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MŠK Žilina

MŠK Žilina is a Slovak football club based in the town of Žilina, that is playing in the Slovak Superliga. Since the league inception in 1993, the club has won 7 titles and comes second in All-time table that makes them one of the most successful teams in the competition. The club and their supporters alike are nicknamed Šošoni (after the Shoshone Native American tribe) and play their home games in the Štadión pod Dubňom. In the 2016–17 season, Žilina won the Slovak League.

Early years
The club was founded towards the end of 1908 under the Hungarian name Zsolnai Testgyakorlók Köre, and was officially registered on 20 June 1909. The club won its first Slovak championship (Zväzové majstrovstvá Slovenska) in 1928 followed by another in 1929.

Czechoslovak League
In total, Žilina played 30 out of 47 seasons in the Czechoslovak First League spanning from 1945 to 1993 and come 13th in all-time table. The most successful season remains 1946–47 when they clinched 4th place.

Many consider 1961 a milestone in club's history. Firstly, the team reached the final of the National Cup, where they lost to Dukla Prague, the eventual Czechoslovak champion. Despite the defeat, for the first time in its history the club, then known as Dynamo Žilina, broke into Europe to contest in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. Notable 3–2 and 1–0 victories over Olympiacos moved them in quarter-finals, however the ambitious Slovak team was ultimately knocked out by the previous year's winner Fiorentina. Although Žilina grabbed a promising 3–2 victory at home, Fiorentina went through by winning the second leg 2–0.

Quarter-Finals

Second leg
Fiorentina won 4–3 on aggregate.

In the late 1960s the club was renamed TJ ZVL Žilina and participated in the Intertoto Cup for several years, winning the group in 1969 and coming 2nd a year later. In 1973–74 they reached the final of the Mitropa Cup but they were defeated by Tatabányai Bányász 5–2 on aggregate. Between 1972 and 1974, they finished 5th in the First Division of the Czechoslovak League for three years running, followed by relegation to the Second Division in the 1978–79 season. The club bounced back four years later and finished second in the Mitropa Cup.

New era – Slovak League
Following dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1993, MŠK Žilina has been playing in the Slovak Superliga for the total of 23 seasons with the exception of 1995–96 season after relegation to the Second Division.

In the autumn of 2000, former Czechoslovakian defender Ladislav Jurkemik joined the club as a new manager. After his departure halfway through the 2001–02 season the club appointed Czech coach Leoš Kalvoda. During his short reign at the club he led them to win their first title. In the 2002–03 season, now under the management of Milan Lešický, the club succeeded in retaining the title.

Ladislav Jurkemik was reappointed as a manager during the 2003–04 season. He led the defending champions to 10 priceless consecutive victories to clinch the third successive title though narrowly on a goal difference. After Slovan Bratislava, MŠK Žilina became only the second club to win three Slovakian titles. The team's performances in next two seasons faded while they lacked the quality they had been famous for during their winning campaigns. In pursuit of silverware numerous players were signed over next two years. In the span of only fourteen months, three managers; the reputable Karol Pecze, his successor Milan Nemec and eventually Marijan Vlak were in charge over the team. Since the results and performances never met the expectations, Vlak ended his reign immediately at the end of 2005–06 season after they failed to reach UEFA Cup spot only to finish fourth.

They played in the 2008–09 UEFA Cup, reaching the group stages where they beat Aston Villa 2–1 at Villa Park.

Former Czechoslovakia and later Czech international Pavel Hapal was appointed new manager before 2009–10 campaign. In his first season, he led the team to win a league title, their fifth in nine years. Arguably the greatest success in their history came by making a debut in 2010–11 UEFA Champions League group stage after eliminating Sparta Prague in play-off round. In the following season they completed their first ever double, while the 2012–13 season saw the team finishing 7th – their worst league position since 2000. However, as a defeated finalists of the Slovak Cup the club secured a place to contest in the 1st qualifying round of 2013–14 UEFA Europa League.

Events timeline

 * 1909 – Founded as Zsolnai Testgyakorlók Köre
 * 1910 – Renamed ZsTS Zsolna
 * 1919 – Renamed SK Žilina
 * 1948 – Renamed Sokol Slovena Žilina
 * 1953 – Renamed Jiskra Slovena Žilina
 * 1956 – Renamed DSO Dynamo Žilina
 * 1961 – First European qualification, 1961–62
 * 1963 – Renamed Jednota Žilina
 * 1967 – Renamed TJ ZVL Žilina
 * 1990 – Renamed ŠK Žilina
 * 1995 – Renamed MŠK Žilina

Affiliated clubs
The following clubs are currently affiliated with MŠK Žilina:
 * 🇸🇰 Tatran Liptovský Mikuláš (2012–present)
 * 🇸🇰 MŠK Námestovo (TBA–present)
 * 🇸🇰 Baník Prievidza (2013–present)
 * 🇸🇰 JUPIE Futbalová škola Mareka Hamšíka (2016–present)
 * 🇬🇭 MŠK Žilina Africa FC (2018–present)

Supporters
MŠK Žilina supporters are called Žilinskí Šošoni (Žilina Shoshones), North Brigade and Žilinskí Fanatici (Žilina Fanatics). Žilina supporters maintain friendly relations with fans of Polish Góral Żywiec.

Stadium

Štadión Pod Dubňom is their home stadium. It has a capacity of 10,785. It underwent a major renovation between 2006 and September 2009. Between 2014 and 2015 it was used as the home stadium of Slovakia.

Sponsorship
source

Domestic
Czechoslovakia 🇸🇰 Slovakia
 * Zväzové Majstrovstvá Slovenska (Slovak League) (1925–33)
 * [[Image:Gold medal icon.svg|15px]] Winners: 1928, 1929
 * Czechoslovak Cup (1961–93)
 * [[Image:Silver medal icon.svg|15px]] Runners-up: 1961
 * 1.SNL (1st Slovak National football league) (1969–93)
 * [[Image:Gold medal icon.svg|15px]] Winners: 1981–82
 * Slovak Super Liga (1993–present)
 * [[Image:Gold medal icon.svg|15px]] Winners (7): 2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2006–07, 2009–10, 2011–12, 2016–17
 * [[Image:Silver medal icon.svg|15px]] Runners-up (5): 2004–05, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2014–15, 2019–20
 * Slovak Cup (1961–present)
 * [[Image:Gold medal icon.svg|15px]] Winners (2): 1960–61, 2011–12
 * [[Image:Silver medal icon.svg|15px]] Runners-up (8): 1976–77, 1979–80, 1985–86, 1989–90, 2010–11, 2012–13, 2018–19, 2020–21
 * Pribina Cup (Slovak Super Cup) (1993–present)
 * [[Image:Gold medal icon.svg|15px]] Winners: 2003, 2004, 2007, 2010

Slovak League Top Goalscorer
Slovak League Top scorer since 1993–94

 * 1Shared award

European

 * UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
 * Quarter-final (1): 1961–62
 * Mitropa Cup
 * [[Image:Silver medal icon.svg|15px]] Runners-up (2): 1974, 1983

UEFA ranking
This is the current 2021–22 UEFA coefficient:
 * Full list

Transfers
MŠK have produced numerous players who have gone on to represent the Slovak national football team. Over the last period there has been a steady increase of young players leaving Žilina after a few years of first team football and moving on to play football in leagues of a higher standard, with the German Bundesliga (Double best scorer Marek Mintál to 1. FC Nürnberg in 2003, another forwards Stanislav Šesták to VfL Bochum in 2009 and Mário Breška to 1. FC Nürnberg in 2008, also right back Peter Pekarík to VfL Wolfsburg in 2009 ), Italian Serie A (Milan Škriniar to Sampdoria in 2016, Dávid Hancko to ACF Fiorentina in 2018 ), Spanish La Liga (Róbert Mazáň to Celta de Vigo in 2018 ), Turkish Süper Lig (William to Kayserispor in 2016), Dutch Eredivisie (Róbert Boženík to Feyenoord in 2020), Danish Superliga (Denis Vavro to F.C. Copenhagen in 2017, Dawid Kurminowski to AGK in 2021 ), Austrian Football Bundesliga (Admir Vladavić to Salzburg in 2009 and 2013–14 best goalscorer Matej Jelić to Rapid Wien in 2015), Polish Ekstraklasa (Ján Mucha to Legia Warsaw in 2005, Róbert Jež to Górnik Zabrze in 2010 and Vahan Bichakhchyan to Pogoń Szczecin in 2022 ). Russian Premier League (Tomáš Hubočan to Zenit in 2008). The top transfer was agreed in 2016 when 18 years old talented midfielder László Bénes joined German Mönchengladbach for a fee more than €5.0 million, which was the highest ever paid to a Slovak club.

