text:
Talk:List of anniversary names

True or false: some unspecified registered Wikipedian can come up with more names to add to this list. 66.245.2.190 16:44, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Can anyone think of a perfect name for 250 the same way sesquicentennial is for 150?? 66.245.94.89 23:47, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Sestercentennial Is suggested at the Anniversary page Anniversary — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jawitkien (talk • contribs) 19:34, 27 March 2022 (UTC)

True or false??
True or false: demisesquicentennial should be removed from this article (at least the link) because it could be deleted soon. (Source: Vfd) 66.245.102.198 20:29, 1 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Why should it be deleted? It is a perfectly good word that I have seen used on websites such as on page 16 of the Rice University newspaper describing a concert.

https://scholarship.rice.edu/bitstream/handle/1911/67828/thr19880212.pdf?sequence=1

Jawitkien (talk) 19:37, 27 March 2022 (UTC)

SimonP's work
SimonP has been making the anniversary names re-direct to Anniversary. Can anyone have a discussion about whether the anniversary names should be linked?? 66.245.112.43 22:27, 1 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of anniversary names


text:
Expedition 10

Expedition 10 (2004–2005) was the tenth expedition to the International Space Station, using the Soyuz TMA-5, which stayed during the expedition for emergency evacuation.

Mission parameters

 * Perigee: 384 km
 * Apogee: 396 km
 * Inclination: 51.6°
 * Orbital period: 92 min

Mission objectives
Chiao and Sharipov docked at the Space Station on 16 October 2004 aboard Soyuz TMA-5, to relieve Expedition 9 crewmates Mike Fincke and Gennady Padalka. Chiao was the expedition commander and NASA science officer, and Sharipov was the Soyuz commander and flight engineer. Both Astronauts were researchers in the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity Project.

Notable accomplishments included replacing critical hardware in the Quest Joint Airlock; repairing U.S. spacesuits; and submitting a scientific research paper on ultrasound use in space. Chiao was also the first astronaut to vote in a U.S. Presidential election from space.

Notable events

The launch of Expedition 10 was rescheduled. During preflight testing, an explosive bolt was accidentally activated on the Soyuz TMA-5 spacecraft. The resulting damage caused was repaired and the mission launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on 14 October 2004.

During the Expedition 10 mission, two Progress supply spacecraft docked with the International Space Station. The first (Progress 51) docked on 25 December 2004 followed by the second (Progress 52) on 28 February 2005.

European Space Agency Astronaut Roberto Vittori of Italy launched to the Station with the Expedition 11 crew and spent eight days onboard performing scientific experiments. Vittori returned to Earth with the Expedition 10 crew. He was aboard under a contract between ESA and the Russian Federal Space Agency.

The re-entry of the Soyuz TMA-5 spacecraft was perfect, returning the astronauts to Earth 53 miles northeast of the town of Arkalyk after 192 days, 19 hours and 2 minutes in space. The recovery team reached the capsule in minutes.

Crew
Chiao is a veteran of three Space Shuttle flights, and spent 13 hours on two spacewalks in 2000 as part of a construction mission at the Station. Sharipov has logged over 211 hours in space. He served as a mission specialist on the Shuttle during the eighth Shuttle-Mir docking mission in 1998.

Spacewalks
The Expedition 10 crew completed two spacewalks, including experiment installation and tasks to prepare the Station for the arrival of the new European Automated Transfer Vehicle in 2006. Instead, the Automated Transfer Vehicle came in 2008. The first spacewalk took place on 26 January 2005 and the second on 28 March 2005.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Expedition 10


text:
Warren D. Huff

Warren D. Huff (born April 16, 1937) is Professor of Geology at the University of Cincinnati (UC). He specializes in clay mineralogy, researching the remnants of ancient volcanic eruptions.

He received his BA from Harvard College, 1959 and his PhD from University of Cincinnati, 1963. He has served as assistant professor at UC 1963-1969, associate professor 1969-1985, full professor 1985 to date. He teaches introductory geology sequence.

Member of the Geological Society of America, Society for Sedimentary Geology, The Clay Minerals Society (and associate editor of their journal), the Mineralogical Society of America.

title: Warren D. Huff


text: Talk:Bharatanatyam

title: Talk:Bharatanatyam


text:
User:PedanticallySpeaking/Archive0

Deleted old material today. PedanticallySpeaking 17:22, Apr 28, 2005 (UTC)

title: User:PedanticallySpeaking/Archive0


text:
Women's 100 metres world record progression

The first world record in the 100 metres sprint for women was recognised by the Fédération Sportive Féminine Internationale (FSFI) in 1922. The FSFI was absorbed by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) in 1936. The current record is 10.49 seconds set by Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988.

To June 21, 2009, the IAAF (and the FSFI before it) have ratified 43 world records in the event.

Records 1922–1976
The "Wind" column in the table below indicates the wind assistance in metres per second. 2.0 m/s is the current maximum allowable, and a negative value indicates that the mark was set against a headwind. the "Auto" column indicates a fully automatic time that was also recorded in the event when hand-timed marks were used for official records, or which was the basis for the official mark, rounded to the 10th or 100th of a second, depending on the rules then in place. A "y" indicates a distance measured in yards and ratified as a world record in this event.

Records from 1975
From 1975, the IAAF accepted separate automatically electronically timed records for events up to 400 metres. Starting January 1, 1977, the IAAF required fully automatic timing to the hundredth of a second for these events.

Wyomia Tyus's 1968 Olympic gold medal performance and Renate Stecher's 1972 Olympic championship win, both in 11.07, were the fastest recorded fully electronic 100-metre races to that time and were ratified as world records. However, Tyus's 11.07 was later adjusted to 11.08.

 * There is controversy over Griffith-Joyner's world record as questions have been raised as to whether the wind actually was zero, as indicated by the trackside anemometer. The triple-jump anemometer, some 10 metres away, read 4.3 m/s, more than double the acceptable limit. Despite the controversy, the record was ratified by the IAAF.

Had this mark been ignored, the progression would have continued as follows:


text:
Talk:Centennial (disambiguation)

Untitled
True or false: this article belongs at Centennial (disambiguation) with centennial being a re-direct to anniversary. 66.245.2.190 16:50, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)

It would ne nice if it was a registered user doing this, but yes it is true!!!User:SatuSuro 15:51, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

definitely! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 141.238.15.52 (talk • contribs)

American Centennial
An admin vandalized the american centennial article. Would another admin please fix it?Scourgeofsmallishinsects 15:05, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

Requested move 30 July 2015

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved (pending deletion of target). — kwami (talk) 17:38, 6 August 2015 (UTC)

Centennial (disambiguation) → Centennial – It is unreasonable not to redirect to the disambiguation page, since there are several meanings for this word. Redirecting to Century is arbitrary and does not allow of the alternative options. Furthermore the disambiguation page already exists and is well-populated with options. Zeamays (talk) 05:44, 30 July 2015 (UTC)

 * Comment should be the other way around 76.120.162.73 (talk) 17:23, 30 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Comment: This issue has been fixed. Steel1943  (talk) 19:12, 30 July 2015 (UTC)

 * Support per WP:NOTDICT. The word should guide readers toward encyclopedically relevant topics of that name, not merely an etymologically related word.  —  AjaxSmack   02:29, 5 August 2015 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

 * Hi, I am coming from wp:DPL, a group of editors focusing on disambiguation. Yikes, the move just broke 342 incoming links!  I.E., there are 342 Wikipedia pages linking to Centennial, where they mean a 100th year anniversary.  I gather that Centennial used to redirect to Anniversary, which I agree would not have been exactly correct.  What is needed instead, is for Centennial to be a broad concept page on the primary meaning of centennial as a word, which makes a better target for all of those 342 inbound links.  The page can/should include examples of specific ones, as in a set index article or stand-alone list.  See wp:DABCONCEPT for explanation/guidance.  Note that articles are not allowed to link to disambiguation pages.  All 342 articles would need to be edited to direct to some other target (where?) if Centennial (or its redirect target) is no longer appropriate.
 * So I hope you don't terribly mind, but I have Boldly moved back the Centennial (disambiguation) and I have started (re-started?) a page at Centennial. This is, otherwise, a minor emergency, as the 342 incorrect inbound links shows up at top of urgent problems in wp:DPL reports.  I will certainly watch for comments/discussion here!  Sincerely, -- do  ncr  am  11:25, 7 August 2015 (UTC)
 * User:doncram, thank you for your bold action. I am not in favour of the CONCEPTDAB page that you created as a permanent fix as most of the articles seem only tangentially connected to the base meaning of centennial but it should remain in place until the incoming links are fixed.  I think that many of these links are cases of overlinking (i.e. linking "everyday words understood by most readers in context") and can simply be eliminated —  AjaxSmack   02:35, 8 August 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Centennial (disambiguation)


text:
Humpback

Humpback may refer to:

 * Humpback whale
 * Humpback dolphin
 * Humpback salmon
 * Humpback bridge
 * Humpback, a common name for the fish Chanodichthys dabryi
 * Humpback, a variant of hunchback
 * Hump Back (Japanese band), a three-member all-female Japanese rock band

title: Humpback


text:
E. C. George Sudarshan

Ennackal Chandy George Sudarshan (also known as E. C. G. Sudarshan; 16 September 1931 – 13 May 2018) was an Indian American theoretical physicist and a professor at the University of Texas. Prof.Sudarshan has been credited with numerous contributions to the field of theoretical physics, including Glauber–Sudarshan P representation, V-A theory, tachyons, quantum Zeno effect, open quantum system and quantum master equations, spin–statistics theorem, non-invariance groups, positive maps of density matrices, and quantum computation.

