text:
User talk:Onco p53

Talk Page Archives
Talk Archive One 16 August 2004 -- 2 July 2005 Talk Archive Two 2 July 2005 -- 3 November 2006 Talk Archive Three 3 November 2006 -- 10 July 2007 Talk Archive Four 23 July 2007 -- 13 March 2013 Talk Archive Five

AWB: Do not make insignificant or inconsequential edits
Please learn how Wikipedia renders a page from its source code. Multiple spaces in the source do not translate to multiple spaces in the rendered output, so leave them alone. Hyphens are automatically converted to endashes in page ranges by the various templates. Please leave these alone, there's no point putting actual endashes in the code. Tayste (edits) 09:47, 3 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks for that, did not know that the hyphen got converted automatically. Onco p53 (talk) 09:50, 3 September 2017 (UTC)

Jurors for the upcoming Wiki Science Competition
Hi, I don't if you missed all the messages I left here and on commons and wikiveristy about this event.

I am checking with Ivo Kruusamägi from Wikimedia Estonia the composition of the final jury. We did our best to keep it balanced by continent, gender, field etc but in the end it is still a little bit eurocentric. I mean, it is good they are not all from Estonia and Italy, but of course it could have been better. Finding 15 names (and other one for more national juries) to help was not easy... I did gather some "maybes" from China and India in private that might be used next time, including people in national juries that we can promote but so far I could only reduce the gender unbalance.

I hope that the results will promote science around the globe in any case. As a last appropriate effort now that more urgent issues have been addressed and we are finalizing the main organization, I am looking all the profiles of active wikimedians from or related to Africa, South American Oceania or Asia but not to countries with national juries, with a public name and surname (jurors should be public figures) and a scientific or technological education or position, like yours.

Would you be interested in joining us to be a juror in the second-level jury? I am sure that next time we will find new additional contacts and I will find your name not at the last minute. Of course, if we can finally get two or three new names, we can promote one of them in the final jury too.

Even you don't have time, could you help us also in promoting the event amongst people you know or mailing lists or groups you have joined? This will be also useful to promote more national juries next time.

Thank you in advance.--Alexmar983 (talk) 07:42, 16 October 2017 (UTC)

Thanks for your help with kauri dieback
When you made those edits, I didn't realise you were one of the describers of the organism! It's great that you're also an experienced editor; I'd appreciate it over the next few weeks as we expand the article if you could keep an eye on the science content in particular, so I don't make any more blunders. I'm a biologist but don't know much about microorganisms, nor do I have any special expertise with dieback. All I know is what I've read in the literature. But it would be great if we could collectively turn the page into a useful information resource. Many thanks for your help. Giantflightlessbirds (talk) 20:52, 19 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Will do so over the holidays when I have some free time, sadly back in August 2013 I wrote a note to myself in my sandbox to write an article about PTA.... Also I have some spore images that I can open licence. Onco p53 (talk) 22:28, 19 December 2017 (UTC)

 * Spore images would be great! Giantflightlessbirds (talk) 23:53, 19 December 2017 (UTC)

May 2020
Hello, and thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia. This is just a note to let you know that I've moved the draft that you were working on to Draft:New Zealand Nationally Significant Collections and Databases, from its old location at User:Onco p53/sandbox/New Zealand Nationally Significant Collections and Databases. This has been done because the Draft namespace is the preferred location for Articles for Creation submissions. Please feel free to continue to work on it there. If you have any questions about this, you are welcome to ask me on my talk page. Thank you. Sulfurboy (talk) 02:32, 24 May 2020 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: New Zealand Nationally Significant Collections and Databases has been accepted
 New Zealand Nationally Significant Collections and Databases, which you submitted to Articles for creation, has been created.

Congratulations, and thank you for helping expand the scope of Wikipedia! We hope you will continue making quality contributions.

The article has been assessed as List-Class, which is recorded on its talk page. You may like to take a look at the grading scheme to see how you can improve the article.

Since you have made at least 10 edits over more than four days, you can now create articles yourself without posting a request. However, you may continue submitting work to Articles for creation if you prefer.

If you have any questions, you are welcome to ask at the  [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Help_desk&action=edit&section=new&nosummary=1&preload=Template:AfC_talk/HD_preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=New_Zealand_Nationally_Significant_Collections_and_Databases help desk] . Once you have made at least 10 edits and had an account for at least four days, you will have the option to create articles yourself without posting a request to Articles for creation.

If you would like to help us improve this process, please consider.

Thanks again, and happy editing! ~Amkgp ✉  11:22, 24 May 2020 (UTC)

ArbCom 2022 Elections voter message
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Invitation to an in-person meetup in Mohua / Golden Bay
Thinking about your summer break? Think about joining other Wikipedians and Wikimedians in Golden Bay / Mohua! Details are on the meetup page. There's heaps of interesting stuff to work on e.g. the oldest extant waka or New Zealand's oldest ongoing legal case. Or you may spend your time taking photos and then upload them.

Golden Bay is hard to get to and the airline flying into Tākaka uses small planes, so we are holding some seats from and to Wellington and we are offering attendees a $200 travel subsidy to help with costs.

Be in touch with Schwede66 if this event interests you and you'd like to discuss logistics.  Schwede 66  09:14, 13 November 2023 (UTC)

Upcoming Event in Auckland
You might be interested in an upcoming event in Auckland. Wikimedia Aotearoa is having a WikiCon! WikiCon Aotearoa 2024 is the annual gathering for all new and experienced editors of Wikipedia, Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, and Wikisource projects. Anyone interested in editing is welcome to attend. This conference is organized by Wikimedia Aotearoa New Zealand (WANZ). It aims to provide training to new editors, to encourage editors to learn new skills, to grow the Wiki community in Auckland and to ensure that we have a fun weekend. Food and refreshments provided.

When: Saturday 23 March - Sunday 24 March 2024

Where: Auckland University of Technology - Sir Paul Reeves Building - WG Building 2 Governor Fitzroy Place, Auckland.

Cost: $10, fully catered, sponsorship / registration fee waiver available

We are offering full scholarships (registration, travel & accommodation) to attend - please email info at wikimedia.nz for more information.

To see the full programme as it develops check out the Wikipedia Event page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiCon_Aotearoa/Auckland_2024

To register: https://events.humanitix.com/wikicon-aotearoa-2024 CopperAlchemy CopperAlchemy (talk) 03:05, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Onco p53


text: Category:Art schools

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Art schools


text:
Foxfire (1996 film)

Foxfire is a 1996 American teen drama film directed by Annette Haywood-Carter. Based on the Joyce Carol Oates novel Foxfire: Confessions of a Girl Gang, it examines the coming of age of four high school girls who meet up with a mysterious and beautiful drifter.

Plot
Maddie Wirtz is a high school senior living in the suburbs of Portland, Oregon. Her plans to coast through her last school year before college are waylaid when she meets another teenage girl, "Legs," a drifter who takes shelter from the rain inside Maddie's school. The same day she meets them, Legs convinces Maddie and fellow students Rita Faldes and Violet Kahn to confront Mr. Buttinger, a teacher who has been sexually harassing Rita and Violet. Maddie, Rita, and Violet flee after the confrontation turns violent, witnessed by student Goldie Goldman, who flees with them. Later, Legs finds Maddie at her house from the address in a notebook Maddie dropped in Mr. Buttinger's classroom. Legs spends the night at Maddie's house and bonds with her further in the morning before school.

At school, Maddie, Rita, Violet, and Goldie are suspended for the confrontation of Mr. Buttinger, despite their explanation of what happened. After getting kicked out of school, the girls go to an abandoned house where Maddie suggested Legs stay, finding Legs there. All five girls quickly form a close bond, with the abandoned house as their "headquarters" and engaging in further acts of rebellion, such as breaking into the school to retrieve part of Maddie's art school application (which the principal refused to let her get before she got kicked out) and Legs tattooing a flame on all of them. Legs and Maddie also learn Goldie's father physically abuses her. Everything culminates when the girls crash a car stolen from a group of boys who were about to rape Maddie in "revenge" for what happened to Mr. Buttinger.

Though not seriously injured, the girls go on trial for stealing the car, with the boys and one of their girlfriends, Cindy, lying about the events leading up to it. Legs is sent to a juvenile prison and the group flounders without her, with Goldie starting to use heroin. Eventually, Cindy, feeling guilty, tells the judge the truth, leading to Legs' release.

The girls' reunion is tempered by Legs learning of Goldie's addiction; Maddie has taken her to the abandoned house to detox. In an effort to help her, Legs leads Maddie, Rita, and Violet to Goldie's house to demand $10,000 from her parents to send Goldie to rehab. The situation escalates when Goldie's father refuses and Legs, holding him at gunpoint, forces the others to take him to the abandoned house. He is tied to a chair while the girls try to think of what to do next, and the tension rises as Legs begins taking her own paternal frustrations out on him. In the midst of the chaos, Rita accidentally shoots Goldie's father in the shoulder.

Panic ensues and the girls resolve to get Goldie's father to the hospital. When Goldie, Rita, and Violet leave with Goldie's father, Maddie realizes Legs is missing. She finds Legs walking along the bridge, looking for a ride to another town. Both girls make proposals, Maddie for Legs to stay with her and the others and Legs for Maddie to join her on the road. Sad but resolute, the two eventually go their separate ways. Legs gets a truck to stop and boards as Maddie watches it disappear.

In a voice-over, it is revealed that Maddie reunited with her boyfriend, finished high school, and went on to attend art school in New York City. She travels the world, always stopping at airports and bus stops along the way. Although none of the group ever see Legs again, they still get together once in a while and strengthen their bond over the past.

