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Talk:School of Fish (album)

This could be merged back into the School of Fish (band) page I think. It is notable enough but there isn't enough content to justify a sperate page at this point, IMHO. Eluchil404 04:32, 20 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Dude, it's an album. Of course it needs its own page. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.67.93.133 (talk) 05:46, 29 March 2008 (UTC)

Dead external links to Allmusic website – January 2011
Since Allmusic have changed the syntax of their URLs, 1 link(s) used in the article do not work anymore and can't be migrated automatically. Please use the search option on http://www.allmusic.com to find the new location of the linked Allmusic article(s) and fix the link(s) accordingly, prefereably by using the Allmusic template. If a new location cannot be found, the link(s) should be removed. This applies to the following external links: --CactusBot (talk) 18:00, 1 January 2011 (UTC)
 * http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:peom96ho3epf

title: Talk:School of Fish (album)


text:
American (1902 automobile)

The American, often nicknamed as the American Gas, was a small gasoline-powered buggy manufactured by the American Motor Carriage Company in Cleveland from 1902 to 1903, and sold until early 1904. It was one of nearly two dozen American automobile marques to bear this name.

The company evolved in August 1901 from an interior decorating studio. Its president was George F. McKay, with F.D. Dorman as vice president and general manager, J.F. Morris acting as secretary-treasurer and George H. Wadsworth as superintendent.

The car was developed by chief engineer George W. Dunham. It was a light (1000 lb) two-passenger runabout with a water-cooled, 7 hp single-cylinder engine fitted under the seat, a planetary transmission and a single chain to the rear axle. The wheel base was 72 in. The most outstanding item of the vehicle was its wheel-steering device. A 7-gallon fuel tank was fitted, which would give a driving range of about 150 mi. As usual at the time, the car was right-hand driven. Minimalistic coachwork included a small compartment in front. The car came painted in "French carmine", with the running gear in "Valentine red", and the seat bench trimmed in black leather. The car's initial price was $1000, and the company came never close to the targeted capacity of 200 cars per year.

In September 1903, the company came under receivership management by the Prudential Trust Company. Dunham became general manager, looking to assemble as many cars as possible from parts ready. These were sold for $750 until April 1904, when a new company named American Automobile Company moved in. They never produced a car.

Press noted that the American Motor Carriage Company was the first automobile manufacturer in Cleveland that failed. This is not true, but it was the most important by then.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: American (1902 automobile)


text:
Talk:Left-hand path and right-hand path

Left hand path in Alchemy
While this page has not fallen in the trap of equating the left hand path with self-centered black magic (like the french wiki page for instance), the left/right dichotomy goes even deeper : it can be linked to the short dry path and the long wet path of western internal alchemy. This shows that both paths (especially in their conscious form) are very powerful and lead to Full Enlightenment. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.185.174.172 (talk) 21:58, 4 November 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Left-hand path and right-hand path


text:
Talk:Menstrual pad

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 8 February 2021 and 21 May 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Tamashi2314. Peer reviewers: Tygodin17.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 08:40, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
I just finished expanding this stub. What are your opinions?

What did women use before maxi pads and tampons were invented? I think that should be included in the article.

Re Expansion from stub - opinion (as requested above)
One read through is enough to show multiple grammatical and spelling errors. There are also statements in need of verification and with questionable accuracy: one outstanding example being the Asian female physiogamy preference assertion. I'll have a go at it when I've the time (viz. when its not my bedtime); though Someone Else would probably make a better job of it, I think this needs urgent attention if not by an expert, then someone with at least a basic grasp of the Wikipedia requirements and standards. That's my opinion then... Plutonium27 01:13, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Uses
I think that a lot of the wording under "Uses" is bias and not true for many people. These two lines struck me particularly: It is also usually easier to change a pad than a tampon in public bathrooms., and In general, pads are a perfect fit for most women's menstrual needs., which I both totally disagree with, and would have to say that I'm hardly the only person to feel that way. Those aren't facts, those are some people's opinions.

--I agree that there is a lot bias here. The use of ultra-thin products is on the rise in both Europe and and the US by women of all age groups. They are generally seen as just as effective as traditional maxis. The explainations of why traditional products are still dominant is clumsy and almost seems based on annectdotal information.

new poster (i'm new to this and not really sure how it works)

The cloth /washable ones I think should have a bit more detail about them ( I actually missed it after skimming the article AND reading it properly) considering it's not very well known and they are better for you due to the bleaches and chemicals and un-natural stuff put on "regular" pads that irritate a lot of women (perhaps with them thinking this is normal)

I think it is really important to update with info about this but I don't have the time so maybe someone else can? It can also save you lots of money especially if you have a heavy flow. You can also make them yourself which I never even thought of until I read an article somewhere.

constructive criticism so don't be offended ;-)

I think you should also be more careful with your wording like if you truely believe that this is a popular opinion then say something such as "SOME people find it easier to change..." or A LOT of people choose to use...." because it's not really good to voice opinions like they are facts. (like another person mentioned) You should try and be more neutral. Also a bit about the history of sanitary towels would be nice. I think it is interesting and not something a lot of people know about. I will try to submit a piece myself  if I can. Otherwise good job. =)

I wonder if it can be changed sucessfully to be more..international? It seems like this was written by an American and no offence but it does not match up with British pads (i'm not sure about other english speaking countries) but maybe more specific parts should be changed to general wording.

new poster as well! I agree with the above poster. Especially the brands mentioned are only the leading brands in North America, and the use of certain terms (maxi pad). I am Australian and and a lot of this information is not true in my country. 220.214.143.202 09:20, 3 July 2006 (UTC)Nicole

new poster #2 What did women use before maxi pads and tampons were invented? I think that it should be included in the article.

