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Larry Tee

Larry Tee (born October 12, 1959) is a Berlin-based DJ, club promoter, and music producer who curated the electroclash scene in New York in the early 2000s, and helped launch the careers of such artists as RuPaul, Scissor Sisters, Fischerspooner, Peaches, W.I.T., and Avenue D. He has written songs for and collaborated with Afrojack, Shontelle, Princess Superstar, Santigold, RuPaul, Sean Garrett, Steve Aoki, and Amanda Lepore.

In January 2014, he launched his clothing line TZUJI at London Fashion Week. TZUJI has since been worn by popular stars like Jimmy Fallon on The Tonight Show, Rihanna, Missy Elliott, and Sean Kingston; and sold in top stores like the Dover Street Market in New York and VFILES as well as in Los Angeles, London, Berlin, and Melbourne.

New York Press credited Tee as "a hipster before there were hipsters, a club kid before Michael Alig dismembered one, and a man who made Williamsburg cool again". The New York Times cites Larry's club in Williamsburg as one of the reasons Williamsburg "got its groove back." New York magazine celebrated Tee's role in making RuPaul a star in the 1990s.

Career
Tee was born to two Canadian-born citizens in Seattle, Washington. He grew up in Seattle and then Marietta, Georgia. In the early 1980s, he moved to Atlanta, where he became a part of the music scene and hung out with personalities such as RuPaul, Michael Stipe of R.E.M., Lady Bunny, and Lahoma Van Zandt at the Celebrity Club in Atlanta.

In 1986, Tee, along with RuPaul, Lady Bunny, and Lahoma Van Zandt, moved to New York City. Living with videographer Nelson Sullivan, Tee quickly became involved with the Club Kids scene with his epic party, Love Machine. He hosted nights at Michael Alig's infamous DISCO 2000, which is featured in the movie Party Monster (2003). He also DJed at the ROXY on a weekly basis.

During the 1990s, he became a prominent DJ by playing at highly regarded venues such as Palladium, the ROXY, and Twilo. In 1992, Tee co-wrote RuPaul's top 40-hit "Supermodel (You Better Work)".

In the early 2000s, while spinning at the Berliniamsburg party at the club Luxx, Tee trademarked the term "electroclash", which became so well known that it appeared in the Oxford Dictionary. He coordinated and managed the 2001 Electroclash Festival, which featured Scissor Sisters, Fischerspooner, and Peaches. He also created and managed the nouveau-music electro girl group W.I.T.

In 2007, he and Andy Bell released the single "Matthew", an homage to Matthew Shepard, who in 1998 was killed for being gay.

In 2009, Tee released the iTunes top 20 dance album Club Badd, featuring songs by Perez Hilton, Princess Superstar (the Licky single was later re-written by Sean Garrett of Beyoncé/Usher fame and re-recorded by Shontelle), Jeffree Star, Roxy Cottontail, Herve, Bart B More, and Christopher Just. Licky also appeared on the Steve Aoki mix album with Santogold rapping on it, and in the Russell Brand movie, "Get Him To the Greek". In 2010, Tee released the single "Let's Make Nasty" featuring Roxy Cottontail; it was re-released in the UK in 2011.

In 2010, Tee collaborated with celebrity blogger Perez Hilton and Amanda Lepore to produce Hilton's first music track. Tee has remixed artists including Sia, Iggy Azalea, Steve Aoki, REM, Lady Gaga, Roisin Murphy, Kele of Bloc Party, and Cher.

In 2011, Tee moved to Shoreditch, London. He runs a weekly night in east London called Super Electric Party Machine at East Bloc every Friday Night, and XOYO, which has featured artists like Charli XCX, Brooke Candy, AME from Duke Dumonts #1 smash, Le1f, Ssion, and 2 Bears' Rolf.

In June 2015, Tee moved to Berlin to run TZUJI from Germany and run KRANK parties in Berlin. TZUJI has since been featured on shows such as The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, X Factor, and similar shows in several countries. The brand is associated with such entertainers as Rhianna, Missy Elliott, and Sean Kingston, and is sold in such shops as La Petite Mort and the Dover Street Market in New York, V Files, Asos Marketplace, Flasher (on Melrose, in Los Angeles), Borderline Apparel (in London), and Chaos-Labs (in Berlin).

In 2020, Tee launched the Fashertainment Inc website for forthcoming reality TV project of the same name.

title: Larry Tee


text:
Talk:Hemispherical combustion chamber

Archives of past discussion
Archive 1

Cars
Wich car models used the hemi engine?

French hemi?
I recall reading (somewhere...) of a French-built, Chrysler-designed hemi, around 130ci, intended for armored cars or something in France in the '40s, being sold in SAm (Brazil?) into the '70s... Can anybody substantiate? TREKphiler  hit me ♠  02:48, 7 February 2009 (UTC)

Factually inaccurate disaster
Why all the pent-roof content? A pent-roof combustion chamber is by definition NOT hemispherical. And ironically, Aston Martin engines that actually do have hemispherical combustion chambers aren't mentioned at all. Benefits/drawbacks is incomplete, "Supersession in modern engines" is flawed, many historically/technologically significant hemi engines aren't mentioned, the Lotus section doesn't actually say anything about Lotus's engines, Alfa's 4-cyl hemi (second only to the Jag engine for longevity of production, 1953-1993) isn't mentioned, and the Porsche section erroneously claims that recent 911s utilized hemispherical combustion chambers! And why do these Mitsubishi engines warrant inclusion (has anyone verified that they actually have hemispherical combustion chambers?) when inexpensive 4-cyl pushrod hemis from Renault and Toyota (both of which are arguably of more historical/technological significance on account of racing victories) are omitted? Good grief. Jelliott4 (talk) 15:10, 14 November 2010 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your suggestion. When you believe an article needs improvement, please feel free to make those changes. Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone can edit almost any article by simply following the  link at the top. The Wikipedia community encourages you to be bold in updating pages. Don't worry too much about making honest mistakes—they're likely to be found and corrected quickly. If you're not sure how editing works, check out how to edit a page, or use the sandbox to try out your editing skills.  New contributors are always welcome. You don't even need to log in (although there are many reasons why you might want to). Wikipedia has this cool idea...if you see a problem, fix it.  As to pentroof chambers being hemis or not;  when Mopar was developing its DOHC "hemi", it called the four valve pentroofed heads "hemi pentroof" chambers (according to a 1967 "Mopar Muscle" article)

 * I did find some time to make a couple such minor improvements in June 2012, but it appears that they were promptly undone by people who preferred the less accurate prior versions. (This is sort of what I suspected might happen if I went ahead and started investing time in improving this article without running it by the ′Talk′ page first...)  Jelliott4 (talk) 00:14, 28 October 2014 (UTC)

 * I don't know that a sentence and a picture is all that much content. And it shows the evolution of the hemi chamber.  A pentroof is a cross-flow head, just like a hemi and the only reason it isn't a true hemispherical combustion chamber is because it has 4 flat-headed valves in each ""corner"".

 * It could be said of any cross-flow combustion chamber design that ″the only reason it isn't a true hemispherical combustion chamber is because [insert distinguishing characteristics here].″ So what?  I don't understand the apparent desire to confuse the meaning of a technical term like this.  If you're going to stray from the long-established and very specific meaning of such a term, the term loses essentially all technical value; why maintain an encyclopedia entry at all?  Jelliott4 (talk) 00:14, 28 October 2014 (UTC)

 * If you think benefits/drawbacks is incomplete, complete it to your satisfaction. Same goes for fleshing out the Lotus, Alfa and any other manufacturers you may want to add to the list.

 * The ′Benefits and drawbacks′ section does appear to have been substantially improved over the last two years. That said, I'd still be inclined to remove much of the second paragraph (since it erroneously discusses drawbacks associated with large valves in general [i.e. in no way inherent to hemispherical combustion chambers]) and the entire fourth paragraph (since it erroneously discusses drawbacks associated with adapting a pushrod valvetrain to work with hemispherical combustion chamber design [i.e. in no way inherent to hemispherical combustion chambers]).  But if I went ahead and did any of that today, I wouldn't have much confidence that my revisions wouldn't be undone tomorrow.  Jelliott4 (talk) 00:14, 28 October 2014 (UTC)

 * I believe the concept here is for everyone to add their bit. It sounds like you have some bits to add, so go to it.Marshmallowbunnywabbit (talk) 01:03, 30 November 2010 (UTC)

"Today,"hemi" is more of a trademark than a description of a combustion chamber." It's either a trademark, or it's not. Let's not use the term 'trademark', which has a particular legal meaning, to mean 'characteristic term'. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.189.106.4 (talk) 17:36, 15 June 2012 (UTC)

 * It's true that Chrysler has somehow registered ″Hemi″ as a trademark in the USA, despite the fact that this clearly contravenes the legal prohibitions on the registration of descriptive and/or generic terms as trademarks. That they got away with it was probably just a matter of no one objecting (note that other car manufacturers have typically not made a big marketing deal out of the shape of their combustion chambers); if I were an intellectual property attorney with time on my hands, I suspect I could get Chrysler's trademark registration thrown out under section 706.01 of the USPTO's Trademark Manual of Examinging Procedure.  But I'm not an attorney, I'm a mechanical engineer, so I'll just refer you to Trademark distinctiveness to draw your own conclusions.  (And I would love to see a section of this article dedicated to Chrysler's spurious trademark of ″Hemi,″ but I'm really not the one to write it.)  Never mind that the current crop of Chrysler ″Hemi″ engines arguably aren't hemis at all, since their combustion chamber design is only slightly concave...  Jelliott4 (talk) 00:14, 28 October 2014 (UTC)

Possible improve to lead section
I am not knowledgeable enough about this subject to write about it, but I would like to suggest how the lead section could be improved. I think that is should mention what the hemi design is an alternative to. It should also explain if it is a relatively uncommon design; maybe something like "In 2012 hemi engines were used in only 2% of new cars". Some of these things may be covered in more detail later on in the article, but I think the lead should provide some basic context for the casual reader. ike9898 (talk) 15:38, 23 July 2012 (UTC)

Benefits and drawbacks improvements
As the Hemi is talking about a specific type of engine which is used in specific cars and advertised as a recognizable name, I expected the benefits and drawbacks section to discuss the benefits and drawbacks of the hemisphere design compared to other, more conventional designs. Instead, it only talks about the pros and cons of variants on the engine, with a slight section talking about weight and how they have fallen out of favor. However, the new Dodge Durango is advertised as having a HEMI option so it still seems to have some favor.
 * Whoever wrote the Benefits and Drawbacks section studied English as a 47th language. I'd clean it up, but I have no idea what meaning it intends to convey. --76.21.157.203 (talk) 19:00, 27 September 2014 (UTC)
 * if a hemispherical combustion chamber can't have four vpc then the examples cited such as the 1912 GP Peugeot can't have had hemispeherical combustion chambers. Either than or there CAN be 4-valve hemispherical combustion chambers, coz they can't both be right. Mr Larrington (talk) 12:53, 13 October 2014 (UTC)

