text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Heron programming language/Original phase

Vanity project, nonnotable programming language. Google search for Heron "programming language" yields 915 hits, most of which are for the project website or directories or link lists, as well as many accidental hits (e.g., programs for Heron's formula or computers named "heron"). No evidence that Heron has any programmers other than its creator. Project web site doesn't claim anyone else is using Heron. Wile E. Heresiarch 01:58, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Re-listed on vfd due to a deadlocked discussion -- Graham ☺ | Talk 22:50, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. If Heron someday becomes widely-used, Mr. Diggins or another programmer is welcome to recreate the article.  Until then, the language's lack of notability warrants deletion of this article.  Spectatrix 02:46, 2004 Jul 11 (UTC)
 * Neutral Delete. Appears to be a real language, and I'm not sure that this language is any worse than many of the other dubious entries in the List of programming languages.  Agreed however that it appears to be new and the author is possibly using Wikipedia for advertising.  It's a toss-up for me, as it's hard to judge whether a programming language is encyclopedic using the same criteria that would be applied for other articles.  Development technologies are just so fleeting. -- Stevietheman 03:42, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * The language is completely open source, and could easily be taken by anyone in the future and developed further if they care to. Open source software is in the public domain and can not be removed, thus negating the argument that Heron may be considered fleeting Christopher Diggins 21:26, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Neutral. Difficult to tell if it is more that original research. It would not bother me if we keep it, but I can also live without it. --Alexandre 08:53, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It may be marginally notable at the moment but mentioning the author looks pretty pov. Cutler 21:26, Jul 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. He created his own personal page, too. Ambivalenthysteria 23:45, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I support deletion of the Christopher Diggins page, I created it because I could. Christopher Diggins 21:26, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Changing vote to keep, with pov-cleanup. Still support deletion of Christopher Diggins until such a time as Heron gains notability. Spectatrix 23:56, 2004 Jul 11 (UTC)
 * Keep. Borderline, the fact that it seems to be a good article sways me. Andrewa 02:59, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * It doesn't bother you that the author is the sole programmer of this language? Sorry, I have to ask. Wile E. Heresiarch 03:41, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Definitely not. A language can have one primary author and become ubiquitous and used by millions. So can an operating system kernel like a silly penguin-picture vanity project called Linux. Jamesday 04:44, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * You seem to have missed the point. Diggins is the only author of this language -- no problem. He is also, apparently, the only person who ever wrote a program in this language. Until, of course, he gets his pals Skrud and Kriggs to write "Hello, world". Wile E. Heresiarch 11:53, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * You don't know that. Heck I don't even know that. I know there has been 10,000 visitors to http://www.heron-language.com so I think a few people may have written Heron programs by now. My response was not dignified and regrettable Christopher Diggins 21:26, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Programming languages tend not to be ephemeral, and sometime in the distant future someone could run across some Heron code and wonder about the language. The article does need to be expanded, however. Withdrawn. I vote to delete. Jeeves 03:57, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Rebuttal, from originator (who is thus ineligible to vote). I am, of course, using Wikipedia for self serving purposes, as are many other contributors. That should not change the outcome of these proceedings. The votes expressed up to this point have not indicated any special consideration of programming language design, theory or history, nor has any one seem to have done any particular background research on Heron itself. Voting upon a programming language entry in this manner is a joke, and I refuse to participate further. In protest of people forcing their behaviour models on me I also continue to refuse to create an account. Christopher Diggins 66.130.152.126 04:24, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC) I have decided to participate properly by creating a user account and behaving myself Christopher Diggins 21:26, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * [Moved (along w/ following note), annotated, vote struck thru by Jerzy(t) 05:58, 2004 Jul 12 (UTC)]
 * Christopher, if you have evidence of encyclopedic relevance to present to us, please do. I am a seasoned programmer, and I had never heard of Heron until this delete debate.  We want to be open-minded here. Further, refusing to open an account as a "protest" smacks as an ego issue in here; that is, that declaration only hurts your cause. Also, don't waste our time with sock puppets--we know who new users are. -- Stevietheman 13:59, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I did not create sock puppets as Wile has demonstrated. I resent the implication. I suggested to my friends to join and express an opinion. The votes should be based on the value of the entry rather than my personal actions or my disagreeable character, or my large ego. - Christopher Diggins 66.130.167.160 00:26, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * OK, I will assume no sock puppets. However, like it or not, ego is seen as an indicator in these proceedings--it often makes it clear the intentions of the article author.  But that all said, I'd be happy to entertain any information you can provide that supports the encyclopedic revelance of the article above what's already been said by others.  I'd be happy to change my vote from 'neutral' to 'keep' if it becomes warranted. -- Stevietheman 15:16, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * The case for the entry: Heron is more deserving of an entry as a programming language than some of the fake and joke languages listed on the esoteric programming language page. The entry is less self-serving than an entry in list of software companies, as well as the various commercial products references that are scattered throughout the programming language section pages. There have been many discussions of Heron on usenet . There is mention of Heron in Dr. Dobbs Journal . Heron has been discussed on several mailing lists, and I have given two seminars on it so far, with another one scheduled in October. I think the strongest argument for keeping Heron would be that it is open source, and contains some novel approaches to programming language design which could be useful to programmers and researchers looking for information on programming languages. The Heron documentation is a useful reference for people doing comparative studies of programming languages, and interested in alternative approaches to various programming paradigms such as AOP, OOP, DbC etc. Christopher Diggins 22:33, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Christopher, let me try to clarify what kind of evidence (speaking for myself here) could make Heron notable. Has Heron been adopted for a commercial project? Has some professor made his/her students do their classwork in Heron? Did someone write their dissertation about implementing some feature in Heron? That kind of active interest would boost the notability -- how far, well, depends. In closing, let me note that I have my own vanity project which I think is wonderful, and, yes, I've given seminars and written papers; it will get a WP article only when it gets enough attention from others (at present, not anywhere close, sadly). Fwiw, Wile E. Heresiarch 03:41, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * This set of rules along, would invalidate a large number of existing programming languages listed on Wikipedia. Should we delete those as well? Christopher Diggins 01:59, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Christopher, nothing you presented is convincing. The only two ideas in your presentation worth looking at were the first two footnote links.  The first link to a Google newsgroup search shows the top 9 articles coming from you, then the second link points to an article by you.  I agree with Wile that while the work you're doing is possibly very valuable, it doesn't hold encyclopedic relevance at this time.  Like Wile, I'm also pursuing what I think are great ideas and have a website to promote them; however, we realize our ideas aren't ready for inclusion in an encyclopedia.  Further, the first argument you made about other articles less deserving is like the universally unsound argument "others are breaking the rules, so why can't I?".  At any rate, I'm still looking forward to seeing some evidence of encyclopedic relevance. I've decided. -- Stevietheman 15:47, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * The so-called unsound argument I use about "breaking the rules", was brought up because precedent establishes new rules. If Heron is no less appropriate than many other listed programming languages, then should I start voting for their deletion? This would in my opinion be doing a disservice to the users of wikipedia. Christopher Diggins 01:59, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * No vote, as I know nothing and care little about programming languages (provided they continue to function properly). Moved this from below the footer section. Rhymeless 04:52, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I'm a programmer, I'd previously heard of it, it's been presented at at least one symposium in the field and it's unsurprising that those who don't follow programming language developments don't know what this or something like C# are and why they are of interest. It might fall into insignificance five years from now, in which case it'll be deletable then. Jamesday 04:44, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm changing my vote from Neutral to Delete based on this argument. Do a poll of programmers and I guarantee you nobody will have heard of Heron, while a vast majority will have heard of C#.  One symposium does not make an idea significant enough for inclusion here. -- Stevietheman 16:16, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, on advice of several specialists abv: the language deserves it, even though the contributor deserves to be spanked & sent home: "Don't. Pro. Test. At. Wiki. Pedia." --Jerzy(t) 05:58, 2004 Jul 12 (UTC)
 * I apologize, I accept that the VfD pages are not the correct forum for this kind of debate or protest. Christopher Diggins 21:26, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Perhaps a premature addition to Wikipedia, but I've seen the language and presentations on it, and it's existance is more warranted than it's removal. Kriggs 07:15, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * First edit by User:66.131.119.242. Presumably the same Kriggs who wrote, As a favour to my friend Christopher Diggins, please do me this favour in checking out Heron, a programming language from which I expect great things in the future. This is his main venture at the moment, and he is in need of more exposure. What are friends for, anyway? Wile E. Heresiarch 11:53, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't know if that necessarily disqualifies me, but if so, fine. But if I am his friend in the first place, it is because I found out about him through his language at a presentation he gave at Concordia university. And whether I am eligible to vote or not, my statement is, as far as I am allowed to claim, honest. Kriggs 20:00, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Heron has some interesting features despite the fact that it is still in development, and deserves a closer look. DrSkrud 07:48, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * First edit by User:DrSkrud. Presumably this is whoever hosts a blog which advertises Heron . Wile E. Heresiarch 11:53, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Naturally, because I'm interested in the language. You'll notice my blog also has various links to Wikipedia. DrSkrud 14:20, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Albeit minority language, beginning to come across the odd reference to it in various places. Sjc 08:01, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: The aggressive spamming of the VfD page, the stated goal of the article being "get some exposure," the fact that it's original research, all tell me that this is an attempt to turn Wikipedia into a platform for exposure. This is an ethical violation, IMO, and not much different from someone who repeatedly put up entry after entry for Coke C2 or something: delete this article and start afresh when the language establishes itself and no longer "needs some exposure." Geogre 18:38, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I did not spam the VfD pages. I encouraged my friends to vote, see democracy -- Christopher Diggins 66.130.167.160 00:26, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a place to place ads for your programming language. You'll know your work is encyclopedic when somebody besides you feels the need to write about your accomplishments. Until then, you're as unencyclopedic as the rest of us shmucks. :) --Fastfission 00:55, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree that I am unencyclopedic, and I support deletion of my personal page. I feel as the authour and leading authourity on Heron though I am the most qualified individual to write an entry on Heron. Christopher Diggins 21:26, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately, I think this would go against Wikipedia's policy of rejecting original research. We are only concerned with collecting consensus knowledge in an objective manner. While you may be the "most qualified" person to write about your language, that's what your web site is for. When the language you have created becomes significant in the computer programming world, an article will be written about it. We've thrown out many other articles about the projects of individuals which haven't yet become high-profile enough to warrant inclusion. I agree with Geogre's sentiments above. Jeeves 09:10, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep . The language serves as a useful implementation for Object_oriented_programming, Generic_programming, Meta_programming, Aspect_oriented_programming and Design_by_contract.  These are all topics that are covered by the Wikipedia for which reference implementations can be difficult to come by.  With regards to spamming the VfD page, if a post on the language weblog can generate enough response to constitute the description 'spam,' doesn't this contradict the idea that there is not enough interest in the language?  Disclaimer: I am not a 'friend' of Christopher_Diggins and I do not know him in any other capacity other than as the creator of Heron. Ged Byrne
 * Sole contribution by Ged Byrne. As with Kriggs and DrSkrud, this vote shows an interest in Heron but not in Wikipedia. Lest you think I'm picking on you, single-issue voters get this treatment on a regular basis. Fwiw, Wile E. Heresiarch 03:19, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * It is worth noting that the vote above (signed, not forged, by Ged) was not struck thru by Wile, but by the same IP who a few minutes later, made a(forged) sig (just below this entry) as Ged. I.e., the IP (whom i assume to be Ged being careless about signing on, and later forging his own sig to compensate, rather than Chris impersonating or inventing Ged) was responsive to the thrust of Wile's "sole contribution" complaint.  I earlier read him as saying "so what?" to Wile's complaint; i think that i and probably others misjudged him to that extent. --Jerzy(t) 14:48, 2004 Jul 21 (UTC)
 * No problems, everybody was a sole contributor once. I am, however, interested in Wikipedia and have made minor anonymous edits from time to time.  True, these have all been in support of languages that interest me, such as adding Eiffel to the list of OO languages, but surely the whole idea of Wiki is that people can contribute to issues they are interested in.  Isn't it this democratic process that separates Wikipedia from the traditional encyclopedias? Ged Byrne '''User:193.129.160.2
 * I have struck thru and replaced the preceding signature, per the history diffs output, which indicates that formally it amounts to a signature forged by an IP. While i see no reason to infer effort to deceive, i think ignoring it would undercut the integrity of our records. --Jerzy(t) 08:15, 2004 Jul 21 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable.  There are countless programming languages with only one author, so far I have not seen any indication that this deserves mention above the hundreds of others. --Starx 19:35, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)


