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European Le Mans Series

The European Le Mans Series (abbreviated as ELMS) is a European sports car racing endurance series inspired by the 24 Hours of Le Mans race and organized by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO). The European Le Mans Series is similar to the former American Le Mans Series (ALMS) based in the United States and Canada that was running with ACO and IMSA between 1999 and 2013. ELMS team champions and runners-up receive an automatic entry to the following year's 24 Hours of Le Mans. Originally titled the Le Mans Endurance Series before becoming simply the Le Mans Series in 2006, the series was renamed once more in 2012, reusing a name previously utilized by IMSA in 2001.

History
When he was allowed to bring the rules and racing formulae of the 24 Hours of Le Mans to North America with the creation of the Petit Le Mans in 1998, Don Panoz attempted to build a series inspired by the Petit Le Mans. The aged IMSA GT Championship was taken over and became the new American Le Mans Series, and met with much success in 1999.

Europe had lacked a major sports prototype series since the demise of the World Sportscar Championship in 1992. Following the success of the ALMS, Panoz attempting to bring sports prototype racing back to Europe. This led to the 2000 American Le Mans Series season, which included two races in Europe as the Nürburgring and Silverstone Circuit, as well as a round in Australia. These races would serve as a precursor to what would become the separate European Le Mans Series in 2001.

The European Le Mans Series was launched for 2001 with five races, including a premier 1000 km race at Estoril, which would be the European equivalent of the 1000 mile Petit Le Mans and earn automatic entries to the 24 Hours of Le Mans for each class winner.

To aid in the development of the ELMS, the 2001 season shared some races between both ALMS and ELMS. The 12 Hours of Sebring and Petit Le Mans, normally ALMS races, were considered optional races for ELMS teams. At the same time, the ELMS races at Donington Park and Jarama were considered optional for ALMS teams. This allowed for the possibility of boosting the draw from international teams to either series.

The series was unable to earn much attention from European sportscar teams, especially since the final FIA Sportscar Championship and FIA GT Championship series used similar cars, but different rules which would require teams to modify their cars or buy new cars to comply with ELMS rules. For the ELMS events that included ALMS teams, very few teams actually bothered to make the trip across the Atlantic to participate in races that appeared to have very few serious competitors. Thus the entry lists for each race fell from 25 at the beginning of the season to a mere 14 at season's end, with some classes only having one or two competitors.

With a lack of involvement from teams, and less interest from the media due to the lack of teams, the European Le Mans Series folded following the 2001 season.

The ACO was not completely satisfied with the fact that IMSA did not fully comply with the ACO's regulations in order to help attract privateer teams, as well as the failure of the FIA Sportscar Championship to succeed in Europe. Seeing the success of the American Le Mans Series, the ACO decided that a series run by themselves would be a better alternative for Europe. The ACO would instead attempt to attract factory backed teams with longer endurance races than ALMS and FIA SCC ran. The series would also be European based instead of international, thus it could be closer to the factories of many sportscar teams to help attract them to the series.

In 2003, the ACO announced their intentions to create their own European-based series, named the Le Mans Endurance Series, which would be similar to the original European Le Mans Series, but feature only 1000 km races instead of the shorter, 2 hour 45 minute races used by the ELMS, and fewer races in a season than the ALMS and FIA SCC to help keep costs down. Winners of the LMES championship would go on to earn automatic entries in the 24 Hours of Le Mans, similar to the American Le Mans Series.

The series was initially previewed in an open race run under the LMES banner in 2003 at the 1000km of Le Mans, a one-off event before the season started in 2004.

For the 2004 Le Mans Endurance Series, the series participated in four events, including resurrecting classic races like the 1000km Monza, 1000km Nürburgring, 1000 km Silverstone and the Spa 1000 km. Many competitors participated, making the racing very exciting.

2005 saw the series expand to a five race format with the addition of the Istanbul Racing Circuit.

In 2007, the Le Mans Series held its first and single overseas race in the continent of South America with Mil Milhas Brasil as the sixth round.

