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Makhaya Ntini

Makhaya Ntini (born 6 July 1977) is a South African former professional cricketer, who played all forms of the game. He was the first black player to play for the South African national cricket team. Ntini was a member of the South Africa team that won the 1998 ICC KnockOut Trophy, the only ICC trophy the country has won to date.

He reached second place in the ICC Test match bowling ratings and was the third South African cricketer to take 300 Test cricket wickets, after Shaun Pollock and Allan Donald. In December 2017, his son Thando Ntini was named in South Africa's squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He played his last match against India in 2011.

Early recognition
Ntini was born in Mdingi, a village in the Eastern Cape province, which is near King William's Town. He was discovered by a Border Cricket Board development officer, who was setting up a mini-cricket programme. Although Ntini was both too old and too big to participate in the programme the officer, Raymond Booi, noticed the bared-footed cowherd's enthusiasm and talent for bowling. He lent the 15-year-old Ntini a pair of plimsolls and arranged for him to participate in a net session in King William's Town. Ntini impressed Booi, who contacted Greg Hayes, the head of the development programme. The pair placed Ntini in a junior cricket festival in Queenstown and Hayes purchased Ntini his first pair of boots for the festival, but later had to give the young bowler instructions not to wear them indoor or when herding cattle.

Two years later, he was selected to tour England with the South Africa Under-19 squad and played all five of the youth internationals. England dominated both One Day Internationals (ODIs) during the tour, with the South Africans only managing to take one wicket across the two matches, which fell to Pierre Joubert. In the Test series, which England won 2–0, Ntini claimed nine wickets, the second-most by a South African bowler. His bowling was expensive, coming at a rate of 4.53 runs per over: more than any other South African with the exception of Mark Boucher, who is best known as a wicket-keeper.

Domestic career
After two matches for Border against the touring Kenyans, Ntini made his First-class cricket debut in November 1995, facing an England XI. He claimed two wickets in England's only innings as Border were beaten comprehensively.

In his debut season, Ntini claimed 17 wickets at an average of 37.05 in First-class competitions. His best performance in an innings came against Free State, when he claimed three wickets for 49 runs (3/49) during his 17 overs. He again toured with the national Under-19s in March and April 1996, touring India, where he played three youth Tests and one of the three ODIs. After claiming five wickets in the first Test and none in the second, Ntini displayed his talent in the third match, taking 6/53 in the first innings and 3/48 in the second innings.

International career
Ntini returned to the South African side for a Sharjah tournament in 2000. His improvement was clear as he bowled with greater control. In 2003, he became the first South African to take 10 wickets at Lord's. His best performance, however, came when Ntini took 13 wickets for 132 runs against the West Indies in the Port of Spain on 12 April 2005. This remains the most wickets taken by a South African cricketer in a Test match. On 3 March 2006, Ntini also achieved the best bowling figures by a South African in an ODI, demolishing Australia with 6 wickets for 22 runs. A popular figure in South African sport, Ntini was voted their favourite sportsman in a research poll conducted by the South African Press Association. For his performances in 2006 and 2007, he was named in the World Test XI by ICC. He was also named in the World Test XI by ESPNcricinfo.

Ntini went on to establish himself as South Africa's premier fast bowler and one of the leading fast bowlers in the world. In February 2009, he was ranked as the world's fifth-best Test bowler behind Muttiah Muralitharan, Dale Steyn, Stuart Clark and Mitchell Johnson, but had dropped to being 25th-best ODI bowler, according to the ICC rankings.

On 20 January 2007, Ntini dislodged Mohammad Sami to take his 300th Test wicket in his 74th Test. On 1 August 2008, he removed England opener Alastair Cook to claim his 350th Test wicket in his 90th Test.

Ntini played his 100th Test on 17 December 2009, becoming the only black South African cricketer to reach that mark. Sponsors Castle Lager promised every fan in attendance a free beer in celebration on the day he took his first wicket and he duly obliged on the second day when he bowled Andrew Strauss of England. However, after already having lost his place in the ODI side, he was dropped from the Test side after poor performances against England.

Ntini retired from all forms of international cricket in a T20I against India on 9 January 2011.

To date, Ntini is one of only three players to have played more than 100 Test matches without scoring a 50. Courtney Walsh and Nathan Lyon are the others.

During his career, Ntini took 22 five-wicket hauls. As of 2020, he ranks joint seventeenth among all-time combined five-wicket haul takers (joint with Allan Donald, Malcolm Marshall and Daniel Vettori), and joint second in the equivalent list for South Africa, alongside Donald and behind Dale Steyn.

Controversies

Ntini's career looked like coming to an early end in 1999 when he was charged and then convicted of rape, although he was finally acquitted.

The case caused controversy in South Africa, with his conviction generating negative publicity in view of his status as the first black South African Test cricketer. Ntini maintained his innocence, was acquitted on appeal and rebuilt his international cricket career. Ntini thanked Cricket South Africa for sticking by him.

On 17 July 2020, while on SABC 2's Morning Live, Ntini detailed the alleged racism he experienced throughout his career. He claimed other players would not sit with him during meals and said he "was forever lonely" in the Proteas team. Ntini further stated that he used to run to the stadium and back to hotels to avoid being lonely on the team bus. Ntini's comments came shortly after fellow South African cricketer Lungi Ngidi called for the national team to show support towards the Black Lives Matter movement.

Coaching career
In January 2016, Ntini was appointed as the assistant coach of the Zimbabwean national cricket team with a two-year contract. Following the sacking of the previous coach Dav Whatmore, Ntini was appointed as interim head coach for the home series against India in 2016. He resigned from the role as coach in January 2018, although Ntini was reported to have claimed that he was asked to step down by the board on the basis of alleged complaints from the players over his coaching methods.

title: Makhaya Ntini


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McQueeney

McQueeney is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Robert McQueeney (1919–2002), American actor
 * Patricia McQueeney (1927–2005), American actress

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: McQueeney


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McRoberts

McRoberts is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

People

 * Ally McRoberts (fl. 1972–1983), Scottish footballer
 * Bob McRoberts (1874–1959), Scottish football player and manager
 * Bob McRoberts (American football) (1924–2012)
 * Brian McRoberts (1931–1983), solicitor and unionist politician in Northern Ireland
 * Briony McRoberts (1957–2013), English actress
 * Brit McRoberts (born 1957), Canadian athlete
 * George McRoberts (1839–1896), Scottish chemist and early explosives expert
 * Hugh McRoberts, an early settler after whom McRoberts Secondary School in Richmond, British Columbia, is named
 * John Scott McRoberts (born 1962), Canadian Paralympic sailor
 * Josh McRoberts (born 1987), American basketball player
 * Joyce McRoberts (fl. 1992–1995), American politician
 * Justin McRoberts (born 1971), American author and songwriter
 * Mike McRoberts (born 1966), New Zealand television journalist
 * Nicholas McRoberts (born 1977), Australian composer and conductor
 * Paul McRoberts (born 1992), American football player
 * Samuel McRoberts (1799–1843), United States senator
 * Samuel McRoberts (U.S. general) (1868–1947)
 * William A. McRoberts, Jr., who gave his name to the McRoberts maneuver in obstetrics
 * William J. McRoberts (died 1933), American businessman and politician

title: McRoberts


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Malcolm Marshall

Malcolm Denzil Marshall (18 April 1958 – 4 November 1999) was a Barbadian cricketer. Primarily a fast bowler, Marshall is widely regarded as one of the greatest and one of the most accomplished fast bowlers of the modern era in Test cricket. He is often acknowledged as the greatest West Indian fast bowler of all time, and certainly one of the most complete fast bowlers the cricketing world ever saw. His Test bowling average of 20.94 is the best of anyone who has taken 200 or more wickets. He achieved his bowling success despite being, by the standards of other fast bowlers of his time, a short man – he stood at 180 cm, while most of the great quicks have been well above 183 cm and many great West Indian fast bowlers, such as Joel Garner, Curtly Ambrose, and Courtney Walsh, were 197 cm or above. He generated fearsome pace from his bowling action, with a dangerous bouncer. He also statistically went on to become the most successful Test match bowler of the 1980s with 235 wickets with an average of 18.47 within a time period of just five years. Marshall was a part of the West Indies team that won the 1979 Cricket World Cup as well as the team which reached the 1983 Cricket World Cup Final, but lost to India by 43 runs.

Marshall was also a very dangerous lower middle-order batsman with ten Test fifties and seven first-class centuries. He ended his career as the all-time highest wicket taker for West Indies in Test cricket with 376 wickets, a record which he held up until November 1998 before Courtney Walsh surpassed his milestone.

In 2009, Marshall was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame. To mark 150 years of the Cricketers' Almanack, Wisden named him in an all-time Test World XI.

Early years
Marshall was born in Bridgetown, Barbados. His father, Denzil DeCoster Edghill, also a cricketer who played for Kingspark cricket club in St. Philip and the son of Claudine Edghill and Guirdwood Ifill, was a policeman; he died in a traffic accident when Marshall was one year old. His mother was Eleanor Welch. Malcolm had three half-brothers and three half-sisters. He grew up in the parish of Saint Michael, Barbados and was educated at St Giles Boys' School from 1963 to 1969 and then at Parkinson Comprehensive from 1969 to 1973.

He was partly taught cricket by his grandfather, who helped to bring him up after his father's death. He played cricket for the Banks Brewery team from 1976. His first representative match was a 40-over affair for West Indies Young Cricketers against their English equivalents at Pointe-à-Pierre, Trinidad and Tobago in August 1976. He made nought and his eight overs disappeared for 53 runs. He idolised legendary West Indies allrounder Sir Garfield Sobers at his young age and he started admiring Sobers after watching the magnificent test century by Sobers against New Zealand in 1972.

Marshall's initial senior appearance was a Geddes Grant/Harrison Line Trophy (List A) match for Barbados on 13 February 1978; again he got out without scoring and did not take a wicket. Four days later, he made his first-class debut against Jamaica, and whilst he failed to score runs, he claimed 6–77 in the Jamaican first innings. On the back of this single first-class appearance he was selected to tour India in 1978/79, many first-choice West Indian stars being unavailable having committed themselves to playing World Series Cricket. Marshall heard of his selection on the radio while working in the storeroom at Banks Brewery and later claimed he did not know where India was.