text:
Talk:USS Johnston (DD-557)

DANFS
I copied the contents of this page from DANFS. While other ship's histories I've copied from DANFS have been for the most part NPOV and mostly encyclopedic, this one is too conversational, loaded with POV-ish terms and adjectives. At the moment, I'm more interested in bringing DANFS data over for ships without entries in Wikipedia than editing these for NPOV. Please fix this page! =) Scott B 00:14, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * See WikiProject Ships/DANFS conversions for general advice. Of particular concern in this case is the claim that "Kumano later sank". This is true, strictly speaking, but the placement in the text would have you believe that she sank as a result of Johnston's torpedo attack. In fact she survived the battle of Samar, returned to Santa Cruz, and was sunk there in November by air attack . Gdr 09:40, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I've cleaned up some of the POV verbiage and other general editing. Someone needs to provide citations for the numerous quotes in the article or they should be removed.  Dabarkey 08:55, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on USS Johnston (DD-557). Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20061109110801/http://www.msnbc.msn.com:80/id/15561420/site/newsweek/ to http://msnbc.msn.com/id/15561420/site/newsweek/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 08:52, 10 February 2016 (UTC)

Dead in the water vs. half speed
The section below makes no sense the way it is presented. Presuming that the events are shown in chronological order, it's not possible that the ship was dead in the water then takes damage cutting her speed in half. That is unless you consider half of zero being zero (mathematically correct). Were repairs made that aren't mentioned? Does anyone have a good source to correct this?

"the damaged remaining engine quit, leaving her dead in the water.[citation needed]

Some time into the battle, a Japanese battleship, Kongō, fired two rounds from her main cannons. One round punched through the thin side armor of Johnston and cut a hole through the engine room. Her speed was cut in half." Linktex (talk) 22:48, 4 April 2018 (UTC)

Recommend addition of new photos of the wreck of the Johnston
Please find below pictures of the wreck of the USS Johnston recently submitted to Wikipedia Commons. The photos were taken by me, the pilot of the submersible, with my Samsung Galaxy phone through one of the three acrylic viewports in the submersible DSV Limiting Factor on March 31, 2021. They are free to use. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starboard_bow_of_the_wreck_of_the_USS_Johnston_DD-557.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gun_turret_No._51_on_the_bow_of_the_wreck_of_the_USS_Johnston_DD-557.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bridge_and_Mk_37_Gun_Fire_Control_System_(top)_of_wreck_of_the_USS_Johnston_DD-557.jpg Best regards, Vlvescovo (talk) 23:41, 2 May 2021 (UTC)
 * Hello Victor, I would like to thank you for donating the pictures. I inserted them into the article as a gallery.Yeti-Hunter (talk) 13:25, 3 May 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks for sharing, Victor! Those are amazing.  DGrundler  talk 15:40, 3 May 2021 (UTC)

Why Italicized?
"...Johnston, two other Fletcher-class destroyers..."

Is there some rule that requires this? It's visually disruptive, and interferes with readability.72.181.112.54 (talk) 13:35, 5 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Yes - please read WP:NC-SHIPS. For you personally, sure, but it does not for me at all. That is a personal preference.Llammakey (talk) 13:50, 5 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Thank you for straightening me out.72.181.112.54 (talk) 19:15, 18 July 2023 (UTC)

Featured picture scheduled for POTD
Hello! This is to let editors know that File:USS Johnston_(DD-557)_underway_on_27_October_1943_(NH_63495).jpg, a featured picture used in this article, has been selected as the English Wikipedia's picture of the day (POTD) for October 25, 2024. A preview of the POTD is displayed below and can be edited at Template:POTD/2024-10-25. For the greater benefit of readers, any potential improvements or maintenance that could benefit the quality of this article should be done before its scheduled appearance on the Main Page. If you have any concerns, please place a message at Wikipedia talk:Picture of the day. Thank you! — Amakuru (talk) 13:02, 7 January 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:USS Johnston (DD-557)


text:
Talk:Coronation of the British monarch

Banquets
In the 'banquets' section we have the following sentence:

 * "A banquet was considered in 1902 for Edward VII but his sudden illness put a stop to the plans."

It is somewhat contradicted by the Royal Collection on their website:

 * "The Coronation Banquet of August 1902 comprised no fewer than fourteen courses."

Who is right? Also, a state banquet and ball were held at the palace in 1911, and again in 1937. Firebrace (talk) 15:17, 12 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Presumably it was the June 1902 one that was cancelled. DrKay (talk) 15:39, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

 * So there was a banquet, it was just delayed. Now I'm trying to figure out which part of "since the 20th century" implies that a flypast happened at every coronation in the 20th century. You could infer it but it isn't implied... Firebrace (talk) 15:52, 12 July 2016 (UTC)
 * "it has been traditional ... to watch a flypast by the Royal Air Force": since the one occasion it ever happened? One event does not a tradition make. Two can play at being a sarcastic asshole. DrKay (talk) 15:55, 12 July 2016 (UTC)
 * If it happened last time then it will happen next time. The plans for the next coronation do exist. But I see what you mean... Firebrace (talk) 16:06, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Coronation of the British monarch. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090802040102/http://www.lyon-court.com/lordlyon/215.180.html to http://www.lyon-court.com/lordlyon/215.180.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:10, 1 December 2016 (UTC)

FA sweeps
Sizable unsourced content (23 cn tags), some questionable sources: what makes undiscoveredscotland a high quality RS? (t · c)  buidhe  01:58, 1 March 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 17:24, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Westminster-Abbey.JPG

Half-crown
Linking the words "half crown" to an article on that subject (Half crown (British coin)) is obviously not coincidental or "unrelated to the coin". The explanation for its removal is irrational. DrKay (talk) 06:46, 14 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Quite agree, "crown" has so many different meanings in the UK, the link helps to clarify the pun for younger/international readers who are not familiar with the pre-decimal coin. Firebrace (talk) 10:25, 14 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Agreed. GoodDay (talk) 14:06, 14 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Coronation of the British monarch


text:
Barry Kay

Barry Kay (1932 – 1985) was an Australian stage and costume designer of international renown. After having studied painting at the Académie Julian in Paris and theatre design in Melbourne, he settled in London in 1956. In the course of his career, lasting almost four decades, he designed for the ballet, opera and theatre alike, working with established directors and choreographers at major theatres and opera houses and their companies worldwide.

Kay's emphasis lay in pioneering three-dimensional stage set designs for the ballet. By breaking away from the traditional use of "flat wings" scenery, in designing for the theatre he expanded on the revolutionary ideas of the Russian Constructivists and the Italian Futurists in the early part of the 20th century.

Among others, he designed for the choreographers Walter Gore, Peter Darrell, Kenneth MacMillan and Rudolf Nureyev, as well as for ballet companies such as Western Theatre Ballet (now Scottish Ballet), The Royal Ballet, The Australian Ballet, the Ballet of the Deutsche Oper Berlin, the Stuttgart Ballet, the Vienna State Opera Ballet, Le Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris and American Ballet Theatre.

Some of the drama and opera directors for whom he worked included Margaret Webster, Colin Graham, John Copley, Peter Dews and Rudolf Hartmann - with productions staged by the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Old Vic, London; Sadler's Wells Opera Company (since 1974 English National Opera), Sadler's Wells Theatre, London; The Royal Opera at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London; and numerous other national and international houses.

