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Incivility

Incivility is a general term for social behaviour lacking in civility or good manners, on a scale from rudeness or lack of respect for elders, to vandalism and hooliganism, through public drunkenness and threatening behaviour. The word "incivility" is derived from the Latin incivilis, meaning "not of a citizen".

The distinction between plain rudeness, and perceived incivility as threat, will depend on some notion of civility as structural to society; incivility as anything more ominous than bad manners is therefore dependent on appeal to notions like its antagonism to the complex concepts of civic virtue or civil society. It has become a contemporary political issue in a number of countries.

Uncivil communication
Civil behavior requires that people communicate with respect, restraint, and responsibility, and uncivil communication occurs when people fail to do so. Universal pragmatics, a term coined by Jürgen Habermas, suggests that human conflict arises from miscommunication, so communicative competence is needed to reduce conflict. Communication competence "involves the ability to communicate in such a way that: (1) the truth claim of an utterance is shared by both speaker and hearer; (2) the hearer is led to understand and accept the speaker’s intention; and (3) the speaker adapts to the hearer’s world view." If people disagree about the truth or appropriateness of their interaction, conflict will occur.

According to Habermas, we should establish communicative norms that lead to rational conversations by creating the social coordination needed for interactants to pursue their goals while recognizing the truth or appropriateness of their interaction. Such norms, or social rules, include: "all participants must be allowed to speak freely, all participants must be allowed to speak for themselves (to enable them to establish their own ethos or "selfhood"), and that communication should be equal, with no one participant commanding more attention from the others than is afforded to them on their turn."

Some examples of uncivil communication include rude gestures, vulgar language, interrupting, and loudly having private discussions in public spaces. Recent poll data suggests that Americans believe uncivil communication is a serious problem, and believe it has led to an increase in physical violence. The 2013 study on Civility in America: A Nationwide Survey, conducted by global public relations firm Weber Shandwick and public affairs firm Powell Tate in partnership with KRC Research found that 70 percent of Americans believe incivility has reached crisis proportions. Of those who expect civility to worsen, 34 percent blame Twitter. The study found that Americans encounter incivility, on average, 17.1 times per week, or 2.4 times per day. Some studies suggest that uncivil communication may have real consequences, including increased health problems due to stress, decreased work productivity, more auto accidents caused by aggressive driving, and vandalism.

Political incivility
Political incivility is different from the everyday incivility described above. According to face negotiation theory, politeness norms require us to avoid challenging others, but political incivility is different because, since it is specific to the political sphere, contestation of views and confrontation are required for a democracy to occur. According to Thomas Benson, "Where there is disagreement, there is a risk of incivility; in many cases, incivility is itself a tactic in political discourse, employed as an indicator of sincerity, as the marker of the high stakes in a disagreement."

Civil discourse is "the free and respectful exchange of different ideas". Eight out of 10 Americans believe that the lack of civil discourse in the political system is a serious problem. Eighty-two percent of American respondents to a 2011 survey felt that political advertisements were too "nasty" and 72 percent believed that political commercials that attacked the opponent were "inappropriate". Research has linked political incivility to reduced trust in the legitimacy of political candidates, political polarization, and policy gridlock. Campaigns and politicians are not the only avenues for incivility, however. The public also participates in civil discourse, and incivility. Incivility in these contexts can lead to the breakdown of political discourse, and exclude certain people or groups from the discussion. If people or groups are systematically excluded from the discussion, the democratic nature of that discussion is called into question.

In his article The Public Sphere: An Encyclopedia Article (1964), Habermas explains that the public sphere is "a realm of our social life in which something approaching public opinion can be formed… Although state authority is so to speak the executor of the political public sphere, it is not a part of it." Political incivility threatens the features of the rhetorical model of the public sphere, which include:
 * 1) It is discourse-based as opposed to class-based.
 * 2) Norm of reasonableness, meaning the success of an argument depends on participants agreeing that it makes sense.
 * 3) It "emphasizes indeterminate bracketing of discursive exchanges", meaning the public sphere is made up of many smaller conversations that happen independently of each other.
 * 4) Values communication that leads to shared judgments.

Political incivility threatens the future of the rhetorical model of the public sphere because it fractures that sphere into counter-publics, which may or may not interact with each other. According to Papacharissi (2004), "Incivility can then be operationalized as the set of behaviors that threaten democracy, deny people their personal freedoms, and stereotype social groups.", all of which could result from the violation of the features of the rhetorical model of the public sphere. People or groups may be systematically shut out of the mainstream political discourse, which makes that discourse less democratic, as certain voices are then missing from that discourse. Examples of incivility in political discourse include, but are not limited to, name calling, derisive or disrespectful speech and vulgarity, intentional lies, and misrepresentation. Another type of uncivil behavior is "outrage speech", which includes name calling, insulting, character assassination, mockery, and emotional displays. There are disagreements among researchers about whether or not emotional speech – using anger, fear, or hatred – should be considered uncivil. Some researchers view some emotional speech as civil unless it threatens democracy in some way, while other researchers view emotional speech itself as a disruption to democracy, and push for a purely rational view of civility.

Stryker et al. assert that "political incivility is usefully distinguished from interpersonal politeness outside of politics." Their research found consensus among survey respondents concerning the types of political speech and behavior that "count" as "political incivility". Papacharissi echoes this sentiment, stating that "civility should be redefined as a construct that encompasses, but also goes beyond, politeness."

Workplace incivility
A 2011 report in USA Today defined workplace incivility as "a form of organizational deviance... characterized by low-intensity behaviors that violate respectful workplace norms, appearing vague as to intent to harm." Researchers had announced at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association that "Workplace incivility is on the rise. Uncivil behaviors are characteristically rude and discourteous, displaying a lack of regard for others", which can lead to distress for those experiencing this treatment. Incivility is distinct from violence. Examples of workplace incivility include insulting comments, denigration of the target's work, spreading false rumors, and social isolation. Cortina (2008) conceptualizes incivility that amounts to covert practices of sexism and/or racism in the workplace as selective incivility. For example, Ozturk and Berber (2022) demonstrate significant evidence of subtle racism in UK workplaces, where racialized professionals appear to be the main targets of selective incivility.

Marketing incivility
At one time, a number of automotive audio manufacturers engaged in marketing incivility with their products, which included Sony with its "Disturb The Peace" tagline.

Quotes

 * "Candor, far from being the enemy of civility, is one of its preconditions." Robert P. George, McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence at Princeton University, 29 May 2009
 * "I don't believe in confrontation. That seems to me outside civil discourse and we all have to find way to be civil to one another." Condoleezza Rice, NPR interview, 4 March 2009.
 * "... people shouldn't underestimate the value of civility." President Barack Obama
 * "There is a toxic nature to Washington that thrives on food fights and thrives on controversy and thrives on people not getting along." Matthew Dowd, Bush's pollster and chief strategist for the 2004 presidential campaign.
 * "On both sides of any issue, I'd like to see us increasingly wage ideological battles with words and ideas and not with volume and antics." Mark DeMoss, NPR interview, 12 August 2009.
 * "Civility costs nothing and buys everything." Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, 1689–1766
 * "It's too much to expect in an academic setting that we should all agree, but it's not too much to expect discipline and unvarying civility." John Howard, Australian statesman
 * "Teaching civility is an obligation of the family." Stephen L. Carter
 * "The greatest challenge facing contemporary civilization is to bring some peace between our competitive spirit and our need for communal well-being." Benet Davetian

Movements and organizations promoting civility

 * Dr. P.M. Forni, a professor at Johns Hopkins University, co-founded the Johns Hopkins Civility Project in 1997. An aggregation of academic and community outreach activities, the JHCP aimed at assessing the significance of civility, manners and politeness in contemporary society. The JHCP has been reconstituted as The Civility Initiative at Johns Hopkins, which Dr. Forni now directs. This Web site is designed to introduce Dr. Forni's work on civility and to offer links to related material (http://sites.jhu.edu/civility/index.html).
 * The Civility Project is a voluntary, grassroots movement of people from diverse backgrounds who agree that, at this critical time in America's history, solutions to our most pressing problems will be found only through a more civil exchange of ideas. A web-based organization, CivilityProject.org hopes to promote more civility in public discourse. Mark DeMoss and long-time Clinton advisor Lanny Davis launched The Civility Project (http://www.CivilityProject.org) earlier 2009.
 * Choose Civility is an ongoing community-wide initiative, led by Howard County Library, to position Howard County, Maryland as a model of civility. The project intends to enhance respect, empathy, consideration and tolerance in Howard County (http://www.choosecivility.org).
 * The National Civility Center is a not-for-profit organization established in 2000 to help people make their communities better places to live. They believe that a comprehensive approach to community improvement—one that engages all local stakeholders around shared ideas and a unified plan for action—can help community members and organizations become more effective at solving tough social issues (http://www.civilitycenter.org).
 * The Institute for Civility believes there are two key threats to the effectiveness and efficiency of our governing process today. A nation experiencing both polarization and citizen apathy is a nation at risk. The institute works to reduce polarization in society by focusing on the very public civility (or lack of it!) in the governing process by facilitating dialogue, teaching respect, and building civility (http://www.instituteforcivility.org/ and http://www.civilityblog.org/).
 * "The Civility Institute" (http://www.civilityinstitute.com), founded by Dr. Benet Davetian (author of Civility-A Cultural History), conducts research on civility and provides consultations for institutions, schools, corporations. The goal of the institute is to offer beneficiaries with a practical understanding of the social psychology of civility and how civility can be increased without interfering with the mandates of a competitive society.

title: Incivility


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Lawrence Krauss

Lawrence Maxwell Krauss (born May 27, 1954) is a Canadian-American  theoretical physicist and cosmologist who taught at Arizona State University (ASU), Yale University, and Case Western Reserve University. He founded ASU's Origins Project in 2008 to investigate fundamental questions about the universe and served as the project's director.