Record transfers
*-unofficial fee

Current squad
Updated 8 July 2024

''For recent transfers, see List of Slovak football transfers summer 2024.

Reserve team
MŠK Žilina B are the reserve team of MŠK Žilina. They currently play in the second-level football league in Slovakia 2. Liga.

Squad
Head coach: Vladimír Veselý

Assistant coach: Filip Kňazovič

Assistant coach: Viktor Pečovský

Goalkeeper coach: Dušan Molčan

For recent transfers, see List of Slovak football transfers summer 2023.

League and Cup history
Slovak League only (1993–present)
 * {|class="wikitable"

! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| Season ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| Division (Name) ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| Pos./Teams ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| Pl. ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| W ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| D ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| L ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| GS ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| GA ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| P ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"| Slovak Cup ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;" colspan=2|Europe ! style="color:#FBE100; background:#00502E;"|Top Scorer (Goals) 🇸🇰 Ľubomír Zuziak (13) UC 1R ( FC Utrecht) 🇸🇰 Tomáš Oravec (11)
 * align=center|1993–94
 * align=center|1st (Mars Superliga)
 * align=center|5/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|11
 * align=center|11
 * align=center|10
 * align=center|50
 * align=center|42
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|3.R
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center|🇸🇰 Ivan Šefčík (13)
 * align=center|🇸🇰 Ivan Šefčík (13)
 * align=center|1994–95
 * align=center|1st(Mars Superliga)
 * align=center bgcolor=red|12/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|3
 * align=center|20
 * align=center|37
 * align=center|53
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|1.R
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center|1995–96
 * align=center|2nd (1.Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=green|2/(16) (P)
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|17
 * align=center|5
 * align=center|8
 * align=center|57
 * align=center|27
 * align=center|56
 * align=center|2.R
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center|1996–97
 * align=center|1st (Mars Superliga)
 * align=center|9/(16)
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|11
 * align=center|4
 * align=center|15
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|34
 * align=center|37
 * align=center|2.R
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center|1997–98
 * align=center|1st (Mars Superliga)
 * align=center|7/(16)
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|11
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|10
 * align=center|23
 * align=center|25
 * align=center|42
 * align=center|1.R
 * align=center|UI
 * align=center| Group stage (9), 4th
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Ladislav Meszároš (5)
 * align=center|1998–99
 * align=center|1st (Mars Superliga)
 * align=center|6/(16)
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|15
 * align=center|3
 * align=center|12
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|42
 * align=center|48
 * align=center|2.R
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Marek Mintál (11)
 * align=center|1999–00
 * align=center|1st (Mars Superliga)
 * align=center|8/(16)
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|12
 * align=center|5
 * align=center|13
 * align=center|39
 * align=center|37
 * align=center|41
 * align=center|1.R
 * align=center| UI
 * align=center|2.R (🇫🇷 Metz)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Marek Mintál (12)
 * align=center|2000–01
 * align=center|1st (Mars Superliga)
 * align=center|5/(10)
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|11
 * align=center|12
 * align=center|13
 * align=center|41
 * align=center|46
 * align=center|45
 * align=center|2.R
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Ľubomír Reiter (12)
 * align=center|2001–02
 * align=center|1st (Mars Superliga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(10)
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|21
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|62
 * align=center|39
 * align=center|69
 * align=center|Semi-finals
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Marek Mintál (21)
 * align=center|2002–03
 * align=center|1st (Slovak Super Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(10)
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|21
 * align=center|7
 * align=center|8
 * align=center|69
 * align=center|31
 * align=center|70
 * align=center|Semi-finals
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|Q2 ( Basel)
 * align=center|🇸🇰 Marek Mintál (20)
 * align=center|2003–04
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(10)
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|17
 * align=center|13
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|62
 * align=center|35
 * align=center|64
 * align=center|Quarter-finals
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(10)
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|17
 * align=center|13
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|62
 * align=center|35
 * align=center|64
 * align=center|Quarter-finals
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|Q3 (🏴 Chelsea)
 * align=center|🇸🇰 Marek Bažík (11)
 * align=center|2004–05
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|2/(10)
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|19
 * align=center|8
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|73
 * align=center|34
 * align=center|65
 * align=center|Semi-finals
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|Q2 ( D.București)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Ivan Bartoš (18)
 * align=center|2005–06
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center|4/(10)
 * align=center|36
 * align=center|18
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|12
 * align=center|69
 * align=center|44
 * align=center|60
 * align=center|2.R
 * align=center|UC
 * align=center|Q2 (🇦🇹 Austria Wien)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Stanislav Šesták (17)
 * align=center|2006–07
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(12)
 * align=center|28
 * align=center|22
 * align=center|3
 * align=center|3
 * align=center|80
 * align=center|17
 * align=center|69
 * align=center|Quarter-finals
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Stanislav Šesták (15)
 * align=center|2007–08
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|2/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|22
 * align=center|4
 * align=center|4
 * align=center|75
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|73
 * align=center|Semi-finals
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|Q2 (🇨🇿 Slavia Prague)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Peter Štyvar (15)
 * align=center|2008–09
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|2/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|18
 * align=center|8
 * align=center|7
 * align=center|56
 * align=center|26
 * align=center|62
 * align=center|Quarter-finals
 * align=center|UC
 * align=center| Group stage (F), 4th
 * align=center| 🇧🇷 Adauto (11)
 * align=center|2009–10
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|23
 * align=center|4
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|59
 * align=center|17
 * align=center|73
 * align=center|3.R
 * align=center|EL
 * align=center|P-O ( FK Partizan)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Ivan Lietava (13)
 * align=center|2010–11
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=tan|3/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|14
 * align=center|12
 * align=center|7
 * align=center|47
 * align=center|28
 * align=center|54
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|Runners-up
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|Group stage (F), 4th
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Tomáš Majtán (11)
 * align=center|47
 * align=center|28
 * align=center|54
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|Runners-up
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|Group stage (F), 4th
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Tomáš Majtán (11)
 * align=center|2011–12
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|19
 * align=center|10
 * align=center|4
 * align=center|57
 * align=center|27
 * align=center|67
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|Winner
 * align=center| EL
 * align=center|Q2 (🇮🇸 KR)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Róbert Pich (10)
 * align=center|2012–13
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center|7/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|15
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|37
 * align=center|28
 * align=center|42
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|Runners-up
 * align=center|CL
 * align=center|Q2 (🇮🇱 I.K.Shmona)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Róbert Pich (11)
 * align=center|2013–14
 * align=center|1st (Corgoň Liga)
 * align=center|9/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|11
 * align=center|7
 * align=center|15
 * align=center|49
 * align=center|50
 * align=center|40
 * align=center|Quarter-finals
 * align=center|EL
 * align=center|Q3 ( HNK Rijeka)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Róbert Pich (7)
 * align=center|2014–15
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|2/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|20
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|4
 * align=center|68
 * align=center|25
 * align=center|69
 * align=center|5.R
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| Matej Jelić (19)
 * align=center|2015–16
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center|5/(12)
 * align=center|33
 * align=center|14
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|13
 * align=center|58
 * align=center|46
 * align=center|48
 * align=center|Semi-finals
 * align=center| EL
 * align=center|P-O ( Athletic Bilbao)
 * align=center| Nermin Haskić (8)
 * align=center|2016–17
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=gold|1/(12)
 * align=center|30
 * align=center|23
 * align=center|4
 * align=center|3
 * align=center|82
 * align=center|25
 * align=center|73
 * align=center|Quarter-finals
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Filip Hlohovský (20)
 * align=center|2017–18
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center|4/(12)
 * align=center|31
 * align=center|17
 * align=center|2
 * align=center|12
 * align=center|61
 * align=center|48
 * align=center|53
 * align=center|Semi–finals
 * align=center| CL
 * align=center| Q2 ( Copenhagen)
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Samuel Mráz (21)
 * align=center|2018–19
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center|4/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|16
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|10
 * align=center|56
 * align=center|44
 * align=center|54
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|Runners-up
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Róbert Boženík (13)
 * align=center|2019–20
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|2/(12)
 * align=center|27
 * align=center|15
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|48
 * align=center|25
 * align=center|51
 * align=center|1/8 Fin
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| 🇸🇰 Ján Bernát (9)
 * align=center|2020–21
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center|4/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|15
 * align=center|7
 * align=center|10
 * align=center|73
 * align=center|52
 * align=center|52
 * align=center bgcolor=silver|Runners-up
 * align=center| EL
 * align=center| Q1 ( New Saints)
 * align=center| Dawid Kurminowski (20)
 * align=center|2021–22
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center|6/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|8
 * align=center|10
 * align=center|14
 * align=center|43
 * align=center|52
 * align=center|34
 * align=center|Quarter-finals
 * align=center| ECL
 * align=center| P–O ( FK Jablonec)
 * align=center| Vahan Bichakhchyan (6)
 * align=center|2022–23
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center|6/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|11
 * align=center|6
 * align=center|15
 * align=center|49
 * align=center|53
 * align=center|39
 * align=center|Fourth round
 * align=center|
 * align=center|
 * align=center| Adrián Kaprálik (10)
 * align=center|2023–24
 * align=center|1st (Fortuna Liga)
 * align=center|4/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|16
 * align=center|7
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|54
 * align=center|45
 * align=center|47
 * align=center|Third round
 * align=center| ECL
 * align=center| Q2 ( K.A.A. Gent)
 * align=center| Dávid Ďuriš (9)
 * }
 * align=center|4/(12)
 * align=center|32
 * align=center|16
 * align=center|7
 * align=center|9
 * align=center|54
 * align=center|45
 * align=center|47
 * align=center|Third round
 * align=center| ECL
 * align=center| Q2 ( K.A.A. Gent)
 * align=center| Dávid Ďuriš (9)
 * }