Technical specifications
What is that stuff inside the towels that absorbs the blood? I'm interested in the chemical composition and in other materials specs, in order to lift this article (and more: the Dutch version where I'm currently working on) to a higher standard. SietskeEN 18:30, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Cellulose ist the classical material. Thin towels are made possible by superabsorbent polymers (de:superabsorber), see e.g. . There exists some literature about the pros and cons, see for example . There is nothing specific to blood. --Pjacobi 22:58, 2005 Apr 26 (UTC)

limited geographic scope

This article seems rather focussed on how feminine hygine is handled in first world countries only.

Write something about other countries yourself? Living in the developed world and not having had a particular interest in ST before now..I do not have a clue. Wouldn't even know if information on that could be found easily. I assume that they would use reusable cloth or go on their own and let it "flow freely" as I've read some cultures do, or have done in the past. If they are malnourished perhaps they don't even have any periods at all. But they are still able to have children..so i'm not really sure. Would be interesting to know.

I'd rather see this article focus on sanitary napkins or towels or items similar rather than general feminine hygiene. Other methods, such as tampons, natural internal absorbents, no product use has little place here than direction to a general feminine hygiene article or to specific articles on those methods. I do agree that this article focuses on products and preferences in the US.

not limited, IMO
In my opinion, this article is not geographically limited. Imagine an article on non-disposable cigarette lighters -- should it be tagged as geographically limited b/c most such lighters are used in industrialzed countries? I do see the legitimacy of the NPOV disagreement over whether tampons or pads are easier to use, and think that should be addressed. I think the geo tag should be removed. I don't know if I am allowed to do so, but I am going to try, right now. Brainhell 00:15, 8 February 2006 (UTC)

I think I agree, this article should cover the commercial products as sold in the first world, and a separate article cover all sanitation options, including 'new' alternatives like cups and sponges and the old low-tech options like rags/cloth pads. However, It still lacks geographic scope in that it only says what they're called in the US and UK. We call 'em pads here in Aus, menstrual or sanitary pads if we need to be specific. Towels and napkins are (only) things you'd find in the linen cupboard, so I had trouble finding this article. --Kelly holden 03:04, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

What about reusable cloth pads?
The article touches the subject lightly, but I would love to see more depth about them on this article. Heck or even a page of its own would be great that this article could cross link to! I would do that, but Im kinda new to wikipedia, so Im not sure where to begin.

I also think it would be interesting to add a brief history on the evolution of menstrual products and include what disposable pads are made out of. This would also be an interesting addition to the article. It needs to be presented in a non-bias way.

Update: I just added the "instructions for using cloth re-usable pads" part on it. I think that will help this article out lots! Thanks! (user: moonhut 4/20/06)

Why are washable pads considered feminist ?
 * You got me??? ;)
 * I don't know, but I find it interesting that cloth pads are one of very few places where feminism seems to meet granola mom!

And I just took a picture of a reusable cloth pad.--Sonjaaa 13:56, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Very nice! That adds a nice touch!  :)

I just tried to add an article "cloth menstrual pads" but now everything is just linking back to the sanitary napkin page...I'm not sure what this means...does the article have to be reviewed before it is posted? It was not lengthy, nor did it have pictures, but it did have all the basics about cloth pads. I wrote it carefully and I think it was in an unbiased manner...keep an eye out for it or discussions about it or whatever, because I'd like to see it (or one like it) get posted here!

Can we get a source for the claim that these cause immune deficiency if not boiled twice after use? I've been doing a great deal of research on these for a school project and everything I have found claims this is not true. (feb 2020) — Preceding unsigned comment added by UnassumingObelisk (talk • contribs) 22:25, 21 February 2021 (UTC)

Instructions
I think we should remove the instructions. This information is available on the box of the product. Why do we need it here?--Sonjaaa 14:01, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

 * This is a good point... maybe a better overview of the products and its features would be better? Including its history, ingredient and/or material list,  and pros and cons of each option.  I also think that cloth -vs- disposable need to be equally highlighted and presented giving all readers something to benifit from.  Are you working on these changes yourself?  Do you need some help? (user: moonhut 4/20/06)

 * I agree. About the instructions.

