text:
He Zizhen

He Zizhen (20 September 1910 – 19 April 1984) was a Chinese soldier, revolutionary, and politician who was the third wife of Chairman Mao Zedong from 1928 to 1937 and participated in the Long March.

Early life and career
He Zizhen was born in Yunshan (云山, now Yongxin County), Jiangxi, in 1910, as He Guiyuan (贺桂圆), the second of four children. He's family were impoverished scholar-gentry that ran a tea house and sent He to a free Protestant missionary school in her youth. She joined the Communist Youth League of China in 1925 along with her siblings. He Zizhen later graduated from the Yongxin Girls' School and became a full member of the Chinese Communist Party in 1926.

Early Communist Activities
As a party member He Zizhen was made head of the county's Women's Bureau and worked as a traveling propagandist. She fought in the Yongxin uprising of 1927 and began serve as a communist partisan. An expert in guerrilla warfare and a capable fighter, He Zizhen was also an excellent shooter who earned the nickname of "Two-Gunned Girl General".

Relationship with Mao and the Long March
He Zizhen was introduced to Mao Zedong at Jinggangshan by Yuan Wencai, a classmate of her elder brother, in the spring of 1928. She and Mao married in 1928. When they married, Mao had not divorced his second wife Yang Kaihui, whom he had wed in 1920. Yang was arrested and executed in 1930 by the Kuomintang. While with Mao, He Zizhen restricted herself to clerical work and served as Mao's secretary. Despite this, she was still severely injured by shrapnel in 1935 and needed to be carried by stretcher on parts of the Long March, suffering 17 gunshot wounds during it.

He Zizhen had three daughters and three sons with Mao Zedong – she was pregnant ten times in her life – but except for their daughter, Li Min, all of them either died young or were separated from the family. This was partially due to the constant movement of the communists as they worked to evade the Kuomintang. Their eldest daughter, who was left to a local family in Fujian, was found and recognized by He Zizhen's brother in 1973, but never had the chance to meet Mao or He. Being closely pursued and having given birth to a daughter, He glanced at her and was carried back to the Long March, leaving 13 yuan and a note behind. Two English researchers who retraced the entire Long March in 2002–2003 located a woman whom they believe might be a missing child left in the care of others by Mao and He in 1935.

Divorce from Mao and sojourn in Russia
In 1937, Mao had allegedly begun an affair with Wu Lili, the interpreter of journalist Agnes Smedley. After a confrontation with Mao, He Zizhen traveled, pregnant, to the Soviet Union for treatment of a wound suffered earlier in battle, later attending the Communist Eastern University, under the pseudonym Ven Iun. In Moscow, in 1938, He Zizhen gave birth to a boy, Xiao Liuwa, who died shortly of pneumonia. Her daughter, Li Min, also suffered pneumonia after arriving in Moscow with Mao Anqing and Mao Anying to accompany He. According to Mao Anying, He Zizhen suffered severe depression after losing yet another child. To support three children, He took in washing, knitted socks, and went logging on weekends.

While He Zizhen was in Russia, Mao courted Jiang Qing, who would become his fourth wife. He Zizhen was reportedly "dispatched to a mental asylum in Moscow to make room for Jiang". He Zizhen was labeled schizophrenic and confined in a sanitarium between 1942 and 1946.

Later life and death
Upon her return to China in 1947, she found she could not hope to fulfill any sort of political role in Beijing, and moved to southern China, staying variously in Nanchang, Fuzhou and finally Shanghai. She later became the chair of Zhejiang Province Women's Union. After 1972, He raised her granddaughter, Kong Dongmei, in Shanghai. Together they traveled to the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, when He was elected to the fifth Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. She spent her last years in hospital in Shanghai, where she died on 19 April 1984.

Legacy
In 2007, a memorial hall was opened in Yongxin for He Zizhen with her daughter, Li Min, present as a guest.

title: He Zizhen


text:
User:Cosmic Disaster 99

99 Red Balloons

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Cosmic Disaster 99


text:
User talk:Dilloan

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Be Bold!

Sam [Spade] 03:59, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dilloan


text:
User:JoeSmack

About me: Hi there. My name is Justin. I have a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and a Master's Social Work degree. I am a rational moral objectivist. Since I don't believe that intellectual property rights exist, every word I write is (by default) in the public domain. I've found the best way to learn about the things you want is by writing or editing an article for them. This all sounds rather pithy. Oh well.

Articles I should expand:
 * Paul Eckman and his theory of universal emotions
 * 1903 Iroquois Theater Fire

"In the great journey of life, some how, some way, I always seem to end up taking the stairs..."

<!-- "Children don't usually follow their parents, but they rarely fail to imitate them." - James Baldwin

"How does you eat an elephant? Bit by bit." - Afrikaners saying

"Children have never been very good at listening to their elders, but they have never failed to imitate them." James Bawldwin

"Even the longest journey starts with a first step." - precious (film)

"Ask not for a lighter burden, but for broader shoulders." - jewish proverb

"The only difference between stumbling blocks and stepping stones is the way you use them." -found on exrx

"A fool always finds a greater fool to admire him." - Nicholas Boileau-Despreaux

"People are no disturbed by things but by their view of things." -Epictetus

"The universe is indifferent." -House

"Always think one step ahead...like a carpenter...that makes stairs..." -Melissa Perryman, instead of studying for finals (The Office).

Save 5% of each paycheck for retirement! - NPR

"You wouldn't force someone who is blind to drive a car, why would you force someone who is Deaf to hear?" - quote from class reading

"Our weapon is youth, and we're armed to the teeth." - picket sign right after obama's election night

"I'm gonna keep on travelin' until I find me some place to go." - Sam Lightin' Hopkins

"Family moto: if you have to ask, it's too late." - Joe Biden

"I read somewhere how important it is in life not necessarily to be strong but to feel strong, to measure yourself at least once." - Christopher McCandless

"She condenses meaning from the mere vapors of nuance - instinct and intuition are her right and left hands. Never, ever, forget just how perspicacious a woman can be." -personal insight

"Peace is not synonymous with the absence of conflict, rather with conflict resolved between the parties to an outcome allowing for the rights of all those involved."

"Never let schooling interfere with your education." -Mark Twain

"Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow." - Eric S. Raymond

"There is no wealth like knowledge and no poverty like ignorance." - Ali bin Abu-Talib.

"You invent better traps, we'll invent better mice." - Modified slashdot comment

"The quest for definition is what defines us as human beings; there will never be an ultimate answer because ultimately our ability to question is just too good." -Me

"Laws are valid only insofar as they are grounded in justice, and that a commitment to justice carries with it an obligation to disobey unjust laws." - King/Kohlberg

"Perfection is achieved, not when there is nothing more to add, but when there is nothing left to take away." - Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

"Behold the turtle! He makes progress only when he sticks his neck out." - Boondoxx

"You tell me what it is, and I'll tell you if I can help." - Soprano's (actually)

"A wise man knows everything; a shrewd man knows everybody." - old Chinese proverb

"Sometimes you need to stop worrying about where you're going, and start enjoying where you're at." -scrubs

"Value education not for what it gets but for what it gives." -Me

The problem with Wikipedia is that it only works in practice. In theory, it can never work (-Unknown)

"Wrong is wrong, even if everybody is doing it, and right is right, even if nobody is doing it." - St. Augustine of Hippo

How does a 7-person democracy cut a pie? Into 4 pieces. - Slashdot sig, user Fhqwhgadss Democracy is a sheep and two wolves deciding what to have for lunch. -Slashdot sig, user phayes

Epiphany is the journey and the destination. --Quiddity 07:19, 15 September 2006 (UTC)

Wow... consensus on an AIDS-reappraisal article. Next I'll start believing in Santa Claus again. MastCell 23:55, 14 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Case in point: I'm Jewish, and I don't believe in Santa Claus. That doesn't mean I can't contribute to the Santa Clause article. This in a nutshell is what NPOV is all about. JoeSmack Talk 04:39, 15 September 2006 (UTC)

"Must one have a reason to help those in need?" -Seven Years in Tibet "If the problem can be solved, there is no use worrying about it. If it can't be solved, worrying will do no good." -Tibetian Saying

"It's pretty hard to be efficient without being obnoxious." - K Hubbord

"I trust you, and you trust me and we'll both live through this." -- Joanie

"When even one is oppressed, no one is free." "Nevermore forget thy in such an ever glore"--this guy

"Does the distance one travels from center make one more free to move?

