text:
GE HealthCare

GE HealthCare Technologies, Inc. is an American multinational medical technology company headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. It was spun-off from General Electric on January 4, 2023, with GE retaining 6.7%. As of 2017, it is a manufacturer and distributor of diagnostic imaging agents and radiopharmaceuticals for imaging modalities used in medical imaging procedures. It offers dyes used in magnetic-resonance-imaging procedures; manufactures medical diagnostic equipment, including CT image machines; MRI, X-ray; ultrasound; cath labs; mammogram; Nuclear Medicine Cameras; and develops health technology for medical imaging and information technologies, medical diagnostics, patient monitoring systems, disease research, drug discovery, and biopharmaceutical manufacturing. It was incorporated in 1994 and operates in more than 100 countries.

On November 9, 2021, General Electric announced it would split into three investment-grade public companies, with GE HealthCare being one of the three planned divestitures. GE HealthCare completed its spin-off on January 4, 2023, with the company being listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market.

19th century
In 1893, C.F. Samms and J.B. Wantz founded the Victor Electric Company in a basement. By 1896 they made electrostatic generators for exciting X-ray tubes and electrotherapeutic devices. They had a staff of six and a capital of $3,000 invested in the company.

Victor Electric plunged into the X-ray business and by 1896 (one year after Roentgen’s discovery) were making X-ray machines. The business grew rapidly and so, in 1896, moved into new premises three times the original size, but this did not solve the space problems and the company made 3 moves by 1899.

Victor Electric had competitors. In 1896, G.A.Frye began making X-ray tubes, which in 1897 was purchased by Swett & Lewis as the first merger in the X-ray business.

20th century
During the first years, it was easier to keep up with the competition than space requirements. By 1903, Victor Electric had outgrown its facilities at 418 Dearborn St. in Chicago and bought two floors of a building at 55 Market Street, Chicago. This was again only a temporary stop; by 1910 it was too small and the firm moved again in 1911 to a building at the corner of Jackson Blvd. and Damen Avenue. This was the first permanent home of Victor Electric Co. They stayed there 35 years and during this time, gradually acquired all the space in the building and several around it.

During the first 20 years of the X-ray business, many new names appeared. In 1901 the Western Electric Coil Co. was formed. In 1902 MacAlaster & Wiggin purchased the X-ray tube business of Swett & Lewis. Two other companies were the Radio Electric Co., which was later to be known as Snook-Roentgen Manufacturing and the Scheidel Western X-Ray Coil Co. In 1907, Homer Clyde Snook introduced the Snook apparatus, the first interrupterless device produced for X-ray work. The Snook apparatus was manufactured in England.

In 1916, the first significant merger took place, Scheidel Western, Snook-Roentgen, MacAlaster & Wiggin, and Victor Electric Co. were merged with Victor, the surviving name. Victor's two founders had key roles in the new firm; C.F.Samms was company president and J.B.Wantz was Vice-President of manufacturing and engineering.

Four years later, in 1920, a second major merger was accomplished when Victor was acquired by General Electric which was, at that time, the foremost manufacturer of X-ray tubes.

The marriage of Victor Electric and General Electric became complete of July 28, 1926, when Victor was declared a wholly owned affiliate of General Electric. The merger brought renewed vitality to the organization and Victor entered the foreign market with equipment sold and serviced in nearly 70 countries. In 1930, the name was changed from Victor to General Electric X-Ray Corporation.

World War II saw the dramatic use of X-rays in industry for non-destructive testing of war materials. It also saw the broad use of X-rays as a medical tool for military services.

As the war ended, GE X-Ray Corporation continued to grow. Greater production capacity and greater expertise was needed in the core business of building X-ray tubes. Since the tubes were made from hand-blown glass, the decision was made to move the company 90 miles north to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in order to tap into the enormous amount of glass-blowing talent in Milwaukee's beer-brewing industry. The company moved from Jackson Blvd. in Chicago to a 43 acre site in the city of West Milwaukee, which had been used for building turbochargers during the war. The street in front was renamed Electric Avenue, and the General Electric X-Ray Corporation had a new home in 1947.

In 1951, the corporate structure was dissolved and the name changed to General Electric X-Ray Department. This new name lasted less than 10 years as the department divested itself of its industrial X-ray business, widened its medical business, and took on the name of GE Medical Systems Department. One of the reasons for the name of Medical Systems was due to the increase in the electro-medical business, which began in 1961 with the introduction of patient monitoring equipment. By 1967 modular equipment was developed which was soon popular in cardiac and intensive care units. Early in 1960, pacemakers were developed in Corporate Research & Development in Schenectady, New York, and in 1969 the Standby Pacemaker was developed.

In 1968, the Biomedical Business Section opened its first factory in Edgerton Avenue. Late in 1970 a surgical package was introduced and in 1971, equipment to monitor blood gasses during surgery was introduced.

Later in 1971, Biomedical opened a 9,000 square meter admin and engineering building opposite its factory and in 1972, the section was renamed The cardio-Surgical Product Section. With the growth of its medical business, the General Electric Company upgraded the department to The Medical Systems Division in 1971. Also in 1971, a major expansion programme was started and the Waukesha factory was planned. Work started in July 1972, and was completed in 1973.

In 1974, work on CT was started and eventually the first CT machine was installed in 1976. Development continued to the first CT 8800, and after long negotiations, GE acquired the medical division of EMI Group Ltd. in late 1980 soon after the 1979 takeover of EMI medical division by Thorn Electric company. The American Anti-Trust Authorities stopped the takeover in the USA however, and the EMI factory in Chicago was bought up by Omni-Medical, who continued to make CTs for a number of years.

Meanwhile, back at GE, the Patient Monitoring Department was sold off in 1981. The initial boost provided by the EMI takeover turned into the doldrums as Reaganomics sent the US dollar soaring, so in 1984 GE bought a 49% share of YMS (Yokogawa Medical Systems), a Japanese company.

In 1983, GE Medical started investing heavily in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technology, investing nearly 1 billion US dollars in a new plant in Waukesha, and the MR Signa was born, which would go on to become the very successful MR model range. The magnet plant in Florence (USA) was opened a short time later, giving GE its own magnet production. In the same year, GE divested its dental X-ray division to form Gendex Dental Systems.

In 1985 GE acquired Technicare from Johnson and Johnson. Originally named Ohio Nuclear (and in 1979, after another fusion, Ohio Nuclear Unirad), the name was changed to Technicare in 1982. Technicare (with headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio) had been producing a range of rotate-stationary CTs with an installed base in the thousands, as well as some X-ray diagnostic equipment and a nascent MRI product range.

Up to this time, the medical Systems Division had simply been divided into domestic and international, but in 1987 it was decided to re-organize into the three "poles" of America, Europe and Pacific. In 1988, GE Medical Europe merged with CGR (a medical equipment supplier based in France) to form General Electric CGR Medical Systems. The European headquarters were moved from Hammersmith (UK) to Buc near Paris.

In 1992, GE had a setback after long negotiations to buy Picker International, who were a major producer of CT and MR equipment. The deal was not approved by the American authorities, and so GE just bought the Picker Service organization in the U.K., leaving the rest of Picker intact.

In 1994, it was decided to change the name in Europe from GE-CGR back to General Electric Medical Systems.

On September 1, 1995, GE HealthCare acquired the Fremont, California MRI maker Resonex. At the close of 1998, GE Medical acquired the Nuclear and MR businesses of Elscint, (then a division of Elron, based in Haifa, Israel), the CT business being bought by Picker, and in the same year Marquette Medical Systems became a wholly owned subsidiary of GE Medical. In 1998, GE medical bought Diasonics Vingmed Ltd. from Elbit Medical Imaging (of Haifa, Israel), thus expanding its ultrasound imaging business. In late 2000, GE bought out the remaining 50% of the ELGEMS joint-venture formed with Elscint in 1997.

21st century
In 2001, GE Medical Systems acquired San Francisco, California–based CT maker Imatron, Inc for $210 million. Imatron produced an Electron beam tomography (EBT) scanner that performs imaging applications used by physicians specializing in cardiology, pulmonology and gastroenterology. The formal Imatron business was later incorporated into GE HealthCare's Diagnostic Imaging business segment. In early 2002, GE HealthCare had acquired MedicaLogic (creator of the former Logician, an ambulatory Electronic Medical Records system) for approximately $32 million. By Jan 2003, GE acquired Millbrook Corporation, maker of Millbrook Practice Manager, a billing and scheduling system for doctors' offices. GE HealthCare IT would later merge the two products into one, although the stand-alone EMR product is still available and in development. Also in April 2002, GE HealthCare completed the acquisition of Visualization Technology, Inc., Boston, MA; a manufacturer of intra-operative medical devices and related products for use in minimally invasive image guided surgery. In 2003, GE HealthCare acquired Instrumentarium (including its Datex-Ohmeda division), a producer, manufacturer, and supplier of anesthesia machines and mechanical ventilators. To satisfy regulatory concerns in the United States and in Europe, GE HealthCare was forced to divest Instrumentarium's Ziehm Imaging mobile C-arm business, as well as its Spacelabs patient-monitoring unit. Currently, GE HealthCare owns 80% of all anesthesia machines in the United States and 60% of the machines in the world. The former Instrumentarium business was incorporated into GE HealthCare's Clinical Systems business segment.In 2004, the former Amersham plc business segments were separated into the GE HealthCare Medical Diagnostics and Life Sciences business segments and May 1, 2013, both the business were combined again under the GE Life Sciences brand with Kieran Murphy taking the leadership role. Also in 2004, GE HealthCare along with other healthcare companies built a research reactor for neutron and unit cell research at GE's European Research Center near Garching (outside of Munich), Germany. It is the only such reactor currently in operation. In 2005, Sir William Castell, CEO of GE HealthCare and former CEO of Amersham plc stepped down as CEO to become Chairman of the Wellcome Trust—a charity that fosters and promotes human and animal research—in the United Kingdom. Former GE Medical Systems CEO Joe Hogan became the overall CEO for the GE HealthCare business. In 2005, Dental Imaging operations were separated from GE HealthCare. The PaloDEx Group Oy was founded and continues the business with its subsidiaries Instrumentarium Dental and SOREDEX. Specifically, Instrumentarium Dental continues the brands Orthopantomograph and intraoral systems FOCUS and SIGMA, formerly known as Instrumentarium Imaging or GE HealthCare products. In September 2005, GE HealthCare and IDX Systems Corporation announced that they entered into a definitive, $1.2 billion merger agreement for GE to acquire IDX, a leading healthcare information technology (IT) provider. The acquisition was completed in January 2006. IDX was folded into GE HealthCare Integrated IT Solutions, which specializes in clinical information systems and healthcare revenue management.

On 4 February 2008, GE HealthCare announced that it had completed the acquisition of Whatman plc (LSE:WHM), a global supplier of filtration products and technologies at 270p per share in cash for each Whatman share, valuing Whatman at approximately £363 million (approximately $713 million.) In July 2008, Joseph Hogan announced his intent to leave his post as CEO of GE HealthCare to take the role of CEO at ABB. On July 17, 2008, GE HealthCare announced John Dineen had been chosen to replace outgoing CEO Joseph Hogan. Mr. Dineen had been head of GE's Transportation division since 2005. On March 24, 2010, GE HealthCare announced acquisition of MedPlexus. In late April, 2010, GE HealthCare announced it was investing €3 million in the Technology Research for Independent Living Centre (TRIL). The Irish centre seeks to enhance independence for elderly people through technological innovation.

In July 2015, GE HealthCare partnered with the 2015 CrossFit Games to provide athletes with mobile imaging equipment.

In January 2016, it was announced GE HealthCare's global headquarters will move to Chicago effective early 2016.

In June 2017, GE announced Kieran Murphy as the new CEO of GE HealthCare, with former CEO John Flannery's appointment as CEO of GE.

In April 2018, GE announced the sale of several healthcare information technology assets for $1.05 billion to Veritas Capital.