Yes, we need to show all the available options, in terms of pads. We should also mention non-pad products such as menstrual cup and link to them. We need to broaden the article to non-Western traditions too. What types of menstrual cloths are used in third world countries, I wonder? Surely there are many traditions and methods of putting a cloth in a woman's crotch. :) I'm done working on the article for now, so feel free to work on it if you have inspiration.--Sonjaaa 14:17, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree! I noticed that menstrual cups are already mentioned and linked to, however I dont see sea sponges or anything else as far as other options noted. We need to add to this article without totally getting off topic at the same time.  I think highlighting what other contries do for their menstrual heigene is a great idea and should be looked into... 3rd worlds probably use a simple piece of cloth, but we need to know for sure before we note that.  Im sure that MUM talks about that on their site.  Ill think about this some more and see if I cant get a creative spurt and come back... I gotta get off the computer now though.  I hope you can get around to adding to this article too - Ill check back and see what you have added! (user: moonhut 4/20/06)

Updated
I've gone through and spruced this article up a little. The main changes I made were:

 * Replaced the words "maxi pad" with "menstrual pad, as this term, while perhaps being commonplace in Northern America, in other counties is used to describe a pad of a higher absorbency to a "regular" absorbency pad. So its use to describe all menstrual pads could be confusing and misleading.

 * Replaced the word "panties" to "undergarment" or "underpants", as I believe this is a more universal term.

 * Removed this sentence "There are two main classifications of maxi pads: ultra-thin and maxi. Maxi pads were traditionally preferred over ultra-thins, but the newer ultra-thin products are gaining in popularity." as not only is it confusing (with the "maxi pad" term), but also an unsubstantiated claim, so while possibly correct, I felt it not necessary.

 * I actually removed some of the references to cloth menstrual pads, as I have created a topic specifically for them and felt it unnecessary to double the information too much. - Obsi 11:38, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

inconsistancy in spelling
There is an inconsistancy with the spelling panty liner/ pantiliner. Which is more universal? Is there a singular of panties? panty? Or is it an abbreviation? In British English it is usually (as far as I am aware) panty liner. It should be fixed. Nicgeorge 06:53, 13 July 2006 (UTC)

menstrual pad history
Please note that the factory-made menstrual pad was introduced to America from Britain in 1892 by the Canfield Rubber Co. of 7 Mercer Street, New York, when it began marketing Southall's Celebrated Sanitary Towels. This information is readily available through a ProQuest search. I'd edit the listing, but the last time I made such a correction the page was reverted and my knuckles were rapped for "vandalism."Bentruwe 02:13, 22 October 2007 (UTC)

Absorption
I think it might be useful to add the absorption capacity of pads (or at least a range). I just don't know where this information might be found.

Updated again
I've made some changes to this article. One problem that I tried to correct was the lack of references. There were a lot of unsourced claims, and I found references for many of them on the Cloth menstrual pad article, mostly from MUM. I tried to find additional references from some other sources. I couldn't find any for the "In non-Western cultures" section. Some statements were false, such as "Until disposable sanitary pads were created, all women used some form of cloth or reusable pad to collect menstrual blood." and "Disposable menstrual pads appear to have been first commercially available from around 1895 through Curads and Hartmann's." The poster above, Bentruwe, was right that Southall's disposable pads were earlier.

The paragraph describing the different types of cloth menstrual pads used terms like AOI that I had never heard of before, so I looked them up and tried to describe them in the article.

I also split the "Types of Menstrual Pads" into two subsections to make it clearer. --Ships at a Distance (talk) 02:36, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

The term "Maxi pad"
I am a little confused by this alternative term in the first sentence.

1) The link following the term (linking "U.S." to the page "United States") seem irrelevant. The usage of the term could be geographical, but it's no point linking to the page about a country. For a linguistic matter, should it be linking to "American English" instead?

2) I don't understand why the word "Maxi" is capitalized. Although it often appears as is, if the term is not referring to any proper noun (e.g. company name or brand name), I think it's best to keep it all in lower case.

Combining both points, my suggestion for the first line would be: generating
 * ... maxi pad (U.S.), ...

Any thoughts? —Tonyngkh (talk) 07:57, 18 December 2009 (UTC)

Pollution Facts Relevant?
I was looking through the article and the section immediately after composition on the history tab detailing the pollutants such as NOx's, SO2 and, CO2 seemed somewhat irrelevant to the overall tone and focus of the article given that they're formed through the majority of human activities. The dioxin reference later on in the same passage seems extremely misleading as it seems to imply that disposable pads contribute dioxin pollutants to the environment which seems highly unlikely given their composition. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Josdav132 (talk • contribs) 06:37, 14 February 2010 (UTC)

 * I was wondering about pollution as well, more along a general waste line of thought than on specific chemicals, e.g. disposal methods, biodegradability. I've had a look of both the Environment Agency and Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs websites but can't find any figures there relating to how much landfill sanitary towels and tampons take up, or how much is incinerated, etc. Anyone got any ideas? 194.81.199.35 (talk) 15:46, 16 May 2011 (UTC)

"The belted sanitary napkin quickly became unavailable after the mid-eighties."
I saw these at CVS last week, so this statement is not true, at least in my corner of the United States. I don't have a source, though.--173.49.90.61 (talk) 03:14, 18 February 2010 (UTC)

Cloth Sanitary Napkin Usage Information
I am curious to find out how common cloth sanitary napkin use has become in both Europe and the U.S. I don't know if the claim that the use of cloth sanitary napkins is on the rise can be made as a blanket term, because I'd like to see stats from a neutral source to substantiate the claim. I bring this up because the statement implies that the movement is on the rise in all first-world countries, and, at risk for speaking for too many women in the U.S., I'm not sure that there are that many women who have turned to this movement (at least in this part of the world). SailorAlphaCentauri (talk) 05:21, 16 August 2010 (UTC)

Reusable pads popular among feminists?
They have become a popular alternative among some groups of women, (e.g. feminists, environmentalists and mothers who use cloth nappies/diapers)...

