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Zhou (administrative division)

Zhou were historical administrative and political divisions of China. Formally established during the Han dynasty, zhou existed continuously for over 2000 years. Zhou were also once used in Korea (주, ju), Vietnam (châu) and Japan.

Overview
Zhou is typically rendered by several terms in the English language:

 * The large zhou before the Tang dynasty and in countries other than China are called "provinces"
 * The smaller zhou during and after the Tang dynasty are called "prefectures"
 * The zhou of the Qing dynasty are also called either "independent" or "dependent departments", depending on their level.

The Tang dynasty also established fǔ (府, "prefectures"), zhou of special importance such as capitals and other major cities. By the Ming and Qing, became predominant divisions within Chinese provinces. In Ming and Qing, the word fǔ (府) was typically attached to the name of each prefecture's capital city, thus both Chinese and Western maps and geographical works would often call the respective cities Hangzhou-fu, Wenzhou-fu, Wuchang-fu, etc.

After the Meiji Restoration, fu was also used in Japanese for the urban prefectures of the most important cities; today, it is still used in the Japanese names for the Osaka and Kyoto Prefectures.

In the People's Republic of China, zhou today exists only in the designation "autonomous prefecture", administrative areas for China's designated minorities. However, zhou have left a huge mark on Chinese place names, including the province of Guizhou and the major cities of Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Lanzhou, and Suzhou, among many others. Likewise, although modern Korean, Vietnamese, and Japanese provinces are no longer designated by zhou cognates, the older terms survive in various place names, notably the Japanese islands of Honshu and Kyushu, the Korean province Jeju-do, and Lai Châu in Vietnam.

History
Zhou were first mentioned in ancient Chinese texts, notably the Yu Gong or Tribute of Yu, section of the Book of Documents. All agreed on the division of China into nine zhou, though they differed on their names and position. These zhou were geographical concepts, not administrative entities.

The Han dynasty was the first to formalize the zhou into actual administrative divisions by establishing 13 zhou all across China. Because these zhou were the largest divisions of the China at the time, they are usually translated as "provinces". After the Han dynasty, however, the number of zhou began to increase. By the time of the Sui dynasty, there were over a hundred zhou all across China.

The Sui and Tang dynasties merged zhou with the next level down, the commanderies or. The Tang also added another level on top: the circuit or. Henceforth, zhou were lowered to second-level status, and the word becomes translated into English as "prefecture". Thereafter, zhou continued to survive as second- or third-level political divisions until the Qing dynasty.

The People's Republic of China recycled the name, using it to refer to the autonomous prefectures granted to various ethnicities.

title: Zhou (administrative division)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bishop Dennis J. O'Connol High School

Sole content of "article" is "Bishop Dennis J. O'Connol High School is a Catholic High school in Arlington, Virginia." Postdlf 10:09, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Same anon as the grade school below.  Probably someone new to Wikipedia.  Hate to open his or her eyes with a VfD loss, but delete for lack of notability.  Geogre 12:13, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Have moved it to Bishop Dennis J. O'Connell High School since that is the correct spelling. Feel free to delete the old redirect, but I am quite shure that this school has been and is very notable to all the people attending it and working there, and therefore vote to keep the moved one. --Dittaeva 20:05, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Considering the paltry history given at the school's own website, I don't think there's really anything that could be said about this school other than the fact that it exists. Postdlf 20:08, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. The high school I attended (which had more students) is of note to me - should I start an article for it, too? Aranel 21:09, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Sure, if you want to. I sure wouldn't mind an aritcle on the High school I attended. --Dittaeva 21:12, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * keep—is this more or less notable than any random London railway station?—Rory ☺ 22:21, Aug 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, because I believe in deletion of non-notable high schools. See User:Dpbsmith/schools. However, discussants should be aware that there is no consensus on this issue and should at least glance at What's in, what's out: Secondary institutions if they are not familiar with it already. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 00:46, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Article provides almost no information not in title. -- Cyrius|✎ 07:02, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. This seems less notable than those London railway stations that have articles. One could make a similar list of every high school in the US and that would be a reasonable list article. But as with the London railway station article, one would expect most of the links to be empty and to remain empty. Jallan 13:44, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * I think railway stations are more notable, actually—I live in Arlington County, and like the rest of its residents, I'm very aware of every Metro station, but never having gone to this school and not being an Arlington County school administrator, I've never heard of it. Postdlf 01:52, 21 Aug 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Talk:PHPEdit

For an August 2004 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/PHPEdit

In it's current form, this page is totally unacceptable to Wikipedia - heavily POV and nothing more than a set of features apparently pulled from a piece of documentation.

It may well be that PHPEdit is a worthwhile piece of software ; however this article reads like an advert at the moment. If there are no significant improvements with the next 24 hours, I'll raise a Vote for Deletion.

title: Talk:PHPEdit


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Dobroyd Head

Dobroyd Head is a point or headland in the Northern Beaches local government area, in the suburb of Balgowlah Heights, New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Sydney Harbour National Park, which contains examples of ecosystems at risk such as coastal heath. Tania Park is located to the immediate north-east, and contains the 2MWM 90.3 transmitter. There is a lookout sited on the headland named after Arabanoo, the first Aboriginal man to live among European settlers who was captured in Manly Cove in 1788.

History
In January 1788 Captain Arthur Phillip noted Aboriginal people living in caves at what is now Wellings Reserve, Balgowlah Heights, and there are a number of Aboriginal sites recorded in the area, including a midden at Reef Beach, which was partly eroded by a storm in May 1974, when human remains were exposed. What is now Dobroyd Head was originally named "Dobroyd Point" (which is now the name of a locality in Haberfield in the Inner West) by Simeon Lord (1771–1840), a landowner in the district in the early 19th century. Dobroyd Castle, its namesake, was the home of his mother, Ann Fielden, prior to her marriage in 1764. On his death in 1840, he gifted the land to the Crown, with a stipulation that the name must be kept.

In 1871, the Secretary for Lands, Bowie Wilson, set aside the area of 100 hectares comprising the Dobroyd headland as a defence reserve, but excluded all privately owned lands, such as Reef Beach, Forty Baskets Beach, Grotto Point, Castle Rock and Clontarf. On 14 August 1874, prominent surveyor and hydrographer, Commander John Thomas Ewing Gowlland was drowned in an accident off the headland. In August 1963 the Manly, Warringah and Pittwater Historical Society unveiled a plaque at Dobroyd Head commemorating him. In 1914, the government steamer, SS Kate, was struck and sunk by the Manly ferry Bellubera off the headland. The Dobroyd Scenic Drive, funded by the council, was opened in 1938 by Manly mayor Percy Nolan. Between 1923 and 1963, various small cabins and shacks were built around Crater Cove on the headland, they were for use as weekenders and retreats and remained occupied until the 1980s.

Various subdivisions for the development of Balgowlah Heights occurred throughout the next 80 years until in 1959–1960, when Manly Council learned that land near Cutler Road and Tabalum Road was to be subdivided and objected to any development and sale of land below Cutler Road. This movement to preserve the lands of Dobroyd Head for public recreation was led by alderman Frank Preacher, and on 17 October 1960, Lands Minister Jack Renshaw met representatives of Manly Council on the site. Renshaw later approved the removal of these lands from the sale of land and transferred responsibility for its preservation to Manly council. In 1975, responsibilities changed again when the area was proclaimed as part of the Sydney Harbour National Park. A 2015 article in the Manly Daily later revealed that Manly Council had voted in June 1997 to erect a plaque to honour Renshaw, alderman Preacher and Manly Council's role in the preservation of the headland, but no action has since been taken to carry it out.

title: Dobroyd Head


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Saint Joseph's Catholic Grade School

Sole content of "article" is "Saint Joseph's is a Catholic Grade school in Herndon, Virginia. Children can attend grades kindergarten through eighth grade." Gee, sounds fascinating. Same anon author as the above nomination of a similarly notable high school in Arlington—his/her only contributions. Postdlf 10:16, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: I know that this got listed on VfD very soon after creation, and it's possible that the anon wants to come back to add more, but it's not notable, and I don't think it's going to be able to make a case for notability.  Geogre 12:11, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * No no no no no. We've lost the battle on high schools, but let's hold the line on lesser grades.  Delete.  RickK 20:46, Aug 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable. See User:Dpbsmith/schools and What's in, what's out. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 01:18, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. RedWolf 03:37, Aug 16, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - not an article. -- Cyrius|✎ 07:02, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not informative and from the little information supplied not notable. Jallan 13:48, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. --Dittaeva 10:26, 19 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. SWAdair | Talk  08:46, 20 Aug 2004 (UTC)


text:
List of Colombian films

This is a list of films produced in the Colombian cinema, ordered by year and decade of release.

title: List of Colombian films


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The Bat (novel)

The Bat (Flaggermusmannen, "Bat Man") is a 1997 crime novel by Norwegian writer Jo Nesbø, the first in the Harry Hole series.