In June 2018, GE announced plans to spin off GE HealthCare into its own company, representing the conglomerate's efforts to shrink and focus more on the aviation, power and renewable energy sectors. The plan was put on hold after selling the biopharma business to Danaher Corporation for $21.4 billion.

In January 2020, GE announced Mahesh Palashikar As New President, CEO of its South Asia division. In November of the same year the business announced it would acquire Prismatic Sensors AB.

In 2021, GE started a collaboration with Spectronic Medical to create AI-based software. In September the business announced it would acquire BK Medical from Altaris Capital Partners for $1.45 billion.

On November 9, 2021, the company announced it would demerge into three investment-grade public companies, GE HealthCare being one of the three planned divestitures. The spin-off of GE HealthCare happened on 4 January 2023.

In February 2023, it was announced GE HealthCare has acquired the San Mateo–headquartered AI medical technology manufacturer, Caption Health, for an undisclosed sum.

Gadolinium-based contrast agents
In 1994, GE HealthCare ignored advice of its safety experts to proactively restrict the use of its MRI contrast Omniscan and tried to conceal evidence of its risks by telling its researchers to "burn the data", as revealed during a trial opposing debilitated consumers due to its accumulation in multiple organs.

In 2009, GE HealthCare sued for defamation a radiologist at the University of Copenhagen Hospital who linked the uses of Omniscan to gadolinium induced fibrosis after 20 of his patients (from which 1 died) suffered from it after its administration.

in 2017, GE HealthCare opposed the EMA suspending the use of Omniscan (along other linear agents), despite evidence of the high cytotoxicity of gadodiamide and its likelihood to dissociate after deposition.

In a 2020 study, their other MRI dye, Clariscan, was retained more in the cerebrum, cerebellum, kidney and liver of rats than those injected Dotarem, its original drug. Although the authors didn't provide a possible explanation, differences in the chelation process of gadolinium ions (Guerbet's process being patented) or quality assurance could be causes of increased retention in vivo.

Other
According to The Independent, the firm has received more money back in tax benefits (£1.6 million) in the UK over the past 12 years than it has paid in. Its UK operations are all ultimately owned by a holding company in the Netherlands. Tax paid was £250,000, 1.7% of its £14.3m profit. The group employs 22,000 people in the UK.

It supplies a cloud-based imaging system to the East Midlands Radiology Consortium, which was described in October 2017 as breaking down, so that medical images had to be sent between hospitals by taxi.

Operations
GE HealthCare has a range of products and services that include medical imaging and information technologies, electronic medical records, medical diagnostics, and patient monitoring systems. GE HealthCare consists of 9 primary business units:
 * Detection and Guidance Solutions (DGS), led by
 * devices for X-ray, bone densitometry and digital mammography.
 * Healthcare Digital, headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, USA.
 * Healthcare Digital provides clinical & financial information technology such as departmental IT products, RIS/PACS (Radiology Information Systems/Picture Archiving and Communication Systems), CVIS (Cardiovascular Information Systems), Cloud based products as well as revenue cycle management and practice applications. The GE Health Cloud is their latest AWS based cloud offering with case exchange and multi-disciplinary teams (MDT) capabilities. Additional internal co-development partnerships include protocol management and automated protocol selection capabilities.
 * Former IDX, GE HealthCare's IT business will have its global headquarters in Barrington, Illinois, with major offices in South Burlington, Vermont; Boston; Seattle; and London, along with satellite offices both within and outside the United States.
 * Life Care Solutions (LCS), led by Thierry Leclercq, headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
 * Provides tools for critical care, ECG, anesthesia delivery, neonatal intensive care, labor & delivery, preoperative and home care.
 * Magnetic Resonance (MR), led by Jie Xue, headquartered in Waukesha (near Milwaukee), Wisconsin, USA
 * Provider of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging systems.
 * Molecular Imaging & Computed Tomography (MICT), led by Jean-Luc Procaccini, (previously Michael J. Barber) headquartered in Waukesha (near Milwaukee), Wisconsin, USA.
 * Provides computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET) and molecular imaging technologies.
 * Surgery, headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
 * Provides tools and technologies for cardiac, surgical and interventional care, from cardiac catheterization labs, diagnostic monitoring systems, data management systems to mobile fluoroscopic imaging systems, navigation and 3D visualization instrumentation.
 * Ultrasound (US), led by Roland Rott.
 * Produces ultrasound products for general imaging, cardiology, women's health, point of care and primary care, as well as related IT tools.
 * Global Services, led by Luiz Verzegnassi, headquartered in Greater Milwaukee Area, WI, USA.

While it has offices around the globe, GE HealthCare has major regional operations in Buc (suburb of Paris), France; Helsinki, Finland; Kraków, Poland; Budapest, Hungary; Yizhuang (suburb of Beijing), China; Hino & Tokyo, Japan, and Bangalore, India.

Its biggest R&D center is in Bangalore, India, built at a cost of $50 million.

title: GE HealthCare


text:
ATC code R06

R06AA Aminoalkyl ethers

 * R06AA01 Bromazine
 * R06AA02 Diphenhydramine
 * R06AA04 Clemastine
 * R06AA06 Chlorphenoxamine
 * R06AA07 Diphenylpyraline
 * R06AA08 Carbinoxamine
 * R06AA09 Doxylamine
 * R06AA10 Trimethobenzamide
 * R06AA11 Dimenhydrinate
 * R06AA52 Diphenhydramine, combinations
 * R06AA54 Clemastine, combinations
 * R06AA56 Chlorphenoxamine, combinations
 * R06AA57 Diphenylpyraline, combinations
 * R06AA59 Doxylamine, combinations
 * R06AA61 Dimenhydrinate, combinations

R06AB Substituted alkylamines

 * R06AB01 Brompheniramine
 * R06AB02 Dexchlorpheniramine
 * R06AB03 Dimetindene
 * R06AB04 Chlorphenamine
 * R06AB05 Pheniramine
 * R06AB06 Dexbrompheniramine
 * R06AB07 Talastine
 * R06AB51 Brompheniramine, combinations
 * R06AB52 Dexchlorpheniramine, combinations
 * R06AB54 Chlorphenamine, combinations
 * R06AB56 Dexbrompheniramine, combinations

R06AC Substituted ethylene diamines

 * R06AC01 Mepyramine
 * R06AC02 Histapyrrodine
 * R06AC03 Chloropyramine
 * R06AC04 Tripelennamine
 * R06AC05 Methapyrilene
 * R06AC06 Thonzylamine
 * R06AC52 Histapyrrodine, combinations
 * R06AC53 Chloropyramine, combinations

R06AD Phenothiazine derivatives

 * R06AD01 Alimemazine
 * R06AD02 Promethazine
 * R06AD03 Thiethylperazine
 * R06AD04 Methdilazine
 * R06AD05 Hydroxyethylpromethazine
 * R06AD06 Thiazinam
 * R06AD07 Mequitazine
 * R06AD08 Oxomemazine
 * R06AD09 Isothipendyl
 * R06AD52 Promethazine, combinations
 * R06AD55 Hydroxyethylpromethazine, combinations

R06AE Piperazine derivatives

 * R06AE01 Buclizine
 * R06AE03 Cyclizine
 * R06AE04 Chlorcyclizine
 * R06AE05 Meclozine
 * R06AE06 Oxatomide
 * R06AE07 Cetirizine
 * R06AE09 Levocetirizine
 * R06AE51 Buclizine, combinations
 * R06AE53 Cyclizine, combinations
 * R06AE55 Meclozine, combinations

R06AK Combinations of antihistamines

 * Empty group

R06AX Other antihistamines for systemic use

 * R06AX01 Bamipine
 * R06AX02 Cyproheptadine
 * R06AX03 Thenalidine
 * R06AX04 Phenindamine
 * R06AX05 Antazoline
 * R06AX07 Triprolidine
 * R06AX08 Pyrrobutamine
 * R06AX09 Azatadine
 * R06AX11 Astemizole
 * R06AX12 Terfenadine
 * R06AX13 Loratadine
 * R06AX15 Mebhydrolin
 * R06AX16 Deptropine
 * R06AX17 Ketotifen
 * R06AX18 Acrivastine
 * R06AX19 Azelastine
 * R06AX21 Tritoqualine
 * R06AX22 Ebastine
 * R06AX23 Pimethixene
 * R06AX24 Epinastine
 * R06AX25 Mizolastine
 * R06AX26 Fexofenadine
 * R06AX27 Desloratadine
 * R06AX28 Rupatadine
 * R06AX29 Bilastine
 * R06AX31 Quifenadine
 * R06AX32 Sequifenadine
 * R06AX53 Thenalidine, combinations
 * R06AX58 Pyrrobutamine, combinations

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: ATC code R06


text:
Hirono, Fukushima

Hirono (広野町) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an official registered population of 4755 in 2267 households, and a population density of 81 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 58.69 km2.

Geography
Hirono is located in southern of Fukushima Prefecture, bordering on the Pacific Ocean to the east.

Climate
Hirono has a humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Hirono is 11.4 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1413 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.3 °C, and lowest in January, at around 0.9 °C.

Surrounding municipalities

 * Fukushima Prefecture
 * Iwaki
 * Naraha

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Hirono has remained relatively steady for the past 60 years.

History
The area of present-day Hirono was part of Mutsu Province, and was included in the holdings of Iwakitaira Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. After the Meiji restoration, on April 1, 1889, the village of Hirono was created within Naraha District, Fukushima with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Naraha District became Futaba District in 1896. Hirono was elevated to town status on August 1, 1940.

2011 earthquake and tsunami
The eastern, coastal portion of Hirono was inundated by devastating tsunami flood waters following the magnitude 9.0 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami off its coastline on March 11, 2011. Following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, the town was included in the emergency evacuation preparation zone, as it was just outside the 20 kilometer exclusion zone; however, the town government recommended that all residents evacuate and all civic services were shut down. Although the central government advised that it was safe to return in September 2011, the town government maintained its evacuation recommendation until April 2012. The town hall reopened on March 1, 2012 in preparation for the return of residents and the radioactive decontamination of schools; however, a ban on agriculture remained in place. Residents were initially hesitant to return, with only 1,352 of the registered 5,005 residents having returned by February 2014. However, by the end of March 2020, the Hirono city government reported that over 88 percent of the former inhabitants had returned.

Economy
The economy of Hirono is heavily dependent on agriculture. The fossil-fuel powered Hirono Thermal Power Station located directly at the Pacific Ocean about 3 km north of the town is also a major employer. Although damaged by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami Tepco managed to return the power station to operation four months later.

Education
Hirono has one public elementary school and one public junior high school operated by the town government, and one public high school operated by the Fukushima Board of Education.

Railway

 * JR logo (east).svg East - Jōban Line
 * Hirono

Highway

 * - Hirono Interchange

title: Hirono, Fukushima


text: Category:Racket sports

title: Category:Racket sports


text:
User:Arvy~enwiki

Arvind Kalyan - currently a Software engineer in yahoo

Was a student in Kongu Engineering College doing Computer Science and Engineering.

Interests: data, c, c++, java, php, mysql, oracle

title: User:Arvy~enwiki


text:
Montauk Project

The Montauk Project is a conspiracy theory that alleges there were a series of United States government projects conducted at Camp Hero or Montauk Air Force Station in Montauk, New York, for the purpose of developing psychological warfare techniques and exotic research including time travel. The story of the Montauk Project originated in the Montauk Project series of books by Preston Nichols which intermixes those stories with stories about the Bulgarian Experiment.

