text:
User talk:Kelvinc

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HKWNB, HKCOTW, Current events
Hi. Thanks for your contributions to some Hong Kong-related articles. You might be interested to take a look at HK wikipedians' notice board, HK Collaboration of the Week and Current events in Hong Kong and Macao. — Instantnood 10:24, May 6, 2005 (UTC)

Wikimania 2006
In the course of informal discussions at Wikimania in Frankfurt the possibility of having Wikimania 2006 in Vancouver was raised. What makes Canada desirable for such a meeting is the capacity to draw delegates from the United States. For many overseas delegates, however, U.S. visa requirements make that country less attractive. All else being equal, Europeans see Vancouver as a more interesting Canadian city to visit than Toronto, the only other Canadian city to receive significant consideration.

Preliminary bids from various cities need to be made by Sept. 30, 2005. A short list will be drawn from those bids. Is there enough interest and energy to put together such a conference in Vancouver for August 2006? The people in Frankfurt put on a tremendous gathering, with a core organizational group of about a dozen people. Some 400 people attended from 52 different countries.

I expect that a North American Wikimania could be a little smaller, but we would still need a suitable facility. It would be good to know that such a facility is available for a conference; the type of youth hostel facility that was used in Frankfurt does not exist in North America. What would be the cost of hosting such a conference at UBC?

I'm looking for interest and commitment. To that end I am proposing a Vancouver meetup for Saturday, Sept. 24. If someone has a reasonably accesible place for such a meeting please let me know. (I live in Richmond, but something in the city of Vancouver would be more appropriate.)

I am spammiong this to all Vancouver area Wikipedians that I can find. Please reply to my talk page. Eclecticology 21:50:16, 2005-09-03 (UTC)

User Categorization
You were listed on the Wikipedians/Hong Kong page as living in or being associated with Hong Kong. As part of the User categorisation project, these lists are being replaced with user categories. If you would like to add yourself to the category that is replacing the page, please visit Category:Hong Kong Wikipedians for instructions. Rmky87 19:13, 18 September 2005 (UTC)

Re:Image:Zangjiesi-declare.jpg
re Image:Zangjiesi-declare.jpg, I kind of assumed things because the note I got on the pic was that he was declaring war, which did not officially occur until 1941. Of course, I am really assumming things, so if you think I am mistaken, please change it because I probably am mistaken. Thanks for pointing it out, --Jiang 03:37, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

Wikimedia Canada
Hi there! I'd like to invite you to explore Wikimedia Canada, and create a list of people interested in forming a local chapter for our nation. A local chapter will help promote and improve the organization, within our great nation. We'd also like to encourage everyone to suggest projects for our national chapter to participate in. Hope to see you there!--DarkEvil 17:11, 20 January 2006 (UTC)

Bad manners
Imagine someone had a userbox like yours for the EU for Canada or for other unions like the US, the UK, or the United Arab Emirates. It is just bad manners. ROGNNTUDJUU! 20:28, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

Tks for heads up
Hi, thanks for the heads up on the tone marks debate! Dragonbones 07:59, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

Italy
No, we don't need all this small parties. We could add them in a note, not in the table itself. Personally I would like to add up to votes of the Italian and the abroad votes for each party, since both are part of the electorate. Electionworld = Wilfried (talk 20:43, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
 * BTW: How can you be pro-life and prefer that the death penalty be used far more often. Electionworld = Wilfried (talk 20:56, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

Seating Plan
The reason for the two tories and the dipper begin separated from caucus is because they are deputy Speakers. I guess as speakers they need to be away from thier parties in order to appear more neutral. What's wierd is that when the libs were in power, thier dep speakers were joined with caucus. Anyway, I would keep the way it currently looks simply because it is the actual seating plan. With regard to older plans, I made them up based on the basic way they assign seats. MS123

Uh-oh
Haha my account got autoblocked on the same IP address again. Not going to appeal it for now since I don't need to edit right away (it's getting late) but hopefully my address will be renewed or the autoblock lifted by this time tomorrow. Thought I should record this event for posterity though. Kelvinc 09:11, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

Our edits to Ella Koon
Thanks. The reason I replaced it with No was because of the whole Yale romanization. Sorry about that. It leaves me wondering though; why is her name romanized as Koon and not Gun. Also, when I browse through Wikipedia to look at the pages made for Canto/Mando artists, there's a different romanization almost everywhere. What happened to uniformity?

Thanks for clarifying that. It's too bad though that people don't resort to discussing this matter. I mean, it would make it all the more easier to start or edit a page on a Chinese artist. Oh well.

By the way, do you happen to know a website or any other source that has biographical information on Candy Lo 盧巧音? It's extremely hard to come by useful stuff about her. Thanks in advance. Narqalaq 10:31, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

Hahaha, I seem to be the only one to actually obsess over her. ;) Well, good luck with your future Wikipedics. :D Narqalaq 10:15, 9 January 2007 (UTC)

Video game edit
No worries, easily enough sorted out. And thanks for suggesting the inuse tag. That is good to know about. Take care. BcRIPster 07:17, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Cathay Pacific logo.gif)
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Licencing of location maps for European countries
Hi. You are one of many editors having expressed a concern about the licence for David Liuzzo's maps — actually, I think you were the first to put attention to this problem, good catch! He already changed this for the European countries without EU-highlighting, see Commons - Template:Europe location. The creator promised to do so as well for their version with EU-highlighting, and nothing will go on as long as this may not have been taken care of. Meanwhile, in case you like to inspect the presently modified licence and wish to comment on it, please do so in the subsection Comments on the February 2007 new licence for David Liuzzo maps. Kind regards. — SomeHuman 3 Feb2007 17:21 (UTC)

Location Maps
On the WikiProject Countries talk page, you had either explictly declared a general interest in the project, or had participated at a discussion that appears related to Location Maps for European countries. New maps had been created by David Liuzzo, and are available for the countries of the European continent, and for countries of the European Union exist in two versions. From November 16, 2006 till January 31, 2007, a poll had tried to find a consensus for usage of 'old' or of which and where 'new' version maps. At its closing, 25 people had spoken in favor of either of the two presented usages of new versions but neither version had reached a consensus (12 and 13), and 18 had preferred old maps. As this outcome cannot justify reverting of new maps that had become used for some countries, seconds before February 5, 2007 a survey started that will be closed at February 20, 2007 23:59:59. It should establish whether the new style maps may be applied as soon as some might become available for countries outside the European continent (or such to depend on future discussions), and also which new version should be applied for which countries. Please note that since January 1, 2007 all new maps became updated by David Liuzzo (including a world locator, enlarged cut-out for small countries) and as of February 4, 2007 the restricted licence that had jeopardized their availability on Wikimedia Commons, became more free. The subsections on the talk page that had shown David Liuzzo's original maps, now show his most recent design. Please read the discussion (also in other sections α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η, θ) and in particular the arguments offered by the forementioned poll, while realizing some comments to have been made prior to updating the maps, and all prior to modifying the licences, before carefully reading the '''presentation of the currently open survey. You are invited''' to only then finally make up your mind and vote for only one option. There mustnot be 'oppose' votes; if none of the options would be appreciated, you could vote for the option you might with some effort find least difficult to live with - rather like elections only allowing to vote for one of several candidates. Obviously, you are most welcome to leave a brief argumentation with your vote. Kind regards. — SomeHuman 7 Feb2007 20:19 (UTC)

