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Talk:Harry Potter fandom

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Untitled
Main arguments:
 * No site shall be frivolously added to the External links section, or the prose of the article, without either discussing it on the talk page first or asserting its notability through referencing with verifiable and reliable sources. A comment, using the markers will be inserted into the markup of the article to alert editors, but not readers.
 * A site shall appear in the External links section only if it is mentioned in the article. As per WP:EL, no external links shall appear in the prose of the article. This will show that all external links have their notability proven, because in order for it to appear in the article it must be well-referenced.
 * Fan sites with Wikipedia articles have already had their notability proven through the fact that they do have articles, and if this is disagreed with they should be sent to WP:AfD. These fan sites shall be listed in the See also section and the URLs of their web sites will also appear in the external links section.
 * In general, the mention of fan sites throughout the article shall be kept to a minimum. Any attempt to mention a fan site in the prose only to have its URL appear in the external links section will be reverted.

As one of several folks who worked hard to try and get some sort of notability standard for this article, I'm happy to have you blow our work up and implement this standard as it is much easier to enforce. Furthermore, when you rejig this section, may I recommend that you change the title from "External links" to "References"? That way, it makes it more clear that any links to fan sites must have been mentioned in the article first. --Deathphoenix ʕ 21:21, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Hehe, I'm just happy to blow your hard work to smitherings! ;-) Since the whole article was in desperate need of a rewrite anyway, I decided it would be best just to start a new draft of the page, working to enforce the policy above. I've started it at Talk:Harry Potter fandom/Rewrite and was able to work on the top two sections of the page, fan sites and conventions. However, I don't feel experienced enough in the fan fiction world or the RPG world to contribute well enough in revising those sections, though I'm happy to cover podcasts and possibly music later. Anybody want to work on it?--Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c 05:28, 3 January 2007 (UTC)
 * The list of conventions seems a little much (and it certainly doesn't need a list of "future conventions"). That's just my opinion, though, I'd like to hear from more folks before I shrink that list down. --Deathphoenix ʕ 16:31, 3 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I agree it's a little long, just wanted to put them out there for possible removal, rather than omit them and leave it incomplete. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 00:04, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

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Talk:Harry Potter fandom/Rewrite
I'll just make it plain and clear: anybody who thinks they can write a well-sourced, NPOV entry on roleplaying and/or wizard rock and/or "iconic landmarks tours" (the tours of the sets, Edinburgh, etc.), be my guest! I can write them, but it would be a lot more work since I'd really have to go search for sources to write it from scratch, rather than using my own knowledge and hunting down sources to cite with. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 06:08, 18 January 2007 (UTC)

Conventions should be held to Web site standards
The conventions listed in the external links should be held to the same standards as for the web sites: if they're mentioned by J.K. Rowling (possibly as some sort of "winner"), then they'd be worthy for inclusion. Otherwise, we should not be providing these conventions with free advertising (and certainly not for the future events). Thoughts? -Deathphoenix ʕ 15:11, 18 January 2007 (UTC)
 * As I said above, I agree -- I just wanted to be wholesome over uninclusive so that we could remove rather than add. I'd say, of the two, Accio and Lumos were the most notable -- the latter drawing 12000 people, I believe, and due to the attendance of PotterCast and MuggleCast. Rowling herself hasn't talked about any, but at least one should be mentioned, methinks. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 18:02, 18 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I know, I just wanted to write this down before I do it myself. I'll delete all but Accio and Lumos. --Deathphoenix ʕ 21:44, 18 January 2007 (UTC)

Why? All conventions of a certain attendance level should be mentioned. LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:22, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

More on Fansites...
What's up with the total lack of any proper information on fansites? You've got a big section on Podcasts, Ship Wars and Conventions, yet only small bio's of the main Harry Potter sites. Much as you hate to link to other potentially smaller sites, fansites are the very essence of Harry Potter fandom, and the fact that 99.9% of them aren't even going to et a mention is a travesty. You're ending up repeating yourselves in all the sections. It would be easier to have a short Bio of Mugglenet, HPANA, TLC and VTM, and then a little on 'The Work of other Sites'. As a webmaster and author of a book on Harry Potter fandom, i'm well placed to suggest that this article is ignorant to the true heart of Harry Potter fandom. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by NickHilton1 (talk • contribs) 20:34, 20 January 2007 (UTC).
 * I'd hardly call the Podcasts nor the Conventions section big, and the ship wars section is large because of the attention it received in the press and by Rowling. The fan sites section mentions all the winners of the fan site award, which makes them the most notable fan sites. If there's another notable source about another fan site, it may be added, but getting into biographies of the fan sites (their history, specialties, etc.) either belongs on the individual article page (like MuggleNet) or not on Wikipedia at all for bordering on WP:WEB guidelines. Incidentally, what's your book, it may be helpful in citing the article? --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 16:45, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Also, as you'll see above, the article is undergoing a rewrite. Feel free to contribute your suggestions, but know that it may not be agreed upon per the conversation conclusion above. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 16:48, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

Ok. My books called FANORAMA: The Birth of Harry Potter Fandom, you can find out more at http://rahponline.com —Preceding unsigned comment added by NickHilton1 (talk • contribs) 18:16, Jan 21, 2007 (UTC)

I must rather agree, the article pretty much confines itself exclusively to those fansites recommended by Rowling, about half a dozen, though it claimed (before I deleted it) that there are millions. I notice there is just about nothing discussing the rather huge debate about the events in the books, which is the main content on most fansites. Bit of an omission? Sandpiper 21:21, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

Have added a short section on "discussion" as I too feel this lack. (Hope this is okay for a newbie!) Feel free to expand on it... TruantMuse (talk) 18:42, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

Can I suggest some sort of rules or guidelines concerning fansites being able to edit in their own advertisements? A link to one very child-unfriendly site was just taken out. It doesn't look like it on the front but I made the mistake of joining said site a while ago, and know what's actually inside it. Also they were making more claims to having invented things than Gene Simmons in there. Might I suggest keeping it to known safe / educational / JKR-mentioned sites instead? — Preceding unsigned comment added by DragonsFlame (talk • contribs) 20:50, 6 March 2011 (UTC)

Horse pucky should be at least ten. I will add a few LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:25, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Songvids
I don't think that fan videos, or "songvids" as they are known, merit mention in this article. It is not a remarkable aspect of the fandom, and I'm questioning what action to take on the article songvid itself -- between clean-up tags and AfD. It doesn't seem too notable yet, and a page of YouTube search results is, as far as I know, not a valid source, though do correct me if I'm wrong. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 20:38, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

Of course it's notable. LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:26, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

GA Status Passed
I must be honest. I was real leary upon seeing the title of this article. I have been duly impressed, however. Based on the criteria at WP:WIAGA, this article passes good article criteria with flying colors. All articles should be so well written, so well referenced, and have such good free images. I would recommend a possible nomination for feature status, though the voting process there may get contentious given the "crufty" nature of this article. I would vote for this article as a featured article as well, so take that into consideration. Good job! --Jayron32| talk | contribs 03:14, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

Homosexual relationships in fan fiction/shipping
I'm probably treading dangerous ground here, but I think it needs to be said. I've been an avid watcher of several types of HP fan fiction, primarily on FF.N for quite a few years. Coming to this article, I was rather leery of the information I found here, but I found it to be generally accurate and up-to date. The one thing I see missing, is the lack of homosexual relationships that are common (At least that I see) in fan fiction. One of the more noticable relationships would be those Remus and Sirius (which were quite privalent when PoA came out). Yes, I did go look up the other articles on Wikipedia about shipping, and how Rowling (or her Lawyers, etc) sent on cease-and-desist letters against those of an "adult nature". Whether or not those were specifically against homosexual shipping fanfics or no, I did not look up. If someone can clarify that for me, awesome. Another relationship that I see commonly popping up, is Harry and Draco.

No, I'm not asking you to like these. I'm not asking you to read them. What I am asking, is for mentioning of these shippings. I think they deserve just as much mention as any Harry and Hermoine pairings. I am also asking that if anything is included, that we make it unbiased and if possible, referenced. Those are the qualities which make a good (if not great) article. Thank you for your time. Disinclination 01:16, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

 * You are not treading dangerous water there. I am a large supporter of the GLBT community and have actually been searching in the past few days for a verifiable source that would enable me to put i at least Sirius and Remus, as on PRer suggested. The citation I used for all the couples there is from a MuggleNet "Possible Relationships" page, so I'm trying to find something similar that would mention Harry/Draco, or Sirius/Remus, or, as we continue into non-PG territory, Snape/Hermione, etc. It was the X-rated stories (not necessarily the slash fics) that were sent cease and desist letters, so no homophobia there from Rowling's lawyers (so far as I can tell). But please, search for a reliable citation and we'll add it! --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 03:47, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I've found one, and have mentioned two pairs in the article. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 21:47, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I was just looking at this for FAC, and I was struck by the particular mention of homosexual relationships only alongside mention of cease and desist letters. While I suppose it would not be terribly surprising to learn that any mention of homosexual relationships has resulted in cese and desist letters, I also doubt that this is the case, though the current wording suggests such. It might be better to mention "slash" fan fiction separately from the cease and desist letters. (The letters seemed to be geared toward sexually explicit material in general, which I would imagine homosexual fan fiction need not necessarily be.) —Cuiviénen 03:08, 25 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I didn't mean that implication. I'm rewording now. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 04:29, 25 May 2007 (UTC)

