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List of assets owned by PepsiCo

This is a list of assets owned by PepsiCo.

Trademarks

 * Agousha (Russia)
 * Alvalle (Spain)
 * AMP Energy
 * Aquafina
 * Aquafina Flavorsplash
 * Aunt Jemima/Pearl Milling Company
 * Baconzitos (Brazil)
 * Cap'n Crunch
 * Cheetos
 * Chester's
 * Chipsy (Egypt, Serbia)
 * Chudo
 * Cracker Jack
 * Crunchy
 * Diet Mountain Dew
 * Diet Mug
 * Diet Pepsi
 * Diet 7UP (only outside of the United States)
 * Diet Sierra Mist
 * Domik v Derevne (Russia)
 * Doritos
 * Duyvis (Netherlands)
 * Elma Chips (Brazil)
 * Emperador (Mexico)
 * Evervess (Russia)
 * Fandangos (Brazil)
 * Frito-Lay
 * Fritos
 * Fruktoviy Sad (Russia)
 * Frustyle (Russia)
 * G2
 * Gatorade
 * Gatorade Zero
 * Grandma's
 * Imunele (Russia)
 * Izze
 * Ivi (Albania, Greece, Cyprus, Serbia)
 * Kas
 * KhrusTeam (Russia)
 * Kurkure (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan)
 * Lay's
 * Life
 * Lifewater
 * Lubimy (Russia)
 * Manzanita Sol
 * Marias Gamesa
 * Matutano (Spain, Portugal)
 * Marbo Product (Serbia)
 * Mirinda
 * Miss Vickie's
 * Mountain Dew
 * Mountain Dew Code Red
 * Mountain Dew Game Fuel
 * Mountain Dew Kickstart
 * Mug
 * Munchies
 * Naked
 * Near East
 * O.N.E.
 * Paso de los Toros (Uruguay)
 * Pasta Roni
 * Pepsi
 * Pepsi Max
 * Pepsi Next
 * Pepsi Zero Sugar
 * Pioneer Foods
 * Punica
 * Propel
 * Quaker
 * Quaker Chewy
 * Rice-A-Roni
 * Rockstar (drink)
 * Rold Gold
 * Rosquinhas Mabel (Brazil)
 * Ruffles
 * Russkiy Dar (Russia)
 * Sabritas
 * Sakata (Australia)
 * Saladitas
 * Sandora (Ukraine)
 * Santitas
 * 7UP (only outside of the United States)
 * 7UP Free (only outside of the United States)
 * Shani
 * Sierra Mist (discontinued in favor of Starry)
 * Simba (Southern Africa)
 * Smartfood
 * Smith's (Australia)
 * Snack a Jacks
 * Sodastream
 * SoBe
 * SoBe Lifewater
 * SoBe V Water
 * Sonric’s
 * Stacy’s
 * Star
 * Starry
 * Stiksy (Brazil)
 * Sting
 * SunChips
 * Tonus
 * Tostitos
 * Trop 50
 * Tropicana
 * Tropicana Farmstand
 * Tropicana Pure Premium
 * Tropicana Twister
 * Twisties (Oceania Region)
 * Vesely Molochnik
 * Walkers (United Kingdom)
 * Ya (Russia)
 * Yedigün (Turkey)

Licensed and joint partnership trademarks

 * Dole (certain markets)
 * Lipton
 * Ocean Spray (certain markets)
 * Sabra
 * Starbucks
 * Yum! Brands

Products

 * Breakfast Bars
 * Quaker Chewy Granola Bars
 * Quaker Chewy Granola Cocoa Bars
 * Quaker Chewy Smashbars
 * Quaker Dipps Granola Bars
 * Quaker Oatmeal to Go Bars
 * Quaker Stila Bars
 * Quaker Yogurt Granola Bars
 * Coffee Drinks
 * Seattle's Best Coffee
 * Starbucks DoubleShot
 * Starbucks Frappucino
 * Starbucks Iced Coffee
 * Energy Drinks
 * AMP Energy
 * Mountain Dew Energy
 * Rockstar Energy Drink
 * Starbucks Refreshers
 * SoBe
 * Cereal
 * Cap'n Crunch Cereal
 * King Vitaman Cereal
 * Kretschmer Toasted Wheat Germ
 * Quaker Life Cereal
 * Mother's Ready-to-Eat & Hot Cereals
 * Quaker Essentials
 * Quaker Grits
 * Quaker Instant Oatmeal
 * Quaker Natural Granola Cereal
 * Quaker Old Fashioned Oats
 * Quaker Oh!s Cereal
 * Quaker Puffed Rice
 * Quaker Shredded Wheat Cereal
 * Quaker Oatmeal Squares Cereal
 * Quisp Cereal
 * Other
 * AMP Energy Gum
 * Aunt Jemima Mixes & Syrups (now Pearl Milling)
 * Quaker Baking Mixes
 * Sabra Hummus
 * Tropicana
 * Rice Snacks
 * Quaker Large Rice Cakes
 * Quaker Mini Delights
 * Quaker Quakes
 * Quaker Tortillaz
 * Side Dishes
 * Near East Side Dishes
 * Pasta Roni Side Dishes
 * Rice-A-Roni Side Dishes
 * Snacks
 * Baked! Cheetos Snacks
 * Baked! Doritos Tortilla Chips
 * Baked! Lay's Potato Crisps
 * Baked! Ruffles Potato Chips
 * Baked! Tostitos Tortilla Chips
 * Baken-Ets Chicharrones
 * Cheetos Cheese Flavored Snacks
 * Chester's Flavored Fries
 * Chester's Popcorn
 * Cracker Jack Candy Coated Popcorn
 * Doritos Tortilla Chips
 * El Isleno Plaintain Chips
 * Frito-Lay, Fritos, Lay's, and Tostitos Dips & Salsas
 * Frito-Lay Nuts & Seeds
 * Fritos Corn Chips
 * Funyuns Onion Flavored Rings
 * Gamesa Cookies and Wafers
 * Grandma's Cookies
 * Hickory Sticks
 * Hostess Potato Chips
 * Lay's Kettle Cooked Potato Chips
 * Lay's Kurkure
 * Lay's Potato Chips
 * Lay's Stax Potato Crisps
 * Lay's Wavy Potato Chips
 * Maui Style Potato Chips
 * Miss Vickie's Potato Chips
 * Munchies Snack Crackers
 * Munchies Snack Mix
 * Munchos Potato Crisps
 * Natural Cheetos
 * Natural Lay's
 * Natural Ruffles
 * Natural Tostitos
 * Nut Harvest Nuts
 * Rold Gold Pretzels
 * Ruffles Potato Chips
 * Sabritones Puffed Wheat Snacks
 * Santitas Tortille Chips
 * Smartfood Popcorn
 * Smartfood Popcorn Clusters
 * Spitz Seeds
 * Tesco
 * Stacy's Pita
 * Bagel Chips
 * SunChips Multigrain Snacks
 * Tasali Snack Foods - in Saudi Arabia
 * Tostito's Artisan Recipes Tortilla Chips
 * Tostito's Tortilla Chips
 * Soft Drinks (original Pepsi brands)
 * Diet Mountain Dew
 * Mountain Dew
 * Mountain Dew Throwback
 * Mist Twst
 * Mist Twst Cherry
 * Mist Twst Cranberry
 * Diet Mist Twst
 * Diet Mist Twst Cranberry
 * Crush
 * Pepsi
 * Pepsi Atom
 * Diet Pepsi
 * Pepsi Zero Sugar
 * Pepsi Twist
 * Pepsi Blue
 * Pepsi Pink
 * Pepsi Gold
 * Pepsi Green
 * Pepsi Black
 * Pepsi White
 * Pepsi Salty Watermelon
 * Pepsi Azuki
 * Pepsi Ice Cucumber
 * Pepsi Shiso
 * Pepsi Mont Blanc
 * Pepsi Edge
 * Pepsi One
 * Pepsi Next
 * Pepsi Wild Cherry
 * Diet Wild Cherry Pepsi
 * Caffeine Free Pepsi
 * Diet Caffeine Free Pepsi
 * Diet Pepsi Lime
 * Caffeine Free Mountain Dew
 * Caffeine Free Diet Mountain Dew
 * Mountain Dew Livewire
 * Mountain Dew Code Red
 * Diet Mountain Dew Code Red
 * Lipton Brisk Lemon
 * Lipton Brisk Sweet Tea
 * Mountain Dew Voltage
 * Mountain Dew White Out
 * Diet Lipton Brisk WL
 * Lipton Brisk Fruit Punch
 * Lipton Brisk Lemonade
 * Pepsi Throwback
 * Mug
 * Diet Mug
 * Mirinda
 * Tropicana Products
 * Starry
 * Starry Zero Sugar
 * Bubly sparkling water
 * Sports Nutrition
 * Gatorade G Series Prime 01
 * Gatorade Thirst Quencher - G Series Perform 02
 * Gatorade G Series Recover 03
 * Gatorade G2
 * Gatorade Natural
 * Gatorade G2 Natural
 * Gatorade G Series FIT Prime 01 Pre-Workout Fuel
 * Gatorade G Series FIT Perform 02 Workout Hydration
 * Gatorade G Series FIT Recover 03 Post-Workout Recovery
 * Gatorade G Series PRO 01 Nutrition Shake
 * Gatorade G Series PRO 01 Nutrition Bar
 * Gatorade G Series PRO 01 Carbohydrate Energy Formula
 * Gatorade G Series PRO 02 Endurance Formula
 * Gatorade G Series PRO 02 Perform Gatorlytes
 * Gatorade G Series PRO 03 Protein Recovery Shake
 * Gatorade G Series PRO Prime +
 * Gatorade G Series PRO Recover +
 * Bottled Water
 * Aquafina
 * Aquafina FlavorSplash
 * Driftwell, a water with added L-theanine to encourage sleep.
 * Propel Zero
 * SoBe Lifewater

title: List of assets owned by PepsiCo


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Tegic

Tegic Communications, Inc. was a predictive text company based in Seattle, Washington, United States, founded on November 18, 1996. It was acquired by AOL on December 3, 1999, and subsequently, on August 24, 2007, acquired by Nuance Communications, whereafter it ceased to exist as a separate company.

Tegic developed T9, the original predictive text software that is used for most mobile phones for text entry.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tegic


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Brabrand

Brabrand is a postal district of Aarhus Municipality, Denmark. South of Brabrand, in the Aarhus river-valley, is the largest recreational area of Aarhus Municipality, comprising the Brabrand Lake and the meadow-lake of Årslev, with surrounding natural sites.

History
Brabrand was originally a village 6–9 km west of Aarhus, founded in the 18th century, by clearing the land by forest burning (the Danish name reflects this), and its economy was initially based on farming and associated trades. The village became a suburb of Aarhus in 1970 and has now merged with the city.