International debut
Marshall made his test début in the second test against India at Bangalore on 15 December 1978. He immediately developed a career-long antipathy to Dilip Vengsarkar due to his aggressive appealing. Despite doing little of note in the three Tests he played on that tour, he did take 37 wickets in all first-class games, and Hampshire saw enough in him to take him on as their overseas player as a successor to Andy Roberts for 1979, remaining with the county until 1993. He was in West Indies' World Cup squad, but did not play a match in the tournament. Hampshire were not doing well at the time, but nevertheless he took 47 first-class wickets, as well as picking up 5–13 against Glamorgan in the John Player League.

Marshall came to prominence in 1980, when in the third Test at Old Trafford he accounted for Mike Gatting, Brian Rose, and Peter Willey in short order to spark an England collapse, although the match was eventually drawn despite Marshall taking 3–36 (and 2–116 in the second innings). After 1980/81 he was out of the Test side for two years, but an excellent 1982 season with Hampshire when he took 134 wickets at under 16 apiece, including a career-best 8–71 against Worcestershire, saw him recalled and thereafter he remained a fixture until the end of his international career. As of 2022 Marshall's performance in 1982 remains the highest haul of first-class wickets by any bowler in an English season for over fifty years, since a reduction in the annual number of County Championship matches in 1969.

In seven successive Test series from 1982/83 to 1985/86 he took 21 or more wickets each time, in the last five of them averaging under 20. His most productive series in this period was the 1983/84 rubber against India, when he claimed 33 wickets as well as averaging 34 with the bat and making his highest Test score of 92 at Kanpur. A few months later he took five in an innings twice at home against Australia. In 1982, he signed a one-year contract with Melbourne Sub-District side Moorabbin and he eventually became the first active international cricketer to sign up for the Sub-District league. Marshall was reportedly approached by the Moorabbin officials during the first test match between Australia and West Indies at Melbourne after learning that Marshall was interested in playing domestic cricket in Australia. At the peak of his career, he turned down an offer of US$1 million to join a rebel West Indies team on a tour to South Africa, still suffering international sporting isolation due to apartheid.

At the peak
Marshall relinquished his county duties during the 1984 tour of England. In a Test series that came to be known as the "Blackwash", the West Indians completed a 5–0 triumph, to date the only visiting team in England to have achieved such a feat. Marshall played a key role, taking the second-most wickets in the series with 24, behind only Joel Garner who took 29, and establishing his reputation as one of the finest bowlers in the world. In the series, he took five or more wickets in an innings three times, had the best bowling average – conceding only 18.20 runs per wicket, and the best strike rate – averaging one wicket every 42 deliveries.

In the first test at Edgbaston, which the West Indies won by an innings and 180 runs, he ended the Test career of local Warwickshire opener Andy Lloyd after half an hour; he had already faced a few short deliveries from both Marshall and Garner but was then caught unawares by a delivery from Marshall that rose sharply and struck him flush on the temple behind his right eye. Lloyd soon had to retire hurt when he realized he was suffering blurred vision in his right eye and was hospitalized for several days. Lloyd would remain stranded on 10 runs without being dismissed and he never went onto play international cricket again leaving him with a unique record of being the only opening batsman in test cricket to have never been dismissed by any bowler.

In the third Test at Headingley, Marshall ran through England's batting order in the second innings to finish with 7/53, despite having broken his thumb in two different places when he attempted to field a stroke played by Chris Broad on the first morning in the first innings. He also came out to bat at number 11 in West Indies' first innings despite his injury, allowing his team to gain a further psychological advantage as Larry Gomes completed an unbeaten century (Marshall batted one-handed that day, with one arm in plaster). Marshall himself also contributed to the team with the bat scoring a boundary with an inside-out forehand down the line. Marshall was dismissed soon after Larry Gomes had completed the century. Even though the partnership lasted for just 16 minutes and with only 12 runs being produced, it turned out to be one of the most memorable test match partnerships for the tenth wicket. His heroics by batting and bowling with a broken thumb also impressed his captain Clive Lloyd who recalled the incident as one of the greatest and most courageous efforts that he ever witnessed during his playing career.

In 1984/85 Marshall had another successful series at home against New Zealand, although there were calls for his bouncers to be ruled as intimidatory beyond what was acceptable, and that Marshall should have been admonished by the umpires. A rising delivery broke the nose of England batsman Mike Gatting in a one-day match in February 1986; Marshall later found bone fragments embedded in the leather of the ball. As well as the bouncer, however, Marshall succeeded in swinging the ball in both directions. He also used an in-swinging yorker as well as developing an effective leg-cutter, and with the exception of the 1986/87 New Zealanders, against whom he could only manage nine wickets at 32.11, no side seemed to have an answer to him.

1988 saw his career-best Test performance of 7–22 at Old Trafford, and he ended the series with 35 wickets in five Tests, at 12.65. Marshall was coming towards the end of his international career, moreover, and though he took 11 wickets in the match against India at Port of Spain the following winter, he played his last Test at The Oval in 1991. His final Test wicket – his 376th – was that of Graham Gooch. These efforts led him to retain the number 1 ranking in ICC Test Bowling Rankings for the year 1990 (which he attained in 1989).

Later career
Marshall's final appearances for West Indies came in One Day International cricket – the 1992 World Cup. However, in his five matches in the tournament, he took just two wickets, both in the penultimate game against South Africa at Christchurch. This was the only time Marshall played for West Indies against South Africa in his career, though he played provincial cricket for Natal in both 1992/93 and 1993/94. Whilst playing at Natal, his experience was invaluable, and his guidance was an influential spark in the early career of Shaun Pollock. Today, Shaun Pollock attributes much of his success to his mentor, Marshall.

Having missed out on Hampshire's earlier one-day triumphs in the Benson and Hedges Cup in 1988 and the Nat West Trophy in 1991 because of touring commitments with the West Indies, Marshall was in the Hampshire team that won the 1992 Benson and Hedges Cup. He played for Hampshire again in 1993, taking 28 wickets at a shade over 30 runs apiece, but that was to be the end of his time in county cricket. He bade farewell to Hampshire fans in a benefit match at the County Ground, Southampton in September 1993, representing a West Indies XI against the county. As he walked off the pitch after his dismissal, according to a report, "the crowd, as one man, rose to its feet and cheered Marshall every step of the way." This also proved to be one of the last matches at Southampton for David Gower (whom Marshall dismissed on the day while bowling off-spin). In 1994 his only game in England was against the South Africans for the Scarborough President's XI during the Festival. He played five matches for Scotland in the 1995 Benson and Hedges Cup without much success, and his last senior games were for Natal in 1995/96. In his final senior appearance, against Western Province in a limited-overs game at Cape Town, the first of his two victims was his former international teammate Desmond Haynes. He took over 1,000 wickets for Hampshire, and received more than £60,000 (tax free) in his benefit year in 1987.

Illness, death and legacy
In 1996, Marshall became coach both of Hampshire and the West Indies, although the latter's steadily declining standards during this period brought a considerable amount of criticism his way. In 1999, during the World Cup it was revealed that Marshall had colon cancer. He immediately left his coaching job to begin treatment, but this was ultimately unsuccessful. He married his long-term partner, Connie Roberta Earle, in Romsey on 25 September 1999, and returned to his home town, where he died on 4 November aged 41, weighing little more than 25 kg.

"The worldwide outpouring of grief," wrote journalist-friend Pat Symes, "was testimony to the genuine love and admiration he engendered." At the funeral service at the Garfield Sobers Gymnasium in Wildey, Barbados, former West Indian fast bowler Rev. Wes Hall whispered the last rites in the belief that Marshall, having found God again in the last few weeks of his life, was off to Heaven. His coffin was carried at the service by five West Indian captains. He was buried at St Bartholomew's Church, Barbados.

The Malcolm Marshall Memorial Trophy was inaugurated in his memory, to be awarded to the leading wicket-taker in each England v West Indies Test series. Another trophy with the same name was set up to be the prize in an annual game between Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago.

Malcolm Marshall Memorial cricket games are also played in Handsworth Park, Birmingham, England. On the Sunday of the UK's August bank holiday, invitation XIs play against an individual's "select eleven".

The entrance road to Hampshire's ground the Rose Bowl is called Marshall Drive in memory of Marshall and another West Indian Hampshire great Roy Marshall.

His former Hampshire captain, Mark Nicholas, wrote a moving tribute to him.

title: Malcolm Marshall


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Mahendra Nagamootoo

Mahendra Veeren Nagamootoo (மகேந்திர வீரன் நாகமுத்து) (born October 9, 1975) is a former cricketer for Guyana and the West Indies and of Tamil Indo-Guyanese ethnicity.

In 2005, Nagamootoo took the most wickets (12) for Guyana, winning a regional 50-over title against Barbados at Bourda.

He and his brother have sponsored cricket tournaments in their hometown of Whim, Guyana. In 2019, he was inducted into the Berbice Cricket Board's hall of fame.

Family
Nagamootoo is the nephew of both Rohan Kanhai and Alvin Kallicharan; two of the best ever West Indian batsmen of Indian descent. Nagamootoo has a brother Vishal, who plays cricket for Guyana.

He is the nephew of Moses Nagamootoo, a politician for the Alliance for Change party.

title: Mahendra Nagamootoo


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Jermaine Lawson

Jermaine Jay Charles Lawson (born 13 January 1982) is a former professional cricketer. A fast bowler from Jamaica, he played at Test and One Day International (ODI) level for the West Indies during the early 2000s, becoming the fourth West Indian to take a Test hat-trick. Lawson later moved to the United States, and made his debut for the American national cricket team at the World Cricket League Division Three tournament in October 2014.

Career
Born in Spanish Town, Jamaica Lawson attended the St Catherine Cricket Club as a youngster. He eventually became a fast bowler capable of bowling over 95 mph. At the age of 20 he made his debut for the West Indies in an away test match against India, picking up the wickets of both Rahul Dravid and Sachin Tendulkar. He went on to claim figures of 6 for 3 against Bangladesh in only his third test match. Lawson later earned a hat-trick, claiming the wickets of Brett Lee, Stuart MacGill and Justin Langer, in an eventual haul of 7/78 during the final Test of Australia's 2003/04 tour of the Caribbean.