European record
Updated 20 July 2023

Most goals
Players whose name is listed in bold are still active.

Notable players
Had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for MŠK.

 * Past (and present) players who are the subjects of Wikipedia articles can be found here.

• 🇸🇰 Juraj Ančic

• 🇬🇭 Benson Anang

• Serge Akakpo

• 🇧🇯 Bello Babatounde

• 🇸🇰 Miroslav Barčík

• 🇸🇰 Ivan Belák

• 🇸🇰 László Bénes

• 🇸🇰 Jozef Bielek

• 🇦🇲 Vahan Bichakhchyan

• 🇸🇰 Róbert Boženík

• 🇸🇰 Mário Breška

• Momodou Ceesay

• 🇸🇰 Juraj Chvátal

• 🇲🇩 Eugeniu Cociuc

• 🇸🇰 Marián Čišovský

• 🇨🇿 Marek Čech

• 🇦🇱🇲🇰 Besir Demiri

• 🇵🇪 Jean Deza

• 🇸🇰 Peter Doležaj

• 🇸🇰 Martin Dúbravka

• 🇸🇰 Martin Ďurica

• 🇸🇰 Dávid Ďuriš

• 🇸🇰 Martin Fabuš

• 🇸🇰 Ľubomír Faktor

• 🇲🇰 Enis Fazlagić

• Dušan Galis

• 🇸🇰 Roman Gergel

• Stanislav Griga

• 🇸🇰 Dávid Guba

• 🇸🇰 Ľubomír Guldan

• 🇸🇰 Dávid Hancko

• 🇧🇦 Nermin Haskić

• 🇸🇰 Filip Hlohovský

• 🇸🇰 Dominik Holec

• 🇸🇰 Jakub Holúbek

• Alexander Horváth

• 🇸🇰 Tomáš Hubočan

• 🇸🇰 Miroslav Hýll

• 🇸🇰 Viliam Hýravý

• Eligijus Jankauskas

• 🇸🇰 Róbert Jež

• 🇸🇰 Miroslav Káčer

• 🇸🇰 Adrián Kaprálik

• 🇨🇿 Filip Kaša

• 🇧🇦 Semir Kerla

• Vladimír Kinier

• 🇸🇰 Peter Kiška

• 🇵🇱 Jakub Kiwior

• 🇸🇰 Miroslav König

• 🇸🇰 Martin Králik

• Anton Krásnohorský

• 🇸🇰 Dušan Kuciak

• 🇸🇰 Branislav Labant

• 🇸🇰 Vladimír Labant

• 🇸🇰 Vladimír Leitner

• Luka Lochoshvili

• 🇨🇿 Aleš Mandous

• 🇨🇲 Ernest Mabouka

• 🇸🇰 Róbert Mazáň

• 🇸🇰 Jaroslav Mihalík

• 🇸🇰 Marek Mintál

• 🇸🇰 Ladislav Molnár

• Anton Moravčík

• 🇸🇰 Samuel Mráz

• 🇸🇰 Ján Mucha

• Peter Mutkovič

• 🇸🇰 Adam Nemec

• 🇸🇰 Peter Németh

• 🇸🇰 Branislav Niňaj

• 🇸🇰 Ján Novák

• Ricardo Nunes

• 🇸🇰 Tomáš Oravec

• Emil Pažický

• 🇸🇰 Mário Pečalka

• 🇸🇰 Viktor Pečovský

• 🇸🇰 Peter Pekarík

• 🇸🇰 Dušan Perniš

• 🇸🇰 František Plach

• 🇸🇰 Andrej Porázik

• 🇭🇺 István Priboj

• 🇸🇰 Ľubomír Reiter

• 🇸🇰 Theodor Reimann

• 🇸🇰 Štefan Rusnák

• 🇸🇰 Branislav Rzeszoto

• 🇸🇰 Leo Sauer

• 🇦🇿 Ramil Sheydayev

• 🇸🇰 Dušan Sninský

• 🇸🇰 Miroslav Seman

• 🇸🇰 Stanislav Šesták

• 🇸🇰 Milan Škriniar

• 🇸🇰 Michal Škvarka

• 🇸🇰 Zdeno Štrba

• 🇸🇰 Peter Štyvar

• 🇦🇺 Aleksandar Susnjar

• 🇸🇰 Lukáš Tesák

• 🇧🇯 Tony Toklomety

• 🇸🇰 Michal Tomič

• 🇸🇰 Ivan Trabalík

• 🇸🇰 Kristián Vallo

• 🇸🇰 Denis Vavro

• 🇧🇦 Velimir Vidić

• 🇧🇦 Admir Vladavić

• Dare Vršič

• 🇧🇯 Salomon Wisdom

• 🇸🇰 Radoslav Zabavník

• Artūrs Zjuzins

List of MŠK Žilina managers

 * 🇭🇺 István Priboj (1935 - 1936)
 * 🇭🇺 Antal Mally (1946 - 1949)
 * Anton Bulla (1961 - 1962)
 * Štefan Jačiansky
 * Oldřich Šubrt (1967)
 * Vojtech Schottert (1967 - 1968)
 * Arnošt Hložek (1968 – 1969)
 * Teodor Reiman (1970 – 1973)
 * Jozef Marušin (1973)
 * Michal Baránek (1974 – 1975)
 * Jozef Marko (1975 – 1977)
 * Eduard Hančin (1977 – 1978)
 * Michal Pucher (1978)
 * Karol Pecze (1979 – 1981)
 * Viliam Meissner (1981 – 1982)
 * Kamil Majerník (1982 – 1984)
 * Emil Bezdeda (1984 – 1985)
 * Jozef Jankech (1985 – 1987)
 * Albert Rusnák (1987 – 1988)
 * Vladimír Židek (1988)
 * Karel Brückner (1988 – 1989)
 * Oldřich Sedláček (1989 – 1991)
 * 🇸🇰 Jozef Zigo (1991 – 1993)
 * 🇸🇰 Miroslav Kráľ (1994)
 * 🇸🇰 Štefan Slezák (1994 – 1995)
 * 🇸🇰 Jozef Zigo (1995)
 * 🇸🇰 Stanislav Griga (1995 – 1996)
 * 🇸🇰 Dušan Radolský (1996 – 1997)
 * 🇸🇰 Anton Jánoš (1998 – 1999)
 * 🇸🇰 Jozef Barmoš (1999 – 2000)
 * 🇸🇰 Miroslav Turianik (2000)
 * 🇸🇰 Ladislav Jurkemik (2000 – 2001)
 * 🇨🇿 Leoš Kalvoda (2002)
 * 🇨🇿 František Komňacký (2002)
 * 🇸🇰 Jaroslav Rybár (2003)
 * 🇸🇰 Milan Lešický (2003)
 * 🇨🇿 Juraj Šimurka (2003)
 * 🇸🇰 Ladislav Jurkemik (2004 – 2005)
 * 🇸🇰 Karol Pecze (2005)
 * 🇸🇰 Milan Nemec (2005 – 2005)
 * Marijan Vlak (2006)
 * 🇨🇿 Pavel Vrba (2006 – 2008)
 * 🇸🇰 Dušan Radolský (2008 – 2009)
 * 🇸🇰 Vladimir Kutka (2009)
 * 🇨🇿 Pavel Hapal (2009 – 2011)
 * 🇸🇰 Ľubomír Nosický (2011 – 2012)
 * Frans Adelaar (2012 – 2013)
 * 🇸🇰 Štefan Tarkovič (2013)
 * 🇸🇰 Adrián Guľa (2013 – 2018)
 * 🇸🇰 Jaroslav Kentoš (2018 – 2019)
 * 🇸🇰 Pavol Staňo (2020 – 2021)
 * 🇸🇰 Peter Černák (10/2021 – 03/2022)
 * 🇸🇰 Ivan Belák (03/2022 – 05/2022) (Carateker)
 * 🇨🇿 Jaroslav Hynek (06/2022 – 04/2024)
 * 🇨🇿 Michal Ščasný (04/2024 – present)

