquially known as Dynamo-2 and Dynamo-3. Its reserves team -called "double" (дубль) in both Ukrainian and Russian- participates in the national Reserves tournament, where "doubles" of all 16 Vyscha Liga teams compete. Many notable Dynamo Kyiv players progressed through the club's youth system, among them is Andriy Shevchenko, one of the graduates of the school.

Reserve, youth and junior teams

Dynamo Kyiv has several reserve teams. Dynamo reserve teams competed in national competitions since 1946. The club was fielding its reserve team in the Soviet Top League competitions for reserve teams (so called doubles) that existed in 1946–1991. Dynamo doubles team holds a record for number of champion titles of the Soviet Top League for doubles winning it 15 times with a closest pursuing Spartak doubles team trailing with 9 titles. In 2004 the club revived its reserve team which later became youth (U-21) team competing at Ukrainian Premier League competitions for U-21 and U-19 teams. Dynamo football school (academy) fields few teams in Ukrainian Youth Football League as well as Kyiv city football league. Among possibly most exotic football academy graduates is a former Moroccan international Tarik El Jarmouni.

Besides its normal junior squads, FC Dynamo Kyiv also has fielded its second team Dynamo-2 which competed among regular "teams of masters" (Soviet analog of professional teams) as well as republican competitions (amateur level) during the Soviet period. The first time the team participated in football competitions at professional level was in 1964 when it took part in the Soviet Second League (in so called the Ukrainian Soviet football competitions). With dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Dynamo-2 was revived based on the Dynamo's reserve team that participated in the Soviet Top League for doubles. The team continued to play in Ukrainian First League for over 20 years. Along with the second team, Dynamo created also its third team Dynamo-3 which at first played at amateur level and later advanced to Ukrainian Second League. Since 2016, Dynamo has discontinued its numbered team.

Reserve team (under-21) honours

 * Soviet Top League (reserves): 15 (record)
 * 1949, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1990
 * Ukrainian Premier League (reserves / under-21): 6 (record)
 * 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2015–16, 2016–17

Other departments
Since parting from its parent Dynamo society in 1989, Dynamo Kyiv becoming exclusively a football club (other departments were left with the Kyiv city branch of Dynamo–Ukraine) had also its own women team which while not being as successful as the main team, had some degree of success when they were playing first at Soviet and later at Ukrainian competitions. In 1994 the whole women department was liquidated as the owners of the club lost interest in it.

In 2017 the Ukrainian Association of Football pursued existing men football clubs to help with development of women's football in Ukraine and either create own teams or adopt already existing teams of separate women football clubs or sports schools.

In 2021 Dynamo in cooperation with the Kyivan Olympic College reestablished its women football team replacing the college team at the second tier of the two-tier national football pyramid for women and gained promotion the same season.

Supporters and rivalries
The Dynamo fan movement is one of the oldest in Ukraine. Active support began in 1980s during the Soviet period (Ukrainian SSR). Then began to appear first graffiti with the team's logo and was registered one of the biggest fights in the USSR: Dynamo fans against fans of Spartak Moscow in the center of Kyiv. In the 1990s on the stands became popular English style. Historically Dynamo ultras would frequently hold patriotic (Ukrainian nationalism) and strongly anti-communist actions. During the reign of Viktor Yanukovych the ultras had bad relations with the government, caused by persecutions of fans and other political factors. The most publicized action was "Freedom Pavlichenko" (Волю Павліченкам) in support of political prisoners father and son Pavlichenko. The ultras Dynamo took part in the Independence Day of Ukraine and Heroes Day celebrations.

Dynamo ultras often use the image of Sviatoslav the Brave in the design of their banners. Svyatoslav, a printed magazine of Dynamo ultras, also bears the Kyiv prince's name.