You say about slash: "Famous pairings include Harry with Draco Malfoy, and, weirdly, Remus Lupin with Sirius Black.[41][42]" This seems to me to be unbiased and, honestly, wrong. If you read essays and debates from the fandom proof can be found for why the Remus and Sirius Black relationship is far more plausible than Harry and Draco Malfoy. The fact that you denounce it to be 'weird' seems to be out of place. Thanks - Green emeralds 18:31, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

When you say "Potter fan fiction also has a large following in the slash fiction genre, stories which feature homosexuality that does not exist in the books" shouldn't you make it clear that it means apart from Dumbledore/Grindewald? They seem to be quite a sucess since Rowling outed Dumbledore, and it is canon based. Diana Prallon (talk) 19:44, 29 October 2008 (UTC)

Possible Edits for Wizard Rock
I don't really know what exactly I'd put, but... the wizard rock section seems a bit lacking. I know the developments of Wizard Rock fansites have come about, the first being http://realwizardrock.com (according to http://wizardrock.org/about/ - I can't find any other source). Others being http://wizardrock.org and http://wizrocklopedia.com (the encyclopedia of wizard rock). This might be a good thing to include. Also: Harry and the Potters are kind of just randomly mentioned. It would be better to note that they are considered the "originators of Wizard Rock" (there are a bunch of sources out there for that), although the band that is considered to have the "first Wizard Rock song" is the Switchblade Kittens (otherwise known as The Weird Sisters-- http://wizardrock.org/bands/the-weird-sisters/). That's just my take, anyway. I could be wrong. Foreversecret 00:11, 21 May 2007 (UTC)
 * The problem with including wizard rock fan sites, however, is that they have to pass WP's notability standards for web sites. That's why we can include Leaky and MuggleNet and all those guys up in the "fan sites" section (because JKR has acknowledged them), but not just any old web site, as large as its following might be. However, if you can find a source for Harry and the Potters being the creators of the wizard rock movement, then by all means let us know and we'll add it in. --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 01:31, 21 May 2007 (UTC)

millions of fan websites
Are there? that sounds rather a lot, even to me. How do we know there are millions of them, not just thousands of them, or even hundreds? Sandpiper 21:11, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

books about HP
I also notice there is no mention about books about HP. Whether associated with fan sites or otherwise, there are now dozens of books written discussing Rowlings books. Sandpiper 21:26, 30 May 2007 (UTC)
 * The Telegraph seems to have a tally of 190 books about HP and mentions a few examples. Sandpiper 09:15, 31 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the link, Sandpiper. I'll look into it when I get a chance. --Fbv65''

I found a quite good reference book that is fre for download. It talks alot about aspects of the creation of fandom, and the tools used by fansite owners and designers, you can find a link to it here and download it free, or buy it but i think it is too expensive: (link deleted to appease spam filter) e del'' / ☑t / ☛c || 20:13, 31 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Deleted a link that was from a blacklisted URL (lulu.com). The comment itself (the green one) is odd too, judging by the spelling & grammar displayed on their user page. Looks like their account got hijacked or something. Squareintheteeth (talk) 17:35, 12 April 2008 (UTC)

Reinstate the link as the book sounds informative LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:27, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Disscus
Can we have a disscusion to determin if this belongs in the article, before a revert war starts? Thank you. --Smokizzy (talk) 05:20, 3 June 2007 (UTC)

"Children who attend summer camps are unable to go to release parties or even have easy access to the new book because the last three books, as well as the next one, have all been released in the middle of summer. For the final book, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, which will be released this summer, camp counselors are taking different measures to allow their campers to experience the book at the same time that the rest of the world does; though camps won't allow their kids to be removed by their parents for the night, many of them order mass copies of the books, and some are planning a field trip to a local bookstore."

Harry Potter versus Twilight
A passionate debate has raged online and in many teen circles about which is the "better" fantasy book series: Harry Potter or Twilight. Team Read, an after-school literacy program in Seattle, recently conducted a student debate where two teams hashed it out. Afterward, a panel of judges and the standing-room-only audience voted 120-40 that the Harry Potter had won the debate. In a separate vote not related to the debate, the audience also voted overwhelmingly that Harry Potter was the better series. —Preceding unsigned comment added by ThreeGGGG (talk • contribs) 22:39, 27 March 2009 (UTC)

Harry Potter courses at college
I'm not sure if this belongs here at all, but I remember when I was registering for courses at Eastern Michigan University, they were touting a new course they had created that was about Harry Potter. Several people from my orientation group registered for it. Check it out here

I found it noteworthy because it's not every popular series that gets a college course created for it... Ilyeana 00:47, 20 July 2007 (UTC)

I agree will do research to see if it's a one off and if it isn't will add LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:29, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Fandom link to be added.
I would please request that the link for The Wizarding World of Harry Potter be added, as it is a growing fan website about the new Harry Potter theme park.

by Kirtay. 20:20, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Small error re one specific site.
Hi - I feel awkward editing something about a site I manage without saying so in advance here, but the line about FictionAlley in the fanfic section isn't accurate - we started the site (ie within the first two weeks of its existence) with specific sections for four types of fic, but in late 2005 we merged the sections within one submission-and-search system, and nowadays the "house" sections are only used as a sort of default search engine. I'm not sure what to change it to, though, except perhaps "FictionAlley, which is the largest Harry Potter-specific fanfic-fanart-fan essays site, has subdivided categories for different types of fics, such as romances or comedies." But other wording would be great - my request is just to remove the implication that the site was divided into four because it got too big, which isn't true. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Heidi8 (talk • contribs) 18:55, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
 * That's all right, thank you so much for telling us! Perhaps the sentence would work if we knew approx. how many stories FictionAlley holds — could you tell us that statistic, and point to a page on the website that confirms this? --Fbv65 e del / ☑t / ☛c || 21:43, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

Abbreviations
Should PS, SS, CoS, CS, PoA, PA, GoF, GF, OotP, OP, HBP and DH be noted?Arry 02:11, 9 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Do you mean should the fact that the books are abbreviated to two- or three-letter abbreviations by fans be noted? No, I don't think that's notable. We make abbreviations all the time. We don't mention in the Wikipedia article that people often refer to it as WP. --Fbv65 e del — t — c // 05:16, 9 December 2007 (UTC)

It should be added as it will help people new to the subculture LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:31, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

The Wizard Rockumentary
Since the film is now completed (I was even at the premiere), I changed some info in the Wizard Rock section, and added a bit more as well. I went ahead and included it for the time being, but is the info about screenings noteworthy enough for inclusion? I primarily thought to add it because the documentary has spawned a parody documentary of its own, The Wizard Schlockumentary, which will be screened alongside it at one showing. Squareintheteeth (talk) 14:01, 12 April 2008 (UTC)

Another Harry Potter Fandom Documentary
Through googling information about The Wizard Rockumentary, I came across another documentary film about Potter fans: We Are Wizards. It's still touring the festival circuit (it only just premiered at the South by Southwest festival a few weeks back), but it includes Potter fan fiction, fan sites like the Leaky Cauldron, and even profiles Brad Neely of Wizard People, Dear Readers in addition to covering wizard rock. It's well-covered in online press, as well as a ton of reviews from SXSW.

Anyway, I'd edit and put it right there with The Wizard Rockumentary, except it covers multiple realms of fandom -- maybe a new section is called for: Fandom documentaries? I'd rather let the more experienced hands sort it out, in any case. Squareintheteeth (talk) 17:14, 12 April 2008 (UTC)

AP article
Here's a good source: the Associated Press did an article on wizard rock. --Masamage ♫ 22:43, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

Intro Photo
Nice photo for the intro paragraph, but it may be a bit dated. I have one that shows a trolley half sticking out of the wall, taken in September of 2006. Would it be acceptable to replace the current image with a newer one? Dp76764 (talk) 17:30, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

 * No objections apparently. Changed photo. Dp76764 (talk) 15:31, 8 August 2008 (UTC)

Ship Debate Section
This section needs some work. It reads very biased an not very objective. JCgirlandlegal (talk) 19:36, 5 August 2008 (UTC)
 * The comments about Emerson Spartz are nothing short of outrageous. "Coincidentally, he continued to ignore the fact that he had indeed intentionally offended fans, and never in the statement made a real apology." If they are still here next time I look in, I'm removing them. HTH HAND —Phil | Talk 15:45, 27 August 2008 (UTC)

What's wrong with that it's factually true LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:33, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Is the kings cross station fucking retarded?
"Because students in the novels board the train to Hogwarts at Platform 9¾ at King's Cross railway station in London, the real King's Cross has erected a sign at a wall between tracks 8 and 9 to commemorate this."

