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Talk:Star Wars Galaxies

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Sony destroyed the game
Nice job 2600:8800:518D:1F00:F455:8E39:706D:E234 (talk) 07:53, 5 July 2023 (UTC)

Opinions?
Hey all, still new to using Wikipedia on the editor side of things so if this is the wrong place for this, or whatever, just let me know.

Thought I'd ask for opinions on whether a section to the SWG page about my personal incident with them would be of interest. Nothing huge, but maybe just a mention, since many may find it an interesting 'behind the scenes" kind thing, on an arguably legendary old MMO.

I was there for opening day of the original SWG, and played up until around WoW had been out for a couple of years or so; so I had countless hours of SWG under my belt. During that time I developed a 3rd party utility called "star wars galaxies loader" that had done several utilitarian type of "handy" things outside of the game (no hacking/cheating stuff). Took many months of hard work and polish to get it going; finally released it publicly, maybe somewhere around 2004-ish I think, it made an article in a gamer mag/page/site (I forget which one it was off the top of my head) which included a download link to the app.

Needless to say, it got something like 500+ downloads overnight, and by the next morning a nice little Cease & Desist email had been sent to my web host by SOE's lawyers, with all of the usual threats. So I had no choice but to "take it off the market" that fast. It must've gotten too much of a buzz which of course is a "huge threat" *eye roll* to mega game corporations.

I could probably even dig up the C&D email if I tried really hard. Still have all the source code and the app itself; been thinking about putting it all on Github for the SWG Emu players these days. Who knows.

What just made me think about this was that a similar thing just happened to: https://www.pcgamer.com/riot-cracks-down-on-valorant-app-that-gives-players-a-significant-advantage-before-the-match-even-begins-its-hard-to-describe-how-disappointed-i-am/

Anyone think this is "wikipedia worthy", and people may find it interesting? J. Scott Elblein (talk) 03:29, 20 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Star Wars Galaxies


text:
Talk:Ion (window manager)

Sorry about the confusion in the history. I thought maybe it would be a candidate for speedy deletion, but upon reading further I decided it should just be a copyvio. Timc 02:09, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I have written a stub on the new temporary page.Tim Ivorson 15:34, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Ion4 / Notion / future
—Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.139.161.106 (talk) 07:07, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

The above link times out for me. It's also exceptionally old (April 2008). In the 11 years since I haven't heard any mention whatsoever of an Ion4.

Ion3 is quite dead and abandoned now, Valkonen never touched it again and it has since been superseded by the fork Notion (Not-ion) which has seen continuous maintenance since it's release almost a decade ago. New development has been happening to Notion in 2019 with some improvements in floating dialog windows (which was quite surprising when I first saw it - ion and then Notion have been functionally static for so long now).

I humbly suggest renaming this page 'Notion (window manager)', updating the introduction appropriately and removing Notion from the 'alternatives' section. Also, the larger version of that screenshot appears to be broken for me.

For now I've updated the 'alternatives' section with an external link to the Notion website and elaborated on it's supported platforms.

I agree, but being involved with Notion's development means I'm biased. I'd appreciate if someone else would write the article. A notion 4 release under the plain LGPL v2.1+ with all non-LGPL parts rewritten is currently underway. Ion3 is no longer packaged in any of the distributions I've checked. --84.115.2.34 (talk) 14:14, 7 August 2019 (UTC)

Desktop Enviroment?
What Desktop Enviroment Ion uses? can anyone add this piece of information? --Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.81.23.155 - 09:42, 22 July 2005

 * Most ion users won't use one. Except on floating workspaces there is never a desktop visible for the usual icon clutter. As with any window manager you can optionally run applications that come with (eg) Gnome or KDE.
 * Recent versions of ion have their own application menu and a window-maker dock, but most ion users probably prefer using the commandline. --Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.40.213.241 - 12:05, 16 August 2005

 * Ion is a Window Manager. Like any window manager, it can be used as a wm for an existing DE like GNOME or Xfce. Also like any window manager, it can also be used standalone, i.e. without a Desktop Environment.
 * Ion, like xmonad and i3, is a standalone wm. I.e. it was created as an independent project, instead of being created specifically for a particular DE (like metacity for GNOME, and kwin for KDE)
 * In other words, Ion doesn't use a Desktop Environment. But you can configure it to be used as the WM for a DE if you so wish. 198.59.155.130 (talk) 20:29, 19 February 2014 (UTC)

Misrepresentation of Arch Controversy
The text says that Tuomo threatened to sue, however the linked mailing list post mentions only that "there may be legal repercussions". Surely the two are not always the same?

I'm also not sure if his opinion on open source software or his intentions to leave are relevant to the controversy itself, much less the Ion3 window manager.

It's possible the section needs some expanding as well. Tuomo Valkonen's primary claim was that distributing ion3 with third party patches named as if it was the official ion3 was infringing his trademark. Many people confused this with other legal issues such as copyright violation. This, in combination with several flame wars on various mailing lists, has resulted in ion3 being removed from some distrobutions, rather than renamed which was all that was required.

If someone thinks something similar to the above has a place on the main page I can have a crack at writing a section with references. Nigel McNie 13:09, 13 June 2007 (UTC)

I agree - Tuomo's threats and aggravations, against distributors and other things, were rather vague and hand-wavy (if very intense), less pointed than this suggests.

Then again, at the moment this is a rather polite way of saying Tuomo is nuts, which I think can be inferred from any reading of the ion mailing list. --68.212.72.30 02:04, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

 * He's also claimed "license violations" in NetBSD's pkgsrc because the package was out of date. . The general reaction seems to be "delete it entirely; it's not worth his hassle." --moof 08:31, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

 * He claimed more, stating that pkgsrc build facility can be considered a derivative work of the packages that it builds... He also stated: You know, I can always modify the license for future releases to not allow any particular name you choose. (It's not trademark-only.) --Ittakezou0 (talk) 17:31, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

 * "There may be legal repercussions" is enough to be scared of a lawsuit. The words of the author are not that kind of friendly nor reasonable. This software should not be considered a (L)GPL software, since the modified license adds clauses incompatible with original LGPL. The author talked about trademark infringiment of the name Ion. The patches simply added features Valkonen does not like, e.g. the use of the Xft/fontconfig AntiAliased fonts. Because of this, he says those (derivative) works must not use the name of Ion (or having it as a part), and that distributors was trying to deceive users (so according to him their behaviour was a fraud). There's enough to be scared about. --Ittakezou0 (talk) 17:31, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

In the infobox it says the license is "LGPL with non-free clauses". How is it possible to mix LGPL with non-free clauses and still call it LGPL? And doesn't this make the software non-FOSS? So how can it be part of Linux distros at all?--87.162.27.188 (talk) 15:36, 23 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Well, it's basically his own custom license that builds upon the LGPL. Whether it can still be considered FOSS is for the lawyers to decide, as far as I know he only objects to modified versions using the same name, you can still look at and modify the source code, which is what counts. Distros are free to include all levels of non-free software to their repository, btw. There are just individual distributions (debian as far as I know is the most prominent one) that have a free-software-only rule. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gerald Jarosch (talk • contribs) 19:15, 7 December 2012 (UTC)

Opinions
I must first say, I dont like his Ego. BUT whatever is written in a mailling list by him should recieve LESS PRIORITY than REAL ACTIONS. So far, Ion is still open source and before he *really* changes this approach, this article here should NOT HINT at it. Because, hinting at something which does NOT happen, is pure speculation guys! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.108.103.172 (talk) 03:00, 30 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, let me first of all just say that I did talk to the author personally and the view presented on this Wikipedia article are indeed not his intentions. However, the posts in question could at least be interpreted as him intending to close the source after the final release of version 3, which would've been perfecly consistent with his actions so far so talking about actions here are meaningless. Debolaz 11:24, 30 September 2007 (UTC)
 * And even if his actions are different than his words it would be more consistent with wikipedia to publish the inconsistencies than to remove the cited letters that are yet disputed as coming from the author. Censoring the article for the hope that the author forgets what he wrote, or so as to let this blow off, seems to go against WP:CENSOR. EvanCarroll 03:36, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

Use the google: http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?p=69724#69724 "Or I could make it closed source, but I thought Ion3 would be my final gift to the FOSS herd, that it can never hope to repay. After that I'll be sticking to writing closed source -- perhaps for Windows. The FOSS herd simply isn't worth my work." —Preceding unsigned comment added by TheNewLayoutSucks (talk • contribs) 09:01, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

License
The license is listed as LGPL. This is blatantly incorrect. It is a modified version of it which is no-longer free and no longer FSF or OSI approved. Older version of ion were LGPL and not-proprietary but now Ion is using a license which is not an open-source license (OSI's trademark). I'm just not sure what to say the license it, saying it is a custom-LGPL gives the impression it is open-source when in fact it is a proprietary license with the source available. --SingleIssueComplainer (talk) 22:31, 18 December 2007 (UTC)

Dynamic wm
I undid the change that said Ion was a dynamic window manager. It is not. With the definition provided under Dynamic window manager Ion would be dynamic but this definition is wrong as I've already said on the discussion page Talk:Dynamic_window_manager (a year ago). A source for this is the clear statement under [] that says it is static and the sources I provided on said discussion page. I found no source that would support the definition used in the Dynamic window manager page, the german article that is used as the source in this article says _nothing_ of that sort. I write this here in the hope that a native speaker could help to correct the Dynamic window manager article. I already called attention to this a year ago, but the article is still the same, as I'm not a native speaker I think my english is not good enough to change it myself. --Pp323 (talk) 14:12, 22 August 2010 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Ion (window manager)


text:
William Adams Richardson

William Adams Richardson (November 2, 1821 – October 19, 1896) was an American lawyer who served as the 29th United States secretary of the treasury from 1873 to 1874. During his tenure, the Panic of 1873 swept the nation and caused a depression that lasted five years. He controversially responded by issuing $26 million in greenbacks, which averted the crisis, although there was debate as to whether he had the authority to do so. His tenure was marred by the Sanborn incident in 1874, which involved favoritism and profiteering in the collection of unpaid taxes. He was later appointed a judge, and subsequently the chief justice, of the United States Court of Claims.