Description
The district of Brabrand is located outside the ring road of Ring 2 and comprise four distinct areas: The old town in the south by the lake, mainly made up of single-family houses. A modern housing area in the west, with a mix of single-family houses and low multi-family houses. An industrial park around the road of Edwin Rahrs Vej in the north, and finally the modernist suburban residential area of Gellerup in the east.

The more affluent western part of Brabrand was expanded recently in 2005, with the new residential area of Helenelyst further west. Helenelyst is a mix of modern one-family houses, two-family houses, and 3 story houses, built to accommodate slightly richer middle-class families.

The neighbourhood of Gellerup stands out as an architectural example of the former urban development style, built around several Danish cities in the 1960s. Gellerup is known as a multinational district, where the Middle East is highly represented, also exemplified in the big middle-eastern inspired shopping mall of Bazar Vest. In the southeast of Gellerup, next to the busy Silkeborg Highway, is the shopping mall of City Vest, one of the largest in Denmark.

Along with the retail and service sectors, a number of multi-national companies have a presence in Brabrand.

Attractions
Brabrand is home to several natural and recreational sites, attracting citizens from all over Aarhus. This includes the Brabrand Lake and the Årslev meadow-lake in the south, connected with the city centre of Aarhus by the pathway of Brabrandstien; the newly raised woodland of Gellerup Skov in the southeast; Skjoldhøjkilen in the north; the valley of Langdalen in the west and the forests of Årslev Skov and True Skov also in the west.

Brabrand has several important sports facilities, such as the rowing stadium at the Brabrand Lake, the new sports and community centre of Globus1 at Gellerup, opportunities for mountainbiking, green exercise and motocross in Skjoldhøjkilen, in addition to many small-scale regular sports facilities like tennis courts, soccer fields, a swimminghall, boxing and martial arts clubs, etc..

Brabrand houses one of the few remaining dolmens in the greater Aarhus area. Most of the dolmens in Aarhus, have been demolished long time ago, but what is left is now regarded as special relics of the past to be protected and valued in the landscape, wherever they might be located. The dolmen is called Årslev Dyssen (lit.: The Årslev Dolmen) and is dated to have been constructed in the Stone Age, when the first agricultural societies emerged in Scandinavia around 6,000 years ago. Until 1822, there was a stone-coffin across the road of this dolmen, but it was demolished after a somewhat "scientific" excavation, led by Colonel Høegh Guldberg. 700 m to the east of The Årslev Dolmen, there was another dolmen. It was removed for an unknown reason at some point in the 1880s. The history surrounding Årslev Dyssen might be more impressive than its looks. The dolmen grounds are privately owned by the auto company next to it, but publicly accessible.

Gallery

 * Nature and green spaces

title: Brabrand


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Shelly Poole

Michelle Lena "Shelly" Poole (born 20 March 1972) is an English songwriter and singer.

Career
Shelly Poole is the daughter of the 1960s recording artist Brian Poole, of Brian Poole and the Tremeloes. With her sister Karen, she formed the band Alisha's Attic, and they released their debut album, Alisha Rules the World, in 1996. The band secured a Brit nomination and an Ivor Novello nomination for writing the million-seller single I Am, I Feel, and two years later a Capitol Radio award for most played song for The Incidentals. Alishas Attic were also one of Uk highlights of the Lilith Tour started by Sarah McLachlan. After selling over one million records worldwide and having three top 20 albums, the duo split up in 2001, a year after The House We Built, their fourth album for Mercury Records, was released.

Poole married Ally McErlaine, the lead guitarist from the Scottish band Texas, in Glasgow on 5 October 2001. Shelly Poole went on to achieve success writing songs and producing for other artists throughout the late nineties, and to the present day.

In late 2008, Shelly formed the alternative country band Red Sky July, with McErlaine, and Charity Hair. Red Sky July were one of the first of a new wave of UK Country artists securing playlists on BBC Radio 2 and released three albums that entered the UK country charts in the top three. Poole signed to Gary Barlow's publishing company, San Remo Live. After San Remo, Poole signed to Stage Three Music, then three years later to BMG as a writer. Poole is currently with Be Unique. .

Shelly is also a guest in the band the Dark Flowers, a collective of writers and artists started by Paul Statham.

Recordings and songwriting
As a songwriter, Poole has written tracks for Janet Jackson, Jack Savoretti, Ronan Keating, Boyzone, Westlife, Ward Thomas, Michael Gray, Mark Ronson, Massive Attack, Roachford, and many more. Poole, along with Andy Hill, also wrote the single "I'll See You Again", for the album by Westlife, Where We Are.

Her solo album, Hard Time for the Dreamer, was released in September 2005 on the Transistor Project record label, and reached the Top 10 of the French and United Kingdom iTunes chart. Two songs from the album, "Anyday Now" and "Totally Underwater", were featured on an instore Starbucks album in 2006. Included on the album were two duets with Jack Savoretti.

She co wrote and sang on Michael Gray's dance release of 2006, "Borderline", which reached #12 on the UK Singles Chart and #3 on the ARIA club chart. In May 2006, Poole released "Lost in You". Her following release was "Totally Underwater", an EP, which included a remix of "Totally Underwater" by Andy Bradfield, and two tracks "One Kiss" and "What You Feel Like".

title: Shelly Poole


text:
Ribwort

Ribwort is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
 * Plantago asiatica
 * Plantago lanceolata
 * Plantago major

title: Ribwort


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Nordihydroguaiaretic acid

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a classic lignan, a phenylpropane dimer linked by a bond between positions C8 and C8′, as opposed to a neolignan. It is a natural compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata).

Medical properties
As a lignan, it is a member of one of the major classes of phytoestrogens. While it is commonly asserted that the biological properties of lignans per sé are void, and that only the enterolignans enterodiol and enterolactone, produced from lignans by intestinal bacteria have interesting biological properties, nordihydroguaiaretic acid has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro or in animal models. It is a redox-type inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.

A 1986 study involved feeding female mosquitos NDGA to test the effect on their average life span. While the usual mosquito life span was 29 days, the NDGA-fed mosquitos lived an average of 45 days—an increase of 50 percent. A 2008 study reported that nordihydroguaiaretic acid lengthened the lifespan of male mice, but not of female mice.

The creosote plant has been used in herbal medicine, but its use is controversial. It was widely used during the 1950s as a food preservative and to preserve natural fibers, but was later banned after reports of toxicity during the early 1960s. Recently, it has been used as a nutritional supplement; however, renal toxicity and hepatotoxicity are reported for chronic use of creosote bush and NDGA.

title: Nordihydroguaiaretic acid


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Sulforhodamine B

Sulforhodamine B or Kiton Red 620 (C27H30N2O7S2) is a fluorescent dye with uses spanning from laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to the quantification of cellular proteins of cultured cells. This red solid dye is very water-soluble.

Spectroscopy
The dye has maximal absorbance at 565 nm light and maximal fluorescence emission at 586 nm light. It does not exhibit pH-dependent absorption or fluorescence over the range of 3 to 10.

Applications
Sulforhodamine B is often used as a membrane-impermeable polar tracer or used for cell density determination via determination of cellular proteins (cytotoxicity assay).

title: Sulforhodamine B


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Genuflection

Genuflection or genuflexion is the act of bending a knee to the ground, as distinguished from kneeling which more strictly involves both knees. From early times, it has been a gesture of deep respect for a superior. Today, the gesture is common in the Christian religious practices of the Anglicanism, Lutheranism, the Catholic Church, and Western Rite Orthodoxy. The Latin word genuflectio, from which the English word is derived, originally meant kneeling with both knees rather than the rapid dropping to one knee and immediately rising that became customary in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. It is often referred to as "going down on one knee" or "bowing the knee". In Western culture, one genuflects on the left knee to a human dignitary, whether ecclesiastical or civil, while, in Christian churches and chapels, one genuflects on the right knee when the Sacrament is not exposed but in a tabernacle or veiled (conversely, one kneels with both knees if the Sacrament is exposed).

History
In 328 BC, Alexander the Great introduced into his court-etiquette some form of genuflection already in use in Persia, a modification to the tradition of Proskynesis. In the Byzantine Empire even senators were required to genuflect to the emperor. In medieval Europe, one demonstrated respect for a king or noble by going down on the left knee, often remaining there until told to rise. It is traditionally often performed in western cultures by a man making a proposal of marriage. This is done on the left knee.

The custom of genuflecting, as a sign of respect and even of service, arose out of the honor given to medieval kings. In modern times, when the folded flag of a fallen veteran is offered to the family, the presenting officer will go down on his left knee, if the recipient is seated.

In Christianity
Genuflection, typically on one knee, still plays a part in the Anglican, Lutheran, Roman Catholic and Western Rite Orthodox traditions, among other churches; it is different from kneeling in prayer, which is more widespread.

Those for whom the gesture is difficult, such as the aged or those in poor physical condition, are not expected to perform it. Bowing of the head or at the waist, if possible, are common substitutes.

Except for those people, genuflection is still today mandatory in some situations, such as (in the Catholic Church) when passing in front of the Blessed Sacrament, or during the Consecration in the Mass.

In the King James Version of the Holy Scriptures, the verb "to kneel" occurs more than thirty times, both in the Old and in The New Testament.

In front of the Blessed Sacrament
Genuflection is a sign of reverence to the Blessed Sacrament. Its purpose is to allow the worshipper to engage his whole person in acknowledging the presence of and to honor Jesus Christ in the Holy Eucharist. It is customary to genuflect whenever one comes into or leaves the presence of the Blessed Sacrament reserved in the Tabernacle. "This venerable practice of genuflecting before the Blessed Sacrament, whether enclosed in the tabernacle or publicly exposed, as a sign of adoration, ...requires that it be performed in a recollected way. In order that the heart may bow before God in profound reverence, the genuflection must be neither hurried nor careless."

Genuflection to the Blessed Sacrament, the consecrated Eucharist, especially when arriving or leaving its presence, is a practice in the Anglicanism, the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, Lutheranism, and Western Rite Orthodoxy. It is a comparatively modern replacement for the profound bow of head and body that remains the supreme act of liturgical reverence in the East. Since in many Anglican, Roman Catholic and Western Orthodox Churches the Blessed Sacrament is normally present behind the altar, genuflection is usual when arriving or passing in front of the altar at the communion rail.

Only during the later Middle Ages, centuries after it had become customary to genuflect to persons in authority such as bishops, was genuflection to the Blessed Sacrament introduced. The practice gradually spread and became viewed as obligatory only from the end of the fifteenth century, receiving formal recognition in 1502. The raising of the consecrated Host and Chalice after the Consecration in order to show them to the people was for long unaccompanied by obligatory genuflections.

The requirement that genuflection take place on both knees before the Blessed Sacrament when it is unveiled as at Expositions (but not when it is lying on the corporal during Mass) was altered in 1973 with introduction of the following rule: "Genuflection in the presence of the Blessed Sacrament, whether reserved in the tabernacle or exposed for public adoration, is on one knee." "Since a genuflection is, per se, an act of adoration, the general liturgical norms no longer make any distinction between the mode of adoring Christ reserved in the tabernacle or exposed upon the altar. The simple single genuflection on one knee may be used in all cases." However, in some countries the episcopal conference has chosen to retain the double genuflection to the Blessed Sacrament, which is performed by kneeling briefly on both knees and reverently bowing the head with hands joined.