title: MŠK Žilina


text:
Wicomico River (Maryland eastern shore)

The Wicomico River is a 24.4 mi tributary of the Chesapeake Bay on the eastern shore of Maryland. It drains an area of low marshlands and farming country in the middle Delmarva Peninsula.

It rises in northern Wicomico County, close to the Delaware state line, and flows generally southwest, through Salisbury, its head of navigation is Monie Bay on the eastern edge of the Chesapeake Bay between Mt. Vernon and Waterview approximately 15 mi southwest of Salisbury. The lower 20 mi of the river form a tidal estuary.

The gentle free-flowing river is a popular destination for recreational canoeing and kayaking, as well as recreational fishing and crabbing. The river has also become a hotspot for water sports such as wakeboarding and water skiing due to its consistently smooth surface. Barge traffic on the river has made Salisbury the primary shipping point for goods on the Delmarva Peninsula over the last several centuries. Two automobile cable ferries cross the river at Whitehaven and Upper Ferry.

A civic group, the Wicomico Creekwatchers, have been testing water quality at 22 different points along the river since 2002. The City of Salisbury partners with Wicomico Creekwatchers, and provides funding. Their 2016 report, released in April 2017, showed that the water quality decreased compared to 2015, with higher levels of phosphorus, nitrogen, and bacteria.

Etymology
The name Wicomico derives from the Nanticoke words wicko mekee, meaning "a place where houses are built," referring to a Native American village on the banks. The river shares the same name with the Wicomico River (a tributary of the Potomac River) in south-central Maryland.

Tributaries
There are various tributaries and ponds which contribute to the Wicomico River.
 * Beaverdam Creek
 * Colbourne Mill Pond
 * Johnson Pond
 * Parker Pond
 * Rockawalkin Creek
 * Schumaker Pond
 * Shiles Creek
 * Tony Tank Pond
 * Wicomico Creek

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wicomico River (Maryland eastern shore)


text:
User talk:Rascalb

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Re:When to use flags
Athletes in the Olympics are to represent their countries and to compete under their countries' flags, so having flags next to their names is approprate. The Olympics are political in nature. However, the national flag has no bearing or relevance on the population of a city. When we list countries there, we do so mainly for geographic and not political reference. --Jiang 06:58, 27 Aug 2004 (UTC)

About the world city page
Hi Rascalb:

Sorry, but I'm reverting your additions to the "World city" page. If you look at the extremely tortured history page and the discussion page, you'll see that trolls have repeatedly vandalized all lower levels of the full copy of the GaWC list on the "World city" page practically every day for almost four months.

Randwicked took most of the list off the page to bring such nonsense to a stop, and I suspect most people who keep this page on their watchlist have acquiesced in his decision because we're all sick and tired of reverting vandalism on the page.

Of course, if you're willing to patrol the page every day to guard against such vandalism, then feel free to revert back my reversion and then add a notice of your intent to the discussion page.

--Coolcaesar 12:47, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

1980 Lake Placid Winter Olympics Logo
I have replaced the 1980_wolympics_logo.jpg which you uploaded with 1980_wolympics_logo.png. Guest458 11:38, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Pauley perrette.jpg
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Image Tagging for Image:Jmorrison.jpg
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Spelling error
With regards to Image:1952 wolympics logo.png, I assume this is a recreation done by yourself. It is really nice, but there is a spelling error. It says "VINTRLEKER"; it should be "VINTERLEKER". Is it possible for you to change this? -- Egil 12:15, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Image:1964 wolympics logo.jpg listed for deletion
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Orphaned non-free image (Image:ASWWC Logo.gif)
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Fair use rationale for Image:1936 Winter Olympics logo.png
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Orphaned non-free image (Image:IWFL logo batonrouge.gif)
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Replaceable fair use Image:Lamb_band.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Lamb_band.jpg. I notice the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created that provides substantially the same information. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:

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Orphaned logos
I have tagged the following images as orphaned fairuse. In order for the images to be kept at Wikipedia, they must be included in at least one article. Bigr Tex  21:58, 9 August 2007 (UTC)
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 * Image:IWFL_logo_chicago.jpg
 * Image:IWFL_logo_santarosa.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_redding.jpg
 * Image:IWFL_logo_portland.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_oakland.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_cal.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_eugene.jpg
 * Image:IWFL_western.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_tampabay.png
 * Image:IWFL_logo_orlando.jpg
 * Image:IWFL_logo_atlanta.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_somaine.jpg
 * Image:IWFL_logo.gif
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 * Image:IWFL_logo_baystate.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_freedom.jpg

Image without rationales
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 * Image:IWFL_logo_ny.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_sacramento.gif
 * Image:IWFL_logo_sacramento.gif
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Replaceable fair use Image:Jaques_rogge.jpg
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Unspecified source for Image:1948_wolympics_logo.jpg
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Unspecified source for Image:1960_wolympics_logo.jpg
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Image:Trygve_Lie_Bio_Photo.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Lake placid 1932 logo.jpg
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NFL Player Infobox
What is the weight taken from? Present weight? Rookie Year weight? And what if they're retired? Is it the last weight? Leobold1 (talk) 20:15, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:IWFL logo ny.gif)
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FC Dinamo București

FC Dinamo București, commonly known as Dinamo București or simply Dinamo, is a Romanian professional football club based in Bucharest that competes in the Liga I.

Founded in 1948 as the team of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, following the merger of Unirea Tricolor and Ciocanul, Dinamo București has spent all but one year of its history in the top tier of the Romanian league system. Domestically, it is one of the two most successful teams in the country, having won 18 Liga I titles, 13 Cupa României, two Supercupa României, and one Cupa Ligii. In the 1983–84 season, Dinamo became the first club in Romania to reach the semi-finals of the European Cup, being eliminated by Liverpool 1–3 on aggregate.

Dinamo București's traditional home colours are white and red, while the current crest is a modified version of the one adopted in the 1998. Its home venue is the namesake Stadionul Dinamo, although significant matches have also been played at Arena Națională. The team temporarily plays its home fixtures at Stadionul Arcul de Triumf, as its home ground undergoes demolition. Its bitter rivals are neighbouring Steaua București, with the matches between the two being commonly referred to as "the Eternal Derby," while notable rivalries against Rapid București and Universitatea Craiova also exist.

1948–1955: Foundation and early years
On 14 May 1948, "Unirea Tricolor MAI" — newly entered, in January 1948, under the umbrella of the Communist regime's Internal Affairs Ministry — merged with "Ciocanul București" and formed "Dinamo București", the sporting club representing the above-mentioned institution. The people who contributed at the foundation of the club were the Minister of Internal Affairs, Teohari Georgescu and the Jewish brothers Alexandru and Turi Vogl. Until the end of the championship, Dinamo was going to be represented by two teams: "Ciocanul" ("Hammer"), named "Dinamo A" and "Unirea Tricolor MAI", known as "Dinamo B" (this last one relegating, at the end of the football season, into the Divizia B). Starting with 1950, Dinamo A was separated from Dinamo B, the latter being transferred first to Braşov, then to Cluj-Napoca, and eventually, in 1958, being moved to Bacău, where it became FCM Bacău.