'''No. Freedom has two parts: potential and resolution; as metaphor has two parts: form and interpretation. Of course, the two are intertwined. Metaphor lines the road to freedom, as symbols and words are the bricks and mortar of meaning. Freedom is being the bricoleur, the mason."'''

 * Durandal

-->

title: User:JoeSmack


text:
Marilyn Martin

Marilyn Martin (born May 4, 1954) is an American singer and songwriter. She is best known for her 1985 hit duet with Phil Collins, "Separate Lives", which went to number one.

Early life
Marilyn Martin was born on May 4, 1954, in Tennessee but raised in Louisville, Kentucky. She was exposed to different genres of music as a child. Her father was a country and bluegrass fan, her mother liked R&B and her grandmother sang gospel. At age 18 she started singing with different bands, eventually joining one from Akron, Ohio. After five years of club gigs, the band had an opportunity to tour with Joe Walsh, who was headlining with Stevie Nicks. Also on the tour were Michael McDonald, Boz Scaggs, and Kenny Loggins. After the tour, Martin moved to Los Angeles, California, and began a prolific career as a backing vocalist for artists including Stevie Nicks, Joe Walsh, Don Henley, Tom Petty and Kenny Loggins.

Career
Martin became a protégée of Doug Morris, the then-head of Atlantic, who had heard her backing vocals on Nicks' album, Rock a Little, and was impressed enough to ask for a demo. She recorded the Nicks' song "Sorcerer" (on which Nicks sang backing vocals) for the Jim Steinman soundtrack of the 1984 film Streets of Fire. Morris signed Martin to a two-album recording contract and connected her with Phil Collins for "Separate Lives," part of the soundtrack for the 1985 film White Nights. The song was a number one hit in the U.S. and a Top 5 hit in the United Kingdom.

Martin's self-titled debut album was released in January 1986, reaching number 72 on the Billboard 200, with the single "Night Moves" reaching number 28 on the Billboard Hot 100. Two other singles were also released from the album, "Body and the Beat" and "Move Closer," but neither charted. Her second album, This Is Serious, was released in 1988, with its lead single "Possessive Love" written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard. The single "Love Takes No Prisoners" was released as well, with the ballad "Quiet Desperation" as the B-side. The same year, Martin recorded the duet "And When She Danced", used in the movie Stealing Home.

Neither the singles nor the album were commercially successful, and Atlantic dropped her. She continued her career as a backing vocalist into the 1990s. In 1993, Martin moved to Nashville where she recorded a country album, Through His Eyes, for Atlantic in 1994. The album was never released, but is available through Martin's official website.

In 1997, Martin recorded a duet "I Live for Love" with David Hasselhoff, which appears on his album Hooked on a Feeling.

On September 14, 2012, Martin released the album Trust, Love, Pray, a Christian music album featuring songs written by Martin, including "Every Way and Always", which received airplay on Christian, Praise, and Worship stations.

Marilyn reunited with Stevie Nicks in October 2016, singing backup vocals for the 24 Karat Gold Tour and filling in for Lori Nicks. She continued working with Stevie Nicks, touring as a backing vocalist with Fleetwood Mac in 2019.

Personal life
Martin has been married to guitarist, music producer and engineer Greg Droman since 1976. The pair lived in Nashville in the 1990s and 2000s, where Martin was small business owner and a real estate agent. The couple later moved to Los Angeles and live in Healdsburg, California.

Studio albums

 * Marilyn Martin (1986)
 * This Is Serious (1988)
 * Trust, Love, Pray (2012)

Unreleased album

 * Through His Eyes (1994)

Singles

 * "Sorcerer" – 1984, Streets of Fire soundtrack
 * "Separate Lives" - 1985, Duet with Phil Collins, No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 & No. 1 Adult Contemporary
 * "Night Moves" - Originally released in 1985, No. 28 in 1986 Billboard Hot 100 and No. 18 Album Rock Tracks (Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart)
 * "Thank You" (Japanese Bonus Track) - 1986
 * "Through The Night" – 1986, Duet with John Parr, Love Song From Quicksilver
 * "Move Closer" – 1986
 * "Body and the Beat" – 1986
 * "Possessive Love" – 1988
 * "Love Takes No Prisoners" – 1988
 * "And When She Danced" – 1988, Duet with David Foster (#73 Canada )
 * "Your Eyes" – 1990, From Tatsuro Yamashita's Covers From Coast: The Nexus
 * "A Boy's Season" – 1991
 * "No Regrets" – 1992, Duet with Charles Dumont
 * "Through His Eyes" – 1994
 * "I Live for Love" – 1997, Duet with David Hasselhoff

title: Marilyn Martin


text:
User talk:Kurraider

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Policy Library
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 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Be Bold!

Sam [Spade] 04:01, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kurraider


text:
Talk:Flag of Hawaii

Independence Movement Flags

Can we please move the Hawai‘i Independence Flag to a new entry of its own? There is nothing in the article referring to it except for the banner under the image itself. Furthermore, I don't think it's appropriate for inclusion in an article about Ka Hae Hawai‘i. A link to the new entry would be fine with text such as: "There is a separate Hawai‘i Independence Flag used by sovereignty organizations in Hawai‘i". -- Mordomo, 29 July 2004

 * I think this article could be improved by covering the flag(s?) of Hawaiian independence advocates, such as the Hawaiian Independence Flag. Would not adding material about this flag and its contested relationship to the Ka Hae Hawai‘i would be preferable to splitting off a separate flag stub?  --ScottMainwaring 20:05, 18 March 2007 (UTC)

Union Flag / Union Jack
changed a line to Union Flag not Union Jack. Still plenty of Wiki articles refering to the Union Jack when the flag is only known as a Jack when flown from a ship or boat. when flown from buildings etc its always known as the Union flag   —Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.2.65.41 (talk) 20:19, 5 February 2010 (UTC)

Just because something is repeated often, does not make it true. "Union Jack" and "Union Flag" are synonymous. It is modern pedantry that insists on "Union Flag", which has no basis in history where the flag has always been called the Union Jack by common usage since its creation. See the wiki article on the subject...82.38.193.11 (talk) 21:54, 24 October 2013 (UTC)

in continuous use?
Quote:

 * Ka Hae Hawai‘i is one of the oldest flags in the world in continuous use

Is it? If so, we should add this remark to the Union Jack page too, cos that's clearly older. Andy G 18:35, 19 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I know it's one of the oldest flags in the United States in continuous use, but I'm not so sure its one of the oldest flags in continuous use in the world. --Gerald Farinas 19:18, 19 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Well, going through the flags page and the Flags of the World, here are all the flags that I've found so far that are older than 1816 or so. I'm sure I've missed some obvious choices, so I'll add to this list if I can find more (or feel free to do so yourselves). I'm not counting minor changes to a flag (such as adding stars in the United States' flag or putting the St. Patrick's cross in the Union Flag). I'm also not counting what the flag stands for (such as Turkey's flag) as long as it's been in continuous use.
 * Turkey, 1793 or earlier (used for the Ottoman empire, then Turkey as a nation)
 * France, 1794
 * United Kingdom, 1606 for the original Union Flag (although the United Kingdom didn't exist until 1707)
 * United States, 1777
 * Austria, 13th century origins
 * Denmark, 1219 or so
 * Japan, legend of the flag dates back to 13th century, 15th century if you count it being used as flown from ships, otherwise it dates from the Meiji Restoration of 1868
 * Argentina, 1816
 * Sweden, 16th century
 * Spain, 1785 (since 1843 as national and army flag ,since 1927 as merchant flag)
 * Switzerland, proposed 1817, first flown 1821
 * Netherlands, 1813 (end of French occupation)
 * Martinique, 1766
 * Chile, 1817

The FotW's Adoption Dates of Flags is a good reference for this, but they list the date the flag was last changed, rather than when it was first used. Even by this standard, Hawaii's flag dates from 1843, and is still older than most: Curiously, in this list, Japan's flag dates from 1999! --Mordomo 06:27, 31 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Norway, 1821
 * Peru, 1825
 * Belgium, 1831
 * Uruguay, 1830 (first adopted 1828)
 * Paraguay, 1842