He was though soon reported, on 11 May 2003, for a suspect bowling action by the International Cricket Council. After undergoing a period of extensive remedial work, he returned to Test cricket in mid-2004, but stress fractures came to the fore along with another report of his action in July 2005. However, he was eventually cleared by the International Cricket Council on that second report of a suspect bowling action.

On 29 February 2008 Lawson joined English side Leicestershire as a Kolpak player for the upcoming county cricket season. During 2014 Lawson migrated to the United States of America and qualified to play for the USA's cricket team four years later.

Personal life
Lawson is the father of three sons. He currently lives in East New York.

title: Jermaine Lawson


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Neil McKenzie

Neil Douglas McKenzie (born 24 November 1975) is a South African former cricketer, who played all three forms of the game. He was a right-handed opening batsman who played for South Africa, making his first appearance in 2000. He is currently the high performance batting coach of South Africa. He played for the Highveld Lions in South African domestic cricket and has also played county cricket for Somerset, Durham and Hampshire.

He announced his retirement from all forms of cricket in January 2016.

Early and personal life
Educated at King Edward VII School, McKenzie was a promising junior cricketer, captaining the South African Schools and Under-19 sides. McKenzie is married to South African model Kerry McGregor. His sister, Megan, is also a leading model in South Africa.

Domestic career
With better form in international arena, a further development as a result of his recall was that Somerset announced that it was unlikely that McKenzie would return to the club for the 2008 season, having played in 2007 as a Kolpak player. It was subsequently announced that he would play part of the 2008 season for Durham as an overseas player.

In January 2010, McKenzie joined English county side Hampshire as a Kolpak player for the 2010 County Championship. On 5 August 2011 McKenzie hit his career best first-class score of 237 in a County Championship match against Yorkshire. Not only did he make his highest score, but during his innings a number of records fell. Himself and Michael Carberry set a new Hampshire record for the 3rd wicket in first-class cricket, setting a partnership of 523 runs to surpass the previous best partnership for the 3rd wicket, which was set by George Brown and Phil Mead in 1927. The partnership with Carberry was also the highest for any wicket for Hampshire, surpassing the 411 set by Robert Poore and Teddy Wynyard in 1899. Their partnership was the 11th time in first-class cricket that a partnership has passed 500 runs, currently ranks 9th on the all-time list.

International career
His Test debut came as an opening batsman in a tour of Sri Lanka but like his father Kevin McKenzie he soon cemented his place in the South African middle order before returning to the side as an opener later in his career. McKenzie made his maiden Test hundred against New Zealand in 2000–01. Another century soon came, against Sri Lanka at Supersport Park but it would be his last for seven years. From there on in he could not convert his twelve 50s into hundreds although he came close when he was run out by Damien Martyn for 99. After a series of low scores was dropped from the side. After showing excellent form in domestic cricket, and due to successive poor performances by opener Herschelle Gibbs, he was recalled to the South African Test squad three and a half years later for the second Test against the West Indies at Newlands. Opening the innings, McKenzie scored 23 before a torn calf muscle meant he was unable to bat in the second innings and would miss the third Test of the series.

During a test against Bangladesh begun on 29 February 2008, McKenzie was involved in a world record 1st wicket partnership of 415 with Graeme Smith, McKenzie registering a career best 226. He continued his form in the next Test against India when he registered scores of 94 and 155 not out.

In the first Test against England at Lord's in July 2008, McKenzie batted for over nine hours in a 447-ball innings of 138 to help his side save the match having been asked to follow-on on the third day. During 2008, McKenzie became one of only twelve players to score more than 1000 test runs in the calendar year. The year, however, ended in disappointing fashion as he was shown to be out of form in series against Bangladesh and Australia. That then led to him being dropped from the test squad, after the second test.

He played his first ODI since 2003 against Australia and made a hard-fought 63 in the first ODI, while also playing his part in a successful 4–1 series win, which made South Africa the number 1 ranked ODI team in the world. With Graeme Smith fit again, McKenzie lost his place in the next ODI squad.

He was however named as one of five cricketers of the year by Wisden, a prestigious award, dating back more than 125 years, for his form in the away series in England.

title: Neil McKenzie


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McKittrick

McKittrick may refer to:

People

 * Amanda Margaret Ross née McKittrick (1860–1939), known by her pen name Amanda McKittrick Ros, Northern Irish writer
 * Bobb McKittrick (1935–2000), American professional football player
 * David McKittrick (b. 1949), Northern Irish journalist
 * Ralph McKittrick (1877–1923), American golfer and tennis player
 * Rob McKittrick (b. 1973), American filmmaker

Places

 * McKittrick Canyon, a scenic canyon in Texas in the United States
 * McKittrick Oil Field, an oil field in California in the United States
 * McKittrick Hotel, site of the play Sleep No More
 * McKittrick, California, a census-designated place in Kern County, California, in the United States
 * McKittrick, Missouri, a city in Montgomery County, Missouri, in the United States

title: McKittrick


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Raymond Price

Raymond or Ray Price may refer to:

 * Raymond Price (rugby) (c. 1920–1988), Welsh rugby union and rugby league footballer of the 1940s and 1950s
 * Ray Price (singer) (1926–2013), American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * Ray Price (speechwriter) (1930–2019), U.S. President Richard M. Nixon's chief speechwriter from 1969 to 1974
 * Raymond A. Price (born 1933), Canadian geologist
 * Ray Price (rugby) (born 1953), Australian rugby union and rugby league footballer of the 1970s and 1980s
 * Ray Price (motorcyclist) (1937–2015) motorcycle drag racer, designer and engineer
 * Ray Price (cricketer) (born 1976), Zimbabwean cricketer
 * Ray Price (footballer), English footballer

title: Raymond Price


text: Category:Craighead County, Arkansas

title: Category:Craighead County, Arkansas


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Gary Kirsten

Gary Kirsten (born 23 November 1967) is a South African cricket coach and former cricketer. He is currently the head coach of Pakistan national cricket team in limited overs cricket.

He has previously coached the Indian Cricket Team as well as the South African Cricket team. Kirsten was a member of the South Africa team that won the 1998 ICC KnockOut Trophy, the only ICC trophy the country has won till date.

Kirsten played 101 Test matches and 185 One Day Internationals for South Africa between 1993 and 2004, mainly as an opening batsman. His half brother Peter also played provincial cricket for Western Province, and then later for the South Africa cricket team which included the highlight of the 1992 Cricket World Cup.

Kirsten was the coach of the Indian cricket team from 2008 to 2011, going on to win the 2011 Cricket World Cup. He was appointed as the coach of the South African cricket team in June 2011, and he stepped down in August 2013.

Playing career
Kirsten made his Test debut against Australia in Melbourne in 1993. He retired from international cricket in 2004 after crafting a match-winning 76 in his final innings, against New Zealand. Against the same country, he had made history by becoming the first-ever Protea to play in 100 Test matches.

Over the years, Kirsten gained a reputation as being a sturdy batsman in both Test cricket and One Day cricket. He could up the tempo of an innings if he needed to, but more often than not he simply waited for the bad ball in test cricket. He was also a reliable fielder. Kirsten held the South African records for most runs and centuries in a Test career, before both were surpassed by Jacques Kallis. He was the first Test batsman to make hundreds against each of the other 9 Test nations. He scored 275 runs against England as a result of batting for over $14 1/2$ hours as South Africa followed on at Kingsmead in Durban, it still stands as the second-longest innings (in terms of duration) in Test history.

The high score was later surpassed by Graeme Smith when he made 277 against England in 2003. He still holds the record for highest innings by a South African in a One Day International; 188 not-out made against the United Arab Emirates during the 1996 World Cup, which is the tenth highest innings of all time in One Day International cricket, and the third-highest score in World Cup cricket history. This record stood until it was surpassed by Chris Gayle who scored 215 against Zimbabwe in 2015. Later, that record was surpassed by Martin Guptill who scored 237* against the West Indies in the quarter-finals of that very World Cup.

India (2008–2011)
After retirement, Kirsten organised his own cricket academy. In November 2007, it emerged that Kirsten was a candidate for the vacant post of coach of the India team. The BCCI offered him a two-year contract for the post, and despite voicing reservations about concerns he had about having the full support of the Indian players, he confirmed he would be taking the job on 4 December.

Kirsten officially started as a coach on 1 March 2008. However, he travelled to Australia with India beforehand during the test series. His first full series in charge was against his home country, South Africa in March–April 2008 which was drawn 1–1. Also, he coached India to the finals of the Kitply Cup and 2008 Asia Cup (India lost both the finals). During his tenure as Coach of India, the Indian cricket team won a home series against Australia beating them 2–0. Apart from clinching the Border-Gavaskar trophy, he also coached India to its first bilateral series win in Sri Lanka against Sri Lanka and India's first Test and One-Day International series victories against New Zealand in New Zealand after 40 years. India also won the Compaq Cup, defeating Sri Lanka in the finals on 14 September 2009 by 46 runs. A highly accomplished batsman himself, he brought in a considerable amount of improvement in the batting performances, which was largely associated with his ability to instill better confidence among younger players.

Kirsten was praised by all players for improving/enhancing their playing techniques, motivating them and discussing tactics that can be deployed on the field. The results could be clearly seen within months. He was considered the key force behind the clearly visible performance improvement in all players. In 2010, prior to the start of India's tour of South Africa, Indian captain M.S. Dhoni described him as "The best thing to happen to Indian cricket."

In 2017, Kirsten spoke to HBR about the qualities of a great coach, coaching a young team, and learning from one's mistakes. Some edited excerpts of his interview are online.

World Cup 2011
After the tour of South Africa, which India drew 1–1 in the Test series and lost 3–2 in ODIs, Kirsten announced he would not renew his contract with BCCI because of family commitments. Kirsten had often stated that he wanted to spend time with his two growing sons, Joshua and James, and his wife. He had also stated that he felt three years away from home was long enough. Immediately after the announcement Kirsten was linked with joining South Africa as their coach as the South Africa coach Corrie van Zyl had also announced that his contract would end after the World Cup.

Kirsten ended his tenure as coach after India won the 2011 Cricket World Cup defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets and 10 balls to spare on 2 April 2011 at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, India. During the celebration, he was carried around the ground by Suresh Raina, Yusuf Pathan and Virat Kohli to show their respect.