The "Dinamo" name was used for the first time on 1 May 1948. Nevertheless, the real debut of Dinamo was on the 1947–48 Divizia A edition (finishing 8th). Some of the team's players were Ambru, Angelo Niculescu, Teodorescu, Șiclovan, Bartha, Sârbu. On 14 July 1948 Dinamo played its first international match against Zidnice (Czechoslovakia): 4 to 1 for the red-whites. 22 August will remain a reference date for Dinamo's football, representing the debut of Dinamo Bucharest in the first national Division. The pioneers were, among others, Titus Ozon, Lăzăreanu, Farkaș. The team's first coach was Coloman Braun-Bogdan. At the end of the '48–'49 edition, Angelo Niculescu retires, dedicating himself to the coaching career rewarded later with great victories with Dinamo and with the national team. In 1950, new football players arrived at Dinamo: Nicolae Dumitru, Băcuț I.

In 1955, Dinamo won their first championship. With Angelo Niculescu as head coach, Dinamo impressed mainly in the offensive, with an attack formed by Ene I, Neagu and Suru. The defense, with players like Băcuț I, Băcuț II, Szökő, Călinoiu, was the best in the championship – only 19 goals received.

In the fall of 1956, the team make its debut in the European Champion Clubs' Cup (competition created a year before). Dinamo was the first Romanian team to play in the European competitions. The debut game was played on 26 August 1956, in front of 32,000 spectators. Dinamo defeated Galatasaray with 3–1. In the second leg, Dinamo lost in Istanbul with 1–2, and moved forward.

1950–1981: European successes
Dinamo won the second championship in 1962, with players like Datcu, Ștefan, Unguroiu (head coaches were Nicușor Dumitru și Nedelescu). In 1963, Dinamo won their third title. The team brought in that season Pârcălab, Gergely (Tr. Ionescu – Nicușor Dumitru were the head coaches). Dinamo won also the Romanian Cup in 1964, 5–3 against their biggest rival Steaua. Dinamo played in the European Cup against the famous Real Madrid (1–3 in București), a team with Di Stefano and Gento. The game played in Bucharest took place at "23 August" Stadium, and established a new record for this arena: 100,000 spectators. In the fall of 1964, in the European Cup, Dinamo met another famous team – Inter Milan – with Facchetti, Picchi, Jair, Mazzolla, Corso and Suarez. Dinamo lost both legs, 0–6 and 0–1. In 1965, Dinamo won another championship and brought new players, Mircea Lucescu and Grozea. The following season of the European Cup, Dinamo met again Inter Milano, and managed to win the home game, 2–1. Inter won at Milano 2–0 and moved forward.

The 6th title: in 1971. In CCE, Dinamo eliminates Spartak Trnava, the team of Dobias, Kuna and Adamec. A new player: Florea Dumitrache. What follows is a double win against Israel's and Van Hanegem's Feyenoord: 0–3 and 0–2. The 7th title comes two years later, in 1973, when Dinamo won a game against CFR Cluj at the exact margins to pass Universitatea Craiova in the standings. In CCE, they surpass Northern Ireland's Crusaders Belfast ( The 11–0 home game against Northern Ireland's team is still the biggest margin of victory in the history of the European Cup ), but fail against Atlético Madrid (0–2 and 2–2), the team of Capon, Irueta, Heredia and Ayala. The next year Dinamo plays in the UEFA Cup and after the eliminating Bolospur, fails in the confrontation with F.C. Koln: 1–1 and 2–3!

The 8th big success was going to come in 1975, year when Dudu Georgescu receives "the golden boot" (with 32 goals). In '76 in the UEFA Cup Dinamo plays against another "sacred monster" – AC Milan – with Fabio Capello and Collovatti on its side: 0–0 and 1–2. The 1976–1977 first season brings the 9th title and a new golden boot for Dudu Georgescu (47 goals). In the autumn of '77 in the CCE, Dinamo wins a thrilling game against Atlético Madrid 2–1, but loses at Madrid, 2–0.

In the second round of the UEFA Cup (after eliminating Alki Larnaca from Cyprus) Dinamo is eliminated by Eintracht Frankfurt, team of Pezzey, Grabowsky and Holzenbein (2–0 and 0–3 in prolongation).

1981–1992: Golden team
The 1981–82 UEFA Cup season brings some great wins for Dinamo. The red-whites meet Levski Sofia, team of Sirakov and Iskrenov (3–0 and 1–2). In the second round, a terrifying "double": Dinamo-Internazionale (with Bergomi, Bagni, Prohaska, Altobelli, Baresi, Oriali, Marini and Beccalossi). At Milan, 1–1 (authors: Pasinato and Custov) and back home in Bucharest, 3–2 for the "dogs", in the extra time. Dinamo is eliminated by the Swedish team IFK Göteborg, which later ends up winning the trophy.

The 10th national title will be obtained in 1982, when Dinamo also conquers the Cup after a 3–2 victory against Baia Mare. After a 5-year absence, Dinamo reappears in the European Champions Cup, meeting (and eliminating) Vaaleregen Oslo. In the next stage, Dinamo had to confront a difficult opponent: the team of Vizek and Nehoda, Dukla Prague. They win at home, with 2–0, obtaining the qualification at Prague: 1–2. Dinamo is eliminated by Aston Villa, club of Bremmer, Cowans, Withe, Shaw and Morley. The 11th title come one year later, in 1983. The 1983–1984 season began with the retirement of Cornel Dinu, winner of 6 national titles and 6 national cups, with 454 caps in the first league and 75 in the national team. Still the same year Dinamo wins the 12th title. The autumn of 1983–84 was going to represent a valuable step into the international arena. The "European Champions Cup campaign" started with the Finnish team, Kuusysi Lahti (1–0 and 3–0). The second round pushes Dinamo against the current champion, Hamburger SV – team of Stein, Kalz and Magath. At Bucharest, Augustin, Mulțescu and Orac score for 3–0. The thrilling second leg finishes 3–2 (goals Țălnar and Mulțescu). In order to accede in the semifinals of CCE, Dinamo had to defeat another top team: Dinamo Minsk, with Aleinikov, Zigmanatovici and Gurinovici. The first leg was 1–1 (Rednic equalizing in the 87th minute), and it was followed by a 1–0 victory at Bucharest (with Augustin scoring). Dinamo was the first Romanian team to reach the European Champions Cup semi-finals, where it met Liverpool. Dinamo lost 1–0 at Anfield in the first leg match where Graeme Souness had punched captain Lica Movila which had set up a tough match back in Romania. In the second-leg Bucharest lost 2–1 to Liverpool who went on to win the competition. In the first round of the next European Champions Cup, in the autumn of `84, Dinamo meets Omonia Nicosia: 4–1 and 1–2. Next is the match against Girondins Bordeaux (club of Tigana, Giresse, Lacombe and Battiston), Dinamo being eliminated after 0–1 and 1–1. In 1986, Dinamo won the Cup against Steaua (1–0). After an 18-year break, Dinamo played again in the Cup Winners Cup in the autumn of 1986. The 1986–87 season brought the 'golden boot' for Cămătaru (44 goals). They also lost against the Albanian team 17 Nentori Tirana. The 1988 Romanian cup final was a special one. After Steaua players left the field at the score of 1–1 due to a claim of being robbed by the referee, Dinamo was given the trophy, but later the Romanian F.A. (bowing to pressure from the Communist Party) awarded the match 2–1 to Steaua. After the revolution of December 1989, Steaua propositioned to return the trophy to Dinamo, which refused to take it. In the 1988–89 Cup Winners Cup season, Dinamo again eliminated the Finnish team Lahti, managing to win 3–0. Next is the elimination of Scottish club Dundee United: 1–0 and 1–1 at Bucharest. However, they fail to qualify for the semifinals after losing on away goals, 1–1 and 0–0 against Sampdoria Genova.