 * When when the average reader sees such a remark, he / she will expect such a flag to be close to the top of such a list, not around 20 places down on it. I'm removing this line. Valentinian (talk) 17:37, 2 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The dimensions of Japan's flag were formally changed in 1999, so though the basic design (the hinomaru against a white background) remains the same, I guess it counts as a new flag. 笑. LordAmeth 18:10, 21 May 2007 (UTC)

 * In addition, between 1945 and 1999 there was no OFFICIAL flag of Japan, though the hi no maru was used that way. In 1999 it was made official. Nik42 06:03, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

Please move this page...
...for consistency with the article lead. Since Ka Hae Hawaiʻi is problematic due to the okina not being supported by most fonts I propose the following: Ka Hae Hawai‘i which looks reasonably similar. At least it would be an improvement from the current title, no? Shinobu 03:56, 1 December 2007 (UTC)

British protectorate???
This article says Hawaii was a British protectorate, but this isn't mentioned in the history of Hawaii article!--Jack Upland (talk) 00:28, 29 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Technically not an actual protectorate. Nothing was ever official. King Kamehameha I offered his entire kingdom to the British as a protectorate of sort but Britain decline the offer; some comtemporaries compared Kamehameha to Indian rajh, who were under British control. His successor also had close ties to Britain. In 1843 the Paulet Affair made Hawaii a British colonies for a time.--KAVEBEAR (talk) 00:01, 26 July 2011 (UTC)

Nine stripes and Nihoa
I heard that there was once nine stripes on the Hawaiian flag, but Nihoa was uninhabited at the time of the start of the Kingdom and for many generations prior, and it was, according to other sources, unknown to the Hawaiians except in chants and oral traditions until Kaahumanu and Kaumualii sail to the island and claimed it for the kingdom in 1822.--KAVEBEAR (talk) 23:33, 25 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Also no explorers left any mentions on where the union jack sat on either the nine-striped version or the seven-striped version.--KAVEBEAR (talk) 07:00, 29 July 2011 (UTC)

Seven stripes???
It mentioned "The number of stripes also changed: originally, the flag was designed with seven horizontal stripes, and in 1845 it was officially changed to eight stripes. The latter arrangement was adopted and is used today." Yet there isn't a seven striped flag listed at all.--KAVEBEAR (talk) 00:06, 26 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Also no explorers left any mentions on where the union jack sat on either the nine-striped version or the seven-striped version.--KAVEBEAR (talk) 07:00, 29 July 2011 (UTC)

What islands the seven stripe version represent is even a bigger problem. In this it is mention that the seven stripe represent all the island under Kamehameha's control not counting the four ruled by Kaumualii his viceroy. First off what other island is there beyond Kauai to make the number seven and what were the four islands rule by Kaumualii.--KAVEBEAR (talk) 07:19, 29 July 2011 (UTC)

"Kanaka Maoli" Flags
There should not be any discussion of the so called Kanaka Maoli Flag in the same article as the legitimate. historically known flags of Hawaii. The section that was there was so poorly written as to have been laughable. There is no historical evidence of any such flag ever. If and when its proponents can prove its historical bona fides, then and only then should it be included. Scottca075 (talk) 23:29, 20 February 2014 (UTC)

 * I put the Kanaka Maoli flag back in as it has become very popular in recent years. Yes, you are right that there is not verified historical evidence of the flag being used, but I'm sure hundreds of people come to this article to learn more about it so the omission seems more misleading than presenting the facts. It's better to write that it is an unverified claim than to not mention it at all. NotAWittyFish (talk) 02:38, 22 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Can we start putting "unverified facts" in other articles because they are popular unverified facts? Why on earth is something that is admittedly not a fact in a resource that strives for accuracy? Scottca075 (talk) 03:11, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * The Kanaka Maoli flag is notable, despite the lack of verifications of the claims surrounding it. Acknowledging that the claims are unverifiable is not nearly the same thing as making unverified claims (which would be against the standards of Wikipedia.) All statements in the entry are sourced.  Not A  Witty Fish  14:31, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * This has all the hallmarks of deliberately manufactured history, which is something Wikipedia strives to avoid documenting. In particular, to avoid WP:CIRC, which in the past has resulted in Wikipedia citing sources which in turn cite Wikipedia to validate their claims. I'd suggest this entire section needs to be deleted. Tarl N. ( discuss ) 20:47, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I don't see how this is different than the entries on flat Earth or Bigfoot. Acknowledging that other people are making claims is not the same as asserting they are true. Given the flag's notability, the only other option I see is giving it it's own page, but that feels like undue weight per WP:UNDUE.  Not A  Witty Fish  21:22, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * WP:WHATABOUTX.Tarl N. ( discuss ) 02:38, 8 November 2022 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Flag of Hawaii. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20060703123112/http://members.aol.com:80/lvhalau/HawFlagProcl.html to http://members.aol.com/lvhalau/HawFlagProcl.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 01:31, 17 October 2015 (UTC)

where is the current flag of hawaii
where is the current flag of hawaii — Preceding unsigned comment added by Nitsnitz (talk • contribs) 15:56, 25 October 2016 (UTC)

Unnecessary trivia
A statement has been added to the lede: "It also inadvertently features the former flags of Montenegro, Serbia, and Yugoslavia, as well as the flag of Poland, though this is coincidental."

I'd regard this is excessive trivia. Unlike with the union jack, the resemblance to the flags in question are that they have stripes and use a subset of the colors. If this kind of trivia is necessary, we should include the Russian flag and the flag of France too, although one is rotated 90˚ and the other 180˚. We should also edit the flags of every state which has any green and include the fact that it include the Flag of Libya. And every flag which has red and white should note that it includes the flag of Poland.

I think this is a prime case that even if someone has a WP:RS stating it, it doesn't belong in this article, let alone in the lede. Tarl N. ( discuss ) 18:40, 10 December 2017 (UTC)

Union Jack or Union Flag
There have been a number of edits recently changing Union Jack to Union Flag, under the claim that it's only called the Union Jack when it is aboard a ship out of harbor. My understanding is that concept (only being a Union Jack when sailing) is quite new, and certainly wasn't in place at the time the Hawaii flag was created. Comments? Tarl N. ( discuss ) 17:44, 7 May 2019 (UTC)

Early version of the Flag shows 8 stripes - not 9
The photo in the article labelled "Flag of Hawaii, 1816–1845" has 9 stripes. But there is at least one piece of evidence that the flag had only 8 stripes for at least part of that time. The site Hawaiian Kingdom.org (https://hawaiiankingdom.org/blog/the-hawaiian-national-flag-and-royal-flag/) features a portrait purportedly drawn around 1819 or shortly thereafter that includes both the national flag and the royal ensign. The flag in the drawing clearly shows 8 stripes with a white stripe at the top and what looks like a red stripe at the bottom (the image is in black and white, but you can see the difference between the read and blue stripes in the darkness of the shading) (https://hawaiiankingdom.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Hawn-Flag-Adams-Collection.jpg). Should another rendering be added to the article with this color scheme to represent that the flag shown in the portrait was also used? It seems like this actual drawing of the flag from that time period would be worthwhile to inform an additional rendering on the side of the article just for the sake of clarity and accuracy. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 215.1.59.11 (talk) 20:54, 6 November 2019 (UTC)

Current Flag Image Has Some Incorrect Proportions
According to Hawaii Revised Statutes §5-19 the stripes in the jack are a bit out of proportion in the main infobox representation of the Hawaiian flag. The width of the stripe with its borders is meant to be the same as the width of the horizontal stripes.