The most famous derby in Ukraine is Ukrainian derby, always held in a tense atmosphere. Dynamo maintains friendly relations with: Karpaty Lviv, Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk (Braty po zbroyi; Band of Brothers), Hutnik Kraków and with Zalgiris Vilnius, GNK Dinamo Zagreb, Dinamo Tbilisi, Stade Rennais F.C. fans. Strained relations with: Shakhtar Donetsk, Chornomorets Odesa, Metalist Kharkiv, Spartak Moscow and Legia Warsaw. Now all fans have declared a truce because of the war in Eastern Ukraine. They play the Kyiv derby with Arsenal Kyiv, a strong rivalry also due to politics; Arsenal fans are known to be strongly left-wing.

Retired number(s)
12 – 🇺🇦 Club Supporters (the 12th Man)

Presidents

 * 1927–1989: part of Dynamo, the republican section of Soviet sports society Dynamo
 * 1989–1993: Viktor Bezverkhy
 * 1993–2002: Hryhoriy Surkis
 * 2002–present: Ihor Surkis

Vice-Presidents

 * 2005–2010: Mykhailo Oshenkov (son of Oleg Oshenkov)
 * 2005–2010: Vadym Kostiuchenko
 * 2018–2020: Yevhen Krasnikov
 * 1993–2011: Vitaliy Sivkov

General directors

 * 2007–present: Rezo Chohonelidze

Sports directors

 * 2011–2019: Oleksiy Mykhailychenko
 * 2018–2019: 🇪🇸 Eduardo Docampo
 * 2020–2021: Oleksiy Mykhailychenko

Technical directors

 * 1992: Mykhailo Oshenkov (son of Oleg Oshenkov)

Notable coaches
The following individuals have all won at least one trophy while coaching Dynamo Kyiv:
 * In the Ukrainian championship

Club records and statistics
Oleksandr Shovkovskyi currently holds Dynamo's official appearance record, having made 637 appearances in all competitions, over the course of 17 seasons from 1993 until 2016. He also holds the record for Ukrainian Premier League (Vyshcha Liha) appearances with 426, while Oleh Blokhin remains unreachable for Soviet Top League appearances with 432.

Including all competitions, Oleh Blokhin is the all-time leading goalscorer for Dynamo with 266 goals since joining the club in 1969, 211 of which were scored in Soviet Top League (another Dynamo record). Serhiy Rebrov, who is the all-time topscorer for Ukrainian Premier League, comes in second in all competitions with 163.

Dynamo Kyiv qualified for continental competitions for the last 32 years since 1990 and missed only twice (two seasons) since 1973.

Dynamo Kyiv in European competitions
Dynamo Kyiv made a forceful entrance into European competitions in the 1965–66 European Cup Winners' Cup, advancing into the quarter-finals before losing to Celtic F.C. The club is a regular visitor to UEFA competitions, having participated in over 50 tournaments. Dynamo Kyiv has not missed a single season of European competition since 1990 and, since 1973, has only missed out twice (1984–85 and 1988–89). During the Soviet era, the club won the European Cup Winners' Cup twice, in 1975 and 1986, the 1975 European Super Cup and reached the semi-finals of the European Cup/Champions League three times, once under the Ukrainian banner.

UEFA club coefficient ranking
''As of 27 May 2024 Source: ''

UEFA Rankings since 2004
Source:

Top goalscorers

 * Other – National Super Cup

Most appearances

 * Other – National Super Cup

FootballLeaks-2
German journalists from Der Spiegel Rafael Buschmann and Michael Wulzinger published a book titled Football Leaks – 2.

A separate part titled "Ukrainische Bruderschaft" (Ukrainian Brotherhood) describes brothers Ihor and Hryhorii Surkis's activities in the football sphere and their relation to the "Newport" offshore. All FC "Dynamo’s" activities are financed by this company. The authors refer to Football Leaks documents.

The book tells that starting from 1993, all the financial activities of Kyiv-based FC Dynamo have been performed via the company Newport, controlled by the club's boss Ihor Surkis. Having cited the FIFA data, the authors noted that in 2011–2017 the Newport has spent US$324 million to buy 82 players for FC Dynamo. The taxes from this sum haven't been paid in Ukraine.

title: FC Dynamo Kyiv


text:
User talk:JFinigan

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text:
Talk:Oliver Kahn

Religion?
What is Kahn's religion? Is he Jewish? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 202.71.141.12 (talk • contribs).