Early life
Ennackal Chandy George Sudarshan was born in Pallom, Kottayam, Travancore, British India. He was raised in a Syrian Christian family, but later left the religion and converted to Hinduism following his marriage. He married Lalita Rau on December 20, 1954, and they have three sons, Alexander, Arvind (deceased) and Ashok. George and Lalita were divorced in 1990 and he married Bhamathi Gopalakrishnan in Austin, Texas.

He studied at CMS College Kottayam, and graduated with honors from the Madras Christian College in 1951. He obtained his master's degree at the University of Madras in 1952. He moved to Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) and worked there for a brief period with Dr. Homi Bhabha as well as others. Subsequently, he moved to University of Rochester in New York to work under Prof.Robert Marshak as a graduate student. In 1958, he received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Rochester. At this point he moved to Harvard University to join Prof. Julian Schwinger as a postdoctoral fellow.

Career
Dr. Sudarshan made significant contributions to several areas of physics. He was the originator (with Robert Marshak) of the V-A theory of the weak force (later propagated by Richard Feynman and Murray Gell-Mann), which eventually paved the way for the electroweak theory. Feynman acknowledged Sudarshan's contribution in 1963 stating that the V-A theory was discovered by Sudarshan and Marshak and publicized by Gell-Mann and himself. He also developed a quantum representation of coherent light later known as Glauber–Sudarshan representation (for which controversially Glauber was awarded the 2005 Nobel prize in Physics ignoring Sudarshan's contributions). Sudarshan's most significant work may have been his contribution to the field of quantum optics. His theorem proves the equivalence of classical wave optics to quantum optics. The theorem makes use of the Sudarshan representation. This representation also predicts optical effects that are purely quantum, and cannot be explained classically. Sudarshan was also advocate for the existence of tachyons, particles that travel faster than light. He developed a fundamental formalism called dynamical maps to study the theory of open quantum system. He, in collaboration with Baidyanath Misra, also proposed the quantum Zeno effect.

Sudarshan and collaborators initiated the "Quantum theory of charged-particle beam optics", by working out the focusing action of a magnetic quadrupole using the Dirac equation.

He taught at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), University of Rochester, Syracuse University, and Harvard. From 1969 onwards, he was a professor of physics at the University of Texas at Austin and a senior professor at the Indian Institute of Science. He worked as the director of the Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc), Chennai, India, for five years during the 1980s dividing his time between India and USA. During his tenure, he transformed it into a centre of excellence. He also met and held many discussions with philosopher J. Krishnamurti. He was felicitated on his 80th birthday, at IMSc Chennai on 16 September 2011. His areas of interest included elementary particle physics, quantum optics, quantum information, quantum field theory, gauge field theories, classical mechanics and foundations of physics. He was also deeply interested in Vedanta, on which he lectured frequently.

Controversy regarding Nobel Prize
Sudarshan began working on quantum optics at the University of Rochester in 1960. Two years later, Glauber criticized the use of classical electromagnetic theory in explaining optical fields, which surprised Sudarshan because he believed the theory provided accurate explanations. Sudarshan subsequently wrote a paper expressing his ideas and sent a preprint to Glauber. Glauber informed Sudarshan of similar results and asked to be acknowledged in the latter's paper, while criticizing Sudarshan in his own paper. "Glauber criticized Sudarshan’s representation, but his own was unable to generate any of the typical quantum optics phenomena, hence he introduces what he calls a P-representation, which was Sudarshan’s representation by another name", wrote a physicist. "This representation, which had at first been scorned by Glauber, later becomes known as the Glauber–Sudarshan representation."

Sudarshan was passed over for the Physics Nobel Prize on more than one occasion, leading to controversy in 2005 when several physicists wrote to the Swedish Academy, protesting that Sudarshan should have been awarded a share of the Prize for the Sudarshan diagonal representation (also known as Glauber–Sudarshan representation) in quantum optics, for which Roy J. Glauber won his share of the prize. Sudarshan and other physicists sent a letter to the Nobel Committee claiming that the P representation had more contributions of "Sudarshan" than "Glauber". The letter goes on to say that Glauber criticized Sudarshan's theory—before renaming it the "P representation" and incorporating it into his own work. In an unpublished letter to The New York Times, Sudarshan calls the "Glauber–Sudarshan representation" a misnomer, adding that "literally all subsequent theoretic developments in the field of Quantum Optics make use of" Sudarshan's work— essentially, asserting that he had developed the breakthrough.

In 2007, Prof.Sudarshan told the Hindustan Times, "The 2005 Nobel prize for Physics was awarded for my work, but I wasn't the one to get it. Each one of the discoveries that this Nobel was given for work based on my research." Sudarshan also commented on not being selected for the 1979 Nobel, "Steven Weinberg, Sheldon Glashow and Abdus Salam built on work I had done as a 26-year-old student. If you give a prize for a building, shouldn’t the fellow who built the first floor be given the prize before those who built the second floor?"

Awards

 * Honorary doctorate by University of Kerala
 * Kerala Sastra Puraskaram for lifetime accomplishments in science, 2013
 * Dirac Medal of the ICTP, 2010
 * Padma Vibhushan, second highest civilian award from the Government of India, 2007
 * Majorana Prize, 2006
 * Presidential Citation Award from the University of Texas at Austin, 2006
 * The first TWAS Prize in Physics awarded by the World Academy of Sciences, 1985
 * Bose Medal, 1977
 * Padma Bhushan, third highest civilian award from the Government of India, 1976
 * C. V. Raman Award, 1970

Books

 * 1961: (with Robert Marshak) Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics, Interscience Publishers, Google Books snippet view
 * 1968: (with John R. Klauder) Fundamentals of Quantum Optics, Dover Books ISBN 0486450082 Google Books preview of 2006 edition
 * 1974: (with N. Mukunda) Classical Dynamics: a modern perspective, World Scientific ISBN 9814730017 Google Books preview of 2015 edition
 * 1998: (with Ian Duck) Pauli and the Spin–Statistics Theorem, World Scientific, ISBN 9814497452 Google Books preview
 * 1999: (with Tony Rothman) Doubt and Certainty: The celebrated academy debates on science, mysticism, and reality, Basic Books ISBN 0738201693
 * 2004: (with Giampiero Esposito and Giuseppe Marmo) From Classical to Quantum Mechanics: An Introduction to the Formalism, Foundations and Applications, Cambridge University Press ISBN 1139450549 Google Books preview
 * 2014: (with Giampiero Esposito, Giuseppe Marmo, and Gennaro Miele) Advanced Concepts in Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge University Press ISBN 9781107076044

title: E. C. George Sudarshan


text:
User talk:D3h 3l33t (484I r00lz

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Follow the Simplified Ruleset
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Could you please write your edit summaries in plain English? They would be much more helpful than the leetspeak summaries that you are currently using. Thanks. Guanaco 17:05, Aug 6, 2004 (UTC)

 * U zh0ULD 83 gr34Tphhu1 zz@T 3y3 d0 N0t #r!te zz3m !N |<L!N90N!!!! &nd zz@t 3Y3 M 3D!T!N9 d3h 4RT!(L3ZZZ zzz3mz31v3zz 1n uR 3NN9L!zh33!!!  R U 90!N9 2 84N M3 2 d3h http://l33t.wikipedia.org n0\/\/?

 * D3h 3l33t (484I r00lz

Umm... http://l33t.wikipedia.org doesn't exist... Wait! Let me change it! https://133t.wikipedia.org/Main_Page

J00 ґ0җҗ0я
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Maybe you could write according to L33t standards? I probably didn't up there, but |)4//'/\/, that's hard to read. Also, when are you going to start http://l33t.wikipedia.org as promised? --Me at work 21:44, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC)

3y3 4/\/\ 4 |)0|_|(374R|)!!!11111

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/-/1, 1 3)173d j00r u53rp4g3 70 4dd 4 84831 80x 7h1/\/gy, 50 p30p13 (4/\/ 533 \/\//-/47 14/\/gu4g35 j00 (4/\/ 5p34k. j00 /\/\4y \/\/4/\/7 70 3d17 1t 1f 1 5(r3\/\/3|) up! 8y 7h3 \/\/4y, lol, /\/1(3 u53r/\/4/\/\3. -- Phroziac  ( talk ) 18:36, September 1, 2005 (UTC)

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Want to learn English?
I saw that all of your summaries are in leetspeak. Want me to teach you English? If yes, send an e-mail to nintendofanbrad@aol.com.

Dude, Lame.
That's messed up. I mean, it gets tireing reading leet, but come on. That was low.