I've uploaded a new SVG that is in compliance but I haven't yet replaced the existing one:

--Tymcode (talk) 20:39, 21 June 2021 (UTC)

Confused by this part
"Adams noted that in 1817 on his way to China he raised his own ensign on Kauai in lieu of a Russian flag as the king had no other." - Why would a Scottish captain raise a Russian flag? -- Hux (talk) 16:06, 14 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Comment about Russia was added with this edit by User:Mark Miller. Tarl N. ( discuss ) 17:28, 14 July 2021 (UTC)
 * It was a Kingdom of Hawaii ship called the; "Kaahumanu" being Captained by Adams under the Hawaiian navy, which he commanded. I will clarify. Mahalo.--Mark Miller (talk) 21:28, 15 July 2021 (UTC)
 * The question is why does the Russian flag get involved? And where is the cite? Tarl N. ( discuss ) 01:47, 16 July 2021 (UTC)
 * You are right that it is part of the initial question. The citation is at the end of the full claim from the source which is "The Friend". I can add the same citation next to the precise mention after I further clarify the situation with the Russian flag and the Russian Fort on Kauai.--Mark Miller (talk) 02:14, 16 July 2021 (UTC)
 * In the source, they are commenting on content from Thrum's annual of 1879. In 1817, the Island of Kauai was still independent in some ways, although considered a vassal to Kamehameha I. Russia had established a complete fort but did not take over the island however, held some stake in the lands for a short period. This is somewhat established in the source but could be strengthened. When I added this portion I had not yet understood the significance of the Russian Fort Elizabeth.--Mark Miller (talk) 02:23, 16 July 2021 (UTC)

, . I have clarified and added a bit more with more references but please let me know of any concerns. Mahalo!--Mark Miller (talk) 18:22, 16 July 2021 (UTC)
 * . Makes much more sense now! Thanks for improving it. --- Hux (talk) 19:56, 16 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Ah - agreed, much better. This was because Kaumualii had a Russian ensign left over from the Russian-America company, and Adams provided a different flag. Much, much easier to understand, thanks. Tarl N. ( discuss ) 22:16, 16 July 2021 (UTC)

Moving from article
This source might be used later;

--Mark Miller (talk) 21:23, 16 July 2021 (UTC)

And this;

--Mark Miller (talk) 21:37, 16 July 2021 (UTC)

Missing image?
At the top of the gallery of images there is an entry “Flag designed by Louis Agard…”

In my browser (Safari on iPad) I do not see any image. I have no idea how to fix this. William.quay (talk) 15:46, 6 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Flag of Hawaii


text:
User talk:Essar

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text
 * IRC channel
 * Mailing lists
 * Current polls

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Be Bold!

Sam [Spade] 04:04, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Essar


text:
User talk:Ieshan~enwiki

Just a welcome note
I looked over some of your edits after recieving your note and have found them to be beneficial. Glad to have you, Sam [Spade] 20:25, 31 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Ieshan. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Ieshan~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:28, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 13:59, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ieshan~enwiki


text:
User talk:Blogjack

"blogjack" aka Glen Raphael
I'm a software geek and musician in New York. I first met Shakey the Robot when I was about 4 years old.

Some hobby interests:
 * blackjack
 * backgammon
 * fire-spining/poi and other circus arts
 * exercise-oriented videogames

Some real-world things I created:
 * NewtPaint (a paint program for the Apple Newton)
 * the Stanford Newton User's Group (SNUG)
 * Dailygammon.com (along with my friend Jordan)

My (old) personal blogs were: http://blogjack.net http://videogameworkout.com

Blogjack 07:31, 28 August 2005 (UTC)

Feel free to ask me anything. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Re : Patri Friedman
Drop me an email. I'll retrieve and send you the old copy for you to work on. - Best regards, Mailer Diablo 06:21, 1 July 2008 (UTC)

Restored, but prodded for notability; maybe I'm jaundiced because I've known David since 1971. Could you convert those references to proper citations/footnotes in citation format? There's a boring amount of detailed instructions at WP:CITE. -- Orange Mike  |   Talk  13:13, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

Re: Climatic Research Unit e-mail hacking incident
Rolbacks are automatically marked as minor. Please state your concerns on the talk page rather than reverting to a disputed version. Viriditas (talk) 07:38, 21 December 2009 (UTC)
 * This was not an appropriate use of the Rollback feature for just that reason. The deleted content was not vandalism or nonsense; rollback is for edits where simply looking at the diff it's immediately obvious why it was removed. Which this was not. --Blogjack (talk) 22:39, 21 December 2009 (UTC)

 * Hi. Your concern with the use of rollback refers to this edit by User:P Carn.  Please take up your concerns with the user on their talk page.  The deleted comment was made by, who had been edit warring from two accounts and had violated the 3RR.  I would like to cordially invite you to take your concerns about this content to Talk:Climatic Research Unit e-mail hacking incident where we can discuss it further.  Thanks. Viriditas (talk) 01:17, 22 December 2009 (UTC)

 * "edit warring *from two accounts*" is not how I would have described "edited once or twice without logging in, but then when the page got semi-protected to exclude anonymous or recent accounts, thereafter logged in to user's pre-existing account to edit." Anyway, I'll take it to talk if need be. Or just let it slide. I didn't care much about this particular change other than that I found the deletion underexplained. --Blogjack (talk) 22:11, 5 January 2010 (UTC)

Re: Public good
I noticed you removed the Public Infrastructure sidebar from the article. If you are a student of economics or engineering, you would know public goods actually refer to the specific assets and facilities defined under public infrastructure (i.e., roads, rails, water systems). They don't just share the word 'public'. I added the sidebar to connect the scholarship on the subject, especially relating the economic theory of public goods to the delivery systems and management of infrastructure projects; for instance, why governments are the best market actor to construct and maintain such nonrival/nonexcludable goods like bridges and airports. But if you see it fit to disinclude it, I'll leave it at that. --Socipoet (talk) 13:55, 4 August 2011 (UTC)
 * The economic concept of public good really doesn't have much to do with that. Bridges and airports are both rival and excludable. Your use of the bridge makes it more congested and hence harder for me to use it, so bridges are rival. There are guards at the entrance to every gate at the airport limiting access to only the people who have tickets, so airports are excludable. Regardless, governments probably *aren't* the best market actor to construct and maintain either - especially airports - though we're probably stuck with that equilibrium for now due to path dependence. --Blogjack (talk) 20:46, 4 August 2011 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for May 28
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited The Doubleclicks, you added links pointing to the disambiguation pages Portland and Kevin Murphy (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

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Nomination of Hello, The Future! for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Hello, The Future! is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Hello, The Future! until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Star  Mississippi  23:15, 8 December 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Blogjack


text:
User talk:Ben Standeven

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text
 * IRC channel
 * Mailing lists
 * Current polls

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Be Bold!

Sam [Spade] 04:08, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Just a quick note of thanks for your cleanup and additions on Astrodynamics. Good job. JesseW 19:01, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Joshua
The version I was working on during protection is at Historicity of Jesus/. Its got a bit stalled, due to my involvement in quite a lot of other talk pages. CheeseDreams 16:44, 24 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Ive almost finished a section now at Jesus and syncretism CheeseDreams 15:11, 28 Nov 2004 (UTC)

WikiProject Jesus
In order to try to work out the relationship between all the various pages and hopefully get some consensus, Mpolo has opened a WikiProject to centralize discussion and debate. We've got several "conflicted" pages at the moment, and without centralizing discussion, it's going to get very confusing. Please join the project, if you're interested in the topic, and start discussions on the talk page. (We need to create a to-do list, but Mpolo thinks the current state is too conflicted to decide even that.) CheeseDreams 17:03, 24 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Putting a link here
Putting this link here will undoubtably attract Slrubenstein and Sam Spade and company to the link destination. Nethertheless, would you like to comment?

Requests for comment/CheeseDreams

Request
Could you take a look at Requests for arbitration/CheeseDreams You can comment on the talk page, or in "evidence" CheeseDreams 00:55, 11 December 2004

Pathos
They have just started another revert war at Historicity of Jesus CheeseDreams 14:19, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

To Do list
Could you add these two pages to your to do list, there is some extremely POV editing going on by TBSDY
 * 1 - and evidence of TBSDY's extreme POV editing there -
 * 2 - and evidence of TBSDY's extreme POV editing there -, , and most of all

Also note that the critical books removed are the more respected of the group, but the ones left in more dubious. The same goes for trying to tie all of the aspects to people like Hislop, Freke, and Gandy. Also note that Freke & Gandy's book was regarded by the Daily Telegraph as "an erudite and well researched book stuffed with controversial ideas", and so inserting only the CNN viewpoint is a heavy and POV attempt to discredit it.