 * Well, strictly speaking, you could develop a true 4-valve hemi, but (to my knowledge) no one has done so (due to the valvetrain complexity that would be required). The 4-valve examples cited in the ′History′ section do not have hemispherical combustion chambers, and their inclusion there is egregiously misleading—but it looks like last time someone tried to correct that, their correction was almost immediately undone.  Jelliott4 (talk) 00:14, 28 October 2014 (UTC)

Requested move 20 May 2015

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved. Number   5  7  17:57, 21 June 2015 (UTC)

Hemi engine → Hemispherical combustion chamber – This is what the article is about. "Hemispherical combustion chamber" would be a more accurate and more general title, while remaining perfectly understandable. Hemi is a Chrysler trademark and closely associated with Chrysler engines; hemispherical combustion chamber engines were used a wealth of different manufacturers. --Relisted. George Ho (talk) 05:52, 30 May 2015 (UTC) Cloverleaf II (talk) 11:58, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep at current page. Hemi engine is the common name. That some one owns a trademark on the name is not sufficient reason for a move. Google books search for Hemi engine: About 27,500 results, Google books search for Hemispherical combustion chamber: About 16,800 results. Spshu (talk) 13:38, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * You've proved my point! Almost all of these books (Google books search for Hemi engine) are about the Chrysler Hemi engine, not hemispherical combustion chamber engines. That demonstrates "Hemi engine" is the common name of a Chrysler V8, not that it is the common name of the technology discussed in this article. —Cloverleaf II (talk) 16:58, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * No, I do not. The first book [How to Build Max-Performance Hemi Engines indicates on page 9 that he uses "hemi" as the generic term and "Hemi" when refering to Chrysler's. Hemi Muscle refers to "Hemi clone cars" on page 11. Chrysler originally used Firepower name in 1950's for Hemi engine (Hemi Muscle] (Page 9). Other early books are Chrysler manuals. --[[User:Spshu|Spshu]] (talk) 19:51, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * Books (and some newspapers) that use the word this way exist, but aren't they outnumbered more than 10 to one by those that use Hemi for Chrysler and hemispherical for other brands? When I search books for "hemispherical head engine" I get book after book about non-Chrysler engines, but search for "Hemi engine" and it's Chrysler, Chrysler, Chrysler, with only one or two exceptions. --Dennis Bratland (talk) 20:04, 20 May 2015 (UTC)

 * Move Hemi engine should redirect to Chrysler Hemi engine (or vice versa). The shorthand "Hemi" refers to Chrysler's engine. A general article about all hemispherical combustion chamber engines needs a different title. "Hemi" is not the common name of all such engines, only the Chryslers. It's true that sometimes the term is used figuratively, as a synecdoche: someone will say the name of Chrysler's engine, "Hemi", intending it to stand for all such engines, like saying "a Coke" to refer to any soft drink. But we shouldn't use such imprecise figures of speech in article titles. --Dennis Bratland (talk) 17:46, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * Comment: however that is precisely how WP handles article titles per Official names and common name, as it is Bill Clinton not William Jefferson Clinton, as it is how people would search for the info. Redirects can be used for official names or other common names (using the most common). Chysler's engine could just be a section at Hemi engine. Spshu (talk) 19:32, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry, but I can't follow your reasoning at all. If your argument were inverted, then it would make sense to me. Bill Clinton is not relevant because nobody ever refers to ex-presidents as Bill Clintons. They do refer to Pepsi, Sprite and Coke as Cokes, but that figurative use would break the encyclopedia badly. Maybe someone else can read what you're saying and explain it to me. --Dennis Bratland (talk) 19:46, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * In other words you don't know what your reason is for moving as I followed your reasoning: "But we shouldn't use such imprecise figures of speech in article titles." Bill Clinton is not precise as it isn't his official name (William Jefferson Clinton) and as there are other Bill/William Clintons. You are mixing "ex-president" with "Bill Clinton". Spshu (talk) 21:23, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
 * Nope, but I can see there is a great deal of misunderstanding here. Bill Clinton simply isn't a relevant example. You're saying we should redirect Coke to Soft drink or Xerox to Photocopier. At least in those case you could at least show a substantial number of uses of the words that way. In the case of Hemi, the overwhelming majority refer only to Chrysler engines, so there is even less reason to to use the genericized trademark as a a title of a generic article. The next best alternative to the move proposal here would be to make Hemi engine a dab page, similar to Coke. --Dennis Bratland (talk) 21:33, 20 May 2015 (UTC)

 * Support. I'm getting 18,100 Google Books hits for "hemispherical combustion chamber" compared to 4840 for "hemi engine". The latter does appear to be closely associated with the Chrysler Hemi engine, which has its own article.--Cúchullain t/ c 14:53, 9 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Support move - At this time, "Hemi" means Chrysler, and doesn't reflect the technology itself. Make this a redirect, put a hat note on the Chrysler Hemi article pointing to the full, proper name.  Dennis Brown - 2¢ 00:53, 14 June 2015 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

2 valve - 4 valve innacuracy
The article states that the design of a hemispherical combustion chamber only allows 2 valves per chamber, but in the history there is mention of a 4 valve engine.

One of these statements is inaccurate. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.121.72.11 (talk) 18:50, 1 June 2015 (UTC)

The BMW Apfelbeck [] engine was a 4 valve hemispherical engine. Certainly 2 valves are easier but 4 vales can be done (with great effort). My German doesn't exist but the engine is mentioned on the German hemi page []. I suspect there are others but most would be 2 valve engines. I think many SOHC and DOHC 2 valve motors were also hemi in shape. Ironically the current HEMI V8 does not have a hemispherical combustion chamber. Springee (talk) 03:28, 28 July 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Aircraft?
Why are only autos mentioned here? Hemis have been used in recip aircraft emgines almost from day one. They are essential for high power to weight. Also, all motorcycles use a hemi or pentroof (derivation.) Harley since 1937; almost all makes at least since the 'thirties. Indian was only notable exception. Harley stopped producing flatheads in what 1964 I believe. Also Boats. Many use Hemis in 4 stroke applications--PT boats used 3 V12 Allison aircraft engines, again,  hemis. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 184.99.135.215 (talk) 13:53, 26 April 2017 (UTC)

A Simca plan
Why aren't the 136ci Brazilian SIMCA hemis (based on the flatty) mentioned? TREKphiler any time you're ready, Uhura  05:25, 11 December 2017 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Hemispherical combustion chamber


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tod H. Mikuriya, M.D.

Tod H. Mikuriya, M.D. was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was to keep the article.

Vanity. His book is self-published. RickK 04:39, Aug 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep and rewrite. Google turns up over 900 hits. He has apparently been published in medical journals, although nothing first-tier. I think he has had enough influence to at least warrant a small article. --Slowking Man 06:10, Aug 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, just barely The Marijuana Medical Papers is very well-known and IMHO is notable. But this seems to be the only thing he's done that rises to encyclopedic level. If redirects to sections worked, I'd suggest a redirect to our article on Medical_marijuana which mentions him and his book. Details:
 * The Marijuana Medical Papers is well-known. It is still in print. The title and author of the current edition is "Marijuana Medical Handbook: A Guide to Therapeutic Use by Ed Rosenthal, Tod Mikuriya, Dale Gieringer", [ISBN 0932551165]. Amazon sales rank is 143,158. I recently suggested that one crude criterion for a book's notability is that the Amazon sales rank exceed 50% of the Wikipedia article count; this passes. Mikuriya and his book are mentioned in our article on Medical Marijuana and a very quick check of the history shows the mention has been in there at least since Nov. 2003, i.e. it wasn't just added.
 * The article is similar to http://home.carolina.rr.com/bbsnews/drtod.htm but I do not believe it is a copyvio. I think I've fixed that, anyway. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 12:21, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The article is way too much like a CV or Who's Who-style capsule biography.
 * From the standpoint of encyclopedic notability, I think his authorship of The Medical Marijuana Papers is the only really notable thing he's done to date. If you remove all the things that don't belong and rewrite to remove peacock words, promotion, and POV I end up with something like this:
 * Tod H. Mikuriya (b. 1933 Pennsylvania) is a psychiatrist who directed non-classified marijuana research for the National Institute of Mental Health Center for Narcotics and Drug Abuse Studies. His 1972 self-published book, Marijuana Medical Papers 1839-1972 became a landmark in the modern movement for the legalization of Medical marijuana. As of 2004 He continues in private psychiatric practice.
 * This is enough for an article, but just barely. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 11:37, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Seems odd that I couldn't find his exact birth date quickly... [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 11:37, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * What the heck, I'm doing the rewrite. There's a little more. He has his own website. The fact that it isn't mentioned in the article strongly suggests that who ever wrote it was not acting out of vanity or promotional motives—or was unusually restrained. He's written some not-very-good vaguely-leftish folk-song-like song lyrics! http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/hemp/songs95.htm I wonder if we can trust that site's attributions? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 11:37, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually, this guy seems very notable, at least in California. Seems to be a conspicuous and outspoken advocate of legalization of medical marijuana, who's approved marijuana for thousands of patients and was in a big legal flap last year and in danger of losing his license. I can't find out how the story turned out--Boston Globe subscribers are supposed to have links to the Globe archives but the service is currently down, and I don't know if it was notable enough for the Globe. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 12:21, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep, barely: I agree that he has web notice, but I also note that many of the web hits are marijuana sites repeating each other.  However, as a mover and shaker in the movement, he is notable, and as a campaigner, he qualifies.  If we are having protracted debates on folks whose notability is "organizing" 50 other people as anarchists and agreeing to keep socialist papers with circulations in the dozens, then being a mighty big wheel in the medical marijuana community qualifies as notable.  I would like to see knowledgeable editors rewrite and clean somewhat, so listing on Clean Up would be no bad thing. Geogre 12:51, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Weak keep Cutler 14:02, Aug 8, 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Spleeman 20:26, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * keep. Arevich 19:01, 9 Aug 2004 (UTC)


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Daniel Keyes

Daniel Keyes (August 9, 1927 – June 15, 2014) was an American writer who wrote the novel Flowers for Algernon. Keyes was given the Author Emeritus honor by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America in 2000.

Early life and career
Keyes was born in New York City, New York. His family was Jewish. He attended New York University briefly before joining the United States Maritime Service at 17, working as a ship's purser on oil tankers. Afterward he returned to New York and in 1950 received a bachelor's degree in psychology from Brooklyn College.

