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U.S. Route 74

U.S. Route 74 (US 74) is an east–west United States highway that runs for 515 mi from Chattanooga, Tennessee to Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina. Primarily in North Carolina, it serves as an important highway from the mountains to the sea, connecting the cities of Asheville, Charlotte and Wilmington. It is known as Andrew Jackson Highway throughout most of North Carolina.

Route description

 * TN
 * 63.0
 * 101.4
 * NC
 * 451.8
 * 727.1
 * Total
 * 514.8
 * 828.5
 * }
 * 514.8
 * 828.5
 * }

Tennessee
US 74 was designated in 1927. The 63 mi route travels from the I-24/I-75 interchange, in Chattanooga, northeast to Cleveland, where it then continues east, along with US 64, to the North Carolina state line. The highway is predominantly freeway or expressway grade four-lane, except between Ocoee and Ducktown, where it is a curvy two-lane mountain highway along the Ocoee River known as the Ocoee Scenic Byway.

TDOT's signage for US 74 is poor. Most highways that cross it will typically only list I-75 or US 64 instead; I-75 completely ignores US 74 along its route, even ignoring it at their intersection, showing instead the US 64 Bypass.

North Carolina
From the Tennessee state line, US 74 traverses across the southern portion of the state, connecting the major cities Asheville, Charlotte, and Wilmington, for a total of 451.8 mi. In western North Carolina, US 74 enters the state with a concurrency with US 64. Routed along on pre-existing highways in the region, specifically the: Appalachian Highway (at-grade expressway, except in the Nantahala Gorge) and the Great Smoky Mountains Expressway (controlled-access freeway, which is broken in three sections along the route); it shares a revolving door of concurrency changes with US 19, US 129, US 441 and US 23. The alternating named highway (depending on grade of road) is considered the commercial back-bone and main truck route of Western North Carolina, connecting the cities of Murphy, Andrews, Bryson City, Cherokee, Sylva, and Waynesville. In or around October, the fall colors create an influx of more tourists in the region. In the winter months, the highway is the first to be salted and plowed; however, both the Nantahala Gorge and Balsam Gap tend to get the most snow and/or ice in the region and should be traveled with care.

North of Clyde, US 74 merges with Interstate 40 and goes east, in concurrency, to Asheville. From there, it then goes southeast, in concurrency with Interstate 26 till Columbus, where it separates and continues east along a mostly controlled-access highway, except in Shelby, to Interstate 85, in Kings Mountain.

After crossing a unique weave intersection with Interstate 85, it joins with US 29 and travels through downtown Gastonia along Franklin Boulevard. East of Gastonia, it becomes Wilkinson Boulevard as it go through McAdenville, Cramerton and Belmont. After crossing the Lake Wylie/Catawba River, via Sloans Ferry Bridge, it enters Charlotte, with connections with Interstate 485 and Interstate 85/Charlotte Douglas International Airport, via Little Rock Road. At Morehead Street, west of Center City, it splits with US 29 for Interstate 277 along the John Belk Freeway. East of Center City, it goes solo again along Independence Freeway/Boulevard to Matthews, where it connects again with Interstate 485.

After leaving the Charlotte city limits, the route turns southeast as it goes through Stallings, Indian Trail and Monroe, where it briefly overlaps with US 601, before continuing east again through Wingate, Marshville, Peachland, Polkton, Wadesboro and Lilesville. On this stretch, prior to 2018, signage for the route was very poor, only being found at a few locations along the route. As part of the US 74 Monroe Bypass project, signage along the route was improved by the NCDOT.

Crossing the Pee Dee River and into the Sandhills region, US 74 meets up with Future Interstates I-73/I-74, in Rockingham. After a future interchange near NC 38 that will end its overlap with Interstate 73, US 74/Future I-74 continues southeast, bypassing Laurinburg and Maxton. East of Maxton and through Lumberton, the highway is officially US 74/Interstate 74, before dropping back to Future I-74 west of Boardman; the concurrency with Future I-74 ends at Bolton, where a future interchange will split from US 74 to continue south towards South Carolina. This is one of only two instances (along with I-41 in Wisconsin) of similarly numbered U.S. and Interstate routes being designated on the same road.

Near Chadbourn, US 74 overlaps with US 76, which continue mostly together till Wrightsville Beach, where US 74 dead-ends north and US 76 dead-ends south. Eastbound after the overlap with US 76, US 74 continues on Salisbury Street through some residential areas and businesses before coming to a traffic light separating Salisbury Street and Lumina Avenue. Drivers are directed to take a left on to North Lumina Avenue to continue on US 74 while South Lumina Avenue connects to Jack Parker Boulevard, which leads to US 76. Approximately 1.7 mi on North Lumina, US 74 reaches its eastern terminus at a dead end circle with an entrance to the local Shell Island Resort hotel.

The highway connects the cities and towns of Whiteville, Lake Waccamaw, and Wilmington. The road through the Cape Fear region is flat, surrounded by parts of the Green Swamp.

ADHS corridors
US 74 overlaps with two corridors that are part of the Appalachian Development Highway System (ADHS), which is part of Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC). Passed in 1965, the purpose of ADHS is to generate economic development in previously isolated areas, supplement the interstate system, connect Appalachia to the interstate system, and provide access to areas within the Region as well as to markets in the rest of the nation.

 * Corridor A – From I-285, in Sandy Springs, Georgia to I-40, near Clyde, North Carolina. US 74 overlap from US 23, in Dillsboro, to I-40, near Clyde; it is also completed with divided four-lane limited-access and controlled-access sections.  This corridor is signed as "Appalachian Highway," in white text on blue background.
 * Corridor K – From I-75, in Cleveland, Tennessee, to US 23, in Dillsboro, North Carolina. The entire 127.7 mi section of US 74 is authorized for ADHS funding.  The majority of the route is a four-lane limited-access road, with a section that is controlled-access between Bryson City and Cherokee.  Current two-lane sections that are impending improvements are: Ocoee River to Ducktown and the Nantahala Gorge.  In North Carolina, this corridor is signed as "Appalachian Highway," in white text on blue background.

Scenic byways
The Ocoee Scenic Byway is a 26 mi National Forest Scenic Byway that traverses through the Cherokee National Forest, in East Tennessee. 19 miles of the Byway are concurrent with US 74 (in addition to U.S. Route 64). Features include the Ocoee Whitewater Center and scenic bluffs along Ocoee River and Gorge.

Nantahala Byway is a 43 mi byway from Marble to Whittier; it is known for its scenic views of the Nantahala Gorge, The Great Smoky Mountains Railroad, and whitewater rafting on the Nantahala River. US 74 overlaps 38 mi of the byway from Marble to Bryson City. The byway also overlaps with US 19 and US 129.

Dedicated and memorial names
US 74 features several dedicated bridges and stretches of highway throughout its route.

 * American Indian Highway – this name was authored by Tuscarora Indian Robert M. Chavis, he launched a campaign to obtain support from all the city councils and the Robeson county Commissioners, they all signed onto the partition Mr. Chavis sent to the NCDOT and it was approved by the state DOT,   official North Carolina name of the 19 mi section of US 74/I-74 in Robeson County (mile marker 191–213). It is named to honor the large American Indian population in Robeson County (approved: November 8, 2001).
 * Andrew Jackson Highway – Official North Carolina name of US 74 throughout the state, except in Robeson County (it is still named along the old sections of US 74 now called US 74 Business and Alternate). It was established to honor of the seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson (approved: April 4, 1963). Signage is found primarily east of Charlotte, overlapping other official North Carolina dedicated sections.
 * C. Heide Trask Bridge – Official North Carolina name of bridge over the Inland Waterway, in Wrightsville Beach (approved: June 9, 1958).
 * Cameron Morrison Bridge – Was an official North Carolina name of the first bridge and later westbound US 74 bridge, over the Pee Dee River. It was named in honor of Governor Morrison, who was a Richmond County native.  The bridge, built in 1925, was dedicated to Morrison originally at an unknown date; in 1983, after the bridge was reconstructed to modern standards, it was rededicated to R.W. Goodman.
 * Dean Arledge Memorial Highway – Official North Carolina name of US 74 between I-26 and NC 9, in Polk County (approved: March 3, 2000).
 * G R Kindley Freeway – Official North Carolina name of US 74/I-74 along the Rockingham-Hamlet bypass. It is named in honor of the former mayor of Rockingham (approved: September 8, 2000).
 * Herman H. West Bridge – Official North Carolina name of bridge over the Valley River, in Cherokee County. It was dedicated in honor of the former state Senator and Representative (approved: September 8, 2000).
 * Hezekiah Pridgen Sr. Bridge – Official North Carolina name of bridge over US 701, in Columbus County (approved: August 4, 1995).
 * James Archibald Hardison Bridge – Official North Carolina name of the eastbound US 74 bridge, over the Pee Dee River. It is named in honor of the former Highway Commissioner and member of the Highway Commission under three governors, from 1933 to 1937 and 1953-1961 (approved: December 30, 1958).
 * J. Ollie Harris Highway – Official North Carolina name of US 74 Bypass at Kings Mountain (approved: October 3, 1997).
 * James Arthur Callahan Freeway – Official North Carolina name of a 2.7 mi section of US 74/I-26 in Rutherford County (approved: May 10, 1992).
 * John Belk Freeway – Official North Carolina name of US 74/I-277, from I-77/US 21 to Independence Boulevard, in Uptown Charlotte. It is named in honor of John M. Belk, who was mayor of Charlotte from 1969 to 1977 (approved: September 11, 1981).
 * R.W. Goodman Bridge – Official North Carolina name of the westbound US 74 bridge, over the Pee Dee River. It is named in honor of the former Richmond County sheriff R. W. Goodman (approved: March 11, 1983).
 * Senator Jesse Helms Freeway – Official North Carolina name of US 74 between US 601 to the Anson-Union County line (approved: January 8, 1993). Named in honor of the late five-term U.S. senator who was born in Union County in 1921.
 * Solon David Smart Memorial Highway – Official North Carolina name of highway from NC 120 to US 221A, in Rutherford County (approved: December 1, 2000).
 * W Cliff Martin Highway – Official North Carolina name of US 74 from Union County line to Wadesboro, in Anson County (approved: May 2, 1997).