Plot
Norwegian police officer Harry Hole is sent to Sydney, Australia to serve as an attaché for the Australian police's investigation into the murder of a young female Norwegian girl residing in Australia, Inger Holter. Her boyfriend, Evans White, is initially approached as a suspect. Hole is assisted by Aboriginal colleague Andrew Kensington; together they find out that they are dealing with a serial killer who strangles blonde women. Hole befriends a red haired Swede named Birgitta. As the story becomes more complex, Hole struggles to find the killer and falls deeper into alcoholism. There are more back stories about Harry's past and culture in Australia.

Translation status
This is the first of the Harry Hole novels, introducing the character, but it was very late in being translated to English. The British and American publishers chose to start by translating the later books, set in Oslo, and only after these became very popular came around to publishing the first book, set in Australia.

This order of publication caused an unintended spoiler, as Harry's reminiscences in a later book—published earlier in English—included the name and specific characteristics of the murderer in The Bat.

The second book, Cockroaches, set in Thailand, has been translated to English, fifteen years after being originally published in Norwegian, and was published in the UK in November 2013.

Critical notes
Kirkus Reviews states that "It’s an unusual debut since the very first page finds Harry clearing passport control in Sydney, half a world away from his native Oslo... Harry is already every bit as volcanic as in his later cases. The big difference is Australia, which Nesbø, seeing it through the eyes of both a tourist and a cultural pathologist, makes you wonder how much different it is from Norway after all."

Andy Hoban of Sunday Express gave a rating of 5/5 and noted "Nesbo’s principal characters are both credible and well-drawn and it is fantastic to see a younger Harry, a more loquacious Harry. The Bat explains some of what burdens and drives him in the later books. So for anyone new to Nesbo, you are in for a treat if you follow Harry’s career beginning with this book. For me, the biggest insult to Nesbo was to see him advertised as “the next Stieg Larsson” when in fact The Bat was written eight years before The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo. Still, now I can dig out the rest of the series and read them again, in order."

title: The Bat (novel)


text:
Harry Hole

Harry Hole (the surname pronounced as "HOO-leh"), who is also called "Harry Holy" by allies in the Australian police force, is the main character in a series of crime novels written by Norwegian author Jo Nesbø. The name is derived from Old Norse Hólar, the plural form of hóll, meaning "round and isolated hill." Harry's surname is also the name of a historic Norwegian town (Hole, Norway) with a heritage that goes back to the Viking Age.

In his stories, Hole is a brilliant, introverted, and obsessively driven detective. He has few friends and often clashes with colleagues, but his work and skill are so widely known and respected that he is considered a specialist, leading him to sometimes consult on cases in other cities and countries. Throughout the novels, he sometimes uses unorthodox and illegal methods in his investigations. A common focus of the novel series is Hole's struggles with alcoholism and depression, as well as how his mental health suffers as a result of his morally questionable actions and the brutal nature of the crimes he investigates. The novel series eventually shows Hole recognizing the harmful nature of his work and increasingly problematic behavior, prompting him to leave the police force. Despite this, later novels show Hole continually finding reason to return to Oslo and assist new criminal investigations, despite his own initial reluctance and the protests of his loved ones.

Critics liken the personality of Harry Hole to those of the famous literary detectives such as Sherlock Holmes, Hercule Poirot, Jules Maigret, and Nero Wolfe. According to Jo Nesbø himself, the character is inspired by and a tribute to Michael Connelly's character Harry Bosch. The novels are frequent bestsellers.

Character
Harry Hole is introduced in The Bat as a police officer with the Oslo Crime Squad. Born in 1965, Harry's mother, a descendant of the Sami people, dies due to cancer while he is in his twenties. Harry never has a close relationship with his father Olav, a former teacher, but is deeply attached to his younger sister Søs, who has Down syndrome. Taxi driver Øystein Eikeland is an old school friend of Harry's and one of the few people he is close to. Introverted and prone to depression, Hole is a chain-smoker alcoholic when first introduced, though he later recognizes his addiction and is considered a recovering alcoholic in later books. His encounters with assassins, corruption, and serial killers throughout the novels often strengthen his cynical views and his desire to escape reminds of his experiences and traumas.

Harry Hole's home address is in Sofies Gate in Bislett located in the author's own home city of Oslo. Many of the stories involve detailed background and descriptions of real locations such as the actual Oslo Police Department headquarters. Hole regularly interacts with city residents and immigrants from a variety of ethnic and social backgrounds. Many of the novels feature his favorite "watering hole," Restaurant Schrøder (Schrøder's, for short) in St. Hanshaugen.

Along with standard police training, Hole undertakes specialized training in interrogation techniques and firearms at the FBI. His problematic and often unsocial behavior, as well as his obsessive tendencies during investigations, brings him into repeated conflict with his superiors and some colleagues. Bjarne Møller, head of the Oslo Police Department, often shields Hole from being fired, believing he is a brilliant detective and vital to certain investigations. This repeated protection results in Harry feeling loyal and close to Møller. Other in the police department whom he comes to trust include as friends Beate Lønn and Bjørn Holm (both in the forensics division), Katrine Bratt (a Bergen detective who helps secure specialist information), and Gunnar Hagen (Harry's former senior officer prior to Phantom). Hole's skills become renowned enough that he is considered a specialist, leading him to be sought for occasional consultation by authorities in other cities and countries. In the first novel, The Bat, he travels to Sydney, Australia to aid the Australian police (who refer to him as "Harry Holy"). In the second novel, Cockroaches, he is called to Thailand to investigate the murder of the Norwegian ambassador.

Outside of the department, Hole develops a serious relationship with Rakel Fauke. Her son from a previous relationship, Oleg, comes to view Harry as a father figure, sometimes calling him "dad." After the seventh novel The Snowman, Harry's relationship with Rakel suffers. This, along with recent trauma, compels Hole to leave Oslo and the police force. The next novel The Leopard shows Harry living in self-imposed exile in Hong Kong. Kaja Solness, a new Norwegian Crime Squad officer, asks him to return to Oslo to help investigate a possible serial killing. Learning his father Olav is also ill and likely to soon die, Hole agrees to help and returns to Oslo. During the story, Olav asks his son to assist in his suicide in order to end his pain, but Harry cannot bring himself to do so. At the end of the book, Harry has a brief reunion with Rakel before then visiting the imprisoned killer of The Snowman. It is implied that Harry then aids in the criminal's own suicide. Disturbed by his recent experiences, Harry determines to return to Hong Kong for good.

The next book Phantom depicts Harry returning to Oslo yet again some time later, this time because Rakel's son Oleg has been arrested for murder. Harry finds out the truth behind the murder, but is then shot and the book ends without clarifying if he will survive or not. Harry is revealed to be alive and living again in Oslo in the tenth novel Police. Deciding his obsessive pursuit of criminals has cost him too much, he now lectures at the Police College and resumes a relationship with Rakel. A series of killings leads his former colleagues to seek him out for help. Following these events, Harry marries Rakel and legally adopts Oleg as his son. He promises he is done with police work, but finds himself drawn into another investigation in the following novel The Thirst.