 * Most probably not.--217.85.76.100 21:44, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Because of his surname? Kahn is German, Cohen would be Jewish, or Hebrew for that matter. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.255.30.95 (talk) 09:10, 13 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I agree, Kahn would be be a typical jewish last name (just as Cohen, Cohn etc). According to the German wikipedia entry, Oliver's Baltic German grandfather's original name was Kan which was changed to Kahn. They fled to Germany proper in WW2. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.227.144.154 (talk) 12:15, 30 September 2014 (UTC)

Recent Edits
What's with the last two changes? the last one looks like spam and the change before it introduces very poor sentence structure. "Kahn started at Euro 2004 but it was unsuccessful, drawing the first two group games and losing the last to the Czech Republic which eliminated them from the knockout round." What does that even mean?Stazed 14:20, 15 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm going to have a go correcting it into native english but no guarantees..Stazed 14:22, 15 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I've done a few sections. It really is a hard slog to keep the NPOV standards high, some of the comments in there are either "kahn wasn't happy about" or they're "kahn had an awesome career" etc etc. I've done some of it for you.Stazed 15:09, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

don't quarrell about trivial matters, boys!!!
Hi there! I think what's more important is, that the article is written in good English. As a goalkeeper Kahn has been on the decrease for quite some time (he's nearly 37 after all). And judging from all the recent interviews he knows it!! So let's just alter the grammar, syntax and style of the article. I am NOT a native speaker. Although "armed" with a degree in English I'll let the ones with an English tongue go first. So go for it, boys!!! --Fromgermany 05:08, 18 April 2006 (UTC)
 * As a goalkeeper Kahn has been on the decrease for quite some time Exactly. But user ip 84.xxx.xxx, obviously a mentally retarded Kahn fan, keeps reverting the article to his pov. He doesn't seem willing to discuss the matter here either. What can we do about it? I request the article be locked for unregistered users to stop this guy from vandalizing it. This is an encyclopedia, not a Kahn fan page, for crying out loud!

hi, I agree, this is an encyclopaedic article, so it should be free of all bias. And i speak as a Kahn fan. I want to put in more information about Kahn, but I am unable to find any english site. Perhaps someone who knows German can contribute. Kinda crazy 10:55, 21 April 2006 (UTC)

Hi! in the trivial I writ that Kahn was holding in a contest each penalty - I got the information from the German Wikipedia. I hope you can fix wrong grammar if there are any mitakes ;-)

2009
I edited the carrer span number to 2009 because he is retiring in 2009. If I'm wrong please advise and re-edit

 * You are wrong. He is retiring end of season 2007–2008. --Jaellee (talk) 17:12, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Okay, thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.183.68.91 (talk) 20:19, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Euro 2008 match ball
According to our Euro 2008 article, he designed the controversial match ball. Is this correct, or was that a different Oliver Kahn?--MartinUK (talk) 12:55, 26 June 2008 (UTC)

Latvian descent
Any sources ? 84.139.227.205 (talk) 07:42, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

 * I don't know of any, so I removed this category. --Jaellee (talk) 17:50, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

 * He has Latvian ancestry on his mother's side. Heard it in a German interview a while back. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.153.221.249 (talk) 17:50, 12 June 2010 (UTC)

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His first Bundesliga game was a 0:4 defeat, not a 4:0 victory.. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.68.172.166 (talk) 00:48, 11 September 2018 (UTC)
 * Curious. https://web.archive.org/web/20121022173044/http://www.dfb.de/index.php?id=325636 supports that Karlsruher SC lost. I will correct. Walter Görlitz (talk) 01:45, 11 September 2018 (UTC)

In-article statistics
I thought it was quite amusing that the only statistics given in the tables in the article were "appearances" and "goals." Of course, being a goalkeeper, all of his goals statistics are 0. Wouldn't it be more appropriate to have actual goalkeeping statistics, such as saves or clean sheets, rather than goals? Tomcres (talk) 01:39, 8 January 2020 (UTC)
 * Not really a question for this article but rather one to be asked at Template talk:Infobox football biography. While rare, goalkeepers have been known to score goals. Walter Görlitz (talk) 01:49, 8 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Oliver Kahn


text:
User:Hydrotaphia

Welcome to my user page.