The Cup Winners Cup 1989–90 season brings new success. Dinamo meets Albanian team, Dinamo Tirana 0–1 and 2–0. Next is the Greek champion, Panathinaikos 2–0 and 6–1. In the quarter-finals they meet Partizan Belgrade (with Mijatovici on the field) eliminating them with 2–1 and 2–0. After six years of break, Dinamo plays a new continental semifinal this time against Anderlecht Bruxelles, losing twice with 1–0. In the summer of 1990, Dinamo – with Mircea Lucescu as coach – conquers a new national title, the 13th. Also the team wins the Cup final, against Steaua: 6–4. The new CCE season begins with the elimination of Irish team St Patrick's Athletic Dublin (4–0 and 1–1). Dinamo is eliminated in the second round by FC Porto. The 1991–92 UEFA Cup Edition faces Dinamo against Figo's Sporting Clube de Portugal, qualifying after a 0–1 loss and a 2–0 victory. The next round Dinamo is eliminated by Genoa 1893: 1–3 and 2–2. In 1992, the 14th title was added to Dinamo's record. It was a triumphal march, with 34 matches and no defeat.

1992–2013: Ups and downs
The years to come saw Dinamo in the UEFA Cup. However, without any special results, the team leaves the competition in the first qualification round, in 1993–1994 losing to Cagliari, in 1994–95 losing to Trabzonspor, and in 1996 losing to Levski Sofia. Among the new players that play for Dinamo are: Catalin Hildan, Florentin Petre, Cosmin Contra. Alongside the famous goalkeeper Florin Prunea appear Mihalcea and Kiriță. With this new team, in the 1998–1999 season Dinamo plays arguably the best football in Romania, though the team loses the title to Rapid București. Dinamo ended the dark era of the mid-1990s this way once they started to fight for the title this year, only having to wait one more year to win it with no contender. Dinamo played next season in the UEFA Cup beating Benfica 1–0 on Estádio da Luz, then losing a suspected game on Lia Manoliu 2–0. Dinamo won the title in the 1999–2000 with Adrian Mutu playing for them but lost to Polonia Warszawa in the second qualification round of the UEFA Champions League 1999–00 mostly because they sold most of the players in the Summer Mercato. This affected their next season, when they lost the title to Steaua Bucharest. In 2001–02 Dinamo won the title again after a tight championship run. Dinamo managed to win the title in the last game of the season just in front of FC National. In Europe, Dinamo played in the 2001–02 UEFA Cup eliminating Dinamo Tirana in the Qualifying round but lost in the 1st round to Grasshopper Club Zurich. In the 2002–03 season Dinamo was affected again by the players who left the team, with it becoming a tradition for the leaders of the club to sell players after winning a title, losing the games in the UEFA Champions League and having a hard time in Divizia A. Dinamo changed a lot of managers and lost 7 consecutive games. After Ioan Andone came to the team, Dinamo played a spectacular semifinal with Astra Ploiesti. After losing 2–1 in Ploiesti in the middle of the crisis the team beat Astra in Bucharest 3–1 after extra time. They then went on to win the Romanian Cup, after beating FC National in the final 1–0 on a goal scored by Iulian Tames.

After building up a team again in 2003–04, they eliminated Shakhtar Donetsk in the first round of the UEFA Cup 2003–04 season. They went on to lose to Spartak Moscow in the second round. In the Romanian League Dinamo won the title by defeating FCSB in a close battle. They also won the Romanian Cup after a 2–0 win over Oţelul Galaţi at Cotroceni.

For the 2004–05 season Dinamo played a thrilling game vs. Manchester United in Bucharest, at the National Stadium, in the third qualification round of the UEFA Champions League, but lost 1–2. This game was significant because it showed a lot of progress from the last attempts to qualify for the group phase of the Champions League. The 2nd leg was lost at Old Trafford 3–0.

A highlight in recent times came in the UEFA Cup 2005-06 season when Dinamo thrashed Premier League team Everton 5–1. Dinamo went on to win the tie 5–2. Also, they managed to beat CSKA Moscow (Cup Holders) 1–0 but they missed the European Spring due to a couple of close games lost in the last few seconds. The most controversial was played at Stade Vélodrome, where Dinamo lost 2–1 against Olympique de Marseille although Octavian Chihaia scored the equalizer in the dying seconds, but the referee didn't validate the goal because he was turn towards the center of the field, preparing to end the game.

In the 2006–07 season they did qualify for the European Spring where they were eliminated by Benfica after a 0–1 loss at Da Luz and a 1–2 loss at home. Domestically, the team crushed most of its opponents in the first 19 rounds, ending up autumn champions, 13 points ahead of second place and then they secured their 18th title with four rounds to spare. The Romanian champions could have qualified directly to the Champions League group stage for the 2007–08 season, if Manchester United or Chelsea would have won the competition in the 2006–07 season. But AC Milan became champions, and Dinamo had to play a preliminary round before the group phase.

Dinamo failed again to enter the Champions League group phase, being eliminated in the third qualifying round by Lazio Roma. After four manager changes, Dinamo finished the 2007–08 season on the 4th spot in Liga I. In the summer of 2008, Mircea Rednic returned as coach having the mission to win the title and qualify Dinamo to the Champions League, but after the team finished the first part of the season as leader, they failed at the finish line and ended only third.

In the 2009–10 season, Dinamo played in the playoff for Europa League against Czech football club FC Slovan Liberec. In the first leg the supporters invaded the pitch causing the match to be abandoned in the 88th minute when the score was 2–0 for Slovan. The UEFA Control and Disciplinary Body awarded a default 0–3 defeat against Dinamo. One week later in Liberec Dinamo managed a memorable comeback and qualified in the Europa League 2009–10 group stage after winning 3–0 in Liberec after 90 and 120 minutes and winning 9–8 at penalties after 10 series. The domestic season was yet another unsuccessful one, finishing 6th in the championships.

Dinamo finished 6th in the 2010–11 season and qualified for the Cup finals against FCSB, but lost due to an own goal. For the 2011–12 season, club started with a new coach, ex-Dinamo player Liviu Ciobotariu.

After a disappointing defeat against Vorskla Poltava in the Europa League Play-Off, Dinamo is leading the Romanian Championship after 10 rounds with the best offense and defense in the championship despite selling Gabriel Torje to the Italian team Udinese with only Dorel Stoica and Srdjan Luchin completing the squad for the new season.

At the end of the autumn season, Dinamo was leading the table by one point ahead of CFR Cluj and started the spring one with a 2–0 win against Gaz Metan Mediaș in the first ever game played by the Red Dogs on the Național Arena in front of a season record of 20,000 spectators that filled the first tier of the brand new stadium. Even in this circumstances, the team had a very disappointing spring run in the league and finished 5th, with 62 points in 34 matches. Still, Dinamo managed to win 2 trophies, the Romanian Cup, in a final against Rapid, qualifying in the process for the Europa League Play-off and the Romanian Super Cup against CFR Cluj.

2013–2017: Changing of ownership and insolvency
In March 2013, businessman Ionuț Negoiță bought the club from Nicolae Badea. The 2012–13 season ended with the same team as before the changing of the ownership, but after the season, Negoiță started his moves. He appointed former Dinamo glory Gheorghe Mulțescu as head coach, bought a new president, Constantin Anghelache and a new boss for the youth academy, Gabi Răduță. Things didn't work as hoped and in September 2013, Mulțescu was sacked. The decision came because Dinamo won only nine points in the first eight rounds of the Liga I season. Mulțescu's replacement was Flavius Stoican who was promoted from the second team. With Stoican at helm, Dinamo started to climb and in March 2014, the team was close to the podium. They finished the season on the fourth spot and reached the semifinals of the Romanian Cup, where they were ousted by FCSB.

In May 2014, Ionuț Negoiță announced that the club began the procedures to enter the insolvency. The Bucharest Court accepted the request in June 2014. Thus, the Licence Committee from the Romanian Federation decided to withdraw Dinamo's rights to enter the Europa League. On 24 September 2015, the Bucharest Municipal Court ruled that Dinamo met the criteria to end the insolvency process. But the club wasn't able to enter the European competitions, thus, despite ending the season on the 4th position, Dinamo didn't participate in the Europa League. In the 2016–17 Liga I season, Dinamo finished third in the play-off and qualified for the Europa League. In the 2017–18 UEFA Europa League season, Dinamo met the Spanish club Athletic Bilbao, in the third qualifying round. The first match, in Bucharest, ended 1-1, with the Brazilian Rivaldinho scoring for Dinamo. But Athletic won the second match 3-0 and Dinamo was eliminated. The following two seasons in Liga I, Dinamo failed to qualify for the play-off and missed the European cups.