Cast

 * Hedy Burress as Madeline "Maddie" Wirtz
 * Angelina Jolie as Margaret "Legs" Sadovsky
 * Jenny Lewis as Rita Faldes
 * Jenny Shimizu as "Goldie" Goldman
 * Cathy Moriarty as Martha Wirtz
 * Sarah Rosenberg as Violet Kahn
 * Michelle Brookhurst as Cindy
 * Dash Mihok as Dana Taylor
 * Peter Facinelli as Ethan Bixby
 * Richard Beymer as Mr. Parks
 * Fran Bennett as Judge Holifield
 * John Diehl as Mr. Buttinger
 * Chris Mulkey as Dan Goldman
 * Jay Acovone as Chuck

Production
The film was shot in Portland, Oregon.

title: Foxfire (1996 film)


text:
User talk:Lil websurfer@yahoo.com

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

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title: User talk:Lil websurfer@yahoo.com


text:
Sandal

Sandals are an open type of shoe, consisting of a sole held to the wearer's foot by straps going over the instep and around the ankle. Sandals can also have a heel. While the distinction between sandals and other types of footwear can sometimes be blurry (as in the case of huaraches—the woven leather footwear seen in Mexico, and peep-toe pumps), the common understanding is that a sandal leaves all or most of the foot exposed. People may choose to wear sandals for several reasons, among them comfort in warm weather, economy (sandals tend to require less material than shoes and are usually easier to construct), and as a fashion choice. Usually, people wear sandals in warmer climates or during warmer parts of the year in order to keep their feet cool and dry. The risk of developing athlete's foot is lower than with enclosed shoes, and the wearing of sandals may be part of the treatment regimen for such an infection.

Name
The English word  derives under influence from Middle French from the Latin  and is first attested in Middle English in the form sandalies. The Latin term derived from Greek sandálion, the diminutive of sándalon , of uncertain origin. In Greek, the names referred to particular styles of women's sandals rather than being the general word for the category of footwear. Similarly, in Latin, the name was also used for slippers, the more common term for Roman sandals being, whence English sole. The English words sand and sandalwood are both false cognates.

History
Although some other kinds of footwear like carbatina are as simple to make, sandals are the oldest known footwear at present. Pairs of sagebrush sandals discovered in 1938 at Fort Rock Cave in Oregon, USA, were later dated to 10,500 to 9,300years ago.

The ancient Egyptians wore sandals made of palm leaves, papyrus, and—at least in grave goods—gold. Egyptian statues and reliefs show sandals both on the feet and carried by sandal-bearers. According to Herodotus, papyrus footwear was part of the required dress of the Egyptian priests. The sandals of Mesopotamia ("Biblical sandals") were typically made of rawhide and straw (dried grasses). The wealthy sometimes used gems or gold or silver beads on the thongs.

Straw shoes, sometimes in the form of sandals and sometimes carbatinae, were ubiquitous Chinese footwear in antiquity.

In Ancient Greece, sandalia proper were a kind of sandal principally worn by women. The sole was made of wood, cork, or leather and the upper chiefly consisted of a strap between the big toe and second toe and another around the ankle. The sandal of Homer was the pédila (πέδιλα). By the Classical Period, the general term for sandals was hypódēma (ὑπόδημα). Most forms included a strap across the toes (ζυγὸς, zygòs), another strap between the big and second toe, and a third across the instep (lingula); this last was frequently made with metal shaped like a heart or leaf. The rhaḯdia (ῥαΐδια) extended the straps of the sandal up the calf. Some Greek sandals—like the women's tyrrēniká (τυρρηνικά)—employed wooden soles. The effeminate baxea (, páxeia) was usually made of willow leaves, twigs, or fibers and was associated with comic actors and philosophers. The tragedians wore the cothurnus (, kóthornos), sandal-like boots that rose above the midcalf and typically incorporated platform soles that led to others wearing them to appear taller. By the Hellenistic Period, some sandals show evidence of extreme ornamentation. One found from the settlements in Greek Crimea was a platform design with 12 separate layers in its sole and gold decoration.

Because of the general discomfort of the typical upper-class calceus, it was standard in ancient Rome to switch to sandals ( or ) or slippers at home and it was considered an oddity of Augustus that he seldom did so. However, wearing comfortable shoes in public was considered effeminate and discussion of the habit was used as an insult by politicians and writers. Scipio the Elder, Verres, Antony, Germanicus, and Caligula were all pointedly reproached for doing so and the stigma did not die off until at least the reign of Hadrian. Because shoes were removed when reclining on couches to dine, it was normal to wear slippers or sandals to meals even at other houses. Because of the stigma, however, when a litter carried by slaves could not be used between the two houses, it was considered proper to walk to the other house in calcei while carrying the shoes to be removed under the arm. The guest would change in the entryway and then have slaves remove the second pair of shoes in the dining room.

In his autobiography Edward Carpenter told how sandals came to be made in England: "While in India Harold Cox went in [18]85 or [18]86 for a tour in Cashmere, and from Cashmere he sent me a pair of Indian sandals. I had asked him, before he went out, to send some likely pattern of sandals, as I felt anxious to try some myself. I soon found the joy of wearing them. And after a little time I set about making them. I got two or three lessons from W. Lill, a bootmaker friend in Sheffield, and soon succeeded in making a good many pairs for myself and various friends. Since then the trade has grown into quite a substantial one. G. Adams took it up at Millthorpe in 1889; making, I suppose, about a hundred or more pairs a year; and since his death it has been carried on at the Garden City, Letchworth."

Construction
A sandal may have a sole made from rubber, leather, wood, tatami or rope. It may be held to the foot by a narrow thong that generally passes between the first and second toe, or by a strap or lace, variously called a latchet, sabot strap or sandal, that passes over the arch of the foot or around the ankle. A sandal may or may not have a heel (either low or high) or heel strap.

Variants

 * Barefoot sandals, footwear with the appearance of sandals but lacking a sole.
 * Caligae, a heavy-soled classical Roman military shoe or sandal for marching, worn by all ranks up to and including centurion
 * Carbatina, open footwear worn in ancient Greece, Italy and the Middle East
 * Clog can be formed as a heavy sandal, having a thick, typically wooden sole.
 * Crochet sandals
 * Fisherman sandal is a type of T-bar sandal originally for men and boys. The toes are enclosed by a number of leather bands interwoven with the central length-wise strap that lies along the instep. An adjustable cross strap or bar is fastened with a buckle. The heel may be fully enclosed or secured by a single strap joined to the cross strap. The style appears to have originated in France.
 * Flip-flops (called thongs in Australia) are typically cheap and suitable for beach, pool, or locker room wear
 * Clip-on sandals or clip-toe sandals, similar to flip-flops
 * Geta, a classical Japanese form of elevated thong, traditionally of cryptomeria wood; the crosspiece is referred to as a ha, which translates to tooth
 * Grecian sandal, sandals from Greece and Salento (Italy), a (generally flat or low) sole attached to the foot by interlaced straps crossing the toes and instep, and fastening around the ankle. A similar style is sometimes called gladiator sandal
 * High-heeled sandal, a type of sandal with an elevated heel. They allow the wearer to have an open shoe while being less casual or more formal, depending on the style of the sandal.
 * Hiking and trekking sandals are designed for hiking or trekking in hot and tropical climates, usually using robust rubber outsole, suitable for any terrain, and softer EVA or Super EVA foam insole. These sandals are usually shaped to support the arched contour of the foot. The straps are usually made of polyester or nylon webbing for quick drying after exposure to water and to minimize perspiration. Also suitable for many other adventure sports and activities where quick drying and reduced perspiration is required, including rafting, traveling, paragliding, skydiving.
 * Ho Chi Minh sandals is one name for a homemade or cottage industry footwear, the soles cut from an old automobile tire and the straps cut from an inner tube. Made and worn in many countries, they became wider known in the US as worn by the rural people of Indochina during the Vietnam War, leading to the name.
 * Huarache, a Mexican sandal, with sole made of a tire tread, or huarache (running shoe), a flat sandal used by minimalist runners.
 * Jelly sandals or jelly shoes were originally a version of the classic fisherman sandal made in PVC plastic. They were invented in 1946 by Frenchman Jean Dauphant in response to a post-war leather shortage. Later designs featured translucent soft plastic in bright colours; hence the later name of jelly sandals or jellies. Recently, a whole range of styles have been produced in this material, mainly for women and girls, but the classic unisex design remains popular.
 * Jesuslatschen
 * Jipsin, a traditional Korean sandal made of straw
 * Ojota, an extremely durable Peruvian sandal made of recycled tires that is traditionally worn in the Andes by Quechua people.
 * Paduka are the ancient (the time of the Ramayana) Indian toe-knob sandals. They are not really worn on a daily basis now except by monks or for ceremonial purposes.
 * Patten, a type of oversized clog often with a wooden sole or metal device to elevate the foot and increase the wearer's height or aid in walking in mud
 * Roman sandal, a sandal held to the foot by a vamp composed of a series of equally spaced, buckled straps
 * Saltwater sandals, a flat sandal developed in the 1940s as a way of coping with wartime leather shortages, primarily worn by children
 * Soft foam sandals, invented in 1973, are made from closed-cell soft foam and uses surgical tubing for the straps. They are sold primarily along the Texas Gulf Coast in beach side gift shops.
 * T-bar sandals, primarily for children, with an enclosed heel and toe. It is fastened by a cross-wise strap or bar secured by a buckle, or more recently by Velcro. A length-wise strap extends from the vamp and joins the cross-strap over the arch of the foot to form a T shape. A common variant has two cross-straps. The toe is often pierced with a pattern of holes or slots. The sole is low-heeled and usually of crepe rubber, stitched-down to the upper. First seen in Europe and America in the early 20th century, by the 1950s they were very common for boys and girls up to their teens, but are now mainly worn by much younger children. This style or similar styles are also called "Mary Jane" shoes.
 * Waraji, Japanese straw sandals common in the Edo period
 * Wörishofer, a ladies' sandal with a cork wedge heel
 * Zōri, a flat and thonged Japanese sandal, usually made of straw, cloth, leather, or rubber

title: Sandal


text: Category:Nitrogen compounds

title: Category:Nitrogen compounds


text:
USS Monticello (LSD-35)

USS Monticello (LSD-35) was a Thomaston-class dock landing ship, the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Monticello, Thomas Jefferson's home in Virginia.