A month after graduation, Keyes joined publisher Martin Goodman's magazine company, Magazine Management. He eventually became an editor of their pulp magazine Marvel Science Stories (cover-dated Nov. 1950 – May 1952) after editor Robert O. Erisman, and began writing for the company's comic-book lines Atlas Comics, the 1950s precursors of Marvel Comics. After Goodman ceased publishing pulps in favor of paperback books and men's adventure magazines, Keyes became an associate editor of Atlas under editor-in-chief and art director Stan Lee. Circa 1952, Keyes was one of several staff writers, officially titled editors, who wrote for such horror and science fiction comics as Journey into Unknown Worlds, for which Keyes wrote two stories with artist Basil Wolverton.

As Keyes recalled, Goodman offered him a job under Lee after Marvel Science Stories ceased publication:

"Since my $17.25-a-month rent was almost due, I accepted what I considered a detour on my journey toward a literary career. Stan Lee ... let his editors deal with the scriptwriters, cartoonists, and lettering crew. Writers turned in plot synopses, Stan read them, and as a matter of course, would accept one or two from each of the regulars he referred to as his "stable." As one of his front men, I would pass along comments and criticism. ... Because of my experience editing Marvel and because I'd sold a few science fiction stories by then, Stan allowed me to specialize in the horror, fantasy, suspense, and science fiction comic books. Naturally, I began submitting story ideas, getting freelance assignment, and supplementing my salary by writing scripts on my own time."

One story idea Keyes wrote but did not submit to Lee was called "Brainstorm", the paragraph-long synopsis that would evolve into Flowers for Algernon. It begins: "The first guy in the test to raise the I.Q. from a low normal 90 to genius level ... He goes through the experience and then is thrown back to what was." Keyes recalled, "something told me it should be more than a comic book script."

From 1955 to 1956, Keyes wrote for EC Comics, including its titles Shock Illustrated and Confessions Illustrated, under both his own name and the pseudonyms Kris Daniels and A.D. Locke.

Flowers for Algernon
The short story and subsequent novel, Flowers for Algernon, is written as progress reports of a mentally disabled man, Charlie, who undergoes experimental surgery and briefly becomes a genius before the effects tragically wear off. The story was initially published in the April 1959 issue of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction and the expanded novel in 1966. The novel has been adapted several times for other media, most prominently as the 1968 film Charly, starring Cliff Robertson (who won an Academy Award for Best Actor) and Claire Bloom. Keyes also won the Hugo Award in 1959 and the Nebula Award in 1966 for the story.

The inspiration for Flowers for Algernon came from Keyes's experiences as a teacher. When he was teaching at a high school, he taught both mentally gifted and challenged students. One particular experience with a boy in his mentally challenged class sparked the inspiration to begin writing Flowers for Algernon. He was wondering what would happen if it was possible for a person to gain intelligence.

Later career
Keyes taught creative writing at Wayne State University, and in 1966 he became an English and creative writing professor at Ohio University, in Athens, Ohio, where he was honored as a professor emeritus in 2000.

Death
Keyes died at his home in Boca Raton on June 15, 2014, due to complications from pneumonia. His wife Aurea Georgina Vazquez, whom he married in 1952, had died on May 14, 2013. They had two daughters.

Won

 * 1960: Hugo Award for the story "Flowers for Algernon"
 * 1966: Nebula Award for the novel Flowers for Algernon
 * 1986: Kurd Lasswitz Award for The Minds of Billy Milligan
 * 1993: Seiun Award (Non-Fiction of the Year) for The Minds of Billy Milligan
 * 2000: Author Emeritus Award from Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America
 * 2014: Life Time Award

Nominated

 * 1967: Hugo Award for the novel Flowers for Algernon
 * 1982: Edgar Award for Best Fact Crime for The Minds of Billy Milligan
 * 1987: Edgar Award for the American Association of Mystery Writers for Unveiling Claudia

Novels

 * Flowers for Algernon (novel, 1966) adapted for cinema as Charly, 1968, and as Flowers for Algernon, 2000
 * The Touch (1968; re-edited and published as The Contaminated Man, 1977)
 * The Fifth Sally (1980)
 * The Minds of Billy Milligan (1981)
 * Unveiling Claudia (1986)
 * The Milligan Wars: A True-Story Sequel (Japan, 1994)
 * Until Death (1998)
 * The Asylum Prophecies (2009)

Short fiction

 * Collections
 * Daniel Keyes Collected Stories (Japan, 1993)
 * Stories

title: Daniel Keyes


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Jeepney

A jeepney, or simply a jeep , is a type of public utility vehicle (PUV) that serves as the most popular means of public transportation in the Philippines. It is known for its crowded seating and kitsch decorations, which have become a widespread symbol of Philippine culture and art. At the 1964 New York World's Fair, a Sarao jeepney was exhibited in the Philippine pavilion as a national symbol for Filipinos.

Jeepneys originate from the American colonial period–share taxis known as "auto calesas", commonly shortened to "AC". These evolved to modified imported cars with attached carriages in the 1930s which served as a cheap passenger utility vehicles in Manila. These vehicles were mostly destroyed in World War II. The need for replacement transport vehicles led to the use of U.S. military jeeps left over from the war, which became the template for the modern jeepney. The word jeepney is a portmanteau of post–World War II "jeep" and pre-war "jitney", both words common slang in the popular vernacular of the era.

An estimated 600,000 drivers nationwide depend on driving jeepneys for their livelihood. In Metro Manila, an estimated 9 million commuters take the jeepney each day.

History

From the American colonial period up to shortly after World War II, jeepneys were known as "auto calesa" (or "AC" for short), named after the horse-drawn calesas of Manila, or simply "jitney" or "baby bus." The term "auto calesa" was first attested in 1910, and originally referred to relatively cheap imported cars that were used as share taxis by local drivers for ₱2 an hour. The first automobile to be modified for seating more passengers was introduced in 1932 by a Filipino entrepreneur, using cheap imported German DKW vehicles with side-entry carriages attached. These were operated by the DKW-AC Company.

By the mid-1930s, Emil Bachrach, a Russian American Jewish entrepreneur in the Philippines (who also owned the Ford Motor Co. franchise in the Philippines, as well as Manila's first bus company), started the Bachrach Motor Company (BMC). They began manufacturing similar vehicles known as the BMC-AC. Unlike the DKW-ACs, they had a back-entry carriage style (similar to the carretela-type calesa) that was joined seamlessly with the chassis. It seated two people on each side. The automobiles used were cheap imported British Austin 7s and later on, American Bantams, both of which are the direct precursors of the Jeep. They later expanded to seat eight to ten people but were still much shorter than modern jeepneys. Most of these vehicles were destroyed in World War II.

When American troops began to leave the Philippines at the end of World War II, hundreds of surplus Jeeps were sold or given to the Filipinos. An American soldier named Harry Stonehill was involved in the disposal of military surplus, and reportedly created a black market for the surplus including jeeps.

The Jeeps were stripped down and altered locally: metal roofs were added for shade, and the vehicles were decorated in vibrant colours with chrome-plated ornaments on the sides and hood. The back part was reconfigured with two long parallel benches with passengers facing each other to accommodate more passengers. The size, length, and passenger capacity have increased as it evolved through the years. In assembly-built jeepneys (notably, those built by Sarao Motors and Francisco Motors), the passenger capacity reached a maximum of fourteen to eighteen (including two up front). These high-capacity jeepneys were the first versions to be referred to as "Public Utility Jeepneys" (PUJ) or "passenger-type" jeeps. The non-extended, original-seat configuration jeeps were labeled "owners", short for "owner-type" jeeps, and are used non-commercially. To distinguish it from those used as public transportation, the term "owner" is used. The original jeepneys were refurbished military Jeeps by Willys and Ford. Modern jeepneys are now produced with engines and other parts from Japan or South Korea.

The jeepney rapidly emerged as a popular and creative way to re-establish inexpensive public transportation, much of which had been destroyed during World War II. Recognizing the widespread use of these vehicles, the Philippine government began to regulate their use. Drivers now must have special driver's licenses. Routes are regulated and prices are fixed fares. Illegal (unfranchised) operators are referred to as "colorum" operations.

Jeepneys have been reported to be exported to Papua New Guinea to replace buses and vans that are too costly to import. 4,000 jeepneys were exported to Papua New Guinea in 2004 with considerations to export them to Guam, India and Vietnam.

Recently, the jeepney industry has faced threats to its survival. Most of the larger builders have gone bankrupt or have switched to manufacturing other products, with the smaller builders forced to go out of business. Jeepney drivers also face rising cost of living and rising cost of diesel fuel due to government deregulation of oil prices. A 2017 study published in a Metro Manila newspaper compared the fuel use of a 16-passenger jeepney to a 54-passenger air-conditioned bus and found that the fuel consumption for both was the same, while no data was given for private vehicles.

The planned construction of bus rapid transit (BRT) systems in Manila and Cebu might lead to the removal of jeepneys.

During the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, public buses and jeepneys were subject to strict lockdown measures that affected the livelihoods of those in the transport sector. Jeepney drivers struggled with the effects of lockdowns and other disease containment measures. In 2020, jeepney drivers filed a case with the Supreme Court against the government's COVID-19 policies, which they argue were prejudicial to their livelihood and deprived them of income to provide for their families.

Fleet modernization
In 2016, the Department of Transportation (Philippines) imposed an age limit on jeepneys of 15 years, with older jeepneys starting to be phased out. Many jeepney operators oppose the phase-out, and George San Mateo, leader of the "No to Jeepney Phaseout" Coalition, called the modernization program "corrupt". Leyte Representative Martin Romualdez urged the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) to drop its jeepney modernization program. As part of the PUV modernization program all new and existing vehicles must be fitted with a tap card system which allows commuters to pay for their trip. After multiple failed attempts at implementation and crippling technical issues surrounding the existing Beep Card many of the proposed systems were rejected by the Department of Transportation (DOTr).

Design

Body designs of jeepneys vary by region. Some are plainly colored, while others can use massive variety. They either use sheet metal or stainless steel as body panels. Some jeepneys can be decorated with stickers or spray paint, with designs consisting of caricatures, illustrations, or pictures inspired by popular cultures, such as actors and actresses, cartoons, animes, comics, games, or movie characters, abstract designs and lines, religious icons, and others.

In the central island of Cebu, the bulk of jeepneys are built from second-hand Japanese trucks, originally intended for cargo. These are euphemistically known as "surplus trucks". Popular jeepney manufacturers in Cebu are Chariot and RDAK, known for its "flat-nosed" jeepneys made from surplus Suzuki Carry (also known as multicab) and Isuzu Elf trucks, which are no longer in use in Japan owing to road tax and obsolescence in their country of origin. These are equipped with high-powered sound systems, and racing themes, and are said to be bigger and taller than those in Manila.