I don't get it. Why would reusable pads be of specific interest to feminists? --DearPrudence (talk) 02:48, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Choice, comfort, and pad-and-tampon advertising tending to be not-exactly-feminist are probably some of it, but the intersection of the green and feminist groups probably results in at least some of the correlation. My own observations of the communities suggest that generally two types of women use cloth: those with a number of hippy/far-left characteristics, and the very traditionalist. Because of the first group, pagan and queer women also seem to be oddly common in cloth pad comms, even though there's no obvious reason for those either. Kelly holden (talk) 06:30, 9 September 2010 (UTC)

Gejim
I don't know whether this is useful or not for this article. The traditional Korean sanitary napkin (actually a pile of cloth) is called gejim (개짐 in Korean). Komitsuki (talk) 15:30, 20 October 2012 (UTC)

Broadening terms to all whom undergo this cycle.
It now reflects the fact that not all those who menstruate identify as women and not all women menstruate; gender and biology are not synonymous as biological sex does not always match one’s gender identity or expression.Maatjm (talk) 07:32, 17 October 2017 (UTC)
 * You may be technically correct, but broadening the terms used in the article make it unclear and unnecessarily complicated. . . Mean as custard (talk) 15:09, 17 October 2017 (UTC)

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Gallery
Right now, there are five images of unwrapped commercial disposable sanitary napkins that appear to be almost identical. Why? Which ones are really necessary? Some don't even have captions. Absent a case being made to keep any in particular, I am going to WP:BOLDly delete some of them in a week or so.

In other related news, for some reason, a new user who has never edited any other article has been edit-warring to include the floral cloth pad photo with the lede AND in the body of the article, despite it having been pointed out to them on their talkpage that the photo is already in the article. I am going to continue reverting any such attempts unless a compelling case is made for the same photo to appear twice in the article. I also believe WP:WEIGHT dictates that a disposable napkin be the lead image rather than a cloth pad, because cloth pads are, currently, for the likely majority of Wikipedia's readers, not the preferred or most frequently used variety. -  Julietdeltalima   (talk)  20:38, 23 August 2018 (UTC)

Should Diaper stay in the 'see also' section?
I added a link to Menstrual cup in the see also section and noticed the link to Diaper. I don't think it's an approiate wikilink, as the only similarity between the two products is its ability to absorb bodily fluids. However, the purposes of each product are very different and a comparison of the two can be considered offensive. I would like to remove it, but I'd appreciate another editor's input before doing so. Clovermoss (talk) 21:16, 20 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I edited the article and removed the link. Clovermoss (talk) 00:25, 22 June 2019 (UTC)

External link removed
I removed an external link added here because it's a blog and phrased as a question. I intended to leave a more detailed edit summary but accidently pressed publish before I did. If anyone wants to have this external link included, feel free to reply with your rationale. Clover moss (talk) 15:13, 28 December 2019 (UTC)

Revert War between Kenner and Franklin
Apparently editor(s) are attempting to change information on the page to something that is not supported by the cited source while leaving the source intact as if it did support this edit. There have been a few reverts back and forth between two names: specifically, changing "Benjamin Franklin" to "Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner" with no change in meaning or context as the inventor of the *bandage* that is is referring to which inspired the sanitary napkin. This is not supported in the linked source as Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner is not mentioned anywhere in the source and Benjamin Franklin is, in the exact context of the sentence in this article. What's more is that it makes no sense to credit her in this way since it is not referring to her much later patent in the sentence but to a medical device which predated it by far. In fact, the sentence goes on to say it was first available commercially in 1888 but Beatrice's patent was not granted until 1954. Although she does have a related patent, it is not what the article is referring to in the sentence in question. What she actually patented was a belt designed to grip and hold a pad in place, not the pad itself. This belt is not in common usage, either. To credit her as the sole inventor and to cut out the contribution of Benjamin Franklin seems like ideologically motivated vandalism to me, or at least based on misinformation found on social media. I'm going to revert again with a note. Wayweary (talk) 03:05, 20 February 2020 (UTC)

Benjamin Franklin
The source for that assertion comes from a dubious source, I couldn't find a reliable one, and it seems aligned with the notion of the genius to whom so many inventions are credited. Like Pythagoras. I doubt there is a continuum between his medical pads and modern menstrual pads --Jbaranao (talk) 16:49, 19 July 2020 (UTC)