As a result of the custom of genuflecting to the sacrament, it is customary in some countries, Germany for example, for people attending mass to genuflect before entering their pew during mass and when leaving it. Though the sacrament in its tabernacle is the "recipient" of this sign of respect, it is almost invariably performed in the direction of the (high) altar, and the crucifix above or behind it as being the most easily recognisable landmark in any church (it is also almost always in close proximity to the tabernacle).

Episcopalian practice
In the Episcopal Church, genuflection is an act of personal piety and is not required by the prayer book. In some parishes it is a customary gesture of reverence for Christ's real presence in the consecrated Eucharistic elements of bread and wine, particularly in parishes with an Anglo-Catholic tradition.

Generally, if the Blessed Sacrament is reserved in the church, it is customary to acknowledge the Lord's presence with a brief act of worship on entering or leaving the building – normally, a genuflection in the direction of the place of reservation.

During the Liturgy
The General Instruction of the Roman Missal lays down the following rules for genuflections during Mass: During Mass, three genuflections are made by the priest celebrant: namely, after the showing of the host, after the showing of the chalice, and before Communion. Certain specific features to be observed in a concelebrated Mass are noted in their proper place (cf. nos. 210-251).

If, however, the tabernacle with the Most Blessed Sacrament is present in the sanctuary, the priest, the deacon, and the other ministers genuflect when they approach the altar and when they depart from the sanctuary, but not during the celebration of Mass itself.

Otherwise all who pass before the Most Blessed Sacrament genuflect, unless they are moving in procession.

Ministers carrying the processional cross or candles bow their heads instead of genuflecting.

Other genuflections
In the Byzantine Rite, most widely observed in the Eastern Orthodox Church, genuflection plays a smaller role and prostration, known as proskynesis, is much more common. During the holy mystery of reconciliation, however, following confession of sins, the penitent is to genuflect with head bowed before the Gospel Book or an icon of Christ as the confessor - either a bishop or a presbyter - formally declares God's forgiveness.

Genuflection or kneeling is prescribed at various points of the Roman Rite liturgy, such as after the mention of Jesus' death on the cross in the readings of the Passion during Holy Week.

A right knee genuflection is made during and after the Adoration of the Cross on Good Friday.

A genuflection is made at the mention of the Incarnation in the words et incarnatus est de Spiritu Sancto, ex Maria Virgine, et homo factus est ("and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary, and became man") in the Creed on the solemnities of Christmas and the Annunciation.

It is common practice that during the recital of the Angelus prayer, for the lines "And the Word was made flesh/And dwelt among us", those reciting the prayer bow or genuflect.

Tridentine Mass
In the Tridentine Mass this genuflection is made on any day on which the Creed is recited at Mass, as well as at several other points:
 * at the words et Verbum caro factum est ("and the Word became flesh") in the prologue of the Gospel of John, which is the usual Last Gospel, as well as the Gospel for the third Mass on Christmas.
 * at the words et procidentes adoraverunt eum ("and falling down they adored him") in the Gospel for the Epiphany, Matthew 2:1-12 (which before 1960 was also the Last Gospel of the third Mass on Christmas)
 * at the words Adiuva nos ... during the (identical) Tract said on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays in Lent, except on Ember Wednesday. But no genuflection is envisaged when after Septuagesima the same Tract is used in the votive Mass at a time of Mortality (Missa votiva tempore mortalitatis)
 * at the words et procidens adoravit eum ("and falling down he adored him") at the end of the Gospel for Wednesday in the Fourth Week of Lent, John 9:1-38
 * at the words ut in nomine Iesu omne genu flectatur caelestium, terrestrium et infernorum ("that in the name of Jesus every knee should bow of those that are in heaven, on earth, and under the earth") in the Epistle of Palm Sunday, the Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross on 14 September (and also, before 1960, the Feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross on 3 May) and in the Epistle  of the votive Mass of the Passion of the Lord.
 * at the words Veni, sancte Spiritus in the Alleluia before the Sequence on Pentecost Sunday and the Octave of Pentecost and in the votive Mass of the Holy Spirit

In the Maronite Catholic Church, there is an evocative ceremony of genuflection on the feast of Pentecost. The congregation genuflects first on the left knee to God the Father, then on the right knee to God the Son, and finally on both knees to God the Holy Spirit.

Genuflecting to a bishop
From the custom of genuflecting to kings and other nobles arose the custom by which lay people or clergy of lesser rank genuflect to a prelate and kiss his episcopal ring, as a sign of acceptance of the bishop's apostolic authority as representing Christ in the local church, and originally their social position as lords. Abbots and other senior monastics often received genuflection from their monks and often others.

Genuflecting before greater prelates (i.e. Bishops in their own dioceses, Metropolitans in their province, Papal Legates in the territory assigned to them, and Cardinals either outside of Rome or in the church assigned to them in Rome) is treated as obligatory in editions of the Caeremoniale Episcoporum earlier than that of 1985; during liturgical functions according to these prescriptions, clergy genuflect when passing before such prelates, but an officiating priest and any more junior prelates, canons, etc. substitute a bow of the head and shoulders for the genuflection.

The present Catholic liturgical books exclude genuflecting to a bishop during the liturgy: "A genuflection, made by bending the right knee to the ground, signifies adoration, and therefore it is reserved for the Most Blessed Sacrament, as well as for the Holy Cross from the solemn adoration during the liturgical celebration on Good Friday until the beginning of the Easter Vigil." But outside of the liturgy some continue to genuflect or kneel to kiss a bishop's ring.

Though it is frequently asserted that genuflections are to be made on the left knee when made to merely human authorities, there is no such prescription in any liturgical book.

title: Genuflection


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Uzès

Uzès (Usès) is a commune in the Gard department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Uzès lies about 25 km north-northeast of Nîmes, 40 km west of Avignon, and 32 km southeast of Alès.

History
Originally Ucetia or Eutica in Latin, Uzès was a small Gallo-Roman oppidum, or administrative settlement. The town lies at the source of the Alzon river, at Fontaine d'Eure, from where a Roman aqueduct was built in the first century BC, to supply water to the city of Nîmes, 50 km away. The most famous stretch of the aqueduct is the Pont du Gard, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which carried fresh water over splendid arches across the Gardon river.

Jews were apparently settled there as early as the 5th century. Saint Ferréol, Bishop of Uzès, was said to have admitted them to his table. Complaints were made of him to King Childebert I for this issue, whereupon the bishop was required to turn against them, expelling those Jews from Uzès who would not convert to Christianity. After his death (581), many of the converts who had been baptised returned to Judaism. In 614 the Christian government expelled Jews from the region.

In early 8th century, Uzès was a fortified civitas and bishopric under the Archbishop of Narbonne. During the Umayyad conquest of Gothic Septimania, Uzès became the northernmost stronghold of Muslim Spain circa 725. Charles Martel laid siege to the stronghold in 736, but it remained in Gothic-Andalusian hands up to 752. That year counts loyal to Ansemund of Nîmes ceded numerous of strongholds to the Frankish Pepin the Short. In 753 the stronghold rebelled against the Franks after Ansemund's assassination, but the uprising was suppressed and a Frankish trustee of Pepin imposed.

In the 13th century, Uzès hosted a small community of Jewish scholars, as well as a community of Cathars. Like many cloth-manufacturing centers (Uzès was known for its serges), residents of the city and the surrounding countryside had become strongly Protestant during the 16th century, and religious and class conflicts played out in the Wars of Religion. The Languedoc region suffered considerable violence: Protestants trashed and burned many of the city's churches. Only two have survived to the 21st century. Saint-Étienne was reconstructed after the violence.

Ucetia
Ucetia is the name of a Gallo-Roman oppidum in the Roman province of Occitania. Its existence was recorded on a list of eleven other settlements on a stela in Nîmes (ancient Nemausus) on which its name appears as "VCETIAE". It was under the administration of Nemausus, to which it provided water via a Roman aqueduct. Ucetia was also known as Castrum Uceciense, which is in the Notitia of the Provinces of Gallia.

In 2017, Roman mosaics were discovered by accident during construction at a local high school, and represented material proof of Ucetia. The mosaics had depictions of animals such as a deer, an owl, an eagle, and bulls. These have been identified as "honor to the Roman gods". For many European cultures, deer represented deities of the woodlands, and the owl was a symbol of the goddess Athena. Together with the animals, decorations represented water, geometric shapes, colors, and patterns, including a design with ancient swastika-like elements.

Ucetia was inhabited from at least the 1st century B.C. until the 7th century A.D.

Ucetia and Pont du Gard
Ucetia was known to have been a source of water carried via aqueduct to many communities, especially ancient Nemausus (Nîmes), which grew to a population of about 30,000. The aqueduct system included the Pont du Gard. Construction of the aqueduct led to a "classic Roman tragedy" of greed in the nearby cities and towns that affected Ucetia and other communities.

Second World War
From September 1940 to 9 November 1942, PC Cadix operated at Château des Fouzes near Uzès, in Vichy France. It was a cryptographer team organized by French major Gustave Bertrand, comprising 15 Polish men from the Polish Cipher Bureau, 9 Frenchmen and 7 Republican Spanish refugees. From there, they worked against Axis ciphers including the Enigma machine.

Climate
Uzès has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). The average annual temperature in Uzès is 14.5 C. The average annual rainfall is 809.4 mm with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 23.7 C, and lowest in January, at around 6.1 C. The highest temperature ever recorded in Uzès was 43.9 C on 28 June 2019; the coldest temperature ever recorded was -12.1 C on 2 March 2005.

Dukes of Uzès
The title of Duke of Uzès, in the Crussol family, is the premier title in the peerage of France, coming right after the princes of the blood. The title of seigneur d'Uzès is attested in a charter of 1088. After part of Languedoc was attached to royal demesne (1229), the lords' (and later dukes') military skill and fealty to the Crown propelled their rise through the nobility, until, after the treason of the last Duke of Montmorency, beheaded in 1632, the title of First Duke of France fell to Uzès, who retain their stronghold in the center of town today, which has expanded round the 11th century Tour Bermond. If France were a kingdom, it would be the job of the duke of Uzès to cry out, "Le Roi est mort. Vive le Roi!" at each state funeral, and defend the honour of the queen mother. Twenty-one dukes have been wounded or killed as hereditary Champion of France over the centuries.

Sights
The present-day city retains the trace of its walls as a circuit of boulevards. A Capuchin chapel, built in 1635 to house the mortal remains of the dukes, occupies the site of a 1st-century AD temple dedicated to the first Roman Emperor, Augustus. There are monuments of the prestige of the former bishopric, once one of the most extensive of Languedoc, but extinguished at the Revolution, and private houses that witness the wealth that the textile trade brought in the 16th century. The town is also homes to three feudal towers, the Bermonde Tower (part of the château du Duché), the Bishop Tower and the Royal Tower.