In 2010, the Formula Le Mans Cup was integrated into the Le Mans Series, running alongside Le Mans Prototype cars and GT cars.

As the FIA World Endurance Championship was reestablished in 2012, the ELMS had a reduced car count including officially dropping the LMP1 Prototype class from the category and its calendar was reduced to three rounds in Paul Ricard, Donington Park and Road Atlanta (Petit Le Mans).

For 2013, a twenty-nine car field was announced, with eleven in the LMP2 class, ten in the LM GTE class, and five in the new GTC class, which used GT3 technical rules. The calendar featured five races with a duration of 3 hours.

In 2014, the LMPC class was dropped and all races were expanded to 4 hours.

The 2015 season saw the introduction of the new LMP3 prototype class with cars built from Ligier, Ginetta, ADESS & Norma. Each of these cars chassis are powered by 5.0L Nissan V8 naturally aspirated engines (VK50VE)

In 2016, the GTC class was dropped from the series and moved to a new support series, the GT3 Le Mans Cup. This tournament was held on the same weekends as the European Le Mans Series 4-hour events, as well as on the same week as the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with shorter races than the ELMS.

In 2017, it was established by ACO that the lower teams from LMP3 would drop to the year's Michelin Le Mans Cup, while the best LMP3 teams from this competition would be promoted to ELMS. During this year's season new ACO LMP2 Prototype Class regulations were introduced with licensed manufacturers such as Dallara, Onroak Automotive (Ligier), Oreca and the joint-venture Riley Tech/Multimatic with Gibson Technology being the exclusive engine supplier.

In 2020, with the season heavily impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the 4 Hours of Silverstone race would be dropped from the calendar due to a date not being able to be found. The 4 Hours of Barcelona would also be replaced by a second 4 Hours of Le Castellet race at Circuit Paul Ricard. New ACO Generation II LMP3 ruleset regulation built cars were also eligible for the LMP3 Class in the category featuring manufactured chassis's such as the Ginetta G61-LT-P3, Ligier JS P320, Duqueine D-08, and the ADESS-03 Evo all of which use a VK56DE 5.6L Nissan V8 naturally aspirated engine.

In the 2021 season of the ELMS a LMP2 Pro-Am Cup Trophy was introduced aimed at teams who have bronze rated contracted drivers.

In the 2023 season of the ELMS, it marks as the last season of the LMGTE class as it will be replaced with a GT3-Specification class to be known as LMGT3 starting in the year 2024 season with Goodyear being the exclusive tyre supplier.

title: European Le Mans Series


text: User talk:69.135.182.139

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:69.135.182.139


text:
Kevin Lamoureux

Kevin Lamoureux (born January 22, 1962) is a  politician in Manitoba, Canada. On November 29, 2010, he was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the constituency of Winnipeg North in a by-election. He was re-elected during the 2011 election by a margin of just 44 votes and being the only Liberal flip this election. Lamoureux previously served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1988 to 1999 and from 2003 to 2010, and he twice sought the leadership of the Manitoba Liberal Party. He serves in the House of Commons as a member of the Liberal Party of Canada.

Background
Lamoureux was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and was educated at the University of Winnipeg. He worked as a store manager and air traffic control assistant, also serving in the armed forces for three years. His younger brother, Darrin Lamoureux, was the leader of the Saskatchewan Liberal Party from 2013 to 2017. His daughter, Cindy Lamoureux, is an MLA in northwest Winnipeg; she represented Burrows from 2016 until 2019 and has since represented Tyndall Park.

Member of the Manitoba Legislature
Lamoureux first ran for the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 1986 election in the north-Winnipeg division of Logan. The Liberal Party did not have a strong provincial organization in this campaign, and Lamoureux finished a distant third against New Democrat Maureen Hemphill.