Later in his career Kay also became a photographer of subjects with socio-anthropological contents. His photo essay As a Woman, published in 1976, is an extensive portrait of the unique transvestite and transsexual community of Sydney, Australia.

Kay's artistic contributions to the performing arts are well represented and documented at national museums, state galleries, art libraries, theatre collections and archives globally. Public collections include: the Australian Performing Arts Collection, Arts Centre Melbourne; Victoria & Albert Museum Theatre Collections, London; Royal Opera House Collections, London; National Gallery of Australia, Canberra; National Library of Australia, Canberra; State Library of New South Wales, Mitchell Library, Sydney; Lipperheidesche Kostümbibliothek, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin; Österreichisches Theatermuseum, Vienna; University of Calgary, Library, Special Collections, Alberta, Canada; MacNay Museum, Tobin Collection of Theatre Arts, San Antonio, Texas.

In November 2006, the Barry Kay Archive website was archived by the National Library of Australia in its PANDORA web archive.

Honours
Live Performance Australia, the premiere body for Australia's live entertainment and performing arts, posthumously selected Kay as one of eighty theatre artists awarded a place in its newly established virtual Hall of Fame. Launched on 30 November 2007, Live Performance pays tribute to a collection of people on the occasion of its 90th anniversary.

title: Barry Kay


text: Category:Baseball executives

title: Category:Baseball executives


text: Category:Psychrometrics

title: Category:Psychrometrics


text:
1903 Tour de France

The 1903 Tour de France was the first cycling race set up and sponsored by the newspaper L'Auto, ancestor of the current daily, L'Équipe. It ran from 1 to 19 July in six stages over 2428 km, and was won by Maurice Garin.

The race was invented to boost the circulation of L'Auto, after its circulation started to plummet from competition with the long-standing Le Vélo. Originally scheduled to start in June, the race was postponed one month, and the prize money was increased, after a disappointing level of applications from competitors. The 1903 Tour de France was the first stage road race, and compared to modern Grand Tours, it had relatively few stages, but each was much longer than those raced today. The cyclists did not have to compete in all six stages, although this was necessary to qualify for the general classification.

The pre-race favourite, Maurice Garin, won the first stage, and retained the lead throughout. He also won the last two stages, and had a margin of almost three hours over the next cyclist. The circulation of L'Auto increased more than sixfold during and after the race, so the race was considered successful enough to be rerun in 1904, by which time Le Vélo had been forced out of business.

Origin
After the Dreyfus affair separated advertisers from the newspaper Le Vélo, a new newspaper L'Auto-Vélo was founded in 1900, with former cyclist Henri Desgrange as editor. After being forced to change the name of the newspaper to L'Auto in 1903, Desgrange needed something to keep the cycling fans; with circulation at 20,000, he could not afford to lose them.

When Desgrange and young employee Géo Lefèvre were returning from the Marseille–Paris cycling race, Lefèvre suggested holding a race around France, similar to the popular six-day races on the track. Desgrange proposed the idea to the financial controller Victor Goddet, who gave his approval, and on 19 January 1903, the Tour de France was announced in L'Auto.

It was to have been a five-week race, from 1 June to 5 July, with an entry fee of 20 francs. These conditions attracted very few cyclists: one week before the race was due to start, only 15 competitors had signed up. Desgrange then rescheduled the race from 1 to 19 July, increased the total prize money to 20,000 francs, reduced the entry fee to 10 francs and guaranteed at least five francs a day to the first 50 cyclists in the classification. After that, 79 cyclists signed up for the race, of whom 60 actually started the race.

Géo Lefévre became the director, judge and time-keeper; Henri Desgrange was the directeur-général, although he did not follow the race.

Rules and course
The 1903 Tour de France was run in six stages. Compared to modern stage races, the stages were extraordinarily long, with an average distance of over 400 km, compared to the 171 km average stage length in the 2004 Tour de France; cyclists had one to three rest days between each stage, and the route was largely flat, with only one stage featuring a significant mountain. The cyclists were not grouped in teams but raced as individuals, and paid a fee of ten francs (about €135 at 2023 prices ) to compete in the race for general classification, or five francs to enter a single stage. As the stages were so long, all but the first started before dawn: the last stage started at 21:00 the night before.

The first Tour de France crossed no mountain passes, but several lesser cols. The first was the col du Pin-Bouchain (759 m), on the opening stage from Paris to Lyon, on what is now the old road from Roanne to Lyon. The stage from Lyon to Marseille included the col de la République (1161 m), also known as the col de Grand Bois, at the edge of St-Etienne.

In 1903, it was normal for a professional cyclist to hire pacers, who would lead them during the race. Desgrange forbade this: it was originally intended that in the final, longest, stage pacers would be allowed, but this was rescinded after the fifth stage.

To ensure that the cyclists rode the entire route, stewards were stationed at various points around the course. The yellow jersey for the leader in the general classification had not yet been introduced, but the leader was identified by a green armband.

The fastest eight cyclists on each stage received a prize between 50 francs and 1,500 francs, varying per stage. The fourteen best cyclists in the general classification received a prize from 3,000 francs for the winner to 25 francs for fourteenth place. The remaining seven cyclists to finish in the general classification each received 95 francs, 5 francs for each of the 19 days that the race took, provided that they had not won more than 200 francs in prize money and did not have an average speed below 20 km/h on any stage.

Participants
In contrast to modern stage races, a cyclist who gave up during a stage was allowed to start again the next stage, although he would no longer be in contention for the general classification. Thus Hippolyte Aucouturier, who gave up during the first stage, was able to return, and won the second and third stages. Charles Laeser, winner of the fourth stage, had not completed the third stage.

Sixty cyclists, all professionals or semi-professionals, started the race, of whom 49 were French, 4 Belgian, 4 Swiss, 2 German, and one Italian; 21 of them were sponsored by bicycle manufacturers, while 39 entered without commercial support. 24 other cyclists took advantage of the opportunity to enter specific stages: one rode in both the second and fourth stages, and additionally three cyclists took part in the second stage, one in the third stage, fifteen in the fourth stage only, and a further four only competed in the fifth stage.

Race overview
The pre-race favourites for the victory were Maurice Garin and Hippolyte Aucouturier. Garin dominated the race from the start by winning the first stage, a 471 km parcours from Paris to Lyon. The stage started at 15:16, and the cyclists initially rode with a speed of 35 km/h. The first cyclists abandoned after around 50 km. At 23:00, Garin and Emile Pagie, leading the race, reached the control point in Nevers. Garin expected at that point that they would finish at 8:00 the next morning. During the night, Garin's main rival, Aucouturier, had stomach cramps, and was unable to finish the stage. Also during that first stage, the first breach of the rules occurred: Jean Fischer had used a car as pacer, which was illegal. Pagie fell down, but got up again; he and Garin kept leading the race during the night. Around 9:00 in the morning, both reached Lyon. Garin got away from Pagie, and finished one minute ahead.

Although Aucouturier had abandoned in the first stage, and so was not eligible for the general classification, he could still start the rest of the stages. In the second stage, Aucouturier was able to win the sprint. In the third stage, the cyclists who were competing for the general classification started one hour earlier than the other cyclists, including Aucouturier. At the end of that stage, a group of four cyclists had broken away, and Eugène Brange won the sprint. Aucouturier finished 27 minutes later, but this meant that he had run the course 33 minutes faster, so he was declared the winner of the stage. Garin retained the lead, helped by a crash of second-placed Pagie in the second stage, which eliminated him from the race. In the fourth stage, Aucouturier had a clear lead and seemed set to win a third successive stage, but was caught using the slipstream of a car, and was removed from the race. Swiss Charles Laeser (who had abandoned in the 3rd stage ) took the victory, becoming the first non-French winner. As in the third stage, the cyclists departed in two groups, and Laeser was in the second group because he was no longer contending for the general classification. Laeser finished more than 50 minutes after a group of six cyclists, but he had travelled the distance 4 minutes faster than them, so he was declared the winner.

At that point, Garin was leading, with Émile Georget almost two hours behind. In the fifth stage, Georget had two flat tires, and fell asleep when he stopped at the side of the road to rest; he failed to finish. Thus Garin extended his lead by winning this stage, carrying nearly three hours' advantage into the final day's racing. Garin had requested other cyclists in the leading group to let him win the stage, but Fernand Augereau refused to do this. Garin then had Lucien Pothier throw down his bicycle in front of Augereau, who fell, and Garin then bent Augereau's rear wheel. Augereau quickly obtained a spare bike and continued to the finish, however Garin easily won the sprint. Augereau still received a prize of 100 francs from Velo-Sport Nantes for the fastest final kilometre of the stage in the Nantes velodrome.

The last stage was the longest, at 471 km, and ran from Nantes to the small town of Ville-d'Avray, which lies between Versailles and Paris, instead of at the Parc des Princes velodrome. This was because of a bylaw forbidding road races to end on cycling tracks (a bylaw subsequently repealed in light of the race's success). Garin took his third stage win, and sealed overall victory by 2 hours 59 minutes 31 seconds: this remains the greatest margin of victory in the Tour de France. After arriving at Ville-d'Avray the riders were given a board marked with their finishing time and cycled on to Parc des Princes where they made several laps of honour. That day, 19 July, saw a large crowd at the velodrome to watch the riders and an earlier 100-km cycle race.

Stage results
In 1903, there was no distinction in the rules between plain stages and mountain stages; the icons shown here indicate whether the stage included mountains.

General classification
There were 21 cyclists who had completed all six stages. For these cyclists, the times taken for each stage were added up for the general classification. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the winner. The cyclists officially were not grouped in teams; some cyclists had the same sponsor, even though they were not allowed to work together,

Aftermath
The circulation of L'Auto increased significantly due to this event; a special edition of 130,000 copies was made after the race was over, and normal circulation increased from 25,000 to 65,000. The big success made sure that the Tour de France was scheduled again for 1904. The cyclists had also become national heroes. Maurice Garin returned for the 1904 Tour de France but his title defence failed when he was disqualified. With the prize money that he won in 1903, which totalled 6,075 francs, (approximately 40,000 and GBP£23,000 in 2006 values) Garin later bought a gas station, where he worked for the rest of his life.

title: 1903 Tour de France


text:
User talk:Captain Planet

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Follow the Simplified Ruleset
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you would like to experiment, use the sandbox. Thank you.