Education and career
Born on November 2, 1821, in Tyngsborough, Massachusetts, Richardson studied at Pinkerton Academy and Lawrence Academy at Groton. Richardson received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1843, and an Artium Magister degree in 1846, both from Harvard University and a Bachelor of Laws in 1846 from Harvard Law School. He passed the Massachusetts' bar in July 1846.

Richardson entered private practice in Lowell, Massachusetts in 1846. Richardson entered partnership and practiced law with his older brother Daniel Samuel, who had a large practice in Lowell. As the junior law partner, Richardson was considered to be a painstaking methodical office attorney.

He served in the militia, first as a judge advocate with the rank of major and later as an aide to Governor George N. Briggs with the rank of lieutenant colonel. He was a Justice of the peace for Middlesex County, Massachusetts from 1847 to 1854. He was a bank President in Wamesit, Massachusetts from 1852 to 1853.

He was president of the Common Council of Lowell from 1853 to 1854, and president of the Mechanics' Association. He was appointed to revise the statutes of Massachusetts in 1855, and subsequently chosen by the legislature to edit the annual supplements of the general statutes, which he continued to do for 22 years. He was a judge of the Middlesex County Probate Court from 1856 to 1858. He was a judge of the Middlesex County Probate and Insolvency Courts from 1858 to 1872. He was an overseer of Harvard from 1863 to 1875.

Federal executive branch service
Richardson was a United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury from 1869 to 1872. He was Acting Attorney General for the United States Department of Justice in 1870. He was United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1873 to 1874, under President Ulysses S. Grant.

Tenure as Secretary of the Treasury
During Richardson's tenure the Panic of 1873 swept the nation and caused a depression that lasted five years. Richardson responded by controversially releasing $26,000,000 in paper money reserves in an inflationist measure to help alleviate the effects of the general panic. There was debate whether Richardson had the authority to do so, however, Congress had not passed a law to forbid such an action. Richardson secured the $15,000,000 award from the Alabama Claims through the retirement of United States bonds held in Europe. This was to ensure that no gold had to be transferred overseas by ship.

The post-war economy had expanded so quickly that commercial banks became nervous and began calling in their loans. As a result, in the summer of 1873 the money supply tightened drastically, causing the Panic of 1873. Richardson responded by issuing $26 million in greenbacks to meet the demand. The legality of his action was doubtful, but the Congress did not interfere and the crisis was eased. Such cycles of expansion and panic continued for the next thirty years, however, and were the basis for the creation of the Federal Reserve in 1913.

Richardson's tenure was marred by the Sanborn Incident, which involved favoritism and profiteering in the collection of unpaid taxes. Pressure mounted for Richardson to be removed; he tendered his resignation, which President Grant accepted. As a face-saving gesture, Grant then appointed Richardson as a Judge of the Court of Claims.

Federal judicial service
Richardson was nominated by President Ulysses S. Grant on June 1, 1874, to a Judge seat on the Court of Claims (later the United States Court of Claims) vacated by Judge Samuel Milligan. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 2, 1874, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on January 20, 1885, due to his elevation to be Chief Justice of the same court.

Richardson was nominated by President Chester A. Arthur on January 15, 1885, to the Chief Justice seat on the Court of Claims vacated by Chief Justice Charles D. Drake. He was confirmed by the Senate on January 20, 1885, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on October 19, 1896, due to his death in Washington, D.C. He was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.

Other service
Concurrent with his federal judicial service, Richardson was the editor of the Supplement to the Revised Statutes of the United States from 1874 to 1891, as well as a professor of law at Georgetown Law from 1879 to 1894. Richardson was also a member of the District of Columbia Society of the Sons of the Revolution.

Family
Richardson's father was Daniel Richardson who practiced law and was Tyngsborough's postmaster, and his mother was Mary Adams of Chelmsford. Richardson was the descendant of Ezekiel Richardson who settled in Massachusetts Bay in 1630. Richardson's mother died in 1825 and her sister became his step-mother the next year.

Works
He prepared and edited:
 * The Banking Laws of Massachusetts (Lowell, 1855)
 * Supplement to the General Statutes of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, with George P. Sanger (Boston, 1860–1882)
 * Practical information concerning the public debt of the United States: with the national banking laws (Washington, D.C., 1872)
 * Supplement to the Revised Statutes of the United States, 2nd ed. (1881)
 * History, Jurisdiction, and Practice of the Court of Claims (United States) (1882–1885)

title: William Adams Richardson


text:
Granitoid

A granitoid is a generic term for a diverse category of coarse-grained igneous rocks that consist predominantly of quartz, plagioclase, and alkali feldspar. Granitoids range from plagioclase-rich tonalites to alkali-rich syenites and from quartz-poor monzonites to quartz-rich quartzolites. As only two of the three defining mineral groups (quartz, plagioclase, and alkali feldspar) need to be present for the rock to be called a granitoid, foid-bearing rocks, which predominantly contain feldspars but no quartz, are also granitoids. The terms granite and granitic rock are often used interchangeably for granitoids; however, granite is just one particular type of granitoid.

Granitoids are diverse; no classification system for granitoids can give a complete and unique characterization of the origin, compositional evolution, and geodynamic environment for the genesis of a granitoid. Accordingly, multiple granitoid classification systems have been developed such as those based on: geochemistry, modal content, emplacement depth, and tectonic regime.

Generalizations
There are several generalizations that apply to the majority of granitoids. Typically, granitoids occur where orogeny thickens continental crust either by subduction yielding a continental arc or by convergence yielding continental collisions. Generally, the evolution to granitoid magmas requires a thermal disturbance to ascent though continental crust. Most granitoids are generated from crustal anatexis, the partial melting of the crust; however the mantle may contribute both heat and material. Granitoids can occur coeval with volcanic rocks that have equivalent chemical composition (granite–rhyolite, syenite–trachyte, granodiorite–dacite etc.) however, these extrusive rocks are often eroded so just the plutonic rocks outcrop. Granitoids can form in all tectonic environments.

There are numerous exceptions to these generalizations. For example, granitoids can form in anorogenic environments, a granitoid source rock can be from the mantle (for example, at intraplate hotspots) and the melting mechanism can be radiogenic crustal heat.

title: Granitoid


text:
Talk:Kieren Keke

Untitled
Hello, I was on Nauru in th 60s and had a wisdom tooth removed by Dr Ludvig Keke. Is there any interest in the Nauru of the 60s?

- I just moved this sentence from the article page, and I'd like to encourage whoever wrote it to contribute. It's the Wikipedia, there's interest in any topic you're willing to write on --TOO 02:20, Jul 22, 2004 (UTC)

I have found an image online of Kieren Keke, but I don't know how to add it. Could you explain how tot do that? Mathias Voorhees (talk) 16:26, 19 November 2018 (UTC)

Citizenship?
It appears that Keke has dual citizenship. Does anyone know what other country he's a citizen of? Aridd (talk) 14:31, 29 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I've found the answer: he has Australian citizenship as well as Nauruan. Aridd (talk) 09:50, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kieren Keke


text:
KLTV

KLTV (channel 7) is a television station licensed to Tyler, Texas, United States, serving East Texas as an affiliate of ABC and Telemundo. Owned by Gray Television, the station maintains studios on West Ferguson Street in downtown Tyler (between the Smith County and United States courthouses), and its transmitter is located in rural northern Smith County (near the Wood County line).

KTRE (channel 9) in Lufkin operates as a semi-satellite of KLTV. As such, it simulcasts all network and syndicated programming as provided through KLTV but airs separate commercial inserts, legal identifications, weeknight newscasts and Sunday morning religious programs, and has its own website. KLTV serves the northern half of the Tyler–Longview–Lufkin–Nacogdoches market while KTRE serves the southern portion. The two stations are counted as a single unit for ratings purposes. Although KTRE maintains its own studios on TV Road (near US 69) in the unincorporated community of Pollok, master control and some internal operations are based at KLTV's facilities.

History
The station first signed on the air on October 14, 1954; it was founded by the locally-based company Buford Television, which was owned by Lucille Buford. KLTV has been an ABC affiliate since its debut; however, it initially carried the network as a secondary service, while it shared primary affiliation with both CBS and NBC; the station also aired programming from the DuMont Television Network on a secondary basis until 1955. The station originally operated from studio facilities on Texas Loop 323 on the east side of Tyler. In 1964, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) collapsed Lufkin and Nacogdoches into the Tyler market. Soon afterward, the Buford family bought KTRE and converted it into a semi-satellite of KLTV.

KLTV lost the CBS affiliation in September 1984, when Longview-based KLMG-TV (channel 51, now Fox affiliate KFXK-TV) signed on. It retained a secondary affiliation with NBC until KETK-TV (channel 56) signed on in March 1987, resulting in channel 7 becoming an exclusive ABC affiliate. Buford Television owned KLTV and KTRE until 1989, when it sold the stations to Jackson, Mississippi–based Civic Communications. In 1996, KLTV relocated its operations from its longtime studios on Texas Loop 323 in eastern Tyler to a new facility downtown, located in a former savings & loan branch and office complex near the Smith County courthouse; the former studio facility was demolished in November 2007. Civic merged with Cosmos Broadcasting, a division of the Liberty Corporation in 2000. That same year, Liberty sold its insurance businesses to the Royal Bank of Canada, resulting in the retirement of the "Cosmos Broadcasting" banner. Liberty sold itself to Raycom Media in 2006.