Krauss is an advocate for public understanding of science, public policy based on sound empirical data, scientific skepticism, and science education. An anti-theist, Krauss seeks to reduce the influence of what he regards as superstition and religious dogma in popular culture. Krauss is the author of several bestselling books, including The Physics of Star Trek (1995) and A Universe from Nothing (2012), and chaired the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Board of Sponsors.

Upon investigating allegations about sexual misconduct by Krauss, ASU determined that Krauss had violated university policy, and did not renew his Origins Project directorship for a third term in July 2018. Krauss retired as a professor at ASU in May 2019, at the end of the following academic year. He currently serves as president of The Origins Project Foundation. Krauss hosts The Origins Podcast with Lawrence Krauss and publishes a blog titled Critical Mass.

Early life and education
Krauss was born on May 27, 1954, in New York City, but spent his childhood in Toronto. He was raised in a household that was Jewish but not religious. Krauss received undergraduate degrees in mathematics and physics with first-class honours at Carleton University in Ottawa in 1977, and was awarded a Ph.D. in physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1982.

Career
After some time in the Harvard Society of Fellows, Krauss became an assistant professor at Yale University in 1985 and associate professor in 1988. He left Yale for Case Western Reserve University in 1993 when he was named the Ambrose Swasey Professor of Physics, professor of astronomy, and chairman of the physics department until 2005. In 2006, Krauss led the initiative for the no-confidence vote against Case Western Reserve University's president Edward M. Hundert and provost John L. Anderson by the College of Arts and Sciences faculty. On March 2, 2006, both no-confidence votes were carried: 131–44 against Hundert and 97–68 against Anderson.

In August 2008, Krauss joined the faculty at Arizona State University as a foundation Professor in the School of Earth and Space Exploration at the Department of Physics in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. He also became the director of the Origins Project, a university initiative "created to explore humankind's most fundamental questions about our origins". In 2009, he helped inaugurate this initiative at the Origins Symposium, in which eighty scientists participated and three thousand people attended.

Donors to the Origins Project included a foundation called "Enhanced Education", run by the financier Jeffrey Epstein.

Krauss appears in the media both at home and abroad to facilitate public outreach in science. He has also written editorials for The New York Times. As a result of his appearance in 2002 before the state school board of Ohio, his opposition to intelligent design has gained national prominence.

Krauss attended and was a speaker at the Beyond Belief symposia in November 2006 and October 2008. He served on the science policy committee for Barack Obama's first (2008) presidential campaign and, also in 2008, was named co-president of the board of sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. In 2010, he was elected to the board of directors of the Federation of American Scientists, and in June 2011, he joined the professoriate of the New College of the Humanities, a private college in London. In 2013, he accepted a part-time professorship at the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics in the physics department of the Australian National University.

Krauss is a critic of string theory, which he discusses in his 2005 book Hiding in the Mirror. In his 2012 book A Universe from Nothing Krauss says about string theory "we still have no idea if this remarkable theoretical edifice actually has anything to do with the real world". Released in March 2011, another book titled Quantum Man: Richard Feynman's Life in Science, while A Universe from Nothing—with an afterword by Richard Dawkins—was released in January 2012, and became a New York Times bestseller within a week. Originally, its foreword was to have been written by Christopher Hitchens, but Hitchens grew too ill to complete it. The paperback version of the book appeared in January 2013 with a new question-and-answer section and a preface integrating the 2012 discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider. On March 21, 2017, his newest book, The Greatest Story Ever Told—So Far: Why Are We Here? was released in hardcover, paperback, and audio version.

A July 2012 article in Newsweek, written by Krauss, indicates how the Higgs particle is related to our understanding of the Big Bang. He also wrote a longer piece in The New York Times explaining the science behind and significance of the particle.

In January 2019, Krauss became President of the Origins Project Foundation, a non-profit corporation intended to host public panel discussions on science, culture, and social issues. On June 21, 2019, a new video podcast, The Origins Podcast with Lawrence Krauss, launched with Krauss as host. The first episodes included dialogues with Ricky Gervais, Noam Chomsky, and Jenny Boylan.

Scientific work

Krauss mostly works in theoretical physics and has published research on a variety of topics within that field. In 1995 he proposed that the energy-density of the universe was dominated by the energy of empty space. In 1998 this prediction was confirmed by two observational collaborations and in 2011 the Nobel Prize was awarded for their discovery. Krauss has formulated a model in which the Universe could have potentially come from "nothing", as outlined in his 2012 book A Universe from Nothing. He explains that certain arrangements of relativistic quantum fields might explain the existence of the Universe as we know it while disclaiming that he "has no idea if the notion [of taking quantum mechanics for granted] can be usefully dispensed with". As his model appears to agree with experimental observations of the Universe (such as its shape and energy density), it is referred to by some as a "plausible hypothesis". His model has been criticized by cosmologist and theologian George Ellis, who said it "is not tested science" but "philosophical speculation".

Initially, Krauss was skeptical of the existence of the Higgs boson. However, after it was detected by CERN, he researched the implications of the Higgs field on the nature of dark energy.

Activism
Krauss has argued that public policy debates in the United States should have a greater focus on science. He criticized Republican presidential candidate Ben Carson's statements on science, writing that Carson's remarks "suggest he never learned or chooses to ignore basic, well-tested scientific concepts".

Krauss has described himself as an antitheist and takes part in public debates on religion. Krauss is featured in the 2013 documentary The Unbelievers, in which he and Richard Dawkins travel across the globe speaking publicly about the importance of science and reason as opposed to religion and superstition. He has participated in many debates with religious apologists, including William Lane Craig and John Lennox.

In his book A Universe from Nothing: Why There is Something Rather than Nothing (2012), Krauss discusses the premise that something cannot come from nothing, which has often been used as an argument for the existence of a prime mover. He has since argued in a debate with John Ellis and Don Cupitt that the laws of physics allow for the Universe to be created from nothing. "What would be the characteristics of a universe that was created from nothing, just with the laws of physics and without any supernatural shenanigans? The characteristics of the universe would be precisely those of the ones we live in." In an interview with The Atlantic, however, he states that he has never claimed that "questions about origins are over". According to Krauss, "I don't ever claim to resolve that infinite regress of why-why-why-why-why; as far as I'm concerned it's turtles all the way down".

Honors
In an interview with Krauss in the Scientific American, science writer Claudia Dreifus called Krauss "one of the few top physicists who is also known as a public intellectual." Krauss is one of very few to have received awards from all three major American physics societies: the American Physical Society, the American Association of Physics Teachers, and the American Institute of Physics. In 2012, he was awarded the National Science Board's Public Service Medal for his contributions to public education in science and engineering in the United States.

Relationship with Jeffrey Epstein
Krauss helped to organize a 2006 conference on gravity, funded by Jeffrey Epstein's science foundation. The conference was held on St. Thomas in the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Krauss defended Epstein after his 2008 guilty plea of procuring for prostitution a girl below age 18. In 2011, Krauss told an interviewer, "As a scientist I always judge things on empirical evidence and he always has women ages 19 to 23 around him, but I've never seen anything else, so as a scientist, my presumption is that whatever the problems were I would believe him over other people...I don't feel tarnished in any way by my relationship with Jeffrey; I feel raised by it."

Harvard Professor Steven Pinker said that Krauss was one of several colleagues who invited him to "salons and coffee klatsches" that included Epstein.

Allegations of sexual misconduct
In a February 2018 article describing allegations that "range from offensive comments to groping and non-consensual sexual advances", BuzzFeed reported a variety of sexual misconduct claims against Krauss, including two complaints from his years at Case Western Reserve University. Krauss responded that the article was "slanderous" and "factually incorrect". In a public statement, he apologized to anyone he made feel intimidated or uncomfortable, but stated that the BuzzFeed article "ignored counter-evidence, distorted the facts and made absurd claims about [him]."

ASU stated that they had not received complaints from faculty, staff, or students before the BuzzFeed article but subsequently began an internal investigation regarding an accusation that Krauss grabbed a woman's breast while at a convention in Australia. Investigators interviewed two eyewitnesses, and two other witnesses who immediately spoke with the unnamed woman. The witnesses described the woman as troubled and shocked. The woman told investigators that "she did not feel victimized, felt it was a clumsy interpersonal interaction and thought she had handled it in the moment." ASU found that the preponderance of evidence suggested that Krauss had violated the university's policy against sexual harassment by grabbing a woman's breast without her permission. As a result, Krauss was not renewed as director of the Origins Project and the university moved its staff to a project run by planetary scientist Lindy Elkins-Tanton, formally ending the Origins project.

In response to the university determination, Krauss produced a 51-page appeal document responding to the allegations, including a counter-claim that a photo claimed to be of Krauss grabbing a woman's breast was actually showing his hand moving away from the woman.

Several organizations also canceled scheduled talks by Krauss. Krauss resigned from the position of chair of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Board of Sponsors when informed that its other members felt his presence was distracting "from the ability of the Bulletin to effectively carry out [its] work".

Krauss retired from ASU at the end of the 2018–2019 academic year.