That RfC...
Hi, kudos for treating that RfC with that extra portion of patience. But I am sure it's going to be soon deleted, I might actually speedy it under WP:SNOW. If you want to keep that useful summary of yours around for documentation, you might want to copy it to the article talk page. Cheers, Fut.Perf. ☼ 10:16, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

Flag of Myanmar
Hi, If we have to include every single proposed and unadopted flags, we would have over 200 flags. Please let me know if you think we should start including all the proposed flags since 1948 independance? There have been over 200 flags which were never adopted. Okkar 09:21, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Hi, I am not in anyway disputing the fact, I just dont want to start a feeding frenzy to those politically motivated editors, who are itching to include flags of NLD and 1001 other flags of opposition groups. If we started including unofficial flags, granted that it has been proposed but not yet formally adopted, then we would open the flood gate to these vandals are who are rubbing their paws to include their party's flags.  I hope you understand my point.  Okkar 10:35, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

Template:Map caption
Hi Kelvinc. I answered your message on my talk page there. The error is solved but was not caused by the Map caption template, but by its caller that did not show the Map caption template. Kind regards. — SomeHuman 9 Apr2007 11:50 (UTC)

Jean Shrimpton image
My God! I'd completely forgotten that I uploaded that photo of Jean Shrimpton. I don't think the NNDB own that photo either, but there is nothing distinctive about it to identify the copyright holder - Shrimpton was a model in the 1960s, so you can imagine that she had a few photos taken of her. How about this (number 15) as an alternative - considered one of the top magazine covers of the last 40 years by the American Society of Magazine Editors. If we took the image as used here but made it a lot smaller do you believe that it would qualify as It is a historically significant photo of a famous individual - Particularly if I edit the article to mention some of the photographers that took photos of her, including Richard Avedon, as well as the magazine's selection. kju 23:19, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

 * OK, I'll sort it out in the next few days. Job applications, birthdays and autumn cleaning to be done first! kju 15:13, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image (Image:Giafront.jpg)
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Orphaned non-free image (Image:RAV route.jpg)
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Re: Thailand as part of Axis in WWII
Hi Kelvin, I've got no particular opinion on whether Thailand should be considered one of the Axis powers and understand that this is the subject of a lot of debate. However, as it did fight alongside Japan in Burma it belongs in that side of the infobox. Maybe the Allies and Axis headings in this box should be removed? - I'm not sure what they add. Regards, --Nick Dowling 00:49, 11 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, for some reason I thought that your edit removed Thailand rather than re-added it. I've got no idea why I thought this and have reverted myself. --Nick Dowling 01:10, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

Not A Sock Puppet
Sorry about uploading those images i didnt know they were deleted but i am not a sock puppet whoever uploaded those images before me i didnt know him/her so i am not a sock puppet --Bothtones7 11:34 22 November 2007 (ETZ)

 * There's no doubt in my mind that Bothtones7 is a sock puppet of User:Roadcrusher. He has the identical editing interests. He uploads many images under the guise of fair use that do not survive a deletion review. He never uses edit summaries, even after being asked to do so. And he places photos on New York City Subway station articles, making the same template parameter error every time. I do not have the energy to build a sock puppet case, but if you do, feel free to go ahead. Marc Shepherd (talk) 16:45, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

Re User:Bothtones7
Yes, I'm pretty sure that it was Roadcrusher too. You'd have thought that he would have got the message by now. —Jeremy (talk) 03:53, 24 November 2007 (UTC)

Re: Australia
All but two members of the Australian House of Representatives are affiliated with a party, no reasonable person in Australia would call party affiliation an oddity. In Australia party affiliation is extremly common, you may not see party affiliation in other nation's infoboxs because party affiliation there is not as prolific as it is here; however the fact of the matter remains that in Australia party affiliation is the norm and as such qualifies to be present in the infobox. I hope that I have cleared up your confusion on this matter.--Theworld2 12:19, 1 December 2007 (UTC)

The goings on of the article Politics in the United States is irrelevant to the one on Australia, please be aware that the issue is not the membership of the public at large to political parties but rather the affiliation of the elected official, in this case the Prime Minister of Australia. Also, rather off the point but to address some misconceptions you may have; most Australians regularly vote for one political party despite not being a member of it and for your information, the Liberal Party of Australia has a membership of over 80'000.--Theworld2 04:00, 2 December 2007 (UTC)

Extrahence100
Wow, even when you explain exactly what's wrong and how to fix it, Roadcrusher still can't set aside his copyvio ways. If you think he's educatable and that progress can be made, I can reduce his block there, but I'm out of patience for what feels to me like wasting everyone's time and typing. DMacks (talk) 20:25, 8 December 2007 (UTC)

why are you working as and administrator if you are braking wp rules?
I saw that you removed many of relevant links to foto archive that you should not done, why are you doing this? Mirko11 (talk) 17:41, 9 December 2007 (UTC)

Re:w-shout
I'm not sure. Something was wrong with the template and that fixed it. You are welcome to revert it if you like. Dom the dude 001 03:30, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

Translink template
Thanks for catching that - mistake on my part last week when I was trying to categorize templates during an editing blitz. Cheers! Plasma east (talk) 12:05, 16 December 2007 (UTC)

Comments
Hi, I think that applies to editors who are "behaving". Cartoonbook uploaded yet another image completely ignoring what we had already said to them so I don't think we should AGF here. Gustav von Humpelschmumpel (talk) 20:37, 2 February 2008 (UTC)

NAU vs. NACU
You bring up a very valid point. I went ahead and re-wrote the lead. Let me know what you think. --Kralizec! (talk) 15:45, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

HELP
If there is a liberal party user please come to Nicola Roxon. We need an unbiased opinion as the labour members are constantly reverting her Jewish religion. They are stacking the discussion. —Preceding unsigned comment added by GaryGazza (talk • contribs) 11:40, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Merge them 3 : Talk:Small_Seal_Script
Hello, I seen that you are interested by Seal script. I inform you that it is a talk encouraging to merge the 3 articles. Your opinion is welcome.
 * see : Talk:Small_Seal_Script

210.203.61.15 (talk) 06:56, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

Precision Bombing
Thanks for hunting down and accepting the 'PD Source'. I did the 'cut and paste' and it nearly sprained my wrist! Glad to see that the article (as enhanced by later editors) survives.Bo (talk) 02:17, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

Losing face
Kelvinc,

I am wondering if our dispute may be caused by a cultural misunderstanding. Are you opposing the Brain Drain article because you worry that it might make Europeans lose face? If this is the case, then you needn't worry, because Europeans have a different understanding.

Perhaps a Chinese example might help:

Deng Xiaoping is my favourite Chinese leader. I have been influenced by a Chinese friend (Yinqu Wu) who told me about his life growing up in China. When Yinqu was young, he was told that Chinese people were lucky because they all had enough food to eat. He was told that in America, only the rich people have enough food while the poor people starve to death.

When Deng Xiaoping became leader he told the Chinese people the truth, that American's were prosperous and the Chinese were poor. Deng began to reform China, to bring economic freedom and prosperity.

The big question is, why did it take China so long to realize their situation? Why didn't they tell the truth from the outset? I believe Chinese culture may have contributed to their delayed development. Chinese are polite, quiet people that avoid openly discussing real problems. Losing face is an important issue for them.