Novels

 * In Flaggermusmannen (1997), translated as The Bat (2012), Hole is sent to Sydney, Australia, to aid the Australian police in their investigation of the murder of a Norwegian citizen.
 * In Kakerlakkene (1998), translated as Cockroaches (2013), Hole is sent to Thailand to investigate the murder of the Norwegian ambassador.
 * In Rødstrupe (2000), translated as The Redbreast (2006), Hole encounters Neo-Nazism and the legacy of World War II as he tracks an assassin planning an attack on a prominent member of the establishment.
 * In Sorgenfri (2002), translated as Nemesis (2008), Hole investigates a fatal bank robbery and is implicated in the apparent murder of an ex-girlfriend.
 * In Marekors (2003), translated as The Devil's Star (2005), Hole investigates a series of serial killings and suspects a fellow policeman of criminal activity. The popularity of this novel led to it being the first Harry Hole book to be translated into English, followed by The Redbreast.
 * In Frelseren (2005), translated as The Redeemer by Don Bartlett (2009), Hole is on the trail of a Croatian hitman who kills a Salvation Army officer during a Christmas street concert.
 * In Snømannen (2007), translated as The Snowman by Don Bartlett (2010), Hole struggles to identify Norway's first serial killer, who seems to have resurfaced years after their last crime.
 * Panserhjerte (2009), translated as The Leopard by Don Bartlett (2011). Having left the police force and exiled himself to Hong Kong following the events of The Snowman, Harry is now asked to return to Oslo to unofficially aid in the investigation of a serial killer.
 * In Gjenferd (2011), translated as Phantom by Don Bartlett (2012), Hole once again returns to Oslo from Hong Kong when his ex-girlfriend Rakel's son Oleg is arrested for murder. His investigation draws him into Oslo's drug scene.
 * Politi (2013), translated as Police (2013). Living in Oslo again and working as a lecturer at the Police College, Hole is asked to help track down a serial killer targeting police officers.
 * In Tørst (2017), translated as The Thirst (2017), Harry promises his wife he is done with police work, but is compelled to investigate when a killer who vanished years earlier suddenly resurfaces, now masquerading as a vampirist.
 * Kniv (2019), translated as Knife. Waking up with a ferocious hangover, Harry finds his hands and clothes covered in blood. Coming face-to-face with an old, deadly foe, Hole faces perhaps his darkest personal challenge yet.
 * Blodmåne (2023), translated as Killing Moon, is the latest book in the series.

Film
The seventh novel in the series, The Snowman, was adapted as a film in 2017 and starred Michael Fassbender as Harry Hole, with Rebecca Ferguson, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Ronan Vibert, Val Kilmer and J.K. Simmons.

Television
Nesbø himself will adapt the fifth Hole novel The Devil's Star as a series for Netflix, with Øystein Karlsen directing. Tobias Santelmann will play Harry Hole.

title: Harry Hole


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Stemmer fra Balkan

Stemmer fra Balkan ("Figures in the Balkans") is a documentary book written by Jo Nesbø and Espen Søbye.

In it they recount their experiences travelling to Serbia to write about the war that started on March 23, 1999. The book discusses what kind of a war this was, and describes Norway's part in it.

Related links

 * Bokkilden (book sellers) entry in Norwegian (Not operational.)
 * Dagbladet's review of the book in Norwegian

title: Stemmer fra Balkan


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Ror (disambiguation)

The Ror is a caste found mainly in northern India.

Ror, ROR or RoR may also refer to:

People

 * Dalel Singh Ror, Indian volleyball player
 * Ror Wolf (born 1932), German writer and artist

Places

 * ROR, the IATA code for Palau International Airport
 * Ror River, tributary of the Târnava Mică River in Romania

Business

 * Rate of return, profit on an investment over a period of time
 * Ripoff Report, a consumer advocacy website
 * Run of River Power, a Canadian hydro power company

Organizations

 * Reach Out and Read, an American non-profit organization
 * Reaching Out Romania, a Romanian non-governmental charitable organization
 * Regiment Oranjerivier, an armoured regiment of the South African Army
 * Research-on-Research Committee, a nonprofit association
 * Research Organization Registry, a database of research organizations
 * Retraining of Racehorses, an animal welfare organization in the United Kingdom
 * Rhythms of Resistance, a network of political percussion bands

Biology and chemistry

 * R-O-R, general formula for ethers, a class of organic compounds
 * ROR, abbreviation for RAR-related orphan receptor, a family of nuclear receptors in molecular biology
 * ROR, abbreviation for receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptors, a family of cell surface receptors
 * ROR, abbreviation for risk of recurrence

Computing

 * Resources of a Resource, an XML format for describing common website objects to search engines
 * Rigs of Rods, a multi-simulation game which uses soft-body physics
 * ROtate Right, a common circular shift instruction in assembly language
 * Ruby on Rails, a server side web application framework

Other uses

 * Review of Religions, a comparative religious magazine in print since 1902
 * Rochester railway station, Victoria, Australia
 * RoR, common police shorthand for Released on own Recognizance
 * RoR, common abbreviation for manga series Record of Ragnarok
 * RoR, common abbreviation for The Lord of the Rings Online: Riders of Rohan
 * Rule of Rose, a 2006 Japanese video game
 * Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity

title: Ror (disambiguation)


text: Category:Christmas Island

title: Category:Christmas Island


text: Category:French Guiana

title: Category:French Guiana


text: Category:French Polynesia

title: Category:French Polynesia


text:
Espen Søbye

Pål Espen Søbye (born 9 July 1954) is a Norwegian author and literary critic. He has a Mag.art. degree in philosophy, and was formerly employed at Statistics Norway in Oslo. He was named literary critic of the year in 2006 by the Norwegian Critics' Association.

title: Espen Søbye


text:
Category:Mayotte

 * Mayotte — an island in the Comoros archipelago, located in the western Indian Ocean and off the coast of . It is also a disputed.

title: Category:Mayotte


text:
Category:Netherlands Antilles

Netherlands Antilles (1954–2010) — a former autonomous Caribbean country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It comprised Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba, and Sint Maarten.

title: Category:Netherlands Antilles


text:
Tranz Am

Tranz Am is an action video game developed and published by Ultimate Play the Game that was released for the ZX Spectrum in July 1983. The game is set in a post-apocalyptic version of the United States and centres around a racing car driver on his quest to obtain the Eight Great Cups of Ultimate, which are scattered throughout the country.

The game was written by Chris Stamper and graphics were designed by Tim Stamper. Tranz Am was one of the very few Spectrum games also available in ROM format for use with the Interface 2, allowing instant loading of the game (the normal method of cassette loading could take several minutes). The game received mostly positive reviews upon release: praise was given to the game's graphics and simple controls, while criticism was directed at its confusing interface.

Gameplay
The game is set in a post-apocalyptic United States in the year 3472. Eight Great Cups of Ultimate are dispersed around America, and the player's mission is to obtain all of them. Petrol is in short supply and the only way to re-fuel vehicles is to find petrol pumps, scattered across the country.

The game is presented in a top-down perspective and involves driving around America to collect the eight trophies whilst avoiding natural hazards and kamikaze cars, which attempt to crash into the player. The player has a limited supply of petrol and must collect fuel at regular intervals by driving over petrol pumps. Obstacles include trees, boulders and destroyed buildings. The overworld has an invisible border which causes the player's car to reverse automatically to ensure that they do not cross the game's boundaries.

The interface displays a list of comprehensive data: a map showing a list of key cities in the contiguous United States, petrol gauge, speedometer, remaining lives, number of cups collected, short-range radar and engine temperature. Every key city in the game contains at least one petrol station. If the player drives too fast for too long, their car will overheat and slow down. To save an overheating car the player must drive below a certain speed or stop entirely to allow the engine to cool.

Development
Tranz Am is one of the few Spectrum games also available in ROM format for use with the Interface 2, allowing "instantaneous" loading of the game when the normal method of cassette loading could take several minutes. The game can also run on the 16K version of the Spectrum.