In October 2004, KLTV celebrated its 50th anniversary.

At approximately 7:30a.m. on February 3, 2006 (one day after Raycom officially took ownership of the station), KLTV's 1078 ft broadcast transmitter in Red Springs collapsed taking both its over-the-air analog and digital signals as well as radio station KVNE (89.5 FM) off the air; no one was reported injured as a result. Cox Communications (which sold its East Texas systems to Suddenlink Communications in 2007) continued to carry KLTV's standard and high definition feeds via a fiber optic connection; however, DirecTV and Dish Network customers were not able to receive the station. KLTV re-established an analog signal at reduced power from its former studio and transmitter location in eastern Tyler within 13 hours of the collapse. No cause for the collapse has been disclosed to date.

A new Harris transmitter—on a tower slightly less than half the height of the one that collapsed—was installed the following day, allowing resumption of full-power broadcasts from the Tyler site, allowing over-the-air viewers to watch ABC's broadcast of Super Bowl XL over its analog signal; the digital signal was restored several days later. KLTV restored its analog over-the-air signal from its original tower while also being restored on DirecTV, Dish Network and other area cable providers. Its analog transmitter equipment was not damaged and was supplemented at the original tower site with a newer transmitter. However, its over-the-air high definition and digital television transmission equipment was a total loss. In March and April 2007, KLTV ran a "Flip the Switch" promotion to promote the completion of the new Red Springs tower. Viewers were urged to submit 30-second videos to show why they should be selected to turn on the tower, with the winner being selected by popular vote on the station's website. On April 17, 2007, at approximately 6:58p.m., contest winner Jeff Heimer officially flipped the switch to turn on the new transmitter and tower.

In January 2011, KLTV started "KLTV in Your Community", a section of its website serving as a branch for citizen journalism, or community blogging; the blog sites are separated into fifteen East Texas communities with Tyler divided into four quadrants by city section. It has since been shut down.

On June 25, 2018, Gray Television announced that it was merging with Raycom, under the Gray name. When the merger was approved by the FCC and the Justice Department, it made KLTV (and KTRE) a sister station to adjacent market stations KXII in Sherman, KBTX in Bryan and KWTX in Waco in addition to the current Raycom sister stations, while separating it from KXXV. The sale was approved on December 20 and was completed on January 2, 2019.

News operation
KLTV presently broadcasts $31 1/2$ hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with $5 1/2$ hours each weekday and two hours each on Saturdays and Sundays); unlike most ABC affiliates, the stations do not broadcast an early evening newscast on Sundays. Lufkin semi-satellite KTRE simulcasts KLTV's weekday morning, midday, 4 p.m., 5 p.m. and weekend morning and evening newscasts. Channel 7 has been the dominant station in the market for most of its history and its newscasts routinely garner several times the number of viewers of its nearest competitor. KLTV and its staff have received several awards including seven Lone Star Emmy Awards.

The station's longtime slogan is "Proud of East Texas", which has been used since 1985. In a June 2006 article, the Longview News-Journal reported KLTV continued its dominance in the area with an estimated 70,000 households tuning into its weeknight 10 p.m. broadcast. KETK-TV was second with about 12,000 viewers and KYTX was watched by an estimated 9,000 viewers. The station was nominated in 2008 for eleven Lone Star Emmy Awards including: best morning and evening newscasts, weather, along with several news/sports specials and reporting. On June 21, 2010, KLTV became the third television station in the Tyler–Longview market to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition. On September 10, 2012, KLTV debuted an hour-long weekday afternoon newscast at 4 p.m.

Notable former on-air staff

 * Sandra Brown – weather anchor (now a best-selling author)
 * Devin Scillian – news anchor (1986–1989); now at WDIV-TV in Detroit, and also a children's author and country singer

Subchannels
The stations' signals are multiplexed:

On digital subchannel 7.2, the station carries The365 television network; the subchannel is also carried on Suddenlink Communications digital channel 247. The subchannel launched on December 14, 2005, as the "StormTracker 24/7 Weather Channel", a local weather service consisting of temperatures, weather conditions and a live feed of the station's Doppler radar (branded as the "StormTracker 7 Live Doppler Network") on a rotating schedule; the subchannel affiliated with This TV in December 2009, it later switched to Bounce TV on January 1, 2012. On January 1, 2020, Circle debuted on 7.2, displacing Bounce TV to 7.4. Circle remained until the channel was shut down on December 31, 2023, being replaced by The365. On digital subchannel 7.3, the station carries Telemundo; the subchannel is also carried on Suddenlink channel 22.

Analog-to-digital conversion
The station installed its digital transmitter tower on September 23, 2005; on December 14, KLTV became the second television station in East Texas to launch a digital signal, broadcasting on VHF channel 10. KLTV shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 7, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition VHF channel 10 to channel 7 for post-transition operations.

Translators
On July 27, 2021, Gray Television signed K31PR on the air as a full simulcast partner of the main KLTV signal. Both stations air an identical subchannel line-up, with K31PR's coverage area encompassed entirely by the larger KLTV signal.

On March 14, 2023, digital translator K21PE-D was tested at its upgraded site on the KLTV tower, with a license to cover the new signal filed the following day. Concurrently, Gray Television filed a silent notification for K31PR-D, as the translator discontinued broadcasting on March 4, 2023, indicating that the company was doing so in preparation for the channel 31 facility to further upgrade through an upcoming filing.

Cable and satellite
On cable, KLTV is available on Suddenlink Communications channel 7 and in high definition on digital channel 720. Dish, DirecTV and several smaller cable providers also carry the station.

Over-the-air
KLTV is available throughout much of East Texas, such as Tyler, Athens***, Canton***, Carthage*, Gilmer, Henderson, Jacksonville, Jefferson*, Kilgore, Lindale, Longview**, Marshall*, Mineola, Mount Pleasant, Mount Vernon, Palestine***, Pittsburg, Rusk, and Sulphur Springs***.

 * – This city can receive KLTV over the air despite being in the Shreveport market.

 * – This city can receive KLTV over the air despite parts of the city being in the Shreveport market.

 * – This city can receive KLTV over the air despite being in the Dallas–Fort Worth market.

In other parts of the market, such as Lufkin, Nacogdoches and Crockett, KLTV is unavailable over the air, but viewers can receive sister station KTRE.

title: KLTV


text:
Talk:Big Boi

Untitled
His youngest son is the one nicknamed Bamboo:

"Got a son on the way by the name of Bamboo Got a lil baby girl for a year Jordan"

From Bombs Over Baghdad, this indicates Jordan is older. Also, Bamboo is featured in a skit on Speakerboxxx where he is clearly of toddler age (2-3 years old) which is consistent time-wise with him being "on the way" when BOB was recorded. Also, it's strange that Bamboo would be a nickname given to the child before he was born - I'm pretty sure it's his actual name, as Cross is never mentioned and not cited in the article.

Womanizing
I just changed the statement that Big Boi's musical personal enjoys "partying and womanizing" to just "partying." The word "womanizing" would lead someone unfamiliar with his work to think of Snoop or Shaggy. It's just too strong a word for Big Boi's persona. I reckon either statement would violate WP:OR in any case. JonathanPenton 19:46, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Big Boi


text:
Cup product

In mathematics, specifically in algebraic topology, the cup product is a method of adjoining two cocycles of degree p and q to form a composite cocycle of degree p + q. This defines an associative (and distributive) graded commutative product operation in cohomology, turning the cohomology of a space X into a graded ring, H∗(X), called the cohomology ring. The cup product was introduced in work of J. W. Alexander, Eduard Čech and Hassler Whitney from 1935–1938, and, in full generality, by Samuel Eilenberg in 1944.

Definition
In singular cohomology, the cup product is a construction giving a product on the graded cohomology ring H∗(X) of a topological space X.

The construction starts with a product of cochains: if $$\alpha^p$$ is a p-cochain and $$\beta^q$$ is a q-cochain, then
 * $$(\alpha^p \smile \beta^q)(\sigma) = \alpha^p(\sigma \circ \iota_{0,1, ... p}) \cdot \beta^q(\sigma \circ \iota_{p,p+1, ..., p + q})$$

where σ is a singular (p + q) -simplex and $$\iota_S, S \subset \{0,1,...,p+q \} $$ is the canonical embedding of the simplex spanned by S into the $$(p+q)$$-simplex whose vertices are indexed by $$\{0,...,p+q \}$$.

Informally, $$ \sigma \circ \iota_{0,1, ..., p}$$ is the p-th front face and $$\sigma \circ \iota_{p, p+1, ..., p + q}$$ is the q-th back face of σ, respectively.

The coboundary of the cup product of cochains $$\alpha^p$$ and $$\beta^q$$ is given by
 * $$\delta(\alpha^p \smile \beta^q) = \delta{\alpha^p} \smile \beta^q + (-1)^p(\alpha^p \smile \delta{\beta^q}).$$

The cup product of two cocycles is again a cocycle, and the product of a coboundary with a cocycle (in either order) is a coboundary. The cup product operation induces a bilinear operation on cohomology,
 * $$ H^p(X) \times H^q(X) \to H^{p+q}(X). $$

Properties
The cup product operation in cohomology satisfies the identity
 * $$\alpha^p \smile \beta^q = (-1)^{pq}(\beta^q \smile \alpha^p)$$

so that the corresponding multiplication is graded-commutative.