Kirsten cleared the air of any rumours about a renewal in contract by adopting a modest approach on his further availability as a coach to the Indian team by stating that he wanted to say goodbye to India to spend time with his family.

South Africa (2011–2013)
On 5 June 2011, Kirsten was appointed the full-time coach of the South Africa national cricket team for a term period of two years. His first decision was to name AB de Villiers as the new captain for the limited-overs game, replacing Graeme Smith who remained the Test side captain. Kirsten began his term as a coach on 1 August and his first assignment was a home series against Australia. He took over from Corrie van Zyl, who was an interim coach for 14 months after Mickey Arthur resigned following the home series against England in 2009–10. Under Kirsten, in August 2012, the South African team reached number 1 in the ICC Test rankings, by defeating England 2–0.

Kirsten did not renew his contract with Cricket South Africa (CSA) and stepped down as the coach of the national team in August 2013 citing family commitments.

Hobart Hurricanes (2017–2018)
On 3 April 2017, Kirsten was appointed head coach of the men's Hobart Hurricanes cricket team. The Hobart Hurricanes are Tasmania's professional T20 cricket club in the Australian Big Bash League.

Royal Challengers Bangalore (2018–2019)
In January 2018, Royal Challengers Bangalore appointed Kirsten as their batting coach. In August 2018, he was appointed as head coach of RCB following the sacking of their previous coach Daniel Vettori for the 2019 Indian Premier League.

Gujarat Titans (2022–2024)
Following former head coach Dean Jones' death in September 2020, reports began to spread in December 2020 that Kirsten was appointed as the new head coach of the Karachi Kings. This was later revealed to be untrue, with Kirsten only being considered for the job, and it ultimately being given to former South African cricketer Herschelle Gibbs. In January 2021, reports came in that the Pakistan Cricket Board was planning to fire current head coach Misbah-Ul-Haq. This came following the team's poor results against New Zealand in the World Test Championship. Kirsten was reported to be a favourite for the job, along with former Zimbabwean player Andy Flower.

In January 2022, Kirsten was appointed batting coach and mentor of newly formed Gujarat Titans.

Following the dismissal of Chris Silverwood due to the England Cricket Team's 4–0 defeat in the 2021-22 Ashes series, Kirsten emerged as a favourite for the role of Men's Test Head Coach having previously been linked with the England Cricket Team prior to Silverwood's appointment in 2019. The role was instead given to Brendon McCullum.

Pakistan (2024–present)
In April 2024, the Pakistan Cricket Board announced Kristen as the head coach of Pakistan national cricket team in the limited overs cricket for a two-year period.

Business interests
In 2007, Kirsten joined Paddy Upton and Dale Williams to form a company called Performance Zone. The focus of the company is to work with individuals and teams in business and sport, bringing out their clients' best performance. When Kirsten was appointed Indian coach and Upton as Indian mental conditioning coach on a two-year contract, they decided to continue the business. Its first project post Kirsten taking on the Indian coach role has been the creation of garykirsten.com.

title: Gary Kirsten


text:
Simon Jones (cricketer)

Simon Philip Jones (born 25 December 1978) is a Welsh former cricketer, and data analytics head. He played international cricket for England, and county cricket for Glamorgan, Worcestershire and Hampshire, before retiring in 2013. His father, Jeff Jones, played cricket for Glamorgan and England in the 1960s.

Early career
A tall (6 ft) right-arm fast bowler and left-handed tail-end batsman, Jones, whose father, Jeffrey, had played for England and Glamorgan, made his county cricket debut for Glamorgan against Derbyshire at Sophia Gardens, Cardiff, on 22 August 1998.

Jones made his Test match debut at Lord's Cricket Ground against India on 25 July 2002, at the age of 23. After making an impressive 44 from 43 deliveries with the bat, Jones ended the Indian first innings with figures of 2–61 off 21 overs, dismissing Ajay Ratra and Ajit Agarkar. In England's second innings, Jones did not bat, as England declared for 301–6, setting India a target of 568 to win. As India chased, Jones took 2–68, bowling Virender Sehwag, and having VVS Laxman caught by Michael Vaughan for 74, with England winning the match by 170 runs. Jones was left out of the subsequent three Tests, with the four-match series ending in a 1–1 draw.

After impressing in that one Test, Jones was then selected for the 2002/2003 Ashes tour. However, on the first morning of the first Test at Brisbane Cricket Ground, having bowled seven overs and taken the wicket of Justin Langer, he suffered a severe injury, rupturing an anterior cruciate ligament while sliding to field a ball. After a lengthy recovery period, he was fit in time to tour the Caribbean.

West Indies Tour
In March, 2004, England embarked on a tour of the Caribbean, and Jones was included in the squad. In the first Test against the West Indies, at Sabina Park in Kingston, Jamaica, Jones had match figures of 3–72, dismissing Brian Lara, Ridley Jacobs, and Ryan Hinds, as England won the Test match by 10 wickets. In the second Test, Jones took the wicket of Shivnarine Chanderpaul in the first innings, before taking 5–57 in the second, dismissing the first four batsmen – (Chris Gayle, Devon Smith, Ramnaresh Sarwan, and Ridley Jacobs), as well as Pedro Collins. It was Jones' first five-for in Test cricket, and England won the match by seven wickets. In the third Test at Bridgetown, Barbados, Jones took just one wicket, in the first innings – that of Collins, once again – and did not bowl in the second innings, as England won the match by eight wickets, and led the series by 3–0. The final Test of the series was equally uneventful for Jones, personally, as he took just one wicket, in a first innings in which Brian Lara scored a world record 400 not out. England won the four-match series 3–0.

Lead up to The Ashes
In May 2004, New Zealand toured England. Jones played in the first Test at Lord's, and took match figures of 4–146. England won the match by seven wickets, but Jones did not play again for England until the West Indies returned to tour.

On the West Indies' return to England in July 2004, Jones played just one match, again at Lord's, taking one wicket, before finding himself out of the Test lineup, but England went on to win the four-match home series 4–0.

In December of that year, Jones was included in the England squad to tour Zimbabwe and South Africa. Jones won his One Day International debut in the third ODI against Zimbabwe on 4 December 2004. Jones took 2–43 at an economy of 5.375, as England won the match by seven wickets. Jones then played in the final ODI, this time taking 1–33 at 4.12, with England again winning, this time by 74 runs, and completing the 4–0 series whitewash.

Jones then played in the first Test match in Johannesburg, dismissing Boeta Dippenaar in the first innings, before taking 4–39 in the second, including the wicket of Jacques Kallis for 61. England won the match by seven wickets, with Jones scoring 24 in the first innings. In the second Test at Kingsmead in Durban, Jones scored 21 in England's first innings, and took 2–117 in the match. The match was drawn, and England and Jones moved on to the third Test at Newlands. Here, Jones took 3–84 in the match, but found himself left out of the fourth Test, replaced by James Anderson. England won the fourth Test, but Jones was once again restored to the Test team for the final match of the series at the SuperSport Park in Centurion, Gauteng. Jones impressed with four wickets in the first innings, conceding just 47 runs, but took just one in the second, as England drew the match but won the series 2–1.

Jones then played both matches in the home Test series against Bangladesh, as England's four-man pace attack of Hoggard, Harmison, Flintoff, and Jones, prepared for the 2005 Ashes series. The pace attack tore through Bangladesh in the first innings of the first Test, dismissing them for 108, with Jones grabbing the wicket of Javed Omar, and conceding just four runs in six overs. In the second innings, the England seamers once again dismissed the Bangladeshis for a low score, this time just 159, with Jones picking up figures of 3–29 off 11 overs, while Flintoff, Hoggard, and Harmison, taking three, two, and two, wickets, respectively, with England winning the match by an innings and 261 runs. The second Test took a similar course, as the England pacers took 19 of the 20 Bangladeshi wickets, with Jones taking 1–75 in the match, and England winning by an innings and 27 runs.

2005 Ashes series
Jones played in two ODI matches of the NatWest Series in June – July, 2005. Jones took 2–53 in the abandoned 8th match at Edgbaston, before taking 1–45 in the final of the tournament, which ended in a tie.

Then, in the ODI series against Australia, in the lead-up to the Ashes, Jones played in two of the three matches of the series, but failed to take a single wicket.

In the first Test of the Ashes series at Lord's, Jones took 2–48 in the first innings, in which Australia were restricted to just 190. Jones also managed 20 not out off 21 deliveries, helping England to a meagre 155 in response to Australia's total. In the second innings, Australia managed 384 all out, setting England a target of 420 to win the match. Jones took 1–69 from his 18 overs. England could only manage 180 in reply, and Australia won the first match by 239.

In the second Test at Edgbaston, Jones played a significant role, scoring 19 not out from 24 deliveries, helping England to a first innings total of 407 all out. Jones then produced a controlled swing performance to dismiss Justin Langer and Brett Lee, capturing figures of 2–69, as Australia were bowled out for 308, 99 runs behind England. Jones was once again undismissed in the second innings, this time for 12, as England set Australia 282 runs to win. Jones dismissed Matthew Hayden for 31 as Australia lost by two runs despite brave efforts from Lee and Warne, and Jones finished with figures of 1–23 in the second innings.

The third Test at Old Trafford Cricket Ground was remarkably successful for Jones, as he picked up the wickets of Ricky Ponting, Adam Gilchrist, Shane Warne, Michael Clarke, Jason Gillespie and Brett Lee, as he collected figures of 6–53, his best bowling innings, before adding the wicket of Michael Clarke, in which Jones bowled a reverse-swinging delivery which Clarke left, expecting the ball to swing away, before it moved back towards the batsman and uprooted his off-stump. This took his match figures to 7–110, his personal best. The match finished in a remarkable draw, as the Australians finished the fifth day just 52 runs behind, and with one wicket remaining.

During the fourth Test at Trent Bridge, Jones, in the first innings, took a devastating 5–44, trapping captain Ponting as one of his dismissals. However, he then succumbed to an ankle injury during the second innings, which meant he only bowled four overs for no wickets. This injury would force him out of the crucial deciding match at The Oval, as well as out of England's winter tour to Pakistan. Jones finished the Ashes series with 18 wickets at an average of 21.00, and England went on to win the series 2–1, reclaiming the Ashes for the first time since 1986–87. The fourth Ashes test also became his final international test match.