''Please note that "Hydrotaphia" is a typographical error that I am currently trying to get changed. The username I now use is User:Hydriotaphia.

title: User:Hydrotaphia


text:
Bible errata

Throughout history, printers' errors, unconventional translations and translation mistakes have appeared in a number of published Bibles. Bibles with features considered to be erroneous are known as Bible errata, and were often destroyed or suppressed due to their contents being considered heretical by some.

The Book of Kells, c. 800
The Book of Kells features two errors within its text:

 * The genealogy of Jesus, in the Gospel of Luke, lists an extra ancestor in Luke 3:26. This error is considered to have resulted from the transcriber reading the phrase "QUI FUIT MATHATHIAE" as "QUI FUIT MATHATH, with the "IAE" being considered an additional individual, resulting in the lines "QUI FUIT MATHATH" and the additional "QUI FUIT IAE", rather than the singular "QUI FUIT MATHATHIAE".
 * In the Gospel of Matthew, 10:34b should read "I came not to send peace, but the sword". However, rather than the Latin gladium, meaning "sword", the Book of Kells has gaudium, meaning "joy", rendering the verse "I came not [only] to send peace, but [also] joy".

The Book of Deer, 10th century
The Scottish Book of Deer in Cambridge University Library has a number of errors. In the genealogy of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke, it has Seth as the first man and grandfather of Adam.

Coverdale

 * "Bug Bible": Myles Coverdale's 1535 Bible was known as the "Bug Bible" because the fifth verse of Psalm 91 read: "Thou shall not nede to be afrayed for eny bugges by night". A competing claim to authorship comes from Stauffer's "The Queer, the Quaint, and the Quizzical", written in 1882. In this book, Stauffer claims that the Bug Bible was "printed by John Daye, 1551, with a prologue by Tyndall." The "Bug Bible" has also been claimed to have been written in Middle English, in which the word bugge meant a "spectre that haunts" or a ghost; in the same passage, the Geneva Bible uses the word "feare", and the King James Bible uses the word "terror". The term was actually first used by George Joye, whose translations of the Psalms were seen through the press by Coverdale before he translated the Old Testament. This use of the word "bugge" was repeated in Matthew's Bible, 1537, but not in the Great Bible of 1539, where Coverdale replaced it with "terrour".

Edmund Becke's Bibles

 * "Wife-Beater's Bible" (1549; 1551): A footnote to 1 Peter 3:7, inserted by Edmund Becke, reads "And if she be not obediente and healpeful unto hym, endevoureth to beate the fere of God into her heade, that thereby she may be compelled to learne her dutye and do it."

The Great Bible

 * "Treacle Bible" (Beck's Bible): In the 1549 edition of the Great Bible, Jeremiah 8:22 was translated "Is there no tryacle [treacle] in Gilead?" Modern translations usually render the Hebrew צֹ֫רִי as "balm" or "medicine" instead. In Early Modern English, "treacle" could mean "a cure-all" as well as "molasses."

Geneva

 * "Breeches Bible" 1579: Whittingham, Gilby, and Sampson: translated in Genesis 3:7 as "and they sowed figge-tree leaves together, and made themselves breeches." (This less-precise translation was glossed in the margin with a more accurate, albeit longer, translation.) The accepted meaning of חֲגֹרֹֽת is "coverings" (the KJV has "aprons").
 * "Place-makers' Bible" 1562: the second edition of the Geneva Bible, Matthew 5:9 reads "Blessed are the placemakers: for they shall be called the children of God"; it should read "peacemakers".
 * In its chapter heading for Luke 21, the Place-makers' Bible has "Christ condemneth the poor widow", rather than "commendeth".

