text:
Talk:Boredoms

Super Roots 9
Can someone add this to the discography? I don't know how to add images, otherwise I would do it. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 71.33.191.40 (talk • contribs).
 * Done. See Boredoms discography. = ∫tc 5th Eye 20:42, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

Folk music
I removed something involving their preference of the term "folk music". While it's completely possible due to their "weirdness", I have never heard of them calling themselves that. Didnt mean to insult anyone, but please provide proof. --Jared 16:10, 29 January 2006 (UTC)

Related groups
Where did all those related groups come from? What do they all have in common? --Ardonik 08:22, Jul 16, 2004 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure of all of them, but most of them are bands that various members of the Boredoms took part in or founded. A few:
 * Hantarash-Noise group founded in the 80s by Yamataka (then Yamatsuka, don't ask me about the name changes, Eye)
 * Z-Rock Hawaii-A compilation between Ween and Yamataka Eye. the CD is highly recommended and very funny.
 * OOIOO-A band founded by the sexy Yoshimi from the Boredoms (she sings in OOIOO).
 * UFO Or Die - Noise-Rock group consisting of Yamataka Eye, Yoshimi, and some guy.
 * Those are just the ones I can think of off the top of my head, but most of the Boredoms members have been in the noise/noise-rock scene for a very long time and have contributed a lot to the scene. Idolcrash 05:45, 25 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't know if all the bands are really related to the Boredoms but most links need to be fixed becuase they redirect to anything but a band. Eraserhead 20:09, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Their name might not include 'The', but that doesn't mean the word is improper to use in front of their name. A member of the IWW was a Wobbly, multiple members were Wobblies, and yet one would say "The Wobblies were members of the IWW" —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.28.69.216 (talk • contribs).

 * Also, I believe on some of their albums (I'd have to pull them out) they are listed as The Boredoms. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 69.164.231.195 (talk • contribs).

Hanatarash bulldozer incident
There's a picture on the cover of Japanese Homegrown Vol. 2, a compilation by Gianormous Records, that may well be of the Hanatarash bulldozer incident. See Crappy little Amazon rendering of compilation's cover. --erisdiscordia (a guest) —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 217.198.112.101 (talk • contribs).

Current activities
Based on the news of www.tinymixtapes.com it seems that the Boredoms (Vooredoms) are working on a 6 disc box set. I have not been able to confirm this anywhere else, nor is there news on what this box set will contain. But this might be relevant in the current activities section, or possibly elsewhere. I am not well versed in wikipedia protocal.

Here's my resource. TinyMixTapes Boredoms Article —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 216.23.183.2 (talk • contribs).

Article stuff
I added an info box, a section describing the band's history, and I split the discography off into its own article, as well as reformating the article slightly, and deleting some info about Eye's personal history. Sources are still needed, if anyone has any, and if anyone finds any flaws with my write up of the band's history please correct it. Also does anyone have an actual picture of the band that could be used in this article? - Fishmonk 29, October, 2006

 * Dude, that was a zany amount of editing. Do you have a ref for the original name of the band? - Jonathan Williams 00:13, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

 * It is mentioned in a few disographies I have seen. But my source is an interview with eye from a old zine called "Show-Kai" all the way back from 1990 where eye talks about the band's early history. The magazine covered mostly japanese rock, and was published in the usa. I don't know if it still exists anymore though. - Fishmonk 01 November 2006

 * The name of the compilation "U.S.A" is on is "Kill S.P.K." released by the Japanese label Beast 666 (http://www.777was666.com/666.html) The german label Dossier released the song on their "Dead Tech Sampler I: No Wave from Japan" LP as well. - Fishmonk

Who can translate Japanese to English?
There's a magazine article with scans here that are in Japanese. About 30 pages in all, it seems to cover all of Boredoms' history up until 2004. I'm working on a partial rewrite of the article and would really appreciate having some bio info to look at! Thanks. = ∫tc 5th Eye 02:34, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

GAN on hold
Leave a note on my talk page when done. dihydrogen monoxide (H2O) 06:47, 16 March 2008 (UTC)
 * "beginning in 1982" --> "back to 1982"
 * "has been featured on most Boredoms recordings as well." --> "has also featured on most Boredoms recordings."
 * The third paragraph of the lead shouldn't really be there...use your own words, if you must...
 * The first para of the Formation and early years could do with more sourcing...
 * So could the 2nd.
 * "Eye's Hanatarash-related project UFO or Die" - the band name is "UFO or Die"?
 * "group being replaced" --> "group, to be replaced"
 * "citing Sonic Youth and Funkadelic[3]" - ref needs punctuation under it; move to end of sentence perhaps
 * "Some people disputed these claims however," - needs ref
 * Some refs need accessdates. And some need lots more publisher info etc.
 * "some critics even identifying the album as affirmation that Boredoms are "the most out-there band in the world"" - who? which critic?
 * First para of Current activities section unsourced
 * "while Eye and Yoshimi have come out with new records of their own this year." - needs ref
 * Passed. By the way, some of those external links (I'm looking at #3) aren't really necessary. The rest is fine (per the comments on my talk page). Nice work! dihydrogen monoxide (H2O) 23:01, 16 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks! (I may remove those links at some point too.) = ∫tc 5th Eye 23:03, 16 March 2008 (UTC)

Band members' real names
I'm trying to find the real names of all Boredoms members. I've found Atari and Yojiro on Discogs here and here, but EDA eludes me completely, and the only thing I've found for Hosoi is a little-known Japanese band in which the founder/bassist is named Hosoi Hisato with a MySpace here, which I'm mostly convinced on but reluctant to add. Any thoughts? = ∫tc 5th Eye 04:15, 7 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I didn't have any luck with E-Da (looked at DRUMIZE's myspace) but Yoshimi may actually be Yoshimi Goto now (IIRC she is married to Shoji Goto).Jonathan Williams (talk) 06:52, 7 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I haven't heard anything about Yoshimi getting married—can you find a source? Also, what do you think about Hosoi? = ∫tc 5th Eye 16:38, 7 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Pretty sure its her second marriage actually; although she might not have married S. Goto. (If you google "congratulate 2" there's probably some info on an incarnation of Eye's "Destroy 2" that played at her (1st?) wedding). --Jonathan Williams (talk) 19:10, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

Low importance?
You can't be kidding me.

"This article has been rated Low-importance on Alternative music"

Pardon me, Wikipedia, but just look outside the record sales. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.148.245.33 (talk) 17:51, 1 November 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Boredoms


text:
User:Moron mouth

Legend of Marko bodi ...

Marko Bodi was a noble man. He had a lot of friends ,but his favorite ones were the hobos. In the Early ages of his life he was a ugly hobo! He Then met a young lady in a bakay named Natalina. She feel in love with his uglyness and married him in 1203. They were a happy family and Marko's favorite fraze about his kids was "Damn rats if you cant change your dipers the im not going to!" ...

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Moron mouth


text:
Magnetic amplifier

The magnetic amplifier (colloquially known as a "mag amp") is an electromagnetic device for amplifying electrical signals. The magnetic amplifier was invented early in the 20th century, and was used as an alternative to vacuum tube amplifiers where robustness and high current capacity were required. World War II Germany perfected this type of amplifier, and it was used in the V-2 rocket. The magnetic amplifier was most prominent in power control and low-frequency signal applications from 1947 to about 1957, when the transistor began to supplant it. The magnetic amplifier has now been largely superseded by the transistor-based amplifier, except in a few safety critical, high-reliability or extremely demanding applications. Combinations of transistor and mag-amp techniques are still used.

Principle of operation
Visually a mag amp device may resemble a transformer, but the operating principle is quite different from a transformer – essentially the mag amp is a saturable reactor. It makes use of magnetic saturation of the core, a non-linear property of a certain class of transformer cores. For controlled saturation characteristics, the magnetic amplifier employs core materials that have been designed to have a specific B-H curve shape that is highly rectangular, in contrast to the slowly tapering B-H curve of softly saturating core materials that are often used in normal transformers.

The typical magnetic amplifier consists of two physically separate but similar transformer magnetic cores, each of which has two windings: a control winding and an AC winding. Another common design uses a single core shaped like the number "8" with one control winding and two AC windings as shown in the photo above. A small DC current from a low-impedance source is fed into the control winding. The AC windings may be connected either in series or in parallel, the configurations resulting in different types of mag amps. The amount of control current fed into the control winding sets the point in the AC winding waveform at which either core will saturate. In saturation, the AC winding on the saturated core will go from a high-impedance state ("off") into a very low-impedance state ("on") – that is, the control current controls the point at which voltage the mag amp switches "on".

A relatively small DC current on the control winding is able to control or switch large AC currents on the AC windings. This results in current amplification.

Two magnetic cores are used because the AC current will generate high voltage in the control windings. By connecting them in opposite phase, the two cancel each other, so that no current is induced in the control circuit. The alternate design shown above with the "8" shaped core accomplishes this same objective magnetically.

Strengths
The magnetic amplifier is a static device with no moving parts. It has no wear-out mechanism and has a good tolerance to mechanical shock and vibration. It requires no warm-up time. Multiple isolated signals may be summed by additional control windings on the magnetic cores. The windings of a magnetic amplifier have a higher tolerance to momentary overloads than comparable solid-state devices. The magnetic amplifier is also used as a transducer in applications such as current measurement and the flux gate compass. The reactor cores of magnetic amplifiers withstand neutron radiation extremely well. For this special reason magnetic amplifiers have been used in nuclear power applications.

Limitations
The gain available from a single stage is limited and low compared to electronic amplifiers. Frequency response of a high-gain amplifier is limited to about one-tenth the excitation frequency, although this is often mitigated by exciting magnetic amplifiers with currents at higher than utility frequency. Solid-state electronic amplifiers can be more compact and efficient than magnetic amplifiers. The bias and feedback windings are not unilateral and may couple energy back from the controlled circuit into the control circuit. This complicates the design of multistage amplifiers when compared with electronic devices.