Article title
Why is this page not titled "Menstrual pad"? This product is typically referred to as a "pad", and in fact that is what they are called all throughout the article despite the title. Endwise (talk) 00:57, 16 February 2022 (UTC)

Requested move 17 February 2022

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Page moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) Jerm (talk) 11:23, 24 February 2022 (UTC)

Sanitary napkin → Menstrual pad – For the reasons I outlined in the above section: a quick google search confirms that "menstrual pad" is more commonly used than "sanitary napkin", and in fact they are called "pads" all throughout this article, despite the title. Endwise (talk) 02:29, 17 February 2022 (UTC)

 * Support (strongly) per nom. It seems like the WP:COMMONNAME is "(menstrual) pad" (which is also a bit clearer of a title — plus, "sanitary napkin" appears to be a bit of a euphemism, etc.) Paintspot Infez (talk) 03:21, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support. Definitely the more common name. Rreagan007 (talk) 05:49, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support for the same reasons stated above. We don't have a title at Powdering one's nose, either. BD2412  T 06:39, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Strong support per reasons above. ---CX Zoom(he/him) (let's talk|contribs) 07:08, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support, this is an obvious improvement that is less euphemistic and more common. --Cerebral726 (talk) 14:47, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support, WP:COMMONNAME is "pad", with menstrual implied. Assuming it's not the primary topic for pad (I would argue it is primary, but that's another discussion), then Menstrual pad is by far the best choice for an disambiguated title (closest unambiguous term to the common name). Sanitary napkin is incredibly euphemistic, uncommon, controversial (because of the use of "sanitary" in the context of periods), and anyone that hadn't heard the term before could easily assume they're in the wrong place (WP:SURPRISE). --Xurizuri (talk) 04:36, 19 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Comment. I wonder if this is a case of WP:ENGVAR. In the UK, "sanitary" is usually seen as the first element, with the second element being "napkin", "towel" or "pad". So claims that it is "euphemistic, uncommon, controversial" are certainly not applicable here. See Britain's biggest supermarket chain, the BBC, and again, and again, and many other sources. -- Necrothesp (talk) 16:05, 23 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Comment Google Ngrams seems to show higher usage of "sanitary napkin", and |Menstrual_pad pageviews seem to indicate higher usage as well (although they may both be biased due to various reasons, e.g. Google showing results for sanitary napkin when people search for menstrual pad, etc). 🐶 EpicPupper (he/him | talk) 18:04, 23 February 2022 (UTC)
 * When you google "menstrual pad", Google displays this page. I think most people access Wikipedia (particularly for a page like this) via Google first, rather than typing in en.wikipedia.org and then searching "menstrual pad" into Wikipedia's search bar. So I don't think Wikipedia page views really mean anything. Endwise (talk) 23:40, 23 February 2022 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

title: Talk:Menstrual pad


text:
Obie Award

The Obie Awards or Off-Broadway Theater Awards are annual awards given since 1956 by The Village Voice newspaper to theater artists and groups involved in off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City. Starting just after the 2014 ceremony, the American Theatre Wing became the joint presenter and administrative manager of the Obie Awards. The Obie Awards are considered off-Broadway's highest honor, similar to the Tony Awards for Broadway productions.

Background
The Obie Awards were initiated by critic Jerry Tallmer and Edwin (Ed) Fancher, publisher of The Village Voice, who handled the financing and business side of the project. They were first given in 1956 under the direction of Tallmer. Initially, only off-Broadway productions were eligible; in 1964, off-off-Broadway productions were made eligible. The first Obie Awards ceremony was held at Helen Gee's cafe.

With the exception of the Lifetime Achievement and Best New American Play awards, there are no fixed categories at the Obie Awards, and the winning actors and actresses are all in a single category titled "Performance." There are no announced nominations. Awards in the past have included performance, direction, best production, design, special citations, and sustained achievement. Not every category is awarded every year. The Village Voice also awards annual Obie grants to selected companies; in 2011, these grants were $2,000 each to Metropolitan Playhouse and Wakka Wakka Productions. There is also a Ross Wetzsteon Grant, named after its former theater editor, in the amount of $2,000 (in 2009; in 2011 the grant was $1,000), for a theatre that nurtures innovative new plays.

The first awards in 1955-1956 for plays and musicals were given to Absalom (Lionel Abel) as Best New Play, Uncle Vanya, Best All-Around Production and The Threepenny Opera as Best Musical.

Other awards for off-Broadway theatre are the Lucille Lortel Awards, the Drama Desk Awards, the Drama League Award, and the Outer Critics Circle Awards.

As of September 2014, the Obie Awards are jointly presented by the American Theatre Wing and the Village Voice, with the Wing having "overall responsibility for running" the Awards.

In 2021, American Theatre Wing took over as sole presenter of the Obie Awards and continue to present the honors for off and off-off Broadway theatre.