Douai

 * "Rosin Bible" 1610: Jeremiah 8:22 reads "Is there noe rosen in Galaad?". Rosin ("rosen") is a brittle and sticky substance used on the bows of stringed instruments to provide friction with the strings.
 * "Manchester edition" 1793: The heading on Chapter 3 of Leviticus and the first verse has "bees" rather than "beeves" (plural of beef). It reads: "How the pacifique hosts must be of bees, sheep, lambs and goats" ("pacifique hosts" meaning peace offerings).

King James
In various printings of the King James Version of the Bible, some of the more famous examples have been given their own names. Among them are:
 * "Judas Bible", from 1613: This Bible has Judas, not Jesus, saying "Sit ye here while I go yonder and pray" (Matthew 26:36). A second folio edition printed by Robert Barker, printer to King James I, is held in St. Mary's Church, Totnes, Devon. In this copy, the misprint has been covered with a small slip of paper glued over the name of Judas.
 * "Printers Bible", from 1612: In some copies, Psalm 119:161 reads, "Printers have persecuted me without a cause", rather than " have persecuted me..."
 * "Wicked Bible", "Adulterous Bible" or "Sinner's Bible", from 1631: Barker and Lucas: Omits an important "not" from Exodus 20:14, making the seventh commandment read "Thou shalt commit adultery." An 1886 study of Star Chamber case reports suggests that this was just one of the "two grossest errors" in the printing, alongside Deuteronomy 5:24, which read "the LORD our God hath shewed us his glory and his great-asse" instead of the correct "greatness[e]". However, this second error does not appear in any extant copy of the Bible. The printers were fined £300 and most of the copies were recalled immediately. Only 15 copies survive in the collections of public institutions in the English-speaking world.
 * "More Sea Bible", from 1641: "...the first heaven and the first earth were passed away and there was more sea", rather than "...the first heaven and the first earth were passed away and there was no more sea", from Revelation 21:1
 * "Unrighteous Bible" or "Wicked Bible", from 1653, Cambridge Press: Another edition carrying this title omits a "not" before the word "inherit", making 1 Corinthians 6:9 read "Know ye not that the unrighteous shall inherit the kingdom of God?". In addition, Romans 6:13 reads "Neither yield ye your members as instruments of righteousness into sin", where it should read "unrighteousness".
 * "Sin On Bible", from 1716: Jeremiah 31:34 reads "sin on more" rather than "sin no more".
 * "Vinegar Bible", from 1717: J. Baskett, Clarendon Press: The chapter heading for Luke 20 reads "The Parable of the Vinegar" instead of "The Parable of the Vineyard." One reviewer called this particular edition "a Baskett full of errors," what with its being replete with numerous other specimens of typographical errata throughout. One copy sold for $5,000 in 2008.
 * "The Fools Bible", from 1763: Psalm 14:1 reads "the fool hath said in his heart there is a God", rather than "there is no God". The printers were fined £3,000 and all copies ordered destroyed.
 * "Murderer's Bible", from 1801: "Murmurers" is printed as "murderers", making Jude 16 read: "These are murderers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men's persons in admiration because of advantage."
 * "To-remain Bible", from 1805: In Galatians 4:29, a proof-reader had written in "to remain" in the margin, as an answer to whether a comma should be deleted. The note inadvertently became part of the text, making the edition read "But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit to remain, even so it is now."
 * "Standing Fishes Bible", from 1806: "Fishes" replaced "fishers" making Ezekiel 47:10 read "And it shall come to pass, that the fishes shall stand upon it from Engedi even unto Eneglaim; they shall be a place to spread forth nets; their fish shall be according to their kinds, as the fish of the great sea, exceeding many."
 * "Wife-hater Bible", from 1810: "Wife" replaces "life" in this edition, making Luke 14:26 redundantly read "If any man come to me, and hate not his father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own wife also, he cannot be my disciple."
 * "The Large Family Bible", from 1820: Isaiah 66:9 reads: "Shall I bring to birth and not cease to bring forth?" rather than "Shall I bring to birth and not cause to bring forth?".
 * "Rebecca's Camels Bible", from 1823: "Camels" replaces "damsels" in one instance, making Genesis 24:61 read "And Rebecca arose, and her camels, and they rode upon the camels, and followed the man: and the servant took Rebecca and went his way."
 * "Owl Bible", from 1944: "Owl" replaces "own", making 1 Peter 3:5 read, "For after this manner in the old time the holy women also, who trusted God, adorned themselves, being in subjection unto their owl husbands." The error was caused by a printing plate with a damaged letter.