Uzès Cathedral was destroyed in the Albigensian Crusade, rebuilt, and destroyed again in the 16th century Wars of Religion. Rebuilt again in the 17th century, it was stripped out during the French Revolution. The 11th century Romanesque Tour Fenestrelle ("Window Tower"), with its paired windows, is probably the most famous icon of the city. It was listed as a French Historical Monument in 1862.

Uzès is famous in the area for its Saturday market. Not only does the market offer local produce, but it also boasts textiles made in the region and many tourist delights.

Economy
Tourism is one of the key industrial sectors, alongside the local arts scene and wine making.

The region has a long history in the production of licorice. The German company Haribo maintains a factory and museum in Uzès, which traces its roots back to the licorice factory Henri Lefont opened there in 1862. His company later merged with Ricqlès, and was then taken over by Haribo.

Notable people

 * Firmin Abauzit (1679–1767), scholar who worked on physics, theology and philosophy
 * Vice-Admiral François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers, Count de Brueys, (1753–1798), the French commander in the Battle of the Nile.
 * Oliver Bevan (2001–) English artist
 * Jérôme Cintas (1971–) French former professional footballer
 * Leon Krier, urbanist
 * Dhuoda, duchess consort of Septimania and writer of the Liber Manualis
 * Bernard Plantapilosa, Count of Auvergne and second son of Dhuoda
 * David Redfern (1936–2014) English music photographer
 * Suzanne Verdier (1745–1813), writer
 * Frédéric Gabillon (1976–), racing driver

title: Uzès


text:
Product recall

A product recall is a request from a manufacturer to return a product after the discovery of safety issues or product defects that might endanger the consumer or put the maker/seller at risk of legal action.

The recall is an effort to limit ruination of the corporate image and limit liability for corporate negligence, which can cause significant legal costs. It can be difficult, if not impossible, to determine how costly can be releasing to the consumer a product that could endanger someone's life and the economic loss resulting from unwanted publicity. Recalls are costly. Costs include having to handle the recalled product, replacing it and possibly being held financially responsible for the consequences of the recalled product.

A country's consumer protection laws may include specific requirements in regard to product recalls. Such regulations may include how much of the cost the maker will have to bear, situations in which a recall is compulsory (usually because the risk is big enough), or penalties for failure to recall. The firm may also initiate a recall voluntarily, perhaps subject to the same regulations as if the recall were compulsory.

General steps to a product recall
A product recall usually involves the following steps, which may differ according to local laws:
 * The business gathers information and analyses the problem. The affected products and batches, their locations within the supply chain, and probable causes of the problem are identified. Responsible authorities are informed of the issue and provide assistance.
 * Direct suppliers, customers and logistics providers may be informed to help identify causes of the problem, and to place a precautionary hold on affected products in their possession to help limit the extent of a potential recall.
 * The business carries out a risk assessment to decide if a recall is warranted and the scope of the recall. If a recall is warranted, the business notifies the authorities responsible of their intention to recall a product. In some cases the government can also request a recall of a product.
 * Product recalls are communicated to affected businesses, consumer groups and customers. Notices may be published on the respective government agency's website (if applicable), the business's own website and social media platforms, in major daily newspapers, and in stores selling the product. If the owners of an affected product can be reasonably identified (e.g. a vehicle recall, where owners can be identified using the motor vehicle register), notices may be sent directly to them through post or email.
 * Typically, the consumer is advised to return the goods, regardless of condition, to the seller for a full refund or modification. Depending on the instructions of the recalling business, the seller returns the product to the recalling business, or may dispose or modify the product on site.
 * The seller reports recalled items to the recalling business, allowing them to reconcile the returned amount with the amount produced and determine if there is still product in the supply chain or the possession of end consumers. The recalling business will generally compensate the seller for the disposition or modification of the product.
 * Avenues for possible consumer compensation over and above direct costs will vary depending on the specific laws governing consumer trade protection and the cause of recall.
 * When the recall is completed, the business will generally debrief to identify issues in the recall process and put in measures to prevent further similar recalls.

Standards
The British Standards Institute's PAS 7100:2022 standard, Supporting Better Product Recalls, aims to help businesses plan in advance for conducting a product recall.

1959

 * USA: 1959-60 Cadillacs.

1973

 * UK (August 1973): The Triumph Toledo, Triumph 1500 and Triumph Dolomite were the subject of the UK's largest vehicle recall to date. The recall affected 103,000 cars and involved the replacement of a front radius strut in the front suspension assembly, addressing a risk that the component might break and render the car impossible to steer. The manufacturers stated they had replicated the alleged defect by driving the car into a solid kerb at between 10 and 15 mph (16–24 km/h). Despite undertaking the recall, they insisted that the condition could only "arise through misuse".
 * USA (August 1973): The Little Wonder TV antenna was recalled by the CPSC. It was one of the earliest recalls of an electronic device. The product connected the antenna terminals on the back of the TV directly to the AC mains.

1978

 * USA (June 9, 1978): The Ford Motor Company recalled 1.5 million Ford Pintos, the largest recall in automotive history at that time, to install a modification to reduce the risk of fire.

1982

 * USA (October 1982): Tylenol Scare of 1982
 * USA (late 1982): McDonald's recalled 10 million Playmobil Happy Meal toys due to the risk of choking hazards.

1986

 * USA (1986): 1986 Excedrin Tampering. A few bottles of Excedrin were poisoned with cyanide. Two people died, and one recovered in the hospital. A woman named Stella Nickell was charged with product tampering, attempted murder and murder. She was sentenced to 90 years in prison.

1994

 * Worldwide (1994): Intel recalled the original Pentium processors due to the Pentium FDIV bug.
 * USA (October 1994): Over 500,000 Santa Barney Pom-Pom plush toys recalled due to choking and fire hazard.

1999

 * Worldwide (late 1999): Audi recalled the original Audi TT Mk1 both Coupé and Roadster due to crashes and related fatalities that occurred at speeds in excess of 180 kilometres per hour (110 mph), during abrupt lane changes or sharp turns.

2000

 * USA (Early 2000): Burger King organized a recall of 25 million plastic container toys resembling Poké Balls as they presented a suffocation hazard.
 * USA: January 14: S. C. Johnson & Son issued a recall on their allergen spray product AllerCare at the request of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, after reports of asthma attacks and related medical incidents associated with the product.
 * Taco shells manufactured for Taco Bell recalled
 * USA (May 2000): Ford Motor Company's handling of the recall of the 6.5 million 15-inch Firestone tires fitted to the Ford Explorer SUV soon culminated in the resignation of Ford's CEO at the time, Jacques Nasser. (See Firestone vs Ford Motor Company controversy.)

2001

 * USA: March 5: McDonald's recalled 234,000 of the Scooter Bug Happy Meal toys distributed between November 2000 to February 2001, due to the risk of choking hazards.
 * Worldwide: August 8: Bayer Pharmaceuticals pulled the cholesterol drug Baycol from the market after 31 deaths were linked to the drug in the United States, as well as the risk of rhabdomyolysis, a condition that is known to cause muscle destruction.

2003

 * Australia (April 2003): The recall of a variety of goods manufactured by Pan Pharmaceuticals as a result of failures in quality assurance and standards. The company was soon put under receivership.

2004

 * USA: February 16: General Motors recalled several 1998-2000 Buick LeSabre, Park Avenue, and Pontiac Bonneville models, as well as 1998-99 Oldsmobile 88, 2000 Chevrolet Impala and Chevrolet Monte Carlo models equipped with 3800 (L36) engines. The fuel pressure regulators in these vehicles, made by Delphi Technologies, had a higher rate of fuel leaks that entered the intake manifold, posing a fire hazard.
 * USA: July 8: About 150 million pieces of jewelry obtained from vending machines were recalled due to the risk of lead poisoning.
 * Worldwide: September 30: Merck voluntarily withdraws the COX-2 inhibitor drug Vioxx from the market after several studies linked it to heart attacks and other adverse effects.

2005

 * United Kingdom and Canada (February 2005): Potentially carcinogenic Sudan I food colouring was found in over 400 products containing Worcester sauce and had to be recalled.
 * April 7: Pfizer withdraws Bextra from the market at the recommendation of the Food and Drug Administration due to serious cardiovascular risks, as well as serious skin reactions associated with the drug.
 * Worldwide: June 2005: Engine stalls linked to faulty wirings on 6.0L Powerstroke Diesel engines have caused hundreds of thousands of 2004-2005 Ford Super Duty, Excursion, and Econoline models to be recalled.
 * Worldwide: June 17: The Guidant Corporation recalled over 50,000 defibrillators due to the risk of device malfunctions as a result of an electrical flaw. Prior to the recall, it was reported that several models failed 45 times and caused at least 2 deaths through the end of May.

2006

 * March 2006: About 300,000 Reebok heart-shaped charm bracelets were recalled after a child died from lead poisoning after swallowing a piece from one of the charms.
 * Ireland and United Kingdom (24 June 2006): Cadbury-Schweppes announced that there had been a salmonella scare surrounding its products, causing millions of chocolate bars from stores across Ireland and the UK to be recalled.
 * 2006 Sony notebook computer batteries recall:
 * Worldwide: August 2006: Dell recalls over four million notebook computer batteries, after several instances where the batteries, made by Sony, overheated or caught fire. Most of the defective notebooks were sold in the US, however, some one million faulty batteries could be found elsewhere in the world.
 * August 2006: Following Dell's battery recall Apple Computer also recalls 1.8 million notebook computer batteries manufactured by Sony. Similar to Dell, most of the notebooks were sold in the United States. However, some 700,000 units could be found overseas.
 * September 2006: Matsushita (Panasonic) recalls 6,000 batteries.
 * September 2006: Toshiba recalls 340,000 batteries.
 * September 2006: IBM/Lenovo recalls 500,000 batteries.
 * October 2006: Hitachi recalls 16,000 batteries.
 * October 2006: Fujitsu recalls 338,000 batteries.
 * October 2006: Sharp recalls 28,000 batteries.
 * November 2006: Casio recalls more than 20,000 batteries
 * December 2006: Nintendo said it would voluntarily replace 3.2 million straps attached to the controllers of its new Wii game consoles, and recalled about 200,000 AC adapters for its DS and DS Lite handheld game machines. The Wii strap failures are a global problem.