Reception
The game received a mostly positive reception upon release. Computer and Video Games praised the game's controls and accessibility, stating that they were "easy to get into" upon the first try. A reviewer writing for Home Computing Weekly found the game to be "compulsive" overall, but noted that the game did not live up to the promises made by the description on the packaging. Simon Lane of Popular Computing Weekly praised the game's graphics, sound and presentation, stating that they were of "a very high quality" and that Tranz Am was an "original game" in comparison with the other games released by Ultimate. Lane criticised the game's interface, however, stating that he found it difficult to "concentrate on everything all at once". Lane also added that the game did not reward the player enough for collecting all of the cups, displaying just a short congratulation message before inviting him or her to begin again. A reviewer writing for Your Computer magazine heralded the game as a program of "outstanding achievement", considering that the game's playing area was calculated at "600 times more than the actual screen area".

Tranz Am reached number one on the ZX Spectrum charts compiled by WHSmith replacing Ultimate's first game Jet Pac.

title: Tranz Am


text: Category:Niue

title: Category:Niue


text: Category:Norfolk Island

title: Category:Norfolk Island


text:
Raymond & Maria

Raymond & Maria was a Swedish pop group. It was started in 2002 by the male members of the band: Johan, Staffan, Olle and Per. As singers they found Maria and her sister Camilla. The first single from the band was Ingen vill veta var du köpt din tröja (later released in English as No One Notices Your Brand New T-shirt) in 2004. The song was number one in the Swedish charts for several weeks.

The band produced a stir when they broke through with their anti-commercial messages. The music is simple with only drums, guitar and vocals. As the band is quite concerned with their privacy, they have opted to not disclose the band members' last names. Nonetheless it has emerged that Johan Kindblom is the author of the lyrics.

The name comes from a swinging club in Stockholm.

The band broke up in 2013.

Albums

 * Vi ska bara leva klart (2004)
 * Hur mycket jag än tar finns alltid lite kvar (2006)
 * Jobs where they don't know our names (2012) - Japan and South Korea
 * Jobs where they don't know our names (1) (2012) - Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark

EPs

 * Jobs where they don't know our names (2012) - US, UK and Canada

Singles

 * Ingen vill veta var du köpt din tröja (2004) — Sweden #1
 * Nej (2004)
 * Min pappa (2004)
 * Redan idag (2005)
 * Kärlek 1 (2006)
 * Storstadskvinnor faller ner och dör (2006)
 * The fish are swimming slower every year (2011)

title: Raymond & Maria


text:
HELLP syndrome

HELLP syndrome is a complication of pregnancy; the acronym stands for hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count. It usually begins during the last three months of pregnancy or shortly after childbirth. Symptoms may include feeling tired, retaining fluid, headache, nausea, upper right abdominal pain, blurry vision, nosebleeds, and seizures. Complications may include disseminated intravascular coagulation, placental abruption, and kidney failure.

The cause is unknown. The condition occurs in association with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. Other risk factors include previously having the syndrome and a mother older than 25 years. The underlying mechanism may involve abnormal placental development. Diagnosis is generally based on blood tests finding signs of red blood cell breakdown (lactate dehydrogenase greater than 600 U/L), an aspartate transaminase greater than 70 U/L, and platelets less than 100×109/l. If not all the criteria are present, the condition is incomplete.

Treatment generally involves delivery of the baby as soon as possible. This is particularly true if the pregnancy is beyond 34 weeks of gestation. Medications may be used to decrease blood pressure and blood transfusions may be required.

HELLP syndrome occurs in about 0.7% of pregnancies and affects about 15% of women with eclampsia or severe pre-eclampsia. Death of the mother is uncommon (< 1%). Outcomes in the babies are generally related to how premature they are at birth. The syndrome was first named in 1982 by American gynaecologist Louis Weinstein.

Signs and symptoms
The first signs of HELLP usually start appearing midway through the third trimester, though the signs can appear in earlier and later stages. It is highly associated with known pre-eclampsia. Risk factors for pre-eclampsia include older age, uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. Symptoms for HELLP vary in severity and between individuals and are commonly mistaken with normal pregnancy symptoms, especially if they are not severe.

HELLP syndrome patients experience general discomfort followed by severe epigastric pain or right upper abdominal quadrant pain, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, backache, anaemia, and hypertension. Some patients may also have a headache and visual issues. These symptoms may also become more severe at night. As the condition progresses and worsens, a spontaneous hematoma occurs following the rupture of the liver capsule, which occurs more frequently in the right lobe. The presence of any combinations of these symptoms, subcapsular liver hematoma in particular, warrants an immediate check-up due to the high morbidity and mortality rates of this condition.

Risk factors
Elevated body mass index and metabolic disorders, as well as antiphospholipid syndrome, significantly increase the risk of HELLP syndrome in all female patients. Females who have had or are related to a female with previous HELLP syndrome complications tend to be at a higher risk in all their subsequent pregnancies.

The risk of HELLP syndrome is not conclusively associated with a specific genetic variation, but likely a combination of genetic variations, such as FAS gene, VEGF gene, glucocorticoid receptor gene and the tol-like receptor gene, increase the risk.

Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology is still unclear and an exact cause is yet to be found. However, it shares a common mechanism, which is endothelial cell injury, with other conditions, such as acute kidney injury and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Increasing the understanding of HELLP syndrome's pathophysiology will enhance diagnostic accuracy, especially in the early stages. This will lead to advancements in the prevention, management, and treatment of the condition, which will increase the likelihood of both maternal and fetal survival and recovery.

Inflammation and coagulation
As a result of endothelial cell injury, a cascade of pathological reactions manifests and become increasingly severe and even fatal as signs and symptoms progress. Following endothelial injury, vasospasms and platelet activation occur alongside the decreased release of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor and increased the release of von Willebrand factor (vWF), leading to general activation of the coagulation cascade and inflammation. Placental components, such as inflammatory cytokines and syncytiotrophoblast particles interact with the maternal immune system and endothelial cells, further promoting coagulation and inflammation. These interactions also elevate leukocyte numbers and interleukin concentrations, as well as increase complement activity.

Low platelet count
vWF degradation in HELLP syndrome is inhibited due to decreased levels of degrading proteins, leading to an increased exposure of platelets to vWF. As a result, thrombotic microangiopathies develop and lead to thrombocytopenia.

Blood breakdown
As a result of the high number of angiopathies, the erythrocytes fragment as they pass through the blood vessels with damaged endothelium and large fibrin networks, leading to macroangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. As a consequence of hemolysis, lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) and hemoglobin are released, with the latter binding to serum bilirubin or haptoglobin.

Liver
During the coagulation cascade, fibrin is deposited in the liver and leads to hepatic sinusoidal obstruction and vascular congestion, which increase intrahepatic pressure. Placenta-derived FasL (CD95L), which is toxic to human hepatocytes, leads to hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis by inducing the expression of TNFα and results in the release of liver enzymes. Hepatic damages are worsened by the disrupted portal and total hepatic blood flow that result as a consequence of the microangiopathies. Collectively, widespread endothelial dysfunction and hepatocellular damage result in global hepatic dysfunction often leading to liver necrosis, haemorrhages, and capsular rupture.

Diagnosis
Early and accurate diagnosis, which relies on laboratory tests and imaging exams, is essential for treatment and management and significantly reduces the morbidity rate. However, diagnosis of the syndrome is challenging, especially due to the variability in the signs and symptoms and the lack of consensus amongst healthcare professionals. Similarities to other conditions, as well as normal pregnancy features, commonly lead to misdiagnosed cases or more often, delayed diagnosis.

There is a general consensus regarding the main three diagnostic criteria of HELLP syndrome, which include hepatic dysfunction, thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia in patients suspected to have preeclampsia.
 * A blood smear will often exhibit abnormalities, such as schistocytes, bur cells, and helmet cells, which indicate erythrocyte damage.
 * Thrombocytopenia, which is the earliest coagulopathy present in all HELLP syndrome patients, is indicated by low platelet count (below 100 x 109 L-1) or by testing the levels of fibrin metabolites and antithrombin III.
 * Elevated serum levels of certain proteins, in particular, LDH, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), are indicative of hepatic dysfunction. Extremely high serum levels of these proteins, specifically LDH levels > 1,400 IU/L, AST levels > 150 IU/L and ALT levels > 100 IU/L, significantly elevate the risk of maternal mortality.