Here are some links you might find useful for commenting on TBSDY
 * WP:RFC
 * WP:RFM
 * WP:RFAR

Thanks. Good luck. And don't give in. And just to check what is going on
 * WP:AN

 * I've just seen this. Please, feel free to review my edits! Also be aware that this is most likely CheeseDreams commenting, however she has been blocked for a day for editing articles related to Christianity (and thus violating the ArbCom order) and then blocked for a week for using someone to edit for her as a proxy. - Ta bu shi da yu 01:59, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Oh, and also I suggest that you carefully look at the edit history. I did not remove the book reviews that talks about the "erudite and well researched books (etc)" comment. That was another user, not related to me! - Ta bu shi da yu 02:00, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Jesus
Please comment on Jguk's most recent actions,. It seems to me that he is destroying what I thought was a carefully constructec (though not, of course perfect) NPOV article.Slrubenstein  |  Talk  15:14, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Votes for deletion/Tiamat (Planet)
Why did you say "The result of the debate was keep" in Votes for deletion/Tiamat (Planet) but you then you redirected the concerned article. ]. User:Denni put the article up for deletion based on his claim that it is "nonsense". Satori said: "Google search for "Zecharia Sitchin Tiamat" returns 1320 hits. So that's why I'm not sure if it qualifies for patent nonsense." and User:Wikiacc and I voted for keep. Delete lost and there were only 2 comments suggesting redirection. Can you please explain how you decided to redirect rather than just keep.--AI 3 July 2005 07:27 (UTC)

 * My impression is that votes for "keep" and "redirect" are pretty much synonymous; so when I noticed that the concensus was to keep, I decided to redirect on my own. If this planet Tiamat is an important figure in Sitchin's theories, I suppose you could undo the redirect. Ben Standeven 5 July 2005 02:11 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your answer, you made a fair decision. I have not really studied Sitchin's works, so I will mostly leave the editing to contributors who are more knowledgeable. However I am under the impression that Tiamat as a planet is an important topic in Sitchin's theories. For me, the dispute over this subject turned out to be an experiment in good faith (imho) which helped document some tactics used by Wikipedia contributors who are unfairly refusing contribution of information contradictory to their own POV.--AI 5 July 2005 06:36 (UTC)

Historical Jesus article
Hi Stephen, I would like to update the Historical Jesus article. Please go to my User:Peter Kirby/Historical Jesus page and look at what I have so far. Please comment on it concerning accuracy and NPOV, and provide other suggestions for improvement. I noticed you seemed to be the author of the bulk of the existing article, so I especially seek your input. Thanks for your help. --Peter Kirby 16:28, 13 August 2005 (UTC)

Noahide Laws in Category: Jewish Christian topics
There is a dispute over whether Noahide Laws should be included in this category, anyone with an opinion is asked to express it here: Talk:Noahide_Laws

Freemasonry
Please see Wikipedia's no personal attacks policy. Comment on content, not on the contributor; personal attacks damage the community and deter users. Note that continued personal attacks may lead to blocks for disruption. Please stay cool and keep this in mind while editing. Thank you. Ardenn 22:27, 11 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Please refrain from undoing other people's edits repeatedly. If you continue, you may be blocked from editing Wikipedia under the three-revert rule, which states that nobody may revert an article to a previous version more than three times in 24 hours. (Note: this also means editing the page to reinsert an old edit. If the effect of your actions is to revert back, it qualifies as a revert.) Thank you. Ardenn  22:00, 18 June 2006 (UTC)

Freemasonry page :P
I noticed that your someone interested in the freemasonry page. If your gonna edit that page you need to be 100% sure that you follow all the wikipedia rules to a T, or some of the editors will try to get you banned immediatly. The big one, is make sure that you do not revert more then 3 times a day, if you violate it you will problary get posted up on the 3rr board within 10 minutes. A revert simply means changing something that someone recently changed, back to how it was before they changed it. It's not only 3 reverts on the same section either, someone can change one line in the article, which you revert, then someone changes the line back again, and you revert it, and then a 3rd person adds a link that you remove, and all of asudden you have a 3rr ban.

It's great to see new people editing the masonry article since I went on my little break. Please don't get discouraged by the intence wikilawyering going on there, and the warning tags, and messages that you will see pop up on your discussion page. If you have any questions feel free to ask me :p Seraphim  00:56, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

Freemasonry Edits
Ben, were trying to cut the article down in size. There are sub-articles for things you're adding back in. The article is already longer than it should be. Oz Lawyer  19:30, 22 June 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for the citations
Just wanted to say thanks for adding those citations to Starfleet ranks and insignia, this is exactly the sort of thing I'd hoped would be added when I first raised the issue on the talk page back in June. :) Bryan 15:34, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

Second Temporal Dimension
Thanks for major work upgrading the article at Second Temporal Dimension. I appreciate your unbiased efforts to improve that article. Since the article has been almost totally re-written, I think the status of AfD'ing could be reconsidered; however, I am still wondering if we should just merge to String theory or F-theory articles and create a sub-section. Thanks again for your efforts and keep the citations coming! Nimur 13:07, 20 August 2006 (UTC)

Possible deletion of "consensus science" page
Sorry for the late notice, but I have recently nominated the "consensus science" page for deletion. For my arguments on this, please see that article's discussion page and its deletion page. Deletion policy says that I should tell frequent contributors to the page about the proposed deletion, and I only just saw this today.

Sorry for any inconvenience. Dicksonlaprade 16:04, 31 August 2006 (UTC)

Footnote in "Large countable ordinals"
You added a pointer to a footnote to Large countable ordinals, but I do not see the actual footnote. Did you do it correctly? JRSpriggs 04:19, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

Cranks
Nice work with the style improvements at Crank (person)! Let's see how long they last... Henning Makholm 23:29, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

Starfleet ranks and insignia
I have restored the enlisted block and modified the linked enlisted ranks article. I hate reverting other people unless they are vandalizing and I really want to evade a revert war. I have also altered the enlisted ranks article.

My main rationale is that Starfleet ranks and insignia should be a mere gallery of all rank insignias in a comparative manner and linked articles explaining the subject.

-- Cat out 11:17, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

list of species in fantasy fiction
id like to hear your reason for removal of many things in that article. for instence, high elves are just as much a race rather then a species in warhammer as it is in the lord of the rings. why then would you remove the mention warhammer but not middle-earth?--Lygophile 01:04, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

well..
you may save yourself and other people a lot of work if you discuss such a thing on the added talkpage first. only mentioning the original source of a species in a list of species in fantasy fiction is rather stupid, since hardly any species in fantasy is not based on or directly a similar species in mythology or folklore, who based most of those species with creatures and people they found on adventures they were unfamiliar with. you really think the orc in the lord of the rings was tolkiens creation?O.o--Lygophile 01:23, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

Rv your edit to "E (mathematical constant)"
Hi, Ben!

I noticed you removed a formula from this article with the edit comment "second formula is wrong". This is to let you know I'm putting the formula back because it is correct. In fact, the first and second forms of the cf appearing in the article are equivalent in the sense that every successive truncation of each one yields the same rational convergent, so that they do in fact converge to the same irrational number e.

Have a great day! ;^> DavidCBryant 22:44, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

Hey, Ben!

There's no need to apologize. I had been thinking that part of the article could do with a bit of cleanup anyway, so I added a few words of explanation (and a link to another article) which will (hopefully) make things a bit clearer for other readers. So thanks for prodding me to do something I should have done yesterday! DavidCBryant 01:42, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

Hypercomputation / Super-Turing Computation
Ben, please do get rid of Super-Turing computation. I entered into lengthy discussion with Kevin Baas on Talk:Hypercomputation and am sadly convinced that he is a crank beyond redemption. -- pde

Your edit to Christopher Michael Langan
Thanks for finding a much better quote for the footnote in Christopher Michael Langan. There had been some contention regarding its inclusion and finding a more appropriate quote was an excellent solution. --NightSky 14:20, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

Your edit to Essjay controversy
Ben, in this edit to Essjay controversy, you removed an Internet Archive link, with the comment, "the archived userpage does not make the cited claims."

The citation was where the asterisk is in the following text: "Although Essjay, who was also employed at Wikia, had claimed to hold doctoral degrees in theology and canon law as a tenured professor at a private university, he was in fact a community college dropout from Kentucky.* The discrepancy in credentials ..."