History
Established as an original U.S. Route in late 1926, US 74 traversed from Asheville to Chadbourn, in North Carolina. It was extended eastward in late 1934 to Wilmington, replacing an old alignment of US 17.

In 1936, US 74 was extended eastward again from Wilmington, via Market Street, to Wrightsville Beach, then going north on Lumina Avenue to its current eastern terminus. US 74 also spawned two alternate routes the same year, the first and shortest (0.14 mi) in Leland, and a second in Shelby; which eventually replaced all of US 74 through the downtown area by 1949 (later renamed US 74 Business in 1960).

In 1937, US 74 was rerouted through Kings Mountain, replacing part of NC 7. Its old alignment became an alternate route, but was replaced a year later by both NC 161 and NC 274.

By 1949, US 74 was on its first bypass around Rutherfordton, via Ruth; its former route becoming an alternate route (later renamed US 74 Business in 1960). In 1952, the first Monroe Bypass was completed, leaving a short-lived alternate route going through the downtown area. By 1953, the first bypass around Rockingham was completed, leaving a short lived alternate route through the downtown area.

In 1970, US 74 was placed on new freeway alignment bypassing Spindale, Forest City, Ellenboro, and Mooresboro; the old route was replaced by an extension of US 74 Business. In 1973, US 74 was realigned onto new road south of Lumberton. In 1975, US 74/US 76 was rerouted onto new freeway bypass south of Leland and then east of Belville, its old alignment becoming secondary roads. In 1976, US 74/US 76 was bypassed north of Chadbourn and Whiteville, leaving behind US 74 Bus./US 76 Bus.

In 1984, Maxton was bypassed, replaced by an extension of US 74 Bus. In 1985, US 74 was rerouted north of Kings Mountain onto new freeway bypass; its old alignment becoming US 74 Bus.  In 1986, Hallsboro and Lake Waccamaw were bypassed; its old alignment replaced by NC 214.

Also in 1986, US 74 was extended west, from Asheville to Chattanooga, Tennessee. The routing extension started at its former western terminus with US 70, going northerly, in concurrency with US 70, to I-240, where it overlapped briefly before joining US 19/US 23. From Asheville, in concurrency with US 19/US 23, it went through Canton and Lake Junaluska. From Lake Junaluska, in concurrency with US 23, it went through Waynesville. Near Dillsboro it switches US 23 for US 441 and continues till it splits north within the Qualla Boundary. West of Bryson City, it overlaps with NC 28. In Topton, it joins with US 129 and continues southwesterly till at Murphy, where it joins with US 64 and separates from US 19/US 129. Heading west, in concurrency with US 64, it enters Tennessee; traversing through Ducktown, it reaches Cleveland, where it then follows the US 64 Bypass to I-75. Continuing southeasterly, as a hidden concurrency with I-75, it connects with Chattanooga, ending at its new terminus at I-24.

In 1988, US 74 was extended 1.46 mi east to its current eastern terminus in Wrightsville Beach. In 1990, US 74 was rerouted onto I-277 (John Belk Freeway), this left a section of Independence Boulevard that was still overlapped with NC 27. In 1992–1993, Bolton was bypassed to the north, with its old alignment becoming an extension of NC 214.

In 1994, US 74 was rerouted onto I-40 for 1.58 mi, in Asheville, and then onto I-26, from Asheville to Columbus. East of Columbus, it traverses along new freeway to Forest City, where it meets back with its old alignment. The former routing between Asheville and Forest City becomes US 74A. In 1996, US 74 was rerouted through Wilmington. In late 1997, US 74 was rerouted onto I-40, between Clyde and Asheville.

In 2002, US 74 was placed on its second bypass around both Rockingham and Hamlet, its old alignment becoming US 74 Business. In 2005, US 74 was rerouted north of downtown Wilmington. In 2007, US 74 was placed on new freeway, in concurrency with I-74 from Maxton to just east of I-95; its old alignment becoming US 74 Alternate.

In 2018, US 74's new toll bypass around Monroe was completed.

Independence Boulevard
Independence Boulevard and Independence Expressway are two major interconnected roads in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina that carry US 74. Originally constructed in the 1940s and early 1950s, Independence Boulevard was the city of Charlotte's first expressway. The road has undergone numerous realignments, extensions, upgrades, truncations, and renamings since the mid-20th century.

Ben Douglas, former mayor of Charlotte and member of the North Carolina State Highway Commission, helped lead the push for the urban highway project in the 1940s that would become Independence Boulevard. In 1946, Charlotte voters passed a referendum in favor of a $200,000 bond issue to fund the project; this was coupled with over $2 million in federal funding. The expressway was to be named after Independence Park that was largely demolished to make way for the road; the name suggestion was coined by City Clerk Lillian Hoffman on May 4, 1949, after a previous suggestion naming it after the current mayor, Herbert Baxter, was rejected. Construction commenced in the late 1940s and the new expressway which traversed east–west along the southern part of the city opened in two parts; the first opened to traffic in 1949 and the other opened in 1950. US 74 and NC 27 were subsequently shifted from their central business district alignments to the new expressway.

Major changes to Independence Boulevard occurred in the 1980s. A portion of West Independence Boulevard was converted from expressway to limited-access freeway and made a part of the John Belk Freeway and Interstate 277. The portion west of Interstate 77 was renamed Wilkinson Boulevard. A new intersection with I-277 (which would also connect to the Brookshire Freeway that was upgraded as part of the I-277 project) was constructed and the connecting freeway along with the updated portion of East Independence Boulevard was given the name Independence Freeway; US 74 was shifted to this new alignment. After the massive transportation revamp, a few disconnected segments of the original Independence Boulevard remained. These segments were later reorganized and given the names Carson Boulevard, Stonewall Street, and South Independence Boulevard; the latter was downgraded to a surface street and renamed Charlottetown Avenue in 2007 to prevent confusion with the unconnected East Independence Boulevard. In 2021, Stonewall Street was renamed to Brooklyn Village Avenue to honor a Charlotte neighborhood that had been demolished for expansion of the Uptown area.

The freeway and bus lanes of Independence Freeway were extended to Albemarle Road in 2005. The limited-access road extension has caused numerous businesses along the corridor to leave the area and vacate their commercial real estate, resulting in brownfield land.

"American Indian Highway" controversy
In Robeson County, the highway is designated "American Indian Highway," a name that was the brain child of Robert M. Chavis, the Wolfclan chief of the NC Tuscarora; Cherokee Indians of Robeson County, and Nottoway Nation, who authored the name in the late 1990s. American Indian people of Robeson County, NC had attempted to remove Andrew Jackson's name from the highway for some sixty years. Knowing that the new US 74 was to come, Chavis started a campaign to change the name to American Indian Highway. Chavis did this in honor of all the Indian people that had lost their lives along the Trail of Tears during the Indian Removal Act of the 1830s authored by Andrew Jackson. Chavis was cited in many newspapers across North Carolina stating that the name should be changed, because that name on this section of road was tantamount to having a major road named Adolf Hitler that ran across a Jewish state or county. Chavis, with the help of the Tuscarora East of the Mountains, obtained the information on how to attempt the name change from Rep. Ronnie Sutton and the NCDOT. Then Chavis presented the reasons for the name change to all the cities of Robeson County and the Robeson County Commissioners. Once he obtained support from these entities, he presented the proposal to the NCDOT. Rep. Sutton supported the name change at the state level and the name change was approved by the NCDOT. The new signs of American Indian Highway were placed on the new sections of I-74 once the highway construction was completed.

Western North Carolina
In Graham County, NCDOT has proposed to relocate US 74 onto a new divided four-lane highway from Robbinsville to Stecoah. This new routing will feature controlled at-grade intersections, viaduct and tunnel (at Stecoah Gap). At a cost of $383 million, right-of-way acquisition is scheduled to begin in 2014 and construction to begin in 2016; however, this is subject to reprioritization. The project is part of an overall project to bypass the current routing through the Nantahala Gorge, where bottlenecks are common along the two-lane highway through protected valley area within the Nantahala National Forest. The overall project, from Andrews to Almond, would complete a four-lane expressway from Cherokee County to Asheville.

The portion of US 74 that is concurrent with I-40 near Asheville and I-26 south of Asheville is being improved as part of the Asheville I-26 Connector project and the widening project of I-26 between Hendersonville and Asheville.

Future interstate corridor (Columbus to Kings Mountain, North Carolina)
On April 10, 2023, a bill was introduced to further upgrade the entire stretch of US 74 from I-26 in Columbus, and I-85 in Kings Mountain to interstate highway standards. Most of the corridor is already a freeway with the exception of sections in Mooresboro and Shelby in Cleveland County. Currently, a 18.5 mi controlled-access highway is being constructed under the designation of US 74 Bypass to bypass Shelby to the north. When completed, it will improve vehicle capacity along the US 74 corridor, reduce future traffic congestion, increase safety and improve roadway continuity between I-26 and I-85. Being built in six sections, the cost is estimated at $295.9 million and has been fully funded. Construction first began on Section AA in July 2013 and was completed in September 2016. The next two sections (AB and B) being started in July 2014 and ending in April 2018; an additional paving project for Section AB (listed as Section F) was completed in 2020 as well. Construction on Section C began in 2017 and is expected to be completed by June 2024. The final design as well as right-of-way purchase for sections D and E are underway and construction of these final sections is expected to begin by the end of 2023 and be completed by 2029.

In Mooresboro, there are plans to convert the last remaining at-grade intersections (US 74 Business/Lattimore Road/Academy Street) into an interchange, as well as improving the bridges over Sandy Run Creek. When the interchange and the rest of the Shelby Bypass are completed, US 74 will become a full freeway between I-26 in Asheville and I-85 in Kings Mountain. The project had been in the State Transportation Improvement Program since 2000, but activities on it were limited until funding was secured in 2018. Public input from the community on these improvements, which gave four alternatives construction plans (1, 1A, 2, and 2A) as well as three options for service roads, was requested from late August to early September 2022. In December 2022, NCDOT announced the findings from the responses given and later stated that they had chosen Alternative 1A. This alternative will transform the US 74 Business/Lattimore Road/Academy Street intersection with a parclo interchange that will include a roundabout on the ramps to and from eastbound lanes. Service road plans were not announced, but public feedback showed almost unanimous support for option 3. Right-of-way acquisition and construction began in 2023.