Books

 * The Fifth Essence (1989), Basic Books, ISBN 978-0465023752
 * Fear of Physics: A Guide for the Perplexed (1994), Basic Books, ISBN 0-465-02367-3
 * The Physics of Star Trek (1996), Basic Books, ISBN 0-465-00559-4
 * Beyond Star Trek: Physics from Alien Invasions to the End of Time (1998), HarperCollins, ISBN 978-0060977573
 * Quintessence: The Search for Missing Mass in the Universe (2000), Basic Books, ISBN 0-465-03741-0
 * Atom: An Odyssey from the Big Bang to Life on Earth...and Beyond (2001), Black Bay, ISBN 0-316-18309-1
 * Hiding in the Mirror: The Mysterious Allure of Extra Dimensions, from Plato to String Theory and Beyond (2005), Viking, ISBN 0-670-03395-2
 * Quantum Man: Richard Feynman's Life in Science (2011), Norton and Co. ISBN 978-0-393-06471-1
 * A Universe from Nothing: Why There Is Something Rather Than Nothing (2012), Atria Books, ISBN 978-1-4516-2445-8
 * The Greatest Story Ever Told—So Far: Why Are We Here? (2017), Atria Books, ISBN 978-1-4767-7761-0
 * The Physics of Climate Change (2021), Post Hill Press, ISBN 978-1642938166
 * The Known Unknowns (2023), Head of Zeus/Apollo, ISBN 978-1801100649
 * The Edge of Knowledge (2023), Post Hill Press, ISBN 978-1637588567

Contributor

 * 100 Things to Do Before You Die (plus a few to do afterwards). 2004. Profile Books. ISBN 978-1861979254
 * The Religion and Science Debate: Why Does It Continue? 2009. Yale Press. ISBN 978-0300152999

Articles

 * The Energy of Empty Space that isn't Zero. 2006. Edge.org
 * A dark future for cosmology. 2007. Physics World.
 * The End of Cosmology. 2008. Scientific American.
 * The return of a static universe and the end of cosmology. 2008. International Journal of Modern Physics.
 * Late time behavior of false vacuum decay: Possible implications for cosmology and metastable inflating states. 2008. Physical Review Letters.
 * The Cosmological Constant is Back, with M. S. Turner, Gen.Rel.Grav.27:1137–1144, 1995

Documentary films

 * The Unbelievers (2013)
 * The Principle (2014)
 * (2016)
 * Lo and Behold, Reveries of the Connected World (2016)
 * The Farthest (2017)

Television

 * How the Universe Works (2010–2018)

Films

 * London Fields (2015) (cameo)
 * Salt and Fire (2016)
 * Intersect (2020)

Awards

 * Gravity Research Foundation First Prize Award in the 1984 Essay Competition
 * American Association for the Advancement of Science's Award for the Public Understanding of Science and Technology (2000)
 * Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize (2001)
 * Andrew Gemant Award (2001)
 * American Institute of Physics Science Writing Award (2002)
 * Oersted Medal (2003)
 * American Physical Society Joseph A. Burton Forum Award (2005)
 * Center for Inquiry World Congress Science in the Public Interest Award (2009)
 * Helen Sawyer Hogg Prize of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada and the Astronomical Society of Canada (2009)
 * Physics World Book of the Year 2011 for Quantum Man
 * National Science Board 2012 Public Service Award and Medal (2012)
 * Elected as Laureate of the International Academy of Humanism (2013)
 * Gravity Research Foundation First Prize Award in the 2014 Essay Competition
 * Humanist of the Year, 2015, American Humanist Association (revoked in 2018 after allegations of sexual misconduct)
 * Richard Dawkins Award 2016, Atheist Alliance of America

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Lawrence Krauss


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Talk:Main Page/Archive 23

Copy pictures
Is it a copyvio if I copy a picture/photo from a different language wikipedia site. ??? eg. from nl.wikipedia.org to eg.wikipedia.org
 * No, unless the original picture is itself a copyvio. -- Grunt (talk) 02:51, 2004 Jul 9 (UTC)

Can someone please FIX THIS
"If you find Wikipedia or its sister projects useful, please consider making a donation . Donations are used primarily for purchasing computer equipment and launching new projects."

Should be:

"If you find Wikipedia or its sister projects useful, please consider making a donation. Donations are used primarily for purchasing computer equipment and launching new projects."

 * There wasn't actually a space after the word donation in the wikitext, although one did show up on the rendered page. I think this is a space for that external link icon to be displayed, but for some reason it isn't displayed, leaving a space. I've moved the period inside the link, which is not ideal, but at least is better than an extra space before it. Angela. 19:59, 9 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * "Full stop".   — Chameleon My page/My talk 20:07, 9 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * "Not ideal" indeed. Yuck. Kludges to avoid rendering bugs. *sighs*
 * James F. (talk) 06:58, 10 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Separation of powers
Why does this talk about the US?

When I hear "separation of powers" I think first of the French Republic, and secular republics in general, before I think of America. The Main Page makes it sound like a purely American principle. — Chameleon My page/My talk 21:41, 9 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Because the link is to the article fully titled Separation of powers under the United States Constitution, but that phrase would not have gone well in the summary on the main page, so whoever wrote it rearranged where the phrase about the US constitution occured. The one about the US constitution is the featured article though, not the one titled simply Separation of powers. (Edit) Also, this way made it possible to add an alternate link to United States Constitution.  —siroχo 22:28, Jul 9, 2004 (UTC)

July 20th is not the anniversary of Columbia but rather Colombia.. in spanish or english the official name of the country is written Colombia, Columbia is something else, please correct that.

Blank line at top of page
There is a blank line at the top of the main page. Possibly there are 2 right now. Why doesn't this get fixed? Thue | talk 10:57, 10 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Some people have been saying that a blank line makes the print version better. That might be why. —siroχo 00:50, Jul 11, 2004 (UTC)

Wikipedia Slow
Hi, I've noticed lately that Wikipedia seems to be slow, and not at any particular time. It just takes forever to load pages, even when it only took a few seconds before. I was wondering if anyone else has this problem. I have a DSL connection and live in Texas, USA, and speed on other sites is not a problem. Is Wikipedia simply outgrowing its bandwidth? I'd just like to know if others are experiencing this, thanks--naryathegreat 01:32, Jul 11, 2004 (UTC)

 * It varies for no reason obvious to me. It was slow for me for some time yesterday, seems acceptable now. Possibly it is a result of the developers tuning the site. Thue | talk 19:47, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * The reason that the site is slow is that we do not have enough servers to support all the traffic we are getting. Until we get enough money to buy more servers Wikipedia will probably continue to be as slow as it is now, or it may even get slower. Jeff8765 01:04, Jul 20, 2004 (UTC)

Marine Corps Establishment
The current line on the front page is incorrect. The Marines were established on November 10, 1775 -- they were re-established in 1798. --Alexwcovington 08:15, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Saxophone
I think saxophone was featured a couple of weeks back. At least I'm sure I saw that picture on the front page. Could someone clarify? Arvindn 09:19, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * No, Saxaphone was never featured. →Raul654 16:08, Jul 11, 2004 (UTC)

 * The saxophone with the same photo was used as a selected anniversary on May 17. -- Popsracer 02:05, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Does wikipedia represent the entire world?
discussion moved to User_talk:Drbalaji_md

Is Wikipedia democratic or aristocratic?
discussion moved to User_talk:Drbalaji_md

What is the future of Wikipedia? An experimental poll
discussion moved to User_talk:Drbalaji_md

related trolling also moved to User_talk:Drbalaji_md

Random German comment
Immer höre ich nur Englisch, das ist ja total langweilig, kann hier jemand Deutsch? (ja ich weiß, ich gehöre in die deutsche Wikipedia, aber man kann auch in fremdsprachigen Wikipedias seinen Spaß haben!!!)--217.2.41.199 12:56, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Man kann hier seinen Spaß haben, als man auf Englisch sprecht, natürlich.   — Chameleon My page/My talk 16:42, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Seing as I don't know German:  Vaß? Ilyanep (Talk) 15:46, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

First Beer
Lion Beer is possibly the first brand of beer in Asia. Beer was first brewed in Mesopotamia, and after that in Anatolia, both of which are in Asia. ato 02:10, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

i think this comment should go on the Did you know discussion, not here.--Zero00 11:49, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Selected anniversaries
When selecting anniversaries for the front page, please take care to distribute them geographically somewhat. Today's selected anniversaries consisted of 3 american events and 1 british/american event. That's just not appropriate for the front page of an international encyclopaedia. Zocky 11:49, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Template:July_29_selected_anniversaries is made from July_29 and not just for the main page, feel free to select better enteries from the latter to include in the former. -- Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason   13:13, 2004 Jul 13 (UTC)

BegPedia? Shame on you
Is this the new way to resort to beggary? I thougt Bomis makes money with pornographic content - and not with begging?!

PS The red bordered design is real stylish - or better - more than ugly. Shame on you... I would prefer a minimum of 10 pop-under windows and a blinking bold red border:

To help support Wikipedia, please visit the fundraising page, or read about what we use the money for.

 * 15 Popup windows and at least 2 blinking borders -- Rainbow Colored Ilyanep (Talk) 23:58, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * How do you get the border to blink? Must be some inane Internet Explorer bug. :) - Fennec (はさばくのきつね) 19:53, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

It isn't begging, it is reminding people that servers are not bought with good will. The burden on Bomis is already huge considering that more than half of their colo bill probably comes from serving Wikimedia projects. Only having the donation link in the sidebar yields (at most) a hundred bucks a day on average. Compare that with the $3,600 we have taken in during the three days that notice was put up. This is only a temporary notice, as will all such notices be during fund drives. Compare the notice with quarterly public TV and radio fund drives. In those case all you see or hear is the fund drive notice for minutes at a time, but with our message all the content is still there all the time. The only alternative to this kind of thing is to; We will probably need to buy $35,000 of new servers this quarter (1 July to 30 September) alone just to keep up with projected demand (our traffic is growing at an average rate of 90% compounded quarterly). So shame on you for complaining. Or do you have about $20,000 to bring our budget in line? Thought so. --mav 05:25, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, the alternative to this is Google Ads, because MediaWiki really needs the money. The servers have been really slow lately so we need more servers, and it is unfair to expect Bomis to pay.  You may be interested in the disscussion of Google Ads here.Jeff8765 20:26, Jul 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * See...I'd perfer Google ads. Ilyanep (Talk) 23:58, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I have to admit that Google ads, do have their merits, according to Jimbo we could expect to get over $300,000 a month with Google ads, far more than we would ever get from donations, I am just worried that the project might fork if we get outside ads of any sort, like the Spanish Wikipedia did a few years back.
 * accept advertisements, and thus risk multiple forks,
 * close-up shop since there is no way we can keep up with demand
 * Google Ads are OK if they are opt-in only.   — Chameleon My page/My talk 05:38, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes that might be a good idea, additionally to or instead of donating money one could voluntarily choose to have Google ads in the left sidebar. In that case it might be not anymore necessary to put the 'donate' notice on top of all pages for all users. Donar Reiskoffer 06:35, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * But by entering into a business contract to provide services, wikipedia would stop being a volunteer project and become a business. For many, including me, that is not acceptable. If there was a fork to a non-ad version, I would go there. Zocky 00:39, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I hope that "open source" does not become a new business plan --ganesh 18:00, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I understand Wikipedia's situation and I am glad these efforts are taking place because they are necessary and this project is necessary for many people. I would also recommend that the Donations in the sidebar be RED or DARKER BLUE so people notice it more easily even without fund drives. --Exigentsky

And this is how they treat those who want to donate money!
(moved to User talk:Drbalaji md)

Writing Style/Spelling
Offtopic discussion moved to Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style.