Monticello was laid down on 6 June 1955 by Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp., Pascagoula, Mississippi; launched on 10 August 1956; sponsored by Mrs. Harry R. Sheppard, wife of Congressman Harry R. Sheppard of California; and commissioned on 29 March 1957.

Service history
After outfitting and trials off the East Coast, Monticello arrived at her home port, NS San Diego, on 27 May 1957 to join Amphibious Forces, Pacific Fleet, and immediately began shakedown training. She continued to operate off the Pacific coast, joining in major amphibious training operations which took her to Eniwetok in 1958 and Hawaii and Alaska in 1959, serving usually as primary control ship. Such operations, involving ships of all types along with underwater demolition teams and Marines, keep the fleet at top readiness for any challenge of diplomatic crisis or war itself.

On 14 November 1960, Monticello sailed for a seven-month deployment with the 7th Fleet in the western Pacific. She was combat-loaded with part of a Marine reinforced battalion landing team, and was alerted four times during the Laos crisis, steaming with USS Paul Revere (APA-248) and four escorting destroyers in the South China Sea and the Gulf of Siam. Returning to San Diego in July, Monticello joined in a joint Army-Navy-Air Force amphibious exercise at San Juan Island, Washington, in September, then returned to fleet training operations from her home port.

Monticello sailed on 18 February 1962 in JTF 8 for nuclear weapons tests at Christmas Island, first carrying cargo between Christmas Island and San Diego, and then acting as command ship during tests of antisubmarine weapons, as part of Operation Dominic. In June, she sailed again to Christmas Island to aid in closing down the test operation, and continued to a second 7th Fleet tour of duty highlighted by a large amphibious exercise at Okinawa. She returned to San Diego and a program of training with Camp Pendleton marines, necessary overhaul, and refresher training early in December.

She again joined the 7th Fleet's Amphibious Ready Group from January to October 1964, taking part in SEATO as well as U.S. exercises.

After operating on the Atlantic coast through much of 1965, Monticello headed back to the western Pacific in August. Early in 1966, she steamed to South Vietnam for "Operation Double Eagle" the longest and largest amphibious operation of the Vietnam War up to that time. It enabled Allied forces to engage Viet Cong near Thac Tru and secure a beachhead in a key area. At the operation's conclusion, on 26 February, she headed for Subic Bay en route home via Hong Kong, Yokosuka, and Pearl Harbor.

After overhaul at San Pedro and training along the Pacific coast, Monticello got underway from San Diego on 13 January 1967, heading for the Far East. Much action awaited her in Vietnam. She served as primary command ship for Operation Beacon Hill I in Quảng Trị Province from 20 March to 2 April and Beacon Star there from 22 April to 12 May. She joined in Operation Bell in the latter half of May, in Operations Beacon Torch and Bear Chain in July, and in August participated in Operation Kangaroo Kick, an amphibious feint off Huế, and Operation Belt Drive, again at Quang Tri. Relieved at Da Nang in September. Monticello returned to San Diego on 13 October. After an overhaul that lasted until early 1968, Monticello conducted refresher training and local operations out of San Diego. In November of that year, she once again deployed to Vietnam where she remained into 1969.

 * [1969-1985]

Monticello was decommissioned on 1 October 1985 and transferred to the US Maritime Administration on 2 August 1991. Her name was struck from the Navy list on 24 February 1992 and she was sold on 29 September 1995 to Pegasus Inc for scrapping. She was repossessed by the Navy on 1 July 1997 after the failure of Pegasus to dismantle the ship and was re-transferred to the United States Maritime Administration and docked in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, Suisun Bay, Benicia, California. Ex-Monticello was environmentally cleaned to be used for target practice by Marad Contract #N00140-03C-A002 from 9 March through 27 April 2006 and then the vessel was returned to the Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet.

Ex-Monticello was withdrawn from the National Defense Reserve Fleet, Suisun Bay, Benicia, California on 27 June 2010, to be towed to Hawaii for sinking, in July 2010, as part of the RIMPAC 2010 exercise. She was sunk as a target in the Pacific Ocean 70 nmi off Kauai, Hawaii, on 14 July 2010 by aircraft of the U.S. Navy's Patrol Squadron 4 (VP-4) and Patrol Squadron 40 (VP-40).

title: USS Monticello (LSD-35)


text:
Diazotroph

Diazotrophs are bacteria and archaea that fix atmospheric nitrogen (N2) in the atmosphere into bioavailable forms such as ammonia.

A diazotroph is a microorganism that is able to grow without external sources of fixed nitrogen. Examples of organisms that do this are rhizobia and Frankia and Azospirillum. All diazotrophs contain iron-molybdenum or iron-vanadium nitrogenase systems. Two of the most studied systems are those of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii. These systems are studied because of their genetic tractability and their fast growth.

Etymology
The word diazotroph is derived from the words diazo ("di" = two + "azo" = nitrogen) meaning "dinitrogen (N2)" and troph meaning "pertaining to food or nourishment", in summary dinitrogen utilizing. The word azote means nitrogen in French and was named by French chemist and biologist Antoine Lavoisier, who saw it as the part of air which cannot sustain life.

Types
Diazotrophs are scattered across Bacteria taxonomic groups (as well as a couple of Archaea). Even within a species that can fix nitrogen there may be strains that do not. Fixation is shut off when other sources of nitrogen are available, and, for many species, when oxygen is at high partial pressure. Bacteria have different ways of dealing with the debilitating effects of oxygen on nitrogenases, listed below.

Free-living diazotrophs

 * Anaerobes—these are obligate anaerobes that cannot tolerate oxygen even if they are not fixing nitrogen. They live in habitats low in oxygen, such as soils and decaying vegetable matter. Clostridium is an example. Sulphate-reducing bacteria are important in ocean sediments (e.g. Desulfovibrio), and some Archean methanogens, like Methanococcus, fix nitrogen in muds, animal intestines and anoxic soils.
 * Facultative anaerobes—these species can grow either with or without oxygen, but they only fix nitrogen anaerobically. Often, they respire oxygen as rapidly as it is supplied, keeping the amount of free oxygen low. Examples include Klebsiella pneumoniae, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Bacillus macerans, and Escherichia intermedia.
 * Aerobes—these species require oxygen to grow, yet their nitrogenase is still debilitated if exposed to oxygen. Azotobacter vinelandii is the most studied of these organisms. It uses very high respiration rates, and protective compounds, to prevent oxygen damage. Many other species also reduce the oxygen levels in this way, but with lower respiration rates and lower oxygen tolerance.
 * Oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria) generate oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis, yet some are able to fix nitrogen as well. These are colonial bacteria that have specialized cells (heterocysts) that lack the oxygen generating steps of photosynthesis. Examples are Anabaena cylindrica and Nostoc commune. Other cyanobacteria lack heterocysts and can fix nitrogen only in low light and oxygen levels (e.g. Plectonema). Some cyanobacteria, including the highly abundant marine taxa Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus do not fix nitrogen, whilst other marine cyanobacteria, such as Trichodesmium and Cyanothece, are major contributors to oceanic nitrogen fixation.
 * Anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria do not generate oxygen during photosynthesis, having only a single photosystem which cannot split water. Nitrogenase is expressed under nitrogen limitation. Normally, the expression is regulated via negative feedback from the produced ammonium ion but in the absence of N2, the product is not formed, and the by-product H2 continues unabated [Biohydrogen]. Example species: Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodobacter capsulatus.

Symbiotic diazotrophs

 * Rhizobia—these are the species that associate with legumes, plants of the family Fabaceae. Oxygen is bound to leghemoglobin in the root nodules that house the bacterial symbionts, and supplied at a rate that will not harm the nitrogenase.
 * Frankias—'actinorhizal' nitrogen fixers. The bacteria also infect the roots, leading to the formation of nodules. Actinorhizal nodules consist of several lobes, each lobe has a similar structure as a lateral root. Frankia is able to colonize in the cortical tissue of nodules, where it fixes nitrogen. Actinorhizal plants and Frankias also produce haemoglobins. Their role is less well established than for rhizobia. Although at first, it appeared that they inhabit sets of unrelated plants (alders, Australian pines, California lilac, bog myrtle, bitterbrush, Dryas), revisions to the phylogeny of angiosperms show a close relatedness of these species and the legumes. These footnotes suggest the ontogeny of these replicates rather than the phylogeny. In other words, an ancient gene (from before the angiosperms and gymnosperms diverged) that is unused in most species was reawakened and reused in these species.
 * Cyanobacteria—there are also symbiotic cyanobacteria. Some associate with fungi as lichens, with liverworts, with a fern, and with a cycad. These do not form nodules (indeed most of the plants do not have roots). Heterocysts exclude the oxygen, as discussed above. The fern association is important agriculturally: the water fern Azolla harbouring Anabaena is an important green manure for rice culture.
 * Association with animals—although diazotrophs have been found in many animal guts, there is usually sufficient ammonia present to suppress nitrogen fixation. Termites on a low nitrogen diet allow for some fixation, but the contribution to the termite's nitrogen supply is negligible. Shipworms may be the only species that derive significant benefit from their gut symbionts.