Charlotte and Wadesboro
The Independence Widening project, in Mecklenburg County, is to enhance and improve traffic flow and safety along US 74 in east Charlotte, by converting the corridor into an expressway grade highway from Center City to Matthews. Construction on three new interchanges at Sharon-Amity Road, Idlewild Road and Conference Drive were completed by October 15, 2016, at a cost of $101.2 million. NCDOT is now planning to add two-way grade-separated express lanes to this segment along with converting it to an expressway with additional interchanges as well. Partial funding for part of the project was provided in the NCDOT's 2024-2033 State Transportation Improvement Program and right-of-way acquisition is scheduled to start in 2024; construction will begin in 2028.

In Union and Anson counties, the US 74 freeway upgrade and Wadesboro Bypass is an estimated $741 million project. Plans include linking with the Monroe Expressway with the Rockingham Bypass with upgrading to existing facilities to freeway standards and bypass the cities of both Marshville (to the south) and Wadesboro (to the north). The Wadesboro Bypass project remains only partially funded, but it was included in the NCDOT's 2024-2033 State Transportation Improvement Program. Feedback from Anson County residents was requested from late-November–December 2023. Currently, the right of way for the project is tentatively scheduled for summer of 2028, with construction on the bypass beginning summer of 2030.

Interstate 74 upgrades (Rockingham to Bolton, North Carolina)
The US 74 corridor from Rockingham to Bolton is being upgraded to interstate standards as part of the I-74 extension. Currently, the only segment that has been completed and been officially signed as I-74 is between Maxton and Lumberton. This segment has an interchange with I-95, which meant that it could be signed as an interstate since it connected to the interstate highway system. The other portions of the route are in various stages of planning.

title: U.S. Route 74


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John Dufresne

John Dufresne (born January 30, 1948) is an American author of French Canadian descent born in Worcester, Massachusetts. He graduated from Worcester State College in 1970 and the University of Arkansas in 1984. He is a professor in the Master of Fine Arts Creative Writing program of the English Department at Florida International University. In 2012, he won a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship for his work.

Books
Dufresne's first novel, Louisiana Power and Light (1994), was named as one of New York Times ' notable books of the year, as was his second novel, Love Warps the Mind a Little (1997).

Dufresne's third novel, Deep in the Shade of Paradise (2002), was a Book Sense Top Ten of the Year selection. It contains some of the same characters in Louisiana Power and Light, although in an interview with writer Max Ruback, which appeared in the Winter 2001 issue of the literary magazine Turnrow, Dufresne has said that he does not consider Deep in the Shade of Paradise to be a sequel. Both of these novels, however, developed from a long short story in Dufresne's first collection, The Way that Water Enters Stone (1991).

Dufresne published a second short story collection, Johnny Too Bad, in 2005. The title story of the book had previously been chosen for compilation in New Stories from the South: The Year's Best, 2003. In 2003, he also published The Lie That Tells a Truth: A Guide to Writing Fiction.

Dufresne published a fourth novel, Requiem, Mass., in 2008.

All of his books were published originally by W. W. Norton, which kept them in print except for his first book of short stories, The Way that Water Enters Stone. Plume, an imprint of Dutton-Signet, a division of Penguin Books, republished The Way that Water Enters Stone as a trade paperback in 1997, but would later be out of print. Plume has also published still-in-print trade paperback editions of Louisiana Power and Light (in 1995), Love Warps the Mind A Little (in 1998) and Deep in the Shade of Paradise (in 2003).

In 1998, Dufresne collaborated with Carl Hiaasen, Dave Barry, Elmore Leonard and nine other South Florida writers on Naked Came the Manatee, a detective novel published by Ballantine Books, a division of Random House.

Dufresne's short story "This is the Age of Beautiful Death" appears in the online journal Blackbird. His essay "To Knit a Knot, Or Knot: A Beginner's Yarn" appears in the anthology Knitting Yarns: Writers on Knitting, published by W. W. Norton & Company in November 2013.

Plays and screenplays
Dufresne's screenplay Freezer Jesus, based on another story in his first short story collection, won in the Grand Valley State University Summer Film Project's 2002 screenwriting contest and was produced that year by the project. The cinematographer, Jack Anderson, has a long list of Hollywood credits. After being selected for several other festivals, it was featured at Saugatuck, Michigan's 2006 Waterfront Film Festival.

Dufresne's play, Trailerville, premiered at the Off-off-Broadway Blue Heron Theatre in 2005.

In the summer of 2007, Grand Valley State University produced the film To Live and Die In Dixie, with a screenplay by Dufresne. Jack Anderson was again hired as cinematographer, with Harper Philbin as director. The film was released in 2008.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: John Dufresne


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KNWN (AM)

KNWN (1000 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Seattle, Washington, and serving the Seattle metropolitan area. Owned by Lotus Communications, the station primarily airs an all-news radio format. It is the local affiliate for ABC News Radio and identifies itself as "Northwest News Radio".

KNWN is a clear-channel Class A station, broadcasting with 50,000 watts, the maximum power for American AM stations. It is non-directional by day but uses a directional antenna at night to avoid interfering with WMVP in Chicago and XEOY in Mexico City, the two other Class A stations on 1000 AM. Under favorable conditions, KNWN can be heard in the daytime from Vancouver, British Columbia, to Portland, Oregon. At night it can be heard across much of Western North America. The station's studios and offices are co-located with former sister station KOMO-TV within KOMO Plaza (formerly Fisher Plaza) in the Lower Queen Anne section of Seattle, directly across the street from the Space Needle. The transmitter is on Vashon Island, off SW 159th Street.

While KNWN primarily runs an all-news format, in the early morning on weekdays it carries two syndicated news programs from Westwood One: First Light and America in the Morning. Some midday hours feature longer-form interviews and call-ins. On weekends, some hours include shows on money, health and wine, as well as some paid brokered programming.

KNWN's programming is simulcast full-time on 97.7 MHz KNWN-FM, licensed to Oakville, Washington, as well as on several FM translator stations.

Early years
In July 1926, KNWN was founded on Harbor Island, as KGFA at 980 kHz, by two owners: Birt F. Fisher, whose lease on Seattle radio station KTCL was about to run out, and the Fisher brothers of Fisher Flouring Mills, who had been on the island since 1911. (The Fisher Brothers and Birt Fisher were not related.) In preparation for the switch to the new station, Birt Fisher changed KTCL's call sign to KOMO. In December, his lease ended, and he took the call letters with him to KGFA. KOMO's first broadcast on 980 was December 31, 1926. The studios moved to Downtown Seattle in 1927. The station also began a long-running affiliation with NBC Radio that year as well, primarily with the Red Network, but also with the short-lived West Coast NBC Orange Network from 1931 to 1933. Over the following years, KOMO's frequency would go from 980 to 1080, back to 980, down to 920, up to 970, then back to 920, and settled at 950 after the NARBA frequency shakeup in 1941.

1944 call letter swap between KJR and KOMO
Fisher's Blend Station bought NBC Blue Network affiliate KJR from NBC in 1941. However, the August 1941 adoption of the Federal Communications Commission's "duopoly" rule restricted licensees from operating more than one radio station in a given market, and an attempt by the Fisher family to be granted an exemption was unsuccessful. The Fishers decided to keep the superior frequency of 1000 kHz, but also keep the KOMO call letters that they had held since the 1920s. Thus, on May 6, 1944, KOMO and KJR swapped call letters, with the KOMO call sign moving from 950 kHz to the more desirable 1000 kHz. The next year KJR was sold to Birt F. Fisher, who was, as aforementioned, unrelated to the KOMO owners.

At its new frequency, KOMO began broadcasting with 50,000 watts of power from its current transmitter site on Vashon Island in 1948. New studios at the corner of Fourth and Denny, near what is now the Seattle Center, were dedicated in February 1948 and included space for an expansion into television broadcasting. The cost of the new facility exceeded $1 million.

In 1953, KOMO-TV first signed on the air on Channel 4 as an affiliate of the NBC television network. Channel 4 swapped affiliations with KING-TV in 1958 and joined the ABC television network. KOMO radio followed suit by switching to the ABC radio network the next year.

Full service formats
Through the 1940s and 1950s, KOMO carried network dramas, comedies, game shows, soap operas and big band broadcasts, during the Golden Age of Radio. By 1964, old-line network programming had been phased out and KOMO carried a MOR music format. Long-time morning drive personality Larry Nelson began in 1967. By 1971, KOMO went towards an adult contemporary music format. From 1967 to 1978, KOMO was the original flagship station of the Seattle SuperSonics of the National Basketball Association with Bob Blackburn on play-by-play. Norm Gregory, formerly of KJR and KZOK-FM, joined the staff as an afternoon disk jockey in 1984. KOMO carried a full-service schedule of adult contemporary music, personality, news, talk, and Washington Huskies sports well into the early 1990s. It played more music than most full-service AM radio stations throughout the 1980s and into the early 1990s. Until 1993, the station was playing music in all dayparts, with local newscasts every hour. In the fall of 1993, evening talk programming was added. Dayparts gradually changed from music to talk and by the spring of 1996, the conversion to news-talk was complete.

In January 1981, former FM rock Programmer Ken Kohl joined KOMO. When Kohl arrived, the station's ratings were in the middle of the pack. After building the station's news commitment and implementing KOMO's first major marketing effort, Kohl and his KOMO team inched to within a tenth of a point of market leader KIRO. In January 1987, Kohl departed Seattle for KFI in Los Angeles. For the next several years, KOMO unsuccessfully attempted to directly compete with market leader KIRO. Following an outcry from loyal fans following his firing at KIRO-FM ("The Buzz 100.7") in 1999, local comedian Pat Cashman took over as KOMO's morning drive host, with Dr. Laura added for middays.

All-news format, change to KNWN
In late 2002, Fisher Communications announced a six-year contract for Seattle Mariners play-by-play rumored to be worth at least $10 million annually, a record for any Major League Baseball radio broadcast agreement, which started in the 2003 season. After the agreement expired in 2008, Mariners broadcasts returned to KIRO.