2007

 * Worldwide: February: Lenovo and Sanyo recalls 200,000 batteries.
 * North America: March: Menu Foods and several other companies issue numerous pet food recalls.
 * USA: March: Ford Motor Company recalls new 2008 Super Duty after reported tailpipe fires in the diesel version.
 * Japan: March: Casio recalls about 12,000 units of the electronic keyboards with the problems being overheated, causing a fire hazard. The information was revised in 2009 by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) after recalling about 20,000 batteries from their old keyboards last year.
 * USA: April: Nestlé voluntarily recalled its "Caramel KitKat Chunky" bars and "KitKat Cookie Dough Chocolate" bars due to some bits of hard plastic being found in the chocolate.
 * USA: June: Foreign Tire Sales Inc. recalls tires imported from Hangzhou Zhongce Rubber Co., of Hangzhou, China. The tires were not made to safety standards to prevent tread separation, a problem that led to the nation's largest tire recall in 2000 by Ford Motor Company. Foreign Tire Sales Inc., was unable to comply with the recall due to its limited resources. Further, Hangzhou Zhongce Rubber doesn't have accountability for a recall since the company is based solely in China and sells in the US through third-party re-sellers.
 * Worldwide: June: The Thomas and Friends Wooden Railway toys were recalled due to risks of lead poisoning from the paint used on the train cars and locomotives included in the toys. An additional recall was also conducted in September 2007.
 * USA: July 13: Gerber recalled Organic Rice Cereal and Organic Oatmeal Cereal after a Tampa, Florida parent, Richard Andree, found approximately 30 hard chunks, some of which were a half inch long in the product.
 * Worldwide: August 14: Nokia recalled 46 Million BL-5C batteries after a primary investigation which revealed faulty manufactured batteries by Matsushita Electric Corporation which could explode after short circuit.
 * USA: October: ground beef from the Topps Meat Company of Elizabeth, New Jersey was recalled., this was the second-largest beef recall in United States history.
 * Worldwide: September: Honda Motor Co issued a recall of 182,756 2006-2007 Honda Civic sedans and coupes for wheel bearings
 * Worldwide: October: Alltrade Tools recalled over 800,000 power tool chargers.
 * USA: October: Several U.S. Pharmaceutical companies voluntarily recalled several infant cough and cold medicines due to possible overdosing dangers.
 * Worldwide: November: A popular children's toy, Bindeez (also known as Aqua Dots, in the United States), was recalled when it was discovered that 1,4-butanediol had been substituted for 1,5-pentanediol in the bead manufacturing process. The human body metabolises the substance to form the anesthetic GHB.
 * USA: November: Children's snow and sand castle kits by Paricon, sold exclusively at L. L. Bean, were recalled due to sharp edges.
 * Worldwide: November: About 175,000 Curious George 12-inch plush dolls with plastic faces were recalled due to the risk of lead exposure and poisoning.

2008

 * February 2008: The USDA recalled 143 million pounds of processed frozen beef (the largest beef recall in US history) from the Westland/Hallmark processor in Southern California due to cattle not being inspected before slaughter. There was little chance of any illness in the cattle.
 * April 2008: Malt-O-Meal voluntarily recalls its Puffed Rice and Puffed Wheat cold cereal products due to salmonella contamination.
 * 1 April 2008: Malaysia's first nationwide automotive recall was announced due to defects in the Proton Savvy's rear wheel bearing.
 * August 2008: Maple Leaf Foods voluntarily recalled a number of meat and deli products after an outbreak of listeriosis. Four elderly people have died as a result.  Affected restaurants include McDonald's and Mr. Sub.
 * September 2008: 440,000 Sony VAIO type T TZ series due to excessive heat production, produced in May 2007 - July 2008 had to be recalled.

2009

 * January - Peanut Corporation of America recalled its bulk peanut butter and peanut paste products for salmonella contamination. Because of the myriad of consumer items PCA's bulk products went into, the Food and Drug Administration eventually recalled 3913 different products from at least 361 companies - one of the most extensive food recalls in US history. On February 13, 2009, Peanut Corporation of America filed for Chapter 7 Liquidation following the massive extensive peanut butter recall. In 2014, The United States Department of Justice criminally indicted Parnell and his family for committing at least 70 counts of felony wire and mail fraud after being unanimously found guilty of those charges by a federal grand jury. In September 2015, Stewart Parnell, who was the CEO of PCA at the time of the 2009 peanut butter recall, pleaded guilty to 70 felony charges of wire fraud and mail fraud. He was sentenced to 28 years in prison for mishandling the peanut butter recall in 2009 and for the felony wire fraud and mail fraud charges.
 * March - Setton Pistachio of Terra Bella, California recalled its entire 2008 crop of pistachios due to salmonella contamination.
 * June - 300,000 packages of Nestlé's Toll House cookie dough are recalled due to possible E. coli contamination that made several consumers sick, when the dough was eaten raw.
 * October - some Acer Aspire laptops were recalled for overheating problems.
 * December - virtually every Roman blind and roller shade on the market—around 50 million sets—were recalled because the cords pose a strangulation hazard to children.

2010

 * January - Toyota recalls several million vehicles because of faulty throttle pedals that may cause runaway acceleration and faulty software that may cause braking to be delayed.
 * USA: March: - Carter's, Inc. recalls infant clothing and zippers due to Choking Hazard
 * May - Johnson & Johnson recalls 43 over-the-counter children's medicines made by McNeil Consumer Healthcare, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson, on April 30, 2010.
 * June - Maytag recalls about 1.7 million dishwashers, including Maytag(r), Jenn-Air(r), Magic Chef(r), and several other brands due to the electrical failure and fire hazards.
 * June - Ikea recalled 3.36 million "roller" and "roman" shades due to strangulation hazards.
 * June - McDonald's recalled the Shrek Forever After drinking glasses due to risks of cadmium poisoning from the glass' paint.
 * June - Kellogg issued a voluntary recall of select packages of Kellogg's Corn Pops, Honey Smacks, Froot Loops and Apple Jacks cereals due to "an uncharacteristic waxy-like taste and smell" caused by an unnamed substance in the package liners. The taste of the contaminated boxes was described as "stale, metal, and soap-like" by consumers.
 * July - Perdue Farms recalls over 90,000 pounds of chicken nuggets after bits of blue plastic were found in the nuggets.
 * August - 228 million eggs are voluntarily recalled by Wright County Egg of Galt, Iowa due to a potential salmonella contamination.
 * September - Fisher Price recalls 10-million products, including enough toys to merit this as the largest toy recall in history.
 * September 23 - Similac Abbott Laboratories issued a voluntary recall of up to 5 million containers of Similac infant formula after finding beetles in the formula. ISSUE: Possibility of the presence of a small common beetle in the product. While the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determined that the formula containing these beetles posed no immediate health risk, there was a possibility that infants who consumed the formula could experience symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort and refusal to eat as a result of small insect parts irritating the GI tract. The voluntary recall affected milk- and soy-based formulas distributed in the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, and some Caribbean nations. At least 12 of the recalled products were provided to families through the federal government's Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) health and nutrition program. The FDA reassured caregivers and families whose babies may have consumed these products that drinking the formula will not cause long-term health problems.

2011

 * January - Nature's Promise Giant Food of Landover, Md. issued a voluntary recall of several Nature's Promise organic bagged salad items due to the potential for listeria contamination. there was a report of a pregnant woman in her 20s being rushed to the hospital after eating tainted salad. No deaths reported.
 * February - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission issued a recall 20,000 of Sniglar Cribs, distributed by IKEA Home Furnishings due to the detach and collapse of the Mattress, creating a risk of entrapment and suffocation to a child in the crib.
 * February - Honda Motor Co issued a voluntary safety recall of 700,000 cars due to the failure. The spring was placed improperly in a small box inside the engine, so that, in some cases, the problem could cause the engine to stall. No crashes or injuries have been reported related to this defect.
 * February - Study on Medical device recall by Dr. Diana Zuckerman and Paul Brown of the National Research Center for Women and Families, and Dr. Steven Nissen of the Cleveland Clinic, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, showed that most medical devices recalled in the last five years for “serious health problems or death” had been previously approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) using the less stringent, and cheaper, 501(k) process.
 * March - Toyota Motor Corp issued a recall about 22,000 sport utility vehicles and pickup trucks over tire-deflation monitoring systems that could cause failure. No such crashes or injuries were reported.
 * March - Dairy Crest recalled one batch of its Frijj Thick and Fresh Strawberry milkshake due to low levels of listeria.
 * May - Nestlé Philippines recalled two batches of Maggi beef and chicken noodles after it was reported that it was contaminated with salmonella.
 * June 28, 2011 - McNeil Consumer Healthcare, a division of McNEIL-PPC, Inc., recalled at the retail level one product lot (60,912 bottles) of Tylenol, Extra Strength Caplets, 225 count bottles, manufactured in February 2009 and distributed in the U.S. McNeil took this action following a small number of reports of musty, moldy, or other odor. The uncharacteristic smell has been linked to the presence of trace amounts of a chemical known as 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TBA). Tylenol, Extra Strength Caplets, 225 count Lot # ABA619 with UPC Code 300450444271.
 * August - National Beef Packing Company recalled about 60,424 pounds of ground beef products contaminated with E. coli O157:H7 (the most well-known of the enteropathogenic strains).
 * November - Apple, Inc announced a recall of all first generation iPod nanos sold between September 2005 and December 2006 due to the battery overheating and posing a fire risk.
 * December - Tyson Fresh Meats (part of Tyson Foods) recalled 40 thousand pounds of ground beef in sixteen states. A sample of the 80/20 Ground Beef Chuck produced on 24 October tested positive for E. coli at the company's Nebraska plant.
 * December - Tech For Kids recalled snow bikes due to the risk of a fall hazard.

2012

 * March - Imported Frescolina brand ricotta salata cheese was recalled after at least three of fourteen people sickened by it (diagnosed between Mar. 28 and Aug. 30 in 11 states) died.
 * September - Trader Joe's and SunLand peanut butter products were recalled due to a salmonella scare.
 * October - New England Compounding Center recalled all its products. Contaminated medications caused meningitis outbreak.
 * November- Kenny's farmhouse 4 cheeses were recalled due to listeria.
 * November- Nestlé's Nesquik powder was recalled due to salmonella risk.