The cup product is functorial, in the following sense: if
 * $$f\colon X\to Y$$

is a continuous function, and
 * $$f^*\colon H^*(Y)\to H^*(X)$$

is the induced homomorphism in cohomology, then
 * $$f^*(\alpha \smile \beta) =f^*(\alpha) \smile f^*(\beta),$$

for all classes α, β in H *(Y). In other words, f * is a (graded) ring homomorphism.

Interpretation
It is possible to view the cup product $$ \smile \colon H^p(X) \times H^q(X) \to H^{p+q}(X)$$ as induced from the following composition:"$ \displaystyle C^\bullet(X) \times C^\bullet(X) \to C^\bullet(X \times X) \overset{\Delta^*}{\to} C^\bullet(X) $"in terms of the chain complexes of $$X$$ and $$X \times X$$, where the first map is the Künneth map and the second is the map induced by the diagonal $$ \Delta \colon X \to X \times X$$.

This composition passes to the quotient to give a well-defined map in terms of cohomology, this is the cup product. This approach explains the existence of a cup product for cohomology but not for homology: $$ \Delta \colon X \to X \times X$$ induces a map $$\Delta^* \colon H^\bullet(X \times X) \to H^\bullet(X)$$ but would also induce a map $$\Delta_* \colon H_\bullet(X) \to H_\bullet(X \times X)$$, which goes the wrong way round to allow us to define a product. This is however of use in defining the cap product.

Bilinearity follows from this presentation of cup product, i.e. $$ (u_1 + u_2) \smile v = u_1 \smile v + u_2 \smile v $$ and $$ u \smile (v_1 + v_2) = u \smile v_1 + u \smile v_2. $$

Examples
Cup products may be used to distinguish manifolds from wedges of spaces with identical cohomology groups. The space $$X:= S^2\vee S^1\vee S^1$$ has the same cohomology groups as the torus T, but with a different cup product. In the case of X the multiplication of the cochains associated to the copies of $$S^1$$ is degenerate, whereas in T multiplication in the first cohomology group can be used to decompose the torus as a 2-cell diagram, thus having product equal to Z (more generally M where this is the base module).

Cup product and differential forms
In de Rham cohomology, the cup product of differential forms is induced by the wedge product. In other words, the wedge product of two closed differential forms belongs to the de Rham class of the cup product of the two original de Rham classes.

Cup product and geometric intersections
For oriented manifolds, there is a geometric heuristic that "the cup product is dual to intersections."

Indeed, let $$M$$ be an oriented  smooth manifold of dimension $$n$$. If two submanifolds $$A,B$$ of codimension $$i$$ and $$j$$ intersect transversely, then their intersection $$A \cap B$$ is again a submanifold of codimension $$i+j$$. By taking the images of the fundamental homology classes of these manifolds under inclusion, one can obtain a bilinear product on homology. This product is Poincaré dual to the cup product, in the sense that taking the Poincaré pairings $$[A]^*, [B]^* \in H^{i},H^{j}$$ then there is  the following equality :

$$[A]^* \smile [B]^*=[A \cap B]^* \in H^{i+j}(X, \mathbb Z)$$.

Similarly, the linking number can be defined in terms of intersections, shifting dimensions by 1, or alternatively in terms of a non-vanishing cup product on the complement of a link.

Massey products

The cup product is a binary (2-ary) operation; one can define a ternary (3-ary) and higher order operation called the Massey product, which generalizes the cup product. This is a higher order cohomology operation, which is only partly defined (only defined for some triples).

title: Cup product


text:
PS1

PS1, Ps 1, PS-1, PS/1 or PS One may refer to:

Arts and entertainment

 * Ponniyin Selvan: I or PS I, a 2022 Indian Tamil language period action-drama film by Mani Ratnam
 * Ponniyin Selvan: I (soundtrack), its soundtrack album by A. R. Rahman

Technology

 * "$PS1", "Prompt String 1" the environment variable in a command-line interface which specifies the command prompt
 * IBM PS/1, IBM Personal System/1 series of home computers
 * Pan-STARRS' first telescope, called PS1
 * PostScript Type 1 Font
 * Prosteyshiy Sputnik 1, the first artificial Earth satellite
 * .ps1, the extension of a Microsoft PowerShell script file

Video gaming

 * PlayStation (console), video game console released by Sony in 1994
 * PS One (console), a miniature version of the original PlayStation released in 2000
 * Phantasy Star (video game), the first in the Phantasy Star series
 * PlanetSide (video game), the first in the PlanetSide MMOFPS video game series

Other uses

 * Photosystem I, the second photosystem in the photosynthetic light reactions of plants
 * MoMA PS1 (derived from "Public School One"), American contemporary art institution
 * The name and designation for several public schools in the New York City Department of Education; see List of public elementary schools in New York City
 * Psalm 1 from the Judeo-Christian Book of Psalms
 * The boxcar in the PS line of post-war standardized freight cars from Pullman-Standard

title: PS1


text:
Subaru 360

The Subaru 360 is a rear-engined, two-door city car manufactured and marketed by Subaru from 1958 to 1971. As the company's first mass-produced automobile, production reached 392,000 over its 12-year model run.

Noted for its small overall size, 1,000 lb curb weight, monocoque construction, swing axle rear suspension, fiberglass roof panel, and rear-hinged doors, the inexpensive car was designed in response to the Japanese government's light car or Kei car regulations and its proposal for a larger "national car," both intended to help motorize the post WWII Japanese population. The 360's overall size and engine capacity complied with Japan's Kei car regulations.

Nicknamed the "ladybug" in Japan, and ultimately superseded by R-2, the 360 was one of Japan's most popular cars and was available in a single generation in two-door, station wagon ("Custom"), "convertible" (a sedan with a roll-back fabric roof) and sporting variants. The two-door sedans' model code is K111, while the wagon is known as K142. Ten thousand were sold in the United States, imported by Malcolm Bricklin and advertised as "Cheap and Ugly."

The nameplate 360 derived from its tax-limited engine displacement: 356 cc.

Design
The 360 featured an air-cooled, two-stroke inline 2-cylinder 356 cc engine mounted transversely at the rear, and was introduced March 3, 1958.

As with the two-stroke Saab 93s and other small two-stroke gas engines, oil needed to be premixed with the petrol (gasoline), with the fuel tank lid serving as a measuring cup. In 1964, the "Subarumatic" lubrication system provided automatic mixing via a reservoir in the engine compartment.

Floor-mounted controls located between the driver and passenger seat included choke, heater and fuel cut-off — the latter to accommodate gravity fed fuel which obviated the need for a fuel pump. The initial production featured a full metal dash board and three-speed manual gearbox, while subsequent models featured a partially padded dash with an open glove compartment, pop-out rear quarter windows, split front bench seat, map pockets, a four-speed manual and optional three-speed-based 'Autoclutch' transmission — the latter which eliminated the clutch pedal and operated the clutch via an electromagnet.

Final assembly included wheel alignment, brake testing, chassis dynometer, headlight testing, and high-pressure water spray testing.

In contrast to the Volkswagen Beetle, the 360 is much smaller, less powerful, and was not nearly as well accepted in the global marketplace. The body was of monocoque construction and used a lightweight fiberglass roof panel. In the post war period, more automobiles would switch to unibody construction, which is now the norm for passenger cars and even many light trucks. Many of the ideas came from engineers from the former Nakajima Aircraft Company, which became Fuji Heavy Industries. The "suicide doors" are hinged at the rear, which Consumer Reports remarked could and did result in a partially locked door pulling open in the wind during testing.

Performance
Equipped with a 3-speed manual transmission, the 360 had a top speed of 60 mi/h, and with a curb weight under 1000 pounds, the 360 was exempt from compliance with US safety regulations. Consumer Reports recorded a 0-60 time of about 37 seconds and reported 25 - 35 mpgus, despite Subaru's claimed 66 mpgus. When introduced in 1958, the 360's engine produced 16 hp. By the end of production, power had increased to 25 hp with a 36 hp twin-carbureted engine optionally available, achieving 100 hp per liter. The performance and size limitations were largely the result of it having been engineered and designed for Japanese driving conditions, as the speed limits in Japan are realistically set at 40 km/h in urban areas, with average driving distances at 5 - 8 mi per day.

Variants
Several variants were produced, including a station wagon (called the Custom), a convertible, and two sport models known as 1) the Subaru Young S, which had a slightly upgraded (EK32 "F") engine and transmission (4 gears instead of 3), bucket seats and a tachometer along with a black, white striped roof with a dent along the middle to put one's surfboard, and 2) the Subaru Young SS, which had all the Young S enhancements, but also the EK32 "S" engine with chromed cylinders and dual BS32 Mikuni Solex carburetors, producing 36 PS - and 100 brake horsepower per litre. From 1961 onwards, a flat-nosed truck and van called the Sambar were also produced using the 360's engine, with arrangements similar to the Volkswagen Transporter in a smaller size. Many small businesses became very successful thanks to the pickup's small size for tight streets, quickness, ease to drive and great fuel economy. Available in Japan between November 1960 and 1966, an export version, known as the Subaru 450, increased the engine's displacement to 423 cc using the Subaru EK51 series engine. This model was also given the name Subaru Maia. The Maia variant was the sole sedan model imported into Australia (approximately 35 examples) in 1961 - along with approximately 38 Sambar vans and trucks.