The archived userpage contains the following:"I am a tenured professor of theology at a private university in the eastern United States; I teach both undergraduate and graduate theology. I have been asked repeatedly to reveal the name of the institution, however, I decline to do so; I am unsure of the consequences of such an action, and believe it to be in my best interests to remain anonymous. I hold the following academic degrees:Bachelor of Arts in Religious Studies (B.A.)Master of Arts in Religion (M.A.R.)Doctorate of Philosophy in Theology (Ph.D.)Doctorate in Canon Law (JCD)"

Clearly, that does "make the cited claims" that Essjay "had claimed to hold doctoral degrees in theology and canon law as a tenured professor at a private university".

Do you agree? If so, would you please consent to restoring this essential reference? -- Ben   TALK/HIST 00:18, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Sorry; I was confusing it with the link to his Wikia page. I've put it back. Ben Standeven 00:23, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks! -- Ben   TALK/HIST 00:29, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

Please have a look at discussion page of anti de sitter space article
I made a comment regarding your edit 05:44, 29 December 2005. Any comments would be very helpful. Best regards 83.253.30.214 11:33, 21 July 2007 (UTC)

Thanks for your edits of the AdS article! It is much better now. Pierreback 13:05, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

Spam in Mehdi
Hello, this is a message from an automated bot. A tag has been placed on Mehdi, by another Wikipedia user, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. The tag claims that it should be speedily deleted because Mehdi is blatant advertising for a company, product, group, service or person that would require a substantial rewrite in order to become an encyclopedia article. To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait before possibly deleting Mehdi, please affix the template to the page, and put a note on its talk page. If the article has already been deleted, see the advice and instructions at WP:WMD. Feel free to contact the bot operator if you have any questions about this or any problems with this bot, bearing in mind that this bot is only informing you of the nomination for speedy deletion; it does not perform any nominations or deletions itself. CSDWarnBot 19:03, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Read-only Turing machine
You caught me on a bad error. Thanks for the changes. However, I don't believe that 2DFAs with a stack cannot parse CFGs: see Talk:Read-only Turing machine to discuss. SamuelRiv (talk) 05:01, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

Aren't we a pair? (unordered)
Hi Ben: I noticed your edits to Jensen hierarchy -- I started the article b/c it was on the requested list, but I really only knew enough to know what books to crib from -- it needs work, to be sure, and thanks for taking an interest. I'll see if I can add any more, and welcome any help you can offer. Thanks! Zero sharp 01:19, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

Kardashev Scale
Hi, recently the Kardashev scale entry has gone through some major reverts, I'd like to talk about the reinstatement of the material. I've looked around and have seen that you've made some major contributions to the article and are interested in it's progress. I feel we need to talk about the reverts and reinstatement and talk about whether either are justified. Talk:Kardashev scale If you could help or add your two cents I'd really appreciate it. Thanks--Sparkygravity (talk) 01:41, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

Kardashev scale
I added antimatter yesterday, I just basically cut and pasted it from the anti-matter article... but I was thinking about deleting the energy figures and just leaving the orders of magnitude since all the energy figures would still be detailed on the anti-matter page... I think doing this might make the section on anti-matter more readable, be more consistent with the other changes I made to future development and be better suited to a non-professional audience. what do you think?--Sparkygravity (talk) 07:34, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

 * On your suggestion of trimming the antimatter section, I think it's a good idea. There's way too much detail there now, even after I moved the Tsar Bomba stuff to the intro. [If you follow Marskell's suggestion, you would need to put it in the new section, of course. Probably it should be attached to the discussion of Type I] Ben Standeven (talk) 07:44, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

 * ok that's cool, as far as the moving of the Tsar Bomba, I think it's fine, but may be removed later by folks who don't see it's point, I'm not sure how we could stress it's importance to those already familiar with figures of power and energy. Also the conversion of the watts (over time) into (joules) energy is not OR, since it's units, but the statement that ' Earth-level power reception produces this much energy roughly every two and a half seconds. ' looks like Original Research or it is begging for a. So I think we might want to reword it, or support it somehow.--Sparkygravity (talk) 17:00, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

 * I've changed it all to megatons; that way the paragraph isn't cluttered by exponents, and the power usage of the hypothetical Type I civilization is just a unit conversion. Ben Standeven (talk) 08:10, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

added my own work page please see User:Sparkygravity/Kardashev_Scale and tell me what you think.--Sparkygravity (talk) 19:21, 30 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Really it's only been you and me and user:beland who's added stuff lately to the Kardashev scale, I imagine you've read that I dispute the edits, we need more input on the talk page though. Could you read over everything and tell me what you think?--Sparkygravity (talk) 22:41, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

Hoff Summers
Good for you Ben. Mind you, I did alread point to Hoff Summers, didn't I? ;)

I won't bore you with the details, but there are feminists who do not accept her as a feminist. It all gets complicated. There are passionately uncompromising feminists who will still admit the misandry, and certainly embrace patriarchy as a pejorative, using androcentric when desiring to make more objective points.

Anyway, nice to have you around. I particularly appreciate you checking out the Nair. I reference-checked so much stuff when going through the list of "matriarchies" debunked in the literature, I finally got tired and stopped looking for refs for the -lineal and local stuff. Mind you, as you may have discovered already, sure enough, like Britannica et al say, the original ethnologists really do document patriarchy, despite how some attempted to reinterpret this during a certain period in recent Western history.

Stephen Goldberg noted at one point (I think in print, but it could have been online) that he'd actually got tired of researching each new society proposed as matriarchal. After doing this a couple of dozen times and always finding "tribal chiefs" and so on, he felt the most important thing he could communicate was the methodology of checking the primary sources. Published secondary sources can, and do, misrepresent these. However, he did say journal articles were much more reliable as secondary sources than books. Books are copy edited by publishers for purpose of sales. Journal articles are peer-reviewed, for academic accountability. But there are journals and there are journals. If you don't know already, there's a Wikiproject writing up articles on journals, so we have independent info regarding their reliability. As I'm sure you can imagine, this is an immense project.

PS Sparky's a great guy, glad to see you're working with him. Cheers. Alastair Haines (talk) 06:51, 25 April 2008 (UTC)

Sonic the Hedgehog 2 (8-bit)
So you're saying that they are different levels, that is to say that the levels are set-up differently?

Regardless, even if the levels were different, many games have other versions that are very different from the main version, but not notably so - Over the Hedge for the GBA versus the console versions, for instance. - A Link to the Past (talk) 15:47, 22 June 2008 (UTC)

Merger of the RPG lists
I suggest soliciting discussion next time before merging articles, perhaps using the mergefrom and mergeto templates. See the discussion, here. SharkD (talk) 21:28, 28 October 2008 (UTC)

"Growth factor"?
Can you explain what the term "growth factor" means in your new article titled infra-exponential? (There's an article titled growth factor, but it's about something else.) Michael Hardy (talk) 05:23, 29 July 2009 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Timeline of fictional future events
An editor has nominated one or more articles which you have created or worked on, for deletion. The nominated article is Timeline of fictional future events. We appreciate your contributions, but the nominator doesn't believe that the article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in his/her nomination (see also Notability and "What Wikipedia is not").

Your opinions on whether the article meets inclusion criteria and what should be done with the article are welcome; please participate in the discussion(s) by adding your comments to Articles for deletion/Timeline of fictional future events. Please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ).

You may also edit the article during the discussion to improve it but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion debate.

Please note: This is an automatic notification by a bot. I have nothing to do with this article or the deletion nomination, and can't do anything about it. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 01:04, 3 January 2010 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Out-of-place artifact
An editor has nominated one or more articles which you have created or worked on, for deletion. The nominated article is Out-of-place artifact. We appreciate your contributions, but the nominator doesn't believe that the article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in his/her nomination (see also Notability and "What Wikipedia is not").

Your opinions on whether the article meets inclusion criteria and what should be done with the article are welcome; please participate in the discussion(s) by adding your comments to Articles for deletion/Out-of-place artifact. Please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ).

You may also edit the article during the discussion to improve it but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion debate.

Please note: This is an automatic notification by a bot. I have nothing to do with this article or the deletion nomination, and can't do anything about it. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 01:03, 18 April 2010 (UTC)

You are now a Reviewer
Hello. Your account has been granted the "reviewer" userright, allowing you to review other users' edits on certain flagged pages. Pending changes, also known as flagged protection, is currently undergoing a two-month trial scheduled to end 15 August 2010.