\X/+|=

 * \|[)@`/ 3+|-|@`/ 01|\|+|*@`/ $1@`/? -- ∞@

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Put nonsense into BJAODN (nonsense edits of user into BJAODN!)
You should put these nonsense stuff into this nonsense vandalism. --2001:56A:774D:8F00:C501:F8E:F37A:CDD4 (talk) 03:11, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

stop speaking leetspeak! --2001:56A:774D:8F00:C501:F8E:F37A:CDD4 (talk) 03:15, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

Leet
What the heck is this do you speak --2001:56A:774D:8F00:C501:F8E:F37A:CDD4 (talk) 06:20, 5 April 2020 (UTC)

 * This is page is quite funny! "1 s933|{ 1337" guess that (NO, I DO NOT!) -- L10nM4st3r (talk) 15:16, 5 July 2022 (UTC)
 * That was me, actually. Misc Practice (talk) 18:21, 23 October 2022 (UTC)

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Eioua (talk) 01:06, 5 March 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:D3h 3l33t (484I r00lz


text:
Bathocyroe fosteri

Bathocyroe fosteri is a species of lobate ctenophore found at intermediate depths in all the world's oceans. The species is very common and abundant near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It is bioluminescent, and is typically observed hanging motionlessly in an upright or inverted posture although it can flap its oral lobes to swim. This deep-sea comb jelly is named for Alvin (DSV-2) pilot Dudley Foster, who collected the first specimens.

Description
Bathocyroe fosteri is mostly transparent with red pigmented inner gut walls. It has short comb rows and measures 2–4 cm across the oral lobes. These oral lobes are used to contain prey until they are drawn into the gut with its tentacles.

title: Bathocyroe fosteri


text:
Aristeia

An aristeia or aristia (ἀριστεία, "excellence") is a scene in the dramatic conventions of epic poetry as in the Iliad, where a hero in battle has his finest moments (aristos = "best"). Aristeia may result in the death of the hero, and therefore suggests a "battle in which he reaches his peak as a fighter and hero".

Historical background
In the pre-hoplite phase of Greek military evolution, the well-armed aristocrat was the major focus of military action, placed at the apex of his less well-armed dependants. This was reflected in the Homeric division between nobility and commoners, and in the regular epic struggles over the armour of the former, once fallen in their aristeia.

Classical hoplite armies, though very different, nevertheless still awarded prizes (aristeia) for individual excellence in action.

Epic examples
Literally, "moment of excellence", aristeiai often coincide with battleground slaughter, and feature one warrior who dominates the battle.

 * Aristeiai abound in Homer's Iliad, the peak being Achilles' aristeia in Books 20–22 where he almost single-handedly routs the Trojan army and then goes on to kill its champion Hector. Achilles' "extended and phenomenal solo performances in battle" are shown in the epic's "longest and most murderous" series of events. Other instances of this phenomenon in the Iliad are found in Diomedes' "preeminent deeds" in battle while empowered by Athena (Books 5 and 6, the longest after Achilles' from Book 20–22), Hector's leading of the Trojan assault on the Achaian camp in Book 8 (with the help of Zeus), Agamemnon's aristeia in Book 11 where his rampage prompts Zeus to warn Hector against meeting him in battle, as well as Patroclus' aristeia in Book 16, which ultimately leads to his demise at the hands of Hector. Book 16 illustrates how aristeiai often fit into the "epic overextension" of battles: the arming of the warriors, the march into battle, the initial clash, the intense exchanges, and the retreat of one of the armies—often leading to a hero's opportunity for his aristeia.

 * In Book 22 of the Odyssey, Greek hero Odysseus slaughters all of the suitors in his palace in another homeric display of martial excellence. Aristeia also suggests the qualities of the hero that make his great deeds possible, such as Odysseus' polymetis ("cunning intelligence") that allows him to triumph over the Cyclops Polyphemus in Book 9 of the Odyssey.

 * Aristeia is also seen, to some extent, in the Aeneid, when Nisus and Euryalus leave the Trojan defences in Book 9 to slaughter the Latin captains while they sleep. It also features in Book 10, when Mezentius takes the place of Turnus and strikes down all in his path: it draws upon Homeric models, using a simile. Camilla also has an aristeia in Book 11 killing twelve opponents, but ends with her death.

 * In Paradise Lost, Books V and VI see the most individual moments of battlefield domination (aristeia), associated with (for example) the figure of Abdiel.

Recent examples
In the film 300, individual Spartan deaths are often portrayed as a Homeric aristeia.

title: Aristeia


text:
Category talk:Norse gods

gender
I don't agree with segregating dieties by gender, and find these sub-sub catagories unhelpful. Lets just put everything in "norse mythology". Sam [Spade] 16:54, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Norse gods


text:
Talk:List of Indian film actresses

Untitled
True or false: it is a good idea to avoid the use of the word "actress" entirely in Wikipedia articles because it is sexist language. 66.245.2.190 16:57, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Refer discussion at Talk:List_of_female_movie_actors. Jay 17:29, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Should I go through and remove the red links? The names would still be there, just not the linking to non-exsistant pages. Best regards.--Song 00:59, 13 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, I did it.--Song 04:01, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

Is it the standard Indian practice that people are alphabetized by forename instead of by surname? -07:23, 20 August 2007 (UTC) —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

Why is Julie Christie included in this list? She appears to have been born in India, but her acting credits do not include a single Indian Film. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 206.16.32.135 (talk) 14:03, 22 March 2008 (UTC)

you had to add some of the heroines which u r not added....................
for example they r few indraja, alfonsa she is from kerala , vani viswanath  and some other heroines which u did not added, but i had to tell u that i had just told some of them and some r their i can't remember so just add them also bye......................... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 117.200.11.197 (talk) 19:02, 28 January 2012 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 13 March 2018
The list misses names starting with 'T'. Instead names starting with 'S' are repeated twice. Is it possible to update the names starting with 'T'? 124.124.36.130 (talk) 08:48, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * This edit by User:Mirzarashaad replaced the names starting with 'T' with names starting with 'S'. Gulumeemee (talk) 09:21, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done I've put back in the letter 'T' column along with all of its contents based on the last time the letter T was visible in the article, which was approximately November 2017. I also deleted the extra letter S column and its contents.      Spintendo       10:09, 13 March 2018 (UTC)

The name of Deepika Padukone is not on the list.

..
For the above discussion, User:Gulumeemee Sorry for the inconvenience caused. I was trying to add the actress Sunayana Fozdar to the list using the Wikipedia app. But things messed out, and I didn't even come to know. Rashaad Mirza (talk) 05:50, 16 March 2018 (UTC)
 * ❌ This article is an List of Indian film actresses, Sunayana Fozdar is TV actress.

Semi-protected edit request on 31 March 2019
37.111.128.17 (talk) 19:28, 31 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. – Þjarkur (talk) 19:29, 31 March 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 2 September 2019
Suggest adding "Nora Fatehi" to the list. The wiki page for her (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nora_Fatehi) describes her as an "actress and singer who has mainly appeared in Hindi films" and contains a filmography showing she has acted in Indian movies.

Her page on IMDB (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6598222/) describes her as an "actress and producer, known for Baahubali: The Beginning (2015), Roar (2014) and Batla House (2019)." LarryTru (talk) 21:41, 2 September 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done NiciVampireHeart 20:20, 12 September 2019 (UTC)

Children actress
Is this list contain children actress? Thanks! ⇒ Aram  Talk  15:15, 9 March 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 23 July 2020
2409:4072:6E8E:187D:5DCA:3525:9CA6:591C (talk) 12:27, 23 July 2020 (UTC) Please upload the images the three languages lead actresses example Bollywood Deepika padukone, kollywood Nayanthara, Tollywood Samantha and also add Vani Bhojan name please add
 * , Vani Bhojan added. I don't think images are necessary. ◢  Ganbaruby!   (Say hi!) 15:05, 23 July 2020 (UTC)

 * Please upload the images the three languages lead actresses Jyothika, Urvashi, Nayantara, Simran etc. Stoopingspring (talk) 13:06, 20 June 2024 (UTC)

Ganbaruby! Please upload the picture the leading actresses in Bollywood, kollywood, Tollywood and mollywood. Please upload please Eswnav (talk) 03:35, 24 July 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 29 November 2020
AFernando1998 (talk) 02:56, 29 November 2020 (UTC) shubha khote
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. --TheImaCow (talk) 05:26, 29 November 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 June 2021
Please add Urvashi Rautela to the list. She is also an Indian film actress, and quite famous. 42.110.158.30 (talk) 04:17, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Ben  ❯❯❯  Talk  05:10, 5 June 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 June 2021
Please add Suvalakshmi and Sameera Reddy to the list Durairaj John (talk) 06:13, 30 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 10:58, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 1 July 2021
The actress name 'Yami Gautam' and 'Surveen Chawla' is repeated and possibly many other names are also repeated. I hope this will help others, I try to suggest many edits on different websites, and a maximum of them are useful for others. Shreyas Bahadure (talk) 12:48, 1 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 12:54, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