Table color stuff
Lysine was complaining in IRC about tables which set the background color but not the font color (which resulted in one case with white on white, depending on browser prefrences), so I inserted several style="color:black;" and equivalent. - Fennec (はさばくのきつね) 19:50, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Editing Redirects
Some people don't seem to know this so I'll post it here--if you want to edit a redirect, go to any page and click the edit this page button. Then, for instance, look at the web address: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Triangle&action=edit

Replace the title= with the redirect you want to change, say: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Triangles&action=edit and press Enter on your keyboard. You'll be taken to the redirect's edit page. This is a clever tip they don't teach you in school.--naryathegreat 22:06, Jul 17, 2004 (UTC)

Why would you want to do something as convolute as that? Simply type the name of the redirect. Then click on the "Redirected from" link under the title of the article you reach, and you go to the actual page that you can change through edit. Aris Katsaris 01:10, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Hmmm. That has its merits. Never thought of that one before. Thanks--naryathegreat 01:50, Jul 18, 2004 (UTC)\

LOL! THere's the wrong way, the right way and the eccentric way :) --Exigentsky

The image accompanying the Christianity article
All I see is a black box with no image in it. When I click on where the image should be, it takes me to a large IKHTHUS image, which I assume is what we're supposed to be seeing. Am I the only one having this problem? RickK 19:55, Jul 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Knowing you're using IE, I went to have a look, and the problem indeed seems to be IE's bad PNG transparency support. I'm going to try to fix the image so it doesn't use transparency.  — Chameleon My page/My talk 22:03, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * It is now fixed. However, the thumbnail on the front page still seems to be derived from the old image, despite my reloading.  What was wrong with the cross, anyway?  — Chameleon My page/My talk 22:15, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

TYPO ON THE FRONT PAGE!
The Henson article on the front page .. "most important puppeteer in relevision history" - looks really bad for Wikipedia if we cant notice typos on our face to the world. Palnu 03:58, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC) Ah saw that someone fixed it. Palnu 04:02, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * You could have fixed it yourself. The main page is editable by any user who knows how. Read Editing the main page. Guanaco 04:09, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Thank you, didnt know that one. Palnu 04:22, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Browse by category
"Browse by category" should replace "Browse Wikipedia by topic" on the main page. This would make it much easier to browse Wikipedia. Den fjättrade ankan 22:51, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Only for those articles which are associated with Categories. RickK 22:53, Jul 20, 2004 (UTC)

 * Change the other articles to corresponding Catregories then, and add new Categories. That's what we have done on Swedish Wikipedia. Den fjättrade ankan 23:36, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I am the creator of "Browse by category". I originally created it because I was unhappy with the state of Category:Main page. But for the English Wikipedia, there is still not enough category structure yet for it to completly replace the topics. For example there is no Category:State yet. However, I have created a concept Main Page to demonstrate what that main page would be like if categories replaced topics. I am using it to find weaknesses in the category system and to fix them. Krik 10:31, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * In other words, the 13 sub-categories in Category:main page need to bump up to over 70 sub-categories in alphabetical order, and probably there also needs to be a tree hierarchy as well? Then the 70-odd major articles need a systematic review to ensure that the sub-categories cover them? What else can we help out on? Ancheta Wis 00:32, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Why no bolded Donation button?
Wikipedia costs money and it needs money. It receives hundreds of thousands of visitors daily and they need to be aware that while Wikipedia is free, maintaining and improving it is very expensive.

I suggest an unintrusive bolded donation button, perhaps using a slightly darker blue color as well. It is simple, elegant and fits right in with the design since it is the last button in the navigation panel. At the same time it does attract more attention initially. --Exigentsky
 * Highlighting that link would be nice. How about changing its color, as exigentsky suggested below?  +sj +  21:09, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

"Today's featured article"
Hasn't "Today's featured article" been changing more than once a day lately? Not that I've been tracking it closely, but that's been my subliminal impression... -- Jmabel 20:36, Jul 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * A certain troublesome user (Let's call him "nthony iPierro") started an edit war on template:feature - for which he was banned for 24 hours. If you were here while it was happening, you might have noticed. →Raul654 20:58, Jul 21, 2004 (UTC)

Sister project images link to images, not sister projects...
The sister project images link to the images, not the sister projects. This is poor usability. If you don't believe me, take a look at your logs. I bet you'll see alot of people click the image, then the back button, and then the text link. I would have changed the template but I couldn't wrap my head around the wiki markup enough to do it. Please, someone change it.

Thanks! -Jeff

 * The images now redirect to the projects. Angela. 10:41, Jul 24, 2004 (UTC)

reese's peanutbutter cups
Brilliant, an unwikified article on the front page!!!. No country either, so must be American. I'd remove it, but I don't know how. jimfbleak 05:44, 25 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * now I know - Jim
 * I think it's healthy to use the DYK section to promote articles of varying degrees of wikification. It's the new section, after all.

 * IMHO, it's not all about impressing frosh/strangers, it's about enticing sophomores to participate in the wikisystem. That was my angle at least. It was a solid article that just needed a basic runthrough. It could have been a fun project for someone.

 * As for the "no country," I honestly didn't realize Reese's Peanut Butter Cups weren't marketed internationally--my Amerocentric bad. jengod 01:01, Jul 27, 2004 (UTC)

 * Incidentally, what's with the "my bad"? "Bad" is an adjective; "my bad" doesn't make sense.  I've seen a lot of Americans writing this online.  Is there some TV show where an immigrant character says "my bad" and so it's become a common catchphrase?    — Chameleon Main/Talk/Images 09:59, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I did a web search and found that its origins are among black players of informal basketball games, who would say "My bad" as a quick way of apologizing if they made a mistake. "Bad" here is used as a noun.   (Maybe this needs a Wikipedia article!) - Brian Kendig 13:10, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * It also became really popular in Californa after the movie Clueless used the phrase several times. - DropDeadGorgias (talk) 17:39, Jul 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * It's a contraction of ... "am I bad" H2O 02:39, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Let's change the main page
Hi, I suggest changing the main page graphic design. I'm not a webmaster, and my design contains a lot of technical errors, but I want you to take a look at it and think about it. Actually, it's in Polish, but I think it's pretty obvious, and if not, I can easily prepare an English version. Of course, someone else may do it instead :). You can see my project at main page new layout Agni (Polish Wikipedia)
 * I made a English version of it. You can see it here. It uses in the news instead of featured pictures. I like the layout more because it gives topics more priority, instead of hiding them in the middle. User:Krik 23:53, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Ok, fine, but what I meant was actually the colors and design, not the text (although yeah, maybe also that). I somehow do not fancy these bright colors. Agni

Typo in "Did you know"
... members of their respectives parties ... - Brian Kendig 04:28, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Fixed at Template:Did you know Dori | Talk 04:35, Jul 28, 2004 (UTC)

Typo on Main Page
female line of "descend" from a woman - shouldn't this be "descent"? H2O 18:25, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Fixed. →Raul654 18:29, Jul 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * In the future, you can Be Bold and edit it yourself. For instructions see: Editing the main page. - DropDeadGorgias (talk) 18:32, Jul 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * Did not know this. Thought you had to be an admin/sysop, which I am not. H2O 02:31, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Mitochondrial eve picture
The picture has been vandalized, showing a closeup of her breast. Not sure if this can be fixed easily. (It's not possible to revert a picture, is it?) Ksheka 00:02, Jul 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * It is possible, it's just not working with regards to that image for some reason. Fixed the hard way, and the vandal, User:OutsourcingRaul, has been blocked. -- Cyrius|✎ 00:27, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

How can I fix the Radar picture? It shows Radar O'Reilly!

 * Fixed now; thanks for catching that (was an act of vandalism). If the wrong image still displays, just clear your cache. Cheers, -- Hadal 05:02, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks man. I tried fixing it but I didn't know how.

 * Ah, it's a shame. I thought it was wonderful and very funny that it had the Radar O'Reilly photo. --Mistertim 05:08, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Funny, but certainly not wonderful. As the user responsible seems to be the same one behind the Mitochondrial Eve breast spoof, I've blocked him for an indefinite period. -- Hadal 05:11, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Sook Ching Massacre
The Sook Ching Massacre was in 1942, not 1947 as written on the main page. 1947 was the time of the war crime tribunal investigating the massacre.