Reviewers can review edits made by users who are not autoconfirmed to articles placed under pending changes. Pending changes is applied to only a small number of articles, similarly to how semi-protection is applied but in a more controlled way for the trial. The list of articles with pending changes awaiting review is located at Special:OldReviewedPages.

When reviewing, edits should be accepted if they are not obvious vandalism or BLP violations, and not clearly problematic in light of the reason given for protection (see Reviewing process). More detailed documentation and guidelines can be found here.

If you do not want this userright, you may ask any administrator to remove it for you at any time. Courcelles (talk) 05:09, 20 June 2010 (UTC)

Pebble game
Just for the record: do you oppose replacing  with   in this article? --bender235 (talk) 20:57, 1 July 2010 (UTC)
 * It doesn't matter to me. Ben Standeven (talk) 20:13, 6 July 2010 (UTC)

Obscure categories in OOPArt
Hi! I'm having trouble understanding what "Unorthodox interpretations of artifacts" and "Formerly orthodox interpretations of artifacts" means in this context... --Againme (talk) 20:35, 1 December 2010 (UTC)

Merge discussion for Variant Dungeons & Dragons games
An article that you have been involved in editing, Variant Dungeons & Dragons games, has been proposed for a merge with another article. If you are interested in the merge discussion, please participate by going, and adding your comments on the discussion page. Thank you. zorblek (talk) 05:31, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

Your edit to List of NP-complete problems
After this edit the list includes planarity testing, but that article is about a problem which has been solved in linear time. What's going on there? 67.162.90.113 (talk) 20:34, 9 September 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks; it looks like I was confusing planarity testing with "rectilinear planarity" testing. Ben Standeven (talk) 04:26, 11 September 2011 (UTC)

Ichthus: January 2012
 In this issue...

- Ichthus is published by WikiProject Christianity For submissions and subscriptions contact the Newsroom
 * From the Editor
 * What are You doing For Lent?
 * Fun and Exciting Contest Launched
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What is Rudimentary Function Arithmetic?
Hi, in an edit back in 2008, you introduced "Rudimentary Function Arithmetic to the Wikipedia article on ordinal analysis. But all the results on Google to the term refer to the Wikipedia article.  So can you clarify what Rudimentary Function Arithmetic is, and give a source for it having proof-theoretic ordinal omega^2?  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.99.59.20 (talk) 20:35, 30 September 2013 (UTC)

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Hafner–Sarnak–McCurley constant
Dear Ben. It was you who added the Ilan Vardi and the zeta function to the article about Hafner–Sarnak–McCurley constant. Where did you get this information from? I could not find Ilan Vardi. This calim that he found an altrenative expression seems bogus.Ofir michael (talk) 19:54, 30 August 2014 (UTC)
 * What is the $$$$ orgen in the second formula?Ofir michael (talk) 16:22, 1 September 2014 (UTC)

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Conway's soldiers
Hi Ben. I think your edit to Conway's Soldiers is missing some information. To make sure the change of score for the three types of moves is never positive, three inequalites have to be satisfied simultaneously: x²+x-1 >= 0, x²-x-1 <= 0 and x >= 0. This holds for $$\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2} \le x \le \frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}$$. At this point, the choice of a value in this interval is arbitrary, although the choice of the smallest value $$\varphi=0.618\dots$$ is justified later in the proof. Your wording suggests that only one (in)equality is involved. Do you mind if I rewrite it to clarify this? Capriol (talk) 09:24, 19 April 2020 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Ben Standeven


text:
Flora (publication)

A Flora is a book or other work which describes the plant species occurring in an area or time period, often with the aim of allowing identification. The term is usually capitalized to distinguish it from the use of "flora" to mean the plants rather than their descriptions. Some classic and modern Floras are listed below.

Traditionally Floras are books, but some are now published on CD-ROM or websites. The area that a Flora covers can be either geographically or politically defined. Floras usually require some specialist botanical knowledge to use with any effectiveness.

A Flora often contains diagnostic keys. Often these are dichotomous keys, which require the user to repeatedly examine a plant, and decide which one of two alternatives given in the Flora best applies to the plant.

Floras produced at a local or regional level rarely contain identification keys. Instead they aim to impart more detailed understanding of the local status and distribution of that area's plants. Maps showing species distribution may be included, and nowadays are computer-generated from biological databases. Specific reference may be made to new arrivals and historic records in order to impart understanding of the changes in an area's vegetation over time.

Classic Floras

 * Europe
 * Sylva Hercynia, Johannes Thal. Germany 1588
 * Hortus Lusatiae, Johannes Franke. Germany 1594
 * Stirpium et fossilium Silesiae Catalogus, Caspar Schwenckfeldt. Germany 1600
 * Flora Jenensis, Heinrich Bernhard Rupp Germany, 1718.
 * Flora Suecica, Carl Linnaeus. 1745.
 * Flora Londinensis, William Curtis. England 1777–1798
 * Deutschlands_Flora_in_Abbildungen, Johann Georg Sturm. Germany 1796
 * Flora Graeca, John Sibthorp. (England) 1806–1840
 * Flora Danica, Simon Paulli. Denmark, 1847.
 * Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, Otto Wilhelm Thomé. Germany 1886
 * Atlas des plantes de France, Amédée_Masclef. France 1891
 * Bilder ur Nordens Flora, Carl Axel Magnus Lindman. Sweden 1901-1905

 * India
 * Hortus indicus malabaricus, Hendrik van Rheede 1683–1703
 * Hortus indicus malabaricus, Hendrik van Rheede 1683–1703

 * Indonesia
 * Flora Javae, Carl Ludwig Blume and Joanne Baptista Fischer. 1828.

 * North America
 * Flora americae septentrionalis; or A Systematic Arrangement and Description of The Plants of North America, Frederick Pursh. (London) 1814.

Americas

 * Caribbean
 * Britton, N. L., and Percy Wilson. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands — Volume V, Part 1: Botany of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands: Pandanales to Thymeleales. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1924.

 * Central & South America
 * Flora Brasiliensis
 * Flora of São Paulo in Brazil
 * Flora of Chile
 * Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica
 * Flora of Ecuador
 * Flora of Guatemala
 * Flora de Nicaragua
 * Flora of Peru
 * Flora of the Guianas
 * Flora of Panama
 * Flora del Paraguay
 * Flora of Suriname
 * Flora Mesoamericana (1994-ongoing) Introduction
 * Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana
 * Flora Neotropica (1968-ongoing) Organising committee website.

 * North America
 * Flora of North America
 * Kearney, Thomas H. Arizona Flora. University of California Press, 1940.
 * Hickman, James C., editor. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California.  University of California Press, 1993.
 * Hultén, Eric. Flora of Alaska and Neighboring Territories: A Manual of the Vascular Plants. Stanford University Press, 1968.
 * Radford, Albert E. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. University of North Carolina Press, 1968.
 * Wilhelm, G. and L. Rericha. Flora of the Chicago Region: A Floristic and Ecological Synthesis. Indiana Academy of Science, 2017.
 * Hitchcock, C. Leo, and Arthur Cronquist. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington Press, 1973, 2018 (2nd edition). ISBN 9780295742892; it is a compressed version of Hitchcock and Cronquist, Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest, University of Washington Press, 1955-1969 (5 volumes)
 * Cronquist, Arthur, Noel H. Holmgren, Patricia K. Holmgren, James L. Reveal and Rupert C. Barneby. Intermountain flora; vascular plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A., New York Botanical Garden, 1972–2017 (9 volumes)
 * Chadde, Steve W.. A Great Lakes Wetland Flora. 2nd ed. Pocketflora Press, 2002. ISBN 0-9651385-5-0
 * Strausbaugh, P. D. and E. L. Core. Flora of West Virginia. 2nd ed. Seneca Books Inc., 1964. ISBN 0-89092-010-9
 * Rhoads, A. F. and T. A Block. The Plants of Pennsylvania. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0-8122-3535-5
 * Britton, N. L. and Hon. A. Brown. An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States and Canada. In three volumes. Dover Publications, 1913, 1970. ISBN 0-486-22642-5
 * Stone, W. Plants of Southern New Jersey. Annual Report of the State Museum of New Jersey'', 1910.