8->9.75->9 DOES NOT COMPUTE
 * Unless I'm mistaken, platforms nine and ten are nowhere near each other, so they had to settle. By the way, your tone and language aren't exactly constructive, I'd try to express myself better in the future if you want to be taken seriously. faithless   (speak)  00:33, 1 October 2008 (UTC)

My memory of its position is that it's more alongside several platforms, than actually between any 23:56, 21 January 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.194.82.149 (talk)

Wizard Rock?
Why was the WRock section removed? It seemed good enough to me.. ~Sana (talk) 19:51, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

Rolls eyes nitpick alert LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:35, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Rolls eyes nitpick alert LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:35, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

American spelling
I'm seeing some American spelling here. I even changed something to the British spelling and it was reverted as "vandalism". 78.148.0.198 (talk) 12:05, 22 December 2009 (UTC)

Quidditch
The Muggle Quidditch section of this article seems to leave out an important detail, the IQA. internationalquidditch.org. Some parts of this article also have outdated language, such as one of the documentaries. Bassoon Man The Freak (talk) 12:24, 15 November 2011 (UTC)

Where are the fan books?
A few books were mentioned, but there were a number of high-profile, high-selling books that aren't in this article. Where are 'The Sorcerer's Companion,' 'Ultimate Unofficial Guide,' and the biggest selling one, 'The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter'? Is this an official page? The fandom was such a huge part of the story, and so much is missing. I will look to see if there is an official page covering the fandom somewhere else. Number.6.freeman (talk) 02:23, 22 March 2013 (UTC)

I agree I plan on working something up LordFluffington454 (talk) 21:37, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Should this page mention Wizarding Independence Day (AKA International Harry Potter Day)?
I've already starting creating an article about this unofficial holiday, and I've gathered some sources. This is my first try at making a wikipedia article, and I'm not sure if a whole article is best for this topic or if it would be better as a section within the harry potter fandom article. (Although other fan-based unofficial holidays have their own articles though, such as Star Wars Day, Towel Day, Hobbit Day..) It was originally an April Fools joke from Mugglenet, and as since gathered supporters in the form of facebook groups, tumblr pages, and blog posts. There's a slight debate about the day it should be celebrated (May 2nd, which is the anniversary of the Battle of Hogwarts, or July 31, Harry Potter's and JK Rowling's birthday). Ladwholived (talk) 16:50, 29 April 2014 (UTC)
 * If you can find enough sources to establish notability, then by all means create an article. And, if the event is that notable, then a mention in this article would certainly be warranted.  DP 76764  (Talk) 17:19, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

Religions.
If you want to make claims about Potter religions, please make them via reliable sources. Both of those you mention in your edit summary fall way short of being reliable for Wikipedia.

WP:RELIABLE would be a good place to start to make sure your sources are up to scratch. Chaheel Riens (talk) 19:53, 24 January 2016 (UTC)

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Hagrid and Olympe maxime's Journey
I was re-reading the Order of the Phoenix and when Hagrid was telling his story about the mission that Dumbledore gave them, I got to thinking THAT would make a great movie! starting off with the ending of the TRiwizard tournament and Dumbledore tried to make all the right decisions and He calls Hagrid and Madam Maxime and gives them the mission. The rest of the movie is about their journey, and traveling trying to be careful and reaching the mountains and talking to the Gurg and the giant fight they had and all of the details that Hagrid gives when he is telling the story to the golden trio. I would love to see that movie! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2605:6001:E657:F100:2412:6379:7FC9:77B (talk) 02:46, 10 April 2017 (UTC)

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I can't believe this article exists
There is a dark side of WP and I've found it. By jove, I've found it. ‡ Єl Cid, Єl Caɱ̩peador ᐁT₳LKᐃ  02:10, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
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Semi-protected edit request on 29 May 2022
Wanting to add a picture back under the “Pottermania” section that showed fans cosplaying in London 3rachalifestyle (talk) 04:01, 29 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting question.svg Question: The page has been protected to prevent vandalism, so can you link to the image you wish to add back? You appear to be a new user so may not be aware but Wiki cannot use external images so it must be one that has either been uploaded to the project or to Commons.  Chaheel Riens (talk) 06:19, 29 May 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Harry Potter fandom


text:
Water block

A water block is the watercooling equivalent of a heatsink. It is a type of plate heat exchanger and can be used on many different computer components, including the central processing unit (CPU), GPU, PPU, and northbridge chipset on the motherboard. There are also Monoblocks on the market that are mounted on PC motherboards and cover the CPU and its power delivery VRMs (Voltage Regulator Modules) that surround the CPU socket area. It consists of at least two main parts; the "base", which is the area that makes contact with the device being cooled and is usually manufactured from metals with high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or copper. The second part, the "top" ensures the water is contained safely inside the water block and has connections that allow hosing to connect it with the water cooling loop. The top can be made of the same metal as the base, transparent Perspex, Delrin, Nylon, or HDPE. Most newer high-end water blocks also contain mid-plates which serve to add jet tubes, nozzles, and other flow altering devices. The base, top, and mid-plate(s) are sealed together to form a "block" with some sort of path for water to flow through. The ends of the path have inlet/outlet connectors for the tubing that connects it to the rest of the watercooling system. Early designs included spiral, zig-zag pattern or heatsink like fins to allow the largest possible surface area for heat to transfer from the device being cooled to the water. These designs generally were used because the conjecture was that maximum flow was required for high performance. Trial and error and the evolution of water block design has shown that trading flow for turbulence can often improve performance. The Storm series of water blocks is an example of this. Its jet tube mid plate and cupped base design makes it more restrictive to the flow of water than early maze designs but the increased turbulence results in a large increase in performance. Newer designs include "pin" style blocks, "jet cup" blocks, further refined maze designs, micro-fin designs, and variations on these designs. Increasingly restrictive designs have only been possible because of increases in maximum head pressure of commercially viable water pumps.

A water block is better at dissipating heat than an air-cooled heatsink due to water's higher specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity. The water is usually pumped through to a radiator which allows a fan pushing air through it to take the heat created from the device and expel it into the air. A radiator is more efficient than a standard CPU or GPU heatsink/air cooler at removing heat because it has a much larger surface area.

Installation of a water block is also similar to that of a heatsink, with a thermal pad or thermal grease placed between it and the device being cooled to aid in heat conduction.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Water block


text:
Talk:Lancia 1ZM

Untitled
This text originally is from, which is, according to , effectively public domain. Lupo 07:44, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Operators
Should Nazi Germany be added to the list of operators as the last paragraph of the In combat section seems to indicate they did use this vehicle. -- The frood talk 22:23, 8 July 2012 (UTC)

Wrong name?
According to the Italian WP, this should be called 1Z (and 1ZM), not IZ. Warren (talk) 18:02, 23 August 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lancia 1ZM


text:
Cotan

Cotan may refer to:

 * Cotangent, abbreviated as cotan, a trigonometric function

People with the surname

 * Alin Coțan (born 1982), Romanian footballer
 * Antonio Cotán (born 1995), Spanish footballer
 * Imron Cotan (born 1954), Indonesian diplomat
 * Juan Sánchez Cotán (1560–1627), Spanish painter of still lives

title: Cotan


text:
Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation

The Najdorf Variation of the Sicilian Defence is one of the most popular, reputable, and deeply studied of all chess openings. Modern Chess Openings calls it the "Cadillac" or "Rolls-Royce" of chess openings. The opening is named after the Polish-Argentine grandmaster Miguel Najdorf, although he was not the first strong player to play the variation. Many players have relied on the Najdorf (notably Bobby Fischer and Garry Kasparov, although Kasparov would often transpose into a Scheveningen).

The Najdorf begins:

 * 1. e4 c5
 * 2. Nf3 d6
 * 3. d4 cxd4
 * 4. Nxd4 Nf6
 * 5. Nc3 a6

Black's 5...a6 aims to deny the b5-square to White's knights and light-square bishop while maintaining flexible. If Black plays 5...e5 immediately, then after 6.Bb5+ Bd7 (or 6...Nbd7 7.Nf5) 7.Bxd7+ Nbxd7 (or Qxd7) 8.Nf5, the knight on f5 is difficult to dislodge without concessions. Games in the Najdorf frequently feature opposite-side castling, where White and both sides launch simultaneous attacks on their opponents' kings.

Black usually plans a  to pressure White's e4-pawn. This is often carried out by means of ...b5, ...Bb7, and placing a knight on d5, or c4 via b6.