Niyati fatnani
41.114.228.86 (talk) 13:30, 27 September 2021 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Eevee01(talk) 14:21, 27 September 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 01 April 2022
Please add Nivetha Thomas and Priyanka Arul Mohan to the list. 2409:4072:78B:5337:3C0B:545F:4D6E:E437 (talk) 10:55, 1 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 April 2022
Please add Nivetha Thomas, Priyanka Arul Mohan, Priya Bhavani Shankar and Saranya Ponvannan to the list. They were actress and quite famous. 2409:4071:4E8B:B16A:4ACF:108B:3B3:DB08 (talk) 03:40, 5 April 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ as they all seemed eligible - thanks for the suggestions - Arjayay (talk) 14:28, 5 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 April 2022 (2)
Please add Simran Bagga, Trisha Krishnan and Sayyeshaa Saigal in the list. 2409:4071:4E8D:B393:E745:D748:3BA7:DC01 (talk) 03:49, 5 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting wait.svg Already done Happy Editing-- IAm Chaos  05:46, 5 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 April 2022 (3)
Please remove Simran Bagga, Trisha Krishnan and Sayyeshaa Saigal in the list. It was repeated two times. 2409:4071:4E8D:B393:BC24:77DC:8FBF:C6E6 (talk) 04:07, 5 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: They are only in the list once. Happy Editing-- IAm Chaos  05:47, 5 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 April 2022 (4)
Please add Asin Thottumkal in the list. She is also a Indian actress and quite famous. 2409:4071:4E8B:B16A:F5AC:6E96:9E61:E503 (talk) 05:51, 5 April 2022 (UTC)
 * ❌ - she is already on the list, and was when you made this request - Arjayay (talk) 14:22, 5 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 April 2022 (5)
Please remove Asin Thottumkal in the list.It was repeated two times. 2409:4071:4E8B:B16A:F5AC:6E96:9E61:E503 (talk) 05:53, 5 April 2022 (UTC)
 * ❌ - she is only on the list once, and was when you made this request - Arjayay (talk) 14:23, 5 April 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 April 2022
Please add Sowcar Janaki, Latha, Poornima Bhagyaraj, Rohini, Athulya Ravi, Nivetha Pethuraj and Kalyani Priyadarshan in the list. 2409:4072:410:2A98:5CBD:E48E:E3DC:6537 (talk) 03:00, 6 April 2022 (UTC)

 * ✅ — CAPTAIN JTK (talk) 15:09, 1 May 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 21 April 2022
103.21.127.80 (talk) 05:00, 21 April 2022 (UTC) bhavna khatri acted in badi door se aaye hai
 * - She is a TV actress, not a film actress — CAPTAIN JTK (talk) 15:37, 1 May 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 April 2022
Please add Sowkar Janaki, Athulya Ravi, Nivetha Pethuraj and Kalyani Priyadarshan in the list. 2409:4072:6D91:6FCA:C43C:F810:3354:B874 (talk) 06:38, 30 April 2022 (UTC)

 * — CAPTAIN JTK (talk) 15:16, 1 May 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 5 May 2022
Tana785yr (talk) 15:13, 5 May 2022 (UTC) Hi, I would like to add a few new actresses.
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 15:17, 5 May 2022 (UTC)

edit request
can we add Anna Kashfi? Hannah1981 (talk) 00:36, 16 December 2023 (UTC)

03363848722
obi b nasar 2401:BA80:A381:E847:7035:66FF:FEC5:462A (talk) 08:01, 28 April 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 June 2024
Recently the page got edited with not popular actress...need to change it with most versatile actresses Stoopingspring (talk) 12:49, 6 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Liu1126 (talk) 22:06, 6 June 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 9 June 2024

 * Need to be corrected with the images Stoopingspring (talk) 03:15, 9 June 2024 (UTC)

 * recently someone edited it with additional images of his/her likes...need to be corrected with much talented and veteran actresses. Stoopingspring (talk) 03:16, 9 June 2024 (UTC)

 * Sorry, what does this mean? What are you requesting be changed, specifically, and what should it be changed to? Tollens (talk) 09:08, 9 June 2024 (UTC)
 * More experienced and veteran actressess images are to be placed.but someone provided the page with image of their favouritism. Stoopingspring (talk) 13:04, 20 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Indian film actresses


text:
User:D3h 3l33t (484I r00lz

4h 1zzz 4 (!r(uM\/3nti0N D3v!(3, s0 !f 4h 1zzz rh!!D!N9 1n Urr K4R U m!9Ht 93T Bu5xxxed b/ d3h 3ff-B33-3Y3!!!!!!

title: User:D3h 3l33t (484I r00lz


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Jim Ryan

Jim Ryan may refer to:

Sports

 * Jim Ryan (linebacker) (born 1957), American football player
 * Jim Ryan (American football coach) (born 1975), American football coach
 * Jim Ryan (Australian footballer) (1918–2006), Australian rules footballer
 * Jim Ryan (footballer, born 1942), Welsh football (soccer) player
 * Jim Ryan (footballer, born 1945), Scottish football (soccer) player

Others

 * Jim Ryan (politician) (1946–2022), American politician from Illinois
 * Jim Ryan (reporter) (born 1939), reporter and television anchorman from New York
 * Jim Ryan (writer) (1936–2022), American screenwriter
 * Jim Ryan, president of Sony Interactive Entertainment

title: Jim Ryan


text:
Talk:Vladimir Nazlymov

Biography assessment rating comment
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title: Talk:Vladimir Nazlymov


text:
User:DoyceTesterman

Admin for Fireflywiki.org

title: User:DoyceTesterman


text:
Digory Kirke

Professor Digory Kirke is a fictional character from C. S. Lewis' fantasy series The Chronicles of Narnia. He appears in three of the seven books: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, The Magician's Nephew, and The Last Battle.

In the 2005 film The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, he is portrayed (as an adult) by Jim Broadbent.

The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy Pevensie stay with the character, referred to in this book only as "the Professor", at his great house in the country to escape the Blitz. A wardrobe in this house leads Lucy to Narnia; when her siblings do not believe her story, the Professor speaks to them wisely and shows them that she is logically likely to be telling the truth. At the end of the story, he reassures the children that they will return to Narnia one day.

The Voyage of the Dawn Treader
The Professor is mentioned only briefly and in passing, but it is here that his surname, Kirke, is first used.

The Magician's Nephew
Digory Kirke is a young boy who lives in Victorian London with his Uncle Andrew and Andrew's sister Aunt Letty, because his father is in India and his mother is deathly ill. Uncle Andrew has made magic rings that allow whoever wears them to travel to other worlds by passing through the Wood between the Worlds. He first tricks Digory's friend Polly Plummer into trying one; when she vanishes, he manipulates Digory into following her with another ring in order to bring her back. Reunited with Polly, and finding that they can return to London through the pool from which they emerged into the Wood, Digory persuades Polly to try one of the many other pools.

They find themselves in a lifeless world called Charn, over which a dying red sun hangs. They find a great hall full of wax figures, and a golden bell. Against Polly's vehement opposition, Digory rings the bell, thus waking Queen Jadis, the last living resident of Charn, from her self-imposed enchanted sleep. Despite their attempts to shake her, Jadis follows Digory and Polly back to London, intent on conquest, where she causes havoc for an afternoon. Digory resolves to take her back to Charn, but instead accidentally brings her (and Uncle Andrew and others) into the empty world of Narnia shortly before Aslan starts creating it. Once the world is created, Jadis flees from Aslan, who sends Digory to a mysterious locked garden in the far west to retrieve an apple which, once planted, will grow a tree that will lock Jadis out of Narnia for centuries; it also has the power to cure sickness and grant immortality.

After Digory's long journey by flying horse, he arrives with Polly to find Jadis already there. Jadis tempts Digory to eat his apple himself and take another to save his ill mother. Digory, after a struggle of conscience, takes the apple to Aslan and plants it as instructed. With Aslan's permission and blessing, Digory is allowed to take an apple from this tree back to his world to cure his mother. He plants the core in his garden, from which a new tree grows. Years later this tree is blown down by a storm and Digory uses its wood to build the wardrobe that becomes the portal to Narnia in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe.

The Last Battle
Prior to the events of the book, the now elderly Digory and Polly have been regularly meeting with the child protagonists of the other books in the series (excepting Susan) to reminisce about their adventures in Narnia. After the titular battle, they all meet again in the renewed Narnia in Aslan's Country. At the end of the book it is revealed that they have all been killed in a railway accident and are now in an eternal blessed afterlife.

Portrayals
Michael Aldridge played Digory in the 1988 BBC miniseries adaptation. Jim Broadbent played the character in the 2005 film.

title: Digory Kirke


text:
Anhydrite

Anhydrite, or anhydrous calcium sulfate, is a mineral with the chemical formula CaSO4. It is in the orthorhombic crystal system, with three directions of perfect cleavage parallel to the three planes of symmetry. It is not isomorphous with the orthorhombic barium (baryte) and strontium (celestine) sulfates, as might be expected from the chemical formulas. Distinctly developed crystals are somewhat rare, the mineral usually presenting the form of cleavage masses. The Mohs hardness is 3.5, and the specific gravity is 2.9. The color is white, sometimes greyish, bluish, or purple. On the best developed of the three cleavages, the lustre is pearly; on other surfaces it is glassy. When exposed to water, anhydrite readily transforms to the more commonly occurring gypsum, (CaSO4·2H2O) by the absorption of water. This transformation is reversible, with gypsum or calcium sulfate hemihydrate forming anhydrite by heating to around 200 °C under normal atmospheric conditions. Anhydrite is commonly associated with calcite, halite, and sulfides such as galena, chalcopyrite, molybdenite, and pyrite in vein deposits.

Occurrence
Anhydrite is most frequently found in evaporite deposits with gypsum; it was, for instance, first discovered in 1794 in a salt mine near Hall in Tirol. In this occurrence, depth is critical since nearer the surface anhydrite has been altered to gypsum by absorption of circulating ground water.