Award categories

 * Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Actress
 * Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Actor
 * Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Ensemble
 * Sustained Achievement Award
 * Best New American Theatre Work Award
 * Playwriting Award
 * Design Award
 * Special Citations
 * Obie Grants
 * The Ross Wetzsteon Award

Grants
Obie Grants are awarded each year to select theatre companies. Previous recipients include:

Ross Wetzsteon Award is a $2,000 grant awarded to a theatre that nurture innovative new plays. Previous recipients include:

title: Obie Award


text: Category:School of Fish albums

title: Category:School of Fish albums


text:
Newmarket railway station, Brisbane

Newmarket railway station is located on the Ferny Grove line in Queensland, Australia. It serves the Brisbane suburb of Newmarket.

History
With the opening of The Enoggera Line in 1899. The stock saleyards which were moved to Newmarket from Normanby ca.1880. The station was originally used as a rail yard mainly used for transporting cattle from the sales yard between Wilston Road and Enoggera Road. The remains of the rail yard where the stock used to be loaded can be seen from platform 1 today.

Services
Newmarket station is served by all stops Ferny Grove line services from Ferny Grove to Roma Street, Park Road, Coopers Plains and Beenleigh.

title: Newmarket railway station, Brisbane


text:
Dorchester, New Brunswick

Dorchester is a community in Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. The community became part of the new town of Tantramar in the 2023 New Brunswick local governance reform. Originally incorporated as a town in 1911, it was converted to a village in 1966. By 1825 it had been named for Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, an 18th-century Governor-General of the old Province of Quebec, but prior to that was called Botsford.

It is located on the eastern side of the mouth of the lush Memramcook River valley near the river's discharge point into Shepody Bay. Dorchester is an English-speaking community but it is adjacent to French-speaking Acadian areas farther up the Memramcook River valley.

History
The shire town of the county, Dorchester has several fine historic homes and civic buildings most of which were built by local lawyer and Master Builder, John Francis Teed. During the 19th century, Dorchester and neighbouring Dorchester Island were important shipbuilding centres. Numerous master mariners also lived in Dorchester and vicinity during the Golden Age of Sail. Prior to rail service, it was a centre for the stagecoach, as well as a busy ship port. The community was transformed with the construction in 1872 of the Intercolonial Railway between Halifax and Rivière-du-Loup. In 1911, the village founded the Dorchester Light and Fire Company which is now known as the Dorchester Volunteer Fire Department. In 1965, the village courthouse was destroyed by arson. Many in the community came to the town square to watch the building burn. The only thing left of the courthouse was the safe. It is now used in the village hall where the courthouse once stood. The courthouse was never rebuilt, and much of the economy behind it left the community.

Dorchester was home to Edward Barron Chandler, a father of confederation and his family who built their home, Chandler House, commonly referred to as Rocklynn which is now a nationally recognized historic property.

Premier Louis Robichaud's government during the 1960s created an industrial park and deepwater loading pier at nearby Dorchester Cape as part of a regional economic development program. Envisioned to be used by the petro-chemical industry, the government constructed a new road and railway spur along with an electrical substation and the pier as well as a building that was envisioned to be used as a fertilizer plant. The industrial park had no tenants and the pier sitting in the Memramcook River was quickly silted in by mud from the tides of the Bay of Fundy. Today all that remains are the roads and the railbed as well as some broken street lights, a deteriorating sea wall and the empty shell of the abandoned fertilizer plant.

In 1998, the Dorchester Jail was also closed. It is currently a fitness gym and a bed and breakfast.

On 1 January 2023, Dorchester amalgamated with the town of Sackville and parts of three local service districts to form the new town of Tantramar. The community's name remains in official use.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Dorchester had a population of $906$ living in $207$ of its $221$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $1,096$. With a land area of 5.71 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Population trend

Income (2015)

Mother tongue (2016)

Economy
The village's main employer today is the Correctional Service of Canada, which operates a prison complex now comprising the medium-security (once maximum-security) Dorchester Penitentiary, and the minimum-security Westmorland Institution.

Many residents commute to work in the nearby towns of Sackville and Amherst or the cities of Moncton and Dieppe.

A recent influx of residents is creating a new demand for Dorchester.

Tourism is centred on the historic and natural features of the area. One of Dorchester's most historic buildings houses the Keillor House Museum. The annual shorebird migration to the mud flats of nearby Johnson's Mills is celebrated by an oversize model of a semi-palmated sandpiper situated in the village square.

Transportation
Although situated on the CN Rail main line between Halifax and Montreal, Dorchester no longer has a passenger station, with travellers having to entrain/detrain in Sackville or Moncton. The nearest airport is the Greater Moncton International Airport, a 40 km drive in Dieppe.