David Yost
You may well be a David Yost enthusiast, but remember that Wikipedia is an encyclopedia which needs to remain neutral. Mgm|(talk) 11:12, Mar 31, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Captain Planet


text:
Carlos Torres (astronomer)

Carlos Torres (1929–2011) was a Chilean astronomer of the University of Chile and an individual member of the International Astronomical Union on several commissions. Between 1968 and 1982, he discovered or co-discovered a number of asteroids from the University of Chile's Cerro El Roble Astronomical Station. Together with Spanish astronomer Carlos Guillermo Torres (1910–1965), he was honored with the naming of asteroid 1769 Carlostorres.

Selected publications

 * Herbert Wroblewski Cruz, C. Torres, and S. Barros, Minor Planet Positions, Publicaciones Departmento de Astronomia Universidad de Chile, Vol. II, No. 7, pp. 215–244, (1977)
 * H. Wroblewski, C. Torres, S. Barros, and Marina Wischnjewsky, Minor planet positions obtained at Cerro Calan Observatory during 1978-1980, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 51, pp. 93–95 (January 1983)
 * H. Wroblewski, and C. Torres, New proper-motion stars south of declination -40 deg and right ascension between 00 H and 04 H 30 M, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 231–247 (May 1989)
 * H. Wroblewski and C. Torres, New proper motion determination of Luyten catalogue stars (LTT) south of declination -40 degrees and right ascension between 00 H and 04 H 30 M, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 83, no. 2, pp. 317–329 (May 1990)
 * H. Wroblewski and C. Torres, New proper-motion stars south of declination -40 deg and right ascension between 04h 30m and 16h 00m, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 129–169 (November 1991)
 * H. Wroblewski and C. Torres, New proper motion determination of Luyten catalogue stars (LTT) south of declination -40 deg and right ascension between 04 H 30 M and 16 H 00 M, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 449–472 (February 1992)
 * H. Wroblewski and C. Torres, Proper motion LTT stars -5<DE<-30, 0<RA<13h30, VizieR On-line Data Catalog: J/A+AS/128/457

title: Carlos Torres (astronomer)


text:
Mersey River (Tasmania)

The Mersey River is a river on the north-west coast of Tasmania, Australia. The city of Devonport is situated at the river's mouth on Bass Strait.

The source of this river is Lake Meston. From here the river feeds itself into Lake Youd.

Lees Creek is a tributary to the Mersey River and it feeds into Lake Orion, Lake Merope, Lake Eros, Lake Artemis and Junction Lake prior to the Mersey.

Feather Creek from Cathedral Mountain is a tributary to the Mersey River at this point. Campfire Creek is the next tributary.

The Mersey flows into Lake Rowallan. The Rowallan Power Station, part of the Rowallan Dam is a hydro-electric station is also located on the Mersey.

Fish Creek is also a tributary to Lake Rowallan.

The Mersey then flows to Lake Parangana.

Lake Parangana also takes inflows from the Fisher River, this has a tributary of the little Fisher River and Fisher River flows through Lake MacKenzie and the Fisher Power Station which also has a tributary from Explorer Creek which is fed from Lake Explorer.

Water from Lake Parangana is transferred west via tunnels to Lemonthyme Power Station. The water runs into Lake Cethana.

The Mersey River continues to flow from Lake Parangana through Parangana Power Station and takes in Overflow Creek and Mole Creek as its tributaries.

Lobster Rivulet flows into the Mersey at the next point.

The Dasher River which has York Creek as a tributary flows joins with the Minnow River and then Dasher River flows into the Mersey.

Coilers Creek, Caroline Creek, and Bonney's Creek are also tributaries.

Kings Creek which has a tributary from Latrobe Creek flows into the Mersey.

Ballahoo Creek, Snag Creek, Cockers Creek, Figure of Eight Creek, and Horsehead Creek are next to contribute to the flow of the Mersey River.

The Mersey flows under the Victoria Bridge and through the Port and City of Devonport.

The Mersey river finally feeds itself into Bass Strait.

In the winter of 2016 the Mersey River had a major flood as a result of widespread heavy rainfall across Tasmania. The flood resulted in significant damage to bridges and other riverside infrastructure, as well as extensive erosion of the river bank and uprooting of trees, leading to numerous logjams in narrow gorges such as at Big Bend. These logjams were so extensive that the many kayakers who use the river were required to portage around them to travel downstream.

Recreation
The Mersey is a popular trout fishing stream holding brown and rainbow trout.

Each March long weekend is the Devonport Regatta which consists of Power Boat racing, Miss Regatta Girl, Trans Mersey Swim, greasy pole, side show alley and woodchopping events.

Whitewater rafting is popular on the river.

Latrobe's Henley-on-Mersey Regatta held on Australia Day 26 January each year at Belles Parade consists of woodchopping, Ferret racing, Triathlon, Iron Trial Strongman, Boat Race, Cherry Spitting and Gum boot throwing.

The Mersey River is also popular for water skiing.

title: Mersey River (Tasmania)


text:
Wikipedia:Historical archive/Substub

If stubs are the ugly ducklings of Wikipedia, then substubs are the unhatched eggs. They are short information fragments that are undesirable to stay as they are for an extended period of time, since they provide little to no context to their contents. Dealing with them is a part of the everyday maintenance on Wikipedia.

Historical
In the past, these substubs were marked with the template. Since this collided with the general methods of stub sorting and the number of articles marked as substubs (justified as well as erroneous) got more and more out of hand, the use of that template was deprecated, and in the end the template and associated category were deleted in May 2005 (see Templates for deletion/Log/Deleted/May 2005 and Categories for deletion/Log/2005 May 10). For the present methods of dealing with substubs, see one of the options at.

Before its deletion, the template message was:

Differences between a stub and a substub
Substubs are simply a type of stub.

 * Stubs are actually long enough to have a tad of useful information in them. Substubs are usually no longer than a dictionary definition, and usually contain information that anyone would know. See Wiktionary.

 * Stubs are usually easy to expand upon because they have some general information with which to build a much longer article, like asking a mason to draw a house: you get a pretty detailed floor plan. Substubs contain very little information, or worse, false or misleading information, like asking a three-year-old to draw a house and getting a box for the house and a triangle for the roof.

 * Stubs are usually created by a person who wants to see the article expanded either by himself or herself or by someone who really knows the subject of the article. Substubs are usually created by people just because they can, then they leave without looking back.

How to fix a substub
There are a number of things that can be done to a substub to either improve it, move it somewhere more useful, or delete it entirely:

Turn it into a stub

 * 1) Provide a "This is a stub" message by adding    or a categorized stub notice, cf. Stub
 * 2) Follow the standards of proper English. Write in full, clear sentences.
 * 3) To aid in your expansion work, you can incorporate and cite references about the topic in books, magazines, or newspapers; visit external links, if any, within the article; or you can search Google or Yahoo! for information about the topic. [This paragraph is itself a stub and should be expanded.] [For example: "This process of discovering and providing external references is a fundamental aspect of real research. Additionally, any information you find in your basic research may spur you to write an even higher-quality stub, in addition to the external references you provide."]
 * 4) Give a clear, precise definition or description of your topic.  Avoid fallacies of definition.  For biographies and articles about non-concepts (e.g., about countries and cities), definitions are impossible, so begin with a clear, helpful, informative description of the subject.  State what a person is famous for, where a place is and what it is known for, the basic details of an event and when it happened, etc.  A good definition or description may encourage potential contributors by suggesting the limits of the article, indirectly summarizing what needs to be done.  For example, Salvador Allende was the President of Chile from 1970 until 1973 would be a good description.
 * 5) Try to give more than just a definition — at least a little more.  It doesn't hurt to be provocative, as long as you attempt to be unbiased and reasonably accurate.  What is interesting and important about the subject?  If your introduction would make someone want to read further, then it will probably entice someone to write further.  As little as one extra sentence can turn a good description into a brilliant stub, e.g. Salvador Allende was the President of Chile from 1970 until 1973.  The CIA might have been involved in the coup that ousted him. With a start like that, you don't have to know any more yourself; a dozen contributors will be falling over themselves to fill in the details.
 * 6) Make sure any relevant linkable words have been linked. But be careful about which words you link to; see naming conventions. e.g. Salvador Allende was the President of Chile from 1970 until 1973.  The CIA might have been involved in the coup that ousted him.
 * 7) Submit the article with a Summary comment that will attract the attention of others to your stub.  If nothing else, cut and paste the stub itself into the Summary field when you save your article.
 * 8) Feel some responsibility for your stub article.  There is a fine line between helping by outlining out what needs to be done, and being annoying by not doing anything yourself.  If nobody contributes to your stub for a few weeks, roll up your sleeves and expand it yourself.  Take the fact that nobody has contributed as a hint that your stub might not have been that great, and if nothing else, try to make it a better stub.
 * 9) Don't just add links. Links are fine normally, but just on their own, they say very little about the topic you are writing about.

If you want to turn it into a full article

 * 1) Go for it.

Merge it

 * 1) Copy and paste the contents to a fitting article (if that one does not already have that content). Link the source article in the edit summary.
 * 2) Turn the substub into a redirect to the target article. Link the target article in the edit summary.
 * 3) Check whether in doing so you accidentally created double redirects pointing to the target article: click "what links here" from the toolbox menu on the left in the target article. Any redirect not directing directly to the target article should be adapted redirecting without intermediate redirect to the target article.

Put it up for deletion

 * 1) If the content is totally redundant and trivial, you may mark it for speedy deletion with db-a1.
 * 2) If you're not so sure, list it on Articles for deletion.

If you don't want to do that

 * 1) Mark the substub with one of the stub templates. Hopefully someone else with more knowledge on the topic will know what to do with it.
 * 2) Mark it for cleanup with one of the cleanup templates.