Concurrent with the acquisition of the Mariners broadcast rights, KOMO dropped its talk shows and became an all-news station with reports from an enlarged radio news staff and material from KOMO-TV newscasts. Some notable anchors include Bill Yeend, Manda Factor, Brian Calvert (who also works as a reporter and weathercaster on KOMO-TV), Lisa Brooks, Bill Rice, Art Sanders, Nancy Barrick, Pamela McCall, and Eric Slocum. It was announced on May 11, 2009, that KOMO would be simulcast on KFMY, an FM station in Oakville, Washington, starting on May 15, 2009. KFMY changed its call letters to KOMO-FM on May 18, 2009, to reflect the simulcast. The move was made to improve KOMO's coverage in the southern part of the market, as well as give listeners who prefer the sound of FM that option.

On April 11, 2013, after 87 years of owning the station, Fisher Communications announced that it would sell its properties, including KOMO, to the Sinclair Broadcast Group. Although Sinclair primarily owns television stations, the company initially retained KOMO and Fisher's two other Seattle radio stations, KVI and KPLZ-FM. The deal was completed on August 8, 2013. Two months after the sale, several radio employees were laid off as part of general cutbacks by Sinclair at most of the stations they acquired from Fisher.

On June 3, 2021, Sinclair announced they would sell KOMO-AM-FM, KVI, and KPLZ to Lotus Communications for $18 million. Of the $18 million, $5 million was in cash paid at closing; the remainder was Lotus' choice of either cash or advertising for Sinclair properties on Lotus' stations. Sinclair retained KOMO-TV, as well as rights to the KOMO call letters. Lotus and Sinclair also agreed to allow Lotus to use Sinclair equipment and IT systems, including sub-leasing the current KOMO studios, for 18 months following the sale; with it, KOMO-TV and KOMO-AM-FM were separated after 68 years. The sale was completed on September 28, 2021.

As required by the terms of the sale, KOMO's call sign was changed to KNWN (for "Northwest News") on February 2, 2022. The KNWN call sign is solely used for hourly station identifications, with the station primarily branding itself as "Northwest News Radio". Program director and afternoon co-anchor Rick Van Cise told the Seattle Times that there would be no programming changes accompanying the rebranding, and that KNWN would maintain its partnership with KOMO-TV. During the week preceding the relaunch, competitor KIRO-FM began promoting itself as "Your Northwest News Station".

Marketing slogans
Early 1970s: "From the Olympics to the Cascades, from Vancouver (B.C., Canada) to Vancouver (Washington), this is KOMO Radio 1000!"

(also) "You're in KOMO Country". Slogan was used with a heavily orchestrated instrumental jingle package from a Canadian studio. The package was called "Big Timber", and was commissioned exclusively for KOMO.

Early 1980s: "A taste of what you're living for, KOMO AM 1000, Seattle!"

Early 1990s: "The station you depend on!"

2002–2005, 2006-2007: "First For Local News, Traffic and Weather." Similar to KOMO-TV's past slogan of "First 4 Local News".

2005–2006: "The commuter's best friend."

2007–2009: "The Northwest's News, Traffic and Weather Station."

2009–2014: "Everything you need to know."

2011–2012: "Western Washington's News, Traffic and Weather Station."

2012–2014: "What happens next, happens here."

2014–present: "Stay connected. Stay informed."

2016–2022: "Stay connected. Stay informed. Stay on time."

title: KNWN (AM)


text:
KCRW

KCRW (89.9 MHz FM) is a National Public Radio member station broadcasting from the campus of Santa Monica College in Santa Monica, California, where the station is licensed. KCRW airs original news and music programming in addition to programming from NPR and other affiliates. A network of repeaters and broadcast translators, as well as internet radio, allows the station to serve the Greater Los Angeles area and other communities in Southern California. The station's main transmitter is located in Los Angeles's Laurel Canyon district and broadcasts in the HD radio format. It is one of two full NPR members in the Los Angeles area; Pasadena-based KPCC is the other.

History
KCRW was founded in 1945 to train servicemen returning from World War II in the then-new technology, FM broadcasting—hence its call letters, which stand for College Radio Workshop. It was a charter member of NPR in 1970, making Santa Monica College the second community college to own a public radio or television station.

Ruth Seymour
Former KPFK program director Ruth Seymour became general manager in 1978 and retired in February 2010. Born Ruth Epstein to Russian-Polish Jewish immigrants, she grew up in the East Bronx, studied at Sholem Aleichem Folk School and the City College of New York, and married and divorced Jack Hirschman, adopting the name of her paternal great-grandfather in 1993 to become Ruth Hirschman Seymour. She developed a mix of music, news, and other spoken-word programming that now attracts over 500,000 listeners each week. She was also known for a feisty temperament and a spur-of-the-moment style that led to the nickname "Lady of the Iron Whim."

Jennifer Ferro
The current general manager is Jennifer Ferro. Ferro is also the President of the KCRW Foundation, which provides financial support and other resources to ensure that KCRW can maintain and expand its mission consistent with economic, social and technological developments. The KCRW Foundation board of directors is composed of business and community leaders; Monica J. Shilling, a partner at Kirkland & Ellis LLP, serves as chair.

The station airs programs from NPR, Public Radio International (PRI), American Public Media, and the BBC, a range of music programs and live in-studio performances, and locally produced news and culture programs. KCRW also airs programming created through their Independent Producer Project, a project KCRW created to support "the work of independent contributors," which includes programs like Strangers, UnFictional, and SoundsLA. The station has three live program streams—"On Air," "Eclectic 24" and "News 24" —and on-demand listening through the KCRW apps and podcasts.

In August 2013, KCRW released a new logo and brand design created by Los Angeles–based branding agency Troika Design Group.

Programming
KCRW is an affiliate of NPR. Music programming includes the station's music program Morning Becomes Eclectic.

Warren Olney hosts the station's news and public affairs programs, To the Point (nationally distributed by Public Radio International).

KCRW covers the Southern California film industry with programs including The Business with Kim Masters, The Treatment with Elvis Mitchell, Martini Shot with Rob Long, and film reviews from Pulitzer Prize winning Wall Street Journal film critic Joe Morgenstern.

Music programs feature an eclectic array of songs from around the globe, particularly on the daily music program Morning Becomes Eclectic and the daytime weekend line-up. At night, music such as house, progressive, and electronic dance music are the main styles on shows formerly known as Metropolis and Nocturna. KCRW dropped all program names except Morning Becomes Eclectic and Strictly Jazz in 2008. Three of the station's previous music directors currently have programs on the air at KCRW.

Local and regional touring artists can send recordings to KCRW for consideration of airplay.

KCRW airs Santa Monica City Council meetings live when they are held. Because of the nature of the repeater network, Santa Monica City Council meetings can be heard throughout the Southern California region reaching out to approximately 150 mi (240 km). Before its current host, Evan Kleiman, took over as host, the KCRW show Good Food was parodied on Saturday Night Live in a recurring character sketch series, Delicious Dish, with Ana Gasteyer and Molly Shannon.

Since 2013, KCRW has put on the annual Radio Race, a 24-hour competition in which participants can write, record, and edit a nonfiction radio story. Here Be Monsters, a podcast about fears and the unknown, got its start on KCRW after winning Radio Race.

Influence and accolades
KCRW's flagship program is Morning Becomes Eclectic, a three-hour daily music program that has aired for more than 30 years. Historically, the show host is also the station's music director. Isabel Holt created the show in 1978. Tom Schnabel hosted the show from 1979 to 1990. In November 1990, Chris Douridas took over the show, hosting until April 1998. Nic Harcourt was in the seat from 1998 until December 1, 2008, coming from WDST FM 100.1 in Woodstock, N.Y. At WDST Harcourt successfully transitioned a traditional Triple A station to a cutting-edge trendsetting Alternative station in the shadow of New York City. Longtime KCRW DJ Jason Bentley, known for his "Metropolis" nighttime avant garde dance program, is the former host and music director. That position (morning host and MD respectively) will be split in two on August 30, 2019, with Bentley relinquishing both duties after 10 years, but will continue hosting Metropolis.

KCRW has given initial exposure to artists such as Coldplay, Norah Jones, Sigur Ros, Damien Rice, and David Gray. KCRW programming has won numerous awards and accolades, including the Golden Pylon Award in 2011 and 2014, a PRNDI Award in 2013 and 2014, The Edward R. Murrow Award in 2014 and 2015, the Webby Award in 2015, an APTRA Award in 2015, The Gracie Award in 2016, and seven first place awards from the Los Angeles Press Club for the year of 2015.

Several hosts have extended their careers into music supervision for both film and television, including Chris Douridas (American Beauty, Shrek 2 and House of Lies), Liza Richardson (Friday Night Lights and The Kids Are All Right), and Gary Calamar, the music supervisor for HBO's True Blood and Six Feet Under.

Streaming media is now prominent at the station, which streams thousands of hours of content each week. KCRW provides three different live streams: the live broadcast, a 24-hour music service, and a 24-hour news service. Streams are available  through web browsers, with alternate streams offered using the PLS file format, which can be played using software such as iTunes, Winamp and RealPlayer. The music service and news service are also included as channels in AOL Radio. The station also archives its talk and music programs for listeners to stream at their convenience, and offers podcasts of in-studio performance and talk programs.

KCRW has members across the country and the station regularly sponsors live music events throughout the United States and in Canada.

In a 2021 L.A. Podcast interview, former staffer Cerise Castle accused the station of "microaggressions, gaslighting, and blatant racism." The station investigated the accusations with the help of a law firm. In a statement, the station said: "Ultimately, several of the claims were found to be unsubstantiated or not corroborated. But we take all claims very seriously."

Events
KCRW promotes a great deal of live music events nationally, featuring both established and emerging artists. In April 2011, KCRW promoted and sponsored the controversial graffiti exhibit entitled "Art in the Streets" at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MoCA). The Los Angeles Times reported an increase in tagging around MoCA after the exhibit opened to the public.

Stations
KCRW programming is relayed by five full-power stations. However, KERW—serving San Luis Obispo—is a full-time HD1 simulcast partner with KCRW-HD2's "Eclectic 24" music programming. "Eclectic 24" is heard on the HD2 signals of the four other stations, as it does on KCRW itself.

The call letters of KCRI, KCRU, KCRY, and KDRW are identified at the top of each hour alongside those of KCRW, as are the frequencies of those stations and their transmitters.

KCRW also directly feeds three low-power translators, while other stations feed four additional translators.

KCRW also has applications pending for new translators on 88.5 in Mojave, 89.9 in Temecula, 90.1 in Baker, 90.3 FM in Barstow, and 105.7 FM in Julian.