Cultivation
Under the laboratory conditions, extra nitrogen sources are not needed to grow free-living diazotrophs. Carbon sources (such as sucrose or glucose) and a small amount of inorganic salt are added to the medium. Free-living diazotrophs can directly use atmospheric nitrogen (N2). However, while cultivating several symbiotic diazotrophs, such as rhizobia, it is necessary to add nitrogen because rhizobia and other symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria can not use molecular nitrogen (N2) in free-living form and only fix nitrogen during symbiosis with a host plant.

Biofertilizer
Diazotroph fertilizer is a kind of biofertilizer that can use nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to convert molecular nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (which is the formation of nitrogen available for the crops to use). These nitrogen nutrients then can be used in the process of protein synthesis for the plants. This whole process of nitrogen fixation by diazotroph is called biological nitrogen fixation. This biochemical reaction can be carried out under normal temperature and pressure conditions. So it does not require extreme conditions and specific catalysts in fertilizer production. Therefore, produce available nitrogen in this way can be cheap, clean and efficient. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizer is an ideal and promising biofertilizer.

From the ancient time, people grow the leguminous crops to make the soil more fertile. And the reason for this is: the root of leguminous crops are symbiotic with the rhizobia (a kind of diazotroph). These rhizobia can be considered as a natural biofertilizer to provide available nitrogen in the soil. After harvesting the leguminous crops, and then grow other crops (may not be leguminous), they can also use these nitrogen remain in the soil and grow better. Diazotroph biofertilizers used today include Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirilium and Blue green algae (a genus of cyanobacteria). These fertilizer are widely used and commenced into industrial production. So far in the market, nitrogen fixation biofertilizer can be divided into liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer. Most of the fertilizers are fermented in the way of liquid fermentation. After fermentation, the liquid bacteria can be packaged, which is the liquid fertilizer, and the fermented liquid can also be adsorbed with sterilized peat and other carrier adsorbents to form a solid microbial fertilizer. These nitrogen-fixation fertilizer has a certain effect on increasing the production of cotton, rice, wheat, peanuts, rape, corn, sorghum, potatoes, tobacco, sugarcane and various vegetables.

Importance
In organisms the symbiotic associations greatly exceed the free-living species, with the exception of cyanobacteria.

Biologically available nitrogen such as ammonia is the primary limiting factor for life on earth. Diazotroph plays an important roles in nitrogen cycle of the earth. In the terrestrial ecosystem, the diazotroph fix the (N2) from the atmosphere and provide the available nitrogen for the primary producer. Then the nitrogen is transferred to higher trophical levels and human beings. The formation and storage of nitrogen will all influenced by the transformation process. Also the available nitrogen fixed by the diazotroph is environmentally sustainable, which can reduce the use of fertilizer, which can be an important topic in agricultural research.

In marine ecosystem, prokaryotic phytoplankton (such as cyanobacteria) is the main nitrogen fixer, then the nitrogen consumed by higher trophical levels. The fixed N released from these organisms is a component of ecosystem N inputs. And also the fixed N is important for the coupled C cycle. A greater oceanic inventory of fixed N may increase the primary production and export of organic C to the deep ocean.

title: Diazotroph


text:
U.S. Route 278

U.S. Route 278 (US 278) is a parallel route of US 78. It currently runs for 1,074 mi from Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, to Wickes, Arkansas at US 71/US 59, passing through five states in the process. Landmarks along its route include the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site in South Carolina and the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway in eastern Mississippi. There are several universities located along the highway including Georgia State University, the University of Mississippi, and the University of Arkansas at Monticello.

Arkansas
US 278 begins at an intersection with US 59/US 71 in the town of Wickes in southwestern Arkansas. From Wickes, US 278 continues eastward near Gillham Lake to an overlap with US 70 through Dierks. Continuing south, US 278 overlaps Highway 26 for 0.09 mi at Center Point. Further south the route continues into Nashville. The route overlaps US 371 and later Highway 27 upon entering Nashville.

Entering Hempstead County, the highway winds through rural areas to Ozan and Washington, before meeting US 278 Business (US 278B) outside Hope. The highway crosses over Interstate 30 (I-30) shortly after entering the city limits and overlaps Highway 29 and Highway 32. US 278/AR 29/AR 32 intersect US 67 in east Hope. South of this junction AR 29 splits and US 278/AR 32 continues southeast. Further along this route, AR 32 turns southeast to Willisville and US 278 runs toward Camden.

The route intersects Highway 53 in rural Nevada County, overlaps US 371 in Rosston, and has a junction with Highway 57 upon entering Ouachita County. In Camden, US 278 intersects Highway 24 before it meets US 278B and US 79B prior to overlapping US 79. US 278 breaks from US 79 near Harrell Field shortly before entering East Camden. US 278 continues into Calhoun County and Hampton and a junction with US 371. The east edge of town brings an intersection with Highway 274 as US 278 continues to Harrell and Highway 160 before entering Bradley County. Aside from Banks, where US 278 has a junction with Highway 275, the route runs through rural country until Warren, where US 278 almost entirely bypasses the city to the south while US 278B runs downtown, including a brief overlap with US 63B. US 278 has an intersection with US 63/AR 8 along the southern edge of Warren before serving as the eastern terminus for US 278B. Further east the highway intersects Highway 172, which gives access to the Warren Prairie Natural Area just east of the Drew County line.

The route continues to Monticello to McGehee, where it meets US 65. US 278 overlaps US 65 southward for 16 mi until they separate in Lake Village. There, US 65 splits off and US 278 overlaps US 82 east to the Mississippi River, where US 82/US 278 crosses into Mississippi.

Long-term plans are to move US 278 to the Charles W. Dean Bridge, which is part of the proposed extension of I-69.

Mississippi
US 82/US 278 goes through Greenville to Leland, where US 278 separates from US 82 at US 61. US 278 then joins US 61 northward through Cleveland before splitting in Clarksdale. East of Clarksdale, it overlaps Mississippi Highway 6 through Batesville, Oxford, and Pontotoc before reaching Tupelo. At Tupelo, MS 6 separates from US 278 while US 278 overlaps US 45 south to New Wren. From New Wren, US 278 continues east through Amory before entering Alabama.

Alabama
US 278 enters Alabama between Greenwood Springs, Mississippi, and Sulligent, Alabama. As in Georgia, this and all U.S routes are partnered with state routes; however, there are few instances throughout the state where the state route number is posted. From the Mississippi state line to Guin, US 278 is paired with State Route 118. From Hamilton to the Georgia state line, US 278 is paired with State Route 74.

US 278 junctions with US 431 at Gadsden. The two routes overlap until they split at Attalla. US 278 overlaps US 43 between Hamilton and Guin. Prior to the completion of Corridor X (Future I-22), these two routes also overlapped US 78 between these two towns; eastbound US 78 traveled in the same direction as westbound US 278.

Georgia
In Atlanta, US 278 runs along Donald Lee Hollowell Parkway (Bankhead Highway), North Avenue, briefly along Piedmont Road and Ponce de Leon Avenue. Outside the Perimeter, US 278 runs along Covington Highway. In Lithonia, Georgia, at the intersection with Turner Hill Road (SR 124), US 278 merges with I-20 for 15 mi. It leaves I-20 at exit 90, in Covington, Georgia.

US 278 is co-signed with a state route for its entire length in Georgia, as are all U.S. Highways in the state. From the Alabama line into Lithia Springs, it is co-signed with SR 6. From Lithia Springs through Atlanta, it is merged with US 78/SR 8. In Atlanta, US 278 merges further with other highways including SR 10 and US 23 before splitting off at Ponce de Leon Ave. and East Lake Road near Decatur. In Avondale Estates, SR 12 is paired with US 278, all the way into Thomson. There, US 278 merges with US 78/SR 10 to the South Carolina line.

South Carolina
After crossing the Savannah River, US 278 bypasses North Augusta, South Carolina, en route to Beech Island and Johnson Crossroads. It then winds through a corner of the Savannah River Site. The route then continues onward through the towns of Allendale, Fairfax, Hampton, Varnville, Ridgeland, and Hardeeville where it meets I-95. US 278 shares the route between Ridgeland and Hardeeville with US 17.

Upon reaching Hardeeville, the route heads eastward toward the Atlantic with major new developments lining the spine of the road from Hardeeville through Sun City and Bluffton before crossing over the bridge to Hilton Head Island. US 278 ends at US 278 Business on the southern portion of Hilton Head Island, just outside Sea Pines Plantation.

History
In 1954, US 278 was extended from Guin, Alabama, to Augusta, Georgia. The extension was routed along US 43 from Guin to Hamilton, Alabama, then over SR 74 to the Georgia state line. In Georgia, US 278 was routed over SR 6 to Atlanta and SR 12 to Augusta. A further extension from Augusta to Jacksonboro, South Carolina, in 1955 was denied by AASHO in 1955.

In 1989, US 278 was rerouted through Dallas, Georgia; the former route through town was redesignated US 278 Byp. AASHTO approved another relocation through Rockmart, Georgia, in 1990; the former route through town became US 278 Bus. A third relocation the following year in Cedartown, Georgia, was also approved.