Magnetic amplifiers introduce substantial harmonic distortion to the output waveform consisting entirely of the odd harmonics. Unlike the silicon controlled rectifiers or TRIACs which replaced them, the magnitude of these harmonics decreases rapidly with frequency so interference with nearby electronic devices such as radio receivers is uncommon.

Applications
Magnetic amplifiers were important as modulation and control amplifiers in the early development of voice transmission by radio. A magnetic amplifier was used as voice modulator for a 2 kilowatt Alexanderson alternator, and magnetic amplifiers were used in the keying circuits of large high-frequency alternators used for radio communications. Magnetic amplifiers were also used to regulate the speed of Alexanderson alternators to maintain the accuracy of the transmitted radio frequency. Magnetic amplifiers were used to control large high-power alternators by turning them on and off for telegraphy or to vary the signal for voice modulation. The alternator's frequency limits were rather low to where a frequency multiplier had to be utilized to generate higher radio frequencies than the alternator was capable of producing. Even so, early magnetic amplifiers incorporating powdered-iron cores were incapable of producing radio frequencies above approximately 200 kHz. Other core materials, such as ferrite cores and oil-filled transformers, would have to be developed to allow the amplifier to produce higher frequencies.

The ability to control large currents with small control power made magnetic amplifiers useful for control of lighting circuits, for stage lighting and for advertising signs. Saturable reactor amplifiers were used for control of power to industrial furnaces. Magnetic amplifiers as variable AC voltage controllers have been mostly replaced by silicon controlled rectifiers or TRIACs. Magnetic amplifiers are still used in some arc welders.

Small magnetic amplifiers were used for radio tuning indicators, control of small motor and cooling fan speed, control of battery chargers.

Magnetic amplifiers were used extensively as the switching element in early switched-mode (SMPS) power supplies, as well as in lighting control. Semiconductor-based solid-state switches have largely superseded them, though recently there has been some regained interest in using mag amps in compact and reliable switching power supplies. PC ATX power supplies often use mag amps for secondary side voltage regulation. Cores designed specifically for switch mode power supplies are currently manufactured by several large electromagnetics companies, including Metglas and Mag-Inc.

Magnetic amplifiers were used by locomotives to detect wheel slip, until replaced by Hall Effect current transducers. The cables from two traction motors passed through the core of the device. During normal operation the resultant flux was zero as both currents were the same and in opposite directions. The currents would differ during wheel slip, producing a resultant flux that acted as the Control winding, developing a voltage across a resistor in series with the AC winding which was sent to the wheel slip correction circuits.

Magnetic amplifiers can be used for measuring high DC-voltages without direct connection to the high voltage and are therefore still used in the HVDC-technique. The current to be measured is passed through the two cores, possibly by a solid bus bar. There is almost no voltage drop in this bus bar. The output signal, proportional to the ampere turns in the control current bus bar, is derived from the alternating excitation voltage of the magnetic amplifier, there is no voltage created or induced on the bus bar. The output signal has only a magnetic connection with the bus bar so the bus may be, quite safely, at any (EHT) voltage with respect to the instrumentation.

Instrumentation magnetic amplifiers are commonly found on space craft where a clean electromagnetic environment is highly desirable.

The German Kriegsmarine made extensive use of the magnetic amplifiers. They were used for the master stable element systems, for slow moving transmission for controlling guns, directors and rangefinders and train and elevation controls. Magnetic amplifiers were used in aircraft systems (avionics) before the advent of high reliability semiconductors. They were important in implementing early autoland systems and Concorde made use of the technology for the control of its engine air intakes before development of a system using digital electronics. Magnetic amplifiers were used in stabilizer controls of V2 rockets.

Usage in computing
Magnetic amplifiers were widely studied during the 1950s as a potential switching element for mainframe computers. Like transistors, mag amps were somewhat smaller than the typical vacuum tube, and had the significant advantage that they were not subject to "burning out" and thus had dramatically lower maintenance requirements. Another advantage is that a single mag amp could be used to sum several inputs in a single core, which was useful in the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) as it could greatly reduce the component count. Custom tubes could do the same, but transistors could not, so the mag amp was able to combine the advantages of tubes and transistors in an era when the latter were expensive and unreliable.

The principles of magnetic amplifiers were applied non linearly to create magnetic digital logic gates. That era was short, lasting from the mid-1950s to about 1960, when new fabrication techniques produced great improvements in transistors and dramatically lowered their cost. Only one large-scale mag amp machine was put into production, the UNIVAC Solid State, but a number of contemporary late-1950s/early-1960s computers used the technology, like the Ferranti Sirius, Ferranti Orion and the English Electric KDF9, or the one-off MAGSTEC.

Early development
A voltage source and a series connected variable resistor may be regarded as a direct current signal source for a low resistance load such as the control coil of a saturable reactor which amplifies the signal. Thus, in principle, a saturable reactor is already an amplifier, although before 20th century they were used for simple tasks, such as controlling lighting and electrical machinery as early as 1885.

In 1904 radio pioneer Reginald Fessenden placed an order for a high frequency rotary mechanical alternator from the General Electric Company capable of generate AC at a frequency of 100 kHz to be used for continuous wave radio transmission over great distances. The design job was given to General Electric engineer Ernst F. Alexanderson who developed the 2 kW Alexanderson alternator. By 1916 Alexanderson added a magnetic amplifier to control the transmission of these rotary alternators for transoceanic radio communication.

The experimental telegraphy and telephony demonstrations made during 1917 attracted the attention of the US Government, especially in light of partial failures in the transoceanic cable across the Atlantic Ocean. The 50 kW alternator was commandeered by the US Navy and put into service in January 1918 and was used until 1920, when a 200 kW generator-alternator set was built and installed.

Usage in electric power generation
Magnetic amplifiers were extensively used in electricity power generation from the early 1960s onwards. They provided the small signal amplification for generator automatic voltage regulation (AVR) from a small error signal at milliwatt (mW) level to 100 kilowatt (kW) level. This was in turn converted by a rotating machine (exciter) to 5 megawatt (MW) level, the excitation power required by a typical 500 MW Power Plant Turbine Generator Unit. They proved durable and reliable. Many are recorded in service through the mid-1990s and some are still in use at older generating stations, notably in hydroelectric plants operating in northern California.

Misnomer uses
In the 1970s, Robert Carver designed and produced several high quality high-powered audio amplifiers, calling them magnetic amplifiers. In fact, they were in most respects conventional audio amplifier designs with unusual power supply circuits. They were not magnetic amplifiers as defined in this article. They should not be confused with real magnetic audio amplifiers, which also exist.

title: Magnetic amplifier


text:
TWT

TWT may refer to:

 * Sanga-Sanga Airport (IATA code: TWT), an airport serving the general area of Bongao, the capital of the province of Tawi-Tawi in the Philippines
 * Ted Williams Tunnel, the third highway tunnel under Boston Harbor in Boston
 * Traveling-wave tube, a specialized vacuum tube that is used in electronics to amplify radio frequency signals in the microwave range
 * The World Tomorrow (magazine), a defunct American political magazine
 * Tunisia World Television, a Tunisian television channel
 * TwT, a variant of the emoticon UwU
 * A shortening of Twitter or tweet.

title: TWT


text:
Battalion of Death

Battalion of Death can refer to a number of military units in various countries: Other meanings of the term include:
 * In Poland
 * Poznań Volunteer Death's Battalion (Poznański Ochotniczy Batalion Śmierci), active within the ranks of 1st Legions Infantry Division during the Polish–Bolshevik War
 * II/36th Infantry Regiment, which earned its nickname during the Polish–Ukrainian War of 1919
 * Battalion of Death for Freedom, a resistance organisation formed in Toruń in 1939, during World War II
 * In Russia
 * The Women's Battalion of Death was a small corps drawn from 2,000 female volunteers, formed between the February Revolution and the October Revolution in Russia in 1917, commanded by Maria Botchkareva, and loyal to the Provisional Government
 * Chechen Death Battalion, commanded by Apti Bolotkhanov, which fought in the Russo-Ukrainian War
 * The International Battalion of Death is the name taken by the person or group behind a website claiming responsibility for suicide attacks in Bali and elsewhere in the aftermath of September 11
 * The Detroit Tigers' infield from 1933 to 1935 consisting of Hank Greenberg at first base, Charlie Gehringer at second base, Billy Rogell at shortstop, and Marv Owen at third base.
 * Other American sporting outfits have at various times been called Battalion of Death, possibly drawing inspiration from a Black Battalion of Death formed by African-American Buffalo Soldiers of World War I.
 * Certain Republican senators formed a hard core that opposed President Woodrow Wilson's proposed League of Nations. They were known as "irreconcilables" or 'the Battalion of Death."
 * "Death Battalion", a song on the 2016 album Good Morning Apocalypse by Heaven Below

title: Battalion of Death


text:
Aqua (satellite)

Aqua (EOS PM-1) is a NASA scientific research satellite in orbit around the Earth, studying the precipitation, evaporation, and cycling of water. It is the second major component of the Earth Observing System (EOS) preceded by Terra (launched 1999) and followed by Aura (launched 2004).

The name "Aqua" comes from the Latin word for water. The satellite was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base on May 4, 2002, aboard a Delta II rocket. Aqua operated in a Sun-synchronous orbit as the third in the satellite formation called the "A Train" with several other satellites (OCO-2, the Japanese GCOM W1, PARASOL, CALIPSO, Cloud Sat, and Aura) for most of its first 20 years; but in January 2022 Aqua left the A-Train (as Cloud Sat, CALIPSO and PARASOL had already done) when, due to its fuel limitations, it transitioned to a free-drift mode, wherein its equatorial crossing time is slowly drifting to later times, from its tightly controlled orbit.