The Manitoba Liberal Party saw its popularity increase between 1986 and 1988, as many centre-left voters abandoned the New Democratic Party (NDP) government of Howard Pawley. In the 1988 election, the Liberals jumped from one seat—River Heights, represented by party leader Sharon Carstairs—to twenty and became the dominant party in both north and south Winnipeg. Lamoureux scored a narrow victory over NDP incumbent Don Scott in the north end division of Inkster and entered the legislature as a member of the Official Opposition.

The Liberal Party fell back to seven seats in the 1990 provincial election, finishing in third place behind a resurgent New Democratic Party. Lamoureux, however, was re-elected in Inkster with an increased margin of victory.

Lamoureux ran for the Manitoba Liberal Party's leadership in 1993 after the resignation of Sharon Carstairs. He was seen as an "anti-establishment" candidate in this contest, representing north-Winnipeg communities against a party establishment dominated by south-Winnipeg interests. He lost to Paul Edwards.
 * Leadership campaigns

The Liberals were leading in the polls before the 1995 provincial election, but their support base collapsed during the campaign and the party won only three seats. Lamoureux again increased his majority in Inkster, while Edwards lost in St. James.

Edwards announced his resignation in late 1995, and Lamoureux again stood for the party leadership. He was again regarded as an "anti-establishment" candidate, this time facing Ginny Hasselfield, who was supported by the party's leadership. This contest was very divisive, and its ending was controversial. All party members could cast a ballot, and the results were "weighted" by constituency. It is generally acknowledged that Lamoureux received more votes from the party members than Hasselfield. Because his support was concentrated in north Winnipeg, however, Hasselfield won the weighted vote by 21 points.

The divisions in the Manitoba Liberal Party continued after the leadership contest. Following the 1997 Canadian federal election, Lamoureux and Gary Kowalski announced that they could no longer support Hasselfield's leadership and would sit as "Independent Liberals". This decision left Neil Gaudry as the party's only official member of the legislature. Facing increased pressure, Hasselfield agreed to resign as party leader in early 1998. Former MP Jon Gerrard was elected as her successor, and Lamoureux and Kowalski rejoined the party caucus.
 * Defeat and return

The Liberal Party entered the 1999 provincial election in a weakened state, damaged by the divisions of the previous years. The election itself became polarized between the governing Progressive Conservatives and the opposition New Democratic Party, and the Liberal Party's support fell significantly. Although still personally popular, Lamoureux was narrowly defeated by New Democrat Becky Barrett.

Lamoureux ran as a Liberal Party candidate in Winnipeg Centre in the 2000 Canadian federal election. He finished second to New Democratic Party (NDP) incumbent Pat Martin.

Becky Barrett did not seek re-election in 2003, and Lamoureux was again elected to the legislature for Inkster. The only other Liberal to win election in this campaign was Jon Gerrard. Both Lamoureux and Gerrard were re-elected in the 2007 election, but the party did not make any further gains.

Member of the Canadian House of Commons
Lamoureux resigned his provincial seat in 2010 to seek election to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election that was held to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of NDP MP Judy Wasylycia-Leis, who stepped down to run for mayor. He was elected over NDP candidate Kevin Chief, and was re-elected in the 2011 federal election a few months later by a margin of just 44 votes over NDP candidate Rebecca Blaikie. He and Ralph Goodale, who was re-elected in Wascana around Regina, Saskatchewan, were the only two Liberal MPs elected from the Prairie provinces; nationally the party won only 34 seats, the fewest it has ever won.

Lamoureux won re-election in 2015 by a landslide, turning what had been a safe seat for the NDP into one of the Liberals’ strongest seats on the federal stage with almost 70% of the popular vote. He was the only incumbent MP from Winnipeg who was re-elected in 2015, and the Liberals also won a majority government. He was re-elected with a diminished plurality in the 2019 Canadian federal election.

In 2021 the Commissioner of Canada Elections ruled Lamoureux had violated in the Canada Elections Act in the 2019 election. Lamoureux was found to have made seven advertisements on Facebook and Instagram on election day contrary to the prohibition on election day advertising. Lamoureux was ordered to pay a $300 fine. He was re-elected with an absolute majority in the 2021 election.

title: Kevin Lamoureux


text:
Sölve

Sölve (Sǫlvi) was a sea-king who conquered Vendel-period Sweden by burning the Swedish king Eysteinn to death inside his hall.