Alabama rerouted a section of US 278 in Guin over a section of SR 118 in 1995. At the same time, South Carolina rerouted the highway in Ridgeland over US 17 and SC 88.

Mississippi and Arkansas extended US 278 westward in 1997 from US 45 in Nettleton, Mississippi, to US 71 in Wickes, Arkansas. The following year, the highway was relocated on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina; the former routing because US 278 Bus.

Alabama relocated US 278 in Gadsden in 2000. Until early 2005, US 278 was only signed in Mississippi from the Alabama state line to US 45 west of Amory. US 278 in western Alabama was formerly routed through Haleyville via current SR 195 and SR 129. In 2014, Alabama relocated US 278 in Cullman.

Major intersections

 * Arkansas
 * in Wickes
 * north-northeast of Dierks. The highways travel concurrently to Dierks.
 * west of Nashville. The highways travel concurrently to Nashville.
 * in Hope
 * in Hope
 * in Rosston. The highways travel concurrently through Rosston.
 * in Camden. The highways travel concurrently to west-northwest of East Camden.
 * in Hampton
 * in Warren
 * east of Warren
 * in Monticello
 * west of Monticello
 * northwest of McGehee. The highways will travel concurrently to Clarksdale, Mississippi.
 * in McGehee. US 65/US 278 travels concurrently to south-southeast of Lake Village. US 165/US 278 travels concurrently to Dermott.
 * in Lake Village. The highways travel concurrently to east of Leland, Mississippi.

 * Mississippi
 * east of Leland. US 61/US 278 travels concurrently to Clarksdale.
 * in Clarksdale. The highways travel concurrently through Clarksdale.
 * in Clarksdale
 * in Batesville
 * in Batesville
 * on the Verona–Tupelo city line. The highways travel concurrently to north-northwest of New Wren.

 * Alabama
 * in Guin. The highways travel concurrently to Hamilton.
 * in Hamilton
 * in Cullman
 * in Cullman
 * south-southwest of Summit
 * northwest of Attalla. The highways travel concurrently to Gadsden.
 * in Attalla. The highways travel concurrently through Attalla.
 * in Attalla
 * in Gadsden

 * Georgia
 * in Cedartown. The highways travel concurrently through Cedartown.
 * in Lithia Springs. The highways travel concurrently to Druid Hills.
 * in Atlanta
 * in Atlanta. The highways travel concurrently through Atlanta.
 * in Atlanta. US 29/US 278 travels concurrently to Druid Hills.
 * in Atlanta. The highways travel concurrently to Druid Hills.
 * in Belvedere Park
 * southeast of Lithonia. The highways travel concurrently to Covington.
 * south of Social Circle
 * in Madison. The highways travel concurrently to northeast of Madison.
 * in Barnett
 * southeast of Thomson. The highways travel concurrently to Clearwater, South Carolina.
 * in Harlem
 * in Augusta
 * in Augusta. The highways travel concurrently to Clearwater, South Carolina.
 * in Augusta. The highways travel concurrently to North Augusta, South Carolina.

 * South Carolina
 * in North Augusta
 * in Allendale. The highways travel concurrently through Allendale.
 * in Fairfax
 * in Hampton. The highways travel concurrently through Hampton.
 * in Ridgeland. The highways travel concurrently to Hardeeville.
 * in Hardeeville
 * in Hilton Head Island.

title: U.S. Route 278


text:
Category talk:Chefs

[Untitled]
Might should this be changed to "Cooks", because technically a chef is only the head cook of a large establishment which, for instance, Julia Child is not. - Centrx 02:00, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I quite agree, something like this needs to be done. See my comment on my user page under 'To Do'. Kymara 14:30, 11 May 2006 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Chefs


text:
Category talk:Television presenters

Might should this be changed to "Television personalities", because that is more accurate to what this category is, for not all of these people are presenting anything, rather hosting, evangelizing (in subcat "Television evangelists"), etc. - Centrx 02:01, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Work needed to move Canadians out of this parent category
I've created the subcategory Category:U.S. television presenters and moved the entries here into it where appropriate. If any decision is made on renaming to personalities, please drop me a line on my talk page and I'll adjust entries accordingly.

A majority of the entries left here are also listed under the subcategory Category:Canadian television personalities, but I don't want to delete them from here because some of them may also be well known as US personalities as well. Could someone in the US please check through, and remove them from this category or move them to be also in the Category:U.S. television presenters. Those who are German etc should stay here until we have enough from a given country to warrent creating more subcategories.-gadfium 00:58, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Television presenters


text:
Talk:Ze'ev Jabotinsky

}

Fabricated Quote
I removed the following because it does not appear in Jabotinsky's editorial of that date and title. http://jabotinsky.org/jabo_multimedia/articlesl/hebrew/%D7%AA%201919_9.pdf

"Internationally, we will announce that those Jews who do not remove the rust of the exile from themselves and refuse to shave their beard and sidelocks (payos) will be second class citizens. They will not be given the right to vote." (From "Outside the encampment" Ha'aretz Newspaper 22 Oct 1919)" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84silence (talk • contribs) 04:13, 2 November 2014 (UTC)

Edit request
Could the section about the unit that he started be changed from saying several hundred Jews to several hundred Jewish men? It's more accurate and less sexist.

The foundation of the Irgun
The Irgun was founded by people that left the Hagana, later people that were inspired by Jabotinsky took over the organization. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tzvi23 (talk • contribs) 13:07, 18 January 2011 (UTC)

Pro-Israel Bias?
Im changing the wordings of "Palestine Mandate" and "Land of Israel" to just "Palestine". It seems more appropiate, and fair and balanced. The other two wordings have a pro-Israel slant.

 * I have no problem with using "Palestine" when referring to the period the land was under British mandate. However, I object to calling it "Palestine" while it was under Turkish rule. While the name "Palestine" survived in the West, neither Turks nor Arabs called the land by that name at that time. Besides, calling it "Palestine" post-marks history with the stamp of current politics, delegitimizing Jewish origins and hopes.

 * For all these reasons, I am changing "Palestine" back to "Land of Israel" when referring to the time of Turkish rule. 75.84.97.215 09:11, 5 May 2007 (UTC)
 * The territory was historically referred to as "Palestine", even before British rule. Even Zionists sometimes used this word ("בנק אנגלו-פלשתינה" -- bank anglo-palestina, which later became Bank Leumi).--Doron 19:43, 6 May 2007 (UTC)

 * The reason why it is important to use "Land of Israel" and not "Palestine" in this particular instance is that the first term acknowledges millennia of Jewish longing for the ancestral land and thus provides foundation for Zionism as a normal self-determination movement: people fighting for their right to live freely in land, just like most Europeans had done in the 19th and 20th centuries. Jabotinsky in particular was a follower of Italian Risorgimento, not the Nazi caricature his enemies have been trying to make of him.

 * However, using "Palestine" provides a false impression of deliberate occupation of someone else's land to which Jews have no legitimacy whatsoever. Whether this is the impression you'd like to create or not, it is a false one. Jewish longing for this land and for the end of the exile is millennia old, and pretending otherwise distorts the picture.

 * The land was first known as Canaan. Its western part was inhabited by people known in Hebrew as Plishtim, from which words "Palestinian" and "Palestine" originate. Its eastern part was known as Land of Israel (ארץ ישראל). Only after the destruction of the Second Temple in 79 AD was the name "Palestine" spread to the entire land by Romans. The name was remembered in the West, but largely forgotten in the Middle East, at any rate by the time of the Turkish rule.

 * It is true that Zionists often called the land "Palestine." Not only Bank Anglo-Palestina, but also Palestine Symphony Orchestra and Palestine Gazette were Jewish, and Jews in the land were routinely called Palestinians. And local Arabs were simply called Arabs. With no objections from Arabs themselves. It was only after establishment of Israel in 1948, when the word "Israeli" has reappeared, that the local (and often non-local) Arabs started referring to themselves as "Palestinians." This was and remains nothing more than part of a plot to de-legitimize all Jewish aspirations, destroy Israel and exterminate all Israeli Jews.

"There are no differences between Jordanians, Palestinians, Syrians and Lebanese. We are all part of one nation. It is only for political reasons that we carefully underline our Palestinian identity, because it is in the interest of the Arabs to encourage a separate Palestinian identity in contrast to Zionism. Yes, the existence of a separate Palestinian identity is there only for tactical reasons. The establishment of a Palestinian state is a new expedient to continue the fight against Zionism and for Arab unity."

- Zuheir Mohsein, Member of the Supreme Council of the PLO. From Trouw (Dutch newspaper) March 31, 1977

"There is no such country as 'Palestine'; 'Palestine' is a term the Zionists invented!"

- Auni Bey Abdul-Hadi to the Pell Commission in 1937

"It is common knowledge that Palestine is nothing but southern Syria."

- Ahmed Shuqeiri, in a statement to the UN Security Council in 1949

 * It is not up to me to tell whether in some colloquial language the word "Falastin" survived before it was re-established by Jews coming to the land in late 19th century. Colloquial uses aside, the land Jabotinsky dedicated his life to restoring is the ancestral Jewish land, and therefore the term "Land of Israel" is most appropriate here.