Mission
Aqua is one of NASA's missions for Earth science operating in the A-Train constellation. It has demonstrated a very high level of precision in making the primary long-term measurements of the mission. These highly calibrated climate quality measurements of radiance, reflectance, and backscatter have been used to cross-calibrate past and present sensors launched by NASA, as well as a variety of sensors launched from other agencies and the international community. Thousands of scientists and operational users from around the world have made use of the Aqua data to address NASA's 6 interdisciplinary Earth science focus areas: Atmospheric Composition, Weather, Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems, Water and Energy Cycle, Climate Variability and Change, and Earth Surface and Interior.

Aqua has experienced some minor, non-mission ending anomalies.

Because of a 2007 anomaly with the Solid State Recorder (SSR) it can only hold two orbits worth of data. A series of solar array and array regulator electronics anomalies starting in 2010 has led to the loss of 23 strings of solar cells out of a total of 132 strings. A 2005 short circuit within a battery cell led to a partial loss of cell capacity. In 2009, a solar panel thermistor failed and an error in the Solar Array offset was detected. The offset issue has been corrected periodically since then. On September 8, 2007, the Dual Thruster Module (DTM-2) Heater experienced an anomaly. On August 16, 2020, The Formatter Multiplexer Unit (FMU) experienced an anomaly, corrupting some data in the SSR and stopping all data streams until it was recovered on September 2, 2020.

The current end of mission plan is to let Aqua's orbit decay naturally at least until June 2024 and continue data collection into 2026 or even 2027, dependent on such items as budget, fuel, hardware, power, and end-of mission requirements. Aqua's life could be extended with a possible re-fueling mission. A worst-case scenario would result in a re-entry by 2046.

Instruments
Aqua carries six instruments for studies of water on the Earth's surface and in the atmosphere, of which four are still operating:
 * Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E) — measures cloud properties, sea surface temperature, near-surface wind speed, radiative energy flux, surface water, ice and snow. Furnished by the National Space Development Agency of Japan. The AMSR-E instrument had over 480 pounds of spinning mass, and the lubricant in the bearing assembly gradually deteriorated over the course of the mission. By 2007, there was a noticeable increase in motor current. This led to the development of new contingency procedures in case of high current or torque, which were put in place in 2011. In October 2011, the instrument began to cause yaw vibrations in the spacecraft that exceeded torque limits and on October 4, 2011, was automatically slowed to 4 rpm from the normal 40 rpm and then, because it could not maintain 4 rpm, was slowed to a stop. A recovery procedure was developed and tested through 2012, culminating with a December 4, 2012 successful acceleration to 2.0767 rpm to allow for cross-calibration with the AMSR-2 instrument launched in 2012 aboard the GCOM-W1 satellite. On December 4, 2015, AMSR-E was slowed to a stop and then on March 3, 2016, it was turned off.
 * Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) — also measures cloud properties and radiative energy flux, also aerosol properties; land cover and land use change, fires and volcanoes.  An identical MODIS instrument is also aboard Terra. As of 2017, some degradation of channels in the MODIS short wave visible bands has been observed by the Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG).
 * Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A) — measures atmospheric temperature and humidity. Since launch, AMSU has lost 5 of 15 channels. Power to the AMSU-A2 microwave instrument was lost at 19:47 UT September 24, 2016. This caused the loss of Channels 1 and 2. All recovery attempts were unsuccessful and no further recovery attempts are planned.
 * Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) — measures atmospheric temperature and humidity, land and sea surface temperatures. Cooler A telemetry became frozen on March 24, 2014, but this had no impact on science gathering. On September 25, 2016, Cooler-A experienced a shut down anomaly. Anomaly recovery occurred two days later and also cleared a condition that had disabled Cooler-A telemetry since the 2014 Cooler-A anomaly.
 * Humidity Sounder for Brazil (HSB) — VHF band equipment measuring atmospheric humidity. Furnished by Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais of Brazil. The HSB instrument has been in survival mode, and thus non-operational, since February 5, 2003, when the scan mirror motor failed.
 * Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) — Flying Modules 3 and 4, measure broadband radiative energy flux. CERES' shortwave channel on module 4 failed on March 30, 2005, but its two other channels remain operational.

The Aqua spacecraft has a mass of about 2850 kg, plus propellant of about 230 kg at launch. Stowed for launch, the satellite fit in a volume of 2.68 m x 2.49 m x 6.49 m. Deployed, Aqua is 4.81 m x 16.70 m x 8.04 m.

title: Aqua (satellite)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ian (0th nomination)

Originally, I speedied this, but has second thoughts. I don't know if it's quite a speedy candidate. But nevertheless, it is vanity about a 15-year old kid. Delete! blankfaze | (беседа!)  08:32, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * You shouldn't have second thoughts on that... Delete. --Alexandre 09:02, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. For an example of his, uh, writing, visit http://blueflamepolitix.org/articles/TheBalancingActnew.htm.  It's always nice to see youth who are interested in politics, but this guy won't be eligible to vote until the end of the next administration.  Weird.  --Ardonik 09:13, Jul 16, 2004 (UTC)
 * This isn't a speedy delete. It should clearly be deleted as it is not notable enough to be encyclopedic, but it should go through vfd to give the author a chance to understand why his article suddenly disappeared. If there is any chance an author might honestly think his article should not be deleted, use vfd and not speedy delete. Thue | talk 11:50, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Although I don't think it's weird, and if the author is reading this: I started working on political campaigns when I was 16. Stay involved, get others involved, we need more of it. Unfortunetly, right now, BFP is not a large enough group to have a wikipedia article. Nevertheless, good luck. Lyellin 12:11, Jul 16, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: At 15, I was a hyperpatriot conservative.  At 18, I was a nice Dem.  At 20...well, my friends made red flags.  Teens in politics can really need community support.  Keep working, Ian. Delete this article. Geogre 13:08, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Teens in politics can really need community support - otherwise they turn into William Hague. Delete. -- Graham  ☺ | Talk 16:30, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * hey, that's my first name! Delete and replace with my personal vanity page ;-). Ianb 17:49, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Why do kids find it necessary to start off with their birthdays? And he's a Democrat, for crying out loud!  "Santa Cruz" shoulda tipped me off.  :^))  Delete and award the rights to "Ianb." - Lucky 6.9 23:00, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I say delete too. Once this is deleted, "Ian" should become an article on the given name "Ian". WhisperToMe 21:52, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)


text:
Iván Morovic

Iván Eduardo Morovic Fernández (born 24 March 1963) is a Chilean chess player with the title of International Grandmaster.

Born in Viña del Mar, he began to play chess at age 9. In 1979 he won the Pan American Junior Chess Championship. In 1980, Morovic took third place in the World Junior Chess Championship in Dortmund, behind Garry Kasparov and Nigel Short. The following year he won the Chilean Chess Championship. At 22 he became the first Chilean to be awarded by FIDE the title of International Grandmaster (GM). His best tournament participation was in 1993, when he won in Las Palmas, ahead of Viswanathan Anand, with whom he drew.

Morovic's best Elo rating is 2613, achieved in 1999.

He took part in thirteen Chess Olympiads, playing for Chile in 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1996, 2002, 2004, 2010 and 2012, and representing Croatia in 2000.

title: Iván Morovic


text:
Indian gaming

Indian gaming may refer to:

 * Native American gaming, gambling activities on indigenous tribal lands in the United States
 * Gambling in India, gambling activities in the country of India
 * Video games in India, other types of electronic games in the country of India

title: Indian gaming


text: Category:Universities in Lithuania

title: Category:Universities in Lithuania


text: User talk:61.52.138.71

title: User talk:61.52.138.71


text: Category:Economy of Lithuania

title: Category:Economy of Lithuania


text:
Wikipedia talk:Sound

Archive 1 Archive 2

Sound format
Can user have a look to Wikipedia talk:Sound. I'm not conviced that this change is a good thing and I don't think it has received large support. Ericd 12:15, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * User:Zarni02 has instituted a new Wikipedia policy allowing the use of WAV and MP3 sound files instead of just OGG. However he has gathered very few comments and run no polls before instituting this change. It was announced on Requests for comment. Rmhermen 12:56, Jul 16, 2004 (UTC)
 * In my opinion this new policy is evil. WAV is an horrible solution from a technical POV. MP3 has patent issue. From a legal POV I see it like accepting copyright violations or deciding that Wikipiedia is not GFDL.