In Bulacan, particularly in the city of Malolos, shorter extended "owner" jeeps called "Karatig" are used for short-distance, inter-city transportation. The size varies, with approximately 3 meters of passenger space which is longer than and can seat at least twice as many passengers as private-use "owner" jeeps. The "Karatigs" are less ergonomic and fuel-efficient compared to the more standard-size public utility jeeps dominating the rest of the country. Despite this awkward size, "Karatig" jeeps' unique and even "cute" size has become an icon contributing to the culture and experience of Bulacan public transportation.

Nelson-type jeepneys are manufactured in Davao City and are known there as "uso-uso". The designs of these jeepneys are very different from the traditional style. These jeepneys feature modern front grille and body designs, lowered ride height, and industrial-quality paint jobs. Newer models of Nelson-type jeepneys feature chrome wheels, equipped with radial tubeless tires. They are almost always equipped with a powerful stereo system, so they are often referred to as "mobile discos."

Many manufacturers are moving to build modern-looking jeepneys such as Hummer and Jeep Wrangler Rubicon lookalikes and oversized van-style passenger jeepneys with headlights, hoods, bumpers and other components salvaged from AUVs and sport utility vehicles like the Honda CR-V or the Toyota Tamaraw. In Iloilo City, jeepneys called passad are known for bearing a resemblance to sedans or pickup trucks, with the front fascia taken off an existing SUV or AUV. The vehicle's body has a much lower profile which resembles more of a sedan chassis with an elongated body.

In the Cordillera Administrative Region, especially in Baguio City and Benguet province, they have jeeps fitted with truck wheels, or jeeps based on a heavy truck platform, frame, and engine. The same goes for other parts of the Philippines with unpaved roads.

2nd-generation jeepneys

Fully assembled with refurbished engines, some also have air-conditioning units, which are popular in Makati. Most of these jeepneys have radically expanded passenger capacities, and are often flamboyant and noisy. Many jeepneys from this generation run on diesel fuel, though very rarely with gasoline and LPG.

Passenger jeepneys from this generation and beyond may employ tailgates especially if they traverse expressways. These are usually rigged mechanically to be controlled from the driver's side in lieu of electronic locking systems.

3rd-generation jeepneys

Two kinds of 3rd-generation jeepneys have surfaced over the years: Modernized jeepneys and truck-and-van-based jeepneys.

Modernized jeepneys are manufactured using new engine components and are built with air-conditioning, particularly with recent Euro 4 engine standards imposed in the country. Though some keep the traditional body of the contemporary jeepney, many of these closely resemble a minibus. Their doors may be situated at the side, or at the front, with doors functioning like that of an actual bus.

Cab/chassis variants of jeepneys are based on pick-up trucks and van platforms wherein local coachbuilders assemble rear bodies for passenger and cargo hauling purposes. Their doors are situated at the back as a tailgate and usually have parallel bench seats that can be lifted for more cargo space and air conditioning that may be standard or optional to some car manufacturers. These kind of vehicles are referred to as FB-type vans.

Early examples of the modern type of jeepney include the Toyota Tamaraw, Ford Fiera, and the Mitsubishi Cimmaron (Which predates the Tamaraw and Fiera by a whole decade, introduced as far back as 1961) which had parallel benches offered standard by their respective manufacturers. They were introduced back in the 1970s and were an alternative to the aging jeepney. Modern examples include the pick-up based Toyota Hilux, ISUZU IPV and Mitsubishi L200 to the van-based Hyundai H100, Mitsubishi L300, Kia K-2500 Karga, Isuzu Traviz and even truck-based Mitsubishi Fuso Canter, Hino Dutro and Isuzu N-Series to name a few.

Although they are often seen as commercial van rather than actual jeepneys, they are popularly used as school buses, delivery vehicles, and other modes of public transportation, mainly UV Express, though used sparingly in comparison to actual commercial vans such as the Toyota HiAce or the Nissan Urvan.

Modern jeepneys

Modern jeepneys are an updated version of the third-generation models, featuring additional regulatory standards. These include standardized seating, increased vehicle height, CCTV, fare collection systems (both traditional and Beep), speed limiters, GPS, and Wi-Fi. Typically, brand-new jeepneys of this generation are issued to transport cooperatives and are manufactured by major vehicle producers. However, some modern jeepneys are also built by coachbuilders, provided they adhere to the specified standards. Many modern jeepneys resemble truck vans in design and aesthetics, often featuring a hoodless front due to their industrial manufacturing process. This design choice makes them look more like buses than traditional jeepneys.

There are at least 3 classifications categorized by manufacturers, Class 1 is based on vans or microvans chassis cabs. Like 3rd-generation jeepneys, they have rear bodies made by coachbuilders, but the only difference is that they are taller in height and their passenger doors are now situated on the side. Classes 2 and 3 are based on medium-duty trucks (Often converted to a bus) or an actual minibus.

Class 1 and 2 PUVs have their seating configuration facing sidewards while Class 3 are front-facing seat configuration. For truck vans and minibuses, vehicle manufacturers/coachbuilders can sometimes offer both Class 2 and Class 3 configurations on their models.

E-jeepneys

Local automobile parts manufacturers are now planning the production of electric jeepneys. Electric jeepneys are now widely deployed in several parts of Metro Manila and in some provinces, either as a staple transportation that completely replaces conventional jeepneys or as a service vehicle. The deployments were in response to calls for reduced greenhouse gas emissions and the fluctuations in oil prices. E-jeepneys have come into the economic question as the average cost per kWh of electricity in the Philippines is unsustainable for owner-operators. However, considering the uncertainty in diesel prices, e-jeepneys seem more economical in the long run compared to diesel-fueled jeepneys.

In early 2023, the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board assured the public that the modernization program could retain the traditional jeepney's iconic look. Amid the proliferation of air-conditioned minibuses, often called "modern jeepneys", local companies such as Francisco Motor Corp. plan to modernize jeepneys while keeping the jeepney's traditional design intact.

Advantages and disadvantages
The jeepney is the cheapest way to commute in the Philippines. Because of its open rear door design, picking up and dropping off is easy for both passengers and drivers, they can stop anywhere unlike buses. But also because of this convenience, some jeepney drivers are a source of traffic congestion by indiscriminately loading and unloading passengers in the middle of the street, blocking traffic and risking the safety of some passengers. Some drivers engage in practices such as jostling over passengers, blocking other jeepneys to get passengers in the middle of the lane and trip-cutting (not completing the route, dropping off passengers if there are less than three to return to the jeepney stand and wait for a new set of passengers as it is not profitable for them to continue the route). Hence, some people are requesting that this mode of transportation be phased out.

Some jeepneys have distorted subframes and poor emissions.

In response to the cons of the jeepneys, a modernization program has been launched. Newly manufactured jeepneys, such as e-jeepneys and modernized diesel jeepneys, are required to have at least a Euro 4-compliant engine or an electric engine and must contain safety features like speed limiters, accessibility features like ramps and seatbelts, closed-circuit television cameras, Wi-Fi and USB ports, GPS, and a dashboard camera. Motor manufacturers such as Toyota (and their truck subsidiary Hino), Mitsubishi (and their truck subsidiary Fuso), Isuzu, Hyundai, and even some Chinese truck brands such as Foton presented their own prototypes of the modernized jeepneys.

Flying LuftCar super-jeepney
In 2024, LuftCar signed a Memorandum of understanding with eFrancisco Motor Corporation in the Philippines, to develop, integrate, deploy, brand and market a series of Pinoy flying LuftCar super-jeepney (hydrogen Jeepney van eVTOL built around eFrancisco's vehicle chassis for island hopping).

In popular culture

 * When season 5 of the American reality TV show The Amazing Race came to the Philippines in 2004, a segment of jeepney manufacturing was one of the tasks part of the eleventh leg. The episode, which was broadcast the same year, was shot at the Malagueña Motors factory.
 * A BBC television program in 2011 called Toughest Place to be a … Bus Driver, a London bus driver goes to Manila and has to experience driving a jeepney around the busy streets of the city.
 * In the first season of the Canadian reality TV show Don't Drive Here in 2014, host Andrew Younghusband traveled to Manila with the goal of safely driving a jeepney through Manila as his final day challenge for the trip. After driving nearly 2/3rds of his 15 km route through Manila, he failed the challenge after accidentally switching the ignition off with his knee whilst in an intersection, and having the light turn red as he restarted the engine and proceeded forward (thus running the red light).
 * In honor of the 2019 Asia Challenge being hosted in Manila, Tamiya released a special edition Mini 4WD kit called the "Dyipne."
 * In 2020, Hot Wheels released a new casting called the "Road Bandit", which is based on the jeepney.
 * In April 2022, Toro Y Moi released his seventh studio album, MAHAL with the cover featuring a custom-built (working) jeepney in front of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco's Bay Area.
 * One of the host city logos for the 2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup, in particular the Manila host city logo, features a jeepney.
 * In the BBC series Full Circle with Michael Palin, the host drives a jeepney while in the Philippines.
 * The cable channel, Jeepney TV, is named after this vehicle.

title: Jeepney


text:
Talk:Jack O'Neill

Ribbons/Awards
Not only has Jack received the Purple Heart, he has also received the Medal of Honor (Secrets), possibly more than once. Prior to the change in 2 August 2006, Air Force officers were allowed to wear some, all, or none of their ribbons, meaning Jack could have chosen not to wear the ribbons for those particular awards. After the change, the regulations say he should have worn all or none of his ribbons, and would have been required to wear all of them on his service coat (blue sports jacket) (see Air Force Instruction AFI 36-2903 for proper wear of the Air Force uniform). —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sonnydays15 (talk • contribs) 21:46, 23 January 2008 (UTC)

82.3.105.86 (talk) 11:10, 1 March 2008 (UTC)Hi Jack did not get the Medal of Honor, both him and Sam Carter recieved the airforce medal in Secrets. the only Medal of Honor acknowledged on Stargate was awarded to Col Cameron Mitchel for his participation in the battle of antartica. I think we should remove the references to the Medal of Honor.