2013

 * USA: February: Kellogg Company recalls over 30,000 boxes of Special K Red Berries cereal due to glass fragments.
 * USA: March: - Toys R Us recalls Bell cycling helmets due to faulty strap buckles that could pose a head injury risk in an accident
 * USA: March: - Honda recalls 183,000 vehicles due to concerns that they could brake unexpectedly due to a fault in their electronic stability control systems. A further 381,000 vehicles in the US and worldwide were recalled later in the year due to the same issue.
 * USA: July: Big Lots recalled Christmas tree lights due to fire hazard.
 * Worldwide: August: - Sleepharmony recalls pink beds due to lead levels in their paint exceeding limits under US consumer law.
 * Worldwide: September: Pillsbury Company recalled Cinnamon Rolls due to plastic pieces in the cinnamon rolls.
 * October - Kids II, Inc. recalled 400,000 Baby Einstein Musical Motion Activity Jumpers due to the risk of an impact hazard.
 * October - Hachette Book Group recalled 70,000 children's books due to the risk of choking and laceration hazards.
 * Worldwide: December: - Michelin recalls 1.2m tires fitted as original equipment to the Ford E-Series and other Ford trucks and sedans due to reports of the tire treads separating from the belt causing damage to the vehicles

2014

 * February - General Motors recalled over a dozen vehicles due to faulty ignition switches.
 * April - IKEA recalled 255,000 children's bed canopies due to the risk of strangulation hazards.
 * April - Walmart recalled 174,000 My Sweet Love Cuddle Care baby dolls due to the risk of a burn hazard.
 * April - Playtex recalled 305,000 infant carriers due to the risk of a fall hazard.
 * May - Office Depot recalled 1.4 million office chairs due to the risk of a fall hazard.
 * November 2014, McDonald's recalled 2.3 million Hello Kitty birthday-themed plastic figure Happy Meal toys holding a pink heart-shaped lollipop including a red plastic toy whistle that was due to the risk of a choking hazard.
 * November 13, 2014; Panasonic recalls 300,000 batteries.
 * December 2014: Graco recalled 4.7 million strollers due to the risk of a laceration and amputation hazard.
 * December 2014: Toys R Us recalled 19,000 Koala children's sandals with butterfly wings due to the risk of a choking hazard.

2015

 * On May 19, 2015, Takata announces the recall of 34 million air-bags, which is one of the largest auto defects of all time.
 * In May 2015, Lee's Sandwiches recalled 441000 lb of beef, pork, and chicken produced at its Garden Grove, California, facility, due to an investigation by the federal Food Safety and Inspection Service into meat that was falsely stamped with another facility's inspection mark.
 * On 3 June 2015, the Beats Pill XL speaker has been recalled due to fire hazard.
 * In Summer 2015, Apple, Inc. recalled over 500,000 iMac computers due to an issue where the computer crashes and wipes the hard drive
 * In November 2015, Hotpoint and Indesit began alerting customers who had purchased a tumble dryer between 2004 and 2015 because of the risk of fluff and lint building up around the heating element and presenting a severe fire hazard. A fire occurred in London in August 2016 caused by a tumble dryer which was awaiting inspection after recall. The UK government established a Working Group on Product Recalls and Safety after this event, aiming to "improve product safety and recalls to avoid similar events occurring in future".

2016

 * On 23 February 2016, Mars Incorporated recalled chocolate from 55 different countries, after a German customer found plastic in a Snickers bar in February.
 * In April 2016, CRF Frozen Foods recalled over 400 frozen food products due to listeria outbreak that sickened 8 people.
 * April, 2016, Pilgrim's Pride recalled more than 4.5 million pounds of fully cooked chicken products due to contamination of wood, metal, plastic, and rubber.
 * May 27, 2016, Maruti Suzuki recalled 75,419 units of the Baleno hatchback (petrol and diesel) to upgrade its airbag controller software of which 17,231 units are exports.
 * May 31, 2016, General Mills recall of flour that sickened people with pathogenic E. coli, eventually reaching 45 million pounds, begins.
 * June, 2016, SunOpta recalled dozens of products based on sunflower seeds due to Listeria concerns.
 * July 6, 2016, IKEA recalled all their chocolate candy products due to undeclared allergen contamination. Samples analyzed were found to contain undeclared milk, almond, and hazelnut.
 * July 15, 2016, ConAgra recalls 200,000 pounds of frozen P. F. Chang's meals due to metal fragments.
 * August 2016, McDonald's recalled over 30 million of the Happy Meal Fitness Activity Tracker bands due to risks of skin irritation and burns.
 * September 2, 2016, Samsung recalled 2.5 million Galaxy Note 7 phones due to batteries catching fire or exploding during charging, just after 2 weeks of sale.
 * September 9, 2016, General Motors recalled over 4 million vehicles (brands such as Buick, Chevrolet, GMC and Cadillac) after an air bag software defect kills one person and injures three people.
 * September 11, 2016, Nissan recalled 134,000 Maxima and Murano vehicles due to fire hazard.
 * September 18, 2016, Koffee Kup Bakery recalled 99,000 bread products after consumers reported that there are some clear plastic pieces in some products.
 * September 19/20, 2016, Kellogg Company recalled voluntarily 10,000 cases of Nutri-Grain Whole Wheat Waffles due to listeria concerns.
 * September 21, 2016, Blue Bell Creameries recalled all of their Cookie Dough ice cream products after two flavors of the Cookie Dough ice cream were contaminated with traces of Listeria leading to the deaths of three people and hospitalization of two other people.
 * October 10, 2016, Kraft Heinz recalled the Lunchables Ham and Cheese Stackers products due to misbranding and undeclared allergens.
 * October 10, 2016, Mars, Incorporated recalled Cesar Classics filet mignon dog food after a customer found small plastic pieces in the product.
 * October 11, 2016 Samsung stopped production of the problematic Galaxy Note 7 devices for nine months and have recalled the supposedly "safe" devices because they were still catching fire or exploding
 * November 19, 2016, Taylor Farms recalled 57 varieties of hummus produced under the Sabra brand name due to Listeria concerns.
 * December 2, 2016 Valley Milk Products of Strasburg, Virginia recalled all its products after armed US Marshals seized over 4 million pounds of dry milk and buttermilk powder adulterated with Salmonella Meleagridis. Valley Milk had resisted the FDA's request to do a voluntary recall.

2017

 * January 16, 2017: Ford South Africa and the country's National Consumer Commission (NCC) announced a safety recall affecting 4 556 Ford Kuga vehicles, following a series of fires.
 * June 22, 2017: Mazda North American Operations and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issued a recall for 227,814 Mazda 3s and Mazda 6s after finding problems with their parking brake calipers.
 * November 2017: About 37.8 million fire extinguishers were recalled by Kidde due to failure to discharge.

2018

 * February 5, 2018: IKEA recalled all of their Ikea brand marshmallow candy (GODIS PÅSKKYCKLING) due to possible bacteria contamination from mice infestation. All customers were advised to return them to the nearest IKEA store or discard them immediately.
 * July 11, 2018: IKEA recalled their IKEA brand (LURVIG) pet water dispensers due to a suffocation hazard to pets. Customers were advised to discontinue use and return the pet water dispensers to the nearest IKEA store.
 * July 21, 2018: Kellogg's recalled boxes of Honey Smacks due to 73 cases of salmonella. Kellogg Company and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had a voluntary recall on the cereals and its boxes.
 * July 24, 2018: Cadillac issued a recall on all Cadillac CT6 vehicles that were manufactured between September 4, 2015, and September 21, 2017, due to an excess adhesive interfering with the lower LATCH child restraint anchors. Owners of affected vehicles were recommended to install child restraints with the seat belts until the recall is repaired from the lower LATCH child restraint anchors.
 * October 14, 2018: PepsiCo had recalled the Tropicana Trop50 Multi-Vitamin juice containers and its drink. The company previously recalled Pepsi 16.9-ounce bottles due to a parts failure in the manufacturing process. And in the UK, They have recalled Doritos Chili Heatwave crisps because they contain undisclosed milk. American supermarket chains Whole Foods, Walmart, ShopRite and Trader Joe's asked PepsiCo about the recall on the Trop50 bottles.
 * North America: December 10, 2018: Both Danone and Hiland Dairy brands are recalling products for allergy alerts. Danone North America is recalling its Light & Fit Greek Crunch S'mores flavor, and Hiland Dairy is recalling its half-gallon Whole Chocolate Milk, both for an allergy alert.

2019

 * April 23: Flying Tiger Copenhagen recalls some Wooden train carts because the steam dome on the toy train's engine car can come loose, causing a choking hazard.
 * July 8: Disney Store recalls all Forky 11 inch plushies because the googly eyes could detach, causing a choking hazard, 15 days after Toy Story 4 came out.
 * September 16: General Mills announced it will recall all 5 lb bags of Gold Medal Unbleached All Purpose Flour with a better if used by date of September 6, 2020. Consumers were reminded that flour is not a 'ready to eat' ingredient. Guidance from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) continues to warn that consumers should refrain from consuming any raw products made with flour.
 * Worldwide: December 13: Ford Motor Company recalls all the Super Duty 2017-2019 models Super-Crew Pick-ups due to fire concerns.
 * United Kingdom and Ireland, 18 December: Whirlpool announced a second recall for Hotpoint and Indesit as certain washing machines manufactured between 2014 and 2018 because of a faulty door lock which can overheat and create a risk of fire.
 * December 30: Shortly before New Year's Eve, Central Valley Meat Co. recalls ground beef products due to possible Salmonella Dublin contamination.

2020

 * UK: January 26: Cow & Gate and Tesco are recalling 15 types of baby food jars as a "precautionary measure" amid concerns some may have been tampered with.
 * USA: July 9: 4E Brands North America, based out of San Antonio, issued a major recall on all of its hand sanitizers across the country that were sold under the Blumen and Assured brands due to containing methanol, which was an alcohol that can be deadly to humans if absorbed throughout the skin. Most, if not all, of these bottles were sold at Walmart, Costco, and BJ's Wholesale Club stores nationwide, mostly in the Northeast. Cases of blindness, hospitalizations, and deaths occurred after adults and children drank the products, which lead to many lawsuits. On February 23, 2022, 4E Brands filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and shut down all operations permanently, nearly two years after the recall, citing the number of lawsuits it got during the recall.
 * USA: July 23: Target recalls Manhattan Teether toy due to risks of Choking hazard. ISSUE: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission is asking the people who bought the item to keep the toy away from children and return it to any Target store for a full refund.
 * Europe: September: Sesame seeds contamination by ethylene oxide.
 * Philippines: September 10: The Philippine National Telecommunications Commission issued an order to recall frequencies and channels assigned to ABS-CBN, citing the absence of the latter's valid, legislative franchise.
 * Canada: October: Certain lots of Cottonelle-branded flushable wipes were recalled due to being contaminated with Pluralibacter gergoviae.
 * Worldwide: McDonald's and Disney announced the recall of all Mickey and Minnie’s Runaway Railway toys due to a QR code error, bringing generic toys instead and removing tickets to Walt Disney World.