Previous translators (now off the air and licenses returned to the FCC) operated on 88.3 FM in Palmdale, 89.1 FM in Camarillo, 90.9 FM in Palm Springs, and 100.1 in China Lake. Another former translator, K296AI, was the only KCRW translator not owned by the station. It is operated by Indian Wells Valley TV Booster, Inc., which also operates translators that rebroadcast Los Angeles–area television stations in the Ridgecrest area. That translator currently rebroadcasts KMZT.

In February 2014, KCRW announced that it would buy Santa Barbara station KDB (93.7 FM), currently a classical music station, for $1 million. The transaction will allow KCRW to begin using another Santa Barbara station, KQSC (88.7 FM) as a repeater for KCRW's programming, while transferring KUSC's classical programming from KQSC to KDB, thereby preserving KDB's role as Santa Barbara's classical station.

KCRW Berlin
On September 13, 2017, partner station, KCRW Berlin, was awarded a broadcast license in Berlin, Germany, on 104.1 MHz. This license and frequency had previously been held by NPR Berlin. The station has a website at kcrwberlin.com.

KCRW Berlin ceased broadcasting on December 13, 2020, due to the economic disruptions caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

title: KCRW


text:
User talk:64.136.27.227

Proposed deletion of Nevan

The article Nevan has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "No evidence or information of this saint's existence found, no evidence of notability, fails WP:NNAME, few if any reliable sources given."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. AllTheUsernamesAreInUse (talk) 23:32, 13 January 2024 (UTC)

Nomination of Nevan for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Nevan is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Nevan until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. AllTheUsernamesAreInUse (talk) 20:14, 14 January 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:64.136.27.227


text:
U.S. Route 76

U.S. Route 76 (US 76) is an east–west U.S. highway in the Southeastern United States that travels for 548 mi. Its western terminus is at US 41 and the eastern terminus of US 72 (Broad Street) in the city of Chattanooga, Tennessee, where it travels in a generally due east direction, to its eastern terminus at Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina. It travels through the cities of Chattanooga, Tennessee, Ringgold, Georgia, Columbia and Florence, South Carolina, and Wilmington, North Carolina.

Route description

 * TN
 * 8.9
 * 14.3
 * GA
 * 150.7
 * 242.5
 * SC
 * 297.9
 * 479.4
 * NC
 * 79
 * 127
 * Total
 * 548
 * 882
 * }
 * Total
 * 548
 * 882
 * }
 * }

Tennessee
In the state of Tennessee, US-76 is an arterial road that travels east-southeast from Downtown Chattanooga to East Ridge and south to the Georgia state line. US-76 travels concurrent with US-41 for its entire length in Tennessee, about 8.9 mi.

Georgia
In Georgia, US 76 traverses the northern part of the state and passes through the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest and Georgia's most mountainous region. US 76 passes through Catoosa, Whitfield, Murray, Gilmer, Fannin, Union, Towns, and Rabun counties.

South Carolina
US 76 enters South Carolina across the Chattooga River, then continues southeast toward Westminster. This segment is a moderately windy two-lane road. In Westminster, it heads east toward Seneca and Clemson. From Clemson, the road heads southeast toward Anderson, intersecting Interstate 85 (I-85), then east toward the small towns of Belton and Honea Path. US 76 is a four-lane highway from Westminster to Anderson. In Anderson, the road widens to six lanes with a reversible turn lane. After a concurrency with US 178, the road narrows to five lanes, and, as it goes south towards downtown Anderson, it narrows again to four. However, the sections around Seneca, Clemson, and Anderson are well developed with many traffic lights. It travels concurrent with US 123 from Westminster to Clemson, SC 28 from Seneca to Anderson, and US 178 from Anderson to Honea Path.

From Honea Path, the highway heads east to Laurens. This section is a rural two-lane road that is not frequently traveled. From Laurens, US 76 roughly parallels I-385 and I-26 as it heads to Columbia. US 76 provides local access to the communities of Laurens, Clinton, Newberry, Prosperity, Chapin, and the other smaller towns in the area. In Irmo, US 76 travels concurrent with US 176, then continues on to I-26, with which it travels concurrently. After the interchange with I-20, US 76 splits off from I-26 and continues into downtown Columbia concurrent with I-126.

In Columbia, US 76 follows Elmwood Avenue, Bull Street, Gervais Street, Millwood Avenue, and Devine Street before heading east toward Sumter. The segment from Columbia to Sumter is a four-lane highway and US 76 is concurrent with US 378 from the intersection of Bull and Gervais near the University of South Carolina in Columbia to Sumter. From Sumter, US 76 heads northeast to Florence. US 76 is the major road through Florence. It then continues east out of Florence to the small towns of Marion and Mullins, then into North Carolina. The highway is concurrent with US 301 from Florence to across the Pee Dee River.

North Carolina

The highway passes through Fair Bluff and becomes concurrent with US 74 from Chadbourn to Wilmington. The highway is mostly four lanes, divided with at-grade and controlled intersections. The speed limit is from 45 mi/h to 70 mi/h. It crosses the Cape Fear Memorial Bridge into Wilmington and continues to Wrightsville Beach via Oleander Drive to the route's eastern terminus. US 76 traverses 80.3 mi in North Carolina; approximately 54 mi concurrent with US 74, between Chadbourn and Wilmington.

History
A significant section of US 76 was relocated in Georgia during the 1980s with the old alignment decommissioned first in 1982 from the Hemptown community in Fannin County westward and eastward into Union County in 1988. Extending from west of Blue Ridge to Blairsville, the 35 mi stretch of road today is known as Blue Ridge Highway and Old Highway 76 including the city of Morganton. In Morganton, the stretch is joined briefly by SR 60, and, in Blairsville, a small portion of the route is unofficially part of US 19/US 129. This old alignment from Blairsville to Blue Ridge is approximately 37 mi long and has some of Georgia's most scenic views along its eastern end. This stretch was formerly part of SR 2, as well.

US 76 also has other old alignments in Ellijay (by-passed in 1982), Cherry Log, Whitepath (both bypassed in 1989) and south of Blue Ridge (by-passed in 1965). US 76 was also relocated from present-day SR 52 from Ellijay to Chatsworth in 1981 to a less treacherous course along SR 282. Significant curve realignments also occurred along the previously serpentine section from Hiawassee to Clayton from 1988 to 2005. Today, US 76 shares mileage with SR 5, SR 515, SR 282, SR 61, SR 52, SR 17, SR 75, SR 15, and SR 3, in addition to SR 2. U.S. highways with common mileage include US 411, US 41, US 441, and US 23.

Formerly, US 76 followed a longer route from Westminster to Pendleton. From Westminster, the old route followed S-37-13 through the Richland community, then its current alignment to SC 59 into downtown Seneca, then SC 130 out of Seneca to S-37-1, then its current alignment to SC 93 toward Clemson University, then SC 28 Business through Pendleton.

US 76 did not appear in North Carolina until late 1934 into 1935. It replaced NC 202 and US 17 from the South Carolina border to Chadbourn, US 17 and NC 20 to Wilmington and NC 20 to Wrightsville Beach. The original US 76 followed the current alignment of the road from the South Carolina state line to Chadbourn. US 76 then followed NC 214 north of Lake Waccamaw and through Bolton. It then followed the current alignment to Leland. US 76 then used Office Road, Lincoln Road, Old Mill Road, to get to Village Road NE. US 76 then used the closed causeway to cross the Brunswick River. From Belville US 76 used NC 133 routing to cross the Cape Fear and NE Cape Fear River's. US 76 then went down 3rd Street to Market Street and then followed 17th Street to Oleander Drive. US 76 then used Arlie Road to where US 76 currently crosses into Wrightsville Beach. US 76 then turned north on Lumina Avenue to the current end point of US 74. In 1936 US 74/US 76 was given a short bypass around Leland using Village Road. The old part became US 74-A. In 1940, US 76 was removed off the routing along Lumina Avenue and was instead routed south along Waynick Drive to the southern part of the island. Sometime between 1959 and 1962, US 76 was removed off Arlie Drive, and instead, US 76 followed Oleander Drive all the way to Causeway Drive. In 1966, US 76 was moved onto split roads along both 16th and 17th streets in downtown Wilmington. In 1969, US 76 was redirected to use a new bridge to cross the Cape Fear River into Wilmington. US 76 would also now use Dawson and Wooster Streets through downtown Wilmington. In 1975, US 76 and US 74 were placed on a new freeway that bypassed both Leland and Belville; along with that, US 76 was placed on a new freeway that bypassed Chadbourn. Between 1986 and 1987, US 76 was placed on a bypass of Hallsboro and Lake Waccamaw. Around 1992, US 76 was routed to bypass Bolton leaving behind NC 214. In 2003, US 76 was moved onto Military Cutoff Road instead of being on Wrightsville Avenue.

Major intersections

 * Tennessee
 * in Chattanooga. US 41/US 76 travels concurrently to east of Dalton, Georgia.
 * in Chattanooga. The highways travel concurrently through Chattanooga.
 * in Chattanooga
 * in East Ridge

 * Georgia
 * southeast of Ringgold
 * in Chatsworth. The highways travel concurrently to south-southeast of Chatsworth.
 * in Blairsville. The highways travel concurrently to northeast of Blairsville.
 * in Clayton. The highways travel concurrently through Clayton.