Second major injury
On 26 February 2006, Jones sustained a twisting injury to his left ankle while bowling in the nets in preparation for the first Test of England's tour to India, which was to commence three days later. On 27 February, Jones was sent home to see a specialist, and played no further part in the Test series.

Having spent the rest of the winter recovering, Jones played his first match since the 4th Ashes Test on 19 April 2006. Playing for Glamorgan, he took one wicket for 23 runs in a match against Cardiff UCCE, and stated he was pleased with his recovery. However, on 1 May, he broke down with a new injury to his left knee in a victory against Ireland in the C&G Trophy. The injury kept him out of the Test and O.D.I. series against Sri Lanka, which was due to start the next week.

In June 2006, he flew to Colorado for surgery on his knee by surgeon Richard Steadman, with the England team stating that he would not be expected to bowl for five months, and was unlikely to participate in the 2006/07 tour of Australia. In the 2006 New Year Honours, Jones was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for services to cricket, following his role in the successful Ashes tournament, and in April he was named a Wisden Cricketer of the Year.

In September 2006, despite continuing injury problems which prevented him from returning to professional cricket until the start of the 2007 domestic season, his Central Contract with the ECB was renewed for another 12 months. Jones returned to action for his county, Glamorgan, in April 2007.

Moves to Worcestershire and Hampshire
As his contract with Glamorgan was due to expire at the end of the 2007 season, Jones was linked with a move away from Glamorgan. After speculation linking him to Hampshire, on 19 October Jones moved to Division Two side Worcestershire, on a two-year contract. Yet another injury (this time to the neck) confined Jones to just three overs in the first game of the 2008 season. He returned to action for Worcestershire in a one-day game against Hampshire on 11 May 2008, recording career best figures of 5 for 32 from 10 overs and bowling well over 90 mph. This led to speculation that he may yet return to the England team once more.

Shortly after the surprise international call-up for Darren Pattinson, chosen ahead of Jones, Jones suffered another knee injury requiring yet more surgery.

"The surgeon was happy," Jones said. "He said, 'You can never be 100% [but] I'm 80 to 90% sure you'll be fine – you are always going to have 10 or 20% [chance that you won't play again]'."

Jones, though, is happy with those odds. He has beaten worse predictions before after being given a 70% chance of recovering from his horrific cruciate ligament injury at Brisbane in 2002. "I'll always back myself," he said. "I know if I can bowl at the top of my game I can get in that side."

With no hope of playing cricket in the remaining 2009 season, and with it being the final year of his contract, on 19 July Worcestershire released Jones. Towards the end of the 2009 domestic season, Jones opened talks with Glamorgan and Hampshire County Cricket Club.

Jones eventually opted to sign for Hampshire, and joined the club on 30 September 2009, with a view to regaining his fitness in time for the 2010 County Championship. Jones played a number of limited-over matches for Hampshire that season, and eventually made his first-class debut at the end of the season, in a match versus Warwickshire, taking 4–60 in the only innings in which he bowled.

In January 2011, Jones played for Hampshire in the 2011 Caribbean Twenty20, a tournament which Hampshire were invited to take part in. He played all of Hampshire's fixtures in the tournament, including the final against Trinidad and Tobago, which Hampshire lost. Jones was the competition's joint leading wicket-taker, along with teammate Hamza Riazuddin, with 12.

Return to Glamorgan
Jones returned to Glamorgan on a month's loan on 17 June 2011, Hampshire reiterating that he was still part of their plans for the coming year. However, on 19 October 2011, Glamorgan Cricket Club announced he had signed a two-year deal to return to the Welsh county where he started his career. In his first season, he was used almost exclusively in the CB40 and Twenty20 competitions.

On 13 September 2013, Jones announced his retirement from first-class and List A cricket after the YB40 final.

Career best performances
Updated 18 October 2011

Personal life
Jones lives in Cardiff.

In February 2006, Jones was placed ninth and the highest-placed sportsman in a poll of the world's sexiest men, voted for by readers of New Woman magazine.

In July 2015, his memoirs, The Test: My Life, and the Inside Story of the Greatest Ashes Series, were published by Random House.

Since retiring, Jones works as a school cricket coach and runs summer cricket camps.

title: Simon Jones (cricketer)


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Geraint Jones

Geraint Owen Jones (born 14 July 1976) is a former cricketer who played for both England and Papua New Guinea. Born to Welsh parents in Papua New Guinea, Jones was the first-choice wicketkeeper for the England cricket team between 2004 and 2006. He later played international cricket for Papua New Guinea from 2012 to 2014. He announced his retirement from first-class cricket in July 2015 following his resignation as the first-class cricket captain of Gloucestershire County Cricket Club.

Personal life
Jones was born in Kundiawa, Papua New Guinea, and moved to Australia with his parents, who were originally from Wales, soon after he was born. He grew up in Toowoomba where he played in the under 21 team in the annual Spring Street Church cricket match. He went on to play in Brisbane, Queensland, played for the Queensland Colts (Under-21) team, and was awarded the wicketkeeper's trophy for most dismissals in the Brisbane Grade Cricket competition in 1995/96 when he was 19/20. His first club in England was Lydney CC in the Forest of Dean but he returned to live in Australia until he was 22. Upon his return to Britain he played for Clevedon CC. The following season he joined Abergavenny CC and was later appointed captain. Whilst at Abergavenny he trained as a pharmacist. He met his wife whilst playing for Clevedon; the couple has two sons.

After retiring, Jones joined Brentwood School as their cricket professional in November 2015. He also worked as a business studies teacher. In 2019 he trained to become a retained firefighter with Kent Fire and Rescue Service.

Domestic career
Jones spent most of his career playing for Kent County Cricket Club. He made his debut for Kent in 2001 after having played Second XI cricket for the side the previous season. He was capped by the side in 2003 and played in more than 380 top-class matches for Kent, making his final appearance for the side in 2013. After losing his place in the Kent side to Sam Billings at the start of the 2014 season, Jones joined Gloucestershire on loan. He was released by Kent at the end of the season, and signed a two-year deal with Gloucestershire in October 2014, but retired after only a year with the club.

England career
Jones replaced Chris Read as England wicket-keeper during the 2004 tour of the West Indies. Later that year, playing against New Zealand, he scored his only Test match century. He toured South Africa in 2004/05

In 2005 he took the final catch of the 2005 Ashes Test at Edgbaston, ensuring an England victory by two runs. In the 2006 New Year Honours, Jones was awarded the MBE for playing in the successful Ashes series.

A succession of dropped catches and missed stumpings during his England career had caused many commentators to question whether his value to the team as a batsman was sufficient for him to hold his place against competition from more accomplished wicket-keepers such as Read and James Foster. Until mid-2006 the England selectors maintained faith in Jones believing that he offset his mistakes with several well-timed performances with the bat. His batting form tailed off and, after suffering a broken finger, he was replaced by Chris Read for the third Test against Pakistan in 2006.

Jones was not awarded a 12-month central contract for 2007, although neither was Read and both players were selected for the 2006-07 Ashes series. Jones played the first three matches of the series but was dropped after poor performances and never regained his England place.

Papua New Guinea career
Jones played for Papua New Guinea in the 2012 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifiers in the United Arab Emirates. His best score was 46 off 33 balls in PNG's victory over Denmark. Papua New Guinea finished eighth out of 16.

He played again for PNG in the 2013 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier, where he was a standout in the middle order for the side and provided much needed stability to the lineup, scoring 216 runs, with an average of 27 and a high score of 55. In early January 2014 he played in the 2014 WCQ held in NZ, top-scoring with 88 runs against Hong Kong, his highest score for PNG. PNG finished fourth in the tournament and were awarded One Day International and T20 International status by the International Cricket Council. Jones played in two ODI's for the side, both against Hong Kong in Townsville, Australia.

title: Geraint Jones


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Khaled Mahmud

Khaled Mahmud Sujon (born 26 July 1971) is a former Bangladeshi cricketer and a former Test and One Day International captain. A medium-pace bowler and middle-order batsman, he played international cricket for Bangladesh from 1998 to 2006, captaining the team from 2003 to 2004.

Domestic career
He scored his only List A cricket century which was 145* against Bhahawalpur where he along with Minhajul Abedin Nannu set the highest 5th wicket stand in List A cricket history(267*)

International career
Mahmud was born in Dhaka. An all-rounder in domestic cricket, his international success was mostly limited to his bowling in One Day Internationals, peaking with the defeat of Pakistan in the 1999 World Cup, when he scored 27 and took 3 for 31 off 10 overs and won the man of the match award. He took 4 for 37 and 3 for 68 in the Third Test against Pakistan at Multan in 2003–04. Mahmud retired from international cricket in 2006, scoring a respectable 36 in his final match.

Post playing career
Since retirement, Mahmud has held several roles with the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB). He was operations manager of the National Cricket Academy prior to being made appointed assistant coach to the national team in 2009. In 2013, he was elected as one of 25 BCB directors. He has also worked as manager of the team, selector and technical director. He served as team director during the 2023 World Cup.

Health
In July 2017, he suffered a stroke and was taken to Singapore for treatment.

title: Khaled Mahmud


text:
Khaled Mashud

Khaled Mashud, popularly known as Khaled Mashud Pilot (খালেদ মাসুদ; born 8 February 1976) is a former Bangladeshi cricketer and a captain in Tests and ODIs. A wicketkeeper and middle order batsman, he was a regular member of the national team between 1995 and 2007. Bangladeshi coach Dav Whatmore claimed Mashud as the "best wicketkeeper in Asia." He contributed to Bangladesh's first ever ODI hat-trick by taking two catches off Shahadat Hossain's bowling. After the international retirement in 2008, he continued to play domestic cricket in Bangladesh as captain of the Rajshahi Division team. Mashud announced his retirement from domestic cricket after captaining his team to win the title in 2011.

Personal life
His father Shamsu was a prominent Bangladeshi footballer in the 1970s. A striker, he formed a partnership with Kazi Salahuddin and helped Abahani Krira Chakra win the Dhaka League title in 1977.

Khaled Mashud has been selected as the new Bangladesh team manager for the upcoming away series against New Zealand.