History and development
Players began experimenting with 5...a6 in the 1920s, often transposing to the Scheveningen after a subsequent ...e6. The Czech chess master Karel Opočenský was among the first to combine 5...a6 with ...e5, and in an attempt to have the variation named after him, claimed to have shown it to Miguel Najdorf himself. However, Najdorf was a stronger player and, with the help of other strong Argentine players in the 1950s, deepened the analysis of the opening. He played it as early as 1937. "it was Miguel who realized that in this position the move 5...a6 was always useful for Black. If it is not played on the fifth move it will be played on the seventh or the fourteenth. So then, being a practical person, he thought 'if you have to do something at 7:00AM or at 9:00 or at 10:00, better do it as soon as you get up, and get it over with'."Ironically, Najdorf would abandon the variation later when the theory developed to become very sophisticated:"'Here comes some kid who's memorized the moves and he kills me. He arrives with his books, he gets me into something I don't know and Najdorf dies at the hands of the Najdorf Variation.' So from then on he played something else. A Ruy Lopez as Black, something classic in which the other had to know how to play chess to beat him."6.Bg5 is an aggressive attempt by White to refute the opening and was regarded as the main line until the 1980s when its use began to decline. Bobby Fischer, who called the Najdorf "one of the greatest creations in chess theory", favoured the Lipnitzky/Fischer Attack (6.Bc4) for much of his career. He won numerous games with it as White, though in the following years counterattacking approaches were found for Black that led to its decline, though a modern variation (7...Nbd7) caused a resurgence and it appeared in the 1993 PCA World Championship match between Garry Kasparov and Nigel Short. Anatoly Karpov faced the Najdorf many times with the white pieces, and frequently opted for the Classical/Opočenský Variation (6.Be2) (inspired by Efim Geller, who acted as Karpov’s second). The Classical Variation aims to castle kingside for a more positional game, which suited Karpov's style. He contributed both to the theory and the popularity of the variation while at his peak, finding ways to exploit the weakness of the d5-square created by the Black's move 6...e5. Garry Kasparov would often transpose to the Scheveningen (6...e6) to avoid this problem when the two competed for the World Championships. In the 1980s and 1990s, a number of English players (John Nunn, Nigel Short, and Murray Chandler) began using an approach previously tried against other Sicilian variations, such as the Dragon. The English Attack, named for them, involves 6.Be3, and often leads to opposite-side castling with both sides launching a simultaneous pawn storm on opposite sides of the board. This approach has become the modern mainline and is seen regularly at the highest level.

Classical Main line: 6...e6
The main move. In the early days of the Najdorf 7.Qf3 was popular, but the reply 7...h6 did not allow White to obtain any advantage. Nowadays, White players almost universally respond with the move: 7.f4. White threatens 8.e5, but Black has several options:
 * 7...Be7 8.Qf3 and now:
 * 8...Qc7 9.0-0-0 Nbd7, this is called the old main line. At this point White usually responds with 10.g4 or 10.Bd3. After each of these moves there is a huge body of opening theory.
 * 8...h6 9.Bh4 g5. This is known as the Argentine/Goteborg Variation. It was first played in round 14 of 1955 Goteborg Interzonal simultaneously by Argentine players Panno, Pilnik, and Najdorf who were facing the Soviet grandmasters Geller, Spassky, and Keres. The games in question proceeded as follows: 10.fxg5 Nfd7 (Black aims to route a knight to e5, and then back it up by a knight at d7 or c6) 11.Nxe6 (Efim Geller's discovery) 11...fxe6 12.Qh5+ Kf8 13.Bb5.  Here Panno played 13...Ne5, while Pilnik and Najdorf chose 13...Kg7; however, all three Argentine players lost in very short order and the line was, for a while, considered refuted. In 1958 Bobby Fischer played 13...Rh7!, versus Svetozar Gligorić at the Portorož Interzonal, in a critical last-round game. According to modern opening theory, this position is a draw at best for White. A 10,000 node analysis by Leela Lc0 departs from this line with 11.Bg3. Black can route the knight as intended 11...Ne5. White blockades the h-pawn 12.Qh5. Black can take the g5-pawn, leading to a knights exchange 12...Bxg5 13.Nf3 Nxf3 14.Qxf3.
 * 7...Qb6 one of the most popular choices at master level.
 * 8.Qd2 the extremely complicated Poisoned Pawn Variation: 8...Qxb2 9.Rb1 (9.Nb3 is the other less common option) 9...Qa3 and here White has played both 10.f5 and 10.e5. Both lead to extremely sharp play where the slightest inaccuracy is fatal for either side. Since 2006, when it was played in several high-level games, 10.e5 has become very popular. From the standpoint of the theory, it is regarded as White's only attempt to play for a win against the Poisoned Pawn Variation since all other variations (and that includes the other pawn move, 10.f5) have been analysed to a draw with the best play. An example is a game Vallejo Pons–Kasparov, Moscow 2004, which was called "a model modern grandmaster draw!" by Kasparov himself in Revolution in the 70s (page 164).
 * 8.Nb3 White opts for a quiet game, but Black has nothing to worry about: 8...Be7 9.Qf3 Nbd7 10.0-0-0 Qc7 where we have reached a set-up very similar to that of the old main line mentioned above. Without the d4-knight, however, White will find it very hard to organize an attack.
 * 8.Qd3 is a modified version of the Poisoned Pawn Variation, often played to pose different challenges from what an opponent might be used to after Qd2. After 8...Qxb2 9.Rb1 Qa3, a key point is that the queen on d3 allows for future potential discovered attacks on Black's queen. It is less popular than Qd2, however, as the queen covers more useful squares on d2.
 * 8.a3 is a more challenging reply for White. It protects the pawn indirectly as 8...Qxb2 is met by 9.Na4! winning the queen. Black usually plays 8...Nc6, although 8...Nbd7 is also playable. The 8.a3 line has been seen several times at the grandmaster level recently.
 * 7...b5 the ultra-sharp Polugaevsky Variation. Black ignores White's threat and expands on the queenside. 8.e5 dxe5 9.fxe5 Qc7 here White either plays 10.exf6 Qe5+ 11.Be2 Qxg5 or 10.Qe2 Nfd7 11.0-0-0 Bb7.
 * 7...Qc7 championed by Garry Kasparov before he switched to playing 7...Qb6 exclusively.
 * 7...Nbd7 popularised by Boris Gelfand.
 * 7...Nc6?! is risky and of a dubious theoretical reputation due to the response: 8.e5!
 * 7...h6!? the Poisoned Pawn Deferred. The line 8.Bh4 Qb6 9.a3 was played twice in the 2016 London Chess Classic (Caruana–Nakamura and Nakamura–Vachier-Lagrave ), though White won both games.

6...Nbd7
Historically speaking, this was the usual reply until the mid-1960s, when the rejoinder 7.Bc4 put the move "out of business". Recently, however, the line has seen a resurgence in high-level play. The idea for Black is to postpone ...e6 to retain more dynamic options (for example, to play ...e7–e5 in one move). The most important developments include:
 * 7.Bc4 Qb6 This is a move introduced by Leinier Dominguez. The idea is to win a tempo by attacking b2, after which Black can finish his development beginning 8...e6. The last word on the line has not yet been given. The whole variation with 6...Nbd7 is covered in the book by Ľubomír Ftáčnik in the chapter "Blood Diamond".
 * 7.f4 Qc7 8.Qf3:
 * 8...h6 9.Bh4 e5. The idea is to gain time over ...e6 by playing ...e7–e5 in one move. Later on it turned out that 9...g5! is even better. (This variation is covered by Ufuk Tuncer and Twan Burg in New In Chess, Yearbook 102.)
 * 8...b5. With the idea of fianchettoing the bishop to b7. (The variation is covered by Ufuk Tuncer in New In Chess, Yearbook 101.)
 * 7...g6 is another modern way to meet both 7.f4 and 7.Qe2. The idea is to castle kingside rapidly and then start to attack with ...b5–b4, while wasting no time with the e-pawn.

English Attack: 6.Be3
This has become the modern main line. Since the early 1990s, the English Attack, 6.Be3 followed by f3, g4, Qd2 and 0-0-0 in some order, has become extremely popular and has been intensively analysed. Four lines are then usual for Black:

 * The classical 6...e5:
 * If White plays 7.Nb3, then Black usually continues 7...Be6, trying to control the d5-square. The most common move is then 8.f3, allowing White to play Qd2 next move. If White had tried to play 8.Qd2, then Black could respond with 8...Ng4.
 * But if White plays 7.Nf3, then Black's main choices are 7...Be7 and 7...Qc7.

 * Trying to transpose to the Scheveningen by playing 6...e6. White can either opt for the standard English Attack by playing 7.f3 or try the even sharper Hungarian Attack (also known as Perenyi Attack) by playing 7.g4. Black can revert to 7...e5, attempting to show that moving the g-pawn has created an overextension for White. After 8.Nf5 g6 9.g5 the game is dynamically balanced.

 * The knight move: 6...Ng4. White continues: 7.Bg5 h6 8.Bh4 g5 9.Bg3 Bg7, but the nature of this position is quite different from the ones arising after 6...e6 and 6...e5, so sometimes White tries to avoid the knight jump by playing 6.f3 instead of 6.Be3. However, aside from eliminating the option to play the Hungarian Attack mentioned above, it gives Black other possibilities such as 6...Qb6 and 6...b5.

 * 6...Nbd7. The objective of this move is to get into the English Attack while avoiding the Perenyi Attack. 7.g4 is less dangerous now because with 6...Nbd7 Black is more flexible as the bishop on c8 can attack g4 now and the knight on d7 can jump to interesting squares.

Fischer–Sozin/Lipnitzky Attack: 6.Bc4
Introduced by Veniamin Sozin in the 1930s, this received little attention until Fischer regularly adopted it, and it was a frequent guest at the top level through the 1970s. White plays 6.Bc4 with the idea of playing against f7, so Black usually counters with 6...e6 7.Bb3 b5. The Sozin has become less popular because of 7...Nbd7 where Black intends to follow up with ...Nc5 later. It is possible to avoid the 7...Nbd7 option with 7.0-0, but this cuts out the aggressive possibility of castling long.

Classical/Opočenský Variation: 6.Be2
Because of the success of various players with these variations, White often plays 6.Be2 and goes for a quieter, more positional game, whereupon Black has the option of transposing into a Scheveningen Variation by playing 6...e6 or keeping the game in Najdorf lines by playing 6...e5. Another option is to play 6...Nbd7.