Export
A used car dealer in Ballarat, Victoria (Frank O'Brien) brought approximately 73 Subaru 360 vehicles into Australia in 1961. This was a mix of Maia sedans and Sambar vans and trucks. Unfortunately they suffered from overheating problems and although a solution was eventually found, it came too late, as the associated losses were too great for the dealership to cope with and further importations ceased.

From 1968, approximately 10,000 were exported to the US, with an original price of $1,297 ($0 in dollars ). The 360 was imported to the United States by Malcolm Bricklin before he later manufactured his own cars. The Subaru 360 received notoriety in 1969, when Consumer Reports magazine branded the automobile "Not Acceptable" because of safety concerns and lack of power. Because the car weighed under 1000 pounds, it was exempt from normal safety standards, but it was reported that it fared badly in a test crash against a large American car with the bumper ending up in the passenger compartment of the Subaru.

Sales soon collapsed, and there were various rumors of Subaru 360s being tossed overboard or being shredded to pieces. It was also reported that many 360s sat on dealers' lots for two or three years without ever being purchased.

The Subaru 360 was replaced by the less popular but more advanced R-2 which was quickly superseded by the long-lived Subaru Rex model.

title: Subaru 360


text:
List of PlayStation 3 games (A–C)

There are currently 2562 games in this table across all pages: A to C, D to I, J to P, and Q to Z. It does not include PlayStation minis, PS one Classics or PS2 Classics.

title: List of PlayStation 3 games (A–C)


text:
Minister for Women and Gender Equality and Youth

The minister for women and gender equality and youth (ministre des femmes et de l’égalité des genres et de la jeunesse) a minister of the Crown and member of the Canadian Cabinet. The position is responsible for the Department for Women and Gender Equality and the youth portfolio is associated with the Department of Canadian Heritage.

History
The position previously existed as Minister of Status of Women, responsible for what was then known as Status of Women Canada. Traditionally, the office that held the Status of Women portfolio under their purview, that minister has been designated the additional honorary title of Minister responsible for the Status of Women.

The Status of Women portfolio was originally created in 1971 as a product of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women (created in 1967), who completed their report in 1970. The title of Minister for Women and Gender Equality was created in 2018, following the passage of the Budget Implementation Act, 2018, No. 2 and the creation of the Department fort Women and Gender Equality, separating Status of Women Canada from the Department of Canadian Heritage. Responsibility for youth issues was added to the portfolio in 2021, once again associating the office with the Department of Canadian Heritage.

History
The "status of women" portfolio was originally created in 1971 as result of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women (created in 1967), who completed their report in 1970. This new position, originally titled the Office of the Co-ordinator, Status of Women, was initially meant to help implement the recommendations of the Royal Commission.

During the 1993–2003 ministry of Jean Chrétien, the position was titled Secretary of State (Status of Women), as it did not carry full cabinet rank. The first cabinet of Paul Martin also kept this title, as the office's responsibilities were delegated from the Minister of Canadian Heritage. However, in July 2004, the title reverted to Minister responsible for the Status of Women with the swearing-in of Liza Frulla, who doubled as Heritage Minister and was thus ultimately responsible for Status of Women Canada.

In 2016, the position was made a member of the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada. In 2018, following the passage of the Budget Implementation Act, 2018, No. 2, Status of Women Canada became a federal department called the Women and Gender Equality Canada (WAGE). WAGE administers the Governor General's Awards in Commemoration of the Persons Case. One of the programs started by the Status of Women Canada was an education/analysis program called gender-based Analysis Plus (GBA+).


text:
Eichstätt

Eichstätt is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eichstätt.

Location
Eichstätt lies on both sides of the river Altmühl in the district of Eichstätt of the Oberbayern region of Bavaria, in the heart of Altmühl Valley Nature Park.

Geology
Eichstätt is located in a valley of the Franconian Jura and is famous for the quarries of Solnhofen Plattenkalk (Jurassic limestone). On the Blumenberg the Berlin specimen of Archaeopteryx was found by Jakob Niemeyer.

History
St. Willibald founded the Diocese of Eichstätt on the site of an old Roman station (Aureatum or Rubilocus) in 741. The city was given walls and chartered in 908. It was ruled by a prince-bishop, and in the Holy Roman Empire was the seat of the Bishopric of Eichstätt until secularization in 1802. In 1806, it became a part of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Eichstätt was included as part of the Principality of Eichstätt, which King Maximilian I granted to his son-in-law Eugène de Beauharnais in 1817 and an episcopal see was reestablished in 1821. It reverted to the Bavarian crown in 1855.

In 870, the remains of St. Walpurga were transferred from their original Heidenheim interment to Eichstätt, where in 1035 the newer burial site was enshrined as the Benedictine Abbey of St. Walburga, which continues to this day.

In 1943, the painter Karl Friedrich Lippmann moved to Eichstätt and stayed until 1955.

Hortus Eystettensis ("Garden at Eichstätt") is the name of an important botanical book first published in 1613 and written by Basilius Besler.

World War II
Allied prisoners of war were held at Oflag VII-B in Eichstätt during World War II. Activities carried on by the prisoners there included attempted escapes and the production of plays and musical works. These included Hamlet and the Comedy of Errors by William Shakespeare, the premiere of Post-Mortem by Noël Coward and of the Ballad of Little Musgrave and Lady Barnard by Benjamin Britten.

Attractions
The town is dominated by the Willibaldsburg. Besides the cathedral, Eichstätt also has 12 churches and 10 monasteries.

Mayors

 * 1944–1945: Hans Rösch, NSDAP
 * 1945–1948: Romuald Blei
 * 1948–1949: Richard Jaeger CSU
 * 1949–1951: Romuald Blei
 * 1951–1976: Hans Hutter, CSU
 * 1976–1994: Ludwig Kärtner, CSU
 * 1994–2012: Arnulf Neumeyer, SPD
 * 2012–2020: Andreas Steppberger, FW
 * 2020–present: Josef Grienberger, CSU

Education
Eichstätt is home to the Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt (KU), the lone Catholic university in Germany. The KU was founded in 1980, and was granted full rights of a university, including Ph.D. and Habilitation degrees by the State of Bavaria.

Sons and daughters of the town

 * Tobias Barnerssoi (born 1969), alpine skier and sports reporter
 * Erhard Bauer (died 1493), municipal architect of Eger
 * Erich Emminger (1880–1951), politician (center party), minister of justice from 1923 to 1924
 * Anton Fils (1733–1760), composer
 * Edmund Harburger (1846–1906), Munich draftsman and painter
 * Johann Philipp Jeningen (1642–1704), catholic priest
 * Anna Knauer (born 1995), cyclist
 * Konrad Kyeser (1366–after 1405), nobleman and war technician of medieval Europe
 * Jörg Mager (1880–1939), electronic music pioneer and inventor
 * Caritas Pirckheimer (1467–1532), abbess in Nuremberg during the Reformation
 * Willibald Pirckheimer (1470–1530), lawyer, author humanist
 * Max von Widnmann (1812–1895), sculptor and successor of Schwanthaler as professor at the academy of fine arts in Munich (1849–1887)

Personalities connected with the city

 * Pope Victor II (Gebhard von Dollnstein-Hirschberg) (died 1057), fifth German pope 1055–1057
 * Gundekar II of Eichstätt (1019-1075), bishop, church politician, (sarcophagus in the St. John's Chapel of the Cathedral).
 * Loy Hering (1484/85–1564), Renaissance sculptor from Kaufbeuren, councilor and mayor in Eichstätt
 * Elias Holl (1573–1646), master builder from Augsburg, architect of the Willibaldsburg
 * Karl Engel, brother of Jakob Engel, carpenter and builder
 * Franz Xaver Witt (1834–1888), church musician, composer, reformer, founder of the general German Cäcilienvereine, 1870-1871 conductor of Eichstätt
 * Prince Maximilian of Saxony (1870–1951) (1870–1951), prince of the albertine branch, priestly and chaplain activity in Eichstätt, church researcher
 * Cesare Orsenigo (1873–1946 in Eichstätt), from 1930 to 1945 apostolic Nuncio in Germany, successor of Pius XII (Eugenio Pacelli) as Apostolic Nuncio in Germany
 * Karl Friedrich Lippmann (1883–1957), art painter, (New Objectivity), 1943–1955 in Eichstätt
 * Saint Walpurga, also spelled Valderburg or Guibor (AD 710 – 25 February 777 or 779), was an Anglo-Saxon missionary to the Frankish Empire. She was canonized on 1 May c. 870 by Pope Adrian II. Saint Walpurgis Night (or "Sankt Walpurgisnacht") is the name for the eve of her feast day, which coincides with May Day. At Eichstätt, her bones were moved to a rocky niche, which allegedly began to exude a miraculously therapeutic oil, which drew pilgrims to her shrine.

title: Eichstätt


text:
Soyuz 30

Soyuz 30 (Союз 30, Union 30) was a 1978 crewed Soviet space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the sixth mission to and fifth successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 30 crew were the first to visit the long-duration Soyuz 29 resident crew.

Soyuz 30 carried Pyotr Klimuk and Mirosław Hermaszewski, the first (and to date, only) Polish cosmonaut, aloft.

Mission parameters

 * Mass: 6800 kg
 * Perigee: 197.6 km
 * Apogee: 261.3 km
 * Inclination: 51.66°
 * Period: 88.83 minutes

Mission highlights
The second Intercosmos mission was launched 27 June 1978 to the orbiting Salyut 6 space station. The Soyuz docked with the space station on 29 June, and cosmonauts Klimuk and Hermaszewski were greeted by Vladimir Kovalyonok and Aleksandr Ivanchenkov, the resident crew who had been on board for 12 days. For the third time, the Salyut was a four-man orbiting space laboratory.