From an aqueous solution, calcium sulfate is deposited as crystals of gypsum, but when the solution contains an excess of sodium or potassium chloride, anhydrite is deposited if the temperature is above 40 °C. This is one method by which the mineral has been prepared artificially and is identical with its mode of origin in nature. The mineral is common in salt basins.

Tidal flat nodules
Anhydrite occurs in a tidal flat environment in the Persian Gulf sabkhas as massive diagenetic replacement nodules. Cross sections of these nodular masses have a netted appearance and have been referred to as chicken-wire anhydrite. Nodular anhydrite occurs as replacement of gypsum in a variety of sedimentary depositional environments.

Salt dome cap rocks
Massive amounts of anhydrite occur when salt domes form a caprock. Anhydrite is 1–3% of the minerals in salt domes and is generally left as a cap at the top of the salt when the halite is removed by pore waters. The typical cap rock is a salt, topped by a layer of anhydrite, topped by patches of gypsum, topped by a layer of calcite. Interaction of anhydrite with hydrocarbons at high temperature in oil fields can reduce sulfate into hydrogen sulfide (H2S) with a concomitant precipitation of calcite. The process is known as thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR).

Igneous rocks
Anhydrite has been found in some igneous rocks, for example in the intrusive dioritic pluton of El Teniente, Chile and in trachyandesite pumice erupted by El Chichón volcano, Mexico.

Naming history
The name anhydrite was given by A. G. Werner in 1804, because of the absence of water of crystallization, as contrasted with the presence of water in gypsum. Some obsolete names for the species are muriacite and karstenite; the former, an earlier name, being given under the impression that the substance was a chloride (muriate). A peculiar variety occurring as contorted concretionary masses is known as tripe-stone, and a scaly granular variety, from Volpino, near Bergamo, in Lombardy, as vulpinite; the latter is cut and polished for ornamental purposes.

A semi-transparent light blue-grey variety from Peru is referred to by the trade name angelite.

Other uses
The Catalyst Science Discovery Centre in Widnes, England, has a relief carving of an anhydrite kiln, made from a piece of anhydrite, for the United Sulphuric Acid Corporation.

Extensive structural damage in the German city of Staufen im Breisgau has occurred since a 2007 geothermal drilling project allowed subsurface water to invade a layer of anhydrite below the city, causing extensive but uneven ground swelling as pockets of the anhydrite converted to gypsum.

title: Anhydrite


text:
User talk:DoyceTesterman

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

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title: User talk:DoyceTesterman


text:
User:Chaosboy

Hi, I'm Chaosboy. If you would like to learn more about me, my xanga name is Chaosboy06.

title: User:Chaosboy


text:
List of rulers of the Ewe state of Anlo

The Ewe State of Anlo is headed by the Dutor. the traditional political and spiritual leader of the Anlos. The first Dutor, Torgbiga Wenya I was the founder of the Anlo Kingdom and instituted the clan system. He did this purposely for identification through the patrilineal system.

title: List of rulers of the Ewe state of Anlo


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Berek Joselewicz

Berek Joselewicz (17 September 1764 – 15 May 1809) was a Polish Jewish colonel of the Polish Army during the Kościuszko Uprising. Joselewicz commanded the first Jewish military formation in modern history excluding Prince Potemkin's Israelovsky Regiment. He was also a merchant and financial agent of the Polish magnate Prince Massalski.

Early life
Dow Baer (Berek) Joselewicz was born in Kretinga, in the Duchy of Samogitia of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, a member country of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He worked as a financial agent for a local Lithuanian magnate, the Lord of Kretinga and Bishop of Vilnius Prince Massalski. Joselewicz often travelled abroad in pursuit of various tasks, during which he learned to speak French. He spent some time in Paris during the beginning of the French Revolution, and it is thought that this may have later inspired him to join Tadeusz Kościuszko, who advocated similar causes of brotherhood and equality.

Kościuszko Uprising
Joselewicz initially served in the militia before petitioning Kościuszko for permission to form an all-Jewish unit. On September 17, 1794, Kościuszko officially announced the creation of the unit. Joselewicz, along with another Jew named Józef Aronowicz, issued a patriotic call-to-arms in Yiddish denouncing Russia and Prussia, eliciting hundreds of volunteers, mostly poor trade workers and artisans. Five hundred men were eventually accepted and formed into a. At Joselewicz's request, they were allowed to keep their religious customs, including access to kosher foods, abstaining from combat on the Sabbath when possible, and growing their beards. Joselewicz's unit was popularly known as "the Beardlings". They took part in the Battle of Praga, in which the unit was wiped out, with only a few men (including Joselewicz) surviving the battle. Joselewicz himself was taken prisoner by the Russians.

Polish Legions
After the defeat of the Kościuszko Uprising, Joselewicz left for Galicia and then for Italy. There he joined the Polish Legions under Henryk Dąbrowski. As a commander of a sabre company in Polish cavalry units, he fought in various battles of the Napoleonic Wars period. Among them were the battles of Trebbia, Novi, Hohenlinden, Austerlitz and Friedland.

Army of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw
He remained in the army as a squadron leader in the following the creation of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807. From 1807 he fought in various battles in Poland.

Austro-Polish War
He was killed in the Battle of Kock in 1809 during an encounter with a unit of Austrian hussars, and today his grave has become a popular tourist attraction.

Legacy
The historical Polish proverb "Perish like Berek at Kock" ("Zginął jak Berek pod Kockiem.") describes someone disappearing without a trace. Another historical folk song describes Berek: "'This was Berek, famous Jew, Man of duty, righteous Pole. Not with wine, not with swindle but with blood he paid for glory!'"Original text: "Był to Berek, sławny Żyd, Człek sumienny – Polak prawy. Nie kwaterką – ni szacherką, Lecz się krwią dorobił sławy!".

He was honored by a postage stamp as "A Jewish Fighter for Polish Freedom", issued jointly by Polish and Israeli postal services.

According to Derek Penslar, Berek was not a Polish patriot but rather "an adventurer and activist"."'Berek was not so much a Polish patriot as an adventurer and activist who sought to enhance his own personal honor as well as that of the Jews under his command. Although Berek is most famous for his service for Poland, in 1796 he proposed to the Habsburg emperor the raising of a corps of six thousand to eight thousand Jews who would be divided into cavalry and infantry units to fight against the French.”"

Awards
He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Virtuti Militari medal and the Legion of Honour with a Golden Cross for his merits.

Family
Berek's son, Józef Berkowicz (1789–1846), also fought in the Battle of Kock, and later served as a squadron chief during the November Uprising of 1830, during which he also attempted to convince Jewish soldiers to desert the Russian army and join the Poles. Berkowicz later moved to England and wrote a novel. Berek's widow and son received a pension until 1831.

title: Berek Joselewicz


text:
George H. Hitchings

George Herbert Hitchings (April 18, 1905 – February 27, 1998) was an American medical doctor who shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sir James Black and Gertrude Elion "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment", Hitchings specifically for his work on chemotherapy.

Education and early life
Hitchings was born in Hoquiam, Washington, in 1905, and grew up there, in Berkeley, California, San Diego, Bellingham, Washington, and Seattle. He graduated from Seattle's Franklin High School, where he was salutatorian, in 1923, and from there went to the University of Washington, from which he graduated with a degree in chemistry cum laude in 1927, after having been elected to Phi Beta Kappa as a junior the year before. That summer, he worked at the university's Puget Sound Biological Station at Friday Harbor on San Juan Island, and received a master's degree the next year for his thesis based on that work.

From the University of Washington, Hitchings went to Harvard University as a teaching fellow, ending up at Harvard Medical School. Before getting his Ph.D. in 1933, he joined Alpha Chi Sigma in 1929.

Career and research
Following his PhD, he worked at Harvard and Case Western Reserve University. In 1942, he went to work for Wellcome Research Laboratories at Tuckahoe, where he began working with Gertrude Elion in 1944. Drugs Hitchings' team worked on included 2,6-diaminopurine (a compound to treat leukemia) and p-chlorophenoxy-2,4-diaminopyrimidine (a folic acid antagonist). According to his Nobel Prize autobiography,
 * The line of inquiry we had begun in the 1940s [also] yielded new drug therapies for malaria (pyrimethamine), leukemia (6-mercaptopurine and thioguanine), gout (allopurinol), organ transplantation (azathioprine) and bacterial infections (co-trimoxazole (trimethoprimA)). The new knowledge contributed by our studies pointed the way for investigations that led to major antiviral drugs for herpes infections (acyclovir) and AIDS (zidovudine).

In 1967 Hitchings became vice president in Charge of Research of Burroughs-Wellcome. He became Scientist Emeritus in 1976. He also served as adjunct professor of pharmacology and of experimental medicine from 1970 to 1985 at Duke University.

Hitchings founded the Triangle Community Foundation in 1983. Hitchings is a member of the Medicinal Chemistry Hall of Fame.

Personal life
His first wife, Beverly Reimer Hitchings, died in 1985. Hitchings remarried in 1989 to Joyce Carolyn Shaver-Hitchings, MD. Dr. Shaver-Hitchings died in 2009.