Europeans are not so concerned about losing face. European politicians frequently make comparisons to the United States to motivate the public, but this does not cause offence. Rather it inspires Europeans to compete with Americans (hence the bluecard). Europeans see themselves as being equal to Americans. A realistic admission of a problem is the first step towards reform.

Badenoch (talk) 04:31, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:OC-124a.jpg
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Meetup
Not sure if this applies to you after seeing that Hong Kong notice above, – thedemonhog   talk •  edits  06:44, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

Guangzhou Twin Towers
Since They are Talking about both towers shouldnt the article mention both towers. --Trulystand700 (talk) 19:11, 10 May 2008 (UTC)

Swimsuit Templates
As a leading editor at Yésica Toscanini you may have an interest in the debate at Templates_for_deletion/Log/2008_June_27 regarding swimsuit issue templates.--TonyTheTiger (t/c/bio/WP:CHICAGO/WP:LOTM) 04:57, 2 July 2008 (UTC)

First Anniversary Celebrations of Wikimedia Hong Kong
Invitied by Sith lord darth vader (talk), 15:07, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Rudy Herman Guede.jpg)
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Australian federal elections
Good work! Have seen you a fair bit on my watchlist of late. Orderinchaos 22:05, 23 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I was working on my own for state elections which you can see, e.g., at Western Australian state election, 2008. As for pre-1983, I have Mackerras's "Election 1980" book which gives estimates back to 1969 with actual numbers of votes (although all estimates), although that may be the same as what is available elsewhere. Orderinchaos 23:52, 23 October 2008 (UTC)

Revision to Sid Meier's Alien Crossfire and Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri articles
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56th New Brunswick Legislative Assembly
Hello. I am trying to clear up the backlog at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_sources_from_October_2006. The article by the above title is lacking reliable sources. Can you help out? Sincerely, GeorgeLouis (talk) 06:51, 8 November 2010 (UTC)

Vancouver Wikipedia 10th Anniversary Meetup

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Invitation to Vancouver meetup
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Invitation to Vancouver meetup
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Speedy deletion nomination of Template:Laurier Liberals/meta/color

A tag has been placed on Template:Laurier Liberals/meta/color requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

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A tag has been placed on Template:Unionist Party (Canada)/meta/color requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

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A tag has been placed on Template:Progressive Party of Canada/meta/color requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

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Speedy deletion nomination of Template:Unionist Party (Canada)/meta/shortname

A tag has been placed on Template:Unionist Party (Canada)/meta/shortname requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

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Speedy deletion nomination of Template:Saskatchewan New Democratic Party/meta/shortname

A tag has been placed on Template:Saskatchewan New Democratic Party/meta/shortname requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

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Speedy deletion nomination of Template:Progressive Party of Canada/meta/shortname

A tag has been placed on Template:Progressive Party of Canada/meta/shortname requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

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title: User talk:Kelvinc


text:
User:Wambampram

Test Content

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Wambampram


text:
Bridlington Free Press

The Bridlington Free Press is a newspaper that was launched in 1859, is now owned by National World and is distributed in the Bridlington area of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

A new edition of the paper is released every Thursday.

The editor is Steve Bambridge who is also editor of The Scarborough News, The Pocklington Post, The Filey Mercury and The Whitby Gazette.

The paper also employs a number of freelance editorial and photographic staff members.

A new independent paper, the Bridlington Echo was launched in July 2016 in competition against the Bridlington Free Press.

title: Bridlington Free Press


text:
User talk:Vate

Hello, I'm glad you decided to create an account. Hope you decide to stick around. Sorry if I was hasty; I decided to list your article on Cleanup instead. Anyway, you might want to take a look at Manual of style to see our formats. Or just click random page a few times, and read some articles, to get an overview. Either way, welcome to Wikipedia, and I hope to see you here in the future. Best, [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 15:44, 2004 Jul 29 (UTC)

 * Hi. Please don't remove the Votes for deletion tag from Vate. It will be voted on and debated; your best bet is to defend it there. Best wishes, [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 16:30, 2004 Jul 29 (UTC)

Apologies for the confusion. Your page is not up for deletion, just listed on Cleanup, where it will remain. I'm very sorry about the trouble. Thanks, [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 16:34, 2004 Jul 29 (UTC)

My vate entry has been deleted, although it was posted in the undeletion list :( This discourages me to contribute in wikipedia. The lesson or others: It doesnt mean it doesn exist if you don't know it --Vate 16:46, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Listing an article for undeletion doesn't mean that you can repost it or keep it from being redeleted. Listing an article there means that you are asking for a vote to restore it, so that it can be discussed again on Votes for Deletion whether or not it should be kept.  Your article was deleted because it was reposted after proper removal without going through this process.  What will happen now is that Vate will remain listed on undeletion, so that others will vote as to whether or not it should stay deleted.  That is now where it must be argued for.  Postdlf 16:51, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * The vate item was deleted back in 2003 and I was never warned about it in order to defend it. The backup information was deleted on june 8th 2004, that's why I reposted it (with even more info on it)--Vate 17:17, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Hey vate. I can see you're creating a lot of minor pages and putting them out before you have any content in them. It's likely that these will be speedily deleted so you should really take time to put content into your articles before you create them to stop them from getting deleted and saving everyone the trouble! freshgavin ΓΛĿЌ  11:10, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Ok, I'll put some basic info in them, thx! Vate

A tag has been placed on Kobol (band) requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article appears to be about a person, group of people, band, club, company, or web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not assert the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable.

If you think that you can assert the notability of the subject, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would confirm the subject's notability under Wikipedia guidelines.

For guidelines on specific types of articles, you may want to check out our criteria for biographies, for web sites, for bands, or for companies. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. - Warthog Demon  01:56, 7 October 2007 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Terrestre (band)

The article Terrestre (band) has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * No third-party sources, does not appear to meet notability standards

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Elonka 03:49, 13 December 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Vate


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Rockwell Collins

On 29 July 2004, Rockwell Collins was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was to delete the original article. It was subsequently replaced with a different topic under the same name (which, since it was still within the 5 day discussion window, was voted a "keep"). Rossami 23:49, 4 Aug 2004 (UTC)

A bare link to an external web site. BTW, why isn't this sort of thing a candidate for speedy deletion? It doesn't meet the criteria there, as far as I can tell, but I think it probably should be speedy deleted. - Kenwarren 15:46, Jul 29, 2004 (UTC) This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.
 * Del - If I had come across it, I would have speedydeleted it (I think it falls under "Very short pages with little or no definition or context"), but seeing as it's here now, it can go to the vote. TPK 15:53, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I did speedy-delete it - Wikipedia is not a web directory, thus an article which only conmtains an external link can be deleted right away. andy 16:06, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep . (As I stated before in a different place), I hate to look at links already gone; and if this one has been about this company then it should have stayed even as a micro-sub-stub, as it's one of the most famous brand names in avionics... (you wouldn't speedy delete a stub about Rolls Royce would you?) --Palapala 07:21, 2004 Jul 30 (UTC)
 * I would again delete it in the state it was at that time - an article which has the sole contents "http://www.rollsroyce.com" is not worth keeping, especially as the URL is trivial to find. If it however has at least one sentence like "Rolls Royce is a car company" then it is a valid stub - not that I like such stubs, but those cannot be speedy deleted for sure. andy 11:26, 30 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Yup, quite understandable - in order of preference the state of the article would be "proper article", then "no page", then "blatant sub-stub advert". Your delete improved the situation, never fear. - TB 12:51, Jul 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * Agree with Palapala, the company is significant. I've put up a short article about Rockwell Collins in the gap left by the speedy-delete.  - TB 09:37, Jul 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks. -Palapala 11:16, 2004 Jul 30 (UTC)
 * Keep; we can work with the article now. (Shouldn't subst:vfd still be on the page?)  --Ardonik 04:43, Jul 31, 2004 (UTC)
 * Not sure - the original content was speedy deleted, what's there is an entirely new article. If there's still debate to be had about the suitability of the subject for an article, please do add the message. - TB 09:21, Jul 31, 2004 (UTC)
 * How long does this entry have to stay here? The VfD page is taking forever to load/save, and we've got old entries like this one still hanging around. Salasks 21:40, Aug 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * 5 days. RickK 22:04, Aug 2, 2004 (UTC)