Move dictionary definitions to Wiktionary
See: Things to be moved to Wiktionary

title: Wikipedia:Historical archive/Substub


text:
Zack Wheat

Zachariah Davis Wheat (May 23, 1888 – March 11, 1972), nicknamed "Buck", was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a left fielder from 1909 to 1927, most notably as a member of the Brooklyn Dodgers who were known as the Robins at that time. After 18 seasons in Brooklyn, he played his final season with the Philadelphia Athletics.

Although Wheat spent the first part of his career playing in the Dead ball era, he hit over .300 in 13 seasons and won the National League batting championship in 1918. He ended his career with a .317 career batting average and remains the Dodgers all-time franchise leader in hits, doubles, triples, RBI, and total bases. Wheat was also known as a stylish and graceful outfielder, leading National League left fielders in putouts seven times and fielding percentage twice.

Wheat was unanimously elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1959. His brother McKinley "Mack" Wheat also played in the major leagues, and the two were teammates in Brooklyn for five seasons.

Early life
Born in Hamilton, Missouri, he was the son of Basil and Julia Wheat. His father was of English descent. For many years, it was believed that Wheat was at least partially of Cherokee descent but, according to the Society for American Baseball Research, this was likely untrue.

Career
Wheat began his professional baseball career in 1906 for Enterprise in the Kansas League, followed by Wichita in 1907, the Shreveport Pirates of the Texas League in 1908, and the Mobile Sea Gulls of the Southern Association in 1909. It was during that 1909 season that the Brooklyn Superbas of the National League purchased Wheat for $1,200, and he made his major league debut in September. Wheat batted with a corkscrew type of swing, and held his hands down near the end of the bat, unlike most hitters during his time, a time noted as the "Dead Ball Era". Along with his consistently high levels of hitting, he was also noted for his graceful and stylish defense.

Wheat played his first full season in 1910. He played every game for the Superbas that season as the regular left fielder, leading the league in games played. He batted .284 that season, the second-lowest average of his career, which led the team, and was among the league leaders in hits, doubles, and triples. It was in 1911 that his reputation as a slugger began to take hold. Along with hitting .287, Wheat finished eighth in the league with 13 triples and slugged five home runs. In an era when players rarely hit double-digit home runs for a season, five was enough for people to take notice.

Wheat continued his steady and consistent climb up the batting charts in 1912, hitting .305 and finishing the season among the league leaders in home runs and slugging percentage. Over the next four seasons, he continued to be among the leaders in many offensive categories, including home runs, batting average, slugging average, hits, doubles, triples, and RBI. It was during the 1912 season that Wheat married Daisy Kerr Forsman. His wife quickly became his de facto agent, encouraging him to hold out for a better contract each season. Each time Wheat held out, he received more money, the club not wanting to lose one of its best hitters and the team's most popular player. This tactic of threatening to hold out served him well during throughout his career, including during the World War I era, when he raised and sold mules to the United States Army as pack animals. Wheat claimed that he was making so much money from his business that he wouldn't need to play baseball at all. The team, fearing that they might lose a great player during the prime of his career, succumbed to his demands every year.

In 1916, Wheat topped off a string of seasons with a finish in the top ten in all the above categories, topping the league in total bases and slugging. He also had a career-high hitting streak, which reached 29 games. The Brooklyn Robins won the National League pennant that season. In the World Series, they faced the Boston Red Sox, who had the formidable pitching rotation of Ernie Shore, Dutch Leonard, Carl Mays, and Babe Ruth. The Red Sox won the series four games to one, holding the Robins to a .200 batting average and Wheat to a paltry .211.

During the 1917 and 1918 seasons, Wheat hit well, but missed many games due to injuries. He had tiny feet, around size 5, and this is believed to be the cause of the many nagging ankle injuries that caused to miss many games in his career. However, Wheat led the league in batting average for the only time in his career with a .335 batting average, his highest average up to that point. Despite being known as a slugger and consistently placing in the top ten in home runs, Wheat hit no home runs that season and had hit just one the season prior. Not until Rod Carew in 1972 would another player win a batting title without hitting a home run during the season.

Starting in 1919, Wheat returned to the league slugging leaders once again as the baseball began to become livelier. The Robins made their second World Series appearance in 1920, this time facing off against the Cleveland Indians. The Robins lost this series as well, 5 games to 2, although Wheat's series average was .333. Wheat's statistics climbed during this new live era of baseball, reaching double-digit home runs for the first time with 14 in 1921, and again three more times in the next four years. Wheat hit .320 or higher every season from 1920 through 1925, topping out with .375 in consecutive seasons. He failed to lead the league in hitting those two seasons, not getting enough at bats in 1923 to qualify, and Hornsby topped the league with .384, and in 1924, his .375 was a distant second to Hornsby's .424.

A subtle but longstanding friction existed between Wheat and his manager, Wilbert Robinson. The friction reportedly stemmed from Robinson's belief that Wheat pursued the manager's job behind his back. When owner Charles Ebbets died in 1925, new team president Ed McKeever reassigned Robinson into the front office and named Wheat as player-manager. Newspapers confirm that he managed the Dodgers for two weeks. McKeever caught pneumonia at Ebbets' funeral, and died soon afterward, and Robinson quickly returned to the manager's position. As it turned out, Wheat never again managed in the majors, much to his disappointment. Moreover, Wheat's 1925 managerial stint never made it into the official records. In 1931, Steve McKeever, Ed's brother, hired Wheat as a coach, leading to widespread speculation that he was being groomed for the manager's spot, threatening Robinson's job for a second time in seven years, and he treated his former star as coldly as ever.

Wheat was signed by the Philadelphia Athletics after his release from Brooklyn in 1927. After the season, he was released again; this time he signed and played for the minor league Minneapolis Millers of the American Association. Wheat played very little that season due to a heel injury, and retired from playing following the season. He still holds the Dodger franchise records for hits, doubles, triples and total bases.

Career statistics
In 2,410 games over 19 seasons, Wheat posted a .317 batting average (2,884-for-9,106) with 1,289 runs, 476 doubles, 172 triples, 132 home runs, 1,248 RBI, 205 stolen bases, 650 bases on balls, .367 on-base percentage and .450 slugging percentage. He finished his career with a .966 fielding percentage as a left fielder. In 12 World Series games (1916,1920), he batted .283 (13-for-46) with 4 runs, 2 doubles, 1 triple, 3 RBI and 3 walks.

Post-career
After Wheat retired from baseball, he moved back to his 160 acre farm in Polo, Missouri, until the Great Depression forced him to sell it in 1932. He moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where he operated a bowling alley with Cotton Tierney. Wheat later became a police officer. During his duties as an officer in 1936, he crashed his vehicle while pursuing a felon, and nearly died. Following five months in hospital after the accident, he moved his family to Sunrise Beach, Missouri, a resort town on the Lake of the Ozarks, where he opened a 46 acre hunting and fishing resort.

Wheat was first voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee in 1957, but could not be inducted because he had not been retired for the required 30 years. The committee unanimously elected him in 1959. In 1981, Lawrence Ritter and Donald Honig included him in their book The 100 Greatest Baseball Players of All Time. In 2006, the stretch of Route 13 that runs through Caldwell County, Missouri was named the Zach Wheat Memorial Highway.

Due to the long-held belief about his supposed Cherokee ancestry, Wheat was featured in "Baseball's League of Nations: A Tribute to Native Americans in Baseball", a 2008 exhibit at the Iroquois Indian Museum in Howes Cave, N.Y.

Wheat died of a heart attack on March 11, 1972.

Legacy
The American Legion Post in Sunrise Beach, Missouri, where Wheat lived following his retirement, is named "Zachariah (Zack) Davis Wheat Post 624 American Legion, Sunrise Beach, Missouri" in his honor.

title: Zack Wheat


text:
Category:Baseball managers

This category includes managers in major league baseball who meet any of the following criteria:
 * They are the current manager of a major league team;
 * They have managed a team to a league championship or postseason berth;
 * They have at least 500 career victories as a manager.

If a manager does not meet these criteria but is accurately described by any of the subcategories for minor league, Negro League, Israel, Japanese, Korean, Olympic or college baseball, or for specific major league teams, please put them in whichever one or more categories apply. Please do not also put them in the main category; their reference in the sub-category is sufficient.

title: Category:Baseball managers


text:
Nathaniel Everett Green

Nathaniel Everett Green FRAS (21 August 1823 – 10 November 1899) was an English painter, art teacher and astronomer. He professionally painted landscapes and portraits, and also gained fame with his drawings of planets.

Born in Bristol, the son of Benjamin Holder Green (1793–1865), then a haberdasher, and Elizabeth ‘Betsey’ née Everett (1795–1837); his interest in astronomy dated from 1859 when he built a telescope for himself. He produced "soft-pencil" drawings of Mars in 1877, which were widely known. Shortly after drawing them, he was the first to suggest that canals on Mars were an optical illusion.

In 1880 he was called to Balmoral and taught art to some members of the royal family, including Queen Victoria.

He was founding member of the British Astronomical Association (BAA) and its president from 1896 to 1898.

Green married Elizabeth Goold in 1847. Their daughter, Anne Goold Green, married English landscape painter Laurence George Bomford.

A crater on Mars was named in his honor.

Obituaries

 * MNRAS 60 (1900) 318
 * Obs 23 (1900) 67

title: Nathaniel Everett Green


text:
Robert Septimus Gardiner

Sir Robert Septimus Gardiner (26 March 1856 – 16 November 1939) was a British businessman.

The seventh son of the Rev. George Gregory Gardiner and Frances Mary Touchet, he was born in Bonn, Prussia, where his father was a British chaplain. He attended Grenoble University and was fluent in French, German, and English. A successful businessman who served on the boards of many companies; his chief interests were in mining and securities. He also was interested in the arts: he was the composer of the Lyric Polka, he became director and chairman of the board of the Alhambra Theatre.