Early days
Mashud played for the Bangladesh U-19 side in 1993. Apart from his keeping duties. he also took the important responsibility of batting at No. 3. Within couple of years, he graduated to the national team and played against the touring England 'A' team in February 1995. His ODI debut came later in the year at Sharjah.

In Test cricket
He made an impressive Test debut with the bat, scoring 32 and 21* in the historic match against India in November 2000. But his most memorable moment in Test cricket came in the West Indies in May 2004. Despite taking a first innings lead of 64, Bangladesh ran into trouble, losing their first seven wickets for just 123 runs. Mashud then led a late order recovery to take the score to 271/9 (decl.). The declaration came just after Mashud completed his hundred (103*). He was given excellent support by Rafiq (29) and Tapash (26). Behind the stumps, his 87 dismissals from 44 matches does not sound very impressive, but he was playing for a side which possessed very little venom in their bowling department.

One Day Internationals
Mashud was a vital member of the triumphant Bangladesh team in the 1997 ICC trophy. There, he topped the batting averages for his country, scoring 92 runs and getting out only once. He was MoM in the SF against Scotland after scoring 70 and sharing a 115 run partnership with Aminul Islam. In the final, he scored a quickfire 15* from just 7 deliveries to take Bangladesh home to a last ball victory. His innings included two massive hits for six. He also enjoyed a highly successful time behind the stumps with 12 catches and 11 stumpings.

Mashud had little chance to show his mettle as a one-day batsman, as he almost inevitably came to bat with his team struggling. Still, he managed to get a top score of 71*, against the Australians in 2005. With the Bangladesh spinners being more effective in limited-over games, Mashud had more chance to show his class. His 91 catches and 35 stumpings in ODI testify to that.

Mashud had a brief stint as captain of Bangladesh. But, he lost his captaincy in acrimonious circumstances following the 2003 World Cup in Africa. Bangladesh suffered defeats at the hands of Canada and Kenya amidst allegations of match fixing. Although the allegations were not proved Mashud was stripped of his captaincy duty. In February 2006, he was fined after being found guilty of bringing the game into disrepute during a match against Sri Lanka.

His place in the side came under threat, however, with the emergence of Mushfiqur Rahim, combined with his own failure to score a half century in 24 Test innings. He was subsequently dropped from the Bangladesh squad for the 2007 Cricket World Cup and after a brief return against Sri Lanka did not feature, with Rahim and Dhiman Ghosh being preferred as wicketkeepers. He announced his retirement from international cricket in 2008.

title: Khaled Mashud


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Alok Kapali

Alok Kapali (অলোক কাপালী; born 1 January 1984) is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He is an allrounder who bats in the middle to lower order and bowls leg spin. He was the first Bangladeshi to take a Test hat-trick.

Early life and background
Kapali was born into a Bengali Hindu family in Sylhet, Bangladesh. He is the youngest of six brothers and four sisters in his family. His father worked at a Hindu temple in his hometown, Sylhet.

Test career
Kapali made his Test debut in 2002, against Sri Lanka at Colombo. He took 2 wickets, Michael Vandort and Upul Chandana as well as making 39 and 23 with the bat. In his next 16 Tests he took just 4 more wickets and this included a hat-trick against Pakistan in 2003. This was spread over two overs, and when he trapped Umar Gul LBW with the first ball of his 3rd over Kapali became the first Bangladeshi bowler to achieve the milestone in Test cricket, and the youngest of all time, at the age of 19 years 240 days. He finished with figures of 3/3. His effort in quickly cleaning up the tail also allowed gave Bangladesh their maiden first innings lead in Tests.

With the bat Kapali has struggled thus far in Test cricket and made his highest score of 85 against the West Indies at Chittagong.

Kapali has the unfortunate distinction of playing for the losing side in all 17 of his Test matches for Bangladesh.

One Day Internationals
In One Day International cricket he has been in and out of the side, impressing more with the bat than the ball. He hit the fastest century by a Bangladeshi batsmen (86 deliveries) in a match against India during the 2008 Asia cup., a record bettered by Shakib Al Hasan two years later. He also holds the Bangladeshi record 7th wicket partnership of 89 with Khaled Mashud, made against Kenya in 2006.One Day International Cricket - Partnership Records (Countries & Grounds)

Domestic career
Kapali scored 3 hundreds for Sylhet in the Bangladeshi National Cricket League of 2006–07, finishing with 744 runs.

He was the leading run-scorer in the 2016–17 National Cricket League tournament, with 598 runs, including a career-best of 200 not out in the final match of the competition.

In January 2018, he scored his 20th century in first-class cricket, batting for East Zone against Central Zone, in the 2017–18 Bangladesh Cricket League.

ICL career
In 2008, Kapali was banned for 10 years for playing international cricket because he joined the unsanctioned Indian Cricket League and played for the Dhaka Warriors in the Indian Cricket League. He scored the first century in the two seasons of ICL, 100 in 60 balls, against Hyderabad Heroes. He finished as the second highest scorer of the league stage with 324 runs in 8 matches at an average of 54. However Kapali announced he quit the ICL in June 2009 and was available for national selection by the 31st December 2009.

BPL career
The Bangladesh Cricket Board founded the six-team Bangladesh Premier League in 2012, a twenty20 tournament to be held in February that year. The BCB made Alok Kapali the 'icon player' for Sylhet Royals. He scored 124 runs from 9 matches.

Later he also played for several BPL teams, while his innings during final match of 2015–16 Bangladesh Premier League on behalf of Comilla Victorians was extraordinary.

In October 2018, he was named in the squad for the Sylhet Sixers team, following the draft for the 2018–19 Bangladesh Premier League. In November 2019, he was selected to play for the Rajshahi Royals in the 2019–20 Bangladesh Premier League.

title: Alok Kapali


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Sanwar Hossain

Mohammad Sanwar Hossain (সানোয়ার হোসেন; born 5 August 1973) is a former Bangladeshi cricketer, who was part of the Bangladesh squad for the 2003 Cricket World Cup.

History
The middle-order batter made his international debut in 1998 against India in an ODI game at Dhaka. He notched up his maiden ODI fifty in 2001 against Zimbabwe. Despite continuous low scores, he was selected for the 2003 ODI World Cup held in South Africa, where he scored just 63 runs in six innings. In a group stage match against Sri Lanka, Charminda Vaas took 4 wickets in an over, with Hossain being the fourth batsman to fall. Hossain scored one half-century in international cricket, against Zimbabwe in 2001.

In July 2003, Hossain was called for throwing in a Test match in Australia, the delivery in question being a delivery in which he "flicks the ball with a backhanded motion". Nevertheless, he was allowed to play in the subsequent One Day International series as it fell within the six weeks in which his bowling action was being reviewed.

In 2004, Hossain began working at Biman Bangladesh Airlines, but in November, he was recalled to the Bangladesh squad for their series against India after getting time off work from the airline to allow him to play.

Hossain retired from first-class cricket in 2005, but in 2015 made an appearance for Mushtaque XI against Jewel XI in a Victory Day Exhibition T20 match.

In 2012, Hossain was invited to present trophies at the Kuwait Cricket T20 Premier League Division-2 cricket tournament, and was also responsible for helping to create the 4H Group Cricket Tournament for academies, along with former Bangladeshi cricketers Habibul Bashar, Javed Omar, and Hasanuzzaman.

Hossain has been a coach of, and also managed, the Dhaka Gladiators in the Bangladesh Premier League; in 2013, Hossain was accused of match-fixing during the 2013 Bangladesh Premier League. Gladiators' bowling coach Mohammad Rafique admitted there was match-fixing, and blamed Hossain.

title: Sanwar Hossain


text: Category:Grand County, Colorado

title: Category:Grand County, Colorado


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Tapash Baisya

Tapash Baisya (তাপস বৈশ্য) (born 25 December 1982) is a former Bangladeshi international cricketer.

Tapash Baisya took 36 Test wickets, although they came at a bowling average of nearly 60. Nevertheless, he has taken the third-most wickets of any Bangladeshi fast bowler, behind Mashrafe Mortaza and Shahadat Hossain. He took four wickets in a Test innings only once: four for 72 against West Indies on their 2002–03 tour of Bangladesh. With the bat he scored two Test fifties.

He played first-class cricket for Sylhet Division from 2000–01 to 2012–13. His highest score was 112 off 173 balls, batting at number eight against Chittagong Division in 2006–07. His best bowling figures were 6 for 37 against Dhaka Division in 2012–13.

Personal life
Tapash moved to the US during 2016 with his wife and two kids. Later his wife gave birth another baby girl. Currently he is playing professional cricket for a team in the United States of America in New Jersey. He is also a cricket coach at DAS Cricket in Edison, NJ.

title: Tapash Baisya


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Martha Lake

Martha Lake or Lake Martha may be one of several places in the United States:

 * Populated place
 * Martha Lake, Washington, a census-designated place

 * Lakes
 * Martha Lake (California), a lake in Kings Canyon National Park
 * Martha Lake (Colorado), a lake in Jackson County, Colorado
 * Lake Martha (Florida)
 * Lake Martha (Minnesota)
 * Martha Lake (Montana), a lake in Flathead County, Montana
 * Lake Martha (South Dakota)
 * Lake Martha (Utah), a lake near the Brighton Ski Resort area of Big Cottonwood Canyon

title: Martha Lake


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Mark Greatbatch

Mark John Greatbatch (born 11 December 1963) is a former New Zealand international cricketer. He scored more than 2,000 runs in his 41 Test matches for New Zealand. A left-handed batsman and very occasional right-arm medium pace bowler in first class cricket for Auckland and Central Districts, Greatbatch scored 9,890 first class runs in total as well as being an occasional wicket keeper.

International career
Greatbatch highest test score of 146 not out off 485 balls was against Australia at Perth in November 1989. Greatbatch was at the crease for 11 hours (2 days) to save New Zealand from defeat, the game ending in a draw because of his efforts. He received a standing ovation at the end of the game. Greatbatch's defensive innings is still considered by many pundits to be one of the greatest cricket centuries ever, under the circumstances.