text:
Gleb Kotelnikov

Gleb Yevgeniyevich Kotelnikov (Russian: Глеб Евгеньевич Котельников, January 30 1872 – November 22, 1944), was the Russian-Soviet inventor of the knapsack parachute (first in the hard casing and then in the soft pack), and braking parachute.

Early life, family and education
He was born in the family of a professor of mechanics and higher mathematics, who moved to Saint Petersburg from Poltava in 1868. His parents were fond of theater, and this influenced him. From childhood he sang, played the violin, and enjoyed making toys and models.

He graduated from the Kiev Military School in 1894. After three years of compulsory service, he went into the reserve - returned to Poltava (where his parents resided since 1889), married there and got a job as an excise official. Excise service, simultaneously with the introduction of the wine monopoly, established a curatorial office for national sobriety, which organized public readings, open readings, and folk theaters - which allowed him to indulge in what he loved. In 1910, Gleb returned to St Petersburg and became an actor in the troupe of the People's House on the Petersburg side (the pseudonym of Glebov-Kotelnikov).

Career
In 1911, he created his first parachute RK-1 (which stands for Rantseviy (knapsack) or Russian Kotelnikova (by Kotelnikov), 1st model), that was successfully employed in 1914 during World War I. Later on, Kotelnikov significantly improved the design of his parachute, creating new models, including RK-2 with a softer knapsack, RK-3, and a few cargo parachutes, all of which would be adopted by the Soviet Air Force.

He witnessed the death of a talented Russian pilot Lev Matsivich which was such a shock that he became obsessed with the idea of constructing a parachute, to which he devoted several years of his life as well as all his personal savings. In 1911 he applied for a patent to the Committee on Inventions in France and was granted the patent under the number 438612, in which he summarized the function of his parachute: The working principle of the apparatus is as follows: in case of an emergency, a pilot, wearing it on his back, could throw himself out of an aircraft, opening a knapsack by pulling a cord attached to its lock. In case of an unexpected fall the device can work quite automatically. For that purpose the lock of the parapack is connected with a carriage of an aircraft by means of a cord which would open the lock of a parapack being stretched under the weight of a falling man. At first G.Kotelnikov called his invention a safety apparatus, a knapsack-parachute and later on it got the name of RK-1.

In 1912, on a road near Tsarskoye Selo (now part of St. Petersburg) Kotelnikov successfully demonstrated the braking effects of the parachute by accelerating a Russo-Balt automobile to the top speed, and then opening a parachute attached to the back seat, thus inventing the drogue parachute. In aviation, however, drag chutes were used for the first time only in 1937 by the Soviet airplanes in the Arctic that were providing support for the famous polar expeditions of the era, such as the first drifting ice station North Pole-1, launched the same year. The drag chute allowed to land safely on the ice-floes of smaller size.

Kotelnikov continued to be an important figure in the development of parachutes and parachuting in the Soviet Union. In 1924 Kotelnikov for the first time applied the soft packing of parachute instead of a hard casing. He produced some of the earliest cargo parachutes, and was a contemporary to the start of the parachuting sport in Russia in 1930 and the creation of the Soviet Airborne Troops the same year (the first paratrooping force in history). In his late years, Kotelnikov wrote a book about the invention and subsequent development of parachutes.

Personal life, demise and legacy
Kotelnikov died November 22, 1944, during World War II. His grave at Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow became a place of pilgrimage for Russian paratroopers.

The village Saalisi, where he first tested his parachute, was renamed Kotelnikovo in his honor.

title: Gleb Kotelnikov


text:
Aaron V. Brown

Aaron Venable Brown (August 15, 1795 – March 8, 1859) was an American politician. He served as the 11th Governor of Tennessee from 1845 to 1847, and as United States Postmaster General from 1857 until his death in 1859. He also served three terms in the United States House of Representatives, from 1839 to 1845. During the Mexican–American War, Brown's statewide call for 2,800 volunteers was answered by over 30,000, helping solidify the state's reputation as the "Volunteer State."

Early life
Brown was born in Brunswick County, Virginia, one of eleven children of Aaron and Elizabeth Melton Brown. His father was a Methodist minister. Brown attended Westrayville Academy in Nash County, North Carolina, and graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1814, where he was valedictorian of his class. He studied law with Judge James Trimble in Nashville, Tennessee, and was admitted to the bar in 1817. In 1818, he moved to Giles County, Tennessee, and became the law partner of future president James K. Polk.

Career
Brown was a member of the Tennessee Senate from 1821 to 1825 and from 1827 to 1829. He also served two terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives, from 1831 to 1835. In 1839, he defeated incumbent Ebenezer J. Shields for the 10th District congressional seat, and won reelection to this seat in 1841. In 1843, he was redistricted to the 6th District, which he represented in Congress for a single term. As a congressman, he lobbied for the annexation of Texas in 1843.

After his third term in Congress, Brown initially planned to retire and focus on his business affairs, but he accepted the Democratic nomination for governor in 1845. The incumbent, James C. Jones, a popular Whig, was not seeking reelection, and the Whigs instead nominated Senator Ephraim H. Foster. In the general election, Brown lost East Tennessee and West Tennessee, but won enough votes in populous Middle Tennessee to carry the election by 1,400 votes out of 115,000 cast.

When the Mexican–American War began, largely through the actions of his friend and former law partner, Polk, who was now president, Brown issued a call for 2,800 volunteer soldiers for the war effort. Over 30,000 answered the call, solidifying the state's reputation as the "Volunteer State," a reputation that had been gained when Tennesseans answered a similar call during the War of 1812. While initially popular, support for the war gradually declined, and Brown was defeated in his reelection bid by Neill S. Brown (no relation) in 1847.

Brown was a slaveholder. In 1850, He was a delegate to the Nashville Convention, which was a gathering of delegates from slave-holding states to consider a course of action should the federal government attempt to ban slavery. Brown and his brother-in-law, Gideon Pillow, coauthored a resolution calling for the support of the Compromise of 1850. This motion was voted down, but the convention did put aside, at least temporarily, the issue of secession.

Brown was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1852 where Franklin Pierce and William R. King were nominated. In 1854, he delivered an address to the University of North Carolina's literary societies.

Brown attended the 1856 Democratic National Convention, where he was considered a possible vice-presidential nominee. The following year, newly elected president James Buchanan appointed him Postmaster General, a position in which he served until his death.

Brown died on March 8, 1859, and is interred at Nashville's Mount Olivet Cemetery.