2021

 * USA: January 4: Target recalls 181,000 Cat and Jack children's swimsuits due to the snaps breaking causing a choking hazard.
 * USA: January: 700,000 Hot Pockets were recalled due to bits of glass and plastic being reported in the pockets.
 * USA: April: U.S. officials recall and suspend the use of the Johnson and Johnson coronavirus vaccine due to blood clots being reported in women who received the vaccine.
 * USA: April 10: The Food and Drug Administration stated that Hostess announced a recall on all of its Sno Balls treats after the treats tested positive for an unknown undeclared allergen.
 * USA: April 14: The FDA issued a recall on all of Trader Joe's Restaurant Style White Corn Tortilla Chips due to possible contamination of undeclared dairy. The contaminated chips were produced by Snak King. The recalled chips were removed from the market after it was discovered that the chips were contaminated with undeclared dairy.
 * Worldwide: May: Hyundai Motor Company recalled the Elantra, Kona, and Veloster models with a 2.0-liter engine to address a potential issue with the piston rings. The concern is that the problem could lead to increased oil consumption, progressing to a knocking sound, and the engine seizing and stalling.
 * USA: July: Johnson & Johnson issued a major recall on its Aveeno and Neutrogena after independent testing had found that they were contaminated with benzene, a cancer-causing chemical that could also develop leukemia and other blood disorders is exposed to it, according to the National Cancer Institute. Some CVS Health sunscreens were also recalled for the same reason.
 * USA: July: various branded muffin names from the Give and Go Prepared Foods Corporation that were sold at various retailers including Walmart, 7-Eleven, Sam's Club, BJ's Wholesale Club, and Stop & Shop, were recalled for possible listeria contamination.
 * Germany: September: The KBA ordered a recall of about 200,000 Volkswagen T6.1 transporters, multivans, caravelles and California campervans that were built between 2019 and 2021. German authorities said that penetrating water at temperatures below freezing point could impair the door locking mechanism, making it appear as though the doors were locked, creating a risk that they could open unexpectedly while driving.
 * USA: October: Walmart recalls The Better Homes & Gardens Lavender & Chamomile Essential Oil Infused Aromatherapy Room Spray with Gemstones, after a product sample tested positive for Burkholderia pseudomallei, a deadly bacterial infection resulting in 2 deaths.
 * USA: November 16, 2021: several flavors of Country Time, Tang, Arizona Tea, and Kool-Aid powders were recalled due to the possibility of them containing metal or glass in them. The products were sold at many retailers, including Walmart, Sam's Club, Costco, and Target.
 * Worldwide: December 3: Honda Motor Co issued a major recall of 789,000 SUVs and pickup trucks because the hood could open by itself while the car was in motion, heightening the risk of an accident. It covers certain 2019 Passports, 2016 through 2019 Pilots and 2017 through 2020 Ridgeline pickups.
 * USA: December 10: The Coca-Cola Company recalled Minute Maid products due to the potential presence of foreign matter, specifically metal bolts or washers.
 * USA: December 21: P&G Co. issued a voluntary recall of a variety of aerosol haircare products, after benzene, a cancer-causing chemical, was detected in some stores. The affected products include dry shampoos and dry conditioners from Pantene, Aussie and Herbal Essences, produced in the U.S.
 * USA: December 27: Dole Food Company recalls its packaged salad processed in the company's Bessemer City, North Carolina and Yuma, Arizona production facilities due to possible listeria monocytogenes contamination.

2022

 * Indonesia: March 2022: Panasonic storage water heaters (DH-15HCMRW, DH-30HCMRW, DH-30HCDRW) are recalled due to safety issues, namely an electric shock that lead to the death of a family in Pulogadung, East Jakarta, whilst using the hot shower.
 * Canada, USA: April 2022: Kinder brand chocolate products were recalled due to possible Salmonella contamination.
 * Canada, USA: May 2022: Jif Peanut Butter products were recalled following the discovery of possible Salmonella contamination.
 * Canada, USA: May 2022: Raspberries recalled due to Norovirus (unspecified as to precise date and brand information)
 * Canada, USA: May 2022: It was announced on May 30 that HEB and FreshKampo strawberries recalled due to hepatitis A.
 * USA: May 2022: FDA recalled Avanos Medical’s Cortrak 2 Enteral Access System based on reports of 60 injuries and 23 patient deaths due to nasoenteric or nasogastric tube misplacements.
 * USA: June 2022: Costco recalled 400,000 solar powered umbrellas after the Li-ion batteries would overheat and ignite.
 * USA: August 2022, the Huffy Corporation issued a recall for thousands of its Blue's Clues & You! ride-on toys after multiple children were injured while using the toy. All of the units affected by the recall were sold at Walmart stores nationwide.

2023

 * USA: February 1, 2023; Conagra Brands issued a major recall of nearly 2.6 million pounds of canned meat and poultry due to a packaging defect that may cause the food to get contaminated.
 * USA: February 9, 2023; Colgate-Palmolive issued a recall of nearly 5 million bottles of Fabuloso multi-purpose cleaner due to a risk of bacterial growth.
 * USA: February 20, 2023; 300,000 bottles of Starbucks bottled Frappuccinos were recalled due to possibly containing pieces of glasses in them.
 * USA: March 10, 2023; more than 3.2 million units of Calico Critters toys were recalled after two children died from choking on the baby bottle and pacifier accessories, posing a serious choking hazard for other small children that may choke and die from the product.
 * USA: March 18, 2023; strawberry products that were sold at Costco, ALDI, Trader Joe's, KeHE, Vital Choice Seafood, and PCC Community Markets stores were recalled due to hepatitis A.
 * USA: March 24, 2023, more than 3,000 pounds of boneless beef chuck products that were distributed to several states were recalled due to possible contamination of E. coli.
 * USA: March 28, 2023, Honda issued a major recall of more than 330,000 vehicles due to a mirror issue with the cars, with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration stating that the vehicles did not comply with rear visibility requirements.
 * USA: March 30, 2023, Jeep recalled over 57,000 of its Jeep Wranglers over an unnecessary part that could cause a fuel leak and a fire to the product.
 * USA: March 30, 2023, Carhartt recalled more than 32,000 pairs of its pants because they posed a trip hazard to the person who would wear the pants. The units were sold at Dick's Sporting Goods stores nationwide and online from July 2022 through November 2022.
 * USA: March 31, 2023, Tesla issued a major recall of its electric Semi trucks because the parking brake may not engage when applied by the driver, which may cause car accidents.
 * USA: March 31, 2023, Unilever issued a recall for over 800,000 units of Laundress fabric conditioner over a carcinogen hazard.
 * USA: April 1, 2023, Jetson issued a recall of tens of thousands of its electric Jetson Rogue hoverboards after the deaths of two girls by a fire that was likely sparked by the lithium-ion battery pack.
 * USA: April 1, 2023, salmon that was sold in Florida Publix stores was recalled over Listeria concerns.
 * USA: August 6, 2023, Frito-Lay recalls 7,000 Doritos bags over soy, wheat allergen problems.
 * USA: September 15, 2023, the Wisconsin-based Green Bay Dressed Beef has recalled over 58,000 ground beef products in several states over concerns of E. coli contamination.
 * USA: September 27, 2023, South Korean automakers Kia and Hyundai announce the recall of 3.4 million vehicles in the US over fire risks. Owners are urged to park their vehicles outside.

2024

 * Canada: March 7, 2024; CFIA announced a recall of Prana Spicy Peas & Favas due to the presence undeclared peanut posing a serious threat to those with peanut allergies.
 * USA: April 3, 2024; Korean business LG Recalls on Solar Systems Batteries on RESU, LG Chem and Solax Products due to Battery Overheating, Fire Risks and Death.

Automotive industry
In general, the number of recalls has been increasing – with an exception during the economic crisis of 2009–2010 – due to time, cost and market pressure. Per year, global automotive warranties are estimated as US$40 billion, 3–5% loss in sales.

Low-priced production often leads to minor quality, and outsourcing leads to a shift of knowledge concerning techniques and processes. This way, technical failures are more likely to occur due to communication problems between the different parties engaged in the supply chain and missing definitions for technical interfaces. Despite the increasing number of recalls, a Mojo Motors, Inc. study found only .005 percent of customers ask about recalls when contacting dealerships. Since 1966, 390 million motor vehicles have been recalled in the USA. 29 million cars were recalled in 2018. That number is down from its peak of 50 million in 2016, but on average, recalls are on the rise. More cars have been recalled between 2015 and 2020 than between 2003 and 2014.

Some of the largest automotive recalls include 1.12 million cars recalled by Toyota in December 2022. The recall included various models of Avalon, Camry, Corolla, RAV4, Lexus ES series, RX350 Highlander, and Sienna Hybrid, due to a fault in the Occupant Classification System (OCS) sensors that could cause the airbags not to deploy as designed.

Manufacturers have to notify the owner when there is a recall notice, but in the case of a second, third or fourth owner of the car, the company may be sending the notice to a previous one.

Food industry
Over 3000 food products were recalled in the US in 2016 according to the US Food and Drug Administration Enforcement reports. Individual recall events caused by contamination from foreign bodies (physical contamination from metal, glass, plastic, wood etc.) has increased by 76% in 2016 compared with 2015. This increase in 2016 is even more marked when looking at the number of products recalled (as opposed to recall event) due to foreign body contamination. In 2016 there were 422 products recalled due to foreign body contamination, whilst in 2015 there were 108; almost a 300% increase.

Pet food recalls
Every year, there are several pet food and treat recalls due to spoiled or tainted ingredients. Perhaps the most known was in 2007. The 2007 pet food recalls involved the massive recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007. The recalls came in response to reports of renal failure in pets consuming mostly wet pet foods made with wheat gluten from a single Chinese company, beginning in February 2007. The recall began voluntarily with the Canadian company Menu Foods on March 16, 2007, when a company test showed sickness and death in some of the test animals. Overall, several major companies have recalled 150 different brands of food comprising more than 5,000 separate pet food products. The FDA and USDA investigation found the food to be intentionally contaminated with the chemical melamine.

However pet food recalls are not rare at all. The 2007 recall stands out and is well known because of the sheer size, scope, and number of animals affected. But pet food recalls occur on a regular basis. For instance, on September 12, 2008, Mars Petcare US announced a voluntary recall of all dry pet food products produced at its plant in Everson, Pennsylvania, citing potential contamination with salmonella.

Snack food recall
On July 23, 2018, Pepperidge Farm announced that the Flavor Blasted Xtra Cheddar Goldfish crackers were being recalled due to possible salmonella contamination in the whey powder used on them. This recall also affected the Flavor Blasted Sour Cream and Onion, Whole Grain Xtra Cheddar, and Xtra Cheddar and Pretzel varieties.

Also, more snack products were recalled for various safety reasons. Mondelēz Global LLC recalled all Ritz Crackers products that are containing whey after traces of salmonella were detected on the whey powder. The recall includes Ritz cheese cracker sandwiches and mixed cookie and cracker variety packs. Flower Foods recalled all of their Swiss Rolls products sold under the H-E-B, Food Lion, Mrs. Freshley's, Baker's Treat, Market Square, and Great Value brands due to contamination of salmonella. John Derst's Old Fashioned Bread was also affected by the recall. Pinnacle Foods, Inc. issued a recall on all Hungry Man BBQ boneless chicken wing products due to salmonella being detected in the whey powder of the ranch dressing.