Amsterdam Variation: 6.f4
Some lines include:
 * 6...e5 7.Nf3 Nbd7 8.a4 Be7 9.Bd3 0-0
 * 6...Qc7 7.Bd3
 * 6...e6 7.Be2

GM Daniel King recommends 6...g6 against the Amsterdam Variation, leading to a more defensive kingside pawn structure. The idea is to eventually counterattack on the g1–a7 diagonal with a move like ...Qb6, preventing White from castling. An example line would be 6...g6 7.Nf3 Bg7 8.a4 Nc6 (note 8...Nc6 as opposed to the usual Najdorf ...Nbd7, as c6 is a more flexible square for the knight with a queen on b6) 9.Bd3 Qb6.

Adams Attack: 6.h3
Introduced by Weaver Adams during the middle of the twentieth century, this odd-looking pawn move has mostly been used as a surprise weapon to combat the Najdorf. Should Black continue with 6...e5 anyway, White can respond with 7.Nde2 following up with g4 and Ng3, fighting for the weak light squares by playing g5. It is thus recommended that Black prevents g4 altogether with 7...h5.

Black can also employ a Scheveningen set-up with 6...e6 followed by 7.g4 b5 8.Bg2 Bb7, forcing White to lose more time by defending the e4-pawn, since ...b4 is a threat. It was not until early 2008 that an answer to Black was finally found. After 9.0-0 b4, White has the positional sacrifice 10.Nd5!, which gives Black long-term weaknesses and an open e-file for White to play on. Since then, it has been popular on all levels of play.

Other sixth moves for White
A notable feature of the Najdorf is the sheer amount of potential white replies - Grandmasters have played 22 different responses to 5...a6. Beside the main lines mentioned above, 6.f3, 6.g3, and 6.a4 are also respected responses to the Najdorf. Moves such as 6.Bd3, 6.Qf3, 6.Rg1 (the Petronic Attack), 6.Nb3, 6.a3, 6.h4, 6.Qe2, 6.Qf3, and 6.Qd3 are rarely played, but are not considered bad and may be used for surprise value. Other very rare moves include 6.g4, 6.Nf3, 6.b3, 6.Qd2, and 6.Bd2.

Notable games

 * Shakhriyar Mamedyarov vs. Boris Gelfand. 0–1. Candidates (2011), Kazan. Fischer-Sozin Attack: Flank Variation. After various sacrifices, Gelfand has six extra pawns for a rook.
 * Sergey Karjakin vs. Viswanathan Anand. 0–1. Corus Group A (2006), Wijk aan Zee. English Attack. Anand sacrifices a knight and a bishop and Karjakin resigns with checkmate unstoppable.
 * Michael Adams vs. Garry Kasparov. 0–1. Linares (2005). English Attack. Both players attack simultaneously and Kasparov claimed later that it was important to let his opponent think he was winning.
 * Wolfgang Unzicker vs. Robert James Fischer. 0–1. Varna Olympiad Final-A (1962). Classical/Opočenský Variation. A nineteen-year-old Fischer outplays his opponent in a more positional line.

title: Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation


text:
Brian Spillett

Brian Spillett GC (21 July 1937 – 16 January 1965) was posthumously awarded the George Cross, the highest British (and Commonwealth) award for bravery out of combat. Spillett died of burns he received while trying to save a neighbour in Lodge Crescent, Waltham Cross, Hertfordshire in Chase Farm Hospital in Enfield. He was a Territorial Army Lance-Bombardier in P Battery, 289 Parachute Light Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery and in civilian life worked as a fitter. His George Cross was announced in a supplement to the London Gazette of 25 June 1965, and dated 29 June 1965.

The London Gazette citation describes how Spillett became aware that there was a fire at a neighbouring house where three generations of a family lived. Spillett arrived, still only partly dressed, to learn that the father Mr Palmer of the family was still in the house. The whole house was already well alight, but he went in despite being held back by other neighbours. He managed to fight his way upstairs but was unable to get through to the trapped man. He himself became trapped and had to escape the flames by jumping from a first floor window. Once the fire was over, he was found in the garden of a neighbour after crawling down the garden, through the alley and thinking he was crawling to his own back door to his wife, ended up at the back door of a neighbour, badly burned and with other serious injuries, from jumping and falling through the leanto. He was taken to hospital but died a week later. He was survived by a young wife Jean and four-month-old daughter, Jacqueline Spillett.

title: Brian Spillett


text:
Science and Industry

Science and Industry is a multiplayer, teamplay mod for the video game Half-Life. It is one of the oldest Half-Life mods and has been described as a classic mod. The current version of the game is 1.4 beta 14, released on January 19, 2019. The game was first publicly released on July 31, 1999, as version 0.94.

Gameplay
Players assume the role of a security guard for one of two fictional corporations Amalgamated Fluorodynamics (AFD) and Midland Carbide Labs (MCL).

The main objective on the standard map type is to capture enemy scientists (who are non-player characters) while defending your own. This is accomplished by locating your enemies research labs, hitting one of the scientists there over the head with your briefcase and then taking him back to your company's administrator.

Additional scientists increase the rate of a company's income which can be considered the team's score.

Scientists also research new weapons, implants, armor upgrades and devices for their company. Each time a new technology is completed, players vote for the next one to be researched.

Players spawn in the "Cloning Facilities" of their company, where they can find weapons and ammo crates, as well as health and armor chargers. At the start of the game, the only weapons available are a briefcase and a pistol, but this arsenal grows bigger as new weapons are researched by the scientists. Players decide which technology to research next by voting for it. The available technologies are divided in 5 branches: Weapons, Armor, Implants, Devices and Process Upgrades.

Players decide to either defend their company or attack the other company. Attacking consists mainly of reaching the other company's laboratories, grabbing a scientist by knocking him out with the briefcase, and carrying back to the administrator. If a player dies while carrying a scientist, the scientist stays on the ground unconscious for a limited amount of time before teleporting back to his laboratories. During that time the original carrier or one of his teammates can pick up the scientist again. Some maps feature alternative objectives such as stealing resources (discs, biospecimen) or breaking computers. Defending requires protecting the company's laboratories, this is usually done by defending key areas (entries to the laboratories), killing intruders, and defending unconscious scientists.

Objectives
A standard game lasts 30 minutes. The company with the most money at the end wins.

The main way to earn money is to have more scientists than the enemy. Each company starts with three scientists, so a company is making more money than the enemy corporation if it employs at least 4 scientists. So the team with more scientists wins.

Some maps feature other objectives than capturing and protecting scientists. A first kind of alternative objective is breakables: these are computers or machinery that can be broken and cost money to replace. A second kind of alternative objective is resources: these are computer discs or research specimen that can be stolen and give a cash bonus.

Players also cost money to their company each time they die, since cloning them back to life is not free.

Reception
Science and Industry has received praise for the quality of its maps and unique weapons, but with some criticism over patchy online play.

title: Science and Industry


text:
John Walton (Continental Congress)

John Walton (1738 – 1783), a Founding Father of the United States, was a Georgia delegate to the Continental Congress. Though born in Virginia, Walton later became a planter near Augusta. He was elected as a delegate from St. Paul Parish to the Provincial Congress at Savannah in 1775, and then elected to the Continental Congress in 1778. He signed the Articles of Confederation on behalf of Georgia on July 24, 1778. He held the office of surveyor of Richmond County for several years before his death in New Savannah, Georgia in 1783.

Walton's brother was George Walton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence for Georgia and one of the first governors of Georgia.

title: John Walton (Continental Congress)


text:
Talk:Ansaldo armored car (1925)

Original source
This text is based on, which according to is effectively public domain. Lupo 07:54, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Article needs to be renamed
Wikipedians, after a long online search I was unable to locate any "Fiat-Ansaldo" armoured vehicle prior to 1935 (this is better explained in the Italian Wikipedia). I've checked the only source indicated for this article (in this "Talk Page", not in the article itself), and this vehicle is mentioned only as "Ansaldo Armored Car". So I'll rename thsi article accordingly, and will try then to expand the content a little bit (if I can find additional sources). Regards, DPdH (talk) 07:00, 21 January 2014 (UTC)

Article renamed and reworked
I've completed the renaming of the article as explained above, and added structure to the article to move from "stub" to "start". Now I'm looking for additional verifiable sources to further improve it. Any help will be appreciated! Thanks & regards, DPdH (talk) 08:15, 21 January 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ansaldo armored car (1925)


text:
Talk:Honda Shadow 600

What is a 'mkg' and who uses it? Bobblewik 07:55, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * It is actually Nm / 9.81. 9.81 is G on earth. At least the websites of Yamaha Motors Brazil and Europe use it as the torque measure unit. In fact I don't know the right symbol. Some write mkg, others kgf/m or kg-m... Ukuk 11:41, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Honda Shadow 600


text:
Pieris marginalis reicheli

Pieris marginalis reicheli is one of the many subspecies of Pieris marginalis, a species of Pierid butterfly. Its range is mainly confined to British Columbia, Canada.

title: Pieris marginalis reicheli


text:
Talk:Themis (hypothetical moon)

Comment
Should Themis really be included in the moon navigator? Other moons that were not confirmed aren't included. --Patteroast 07:56, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * This one is rather unique from a historical perspective, as it was "discovered" twice, rather early in history, and stayed around for a long time in reference books until it was dismissed. Recent cases are much more evanescent in nature. I think it should stay.