 * I don't know what happened, but I never heard about the Request for comments posting until it was over. (I check my Wikipedia watchlist at least 10 times a day, but never saw the edit to Sound and Wikipedia that announced it. More Wikipedia technical problems?) I applaud the effort to broaden sound support on Wikipedia, though not necessarily the path taken. (I'm still reviewing that.) However, I want to point out that there are some very vocal OGG users who seem fixated on preventing WAV and MP3 files from being used by Wikipedia on specious legal grounds. There are certainly practical concerns about the size of WAV files, although the recommended WAV and MP3 filesize limit of 64KB is certainly more restrictive than the up-to-2MB files that OGG users have already uploaded. The OGG crowd routinely rejects the complaint that OGG is virtually unheard-of outside the world of open-source when compared to WAV, MP3, and other popular formats. (The software support alone for OGG — a dozen or so players and encoders and no inline browser plugins — compared to hundreds of software components for each of many other formats is an obvious argument for WAV, MP3, etc.) It seems to me that this whole dialog is confined primarily to a sizable number of existing OGG users and a few new folks looking to use a more readily-available format. The problem is that few of the latter seem to be speaking up on the issue, leaving the argument to default in favor of the OGG crowd. I think User:Zarni02's proactive, bold action is a commendable effort to bring this issue to the forefront. -- Jeff Q 23:10, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Sorry Jeff I rememberalong time ago some wikipedian arguing that it was very cool to upload copyrighted images. Yeah it was cool !. Yes, it's not cool to have to install a Direcshow filter. When your vanilla Media Player can play MP3. Yes, legal issues are annoying everyone.
 * Ericd 22:20, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Sorry, Ericd, but your ad hominem attack accusing me of wanting WAV and MP3 support because it's "cool" is totally unfounded on anything I've written. Unlike what your above statement implies about you, I have never uploaded any copyrighted material, and I have never in my 42 years bowed to any trend considered cool, which is more than I can say about anyone I've ever met. (Your implicit accusation is also unfounded on anything I want to upload, which I've made clear from the start — illustrative sound samples for encyclopedic topics that I create, hold the copyrights to, and license under GFDL, just like the images in my very modest gallery.) You should avoid personal attacks and try to stick to the topic at hand. You might also want to review Wiki pages on polite discourse. By the way, you might try reading the reference document you so helpfully posted on Wikipedia talk:Sound. It covers encoders and decoders only and specifically states "this license does not cover the right to distribute, broadcast and/or stream mp3 / mp3PRO encoded data". I could have provided the relevant link myself, based on information on that page, but I see no reason to help someone who has more interest in ridiculing people that making cogent and concise arguments. -- Jeff Q 23:20, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

(moved this down) A discussion about this is now at Wikipedia_talk:Sound, announced here, at goings on and the mailing list -- Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason   02:52, 2004 Jul 17 (UTC)

Here are some comments about three topics: patent and copyright, installed base, and Wikipedia users.
 * I don't know a thing about patent law in any country, but I seriously doubt that Wikipedia would violate any MP3 patent by uploading, storing and downloading files that are encoded in MP3. Likely, there are patents covering things like algorithms and hardware for encoding and decoding the files, but licenses and fees would be the responsibility of the individual users who do those things, not of Wikipedia. Also, Wikipedia might violate copyright if the files contain copyrighted information, so diligence to avoid that would continue to be necessary --- no matter whether the material is encoded in MP3, OGG, WAV or any other format. To summarize, I believe that patent and copyright issues, while important to other discussions, have no relevance on the choice of format.

 * My home and office computers cannot encode or decode OGG files. I have never heard of OGG outside the context of Wikipedia. Can anyone estimate how many computers can play OGG files, and for comparison, how many computers can play WAV files? Using the software that's already installed, without going out and installing a codec. I would bet that less than one percent of home computers connected to the Internet can play OGG files. The figure would be much higher within certain subcultures (someone mentioned the open-software subculture), and perhaps some newer computers have the capability, but within the community at large, it must surely be very low.

 * Have you tried the JOrbis applet?

 * Wikipedia users are very different from Wikipedians. Users who look up the articles that the 'pedians write find Wikipedia from Google and other search engines. They come from all segments of the Internet society, and most of them know very little about installing software. Many might never have done so; they don't know where to find OGG decoders, and even if we tell them, they'll find it much too bothersome to be worthwhile. In contrast, their computers can play WAV files right out of the box. Wikipedia has to make a decision: do we want to include such users, or exclude them? WAV includes them; OGG excludes them.

In my opinion, Wikipedia would do a great disservice to its users to require OGG players. However, if Wikipedia had software to decode OGG files, and then encode them in a choice of formats that Wikipedia users can utilize (with buttons that say things like "click here for a Windows sound file"), there would be no harm in accepting OGG files. Fg2 02:00, Aug 14, 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmmm... if people find OGG so inconvenient they still could buy an Encarta CD-ROM, it's fully compatible with Windows, there's no need for extra software ;-). Seriously it takes less than 20 seconds to install the Ogg-Vorbis filter for Windows Media Player.

Ericd 21:22, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I'm seriously against mp3. There are, certainly, patents which limit how it can be used. Even if we were able to publish mp3ses here without paying (I have my doubts), people would not be completelly free to listen to them because the patents are there and some uses do certainly require royalty payment. I think we should push for open and free standards instead, and Vorbis is nowadays quite popular and easy to play.Rvalles 15:48, Oct 21, 2004 (UTC)

This page to be scrapped
Just to let everyone know, I've been tasked with scrapping this page and rewriting it. There are some glaring ommissions here, and almost a complete lack of how-to information. I need to talk some issues over with wikitech first, but just be aware of what's coming. →Raul654 19:53, Jul 21, 2004 (UTC)

sound format/appropriate
I think we should not use lossy formats such as ogg, mp3 or the like for audio.

I think we should not use proprietary formats either.

I recommend Shorten/shn, Flawless Audio/flac or mkw.

But I have to ask is storing media our task? there are other sites that already do that... archive.org for example

 * No, storing media isn't our task. But providing multimedia illustration of article information (e.g., bird calls, brief samples of tunes) seems well within our task. Much of what I've seen used so far (in any format) seems to be along these lines. -- Jeff Q 11:28, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * yes, that's a good thing, that's encyclopedic. at this point I have to bow out, as I don't know jill about lossy formats and compatibility... but I will say that I was real intimidated by shn and flac both at the start, FWIW, so it might be bothersome.

...that flash idea someone mentioned sounds promising for smaller files.Pedant 21:06, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)

I think sticking with the OGG only policy is probably wisest, it's in keeping with the free nature of wiki, and the good quality at low bitrates will be nicer to the bandwidth. However, encoding tutorials/guidlines are probably a must for a majority of users, and any sounds linked will need to also link to a page explaining how to get them to play. --Zippedmartin 01:45, 7 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * (Speaking as the one who scrapped and rewrote this page) - I linked the necessary software from here and even put together/got permission for the Windows download for timidity. If someone else wants to come along and write the necessary tutorials, I be very grateful. Otherwise, I'll get around to it eventually.
 * About formats - we use ogg. Next to mp3, it's pretty much the only compressed sound format that has even a modicum of support in most people's software. End of discussion
 * agreed.Rvalles 15:48, Oct 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * About whether or not we should be storing sounds - yes, absolutely positively we should - storing media. In fact, that's what the upcoming Wikicommons will be for. If you don't like it, take it up with Jimbo. →Raul654 01:52, Aug 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * If we have enormous bandwidth, great... I can't wait for Moe article to have a link to Moe_at_the_Scrapyard_1992-02-25_full_show.ogg etc.  Is this actually going to happen?  and Every Grateful Dead concert ever played? hey, if we can actually do it, and handle the bandwidth, I'm all for it.Pedant 03:36, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Clips of copyrighted songs?
What's the law about using clips of copyrighted songs? Can you use a short clip without being in violation of copyright? Thanks. Mattingly23 14:30, 7 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * See Copyright FAQ; specifically, the fair use section. →Raul654 16:17, Aug 7, 2004 (UTC)

Uploaded Vorbis files
I don't understand the motivation for the list of uploaded Ogg Vorbis music clips that was recently pasted into this article. It's absurdly dynamic, incredibly incomplete, and not a proper element of an article on sound guidelines for Wikipedia. If there is a reason to create a complete list, it should be in its own article, like List of Ogg Vorbis music clips. I'd move it myself, but I have no current use for Ogg files and feel someone who thinks it useful should do so. I'm inclined to delete this section, and plan to in a week or two unless someone justifies its inclusion here. — Jeff Q 23:33, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * (Speaking as the one who rewrote most of this page) - I agree, the list needs to be deleted. →Raul654 23:46, Aug 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * The list was previously in Vorbis, where it certainly doesn't belong. As it is an article about Wikipedia, it should go in the Wikipedia: namespace. -- stw (Talk) 09:03, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * This list is impossible to maintain (it's missing at least the 1/2 dozen ogg files I uploaded, for example), and adds very little useful information. →Raul654 09:43, Aug 16, 2004 (UTC)
 * Well it does add something, i for one would like a list of classical works in one place, however it defenetly should not be on this page. -- Ævar Arnfjörð [ Bjarmason]   14:56, 2004 Aug 16 (UTC)
 * I don't know why I'm so interested in commenting on this, but here's an idea for those who want this kind of list. Establish a standard method for categorizing sound clips by genre (either using Categories or some key words in the description text on the "image" page). Create one or more "Wikipedia:List of [genre] sound clips" which include only those in the genre. Create a bot to periodically query the database to pull appropriate clips and update the list(s). Does this sound workable (no pun intended)? — Jeff Q 15:13, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

MP3s
Is there any consensus about uploaded MP3 files? I noticed this one. My understanding of the current policy is that MP3s are not allowed, but I'm not sure where to bring it up (I don't know of a page like Images for deletion for sound files). Thanks. Wmahan. 18:00, 2004 Sep 5 (UTC)
 * They need to be converted (assuming that they are kosher copyright-wise). →Raul654 18:03, Sep 5, 2004 (UTC)

OK, maybe a "sounds for conversion" category would be useful for keeping track of the sounds that need to be re-enoded as Vorbis. I won't worry about the procedure for deleting media files until they get converted. Wmahan. 18:28, 2004 Sep 5 (UTC)

I have made Category: MP3 sounds to keep track of MP3 files until someone converts them or otherwise removes them. Wmahan. 03:23, 2004 Sep 10 (UTC)

User:Etz Haim/Tech Corner
You are invited to review my Tech Corner. Comments and suggestions will be appreciated. Etz Haim 06:17, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Redesigning our stance on multimedia
I've started a page, Multimedia to discuss developing a better strategy for encouraging and enabling the use of sounds and videos in wikimedia projects. Among other things, it includes an attempt at a much more user-friendly replacement for this page. Please check it out. - IMSoP 16:44, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

WAV vs FLAC
I think that allowing for WAVs isn't a good policy. WAV is a container which can store stuff in propietary, restricted, audio codecs and we don't want that. It can store audio in a raw uncompressed format, which isn't optimal at all, so we don't want it either. So I suggest using FLAC for the few cases where lossless audio is needed.