A number of other, but less conclusive, clinical diagnostic criteria are also used in diagnosis alongside the main clinical diagnostic criteria for HELLP syndrome.
 * De novo manifestation of hypertension with systolic pressure and diastolic pressure above 160mmHg and 110 mmHg, respectively.
 * Proteinuria, leucocytosis and elevated uric acid concentrations > 7.8 mg.
 * Decreased serum haptoglobin and haemoglobin levels.
 * Increased serum bilirubin levels and visual disturbances.

Imaging tests, such as ultrasound, tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are instrumental in the correct diagnosis of HELLP syndrome in patients with suspected liver dysfunction. Unurgent cases must undergo MRI, but laboratory tests, such as glucose determination, are more encouraged in mild cases of HELLP syndrome.

Classification
A classification system, which was developed in Mississippi, measures the severity of the syndrome using the lowest observed platelet count in the patients alongside the appearance of the other two main clinical criteria. Class I is the most severe, with a relatively high risk of morbidity and mortality, compared to the other two classes.
 * Class I HELLP syndrome is characterised by a platelet count below 50,000/μL.
 * Class II HELLP syndrome is characterised by a platelet count of 50,000-100,000/μL.
 * Class III HELLP syndrome is characterised by a platelet count of 100,000-150,000/μL.

Another classification system, introduced in Memphis, categorises HELLP syndrome based on its expression.
 * Partial expression of the condition is characterised by the manifestation of one or two of the main diagnostic criteria.
 * The complete expression of the condition is characterised by the manifestation of all three main diagnostic criteria.

Treatment
The only current recommended and most effective treatment is delivery of the baby, as the signs and symptoms diminish and gradually disappear following the delivery of the placenta. Prompt delivery is the only viable option in cases with multiorgan dysfunction or multiorgan failure, haemorrhage and considerable danger to the fetus. Certain medications are also used to target and alleviate specific symptoms.

Corticosteroids are of unclear benefit, though there is tentative evidence that they can increase the mother's platelet count.

Prognosis
With treatment, maternal mortality is about 1 percent, although complications such as placental abruption, acute kidney injury, subcapsular liver hematoma, permanent liver damage, and retinal detachment occur in about 25% of women. Perinatal mortality (stillbirths plus death in infancy) is between 73 and 119 per 1000 babies of woman with HELLP, while up to 40% are small for gestational age. In general, however, factors such as gestational age are more important than the severity of HELLP in determining the outcome in the baby.

Epidemiology
HELLP syndrome affects 10-20% of pre-eclampsia patients and is a complication in 0.5-0.9% of all pregnancies. Caucasian women over 25 years of age comprise most of the diagnosed HELLP syndrome cases. In 70% of cases before childbirth, the condition manifests in the third trimester, but 10% and 20% of the cases exhibit symptoms before and after the third trimester, respectively. Postpartum occurrences are also observed in 30% of all HELLP syndrome cases.

History
HELLP syndrome was identified as a distinct clinical entity (as opposed to severe pre-eclampsia) by Dr. Louis Weinstein in 1982. In a 2005 article, Weinstein wrote that the unexplained postpartum death of a woman who had haemolysis, abnormal liver function, thrombocytopenia, and hypoglycemia motivated him to review the medical literature and to compile information on similar women. He noted that cases with features of HELLP had been reported as early as 1954.

title: HELLP syndrome


text: Category:Réunion

title: Category:Réunion


text: Category:Saint Helena

title: Category:Saint Helena


text:
File:Tranzam-1.png

Summary
Screenshot of the ZX Spectrum game Tranz Am, taken by Richard W.M. Jones

Fair use

 * Ultimate/Rare has not released any screenshots to the public domain.
 * The image is being used in an informative way and should not detract from the game.
 * The image's only purpose is to aid in the description of the fictional world of Tranz Am and for no other purpose.
 * The image does not limit Ultimate/Rare's ability to sell the game.

title: File:Tranzam-1.png


text:
The Redbreast

The Redbreast (Rødstrupe, 2000) is a crime novel by Norwegian writer Jo Nesbø, the third in the Harry Hole series (although the first in the series to be available in English).

A large part of the book is laid at the time of the Second World War – specifically, the Siege of Leningrad, wartime Vienna and the Bombing of Hamburg – making The Redbreast a war novel as well as a crime novel. The book touches deeply on the still highly sensitive issue of Norwegian Collaboration with the Nazis and specifically the voluntary recruitment of Norwegians to the Waffen SS.

The novel was voted Best Norwegian Crime Novel ever. Upon translation into English, by Don Bartlett, the novel was shortlisted for the Crime Writers' Association Duncan Lawrie International Dagger.

Synopsis
During the Siege of Leningrad, a small group of Norwegian Waffen-SS volunteers are manning trenches just a short distance from the western lines. One of their number, Daniel Gudeson, is shot through the head and killed when he stands up to celebrate midnight on New Year's Eve. His body and face are covered up and he is laid to wait for a burial committee the following day. That same night, another soldier named Sindre Fauke disappears, believed to have defected to the Red Army. Oddly, later that night, Gudeson's body mysteriously reappears in the trench. After a hand grenade lands the soldiers in hospital, one of them, under the guise of "Uriah", falls in love with a nurse. After an unsuccessful attempt to elope, the two are separated.

Decades later, when the U.S. President visits Oslo for an Israeli-Palestinian peace conference, policeman Harry Hole is assigned to the security detail. After shooting a suspected assassin during the approach of the President's convoy, Hole is promoted to inspector and investigates a crime involving a very expensive sniper rifle. In addition, a group of neo-Nazis — with which Hole has a prior history — is suspected in the murder of an elderly drunkard. Hole and his colleague, Ellen Gjelten, hear of a man connected to arms dealings called 'The Prince' and set out to learn his identity. Hole shares a mutual attraction with a colleague named Rakel, who is reluctant to take things further due to a custody battle for her son, Oleg; unbeknownst to her and Hole, the matter is being orchestrated by Rakel's superior, who is also infatuated with her.

Ellen accidentally discovers the identity of The Prince, but she is murdered by Sverre Olsen, one of the neo-Nazis, before she can identify him to Hole. When Hole and his new assistant, Halvorsen, attempt to arrest Olsen, they discover that another police inspector, Tom Waaler, has apparently shot him in self defence. When Rakel's superior and an elderly woman named Signe Juul are both murdered by the sniper rifle, Hole finds a link between the killings and Norwegian collaborators during the Nazi occupation. He also realizes that the killer has a split personality, with the second personality being that of Daniel Gudeson. Hole is led to believe that Juul's husband Even, who was obsessed with Gudeson, is behind the killings. However, Hole finds that Even has apparently committed suicide in an attempt to stop his "other personality" from continuing the murders.

Hole realizes he is wrong when he comes across the actual killer's journal, in which he attacks the Norwegian royal family and other government officials who fled to England during the occupation and who later labeled the collaborators as 'traitors' despite their resistance to the onslaught of the Soviet forces. The killer also reveals the details behind the mysterious reappearance of Gudeson's body in the trenches and the truth behind Fauke's supposed defection. Finally, the killer threatens to assassinate Norway's Crown Prince during imminent Constitution Day celebrations as retribution for the 'betrayal' of Norway's leadership during the war. Hole rushes to prevent the assassination, managing to stop the attempt at almost the last second in a hotel room. To keep the assassination attempt out of the press — and to prevent any problems for the assassin's surviving family (which includes those close to Hole) — Hole's success is covered up.

title: The Redbreast


text: Category:Tokelau

title: Category:Tokelau


text: Category:Wallis and Futuna

title: Category:Wallis and Futuna


text:
Sorgenfri

Sorgenfri (lit. "free of sorrow", like Sans Souci) is a neighbourhood in Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality in Greater Copenhagen lying just north of Kongens Lyngby.

The neighbourhood is enclosed between the landmarks of a forest with Lyngby Åmose, Mølleådalen and Spurveskjulskoven (lit. "sparrow shelter" forest) in the south, the Furesø Lake in the west and the parklands of Sorgenfri Palace and the Open Air Museum in the east. In the north of Sorgenfri lies the town Virum – which was till the end of the First World War a village.