 * Urhixidur 13:22, 2004 Aug 17 (UTC)

Latimer's Story
Philip Latimer, in his novel Missing Men of Saturn, has Themis collide with Titan, "getting rid of the little nuisance once and for all", according to the introduction. CFLeon 22:34, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

Themis disproven
When and how exactly was Themis proven to not be a moon of Saturn? That info should rate a couple of sentences in the article, more than just 'However, Pickering was mistaken...'. There isn't any info on it on the Saturn's natural satellites page either.

Bird of paradox 13:10, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

Pickering may have mistaken Hyperion for something new. David M. Harland discusses the case in his book Mission to Saturn: Cassini and the Huygens Probe. He notes that the object Pickering observed could well have been an asteroid. The state of play appears to be: Pickering saw something on those plates; if it was something new, it was probably an asteroid or else a misidentified object that we are already familiar with; in any event failure of anyone, anywhere to see this moon again is taken as evidence that Themis does not really exist. It was never disproven because it was never proven in the first place. This ma seem puzzling to a layman but it is actually quite simple: scientists also have careers to think about, so when he or she thinks he or she has something new, they publish, usually in the genuine conviction that the finding is "real" and anticipating confirmation by many others. Sometimes mistakes are made and the novel phenomenon is never heard of again. Should, you ask, scientists be more careful in making absolutely sure before they publish? Well, yes, many scientists are like that, but you have never heard of their names.2A01:CB0C:CD:D800:1CAF:55D1:AFCD:2445 (talk) 15:45, 14 February 2021 (UTC)

 * They now know that Saturn has 146 moons. Is it at all possible that one of them is Themis re-discovered?  Did Pickering provide any data that might suggest its orbital location, and we could now extrapolate to see if one of those 136 other moons they now know of is close enough to match? GBC (talk) 17:45, 16 July 2023 (UTC)
 * A quick look at Moons of Saturn should make it clear that there's no moon orbiting between Titan and Hyperion, where Themis was said to be. The recently discovered moons are all distant irregular moons. SevenSpheres (talk) 19:05, 30 January 2024 (UTC)

Hypothetical
The word is being misused here. Themis' "existence" was not based on a hypothesis, but on a, presumably incorrect, observation. 90.219.103.203 (talk) 01:29, 21 August 2015 (UTC)

 * Yes and no. In modern English usage (and yes, this is the English-language page) the word hypothesis is nigh-on synonymous with theory. So in that sense you are right. However, in its original sense (which is still current in French, for example) the meanings is somewhat wider, including possibilities one is willing to entertain. We are still not quite sure just what he saw on those plates! (Or are we?) Something of this wider sense survives in English. For instance, when you ask for advice on an embarrassing issue, you may pretend it is "for a friend" - your interlocutor will not be fooled and typically refer to "this hypothetical friend" of yours, and not your "theoretical friend" (although that would not be impossible).

I have a question about this and I ask it because the answer would deserve to appear on the main page: if these original photographic plates have survived, the nature of the "incorrectness" might have been determined. Is this known? Did he incorrectly interpret the physical traces, and have these now been found to be attributable to something else - and is the something else known? Or, more mysteriously, is the photographic evidence entirely in line with the existence of this hypothetical moon? For in that case, we have a mystery of evidence that never turned up again, and we might entertain the thought that it was a falsification (but the context of the story would very strongly suggest that the guy was sincere in his discoveries true and false). 2A01:CB0C:CD:D800:1CAF:55D1:AFCD:2445 (talk) 15:35, 14 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Themis (hypothetical moon)


text:
Peter Ivany

Peter Alexander Ivany (born 1954) is an Australian entrepreneur. He currently runs Ivany Investment Group and is the former CEO of Hoyts (1988–1999).

Biography
Peter Ivany was born in Melbourne, Australia in 1954. As Chief Executive of Hoyts Cinemas (1988–1999), Ivany grew the company to a global business with over 2,000 theatres operating in 12 countries. In 1999, he sold the business to Kerry Packer's Consolidated Press group.

Ivany is the Chairman of the Life Governors Advisory Council of the Jewish Communal Appeal (JCA), Chairman of the Sydney Swans Foundation, and Chairman of the National Institute of Dramatic Arts (NIDA) Foundation Trust,

Peter is a board member of the Sydney Cricket Ground Heritage Trust, Sydney Swans Limited, NIDA, The Sydney Zoo, The Sydney Zoo Foundation and Allied Credit. He is also a member of The Advisory Council for the Sydney Film Festival and is an Adjunct Professor for the Faculty of Business at the University of Technology Sydney.

He has previously been involved as a board member of the Sydney Cricket Ground Trust, the Jewish Film Festival, the Sydney Film Festival, the Museum of Contemporary Art, and the President's Council of the Art Gallery of New South Wales. Ivany was also the chairman of the council that governs the Australian Film, Television and Radio School. In June 2018, Peter Ivany and Sharon Ivany announced a gift of one million dollars to Museum of Contemporary Art Australia (MCA) to invest in sustaining future programming.

He is currently chairman and CEO of his own diversified investment company, Ivany Investment Group (IIG).

Awards
On Australia Day 2007, Ivany was appointed as a Member of the Order of Australia for "service to the community through a range of fundraising, Jewish, arts and sporting organisations, to medical research and public health, and to business education". In the 2021 Queen's Birthday Honours he was promoted to Officer of the Order of Australia for "distinguished service to the community as a supporter of sporting, arts, film, not-for-profit, and natural science organisations".

title: Peter Ivany


text:
William Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow

William Hillier Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow, (7 March 1853 – 23 October 1911), was a British Conservative politician. He held several governmental positions between 1880 and 1905 and was also Governor of New Zealand between 1889 and 1892.

Background and education
Born at Old Alresford, Hampshire, Onslow was the only son of George Augustus Cranley Onslow, son of Thomas Cranley Onslow, second son of Thomas Onslow, 2nd Earl of Onslow. His mother was Mary Harriet Anne Loftus. In 1870, at the age of 17, he succeeded his great-uncle in the earldom of Onslow. He was educated at Eton and Exeter College, Oxford.

Political career, 1880–1889
Onslow briefly served as a Lord-in-waiting (government whip in the House of Lords) under the Earl of Beaconsfield (Benjamin Disraeli) between February and April 1880 and held the same position under Lord Salisbury between 1886 and 1887, and later served under Salisbury as Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies between 1887 and 1888 (in which post he was vice president of the first Colonial Conference in April 1887) and as Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade between 1888 and 1889.

Governor of New Zealand, 1889–1892
In November 1888 Onslow was appointed Governor of New Zealand. As a result of the economic downturn in the late 1880s, he had sought a salaried position as a colonial governor. At 35, he was the youngest governor of New Zealand since George Grey was appointed in 1845 and the first since Robert FitzRoy in 1843 to have no previous experience in a vice-regal position. The New Zealand government had recently cut allowances for the governor, and Onslow was able to obtain the position mainly as it was no longer attractive to more senior colonial administrators.

He assumed the office on 2 May 1889. Shortly after his arrival in Wellington, there was an outbreak of typhoid fever in the town. Onslow's twelve-year-old son and heir, Viscount Cranley, caught the disease and was at one time seen to be in danger of his life. After this Onslow and his family avoided the capital as much as they could - which did not endear them to the New Zealand people. According to the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, Onslow did not "have the flair or flamboyance which helped some later governors win popular support".

In 1890 Onslow became embroiled in controversy over appointments to the Legislative Council (the upper house of the New Zealand parliament), which were made by the governor on the advice of his ministers. Up until then Prime Minister Harry Atkinson had not made any recommendations on appointments. However, this year Atkinson's conservative supporters became more and more concerned that the Liberals under John Ballance would gain power. Atkinson was put under pressure to assure that there was a conservative majority in the council. Onslow, as a Conservative, is considered to have been sympathetic to the idea, especially as he was used to the system in Britain, where it was acceptable practice for an outgoing British government to nominate new members of the House of Lords. He informed Atkinson that a "little list" of nominations for the Legislative Council could be agreed upon and used "if things go wrong with you in the House or Country".

Atkinson lost ground in the election of December 1890, although it was unclear if the Liberals under Ballance would get enough support to form an administration. Rumours of the "little list" began to spread and Onslow was made aware that, even if it was common practice for an outgoing government in Britain to nominate members for the House of Lords, this was not the case in New Zealand. However, despite public opposition, Onslow followed Atkinson's recommendations and nominated six people to the council (although the number was reduced from eleven). He justified his decision to the Colonial Office in London on the basis that he could find no Royal instruction or colonial precedent for refusing Atkinson's nomination and referred to "the constant practice in England". Onslow's actions even further damaged the reputation of the council. Several independent members were pressed to support Ballance, who was able to form an administration.

In 1891 Ballance asked Onslow to nominate 18 representatives to the council in order to counterbalance Atkinson's nominations of the previous year. Onslow said he was unwilling to alter the composition of the council and replace the conservative majority with a liberal one, stating that in his view an upper house of parliament should always be conservative in its nature. He agreed to nominate eight representatives, a compromise Ballance declined. The matter was finally deferred to Onslow's successor, the Earl of Glasgow. Onslow resigned in February 1892 and returned to England.