Trying to upload MIDIs
Hello all,

I am trying to upload some MIDI files to illustrate the article on the Goldberg Variations. The MIDI files are very small (most of them are 10KB or less) and I have permission from Bachcentral.com to upload them to Wikipedia. However, when I try to upload them I get a message saying "Upload warning ".mid" is not a recommended image file format." and the system won't let me upload them. If anyone could help me out with this I would greatly appreciate it. -spencer195 02:34, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * If you would please read the article (Sound), it tells you how to convert them to ogg, which is the preferred format. →Raul654 02:36, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * But OGG files take up much more space and there would probably be a reduction in sound quality in the conversion process. -spencer195 02:53, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * In this case, comparing them directly is apples to oranges. Midi is a format for digitally sythesized music (Think of it as being sheet music for your sound card). However, midi (A) varies from sythesizer to sythesizer, and (b) cannot encode all sounds; just what sheet music can produce. That's why it sound artificial. We don't want midi for these reasons. Ogg is high fidelity. It can reproduce real sounds. On the other hand, unlike midi, Ogg has to store lots of information, and it's harder to modifty later. However, for our purposes as an encyclopedia project, both of these are acceptable. →Raul654 03:26, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * So can someone who has access modify the Wikipedia software settings so I can upload MIDIs? The instructions for doing this are at meta:Help:Images_and_other_uploaded_files:

 * If you want to upload other file types then .jpg or .ogg (like for example .pdf) in newer versions of mediawiki, you have to add the line $wgFileExtensions = array( 'png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'ogg','doc','xls','ppt','mp3','sxc','pdf' );to the LocalSettings.php file

 * I assume you would have to add "mid" and "midi" to the list. Thanks in advance if you can do this.  -spencer195 04:05, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I think you misunderstood me. When I said "both of these are acceptable" - I meant that 'Ogg has to store lots of information, and it's harder to modifty later' - even in spite of these, Ogg is an acceptable format. Midi is not acceptable, for the reasons laid out above. →Raul654 04:41, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * But the files I have were originally encoded as MIDI, so there would be nothing to be gained by converting to OGG. Plus, MIDI has some additional features, like the ability to change the speed of the music and the instruments that are used.  -spencer195 04:54, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Right, it's more usable in that respect. However, like I said, midi sounds substantially different from computer to computer (depending on the sythesizer and the sound palate used), and it cannot encode real sounds, which is why it sounds artificial. →Raul654 04:58, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't see how can that be a problem. Even if a piano solo midi will sound different from one computer to another, both will sound like pianos. I'd just recommend ogg in cases of multi-track midis or with certain instruments, like violin and cello, that are usually horrible in midi playback   — Kieff | Talk 05:12, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)

You can hear the files that I wanted to upload here:
 * http://www.bachcentral.com/gold/var1.mid
 * http://www.bachcentral.com/gold/var2.mid
 * http://www.bachcentral.com/gold/var3c1.mid
 * http://www.bachcentral.com/gold/var4.mid
 * http://www.bachcentral.com/gold/var5.mid

...et. al

 * http://www.bachcentral.com/gold/goldberg.mid (Complete version)

I think they sound close enough to piano performances for illustrative purposes, and their very small size, plus the fact that they've been cleared for copyright makes me think that they're ideal for Wikipedia. -spencer195 05:35, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Go on don't care for the warning midi is perfect for this. Ericd 22:18, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)

But the system won't let me. I think somebody needs to change the Wikipedia software settings so it will allow MIDI files. -spencer195 23:22, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, the check is now non-ignorable for security reasons. Try making your case to a developer on an appropriate IRC channel or Mailing list - IMSoP 19:40, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)

That was a long discussion for answering only one question (with a "no"). What would be the appropriate channel or list? Hyacinth 20:28, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * #MediaWiki and Wikitech-l, respectively. - IMSoP 20:40, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Wikipedia already has midi files:

 * A)Not many. B)The file-type check used to be a lot less restrictive. You'll find all sorts of crazy files if you look hard enough. (Not that that's a comment on whether or not we should add MIDI's, just a confirmation that we currently can't, even though some are already there). - IMSoP 20:40, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

From what I've been able to gather in the three minutes I've been trying to find out, MIDI files seem to be disallowed because of security issues more than anything else, but it's not entirely clear to me at the moment (investigations are on-going ;). I certainly don't think there's any reason to universally disallow them if there isn't a security issue: of course, they're not ideal for all sound, but in many cases they are, since it often doesn't matter exactly what sound is made, so long as the notes are right. --Camembert

On Thu, 28 Oct 2004, Mikhail Abraham wrote to the Wikitech I mailing list: I have been directed by User:IMSoP to contact this mailing list in regards to uploading MIDI files for use on wikipedia. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Sound#Trying_to_upload_MIDIs

At least two wikipedians (including myself) would like to be able to add and use MIDI files on wikipedia, as was the capability in the past. We believe they are a common format and allow for smaller file sizes. It has been suggested by User:Raul654 that MIDI files are unsuitable because their performance is unpredictable, and by User:Camembert that they are not currently allowed for security issues. Hyacinth

 * I strongly support the use of MIDI files. Is a very common standard that almost every computer out there can play, and can be easily converted into a staff. It's optimal to implement things like national anthems and song snippets. Alfio Puglisi.

 * Is there any easy way to verify that a file is a MIDI file?

We only allow uploads of files for which we can verify that the content matches the file suffix. JeLuF.
 * Yes, there is. The first 4 bytes are "MThd". Paranoid 21:57, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * The Unix file command supports many file formats, including MIDI files:

 * moeller@peace:~/projekte/wiki$ file Soundtrack.mid
 * Soundtrack.mid: Standard MIDI data (format 1) using 12 tracks at 1/120
 * moeller@peace:~/projekte/wiki$ mv Soundtrack.mid xyue3r923
 * moeller@peace:~/projekte/wiki$ file xyue3r923
 * xyue3r923: Standard MIDI data (format 1) using 12 tracks at 1/120

 * file uses header information ("magic numbers") to determine the file type. Erik.

 * Unfortunately, this would probably not be enough to combat the security concerns. Internet Explorer has a serious security vulnerability that causes it to "spot" HTML (and JavaScript) inside files which all evidence (file extension, MIME type) suggests are some other format. Thus, a file might be able to be named "foo.mid", begin with "MThd", but still contain enough HTML that IE would execute JavaScript inside it, and therefore compromise security. - IMSoP 23:19, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Message: 1 Date: Fri, 12 Nov 2004 15:46:21 +0100 From: Daniel Kinzler  Subject: [Wikitech-l] File Uploads: allow SVG, MIDI, etc To: Wikimedia developers  Message-ID: <4194CCBD.8090305@brightbyte.de> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed

Hello all.

The fact that SVG, MIDI and other formats are blocked is getting really annoying. People complain about it over and over, and it's a bad situation also regarding the fact that the GFDL calls for the "transparent source" of a document.

As I understand it those formats are blocked because MSIE interprets everything as HTML that *looks* like HTML. It was then stated that in order to circumvent this, a varifyer would have to be written for all formats. I do not understand why this is so, and I would like to suggest a simple solution:

the output, which is (a pretty good guess of) the mime-type of the file.
 * when a file is uploaded, run "file -bi" against that file and remember
 * if the mime type is "text/html", refuse the upload.
 * if the mime type is a forbidden format (exe, etc), refuse the upload.

That should be enough. If you want to be picky about the files type, also do the following:

returned by file in that table. If it mismatches the file extension, warn about it and refuse to upload. Skip the test if the mime-type is not in the table.
 * have a map of mime-types-to-file-extensions. Look up the mime-type

If we are concerned about viruses in general, why not run a virus scanner against every uploaded files? Uploads are not the frequent, CPU should be able to cope with that.

BTW: may I also suggest to convert the file-extensions to lowercase in the same step the " "-to-"_" conversion happens? That would be great...

Please excuse me if this was all a pile of rubbish based on a misunderstanding - just point it out. Furthermore, i'm willing to write a routine that does the above, or anything else neccessary, provided i do not have to dig deep into the Mediawiki-code. Just tell me the specs of the function, and i'll post it here.

-- Hompeage: http://brightbyte.de

Message: 6 Date: Fri, 12 Nov 2004 14:55:24 -0800 From: Brion Vibber  Subject: Re: [Wikitech-l] File Uploads: allow SVG, MIDI, etc To: Wikimedia developers  Message-ID:  Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

On Nov 12, 2004, at 6:46 AM, Daniel Kinzler wrote: > The fact that SVG, MIDI and other formats are blocked is getting > really annoying. People complain about it over and over, and it's a > bad situation also regarding the fact that the GFDL calls for the > "transparent source" of a document. > > As I understand it those formats are blocked because MSIE interprets > everything as HTML that *looks* like HTML. It was then stated that in > order to circumvent this, a varifyer would have to be written for all > formats. I do not understand why this is so, and I would like to > suggest a simple solution:

We have a heuristic check which attempts to match MSIE's heuristic test for HTML and rejects anything that matches. Hopefully it's good enough for that, though there may be other dangerous formats that it attempts to recognize, or other checks in the HTML heuristic which I might have missed.

MSIE's MIME type "detection" (the process in which it throws away the server's specified content-type information and pulls a new one out of  its butt in an unreliable, insecure manner) is partially documented here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/workshop/networking/moniker/overview/ appendix_a.asp

MIDI is probably safe. It doesn't seem to be in IE's internally recognized list of types, so it shouldn't try to autodetect.