 * I put the existing ribbons into a nicer table and referenced all of them. I also removed references to the Medal of Honor, as I agree with the anonymous commenter above. According to my recollections, neither one of them was awarded the CMOH. -- Dunee (talk) 16:49, 16 March 2008 (UTC)

Also, it had been mentioned several times in the series that O'Neill had been a POW during the Gulf War, but he does not display the DoD Prisoner of War Medal. This may be a conscious decision on the characters part, as it's probably not something he wants to "relive"....BruceWiley (talk) 22:51, 4 September 2008 (UTC)

For Crying Out Loud
what's the deal with Jack O'Neill saying "for crying out loud" all the time? I've just started the series and am about 15 episodes in. he says it almost every episode. just wondering if anyone knows if it's some inside joke or something? SnaX (talk) 21:18, 11 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes, It's an inside joke like teal'c saying "indeed" all the time. and Please add new discussion to the bottom of the talk page. Peachey88 (Talk Page 08:21, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

His Name
His name given at the end of the credits in the original film is Jonathan "Jack O'Neil, however in "Entity" and "Fragile Balance", it's shown on an ID card/On screen military profile that his name is John J. O'Neill. John and Jonathan are separate names, and are related only by a coincidence. http://forum.gateworld.net/showthread.php?t=31702 --- Read through this thread for more info... (I know it was posted 2 years ago...) Jedi Master Bra'tac (talk) 19:01, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I do know that "John" is a common nickname for "Jonathan", but I would expect that his badge would have "Jonathan" written out even if that were the case. Even so I wouldn't read too much into it as it is probably just one of those minor goofs that comes up in TV writing.  Children of the Gods pretty well establishes that Kurt Russell's character and RDA's character are one and the same even with these minor differences.  If I remember correctly, they do make fun of the whole "O'Neil vs. O'Neill" thing in Secrets, so TPTB are aware that details like these fell through the cracks.Thinkbui (talk) 22:32, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * John is not a common nickname for Jonathan. This is incorrect, John and Jonathan are totally unrelated names. If you were a Jonathan and wanted to go by "John" you'd spell it Jon. Despite the similarities they're completely different names with completely different origins. It is not a goof, the extra "L" was to make the name closer to the Irish, and in Ireland John is a common name and Jack is a common shorthand for John, not Jonathan.
 * Again - read through the thread Jedi Master Bra'tac (talk) 18:53, 11 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I wouldn't be so quick to say that it is not. While the names John and Jonathan have very different origins (John being Swedish and Hebrew and Jonathan being a separate Hebrew name) with Jon being the traditional nickname for both of them, it's not fair to the Jonathans who actually choose to add the 'h' in their nicknames to say that Jon is the only real nickname for Jonathan and John is only a proper name and doesn't exist as a nickname without verifying that to be true.  If you're really convinced that they don't exist, you might want to try Googling Jonathan "John" with the quotation marks.  I am by no stretch an etymologist and it may be true that Jon is far more common than John as nicknames, but I don't think J Ragals, J Galutia, and the wife of the late Dr. J Kew would agree that John isn't a nickname for Jonathan and this argument can be extended to Jack as well if you do a similar search. What I mean by "goofs" and "fell through the cracks" doesn't necessarily mean it was unintentional.  I should have made that clearer.  I generally use that to mean any discontinuity lacking a contextual explanation.  Ex: Creek Mountain vs. Cheyenne Mountain fell through the cracks as it was never explained why the difference in the context of the show, though there are obvious logistical reasons. I tend to avoid pop culture forums as many tend to have hyped discussions based on rumor and questionable integrity only to have that smashed as untrue, but if you are truly convinced there's real meaty stuff on the GW forums, please convince me I'm wrong.  Nothing against you personally, but I'm a skeptic by nature and require evidence.Thinkbui (talk) 19:56, 11 April 2008 (UTC)

If they changed the spelling of his last name between the film and the TV series, it's reasonable for them to change his first name too. I think it's clear from the evidence that in the film he's called Jonathan and in the TV series he's called John. --Tango (talk) 20:01, 11 April 2008 (UTC)

In the thread they're 2 screenshots from different episodes confirming his name is John, a discussion about John/Jonathan, and Darren Sumner's reason for not changing it on GW. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.139.42.137 (talk) 08:44, 12 April 2008 (UTC)

Events of the 1994 film
Wasn't it a completely different character? I don't see why this is in there. The 1337 (talk) 16:15, 4 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Moved to bottom of page It's clearly intended to be the same character. The first episode of SG-1 makes it perfectly clear, and plenty of references in the rest of the series do too. They decided to change the name slightly, that's all. --Tango (talk) 16:31, 4 July 2008 (UTC)

 * But his personality is different in the movie also. The 1337 (talk) —Preceding comment was added at 00:36, 6 July 2008 (UTC)

 * He'd just suffered the death of his son, that's going to make anyone more serious, isn't it? --Tango (talk) 18:39, 29 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Richard Dean Anderson agreed to take the part of Jack O'Neill on the condition that he was allowed to be more humorous than Russell had been. That is where the joke of Anderson saying "two 'L's, there's another colonel O'Neil with no sense of humour" comes from. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.0.225.100 (talk) 20:17, 9 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I don't know about that, but it certainly is in line with dealing with Jack's "emotional dysfunction" very early on in the series to give RDA the freedom to make him a more comical character after that. These changes are briefly referenced in season 7's "Fallen" when Daniel is slowly regaining his memory.Thinkbui (talk) 22:19, 9 May 2009 (UTC)

article error...
i dont know about you but the episode small victories the O'neill was NOT destroyed by the replicators. it was destroyed by the self destruct while it was in hyper space in order to destroy three replicator controled ships. the plan was thought up by major carter.Hawkey131 (talk) 15:23, 29 July 2008 (UTC)

 * True, it was sacrificed to destroy the replicators rather than actually being destroyed by the replicators. --Tango (talk) 18:38, 29 July 2008 (UTC)

Jack's job in the Air Force
Here is something that's bothered me for a while, what exactly did Jack do in the Air Force before joining the SGC? We know he was in special operations, so that leaves Combat Controller, PJ, TACCOM, and combat weatherman. Assuming we can eliminate PJ and weatherman, that leaves Combat controller, and TACCOM, and judging by the episode where we saw his unit in action in Germany, that would seem to verify this train of logic. But this still leaves the question of why he seems to be the one who ends up flying all the exciting, experimental, multimillion dollar aircraft —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.116.103.217 (talk) 06:15, 13 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Yeah, it bothers me too. They seem to use pilots as ground forces a lot, which seems very strange to me (it's not just Jack, Carter is a pilot, Sheppard is, Lorne has been seen to fly F-302's, Mitchell is a pilot). I'm not sure why the Air Force runs the SGC in the first place, the work they're doing should mainly be done by the Army or Marines. I'm not very familiar with the US armed forces, but if the USAF is anything like the RAF, their ground troops should be pretty much restricted to defending air fields. --Tango (talk) 15:18, 13 November 2008 (UTC)

 * The USAF has their own forward ground forces that basically do what the SGC airmen do. It isn't anywhere to the scale of that of the Army or Marine Corps, but they have them since the branches of the US military can't always engage in joint ventures with each other.  If this weren't the case, the USAF Entertainment Dept wouldn't be signing off on all the shows' scripts since their goal is to make the USAF portrayed as realistically has possible.Thinkbui (talk) 00:27, 14 November 2008 (UTC)

Well it obviously would fall under Air Force jurisdiction because they are venturing out into space and other planets. Air Force Security Forces not only fulfill the job of providing boots on the ground, but also the role of MP, something the show portrays pretty consistently--remember all the guards you see getting tossed around? It's worth noting that as the series advanced, you also saw other branches coming into play, particularly in Stargate Atlantis. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.116.103.217 (talk) 06:14, 19 November 2008 (UTC)

Among other reasons, the Air Force is a likely candidate for command of the SGC as in 1950's America it was the USAF who was primarily tasked with investigating UFOs
 * And Cheyenne Mountain was operated by the USAF in real life. -- The SandDoctor Talk 18:41, 27 March 2021 (UTC)

new information
I watched episodes here and there in the past. Decided to watch them from the start in order. s01e06: apparently he's irish. Someone should stick that in somewhere. came across it around 15:00 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.42.212.154 (talk) 21:28, 23 January 2010 (UTC)

Untitled
“Well, there’s that.” - O’Neill’s go-to saying in seasons 5 and further. So much so that it seems to become his signature reaction in situations uncomfortable to him. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.32.72.171 (talk) 03:23, 15 July 2020 (UTC)

Broken Citation Archive
https://www.webcitation.org/6BVVeKriE?url=http://www.dailybruin.com/404.html was the automatically generated archive for: http://www.dailybruin.ucla.edu/archives/id/14227/ This citation is broken Psy pherium talk page 13:53, 24 November 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jack O'Neill


text:
PAMS

PAMS Productions, Inc. (an acronym for Production, Advertising and Merchandising Service), based in Dallas, Texas, was one of the most famous jingle production companies in American broadcasting. It produced identification packages for radio stations around the world, as well as some commercial music.

History
The company was founded by William B. Meeks, Jr. (1921–1999) in 1951.

Meeks worked on the air and also sold advertising, often creating jingles for some of the clients he sold time to. Eventually he decided to devote all his time to advertising, and in 1951 he started PAMS Advertising Agency, Inc. Initially, very few station jingles were made,and it wasn't until the mid-1950s that individual cuts were assembled into packages that could be syndicated to stations all over the country.

After the success of the first few PAMS jingle series, the company's focus slowly shifted to providing IDs to the ever growing number of top-40 radio stations. By the end of 1964, PAMS' primary business had become station jingles, and the name of the company was shortened to PAMS, Inc.

Soon, PAMS was a leader in the usage of pre-recorded backing tracks with new vocals over them to create the syndication of ID Jingles.

It suspended operation in 1978, and for the next 12 years, PAMS jingles were produced under the CPMG/PAMS moniker run by Ken R. Deutsch (in Toledo, Ohio) and Benjamin R. Freedman (December 26, 1949—January 9, 2013) (both in the Buffalo, New York, area and Dallas, Texas). In 1990, the original PAMS corporation, including all its copyrights, was purchased by JAM Creative Productions (also based in Dallas).

JAM currently produces new versions of the classic PAMS jingle packages over the original PAMS backing tracks but technically is still a separate company from PAMS. JAM founder Jonathan M. Wolfert was employed by PAMS before he and wife Mary Lyn Wolfert started their own company in 1974.

Many of PAMS jingle packages were used exclusively in the 1960s and early 1970s by stations worldwide, including WABC in New York City, WLS in Chicago, European offshore radio stations like Wonderful Radio London and Swinging Radio England, and BBC Radio 1 and Radio 2 in the United Kingdom, KLCBS FM Bandung in Indonesia.