2017–present: Troubled times
Dinamo failed to reach the play-off for three seasons in a row, between 2018 and 2020 and every season ended in a lower position than before. After the ninth place in 2019, Dinamo entered the battle against relegation in the 2019–20 Liga I season. The owner, Ionuț Negoiță, wanted to sell the club, but nobody came with a serious proposal and the fans association bought 20% of the club's shares. Adrian Mihalcea was named head-coach in March 2020, but made his debut in June, after the lockdown due to the COVID-19. Mihalcea began his tenure with four losses in the first four games in charge and Dinamo reached bottom in the championship. On 5 July, Dinamo won against Academica Clinceni and hauled themselves off the bottom position but stayed in the relegation zone. The next game ended in a draw, at home, against Politehnica Iași. Thus, Mihalcea was sacked, after only seven games in charge. Gheorghe Mulțescu came back as Dinamo's head coach, for the fourth time.

On 6 August, the Liga I season was frozen and Dinamo didn't play all its postponed games, finishing the season in 13th place. But the club was spared from relegation after the Romanian Federation decided to increase the number of teams in Liga I from 14 to 16. Thus, only the 14th place played a relegation/promotion play-off against the third place in Liga II.

On 13 August 2020, the club was purchased by Benel International SA, a Spanish company represented by Pablo Cortacero. Dinamo transferred several contract-free players with impressive resumes and big salaries. Cosmin Contra came as head coach and footballers like Borja Valle, Aleix Garcia, and Juan Camara arrived with salaries of up to 33,000 euros per month. But Dinamo had a poor start of the season and the new owner, Pablo Cortacero, did not transfer any money to the players for several months. Almost all the foreign players submitted their memoirs so that they could leave free. Dinamo was left with huge debts, of approximately 7 million euros, and at the beginning of the 2021–22 season, the club went into insolvency again. The 2021–22 season ended with a relegation to Liga II. Dinamo ended 14th the regular season and the play-out, then played the promotion/relegation play-off against Universitatea Cluj, third place in Liga II. U.Cluj won the first match, 2–0 at Cluj Arena. The second leg, at Dinamo stadium, ended 1–1. Thus, Dinamo Bucharest relegated for the first time in its history.

In March 2022, the businessman Dorin Șerdean became the majority shareholder of Dinamo after an agreement to take over the club from Pablo Cortacero. In February 2023, Şerdean accepted the offer received from the Red&White company to sell the club. The owners of Red&White are Andrei Nicolescu, who owns 60% of the company, and Eugen Voicu, who owns 40%. The administrator of Red&White is Eugen Voicu. During the promotion play-off, Dinamo defeated Argeș Pitești with a whopping 6–1, before they lost 4–2 in the second leg, a record breaking play-off with loads of goals, 8–5 in aggregate, which took Dinamo back to the Liga I after just one season of staying in Liga II.

Crest and colours
Dinamo's colours are red and white. The current crest includes the profile of two red dogs and also a gold star above them, representing the club's tenth league title.

Stadium

Dinamo plays its home games at Stadionul Dinamo. The current Dinamo Stadium was inaugurated on 14 October 1951. The first match: Dinamo-Locomotiva Timişoara 1–0. The stadium capacity was planned at 16,000, but the installation of seats decreased it to 15,032. The stadium is part of a larger complex which contains a smaller stadium, Stadionul Florea Dumitrache, where the second team, Dinamo II, would play its matches. It is currently used by CS Dinamo București rugby team. There is also a sports hall and a swimming pool.

The stadium is referred to as "Groapa" (The Pit), as it was dug rather than raising stands. The North stand is named Peluza Cătălin Hîldan, in the honor of a former Dinamo player who died in 2000 at the age of 24.

Dinamo plays significant matches, such as against rivals FCSB, at Arena Națională. From 2022 onward, the team plays its home matches at the newly built Stadionul Arcul de Triumf, as its traditional ground does not meet the requirements for first league games.

Support
Dinamo has an estimated 13% support in Romania, making them the second most supported Romanian club, after FCSB. The largest concentration of fans is in Bucharest, mainly in the northeast and central areas of the city. The club also has important fan bases on other parts of the country and where significant bases of Romanians are found.

The roots of the Dinamo ultras (fans) movement can be found in 1995 when groups like Dracula and Rams Pantelimon appeared in the North End. In 1996 a group called Nuova Guardia was formed, and became the leading group in the stadium and later on in the entire Romanian ultras movement. Following the death of the former captain, Cătălin Hîldan, in 2000, the fans renamed the North End of Dinamo's stadium to Peluza Catalin Hîldan (PCH Stand) in his honor. The majority of supporters are located in the PCH, but several factions have moved to the South End.

Rivalries & Friendships
Dinamo's significant rivalry is with FCSB, with matches between them dubbed the Eternal derby. Both clubs have had the most popularity in Romania with as strong reactions from its respective fans in clashes in the stadium during games and elsewhere. In 1997, Dinamo's fans set a sector of the Stadionul Ghencea on fire. On 16 August 2016, during FCSB's UEFA Champions League 0–5 play-off loss against Manchester City, Dinamo fans unveiled a banner that read Doar Dinamo București ("Only Dinamo Bucharest").

The club's second most important rivalry is against Rapid București. In the 1990s, there was fierce competition between the two in winning the championship title.

Another rivalry is held against Universitatea Craiova; both finished with the same number of points in the 1972–73 Divizia A, but Dinamo was given the title because of their superior goal difference. A conflict has existed ever since. Other smaller rivalries exist, such as the one against Petrolul Ploiești.

Dinamo's fans have a good friendship with Universitatea Cluj's fans. The friendship started in the mid-1990s, both ultras groups being linked with "the mentality, fanaticism and nationalist side" and the common hate for FCSB. Dinamo have unofficial friendship with Crvena Zvezda, famous Serbian club. Friendship between this two clubs, are based on Orthodox Christianity same religion.

Youth program
Dinamo has an important infrastructure for training professionalism in the sport and developing interest in the youth area. The youth center organises a system based on nine age groups between nine and 18 years. Dinamo has around 180 juniors.

All the groups play in the competitions organised by the Bucharest Football Association and in those created by the Romanian Federation. Youths around 16–18 years old are promoted to the second team, Dinamo II.

The youth center has its base in the Dinamo Sports Center, where they have eight dressing rooms for the players, one for the coaches, one for the referees, a medical center and a store room for the equipment. Also, the center has many training grounds, among them the Piți Varga field.

Leagues

 * Liga I
 * Winners (18): 1955, 1961–62, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1970–71, 1972–73, 1974–75, 1976–77, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1989–90, 1991–92, 1999–2000, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2006–07
 * Runners-up (20): 1951, 1952, 1953, 1956, 1958–59, 1960–61, 1966–67, 1968–69, 1973–74, 1975–76, 1978–79, 1980–81, 1984–85, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1992–93, 1998–99, 2000–01, 2004–05

Cups

 * Cupa României
 * Winners (13): 1958–59, 1963–64, 1967–68, 1981–82, 1983–84, 1985–86, 1989–90, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2011–12
 * Runners-up (10): 1954, 1968–69, 1969–70, 1970–71, 1986–87, 1987–88,  1988–89, 2001–02, 2010–11, 2015–16
 * Cupa Ligii
 * Winners (1): 2016–17
 * Supercupa României
 * Winners (2): 2005, 2012
 * Runners-up (4): 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007

Continental

 * European Cup
 * Semi-finalists (1): 1983–84
 * Cup Winners' Cup
 * Semi-finalists (1): 1989–90

Board of directors

 * Last updated: 21 January 2024
 * Source: Board of directors

Current technical staff

 * Last updated: 11 June 2024
 * Source: Technical staff

European cups all-time statistics
Updated 3 August 2017.

Records in the league: Records in the European competition:
 * Consecutive winning games: 17 games (12 June 1988 – 27 November 1988)
 * Best unbeaten run: 47 games (26 May 1991 – 20 September 1992)
 * Player with most appearances: 🇷🇴 Cornel Dinu (454)
 * Top scorer: 🇷🇴 Dudu Georgescu (207)
 * Player with most appearances in international games: 🇷🇴 Claudiu Niculescu (43)
 * Top scorer in international games: 🇷🇴 Claudiu Niculescu (18)

 * Biggest home win: Dinamo 11–0 Crusaders F.C. (1973–74) (still the biggest margin of victory in the history of the European Cup)
 * Biggest away win: 🇨🇾 Alki Larnaca F.C. 0–9 Dinamo (1979–80)
 * Heaviest home defeat: Dinamo 0–3 🇳🇱 Feyenoord (1971–72), Dinamo 0–3 🇹🇷 Galatasaray (2009–10)
 * Heaviest away defeat: 🇧🇬 PFC CSKA Sofia 8–1 Dinamo (1956–57)

Notable former players
Dinamo's record appearance-maker is Cornel Dinu, who made 454 appearances between 1966 and 1983. Ionel Dănciulescu has made the second most appearances with 355.