Origin
Stories about the Montauk Project have circulated since the early 1980s. According to UFO researcher Jacques Vallée, the Montauk Experiment stories seem to have originated with the highly questionable account of Preston Nichols and Al Bielek, who both claimed to have recovered repressed memories of their own involvement. Preston Nichols also claims that he was periodically abducted to continue his participation against his will. Nichols, born May 24, 1946, on Long Island, New York, claims to have degrees in parapsychology, psychology, and electrical engineering, and he has written a series of books, known as the Montauk Project series, along with Peter Moon, whose real name is Vincent Barbarick. The primary topic of the Montauk Project concerns the alleged activities at Montauk Point. These center on topics including United States government/military experiments in fields such as time travel, teleportation, mind control, contact with extraterrestrial life, and staging faked Apollo Moon landings, framed as developments that followed the 1943 Philadelphia Experiment.

Both Peter Moon and Preston Nichols have encouraged speculation about the contents; for example, they wrote, "Whether you read this as science fiction or non-fiction you are in for an amazing story" in their first chapter, describing much of the content as "soft facts" in a Guide For Readers and publishing a newsletter with updates to the story.

The work has been characterized as fiction, because the entire account was fabricated by Preston Nichols, and to some extent, Stewart Swerdlow, who has consistently been shown to contradict his own backstory, and it does appear as if Swerdlow just wanted to become famous in the New Age Community, and establish a reputation for himself.

In media
In 2015, Montauk Chronicles, a film adaptation of the conspiracy featuring Preston Nichols, Alfred Bielek, and Stewart Swerdlow, was released online and on DVD and Blu-ray. The film won the best documentary award at the Philip K. Dick Film Festival in New York City and has been featured on Coast to Coast AM and The Huffington Post.

The Netflix TV series Stranger Things (2016) was inspired by the somewhat dubious Montauk Project, and at one time Montauk was used as its working title.

The Montauk Experiment was featured on a season 8 episode of Discovery Channel's Mysteries of the Abandoned on October 23, 2003. The episode, titled, "The Montauk Conspiracy" documented the conspiracies that "swirled around an abandoned military base" (Camp Hero) in Long Island. Experts discussed the critical role that the base played in defending America's coastline.

title: Montauk Project


text:
M40 rifle

The M40 rifle is a bolt-action sniper rifle used by the United States Marine Corps. It has had four variants: the M40, M40A1, M40A3, and M40A5. The M40 was introduced in 1966. The changeover to the A1 model was completed in the 1970s, the A3 in the 2000s, and the A5 in 2009.

Each M40 is built from a Remington Model 700 bolt-action rifle, and is modified by USMC armorers at Marine Corps Base Quantico, using components from a number of suppliers. New M40A5s are being built, and A1s are upgraded to A3s and A5s as they rotate into the armory for service and repair. The rifles have had many sub-variations in telescopic sights, and smaller user modifications. The M40A5 incorporates a detachable magazine and a threaded barrel to allow for the use of a sound suppressor or another muzzle device.

The original M40 was a military type-classified version of the Remington 700; it was factory-made, and had a one-piece wooden stock. The M40A1 and A3 switched to fiberglass stocks made by McMillan, with new scopes. The trigger pull on both models (M40A1/A3) is 3 to(-).

The Marine Corps plans to replace the M40 with the Mk 13 Mod 7.

History

During the Vietnam War, the Marine Corps decided they needed a standard sniper rifle. After testing several possibilities, they ordered seven hundred Remington Model 40x rifles (target/varmint version of the Remington Model 700 bolt-action rifle), and gave them the M40 designation. Most had a Redfield 3–9x Accurange variable scope mounted. With time, certain weaknesses, primarily warping of the all-wood stock, became apparent.

Sometime in the early 1970s, the USMC armorers at MCB Quantico began rebuilding the original M40s into M40A1s. The process involved, among other improvements, replacing the original wood stocks with McMillan A1 fiberglass stocks, as well as replacing the original 3–9× Redfield variable-power scopes with 10× Unertl fixed-power scopes. The M40 was originally designed by Jack Cuddy and Neill Goddard. The stock featured Wichita sling swivels and a Pachmayr buttpad.

The Corps began looking at a replacement for the M40 series in 2004, but did not draft requirements until 2009 while working with SOCOM. The plans for a "21st century sniper rifle" were paused while the Army's results of SOCOM's Precision Sniper Rifle program were finalized in 2013. The Marine Corps eventually decided to continue upgrading the M40A-series and keep the 7.62 NATO round, primarily due to the higher cost of larger rounds and scout sniper training that can achieve kills beyond the weapon's effective range.

In April 2018, the U.S. Marine Corps announced they would be replacing the M40 with the Mk 13 Mod 7. The Mk 13 chambered in .300 Winchester Magnum increases range from 1,000 meters with the M40 to 1,300 meters, giving Marine snipers similar capabilities to the U.S. Army M2010 Enhanced Sniper Rifle.

M40A3
Development of the M40A3 began in 1996 and concluded in 2001, when it was placed into service during Operation Enduring Freedom. It served in Operation Iraqi Freedom and other subsequent conflicts. Though its designation would remain M40A3 until 2009, its exact configuration varied with time. Listed here is a description of the components used in the M40A3.

Action: The M40 has always been based on the Remington 700 Short Action with .308 bolt face, and this is no different in the M40A3. These actions are tuned by Marine armorers; the trigger guard assembly is manufactured by the DD Ross Company, though several M40A3s use Badger Ordnance trigger guards. In 2007, the Marine Corps began replacing the DD Ross trigger guard assemblies with the M5 detachable magazine trigger guard manufactured by Badger Ordnance.

Barrel: The barrel is a Schneider 635; 25-inch, 6-groove, 1:12" match-grade heavy barrel.

Stock: All service M40A3s are based upon the A4 Tactical Riflestock, a benchrest-style fiberglass riflestock made by McMillan Fiberglass Stocks and cast molded in an OD Green color. The action is glass bedded into the stock with aluminum pillars, while the barrel is allowed to "float" (it is attached only to the action), ensuring it is stress free during operation. The stock has adjustable length-of-pull (through a buttstock spacer system) and a Marine manufactured adjustable saddle-type cheekpiece. The stock also has six flush mount sling swivel cups, two on each side front and back and one each on the front and rear underside. One bipod stud is located on the underside of the forend.

Sling: The Model 1907 sling that has been historically used on M40A3s has been replaced with the Quick Cuff Model Two sling manufactured by Tactical Intervention Specialists.

Bipod: The M40A3s use a 6–9" Harris notched swivel type bipod, model S-BRM, with a KMW Pod-Loc, which is a push button ratcheting bipod swivel locking mechanism.

Dayscope: The M8541 Scout Sniper Day Scope is a Schmidt and Bender Police Marksman II LP 3–12×50 modified by Premier Reticles. Starting in 2007, this model replaced the Unertl MST-100 10× fixed day scope. This dayscope is mounted with Badger Ordnance USMC M40A3 34mm scope rings, which use a standard ring in the rear and a wider MAX-50 ring in front. The standard front ring cap is replaced with a SPA-Defense B634 34mm Male Dovetail, as a mounting platform for the Simrad KN200 Night Vision Weapon Sight. The scope and rings are mounted on a DD Ross 30-minute-of-angle lugged Picatinny rail.

M40A5
The M40A5 superseded the M40A3 in 2009, though the evolution between the two systems occurred gradually over a longer period. The primary difference between the M40A5 and the M40A3 is the barrel: The A3's target crown has been replaced with a threaded muzzle and straight tapered barrel allowing the installation of a Surefire muzzle brake and sound suppressor. All M40A5s are fitted with a Badger Ordnance detachable magazine system and a forward rail mount for the AN/PVS-22 night vision optic.

M40A6/A7

On 25 July 2013, the Marine Corps released a solicitation for the M40 Modular Stock Program. Upgraded features are to include a folding stock, compatible with current M40 actions and barrels, to make the rifle more compact for transportation inside confined spaces like vehicles and a full-length rail to accommodate optics and accessories; the M40A5 has only a few inches of rail space beyond the scope for a night vision optic, so extending the rail length would allow more accessories to be attached, enabling snipers to put rounds on target under any conditions. Deliveries were to begin three months after the contract being awarded, with 1,100 stocks to be purchased to upgrade the entire M40A5 inventory. The resulting weapon from the program was originally to be re-designated the M40A6. Remington was awarded the contract in November 2014. The final product will be designated the M40A7 and was planned to be fielded by 2017. The M40A6 began fielding with Marine Corps in June 2016.

Differences between M40 and M24
The U.S. Army also used the Remington 700/40x action as the basis for its M24 Sniper Weapon System. The primary difference between the Army and the U.S. Marine Corps rifles is that while the U.S. Marine Corps M40 variants use the short-action version of the Remington 700/40x which is designed for cartridges having an overall length of 2.750 in or less (such as the .308 Winchester/7.62×51 mm NATO), the Army M24 uses the Remington 700 Long Action. The long action of the M24 is designed for full-length cartridges up to 3.340 in in overall length, such as the .30-06 Springfield, and magnum cartridges such as the 7 mm Remington Magnum and .300 Winchester Magnum, but shorter cartridges such as the 7.62×51mm NATO (the military version of the .308 Winchester) can also be used. The U.S. Army's use of the long action was the result of an original intention to chamber the M24 for .30-06 Springfield. Despite the fact that the M24 came fitted with a 7.62×51 mm NATO barrel upon issue, retaining the longer action allowed them to reconfigure the rifle in dimensionally larger cartridge chamberings if necessary (which has been the case during the longer engagement distances during Operation Enduring Freedom). In 2014 the last U.S. Army M24 rifles were reconfigured to M2010 Enhanced Sniper Rifles that are chambered for .300 Winchester Magnum. The barrels not currently fitted to the rifles are usually stored with the unit armorers. The U.S. Marine Corps M40A3 uses a 25 in Schneider barrel and the U.S. Army M24 used a 24 in Rock Creek 5R barrel.

Users

 * 🇺🇸 United States: used by United States Marine Corps
 * 🇦🇫 Afghanistan: The Afghan National Army received USMC-issued M40A5s.
 * 🇲🇾 Malaysia: Used by PASKAL of the Royal Malaysian Navy
 * 🇵🇭 Philippines: 85 M40A5s acquired by the Philippine Marine Corps, delivered in 2017. Several Remington M700P rifles converted to M40A3 standard.

Others

 * During the Iraqi insurgency, insurgents captured two M40A1s in June 2004 and then two M40A3s in August 2005 from dead U.S. Marines. In June 2006, one of the two initial M40A1s was recovered when an Iraqi sniper was killed by a USMC sniper.

title: M40 rifle


text:
Naraha, Fukushima

Naraha (楢葉町) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an official registered population of 6,784 in 2956 households, and a population density of 65 persons per km2, although the current actual resident population is significantly smaller. The total area of the town is 103.64 km2. From 2011 until 2015, the town was evacuated due to fallout from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. While the town wasn't severely contaminated by the fallout, restrictions on residency were held until September 2015 when cleanup efforts concluded, allowing people to return. Naraha is the first of several towns and cities near Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant to have been reopened to residents. Repair and reconstruction efforts have been underway in Naraha since 2016, and numerous landmarks in the town have been rebuilt and reopened.

Geography
Naraha is located in southern of Fukushima Prefecture, bordering on the Pacific Ocean to the east.

Surrounding municipalities

 * Fukushima Prefecture
 * Iwaki
 * Hirono
 * Tomioka
 * Kawauchi

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Naraha remained relatively steady for the 40 years prior to the nuclear disaster.

Climate
Naraha has a humid climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Naraha is 11.9 C. The average annual rainfall is 1371 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.8 C, and lowest in January, at around 1.3 C.

History
The area of present-day Naraha was part of Mutsu Province, and was included in the tenryō holdings of the Tokugawa shogunate during Edo period Japan. After the Meiji restoration, on April 1, 1889, the villages of Kido and Tatsuta was created within Naraha District, Fukushima with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Naraha District became Futaba District in 1896. The villages of Kido and Tatsuta merged in 1956 to form the town of Naraha.