SVG is a more dangerous format; IIRC it explicitly allows for the use of JavaScript. Would you mind testing the main SVG-supporting browsers (particularly the Adobe SVG Viewer plug-in running in MSIE and Mozilla) to ensure that JavaScript in a SVG file can't access cookies or hijack the containing browser window?

> * when a file is uploaded, run "file -bi" against that file and > remember the output, which is (a pretty good guess of) the mime-type > of the file.

MediaWiki can't generally rely on 'file' since it's an external program. It may not give consistent results on all platforms, and is completely absent on some (such as Windows). It's also known to fail to catch the MSIE holes, which can detect HTML on actual valid image files.

> * have a map of mime-types-to-file-extensions. Look up the mime-type > returned by file in that table. If it mismatches the file extension, > warn about it and refuse to upload. Skip the test if the mime-type is > not in the table.

For known image types, we already check that the detected image type matches the extension.

> If we are concerned about viruses in general, why not run a virus > scanner against every uploaded files? Uploads are not the frequent, > CPU should be able to cope with that.

Mainly we're concerned about JavaScript session hijacking, but other problems are a concern as well. Feel free to whip up a wrapper around clamav or something, that might be useful...

-- brion vibber (brion @ pobox.com)

Stop the openness zealotry
I think people who oppose MP3s for ideological reasons need to relax. I don't think it's bad for Wikipedia to use formats which are not 100% patent-free. The point of Wikipedia is to make an open encyclopedia. In this case it would be achieved better if MP3s and other such formats were allowed. For some reasons noone objects to the fact that Wikipedia requires a use of a CPU and all CPUs so far are heavily patent-protected. So what's wrong with requiring use of MP3-enabled software? Paranoid 21:56, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * These formats can be played by more people than OGG. More freedom to users
 * These formats can be played by open-source applications.
 * These formats can be converted to other formats using open-source tools.

 * Well, according to our own article on MP3, the problem is very simple: "Until the key patents expire, Open Source Software / Free Software encoders and players appear to be illegal in countries that recognize software patents." (see section MP3) So, if we allow MP3s, we are arguably forcing users to either use proprietary software that is licenced by Fraunhofer/Thomson, or break the law. Maybe we shouldn't care, but if we want to be really clear about spreading content to the world, that seems a pretty nasty corner to push people into - especially given that Fraunhofer/Thomson can presumably change their licencing procedures whenever they want...

 * It's not like this is really a big deal. Why should Wikipedia take it on itself to promote open source through such zealotry? What's wrong with using Winamp to convert an MP3? What's wrong with paying for an application if you need to convert them. By any realistic standard of openness and freedom an MP3 on Wikipedia with content licensed under GFDL would be open and free. Anything else is really stupid and people should realise that Wikipedia may have goals different from what Stallman, for example, has.

 * The aim of Wikipedia is, is it not, to create a resource which is usable by anyone and everyone; if a payment were required to legally decode (i.e. listen to) an MP3 (OK, that's unlikely, but not impossible) no amount of GFDL licensing would make MP3s on Wikipedia free to use. And converting compressed audio is generally a bad idea (broadly speaking, lossy compression → raw data → different lossy compression = double the lossiness) so once we've got MP3s on our hands, we're pretty much stuck with them. Personally, that's one of the main reasons I support standardising on Oggs, or some other open standard: it makes a lot of sense to standardise on something (so we can have appropriate help pages; so that people don't need to deal with multiple players/plugins/authoring software; so that, in general, we can have a clear policy and not get in a muddle every time someone wants to upload something), and we might as well pick something we're not going to regret later.

 * And (bad help pages notwithstanding) it's really not that hard to listen to an Ogg file; everyone makes out like you need to be able to write assembly language to hear Ogg Vorbis, but can listen to an MP3 as long as you have something more than an Apple II. [You might like to see my proposed new help page at meta:Multimedia/Help:Listening to sounds; let me know what you think of it] - IMSoP 17:25, 17 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * As for requiring a CPU, I don't think this is comparable at all: we are not requiring users to use a particular patented algorithm; the data put out by this website adheres to the open standards of the Internet, which could theoretically be implemented without any CPU whatsoever, or with some patent-free device. But if we served MP3s it would be impossible to use that content without breach of the patents (in jurisdictions where such patents exist).

 * But anyway, this argument has been gone over time and time again, and I guess we're never going to get a real agreement on it; generally, the Ogg-only policy seems to have stuck so far; maybe just by inertia, maybe because there are enough people that actually think it's a good idea; in the end, who's to say what the "right" answer is? - IMSoP 23:12, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * I think the reason is that at the moment there isn't much pressing need for multimedia content on the Wikipedia. And also, those people who tend to go fanatical about Ogg have more time to waste in pointless debates on Wikipedia. I would have contributed a few videos, perhaps, but since I can't do it, I will just say "Fuck those idiot oggers" and stick to photos and text. Sad, but true. Paranoid 01:10, 17 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * You seem to be plenty fanatical about your own opinion to me. I resent being called an "idiot ogger" when I've taken the time to respond to you. And the sheer number of debates seems to put a lie to your argument anyway: the status quo is "Oggs only", so every time the argument is raised, it is being raised by someone who wants MP3s as well/instead. It seems to me both sides can be equally zealous, but certain things have tended to lend weight toward sticking with open formats. (Including, at the least democratic end, the opinions of our founder and "benevolent dictator", Jimbo Wales) As for videos, that's a whole nother kettle of fish, since no-one's really very clear yet what format we should use for that - and there's not a lot of point having every video in a different format, and hoping people will work out all the different software they need, is there? - IMSoP 17:25, 17 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Need Clear Directions on Uploading
I have two very small, very simple WAV files which I would like to upload. I've visited the Help Page, this page, the Sound page, and the Wiki-Media site. NOWHERE does it actually say how to upload these files. When using the "Upload File" button, an error message occurs stating wav is not a valid image format. Of course not, its a sound file. How does one upload WAV files to this site? Please help! -Husnock 12Jan04

 * Wikipedia calls all uploads "images" and that is not the problem. WAV files are probably disallowed, as are MIDIs, see above. Hyacinth 21:19, 12 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Music clips project
Those following this page may be interested in the discussion on my talk page regarding my current project to record and upload certain classical keyboard works. The Uninvited Co., Inc. 21:33, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

aacPlus?
Has there been any consideration of allowing the use of the aacPlus audio format on Wikipedia? I suppose it may have the same/similar patent issues as MP3, but it seems to be a relatively open format (a variant of it is used for a digital radio standard—Digital Radio Mondiale). The big plus here is that files can be reduced in size quite a bit more than MP3 (48kbit is supposedly "CD quality"—check out some of the streams at Tuner2.com), which would be a big help for people on dial-up. Winamp supports it natively, the VLC media player works across platforms, and other programs like iTunes will probably have it Real Soon Now™. Of course, I don't know how much CPU horsepower it requires. —User:Mulad (talk) 20:00, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * It's patent encumbered, see this article or this article. Also, quality is not as good as Vorbis, see the results of this listening test and the other material at hydrogenaudio.org.  Bear in mind that all other lossy formats are better than MP3 at the same bitrate.  Differences between, say, Vorbis and AAC and ATRAC3 and MPC are relatively small by comparison.

 * I myself find our concern with the decoder patents a little puzzling and overprincipled. Absent that concern, we would be best off using MP3, because it is so widely supported.  The Uninvited Co., Inc. 15:38, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Note that I'm talking aacPlus, also known as "High Efficiency AAC," an improved version of AAC (Hmm, you linked to HE-AAC articles, so I'm kinda confused). You're probably right about the patent stuff, though    —User:Mulad (talk) 18:47, Feb 16, 2005 (UTC)

Suggest to allow MID & WAV as per policy
After some pretty excited debate a while ago, the approved file formats for Wikipedia were deemed from on high to be: And while many people had objections, this seemed to be both accepted and ended the debate.
 * OGG
 * WAV
 * MID

However since we can no longer upload .WAV or .MID files, the policy has effectively returned to the old '.OGG only' by a configuration change.

I think .WAV and .MID files should be allowed as per the policy. --Zarni02 10:03, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * On the merits, there is probably no longer a reason to use .WAV files. At one time they were the only widely-supported sound format, and that is clearly no longer the case.  .WAV converts easily and well to .OGG.  As for .MID files, the main problem with them is that the playback experience can vary widely and unpredictably depending on the capabilities and configuration of the listener's sound driver.  The main advantage of them is that they are more readily editable and, for those proficient who possess the right tools, more suitable for reuse for other activities unrelated to the encyclopedia.  I don't think that goal is within the remit of the project, so I would support an OGG-only policy.  I would prefer, however, such a policy's source to be consensus rather than technical fiat.  The Uninvited Co., Inc. 17:08, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * From my experience MIDI uploads will not happen unless one of us gains the technical skills and access to impliment that configuration change. Hyacinth 18:53, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I think UninvitedCompany is generally right here. We also need to balance the convenience to creators, in being able to use their (suitably open) format of choice, against the convenience to readers (well, listeners actually) of not having to deal with a multiplicity of formats. While many players will of course support all of these, there's something to be said for picking a standard and sticking to it. This also makes it easier to manage the level of tech support instructions we should provide. --Michael Snow 23:02, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * About differences in MIDI playback from setup to setup; who cares? Seriously, for demonstrating music theory and melodies (if only for reminding users "ah, so that's the composer of that piece"), for instance, it's more than good enough and very bandwidth friendly. Sure, MIDI has its limitations, but it also has its uses and benefits. I see it as a good thing. :-) – Pladask 17:22, Mar 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * When the user goes to open that OGG file, do they get a decent message? I hadn't heard of OGG before seeing bug 1633 and I don't think most people have either. Brianjd | Why restrict HTML? | 10:05, 2005 May 1 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Why does this page say that everything except full length songs belong at Commons and still there's a whole bunch of pronunciation files as well as guidelines to uploading them there? Is there a point to not uploading pronunciation files at Commons as well? - karmosin 22:40, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * That sentence is in error (that's not what it originally said, but it was not updated properly, and I'm probably the one to blame). →Raul654 19:05, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

 * Phew. I almost thought I had done a lot of stupid uploading! - karmosin 19:47, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

Just wanted to add my 2 cents: It's ridiculous to limit sound files to .ogg. - Nunh-huh 02:01, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)

MP3s banned from wikipedia?
Can we at least get a better error message than, ".mp3 is not a recommended image format"? - which doesn't quite get the message across, considering that (1) Duh, MP3 is not an image file format, and (2) "not recommended" does not imply forbidden.