The activities of the Soyuz 30 crew, however, were severely curtailed so as not to interfere with the Soyuz 29 crew. On the Soyuz 29 crew's rest day, the international crew had to stay in their Soyuz to perform their experiments. Nevertheless, Hermaszewski conducted many experiments. One was crystallization experiments which produced 47 grams of cadmium tellurium mercury semiconductors for use by infra-red detectors on board the station. The yield was far greater - 50% compared to 15% - than ground-based experiments.

The Soyuz 30 crew was trained, as all international crews, in the use of the MKF-6M camera. Training in part took place on a Tu-134 flying at 10 km to best mimic conditions on the station. Hermaszewski photographed Poland in co-ordination with aircraft taking close-up photos, but bad weather over Poland limited the photo sessions. They additionally filmed the Aurora Borealis.

Hermaszewski participated in medical experiments which measured lung capacity and the heart during exercise and in a pressure suit. One experiment, which all four on board the station participated in, was Smak (the Polish word for taste), a taste experiment which sought answers to why some food was less palatable in weightlessness.

The Soyuz 30 crew packed their experiments into their capsule and returned to Earth 5 July, landing in a Rostov state farm field 300 km west of Tselinograd.

title: Soyuz 30


text:
Phryne

Phryne (Φρύνη, c. 371 BC – after 316 BC) was an ancient Greek hetaira (courtesan). Born Mnesarete, she was from Thespiae in Boeotia, but seems to have lived most of her life in Athens, where she became one of the wealthiest women in Greece.

Phryne is best known for her trial for impiety, in which she was defended by the orator Hypereides. According to legend, she was acquitted after baring her breasts to the jury, though the historical accuracy of this episode is doubtful. She also modeled for the artists Apelles and Praxiteles, and the Aphrodite of Knidos was based on her. Largely ignored during the renaissance, artistic interest in Phryne began to grow from the end of the eighteenth century; her trial was famously depicted by Jean-Léon Gérôme in the 1861 painting Phryne Before the Areopagus.

Life
Phryne was from Thespiae in Boeotia. She was probably born around 371 BC, and was the daughter of Epicles. Both Plutarch and Athenaeus say that her real name was Mnesarete. According to Plutarch she was called Phryne because she had a pale complexion like a toad (phryne in Greek); she also used the name Saperdion.

Phryne seems to have spent most of her life in Athens. She might have come there with her family following the conquest of Thespia by Thebes in 373 BC, been born in Athens to Thespian refugees following the Theban conquest, or been brought there as a girl to take part in the sex trade, as was Neaira, another fourth-century hetaira. She apparently grew up poor – comic playwrights portray her picking capers – and became one of the wealthiest women in the Greek world. According to Callistratus, after Alexander razed Thebes in 335, Phryne offered to pay to rebuild the walls. She was also said to have dedicated a statue of herself at Delphi, and a statue of Eros to Thespiae. Phryne probably lived beyond 316 BC, when Thebes was rebuilt; according to Plutarch her fame meant that she could continue to charge high fees to her clients in her old age.

Very little is known about Phryne's life for certain, and much of her biography transmitted in ancient sources may be invented: Helen Morales writes that separating fact from fiction in accounts of Phryne's life is "impossible".

Trial
The most famous event in Phryne's life was the prosecution brought by Euthias, where she was defended by Hypereides. According to legend, Hypereides exposed her breasts to the jury, who were so struck by her beauty that she was acquitted.

According to the ancient sources, Phryne was charged with asebeia, a kind of blasphemy. An anonymous treatise on rhetoric, which summarises the case against Phryne, lists three specific accusations against her – that she held a "shameless komos" or ritual procession, that she introduced a new god, and that she organised unlawful thiasoi or debauched meetings. The charge of introducing a new god had previously been used in the trial of Socrates; that of organising thiasoi is also known from the trial of Ninos. The new god that Phryne was supposed to have introduced to Athens was named by Harpocration as Isodaites; though Harpocration describes him as being "foreign" and "new", the name is Greek and other sources consider it an epithet of Dionysus, Helios, or Pluto.

The case against Phryne was brought by Euthias, one of her former lovers; Hypereides, who spoke in her defence, was also one of Phryne's lovers. According to an ancient tradition, Euthias' case against Phryne was motivated by a personal quarrel rather than Phryne's alleged impiety. Craig Cooper suggests that the trial of Phryne was politically motivated. He observes that Aristogeiton, who made a speech for the prosecution, was a political enemy of Hypereides and prosecuted him for illegally introducing a decree after the Battle of Chaeronea in 338. Hypereides' defence speech survives only in fragments, though it was greatly admired in antiquity. Two prosecution speeches are mentioned by Athenaeus, though neither survive – one composed by Anaximenes of Lampsacus and delivered by Euthias, the other composed by Aristogeiton. The date of the trial is uncertain: it must have been before Anaximenes moved to Macedon, and therefore was perhaps between 350 and 340 BC.

Famously, Phryne was said to have been acquitted after the jury saw her bare breasts – Quintilian says that she was saved "non Hyperidis actione... sed conspectu corporis" ("not by Hypereides' pleading, but by the sight of her body"). Three different versions of this story survive. In Quintilian's account, along with those of Sextus Empiricus and Philodemus, Phryne makes the decision to expose her own breasts; while in Athenaeus' version Hypereides exposed Phryne as the climax of his speech, and in Plutarch's version Hypereides exposed her because he saw that his speech had failed to persuade the jury. Christine Mitchell Havelock notes that there is separate evidence for women being brought into the courtroom to arouse the sympathy of the jury, and that in ancient Greece baring the breasts was a gesture intended to arouse such a compassionate response, so Phryne's supposed behaviour in the court is not without parallel in Greek practice. However, this episode probably never happened. It was not mentioned in Posidippus' version of the trial in his comedy Ephesian Woman, quoted by Athenaeus. Ephesian Woman was produced c. 290 BC, and the story of Phryne bearing her breasts therefore probably postdates this. In Posidippus' version, Phryne personally pleaded with each of the jurors at her trial for them to save her life, and it was this which secured her acquittal. The story of Phryne baring her breasts may have been invented by Idomeneus of Lampsacus. Though all of the ancient accounts assume that Phryne was on trial for her life, asebeia was not necessarily punished by death; it was an agōn timētos, in which the jury would decide on the punishment if the accused was convicted.

Hermippus reports that after Phryne's acquittal, Euthias was so furious that he never spoke publicly again. Kapparis suggests that in fact he was disenfranchised, possibly because he failed to gain one fifth of the jurors' votes and was unable to pay the subsequent fine. The trial of Phryne also supposedly led to two new laws being passed governing courtroom behaviour: one forbade the accused being present while the jury considered their decision; the other forbade lament in the courtroom.

Model
Phryne was the model for two of the great artists of classical Greece, Praxiteles and Apelles. She is most famously associated with Praxiteles' Aphrodite of Knidos, the first three-dimensional and monumentally-sized female nude in ancient Greek art. However, this association appears only in Athenaeus and the sixth-century rhetorician Choricius of Gaza; it is not mentioned by other ancient authors who discuss the Knidia such as Pliny the Elder, and Clement of Alexandria names the model for the Knidia not as Phryne but Cratina.

Praxiteles also produced a golden or gilt statue of Phryne which was displayed – according to Pausanias dedicated by Phryne herself – in the sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi. This may have been the first female portrait ever dedicated at Delphi; it was certainly the only statue of a woman alone to be dedicated before the Roman period. According to Pliny, Phryne was also the model for Praxiteles' sculpture of a smiling courtesan, and one of Praxiteles' sculptures of Eros was said to have been inspired by his desire for Phryne.

Like Praxiteles, Apelles used Phryne as a model for Aphrodite. According to Athenaeus, he was inspired by the sight of Phryne walking naked into the sea at Eleusis to use her as a model for his painting of Aphrodite Anadyomene (Aphrodite Rising from the Sea). This work was on display at the sanctuary of Asclepius on the Greek island of Kos, and by the first century AD it appears to have been one of Apelles' best-known works.

Reception
Phryne was largely ignored during the Renaissance, in favour of more heroic female figures such as Lucretia, but interest in depicting her increased in the eighteenth century with the advent of Neoclassicism. Early depictions of her by Angelica Kauffmann and J. M. W. Turner avoid eroticising her, but in the latter half of the nineteenth century, French academic painters focused more on the eroticism of Phryne's life. The most famous nineteenth century depiction of Phryne was Jean-Léon Gérôme's Phryne before the Areopagus, which was controversial for showing her covering her face in shame, in the same pose that Gérôme used in several paintings of slaves in Eastern slave-markets. Driven by this controversy, Gérôme's painting was widely reproduced and caricatured, with engravings by Léopold Flameng, a bronze by Alexandre Falguière, and a painting by Paul Cézanne all modelled after Gérôme's Phryne. In nineteenth century literature, Phryne appears in the poetry of Charles Baudelaire and Rainer Maria Rilke. In Baudelaire's "Lesbos", from Les Fleurs du Mal, she is used metonymically to represent courtesans in general. In Rilke's Die Flamingos, the flamingos are compared to Phryne, as they seduce themselves – by folding their wings over their own heads – more effectively than even she could ("they seem to think / themselves seductive; that their charms surpass / a Phryne’s"). Late nineteenth-century depictions of Phryne in other media included a waltz by Antonin d'Argenton, a shadow-theatre production by Maurice Donnay – where the scene of Phryne's trial was modelled on Gérôme's painting –, and a comic opera by Camille Saint-Saëns.