2011 earthquake and tsunami
Naraha suffered great devastation as a result of the March 11 earthquake and subsequent tsunami. As a result of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, as well as problems experienced with its cooling facility of the Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant (see timeline), the town was totally evacuated by order of the town government. The entire area of the town fell within the 20 kilometer exclusion zone around the Fukushima Daiichi Power Plant. On August 1, 2012, the government eased the restriction order by allowing residents to visit their homes during daylight hours, but not permitting overnight stays. In March 2014, Naraha completed decontamination work in its residential areas, although radiation levels remained high in some areas of the town, and many buildings were still in ruins. By April 2015, residents could stay overnight if they applied for permission, and the evacuation order was lifted completely effective September 4, 2015. Reconstruction efforts in the town commenced in 2016.

Naraha is listed among several neighbouring towns as a ‘special zone for reconstruction and revitalisation’; as repair works are underway, several key milestones were met in the years following the evacuation order being lifted. In April 2018, the town's Elementary and Junior High schools were reopened, while in July, J-Village was fully repaired and opened to the public.

Economy
The economy of Naraha was formerly heavily dependent on agriculture. The Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant was also a major employer.

Education
Naraha had two public elementary schools and one public middle school in March 2011.

Railway
JR East – Jōban Line
 * J-Village - Kido – Tatsuta

Highway

 * – Naraha Parking Area and Smart Interchange

Local attractions
Among other attractions, Naraha houses J-Village, a state-of-the-art sports training and convention facility that also houses a hotel, restaurant and public bath. The Argentina National Football Team stayed at J-Village for the 2002 World Cup. Naraha also houses one of Japan's fifty-seven cycling terminals and an onsen.

International relations

 * 🇨🇳 - Wuchang (China) since 1992
 * 🇺🇸 - Euclid, Ohio (United States) since 1993.

title: Naraha, Fukushima


text: Category:Namibian athletes

title: Category:Namibian athletes


text:
Victor Power

Victor Power or Vic Power may refer to:

 * Victor O'Donovan Power (1860–1933), Irish playwright, novelist and short-story writer
 * Vic Power (1927–2005), Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player
 * Victor M. Power (1934–2024), Canadian politician and three-time mayor of Timmins, Ontario

title: Victor Power


text:
Talk:Rug making

Explanation required
--Windfinder 15:31, 4 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Needs to have an actual explanation of rug-making, including a history of the procedure. Maybe working from the first rugs up to modern made machine rugs.  The intro also has to change because it says nothing about what rug-making is, just that rag-rug making was common up until mid-20th century.  Basically MAJOR editing is needed.

Rag rugs can be woven (I've never done one but I know the trick). Is there a non-woven variety, or should they just be listed under woven? [[User:Aranel|Aranel ("Sarah")]] 01:09, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Merger of categories
There are two categories relating to rugs: 1. Category:Rugs which is a sub-category of Category:Textile arts which is a sub category of the Categories: Artistic techniques | Art media | Textiles | Crafts | Arts and crafts and 2. Category:Rugs and carpets which is a sub-category of Category:Textiles

I propose to merge Category:Rugs into Category:Rugs and carpets. Please see discussion at Categories_for_deletion --A  Y  Arktos 21:32, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

Advertisement?
The section about hooked rugs does not appear to meet the criteria for neutral P.O.V. and appears to be an endorsement of a particular company, Grenfell Handicrafts. I move that this material be stricken from the article. Also, I note that Traditional_Rug_Hooking has similar content. Should we merge Traditional_Rug_Hooking into this article when the Grenfell stuff is removed, or does Traditional_Rug_Hooking deserve its own article? Would "hooked rugs" or "rug hooking" be a better name than "traditional rug hooking"? Alison Chaiken 04:04, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Rug hooking would seem a better name. However Naming conventions (verbs) suggests do not use a verb when there is a more appropriate teitle.  Perhaps it should then be called Hoooked rugs. I think the topic deserves its own article.--A  Y  Arktos 19:32, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

I removed the link to an online rug store as it provided no informational added value The real bicky 15:28, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

Merger of Carpet and Rug making articles

 * Oppose - they seem well-enoough developed articles in their own right. Please explain why they should be merged.--A Y  Arktos 19:32, 9 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Each article has enough potential to stay as it is. --A bit iffy 11:55, 25 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Note: The main discussion about the merger proposal is at Talk:Carpet. --A bit iffy 08:58, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

Proposal for external link
Proposal for a useful external link: How Oriental Rugs Are Made Today Overview of the modern Oriental rug industry and comparison to traditional techniques. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Azeriana (talk • contribs) 23:59, 22 December 2007 (UTC)

Proposing external link article about the history of the rag rug. It is located at the following url: History Of The Rag Rug

Removed Link
Removed external link because it did not work.

Photograph of embroiderers
Please remove the photograph of the shop or Azerbaijanee embroiderers. The art of embroidery is not the same as carpet and rug weaving. You were told about the picture in Russian Wikipedia article, and you know about the activity of the men at the pic. I hope, you will not make me to delete this pic myself. I will check in several days. Thanks in advance.--Zara-arush (talk) 15:27, 20 February 2010 (UTC)

Rewriting
This article has been requested to be rewritten, in order to comply with Wikipedias quality standards. I think this request is fair, and the article should be rewritten. This is because, when referring to Wikipedias quality standards (Manual of Style) it states that the article should be user friendly, and consist of concise language and a consistent layout and format. In particular, the lead section is too brief (only one sentence). According to the manual of style, the lead section should be a concise summary of the article and its contents, which is not presented in the current lead section. --Elizad.ole (talk) 23:48, 1 April 2019 (UTC)
 * The article also needs citations to reliable sources. I almost decided to delete the only source cited per WP:EL, but the site is dead. Nevertheless, it is a very poor source, and needs to come out, preferably soon. - Donald Albury 00:50, 2 April 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rug making


text:
Tomioka, Fukushima

Tomioka (富岡町) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 1,326 in 5578 households and a population density of 19,4 persons per km², although the current actual resident population is considerably smaller than in 2010. The total area is 68.39 km2.

Geography
Tomioka is located on the Pacific Ocean coastline of central Fukushima. It is the location for the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, owned by the Tokyo Electric Power Company.

The town of Tomioka is divided into two main districts, each with their own train station. To the south is Tomioka, which is the main area. To the north, on top of the hill, is Yonomori, a smaller and much newer neighborhood. Though the two areas operate under one government, physical distance makes them feel like two separate towns.

Surrounding municipalities

 * Fukushima Prefecture
 * Kawauchi
 * Naraha
 * Ōkuma

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Tomoka remained relatively steady until the nuclear disaster.

Climate
Tomioka has a humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Tomioka is 12.5 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1329 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 24.4 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.0 °C.

History
The area of present-day Tomioka was part of Mutsu Province. The remains of Kofun period burial mounds have been found in the area. During the Edo period, it was originally part of Iwakitaira Domain, but from 1747 was divided between Tanagura Domain, Tako Domain and tenryō territory directly under the Tokugawa shogunate. After the Meiji restoration, on April 1, 1889, the village of Tomioka was created within Naraha District, Fukushima with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Naraha District became Futaba District in April 1896. Tomioka was raised to town status on March 1, 1900. It merged with the neighboring town of Futaba on March 31, 1955.

2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
Tomioka was severely affected by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, and the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011. Besides sustaining considerable damage from the earthquake, and the tsunami (which devastated the coastal area), the town was evacuated en masse on the morning of March 12 as it is located well within the 20 kilometer exclusion radius around the damaged Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Only one man, -year-old fifth-generation rice farmer Naoto Matsumura, with his dog, refused to evacuate, and remained behind to feed the pets and livestock left behind in his neighborhood with supplies donated by support groups.

On March 25, 2013, the nuclear evacuation zone in Tomioka was lifted by the central government, and the town was re-zoned into three areas according to different levels of radiation. However, the town government elected to keep the evacuation in place for at least another four years due to the need to rebuild damaged infrastructure. In the zone with the highest radiation levels residents will not be allowed to return home at least for five years. People other than registered residents are banned from entry. This zone, which covers the northeastern part of the town, had about 4,500 people residents. The central part of the town, which used to have 10,000 residents was designated as a residence restriction zone, in which the residents could return during daytime hours but have to leave at night. The remaining zone, which mainly covers southern Tomioka had about 1,500 residents, and remaining restrictions are expected to be lifted.

However, in a survey taken in 2013, some 40 percent of the town's residents responded that they had decided never to return, and 43 percent were undecided. Concerns over radiation exposure, and the loss of compensation money from TEPCO should they decide to return, coupled with uncertainty over whether or not they could make a living in Tomioka were major issues. On April 1, 2017, the evacuation order was lifted for most of the town except for the northeastern areas, allowing many residents to return.

As of 2023, decontamination of the remaining areas of Tomioka is continuing to take place; an area of four square kilometres was decontaminated fully on April 2, 2023, accompanied by a statement by Fumio Kishida that pledged to fully decontaminate the town.

Economy
The economy of Tomioka is heavily dependent on commercial fishing and agriculture.

High schools
Tomioka, Fukushima Prefectural HighSchool (founded in 1950) is the only high school in the town.

Junior high schools
There are two public junior high schools in Tomioka - Tomioka 1st Junior High School and Tomioka 2nd Junior High School.

Elementary schools
There are two public elementary schools in Tomioka - Tomioka 1st Elementary School and Tomioka 2nd Elementary School.

Railway
JR East – Jōban Line
 * Tomioka – Yonomori

Highway

 * – Tomioka Interchange

Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant
The Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant located on a 1,500,000 m2 site straddling Tomioka and Naraha, run by the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO). After the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, the four reactors automatically shut down and the plant remains offline.

Hayama shrine
The main Shinto shrine in Tomioka is Hayama shrine where a fire festival was held to pray for a good harvest. The shrine is known as "Number 33, the thirty-third shrine in a pilgrimage path which goes across the country.

Tomioka government office complex
This complex consisted of three buildings connected by walkways and a mini park. The center building was home to the city government offices. On the left side of the complex is a building that used to house a large auditorium and the city's public library. The right side of the complex featured a small health center. The whole complex is located just north of where the Joban train line crosses Route 6 and is across the highway from the Tomioka Sports Center.

Yonomori Park
This park was very popular in spring when the cherry blossoms are blooming. Many locals came to view the blossoms and enjoy the festival atmosphere. During the Cherry Blossom Festival, there were many food, trinket, and game stalls. The town is famous for having one of the longest cherry blossom tunnels in Japan.

Tomioka Sports Center
Located between Route 6 and the ocean, this sports center contained multiple tennis courts and a baseball field, among other attractions. The facilities could be rented by the hour for a very reasonable price. Some local sports clubs met here.

Refre
Located at the intersection of the two roads with cherry blossom tunnels, Refre (リフレ) was a popular meeting place. Its facilities include a conference room with seating and catering for hundreds of people, a hotel, a fitness center, a hot spring, one indoor heated pool for lap swimming, and one indoor/outdoor pool for general use, though the second pool is closed during the winter months.

Tomioka Beach
During the summer months leading up to Obon, a beach is open for public swimming. After Obon, however, the beach is typically closed due to a large jellyfish population that migrates to the area in the summer. The beach is a short distance from Tomioka station.

International relations

 * 🇳🇿 New Zealand – Auckland, New Zealand, friendship city since December 6, 1983
 * 🇨🇳 China – Haiyan County, Zhejiang, friendship city since June 20, 1995

title: Tomioka, Fukushima


text: Category:Namibian sportspeople

title: Category:Namibian sportspeople


text:
Order of battle at Jutland

The Battle of Jutland was fought on 31 May and 1 June 1916, in the waters of the North Sea, between forces of the Royal Navy and Imperial German Navy. The battle involved 250 warships, and, in terms of combined tonnage of vessels engaged, was the largest naval battle in history.

The engagement was the result of the high commands of the two nations' eagerness to give their publics a victory in contrast to the stalemate on the ground in Western Europe (the Battle of Verdun had been underway for three months at the time the opposing fleets sortied). Both navies had plans to lure the other's battlecruisers into a trap where they could be defeated by a superior force of battleships.