Broadcast industry
On September 10, 2020, the frequencies of ABS-CBN Channel 2, alongside its digital channels such as Yey!, Asianovela Channel, and Movie Central, as well as terrestrial operations of cable channels such as Cine Mo!, TeleRadyo, Jeepney TV, Myx, and Knowledge Channel on ABS-CBN TV Plus, and other pertinent local TV and radio stations, were recalled by the Philippine National Telecommunications Commission citing the absence of a valid, legislative franchise. The provisional authorities and certificates of public convenience granted to ABS-CBN were also taken away by the said government agency.

title: Product recall


text:
User:Gdr/Articles

Computational complexity theory: Alternating Turing machine Alternating automaton Cook's theorem DSPACE DTIME E ELEMENTARY ESPACE Exponential hierarchy FNP FP Function problem Linear speedup theorem List of complexity classes NE NESPACE NEXPSPACE NEXPTIME NSPACE NTIME PH Polynomial hierarchy Savitch's theorem Speedup theorem

Climbing: Aid climbing Belaying Bolt Clean climbing Climbing system Copperhead Eight-thousander Free climbing Nut Peak bagging Piton Sport climbing Spring loaded camming device Topographic prominence Traditional climbing

Mathematical games: Dots and Boxes Envelope paradox Game complexity Game tree Generalized game Gomoku How to solve the Knight's tour Sprague-Grundy theorem Sprouts Tic-tac-toe

Royal Navy ships: Great Harry HMS Amethyst (U16) HMS Bellerophon (1786) HMS Indefatigable (1909) HMS Kite (U87) HMS Lion (1910) HMS Mars (1794) HMS Northumberland HMS Royal Charles (1655) HMS Starling (U66) HMS Temeraire HMS Thunderer (1911)

Royal Navy personnel: Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport Alexander Hood (captain) Robert Calder Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford George Ayscue Richard Deane Robert Blake (admiral) Samuel Hood (admiral) William Penn (admiral)

Pacific War: Air raids on Darwin, February 19, 1942 Attack on Rabaul Battle of Angaur Battle of Blackett Strait Battle of Buna-Gona Battle of Cape Esperance Battle of Cape St. George Battle of Empress Augusta Bay Battle of Eniwetok Battle of Guam Battle of Kwajalein Battle of Leyte Gulf Battle of Leyte Battle of New Georgia Battle of Saipan Battle of Tinian Battle of Vella Gulf Battle of Vella Lavella Battle of the Aleutian Islands Battle off Horaniu Indian Ocean raid Naval Battle of Guadalcanal Operation Hailstorm Sinking of Prince of Wales and Repulse

Anglo-Dutch Wars: Battle of Dungeness Battle of Leghorn Battle of Lowestoft Battle of Plymouth Battle of Portland Battle of Scheveningen Battle of Solebay Battle of Texel Battle of the Gabbard Battle of the Kentish Knock Cornelis Tromp First Anglo-Dutch War Four Days Battle Maarten Tromp Michiel de Ruyter Raid on the Medway St. James's Day Battle Witte Corneliszoon de With

Eastern Front (WWII): Battle of Rostov (1941) Battle of Uman Battle of Voronezh (1942) Operation Saturn Timeline of the WWII Eastern Front

Imperial Japanese Navy: Japanese aircraft carrier Akagi Japanese aircraft carrier Hiryū Japanese aircraft carrier Junyō Japanese aircraft carrier Kaga Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō Japanese aircraft carrier Shōhō Japanese aircraft carrier Shōkaku Japanese aircraft carrier Sōryū Japanese aircraft carrier Zuikaku Japanese battleship Nagato Japanese cruiser Chikuma Japanese cruiser Tone Japanese destroyer Ikazuchi

Naval warfare: Age of sail Battle of Actium Battle of Camperdown Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805) Battle of Cape Finisterre Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780) Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1797) Battle of Dover Strait Battle of La Hougue Battle of Vigo Bay Battle of the Downs Battle of the Nile Battle of the Solent Carrack Convoy Fire ship 1st, First Battle of the Atlantic First battle of Cape Finisterre (1747) Galleon Galley Glorious First of June Great Michael High Seas Fleet Line of battle List of naval battles Naval operations in the American Revolutionary War Otranto Barrage Pennant number Pierre-Charles Villeneuve Quinquereme Royal Scottish Navy SMS Seydlitz 2nd, Second battle of Cape Finisterre (1747) Ship of the line Spanish Main Spanish treasure fleet 3rd Battles of Trireme Unrestricted submarine warfare Ushant

Ship classes: B class destroyer Black Swan class sloop C and D class destroyer C class destroyer (1943) E and F class destroyer Flower class corvette G and H class destroyer Havock class destroyer Hawkins class cruiser I class destroyer J and K class destroyer L and M class destroyer N class destroyer O and P class destroyer Q and R class destroyer River class frigate S and T class destroyer Town class destroyer U and V class destroyer W and Z class destroyer

Other: Anglo-Spanish War (1585) Aubrey-Maturin series Battle of Bléneau Battle of Dunbar (1650) Battle of Gazala Battle of Verdun Battle of attrition Bounding volume Capsicum Common User Access Continental time Currying Domain Name System Dynamical simulation E-mail address Electronic mail First novel in English First-class object Hepburn Hiragana Hosokawa Gracia Internet appliance Japanese grammar (talk) Japanese language (talk) Joachim Beuckelaer Katakana Leap year Legal consequences of marriage in the United Kingdom Lightweight markup language Liza Dalby MX record Middlemarch New calendarists Novel Old calendarists Patrick O'Brian Post-glacial rebound Quadrilateral Reverse DNS lookup Revised Julian calendar Rōmaji Seasonal year Serialization Shirley Shogun Sidereal day Systems Application Architecture Toolchain Viewing frustum Villette White-Jacket Year

Diagrams: Battle of Jutland map, battlecruiser and fleet actions Clade types Gomoku example game positions 1 2 3 Dot and boxes Dots and boxes strategy Eiger north face How e-mail works Hominoid taxonomy trees 2 3 4 5 6 Knight's tour diagrams 1 2 3 4 5 6 Quadrilateral hierarchy Relative height Sidereal day Sprouts game and analysis Tic-tac-toe diagrams 1 2 3 Battle of Verdun Eastern Front (WWII) maps: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Photos: Caernarfon castle Chocolate brownies Snowdon Valkyrie

Projects: Battles History Tree of Life Wars

title: User:Gdr/Articles


text:
Talk:Melilla

Islam Christianity discrepancy
In the Christianity and Islam section of the Demographics area, the former says that Roman Catholicism is the largest religion in Melilla at 65%, while the latter says that half the population of Melilla are Muslim. Obviously, both cannot be correct. 70.54.170.111 (talk) 19:38, 17 February 2024 (UTC)
 * agreed 217.8.28.225 (talk) 18:18, 29 March 2024 (UTC)

WP:NOTDICT & WP:UE
We must have the actual romanizations of foreign text like Arabic. We do not need every variant IPA transcription in the lead sentence, especially when it runs to fill an entire line. It's questionable that /ə/ needs a separate version, since it's just informal/unstressed handling of the short /ɛ/ sound, and there's already a (mishandled) #Name section. That's where a laundry list of IPA forms should be dumped if we're even including them instead of (more correctly/helpfully) providing links to the Wiktionary entries. — Llywelyn II   16:53, 6 April 2024 (UTC)

Oh, and the unsourced "Spanish pronunciation" is/was wrong per the Wiktionary entry and our article on the Spanish double L. The editor who added it provided a historic pronunciation, but not a local or standard one. Ditto the mistranscription of the Punic characters on the coinage, presumably owing to Lara Peinado. Ditto misattributing the Latin to Ptolemy and Pliny instead of just Pliny. &c. &c. &c. — Llywelyn II   17:48, 6 April 2024 (UTC)

Berber script unneeded?
The article on Tarifit language says it's typically written in a modified Latin script, not with the Berber alphabet. Is that mistaken? or should both appear? — Llywelyn II   16:59, 6 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Melilla


text:
User:Ibson

Bonjour et bienvenue chez IBSON (This page is underconstruction)

title: User:Ibson


text:
Ian Caldwell

Ian Mackinnon Caldwell (born March 18, 1976) is an American novelist known for co-authoring the 2004 novel The Rule of Four. His second book, The Fifth Gospel, was published in 2015.

Early life and education
Caldwell was born on March 18, 1976, in Fairfax County, Virginia, where he later met his future writing collaborator, Dustin Thomason. Both graduated from the Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in 1994. Caldwell graduated Phi Beta Kappa with an A.B. in history from Princeton University in 1998 after completing an 127-page-long senior thesis, titled The French Popular Front and the Debate over Intervention in the Spanish Civil War, under the supervision of Thomas J. Dandelet.

Career
After college, while working with Thomason on their first novel, Caldwell worked at MicroStrategy in Tyson Corner and taught test preparation for Kaplan, Inc. in Blacksburg. Caldwell is married to his wife, Meredith, who earned her DVM at Virginia Tech. The couple lived in Newport News, Virginia, before moving to Vienna, Virginia. They have three children: Ethan, Jude, and Luke.

Upon graduating from their respective colleges, Caldwell began working with Thomason on the novel The Rule of Four. After writing together for a summer, the two continued to collaborate online and by telephone for the next five years. The plot centers on four Princeton seniors attempting to solve a mystery related to the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili, an Italian work from the early Renaissance. The book was published by Dial Press in 2004, spent 49 weeks on The New York Times Best Seller list and has sold almost 2 million copies. It was often compared to Dan Brown's novel The Da Vinci Code due to its similar style of teaching history through a fictional plot as well as the proximity in date of publication.

It took Caldwell ten years to complete his second work, The Fifth Gospel, which was published by Simon & Schuster in 2015. This solo work tells the fictional story of two brothers, both priests, exploring the Diatessaron, the "fifth" gospel, and how it might lead to reconciliation between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.

title: Ian Caldwell


text:
Dustin Thomason

Dustin Thomason (born February 17, 1976) is an American writer and producer who co-authored the New York Times bestselling historical fiction novel The Rule of Four with Ian Caldwell.

Novels
Thomason began his career as a novelist. He is a co-author of the 2004 novel The Rule of Four, and the author of 12.21. The Rule of Four hit the top of the New York Times Best Seller list, where it remained for six months, sold more than four million copies, and was the best selling debut novel of the decade. 12.21 (concerning the 2012 phenomenon) was also a New York Times and International bestseller. In addition to television, Thomason's production company, Old Curiosity Shop, has published and produced three young adult novels ("Antisocial ", "Soul City ", "xL ").

Television career
Thomason co-created and was showrunner of Hulu's Castle Rock, for which he won the 2019 Writers Guild of America award for long form original television. He also co-created ABC drama The Evidence and wrote and executive produced Fox's Lie to Me and WGN America's critically acclaimed Manhattan. He is currently the Executive Producer of the David E. Kelley/Apple TV+'s series Presumed Innocent, and the co-creator Overlook, the forthcoming series from JJ Abrams's of Bad Robot set in the universe of Stephen King's The Shining.

Personal life
Thomason attended Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in Fairfax County, Virginia, then went on to study anthropology at Harvard University and received his M.D. and his MBA from Columbia University in 2003. He lives and works in Los Angeles, California.

He was childhood friends with Rule of Four coauthor Ian Caldwell, whom he first collaborated with in elementary school.

title: Dustin Thomason