He was knighted in the 1922 Birthday Honours. He was devoted to charitable work; according to The Times, "Every appeal brought to his notice was given his sympathetic consideration and support." he was vice president of the Kent and Canterbury Hospital, a trustee of the Chelsea Hospital for Women, and honorary treasurer of the Governesses' Benevolent Institution.

In 1896, he married Alice von Ziegesar, daughter of Baron von Ziegesar; she wrote a book of poems, A Garland of Roses as well as a novel which remained unpublished. He was the father of three children, Cyril, Gerald (later Lord Chancellor), and Nevile, born in 1897, 1900 and 1902, respectively.

He died aged 83 at Addington Palace Country Club, Surrey. His funeral was held on 20 November at St James's Church, Sussex Gardens, Paddington; Sidney Nowell Rostron officiated.

title: Robert Septimus Gardiner


text:
Odie Cleghorn

James Albert Ogilvie "Odie" Cleghorn (September 19, 1891 – July 13, 1956) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player, coach, linesman and referee. His brother Sprague Cleghorn also played professional ice hockey and the two played several seasons together.

Ice hockey career
Odie Cleghorn came up through the ranks of the Montreal Westmount of the intermediate section of the CAHL, where he played alongside his older brother Sprague and future Hockey Hall of Fame referee Cooper Smeaton. For the 1909–10 season the trio left for New York to play for the New York Wanderers of the American Amateur Hockey League, finishing second in the league standing behind the New York Athletic Club. Although the Brooklyn Daily Eagle praised Cleghorn after the season as "one of the best right wings that ever has played on a New York team", the newspaper also brought criticism over his rough play "that kept him with the timers for long sessions in every contest. The next season, in 1910–11, Odie and Sprague left New York to play with the Renfrew Creamery Kings of the National Hockey Association.

Cleghorn played ten seasons in the National Hockey League for the Montreal Canadiens and Pittsburgh Pirates. On Jan. 14, 1922, Odie and his brother Sprague Cleghorn each scored 4 goals in a 10-6 victory for the Montreal Canadiens over the Hamilton Tigers. Cleghorn won a Stanley Cup in 1924 with Montreal.

Cleghorn was also a coach of the Pirates. It was during the 1925–26 season that he created the idea of set lines. He would play three set lines that would rotate. Before this, the players would only rest when needed.

During the 1928 Stanley Cup Finals, when New York Rangers's coach Lester Patrick had to step in as goalie for an injured Lorne Chabot, Odie took over Lester's duties as coach behind the Rangers bench for the rest of the game.

Cleghorn refereed for a time in the NHL. He was the referee at Boston Garden during the infamous December 12, 1933 game in which Boston's Eddie Shore severely injured Toronto's Irvine (Ace) Bailey, fracturing his skull and nearly killing him. Cleghorn was severely criticized by hockey writers for his lenient handling of the volatile game.

Odie Cleghorn's brother Sprague Cleghorn died of injuries following a car accident. Just a few hours before Sprague's July 14, 1956 funeral, Odie Cleghorn, was found in his bed, dead of heart failure, perhaps induced by the stress of the loss of his brother.

title: Odie Cleghorn


text:
Calculating Infinity

Calculating Infinity is the debut studio album by American metalcore band the Dillinger Escape Plan. Recorded at Trax East Recording Studio in South River, New Jersey, it was produced by engineer Steve Evetts with the band's guitarist Ben Weinman and drummer Chris Pennie, and released on September 28, 1999, by Relapse Records. Calculating Infinity is the band's only full-length album to feature original vocalist Dimitri Minakakis, who left the band in 2001.

Media response to Calculating Infinity was positive, with critics praising the aggressive nature of the album's material, as well as the complexity of the arrangement and instrumental work. Several publications have highlighted it as a landmark release in the Dillinger Escape Plan's catalogue and in hardcore punk and heavy metal as a whole. They also credited its influence on the genres and on the work of several subsequent bands. The record is also classified as metalcore, avant-garde metal, and grindcore, in addition to being highlighted as one of the first mathcore albums. Its lyrical themes mostly revolve around failing relationships and insecurity. By 2013, Calculating Infinity had sold in excess of 100,000 copies worldwide.

Background
In 1998, The Dillinger Escape Plan wrote and recorded the EP Under the Running Board. During this time period, The Dillinger Escape Plan gained notoriety in the hardcore punk scene for the intensity of their performances which were increasingly wild, and often violent. This reputation, as well as the creative, technical approach of their music, led to Relapse Records offering the band a multi-record contract. Shortly after the release of Under the Running Board, rhythm guitarist John Fulton left the band to focus on his computer programming studies.

Recording and production
Recording for Calculating Infinity took place in March, April, and June 1999 at Trax East Recording Studio in South River, New Jersey, with production led by Steve Evetts alongside lead guitarist Ben Weinman and drummer Chris Pennie. The recording process has been described by Weinman as "extremely difficult" due to technological limitations, and he was "very unhappy" with the recordings at first. In an interview with Decibel magazine, the guitarist added: "In the studio it was really hard, because at the time we didn't use Pro Tools and did everything to tape". The group also ran out of money during the process, resorting to trading their individual publishing rights for the songs to their label Relapse Records in return for $2,000. Weinman commented on this decision: "We weren't thinking about the future, just the present and how this record had to rule." Vocalist Dimitri Minakakis agreed: "We weren't focused on what the record could possibly do; we just wanted a record we were happy with," adding that it was a decision agreed to by every member of the band.

The band's original bassist Adam Doll was unable to contribute to the recording of Calculating Infinity after suffering a spinal fracture in a road traffic accident shortly before recording began, leaving Weinman to handle bass duties. Speaking to Kerrang! about Doll's injury, Weinman described it as "a life-changing moment" for the band, adding: "It was difficult to think about moving forward, but I felt he would get better and I wanted to make something for him to come back to". Rhythm guitarist Brian Benoit joined the band partway through the recording process and contributed additional guitar recordings to a handful of tracks, as well as writing a guitar part on "Clip the Apex... Accept Instruction" and assisting with vocal arrangements on "Variations on a Cocktail Dress". When asked whether the band considered delaying the recording of the album until Benoit was "fully integrated" into the band, Weinman responded: "The idea was ... for us to progress and build on what we had done" rather than "stopping our progression waiting for someone else to catch up"; Benoit also commented: "I knew my role, which was getting up to par live".

Release and promotion
Calculating Infinity was released on September 28, 1999, with Relapse Records issuing it on CD and Hydra Head Records releasing a vinyl edition. The album was released later in Japan on April 5, 2000, featuring bonus tracks "The Mullet Burden", "Sandbox Magician" and "Abe the Cop" (the three tracks comprising Under the Running Board). To promote the album, The Dillinger Escape Plan opened for Mr. Bungle on the first leg of their California tour on Mr. Bungle frontman Mike Patton's invitation, and appeared on the Warped Tour and at various rock festivals. Patton was reportedly introduced to the band after being given the album, but he had been "one of the first people" to hear the album according to Weinman.

Calculating Infinity was reissued on vinyl alongside 2004's Miss Machine and 2007's Ire Works on November 27, 2015, marking the first time in more than ten years the album had been released on the format. The album reportedly sold in excess of 100,000 units worldwide, which made The Dillinger Escape Plan the best-selling artist on Relapse at the time.

Composition and lyrics
Commentators have primarily categorised Calculating Infinity as mathcore due to its frequent use of complex time signatures, atypical rhythms and unpredictable tempo changes. Many have claimed that The Dillinger Escape Plan "pioneered" or even "created" the genre with the release of their debut album. Others have described the album's style as metalcore, avant-garde metal, hardcore punk,   grindcore,  and post-hardcore. Speaking to The Independent, the band's guitarist Weinman suggested that the challenging nature of the album's material was intentional, explaining that "Calculating Infinity was us effectively ripping up the music theory book; if someone said 'don't harmonize with a second, it just sounds out of tune', then every single lead we did, we'd harmonize with a second. It sounded disgusting, but we did it". Natalie Zina Walschots of Exclaim! described the album's style as "even more avant-garde" than the band's first two extended plays, which she had noted featuring "complex and technical guitar work", "unpredictable shifts in tempo and tone" and "fractured song structures". Decibel writer Daniel Lake described the album as a combination of "gouts of noise, rhythmic chaos, jazzy runs and cinematic interludes".

According to vocalist Dimitri Minakakis, the majority of the lyrical content on Calculating Infinity is based on his experience in dysfunctional relationships. Speaking to Decibel magazine, Minakakis explained that "Most of my Dillinger lyrics were predicated on myself ... I just had stupid relationships with idiotic people, and I'd just write a song about it", concluding that "most of the lyrics on Calculating Infinity were based on human insecurity. That's where I got the best material." The album's title was suggested by guitarist Brian Benoit, who recalled to Decibel: "Since so much of the material lyrically was about failing relationships, I kind of took it as a "love not lasting forever" sort of thing ... Obviously, forever – or infinity – isn't going to happen ... so let's see how long we can calculate before this blows up in our face."

Reception and legacy
Critical response to Calculating Infinity was positive. AllMusic writer Jason Hundey described the album as "spew[ing] forth anger and venomous misery in a way that is comparable only to spontaneous combustion", adding that it expands upon "the ultra-aggressive, deliciously technical approach they adopt toward grind and hardcore". Hundey praised the release for being "both screechingly abrasive ... and morbidly beautiful", dubbing it "explosive and brilliant", singling the tracks "43% Burnt" and "Weekend Sex Change" out for praise. Decibel's Kevin Stewart-Panko wrote: "Regardless of what you think about Calculating Infinity, you can't deny that the 11 tracks on this album revolutionized extreme music and raised the bar in terms of technicality, musicianship, speed, dynamics," describing it as a "groundbreaking metallic hardcore album". The CMJ New Music Report noted that "this noisy album is almost painful to listen to, but it's compelling enough to turn you into a happy masochist." Terrorizer magazine ranked the album as the 15th best release of the year, while Metal Hammer also included it in a retrospective top ten list for 1999 published in 2017.