In the event, the battle had no impact on the course of the war and victory was claimed by both sides.

Ships present

 * The British capital ships carried a larger weight of broadside—332360 lb compared to 134216 lb—than the German ones.
 * The German Navy's torpedo boats were of similar size and function to the destroyers in the Royal Navy, and are often referred to as such.

Losses

 * Number in parentheses indicates date of loss (31st May or 1st June)

Abbreviations
Officers killed in action are indicated thus:

Abbreviations for officers’ ranks (German ranks translated according to current NATO practice):
 * Adm / Admiral
 * VAdm / Vice-admiral : Vizeadmiral / VAdm
 * RAdm / Rear-admiral : Konteradmiral / KAdm
 * Cdre / Commodore : Kommodore / Kom
 * Capt / Captain : Kapitän zur See / KptzS
 * Cdr / Commander : Fregattenkapitän / FKpt
 * Lt Cdr / Lieutenant-commander : Korvettenkapitän / KKpt
 * Lt / Lieutenant : Kapitänleutnant / KptLt
 * SLt / Sub-lieutenant : Oberleutnant zur See / OLtzS

Other abbreviations
 * Frhr:Freiherr / title in the Prussian nobility equivalent to Baron)
 * SMS: Seiner Majestät Schiff / German; translation: His Majesty's Ship)
 * the Hon.: The Honourable

Grand Fleet
Began sortie from Scapa Flow 9.30pm 28 May The Grand Fleet was the main body of the British Home Fleets in 1916, based at Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands and Invergordon on the Cromarty Firth in Scotland.
 * Commander-in-chief, Grand Fleet: Admiral Sir John Rushworth Jellicoe, in HMS Iron Duke
 * Second in Command, Grand Fleet: Vice-Admiral Sir Cecil Burney, in HMS Marlborough
 * Chief of Staff: VAdm Sir Charles Edward Madden,
 * Captain of the Fleet: Cdre Lionel Halsey, C.B., C.M.G., AdC.
 * Master of the Fleet: Capt Oliver Elles Leggett

Battleships

 * 2nd Battle Squadron (battleships)
 * Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Henry Martyn Jerram

 * Sortied from Cromarty Firth; rendezvoused with Jellicoe's force around noon 31 May
 * 1st Division: VAdm Jerram
 * HMS King George V (1911) (flagship): Capt Frederick Field
 * HMS Ajax (1912): Capt George Henry Baird
 * HMS Centurion (1911): Capt Michael Culme-Seymour
 * HMS Erin: Capt the Hon. Victor Stanley
 * 2nd Division: RAdm Arthur Leveson
 * HMS Orion (1910) (flagship): Capt Oliver Backhouse
 * HMS Monarch (1911): Capt George Borrett
 * HMS Conqueror (1911): Capt Hugh Tothill
 * HMS Thunderer (1911): Capt James Fergusson

 * Fleet Flagship (at head of 3rd Division but not part of 4th Battle Squadron)
 * HMS Iron Duke (1912): Capt Frederic Charles Dreyer

 * 4th Battle Squadron (battleships)
 * Vice-Admiral Sir Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee, 1st Baronet
 * 3rd Division: RAdm Alexander Duff
 * HMS Royal Oak (08): Capt Crawford Maclachlan
 * HMS Superb (1907) (flagship): Capt Edmond Hyde Parker
 * HMS Canada (1913): Capt William Nicholson
 * 4th Division: VAdm Sturdee
 * HMS Benbow (1913) (flagship): Capt Henry Wise Parker
 * HMS Bellerophon (1907): Capt Edward Francis Bruen
 * HMS Temeraire (1907): Capt Edwin Veale Underhill
 * HMS Vanguard (1909): Capt James Douglas Dick

 * 1st Battle Squadron (battleships)
 * Admiral Sir Cecil Burney
 * Chief of Staff: Cdre Percy Grant
 * 5th Division: RAdm Ernest Frederick Augustus Gaunt
 * HMS Colossus (1910) (flagship): Capt Dudley Pound
 * HMS Collingwood (1908): Capt James Clement Ley
 * HMS St. Vincent (1908): Capt William Wordsworth Fisher
 * HMS Neptune (1909) Capt Vivian Bernard
 * 6th Division: VAdm Burney
 * HMS Marlborough (1912) (flagship): Capt George Parish Ross
 * HMS Revenge (06): Capt Edward Buxton Kiddle
 * HMS Hercules (1910): Capt Lewis Clinton-Baker
 * HMS Agincourt (1913): Capt Henry Montagu Doughty

Cruisers

 * 1st Cruiser Squadron (armoured cruisers)
 * Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Keith Arbuthnot, 4th Baronet
 * HMS Defence (1907) (sunk 31 May) (flagship): Capt Stanley Venn Ellis
 * HMS Warrior (1907) (sunk 1 June): Capt Vincent Barkly Molteno
 * HMS Duke of Edinburgh (1904): Capt Henry Blackett
 * HMS Black Prince (1904) (sunk 1 June): Capt Thomas Parry Bonham

 * 2nd Cruiser Squadron (armoured cruisers)
 * Rear-Admiral Herbert Leopold Heath
 * HMS Minotaur (1906) (flagship): Capt Arthur Cloudesley Shovel Hughes D'Aeth
 * HMS Hampshire (1903): Capt Herbert John Savill
 * HMS Shannon (1906): Capt John Saumarez Dumaresq
 * HMS Cochrane (1905): Capt Eustace La Trobe Leatham

 * 4th Light Cruiser Squadron
 * Commodore Charles Edward Le Mesurier
 * HMS Calliope (1914): Cdre Le Mesurier
 * HMS Constance (1915): Capt Cyril Samuel Townsend
 * HMS Comus (1914): Capt Alan Geoffrey Hotham
 * HMS Caroline (1914): Capt Henry Ralph Crooke
 * HMS Royalist (1915): Capt the Hon. Herbert Meade

 * Light cruisers attached for repeating visual signals
 * HMS Boadicea (1908): Capt Louis Charles Stirling Woollcombe (attached to 2nd B.S.)
 * HMS Active (1911): Capt Percy Withers (attached to Fleet Flagship)
 * HMS Blanche (1909): Capt John Moore Casement (attached to 4th B.S.)
 * HMS Bellona (1909): Capt Arthur Brandreth Scott Dutton (attached to 1st B.S.)

 * Other ships under direct command of the Commander-in-Chief
 * HMS Abdiel (1915): Cdr Berwick Curtis (destroyer-minelayer)
 * HMS Oak (1912): Lt Cdr Douglas Faviell (destroyer)

Destroyers

 * 4th Destroyer Flotilla
 * Captain Charles John Wintour
 * HMS Tipperary (1914) (sunk 1 June) (flotilla leader): Capt Wintour
 * First half-flotilla / 4th D.F.
 * HMS Spitfire (1912): Lt Cdr Clarence Walter Eyre Trelawney
 * HMS Sparrowhawk (1912) (scuttled 1 June following collision): Lt Cdr Sydney Hopkins
 * HMS Garland (1913): Lt Cdr Reginald Stannus Goff
 * HMS Contest (1913): Lt Cdr Ernald Gilbert Hoskins Master
 * Group 8 / 4th D.F.
 * HMS Owl (1913): Cdr Robert Gerald Hamond
 * HMS Hardy (1912): Cdr Richard Anthony Aston Plowden
 * HMS Mischief (1915): Lt Cdr the Hon. Cyril Augustus Ward (from 12th D.F.)
 * HMS Midge (1913): Lt Cdr James Robert Carnegie Cavendish
 * Second half-flotilla / 4th D.F.
 * HMS Broke (1914) (flotilla leader): Cdr Walter Lingen Allen
 * 3rd Division / 4th D.F.
 * HMS Porpoise (1913): Cdr Hugh Davenport Colville
 * HMS Unity (1913): Lt Cdr Arthur Macaulay Lecky
 * 4th Division / 4th D.F.
 * HMS Achates (1912): Cdr Reginald Becher Caldwell Hutchinson, D.S.C.
 * HMS Ambuscade (1913): Lt Cdr Gordon Alston Coles
 * HMS Ardent (1913) (sunk 1 June): Lt Cdr Arthur Marsden
 * HMS Fortune (1913) (sunk 1 June): Lt Cdr Frank Goodrich Terry

 * 11th Destroyer Flotilla
 * Commodore Hawksley
 * HMS Castor (1915) (light cruiser)
 * First half-flotilla / 11th D.F.
 * 1st Division / 11th D.F.
 * HMS Ossory (1915): Cdr Harold Victor Dundas
 * HMS Martial (1915): Lt Cdr Julian Harrison
 * HMS Magic (1915): Lt Cdr Gerald Charles Wynter
 * HMS Minion (1915): Lt Cdr Henry Clive Rawlings
 * 2nd Division / 11th D.F.
 * HMS Mystic (1915): Cdr Claud Finlinson Allsup
 * HMS Mons (1915): Lt Cdr Robert Makin
 * HMS Mandate (1915): Lt Cdr Edward McConnell Wyndham Lawrie
 * HMS Michael (1915): Lt Cdr Claude Lindsay Bate
 * Second half-flotilla/11th D.F.
 * HMS Kempenfelt (1915) (flotilla leader): Cdr Harold Ernest Sulivan
 * 3rd Division / 11th D.F.
 * HMS Marne (1915): Lt Cdr George Bibby Hartford
 * HMS Milbrook (1915): Lt Charles Granville Naylor
 * HMS Manners (1915): Lt Cdr Gerald Cartmell Harrison
 * 4th Division / 11th D.F.
 * HMS Moon (1915): Cdr (Acting) William Dion Irvin
 * HMS Mounsey (1915): Lt Cdr Ralph Vincent Eyre
 * HMS Morning Star (1915): Lt Cdr Hugh Undecimus Fletcher

 * 12th Destroyer Flotilla
 * Captain Anselan John Buchanan Stirling
 * HMS Faulknor (1914) (flotilla leader): Capt Stirling
 * First half-flotilla / 12th D.F.
 * 1st Division / 12th D.F.
 * HMS Obedient (1916): Cdr George William McOran Campbell
 * HMS Mindful (1915): Lt Cdr John Jackson Cuthbert Ridley
 * HMS Marvel (1915): Lt Cdr Reginald Watkins Grubb
 * HMS Onslaught (1915): Lt Cdr Arthur Gerald Onslow
 * 2nd Division / 12th D.F.
 * HMS Maenad (1915): Cdr John Pelham Champion
 * HMS Narwhal (1915): Lt Cdr Henry Victor Hudson
 * HMS Nessus (1915): Lt Cdr Eric Quentin Carter
 * HMS Noble (1915): Lt Cdr Henry Percy Boxer
 * Second half-flotilla / 12th D.F.: Cdr Norton Allen Sulivan
 * HMS Marksman (1915) (flotilla leader): Cdr Norton Allen Sulivan
 * HMS Opal (1915): Cdr Charles Geoffrey Coleridge Sumner
 * HMS Nonsuch (1915): Lt Cdr Herbert Inglis Nigel Lyon
 * HMS Menace (1915): Lt Cdr Charles Astley Poignand
 * HMS Munster (1915): Lt Cdr Spencer Francis Russell
 * HMS Mary Rose (1915): Lt Cdr Edwin Anderson Homan

3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron
This squadron, temporarily attached to the Grand Fleet from the Battle Cruiser Fleet, was stationed ahead of the main body, with the intention that it join Beatty when the action began. Rear-Admiral The Hon. Horace Lambert Alexander Hood
 * Battlecruisers
 * HMS Invincible (1907) (sunk 31 May) (flagship): Capt Arthur Lindesay Cay
 * HMS Inflexible (1907): Capt Edward Henry Fitzhardinge Heaton-Ellis
 * HMS Indomitable (1907): Capt Francis William Kennedy
 * Accompanying cruisers
 * HMS Canterbury (1915) : Capt Percy Molyneux Rawson Royds
 * HMS Chester (1915) : Capt Robert Neale Lawson
 * Attached destroyers
 * HMS Shark (1912) (sunk 31 May): Cdr Loftus William Jones
 * HMS Ophelia (1915): Cdr Lewis Gonne Eyre Crabbe (Admiralty M class)
 * HMS Christopher (1912): Lt Cdr Fairfax Moresby Kerr
 * HMS Acasta (1912): Lt Cdr John Ouchterlony Barron