Lottenborg is an inn located in Sorgenfri. The building originates from the 1700s, where the town's gatekeeper (Danish: vangemanden) lived, which gave the house the nickname 'the Gatekeeper's House' (Danish: Vangehuset). The gatekeeper worked on the royal Sorgenfri Castle, and when Princess Charlotte was born in 1789 and the house was renamed to Lottenborg in her honour. Lottenberg eventually became a popular inn, and worked as inn and restaurant for many years. After the death of the owner in 1993, the house was willed to Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality. It was put on sale in 2010 and sold in 2011.

Notable people

 * Frederik IX of Denmark (1899–1972), king of Denmark from 1947 to 1972
 * Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark (1900–1976), hereditary prince and former heir presumptive
 * Ingolf of Rosenborg (born 1940), count
 * Lars Haagensen (born 1953), musicians and painter
 * Søren Dahlgaard (born 1973), visual artist

title: Sorgenfri


text:
Karusellmusikk

Karusellmusikk is a 2001 collection of short stories by Norwegian writer Jo Nesbø.

title: Karusellmusikk


text:
England national amateur football team

The England national amateur football team was the amateur representative team for England at football. It was formed in 1901, due to the growth of the professional game which meant that amateur players could no longer easily find places in the main England national team.

It was the most successful team in the British Amateur Championship, winning on 16 occasions (5 joint). The England amateur team was disbanded by The Football Association in 1974.

First match and unbeaten run
Its first international match was against Germany on 21 September 1901, a 12–0 win at White Hart Lane, London, with R. E. Foster scoring 6 (one source gives 7). It was to be another five years before an official England amateur team was founded. The next match was away against France on 1 November 1906 and resulted in a 15–0 win for England, with Stanley Harris netting seven goals and Vivian Woodward four. The team played many internationals against the full representative sides of Europe, which were usually a mixture of amateur and professional players. The strength of the English amateur team meant they were still able to beat many of these sides and in fact they were unbeaten in 20 matches from 1906 to 1910. Whilst these England amateur matches are not considered full senior internationals by The Football Association, they are deemed to be by their opponents. As such, the England amateur side delivered the biggest defeats on several European nations; the Netherlands in 1907, Germany and Belgium in 1909, and Sweden & Hungary in 1912 (as Great Britain), beating them 12–2, 9–0, 11–2, 12–2 and 7–0 respectively.

England amateurs and Great Britain Olympics team
There is a difference of opinion as to whether the England amateur team was effectively the Great Britain Olympic football team at the 1908 and 1912 Olympic football tournaments. The FA's website considers the gold medals in these tournaments a win for the England amateur side rather than a British team, whilst in Bryon Butler's book it is shown that the winners' certificate names England. Conversely, Mark Chapman's England's Amateurs site states that the 1908 and 1912 teams were Great Britain and points to the fact that photographic evidence shows the team playing with the Union flag on their shirts. It can be stated that both arguments are true, as it was the case for the 1956 Olympic tournament where the team played as Great Britain but the team was organised by the FA and consisted solely of amateur Englishmen as the other home nations withdrew their support.

Demise and successors
The England amateur team was disbanded in 1974 when the Football Association abolished the distinction between amateurs and professionals, simply calling them "players". A semi-professional representative team, made up of players from the National League System, now plays in its place.

Top goalscorers
The list below only includes those matches prior to World War I (1906–1914). Willie Jordan has scored 6 goals, while the likes of William Stapley, Arthur Bell, Syd Owen and Frederick Chapman settled at five.

title: England national amateur football team


text:
The Devil's Star

The Devil's Star (Marekors, literally "The Nightmare Cross", 2003) is a crime novel by Norwegian writer Jo Nesbø, the fifth in the Harry Hole series. An English-translated version of the book named The Devil's Star was translated by Don Bartlett.

The story moves between two parallel themes – the appearance of a new serial killer terrorizing Oslo, and Harry Hole's ongoing feud with the corrupt and utterly ruthless fellow police officer Tom Waaler, which was already a major part of the plot of the two previous books, "The Redbreast" and "Nemesis". Eventually, the two issues converge – enabling Harry to resolve both in the course of a single cataclysmic night.

Plot introduction
A young woman is murdered in her Oslo flat. One finger has been severed from her left hand, and behind her eyelid is secreted a tiny diamond in the shape of a five-pointed star – a pentagram, the devil's star.

Detective Harry Hole is assigned to the case with his long-time adversary Tom Waaler and initially wants no part in it. But Hole is already on notice to quit the force and is left with little alternative but to drag himself out of his alcoholic stupor and get to work.

A wave of similar murders is on the horizon. An emerging pattern suggests that Oslo has a serial killer on its hands, and the five-pointed devil's star seems to be the key to solving the riddle.

Synopsis
Pursuing his suspicions during the Nemesis investigation, Inspector Harry Hole attempts to convince the Chief Inspector that his colleague, Tom Waaler, is a criminal arms dealer known as 'The Prince'. Due to a lack of evidence, Hole is refused and goes on an alcoholic binge. Hole's superior reluctantly sends termination of employment papers to the Chief Inspector, but Hole gets a short reprieve as the Chief is on holiday for three weeks and thus cannot sign them.

Meanwhile, a murder victim is discovered dead in her shower, shot in the head. Waaler is appointed to lead the investigation, but Hole and his former partner Beate Lønn are attached to his team. Hole, investigating the murder scene, discovers a small, red, five-pointed diamond under the eyelid of the victim and that a finger is missing from her left hand. Another murder is presumed when the director of a theatre production of My Fair Lady reports that his wife has gone missing. Her finger is later sent to Kripos; it has a ring on it with a small, red five-pointed diamond. A few days later a third victim is found, this time in the female toilets at a law firm, also on the floor and a five-pointed red diamond on the body. Yet again a finger has been removed.

Waaler – who has heard about Hole's suspicions – offers to include him in his illegal dealings, dangling the large financial benefits as an inducement. In return, Hole has to perform an initiation task. Hole is initially confused as to why Waaler is effectively admitting his guilt, but is reminded that, as an alcoholic, Hole's evidence would not be sufficient to convict him if he went to his superiors. He agrees to think about the offer. Meanwhile, a chance sighting of a pentagram brings Hole a flash of inspiration. The five-pointed diamonds found on the victims are in a similar shape – known as a Devil's Star – and provide a major clue as to the next possible murder locations, which are kept under surveillance: one is in a student residence hall and the other is a house on the outskirts of Oslo, owned by Olaug Sivertsen.

While investigating this house, Lønn discovers that the likely murderer is Olaug's son, Sven. She informs Hole by phone as he and Waaler are checking out the other prospective crime scene. Hole gives this information to Waaler, who immediately leaves to assist Lønn. Hole, using recently installed CCTV cameras, notices another pentagram on a student's door. Eventually, the body of the victim is found at the residence hall and is determined to actually be the first victim of the killer, murdered five days before the first discovered victim. Meanwhile, Waaler apprehends Sven, but his threats to shoot him ultimately lead Lønn to realise that he intended to murder Sven instead of arresting him, leading her to agree with Hole's suspicions.

Hole is given his task by Waaler: to kill Sven in custody using a poison capsule, as Waaler's influence is such that he can guarantee that Hole will get away with it. Waaler's argument for the murder is that he would get a lenient punishment from the Norwegian judicial system, and that death would be a worthy sentence for his crimes. Hole realizes however that Waaler's true aim to eliminate a potential witness to his role in the smuggling ring, and to this end Hole convinces Sven that he should trust him and not Waaler. Hole breaks Sven out of custody with the intention of bringing Waaler to justice. Now a hunted man, Hole's future in the police — and quite possibly his life — depend on his being able to prove Waaler's crimes.

Sven is willing to testify against Waaler, but is adamant of his innocence of the murders, and consequently his testimony is wholly dependent on Hole exonerating him. Hole is faced with the daunting task of discovering the true murderer in a single day. However, a clue is provided by a seemingly irrelevant photograph which Sven shows Hole, and this combined with a very minute but precise piece of forensic evidence points to a completely unexpected perpetrator. Leaving Sven chained up, Hole encounters his new suspect in the immediate aftermath of his committing yet another murder. Hole comes very near to being killed himself, but eventually the killer commits suicide. Just as Hole believes that he is in the clear, Waaler calls to inform him that he has kidnapped his surrogate son Oleg and demands that he trade Sven for the boy.