Calculating Infinity has since been lauded as a landmark release for the band and the genre. Rolling Stone ranked it the 56th greatest metal album of all-time in a 2017 feature, praising it for featuring "an underlying logic, [and] a sense of structure that lifted songs ... to a realm above the noise and fury of everyday hardcore". In 2023, they listed "43% Burnt" as the 97th greatest metal song of all time. Metal Hammer columnist Stephen Hill claimed that the album "changed the face of metal" and demonstrated that the members of the band were "serious and inventive musicians, not just one dimensional noisemongers". Writing for MetalSucks, Amy Sciaretto suggested that Calculating Infinity was the album "that made Dillinger so revered by the metal underground, and obviously, those listening to metal", while Alternative Press writer Colin McGuire described the album as "one of the most influential collections of experimental metal the genre has seen in the last two decades". Metal Injection ranked Calculating Infinity as the sixth best debut album in heavy metal in a 2016 feature, while Loudwire ranked it at number ten on their own list on the same topic in 2017, with writer Graham Hartmann hailing it as "the most spastic, mathematical, chaotic and contradicting metal album ever released". Loudwire later listed the record at number three on their list of the "25 Best Metalcore albums of all-time".

Track listing
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Calculating Infinity. Songwriting credits via ASCAP.

"Variations on a Cocktail Dress" ends at 2:15; a hidden track containing samples from the 1959 film The Diary of Anne Frank begins after three minutes of silence.

Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Calculating Infinity.

 * The Dillinger Escape Plan
 * Dimitri Minakakis – vocals
 * Ben Weinman – lead guitar, rhythm guitar, bass guitar
 * Brian Benoit – rhythm guitar
 * Chris Pennie – drums, keyboards

 * Production
 * Ben Weinman – production
 * Chris Pennie – production
 * Steve Evetts – production, engineering
 * Aaron Harris – engineering assistance
 * Jason Hellmann – engineering assistance
 * Alan Douches – mastering
 * Adam Peterson – graphic design
 * Paul Delia – photography
 * Scott Kinkade – additional photography

title: Calculating Infinity


text:
Talk:Dorothea Jordan

Untitled
Can anyone tell me where the  Dorothy  in the title comes from? Certainly not from the article, where that name is never mentioned. Should the U.S. actress ( http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0429923/ ) need a disambiguation page?  00:38, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

See Talk:Dorothy Jordan (film actress) for a fairly recent discussion. PatGallacher (talk) 19:56, 11 May 2011 (UTC)

Mistress vs partner
I have just undone an uncited edit in which the term mistress had been changed to partner. Dorothea Jordan lived in a society which was socially different from ours, so that the terminology of the time (however we may object to it today) reflects contemporary attitudes and behaviours. Jordan was producing children with a nationally important person who needed legitimate heirs. Her position challenged any wife and heir that he might have. So the word mistress reflects that. Storye book (talk) 07:28, 30 December 2013 (UTC)

A Country Girl
The link seems to go to the wrong play, because the one it goes to opened 115 years too late to be the one the article refers to, and there is no part of "Peggy."Songflower (talk) 20:28, 19 June 2018 (UTC)

Siblings place of burial
Several different spellings of what seems to be the same place, but no working source - which is it? Is it referring to the hamlet 2 miles north of St Davids (no apostrophe) in Pembrokeshire, Wales - now known as Treleddyd/Treleddyn?

Mentioned are: 1. St David's, as of Trelethin 2. Trelethin, St David's 3. St David's, Pembrokeshire 4. parish was at Trelethyn.

SuzannaQ (talk) 21:14, 21 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dorothea Jordan


text:
Talk:Lucas Mangope

Name
Motswedi Ba hurutshe-Boo-Manyane tribe I hope I spelt that right. --Roisterer 00:40, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

His opposition to reintegration with South Africa in 1994, and the bloody events surrounding that, should be mentioned. --Delirium 12:47, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Copyright violation
I removed a very large section of text taken directly from http://jpstillwater.blogspot.com (and even admitted that that is where it came from). Per WP:COPY this cannot be added, nor are blogs a reliable source. Please keep an eye on this page for future copyright issues. Thanks! Ariel ♥ Gold 11:44, 18 September 2007 (UTC)

factual validity
I guess there are a couple of statement that need to be checked on factual validity. Especially concerning the annexation of Bophuthatswana. --41.16.75.66 (talk) 22:46, 5 April 2011 (UTC)

Hearsay
"With most residents in favour of reintegration, the defence force mutinied" - This is hearsay. There is some indication that the mutiny was the result of malicious meddling rather then "popular demand". --41.151.250.9 (talk) 11:38, 27 August 2012 (UTC)

Urban Legend
The donkey story seems to be an urban legend. --105.4.2.94 (talk) 20:32, 9 May 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lucas Mangope


text:
User talk:Jvraba

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Follow the Simplified Ruleset
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry article cleanup
Hi,

I'm willing to do any necessary clean up with your article on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. However, could you provide me with your references so it will be much easier to figure out how to clean up the article? Allentchang 08:23, 23 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * I'll try to get the cleanup done before Christmas. Allentchang 22:00, 11 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Sign your vote
If you want someone to count your vote at Votes for deletion/List of Roman Catholics you should sign your comment (just add ~ ) NoSeptember  11:52, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

If you are an Attorney, I suggest you do your research prior to making statements. There is no U.S. jurisdiction that I can find that prohibits attorneys holding the J.D. from using the title doctor under the current ethics rules. In fact, the ABA and all states that have examined the issue under the current ethics rules have stated that it is permissible. It is true that under the former cannons of ethics, the use of the title doctor was prohibited as self-laudation. However, if any jurisdiction still has such an ethics rule, it would be found to be unconstitutional as were ethics rules prohibiting attorney advertising.75.13.146.44 14:25, 5 September 2006 (UTC)

Digital vehicle lighting
Another editor has added the "prod" template to the article Digital vehicle lighting, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the prod template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 22:16, 22 January 2008 (UTC)

Possibly unfree File:Portrait of Robert Septimus Gardiner.jpg
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Portrait of Robert Septimus Gardiner.jpg, has been listed at Possibly unfree files because its copyright status is unclear or disputed. If the file's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. You may find more information on the file description page. You are welcome to add comments to its entry at if you object to the listing for any reason. Thank you. Stefan2 (talk) 17:13, 26 January 2014 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Ernest Addison Moody portrait.jpg

The file File:Ernest Addison Moody portrait.jpg has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Lacks source information. I'm unable to verify that this is actually a legitimate photo of the subject, and the uploader is long gone."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion.

This bot DID NOT nominate any file(s) for deletion; please refer to the page history of each individual file for details. Thanks, FastilyBot (talk) 01:00, 22 February 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jvraba


text:
File:Dillinger Escape Plan 'Irony is a Dead Scene' album cover.jpg

From allmusic.com.


text:
Talk:Adventures of the Gummi Bears

Untitled
The number of episodes mentioned in the text doesn't match with the listing of episodes.

There are 94 episodes: 60 11-minute episodes 33 22-minute episodes 1 44-minute episode

That works out to 30+33+2=65 30-minute shows, which are also being called episodes.

Try comparing this article with this url: http://televisioninfo.blogspot.com/2005/08/disneys-adventures-of-gummi-bears.html It does look nearly identical, but the URL says it all. Either someone it could have been copied to Blogspot or been copied from Blogspot to Wikipedia.

 * The URL (as you pointed out) is for August 2005, the WikiPedia entry was definitely first, as the version from July 2005 is identical (or almost identical). Also, the inclusion of this...

The Gummies The Gummi Bears Enlarge The Gummi Bears

 * ...is pretty good evidence that the blog was copied from the wiki. -- VederJuda 16:56, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

Gummi Bears on Tickle-U?
Wow, the Gummi Bears on Tickle-U!!! You can't be serious? Where's the citation? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Ducktalesfan (talk • contribs).

As far as I can tell, there has been a rumor floating around since 2006 that the show will be shown on Cartoon Network. There don't seem to be any reliable sources to back this up. Mrbean22 (talk) 14:35, 18 December 2008 (UTC)

Gummi Bears and Wuzles
I changed the article part that said that the Wuzles preceeded Gummi Bears. They did not. The two shows premiered on the SAME day. Both hold the number 1 spot in that respect. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Liongear (talk • contribs) 17:46, 13 March 2007 (UTC).

Copying from a website...
Oy do I hate to bring this up, as I really appreciate the value of this page on Wikipedia (I was a huge Gummi Bears fan growing up, and still am a fan)--however, it seems that practically the entire introductory text (possibly more) is copied word-for-word from the 3rd external link, "http://cortneywilliams.com/gummibears". Sorry. JasonDUIUC 14:10, 27 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Woot--I dug a little bit deeper, and checked the history logs carefully -- it appears that Wiki actually originated the info, and the external link is actually the plagiarist! Crisis averted :-D JasonDUIUC 14:26, 27 May 2007 (UTC)

Barbics?
Correct me if I'm wrong, but I can swear the barbarian Gummis' clansname is pronounced "barbits", so how come it's written with a "c" instead of "t"?

 * No, it's Barbics. But the two sound very similar, and it's possible the voice artists occasionally screwed up.