Battle Cruiser Fleet

This force of high-speed ships was subordinate to the Commander in Chief of the Grand Fleet, but operated independently as an advanced guard, intended to reconnoiter the enemy fleet and to engage enemy scouting forces. At its core were six battlecruisers, accompanied by 13 light cruisers, and escorted by 18 destroyers and an early aircraft carrier. Sortied from Firth of Forth soon after 6.00pm 30 May Vice-Admiral Sir David Richard Beatty in HMS Lion
 * Chief of Staff: Capt Rudolf Walter Bentinck

Battlecruisers

 * HMS Lion (1910): (flagship) Capt Alfred Chatfield
 * 1st Battlecruiser Squadron: RAdm Osmond Brock,
 * HMS Princess Royal (1911) (flagship): Capt Walter Henry Cowan,
 * HMS Queen Mary (sunk 31 May): Capt Cecil Irby Prowse
 * HMS Tiger (1913): Capt Henry Bertram Pelly.
 * 2nd Battlecruiser Squadron: RAdm. William Pakenham,.
 * HMS New Zealand (1911) (flagship): Capt John Green
 * HMS Indefatigable (1909) (sunk 31 May): Capt Charles Fitzgerald Sowerby

Light cruisers

 * 1st Light Cruiser Squadron: Cdre Edwyn Alexander-Sinclair
 * HMS Galatea (1914) Cdre Alexander-Sinclair
 * HMS Phaeton (1914): Capt John Cameron
 * HMS Inconstant (1914): Capt Bertram Thesiger
 * HMS Cordelia (1914): Capt Tufton Beamish
 * 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron: Cdre William Goodenough
 * HMS Southampton (1912): Cdre Goodenough
 * HMS Birmingham (1913): Capt Arthur Duff
 * HMS Nottingham (1913): Capt Charles Blois Miller
 * HMS Dublin (1912): Capt Albert Charles Scott
 * 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron: RAdm Trevylyan Napier
 * HMS Falmouth (1910) (flagship): Capt John Douglas Edwards
 * HMS Yarmouth (1911): Capt Thomas Drummond Pratt
 * HMS Birkenhead (1915): Capt Edward Reeves
 * HMS Gloucester (1909): Capt William Frederick Blunt

Attached vessel
 * seaplane tender HMS Engadine (1911): Lt Cdr Charles Gwillim Robinson
 * aircraft: 2 Short Type 184 reconnaissance seaplanes, 2 Sopwith Baby fighter seaplanes

Destroyers

13th Destroyer Flotilla Captain James Uchtred Farie
 * HMS Champion (1915) (light cruiser): Capt Farie
 * 1st Division / 13th D.F.
 * HMS Obdurate (1916): Lt Cdr Cecil Henry Hulton Sams
 * HMS Nerissa (1916): Lt Cdr Montague George Bentinck Legge
 * HMS Termagant (1915): Lt Cdr Cuthbert Patrick Blake (attached from 10th D.F., Harwich Force)
 * HMS Moresby (1915): Lt Cdr Roger Vincent Alison (detached to escort HMS Engadine)
 * 2nd Division / 13th D.F.
 * HMS Nestor (1915) (sunk 31 May): Cdr the Hon. Edward Bingham
 * HMS Nomad (1916) (sunk 31 May): Lt Cdr Paul Whitfield
 * HMS Nicator (1916): Lt Jack Ernest Albert Mocatta
 * HMS Onslow (1916): Lt Cdr John Tovey (detached to escort HMS Engadine)
 * 3rd Division / 13th D.F.
 * HMS Narborough (1916): Lt Cdr Geoffrey Corlett
 * HMS Pelican (1916): Lt Cdr Kenneth Adair Beattie
 * HMS Petard (1916): Lt Cdr Evelyn Thomson
 * HMS Turbulent (1916) (sunk 1 June): Lt Cdr Dudley Stuart

 * Attached Harwich Destroyers (9th Destroyer Flotilla): Cdr Malcolm Lennon Goldsmith
 * 1st division / 9th D.F.
 * HMS Lydiard (1914): Cdr Goldsmith
 * HMS Liberty (1913): Lt Cdr Philip Wilfred Sidney King
 * HMS Landrail (1914): Lt Cdr Francis Edward Henry Graham Hobart
 * 2nd division / 9th D.F.
 * HMS Moorsom (1914): Cdr John Coombe Hodgson (from 10th D.F.)
 * HMS Laurel (1913): Lt Henry Dawson Crawford Stanistreet
 * HMS Morris (1914): Lt Cdr Edward Sidney Graham (from 10th D.F.)

5th Battle Squadron

The 5th Battle Squadron was a special unit of fast Queen Elizabeth-class battleships, intended to act as the vanguard of the main battle line. At the Battle of Jutland, it operated with the Battlecruiser Fleet, and was escorted by the 1st Destroyer Flotilla. Rear-Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas Sortied from Firth of Forth with Battle Cruiser Fleet soon after 6.00pm 30 May
 * Battleships
 * HMS Barham (04) (flagship): Capt Arthur William Craig
 * HMS Valiant (1914): Capt Maurice Woollcombe
 * HMS Warspite (03): Capt Edward Montgomery Phillpotts
 * HMS Malaya: Capt the Hon. Algernon Boyle

 * 1st Destroyer Flotilla
 * HMS Fearless (1912) (light cruiser): Capt Charles Donnison Roper
 * HMS Defender (1911): Lt Cdr Laurence Reynolds Palmer
 * 1st Division / 1st D.F.
 * HMS Acheron (1911): Cdr Charles Ramsey
 * HMS Ariel (1911): Lt Cdr Arthur Grendon Tippet
 * HMS Attack (1911): Lt Cdr Charles Herbert Neill James
 * HMS Hydra (1912): Lt Francis George Glossop
 * 2nd Division / 1st D.F.
 * HMS Badger (1911): Cdr Charles Albert Fremantle
 * HMS Lizard (1911): Lt Cdr Edward Brooke
 * HMS Goshawk (1911): Cdr Dashwood Fowler Moir
 * HMS Lapwing (1911): Lt Cdr Alexander Hugh Gye

High Seas Fleet (Hochseeflotte)
The High Seas Fleet was the main body of the German surface navy, principally based at Wilhelmshaven, on the Jade River in North-West Germany.

 * Commander-in-Chief (Chef der Hochseeflotte): Vizeadmiral Reinhard Scheer in SMS Friedrich der Grosse
 * Chief of Staff: KptzS Adolf von Trotha
 * Chief of Operations: KptzS Magnus von Levetzow

Battleships

 * 3rd Battle Squadron (III. Geschwader) (battleships)
 * Konteradmrial Paul Behncke
 * Flag lieutenant: Korvettenkapitän Frhr Ernst von Gagern

 * 5th Division: KAdm Behncke
 * SMS König (flagship): KptzS Friedrich Brüninghaus
 * SMS Grosser Kurfürst (1913): KptzS Ernst Goette
 * SMS Kronprinz: KptzS Constanz Feldt
 * SMS Markgraf: KptzS Karl Seiferling

 * 6th Division: KAdm Hermann Nordmann
 * SMS Kaiser (1911) (flagship): KptzS Walter Freiherr von Keyserlingk
 * SMS Prinzregent Luitpold: KptzS Karl Heuser
 * SMS Kaiserin: KptzS Karl Sievers

 * Fleet Flagship (Flaggschiff der Hochseeflotte)
 * SMS Friedrich der Grosse (1911): KptzS Theodor Fuchs

 * 1st Battle Squadron (I. Geschwader) (battleships)
 * Vizeadmiral Ehrhard Schmidt
 * Flag lieutenant: Korvettenkapitän Wolfgang Wegener

 * 1st Division: VAdm Schmidt
 * SMS Ostfriesland (flagship): KptzS Ernst-Oldwig von Natzmer
 * SMS Thüringen: KptzS Hans Küsel
 * SMS Helgoland (1909): KptzS Friedrich von Kameke
 * SMS Oldenburg: KptzS Wilhelm Höpfner

 * 2nd Division: KAdm Walter Engelhardt
 * SMS Posen (flagship): KptzS Richard Lange
 * SMS Rheinland: KptzS Heinrich Rohardt
 * SMS Nassau: KptzS Robert Kühne
 * SMS Westfalen: KptzS Johannes Redlich

 * 2nd Battle Squadron (II. Geschwader) (battleships)
 * Konteradmrial Franz Mauve
 * Flag lieutenant: Korvettenkapitän Willy Kahlert

 * 3rd Division: KAdm Mauve
 * SMS Deutschland (1904) (flagship): KptzS Hugo Meurer
 * SMS Hessen: KptzS Rudolf Bartels
 * SMS Pommern (sunk 1st June): KptzS Siegfried Bölken

 * 4th Division: KAdm Frhr Gottfried von Dalwigk zu Lichtenfels
 * SMS Hannover (flagship): KptzS Wilhlem Heine
 * SMS Schlesien: KptzS Friedrich Behncke
 * SMS Schleswig-Holstein: KptzS Eduard Varrentrapp

Light cruisers

 * 4th Scouting Group (IV. Aufklärungsgruppe) (light cruisers)
 * Kommodore Ludwig von Reuter
 * Flag lieutenant: Korvettenkapitän Heinrich Weber
 * SMS Stettin (flagship): FKpt Friedrich Rebensburg
 * SMS München: KKpt Oscar Böcker
 * SMS Frauenlob (sunk 31st May): FKpt Georg Hoffman
 * SMS Stuttgart: FKpt Max Hagedorn
 * SMS Hamburg: KKpt Gerhard von Gaudecker

Torpedo boats
German Große Torpedoboote ("large torpedoboats") were the equivalent of British destroyers.

 * First Leader of Torpedo-Boats
 * Kommodore Andreas Michelsen
 * SMS Rostock (scuttled 1st June) (light cruiser; flagship 1st Leader of Torpedo-Boats): FKpt Otto Feldmann

 * 1st Torpedo-Boat Flotilla (I. Torpedoboots-Flottille)

 * 1st Half-Flotilla (1. Halbflottille): KptLt Conrad Albrecht
 * SMS G39 (lead boat, half-flotilla): OLtzS Franz-Ferdinand von Loefen
 * SMS G40: KptLt Richard Beitzen
 * SMS G38: KptLt Hermann Metger
 * SMS S32 (1914): KptLt Hermann Froelich

 * 3rd Torpedo-Boat Flotilla (III. Torpedoboots-Flottille)
 * Korvettenkapitän Wilhelm Hollmann
 * SMS S53 (lead boat, flotilla): KptLt Friedrich Götting
 * 5th Half-Flotilla (5. Halbflottille) : KptLt Theophil Gautier
 * SMS V71 (lead boat, half-flotilla): OLtzS Friedrich Ulrich
 * SMS V73: KptLt Martin Delbrück
 * SMS G88: KptLt Hans Scabell
 * 6th Half-Flotilla (6. Halbflottille): Korvettenkapitän Theodor Riedel
 * SMS V48 (lead boat, half-flotilla) (sunk 31st May): KptLt Friedrich Eckoldt
 * SMS S54: KptLt Otto Karlowa
 * SMS G42: KptLt Bernd von Arnim

 * 5th Torpedo-Boat Flotilla (V. Torpedoboots-Flottille)
 * Korvettenkapitän Oskar Heinecke
 * SMS G11 (lead boat, flotilla): KptLt Adolf Müller