PAMS address was just as famous as its jingles. The studios were located at 4141 Office Parkway, which is now part of the Cityplace district of Dallas. It was also the home of Thompson Creative which entered the radio station ID business in the mid-1980s.

title: PAMS


text:
John Reynolds (actor)

John Paul Reynolds (born August 5, 1991) is an American actor, writer and stand-up comedian. He is known for his starring role in the series Search Party (2016–2022) and his recurring role on Stranger Things (2016–present). Reynolds also starred in the miniseries Four Weddings and a Funeral in 2019. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, he began his career at the Annoyance Theatre in Chicago.

Career
Reynolds began his career in Chicago at the age of 18. He graduated from the IO Training Center and the Second City Conservatory in Chicago, and performed regularly at IO Chicago, The Annoyance, Chemically Imbalanced Comedy, The Playground, and Upstairs Gallery. He was also a part of the Kill All Comedy collective along with comedians Conner O'Malley and Gary Richardson.

Reynolds has said he based his Search Party character Drew Gardner on his experience growing up in the Midwest: "I grew up in Madison, Wisconsin, and I based him as a guy I would know in the Midwest who sees his brothers grow up a certain way, and wants to maintain that status quo with his family, and doesn’t want to be in any spotlight."

In 2023 Reynolds co-performed the live comedy show No Tengo Escuela with comedian Carmen Christopher, with performances at Union Hall in New York and the Soho Theatre in London.

title: John Reynolds (actor)


text:
Biopolis

Biopolis is a research and development centre for biomedical sciences in Singapore. It is located at one-north in Buona Vista, and is close to the National University of Singapore, the Singapore Polytechnic, the Singapore Institute of Technology, the National University Hospital, the Singapore Science Park, Ministry of Education, ESSEC Business School, INSEAD Business School, and Fusionopolis. This campus is dedicated to providing space for biomedical research and development activities and promoting peer review and collaboration among the private and public scientific community.

Phase 1
Biopolis Phase 1, designed by world-renowned architect Zaha Hadid, is a 185,000 m2 (2,000,000 ft²) biomedical complex of seven buildings that were constructed from June 2003 to March 2004 at a cost of S$500 million. They are namely: Nanos, Genome, Helios, Chromos, Proteos, Matrix and Centros. Several government agencies, publicly funded research institutes and research labs of pharmaceutical and biotechnological companies are located there.

Phase 2
Biopolis Phase 2 was completed in October 2006 with a seven-storey 37,000 m2 complex comprising two blocks, Neuros and Immunos. The two blocks will house private research institutes focused on neuroscience and immunology respectively. The complex cost S$70 million and constructed over 18 months. The new addition increases the Biopolis research complex to a total of 222,000 m2, or about half the size of Suntec City.

Phase 3
Biopolis Phase 3, comprising two blocks, Synapse and Amnios, was awarded to Crescendas Group by JTC Corporation under a design-build-own-operate basis with a 30+30 year lease. It started construction in the 3rd quarter of 2009 and was completed in the 2nd quarter of 2011. It measures 41,505 square meters in total, containing space for laboratories, research facilities, offices and retail operations.

Phase 4
Biopolis Phase 4, the Procter & Gamble Singapore Innovation Centre, was announced by JTC Corporation on 25 January 2010, and opened on 28 March 2014. It is the largest investment in a private research facility in Singapore at S$250 million.

Phase 5
Biopolis Phase 5, consisting of Nucleos, was completed in 2014. It is used for pre-clinical trials.

Phase 6
On 27 November 2019, Senior Minister of State for Trade and Industry Koh Poh Koon announced that Biopolis Phase 6 will be built by mid-2022 to meet demand from biotechnology start-ups. The expansion of Biopolis is part of initiatives to better support such start-ups. Biopolis Phase 6 will add a further 35,000 sq m for research activities (including 2,000 sq m of laboratory spaces), with 6,000 sq m more for office and retail space. On 16 March 2020, JTC Corporation awarded the site to Ho Bee, which will design the 12-storey building, named Elementum, with elements of nature, technology and wellness incorporated.

Amenities
For the general public, Biopolis has eight shops, four restaurants, four cafes, a 300-seater food court, a fast food restaurant, a pub and a childcare centre.

Function rooms
For its members, Biopolis has a 480-seater auditorium and four 250-seater lecture theaters. It also has 13 meeting rooms.

Accommodation
The Rochester is a major development in Vista Xchange at one-north. The mixed-use development comprises private residences, serviced apartments, hotel rooms, recreational and retail facilities.

one-north Residences is another completed residential project in one-north.

Biopolis arts programme

An initiative of the one-north arts program, one-north Development Group (oDG) of JTC Corporation launched the first Biopolis Arts Program@one-north on 14 May 2002. oDG supports the nurturing of the local and overseas arts community, by way of co-developing and funding the art programs in one-north. All major developmental projects in one-north will be encouraged to contribute towards the funding of significant artwork in-situ.

title: Biopolis


text:
Edwin Franko Goldman

Edwin Franko Goldman (January 1, 1878 – February 21, 1956) was an American composer and conductor. One of the most significant American band composers of the early 20th century, Goldman composed over 150 works, but is best known for his marches. He founded the renowned Goldman Band of New York City and the American Bandmasters Association. Goldman's works are characterized by their pleasant and catchy tunes, as well as their fine trios and solos. He also encouraged audiences to whistle/hum along to his marches. He wrote singing and whistling into the score of "On the Mall" (which vies with "Chimes of Liberty" as his two most-enduring marches).

Biography
Goldman was born January 1, 1878, in Louisville, Kentucky, the son of David Henry and Selma Franko Goldman. The family moved to Evansville, Indiana in 1879 and, finally, to Terre Haute, Indiana. His father died in Terre Haute on December 18, 1886, when Goldman was only eight years old, and the following year, Selma and her four children, Edwin, Mayer, Irma and Alfred, moved to New York City. Before her marriage, Goldman's mother was a professional pianist and part of the famous Franko Family, which made its debut at Steinway Hall in New York on September 17, 1869.

At the age of nine, Goldman studied cornet with George Wiegand at the Hebrew Orphan Asylum in New York City. In 1892, after winning a scholarship, he attended the National Conservatory of Music, where he studied music theory and played trumpet in the Conservatory orchestra. He also studied under master cornetist Jules Levy.

In 1893 he became a professional trumpet player, performing in such organizations as the Metropolitan Opera House orchestra alongside his uncle Nahan Franko, the orchestra's concertmaster and assistant conductor. He married Adelaide Maibrunn (1885–1975) in 1908. The next year, he left the Metropolitan Opera orchestra and went to work for the publishing house Carl Fischer Music, where he remained for ten years. Goldman founded the New York Military Band in 1911, later known as the famous Goldman Band. The band played in many summer band concerts throughout New York, especially The Green at Columbia University and then The Mall in Central Park. In the 1930s the band performed three nights a week at the bandstand in Brooklyn's Prospect Park. They were also heard on many radio broadcasts. A feature every concert was the encore, almost always Ravel's "Boléro" or Goldman's own march composition "On the Mall" accompanied by the audience singing the theme. From 1920 to 1926, Goldman moonlighted as the first professional "coach" of the bands at Columbia University, directing both the Columbia University Marching Band and the university's symphonic band.

During their nearly 50 years of their marriage, Adelaide wrote lyrics for several of Goldman's more popular pieces (including "On the Mall").

Goldman was known for his very congenial personality and dedication to music. He was very close to city officials and earned three honorary doctorates. Eventually in 1929, he founded the American Bandmasters Association and served as Second Honorary Life President after John Philip Sousa.

Edwin Franko Goldman died at Montefiore Hospital in New York on February 21, 1956, and his son Richard Franko Goldman succeeded him as conductor of the Goldman Band. For his contribution to the radio industry, Goldman has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6410 Hollywood Boulevard. The Goldman Band Shell in Allentown, Pennsylvania's West Park is also named in his honor. For over 100 years, the band shell has been the home to the Allentown Band, of which Goldman was the first guest conductor in 1927.

Goldman's works
In his lifetime, Goldman composed over 150 works, his most famous being:

He was also the composer of many cornet solos and other short works for piano and orchestra.
 * 1922 Chimes of Liberty (revised by Goldman in 1937)
 * 1923 On the Mall
 * 1931 Boy Scouts of America
 * 1931 Onward-Upward
 * 1934 The Children's March
 * 1934 The Interlochen Bowl
 * 1936 Bugles and Drums
 * 1937 Jubilee March
 * 1943 The Bugler (For Leonard B. Smith)
 * 1949 Introduction and Tarentella (For James F. Burke)
 * 1953 March Illinois
 * A Bit of Syncopation, character piece
 * Cheerio
 * Espanita for cornet solo and brass band
 * Jupiter for cornet solo and brass band
 * Kentucky
 * On the Green, waltz intermezzo
 * On the Hudson
 * Scherzo Cornet/Euphonium Solo
 * Springtime Fancies, waltz
 * Star of the Evening, waltz-intermezzo
 * Sunshine and Shadows, waltz
 * "Pioneer March"
 * "Bluejackets on Parade"

title: Edwin Franko Goldman


text:
Daniil Kharms

Daniil Ivanovich Kharms (Дании́л Ива́нович Хармс; 30 December 1905 – 2 February 1942) was an early Soviet-era Russian avant-gardist and absurdist poet, writer and dramatist.

Early years
Kharms was born as Daniil Yuvachev in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, into the family of Ivan Yuvachev, a member of the revolutionary group The People's Will. By the time of his son's birth, Ivan Yuvachev had already been imprisoned for his involvement in subversive acts against Tsar Alexander III and had become a philosopher.

Daniil invented the pseudonym Kharms while attending Saint Peter's School. While at Saint Peter's, he learned the rudiments of both English and German, and it may have been the English words "harm" and "charm" that he incorporated into "Kharms". His pseudonym might have been also influenced by his fascination with Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes, as the two words (Holmes and Harms) start and end similarly but there are a number of other theories regarding the pseudonym. Throughout his career, Kharms used variations on this name and the pseudonyms DanDan, Khorms, Charms, Shardam, and Kharms-Shardam, among others.

In 1924, he entered the Leningrad Electrotechnicum, from which he was expelled for "poor attendance," "not participating in community service," and not "fitting into the class physiologically".

Career
After his expulsion, he gave himself over entirely to literature. He joined the circle of Aleksandr Tufanov, a sound-poet, and follower of Velimir Khlebnikov's ideas of zaum (or trans-sense) poetry. He met the young poet Alexander Vvedensky at this time, and the two became close friends and collaborators.

In 1927, the Association of Writers of Children's Literature was formed, and Kharms was invited to be a member. From 1928 until 1941, Kharms continually produced children's works, to great success.