Hole arranges a meeting at the residence hall. Using the CCTV cameras as a bargaining chip, Hole tries to convince Waaler that his position is hopeless. More and more outrageous stories are proposed by Waaler to explain how he intends to cover up what has happened, and when it becomes clear that Waaler will kill all three witnesses in the lift of the building, Hole enacts an escape plan and manages to overpower Waaler and rescue Sven and Oleg, with Waaler ultimately being killed in the ensuing scuffle. Having exposed Waaler and solved the case, Hole's termination of employment is rescinded and he returns to the force.

Adaptation
Netflix will adapt The Devil's Star as a series, with Øystein Karlsen directing, and Nesbø writing the script. The series, entitled Jo Nesbo's Detective Hole will star Tobias Santelmann as Harry Hole, Joel Kinnaman as Tom Waaler and Pia Tjelta as Rakel Fauke.

title: The Devil's Star


text:
User:Richard W.M. Jones

I'm Richard Jones. I've been using and editing Wikipedia since late 2003. You can find my home page at []. By day I work at Red Hat in London, UK.

title: User:Richard W.M. Jones


text:
The Bourne Supremacy

The Bourne Supremacy is the second Jason Bourne novel written by Robert Ludlum, first published in 1986. It is the sequel to Ludlum's bestseller The Bourne Identity (1980) and precedes Ludlum's final Bourne novel, The Bourne Ultimatum (1990).

The Bourne Supremacy gave its name to the second Bourne film, The Bourne Supremacy, starring Matt Damon in 2004; however, the movie adaptation has a completely different plot from the novel.

Plot
Jason Bourne has recovered from most of his mental and physical injuries and is teaching Asian studies at a university in Maine under his real name of David Webb, living happily on campus with his wife Marie under supervision of psychiatrist Morris Panov.

Meanwhile, high-ranking U.S. officials Ambassador Raymond Havilland and Undersecretary Edward McAllister discuss an increasingly alarming situation in the People's Republic of China, where the popular Communist official Sheng Chou Yang is boosting his rise to power with assassinations perpetrated by someone impersonating Jason Bourne. They fear that Sheng, a fanatical nationalist, might trigger a war, and therefore want him to be found and killed. Webb would be ideal for this, but they plan to involve him indirectly owing to his mistrust of the U.S. government and Webb's deep-seated emotional instability due to the loss of his first wife and children in Vietnam.

McAllister arrives and informs Webb of the assassin in Asia who is killing under the name of Jason Bourne. Webb is told he requires a more visible security force because someone wants him dead.

Soon thereafter, Marie is abducted by unknown people. Webb returns to the house, finds clues to her abduction, and immediately phones government officials, threatening to leak information about Treadstone and Medusa in an attempt to get assistance. He finds out information has been manipulated in order to make him seem crazy and delusional, and that his only course of action is to follow the instructions left by the kidnappers. He turns to the only person he thinks will be able to help him, Alexander Conklin, even though Conklin once tried to kill him. Conklin, now limping, is convinced there is government involvement but that they have lost control of the situation and the hired guns holding Marie are no longer in their control. Webb, who has transformed back into the persona of Jason Bourne, now has no choice but to go to Hong Kong and play out the scenario to get Marie back. In Hong Kong Bourne is led to a wealthy Tai-Pan who wants Webb to locate the impostor Jason Bourne because the impostor killed his wife; the Taipan is actually a British intelligence officer named Lin Wenzu collaborating with the CIA to make Bourne find the impostor. Bourne agrees, saying that if his wife is not heard from the very moment he returns, he will kill his nabbed impostor without a second thought. Lin Wenzu is later fatally injured when he uncovers and kills traitors on his team passing information to Sheng.

Marie, held captive in a British hospital, fakes illness and escapes, taking refuge with Catherine Staples, a former colleague now employed at the Canadian consulate in Hong Kong. The duo make runs and go incognito to avoid the CIA and to find Webb. Unfortunately Marie runs away from Staples thinking she has joined forces with her captors who want to take her back, and Staples gets killed by Sheng's men. Marie later contacts Conklin and Panov, who arrive in Hong Kong and confront McAllister and Havilland.

Webb, tracking the impostor Bourne on land, water and air, through Kowloon and Macau, encounters D'Anjou, alias Echo, another former Medusa operative, who is also tracking down the impostor Bourne, whom he had personally trained to be like Bourne. They join forces and track the impostor to mainland China, where they realise that a trap was laid by Sheng who was anticipating them following the impostor, and Echo is captured. Webb tracks him to a bird sanctuary at night, where Sheng Chou Yang is seen holding an open air conference with his rebel supporters and captured "traitors" to his cause, whom he is going to "judge", including Echo and the impostor Bourne. Echo is executed but not before he manages to delay Sheng and buy enough time for Bourne to mount a surprise attack on everyone. Amidst explosions and gunfire and killings, Webb captures the impostor Bourne, hijacks an empty charter plane and brings him to Kowloon, but in attempting to swap the impostor for Marie, is misled by McAllister, as Marie is not with them as was agreed, and still hidden by Conklin. Thinking Marie has been killed, an angry Webb now attacks and bombs Havilland's estate, Victoria Peak, where the impostor Bourne is killed and Webb nearly is as well, saved only by the timely arrival of Marie, Panov, and Conklin.

Webb and Marie learn he was selected because no one was more skilled and lethal, and Marie was abducted because Webb would have never agreed to the mission had the CIA told him the truth. Since Webb has now seen what Sheng is capable of and since Echo died for his sake, he decides to go back into the fray and kill Sheng. McAllister accompanies Webb, and during their search for Sheng, McAllister explains that he should be the one to kill Sheng, and Sheng will only trust McAllister for agreeing to rendezvous, and this has been McAllister's plan from the start. They fool Sheng into meeting with them, proposing to destroy the only copy of confidential documents that can expose him in return for money. The meeting between Sheng, Webb and McAllister takes place on the Chinese border with the assistance of Wong, a previous acquaintance of Bourne. During the meeting, McAllister sees that Sheng has already grabbed the confidential documents from Victoria Peak, and is shot by Sheng before he can shoot the latter. But Bourne arrives and stabs Sheng dead. Webb, McAllister, and Wong escape in Sheng's helicopter amidst gunfire.

In the end, it is shown that Lin Wenzu and McAllister have survived, Havilland commends McAllister for his acts of bravado, saying he will be promoted, Panov and Conklin have left for the U.S., and Webb and Marie have flown to Hawaii to rest.

Publication history

 * 1986, U.S., Random House ISBN 0-394-54396-3, Pub date February 11, 1986, Hardback.
 * 1987, U.S., Bantam Books ISBN 0-553-26322-6, Pub date February 1, 1987, Paperback.
 * 1986, UK, Grafton ISBN 0-246-12572-1 Pub date April 10, 1986, Hardback.
 * 1987, UK, HarperCollins ISBN 0-553-17299-9, Pub date March 5, 1987, Paperback.

title: The Bourne Supremacy


text:
Sidney Fox

Sidney Fox (born Sarah Liefer; December 10, 1907 – November 15, 1942) was an American stage and film actress in the late 1920s and 1930s. Fox's Hollywood film debut was in Universal Pictures' 1931 production Bad Sister, which is notable for also being the first film of actress Bette Davis.

Early life
Sarah Liefer was born in 1907 in "Poland-Galicia". In 1911, she emigrated with her Jewish parents — Rucha Rose (née Szapiro) and Jacob Liefer—to New York, where, by 1920, her mother had remarried. Rose's second husband was Joseph Fox, who identified himself in government records as a Yiddish-speaking native of Poland. After her mother's marriage to Fox, Sidney adopted her step-father's surname, although the federal census of 1930 shows her younger brother Samuel continued to use his given last name, Liefer, in the Fox household. The census documents that in April that year, 22-year-old Sidney was living with her mother and stepfather on the 500 block of West 178th Street in Manhattan, along with Samuel and their two stepbrothers. Sidney identified herself then professionally as a stenographer, while during any spare time, she was busy pursuing roles in stage productions. Additional sources regarding Fox's early life indicate she was employed in an array of other jobs as well, including work as a seamstress, a secretary in a law firm, and as a model or "mannequin" in a shop on Fifth Avenue.