Notable people

 * William Henry Snyder Nickerson - Dorchester born winner of the Victoria Cross for actions performed during the Second Boer War.
 * John F. Hickman - Canadian soldier, victim of the 1919 Kinmel Park riots in Wales after World War I. His parents lived in Dorchester and he is buried at Dorchester Rural Cemetery.
 * Edward Barron Chandler - Father of Confederation. His family home, Chandler House, commonly referred to as Rocklynn, was later inhabited by the Teed Family.
 * John Francis Teed - architect, lawyer and Master Builder, a "third-generation Loyalist [who] was one of Dorchester, New Brunswick's most celebrated master builders. Teed's reputation was sealed with the construction of Mount Allison University's Centennial College Hall (1884) and Owens Art Gallery (1895). In 1895, he supervised the expansion of St. Francis Xavier University's Xavier Hall with the addition of a new two-storey west wing. " He is an ancestor of the Teeds of Saint John.
 * Douglas How (1919–2001) - journalist, magazine editor, and author.
 * Sir Pierre-Amand Landry (1846–1916) - Acadian lawyer, judge and political figure.
 * Sir Albert James Smith (1822–1883) - politician and opponent of Canadian confederation.
 * Forbes Kennedy (1935-) - Hockey player who last played for the Toronto Maple Leafs.

Trivia
The Dorchester Jail was the location of the last double hanging in New Brunswick, September 1936
 * Dorchester appears fictionalized in Douglas How's humorous book Blow Up the Trumpet in the New Moon (1993).
 * The song Dorchester by Matt Minglewood is about the Dorchester Penitentiary.
 * Dorchester is home to what may be the world's largest sculpture of a sandpiper, Shep.
 * The Bell Inn Restaurant is one of New Brunswick's oldest surviving stone buildings, built sometime between 1811 and 1821. It is also in the book of Where To Eat In Canada.

title: Dorchester, New Brunswick


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American (1917 automobile)

The American was an American automobile, built in Plainfield, New Jersey, manufactured from 1917 to 1924. The company also used names American Balanced Six or American Six, "Balanced" referred to its chassis, not the engine. It was an assembled car, one of many built in its time, and it used components from several manufacturers like Borg & Beck for clutch, Warner transmission, Stromberg carburetor and Rutenber engines.

The company was never large; its peak production was 1400 vehicles built in 1920. In that same year a powerful 58 hp Herschell-Spillman six-cylinder engine replaced old 45 hp Rutenber six. American was commonly advertised as a 'Smile Car' because the company believed their cars offered trouble-free miles for their owners. In 1923 the company became associated with the Bessemer Motor Truck Corporation; that October, the company became Amalgamated Motors Corporation, incorporating Northway and Winther as well. Before spring of 1924 American car was out of production. The total number of cars produced was about 6000 cars.

For a brief time, famed racing driver and future automobile designer Louis Chevrolet worked as a vice-president and the head of American's engineering department.

title: American (1917 automobile)


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Talk:Castlemilk glasgow

From VfD:

Delete -was on cleanup, better article at Castlemilk Sc147 01:19, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Agree. Delete.  The content that it is possible to merge is about other housing developments, not Castlemilk.  The rest is already covered at Castlemilk.  SWAdair | Talk  04:12, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I took the liberty of redirecting to Castlemilk. Keep harmless redirect. Rossami 22:47, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)

end moved dicussion

title: Talk:Castlemilk glasgow


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Shades of Black (organisation)

Shades of Black is a community organization in the Handsworth area of Birmingham, England, formed after the Handsworth riots in the mid-1980s, extending from the 1990s to work in other deprived areas including Stechford.

The group works with local schools at two large allotments in the city.

Children from disadvantaged backgrounds are taught about vegetable gardening. The produce is distributed to elderly people who cook for themselves, to elderly day care centres and any surplus used at a local catering college to help students prepare food from other cultures.

The founder, Mrs E C McGhie-Belgrave, a former probation worker, was awarded an MBE by the Queen in 2002.

title: Shades of Black (organisation)


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User:Ihatefile007

I believe that coming back here for the reasons I had was a mistake. I no longer have the desire to see the perplexing and unequal enforcement of rules and policies on articles to want to edit or read the encyclopedia anymore.

title: User:Ihatefile007


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Gossip (Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls album)

Gossip is the double LP debut album by Australian rock group Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls. Produced by Alan Thorne and Paul Kelly, it was released on Mushroom Records in September 1986, which peaked at No. 15 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart, and achieved gold record status. There was commercial success for "Before Too Long" which peaked at No. 15 and "Darling It Hurts" reached No. 25 on the related Singles Chart. Gossip was released in different forms, initially as a double album with 24 tracks, it was edited down to a single 15-track LP for North American and European release on A&M Records, when released on CD in North America, it featured 17 tracks.

At the 1986 Countdown Australian Music Awards the album was nominated for Best Australian Album.

Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls had been named for a lyric in Lou Reed's song "Walk on the Wild Side", but all North American and European releases were credited to Paul Kelly and the Messengers due to possible racist interpretations. "Darling It Hurts" peaked at No. 19 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Chart in 1987. The initial 1987 Australian CD release contained 21 tracks; in 2005, a special deluxe 2-CD version was released in Australia which contained all 24 tracks. In October 2010, it was listed at No. 7 in the book, 100 Best Australian Albums.