Fictional Bible errata

 * In the novel Good Omens, Neil Gaiman and Terry Pratchett created the "Buggre Alle This Bible" of 1651 (and the Charing Cross Bible). The typesetter replaced Ezekiel 48:5 with a rant complaining about his job. It also has three extra verses at the end of Genesis 3 about the loss of the flaming sword by the angel Aziraphale, added by Aziraphale himself, a character in the story.
 * In the BBC science-fiction sitcom Red Dwarf, one of the main characters, Arnold Rimmer, tells of his family belonging to an obscure fundamentalist Christian sect, the "Seventh Day Advent Hoppists". According to Rimmer – who is revealed in another episode to have the middle name Judas due to his parents' unconventional take on Christianity – the Hoppists' unique form of worship arose from a misprinted Bible wherein 1 Corinthians 13:13 reads "Faith, hop and charity, and the greatest of these is hop." The membership consequently spent every Sunday hopping. Rimmer says he never agreed with the faith, but claims to be liberal on religious matters.
 * The Poisonwood Bible is a 1998 bestselling novel by Barbara Kingsolver which mentions some of the famous "misprint Bibles" such as the Camel Bible, the Murderer's Bible, and the Bug Bible. The novel's title refers to the character of Nathan Price, a missionary in the 1950s Belgian Congo who creates his own "misprint" by mispronouncing the local expression "Tata Jesus is bängala", meaning "Jesus is most precious". In his pronunciation, he actually says "Jesus is poisonwood!"
 * In the novel The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared by the Swedish author Jonas Jonasson, a Bible erratum plays heavily into the plot. The Bibles in question carry an extra verse (Revelation 22:22), reading "And they all lived happily ever after".

title: Bible errata


text:
Hangin' In

Hangin' In is a Canadian television sitcom which aired on CBC from 1981 to 1987. It aired briefly on Nickelodeon and in syndication in the United States.

Synopsis
The show starred Lally Cadeau as Kate Brown, the attractive and charismatic director of a youth drop-in centre in Toronto, and blended both comedy and drama in its portrayal of genuine teen counselling problems. David Eisner starred as Michael DiFalco, a young, affable staff counsellor, and Ruth Springford appeared as Doris Webster, the centre's receptionist. Many young Canadian actors, including Eric McCormack, Keanu Reeves, Jessica Steen and Mark Humphrey, made guest appearances as teenaged clients of the youth centre.

During the show's final season, Cadeau was replaced for the final five episodes by Fiona Reid as Maggie. This change was planned, as the producers were setting up a new spin-off series to star Reid as the director of a halfway house for young offenders. However, the new series was not picked up.

Production
The show was created by the same production team, led by executive producer Jack Humphrey, with Anna Sandor and Joseph Partington, behind one of the most successful Canadian sitcoms in television history, King of Kensington, which had itself evolved in its late episodes toward a similar concept and setting.

The series premiered on January 7, 1981, the day after the final episode of the dramatic miniseries You've Come a Long Way, Katie, which also starred Cadeau. Writing for Maclean's, Bill MacVicar likened the streak of Cadeau's roles in two different series airing on four consecutive nights to "the video equivalent of being shot from a cannon or, at least, making a premiere entrance on a red carpet, with klieg lights and a ravenous crowd of autograph seekers".

title: Hangin' In


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Supercilious

Dicdef. Transwiki'd to Wiktionary. --Diberri | Talk 00:39, Aug 10, 2004 (UTC)

 * Concur- kill it. -FZ 00:41, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: This is so beneath me to comment upon. However, if those people insist on putting definitions in an encyclopedia, what can we say?  (Kidding!  Dictdef, common.) Geogre 01:59, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. - Utcursch, August 10, 2004
 * Delete. Transwiki (obviously). Skyler 01:18, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)