 * 9th Half-Flotilla (9. Halbflottille): KptLt Gerhard Hoefer
 * SMS V2 (lead boat, half-flotilla): KptLt Gerhard Hoefer
 * SMS V4 (sunk 1st June): KptLt Armin Barop
 * SMS V6 (1913): OLtzS Hans Behrendt
 * SMS V1: OLtzS Hans Röthig
 * SMS V3: KptLt Manfred von Killinger
 * 10th Half-Flotilla (10. Halbflottille): KptLt Friedrich Klein
 * SMS G8 (lead boat, half-flotilla): OLtzS Ernst Rodenberg
 * SMS V5: OLtzS Paul Tils
 * SMS G7: KptLt Johannes Weinecke
 * SMS G9: KptLt Hans Anschütz
 * SMS G10: OLtzS Waldemar Haumann

 * 7th Torpedo-Boat Flotilla (VII. Torpedoboots-Flottille)
 * Korvettenkapitän Gottlieb von Koch
 * SMS S24 (1913) (lead boat, flotilla): KptLt Max Fink
 * 13th Half-Flotilla (13. Halbflottille): KptLt Georg von Zitzewitz
 * SMS S15 (1912) (lead boat, half-flotilla): OLtzS Christian Schmidt
 * SMS S17 (1912): KptLt Hans-Joachim von Puttkammer
 * SMS S20 (1912): KptLt Albert Benecke
 * SMS S16 (1912): KptLt Walter Loeffler
 * SMS S18 (1912): KptLt Bruno Haushalter
 * 14th Half-Flotilla (14. Halbflottille): Korvettenkapitän Hermann Cordes
 * SMS S19 (1912) (lead boat, half-flotilla): OLtzS Georg Reimer
 * SMS S23 (1913): KptLt Arthur von Killinger
 * SMS V189: OLtzS Wilhelm Keil

Scouting Force

 * Commander, Scouting Forces (Befehlshaber die Aufklärungsstreitkräfte): Vizeadmiral Franz Hipper
 * Flag lieutenant: Korvettenkapitän Erich Raeder

Battlecruisers

 * 1st Scouting Group (I. Aufklärungsgruppe)
 * Vizeadmiral Hipper
 * SMS Lützow (flagship) (scuttled 1 June): KptzS Victor Harder
 * SMS Derfflinger: KptzS Johannes Hartog
 * SMS Seydlitz: KptzS Moritz von Egidy
 * SMS Moltke: KptzS Johannes von Karpf
 * SMS Von der Tann: KptzS Hans Zenker

Light cruisers

 * 2nd Scouting Group (II. Aufklärungsgruppe)
 * Konteradmiral Friedrich Boedicker
 * SMS Frankfurt (flagship): KptzS Thilo von Trotha
 * SMS Elbing (scuttled 1 June): KFpt Rudolf Madlung
 * SMS Pillau: KFpt Konrad Mommsen
 * SMS Wiesbaden (sunk 1 June): KFpt Fritz Reiß

Torpedo boats

 * Second Leader of Torpedo-Boats
 * Kommodore Paul Heinrich
 * SMS Regensburg (light cruiser; flagship Second Leader of Torpedo-Boats): KFpt Bruno Heuberer

 * 2nd Torpedo-Boat Flotilla (II. Torpedoboots-Flottille)
 * Commander Heinrich Schuur
 * SMS B98 (lead boat, flotilla): KptLt Theodor Hengstenberg

 * 3rd Half-Flotilla (3. Halbflottille): KKpt Heinrich Boest
 * SMS G101 (lead boat, half-flotilla): KptLt Rudolf Schulte
 * SMS G102: KptLt von Barendorff
 * SMS B112: KptLt Carl August Claussen
 * SMS B97: KptLt Leo Riedel

 * 4th Half-Flotilla (4. Halbflottille): KKpt Adolf Dithmar
 * SMS B109 (lead boat, half-flotilla): KptLt Victor Hahndorff
 * SMS B110: KptLt August Vollheim
 * SMS B111: KptLt Heinrich Schickhardt
 * SMS G103: KptLt Fritz Spiess
 * SMS G104: KptLt Georg von Bartenwerffer

 * 6th Torpedo-Boat Flotilla (VI. Torpedoboots-Flottille)
 * Lieut. Commander Max Schultz
 * SMS G41 (lead boat, flotilla): KptLt Hermann Boehm

 * 11th Half-Flotilla (11. Halbflottille) : KptLt Wilhelm Rüman
 * SMS V44 (lead boat, half-flotilla): KptLt Karl von Holleuffer
 * SMS G87: KptLt Siegfried Karstens
 * SMS G86: KptLt Kurt Grimm

 * 12th Half-Flotilla (12. Halbflottille): KptLt Rudolf Lahs
 * SMS V69 (lead boat, half-flotilla): KptLt Robert Stecher
 * SMS V45: KptLt Martin Laßmann
 * SMS V46: KptLt Bruno Krumhaar
 * SMS S50: KptLt Philipp Recke
 * SMS G37: KptLt Wolf von Trotha

 * 9th Torpedo-Boat Flotilla (IX. Torpedoboots-Flottille)
 * Lieut. Commander Herbert Goehle
 * SMS V28 (lead boat, flotilla): KptLt Otto Lenssen

 * 17th Half-Flotilla (17. Halbflottille): KptLt Hermann Ehrhardt
 * SMS V27 (sunk 31 May) (lead boat, half-flotilla): OLtzS Hartmut Buddecke
 * SMS V26: KptLt Hans Köhler
 * SMS S36 (1914): KptLt Franz Fischer
 * SMS S51: KptLt Werner Dette
 * SMS S52: KptLt Wilhelm Ehrentraut

 * 18th Half-Flotilla (17. Halbflottille): Korvettenkapitän Werner Tillessen
 * SMS V30 (lead boat, half-flotilla): OLtzS' Ernst Wolf
 * SMS S34: KptLt Otto Andersen
 * SMS S33: KptLt Waldemar von Münch
 * SMS V29 (sunk 31 May): KptLt Erich Steinbrinck
 * SMS S35 (1914) (sunk 31 May): KptLt Friedrich Ihn

Submarines

 * Leader of Submarines (Führer der Unterseeboote) : KptzS Hermann Bauer in SMS Hamburg
 * The following submarines were deployed to attack the Grand Fleet in the North Sea during the period of the Battle of Jutland
 * Off Terschelling:
 * SMU U-46: KptLt Leo Hillebrand
 * SMU U-67: KptLt Hans Nieland
 * Off the Humber Estuary:
 * SMU UB-21: KptLt Ernst Hashagen
 * Off Flamborough Head, Yorkshire:
 * SMU UB-22: OLtzS Bernhard Putzier
 * Off the Firth of Forth, Scotland:
 * SMU U-52: KptLt Hans Walter
 * SMU U-24: KptLt Rudolf Schneider
 * SMU U-70: KptLt Otto Wünsche
 * SMU U-32 (Germany): KptLt Fahr Edgar von Spiegel von und zu Peckelsheim
 * SMU U-51: KptLt Walter Rumpfel
 * SMU U-63 (Germany): KptLt Otto Schultze
 * SMU U-66: KptLt Thorwald von Bothmer
 * Off Peterhead, Scotland:
 * SMU U-47 (Germany): KptLt Heinrich Metzger
 * Off the Pentland Firth (between the Orkneys and the Scottish mainland):
 * SMU U-44: KptLt Paul Wagenführ
 * SMU U-43 (Germany): KptLt Helmuth Jürst

Airships

During the battle the Germans used the Zeppelin airships of the Naval Airship Section (Marine Luftschiff Abteilung) for scouting, although in the prevailing overcast conditions they were not particularly successful. The commander of the Naval Airship Section was Korvettenkapitän Peter Strasser, and they flew from bases at Nordholz and Hage in north-west Germany and Tondern (then part of Schleswig; the town became part of Denmark in 1920).

Sortied on 31 May
 * L.9: KptzS August Stelling (Army Officer, on the inactive list)
 * L.14: KptLt Alois Böcker
 * L.16: KptLt Erich Sommerfeldt
 * L.21: KptLt Max Dietrich
 * L.23: KptLt Otto von Schubert

Sortied on 1 June
 * L.11: KptLt Victor Schultze
 * L.17: KptLt Herbert Ehrlich
 * L.22: KptLt Martin Dietrich
 * L.24: KptLt Robert Koch

Did not sortie during the Battle of Jutland
 * L.13: KptLt Eduard Prölß
 * L.30: OLtzS Horst Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels

title: Order of battle at Jutland


text: Category:Namibian people

title: Category:Namibian people


text:
Talk:May 17 Statement

I have moved the original "May 17 Declaration" to "May 17 Statement". It seems that even the official Taiwan Affairs Office does not call the text a "declaration". Moreover, it appears that many such statements have been issued in the past. So one must wonder whether this particular one deserves a specific article. Certainly in its current state it ought to mention any official Taiwanese response to be considered NPOV A-giau 15:33, 4 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Took out the 'refused' part as it does not seem NPOV ish. User:wenzi

title: Talk:May 17 Statement


text:
Kawauchi, Fukushima

Kawauchi (川内村) is a village located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. , the village had an official registered population of 1,861, and a population density of 9.5 persons per km². The total area of Kawauchi is 197.35 km2. The village was evacuated as a result of the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, but in 2014, all restrictions were lifted. It is located in Futaba district

Geography
Kawauchi is located in the Abukuma Plateau of central Fukushima with a mean altitude of between 400 and 500 meters. North of Kawauchi, there is at 37.38139°N, 140.80444°W a substation of Kita–Iwaki powerline, a 500 kV-line already designed for future 1100 kV operation.

Surrounding municipalities

 * Fukushima Prefecture
 * Iwaki
 * Tamura
 * Tomioka
 * Naraha
 * Ōkuma

Climate
Kawauchi has a humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kawauchi is 10.3 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1431 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 22.5 °C, and lowest in January, at around -0.7 °C.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Kawauchi has declined steadily over the past 60 years and is now less than half what it was a century ago.

History
The area of present-day Kawauchi was part of Mutsu Province. After the Meiji restoration, on April 1, 1889, the village of Kawauchi was created within Futaba District, Fukushima with the establishment of the modern municipalities system.

2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
Kawauchi suffered moderate damage from the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. However, the eastern portion of the village is located within the nominal 20-kilometer exclusion zone of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, and as a result of wind patterns following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, the entire population of the village was evacuated by government order by May 2011. A portion of the village was re-opened in March 2012.

In August 2014, the government divided the remaining portion of the village into two zones, and projected a lifting of the evacuation order for 275 residents in one of the zones in October.

The ambient radiation dose was lower than that of the surrounding municipalities, and as of 2012, the average exposure dose among residents was reported to be below 1 millisievert per year. By 2017, more than 80% of the villagers had returned, but many were older and the younger generation had a lower return rate than the whole. It was reported that lifestyle-related diseases after the earthquake were increasing with the aging of the population. More than 100 Bq/kg of radioactive cesium has been detected in 76% of wild mushrooms collected between 2016 and 2019.

Economy
The economy of Kawauchi was formerly heavily dependent on agriculture.

Education
Kawauchi had two high schools (one public, one private), one junior high school, two elementary schools, and a kindergarten in March 2011. After the evacuation and re-opening of the town both high schools were closed. The junior high school, 1 elementary school, and kindergarten remain open.

Railway

 * Kawauchi is not served by any train stations.

Bus

 * Kawauchi is served by bus, taking you both east and west.

title: Kawauchi, Fukushima


text:
Ōkuma, Fukushima

Ōkuma (大熊町) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. In 2010, the town had a population of 11,515. However, the town was totally evacuated in the aftermath of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and residents were permitted return during daylight hours from May 2013. In April 2019, parts of the town were deemed to have been successfully decontaminated, with residents allowed to return to these areas.

, the town had an official registered population of 10,004 in 4,852 households; however, this number is substantially higher than the actual number of residents in the town due to the municipality continuing to keep track of its residents despite them having evacuated to settlements elsewhere throughout the country. The actual resident population in the town was 545 people in May 2023.