Stage and film career
By the late 1920s, Fox had begun studying acting to establish a stage or film career. She temporarily joined a touring theatrical company around 1928, and within a year, she was performing on Broadway. She had a role in It Never Rains in 1929, and the next year, she portrayed the character Rhoda Wampas in the comedy Lost Sheep. In May 1930, the theatre critic for Variety gave Lost Sheep a lukewarm review but complimented Fox's energetic performance in the play, noting "That little cutie Sidney Fox, who first came out in It Never Rains, pleased again with her Rhoda." Someone else in the audience was impressed with Fox, Carl Laemmle Jr., then head of production at Universal Studios. Laemmle soon signed her to a multi-year contract with the Hollywood film company.

Fox made her film debut in the 1931 Hobart Henley drama Bad Sister, playing opposite Conrad Nagel, Humphrey Bogart, Zasu Pitts, and Bette Davis, who was making her movie debut as well. In 1931, Sidney was selected by motion picture advertisers as a WAMPAS Baby Star, recognizing her as one of the film industry's most promising new actresses. The next year, she starred as Madamoiselle Camille L'Espanaye in the Robert Florey film Murders in the Rue Morgue opposite Bela Lugosi. Then, in 1933, she played opposite operatic bass Feodor Chaliapin in the English-language version of Don Quixote. Many of her subsequent roles were bit parts in B-movies, although she did have a starring role in the 1935 release School for Girls.

Personal life and death
Fox's relationship with studio executive Carl Laemmle Jr. as his mistress was one of Hollywood's open secrets for several years. In December 1932, however, she wed Charles Beahan (1903–1968), and they remained married until her death. By 1940, according to that year's federal census, Charles and Sidney Beahan were residing together in a $125-a-month rented home at 9421 Charleville Drive in Beverly Hills, California. Fox is listed in that census as having no occupation and "not seeking employment" in 1940, and Beahan is documented as being employed as a "Literary Agent/Stage & Motion Pic[ture]s".

Two years later, on November 15, 1942, Fox died in Hollywood from an overdose of sleeping pills that authorities ruled "an accident". Variety announced her passing before this ruling in its issue of November 18. In the paper's brief obituary, Fox's given age, and the date of her death differ from those documented in official government records and on her gravestone in New York:"Sidney Fox, 31, a former stage and film actress, was found dead in her bed in her Hollywood home Nov. 14. Cause of death undetermined. Carl Laemmle discovered Miss Fox in 1930 while appearing in the Broadway production of Lost Sheep at the Selwyn theatre. She achieved quick film success, being first named a Wampas Baby Star, then scoring heavily in Strictly Dishonorable. Roles in Bad Sister, Mouthpiece and Once in a Lifetime followed, with a part in the French version of Don Quixote, starring Feodor Chaliapin, sandwiched in-between. In 1937 she replaced Katherine Locke on the New York stage in Having a Wonderful Time at the Lyceum theatre. Husband Charles Beahan, an agent, survives."

When Sidney died, Charles was reported to live at 519 North Crescent Drive in Beverly Hills. Following the coroner's investigation of her death, her body was returned to New York City and interred at Mount Lebanon Cemetery in Glendale, Queens.

Filmography
Sidney Fox's final work of her film career consisted of last-minute retakes she performed in early August 1934 to complete the production of the musical comedy Down to Their Last Yacht before its release on August 31, 1934. Another film in which she starred, School for Girls, was completed before Down to Their Last Yacht, but this dramatic film was not released in the United States until February 19, 1935. Therefore, Down to Their Last Yacht includes Fox's final performance on film, but School for Girls is her final film to be released.

title: Sidney Fox


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Di Derre

Di Derre is a Norwegian Pop rock band, founded in 1992. They were awarded the Gammleng-prisen in 1996.

Band members

 * Jo Nesbø – vocals, guitar
 * Espen Stenhammer – drums
 * Magnus Larsen jr. – bass guitar, vocals
 * Halvor Holter – keyboards
 * Unni Wilhelmsen – vocals, guitar (joined September 2013)

 * Former members
 * Knut Nesbø – vocals, guitar (died in 2013)
 * Sverre Beyer – drummer (died 2002)

title: Di Derre


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Sydney Fox

Sydney Fox is the title character on the television show Relic Hunter, played by Tia Carrere.

Relic Hunter
In the TV series Relic Hunter, Sydney Fox is a Professor of Ancient Studies, at a generic North American university. She most often teaches courses on what appear to be archaeology and cultural anthropology, though she is also shown teaching history and architecture as required by the plot. She frequently misses her own classes to work as a "relic hunter" who is constantly on the hunt for ancient treasures and artefacts so that she can bring them to their university’s museum. Inspired by an Indiana Jones style of adventure, Sidney Fox is often found battling rival hunters for artefacts. Her supervisors only rarely complain, since Fox usually stores the relics she finds in the university museum for safekeeping. Fox herself regards it as her duty to keep relics from falling into the wrong hands, either because they should be enjoyed by all mankind or because they are too dangerous to fall into the wrong hands.

Sydney's weapon of choice is a Persian hand-crossbow, which she usually uses to deal with traps, relying on hand-to-hand combat when actually fighting.

The series has attached a number of stereotypes onto her role as an Archaeologist throughout the series. Producers of Relic Hunter have utilized sex appeal to enhance Sydney Fox's character. Fox enjoys the rush of a dangerous mission, as she is unafraid of anything and is a good example of a strong and brave woman. Throughout the television series Fox's clothing is often tight fitting and revealing which makes her easily identified as a feminine sex symbol. With the exotic styles and accessories, Fox portrays a picture of a glamorized archaeologist. This image may be misleading to the reality of the field, yet proves to be more appealing for viewers. In a few episodes, Sydney is actually shown conducting conventional excavations, though she abandons the digs in question once it becomes apparent that the answers she needs are in a nearby sacred cave or ruined temple.

Fox has an on-screen connection with Nigel Bailey. This connection is apparent through the emotional and physical bond they share as they work closely together. The storyline romanticizes and draws on an exotic setting in some episodes. Fox finds herself aroused by her constant dangerous surroundings.

Episode 1 ("Buddha's Bowl") shows us Sydney Fox in her primary setting as a college professor. In the classroom, Fox expresses her teachings and love for her studies through a series of inappropriate class lessons. An example of this is in the first episode where her seductive dance moves and sexual tendencies are used to educate the students on tribal rituals Fox's initial first impression on Nigel had certainly caught his attention. As she stripped out of her ritual clothing and back into her office attire, the newly introduced teaching assistant is shown admiring her body as he attempts to remain in conversation, despite his obvious sense of hesitation and mesmerisation.

Popular culture and archaeology
Archaeology as a field of study has often been incorrectly portrayed by popular culture and mass media. False stereotypes glamorise it with the use of violence and thrill. Relic Hunter is an example of how a profession can be altered to fit public interests. Although Relic Hunter has faults in its portrayal of the profession, the overall concept of searching for relics and uncovering historical archives is relevant. While Fox is portrayed as a young professional to the field, her sex appeal is used to intrigue viewers and place a different spin on a female archaeologist/professor. Like real archaeologists, Fox does not hunt relics for glory or monetary gain, but so that they can be studied and learned from.

Setting
The show takes place in a variety of different settings across the globe; therefore its archaeological appeal can be interesting for a wide range of viewers. As the episodes follow Fox on different "hunts", the theme of the adventurous archaeologist searching for treasures is rampant throughout the series. The three seasons of Relic Hunter were created to have a multitude of different settings. Themes such as violence and the notion of discovery are intertwined with a sense of romance between characters Fox and Bailey. The idea of danger constantly being within hands reach makes the series both exciting and enticing to watch. This is a popular trend in contemporary archaeology programs.

Yasmin Jiwani argues that Fox "represents the quintessential assimilated Asian American woman."

title: Sydney Fox