Political career, 1892–1911
When the Conservatives returned to power in 1895 under Lord Salisbury, Onslow was made Under-Secretary of State for India, a post he retained until 1900, and was then once again Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies between 1900 and 1903 (from 1902 to 1903 under the premiership of Arthur Balfour). In 1903 he entered Balfour's cabinet as President of the Board of Agriculture and was sworn of the Privy Council the same year. He remained at the Board of Agriculture until the government fell in 1905. From 1905 to 1911 he was Lord Chairman of Committees of the House of Lords. He was also President of the Royal Statistical Society from 1905 to 1906. His death was considered a loss to the [RSPB].

Family
Lord Onslow married The Hon. Florence Coulston Gardner, daughter of Alan Gardner, 3rd Baron Gardner, in 1875. They had two sons and two daughters:

 * Lady Dorothy Evelyn Augusta Onslow, married Edward Frederick Lindley Wood (later Baron Irwin and Earl of Halifax) on 21 September 1909.
 * Richard William Alan Onslow, 5th Earl of Onslow (born 23 August 1876, died 9 June 1945), married Violet Marcia Catherine Warwick Bampfylde, the only daughter of Coplestone Bampfylde, 3rd Baron Poltimore, on 22 February 1906.
 * Lady Gwendolen Florence Mary Onslow (born 22 July 1881, died 16 February 1966), married Rupert Edward Cecil Lee Guinness (later Earl of Iveagh).
 * Victor Alexander Herbert Huia Onslow (born 13 November 1890, died 27 June 1922), married Muriel Wheldale on 3 February 1919. He was the first child of a governor to be born in the country; hence the Māori name Huia. He died sometime after suffering a spinal accident when he dived into an Austrian lake in the Dolomites on 16 July 1911.

Lord Onslow died at Hendon, Middlesex, in October 1911, aged 58. He was succeeded in the earldom by his elder son, Richard. The Dowager Countess of Onslow died in August 1934.

title: William Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow


text:
Ehime Prefectural Uwajima Fisheries High School

Ehime Prefectural Uwajima Fisheries High School (愛媛県立宇和島水産高等学校) is a public high school located in Meirinchō, Uwajima, Ehime, Shikoku, Japan established in 1945 as the Ehime Prefectural Fisheries School (愛媛県立水産学校).

Overview
Established in 1945, Ehime Prefectural Uwajima Fisheries High School has produced a large number of alumni. The school was established on April 12, 1945 as an Ehime Prefectural Fisheries School with a capacity of 50 people. The school is the only fishery high school in Ehime Prefecture in Uwajima-shi, an area known for its production of Pagrus aquaculture and pearl aquaculture.

Ehime Maru and USS Greeneville collision
The school operated the vessel Ehime Maru (4th generation), which the USS Greenville, a U.S. Navy submarine, struck and sank on February 9, 2001 during the Ehime Maru and USS Greeneville collision.

The school acquired a new Ehime Maru (5th generation) ship with settlement money from the U.S. Navy. The new ship sailed to Hawaii in 2003. In Hawaii, the principal at the time of the disaster, Kazumitsu Joko (上甲 一光 Jōkō Kazumitsu), read a message from Moriyuki Kato (加戸 守行 Kato Moriyuki), the governor of Ehime Prefecture, addressed to the Hawaiian people.


text:
User talk:194.24.244.5

Hello there! If you want your stub on Brain fingerprinting to survive, please follow the instructions on the copyvio notice and write the stub on the /Temp page. Your text is still accessible in the page history, so you can do a copy/paste to the /Temp page. If you overwrite the copyvio notice, we cannot remove only the previous infringing content, and hence your stub would be gone, too. And I don't want to do the copy/paste because then the author attribution would be wrong. Thank you. Lupo 08:04, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Votes for deletion/The Ten Most Influential People of the Second Millennium
Welcome to Wiki. You'll find much Sound and Fury here, so don't get discouraged; you'll also find much useful information. Consider creating an account since you should sign your vote. Just add ~ at the end of an edit. Cheers, Vincent 07:11, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Daylight saving time
While we appreciate your contributions to this page, unless you can provide a verifiable source for the information you keep adding to the artice for Daylight saving time it is considered original research and in violation of Wikipedia policy. Peyna 02:06, 29 November 2005 (UTC)

Hi, This is not supposed to be a precise scientific statement of measurement. Just common sense observation that should be quite obvious, yet vital for general criticism of DST. You might replace billions with zillions or countless or innumerous. The point is not to measure the wasted manhours. Just to state that the waste is enormous and forms the basis for calling DST in question. Stay healthy m.c.
 * It's still original research; if someone doing a study on DST maybe found it useful to point out that's one thing, but we don't put a note about how many man-hours are wasted each morning tying our shoes into an article about velcro shoes either. It's a poor argument at best, a straw man argument at worst, and doesn't belong on the page unless you can provide some source using it as an actual argument against DST. Peyna 02:48, 29 November 2005 (UTC)
 * It seems the waste of time is not obvious to you. So much more this should be added to enlighten others. Call it then "many people are furious with a stupid waste of time caused by DST". Is that "original research"? Do you not hear curses all around at the time-switch day? If I do not want to waste time on velcro, I give it up. DST is an unavoidable pain for many imposed by governments. Intrusion into their peaceful lives. And changing clocks in one's own mind only is a demonstratably workable solution that could help many angry people relieve their frustrations. Do you not want to help others?

Welcome!
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you are stuck, and looking for help, please come to the Wikipedia Boot Camp, where experienced Wikipedians can answer any queries you have! Or, you can just type   on your user page, and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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I noticed you are known only as an IP address; that means you are not signed up. To sign up, you only need to click Create account and choose a username and password. You don't need to provide any personal information. If you sign up, you'll have a username that others can use to recognize you and leave you messages on the wiki. You'll be able to sign your name just by typing four tildes (~~~~) when you leave someone else a message. Plus, you (and others) will easily be able to see a list of all your contributions to Wikipedia.

If you have any questions, see the help pages, ask at the Village pump, or feel free to ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome!  ε  γκυκλοπαίδεια  *  (talk)  22:24, 1 December 2005 (UTC)

Polyphasic sleep
Thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia. While the Wikipedia community appreciates your obvious efforts to increase the amount of information on the site, we'd like to point out our policy on Original Research and not citing sources for the information you provide. Wikipedia tries to bolster its reputation by linking to reputable outside sources for the information it gets. Thank you again, JHMM13 (T | C) 20:08, 16 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your comment, but please do so on my talk page in the future and not my main page. Although I can't agree with your point that more unverified material won't hurt the already OR-packed article, I think I'm just going to solve this for now with an tag. I don't know anything about the subject, so if you could verify some of those claims, it would be useful. If you would like to discuss the matter further, you can do so on the Polyphasic sleep talk page. Thanks, JHMM13 (T | C) 20:35, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

Blanking
Please do not replace Wikipedia pages or sections with blank content. It is considered vandalism. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. Aksi_great (talk - review me) 08:13, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Eugeroic
An editor has nominated Eugeroic, an article on which you have worked or that you created, for deletion. We appreciate your contributions, but the nominator doesn't believe that the article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in his/her nomination (see also "What Wikipedia is not").

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You may also edit the article during the discussion to improve it but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion debate. Thank you. BJBot (talk) 21:00, 4 March 2008 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of SuperMemo World
A tag has been placed on SuperMemo World requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about about a person, organization (band, club, company, etc.) or web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you.  Teapot  george Talk  21:25, 13 March 2009 (UTC)

Articles for deletion nomination of Alisha Davis
I have nominated Alisha Davis, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Alisha Davis. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message.  MBisanz  talk 04:02, 25 January 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of Tod Nielsen for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Tod Nielsen is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Tod Nielsen until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Clarityfiend (talk) 11:35, 17 April 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:194.24.244.5


text:
Charles Stewart (New Jersey politician)

Charles Stewart (1729 – June 24, 1800) was an officer during the American Revolutionary War and a Continental Congressman.

Early life
Charles Stewart was born in 1729 in Gortlea, County Donegal, Ireland to Robert Stewart, an Ulster Scots gentleman. His paternal grandfather, Charles Stewart, was an officer of dragoons and fought for William III of England at the Battle of the Boyne. Gortlea was given to his grandfather by William III for his war service. He emigrated to the United States in 1750 and pursued a career in agriculture. After 1763, he lived at Lansdown, his mansion in Landsdown, New Jersey.

Personal life
Stewart married Mary Oakley Johnston (d. 1771), daughter of Judge Samuel Johnston (1706–1785), who owned a large estate in Hunterdon County, New Jersey.

General Farrand Stewart Stranahan was his great-grandson. Another great-grandson was Charles Seaforth Stewart.

Career
Stewart was commissioned lieutenant colonel of militia in Hunterdon County, New Jersey on April 10, 1771, and commissioned colonel of a battalion of Minutemen on February 15, 1776. He served in four sessions of the Provincial Congress of New Jersey (1775–76).

After the outbreak of war, he was appointed commissary general of issues by the Continental Congress on June 18, 1777. Stewart later became a New Jersey delegate to the Second Continental Congress in 1784 and 1785.