Kelvinc 20:23, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I've fixed this. In the future you should Be bold in updating pages.  The template you were looking for was Template:Did you know. - DropDeadGorgias (talk) 20:38, Jul 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks DDG. I didn't know there were ways of editing that information, being a newbie and all.  ;)
 * Kelvinc 13:55, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Hmm...
Shouldn't this page really be at Main page, in accordance with the manual of style? Right now, Main page is a redirect, while Main Page is the real article. The capitalized 'p' doesn't make sense, especially in the context of the other articles on WP. Also, this maybe the first comment on this talk page actually about this page (and not about a template)... - DropDeadGorgias (talk) 20:42, Jul 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * The Manual of Style is capitalised in the same way as this page, and I don't think that has to apply to non-articles anyway. It always surprised me the village pump wasn't like this too. Angela. 01:35, Jul 30, 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmm, Manual of Style is more like the title of a book, and so it makes sense that it's capitalized. However, look at Requests for adminship, Requests for comment, Help desk, Reference desk, Featured articles, Selected anniversaries and almost everything else.  I thought we would want to discourage over-capitalization.  However, I kind of get the feeling that the Main Page is coded down somewhere deep in mediawiki, so this probably can't be changed...- DropDeadGorgias (talk) 13:54, Jul 30, 2004 (UTC)

 * See MediaWiki:mainpage. It is capitalized only due to the fact that it always has. --mav 22:20, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Khmer and Cherokee
On the main page; wikipedia in other languages section, I get the series of squares for the languages Khmer and Cherokee. I use Opera 7.53 with encoding set to automatic. The same is visible in IE6 (SP1). It seems to me that there is no script for these languages. Hope this glitch can be rectified. ¶ nichalp | [[User talk:nichalp| Talk ]] 18:48, Jul 31, 2004 (UTC)
 * You need the correct fonts to view them properly. Install these fonts and it should work. (Khmer and Cherokee) User:Krik 21:59, 31 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Featured article change?
Why was the featured article changed from "Gender role" to "typewriter"? I came soon after midnight (the start of July 31st) and it was the former, but then later in the day I visited again and it was different. I was just curious about why/when this can happen.

 * It seems there's a neutrality dispute at gender role (see talk:gender role), and Krik thought it would be best to swap with an undisputed article (with text that isn't being reverted or changed radically). -- Hadal 06:10, 1 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Main Page/Archive 23


text:
User:Jfdwolff/Braglist

Medical

 * Anatomy, physiology and pathology - Autosomal recessive (merged with Dominance (genetics)), Calcium metabolism, Chromosomal translocation, Eicosanoid, Epitope, Gastric acid, Glomerular hyperfiltration (T), Kinin–kallikrein system, Mediastinum, Mevalonate pathway, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, Prenylation, Recurrent laryngeal nerve, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Thrombophilia (T, good article since 29 March 2011), Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vasculitis (T), Vibrio vulnificus, Weibel-Palade body
 * Biography - Abraham Flexner, Allan Ropper (T), Augustin Jacob Landré-Beauvais, Akira Endo, Alfred G. Knudson, Andrew Goddard (T), Arnold Gesell, Aulus Cornelius Celsus, [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]][[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Barend Joseph Stokvis (T, got onto DYK, good article since 10 January 2013), Charles Symonds, Donald S. Fredrickson, Edwin Bickerstaff (T), Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge, [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Frederic Bartter (got onto DYK), [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Fuller Albright (got onto DYK), Gerald Reaven, Gordon Zubrod, Harold Percival Himsworth, Henry Gawen Sutton, Ian Gilmore, Jacobus Schroeder van der Kolk (T), James B. Herrick, Jane Dacre (T), Karl Paul Link, [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Kimishige Ishizaka (got onto DYK), Maxwell Wintrobe, Otto Kahler, Paul Morawitz, Peter Rubin (T), Regnier de Graaf, Richard Thompson (physician) (T), Rudolf Schindler, Russell Brain, Samuel Shem, Solomon Berson, Thomas Bevill Peacock (T), Thomas Wharton (anatomist), Victor A. McKusick, Vincenz Czerny, William Dameshek, William Marsden (surgeon)
 * Diagnostic signs - Horner's syndrome, Jugular venous pressure, Meningism (T), Nail clubbing, Todd's paresis, Vaginal bleeding, Virchow's node (T)
 * Diagnostic tests - Anti-citrullinated protein antibody, Blood culture, CA19-9, Cardiotocography, D-dimer, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, Frozen section procedure, Mini-mental state examination, Neurological examination, Partial thromboplastin time, Philadelphia chromosome, Renal function, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Thyroid function tests, Titer
 * Diseases - Achlorhydria, Acute kidney injury, Allergic conjunctivitis, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (T), Angiodysplasia, Angioedema (T), Caustic ingestion (T), Central core disease, Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome, [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Cerebral vasculitis (got onto DYK), [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Cholesterol embolism (got onto DYK), Chronic granulomatous disease, Chronic kidney disease (T), Combined hyperlipidemia, Deep vein thrombosis (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Familial hypercholesterolemia (T / good article since 15 May 2008), Familial Mediterranean fever, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gleich's syndrome, Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (T), Haff disease, Hemolytic anemia (T), Hemolytic–uremic syndrome (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Henoch–Schönlein purpura (T / good article since 7 April 2008), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (T, good article since 1 January 2010), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (T, good article since 9 September 2010), Heyde's syndrome, Hypertriglyceridemia, Hypercholesterolemia, Hyper-IgD syndrome, Hyperkalemia (T), Hypocholesterolemia, Hypoparathyroidism, IgA nephropathy, IgG4-related disease (T), Incidentaloma, MALT lymphoma, Myeloproliferative neoplasm, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Pericarditis, Paraneoplastic syndrome, Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (T), Pendred syndrome, Peripheral artery disease (T), POEMS syndrome, Pyelonephritis, Retroperitoneal fibrosis, Spinal cord compression, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (T), Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (T, started as an anon), Thymoma, [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]][[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]][[Image:Cscr-featured.svg|20px]][[Image:Four Award.svg|20px]] Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (T, got onto DYK, good article since 22 November 2010, featured article since 4 January 2011, WP:FOUR awarded 4 January 2011), Traveller's thrombosis, Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (T), Tumor lysis syndrome, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Vertebral artery dissection (T, good article since 7 January 2011), Vestibular schwannoma, Winchester syndrome, Whipple's disease (T)
 * Drugs - Amphotericin B, Apixaban, Atosiban, Benzodiazepine, Bisphosphonate, Conivaptan, Clomifene, Cyproterone, Cytarabine, Dabigatran, Direct thrombin inhibitor, Dronedarone, Ecallantide, Eltrombopag, Etanercept, Evacetrapib (T), Fenofibrate, Finasteride (T), Imatinib, Ivabradine, Low molecular weight heparin, Metformin, Nephrotoxicity, Nifedipine, Nimodipine, Nystatin, Rivaroxaban, Statins (Atorvastatin (T), Cerivastatin, Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Pitavastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin), Selective estrogen receptor modulator, Simvastatin), Sulfonylurea, Thiazolidinediones (Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone, Troglitazone), Vincristine, Ximelagatran
 * Enzymes, hormones, mediators etc. - 5-alpha reductase, ADAMTS13, Adipokine, Alpha-1 antitrypsin (T), Alpha 2-antiplasmin, Amyloid beta, Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, Antithrombin, C1-inhibitor, Cancer procoagulant, Cholesterylester transfer protein, CLEC5A, Elastase, Factor V, Factor VII, Factor IX, Factor X, Factor XI, Factor XIII, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, High-molecular-weight kininogen, Insulin receptor, Matrix gla protein, Myeloperoxidase, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, Plasmin, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, Protease inhibitor (biology), Protein C, Protein Z, Protein Z-related protease inhibitor, Proteinase 3, Ryanodine receptor, Serine protease, Serpin, Tau protein, Thiopurine methyltransferase, Thrombopoietin, Thymidine kinase, Thyroid peroxidase, Tissue transglutaminase, Vitamin K epoxide reductase, Von Willebrand factor
 * Procedures and treatments - Arterial catheter (T), Advanced Life Support, Ann Arbor staging, Body surface area, Carotid endarterectomy, Child-Pugh score, Coronary care unit, Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (T), Hickman line, Kidney transplantation, LDL apheresis, [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Liver biopsy (was redirect, got onto DYK), Nissen fundoplication, Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (T), Parathyroidectomy (T), Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, Performance status, Perioperative mortality, Peripherally inserted central catheter, Port (medical), Seldinger technique, Sengstaken-Blakemore tube, Syringe driver, Thrombolysis, Venous access (T)
 * Research methodology and studies - British Doctors Study, Knudson hypothesis, National Cholesterol Education Program, Number needed to treat, Surrogate endpoint
 * Other medical concepts - Alcohol Health Alliance UK, American College of Rheumatology, European Federation of Neurological Societies, International Association for the Study of Pain, International Society of Nephrology, International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (T), Interventional cardiology, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, List of people with Guillain–Barré syndrome (T), Milton Keynes Hospital, Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde, Obstetric medicine (T), Prognosis, Pulmonology, Renal Association, Royal Free Hospital, Senior house officer, Servier, The House of God, Thrifty gene hypothesis

Judaism
Abraham Carel Wertheim (T), Baruch Epstein, Beth din, Beth midrash, Chofetz Chaim, Chaim Joseph David Azulai, Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler, Immanuel Jakobovits, Isidor Grunfeld (T), Israel Meir Kagan (T), Jewish education, Lord George Gordon, Meir Simcha of Dvinsk, Mesillat Yesharim, Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin, Shidduch, Shimon Schwab, Shlomo Ephraim Luntschitz, Simcha Bunim of Peshischa, Solomon Breuer, Torah im Derech Eretz, Tu B'Av, Tzeniut, Yechiel Michel Epstein.

Music
Eumir Deodato, Matt Bianco, Vangelis albums (1492: Conquest of Paradise (album), Albedo 0.39, China (album), Direct (Vangelis album), Earth (album), Heaven and Hell (Vangelis album), Opera Sauvage, Mask (Vangelis album), See You Later, Spiral, The City (Vangelis album)).