Geography
Ōkuma is located on the Pacific Ocean coastline of central Fukushima. Ōkuma lies in the center of the Hamadōri region of Fukushima, bordered to the west by the Abukuma Highlands and to the east by the Pacific Ocean. It is set between the cities of Namie and Futaba to the north, Tamura to the west, and Kawauchi and Tomioka to the south. The town is the site of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.

, with a height of 601.5 m, is within the town. The also flows within the town.

Surrounding municipalities

 * Fukushima Prefecture
 * Namie
 * Futaba
 * Tamura
 * Kawauchi
 * Tomioka

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Ōkuma grew steadily over the past 40 years until the nuclear disaster.

Climate
Ōkuma has a humid climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Ōkuma is 12.1 C. The average annual rainfall is 1329 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 24.1 C, and lowest in January, at around 1.5 C.

Early history of the area
The area of present-day Ōkuma was part of Mutsu Province. While historical records are unclear, it is believed that the area of present-day Ōkuma was ruled by the Shineha clan beginning in the mid-12th century. Later, during the Sengoku period, in December 1492 the Sōma clan defeated the Shineha clan, and the area transferred to the Sōma clan's control.

During the Edo period, the was established along the, also referred as Coastal Road (浜通り Hamadōri), in the area of present-day Ōkuma. The Iwaki-Sōma Road connected the region to Mito in the south and Sendai in the north. Modern-day National Route 6, which runs through Ōkuma, generally follows the same route as the Iwaki-Sōma Road.

Creation of the municipality
In 1888, the national government passed the, and in accordance with the act, on 1 April of the following year the villages of and  were inaugurated as parts of the district of.

On 1 April 1896, the Shineha district merged with the district of to become the present-day district of Futaba. Over a half a century later, on 11 November 1954, the villages of Ōno and Kumamachi merged to form the present-day town of Ōkuma.

From coal mining to nuclear power
Beginning during the 1870s, coal mining became an integral part of the economy of the Hamadōri region. This continued through the beginning stages of Japan's post-World War II rapid economic growth period, leading Fukushima Prefecture to lag behind the country as a whole in industrial and economic development. In the tail end of the 1950s, the prefecture began promoting electricity generation as a way to alleviate the economic problems on the horizon from the impending closure of the coal mines.

On 30 September – 22 October 1961 the town councils of Futaba and Ōkuma, respectively, unanimously voted to invite Tokyo Electric Power Company to build a nuclear power plant on the border of the two towns. In September 1967 construction began on unit one of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. By October 1978, units one through four, which are on the Ōkuma side of the plant, had been commissioned. Units five and six (on the Futaba side) were commissioned by March 1979.

2011 Tōhoku earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disaster
On 11 March 2011 the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami occurred, causing severe damage to Ōkuma and especially devastating coastal areas. The tsunami hit and flooded the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, located on the Pacific coast of Ōkuma, and set off the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. By the following morning, the Japanese government had ordered residents to evacuate to outside of a 10 km radius of the power plant. Many residents were evacuated to the nearby city of Tamura, among other cities.

Shortly thereafter Ōkuma set up a temporary town office in the. The temporary town office was later moved on 3 April to Aizuwakamatsu. Ōkuma residents had scattered to about 20 evacuation centers located in the cities of Tamura and Kōriyama and the towns of Miharu and Ono, and by 30 April approximately 1,800 residents had expressed the desire to also move to Aizuwakamatsu.

On 10 December 2012 Ōkuma modified the areas of the town under evacuation orders and permitted residents of select regions of the town to return to their homes. Within the first 19 days 104 residents returned, however other residents of Ōkuma, like some other communities in Fukushima, are "starting to come to terms with a sobering realization: their old homes are probably lost forever, and they must start anew elsewhere."

In 2015, the town sought to develop a forested area for living by 2018. The seaside area of the town, which was once heavily populated, was intended to be turned into a nature reserve.

In April 2019, parts of Ōkuma were deemed safe from further radiation contamination. The BBC reported that around 50 people were scheduled to move back.

Education
Ōkuma has three public elementary schools and one public junior high school operated by the town government, and one public high school operated by the Fukushima Prefectural Board of Education. The operation of all schools remains suspended indefinitely.

Railway

 * JR logo (east).svg JR East – Jōban Line
 * Ōno

Highway

 * – Ōkuma Interchange

International relations

 * 🇦🇺 – Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia, since March 1991

title: Ōkuma, Fukushima


text:
ATC code R07

R07AA Lung surfactants

 * R07AA01 Colfosceril palmitate
 * R07AA02 Natural phospholipids
 * R07AA30 Combinations

R07AB Respiratory stimulants

 * R07AB01 Doxapram
 * R07AB02 Nikethamide
 * R07AB03 Pentetrazol
 * R07AB04 Etamivan
 * R07AB05 Bemegride
 * R07AB06 Prethcamide
 * R07AB07 Almitrine
 * R07AB08 Dimefline
 * R07AB09 Mepixanox
 * R07AB52 Nikethamide, combinations
 * R07AB53 Pentetrazol, combinations
 * QR07AB99 Respiratory stimulants, combinations

R07AX Other respiratory system products

 * R07AX01 Nitric oxide
 * R07AX02 Ivacaftor
 * R07AX30 Ivacaftor and lumacaftor
 * R07AX31 Ivacaftor and tezacaftor
 * R07AX32 Ivacaftor, tezacaftor and elexacaftor

title: ATC code R07


text:
Talk:Basil of Caesarea

Old comments
It is of great value to note that in addition to the others mentioned here, St Peter, Bishop of Sebaste, is the younger brother to St Basil. St Peter was present at the Second Ecumenical Council.

+What about creat a disambiguation page on Saint Basil? It would be aesthetically more pleasant.

Article improvement drive
Let's see if we can expand and improve this article. I'll volunteer to improve the references, expand the biographical sections and add material on monasticism. We can use your help. Majoreditor (talk) 05:48, 9 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Great work so far. I think the article has moved from start class to a weak "B". I'm going to upgade it. Let's keep going!

 * I cut some passive constructions, but don't have the time to do more.Jweaver28 (talk) 12:53, 2 January 2014 (UTC)

Birthplace
The statement "Basil was born into the wealthy family of Basil the Elder, a famous rhetor,[7] and Emmelia of Caesarea around 330 in Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia[8]" is absent from the indicated footnote i.e. Rousseau (1994), p. 1. Rousseau does not even mention Basil's birthplace. He simply says that "Basil belonged to a relatively prosperous and locally prominent family in Pontus". I am about to correct this and add other references that are more enlightening on this subject.--Dipa1965 (talk) 12:30, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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death of Basil
I am reading Retrieving Nicaea by Khaled Anatolios. On page 72 he says "... Basil of Caesarea apparently died of a heart attack after reading Eunomius's Apology", and references Philostorgius's Church History 3.15 and 8.12. I can't find any on-line text, and my local library doesn't have the work (I'm not an academic). It seems to me that a second-hand source (Anatolios) might not be what Wiki requires for a reference. Am I correct? Would I need to verify the actual text? or would I need to be able to link to an on-line text? --Richardson mcphillips (talk) 17:26, 23 March 2019 (UTC)

Coptic?
Why is his name given in Coptic? Everything would have been written in Greek in his day, and he was not Egyptian. in any case it appears as boxes in my screen. Shall I delete it?--Richardson mcphillips (talk) 17:28, 23 March 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Basil of Caesarea


text:
Cherokee, North Carolina

Cherokee (ᏣᎳᎩ) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Swain and Jackson counties in Western North Carolina, United States, within the Qualla Boundary land trust. Cherokee is located in the Oconaluftee River Valley around the intersection of U.S. Routes 19 and 441. As of the 2020 census, the CDP had a population of 2,195. It is the capital of the federally recognized Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, one of three recognized Cherokee tribes and the only one in North Carolina.

The community also serves as a tourist destination, with numerous campgrounds, motels, and hotels serving visitors to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, with a major entrance to the park lying within the community. The Cherokee Historical Association runs the Oconaluftee Indian Village, a living-history museum, as well as the popular outdoor drama Unto These Hills, and is associated with the Museum of the Cherokee People. Cherokee serves as the southern terminus of the Blue Ridge Parkway. The Oconaluftee River flows through the town and is popular for tubing.

History
Cherokee is the capital of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and part of the traditional homelands of the Cherokee people. In the 1870s, the Eastern Band purchased the land for what is called the "Qualla Boundary". To continue the heritage of the Cherokee in the town, several signs for Cherokee's streets and buildings are written in both Cherokee syllabary and English. As a census-designated place (CDP), Cherokee overlaps most or part of three of the seven communities of the Qualla Boundary: Painttown, Wolftown, and Yellowhill.

Geography
Cherokee and its surrounding Qualla Boundary is in the very mountainous Swain and Jackson counties. The highest elevation is 6643 ft Clingman's Dome at the border with Tennessee. Clingman's Dome is the highest point in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The Oconaluftee River flows through downtown Cherokee.

2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,195 people, 867 households, and 561 families residing in the CDP.

Economy
The EBCI negotiated an agreement with the state, and in 1997 opened Harrah's Cherokee Casino for gaming. It has generated jobs and revenue for the tribe, providing money that the EBCI applies to its people's education, welfare and culture. In 2005, nearly four million people visited the casino and generated a per capita profit of roughly $8,000 annually. Each member of the tribe is paid some annual income; the tribe reinvests other monies for health and related services, and long-term development.

Since the late 20th century, most manufacturing and textile plants left the area, moving their jobs offshore to lower wage areas, such as Southeast Asia. The regional economy suffered. Many of the Cherokee had to rely on jobs related to national park tourism and recreation, which provided work for about half of the year. Many tribal members had to rely on public assistance to survive during the winter.

Tourism
Cherokee is a tourist-oriented area, located at the entrance to Great Smoky Mountains National Park and at the southern end of the Blue Ridge Parkway. In addition to the casino, it is the site of attractions such as:
 * Cherokee Botanical Garden and Nature Trail
 * Trail to Mount Guyot
 * Museum of the Cherokee Indian
 * Oconaluftee Indian Village
 * Oconaluftee (Great Smoky Mountains)
 * Qualla Arts & Crafts Mutual
 * Oconaluftee River

Eastern Cherokee history, culture, and crafts are portrayed in the historical drama Unto These Hills, presented annually during the tourist season.

The Cherokee area offers many campgrounds, trails and river adventures. It is also home to three roadside attractions with zoos: Cherokee Bear Zoo, Chief Saunooke Bear Park, and Santa's Land.

The zoos have been considered controversial. Bob Barker, a retired game show host and animal rights activist, has called for closing the black bear zoos at these attractions.

Cherokee Wonderland and Frontier Land were two amusement parks that operated in the area in the late 1960s and into the early 21st century, respectively. The latter was converted into a water park before being closed to make way for development of Harrah's Cherokee. When they were open, both parks featured their own narrow gauge railroads (named Cherokee Wonderland Railroad and Frontier Land Railroad).

Notable people

 * Walker Calhoun – musician, dancer, and teacher
 * Amanda Crowe – woodcarver and educator
 * Raymond Fairchild – banjo player
 * Charles George – Medal of Honor recipient
 * Leon Miller – American football player and lacrosse coach
 * Clyde Moody – bluegrass musician
 * Stan Powell – NFL player for the Oorang Indians

Education
Cherokee Central Schools operates the K–12 public schools. Cherokee High School is the local high school.

The private elementary school, New Kituwah Academy, is based on language immersion in Cherokee.

Previously the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) provided educational services, and in their schools students were not permitted to speak Cherokee.

Popular culture
Scenes from movies such as Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier, Digging to China, Forces of Nature, The Fugitive, and Stroszek were shot in Cherokee.

Media
The Cherokee One Feather newspaper has served the community for decades.

title: Cherokee, North Carolina