In the twentieth century, Phryne made the transition to cinema. Alessandro Blasetti's "Il processo di Frine" adapted the story of Phryne's trial with a contemporary setting, based on a short story by Edoardo Scarfoglio. The following year, the peplum film Frine, cortigiana d'Oriente ("Phryne, the Oriental Courtesan") was released. Both films depict Phryne's disrobing at her trial with an iconography influenced by Gérôme's painting.

title: Phryne


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/TOaster Oven

Aside from the miscapitalization, we do not need to document a message board discussion from some random website. These GameFAQs people are even more useless than Slashdot, and they should stop adding their crap here. Sorry to be so blunt... Adam Bishop 02:51, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I couldn't agree more. No reason that this can't be speedied, IMO.  And no, you weren't blunt.  This is just idiocy. - Lucky 6.9 02:56, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Sheesh.  I'm running out of witty ways of saying, "This is junk." Geogre 03:04, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:38, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * DELETE! Agh!  Get it off!  Get it off!  Postdlf 03:44, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete as not encyclopedic (among other reasons). But this does not meet any of the criteria for a speedy. Rossami 03:50, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * SHould JUst BE A REdirect TO GAmefaqs. Rhobite 04:00, Jul 22, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Ocon | Talk 04:57, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * slash, burn, use freed-up space for grazing cattle. Ianb 05:38, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, idiocy. 100% in agreement with Adam's comments on GameFAQs people - yes, you were blunt, but don't apologise for it, this sort of article calls for bluntness. —Stormie 06:58, Jul 22, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, await article on the kitchen appliance. -- Cyrius|✎ 05:53, 23 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, but protest the anti-Slashdot slur. Bacchiad 19:52, 23 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Elf-friend 17:10, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete.--Neutrality 00:14, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)


text:
Indication

Indication may refer to:

 * A synonym for sign
 * Human interface, highlighting the single object pointed to as a cursor is moved, without any other user action such as clicking, is indication
 * Indication (medicine). A valid reason to use a certain test, medication, procedure, or surgery.

title: Indication


text:
Subaru Rex

The Subaru Rex (スバル・レックス), also known as Ace, Viki, Sherpa, 500/600/700, Mini Jumbo, Mini Subaru or M60/M70/M80 in various export markets, is a kei class automobile produced from 1972 to 1992 mainly for sale in Japan by Subaru, although it was also sold in Europe, South America, Australia and the Caribbean. The Rex superseded the R-2 as Subaru's kei car, and has been available in commercial use versions as well as in a passenger car version. It underwent major changes in 1976, in fall 1981, and again in late 1986. The second generation Rex (1981–1986) also formed the basis for the larger Subaru Justy.

The name "Rex" comes from the Latin word for "king". This was probably a response to Suzuki, who referred to the LC10 Suzuki Fronte as the "Queen of the keis" in their period marketing. In some export markets, the Sambar microvan has been marketed as the "Rex Combi".

The "Rex" nameplate has been reused since 2022 as a subcompact crossover SUV based on the A200 series Daihatsu Rocky.

First generation
The Rex (K21), introduced 15 July 1972, was the replacement for the Subaru R-2, which was itself the replacement for the long lived, but outdated Subaru 360. Because the R-2 was based largely on the 360, originally including its air-cooled two-stroke engine, it lasted for not even three years. In contrast, the 360 was produced for 11 years and the rear-engined Rex was produced for nine.

The Subaru Rex represented a fresh start designwise, sharing little of its appearance with the Subaru 360, although they were mechanically the same and shared a rear-engine layout. The Rex also retained the 360/R-2's rear swing axle. The appearance of the new Rex was similar to Subaru's new compact car, the Leone. The Rex originally featured the same water-cooled 356 cc EK34 two-stroke engine as used in the R-2, and was available only as a two-door sedan. Outputs were 32 ,. In February 1973 a four-door sedan was added. The Van was registerable as a commercial vehicle, allowing for considerable savings in taxes and fees. The EK34 engine came with a 32 PS single carburetor on the Custom L, Super L, and other trim levels down to Standard, or a 37 PS double carburetor for the sporty GSR. The TS (Touring Sport) received a 35 PS iteration. The GSR was also somewhat lower than its counterparts, due to radial tires being fitted.

In October 1973 the two-stroke was replaced by a 358 cc rear-mounted, watercooled, two-cylinder, four-stroke engine called the EK21. This produced 31 PS at a peaky 8000 rpm and 3.0 kgm of torque at 6500 rpm, and featured Subaru Exhaust Emissions Control (SEEC). The car also received a minor facelift (with a "frowny" rather than the smiling grille seen on the turquoise four-door in the infobox being the most obvious difference) and a new chassis code: K22. Front disc brakes were also introduced as an option at the same time. The four-stroke Rex could reach a top speed of 110 km/h. The three-door, two-seater "Van" (K42) arrived in February of the next year, when a five-speed version (Custom5) was also added. The Van's engine was in a lesser state of tune and produces 27 PS.

In September 1974, along with a minor facelift consisting of a new grille and bumpers adjusted to allow for the fitment of larger license plates, a "Wagon" version (K26) appeared. This received four permanent seats, but was no longer registerable as a commercial vehicle and had a considerably lower max load. At the same time, a "Super L" version of the Van was added. The Wagon also received a lower tuned four-stroke engine, with 28 PS at 7500 rpm; but torque increased somewhat to 3.1 kgm at 5700 rpm. In April 1975 the Van received a higher roof and became a four-seater. This was necessitated by Japanese commercial vehicle regulation which require the floor to be completely flat when the rear seat is folded. Because the Rex's engine was mounted in the rear, the cargo floor was rather high, meaning that more head room would be required before a seat could be installed. The Wagon continued in production until the SEEC-T version was introduced in December, but it lost most of its market with the availability of a four-seater Van.

28 PS became the power output of all versions of the Rex for model year 1976 after the SEEC-T (Subaru Exhaust Emission Control - Thermal and Thermodynamic) emissions control system was introduced in December 1975. Torque was down to 2.9 kgm at 6000 rpm. The equipment levels were also reshuffled, with the B-type replacing the Standard and then rising from the A$I$ via the A$I$G and A$II$ to the A$II$G on top. The A$II$ and A$II$G versions received disc brakes in front, but the five-speed was no longer available.

550 cc era
In response to new regulations for Kei cars introduced for 1976, Subaru introduced the larger-engined Rex 5 in May of that year. It retained the earlier bodywork (albeit broadened by 10 cm and with a lengthened bonnet for an overall length of 3185 mm) but got a 490 cc version of the same engine. The Rex 5 (K23, K43 in the Van version) engine was still of two cylinders and an overhead cam design, and retained the SEEC-T emissions control system. Power increased from the emissions choked late 360s to 31 PS at 6500 rpm, while torque increased to 3.8 kgm at 4500 rpm. The A$II$G version was dropped. The Van version received a 28 PS engine (at 6000 rpm) with the same torque, albeit at 500 rpm lower. Van equipment levels were Standard and Super Deluxe. This version (called the Subaru 500 in the export) was short-lived, replaced by the bigger Rex 550 exactly one year after being introduced.

The Rex 550, introduced in May 1977, featured the SEEC-T equipped watercooled, two-cylinder, four-stroke 544 cc EK23 series engine. Chassis code was K24, It remained rear-mounted, coupled to a four-speed manual gearbox. Max power remained 31 PS at a slightly lower 6200 rpm and torque was 4.2 kgm at 3500 rpm. A comparatively well-equipped Custom L version of the Van (K44) was added. As usual, the Vans received a lower powered version of the engine, with 28 PS at 6000 rpm but the same exact torque figures. The Van could take a max load of only 200 kg, 100 kg less than most of its competitors. This was counteracted by the comparatively high level of passenger comfort in the Rex Van.

The Rex 550 was called the Subaru 600 in most export markets. Subaru made much of the "Multi-Use Lever", which combined the headlight, turn signal, and windshield washer functions. This was not installed on the lowest spec versions (Type B, Standard).

In March 1978 the Swingback version was added, a two-door sedan which received a larger, opening rear window. The large rear window necessitated a slightly smaller opening to the engine compartment, but this was more than made up for by allowing for access to the rear luggage compartment from the outside. In March 1979, the Rex underwent a very minor facelift, the most visible results being new rims and slightly differing bumpers and a small spoiler in front. Then, in response to the very low priced Suzuki Alto, a decontented version of the Van called "Family Rex" was added in October 1979. It was priced at a very low ¥480,000 (under US$2,000 at the time). An automatic clutch option was added on several Rex models in March 1980.

Second generation
In August 1981, the second-generation Subaru Rex became front-wheel drive, with all-new bodywork and independent suspension all around. At the time, it was stated that the only parts of the rear-engined predecessor to have remained were "two connecting rods and an ashtray". Power remained at 31 PS, with a twin-barrel carburettor. Three and five-door hatchback versions were available. Optional on-demand 4WD became available after October 1983, a first for the class. The 4WD system was electrically engaged by depressing an embedded switch on top of the gear shift. The option of a turbo was introduced on the 4WD Rex in December 1983, to counteract the added weight of the drive system. The "Rex Dinos", a trim level introduced in 1982, was only available by mail order catalog.

In the European markets, this car was originally marketed as the Subaru 600 or Mini Jumbo. In September 1982 it became the Subaru 700, as it received a larger 665 cc version of the two-cylinder, producing 37 PS (a 35 PS version using lower octane gas was also available). The engine used a single-barrel carburettor. Top speed was 125 km/h, compared to 110 km/h for the 31 PS domestic version. These cars were 9 cm longer than their domestic counterparts, due to bigger bumpers, and received 12-inch wheels (rather than the ten-inch units used for most models in Japan). Production ended in September 1986, as Subaru was getting ready to introduce the modernized third generation Rex.