 * I will wait for several days for your reply. If none comes, I will restore "Land of Israel" in the two places it refers to the land under Turkish control. 75.84.97.215 08:19, 8 May 2007 (UTC)

First, thank you for discussing this on the talk page, the constant edit-warring that goes on in Middle East articles has become very frustrating. Now, it is not true that the name "Palestine" only refers to the period of British rule, it is the most commonly used term in the literature for several centuries back. The name Land of Israel refers in the literature most commonly to ancient times (except for Zionist literature, which Wikipedia is not). If you are quoting the words of Jabotinsky as he refers to the country as the Land of Israel, then that is acceptable of course, but otherwise the phrasing of the article should reflect common usage.--Doron 23:28, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

 * You are welcome. But this is the whole issue: which literature? Western literature did refer to it as Palestine. However, I am not aware of any Arabic or Turkish literature using that term. Jewish literature (Yiddish as well as Hebrew, non-Zionist as well as Zionist) refered to it as "the Land of Israel," "Palestine" and "the Holy Land." (For example, Sholom Aleichem in "Tevye the Dairyman" has a chapter "Tevye leaves for the Land of Israel, but within the chapter uses all three terms.)

 * Perhaps the last term, which was used by nearly everyone, is the best. It sounds neutral and nonprejudicial. After all, the land is holy to all 3 religions. 75.84.97.215 09:31, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

 * I think that using the same word consistently will be easier for readers to understand. It isn't really relevant but in Mandel, "Zionism and the Arabs", he notes that Arabs used "Filastin" in the late 19th century.  More importantly, the European Zionists also called it Palestine and called themselves "Palestinians".  One of the quotations the Oxford English Dictionary gives to illustrate the history of the word "Palestinian" is a 1906 newspaper article: "Territorialists..flooded the hall with leaflets declaring that 200 Russian Palestinians were illegally present.".  Another example is Bulletin de l`Alliance Israélite Universelle which uses "Palestine" frequently starting in 1863. It would be interesting to look at Jabotinsky's own writings ca. WWI to see what he called the place.  It would be necessary to look at the original language as translators often translate Eretz Yisrael into Palestine. --Zerotalk 10:41, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

 * I just found out that Jabotinsky used the word "Palestine." In article "Four Sons" written in 1911, he writes, "And tell him further how gaily the colonist's children are chattering in this language in Palestine." I took this quote from http://www.jabotinsky.org/jaboworld.html, but verified it with the original Russian text I have (V. Jabotinsky. Articles. St-Petersburg, 1913 / Вл. Жаботинский. Фельетоны. С-Перетбург, 1913), and it does say, "И еще расскажите ему, как бойко и весело щебечут на этом языке дети палестинского колониста..." (original for the translation above).75.84.97.215 04:46, 24 May 2007 (UTC)

As elsewhere on Wikipedia, I think the only relevant question is what is the common English term, since this is the English Wikipedia, regardless of what it is called in Hebrew, Arabic or Turkish. Naturally, it is called ארץ ישראל in the Hebrew Wikipedia, regardless of how it is called in other languages, and I would imagine the Arabic and Turkish Wikipedia don't give any weight to how the country is called in Hebrew. I agree with Zero that only one term should be used to avoid confusion, which is just as well, because the term "Palestine" was in common usage in the English literature throughout Jabotinsky's lifetime, including the Ottoman period.--Doron 16:48, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Torah Umadda
"He is also seen within the Modern Orthodox world as a symbol of Torah Umadda" - a source is needed for this, since Jabotinsky was a "thoroughly secular atheist" ( and plenty of other sources). --Zero 14:12, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

Jabotinsky believed in G-D. He states this in the Iron Wall, he was secular-orientated, yet not athestic at all. Thus, his teachings are promoted in many Yeshivot around Israel & Diaspora

Regarding Jabotinsky's alleged atheism, his article "Four Sons" speaks of his profound understanding of the "Four Sons" story traditionally read on Pesach (Passover). I have see no evidence of atheism in any of his writings, and someone merely calling him "atheist" proves nothing. Clearly he was not a religious fanatic, but that does not mean he was atheist.

Mussolini and Jabotinsky?
According to the edition made in Polish Wikipedia, in 1934 Jabotinsky obtain help from fascist regime in Italia. Fascist militia was conducting military training of young Zionists from his organization. Can any one confirm this information? Superborsuk 22:31, 16 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I can't confirm it definitively, but it would fit. Keep in mind that, entirely unlike Hitler, Mussolini was not an anti-Semite. I've seen some sort of liaison with Fascist Italy alluded to in what I would consider reliable sources (including the essay I mention in the next section), but I've never seen anything that had that as its focus. - Jmabel | Talk 15:53, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Sources for this include Shavit's book on the Revisionist movement. There's also an article on the topic that I didn't read yet: Vincenzo Pinto, Between imago and res: The Revisionist–Zionist Movement's Relationship with Fascist Italy, 1922–1938, Israel Affairs, Volume 10, Number 3 / Spring 2004, 91-109. --Zerotalk 08:23, 3 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I've read that Betar maintained a training ship in Italy, but I can't remember the source at the moment! --Ian Pitchford 14:57, 3 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm no expert on this but the historian Bernard Wasserstein, in his 2007 book Barbarism and Civilization (page 245/6), says "Even the Jews generated a quasi-Fascist movement, the Revisionist Zionist Party, later known as the New Zionist Organization, led by Vladimir Jabotinsky and popular in Poland in the 1930s." Thomas Peardew (talk) 08:56, 1 April 2018 (UTC)

 * I wouldn't like to be misrepresent Wasserstein here. We tend to use "fascist" and "nazi" as synonyms nowadays, but Wasserstein in the passage from which the quote comes is specifically discussing Europe's "Little Dictators" (and not Germany), and the comparison is to Mussolini's Italian Fascism specifically and not to nazism.Thomas Peardew (talk) 09:58, 1 April 2018 (UTC)

 * I similarly am not an expert, but there there is a relevant journalistic report ostensibly written in Tel Aviv, published in the "International Council Correspondence", Chicago, USA, Vol. III, No. 4, April 1937. It is called The Brownshirts of Zionism by Abner Barnatan (a pseudonism of Walter Aubach), wherein the author compares Jabotinsky's revisionism, its organisation, and political tactics with those of various European Fascist Movements. Interestingly, Aubach explicitly compares Revisionism to 'Hitlerism', writing

'The Revisionists organized strike breakers, their activities resulting in pressing on the wage standard. Parading their Brown-shirts thru the streets, they did everything to provoke the workers. They attacked meetings (a meeting in honor of Brailsford, the English Socialist, was bombarded with stones by their hooligans) and organized gangs to beat up political opponents. Some years ago terrorist groups belonging to their party were discovered in Jerusalem and in Tel Aviv. In 1933 the Revisionist speakers and newspapers conducted an incredible campaign of slander, on the lines of the recent Salengro campaign in France, against Dr. Arlosoroff, then leader of the Labor Party and prominent member of the Zionist Executive. On June 15, the Revisionist Organ culminated its "mud-slinging' campaign by depicting him as a"traitor to the Jewish People, its honor and security". Thirty hours later he (Dr. Arlosoroff) was dead - assassinated in Tel Aviv, the 100% Jewish town.

Similar tactics are employed outside of Palestine. The spread of anti-semitism is welcomed by the Revisionists. They do not fight it. Rather they utilize it to further their own ends. While a wave of persecution and torture swept Germany after the Hitler coup, Jabotinsky made a speech in public in Berlin which was nothing less than a wholesale indictment of the Socialists within the Zionist movement. The aforementioned Hebrew Organ of the Revisionists, the "Hasit Ha'am", 1933, glorified Hitler and presented his movement as a shining example to Zionism. They admire Mussolini and Franco.

In Germany the Revisionists carried out raids on labor clubs. In other countries they perform attacks on Socialists. In other words, the peculiar "spirit" and methods of the Brownshirts are shown to be quite compatible with Judaism. Revisionism proper might be described, to use a mathematical formula, as "Zionism plus Hitlerism", or as "Hitlerism minus Anti-semitism".'

Though the comparison is rightly crass in our times and Aubach demonstrates racism both toward Eastern European and Mizrahi (in his words 'Oriental') Jews, and Arab Palestinians, it is of historical interest that before the Shoah such direct comparisons between Jabotinky's revisionism and Fascism (whether Italian or Nazi) were being drawn.

(82.36.107.129 (talk) 20:34, 21 May 2018 (UTC))

Excellent essay on Jabotinsky
I just read what struck me as an excellent essay on Jabotinsky: Nominally, it is a book review of a translation of Jabotinsky's novel The Five, and to some extent it is that, but that's more a point of departure than anything else. Despite The Nation's left-leaning politics, it is by no means a hostile essay.
 * Jacqueline Rose, "The Zionist Imagination", The Nation, June 26, 2006, p. 27-34.

For various reasons, I don't feel I'm a particularly good person to write this article, but I strongly urge whoever is working on it to read the piece; I suspect it is worth mining. - Jmabel | Talk 15:53, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I disagree. The article is very well written and well researched. However, Jacqueline Rose brought with her a whole set of preconceived notions: that Zionism is a failure, that 'persecution' of 'Palestinians' is what really matters and persecution of Jews is not worthy of attention, that Jews are under obligation to choose victimhood and death rather than any sort of injustice towards anyone else.

 * Jacqueline Rose is a professor of English and Drama at Queen Mary, University of London. She is an author of "The Question of Zion" (2005), where she undertakes to save Judaism from Zionism and concludes that Israel is a betrayal of Jewish history and the Jewish heritage and adoption of all that is, historically and morally, un-Jewish. She spoke for the motion "Zionism today is the real enemy of the Jews" in a debate that took place on Jan. 25, 2005 (the eve of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau) at the Royal Geographical Society in London, where she said: "How can the creation of a Jewish nation on the back of the suffering, the humiliation of another people, not be dangerous for the Jews?.. [Treatment of the Palestinian people in 1948] was ethnic cleansing... I urge you to support us; if you do, you will be sending a message to all around the world that the Jewish people did not survive attempted genocide to become the brutal oppressors of another people. Enough, no more, there is a better ethic, and there can be a better, safer, future for the Jews."