Sunni's tokenism?
I edited the entry on Sunni to remove the word "token". Frankly, I think every member of the Gummi Bears could be accused of being a token for their age group/gender. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.149.126.118 (talk) 18:16, 13 October 2008 (UTC)

D.A.R.E. does not like Gummi Bears?
The comment that DARE has been a critic of the Gummi Bears is unverified. Either verify it or it is on the block for deletion. USN1977 (talk) 15:28, 19 February 2009 (UTC)

It has been a week and the drug abuse comment has remained unverified. It's gone. I do not doubt the ridiculousness of some of the things D.A.R.E. has done in the past, but there is no proof that Adventures of the Gummi Bears was promoting drug use in kids through showing Gummiberry juice. USN1977 (talk) 14:47, 25 February 2009 (UTC)

Gummi Bears DVD Volume 2
The article says, "It is apparent that Volume 2 could be released in 2009." Where is the source on this? There has not been ANY confirmation from Disney about Volume 2 being released. 63.161.203.12 (talk) 16:32, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Any idea why Disney has been dragging its butt on a Volume 2 release? Did Volume 1 sell poorly or Disney is just focused on things like Jonas Brothers? 63.215.28.173 (talk) 06:16, 27 August 2010 (UTC)

Based on gummi bears?
Is this series really based on gummi bears? I've known both since my early childhood, but never thought of a connection between them. J I P | Talk 19:19, 6 June 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, Eisner asked his team to make a cartoon about the candy bears, and some very early story ideas that the writers were coming up with were actually related to the candy (based on my conversation with Jymn Magon a long time ago) --Cubbi (talk) 02:25, 7 June 2009 (UTC)

DVD releases in Region 2
Some countries in Region 2 have released DVDs, but what countries? Omitti86 (talk) 21:46, 14 November 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added tag to http://www.bcdb.com/Walt_Disney_Studios/Television/Disney_s_Adventures_of_the_Gummi_Bears/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131110091959/http://www.tv.com/shows/gummi-bears/forums/where-can-i-buy-gummi-juice-2595-901713/ to http://www.tv.com/shows/gummi-bears/forums/where-can-i-buy-gummi-juice-2595-901713/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 10:11, 11 September 2017 (UTC)

Unnecessary name-dropping
Hi ,

Normally I would go WP:BRD, but this doesn't make sense. Joseph Williams is clearly notable for himself, not because he's the son of John Williams or was singer of Toto at "one time" - he's the singer again actually, since 2010. Go figure. In this context, which is about the lead on the article on The Gummi Bears, an animated TV series, the background of the singer of the theme song is not necessary to mention in the lead - even if it's true. soetermans. ↑↑↓↓←→←→ B A TALK 16:02, 9 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Hi, reasonable people can disagree. I think it's interesting because "Joseph Williams" seems to be the name of some Joe Schmoe and I wouldn't click the WL, but "John Williams" and "Toto" are both, in my opinion, very well known. I won't revert its re-removal, but I think the article is less interesting and informative without it. JesseRafe (talk) 16:20, 9 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Adventures of the Gummi Bears


text: Category:Spanish language

title: Category:Spanish language


text:
Talk:Waitakere City

Arbitrary section header
Nearly ready for subheadings (and a spot of rearrangement), thanks to some recent substantial contributions by an anonymous enthusiast. And some of those suburbs need to have life breathed into their currently dead links - though some may just need "New Zealand" or something else added, so a "search" would be prudent. Huia, for example, is/was a bird too! Robin Patterson 00:47, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Took Robin's suggestion and added sub-headings. Also expanded the suburbs list - suggest this full(er) list can be used as a link by those who want to add an article on individual areas within the city. Other than that, most of the previous text was included. Changes - Tim Shadbolt was Mayor of Waitemata City, not Waitakere. Also removed reference to Muriwai Beach as it's in Rodney District, not Waitakere City. Ian Ford 23:43, 25 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Westies
Hi, I'm a bit unsure about my mention of the Westies nickname. Is this considered offensive by the locals? Thanks in advance for advice. :) -- Jonathan Ah Kit, 2003-10-27, 1940NZDT.

Above paragraph was copied from Talk:Waitakere, New Zealand when I redirected that page to this one Ian Ford 08:43, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Some do, some don't. Hopefully the text I've added to the new section will appease those sensitive Westies who are not enamoured with the tag. Ian Ford 08:43, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Waitakere, Waitakere and Waitakere
We currently have a "Waitakere" page as well as a "Waitakere, New Zealand". Obviously a spot of redirection should be employed. Rather than just go ahead and just do it, thought some discussion might be in order. The current Wiki wisdom seems to suggest that "Waitakere" is preferred, as there aren't any of them outside NZ. However - should "Waitakere" be a disambiguation page? We have:

Waitakere - the pre-European Maori chief who gave his name to the area

Waitakere City - this page

Waitakere (township / village) - in the north of the City, has actually had the Waitakere name a lot longer than the city. Not a huge place, but big enough to have a fire station, railway station, store and RSA.

Waitakere Ranges - the big green bit. In the Ranges you'll find Waitakere Dam and Waitakere Falls on the Waitakere River. Ian Ford 23:43, 25 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Great work, Ian. I had forgotten or not realised that there's a "Waitakere, New Zealand" page. Hmmm - looks like I'm the guilty one here! Strictly unnecessary, as you say - "there aren't any of them outside NZ". The Ranges might be worth a page on their own (where the River and Falls and Dam could be described) if anyone's keen, so I've left a link to inspire someone. I added a para to cover the earlier names/allocations; that can be expanded too (eg with your village notes above).

 * Maybe we should copy the "talk" item over to here?

 * And you or someone can copy the bulk of your Tim Shadbolt item to a new page for him unless he already has one (eg under his full name). Robin Patterson 01:29, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Redirected Waitakere, New Zealand to here today, and copied the "talk' here as well - thanks for the idea, Robin. Ian Ford 08:43, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * This is still named "Waitakere" - I am pretty sure the official name is Waitakere City. Ingolfson (talk) 10:47, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Waitakere City


text:
Wax (American band)

Wax was an American punk rock band from Los Angeles, California. Wax emerged during the pop punk resurgence of the early 1990s, and includes Joe Sib, Tom "Soda" Gardocki, Dave Georgeff, and Loomis Fall. The band is best known for their MTV buzz clip video "California", directed by Spike Jonze.

History
Wax formed in 1991 in Los Angeles, California. They released their first album, What Else Can We Do, on Caroline Records in 1992, with a surf-inflected punk rock style, comparable to the Ramones and Pixies. According to the liner notes, "Hold On" was the first song that the band ever wrote together. The album was produced by Daniel Rey at Convent Studios. Wax began a lasting relationship with Spike Jonze, who directed the music video for "Hush", filmed in Chicago, Illinois, where the majority of the band members originated prior to forming.

In 1995, the band issued its major label debut, 13 Unlucky Numbers, on Interscope/Atlantic, as well as a limited color vinyl version on the independent label Shattered Records, that also included a numbered gatefold sleeve and bonus track. Paul Q. Kolderie and Sean Slade acted as the production team for the sessions, recorded in the summer of 1993 at Fort Apache Studios. Spike Jonze was credited for the album's photography, and also directed two more music videos for the band.

13 Unlucky Numbers included the single "California", whose music video was later called "infamous" by NME and has been included on Artforum's website. The video depicted a man on fire running in slow motion, and was quickly banned from daytime airplay on MTV. It was included on a retrospective DVD of the director, Spike Jonze, where a still from the video was also shown on the cover of the collection. The video was also included in an episode of MTV's Beavis and Butt-head. The song became a moderate hit on American rock radio, reaching No. 28 on the Billboard Modern Rock charts in 1995. The album also included "Who Is Next", a song licensed to Nike for a commercial which featured Pete Sampras and Andre Agassi. The music video for the song featured Tim Armstrong and Lars Frederiksen of the band Rancid. On April 2, 1995, the band appeared on MTV's 120 Minutes to promote the release and perform live in the studio.

Wax was featured in several major motion pictures in the mid-1990s. Their song "Mallrats" appeared on the soundtrack of the 1995 Kevin Smith film Mallrats. In the movie itself, it is heard over the closing credits, just after "Susanne" by Weezer. The band briefly appeared in the 1996 film Bio-Dome, starring Pauly Shore and Stephen Baldwin, where they performed "He's a Whore", "Your Intelligence" and the Bobby Freeman song "Do You Wanna Dance?", during the party scene. The latter two songs appeared on the film's soundtrack. The band also contributed a cover of "Happy, Happy, Joy, Joy" to the cartoons' greatest hits album Saturday Morning, a song originally from The Ren & Stimpy Show.

After going their separate ways in 1995, Sib started the band 22 Jacks with Steve Soto of the Adolescents and Agent Orange, while continuing to develop his record label SideOneDummy. Gardocki went on to front Soda & His Million Piece Band, a Pogues-esque rock band who specialized in punk-inflected Americana and blues, and later played with Rose's Pawn Shop. Georgeff started the Los Angeles indie rock combo Sign of the Fox. Loomis became a recurring cast member and writer on Jackass, appeared on Wildboyz, and was present in Jackass: The Movie, Jackass Number Two, Jackass 2.5, Jackass 3D, and Jackass 3.5, and he will also appear in the upcoming Jackass Forever. He also released two albums as Loomis, Black Black and Cigarette, as well as playing drums for Chris Pontius' band, Scream for Me.

Recent activity
In July 2009 Wax reunited, announcing the release of Hangin' On, a 7" vinyl record featuring four unreleased songs that were originally intended to appear on 13 Unlucky Numbers. The idea was inspired by Record Store Day and saw release on SideOneDummy, with all proceeds donated to UCP Wheels for Humanity. Wax played their first show in fourteen years at Riot Fest in Chicago, with Naked Raygun and Rights of the Accused, at The Metro on October 9, 2009, following a small warm-up show in Los Angeles at the Darkroom. Wax opened for long-time friends and contemporaries Weezer after being asked by the band to support them for their October 24, 2009 performance at the Hollywood Palladium to promote the then-upcoming Raditude album.

Band members

 * Joe Sib – lead vocals
 * Tom "Soda" Gardocki – guitars, vocals
 * Dave Georgeff – bass, vocals
 * Loomis Fall – drums, vocals

Studio albums

 * I The LP version was issued on Shattered Records.

Extended plays and singles

 * "Who Is Next" (1994) Side One
 * "It Ain't Funny" (1994) Side One
 * "Who Is Next" (1995) Interscope/Atlantic
 * "California" (1995) Interscope/Atlantic
 * "Hangin' On" (2009) Side One Dummy

Compilations and soundtracks

 * Mallrats (1995) MCA
 * Saturday Morning: Cartoons' Greatest Hits (1995) MCA
 * Bio-Dome (1996) Priority Records

title: Wax (American band)