For the 1992 Cricket World Cup Greatbatch was not selected to play in the first match, against Australia. However, he was selected to open against South Africa in place of John Wright, who had been injured, and proceeded to bat aggressively to take advantage of fielding restrictions early in the innings. The strategy worked, so was repeated again throughout the World Cup and Greatbatch became one of the first 'pinch hitter' players to open an innings in One Day Internationals. Because of this success other cricketing nations, notably Sri Lanka, adopted the idea of opening with an aggressive batsman who normally plays in the middle order of test matches to score quick runs early and this tactic is now common in international cricket.

Mark Greatbatch finished his career with 2,021 Test runs and 2,206 ODI runs.

After cricket
In September 2005 he became director of coaching at Warwickshire County Cricket Club in England. After relegation from both the County Championship and Pro40 League in 2007 he was replaced by Ashley Giles. In January, 2010, Greatbatch was appointed the coach of the New Zealand national cricket team.

In 2022, Asterix, a horse that Greatbatch partly owned, won the New Zealand Derby.

title: Mark Greatbatch


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Ravi Rampaul

Ravindranath Rampaul (born 15 October 1984) is a Trinidadian cricketer who plays as a pace bowler. He's played for the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago and IPL side Royal Challengers Bangalore. Rampaul has also featured for CPL outfits Barbados Tridents and Trinbago Knight Riders along with English County cricket teams Surrey and Derbyshire. Rampaul was a notable member of the Windies side that won the 2012 T20 World Cup.

Youth cricket
Rampaul played youth cricket for West Indies and Trinidad and Tobago, playing at the World Under-15 Challenge in England in 2000, and at the 2002 Under-19 World Cup, before breaking the record wicket tally in the regional youth tournament in West Indies after taking 45 wickets in five matches during the 2002 tournament. The following season, he took 27 wickets, as Trinidad and Tobago won their first youth title since 1987. By that time, however, he had also made his first-class debut, playing three Busta Cup matches for Trinidad and Tobago during the 2001–02 season and taking six wickets.

International career
After playing six further matches during the 2002–03 season, and taking 18 wickets, with only Marlon Black taking more for Trinidad and Tobago that season, Rampaul was selected for West Indies Under-19s in the 2003–04 Red Stripe Bowl one-day tournament. Rampaul was leading wicket-taker for the U-19 team, as his eight wickets was double that of any other, and after the tournament completed, Rampaul was called up to represent West Indies in their tour of Zimbabwe in October and November.

Rampaul went wicketless in his first game, sending down 13 no-balls in 30 overs, and was not selected for either of the two Test matches. However, after taking two wickets, including opener Dion Ebrahim, in the one-day warm-up match against Zimbabwe A, Rampaul played in four of the five ODIs. He failed to take a wicket in the series, which West Indies eventually claimed 3–2 with a win in the final game, and Rampaul was the most expensive West Indian bowler among those bowling more than four overs per game,

Rampaul also went to the South African leg of the tour, and recorded his first five-wicket-haul in first-class cricket, taking five of the first six wickets in a tour match against Free State. They were 86 for six after West Indies had posted 618, and Rampaul ended with figures of five for 55. Rampaul played all three tour games, but once again was left out of the Test matches. After "impressing" in a one-day tour match against South Africa A, he was left out of the team for the first ODI, but replaced Vasbert Drakes for the second match. Rampaul picked up the wicket of Jacques Kallis for 16, and contributed 24 runs, as West Indies lost by 16 runs. He removed Kallis again in the final ODI, when West Indies nearly leveled the 5-match series to 2 games apiece. Kallis though, in scoring 135, helped the South Africans to a 3-2 series triumph. Rampaul's figures of 2-56 from his 10 overs, was lauded as a "marvellous late effort"

After once again playing in the Under-19 World Cup, taking nine wickets as West Indies reached the final but ultimately lost to Pakistan, Rampaul played in all five ODIs against England at home, taking four wickets but once again being the most expensive of the regular bowlers. Between 1 October 1998 and 14 July 2006 only Tino Best conceded more wides and no-balls per ten overs in ODIs for the West Indies.

Injury problems
Rampaul was selected in a 13-man squad to play the first home Test against Bangladesh, but was not selected to play, and one month later, he was struck with injury. He had played three matches during the 2004 NatWest Series. He later picked up two wickets, Geraint Jones and Andrew Strauss, for 34 in a seven-wicket win over England. However due to a shin injury he took no further part in the series, and flew home before the Test matches.

Rampaul returned to cricket when he turned up in Trinidad league cricket in February 2005, and represented Trinidad and Tobago again during the 2005–06 KFC Cup in October, where he played four matches and was Trinidad and Tobago's leading wicket-taker along with Samuel Badree. However, Rampaul sustained a leg injury, and did not play any games during the first-class Carib Beer Series, which his team won.

Return from injury
In July 2006, Rampaul was awarded a cricket scholarship by the Australian High Commissioner to Trinidad and Tobago, and attended coaching sessions in Australia.

Rampaul became Ireland's overseas player for the 2008 Friends Provident Trophy. He helped them win their first FP Trophy game for two years against Warwickshire. In six matches for Ireland Rampaul took 10 wickets at an average of 28.70, with best bowling figures of 3/40.

Pakistan toured the West Indies in April and May 2011 for a T20I, five ODIs, and two Tests. Osman Samiuddin remarked that during the Tests Rampaul "ran in precisely with the enthusiasm of a man unable to believe how his career has suddenly soared, racing in so the dream doesn't suddenly end". Rampaul was the West Indies leading wicket-taker in the two test series, with eleven dismissals at an average of 20.90. India began a tour of the West Indies in June. Rampaul was fined 10 per cent of his match fee for the first Test for questioning the umpire's decision when he was given out. He eventually earned ten wickets in the three-match test series at an average of 24.90.

A shoulder injury in March prevented Rampaul from playing domestic cricket for Trinidad and Tobago; a bout of dengue fever the same month prevented him from playing in the ODI series against Australia. He began club cricket towards the end of the month and hoped to represent Trinidad and Tobago to prove his fitness to the national selectors. At last Rampaul was included in the team for the third and final Test after an injury to fellow fast bowler Fidel Edwards.

In September 2021, Rampaul was named in the West Indies' squad for the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup.

County cricket
During March 2016 Rampaul signed a two-year contract to play for Surrey County Cricket. On his debut for the side, he picked up 5 for 93, at Trent Bridge against Nottinghamshire in the English County Championship. Rampaul was a member of the Surrey side which reached the final of the 2017 Royal London One Day Cup. In October 2017, Rampaul joined Derbyshire, in a three-year deal.

Bowling style
In 2004, at the age of 19, Rampaul was regularly bowling in excess of 81 mph and by 2011 the usual pace of his deliveries was pushing 90 mph. Rampaul is well known for his swing bowling, in the words of ESPNcricinfo's Daniel Brettig, "Sending the ball down at brisk pace, Rampaul maintains an immaculate seam position, maximising his chances of early deviation through the air or off the pitch".

title: Ravi Rampaul


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St. Louis–style pizza

St. Louis–style pizza is a type of pizza in St. Louis, Missouri and surrounding areas. The pizza has a thin cracker-like crust made without yeast, topped with sweet tomato sauce and Provel cheese, and is cut into squares or rectangles rather than wedges.

St. Louis–style pizza is available at local restaurants and chains such as Imo's Pizza. Frozen St. Louis–style pizzas are sold at local supermarkets such as Schnucks and Dierbergs Markets.

Thin crust
The crust is made without yeast, as opposed to Chicago-style pizza or New York–style pizza, yielding a crisp and cracker-like crust.

In contrast to the larger pie-like wedges seen in other pizza styles, St. Louis–style pizza is cut into three- or four-inch squares, referred to as a party cut or tavern cut.

It has been suggested that the square-cut was inspired by Ed Imo’s former profession as a tile-layer. The smaller slices and rigid crust help to support the weight of its toppings.

Provel cheese
Provel cheese is typically—though not always—used in place of mozzarella. Provel is a white processed cheese made from cheddar, Swiss, and provolone, developed by Costa Grocery in St. Louis during the 1950s. It’s made in Wisconsin by a Kraft Heinz subsidiary, primarily for the St. Louis market.

Sweet tomato sauce
The tomato sauce is seasoned with more oregano than other styles of pizza, and is sweeter, which is likely due to the influence of Sicilian immigrants upon Italian foods in St. Louis.

title: St. Louis–style pizza


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Europop (album)

Europop is the debut studio album by Italian electronic group Eiffel 65. The album was released in late 1999 as under Bliss Corporation and Universal Records and Republic Music (Universal and Republic would merge to Universal Republic). The album is most notable for the group's two biggest hits: "Blue (Da Ba Dee)" and "Move Your Body," which topped the charts worldwide in 2000.

Music
The title of Europop describes its genre; it combines several dance styles unique to European countries, such as the United Kingdom's trip hop, Germany's techno, and Italy's dance music, and songs are structured like a typical pop song. The album follows a deep house template featuring vocoder vocal effects, synthesizer hooks, and "nursery rhyme choruses," with occasional deviations from it into string-orchestrated hip-hop ("Living in a Bubble") and "trippy" house stylings ("Now is Forever" and "Europop"). Elements of 1980s synthpop dominate, with reviews making comparisons to Depeche Mode (especially towards "Your Clown"  ), Erasure,  A-ha, and Duran Duran.

Lyrics
Although some of its tracks are self-indulgent and facile, Europop generally incorporates social commentary on deceptions and connections between humans. Explained Jey, "We like to speak of how things affect human beings without saying 'This is bad' or 'We want to drown everyone who does that.'" "Living in a Bubble"'s message is making sure what's real in "a place of lies and hype"; specifically, according to Jey, it is about how celebrities have people they encounter be unusually "friendly and openhearted right away" when popular, only for that to change when their fame decreases. The subject of "Silicon World" dreams of "a silicon girl with silicon lips and silicon hair" he'll never meet. "Too Much of Heaven" critiques societies' fixation on wealth and its effects on morality, while "Blue (Da Ba Dee)" is about someone where "everything is blue for him" due to a need to be heard.

Europop features references to consumer technology. In "Hyperlink (Deep Down)", the subject displays lust through computer terminology like "a sexual browser" and "a hyperlink to go inside you," and a tribute to the PlayStation, "My Console,"  that references games such as Resident Evil, Tekken 3 and Bloody Roar. There are also songs about love and relationships, including the aforementioned "Silicon World" and "Hyperlink (Deep Down)" as well as "Your Clown," which depicts the subject trying to get out of an abusive love triangle caused by his girlfriend.