 * All this puts a major slant on everything in the article. It is a subtle essay, not a hate-filled rant, yet I think it is quite hostile and prejudiced.

Fascism
This 2024 Article in The American Prospect https://prospect.org/world/2024-02-21-neglected-history-state-of-israel/ goes into considerable detail about the connections between Jabotinsky, Revisionism, and Fascism. The idea in the original article that he was a "liberal democrat" who favored rights for the Palestinian Arabs in the imperial Israel of his dream is preposterous when looking at the Revisionist record and what their current leadership, under Netanyahu, has been doing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Isdnip (talk • contribs) 03:48, 27 February 2024 (UTC)

It documented that Jabotinsky was a fascist. There are claims that he twice tried to join the Nazi Party, but I have not confirmed this. He is, however, the inspiration for the Israeli Likud party. Were the nazi claim to be true, this would be very interesting. More research on this will follow. --Ibykus prometheus 22:42, 30 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Never heard of him trying to join the Nazi party, and I seriously doubt it. If there is any truth at all to this, Lenny Brenner's book "The Iron Wall" should have it. I didn't look.  --Zerotalk 08:12, 3 September 2006 (UTC)

 * On Jabotinsky being fascist. I do not know about the Mussolini connection, so there could be something with regard to support for early Italian fascism. Even this is implausible, since Jabotinsky was a great admirer of Italian Risorgimento, which is quite far from fascism. Beyond that, there is no doubt about Jabotinsky's hatred for Nazis, nazism and Hitler, as well as Mussolini after allignment with Hitler. It is true that David Ben Gurion used to refer to Jabotinsky as "Vladimir Hitler," but that speaks about Ben Gurion, not Jabotinsky. It is also true that many call Jabotinsky a "Nazi" simply because they hate him or the Jewish people in general, but in their lexicon it is just a swear word or a smearing tactic. If there were any real connection between Jabotinsky and fascism or nazism, they would have found it out long ago.
 * I have a reference here that shows that Jabotinsky was indeed at the very least sympathetic to Nazism. http://lw.palestineremembered.com/Acre/Famous-Zionist-Quotes/Story640.html

The fact is that there was a rather significant collaboration between Zionists and the Nazis because both are racially oriented ideologies that favor the creation of an ethnically homogeneous state so it makes logical sense that they would form an alliance of convenience. There are other facts besides the documented evidence of Nazi-Zionist collaboration that show this. For instance, at the Nurenberg trials Streicher is on record saying that he felt Jews had to be taken as a model for other races with their refusal to mix.There are also records showing that the SS smuggled guns and provisions to the Haganah. Although most Jews probably dislike hearing this it does not mean the facts are not there--Spitzer19 (talk) 03:19, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Actually the "facts" are not there. The URL above pretends to show Jabotinsky in his "fascist uniform" which was actually his uniform for the Zion Mule Corps in World War I. Jabotinsky never met Mussolini and he insisted on a total boycott of Hitler's Germany. That's why he was so strongly against the Transfer Agreement. Hecht (talk) 07:05, 18 March 2008 (UTC)

 * True, Jabotinsky and Mussolini never met, although he was sent by the WZO to lobby Mussolini for support for the British mandate but the meeting never happened. Jabotinsky did write to Mussolini to attempt to move him away from Arab nationalists and to align with Zionism. All this is consistent with Revisionist policy, which is first a foremost a pure form of Zionism,. Alliances or attempts at alliances are always pragmatic in the cause of the Zionist project. The Revisionists played the Italian card at a time when it seemed Italy might eclipse the British. Jabotinsky did promise Mussolini that the Zionists would advance Italian interests in the Middle East. All the comparisons of the VJ and the Revisionists to fascists tend to leave out the realpolitik generally involved (including considerations of the fate of Italian Jews). The Revisionists were defimnitely a far-right wing of the WZO, whether they were fascists is a matter of opinion. Lenni Brenner documents aspects that he considers fascistic, such as Jabotinsky's proposals to ban strikes in a Jewish state. But this too needs to be seen in the light of his pure Zionism (he opposed any mixture with, eg, socialism/communism), in which there would be no need for divisions amongst Jews. To the extent that this mirrors fascist ideology, or Afrikaner nationalism, is a matter of open debate. Boodlesthecat Meow? 14:50, 25 March 2008 (UTC)

 * It isn't a matter of open debate. The basis of fascism is nationalist dictatorship. Show me where Jabotinsky called for a nationalist dictatorship. Hecht (talk) 17:35, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

 * This is many years later. The URL is in fact an Arab propaganda site full of lies and slandersEricl (talk) 23:58, 22 August 2014 (UTC)

Anglophile or Italophile
Jabotinsky was not so much an Anglophile as an Italophile. His youth was spent in Italy, he spoke Italian like a native and loved the country. He was in awe of Italian Risorgimento and often referred to Giuseppi Garibaldi with admiration. For example, in the article "Our Everyday Event" (Russian: Наше бытовое явление), he writes that in comparison with Jewish survival of two-thousand-year-old persecution, "even the resurrection of Italy look small." His article "Obscurantist" (Russian: Мракобес) is basically a non-stop praise of Garibaldi.

It is true that Jabotinsky for a while put his trust in England, especially after the signing of the Balfour Declaration of 1917. Yet he always maintained that small element of doubt that allowed him to remain in contact with reality. When he saw that England is turning its back on Jews, he turned his back on England. His main goal always was to establish a modern Jewish state, with or without the aid of the British Empire.

Jabotinsky Medal
I was very surprised that there was no WP article ON THE MEDAL CREATED IN HIS HONOR.
 * So I've started a STUB on it.
 * Can I get some help in expanding the article on the Jabotinsky Medal?
 * Yours truly, Ludvikus 16:40, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

Odd article
What an odd article! You don't really get any flavour of the guy. There's not even any mention of Petliura, which was a bit of a cause infame at the time. Given the importance of understanding revisionist Zionism in understanding the policies of Likud and similar nationalist groups, it's all a bit odd. Grace Note 04:53, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

Member of the Order of the British Empire?
This article claims that Jabotinsky was awarded the MBE (see intro). Oddly, I couldn't find any other reference to this on the Internet (except, of course, on mirrors of this Wikipedia article). It may or may not be true, but it seems to be, in the current state of the article, an unsourced statement. Can anyone provide a reliable source (for or against the claim)? --- Hillel 15:39, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I should add that this MBE claim is most likely true, as multiple sources state that he was decorated for barvery by the british around 1918 . --- Hillel 17:29, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

 * He is listed as decorated in the post World War I "British Jewry Book of Honour" .p.165 "Record of Honours".

It's true! It isn't usually an award for bravery, so more likely he got it for organizing the Jewish Legion. The proof can be seen here, if that humungous link works. If not, go here and search for "Jabotinsky" with "all" in both menus. In the London Gazette of 12 Dec 1919, in a section "To be members of the military division of the said Most Excellent Order" there is a listing "Jabotinsky, Hon. Lt. Vladimir, Spec. List.". --Zerotalk 13:05, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

Camp Jabotinsky
"Today in Upstate New York the militant Jewish Defense Organization runs a training camp named after him called Camp Jabotinsky. There young Jews learn gun training, security and how to protect Jews from attack."

That second line is incredibly biased; there's a militant organization conducting training in upstate New York. Keep in mind that this would be called a madrassa or terrorist training camp if they were Muslim, and it's called "learning to protect" here...
 * agreed; one shudders to think what really goes on at "Camp Jabotinsky". feel free to do some research & provide a more "encyclopedic" description. Whiskey Pete 01:35, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

That is not true at all, you don't know what goes on in the camp, why would you think that they are learning in Camp Jabotinksy to do bad things. There is nothing wrong with learning how to protect themselves. It is the same in every military base, they must learn to protect themselves if there is a war.John26razor (talk) 20:17, 9 June 2008 (UTC)

Photo
May be better use this

photo? Sorry for my english :) --Ergil 06:06, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

Vladimir?
Hey. What's the story behind his name? Did he officially change to Zeev? If so, then why is his previous name written? Northern 11:05, 14 November 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't have any inside knowledge about why his parents named him Ze'ev (which means "wolf" in Hebrew), but it is customary for Jews to give their children Hebrew names at the circumcision ceremony. Presumably he had a grandfather or uncle named Ze'ev. In Russia, he used Vladimir, but in Israel, he was known by his Hebrew name.--Gilabrand 12:00, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
 * In any case what is Ukrainian to do with it? Why it is mentioned before Russian or at all? 87.228.120.57 (talk) 03:38, 19 May 2012 (UTC)

Our article says he "took a Hebrew name—Vladimir became Ze'ev ("wolf")" about 1903, suggesting it was not a given name, but no source is given. Schechtmann's biography "Rebel and Statesman" (1950) that covers those years in great detail mentions many of his pseudonyms, but the name Ze'ev appears only once in the book, in the Introduction. It is actually very hard to find it used in English before his death. In Hebrew, I found it in Doar Hayom starting in 1924. Zerotalk 15:08, 19 May 2012 (UTC)

Burial
"was buried in New Montefiore cemetery in New York rather than in Palestine, in accordance with the statement in his will"

This is poorly put, and only question-begging. Jabotinsky had suffered a permanent ban from Palestine in 1930. The option of being buried in Palestine did not exist at the time. He was buried outside, in this instance, in New Montefiore cemetery, not because this was 'in accordance' with his will, last testament, but simply because he died in the US.