Family
Brown married his first wife, Sarah Burrus, at an undetermined date, and they had six children. Following her death, he married Cynthia Pillow Sanders, the sister of Gideon Pillow and widow of John W. Sanders, and they had one son. Hill McAlister, a great-grandson of Brown, served as Governor of Tennessee in the 1930s.

Recognition
USS Aaron V. Brown, a revenue cutter, was named after him.

title: Aaron V. Brown


text:
Two Guys and a Girl

Two Guys and a Girl (titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place for the first two seasons) is an American television sitcom created by Rick Wiener, Kenny Schwartz, and Danny Jacobson. The series started as a short-run (thirteen episodes) mid-season replacement on March 11, 1998, on ABC. The series ran for four seasons, ending with a planned series finale, its eighty-first episode, on May 16, 2001.

The series starred Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard as the title characters. The second season saw the arrival of two additional recurring characters: Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion) and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer). In 2000, for the fourth season, ABC moved the sitcom from midweek to a Friday night death slot, leading to a steep drop in ratings. After the show moved back to Wednesday for a two-week trial in an unsuccessful attempt to regain ratings, it was cancelled in May 2001. The series finale was titled "The Internet Show", an episode in which fans of the show voted on the characters' outcome online.

Overview
Focusing on the lives of twenty-somethings Michael Bergen, Pete Dunville, and Sharon Carter, the show was originally based on the life of its creator. The fictional "Beacon Street Pizza" was based on a real pizza restaurant named Theo's Pizza in Teele Square, Somerville, Massachusetts, where show creator Kenny Schwartz worked while attending nearby Tufts University. The show is set in Boston, but was filmed at CBS Studio Center in Studio City, Los Angeles, California.

The series stars Ryan Reynolds as Michael Leslie "Berg" Bergen, Richard Ruccolo as Peter "Pete" Dunville, and Traylor Howard as campus beauty Sharon Carter (later Carter-Donnelly). In the first two seasons, Berg, a slacker, works at a Boston pizza parlor, Beacon Street Pizza, with Pete. They both attend Tufts University, with Sharon, who after graduation, works as the spokesperson (or apologist) for Immaculate Chemicals.

The format of the initial season varied considerably from subsequent seasons. The first season features Jennifer Westfeldt as Melissa, Pete's girlfriend, and David Ogden Stiers as Mr Bauer, a delusional old man who frequents the pizza place, pretending that experiences from films are his own. The second season abandons these two characters, focusing on the interplay between Pete and Berg and their relationship with Sharon, who lives in the apartment above them. Berg eventually decides to attend medical school and become a doctor, while Pete drops out of architecture classes to become a career counselor. The second season also introduces Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion), a jukebox repairman who starts dating Sharon, and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer), a medical school classmate of Berg's who competes with him to be top of the class.

At the start of season three, the pizza place is abandoned entirely (hence the change in the show's title), and Berg begins his medical residency. Pete becomes a vice president of a cosmetics company, and then a firefighter. Johnny and Sharon marry and become the superintendents of their apartment building. Berg goes on to date Irene (Jillian Bach), the eccentric neighbor across the hall and Pete begins dating a fellow firefighter named Marti (Tiffani Thiessen).

Main

 * Ryan Reynolds as Michael Eugene Leslie "Berg" Bergen – the mischievous everyman with boyish looks who often creates chaos in the lives of his friends, particularly Pete. While in college, he has difficulty settling on what he wants to do in life. Eventually, he decides on becoming a doctor, and meets Ashley, a worthy competitor, at medical school. They begin a relationship but eventually break up due to her inability to reciprocate his feelings. Near the end of the show, he and Irene, Pete's former stalker, form a relationship.
 * Richard Ruccolo as Peter Dunville – often neurotic and anxious about what may occur with his professional and romantic life. Early in the show, he is conflicted about what he wants to do in life. He switches from his dreams of becoming an architect to becoming a firefighter. He has a very brief romance with Sharon. Near the end of the show, he begins a lust-based relationship with Berg's ex-girlfriend, Ashley.
 * Traylor Howard as Sharon Carter-Donnelly – a complex woman who is good friends with Pete and Berg. She is known for her self-confidence, yet her inability to commit to relationships. Eventually, she manages to move past her fears and marries her boyfriend Johnny Donnelly.
 * Jennifer Westfeldt as Melissa (1998) – Pete's love interest during the first season. She shows up numerous times after "Two Guys, a Girl and an Apartment", where she and Pete break up, suggesting that the episodes aired in the wrong order.
 * Julius Carry as Bill (1998) – the smart-mouth owner of Beacon Street Pizza. He only appears during the first season.
 * David Ogden Stiers as Mr. Bauer (1998) – only appearing in the first season, he hangs about the pizza place telling stories that are from movies but which he claims to be his own experiences.
 * Nathan Fillion as Johnny Donnelly (1999–2001) – arrives in the second season as a jukebox repairman with eyes for Sharon. He and Sharon begin dating with the occasional break-up due to Johnny's long-time friend Shaun, an attractive woman who often gets in the way of their relationship. The couple marries during the third-season finale. Johnny later decides to become a fireman against Sharon's wishes. Eventually, Sharon and Johnny decide they are ready for children, as seen in the series finale.
 * Suzanne Cryer as Ashley Walker (1999–2001) – arrives in the second season and meets Berg at medical school. Initially, she rejects Berg, hoping to keep her long-distance relationship with Justin (Jon Cryer). She eventually starts dating Berg but he then calls it off. At the end of the fourth season, she starts a sexual relationship with Pete and becomes pregnant in the series finale. Viewers were left unable to know what Ashley would do with the baby due to the show's cancellation.
 * Jillian Bach as Irene (1999–2001) – arrives mid-season 2 as Pete's stalker. She then forms a sexual relationship with Berg, while maintaining her love for Pete. Toward the middle of season 4, she and Berg start dating but break up due to Berg's other love interest, Katie Connor. Irene then forms a relationship with the mailman, causing Berg to become extremely jealous. The two get back together after an unexpected pregnancy scare.

Recurring

 * Maury Ginsberg as Kamen (1998–1999) – thwarted by Berg in "Two Guys, a Girl and Someone Better" where Berg ruins his life. He attempts to get back at Berg on random occasions throughout season 2.
 * Giuseppe Andrews as Germ (2000–2001) – a helper at Tufts Hospital who is noted for his slobbish and uncaring attitude. He first appears in "Au Revoir Pizza Place", season 3/episode 2, and returns later in the series where he becomes a close acquaintance of Pete, Berg, Sharon, and Ashley.
 * Tiffani Thiessen as Marti (2000) – another love interest of Pete's who continually sasses him at the fire station. She and Pete start dating, to Irene's chagrin. She breaks up with Pete during the fourth season after having an affair with a baseball star.
 * Dian Bachar as Roger (2001) – A mailman Irene dates after her breakup with Berg, who always wears shorts with his uniform. Like the Cheers character Cliff Clavin, Roger behaves as if his menial job requires a great amount of skill and effort. Despite his small height, he behaves as if he were tall and muscular, frequently challenging the much more physically intimidating Berg to fights. In the finale, it is revealed that this sense of self-righteousness comes from his status as an army reservist who is trained to snap a man's neck with one hand.