Others
Criminalization, Ferdinand Bordewijk, Galega officinalis, Y-chromosomal Aaron, Dor Yeshorim, Midnight Run, Jacob Israël de Haan, PSE meat, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden

Medical

 * Anatomy, physiology and pathology - Acute phase protein, Appetite, Autoimmune disease, Blood (T), Blood type, Blood vessel, Cholesterol (T), Coagulation (T), Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (T), Dutch hypothesis (T), Electrolyte, Glucagon, Incretin (T), Intracranial pressure, Lupus anticoagulant, Mast cell, Muscle, Norovirus (T), Parvovirus B19 (T), Platelet, Porphyrin, Prostaglandin, Respiratory failure (T), Starling equation (T), Strongyloides stercoralis, Supertaster, Thyroid, Tumor necrosis factor, Vasopressin (T), Vibrio, Visfatin
 * Biography - Allen Steere (T), Anita Harding, Beverley Hunt (T), [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Derek Denny-Brown (doctor) (got onto DYK), Hartog Jacob Hamburger (T, got onto DYK), Heinrich Quincke, Leslie Turnberg, Baron Turnberg, Mary Broadfoot Walker, Miller Fisher (T), Robin Coombs, Simon Wessely (T), Stephen Christmas, Willem Johan Kolff
 * Diagnostic signs - Ascites (Talk), Headache (T), Hematuria (T), Itch, Kayser–Fleischer ring, Mees' lines, Pain (T), Rigler's triad (T), Thunderclap headache (T), Vomiting (T)
 * Diagnostic tests - Brain biopsy (T), C-reactive protein, CSF tap test (T), CT pulmonary angiogram, Des-gamma carboxyprothrombin, E/A ratio (T), Early warning score (T), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, House–Brackmann score (T), Iodinated contrast (T), Kveim test, Lipid profile (T), Lumbar puncture, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, Picture archiving and communication system, Prothrombin time, Renal biopsy, Rapid Shallow Breathing Index, Sphygmomanometer, Troponin, X-ray computed tomography (T), Vital signs (T)
 * Diseases - Achalasia (T), Acute coronary syndrome, Acute myeloid leukemia (T), Acute liver failure, Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis (T), Acute severe asthma (T), Addison's disease, Alcoholic hepatitis, [[Image:Symbol question.svg|20px]] Alkaptonuria (got onto DYK), Allergy, Alternating hemiplegia of childhood, Anaphylaxis (T), Anemia, Antiphospholipid syndrome, Aortic dissection (T), Aplastic anemia, Arthritis, Asbestosis, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Ascending cholangitis (T / good article since 03 July 2008), Asthma (T), Atrial fibrillation, AV nodal reentrant tachycardia, Botulism (T), Bowel obstruction, Cancer (T), Cancer of unknown primary origin (T), Carcinoma, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (T / good article since 17 April 2008), Chronic fatigue syndrome (T, Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (T), Churg–Strauss syndrome, Cirrhosis (T), [[Image:Cscr-featured.svg|20px]] Coeliac disease (T / featured since 26 March 2007), Colorectal cancer, Constipation, Contrast-induced nephropathy (T), Coturnism (T), CREST syndrome (T), Delirium (T), [[Image:Cscr-featured.svg|20px]] Dengue fever (T / featured since 6 July 2011), Diabetic cardiomyopathy (T), Diabetes insipidus, Diabetes (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Diabetic ketoacidosis (T / good article since 4 August 2009), Diabetic neuropathy (T)), Disseminated intravascular coagulation, Dysautonomia (T), Dyspepsia, Encephalitis (T), Eosinophilic esophagitis (T), Esophageal cancer (T), Esophageal food bolus obstruction (T), Familial adenomatous polyposis, Febrile neutropenia, Friedreich's ataxia (T), Gastrointestinal bleeding, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Gaucher's disease, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Guillain–Barré syndrome (T / good article since 12 July 2015), Head and neck cancer (T), Heart failure (T), HELLP syndrome (T), Hemarthrosis, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Hepatic encephalopathy (T/ good article since 13 April 2010), Hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Hepatitis, Hepatitis C, Herpes zoster, Hypereosinophilic syndrome, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Hypopituitarism (T / good article since 18 August 2008), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Hypothyroidism (T / good article since 27 January 2014), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (T / good article since 18 November 2008), Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (T), Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (T), Internal medicine (T), Iron-deficiency anemia (T), Iron overload, Ischaemic heart disease, Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (T), Klippel–Trénaunay–Weber syndrome (T), Lactic acidosis (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (T/ good article since 23 March 2011), Leopard syndrome, Liver disease (T), Liver failure, Long QT syndrome (T), Lung cancer (T), Macrophage activation syndrome (T), Macular degeneration, Malignant hyperthermia, Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, Mastocytosis, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]][[Image:Cscr-featured.svg|20px]] Meningitis (T / featured since 9 March 2009), Metabolic syndrome (T), Middle back pain (T), Motor neurone disease, Multiple myeloma (T), Multiple sclerosis (T), Myasthenia gravis (T), Myocardial infarction (T), Myocarditis, Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (T), Neuromyelitis optica (T), Neurosarcoidosis, Neutropenia, Obesity (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (T / good article since 19 December 2008), Ogilvie syndrome, Orthostatic hypotension (T), Osteoporosis (T), Pancreatic cancer, Parkinson's disease, Percutaneous aortic valve replacement (T), Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, Peripartum cardiomyopathy, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Pituitary apoplexy (T, good article since 10 October 2011), Pleural empyema (T), Pneumonia (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Pneumothorax (T / good article since 21 August 2010), Polycythemia, Porphyria, Post-vaccination embolic and thrombotic events (T), Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (T), Post-polio syndrome (T), Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, Premature ventricular contraction (T), Primary immunodeficiency (T), Primary sclerosing cholangitis, Progressive supranuclear palsy, Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (T), Psoriasis (T), Pulmonary edema, Pulmonary embolism (T), Pulmonary hypertension, Pulseless electrical activity (Talk), Pyroluria, Purpura fulminans, Relapsing polychondritis (Talk:Relapsing polychondritis|T]], Renal artery stenosis, Renal failure, Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (T), Reye syndrome, [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]][[Image:Cscr-featured.svg|20px]] Rhabdomyolysis (T / good article since 24 February 2008, featured since 10 June 2011), Rheumatoid arthritis, Scleroderma, Sepsis (T), Shock (circulatory) (T), Short bowel syndrome, Shy-Drager syndrome, Sickle-cell disease (T), Skin and skin structure infection (T), Stress hyperglycemia (T), Stroke (T), Strongyloidiasis (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]][[Image:Cscr-featured.svg|20px]] Subarachnoid hemorrhage (T / featured since 10 July 2008), Succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA transferase deficiency (T), Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (T), Systemic lupus erythematosus (T), Systemic scleroderma (T), Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (T), Terson syndrome, Thrombocytosis, Thrombosis, Thyroid hormone resistance, Thyroid storm (T), Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (T), Valvular heart disease, Venous thrombosis (Talk:Venous thrombosis), Von Hippel-Lindau disease, Von Willebrand disease, Weissenbacher-Zweymüller syndrome, Wernicke's encephalopathy (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Wilson's disease (T / good article since 5 June 2008), Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, Yellow nail syndrome (T)
 * Drugs - 3,4-Diaminopyridine (T), Analgesic, Amiodarone, ApoA-1 Milano, Aprotinin, Atropine, Bezafibrate, Bumetanide, Ceftiofur, Chemotherapy, Colchicine, Danazol (T), Dantrolene (T), Demeclocycline, Desiccated thyroid extract, Dexamethasone, Doxapram, Duloxetine, Eflornithine, Hydroxyurea, Icatibant, Ifosfamide (T),Infliximab, Lenalidomide, Levosimendan, Midodrine, Nitisinone, Nivolumab, Phosphate binder (T), Sibutramine, Sildenafil, Statin (T), Tirapazamine, Torcetrapib, Varenicline (T), [[Image:Symbol support vote.svg|20px]] Warfarin (T, good article since 21 January 2009)
 * Enzymes, hormones, mediators etc. - Amylase, Creatine kinase, Cyclooxygenase, Gastrin, Glucocorticoid, Heme, Histamine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Transglutaminase, Transketolase, Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase
 * Procedures and treatments - Ablation of atrial fibrillation (T), Bonanno catheter, Breast implant, Heated humidified high-flow therapy (T), Mechanical ventilation (T), Non-invasive ventilation (T), Paracentesis (T), Partial ileal bypass surgery, Percutaneous coronary intervention (T), Platelet transfusion refractoriness (T), Radiocontrast agent
 * Research methodology and studies - Medical Research Council (UK), Systematic review
 * Other medical concepts - Acute medicine, American Academy of Dermatology, Circulation (journal), Clinical Medicine, Coffee and health, Dermatology (T), Disease mongering, Doctors' mess, General Medical Council (T), Hospital medicine (T), Infection, International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (T), Jerini, Medicine, Nephrology, Oncology, Patient safety (T), Royal College of Physicians (T), SBAR (T), Surviving Sepsis Campaign (T), Syndrome (T)

Judaism
Abraham Bing, Agunah, Binyamin Shlomo Hamburger (T), Chevra kadisha, Corporal punishment (Judaism), Gematria, Geneivat da'at (T), Ipuwer Papyrus, Jewish prayer services, Josef Hirsch Dunner (T), Joseph Breuer, Judah Loew ben Bezalel, Kashrut, Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Plagues of Egypt, Purim, Ritual Decalogue (T), Rogatchover Gaon, Samson Raphael Hirsch, Shabbat, Shulchan Aruch, Satmar (Hasidic dynasty), Seligman Baer Bamberger, Semikhah (T), Sefer Hasidim (T), Seven Laws of Noah, Tachanun, Talmud (T), Ten Commandments (T), Vilna Gaon, Yair Bacharach, Yechezkel Landau, Yehoshua Neuwirth (T)

Music

 * Down to the Bone (band)

Others
Institutional memory, Norman Pearlstine, Prayer, Richard Bolt

Images
This is a non-exhaustive list of images I have contributed.