Hitchings died on 27 February 1998 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Awards and honors
Hitchings was awarded the Passano award by the Passano Foundation in 1969, and the de Villiers award in 1970. In 1972, he was awarded the Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh. He was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1974. In 1989, Hitchings received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.

title: George H. Hitchings


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Jaguar AJ-V8 engine

The Jaguar AJ-8 is a compact DOHC V8 piston engine used in many Jaguar vehicles. It was the fourth new engine type in the history of the company. It was an in house design with work beginning before Ford's purchase of the company. In 1997 it replaced both designs previously available on Jaguar cars: the straight-6 Jaguar AJ6 engine (or rather its AJ16 variant), and the Jaguar V12 engine. It remained the only engine type available on Jaguar until 1999 with the launch of the S-Type, when the Jaguar AJ-V6 engine was added to the list. The AJ-V8 is available in displacements ranging from 3.2L to 5.0L, and a supercharged version is also produced. Ford Motor Company also used this engine in other cars, including the Lincoln LS and the 2002–2005 Ford Thunderbird, as well as in several Land Rovers, and the Aston Martin V8 Vantage.

The AJ-V8 was designed to use Nikasil-coated cylinders rather than the more-common iron cylinder liners. However, like the BMW M60, high-sulphur fuel reacted with the Nikasil coating and caused engine failures. Jaguar replaced affected engines, and has used conventional cast-iron linings ever since.

The engine originally used a two-state Variable Valve Timing system to switch the intake cam timing by 30°. Newer variants use a more sophisticated system which can vary intake timing incrementally up to 48°. The Lincoln version was made in the United States.

Other engine features include fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods, a special one-piece cast camshaft, and reinforced plastic intake manifold.

The AJ-V8 was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2000.

Ford ceased production of the AJ-V8 engine in September 2020 when it closed the Bridgend Plant. However, in August 2020 JLR was able to take over production means for the AJ-V8.

Manufacture
The AJ8 engine was manufactured in a, dedicated Jaguar facility located within the Ford Bridgend Engine Plant in Bridgend, South Wales. The Jaguar "plant-within-a-plant" saved considerable investment costs by Jaguar. It was staffed by workers dedicated to Jaguar engine production and included a linked flow-line of computer numerically controlled machines with automated loading and assembly. Component supply was on a "just-in-time" basis.

Jaguar Land Rover has subsequently produced the AJ supercharged petrol V8 Jaguar Land Rover engines in a state-of-the-art Engine Manufacturing Centre in Wolverhampton.

4.0 L
The 3996 cc AJ26 engine was introduced in 1996. The number "26" comes from 12+6+8 (cylinders), because when the first ideas were sketched, a family of 6-, 8- and 12-cylinder engines was contemplated, although only the 8-cylinder version was produced. It has a square 86 mm bore and stroke. It was updated in 1998 as the AJ27 with continuously variable valve timing. The AJ-V8 was updated again in 2000 as the AJ28. The naturally aspirated version produces 290 hp in the 2000–2002 XK8.

Vehicles using this engine:

 * AJ26
 * 1997–1998 Jaguar XJ8
 * 1997–1998 Jaguar XK8
 * 1997–1998 Daimler V8
 * AJ27
 * 1999–2003 Jaguar XJ8
 * 1999–2003 Jaguar XK8
 * 1999–2003 Daimler V8
 * AJ28
 * 2000–2002 Jaguar S-Type 281 hp, 287 lbft

Supercharged
The supercharged version of the AJ26 is used in the high-performance R versions of Jaguar's cars. The engine was updated with AJ27 specifications for 2000. It produces 370 hp and 387 lbft with the help of an Eaton supercharger (modified Roots-blower). The supercharged engine did not use variable cam timing as the normal benefits of improved volumetric efficiency are not noticeable on a boosted engine.

Vehicles using the supercharged version include:
 * AJ26S
 * 1998–1999 Jaguar XJR
 * 1998–1999 Jaguar XKR
 * 1998–1999 Daimler Super V8
 * AJ27S
 * 2000–2003 Jaguar XJR
 * 2000–2003 Jaguar XKR
 * 2000–2003 Daimler Super V8

3.2 L
The 3.2 litre variant was the second to be introduced. It reduces the stroke to 70 mm and power falls to 240 hp and 233 lbft. This variant was not available in the North American market.

Vehicles using this engine:
 * 1997–2003 Jaguar XJ8

3.5 L
The 3555 cc, marketed as "3.5", was used in the XJ series as well. The stroke was 76.5 mm. Output was 262 bhp at 6,250 rpm and 345 Nm at 4,200 rpm.

Vehicles using this engine:
 * 2002–2007 Jaguar XJ8 3.5, 262 hp and 254 lbft

3.9 L
The 3934 cc AJ30/AJ35 variant is a unique displacement used only by Ford and Lincoln and is built in Ford's Lima, OH engine plant. Bore and stroke is 86x85 mm. The AJ35 version introduced for the 2003 model year added variable valve timing of the intake camshafts and electronic throttle control. While the block, crankshaft, pistons, and connecting rods are all unique to this displacement, many other parts are shared with the AJ-V8 engines produced in the UK by Jaguar.

Vehicles using this engine:
 * 2000–2002 Lincoln LS, 252 hp 267 lbft
 * 2002 Ford Thunderbird, 252 hp 267 lbft
 * 2003–2006 Lincoln LS, 280 hp 286 lbft
 * 2003–2005 Ford Thunderbird, 280 hp 286 lbft
 * Ford Forty-Nine concept

The last AJ35 was produced in March 2006 after only 3 years. Total run of AJ30/35 was nearly 250,000 units

4.2 L
The 4196 cc, AJ33 and AJ34 versions retain the 86 mm bore with 90.3 mm stroke. It was introduced in 2002 as the AJ33 and produces 294 hp at 6,000 rpm with 303 lbft of torque at 4,100 rpm, later increased to 300 hp and 310 lbft.

Vehicles using this engine:
 * 2003–2006 Jaguar XK-series 294 hp, 303 lbft
 * 2006–2008 Jaguar XK-series 300 hp, 310 lbft
 * 2002–2008 Jaguar S-Type 4.2, 300 hp and 310 lbft
 * 2004–2009 Jaguar XJ8, 300 hp and 310 lbft
 * 2008–2010 Jaguar XF, 300 hp and 310 lbft

Supercharged
The AJ33S is a supercharged/intercooled variant of the AJ33. It was introduced in 2002 to replace the 4.0 SC and produces 390 hp at 6,100 rpm with 399 lbft of torque at 3,500 rpm. The engine was later updated to AJ34S specification to include Variable Valve Timing as well as other minor updates. Vehicles using this engine:
 * 2004–2009 Jaguar XJR/Super V8, 400 hp and 408 lbft
 * 2003–2006 Jaguar XKR, 400 hp and 408 lbft
 * 2006–2008 Jaguar XKR, 420 hp and 410 lbft
 * 2003–2008 Jaguar S-Type R, 400 hp and 408 lbft
 * 2005–2009 Daimler Super Eight
 * 2008–2010 Jaguar XF, 420 hp and 408 lbft

Land Rover also offered a supercharged version of the 4.2 L as that company's high-performance engine. Land Rover's version is not the same as the Jaguar's version but it was adapted from it.

Applications:
 * 2006–2009 Land Rover Range Rover Sport 390 hp and 406 lbft
 * 2006–2009 Land Rover Range Rover 400 hp and 413 lbft

4.4 L
The 4394 cc AJ41 version features an 88x90.3 mm bore and stroke. This engine replaced the BMW M62 engine used in 2003-2005 Range Rover models.

Applications:
 * 2005–2009 Land Rover Discovery 3 / LR3 - 300 hp, 315 lbft
 * 2006–2009 Land Rover Range Rover Sport - 300 hp at 5,500 rpm, 315 lbft at 4,000 rpm
 * 2006–2009 Land Rover Range Rover - 305 hp at 5,750 rpm, 325 lbft at 4,000 rpm

Aston Martin 4.3/4.7

Aston Martin hand-assembles a special version of the AJ-V8 for the 2005 V8 Vantage known as AM05 - or while it was under development as AJ37. This unit displaced 4280 cc and produces 380 bhp at 7,000 rpm and 409 Nm at 5,000 rpm. This engine is unique to Aston Martin and features race-style dry-sump lubrication, which enables it to be mounted low to lower the centre of gravity. The firing order is the same as the other AJ-V8 engines although the cylinder numbering is different (AJ37 = 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8 vs. AJ26 = 1-2-7-3-4-5-6-8). The engine is assembled by hand at the AM facility in Cologne, Germany, which also builds the V12 for the DB9 and Vanquish. The cylinder block, cylinder heads, crankshaft, connecting rods, pistons, camshafts, inlet and exhaust manifolds, lubrication system and engine management are all unique to the Aston Martin version.

In May 2008, Aston Martin released a new design that used pressed cylinder liners instead of cast-in liners. This allowed for thinner liners, and a higher capacity of 4.735 L for the V8 Vantage. Called the AM14, power output increased to 420 bhp (an 11% increase on the previous 4.3-litre unit) and peak torque to 470 Nm (a 15% increase). The Aston Martin V8 Vantage S features the same 4.7-litre V8 engine found in the base Vantage, but with improved intake airflow, new mufflers, and new programming that keeps the exhaust system's bypass valves open longer. The engine in the V8 Vantage S now develops 430 bhp at 7,300 rpm and torque of 490 Nm at 5,000 rpm representing an increase of 10 bhp and 20 Nm respectively. This engine is also used in the bespoke Aston Martin DB10 concept car for the 2015 James Bond film Spectre.