Notable guest cast

 * Carmen Electra as Isabella (1998) – a love interest of Pete's who gets between him and Berg. When Pete feels he must dump Isabella to go to 845 Arlington, Berg tries to stop him. ("Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Delivery")
 * Kathy Kinney as Mimi (1998) – Kinney played Mimi from The Drew Carey Show on the episode "Two Guys, a Girl and a Psycho Halloween", in a short cameo appearance.
 * Fred Willard as Frank Farber (1998) - interviews Pete in "Two Guys, A Girl and a Vacation". He talks to Pete about women he has conquered all around the world until Berg uses a Scottish accent pretending to be his long-lost love child to drive him away.
 * Adam Carolla as himself (1998) – Carolla appeared as himself from the talk show Loveline. Pete constantly asks him for advice on dating and career issues when Pete becomes a limo driver in "Two Guys, a Girl and a Limo".
 * Anthony Head as Dr. Staretski (1999) – a role model of Ashley's in the episode "Two Guys, a Girl and Mother's Day"; Berg is surprised to learn that he paints nudes.
 * Jon Cryer as Justin (1999) – Ashley's long-distance boyfriend who moves to Boston to give their relationship a chance; only appears in 1 episode. ("Two Guys, a Girl and Thanksgiving")
 * Conchata Ferrell as Shaun's mother (1999) – Ferrell plays Shaun's mother in the episode "Two Guys, a Girl and Valentine's Day". She shows excitement when meeting Berg after discovering that he is a doctor.
 * Blink-182 (1999) – The band appears in the third season where they play at the pizza place naked. This referenced their latest single at the time, "What's My Age Again?". ("Au Revoir Pizza Place")
 * Barenaked Ladies (1999) – The band makes an appearance in "Two Guys, a Girl and Barenaked Ladies" where they follow Pete around and sing about his current events.
 * Nomar Garciaparra as himself (2000) – becomes a love interest of Ashley's until he falls for Pete's girlfriend Marti.
 * Dan Finnerty & The Dan Band (2000) – make an appearance in "Bridesmaids Revisited" where Dan sings female songs throughout the episode as they follow Ashley.

Season 1
The series premiered on March 11, 1998, as Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place. The episode entitled "The Pilot" was watched by almost 18 million viewers.

The story of season 1 centers around the pizza place. Actors such as Jennifer Westfeldt (Melissa), and Julius Carry (Bill) were credited as secondary cast members to principals Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard. Mr. Bauer, played by David Ogden Stiers, frequently appeared around the pizza place, telling stories of life events which actually occurred in movies. Pete and Berg share an apartment, on which Peter pays the rent every month, with Berg testing experimental drugs to supplement their income. Pete structures his life around architecture and grad school, while Sharon, their friend upstairs, works for an evil corporation that exploits the Earth's natural resources, much to her dislike.

The episodes contained storylines including Pete preparing for a presentation which Berg ruins; Berg stealing the Celtics' '81 championship banner; Sharon joining the softball team; and the story of how they all met. Because the episodes aired out of order, the season seems very disjointed---demonstrated by the status of Pete's relationship with Melissa: in episode 8 – "Party" Melissa and Pete are still together despite having previously broken up in episode 5 – "Apartment". On the DVD release, they are episodes 2 and 7.

Season 2
Season 2 had a more structured basis for each episode. Two additional primary characters arrived, Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer) and Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion), as well as the dismissal of characters Bill, Mr. Bauer, and Pete's long-time girlfriend Melissa.

The season starts with Berg's realization that someone in his class, Walker, is more clever than he is. It leads to an anticipated romance between Berg and Ashley as they both head down the path of becoming physicians. Jukebox repairman Johnny Donnelly begins a relationship with Sharon. Other secondary characters (Irene, Kamen, Shaun) are introduced throughout the season. Episodes of season 2 include: "Two Guys, a Girl and an Engagement", "Two Guys, a Girl and a Valentine's Day", and "Two Guys, a Girl and Ashley's Return", all of which mark turning points in the story of the show. Johnny and Sharon break up on Valentine's Day due to Sharon's jealousy of Shaun, Johnny's (female) best friend. Berg and Ashley finally get together in "...And Ashley's Return". Pete confesses his feelings towards Sharon, and Johnny proposes in "...And an Engagement". The season ends with Sharon not giving Johnny an answer as well as her realizing she may have feelings for Pete. It left the show with a cliffhanger after ABC had renewed it for another season.

Season 3
The pizza place is completely abandoned in the third season so that the characters can pursue different dreams. The premiere resolves the season two cliffhanger, with Sharon answering Johnny's proposal with 'Yes, in theory,' although she is still holding out on her feelings for Pete. Evidently, Pete flies to Paris after the night's events and returns completely over Sharon, with a new girlfriend who speaks only French and is revealed to be extremely racist. Berg and Ashley continue to build on their relationship and finally become doctors involved in psych rotations. The season portrays their relationship as unsteady and completely built on hate of one another. It leads to Berg breaking up with Ashley during the middle of the season.

Ashley lives with Pete and Berg before moving into her own apartment, which was originally Sharon's and Johnny's, who move to the basement to become the new supers. She starts dating Boston Red Sox baseball star Nomar Garciaparra, who appears as himself. Pete finds his true calling by becoming a firefighter. He enjoys the experience of being an honorary firefighter until the feisty Marti, played by Tiffani Thiessen, comes along to thwart him at every turn. The two continue to take shots at each other until she starts dating Berg, to Pete's dislike. Pete and Berg get into a huge fight concerning Marti and consider not being roommates anymore.

When Pete gets his acceptance letter to Fireman Boot Camp, he goes to Marti with open arms and they become an item. Pete continues to hate Berg throughout the final episodes of the season. Sharon and Johnny bicker at one another until Johnny calls off the wedding. When they get back together, they decide that a quickie wedding is the best idea. Irene, Pete's alleged stalker, agrees to throw Sharon and Johnny a wedding on the roof of the building; it results in her inviting Robert Goulet, who conducts the ceremony and brings Pete and Berg back together as friends during the wedding.

At the end of the two-part season finale, Pete and Marti leave to go to Fireman Boot Camp, Sharon, and Johnny go on their honeymoon, and Ashley leaves to sort out a joke that Pete told Nomar, causing his and Ashley's break-up. Berg and Irene are left alone at the wedding and start to dance. The series ends with another cliffhanger as the audience is led to believe something will happen between Berg and Irene. The series was renewed for another season due to its 10.2 million average viewers during season 3.

Season 4
In 2001, ABC moved the sitcom from mid-week to Friday and the show's average viewers dropped from 10.2 to 6.7 million.

Season 4 continues the story arc from the end of Season 3. Johnny and Sharon are married, Pete and Marti are now firefighters, and Berg and Irene are sleeping together. After Berg gets over being on academic probation, he continues to be Irene's "sex buddy". The two start sleeping together secretly, hoping that Pete won't know.

Johnny continues to be the superintendent until Sharon makes him an honorary fireman for the day on his birthday. Johnny decides that he wants to be a fireman, much to Sharon's dislike. Meanwhile, Berg and Irene become a couple and Pete and Marti break up. Marti leaves Pete for Ashley's ex, Nomar. Sharon feels unfulfilled after leaving her evil corporate job and decides that she wants to be a lawyer.

When Berg tells Irene that he loves her and she has no reply, Berg goes out and meets someone else. Katie, the girl he meets, admits she's been following him for 8 years. The two kiss and Berg tells Irene. Berg apologizes and Irene breaks up with him for the mailman Roger. In the final episode, Berg assumes that Irene may be pregnant and decides that he must win her back.