File:Ravschwab1.png

WikiProjects
WikiProjects in which I participate:
 * Gastroenterology (talk)
 * History of science (talk)
 * Judaism (talk)
 * Medicine (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Article rating (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Assessment (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Collaboration of the Month (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Collaboration of the Week/History (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Collaboration of the Month/Expired nominations (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Collaboration of the Month/Successful nominations (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Featured articles review (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Participants (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Translation Task Force (talk)
 * Reliable sources (medicine-related articles) (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Stub sorting (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Neurology task force (talk)
 * Requested articles/Applied arts and sciences/Medicine (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Missing Article Trophy (talk)
 * WikiProject Medicine/Editor outreach/UK 2012 (talk)
 * WikiProject_Medicine/Editor outreach (talk)
 * Plain and simple guide for medical editors (talk)
 * Template:Infobox disease (talk)
 * Molecular and Cellular Biology (talk)
 * National Health Service (talk)
 * Nephrology (talk)
 * Pathology (talk)
 * Pharmacology (talk)
 * WikiProject Pharmacology/Collaboration of the Week (talk)
 * Physiology (talk)
 * Identifying reliable sources (medicine) (talk)
 * Template:MCOTWannounce (talk)
 * WikiProject Deletion sorting/Medicine (talk)
 * Pages needing attention/Medicine (talk)
 * The Wikipedia Library (talk)

Good/featured article candidacy
My input into GA/FA candidate articles:
 * FAC (talk)
 * Featured article candidates/Serpin/archive1 (comments left)
 * Featured article candidates/Sexuality after spinal cord injury/archive1 (comments left)
 * Featured article candidates/Pancreatic cancer/archive1 (will comment)
 * Featured article candidates/Amphetamine/archive5 (comments left)
 * Featured article candidates/Endometrial cancer/archive1 (comments left)
 * Featured article candidates/Pneumothorax/archive1 (self-nom, failed)
 * Featured article candidates/Dengue fever/archive1 (self-nom, promoted)
 * Featured article candidates/Rhabdomyolysis/archive1 (self-nom, promoted)
 * Featured article candidates/Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis/archive1 (self-nom, promoted)
 * Featured article candidates/Meningitis (self-nom, promoted)
 * Featured article candidates/Coeliac disease (self-nom, promoted)
 * Featured article candidates/Subarachnoid hemorrhage (self-nom, promoted)
 * Featured article candidates/Linezolid/archive1 (comments left)
 * Featured article candidates/Hepatorenal syndrome/archive1 (comments left)
 * Featured article candidates/Parkinson's disease/archive2 (comments left)
 * GAC (talk)
 * Blood donation (talk, GA1 - review started 01/06/2008 - failed 13/06/2008
 * Post-traumatic epilepsy (talk), GA1 - review started 25/07/2008 - promoted 02/08/2008
 * Huntington's disease (talk), Talk:Huntington's disease/GA1 - review started 10/08/2008 - failed 28/08/2008 - GA2 and GA3
 * History of malaria (Talk:History of malaria), GA1 - review started 18/01/2009, passed appropriately by other editor
 * Dengue fever (talk), GA1 - review started 22/12/2010
 * Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies (talk), GA1 - review started 10/02/2011
 * Azathioprine (talk), GA1 - review started 31/08/2012
 * Barend Joseph Stokvis (GA1. PR) - promoted 10/01/2013
 * Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Talk), GA1 - review started 25/11/2013, promoted 09/12/2013
 * Hypothyroidism (Talk), GA1 - submitted for review 07/012014
 * Epilepsy (Talk), GA1 - review started 07/01/2014, promoted 26/01/2014
 * Psoriasis (Talk) GA1 - review started 24/02/2014, promoted 17/03/2014
 * Peer review
 * Hepatic encephalopathy
 * Tracheal intubation (talk)
 * Rhabdomyolysis
 * Barend Joseph Stokvis

title: User:Jfdwolff/Braglist


text:
Norbert Brainin

Norbert Brainin, OBE (12 March 1923 in Vienna – 10 April 2005 in London) was the first violinist of the Amadeus Quartet, one of the world's most highly regarded string quartets.

Because of Brainin's Jewish origin, he was driven out of Vienna after Hitler's Anschluss of 1938, as were Amadeus violinist Siegmund Nissel and violist Peter Schidlof. Brainin and Schidlof met in a British internment camp. Like many Jewish refugees, they had the misfortune of being confined by the British as "enemy aliens" after reaching the UK. Brainin was released after a few months, but Schidlof remained in the camp, where he met Nissel. Finally Schidlof and Nissel were released, and the three were able to study with violin pedagogue Max Rostal, who taught them free of charge. Brainin won the 1946 Carl Flesch International Violin Competition, which Rostal co-founded.

It was through Rostal that they met cellist Martin Lovett, and in 1947 they formed the Brainin Quartet, which was renamed the Amadeus Quartet in 1948. They became one of the most celebrated quartets of the 20th century; its members were awarded numerous honours, including:

 * Officer of the Order of the British Empire, presented by the Queen (1960)
 * Doctorates from the Universities of London, York, and Caracas
 * The highest of all German awards, the Grand Cross of Merit
 * The Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art (1974)

The quartet disbanded in 1987 on the death of Schidlof, whom the surviving members considered irreplaceable. Brainin continued to perform as a soloist, often with pianists Günter Ludwig and Maureen Jones. In 1992, he performed a benefit concert in Washington, D.C. for then-jailed presidential candidate Lyndon LaRouche.

His instruments included the "Rode" Guarnerius del Gesu of 1734, the "Chaconne" Stradivarius of 1725 and the "Gibson" Stradivarius of 1713.

title: Norbert Brainin


text:
Ammonal

Ammonal is an explosive made up of ammonium nitrate and aluminium powder, not to be confused with T-ammonal which contains trinitrotoluene as well to increase properties such as brisance. The mixture is often referred to as Tannerite, which is a brand of ammonal.

The ammonium nitrate functions as an oxidizer and the aluminium as fuel. The use of the relatively cheap ammonium nitrate and aluminium makes it a replacement for pure TNT.

The mixture is affected by humidity because ammonium nitrate is highly hygroscopic. Ammonal's ease of detonation depends on fuel and oxidizer ratios, 95:5 ammonium nitrate and aluminum being fairly sensitive, however not very oxygen balanced. Even copper metal traces are known to sensitize bulk amounts of ammonium nitrate and further increase danger of spontaneous detonation during a fire, most likely due to the formation of tetramines. More oxygen balanced mixtures are not easily detonated, requiring a fairly substantial shock, though it remains more sensitive than trinitrotoluene and C-4.

The detonation velocity of ammonal is approximately 4,400 m/s.

History
From early 1916, the British Army employed ammonal for their mines during World War I, starting with the Hawthorn Ridge mine during the Battle of the Somme, and reaching a zenith in the mines in the Battle of Messines which were exploded on 7 June 1917 at the start of the Third Battle of Ypres (also known as the Battle of Passchendaele). Several of the mines in the Battle of Messines contained 30,000 lbs (over 13.6 tonnes) of ammonal, and others contained 20,000 lbs (over 9 tonnes). The joint explosion of the ammonal mines beneath the German lines at Messines created 19 large craters, killing 10,000 German soldiers in one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in history. Not all of the mines laid by the British Army at Messines were detonated, however. Two mines were not ignited in 1917 because they had been abandoned before the battle, and four were outside the area of the offensive. On 17 July 1955, a lightning strike set off one of these four latter mines. There were no human casualties, but one cow was killed. Another of the unused mines is believed to have been found in a location beneath a farmhouse, but no attempt has been made to remove it.

Ammonal used for military mining purposes was generally contained within metal cans or rubberised bags to prevent moisture ingress problems. The composition of ammonal used at Messines was 65% ammonium nitrate, 17% aluminium, 15% trinitrotoluene (TNT), and 3% charcoal. Ammonal remains in use as an industrial explosive. Typically, it is used for quarrying or mining purposes.

ETA, a Basque separatist organisation, used 250 kg of ammonal in a car bomb in its attack on the Zaragoza barracks on 11 December 1987 in Zaragoza, Spain.

Proportions
A T-ammonal mixture previously used in hand grenades and shells has the proportions (by mass):
 * ammonium nitrate 58.6%
 * aluminium powder 21%
 * charcoal 2.4%
 * TNT 18%

title: Ammonal


text:
Talk:History of dance

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 15 January 2021 and 14 April 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Mbour181. Peer reviewers: Prich080, Mayaamills, Emmareside, Cclac.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 22:26, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Lexigreer33.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 23:36, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Possible new sources
Here are a few sources that I think would be good to either improve the current information or add some more important details/new sections.