4.3, bore and stroke 89x86 mm

4.7, bore and stroke 91x91 mm

Applications:
 * 2005–2017 Aston Martin V8 Vantage
 * 2014–2015 Aston Martin DB10 (Concept car)

AJ-V8 Gen III 5.0
An all new direct injection 5.0 L engine family was introduced in 2009 (all new engine block). Now featuring: spray-guided direct-injection, continuously variable intake and exhaust camshaft timing. The naturally aspirated engines also feature cam profile switching and variable track length inlet manifold. Supercharged engines make use of a sixth-generation TVS (Twin Vortices Series) supercharger. The 2010 model year engine conforms to EU5 and ULEV2 emissions regulations.

The engine is controlled by Denso's Generation 1.6 Engine Management System. Later switching to Bosch for the F-Type and other mid-2010 models going forward.

AJ133
Bore and stroke is 92.5x93 mm.

Land Rover version is called 'LR-V8 Petrol engine'.

The Bowler Nemesis and David Brown Speedback Silverstone Edition also use a variant of this engine producing 600 PS.

AJ126
The AJ126 V6 utilizes a AJ133 V8 engine block with the rear two cylinder bores blanked, and reduced bore sizes on the remaining six cylinders. While the engine block is the same size as the V8, the cylinder heads are shortened versions of the V8 heads. It is made on the same production line as the AJ133.

The AJ126 is a 2995 cc 90° petrol V6, having a bore and stroke of 84.5x89 mm with a 10.5:1 compression ratio. It is supercharged and liquid cooled featuring direct fuel injection, four overhead camshafts and four valves per cylinder. There are two versions differing in power produced, a standard version making 340 PS at 6,500 rpm and 332 lbft between 3,500-5,000 rpm and a high-performance variant making 380 PS at 6,500 rpm and 339 lbft between 3,500-5,000 rpm. A special Jaguar F-Type 400 Sport model made 400 PS and 339 lbft.

The main structural components of the engine are all manufactured from aluminum alloy. The engine is built around a very stiff, lightweight, enclosed V, deep skirt cylinder block. A structural windage tray is bolted to the bottom of the cylinder block to further improve the block stiffness, minimize NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) and help reduce oil foaming. To further enhance the stiffness of the lower engine structure, a heavily ribbed sump body is installed. The sump body also helps to reduce engine noise.

The engine uses a Bosch high pressure direct injection fuel system with fuel pressure provided by two, cam driven high pressure pumps which are driven by a dedicated camshaft. The high pressure pumps supply the fuel rails which in turn supply the three injectors for that bank with fuel at a controlled pressure.

The four camshafts incorporate VCT (variable camshaft timing). VCT allows the timing of the intake and exhaust valves to be adjusted independently of each other. The VCT system is controlled by the Bosch ECM (engine control module) using information from CMP (camshaft position) sensors. The crankshaft features offset journals and a counterweight in place of the deleted pistons and rods.

The supercharger is located in the 'vee' of the engine and is driven from the crankshaft by a dedicated secondary drive belt.

The engine meets EU5 emission regulations in Europe and Rest of World (ROW) and ULEV 70 emission regulations in North American Specification (NAS) markets.

The direct fuel injection system, advanced piston and combustion chamber design and the supercharger provide improved fuel consumption and emissions.

Jaguar will be replacing the AJ-126 with an all new Ingenium turbocharged inline-6 engine.

 * 2013–present Jaguar F-Type V6 / V6 S / 400 Sport / R-Dynamic
 * 2013–2019 Jaguar XJ Portfolio
 * 2013–2015 Jaguar XF Portfolio
 * 2015–2020 Jaguar XF 35t / S
 * 2017–2020 Jaguar XF Sportbrake S
 * 2015–2019 Jaguar XE 35t / S
 * 2014–2019 Range Rover (L405)
 * 2014–2019 Range Rover Sport (L494)
 * 2014–2016 Land Rover Discovery 4 / LR4 (L319)
 * 2017–2020 Land Rover Discovery Si6 (L462)
 * 2016–2020 Jaguar F-Pace 35t / S
 * 2018–2020 Range Rover Velar P340 / P380

title: Jaguar AJ-V8 engine


text:
Golden League

Golden League may refer to:
 * Golden League (California), a high-school athletic conference in Los Angeles County
 * Golden League (handball), a team handball competition for European national teams
 * Golden Baseball League
 * IAAF Golden League
 * , Estonian defunct annual series of outdoor track and field meetings

 * CEV Volleyball Golden European League, part of 2018 Men's European Volleyball League and 2018 Women's European Volleyball League
 * Golden League (Judo): former name of the European Judo Club Championships

title: Golden League


text:
Antonio Guzmán Fernández

Silvestre Antonio Guzmán Fernández (February 12, 1911 – July 4, 1982), best known as  Antonio Guzmán, was a Dominican businessman and a politician. He was President of the Dominican Republic, from 1978 to 1982.

Early life
Antonio Guzmán was born in the town of La Vega. He studied in the primary and secondary schools of La Vega.

He worked in the fruit exportation business and soon became a wealthy rancher as well.

An early member of Juan Bosch’s Dominican Revolutionary Party, he served as secretary of agriculture in Bosch's brief 1963 administration. In May 1966 he was the vice-presidential candidate for the PRD, with Bosch as the candidate for president. The elections were won, however, by Joaquín Balaguer.

He ran for president in 1974 as the candidate of a united opposition ticket. However, he pulled out after Balaguer changed the rules in a way that the opposition felt was unfair and undemocratic.

Presidency
Guzmán ran for president again in 1978 as the PRD candidate, with Jacobo Majluta as his running mate. When election returns showed an unmistakable trend in Guzmán's favor, the military stopped the count. However, amid vigorous protests at home and strong pressure abroad, the count resumed. When the returns were all in, Guzmán handed Balaguer the first loss of his electoral career. When Balaguer left office that year, it marked the first time in the Dominican Republic's history that an incumbent president peacefully surrendered power to an elected member of the opposition.

Guzmán's political plan was to move slowly to reform the social and economic aspects of the Dominican Republic, while he tried to have direct contact with the armed forces because of their threat concerning pressure in the political field. To directly attack the last problem, he implemented a program that reassigned or even removed officers who were skeptical of his plans and also promoted younger officers who stood behind Guzmán. This new program also called for an institution for more formal training for officers and personnel that enlisted in the armed forces. This program proved to be a great success, and it was a major part of the legacy Guzmán left behind.

Politically though, there was not a lot Guzmán could do because he was restrained to some extent since the majority of Congress consisted of Balaguer's Reformist Party—which gave them benefits when it came to vetoing the different reforms Guzmán wished to launch. Since Guzmán was a wealthy cattle rancher—he knew how to implement well-mapped economic policies. He also helped make the nation's public transportation system better and increased minimum wage. But even though Guzmán made many reforms that were beneficial to the country, he was still criticized for not responding to the economic decline. One big event that made the criticism even stronger was Hurricane David that hit in 1979, which slowed the economy even more.

End of Presidency
Early in June 1982, Hipólito Mejía, who was running to become senator for the Santiago Province, was told that the president was not feeling well and that he should pay him a visit. Hipólito had a good relationship with the president, who had appointed him Minister of Agriculture in 1978. Upon arriving Hipólito found Guzmán sitting on the beach crying, next to his horse. Something that Hipólito, and everyone else, knew was very out of character in a president with a very strong and vibrant personality. When Hipólito inquired, Guzmán told him he was worried about the country's future. That same day Hipólito told Renée Klang Avelino, the president's wife, that he was worried about Guzmán, but Renée dismissed it telling him not to worry, her husband a valiant and fearless leader, and that there was nothing wrong with him. Three days later the president had dinner at Hipólito's house. There Hipólito's wife noticed that the president was acting very out of character and that he looked somewhat untidy. After listening to his wife's concerns, Hipólito visited a psychiatrist friend who told him that the president may be suffering from depression. Hipólito would not have any of this of course, he knew his friend very well and told the psychiatrist that "Guzman basically invented anti-depression". But the psychiatrist replied with a stern warning. "Hipólito, depression is a cursed illness. Be very careful". It is very likely that the president was suffering from depression but kept it from everyone, even his wife. Furthermore, even if he had acknowledged it, he was the type of person that would have never taken medications for it. According to Hipólito, that's the kind of person he was.

About a month later, on July 4, 1982, Hipólito was awakened at 4 am by a phone call from his cousin. Antonio Guzmán had shot himself. Vice-President Jacobo Majluta became acting President and ruled for the remaining 43 days of the four-year term.

title: Antonio Guzmán Fernández


text:
List of United States representatives from Michigan

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Michigan. For chronological tables of members of both houses of the United States Congress from the state (through the present day), see United States congressional delegations from Michigan.