I disagree with the policy of banning MP3s. Most public domain sound files you can download over the Internet are in MP3 format. We don't want people to take these files and degrade them by transcoding to OGG. Mirror Vax 00:49, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia talk:Sound


text:
User talk:Zabaione~enwiki

Hi Martin,

I was the new user who joined just before you did - what do you do in Liverpool? I was born there and spent the first 18 years of life there, but now living in London.

All the best

Phil

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Zabaione. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Zabaione~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

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Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 20:49, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Zabaione~enwiki


text:
Talk:Neuroimaging

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Jw701.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 05:09, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Article too complex
This article is too complex, IMHO. It needs heavy copy-editing, some restructuring and, of course, wikification. As it is, it reads too much like a scientific paper, not an encyclopedia article, I can understand everything by carefully reading the text, but skimming through the article left me as confused as before opening it. Paranoid 09:09, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Agree with User:paranoid. Also some small things (which I can help to correct), like inconsistent terminology (CT/CAT). I don't know ehich of this is the more common term in English, unfortunately.
 * In the large picture the article is rather long and the main article and the introduction have some overlap. IMHO the Practical Achievements and Implications sections should better be located in a separate article, name to be determined. Or perhaps simply doing a dedicated Functional Brain Imaging article, where all the nice research stuff may go, and in plain old Brain Imaging we can expand on the most used techniques CAT and MRI and their typical use in neurosurgery?
 * I don't want to rush to any action just now and would like to hear from the contributors.
 * Pjacobi 09:06, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I tend to think the second approach is better (with some modifications). The Brain imaging needs to give the general picture, but touch all aspects - history, methods, practical results as of today and future prospects. Confusingly, there is a bit of history in the introduction, later in history and then in recent breakthroughs. I think these sections need to be combined into one History with parts of the text moved into a next section Methods (or techniques). Then the Practical results section should go (it's not yet worth creating a separate articles for the bullet list of 5 items, IMHO) and finally the Implications... or Future prospects. Wherether there is too much technical details, that information can be moved into the corresponding articles (or removed if it already has this info).Paranoid 15:11, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree that this article needs work, but Wikipedia needed a starting point for such an article, and I think the natural evolutionary modifications will improve this first shot greatly. -- Brinticus 12:25, 4 August 2004

 * I split off most of the article into History of brain imaging. Perhaps there are some things in there that should have remained in the main article- I'm not sure, since it's still such a long article, but now it's not quite so daunting. Sayeth 19:44, Aug 17, 2004 (UTC)

Image request
It might be nice to have a graph showing the relative spatial and temporal resolution of each technique. I saw a similar graph in a presentation once, where the spatial and temporal resolution were the X and Y axes, and each technique was a blob which stretched over the graph. --NeuronExMachina 09:46, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Rename/Merger
I'm proposing this article be renamed to Neuroimaging. This phrase is more technically correct. A google search for the EXACT phrase '"brain imaging"' yields ~1.5 million hits, whereas 'neuroimaging' offers ~2 million. Semiconscious ( talk  · home) 08:22, 29 December 2005 (UTC)

Merge from
A new article was recently created: Brain mapping. I've suggested that article be merged into neuroimaging as a subsection. If someone thinks "mapping" is distinct enough from "imaging" however, I will remove the notice. Cheers! S e  miconscious  •  talk  21:55, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

I think "mapping" is more indicative of ascertaining the regional distribution of receptor systems (e.g. PET and SPECT binding of [11C] raclopride and [123I] IBZM to probe D2 receptors in vivo), while "imaging" is more indicative of acquiring absolute images of structure (e.g. MRI in vivo). I agree with the reply below that they are distinct, although I think this probably comes down more to my personal preference for the use of the terms rather than any sort of standardized terminology. --ARCrawford 14:39, 26 June 2006 (UTC)

Brain Mapping and Neuroimaging are related, but definetely distinct!
Despite the fact that the phrases "brain mapping" and "neuroimaging" frequently go together these are very distinct and deserve their individual domains, albeit with links to each other. Neuroimaging pertains to the protocols and techniques for acquirering and pre-rpcessing (e.g., skull stripping, tissue classification, region-of-interest delineation, etc.) Brain Mapping, on the other hand, refers to the computational techniques and tools for modeling, mapping and statistics on integrated brain structure and function. We need to make this distrinction. Neither of these two areas is a sub-field of the other, hence I'd recommend separation.
 * I would be happy to have them separate or list brain mapping and functional neuroimaging as sub-sections. I don't think there is a clear reason to go either way. -kslays 20:04, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Brain Mapping and Neuroimaging are definitely distinct!
Concurring with user kslay, the field of Brain Mapping is the science of associating brain structure and function and of mapping the physical cartography of the brain. Neuroimaging is a set of methods to visualize the neurons or their activity at a variety of scales, and may have no direct relationship to brain mapping. —Preceding unsigned comment added by MarkSCohen (talk • contribs) 01:47, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

Electromagnetic brain animation
This newish article is being proposed for deletion. Can some experts weigh in on whether this technique is notable or not? Scarykitty 05:51, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

Not sure how to even respond to the "notable or not" comment. Electromagnetic brain animation has been making its way through the biotechnology/neuroscience academic gauntlet coming up on 15 years now. At this stage of the game it would be rare indeed for any serious academia to not be well aware of EBA and its seminal potential for the mental health field. As a current example; at least two of the most respected governmental science agencies in the United States have signed 'nondisclosure' contracts with the Behavior Research Institute so that they might be allowed in depth access to the total process and methodology of EBA. Basically speaking, 'transcranial magnetic stimulation' is the forerunner of 'electromagnetic brain animation'. A decent analogy could be TMS as an X-Ray machine and EBA as Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

It's not something that we wish to do at the moment, however, if others wanted to add EBA to Wikipedia it would probably take less than a day to gather adequate data, verify and write out a decent explanatory narration.

Lisa Perales President Educating Diverse Learners, LLC —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.102.166.32 (talk) 23:03, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

Single-cell recording
Isn't single-cell recording also a neuroimaging technique? Lova Falk 09:32, 24 May 2007 (UTC)

And, now that I think of it, Electroencephalography? Lova Falk 18:29, 24 May 2007 (UTC)

Well, they're certainly taught as "experimental methods", but I've never heard them referred to as "imaging" techniques. I'd argue they're absolutely perfect examples of the distinction between brain mapping and imaging.--MilFlyboy (talk) 05:20, 18 May 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 16:30, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Merging again
There are multiple pages with related content. Brain mapping is discussed above. Functional neuroimaging and functional imaging are two other articles. These topics could be distinct in principle, i would suggest to merge these articles until each subsection grows sufficiently large to merit its own article, then we could add them into one category. Kpmiyapuram (talk) 17:49, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I removed the merge proposal with brain mapping from Sept 2007. Both subjects are notable enough to have it's own Wikipedia entry. There are several books over the years that list brain mapping in the booktitle. This is proof enough that brain mapping is a notable concept. -- Marcel Douwe Dekker (talk) 18:33, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

 * For the same reason I removed the merge proposal with Functional neuroimaging -- Marcel Douwe Dekker (talk) 19:01, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

EEG
Why isn't there a subsection on electroencephalograms on this page? 193.203.134.198 (talk) 18:26, 8 May 2008 (UTC)Dan

Kinda pushes the definition of imaging, doesn't it? Is seismography geoimagery? :-p --MilFlyboy (talk) 05:33, 18 May 2008 (UTC)
 * It can be! And often is!  Far more than EEGs ever do for the brain.  S  B Harris 19:58, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

Based on the definition provided at the start of this article I would suggest that the EEG can be regarded as a neuroimaging technique; it provides information regarding the functioning of the brain. Also, although the raw data does not provide an image of the brain and its functioning per se, it does provide visual information regarding its functioning. Also, many modern computer computer programs that display this information can and do provide a colour coded image of the brain, displaying varying levels of activity. Dan —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.63.128.68 (talk) 19:08, 24 July 2008 (UTC)
 * That's an artifically-generated image. You could be missing one hemisphere of your brain, and it would still give you an "image" for the missing half, marked as "low activity." But that's not really what we normally mean by "imaging". I could as easily attach temperature sensors to your body and "image" you by putting numbers up as colors on a computer generated figure. Wow, one of your legs is really cool and blue! You say it's artificial? Wups. Or that it's missing completely, so the tech just left those sensors dangling? But wait, I still see the image of it on my screen like Kirlian photography! That kind of thing would never happen with data from a CT scanner. S  B Harris 04:55, 25 July 2008 (UTC)