In 1928, Daniil Kharms founded the avant-garde collective Oberiu, or Union of Real Art. He embraced the new movements of Russian Futurism laid out by his idols, Khlebnikov, Kazimir Malevich, and Igor Terentiev, among others. Their ideas served as a springboard. His aesthetic centered around a belief in the autonomy of art from real world rules and logic, and that intrinsic meaning is to be found in objects and words outside of their practical function.

In 1928, his play "Elizaveta Bam" ("Елизавета Бам") premiered; it is said to have foreshadowed the Theatre of the Absurd. The play begins with Elizaveta being arrested by the secret police for the murder of one of the arresting officers, who is later killed by another character, and ends with the first scene repeating. It has been compared to Kafka's Trial and Nabokov's Invitation to a Beheading for its "depiction of a hapless individual destroyed by arbitrary governmental authority."

By the late 1920s, his anti-rational verse, nonlinear theatrical performances, and public displays of decadent and illogical behavior earned Kharms – who dressed like an English dandy with a calabash pipe – the reputation of a talented and highly eccentric writer.

In the late 1920s, despite rising criticism of the Oberiu performances and diatribes against the avant-garde in the press, Kharms sought to unite progressive artists and writers of the time (Malevich, Filonov, Terentiev, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Kaverin, Zamyatin) with leading Russian formalist critics (Viktor Shklovsky, Yuri Tynianov, Boris Eichenbaum, Lev S. Ginzburg, etc.) and a younger generation of writers (all from the OBERIU crowd: Alexander Vvedensky, Konstantin Vaginov, Nikolai Zabolotsky, Igor Bakhterev), to form a cohesive cultural movement of Left Art.

Kharms was arrested in 1931 and exiled to Kursk for most of a year. He was arrested as a member of "a group of anti-Soviet children's writers", and some of his works were used as evidence in the case. Soviet authorities, having become increasingly hostile toward the avant-garde in general, deemed Kharms' writing for children anti-Soviet because of its refusal to instil materialist and social Soviet values. Kharms continued to write for children's magazines when he returned from exile, though his name would appear in the credits less often. His plans for more performances and plays were curtailed, the OBERIU disbanded, and Kharms receded into a mostly private writing life.

In the 1930s, as mainstream Soviet literature was becoming more and more conservative under the guidelines of Socialist Realism, Kharms found refuge in children's literature. (He had worked under Samuil Marshak at Detgiz, the state-owned children's publishing house since the mid-1920s, writing new material and translating children's literature from the west, including Wilhelm Busch's Max and Moritz). Many of his poems and short stories for children were published in the Chizh (Чиж), Yozh (Ëж), Sverchok (Сверчок) and Oktyabryata (Октябрята) magazines. In 1937 Marshak's publishing house in Leningrad was shut down, some of employees were arrested: Alexandr Vvedensky, Nikolai Oleinikov, Nikolai Zabolotsky, Tamara Gabbe, and later – Kharms; the majority was fired.

Legacy
His "adult" works were not published during his lifetime with the sole exception of two early poems. His notebooks were saved from destruction in the war by loyal friends and hidden until the 1960s, when his children's writing became widely published and scholars began the job of recovering his manuscripts and publishing them in the west and in samizdat.

His reputation in the 20th century in Russia was largely based on his popular work for children. His other writings (a vast assortment of stories, miniatures, plays, poems, and pseudo-scientific, philosophical investigations) were virtually unknown until the 1970s, and not published officially in Russia until "glasnost".

Kharms' stories are typically brief vignettes (see also short prose and feuilleton) often only a few paragraphs long, in which scenes of poverty and deprivation alternate with fantastic, dreamlike occurrences and acerbic comedy. Occasionally they incorporate incongruous appearances by famous authors (e.g.: Pushkin and Gogol tripping over each other; Count Leo Tolstoy showing his chamber pot to the world; Pushkin and his sons falling off their chairs; etc.)

His manuscripts were preserved by his sister and, most notably, by his friend Yakov Druskin, a notable music theorist and amateur theologist and philosopher, who dragged a suitcase full of Kharms's and Vvedensky's writings out of Kharms's apartment during the blockade of Leningrad and kept it hidden throughout difficult times.

Kharms' adult works were picked up by Russian samizdat starting around the 1960s, and thereby did have an influence on the growing "unofficial" arts scene.

A complete collection of his works was published in Bremen in four volumes, in 1978–1988. In Russia, Kharms' works were widely published only from the late 1980s. Now, several editions of Kharms's collected works and selected volumes have been published in Russia, and collections are available in English, French, German, Italian and Finnish. In 2004, a selection of his works appeared in Irish.

Numerous English translations have appeared of late in American literary journals. In the 1970s, George Gibian at Cornell University published the first English collection of OBERIU writing, which included stories and a play by Daniil Kharms and one play by Alexander Vvedensky. Gibian's translations appeared in Annex Press magazine in 1978. In the early 1990s a slim selected volume translated into British English by Neil Cornwell came out in England. New translations of all the members of the OBERIU group (and their closely knit group of friends, the Chinari) appeared in 2006 in the USA (OBERIU: An Anthology of Russian Absurdism. It contains poetry, drama and prose by Alexander Vvedensky, Daniil Kharms, Nikolai Zabolotsky, Nikolay Oleynikov, Leonid Lipavsky and Yakov Druskin, edited by Eugene Ostashevsky and translated by Matvei Yankelevich, Thomas Epstein, Genya Turovskaya, Eugene Ostashevsky and Ilya Bernstein), with an introduction by Eugene Ostashevsky (not Susan Sontag, who is listed on some websites as the author of the foreword). His short story cycle Incidences (1933–1939) was published in English in 1993. An English translation of a collection of his works, by Matvei Yankelevich, Today I Wrote Nothing was published in 2007. It includes poems, plays, short prose pieces, and his novella The Old Woman (1939). Another collection in the translation of Alex Cigale, Russian Absurd: Daniil Kharms, Selected Writings, appeared in the Northwestern World Classics series in 2017. A selection of Kharms's dramatic works, A Failed Performance: Short Plays and Scenes, translated by C Dylan Bassett and Emma Winsor Wood, was released by Plays Inverse in 2018. Individual pieces have also been translated by Roman Turovsky.

On 30 December 2013, Google doodle celebrated Daniil Kharms’ 108th Birthday.

Personal life
Kharms was married twice, to Esther Rusakova (1909 Marseilles, France – 1943 Magadan, USSR) and Marina Malich (1909 St. Petersburg, Russia – 2002 USA). His wives sometimes appear in some of his lyrical or erotic poems. 23 August 1941 – Kharms was arrested for spreading "libellous and defeatist mood". According to the NKVD report Kharms said: "The USSR lost the war on its first day. Leningrad will be either besieged or starved to death. Or it will be bombed to the ground, leaving no stone standing. If they give me a mobilization order, I will punch the commander in the face, let them shoot me, but I will not put on the uniform and will not serve in the soviet forces, I do not wish to be such trash. If they force me to fire a machine-gun from rooftops during street-to-street fights with the Germans, I would shoot not at the Germans, but at them, from the very same machine gun".

To avoid execution, Kharms simulated insanity; the military tribunal ordered him to be kept in the psychiatric ward of the 'Kresty' prison due to the severity of the crime. Daniil Kharms died of starvation 2 February 1942 during the siege of Leningrad. His wife was informed that he was deported to Novosibirsk. Only on 25 July 1960, at the request of Kharms' sister, E.I. Gritsina, Prosecutor General's Office found him not guilty and he was exonerated.

Influence

 * Beginning in the 1970s many of Kharms' children's texts were set to music, and were often played on the radio.
 * Ted Milton staged a performance around Kharms' texts, entitled In Kharms Way (with laptop musician Sam Britton).*The band Esthetic Education composed its poem Juravli I Korabli ("Cranes and Ships"). It appeared on their debut album Face Reading, and on their live album Live at Ring.
 * Composer Hafliði Hallgrímsson has composed music featuring Daniil Kharms writings translated into English.
 * The American writer George Saunders has written that he is partly "inspired by a certain absurdist comic tradition," listing Kharms alongside Mark Twain, Groucho Marx, Monty Python, Steve Martin, and Jack Handey.
 * In 2003 Dutch musical ensemble De Kift recorded an opera based on the play "Elizaveta Bam" (1928) by Daniil Kharms.
 * In 1998 Belgian musician and composer Peter Vermeersch has composed and recorded an album "Charms" based on Daniil Kharms' lyrics, sung in Dutch. The music has been composed for a theatre production by Walpurgis in co-production with the arts centre Vooruit.
 * The American rapper billy woods titled his 2015 LP Today I Wrote Nothing. woods' work frequently touches on the same themes as Kharms', focusing on the absurdity and degradation of poverty.
 * In 2022, the improvisational band The Daniil Kharms recorded Post-Gogol World, a vocal jazz album featuring novel English translations of 8 short texts by Kharms.

Works

 * Elizaveta Bam (1928, Елизавета Бам), a play
 * Lapa (1930, Лапа), a play
 * Incidences (1933–1939, Случаи), a short story cycle
 * The Old Woman (1939, Старуха), a novella
 * The Plummeting Old Women (1989)
 * It Happened Like This: Stories and Poems (1998)
 * Today I Wrote Nothing: The Selected Writing of Daniil Kharms (2007)
 * A Failed Performance: Short Plays & Scenes by Daniil Kharms (2018)

title: Daniil Kharms


text:
Opinion polling for the 2004 Canadian federal election

Polls leading up to the 2004 Canadian federal election.


text:
Barbara Wright (translator)

Barbara Winifred Wright (13 October 1915 – 3 March 2009) was an English translator of modern French literature.

Early life
Wright was born on 13 October 1915 in Worthing, West Sussex. After attending Godolphin School in Salisbury, she studied to be a pianist at the Royal College of Music in London and trained under Alfred Cortot in Paris. Wright taught at Dora Russell's Beacon Hill School from 1936 to 1937. In 1938 she married Walter Hubbard, a kinsman of the Barons Addington – the couple had a daughter in 1944, before separating in 1957.

Though she never formally studied as a translator, Wright believed that her work as an accompanist helped her capture the rhythm of the text. Her first major translation was Alfred Jarry's Ubu Roi, published in 1951 by Gaberbocchus Press.

Translator
Wright specialised in the translation of poetic prose and drama with a focus on French surrealist and existential writing. While working on a translation, she immersed herself in the author's world. Reading other texts by the writer, conferring with francophones about French idioms and, where possible, forging relationships with the authors were all aspects of her process. Over the course of her career Wright worked closely with, and befriended, Raymond Queneau, Robert Pinget and Nathalie Sarraute. In addition to her translations, Wright authored literary criticism and was a regular contributor to the Times Literary Supplement as a reviewer.