Current members
As of January 3, 2023

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district: Jack Bergman (R) (since 2017)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district: John Moolenaar (R) (since 2015)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district: Hillary Scholten (D) (since 2023)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district: Bill Huizenga (R) (since 2011)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district: Tim Walberg (R) (since 2011)
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district: Debbie Dingell (D) (since 2015)
 * Michigan's 7th congressional district: Elissa Slotkin (D) (since 2019)
 * Michigan's 8th congressional district: Dan Kildee (D) (since 2013)
 * Michigan's 9th congressional district: Lisa McClain (R) (since 2021)
 * Michigan's 10th congressional district: John James (R) (since 2023)
 * Michigan's 11th congressional district: Haley Stevens (D) (since 2019)
 * Michigan's 12th congressional district: Rashida Tlaib (D) (since 2019)
 * Michigan's 13th congressional district: Shri Thanedar (D) (since 2023)


text:
Talk:The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency

Untitled
Hi everyone I was wondering if anyone remembered who mma molotsi is —Preceding unsigned comment added by Squeejybeckenheimer (talk • contribs) 16:06, 12 September 2010 (UTC)

Series recommended for middle school curriculum
The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency has caught my interest as a teacher. I've read the first three novels and will probably finish the series this summer. They can be purchased locally for as little as $10.00 Canadian, and are listed at bookstores at about $18.00.

I am thinking of getting my grade eight classes to buy the first book as an Independent Activity. We need more books about other countries and about women, and this title covers both needs admirably. The simplicity of tone is useful as a writing technique, and the ability to convey much more about human nature than the words themselves imply is a good lesson in writing and thinking, too.

What do you think? -- Jim Ison, Surrey, BC, Canada

 * I agree completely. I must admit I'm not a big fan of literature about other cultures, but I really enjoyed this series. It also touches on many issues which could be studied alongside the books. Good luck! -- Hesperus
 * I agree as well. The outstanding virtue of this series, to me, is the charming politeness that the characters show to one another. 173.174.85.204 (talk) 18:13, 21 March 2017 (UTC) Eric

I dissagree. Dont make your 8th graders read this book. they all will go to sparknotes or some site like that.
 * By that logic you shouldn't make them read anything. Seriously, what kind of argument are you trying to make?108.59.48.1 (talk) 15:42, 25 July 2012 (UTC)

name changing
I think the article names should be changed like this
 * The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency to -> The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency (series)
 * and

--Melaen 18:38, 10 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency (book) to -> The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency

 * Disagree: The present version of the two pages' names—i.e. the series unmarked, and the first volume with (novel) appended to the title—is sufficiently clear and as far as I know, not inconsistent with Wikipedia style. Furthermore, recent work on these pages and others in the series (since the above comment was posted) have used the present version for crossreferencing. -- Deborahjay 19:18, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree with . The word Series, not in parentheses needs to be the last word of the title of this article, which is too confusing as it is, even with the see also at the top of the article; that does not help in a google search. That is, The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency series
 * Two other book series that come to mind have a different title for the series than for the first book; one series article is the Aubrey–Maturin series and the other is The Cadfael Chronicles, in each case clear that is the series and not the first book, or any single book in the series. I would make the change now, if I knew how to change the article title. I did change the title in the infobox, adding the word series. Not seeing this discussion right away, I added a new section at the end of the page on this same topic. --Prairieplant (talk) 08:11, 28 November 2016 (UTC)

Summarizing Ideas and Information
Hi

I also like the "The 1st Lady Detective Agency" series and would like to contribute. My idea is to locate the series a bit more in the literature about novels by following the Wikipedia stated goal of "summarizing ideas and information that have already been published elsewhere."

I got interested in doing this after seeing the analysis and article done on the book in the Gale Literary Databases (available through most libraries.) I think there are other sources as well that are fairly easy to access.

Soooo.... what do you think of what I propose? -- Delancy 03:16, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

 * It's certainly appropriate to cite pertinent published sources (Web and print) and add a References section on the series page and the individual pages for each novel. -- Deborahjay 19:26, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

Feature film?
The article in its current form mentions a TV series, but does not mention a film that was reported by the government of Botswana to be filming there in mid-2007 (see this link for the government report of filming). We need to make sure we are accurate and comprehensive in our info if there is a feature film already in production.Lawikitejana (talk) 16:36, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

After death of A.Minghella and showing of movie The production was broadcast on Easter Sunday 23rd March 2008 on BBC1. It is listed as completed by IMDb (on this page), where it has all the hallmarks of a motion picture, not the pilot of a TV series, although it was made by BBC, HBO, because others listed as involved are:
 * Film Afrika Worldwide
 * Mirage Enterprises
 * Weinstein Company, The

Now, this was very much the last completed brainchild of Anthony Minghella. Many movies he made were written off as impossible to adapt for the cinema until he tackled them. Given that he died last Tuesday, I would suggest the chances of any others in the book series being adapted are a bit reduced even though Richard Curtis was also involved unless he wants to press ahead now, maybe taking over directing them (this is just speculation now). Iph (talk) 19:20, 25 March 2008 (UTC)

Further note: IMDb does not have any other production listing in progress for Alexander McCall Smith. It follows that no other book in the series has started production yet, which would generally be the case if the completed and broadcast title was to be considered as a TV drama series. Therefore we should regard the adaptation of the first book as a feature motion picture, not a series pilot.

Any effect on tourism to Botswana?
I can't help wondering if the popularity of the books has resulted in more tourism to Botswana. (I'd go if I could afford it.)--Tyranny Sue (talk) 06:47, 5 April 2009 (UTC)

Future for the series?
Does anyone know if this series will be renewed?Affable Max (talk) 10:33, 12 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, The Double Comfort Safari Club came out in 2010 and The Saturday Big Tent Wedding Party is planned for release in March 2011 (hardcover is ISBN 1408702584). --Marc Kupper|talk 04:25, 25 October 2010 (UTC)

No 1 Ladies’ Scots accent
--Mais oui! (talk) 07:16, 30 December 2009 (UTC)
 * "The next instalment in Alexander McCall Smith’s bestselling Number 1 Ladies’ Detective Agency series is to be published first in the Scots tongue. Readers of English and other languages will have to wait until 2011 before they can read the latest exploits of Precious Ramotswe, the Botswanan gumshoe."

Radio series
The 21st radio series episode is labelled "The Double Comfort Safari Club". I've recently heard it on a Radio 4 repeat, and both the webpage (http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00w7f87) and the audio itself refer to the episode with the title "Canoeing for Ladies".

Should this be changed? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.27.188.214 (talk) 08:58, 14 November 2013 (UTC)

 * Yes. As I recall the BBC web site was missing the title of this play when I added it here in 2011, so I assumed it had taken the title of the book. It seems the BBC web site has been corrected for the repeat, so I will change accordingly.

 * Jim Craigie (talk) 19:59, 28 February 2014 (UTC)

Could there be a link for what "Mma" means please?
I know it is pronounced "Mamma"/"Momma", but does anyone know what it means please? Is it simply a form of address like "Ms.", or does it mean "Mother", with the assumption that all adult women should be addressed like that?

 * Responding to above unsigned question, get the audio book to learn how to say Mma and Ra, which are the honorifics for women and men, respectively, in Botswana. It is not momma. And do sign your posts in future please. --Prairieplant (talk) 14:58, 26 February 2016 (UTC)

 * It's a good point, though; they are unusual terms which could trip up a reader. I've added a sentence in the introduction to explain them, although expansion would be helpful. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 19:04, 26 February 2016 (UTC)

Needs section on Literary significance or Reception of the series
There are many articles on line about the series of novels, reviewing them all at once. Perhaps a section like that would fill out this rather bare article on a popular series of novels by a prolific author. --Prairieplant (talk) 14:58, 26 February 2016 (UTC)

Need to clarify title of Novel article and series article
I just discovered that the article about the novel has (novel) after the name, but series is not at the end of this title, so I will try to add it. Then perhaps novel could be removed from the article about the novel? When I searched for the article on the novel, I got this, not where I wanted to be. I put text here meant for the novel, and I will move that now. --Prairieplant (talk) 07:48, 28 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Ah, I saw the discussion on this topic above and have put my vote in to change the title of this article, adding the word series at the end of it. Already done in the infobox. --Prairieplant (talk) 08:12, 28 November 2016 (UTC)

Audio books - Lisette Lecat
e. Lisette Lecat      IvyRabbit (talk) 06:21, 11 December 2016 (UTC)

Sorry, my keyboard had gone wacky when I started this discussion. What I meant to say was that this page needs some information regarding the audio books. Lisette Lecat is a marvelous narrator and even voices characters of all genders and nationalities in a way that is believable and natural. The audio books are delightful. Perhaps there is someone with more knowledge than I have who is willing to add this information? IvyRabbit (talk) 06:32, 11 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Be bold! Add mention in the Publication history section. There may be reviews mentioning her audio books and quality of speaking like a Motswana, which will provide evidence that more than you and I find her audio versions to be excellent. The ISBN for the audio book can be found at Fantastic Fiction, also worth including in a short paragraph.  --Prairieplant (talk) 08:54, 12 December 2016 (UTC)

Reception in Botswana?
I've never seen much about how these books ar regarded in Botswana, aside from being a prod to tourism. If anybody could include something with good references, it would help the article immensely. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 23:13, 5 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency


text: List of rulers of the Ewe state of Peki

title: List of rulers of the Ewe state of Peki