 * South Carolina
 * in Westminster. The highways travel concurrently to Clemson.
 * in Northlake
 * in Northlake. The highways travel concurrently to Honea Path.
 * in Anderson. The highways travel concurrently through Anderson.
 * northwest of Princeton. The highways travel concurrently for approximately 1.2 mi.
 * in Laurens
 * north-northwest of Irmo. The highways travel concurrently to Irmo.
 * in Irmo. I-26/US 76 travels concurrently to Columbia.
 * on the Seven Oaks–St. Andrews CDP line
 * in Columbia. I-126/US 76 travels concurrently through Columbia.
 * in Columbia. US 21/US 76/US 176/US 321 travels concurrently through Columbia.
 * in Columbia. US 1/US 76 travels concurrently through Columbia. US 76/US 378 travels concurrently to East Sumter.
 * in Columbia
 * north of Eastover
 * in Sumter
 * in Sumter
 * in Sumter
 * southwest of Florence
 * in Florence
 * east of Florence. The highways travel concurrently to Pee Dee.
 * in Marion

 * North Carolina
 * northeast of Chadbourn. I-74/US 76 will travel concurrently to east-northeast of Whiteville. US 74/US 76 travels concurrently to Eagle Island.
 * in Whiteville
 * northwest of Leland
 * in Leland. The highways travel concurrently to Eagle Island.
 * on Eagle Island. US 76/US 421 travels concurrently to Wilmington.
 * in Wilmington
 * in Wilmington. The highways travel concurrently to Wrightsville Beach.
 * Jack Parker Boulevard/Water Street in Wrightsville Beach

Special routes

 * Special routes of U.S. Route 76

Related routes

 * U.S. Route 176 - runs from U.S. Route 25 Business/North Carolina Highway 225 in Hendersonville, North Carolina to U.S. Route 52 in Goose Creek, South Carolina. The Route closely parallels Interstate 26 for its entire route.
 * U.S. Route 276 runs from Interstate 385 in Greenville, South Carolina to Interstate 40 in Cove Creek, North Carolina.

title: U.S. Route 76


text:
Charles Marcil

Charles Marcil, (July 1, 1860 – January 29, 1937) was a longtime member of the House of Commons of Canada and served as Speaker of the House from 1909 to 1911.

He was first elected to the House of Commons as a Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) in the 1900 election and represented the riding of Bonaventure Quebec in the Gaspé Peninsula without interruption until his death in 1937.

Marcil was born to a French-Canadian father and Irish mother. His father's family settled in New France around 1665.

Growing up in the Ottawa-Hull area, he served as a House of Commons page, then went on to work as a journalist for the Montreal Gazette and several other newspapers.

Marcil ran unsuccessfully as a candidate for the Quebec Liberal Party in the 1897 provincial election before winning a seat in the federal parliament in 1900.

He worked hard to obtain projects for his community including the construction of bridges, lighthouses and the establishment of a ferry service.

Marcil was nominated for the position of Speaker by Wilfrid Laurier following the 1908 election. Despite initial opposition by Ontario Tories, he was unanimously elected to the position.

He was a popular Speaker and might have continued through a second Parliament had the Liberals not been defeated in the 1911 election. He returned to the backbenches, and concurrently was elected to sit on Montreal's city council as an alderman in 1918 while remaining an MP.

From 1921 to 1931, he served as Chairman of the Liberal caucus in Ottawa. He was Dean of the House from 1930 to his death in 1937.

Charles Marcil was not the only member of his family to be involved in politics. In the late 19th Century, his uncle Doctor David Marsil was mayor of Saint-Eustache, Quebec from 1871 to 1875 and appointed to the Legislative Council of Quebec in 1888. Charles Marcil's brother Georges was the last mayor of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce, before the city was annexed to Montreal in 1910. Georges' granddaughter Susie Marcil was married to Daniel Johnson, Premier of Quebec in 1994.

Another notable relative was Charles Marcil's maternal uncle, Edward P. Doherty, an American Civil War officer who formed and led the detachment of soldiers that captured and killed John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of United States President Abraham Lincoln.

title: Charles Marcil


text:
Talk:Dr. Atl

Untitled
I am movig this article to Dr. Atl and creating a REDIRECT from Doctor Atl since he was by far more popular under his nom de plume (think Mark Twain). Ruiz 04:12, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * I've also updated the Dr Atl redirect. Also, the category tag. I guess that Dr. Atl should sort under A, so

The image of the ancient Tenochtitlan shown here as Dr Atl's work was painted by Luis Covarrubias Duclaud in 1964, exhibited at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City since then —Preceding unsigned comment added by 189.202.3.133 (talk) 16:28, 31 October 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090609051158/http://viewmorepics.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=viewImage to http://viewmorepics.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=viewImage&friendID=241515703&albumID=0&imageID=6271138#a=0&i=1725104

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title: Talk:Dr. Atl


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Atlantium (2nd nomination)

The result of the debate was No Consensus [added by Andre🚐 23:12, 15 August 2022 (UTC) for afdstats]

--Gene_poole 05:12, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Current tally: (Top to bottom of article)

Keep:
 * 1) Golbez
 * 2) Gene Poole
 * 3) Securiger
 * 4) anthony
 * 5) Dmn
 * 6) Daniel C. Boyer
 * 7) mav
 * 8) Dittaeva
 * 9) Rhymeless
 * 10) Bryan
 * 11) Jao
 * 12) Andrevan
 * 13) Erolos
 * 14) SWAdair
 * 15) Tεx  τ  urε
 * 16) Aris Katsaris
 * 17) Wiwaxia
 * 18) till we ☼ ☽
 * 19) Wikisux

Delete:
 * 1) User:Belgsoc
 * 2) Samboy
 * 3) Nunh-huh
 * 4) Sean Curtin
 * 5) Ambi
 * 6) Niteowlneils
 * 7) Geogre
 * 8) Wile E. Heresiarch
 * 9) Gzornenplatz
 * 10) Ianb
 * 11) Hcheney
 * 12) Jeeves
 * 13) Cutler
 * 14) Hayford Peirce
 * 15) Lacrimosus
 * 16) Stuart Smith
 * 17) [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]]
 * 18) Postdlf
 * 19) Fire Star
 * 20) IndigoGenius
 * 21) Denni ☯
 * 22) Plato
 * 23) Stormie
 * 24) Neutrality
 * 25) DS
 * 26) PBTim
 * 27) Cribcage
 * 28) Rickyrab
 * 29) UtherSRG

Unclear:
 * 1) Average Earthman (seems to be a comment and question rather than a clear keep or delete)
 * 2) Lucky 6.9

Current tally: Keep: 19 Delete: 29

 * If delete won, why is the article still here?
 * Delete "winning" is irrelevant. Deletion of articles happens when there's *consensus* for deletion, not when there's a mere majority for it. This is a procedure to see if consensus for deletion existed, and it clearly did not -- not when 40% of the people that voted said no. Aris Katsaris 15:15, 20 Aug 2004 (UTC)

it's not a point of Delete doesn't need to have a mere majority vote

Another silly micronation. The article is by the "emperor" of this club. Not worth any space on Wikipedia. Please delete. User:Belgsoc

People may wish to note one of User:Belgsoc's recent valuable contributions to Wikipedia on the above subject (see line 121): http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Micronation&diff=0&oldid=5093390 --Gene_poole 14:59, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Comment, this was previously listed in February and May. Boht times after much controversy it was kept. Thearchived debates can be read at Talk:Atlantium/Delete and Template:VfD-Empire of Atlantium - SimonP 05:17, Aug 10, 2004 (UTC)

--Gene_poole 11:17, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: A selection of documentary evidence on this subject, for the public record:
 * http://www.atlantium.org/media.html - link to multiple press articles from Australia, Romania, New Zealand, Mexico, Russia etc.
 * http://www.atlantium.org/news.html - link showing formal interaction with representative of "real" government authority.
 * http://www.atlantium.org/images/Brazil_Mint_Museum_300610522_04.PDF - official documentary instrument of receipt from the Brazilian Central Bank
 * http://www.atlantium.org/news_10522.html - link showing interaction with "real" diplomatic representatives, governmental functionaries, and the (then) Vice President of Brazil.
 * http://www.atlantium.org/news_10521.html - link showing conduct of radio interview by BBC Sydney correspondent.

Comment: To add to Geroge's own links (Note: Gene_poole is really George Cruickshank, "Emperor" of Atlantium), A guardian article, and a flame war on Usenet when George tried promoting Atlantium there. Samboy 17:52, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep; If Wik couldn't get it killed, no one can. --Golbez 05:19, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. The subject of this article is verifiably real and has been widely documented in the global print, television and radio media. It is clearly notable, as has been discussed at length during two previous unsuccessful article deletion attempts made since February 2004. The article has obviously been worked on by multiple contributors. This is an spurious vfd by an individual who is apparently a disgruntled member of a Roman re-enactment micronation group called Nova Roma, who has recently been attempting to delete all references to that group from the Micronation article. This user's only other contribution to Wikipedia has been the creation of an article, on the subject of a completely non-notable, undocumented, and very likely fictitious internet club Societas Via Romana, which I listed for deletion earlier today.--Gene_poole 05:29, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. This is a silly fantasy a group of friends have, not a micronation. Samboy 06:50, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Neither obviously better nor worse than the other micronation articles, which have repeatedly survived VfDing. The problem here seems to be that Gene_poole and Belgsoc seem to have it in for each other and are VfDing each other's clubs. Maybe what is really needed is Dispute resolution? Securiger 06:54, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Belgsoc is not the only one with a dispute over Gene's actions; I also do not feel that Gene acts in a reasonable manner. Samboy 06:59, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. This can never be a neutral article as long as the Emperor of Atlantium sits guard on it. If he would stop editing it to enforce the point of view of his micronation, and entrust the article to those not involved, it might stand a chance of becoming [1] a reasonable article, and [2] less of a constant source of controversy. - Nunh-huh 07:02, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: If you look at the article history you will see that the only changes I've made in recent months relate to formatting, not content.--Gene_poole 07:20, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: I would hardly call George Cruickshank's last edit to the page a "formatting" change. Samboy 18:32, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: Restoration of article edits made by other editors and previously vadalised by Wik. Nuff said.--Gene_poole 21:27, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete: This is not, never has been, and never will be notable. -Sean Curtin 07:30, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. anthony (see warning) 10:49, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Stop the war on Atlantium. Dmn 11:33, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Ambi 11:37, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I believe (hope?) at least some other micronation articles have gone bye-bye. Unless they were involved in a precedent-changing lawsuit, or something equally notable, Delete. (also, not notable--only 700 hits, and many are for an Israeli water treatment company by that name.) Niteowlneils 12:20, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

because I'm not important enough. As for being interviewed on Radio 4... well, Radio 4 likes interviewing eccentrics - [BBC link] - I like the reference to the man who lifted washing up bowls with his stomach. The editor blocked the dwarf throwers, though. I'd like to stress that I'm not saying you're a nutter, but I am saying that being interviewed by the BBC is clearly no official stamp of significance. Can you tell us on which BBC Radio 4 programme this interview aired? Also, the lack of links to anything other than atlantium.org isn't impressive. Average Earthman 13:08, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Isn't there meant to be some ruling on how often a page can be listed for VfD? I'd have though this was too close to a previous vote to be allowed. On the other hand - well, I've had international papers published, been interviewed by the BBC, had formal interactions with government representatives (and anyone in the UK could - MPs surgeries are rarely over booked), and have no Wikipedia article on me