Asia

 * China and Japan
 * Flora of China
 * Flora of China in eFloras
 * Flora of Japan
 * Southeast Asia
 * Flora of Thailand Flora of Thailand
 * Florae Siamensis Enumeratio
 * Flora Malesiana (1984-ongoing) About Flora Malesiana.
 * Flora of the Malay Peninsula
 * Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Viêtnam
 * Indian region and Sri Lanka
 * Flora of Bhutan
 * Flora of the Presidency of Madras by J.S. Gamble (1915–36)
 * Flora of Nepal
 * Bengal Plants by D. Prain (1903)
 * Flora of the upper Gangetic plains by J. F. Duthie (1903–29)
 * Botany of Bihar and Orissa by H.H. Haines (1921–25)
 * Flora of British India (1872–1897) by Sir J.D. Hooker
 * Middle East and western Asia
 * Flora of Turkey
 * Flora Iranica
 * Flora Palaestina:
 * M. Zohary (1966). Flora Palaestina part 1.
 * M. Zohary (1972). Flora Palaestina part 2.
 * N. Feinbrun (1978). Flora Palaestina part 3.
 * N. Feinbrun (1986). Flora Palaestina part 4.
 * A. Danin, (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina Area (Flora Palaestina part 5).
 * Online updates: https://web.archive.org/web/20070828033350/http://flora.huji.ac.il/browse.asp?lang=en&action=showfile&fileid=14005

Australasia

 * Flora of Australia
 * Flora of New Zealand series:
 * Allan, H.H. 1961, reprinted 1982. Flora of New Zealand. Volume I: Indigenous Tracheophyta - Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledons. ISBN 0-477-01056-3.
 * Moore, L.B.; Edgar, E. 1970, reprinted 1976. Flora of New Zealand. Volume II: Indigenous Tracheophyta - Monocotyledons except Graminae. ISBN 0-477-01889-0.
 * Healy, A.J.; Edgar, E. 1980. Flora of New Zealand Volume III. Adventive Cyperaceous, Petalous & Spathaceous Monocotyledons. ISBN 0-477-01041-5.
 * Webb, C.J.; Sykes, W.R.; Garnock-Jones, P.J. 1988. Flora of New Zealand Volume IV: Naturalised Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Dicotyledons. ISBN 0-477-02529-3.
 * Edgar, E.; Connor, H.E. 2000. Flora of New Zealand Volume V: Grasses. ISBN 0-478-09331-4.
 * Volumes I-V: First electronic edition, Landcare Research, June 2004. Transcribed by A.D. Wilton and I.M.L. Andres.
 * Galloway, D.J. 1985. Flora of New Zealand: Lichens. ISBN 0-477-01266-3.
 * Croasdale, H.; Flint, E.A. 1986. Flora of New Zealand: Desmids. Volume I. ISBN 0-477-02530-7.
 * Croasdale, H.; Flint, E.A. 1988. Flora of New Zealand: Desmids. Volume II. ISBN 0-477-01353-8.
 * Croasdale, H.; Flint, E.A.; Racine, M.M. 1994. Flora of New Zealand: Desmids. Volume III. ISBN 0-477-01642-1.
 * Sykes, W.R.; West, C.J.; Beever, J.E.; Fife, A.J. 2000. Kermadec Islands Flora - Special Edition. ISBN 0-478-09339-X.

Pacific Islands

 * Flora Vitiensis Nova, a New Flora of Fiji
 * Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai‘i, Warren L. Wagner and Derral R. Herbst (1991) + suppl.
 * Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (New Caledonia
 * Flore de la Polynésie Française (J. Florence, vol. 1 & 2, 1997 & 2004)

Europe

 * British Isles
 * Bowen, Humphry. The Flora of Berkshire. Oxford: Holywell Press, 1968..
 * Morton, Osbourne. Marine Algae of Northern Ireland. Belfast: Ulster Museum, 1994. ISBN 0-900761-28-8
 * Stace, Clive Anthony, and Hilli Thompson (illustrator). A New Flora of the British Isles. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-521-58935-5.
 * Beesley, S. and J. Wilde. Urban Flora of Belfast. Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, Queen's University of Belfast, 1997.
 * Killick, John, Roy Perry and Stan Woodell. Flora of Oxfordshire. Pisces Publications, 1998. ISBN 1-874357-07-2.
 * Bowen, Humphry. The Flora of Dorset. Pisces Publications, 2000. ISBN 1-874357-16-1.
 * Milliken, William and Sam Bridgewater. Flora Celtica – Plants and people in Celtic Europe. Birlinn, 2004. ISBN 978-1841583037. Paperback edition, 2013. ISBN 978-1780271699.

 * Rest of Europe
 * Flora Europaea at the site of The Royal Botanical Gardens of Edinburgh Flora Europaea
 * Flora of Europe
 * Flora Gallica, published by Société Botanique de France
 * Flora iberica
 * Flora of Acores
 * Flora Danica
 * Flora of Romania
 * (Norwegian flora)

Africa and Madagascar

 * Flore du Gabon
 * Flore du Cameroun
 * Flora of Tropical Africa
 * Flora of Tropical East Africa
 * Flora of West Tropical Africa
 * Flore de la Côte d'Ivoire
 * Flora Capensis
 * Flora Zambesiaca
 * Flora of South Africa
 * Flore du Rwanda
 * Flore de Madagascar et des Comores
 * Flore pratique du Maroc

title: Flora (publication)


text:
Pendekar

Pendekar (hero; master of swordsmanship or martial arts ), Pandikar or Pandeka is a Malay word to reference or address a warrior who mastered martial arts, particularly silat. Not all masters carry the title; it must be either officially bestowed by royalty (similar to a knighthood) or unofficially by commonfolk. The latter is more common today, especially outside Southeast Asia. Today, the title is often adopted by the founder of a new style. Parallels can be drawn to the chess term grandmaster since the title of Pandeka is the highest possible rank of a practitioner of the Malaysian martial art silat.

Etymology
Some theorize that it is a compound of the Malay words pandai, meaning clever or skilled, and akar meaning root. It may be related to the Kawi terms upakara which means teacher, and kekarepan which means ethos or ambition. A variant of pendekar is the word pakar which can mean any kind of expert.

Attributes of a pendekar
A pendekar must master every aspect of silat. These include the forms and techniques, their combat application, internal methods and traditional medicine. A pendekar must be more than an instructor or expert, they must be a fighter, a traditional doctor, and a participant in the culture and wisdom of silat. The emphasis given to each of these varies from one style to another. Some systems are more sport-oriented while others focus on spiritual development. Traditional masters only consider a style to be "true silat" if it can be used in battle.

Meditation and internal training serves as a counterbalance for a warrior's martial skills. In northern Malaysia and southern Thailand, this balance is symbolised by the concept of jantan betina (male-female), equivalent to the Chinese yin and yang. In Indo-Malay folklore, esoteric knowledge is only gained by fasting and then meditating under a tree. Silat practitioners of the past would meditate and fast at length, often in caves, jungles and even graveyards so they would not fear death. With this mentality, a pendekar is always prepared for combat, whether they are unarmed or outnumbered. This is encapsulated in the Malay saying "From the tips of the hair to the tips of the toes" (Dari hujung rambut ke hujung kaki) meaning that all are potential weapons to be used at the right moment.

Purportedly, a pendekar of the highest skill needs no weapon aside from their mind to subdue the opponent. By focusing their energy, masters were said to be able to attack an opponent without physically touching them, strike a vital point from afar, or stop someone's heart without them noticing they've been hurt. Silat folklore is replete with tales of fighters possessing such skills as the ability to run very rapidly, vanish in a puff of smoke and reappear, change form, dash across the surface of water, turn invisible, or leap to the roof of a house.

Finally, a pendekar must be familiar with traditional healing methods. Massage is commonly taught alongside silat because of its relation to sentuhan or the art of striking pressure points. Sentuhan could also be applied to other aspects of healing such as stopping a wound from bleeding or stimulating energy flow. Some masters may have knowledge of herbalism or bone-setting. It was once considered necessary for anyone teaching silat to be able to nurse injured students back to health.

title: Pendekar