Death
Stewart died June 24, 1800, at a farm he owned on Mt. Carmel (Coxe's Hill) in Flemington. He is interred at the Bethlehem United Presbyterian Church Cemetery in Grandin.

title: Charles Stewart (New Jersey politician)


text:
User talk:KuriosD

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Be Bold!

Sam [Spade] 08:05, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:KuriosD


text:
William Sessions

William Sessions may refer to:

 * William S. Sessions (1930–2020), American attorney, jurist and director of the FBI
 * William K. Sessions III (born 1947), American judge
 * William A. Sessions (1928–2016), American author, biographer and professor of English

title: William Sessions


text:
William Sharpe

William Sharpe may refer to:

 * William Sharpe (burgess), served in the Virginia House of Burgesses, 1629
 * William Sharpe (governor) (fl. 1710), governor of Barbados
 * William Sharpe (North Carolina politician) (1742–1818), delegate to the Continental Congress from North Carolina
 * William Edward Thompson Sharpe (1834–1909), British politician
 * William Henry Sharpe (1868–1942), merchant and political figure in Manitoba, Canada
 * William Percy Sharpe (1871–1942), American Democratic politician serving as mayor of Nashville
 * William Sharpe (surgeon) (c. 1882–1960), American brain surgeon who developed treatment for retardation and palsy in children
 * William Sharpe (Alberta politician) (1887–1964), provincial politician from Alberta, Canada
 * William Sharpe (footballer) (fl. 1890), English footballer
 * William C. Sharpe, American cultural historian
 * William R. Sharpe Jr. (1928–2009), member of the West Virginia Senate
 * William F. Sharpe (born 1934), Nobel Prize-winning American economist
 * William Frederick Nelson Sharpe (1892–1915), Canadian aviation pioneer, first Canadian pilot to die in World War I

Others

 * Bill Sharpe (athlete) (born 1932), American triple jumper
 * Bill Sharpe (WCSC-TV) (born 1951), news anchor for Charleston, South Carolina's CBS station WCSC-TV
 * Bill Sharpe (musician) (born 1952), keyboardist of Shakatak
 * Bill Sharpe (bassist), American bass guitarist, cooperated with Dave Koz on Memories of a Winter's Night

title: William Sharpe


text:
James Lawrence

James Lawrence (October 1, 1781 – June 4, 1813) was an officer of the United States Navy. During the War of 1812, he commanded USS Chesapeake (1799) in a single-ship action against HMS Shannon (1806), commanded by Philip Broke. He is probably best known today for his last words, "Don't give up the ship!", uttered during the capture of the Chesapeake. The quotation is still a popular naval battle cry, and was invoked in Oliver Hazard Perry's personal battle flag, adopted to commemorate his dead friend.

Biography
Lawrence was born on October 1, 1781, the son of John and Martha (Tallman) Lawrence, in Burlington, New Jersey, but raised in Woodbury. His mother died when he was an infant, and his Loyalist father fled to Canada during the American Revolution, leaving his half-sister to care for the young Lawrence. He attended Woodbury Academy. Though Lawrence studied law, he entered the United States Navy as a midshipman in 1798. Lawrence hailed from a New England family of English descent, as his first ancestor to the American Colonies was William Lawrence, sailing from Hertfordshire, England.

During the Quasi-War with France, he served on USS Ganges (1794) and the frigate USS Adams (1799) in the Caribbean. He was commissioned a lieutenant on April 6, 1802, and served aboard USS Enterprise (1799) in the Mediterranean, taking part in a successful attack on enemy craft on June 2, 1803.

In February 1804, he was second in command during the expedition to destroy the captured frigate USS Philadelphia (1799). Later in the conflict he commanded Enterprise and a gunboat in battles with the Tripolitans. He was also First Lieutenant of the frigate Adams and, in 1805, commanded the small Gunboat No. 6 during a voyage across the Atlantic to North Africa.

Although Gunboats No. 2 through 10 (minus No. 7) arrived in the Mediterranean too late to see action, they remained there with Commodore Rodgers's squadron until summer 1806, at which time they sailed back to the United States. On June 12, 1805, Gunboat No. 6 encountered a Royal Navy vessel that impressed three seamen.

Subsequently, Lieutenant Lawrence commanded the warships USS Vixen (1803), USS Wasp (1807) and USS Argus (1803). In 1810, he also took part in trials of an experimental spar torpedo. Promoted to the rank of Master Commandant in November 1810, he took command of the sloop of war USS Hornet (1805 brig) a year later and sailed her to Europe on a diplomatic mission. From the beginning of the War of 1812, Lawrence and Hornet cruised actively, capturing the privateer Dolphin in July 1812. Later in the year Hornet blockaded the British sloop HMS Bonne Citoyenne at Bahia, Brazil, and on February 24, 1813 captured HMS Peacock (1806).

Upon his return to the United States in March, Lawrence learned of his promotion to captain. Two months later he took command of the frigate Chesapeake, then preparing for sea at Boston. He left port on June 1, 1813, and immediately engaged the blockading Royal Navy frigate Shannon in a fierce battle. Although slightly smaller, the British ship disabled Chesapeake with gunfire within the first few minutes. Captain Lawrence, mortally wounded by small arms fire, ordered his officers, "Don't give up the ship. Fight her till she sinks." or "Tell the men to fire faster! Don't give up the ship." Men carried him below, and his crew was overwhelmed by a British boarding party shortly afterward. James Lawrence died of his wounds on June 4, 1813, while his captors directed Chesapeake to Halifax, Nova Scotia.

After Lawrence's death was reported to his friend and fellow officer Oliver Hazard Perry, he ordered a large blue battle ensign, stitched with the phrase "DONT GIVE UP THE SHIP" [sic] in bold white letters. The Perry Flag was displayed on his flagship during a victorious engagement against the British on Lake Erie in September 1813. The original flag is displayed in the Naval Academy Museum and a replica is displayed in Memorial Hall at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. A replica is also on view at Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial, on South Bass Island, Ohio.

Lawrence was buried with military honors at present-day CFB Halifax, Nova Scotia, but reinterred at Trinity Church Cemetery in New York City. He was survived by his wife, Julia (Montaudevert) Lawrence, who lived until 1865, and their two-year-old daughter, Mary Neill Lawrence. In 1838 Mary married a Navy officer, Lt. William Preston Griffin.

On July 4, 1813, Lawrence was posthumously elected to membership in the New York Society of the Cincinnati.

Namesakes and honors
He was honored with a Congressional Gold Medal and the Thanks of Congress.

Many places are named for Captain Lawrence, including:
 * Lawrence, Indiana
 * Lawrence County, Alabama
 * Lawrence County, Arkansas
 * Lawrence County, Illinois
 * Lawrence County, Indiana
 * Lawrence County, Kentucky
 * Lawrence County, Missouri
 * Lawrence County, Mississippi
 * Lawrence County, Ohio
 * Lawrence County, Pennsylvania (Indirectly, as this county is named in honor of the sacrifices of the USS Lawrence (1813), a namesake of Captain Lawrence.)
 * Lawrence County, Tennessee
 * Lawrence Park Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania
 * Lawrenceburg, Kentucky
 * Lawrenceburg, Tennessee
 * Lawrenceville, Georgia
 * Lawrenceville, Illinois
 * Lawrenceville, New Jersey, Also home to the prestigious Lawrenceville School
 * Lawrenceville, a neighborhood of Pittsburgh PA.
 * Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania, a borough in Tioga County.
 * Lawrence Township, Marion County, Indiana and the municipality of Lawrence, Indiana contained therein.
 * Lawrence Township, Mercer County, New Jersey and its Lawrenceville neighborhood.
 * Captain Lawrence Drive in South Salem, NY, from which the Captain Lawrence Brewing Company of nearby Pleasantville takes its name.
 * Lawrence Street in Montgomery, Alabama is named in honor of Lawrence. It runs parallel to streets named after other Barbary War/War of 1812 naval heroes: McDonough Street, named for Thomas Macdonough; Perry Street, named for Oliver Hazard Perry; Decatur Street, named for Stephen Decatur; Hull Street, named for Isaac Hull and Bainbridge Street, named in honor of William Bainbridge.
 * Lawrence Avenue in Norman, Oklahoma is named in honor of Lawrence.

His birthplace of Burlington, New Jersey, has a Captain James Lawrence Elementary School.

In addition, the U.S. Navy has named five ships USS Lawrence.
 * The first USS Lawrence (1813) was a brig which acted as then-Master Commandant Oliver Hazard Perry's flagship during the Battle of Lake Erie until she was destroyed in that action.
 * The second USS Lawrence (1843) was also a brig, serving from 1843–1846.
 * The third USS Lawrence (DD-8) was a 400-ton destroyer, commissioned in 1903 and serving until 1920.
 * The fourth USS Lawrence (DD-250) was a Clemson-class destroyer, serving from 1921 to 1945
 * The fifth USS Lawrence (DDG-4) was a Charles F. Adams-class destroyer. Commissioned in 1962, she served until 1994. This ship was christened by Mrs. Dorothy Redmond Hubbard, Capt. Lawrence's great-great-grand-daughter, who at the time was his oldest living descendant.

title: James Lawrence