Background
After relocating from Melbourne to Sydney in 1985, Paul Kelly had recorded and released a solo album Post. Kelly then began to play and record with a full-time band, which included Michael Armiger on bass guitar, Michael Barclay on drums, Steve Connolly on guitar, eventually bassist Jon Schofield, and keyboardist Peter Bull joined. Through a joke based on Lou Reed's song "Walk on the Wild Side", the band became known as Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls. Their first release was "From St Kilda to Kings Cross" but it did not chart. The line-up of the Coloured Girls changed rapidly with some stability late in 1985 as Barclay, Bull, Connolly and Schofield. Stuart Coupe, Kelly's manager, advised him to sign with Regular Records due to difficulty re-signing with Mushroom's Michael Gudinski. Michelle Higgins, Mushroom's Public relations officer, was a Kelly supporter and locked herself into a Sebel Townhouse Hotel room for nearly a week in mid-1986, refusing to leave until Gudinski had signed Kelly to a two-album recording contract.

In September 1986 Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls released the 24-track double LP Gossip. The album included remakes of songs from Post and also featured "Maralinga (Rainy Land)", a song about the effects of British atomic testing on the Maralinga Tjarutja – indigenous people of Maralinga, South Australia. Gossip peaked at No. 15 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Charts, with singles chart success for "Before Too Long" which peaked at No. 15 and "Darling It Hurts" reaching No. 25. A single LP version of Gossip featuring 15 tracks was released in North America and Europe by A&M Records in July, 1987. Due to possible racist connotations the band changed its name, for international releases, to Paul Kelly and the Messengers. They made an American tour, initially supporting Crowded House and then head-lining, travelling across the United States by bus. "Darling It Hurts" peaked at No. 19 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart in 1987. The New York Times rock critic, John Pareles wrote "Mr. Kelly sang one smart, catchy three-minute song after another - dozens of them - as the band played with no-frills directness." following the band's performance at the Bottom Line Club in New York.

Track listing
All tracks written by Paul Kelly unless otherwise indicated.
 * 1) "Last Train to Heaven" – 4:51
 * 2) "Leaps and Bounds" (Paul Kelly, Chris Langman) – 3:25
 * 3) "Before the Old Man Died" – 2:35 Remixed by Scott Litt for North American issues
 * 4) "Down on My Speedway" – 3:25
 * 5) "White Train" – 2:47^^
 * 6) "Randwick Bells" – 3:38
 * 7) "Before Too Long" – 3:24
 * 8) "Adelaide" – 3:39^^ Omitted from North American LP and CD issues
 * 9) "I Won't Be Torn Apart" – 2:51 Omitted from North American LP issue
 * 10) "Going About My Father's Business" – 3:34 Omitted from North American LP issue
 * 11) "Somebody's Forgetting Somebody (Somebody's Letting Somebody Down)" – 3:41
 * 12) "The Ballroom" – 2:02 Omitted from North American LP and CD issues
 * 13) "Tighten Up" – 2:57 Remixed by Scott Litt for North American issues
 * 14) "I've Come for Your Daughter" – 3:21 Omitted from North American LP and CD issues, 1993 Australian CD issue
 * 15) "So Blue" – 3:32 Omitted from North American LP and CD issues
 * 16) "The Execution" – 5:17 Remixed by Scott Litt for North American issues
 * 17) "Incident on South Dowling" – 3:13^^
 * 18) "Maralinga (Rainy Land)" – 3:57 Omitted from North American LP and CD issues
 * 19) "Darling It Hurts" (Kelly, Steve Connolly) – 3:19
 * 20) "Look So Fine, Feel So Low" (Kelly, Maurice Frawley) – 3:22^^
 * 21) "Stories of Me" – 2:45
 * 22) "Don't Harm the Messenger" – 3:47
 * 23) "Gossip" (Kelly, Chris Coyne) – 2:56 Omitted from North American LP and CD issues, 1993 Australian CD issue
 * 24) "After the Show" – 3:17 Omitted from North American LP and CD issues, 1993 Australian CD issue

^^ = previously recorded on Kelly's 1985 solo release, Post

Personnel
Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls
 * Paul Kelly — acoustic guitar, vocals
 * Michael Armiger — bass guitar (tracks 8, 14, 20)
 * Michael Barclay — drums, vocals
 * Peter Bull — keyboards, vocals
 * Steve Connolly — guitar, vocals
 * Chris Coyne — saxophone, saxophone (tenor) (tracks 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 19)
 * John Schofield — bass, vocals

Additional musicians
 * Richard Burgman — electric rhythm guitar
 * Joe Camilleri — saxophone (track 3)
 * Mike Cleary — piccolo trumpet
 * Wayne Freer — trombone (tracks 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 19)
 * Graham Lee — pedal steel guitar (tracks 1, 11, 21)
 * Grant McLennan — talking (track 21)
 * Astrid Munday — vocals (tracks 7, 17)
 * Brian Nixon — timpani
 * Dianne Spence — saxophone (track 20)
 * Chris Wilson — harmonica (tracks 1, 11, 16)

Recording details 2011 CD Remastered by Rick O'Neil at Turtlerock Mastering. Art work
 * Producer — Alan Thorne, Paul Kelly
 * Engineer — Alan Thorne
 * Remixer — Scott Litt (tracks 3, 13, 16 for North American release)
 * Cover Art — Ann Redmond
 * Photography — Wayne O'Farrell