Sound
The album features pitch-corrected vocals and Euro disco beats throughout. Eiffel 65 perform all the songs on this album in English.

Reception
Contemporaneous reviews from Entertainment Weekly, the Houston Chronicle, and The Plain Dealer welcomed the humorous, light-weight dance-pop style of Europop in a pop music market saturated with mostly dour music, calling serious cuts such as "Your Clown" and "Now is Forever" the LP's weakest. Reviews from The Plain Dealer and Rolling Stone also appreciated its rejection of intellectual pretentiousness common in electronic music. On the other hand, the album was criticized for a lack of differentiation (in composition and production techniques) between songs, with Promis writing its best moments came when it combined its template with different genres. In his review for Courier News, Tab Benoit called Eiffel 65 a "one-trick pony" for using the same vocal effect for all tracks.

The album peaked at number four on the Billboard 200 in the United States, and the song "Blue (Da Ba Dee)" peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot 100, impressive for an EDM song at the time of its release. In February 2000, the album was certified two-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipments of two million copies in the US.

Personnel
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes. The track numbers correspond to the US release.

Eiffel 65
 * Jeffrey Jey – vocals
 * Maurizio Lobina – keyboards, programming
 * Gabry Ponte – DJ, mixing

Additional personnel
 * Angelica Villella – mixing (1, 2, 4-8, 10, 14)
 * Mauro Di Deco – mixing (3, 9, 11-13)
 * Chris Zippel – mastering
 * Massimo Gabutti – executive producer
 * Luciano Zucchet – executive producer

title: Europop (album)


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Talk:Anaerobic exercise

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Old discussion
The direction I was thinking of taking it was talking about why people do anaerobic exercise, since Anaerobic_metabolism has the chemistry of it covered. Not sure how to best handle the talking about it in that way yet. If anyone has any ideas go for it.

Also I think in general the whole exercise/fitness part of wikipedia needs a lot of work. For example Weight_loss just redirects to dieting [not any more - user], when in reality exercising is much more effective than dieting to lose weight, and weight loss programs that do not included exercise suck and usually fail(IMHO). Perhpas because we have good articles on aerobic/anerobic metabolism the Anaerobic/Aerobic exercise pages should primarily be a collection of links to exercises of their type, with a few words about the benefits and comparison of anaerobic and aerobic exercise.

(just some athlete, not a trained expert)--NoYes 06:17, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)

In university level textbooks the terms aerobic/anerobic have generally been superceeded by more accurate terms. there are three energy systems the muscles use:

The high intensity/short duration system: known as phospagen/high energy phosphate or ATP/CP system. The intermediate system: known as (oxygen independent or non-oxidative) glycolytic system. the long-term system: known as (oxygen dependent or oxidative) system.

furthermore there is an overlap between the energy systems for any particular exercise: for example Fox E & Matthews (1974) shows that even a sport as "anaerobic" as weightlifting draws 95% of energy from the short term system and 5% from the intermediate system.

most of this can be checked against "Supertraining" 6th edition, Dr Mel Siff & Dr Verkhoshansky

--User:Weightshead

--12.207.91.233 01:24, 1 December 2005 (UTC)so just remember it doesnt need oxygen!!! == == == ==

This article is somewhat contradictory to the article on Lactate or lactic acid. Seeing as they are not the same I find it inaccurate that they are treated as such in this article. The debate over lactate may be active but if so then it shouldn't be held as fact.

glycogen and switch to aerobic metabolism
the article states that running out of glycogen in muscles is what switches one to aerobic metabolism. i thought this was what happens when a marathoner "hits the wall", which is long after he turned to aerobic metabolism. can anyone clarify this, or fix it if need be. Sfahey 22:54, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * The difference here is muscle glycogen vs liver glycogen. Hitting the wall is usuallu associated with running out of liver glycogen.  Pasta loading is all about 'filling up' the liver with glycogen. David D. (Talk) 04:02, 14 June 2006 (UTC)

removed controversial study
I removed the section on the controversial study on lactic acid.
 * It was long thought that lactic acid, the end-product of anaerobic metabolism, causes muscle fatigue and must be burned up by the body during a recovery period before another anaerobic bout of exercise can be attempted. However, scientists now accept the view that lactic acid may actually facilitate further exercise, and is itself a valuable fuel used by mitochondria in aerobic metabolism. The recovery period also allows the muscles to use oxygen to replenish the energy used during the high intensity exercise.

This could be expanded in its own section but is not really introduction material. David D. (Talk) 04:02, 14 June 2006 (UTC)

Discussion of different forms of anaerobic metabolism absent in this article!!!
Check out http://www.brianmac.demon.co.uk/energy.htm in which it explains the ATP form of anaerobic metabolism and the 'Lactic acid form'. p WHy does this article not discuss the differences??? Possibly one of the worst content articles I've come across. Can somebody who can do it properly take in this information and improve this article??? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 210.49.183.79 (talk • contribs).

 * It is there:
 * "Anaerobic exercise begins with muscles utilizing stored creatine phosphate to generate the ATP that produces muscle contraction. After several seconds, further ATP energy is made available to muscles by metabolizing muscle glycogen into pyruvate through glycolysis, as it normally does through the aerobic cycle. What differs is that pyruvate, rather than be broken down through the slower but more energy efficient aerobic process, is fermented to lactic acid."
 * I would suggest you rewrite that paragraph so it is more like the form you were expecting. Are ATP form and lactice acid form recognised terminology? David D. (Talk) 19:44, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

center around?
Why not write center on? How can you center around something? (In the first sentence of the article.)62.142.45.245 23:52, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

mM/L?
Am I missing something here? Molarity is a measure of concentration, and so M/L doesn't make much sense to me. Perhaps it should be mmol/L? Gaspard 15:50, 28 June 2007 (UTC)

Suggestion?
I came to this page to find out what Anaerobic Exercise was, and instead found information on what's chemically going on and what chemically constitutes it. I also found out what exercises are aerobic. I still don't know what exercises are anaerobic. Perhaps list and explain examples? --76.214.201.26 06:35, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

Agreed. I looked up this page hoping to find examples of anaerobic exercises and learn what the practical differences are between an aerobic and anaerobic exercises. 71.193.188.131 (talk) 17:24, 3 April 2009 (UTC)

Yeah; it's bizarre that the article on anaerobic exercise doesn't list a single anaerobic exercise. 98.217.79.216 (talk) 17:08, 11 December 2010 (UTC)

An example of Anaerobic exercise would be, but not limited too; Sprinting, Bodybuilding, Long Jump, High Jump etc. Anaerobic simply means without oxygen, what this means is that your body starts using another system (Lactate) in order to break down glucose for use as energy. In normal circumstances (at rest or during aerobic exercise; low to moderate intensity exercise, the body can take in enough oxygen to supply the working muscles with blood and therefore oxygen, however when exercise intensity exceeds oxygen intake capabilities, then the exercise becomes anaerobic. Hope this helps (Jiigzz (talk) 07:52, 10 June 2011 (UTC))

Question about creatine-energy rest period
If creatine energy stops after 30 seconds, how long must a person rest before he will be able to use the creatine again (instead of using the second inferior energy source called 'glycolisis'? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.73.210.68 (talk) 02:38, 8 December 2008 (UTC)

This might give some answers: http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/issa111.htm  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.73.210.68 (talk) 02:53, 8 December 2008 (UTC)

The Phosphocreatine system (which I assume you are referring to) is used for maximun intensity activities (such as sprinting) that do not normally exceed 10 seconds. The phosphocreatine system "kicks" in instantly after commencement of activities and lasts for up to 15 seconds, after which, the body relies on the glycolytic system in order to produce energy, After the "creatine system" has been used up, you must allow 2-4 minutes to allow for the regeneration of PCr before undertaking another bout of maximal exercise. (Jiigzz (talk) 08:20, 10 June 2011 (UTC))

Heart Rate diagram
I have pointed out an error in the heart rate diagram in the Talk:Aerobic exercise discussion. Best contribute there if you have anything to add.

Zfishwiki (talk) 21:26, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

Could the chart be extended to perhaps 80 years old? I'm 75 and never can find a good chart for HIIT. Dehughes (talk) 20:14, 9 August 2021 (UTC)

High Intensity Interval Training
Can information be added to the article about why Interval Training and High Intensity Interval Training methods, which are anaerobic exercise methods, produce the same physiological changes in the body as aerobic exercises of much longer durations? Wsmss (talk) 11:32, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

Diagram at Top of page
Correct me if I'm wrong, but that diagram seems to be incorrect. It has VO2max above Anaerobic exercise. However Vo2max is the bodies ability to intake oxygen to supply working muscles and if the body cannot take in enough oxygen to supply the muscles, then the exercise becomes anaerobic (without oxygen). Shouldn't V02max be underneath Anaerobic or does this diagram represent something else? V02 max is to do with supplying the working muscles. At an individuals Vo2 max, oxygen consumption remains the same even though excercise intensity is increased and the body changes to instead use the lactic acid system (which is more intense that an individuals Vo2 max. Maybe delete the diagram if it is incorrect? (Jiigzz (talk) 08:33, 10 June 2011 (UTC))

The text says HIIT becomes anaerobic at above 90% HRmax. But the diagram says anaerobic metabolism occurs between 80% and 90%. Is this a contradiction or is the 90% threshold specific to HIIT? And isn't it dangerous to go beyond 90%? --92.77.217.90 (talk) 10:23, 22 February 2015 (UTC)

There's a lot of work that needs to be done on this page
I came to the page to figure out what anaerobic metabolism is and got chemistry and fermentation links that I was forwarded to. needs work and sounds like there's a lot of confusing information. Its not clear. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.27.175.101 (talk) 03:31, 16 September 2011 (UTC)

Biological effects of anaerobic exercise
The article doesn't really cover this. Love to see it expanded! Lfstevens (talk) 04:44, 7 November 2014 (UTC)

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Ok, but what about risks?
For example you can get tennis elbow, see here. 85.193.252.19 (talk) 01:44, 26 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Anaerobic exercise