Series finale
The series finale is titled "The Internet Show", and was an episode in which fans of the show voted on the outcome online. The episode aired on May 16, 2001. It was written by Donald Beck and Vince Calandra and directed by Michael Lembeck.

In the episode, Sharon thinks she may be pregnant and Ashley realizes she could be too. Ashley goes into denial, despite showing symptoms, but agrees to take a pregnancy test with Sharon. When Berg finds out from a news report that a glow-in-the-dark condom he used was defective he thinks Irene could be pregnant. Not wanting to worry her, he tries to get a urine sample from her without telling her. Pete is still annoyed at Ashley for giving up on their relationship to go to Stanford.

Four different endings were filmed for viewers to decide whether one of the three central female characters (Sharon, Ashley, or Irene) should become pregnant or whether none should be. The plan was to have the pregnant one (which ultimately ended up being Ashley) give birth at the end of the proposed fifth season. However, a fifth season of the show never materialized; by the time the fourth-season finale aired in May 2001, the show had been cancelled due to low ratings.

Ratings
The show had strong ratings success during its run, peaking in season 2 with an average of 12.0 million viewers. The series premiere, titled "The Pilot", was watched by 17.94 million viewers, airing after The Drew Carey Show. The episode got a 15.61 Nielsen rating and won its 18-49 adult demographic. It was ABC's biggest opening since Spin City. The eleventh episode of season 1, "Two Guys, a Girl and How They Met", got a 6.7 Nielsen rating, a big drop from the series premiere. The estimated number of viewers was 7.69 million.

The show continued to have success during the first few seasons but never reached the high rating of "The Pilot". Its key adult 18–49 audience was predominantly female (55%). It was ranked #1 in its time period with Total Viewers, outperforming Beverly Hills, 90210, The Nanny, and Dawson's Creek. It was also #1 in its time slot with key adults 18–49 and with all male demographics. It was the #3 sitcom on ABC with key adults 18–34.

Theme song and opening sequences
The title sequence for the first two seasons consists of a short collection of images of the three main characters, and a few cartoon images of them drinking and eating pizza at the pizza place, which alternated with a logo saying Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place. The title screen is accompanied by an instrumental cover of the song "Blister in the Sun" by the Violent Femmes.

The title sequence for Seasons 3 and 4 shows Pete, Berg, and Sharon dancing to a more modern piece of music in front of a plain white backdrop, wearing suits and dresses. The newly adopted logo (the show's name having changed) is seen overlaying the footage as the three dance and laugh.

The music for the series was composed by Freddy Curci, Tom Rizzo and Mark Vogel. The music for Seasons 1 and 2 included numerous variations on the title theme, a prime example of which is "Two Guys, a Girl and a Vacation" where the cast members do a short rendition of "Kokomo" by The Beach Boys. Steel drums and Caribbean instruments were used to vary the title theme within the scenes of the episode.

Directors

 * Amanda Bearse
 * Robby Benson
 * Mark Cendrowski
 * Rich Correll
 * Dana DeVally Piazza
 * John Fortenberry
 * Leonard R. Garner Jr.
 * Ellen Gittelsohn
 * Gordon Hunt
 * Casey Johnson
 * Gil Junger
 * Kim Rozenfeld
 * Michael Lembeck
 * Gail Mancuso
 * Brian K. Roberts
 * Wil Shriner
 * Andrew Susskind
 * Rocco Urbisci
 * Ted Wass
 * Marjorie Weitzman
 * James Widdoes
 * David E. Windsor

Writers

 * Kevin Abbott
 * Donald R. Beck
 * Paige Bernhardt
 * Pat Bullard
 * Vince Calandra
 * Stevie Ray Fromstein
 * Mark Ganzel
 * Danny Jacobson
 * Liz Sagal
 * Kenny Schwartz
 * Barry Wernick
 * Rick Wiener

Home media
On June 28, 2016, Shout! Factory released Two Guys and A Girl: The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1 for the first time. The 11-disc set features all 81 episodes of the series, as well as the series' alternate finale.

On June 24, 2013, Revelation Films released all four seasons on DVD in the UK (Region 2).

title: Two Guys and a Girl


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Pac-Man Plus

Pac-Man Plus is an arcade game that was released by Bally Midway in 1983. It is part of the Pac-Man series of games.

Gameplay
The gameplay in Pac-Man Plus is nearly identical to that of the original Pac-Man. The player controls Pac-Man and attempts to score as many points as possible by eating all the Pac-Dots in the maze while avoiding the four ghosts that chase him around the maze and will kill him if they catch him. Eating a Power Pellet will cause the ghosts to turn blue and become vulnerable for a short period of time, allowing Pac-Man to eat them for extra points. Once the maze has been cleared, it will be refilled as the gameplay continues.

The most noticeable differences between the original game and Plus are various tweaks to the graphics: the maze is green instead of blue, vulnerable ghosts are shorter and have a stem and leaf sticking out of their heads, the fruits have been replaced by new items (including a can of Coca-Cola) and the ghosts' eyes are now a pixel closer to each other. In addition to these cosmetic changes, Plus also changes the gameplay slightly: eating a bonus item will cause the ghosts to turn both vulnerable and invisible, and doubles their point value while they are vulnerable. Eating a Power Pellet also sometimes has unpredictable results, such as turning the maze invisible or turning only three of the four ghosts blue (the latter of which makes it impossible to clear a round by using a pattern). The ghosts are also faster and more aggressive than they were in the original Pac-Man, which makes the game seem overall faster-paced and more difficult by comparison.

Development
Midway advertised the game as "the only legal PAC-MAN conversion package" and called it "Exciting!" and "New!". Pac-Man Plus was an upgrade kit for Namco Pac-Man boards. It consisted of a module which connected via a ribbon cable to the socket originally occupied by the Z-80 microprocessor. The module contained its own Z-80 microprocessor as well as additional components. It was potted with epoxy to prevent easy reverse-engineering. Additionally, the kit also replaced the four Pac-Man program roms on the main game board with a new code. Two other roms containing updated data for drawing character and maze were also exchanged. Finally, two relatively tiny supplementary roms containing new color data completed the modification.

Reception
Arcade Express rated the game eight out of ten, stating that it "features all the graphics, challenge and excitement of the original while eliminating patterned play" with random movement and a few surprises making it "an interesting new twist for Pac-fans."

Legacy
There were no contemporary home versions. Recent versions include a J2ME mobile version, and ports included in several TV Games from Jakks Pacific and from Bandai.

In addition, there have been efforts by some homebrew game developers to port Pac-Man Plus to classic game consoles, such as the ColecoVision Pac-Man Collection by Opcode Games (press 7587 on the #2 controller at the main menu screen when seeing PLUS press the fire button), Atari 2600, and more recently the Atari 5200 and 7800.

In 2018, an arcade cabinet called Pac-Man's Pixel Bash was released by Bandai Namco Amusements with 31 or 32 classic Namco games included, 1 of which is Pac-Man Plus. The arcade cabinet is available in both Coin-Op, and Home versions.

In 2018, Arcade1Up released a new home arcade cabinet that plays both regular Pac-Man and Pac-Man Plus. In 2020, Arcade 1Up released a Pac-Man 40th anniversary home arcade cabinet (Generation 3), which included seven games, of which one was Pac-Man Plus.