Something along the lines. 'was buried in New Montefiore cemetery, NY. In his will, he expressed the desire to be buried in Palestine only when it should acquire the status of a Jewish state.' etc.Nishidani (talk) 19:24, 17 September 2008 (UTC)

Irgun? Terrorist Organization?
The Irgun page has a paragraph listing the accusations of terrorism. As such, would it be appropriate to call the Irgun a terrorist organization here? I would normally consider 10 sources describing the Irgun as a terrorist organization (cited in the Irgun page cite-notes 1-10) enough, but this could be quite contentious. I'll probably switch from 'underground' to 'terrorist' unless someone gives me an argument against this switch within a few days. Saganatsu (talk) 00:21, 3 June 2009 (UTC)
 * WP policy strongly discourages making such a change. Except for the few, limited exceptions described, WP cannot use such labels in its own voice, and more neutral terms are preferable.  The Irgun page refers to the accusations and cites them, but otherwise avoids the contentious terms.  It would be appropriate to follow suit here by leaving things be. Hertz1888 (talk) 02:10, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

Thank you, Sorry for the trouble. Saganatsu (talk) 15:49, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

Off-topic: 'Better to have a gun...' quote
I happened across this page when trying to identify the source of the quote "[It is] better to have a gun and not need it than to need [it/a gun] and not have [it/one]." Sounds like John Wayne; lots of online references to the movie True Romance so Christian Slater trumps Ze'ev there (which is preposterous). So far, Ze'ev predates all. But does the quip hail back farther?

N.B. Glad to have learned about Jabotinsky, much more valuable info than what brought me here. Greg 21:14, 14 September 2011 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Dwegowy (talk • contribs)

 * It's such an trivial thought! Is it really worth researching who may have said it when? Wegesrand (talk) 07:40, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

Quote added by Winston S Smith
I can not find any academic sources to justify the addition of the quote added by Winston S Smith. In order to avoid an edit war i would like to know if i am allowed to remove the quote for the third time or what the process is for challenging the quote of questionable authenticity? Thank you. ~Moshe Moshekaye (talk) 00:02, 13 September 2013 (UTC)

 * While Winston S Smith's comments of "Zionist ideological control" are rather absurd, I agree with him on the issue. Of his three sources, Weitzfeld's Nation, Society and the State is self-published and likely not a reliable source. I have similar doubts about the Daily Kos. Ralph Schoenman's book, as reproduced on Marxists.org, is another matter: It's not self-published, and Schoenman in turn cites a book published with Zed Books for that quote. Those are reliable sources by Wikipedia's standards. Huon (talk) 01:55, 13 September 2013 (UTC)

and this is what makes Wikipedia USELESS as a source for historical information. You are going to allow an obvious outright lie to exist on wikipedia based on a small marginal biased publisher. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Moshekaye (talk • contribs) 02:12, 13 September 2013 (UTC)

 * I don't think that publisher is "marginal," considering the amount of Wikipedia that is based on it alone. For any article about America, race, or feminism, cultural Marxism is the rule. What makes you think that that quote is an "obvious outright lie?" Could you not imagine Jabotinsky saying it? Zionism is based on racial nationalism. After World War Two the organized Jewish community in America decided that "racism" was bad, as they wanted to flood America with third world immigrants and enforce integration. But they continued to support the racist Zionist project. So they had to pretend that Zionism wasn't racism. So they tried their best to purge the history books of evidence of Zionist racism and portray the Jews as the victim. Luckily for Americans, though, some Marxists aren't total hypocrites, and are willing to call Zionism out for being racist.Winston S Smith (talk) 03:20, 13 September 2013 (UTC)

The quotation is based on a genuine source but is constructed from several passages glued together. I will replace it with a correct text and a better source. Incidentally while many people would join Moshekaye in doubting that Jabotinsky could have written such a thing, in fact it is perfectly typical for the time period. There are many similar examples from early Zionist literature. It wasn't unique to Zionism either; on the contrary there was no odor attached to concepts like "racial purity" and a large number of writers of all persuasions discussed them openly. Zerotalk 10:52, 13 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Although I copied the text directly from Brenner (as cited), almost all of it can be verified in "Israel among the nations : selection of Zionist texts" (ed. Zvi Zohar; Jerusalem : World Zionist Organization, Organization Department, Research Section, 1966), by searching for snippets here. There is also a discussion of the document in this book. Zerotalk 12:18, 13 September 2013 (UTC)

Request for Comments
There is an RfC on the question of using "Religion: None" vs. "Religion: None (atheist)" in the infobox on this and other similar pages.

The RfC is at Template talk:Infobox person.

Please help us determine consensus on this issue. --Guy Macon (talk) 05:39, 24 April 2015 (UTC)

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Pronunciation
I am skeptical of the /j/ in the cited pronunciations from dictionary.com. I have only ever heard Jabotinsky (or Zhabotinsky) pronounced with a /ʒ/ (in Hebrew and Russian) or /d͡ʒ/ (in English). I will wait to revert the change by to  if you want time to look into this. Hftf (talk) 03:26, 10 August 2019 (UTC)
 * The change was supported by a published source that recommends the /j/ pronunciation. You would have to find another source that lists a different English pronunciation, in order to maintain verifiability. Zerach (talk) 08:09, 10 August 2019 (UTC)
 * There are many English sources meeting your requirements according to one Google search of including:
 * []    Ze'ev Jabotinsky (jah-bow-TIN-skee) founded Revisionist Zionism
 * [] Jabotinsky, Ze'ev (1880-1940) (pron. zha-bo-TEEN-skee; anglicized ja-bo-TIN-skee)
 * []    Russian-born Zionist leader, Ze'ev Jabotinsky (Zha-boh-TIN-skee) (1880–1940)
 * []   Jabotinsky, Vladimir (zha-buh-TIN-skee): Founder of the Revisionist (right-wing) Zionist movement
 * These encylopedias and dictionary.com are clearly copying the same mistake:
 * [] Academic American Encyclopedia: [yab-uh-tin-skee']. Vladimir Jabotinsky
 * [] Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Jabotinsky \ˌyab-ə-ˈtin-skē\, Vladimir (1880-1940) Russian.
 * Hftf (talk) 18:51, 10 August 2019 (UTC)

Hear how the COO of the Jabotinsky Institute pronounces it in English:. This surprised me. Zerotalk 21:03, 10 August 2019 (UTC)

Kahane:. Zerotalk 21:05, 10 August 2019 (UTC)

Bibi in Hebrew: Zerotalk 21:17, 10 August 2019 (UTC)

World War 1 Military Career
Hi, I don't know if this is the right place to mention this but the "World War 1 Military Career" chapter has nothing to do with Ze'ev Jabotinsky, it's about Donald Trump. Jonyx66 (talk) 10:30, 16 November 2023 (UTC)

 * Donald Trump? IOHANNVSVERVS (talk) 01:04, 18 February 2024 (UTC)

Irgun's Terrorist History as it Pertains to its Leader, Vladimir Jabotinsky.
Seems like some people here want to rewrite history.

Vladimir founded the Irgun, and it is indisputably a terrorist organization.

I'm looking at a released CIA document right now that states, "...collected funds for the support of their "humanitarian" undertaking. These funds have largely been used to train and equip with arms the members of the society and to defray the costs of terrorist activities."

The society being referred to is the Irgun. The document is titled, and is cited and linked on my revision,"THE OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES OF THE IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI" Top of page 4, and you'll find it.

Other legitimate sources, a litany of which I've provided, and some of which are found on government websites, are all cited.

So where is the dispute stemming from?

Edit:I'm trying to resolve this dispute through the talk page as Wikipedia recommends. I'm not receiving any engagement, and I'm still not seeing how my citations are considered illegitimate. Anyone care to debate. 2601:2C7:8580:4920:50EA:87EB:6B19:628F (talk) 19:11, 1 May 2024 (UTC)

 * I see you now have an account, which has been blocked. One of your CIA sources is from Penthouse (magazine) by a US Senator. This is not a document produced by the CIA itself. Instead the article made its way into a CIA file somehow, as a lot of press clippings and so forth did in the pre-internet era, even dissenting and dissident opinions. Basically some analyst or something thought it was interesting. And then a FOIA request caused it to be released in this state, with all the government markings and so forth written on it. What you have demonstrated is an inability to understand our sourcing policy or even to recognised what the source actually was.  Doug Weller  talk 07:42, 4 May 2024 (UTC)
 * And yet have to partially agree here. The proscription of Irgun is common fact. Iskandar323 (talk) 09:37, 4 May 2024 (UTC)
 * @Iskandar323 Agreed. The issue is how we describe him. See Osama Bin Laden who we don't call a terrorist. The faq there says " Wikipedia has a guideline discouraging the use of words such as "terrorist", especially if it is improperly sourced. This is not an indication of condoning "terrorist" activities, but of neutrality, and avoidance of passing judgment, affirming, or denying. A consensus was reached on this talk page that bin Laden could be described as being on the FBI's list of Most Wanted Terrorists, and a target in the War on Terror. Please debate the merit of the guideline at Wikipedia talk:Words to avoid, not here." Doug Weller  talk 11:34, 4 May 2024 (UTC)
 * We can use the language of proscription and classification without debate. Iskandar323 (talk) 11:51, 4 May 2024 (UTC)

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