After completing translations of two short stories by Queneau, the author proposed that Wright translate his Exercices de style. The work had been deemed 'untranslatable' due to Queneau's reliance on unique French writing styles and language. Trusting her skill, Queneau encouraged and endorsed Wright's improvised English equivalents of French turns of phrase. The result was a resounding success with her text becoming the basis for translations of the work in other languages. In 2008 it was recognised as one of the best translations during a 50-year period by the Society of Authors.

In 1953 Wright was elected a member of the College of Pataphysics, as Régente de Zozologie Shakespearienne. She was elevated to Satrape in 2001, a position she held alongside Umberto Eco and Jean Baudrillard. In 1986 Wright was appointed Commandeur of l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. She was also a two-time recipient of the Scott Moncrieff Prize. Wright was recognised in 1987 for her translation of Pierre Albert-Birot's Grabinoulor and again in 1992 for Michel Tournier's The Midnight Love Feast.

After separating from her husband, Wright lived at Hampstead in north London, and died on 3 March 2009. Her literary translation papers are held by the Lilly Library at Indiana University. The authors she translated who are represented in the collection include Jean Hamburger, Eugène Ionesco, Alfred Jarry, Pierre Lauer, Robert Pinget, Raymond Queneau, Nathalie Sarraute and Stefan Themerson. Correspondence from publishers of Wright's works, including Gaberbocchus Press, John Calder, Doubleday, Faber & Faber, New Directions, the Atlas Press and Red Dust, are also present.

Translations
From Renouard & Kelly below.

 * Stefan Themerson & Franciszka Themerson: (translated from Polish with Stefan Themerson) Mr Rouse Builds His House. 1950
 * Alfred Jarry: Ubu Roi (illustrated by Franciszka Themerson). 1951.
 * Raymond Queneau: The Trojan Horse; At the Edge of the forest. 1954.
 * Christian Dietrich Grabbe: Comedy, Satire. Irony and Deeper Meaning (translation from German, illustrated by Franciszka Themerson). 1955.
 * Pol-Dives: The Song of Bright Misery. 1955.
 * Raymond Queneau: Exercises in Style. 1958.
 * Raymond Queneau: Zazie in the Metro. 1960.
 * Monique Lange: The Catfish in New Writers 1. 1960.
 * Fernando Arrabal: Orison; The Two Executioners; Fernando and Lis; The Car Cemetery in Plays. vol. 1 1962.
 * Andrée Martinerie: Second Spring. 1962.
 * Alain Robbe-Grillet: Snapshots and Towards a New Novel. 1965.
 * Marguerite Duras: The Long Absence. 1966.
 * Raymond Queneau: Between Blue and Blue. 1967.
 * Fernando Arrabal: Guernica; The Labyrinth; The Tricycle; Picnic on the Battlefield; The Condemned Man's Tricycle in Plays. vol. 2. 1967.
 * Raymond Queneau: A Blue Funk and Dino in French Writing Today. 1968.
 * Alain Robbe-Grillet: In the Corridors of the Underground in French Writing Today. 1968.
 * Raymond Queneau: The Bark Tree. 1968.
 * Alain Robbe-Grillet: The Secret Room in The Penguin Book of French Short Stories. 1968.
 * André Couteaux: Portrait of the Boy as a Young Wolf/My Father's Keeper. 1968.
 * Alfred Jarry: The Supermale. 1968.
 * Roland Dubillard: The Swallows. 1969
 * Roland Dubillard: The House of Bones. 1971.
 * Jean Genet (with Terry Hands): The Balcony. 1971.
 * Pierre Lauer: The Suns of Badarane. 1971.
 * Robert Pinget: The Libera Me Domine. 1972
 * Raymond Queneau: The Flight of Icarus. 1973.
 * Yves Klein: Selected Writings. (in part). 1974
 * Robert Pinget: Recurrent Melody. 1975.
 * Ludovic Janvier: The Bathing Girl (revision of translation by John Matthew). 1976
 * Raymond Queneau: The Sunday of Life. 1976.
 * Sylvia Bourdon: Love is a Feast. 1977.
 * Tristan Tzara: Seven Dada Manifestoes and Lampisteries. 1977.
 * Robert Pinget: Passacaglia. 1978.
 * Roland Topor: Leonardo Was Right. 1978
 * Herbert Le Porrier: The Doctor From Cordoba. 1979.
 * Simone Benmussa: The Singular Life of Albert Nobbs. 1979
 * Robert Pinget: Fable. 1980.
 * Nathalie Sarraute: It is There and other plays. 1980
 * Simone Benmussa: 'Appearances' in Gambit No. 35. 1980
 * Muriel Cerf: 'Blitz-Fortune' in Real Life – Writers from Nine Countries Illuminate the Life of the Modern Woman. 1981
 * Raymond Queneau: We Always Treat Women Too Well. 1981
 * Robert Pinget: Between Fantoine and Agapa. 1982.
 * Robert Pinget: That Voice. 1982.
 * Nathalie Sarraute: The Use of Speech. 1982
 * Nathalie Sarraute: Childhood. 1983
 * Romain Gary: King Solomon. 1983
 * Michel Tournier: The Fetishist and Other Stories. 1983
 * Robert Pinget: Someone. 1984.
 * Henri Guigonnat: Daemon in Lithuania. 1985
 * Eugène Ionesco: Journeys Among the Dead. 1985
 * René de Obaldia: Monsieur Klebs and Rosalie in Plays Vol. 4. 1985
 * Michel Tournier: A Garden at Hammamet. 1986
 * Robert Pinget: The Apocrypha. 1986.
 * Pierre Albert-Birot: The First Book of Grabinoulor.1986
 * Robert Pinget: Abel and Bela.. 1987.
 * Michel Tournier: The Golden Droplet. 1987
 * Raymond Queneau: Pierrot Mon Ami. 1987.
 * Robert Pinget: Monsieur Songe with The Harness, Plough. 1988.
 * Robert Pinget: A Bizarre Will. 1989.
 * Elisabeth Badinter: The Unopposite Sex [Man/Woman: The One is the Other]. 1989
 * Raymond Queneau: The Last Days. 1990.
 * Raymond Queneau: Alfred in Journal of Literary Translation. vol. XXIII. 1990
 * Liliane Siegel: In the Shadow of Sartre. 1990
 * Nathalie Sarraute: You Don't Love Yourself. 1990
 * Robert Pinget: The Enemy. 1991.
 * Michel Tournier: Totems. 1991
 * Michel Tournier: The Midnight Love Feast. 1991
 * Pascal Quignard: Georges de La Tour. 1991
 * Jean Genet (with Terry Hands): The Balcony. 1991
 * Patrick Modiano: Honeymoon. 1992
 * Jean Hamburger: The Diary of William Harvey. 1992
 * Robert Pinget: Be Brave. 1994.
 * Robert Pinget: Theo, or The New Era. 1994.
 * Alberto Giacometti: The Dream, The Sphinx and The Death of T. in Grand Street in Space No. 54. 1995
 * Coline Serrau: Lapin, Lapin. 1995
 * Samuel Beckett: Eleutheria. 1996
 * Jean Rouaud: Of Illustrious Men. 1996
 * Nathalie Sarraute: Here. 1997
 * Jean Rouaud: The World, More or Less. 1997
 * Stefan Themerson: Fragments From Darkness. 1998
 * Robert Pinget: Traces of Ink. 1998.
 * Aude Yung-de Prévaud: Jacques & Lotha. 2000
 * Simone Benmussa: Three Plays. (The Singular Life of Albert Nobbs, Appearance and The Death of Ivan Illich) in collaboration with Donald Watson 2000
 * Raymond Queneau: Five Stories: Panic; Dino; At the Edge of the Forest; A Blue Funk; The Trojan Horse. 2000.
 * Pierre Albert-Birot: 31 Pocket Poems. 2003
 * Raymond Queneau: Introduction and comments with extracts from Zazie, Pierrot, and The Flight of Icarus, in "Tolling Elves 5" February 2003 to celebrate Queneau's centenary.
 * Robert Pinget: Trio (Between Fatoine and Agapa, That Voice, Passacaglia). 2005.
 * publication of script for radio adaptation of Exercises in Style broadcast on 25 December 1959 by the BBC with introduction by Barbara Wright. 2006.
 * Robert Pinget: Film script: 15 Rue des Lilas. in Renouard & Kelly. 2013

Wright also wrote various plays, libretti (three by Mozart), artists' manifestos, composers' programme notes, introductions, forewords and postscripts.

title: Barbara Wright (translator)


text:
Dean of the House (Canada)

In Canada, the dean of the House (doyen de la Chambre) is the sitting Member of the House of Commons with the longest unbroken record of service. The dean is responsible for presiding over the election of the Speaker of the House of Commons at the beginning of each Parliament. The position is the equivalent of the Father of the House in the British House of Commons.

Following a general election, or the resignation or death of the sitting Speaker, the House meets to elect a new Speaker. This was started in 1986, though Speaker John Bosley presided at the time. The first time the modern election system for speaker was used was in 1994.

During these elections, the Dean of the House takes the role of presiding officer. If the longest-serving member is a Cabinet Minister, party Leader, House Leader or Whip, they cannot act as presiding officer. In 1994, following the 1993 Canadian federal election, Liberal member Len Hopkins filled this role as his caucus mate Herb Gray, then the longest-serving member, was in Cabinet under Prime Minister Jean Chrétien. Although Gray was in cabinet, he was still referred to as Dean both in Hansard and by the press. Gray was also the longest-serving dean of the House up until that point, holding the role for 14 years from 1988 until 2002.

The current dean of the House is Bloc Québécois MP Louis Plamondon, who was first elected to the Commons as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party at the 1984 federal general election. In 2023, Plamondon eclipsed Gray as the longest-serving dean of the House, with 15 years in the role. The second-longest serving MP is currently Liberal Lawrence MacAulay, who has served continuously since the 1988 federal election. MacAulay is currently serving as a minister in Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's cabinet, however, so he would not be allowed to serve as Dean should Plamondon vacate his seat. Instead, MP Hedy Fry, a Liberal first elected in 1993, would act in his place. Upon the resignation of Speaker Anthony Rota in 2023, Plamondon served for the sixth time as presiding officer in the election of the Speaker.

The chart below refers to longest-serving members, some of whom served in frontbench roles and, as such, did not preside over the election of the Speaker.

title: Dean of the House (Canada)


text:
Dean of the House

The dean of the House is, in some legislatures, the member with the longest unbroken record of service. Specific examples include:

 * Dean of the United States House of Representatives, currently Hal Rogers since 2022
 * Dean of the House (Canada), currently Louis Plamondon since 2008

title: Dean of the House


text: User talk:66.127.241.60

title: User talk:66.127.241.60