In 2022, Arcade1Up, in conjunction with Sam's Club, released a Pac-Man Plus themed cabaret legacy edition with the same game list as 2021's Bandai Namco legacy edition and similar releases. Although the cabinet was mistakenly labeled as Super Pac-Man, it is currently being corrected.

title: Pac-Man Plus


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Solar spicule

In solar physics, a spicule, also known as a fibril or mottle, is a dynamic jet of plasma in the Sun's chromosphere about 300 km in diameter. They move upwards with speeds between 15 and 110 km/s from the photosphere and last a few minutes each before falling back to the solar atmosphere. They were discovered in 1877 by Angelo Secchi, but the physical mechanism that generates them is still hotly debated.

Description
Spicules last for about 15 minutes; at the solar limb they appear elongated (if seen on the disk, they are known as "mottles" or "fibrils"). They are usually associated with regions of high magnetic flux; their mass flux is about 100 times that of the solar wind. They rise at a rate of 20 km/s (or 72,000 km/h) and can reach several thousand kilometers in height before collapsing and fading away.

Prevalence
There are about 3,000,000 active spicules at any one time on the Sun's chromosphere. An individual spicule typically reaches 3,000–10,000 km altitude above the photosphere.

Causes
Bart De Pontieu (Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, Palo Alto, California, United States), Robert Erdélyi and Stewart James (both from the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom) hypothesised in 2004 that spicules form as a result of P-mode oscillations in the Sun's surface, sound waves with a period of about five minutes that causes the Sun's surface to rise and fall at several hundred meters per second (see helioseismology). Magnetic flux tubes that are tilted away from the vertical can focus and guide the rising material up into the solar atmosphere to form a spicule. There is still however some controversy about the issue in the solar physics community.

Literature

 * De Pontieu, B., Erdélyi, R. and James, S: Solar chromospheric spicules from the leakage of photospheric oscillations and flows In: Nature. 430/2004, p. 536–539,

title: Solar spicule


text:
User talk:Broo

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Unreferenced BLPs
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title: User talk:Broo


text:
User:Paul Anthony Lisanti

ROY THINNES American Actor b.April 6, 1938 Chicago, Illinois

Roy Thinnes was born in Chicago in 1938. He is a superb actor, and really took to his craft seriously. He starred in several series,the most reknown being the 1967-1968 season, entitled, "The Invaders." Although, he was somewhat typecast from then on, he engaged in a variety of roles, from commercial air pilot to psychiatrist. Each time, convincingly serious, evoking a character of trust, the almost boring, but true blue American hero; not the smart-alek, wise-cracking, lawyer-type, as we are so subjected to in today's hero cast; but from a genre that should be held in high esteem, as should this fine performer's contributions to movies and television.

His heritage is from Nancy, France; and Germany.

title: User:Paul Anthony Lisanti


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User:Mervynl

Hi, interested in Capital Markets etc.

title: User:Mervynl


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Jr. Pac-Man

Jr. Pac-Man is an arcade video game developed by General Computer Corporation and released by Bally Midway in 1983. It has the same gameplay as prior entries in the series, but the maze in Jr. Pac-Man scrolls horizontally and has no escape tunnels. The bonus item which moves around the maze changes dots into a form which slows Jr. Pac-Man as they are being eaten.

Gameplay

The core gameplay of Jr. Pac-Man is similar to its predecessors. The player controls the eponymous Jr. Pac-Man (who wears an animated propeller beanie), and scores points by eating all of the dots in the maze, while four ghosts (Blinky, Pinky, Inky, and Tim, who replaces Clyde) chase him around the maze and attempt to catch him. Eating a power pellet turns the ghosts blue, briefly allowing the player to eat them for extra points. Once the maze is cleared, a new maze is presented and the gameplay continues.

The mazes are now twice the width of the monitor and scroll horizontally. A total of seven mazes appear throughout the game, and five of them have six power pellets instead of four, but none of them have tunnels that wrap around from one side of the screen to the other.

Bonus items (such as tricycles, kites, and balloons) appear in each round, starting above the ghosts' lair and moving around the maze as in Ms. Pac-Man. As an item encounters dots, it changes them into larger ones that award more points but slow Jr. Pac-Man down while he is eating them. After a certain length of time, the item will move toward one of the remaining power pellets (if any) and explode on contact if not eaten, destroying both itself and the pellet. Contact between Jr. Pac-Man and a non-vulnerable ghost costs the player one life and makes any large dots either disappear or revert to normal ones, depending on how many dots overall are left in the maze.

The between-level intermissions show the developing relationship between Jr. Pac-Man and a small red ghost named Yum-Yum who is apparently the daughter of Blinky.

Development
Tim Hoskins worked at General Computer Corporation (GCC) as Jr. Pac-Man's project lead. Hoskins recalled that GCC's founder Doug Macrae came up with the idea, referring to the game as Pac-Baby in his project notes. Macrae echoed this, adding that "Junior Arriving" had been an intermission scene in Ms. Pac-Man. As Pac-Man and Jr. Pac-Man were what Macrae described as "huge successes", the continued with the series. During this period in arcade development, they had the option to develop the game as a new arcade cabinet or implement a new hardware kit. Macrae had a plan to edit the original Pac-Man kits, implementing horizontal scrolling and changing the collectible fruits to toys.

Just like with Ms. Pac-Man, there was no source code available to the team to develop the game, requiring the team to reverse-engineer Pac-Man from ROM dumps. Unlike Ms. Pac-Man, which was developed in a few weeks, Jr. Pac-Man took months to make. The scrolling play area led to difficulties handling off-screen objects, such as the ghosts. When investigating the Pac-Man ROM, the developers found unused elements such as a "fat dot" and another that resembled a flame, inspiring features in the new game. They introduced a fat dot that slowed the player down more than regular dots when Jr. Pac-Man ate them but which was worth more points. For the bouncing toys, they thought of the flame items they discovered and decided to implement an explosion when the fat dot interacted with a power pellet, giving the player urgency to collect the toy item before risking losing a power pellet. Upon the player's death, the fat dots would vanish, rewarding skilled players who avoided losing them.

The team also adjusted graphics from the original game, giving Jr. Pac-Man a twirling beanie-cap and giving the game a lower-case font. The group experimented with several ways to show the characters death-sequence, eventually settling on having him shrink down only leaving his beanie-cap. Earlier experiments were coarser, including having Jr. Pac-Man pause then slowly ooze a red substance before the top of his body fell off. The team described creating the new intermissions as difficult, involving creating new graphics and software to drive them.

The game would be the final Pac-Man game made by GCC. Hoskins envisioned other ideas to potentially make as a follow-up, such as a Pac-Man game from a first-person perspective, but this was never made.

Ports
The Atari 2600 version of the game was programmed in 1984 by Ava Robin-Cohen of GCC. The game was not released until 1986 when the Atari 2600 was experiencing what game historian Brett Weiss described as "a resurgence of sorts" after Nintendo had success in the marketplace with the Nintendo Entertainment System. Atari had just re-released the system as a smaller budget-priced revision in 1986. Jr. Pac-Man was released for the Atari 2600 in October 1986.

Ports for the Atari 5200 and the Atari 8-bit computers were finished in 1984, but were scrapped along with Super Pac-Man when the home divisions of Atari were sold to Jack Tramiel.

An unofficial port for the Atari 7800 was published in 2009 by AtariAge.

title: Jr. Pac-Man