Comment: Invalid sockpuppet vote. User created 10 Aug 2004. Only contributions are 1 single-line article edit and 4 vfd votes - 3 of them for this article.--Gene_poole 03:17, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: If you'd followed the link you'd have noted the reference to the Outlook programme. I agree that notability is not determined by an article in the media. Notability is determined by the confluence of multiple factors - media attention from multiple sources in multiple locations being one factor - which Atlantium obviously has - (most recently a top-of-page 3 article in Australia's leading broadsheet paper with a 250,000 daily circulation). Academic attention is another mark of notability - and Atlantium has that too - as the subject - along with Sealand and Hutt River Province - of an exhibition at the University of Sunderland (UK), commencing Nov 7. The products of Atlantium are also held in numerous museums - again see the above link to a receipt from the Brazilian Central Bank as an example. I mean, seriously, how much empirical evidence do you want? --Gene_poole 13:30, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * If you ever develop the ability to link to something other than your own webpage in these arguments, it might be a little more convincing. As for Outlook, they are one of the BBC programmes that interviews both the serious and important and the completely deranged - here's an excerpt from the BBC webpages "Liar, liar This year's King of Liars has just been crowned in a small town in France, but what makes a good liar? We will be finding out on Outlook today.". The Brazilian Central Bank - you sent them something, they sent a receipt. Isn't that just standard practice? Average Earthman 12:23, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * As you are no doubt aware, few media outlets retain active online article links for more than a few months without charging for it - hence the multiple pdf articles listed on our media coverage page - all of which are clearly from the stated external sources. I can also source video footage from Reuters and the ZDF network in Germany if desired, along with documents/references from the University of Sunderland, and, with a certain amount of time the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees Working Group on Indigenous Peoples and the Office of the Dominican President. The importance of the Brazilan State Bank receipt is the fact that it "recognises" the source in full titular detail, which I would presume to be at very least an unusual occurrence. All of these arguments about "legitimacy" are however rather off-topic; we are not discussing the "legitimacy" or even the "worth" of Atlantium. We are discussing whether it is noteworthy based on the fact that significant numbers of people, having heard about it, are likely to come to Wikipedia to research it further. I believe that to be self-evident.--Gene_poole 03:58, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Per above. This one is much closer to establishng verifiable notability and is a much closer case. Geogre 13:12, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Party's over, Emperor. You've had your fun. Wile E. Heresiarch 14:22, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: I see the mad micronation deletionist has arrived on cue, bearing the same well-considered, rational attitude as ever.--Gene_poole 14:37, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Atlantium verifiably exists, at least to some degree.  Concerns about the content of the article, as stated above, or the participation of the "Emperor" of the article in is editing, are not valid reasons to vote to delete; they are valid reasons to modify the content of the article.  --Daniel C. Boyer 14:47, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Much of the "evidence" above is bogus, for example the "Imperial Legate" to Brazil is primarily the Albanian consul-general in Brazil, and it was no doubt in the latter function that he was on that conference and got to speak to the vice president and other diplomats. And I suppose anyone can send an example of their private coinage to the Brazilian Central Bank and get a note of receipt. Gzornenplatz 14:55, Aug 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment. So... the Albanian consul-general, who one assumes is a real live diplomat, also functions as a repesentative of Atlantium... but somehow the fact that a real live diplomat is associated with Atlantium at all doesn't count as notable, because... why exactly? And this group that has produced physical artefacts that were receipted in the name of the group, and that are held in the state collection of the Central Bank of one of the world's largest countries is not notable because... why exactly? --Gene_poole 15:12, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Consuls often do weird things. No, it is not notable that he plays this role for you. You may be paying him, without him having to do anything other than allow you to call him "Imperial Legate" and use his photos of his usual activities for your purposes. And it's not notable either that you minted coins and sent them to the Central Bank which puts it in some curiosities collection. The bottom line is that neither Albania nor Brazil nor any other country recognizes Atlantium. Therefore Atlantium is of no significance to anyone outside its own membership. And the size of that membership is not verifiable. I wonder why you spend so much time personally defending Atlantium on Wikipedia - isn't this beneath an emperor? If you really have thousands of members, why can't you recruit some of them to do some of the propaganda work here? Gzornenplatz 15:49, Aug 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 1. The point of the discussion is not "is Atlantium recognised by Brazil or Brobdiginia?". The point of the discussion is, "is Atlantium a notable, verifiably real entity that is likely to be the subject of Wikipedia research by someone who has heard about it somewhere else?" - the answer to which is "yes". The fact that it has been the subject of extensive TV, radio and press coverage over an extensive period in many parts of the world, and is to be given formal scholastic attention by a tertiary educational institution, as noted elsewhere in this discussion, would certainly seem to indicate that it is "of interest" to plenty of people outside its membership. 2. I have been a Wikipedia editor since 2002 and I enjoy it as a socially beneficial and intellectually stimulating diversion. Unlike some here I have created and contributed to a multiplicity of articles on a wide variety of subjects - the majority of which I have no personal interest in. Are you suggesting that it is acceptable for me to invite the general membership of Atlantium to join Wikipedia for the express purpose of supporting this article? --Gene_poole 21:16, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The answer is that it is not notable. It is an extreme exaggeration to call the media coverage "extensive". The media page on your website lists probably the entirety of it - and they are typically ridiculing the whole thing, so you are apparently not selective, but put up every press coverage you can find, and it's a total of 13 articles. And you can add a few minutes on BBC and your part in a university micronation exhibition and it is still by no means "extensive". The second point is that your personal involvement here, and the lack of other Atlantians, casts doubt on your claimed membership, which, if of a certain size, would be the only justification for having an article on an entity that lacks any outside significance. It would not be acceptable to invite your membership here, but I don't think you would shy away from it if you could - you just invited 16 people on their talk pages to vote here too. Gzornenplatz 21:53, Aug 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * Again, you are (selectively) missing the point entirely. Firstly, you don't appear to grasp the meaning of the term "extensive" - in either is geographic or other contexts. Secondly your perjorative use of the blanket term "ridicule" - which, apart from not applying to all (or even most) of the cited examples - does not address the point of the discussion and is therefore moot. Thirdly, you assume that I have provided (or indeed, that I even possess) a complete list of either media references or other available evidence, when it should be clear to you from publicly available dissusions tied to previous deletion attempts and discussions for this and related articles that I have not and do not. Fourthly, I did indeed invite people who have supported and edited this page previously to review the current discussion - exactly as any other editor can. It is obviously particularly relevant to those editors - and they all, to my knowledge, possess intelligence and free choice in sufficient quantity to act in the manner they decide is most appropriate. Attempting to turn that into some sort of half-baked character assassination does you no favours.--Gene_poole 23:27, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * How am I not grasping the meaning of "extensive"? 13 articles is not extensive; the geographical distribution makes no difference there. And I think titles like "the boy from Hurstville who now rules a big flat", or a picture of His Imperial Majesty with the royal vacuum cleaner, or speaking of "plenty of fun-filled, fun-sized enclaving for micromaniacs everywhere" is not exactly evidence of taking Atlantium seriously - it is just reported on as a curiosity, like thousands of others who are not therefore encyclopedic. The assumption that you provide all articles you are aware of is a rather safe one, and you must be aware of most of them since the reporters will contact you unless they just make a story on the basis of the website (and such stories would not be any more credible than the website itself). As to your invites, I was just telling the facts - you're obviously doing your utmost to save the article (you didn't invite people who opposed the article before) - if you take that as a character assassination, then that's you describing your own character. Gzornenplatz 02:05, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * 1. How exactly is 13 articles in newspapers from Romania to New Zealand not extensive? Is 14 extensive? Is 20 extensive? 50? And what about the Reuters television coverage screened everywhere from Peru to Azerbaijan? Or national coverage on one of Germany's 2 national television networks? I suppose that is "not extensive" too, according to your endlessly rubbery goalpost-shifting definition. And how about addressing the Uni of Sunderland exhibition? I assume that the opinions of gallery curators are somehow excised from serious consideration too. I can offer you mobile phone numbers and videos in the mail if you really want them - but of course you won't take up my offer, because if you were honest you would admit that you are not actually interested in establishing the article's validity at all - merely in sharing further irrelevant disparaging commentary. Notwithstanding all of the above, your central thesis is flawed. The point of the discussion is, and remains, "is Atlantium a notable, verifiably real entity that is likely to be the subject of Wikipedia research by someone who has heard about it somewhere else?" - and the answer is, and remains, "yes".--Gene_poole 03:12, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * At 50 articles it might start to get interesting. Two television items don't make a difference, nor does one exhibition. And the point of the discussion is not whether it is an "entity that is likely to be the subject of Wikipedia research by someone who has heard about it somewhere else", because too few people will have heard about it somewhere else to begin with. The point is that it is not notable. Gzornenplatz 03:22, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * International media attention? I suspect you are currently lagging well behind the [killer badgers of Evesham] on that account.Average Earthman 14:49, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Your criteria are extremely interesting - if only as an illustration of your total lack of objectivity on this subject. Please share with us which established academic standard they are derived from. And please also explain how an audited BBC World Service audience of 153 million people (as just one example) can be considered "too few".--Gene_poole 03:36, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Obviously there is no "objective" standard for this. If you want to maintain that a total of 13 articles plus 2 TV and 1 radio item constitute "extensive media coverage" which makes anything significant enough to have an encyclopedia article, fine. I disagree. And 153 million would not be too few if all those heard about Atlantium, but this is just more manipulation. A bit of research reveals that this is not the total number of listeners at any time, but the average number of listeners per week. Considering you had just a 7-minute segment (according to your own claims), and that is just the 1,440th part of a week, the number of people who have heard it is of course not in the millions. Gzornenplatz 03:50, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Plus that BBC Worldwide appearance puts you up there with this weeks interviews including the French Liar of Liars and some Aussies who go swimming in winter. Average Earthman 14:49, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * So now there is "no objective standard" for notability. Well I guess that's one way of justifying a position that can be summarised as "it's not notable because I say so". Clearly, your arguments are becoming more and more torturous, the longer you persist in attempting to promote your indefensible position on this subject. Even if your latest proposition were to be taken at face value, it puts you in the position of claiming that 106,250 people being aware of a subject is somehow not significant. But, oh dear, you will have to double that to 212,500 people because that particular segment was broadcast on 2 separate occasions. Does that make it twice as in/significant as before? Are you proposing to make similar assertions concerning newspaper articles based on column inches vs number of pages? Anyway, I think I've made my point fairly clearly, so I won't waste any more keystrokes on it. Our viewpoints are clearly divergent. I hope you will consider taking a more balanced approach in any similar future circumstances. --Gene_poole 05:12, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, if you have an objective standard of notability (or, what it boils down to, of "extensiveness" of media coverage), share it. So far your position could likewise be summarised as "it's notable because I say so" (or, "it's notable because of the extensive media coverage, and 13 articles etc. is extensive because I say so"). And there are lots of insignificant things which hundreds of thousands of people may hear in the radio about. Sorry, that is not encyclopedic. Any two-headed goat born in Peru will get more coverage, but we won't need an article on it. But you're right in that our viewpoints are clearly divergent, so we may end this before you descend any further into flamewar mode (and you probably couldn't top your performance of years ago anyway, reading the Usenet thread linked to above). Gzornenplatz 14:54, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. --Ianb 17:20, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * What I said in February: Strongely oppose deletion. This page has been salvaged by a good many longstanding and respected Wikipedians over the last year. --mav 17:34, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep --Dittaeva 18:02, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Rhymeless 18:41, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. The "Emperor" himself seems to want to inject his semi-lucid POV delusions of grandeur into this article whenever we let him. George Cruickshank or "Emperor George II" needs a psychiatrist, not a Wikipedia article. --H. C HENEY 18:45, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. A poster child for most of the deletion guidelines, especially considering the belligerence of its creator. Jeeves 22:50, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - I quite like micronation articles but there has to be some real constitional ambiguity for them to exist and this is just an article about an advocacy group. Is this advocacy group notable? I think that, by their very nature, the burden of proof is on such groups to prove their notability and this lot have not. Cutler 23:01, Aug 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - this is the same issue that was raised before, so I'm giving the same answer I gave before. Micronations, even particluarly tiny micronations, are valid subjects for articles. If there are NPOV problems then they can be solved by editing even if you happen to think the article's original author is a loon; if he won't "let" us then the user is the problem to deal with, not the article he's fixated on. Etc. Can we stop putting this article on VfD now and get on with other things? Bryan 23:55, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Any article that uses the word paradigm shift even once, not to mention twice, gets my vote for instant deletion. Hayford Peirce 01:41, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. A good article on this could only be written if there were some good external reference work available; there simply isn't. Lacrimosus 02:19, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. 4kintheroad 03:07, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. The amount of news coverage given above is enough, but shouldn't it be linked to directly from the article? Also, the organization is "aiming to cause a paradigm shift in the concept of what constitutes a sovereign state" – has it had any success? Has it in any way influenced the scholarly debate on theories of statehood? If it has (verifiably), then say so and it wouldn't be on VfD at all. On the other hand, spamming message boards (http://www.google.com/search?q=%22World%27s+smallest+country+welcomes+new+Citizens%22+thread&num=100&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&safe=off&filter=0) is not a very nice practice, but I guess we shouldn't weigh that in. -- Jao 07:37, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: I agree that the content needs an overhaul. Unfortunately the current state of the article is a legacy of Wik's repeated vandalisations/attempts at deletion of it earlier this year. Since then I've steered clear of adding any substantial content, so I cannot be accused of "mothering" it, as some people continue to falsely accuse me of doing. However, I'm more than happy to supply details/references to anyone who wants to implement changes themselves. --Gene_poole