Notable former coaches
Nicolae Dumitru is the most successful head coach in Dinamo's history, with five league titles and two Romanian Cups. Ioan Andone won five trophies for Dinamo, winning one title in Liga I, three Romanian Cups and one Supercup.

title: FC Dinamo București


text:
Talk:Lisbon metropolitan area

Azambuja belongs to Lisbon district.

Thanks. It has been corrected.

But also belongs to greater lisbon, i only want to move it from setubal do lisbon.

It was already corrected.

External links modified
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External links modified
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GDP per capita
The region's GDP per capita is wrong. It's around 25,000€, not 35,000€. You can tell just by dividing the total GDP on the article by the region's population. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jvrlns (talk • contribs) 19:28, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lisbon metropolitan area


text:
Institutional pedagogy

Institutional pedagogy is a practice of education that is centered on two factors: 1. the complexity of the learner, and the "unconscious" that the educator brings to the classroom. This unconscious is another name for the diversity of social, economic, cultural and other unspoken elements that an educator interacts with in an institutional setting; and 2. the role of the institution in the process of intervening in both those psycho-social factors and in what is known by a student.

But even more than this, as conceived by its founder, Fernand Oury, Institutional Pedagogy is a constant calling into question of the institutional context itself. Thus the classroom is never a presupposed and static setting. The movement of Institutional Pedagody is thus in direct opposition to the prevailing trends of education prior to the late 1960s, almost all of which tended to homogenize socio-cultural differences amongst learners, psycho-social factors in learning and most important the presence of the "unconscious" in the classroom itself.

Thus the use of 'institution' in Institutional Pedagogy is broader than in its more colloquial sense. To Oury the institution could be defined as: "the places, moments, status of each according to his/her level of performance, that is to say according to his/her potentialities, the functions (services, posts, responsibilities), roles (president, secretary), diverse meetings (team captains, different levels of classes, etc.), and the rituals that maintain their efficacy."

title: Institutional pedagogy


text: Category:Danish writers

title: Category:Danish writers


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Chris Tomlinson

Christopher George Tomlinson (born 15 September 1981) is a retired English long jumper. He is the former British long jump record holder and competed at the Olympics of 2004, 2008 and 2012.

Career
Born in Middlesbrough, Tomlinson began competing for Middlesbrough AC (formerly Mandale Harriers) at the age of 10, mostly over 100m and 200m. He attended Nunthorpe Secondary School, where he still holds many of its year group records for triple and long jump, before attending Prior Pursglove College in Guisborough. In his early teens Chris decided to concentrate on long jump. His major breakthrough came in 2002 when, just three months after breaking both wrists in a freak weight-training accident, he jumped 8.27 m to break the British record that had been held by Lynn Davies for 34 years. On 7 July 2007 he increased his record by a further 2 cm, jumping 8.29 m while competing in Bad Langensalza in Germany.

Tomlinson competed for athletics club Newham and Essex Beagles for some time.

He has won seven national titles in various age groups, including one for the triple jump indoors for under 20s in 2000.

In February 2008 he became the world's top long jumper of the year so far with a leap of 8.18m. He won the silver medal at the 2008 World Indoor Championships. He competed at the 2008 Olympic Games without reaching the final. On 20 August 2009, his record was broken by 1 cm by Greg Rutherford in the qualifying for the World Championships long jump final. Both Rutherford and Tomlinson progressed to the final.

Tomlinson regained the British record in July 2011 with a jump of 8.35 m in Paris. Rutherford equalled this distance on 3 May 2012, before surpassing it in 2014.

Tomlinson was conferred with an Honorary doctorate by the University of East London in 2010.

Achievements
Note: Results with a q, indicate overall position in qualifying round

Personal bests

 * All information taken from IAAF profile and power of 10 profile.

title: Chris Tomlinson


text:
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee

The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) is the Democratic Hill committee for the United States House of Representatives, working to elect Democrats to that body. The DCCC recruits candidates, raises funds and organizes races in districts expected to yield politically notable or close elections. The committee consists of the Chairperson (who according to Democratic Caucus rules is a fellow member of the caucus appointed by the party leader in the House), their staff, and other Democratic members of Congress in various executive roles.

The Chairperson of the DCCC is the sixth-ranking position among House Democrats, after the Speaker, the Majority Leader, the Majority Whip, the House Assistant Democratic Leader, and the Democratic Caucus Chairperson. The current chair is Suzan DelBene of Washington, who assumed the position in 2023.

History
The DCCC was created in 1866 as the Democratic National Congressional Committee. Due to the reform of campaign finance legislation in 2004, the DCCC divides its activities among two organizations prior to Election Day:

 * 1) One organization (the "Coordinated" campaign) continues to work on congressional campaigns, offering relevant campaign advice.
 * 2) The other organization (the "Independent Expenditure" campaign), makes independent expenditures in congressional districts on behalf of the campaigns but is not allowed to coordinate activities with the campaigns.

In recent elections, the DCCC has played an expansive role in supporting Democratic candidates with independently produced television ads and mail pieces.

Rahm Emanuel assumed the position of DCCC committee chair after the death of the previous chair, Bob Matsui, at the end of the 2004 election cycle. Emanuel led the Democratic Party's successful effort to capture the majority in the House of Representatives in the 2006 elections. After Emanuel's election as chair of the Democratic Caucus, Chris Van Hollen became committee chair for the 110th Congress and the 2008 elections. He continued through the 2010 elections. Steve Israel served as chair for the 2012 and 2014 election cycles. For the 2016 election cycle, Democratic Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi appointed congressman Ben Ray Luján to serve as the committee's chair. Luján was selected to serve again for the 2018 election cycle.

For the 2020 and 2022 election cycles, DCCC chairs were elected by the caucus, rather than selected by the party leader. After the 2022 election cycle, the Democratic caucus voted to return to having the position be appointed by the leader.

In 2022, workers at the DCCC announced they were forming a union affiliated with the Teamsters. Their union was immediately voluntarily recognized.

Consultant blacklist
After Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez won her upset congressional victory over Joe Crowley, the DCCC implemented a policy blacklisting consultants who worked for primary opponents of Democratic Party incumbents. Highly unpopular among progressives, the organization rolled back the policy in 2021.

Primary preferences
In the 2018 election cycle, the DCCC released negative information about candidate Laura Moser, who ran for US Congress in Texas' 7th congressional district. The move backfired, as Moser gained donations and support en route to making the runoff before falling short against Lizzie Fletcher. A month after the attack on Moser, the DCCC showed preference in another Texas primary, supporting Colin Allred. The decisions were two among many similar choices made by the organization throughout its history. Similar criticism carried into the next election cycle, prompting Progressive Caucus member Ro Khanna to say:

"This unprecedented grab of power is a slap in the face of Democratic voters across the nation. It's something even Rahm Emanuel would not have done and is totally tone-deaf to the grassroots activists across our nation. Voters are sick of the status quo holding on to power and stifling new voices. They are sick of D.C. politicians who care more about holding on to power than a true competition of ideas."

Russian hacking
In July 2016, the DCCC said it was hacked. Subsequently, a person described as a hacker and known as "Guccifer 2.0" (Russian Main Intelligence Directorate persona) reportedly released documents and information that were obtained from the cyberattack on the DCCC.

Supporting election denier opponents
In the 2022 primary cycle, the DCCC assisted Republican candidates that supported the claim that the 2020 election was stolen from Donald Trump. This assistance took the form of attack ads aired during Republican primaries, the content of which ostensibly decried the further-right candidate's election denialism and other views described as "dangerous", with the aim of making that candidate more appealing to Republican primary voters. It was hoped that those more extreme Republican candidates would be more vulnerable to defeat in the subsequent general election. For instance, in Michigan, they aired ads supposedly against John Gibbs, a far-right challenger to incumbent Peter Meijer, who had voted to impeach Donald Trump in the second impeachment. Gibbs ultimately lost in the general election to Democratic candidate Hillary Scholten.