1. Hardt, Y. (2012). Staging the Ethnographic of Dance History: Contemporary Dance and Its Play with Tradition. Dance Research Journal, 43(1), https://doi.org/10.5406/danceresearchj.43.1.0027 2. Antze, R. J. (2014). Dance of India: Culture, Philosophy and Performance. Dance Research Journal, 17(2) https://doi.org/10.1017/S0149767700015503

3. Cottle, T. J. (2016) Social Class and Social Dancing. The Sociological Quaterly, 7(2), 179-196. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1966.tb01687.x

4. Schupp, K. (2018). Dance Competition Culture and Commercial Dance. Journal of Dance Education, 19(2), 58-67, https://doi.org/10.1080/15290824.2018.1437622

5. Harrington, H. (2020). Consumer dance identity: the intersection between competition dance, televised dance shows and social media. Research in Dance Education, 21(2), 167-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/14647893.2020.1798394

6. Mullally, R. (2011). The Carole: A Study of a Medieval Dance. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. The Carole: A Study of a Medieval Dance - Robert Mullally - Google Books

7. Dickason, K. (2020). Ringleaders of Redemption: How Medieval Dance Became Sacred. Oxford University Press. Ringleaders of Redemption: How Medieval Dance Became Sacred - Kathryn Dickason - Google Books

8. Caroso, F., Sutton, J., Walker, M. (1995). Courtly Dance of the Renaissance: A New Translation and Edition of the Nobiltà Di Dame (1600). Courier Corporation. Courtly Dance of the Renaissance: A New Translation and Edition of the ... - Fabritio Caroso, Julia Sutton, F. Marian Walker - Google Books

9. Neville, J. (2008). Dance, Spectacle, and the Body Politick, 1250-1750. Indiana University Press. https://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zToNBu4jnXIC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=early+dance+history&ots=lPIiJyVZsW&sig=9kkkJe5M4DRLTXuursaplo19dqw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=early%20dance%20history&f=false

Mbour181 (talk) 23:50, 7 February 2021 (UTC)

New era of dance
There seem to be no new information about dance past the 1980s. It would be great to add how dance evolved in the 2000s. New platforms where dance can be showcased such as television competition show, social media, music videos, etc. would be interesting to mention Mbour181 (talk) 21:39, 31 January 2021 (UTC)

Which dances in which eras
It would be a great addition to this page to see what were the dances danced in those eras and maybe, people that danced it or composer that did some composition for those dances. I'm asking because I am really not an expert to try to do that kind of work myself. Thank you for an already nice information given. 24.201.116.26

Asian dance history
This article needs coverage of the history of Asian dance forms in addition to the current western coverage. I will request from wikipedians who are familiar in this area to contribute. Arunram 17:27, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)

And yet ballet's not everything...
Unfortunately this article doesn't make clear that there's more to dancing than just ballet and contemporary dancing. I miss - for example - African, Asian and Indian traditional dancing; especially Asian dancing theatre is a wide chapter. And then: No single word about social dancing? - Thetawave

So true... I mean, there are paintings dating back centuries depicting what might have been belly dancing (raqs sharki) which outstrips ballet, certainly, in age. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.222.65.225 (talk) 21:35, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

Pre-history?!
This page presents nothing between pre-history and the 1700s. What about medieval dance and renaissance dance, both of which have Wikipedia pages? Not to mention the Historical Dance Wikipedia page... Greg 05:19, 26 April 2006 (UTC)

Agreed. In Europe there's an important swathe of social, participatory and display dances that should be mentioned: - think about country dancing; ceilidhs; display dances such as morris; courtly dances; european social dances such as waltzes; mazurkas; bourrees; gavotte; tarantella; circle dances from around the world. All these are still being danced today at festivals; social gatherings; and weekly classes.

I agree
I agree with him/her?!

I agree 2 cause theres not enough of the more important stuff and people need easier language to follow —Preceding unsigned comment added by 222.153.175.226 (talk) 08:10, 31 August 2009 (UTC)

Huh, I'm Lost and dumb!?!
I think thay there should be links for childeren and my baby brother to look at attached to this page. I am a 10 year old and use wikipedia often and I can understand the language used because I am over my age in vocab and spelling. Other childeren may not be so fortunate!!!Plus medieval dance would be really cool to study!!

Jessica Birdy Age 8

History of school dance phenomena
I was interested in learning about the history of parties and festivals, specifically with regard to when the modern western practices of slow dancing and grinding developed. I want to know what there was before.

Perhaps Victorian separation of the sexes and taboos against dancing kept slow dancing and grinding out of existence. Also, perhaps the music genres of ballads (associated with slow dancing) and rap and reggaeton (associated with grinding) weren't in existence or prevalent. But it seems improbable to me that slow dancing and grinding are entirely new phenomena in the world. Message me if you know how to help answer my questions.

Whoistheroach 16:13, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, I was also interested in this type of thing. I was just watching a Russian movie from the 70s that showed college age kids at a party dancing much the same way as Americans in that era did. And since most historical movies show more formal dancing at parties and formals, I wonder what this non-formal type of dancing means in society.  I want to read something about it not just formulate my own ideas based on speculation.  So I think that it would be good to have more information in this article about such things. -- Suso (talk) 23:16, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

Integrated/mixed ability dance
See my question here here

Cheers

Matt (talk) 02:16, 18 March 2008 (UTC)

Seriously one-sided
Article shows an almost lunatic obsession with professional dance, such as ballet, to the exclusion of dance as part of normal social life. What becomes of traditional dance as part of life in Africa? What becomes of ballroom dance, which for much of the last 200 years has been the main public recreation which men and women can enjoy together? For a history, this is most unhistoric. Macdonald-ross (talk) 15:43, 28 October 2009 (UTC)

As for dance as part of normal social life in antiquity I just came across an interesting book recently published in Germany: Georg Schwarz, Kulturexperimente im Altertum, Berlin 2010. Instead of dealing with the different dances in the ancient world the author asks what it meant for ancient cultures, religions and bodies that dance was an essential part of daily life (which, according to the author, it was in antiquity). He comes to interesting conclusions making us understand how different ancient bodies and societies were from modern bourgeois ones. I found that approach very inspiring. The author writes very able about what it means to dance; he seems to be a rare mixture of a dancer himself, as well as a scholar. Maybe someone who is able to read German can check whether this new research is of any interest for the Wikipedia article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.95.59.130 (talk) 19:11, 14 October 2010 (UTC)

"how different ancient bodies [...] were from modern bourgeois ones"? The human body hasn't changed noticeably in a few thousand years. Or is he talking about people's individual physical condition? --Thnidu (talk) 22:03, 8 June 2015 (UTC)

What he means is how the living conditions and cultural or religious ideals of different societies shape the human body and its ability to dance well. He links the ancient Jewish and Christian concept of the "purity of the heart" (which was so important for the prophets and the first Christians) with the dancing ability of the human body. He also makes a distinction between nomadic and sedentary societies and their respective approach to property, violence and dance. He argues that in societies in which the ability to dance well is an important factor of prestige and honor, long forgotten or in modern bourgeois societies no longer understood cultural or religious concepts or demands make a lot of sense. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.95.59.132 (talk) 12:59, 29 June 2015 (UTC)

Article evaluation
This article is very well made. There are a lot of details. It has a lot of sources.

Prich080 (talk) — Preceding undated comment added 23:29, 6 February 2021 (UTC)

African History of Dance
Hi all, I just finished writing the section on African Dance so that the template on African Dance could be removed, thus allowing the template to be removed from the Africa page. I think it's alright. One of the main problems, however, that I see with my writing is that I pulled from sources that discuss current African dance; the sources that I pulled from talk about the history of African dances in the context of contemporary dances. I had to write it to focus on the history, which makes the dances sound as if they are not continuing today, which they are. In addition, I believe I have made the African dances sound very alien by the seemingly necessary repetition of words like traditional. I need another editor to review my writing to ensure that these problems do not remain. NANPLover47 (talk) 05:33, 25 November 2021 (UTC)

Writing style here is atrocious
The writing throughout this article is inconsistent with other Wikipedia articles and is full of confusing sentences, usage of "you", incorrect grammer, etc. Deerdreame (talk) 12:56, 24 November 2022 (UTC)

 * that's due to the fact that most of it has been copy-and-pasted from a website called dance minus teacher dot com.
 * this article should be removed, then rewritten with a focus on actual science.
 * --2A01:C23:60F8:C800:689E:F03:911F:260D (talk) 2A01:C23:60F8:C800:689E:F03:911F:260D (talk) 16:43, 20 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of dance


text:
Zinn

Zinn is a German occupational surname, which means someone who works with tin, a tin blacksmith. The name may refer to:

Surname

 * A. L. Zinn (c. 1888–1957), Justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court
 * Amalia Emma Sophie Zinn (1807–1851) Danish composer and memorist
 * Ben Zinn (born 1937), Israeli engineer and football player
 * Elfi Zinn (born 1953), German athlete
 * Frank Zinn (1885–1936), American baseball player
 * Fred Zinn (1892–1960), American aviator and photographer
 * Georg August Zinn (1901–1976), German politician
 * George Zinn (1842–1899), American general
 * Guy Zinn (1887–1949), American baseball player
 * Howard Zinn (1922–2010), American historian
 * Jean Zinn-Justin (born 1943), French physicist
 * Jimmy Zinn (1895–1991), American baseball player
 * Johann Gottfried Zinn (1727–1759), German scientist
 * Johann Ludvig Zinn (1734–1802), German-Danish merchant
 * Jon Kabat-Zinn (born 1944), American physician
 * Maxine Baca Zinn (born 1942), American sociologist
 * Lothar Zinn (1938-1980), German chess player
 * Ray Zinn (born 1937), American businessman
 * Ronald Zinn (1939–1965), American athlete
 * Russel W. Zinn (born 1951), Canadian judge
 * Rusty Zinn (born 1970), American musician
 * Walter Zinn (1906–2000), Canadian physicist
 * William V. Zinn (1903–1989), British civil engineer and Buddhist

First name

 * Zinn Beck (1885–1981), American baseball player

title: Zinn


text:
User:Ryan524~enwiki/home page

This is my homepage for mozilla on it i have links to areas of wikipedia reguarding vandalism in progress, I use it as my tool to fight vandalism and so you should make this your homepage too. ps i put it here intead of wikipedia:vandalism_links or something like that so it won't get seleted, if you think it should be somewhere else please move this.

Recent Changes Vandalism In Progress RC Patrol Short Pages Including blanked pages Blocked Users/IP's

title: User:Ryan524~enwiki/home page


text:
User:Jfdwolff/Welcome

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:
 * Read the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the Sandbox.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk or ask me on my talk page.
 * To sign your name on a talk page, please finish your comments with ~ (four tildes). The wiki will insert a link to your userpage and the timestamp.
 * Not every subject needs its own page. Sometimes it is wiser to deal with certain subjects together on one page. See Merge and Redirect for some background. You may want to review Avoiding common mistakes to get started quickly.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

title: User:Jfdwolff/Welcome