I don't think citing potential downfalls due to potential mistakes made by the operater is a valid arguement. Also, what exactly do you mean by an artificially generated image. Every technique uses computer programs to take the information from the hardware and generate an image of the brain. Neuroimaging techniques are used not only for structural imaging as you are referring, but also functional imaging, which is exactly what an EEG does. Again, referring to the article in question, it seems to me that the EEG satisfies the criteria for a neuroimaging technique; It is a technique to indirectly image the function of the brain. It can be used to diagnose metabolic diseases and also for neurological and cognitive psychology research and building brain-computer interfaces. Increased brain activity causes these areas to 'light up'. Dan 19:21, 25 July 2008 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.24.251.138 (talk) 16:50, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
 * What I mean by artificially generated image, is that you get the same brain image whether there's brain there or not. If you take the EEG of anything that shows electrical activity, including a random section of your posterior, your machine will still show you the image of a human brain-- with very bad or funny EEG readings stuck onto it (if you have an EEG machine which will output an image of your butt if you connect to that, please post the make and model). An "imager" is not any machine that shows you an image! S  B Harris 04:43, 26 July 2008 (UTC)

The following is the accepted definition of neuroimaging that is used for this article: 'Neuroimaging includes the use of various techniques to either directly or indirectly image the structure, function/pharmacology of the brain. It is a relatively new discipline within medicine and neuroscience/psychology.' I believe, based on my studies and usage of the technique, that the EEG satisfies these criteria laid out in the aforementioned definition. Consequently the technique should at least be mentioned in this article. This is my point. The discussion above is to a certain extent irrelevant to my point; instead it regards the validity of this definition. Therefore in using this definintion we are accepting that the EEG is in fact a neuroimaging technique. Dan

I think calling EEG an imaging technique is stretching things a bit (what is the spatial resolution of an EEG 'image'?). However, it is often used in a similar context to fMRI, which is also typically overlaid on a reference image. I think there should be an EEG section on this page, but also an explanation of why it is not really imaging. Also, isn't the same true for MEG? (BTW Dan, how about signing up so we can see your edits? It only takes a moment) GyroMagician (talk) 07:45, 1 September 2008 (UTC)

Science News resources

 * http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/334808/title/The_minds_eye_revealed_ "The mind's eye revealed; New technology uses brain scans to see what a person is watching" by Laura Sanders November 19th, 2011; Vol.180 #11 (p. 12) 97.87.29.188 (talk) 22:41, 25 November 2011 (UTC)
 * previously http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/335866/title/First_brain_image_of_a_dream_created "First brain image of a dream created; Feat opens the door to probing the stuff of nocturnal dramas" by Laura Sanders Web edition : Friday, November 4th, 2011 97.87.29.188 (talk) 22:39, 25 November 2011 (UTC)

History of neuroimaging page
The page History of neuroimaging has a recent breakthroughs section. It contains some methods of neuroimaging that are not listed in this page including near infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and single neuron imaging. Would the whole recent breakthroughs section be better placed in this article or atleast these other methods added? I'd add them myself only this isn't my area of expertise so I'm not sure whats relevant

MitchMcM (talk) 10:21, 6 February 2012 (UTC)

fEITER
should add Functional Electrical Impedance Tomography by Evoke Response (fEITER)

Carpenter, Jennifer (13 June 2011). "Images capture moment brain goes unconscious". BBC News: Science & Environment (UK: BBC). Retrieved 20 February 2013. David Woodward ☮ ♡♢☞☽ 06:14, 21 February 2013 (UTC)

 * As far as I can see the technique is being used only by one group at Edinburgh, and they only have a couple of minor publications -- but if you would like to add a brief mention, I myself wouldn't have any objection. Looie496 (talk) 06:24, 21 February 2013 (UTC)

DOI Corrections and EROS section
1) Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) is quantitatively compared to MRI in paper Eggebrecht et al. (NeuroImage 61 2012 1120–1128) and matches at high resolution. The DOI section should be updated to reflect more recent studies.

2) I don't see how EROS is any different from DOT/DOI. There are a lot of names floating around for the same technology.  They all describe optical imaging using infrared and frequency modulated light.  I suggest the EROS section be merged with DOT and called DOT or "Optical Tomography" to keep everyone happy.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.173.129.26 (talk) 18:38, 27 March 2013 (UTC)

Brain function map
Back in 2006, "Brain function map" was merged to this article, which was a mistake because this article does not include even one brain function map. Such a map would show a side view of the cortex with function names (NOT anatomical names) on each gyrus, both lateral and medial views. For example "primary visual cortex" on Brodmann area 17, etc. I was not able to find such a brain function map in Wikipedia. All of the anatomical books I checked are focused on anatomy and do not contain brain function maps, which are distinct from "brain mapping" and deserve a separate article. Greensburger (talk) 04:06, 29 November 2014 (UTC)

Rollback
I have removed this from the article, as it is promotional and reads like a press release, and because we are not a crystal ball (WP:NOT):
 * "It will be more temporally precise than fMRI and more spatially precise than EEG . It might be as safe as ultrasound. Expect human trials for FDA safety-tests to start in circa 2019 . The R&D work for ABI was funded by the BRAIN Initiative." --Tom (LT) (talk) 10:37, 25 September 2017 (UTC)

Addition of New Section
Hi everyone,

As part of my advanced writing class we were asked to improve part of a wikipedia article, and since Neuroimaging was one of the top-importance articles with a start-class rating for the Neuroscience WikiProject I chose it as my article to work on. The section "Comparison of imaging types" came to my attention because it was so short and also had a claim about gamma rays that was marked dubious. A quick google search found no real basis to this statement and most sites actually stated that gamma rays were the most dangerous compared to alpha and beta. I decided to work on a new section to replace this section, "Advantages and Concerns of Neuroimaging Methods" as my contribution. This section discuss safety concerns of different methods and also discusses advantages that certain neuroimaging methods may have over one another.

This is my first contribution to wikipedia so feedback, suggestions, and revisions are welcome and appreciated. Thank you!

Jw701 (talk) 17:59, 10 April 2018 (UTC)

 * I think the section takes a very narrow view of some of the techniques and their applications. For eg, fMRI has better temporal resolution than PET but the latter has practical implications where fMRI isn't helpful- eg evaluation of dementia, tremor, epilepsy localization. fMRI is itself limited by the low temporal resolution. There have also been concerns regarding validity of the statistics used by some common programs used to analyze the raw data and construct images. Also it would be ideal to have a subheading on MRI which is far more commonly used in clinical practice compared to PET and fMRI. Doctalks (talk) 17:28, 15 August 2022 (UTC)

Optoacoustic imaging
will try to add a section on this especially from the company open water, and from the NIH brain initiative.

title: Talk:Neuroimaging


text:
B105 FM

B105 (call sign 4BBB) is a commercial FM radio station broadcasting in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, on a frequency of 105.3 MHz, and is part of Southern Cross Austereo's Hit Network. The station has undergone numerous branding changes over the years; it was branded as B105 following its conversion from AM to FM. This lasted until a co-branding as Hit 105.3 B105, then as Hit B105 (dropping the "B" shortly after) and finally back to B105 in July 2020.

History
The station began life as 4BK, commencing transmission in 1930 on the AM band, initially on the frequency 1290 kHz before changing to 1300 kHz on 1 Sep 1935 (to accord with the new Australian 10 kHz channel spacing raster). Again the implementation by Australia of the 9 kHz channel spacing raster developed by the ITU and formalised in the 1975 Geneva Plan necessitated 4BK moving to 1296 kHz on 23 November 1978.

In 1988, the Austereo group purchased the station from Hoyts, intending to use it as a vehicle to bid for an FM conversion licence. Austereo won the FM licence, and in February 1990, the station changed its callsign to 4BBB (not used on-air except during test broadcasts, unlike the previous AM callsign) and commenced broadcasting on a frequency of 105.3 MHz with the on-air name B105.

Between March 1990 until 2006 it was the highest rating station in Brisbane, except in one ratings survey in 1994, beaten by AM station 4KQ.

In April 2011 the Austereo Group was purchased by Southern Cross Media for more than $700 million, and is now operated under the name Southern Cross Austereo.

On 6 March 2015, B105 rebranded as Hit 105. On 27 July 2020, Hit 105 rebranded back to B105.

Studios
The 4BK studio complex, an AM radio facility was located at 16 Campbell Street Bowen Hills. When the FM conversion license was granted, the Austereo group converted the premises to an FM facility and began broadcasting as B105 FM in 1990.

The B105 studio complex remained at the Bowen Hills location until July 2000, when Austereo relocated B105 and sister station Triple M into new combined premises at 309 North Quay, Brisbane. The new complex was the first in Australia to use the now defunct Klotz Digital audio system, which was revolutionary at the time however was replaced during a 2016 studio upgrade with Axia Fusion.

In June 2019, B105 moved from North Quay into new studios at The Barracks on Petrie Terrace.

Transmission
4BBB's FM transmission has always emanated from the TVQ Ten tower at Mount Coot-tha, Brisbane. The station originally used two Harris HT10 tube transmitters in an A/B failsafe configuration to deliver the service. In 2002 a new solid state Harris Z10CD transmitter was installed at the newly created TX Australia facility, located under the TVQ Ten tower. The existing HT10 transmitter now serves as a backup facility located at the BTQ Seven tower, 1 km away from Channel Ten on Mount Coot-tha. B105's service is licensed for 12kW Effective Radiated Power at the antenna, and operates its transmitters at 5kW base power.

B105 and Southern Cross Austereo's DAB services all emanate from the TVQ Ten tower on combined equipment used by all radio broadcasters in Brisbane.

On Air Schedule
6:00am–9:00am: Stav, Abby & Matt

9:00am–12:00pm: Brad

12:00pm–3:00pm: Ellie

3:00pm–6:00pm: Carrie & Tommy

6:00pm–7:00pm: Stav, Abby & Matt's Happy Hour

7:00pm–10:00pm: Jimmy & Nath

10:00pm–1:00am: The Pulse with Seany B & Emma G

title: B105 FM