 * Keep. Valid enough to have an article as long as it isn't treated as a legit nation. Andre 08:50, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * delete. I was glad to see Nova Roma deleted, and have to vote delete here as well.  Treating these internet clubs as anything other than internet clubs lends them a dignity and status they do not deserve. Nothing personel here, but all this micronation stuff, whether it be grown men imagining themselves to be Roman consuls, or a self-styled emperor, are not worthy of inclsion in any reference work which is supposed to be a serious project. {Though I admit I am not convinced of Wikipedia's worth in that area.}  So I say delete. Stuart Smith 12:47, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Why waste space with this junk?4kintheroad 01:06, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC) 4kintheroad moved off the main VfD page

 * Keep - its a valid article but it needs editing so that it doesn't sound so self-promotional, and includes the POV that it is nothing more than an internet club, in a NPOV way. 1000 members means that it at least deserves an article about it as a club.-Erolos 16:47, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * It might deserve an article if this figure was verifiable. Personally I doubt the real number is much higher than 50. Gzornenplatz 16:52, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * As I've stated repeatedly in previous discussions, anyone who wishes to review the Citizenship Database for Atlantium is welcome do so - by making an appoinment to visit either our Sydney HQ, or alternatively the office of our Director of Internal Affairs in Knoxville Tennessee. So far nobody on Wikipedia has elected to take up that opportunity - but that is hardly surprising given the standard of what passes for "debate" on supposedly controversial subjects here.--Gene_poole 23:30, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Or maybe it's because most Wikipedians don't happen to live near Sydney or Knoxville. Gzornenplatz 23:35, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * I find it difficult to believe that a city of 4 million people has no Wiki editors in it apart from me. The fact remains, verification is easily publicly available to those who want it, and the until someone takes the effort of doing some actual research, blanket statements such as yours have no credibility whatsoever. If you are going to make definitive assertions such as "I doubt the real number [of members] is much higher than 50", then the burden of proof is on you to sustain that statement with evidence. If you elect not to do so, then you are in no position to present such assertions as though they are somehow factual. You have already proven that you have no real interest in verifying the truth on this matter, so I really have to question why it is you feel it necessary to continue posting disparaging comments here that are unsupported, and have no value. --Gene_poole 23:54, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Of course there are other Wiki editors in Sydney, but they may not be those who are interested in this article. All right, let's just believe your word then. Since you said you're more than happy to supply details, can you give us an exact figure of the current membership, and perhaps also some numbers on how it developed since 1981, and the names of your two co-founders? Gzornenplatz 00:18, Aug 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * The full names of my co-founders are noted in the appropriate section of our public website. I suggest you read it, and am surprised you've not already done so. The number of Citizens is very close to 850 - I can confirm the precise number at about 6pm Sydney time, which is when I will next have acess to the database. There are also a further approximately 60 applications in process, again I can confirm the precise number this evening. Most of our growth has occurred since 2000, which is when our newly launched internet presence began to come to the attention of the global media.--Gene_poole 01:20, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * 831 current, 56 in process.--Gene_poole 11:23, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. If someone insisted redirecting to Micronation instead I suppose I wouldn't object. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 18:58, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete nonnotable fantasy club. The self-promotion behind this article continues to be revolting.  Postdlf 05:18, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep based solely on the fact that this article has survived VfD twice in the last six months. On the article's merits alone, I don't think this particular micronation is notable enough for an article (sorry, Gene).  However, there really does need to be an official minimum length of time from surviving VfD until an article can be re-listed.  My personal standard is six months.  Although I would normally vote to delete this article, I must vote to keep on general principles.  SWAdair | Talk  08:07, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable enough to justify a serious article, IMO. Fire Star 16:04, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I agree with Fire Star's assessment. I will also add that just as Dan Quayle is no JFK, I can state that Atlantium is no Sealand, and friends, the author of this opinion is the King of TTF-Bucksfan, and TTF-Bucksfan had relations with Sealand in the past, even recognition as a micronation, so we knew Sealand quite well. Let me also add that at the bottom of the Crank.net page on Micronations, Atlantium is listed with the most usual distintion as the CRANKIEST nation on the Net. If TTF-Bucksfan doesn't deserve its own separate page even though one of its citizens is a former Italian Minister of parliament, even though it owns a 256-node IPv4 network, runs 8 alternate root top-level domains, a university, a professional news agency, and hosts the best website on the House of Savoy, then clearly Atlantium doesn't deserve one. Atlantium also lives largely outside the micronational community, yet its emperor acts like he's some sort of a specialist of the same. Many people in the micronational community are complaining just how POV that micronation page is, and the emperor of Atlantium is a frequent contributor/destroyer of work on the same. --IndigoGenius 19:52, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: I have to agree with SWAdair on this one.  No vote, but if this has already survived two attempts at VfD, I believe that it's unfair to put it up again, especially so soon.  I also get the impression that this was nominated out of spite. - Lucky 6.9 01:24, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * I VfD any micronation page on principle. If it is still active in ten years, ask me again. Denni ☯ 02:00, 2004 Aug 13 (UTC)
 * Keep - Arguments at past VfD votes moved me to vote keep on this. How many times will we shake the etch-a-sketch and hope for a different picture? -  Tεx  τ  urε  02:16, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. I didn't even bother reading its page -- IMO if it has survived the deletion process, then it has survived the deletion process and it's quite dishonest to try and delete it yet again and again and *again*. Aris Katsaris 02:47, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Stop the War on Micronations! (And Wikipedia's been going to "war" with a lot of them lately.) I reread the last deletion attempt to jog my memory and some of the claims made in the interest of deleting Atlantium were bogus. Wiwaxia 03:18, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete is this a serious country??? looks more like Fraud to me--Plato 22:21, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, let emperors Gene Poole and Belgsoc go and fight it out elsewhere. —Stormie 02:14, Aug 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neutrality 02:30, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Atlantium Delenda Est DS 15:36, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is silly. PBTim 18:52, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, but make clear it's about an micronation. -- till we ☼ ☽ | Talk 10:29, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Cribcage 13:55, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Deletepage, but DO keep a mention of Atlantium on a page describing micronations in general. (My suggestion of a compromise.) Rickyrab 20:57, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Rickyrab. - UtherSRG 20:36, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Sure it's stupid, but since when is that grounds for deletion? Wikisux 02:19, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's silly, yes, but I don't see what harm it's doing.  It's just some more information (that does perhaps need rewriting), but Wikipedia has more to worry about than the space that *one* page is taking up. Besides, shouldn't there be some sort of VfD double jeopardy system? Junkyardprince | Talk 07:28, 25 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep Pedant 17:59, 2004 Dec 7 (UTC)