The bodyshell of the second generation Rex was also lengthened and widened to become the original Subaru Justy, with a larger 1-litre engine. The Justy remained in production until 1994, outliving the next generation Rex and even the Rex label itself.

Yunque
Chinese Yunque (Guizhou Aircraft Industry Corporation) built the second generation Subaru Rex under license as the Yunque GHK 7060 between 1991 and 2005. There were also GHK 7060A 'Free Wind' and GHK 7071A 'WOW' iterations, featuring interesting bodykits.

Third generation
The third generation (KG/KN) was presented in November 1986 with the commercial spec Rex Combi with either three or five doors (KG1, KG2 with four-wheel drive). The sedan version, intended for private use, was added a month later. The passenger version was called simply "Rex" and was originally only available with five doors; its chassis codes are KN1 (FF) or KN2 (4WD). In addition to an SOHC two-valve engine with 30 PS, a version with three valves per cylinder (two intake and one exhaust) and 36 PS was also available. There was no turbo version of the new Rex. A two-speed automatic transmission was also available, as was a part-time 4WD system. "Twin Viscous" full-time 4WD with a limited slip differential for the rear axle was made available in February 1987. From this point on, all four-wheel drives received the more powerful three-valve engine. A CVT transmission was added June 1987, called ECVT.

A supercharged version with an intercooler and electronic fuel injection was added to the options list March 1988 as a response to the success of the Alto Works and Mira TR-XX. The output of the engine increased to 55 PS. A supercharger meant less lag than for a turbo, although specific output tended to be somewhat lower than the competition. This was available for both the 3- and 5-door versions. May 1988 saw an available electrically deployed canvas top added to the three-door.

June 1989 saw a gentle facelift and the replacement of the EK series engine to the four-cylinder EN05 "Clover 4" with 38 PS available to the standard engine and 61 PS from the supercharged engine. This was the first Kei four-cylinder since the Mazda Carol, and was unique to the class. Naturally aspirated models received "cat's eye"-shaped headlamps and a reshaped bonnet while the supercharged models retained the earlier rectangular units, albeit with a new four-hole grille. This, the KH1/2 series Rex (KP1/2 for the commercial Rex Combis), remained available in combination with the ECVT transmission and four-wheel-drive versions, but the two-speed automatic was dropped. In July, export versions (M70 in Europe, Sherpa in Australia) received the same changes and switched from the 665 cc 37 PS two-cylinder to become the M80 in Europe, the Ace in New Zealand and the Fiori in Australia.

The 550 cc four-cylinder iteration was uncommonly short-lived, as in March 1990 another facelift followed, with a 660 cc version of the EN engine (EN07) and an extended, more rounded nose because of new Kei regulations taking effect. These external differences did not appear in the Australian market until August, and in Europe (Mini Jumbo, M80) by early 1991. This, which was to be the last Rex, received chassis codes KH3 (FF sedan), KH4 (4WD sedan), KP3 (FF commercial), and KP4 (4WD commercial).

Rex is also a common nickname for the high-performance Subaru Impreza WRX, especially in Australia where the actual Rex was originally marketed as the Sherpa and then as the Fiori. The Fiori derivative (sold as such from summer 1989) was also equipped with pink and blue pinstriping from the factory, and a two-year, 50,000 km warranty was offered when new. Equipped with a different engine, the Fiori had Subaru's 758 cc carburetted four-cylinder EN08 powerplant. This engine, producing 42 PS at 6,000 rpm, was also used in those European markets that received the Rex and in New Zealand's Ace. In Europe it was rebadged M80 to reflect the engine displacement. The M80 was available as a three or a five-door, in DX and SDX versions, with the SDX receiving a standard five-speed manual. Top speed was 125 km/h for four-speeds, 130 km/h for five-speeds.

This generation Rex was marketed as the Viki in certain Southeast Asian markets, a name which was also used for a special edition (Rex ViKi) in the Japanese domestic market. The end for the Rex came in March 1992, when it was replaced by the Vivio. A total of 1,902,811 Subaru Rexes were built in its lifetime. Recently the Rex has become somewhat of a cult car in Japan, being popular in front-wheel-drive drift events.

title: Subaru Rex


text:
Talk:Maurice Rose

Untitled
I don't believe that a bunch of Germans were murdered in retaliation for General Rose's killing. That should be looked into. My dad who served in the Second Armor Division during WWII admired Rose. The way I heard it, Rose reached for his pistola bit too quickly, and a nervous German shot him.

 * 8

Is "Paterborn" a misspelling of Paderborn? --Ponder 02:56, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)

A check says that this is so. Changing the article to be Paderborn. --Cardozo 25 Mar 2005

Maybe it should be mentioned that after General Rose´s death his troops gathered 100 German POW´s and murdered them in revenge. A typical US war crime of that time.

(http://www.wansleben.de/body_haxtergrund.html)

(http://www.kreis-paderborn.de/wDeutsch/aktuelles/archiv/2005-05/2005_05_13_11181471_nachbewigdenk.shtml)

(trasolt@hotmail.com) —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 145.253.238.10 (talk • contribs).

 * your source kreis-paderborn.de (website of province paderborn) says the 100 mentioned were soldiers defending paderborns village "borchen". i don't think this was a war crime. and nobody knew that rose was jewish.. american side and german side didn't know this at the time.. for questions goto the Portal:USA in de.wiki: de:Portal:Vereinigte Staaten —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 84.61.44.74 (talk • contribs).
 * The article refers to the "Erschiessung" (erschiessen-to shoot dead) of these German soldiers. This term is never used for soldiers killed in combat. This as a side note.

 * The soldiers were lined up in front of a wall were the Americans machine gunned them.
 * Such act would qualify as a war crime, at least if Germans did it.. --145.253.238.10 12:03, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Thats the Point.. if Germans did it, there would be an own article about this "massacer" but so its not even mentioned in the article! Every important Country fighting in WW2 had some soldiers that did war crimes, so the US too... I mean a killed General, the circumstances (sry if wrong spelling..) were not clear for the US-Soldiers at that time, they maybe thought "Nazis killed him because they are...!". So it would be a normal reaction for many people (=soldiers) to kill "some" Germans for it. Well I know winners write history but I really often miss some information about allied warcrimes, especially from the Soviet Union. They did so much shit. I'm polish, they took my grandma in early 1941 (she is polish too) from soviet occupied-poland to siberia! She stayed there for years, even after the war ended they didn't release her... just after 2 years (1947!). Stalin killed much more people than the Nazis, long before the war started he killed millions of people, because of his idiocy I think more than a million people died of starvation in the Ukraine, 1932 or so? If not here, make an own article about this massacer. Kilon22 (talk) 17:15, 2 March 2010 (UTC)

The first link is dead (the site is some lawyer's personal page), and the second, which is merely a brief newspaper mention of a local lecture, appears to state that the link between the shooting of German POWs and the death of Rose was disproved. I can't find any reliable source for this story, so I am going to remove the reference from the main article. Djkuula (talk) 19:03, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Here is the link again:
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20070928115359/https://www.kreis-paderborn.de/wDeutsch/aktuelles/archiv/2005-05/2005_05_13_11181471_nachbewigdenk.shtml
 * It's a bit ambiguous first a "reprisal action" was "disproved"... How exactly was that done? Then they mention the shooting of '100 young soldiers', which was commemorated. Taken from this... "Yes we shot a hundred, but it wasn't a reprisal action". There is an address given, so when can request clarification. But be advised, governing bodies in Germany are very reluctant to admit 'war crimes being committed against Germans'. They will try their best to cover that up. So any denial shouldn't come as a surprise. 105.4.0.75 (talk) 10:16, 28 August 2022 (UTC)

Can anyone help resolve the circumstances of General Rose's death?
The entry on the 3rd Armored Division says that General Rose was drawing his pistol to surrender when he was shot. This entry says only that he drew his pistol when he saw the Germans. Are there any objective accounts one way or the other?

I would guess if a German general had come upon a group of American soldiers and drawn his pistol the Americans would have shot first and asked questions later. Who would not do that in a war zone?

If General Rose had intended to surrender he could have raised his hands and stood motionless -- a universally recognized sign of surrender that was usually honored during World War II (at least on the Western Front). Were other Americans taken prisoner at that time who were later able to testify that General Rose had drawn his pistol to surrender? How soon after the incident did the Americans learn that General Rose was dead, and from what source?

We know that the Allied forces spent more than 24 hours killing Japanese shipwreck survivors in the water after the Battle of the Bismarck Sea -- supposedly to avenge the death of an Allied pilot who had been machine-gunned in his parachute by a Japanese pilot. Assuming arguendo that American units attached to the 3rd Armored Division killed German prisoners after Rose's death is there any documentation showing that Americans commited this war crime or series of war crimes to avenge Rose rather than for other reasons?

Setting aside the general issue of German war crimes vs. American war crimes, is there reliable first hand documention about the circumstances of General Rose's death? (71.22.47.232 (talk) 09:39, 7 January 2011 (UTC))

Why are you asking ofr documentation when it is obvious you have an agenda? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.61.244.164 (talk) 01:19, 15 March 2011 (UTC)

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Re-rating?
Is someone willing and able to re-rate this article? I did a lot of work to expand it and add references and citations, so I don't want to be in the position of reviewing and assessing my own work.

Thanks,

Billmckern (talk) 13:15, 23 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Maurice Rose