The Heimskringla relates that he was the son of Högne of Njardö, and that he had his home in Jutland, although according to the older source Historia Norwegiæ, he was a Geat. He pillaged in the Baltic Sea and at night they made shore in the hundred of Lofond/Lovund (perhaps Lovön or the Lagunda Hundred) where they surrounded a house and set it on fire, killing everybody inside. In the house there was a feast where the Swedish king Eysteinn was invited. Then Sölve and his men arrived in Sigtuna (now Signhildsberg) and declared that the Swedes had to accept him as king. The Swedes refused and fought Sölve for eleven days until they lost. Sölve then ruled Sweden until the Swedes rebelled and killed him.

Historia Norwegiae only relates that the Geats burnt Östen and his people to death inside his house.

Sölvi also appears in Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka, of which there is a version from the year 1300. This saga relates that Sölvi was the son of Högne the Rich of Nærøy fyrir Naumundalsminni in Norway and that he was the brother of Hild the Slender. Sölvi's brother-in-law, Hjorleiv, was the king of Hordaland and Rogaland and Hjorleiv killed Hreidar, the king of Zealand. Then Hjorleiv put Sölvi as the jarl of Zealand. Later in the saga, Sölvi is no longer the jarl of Zealand, but the king of Sweden. Hjorleiv had a son named Half (after whom the saga is named), and after the Norwegian king Asmund had killed Half, a couple of his champions go to Sweden and king Sölvi (til svíþjóðar ; fóru þeir ... á fund Sölva konungs) (see also Gard Agdi).

Sölvi is also mentioned in a few other sources, but none of them relate of his Danish and Swedish dominions.

He was succeeded by Ingvar Harra son of Eysteinn of the Yngling, the Swedish royal dynasty.

title: Sölve


text:
User talk:SimpleWhisk

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September 2009
Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit you made to Feral cat has been reverted, as it appears to have removed content from the page without explanation. Use the sandbox for testing; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing. Thank you. Alan (talk) 05:25, 7 September 2009 (UTC)

File:DorDor.JPG listed for discussion
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title: User talk:SimpleWhisk


text:
Talk:Spenser (character)

Spenser has a first name ...
Spenser has a first name, according to Stardust as quoted at, so it's more accurate to say that he never reveals it. --JerryFriedman 17:36, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * While not definitive, is it possible that Spenser's first name is Samuel? In the first several pages of chapter five of "Looking for Rachel Wallace," Spenser states that having Spenser as a last name forever links him to Edmund Spenser, the author of "The Faerie Queen."  He suggests that he would have preferred to be named Samuel Spade (reference to Dashiell Hammett's fictional detective).  Since the discussion is about last names being assigned to offspring and not about first names, could it be that his full name is "Samuel" Spenser? Timoneer (talk) 10:43, 17 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Another strong clue that Spenser's first name is Samuel is that in "Chasing the Bear" (2009), Spenser's father's name is Sam Spenser (page 138). Timoneer (talk) 10:19, 23 June 2009 (UTC)

Am I the only one appalled?
Am I the only one appalled that "Spenser" points to a fictional character of some detective novels rather than to one of the greatest poets of Western literature?! --Ryan Heuser 02:48, 28 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Spenser could be a redirect to Edmund Spenser with the current content of Spenser moved to something like Spenser (fictional detective) (and a disambiguation link added to Edmund Spenser pointing to the detective's article). The current Spenser article has a disambiguation link pointing to the poet, which strikes me as not significantly different.  I'd guess the Spenser detective is currently much more widely known than the poet.  In 50 years perhaps the situation will flip.  Appalling?  No.  Permanent state of affairs?  Also, probably not. -- Rick Block (talk) 03:20, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

 * An argument from popularity does not seem intuitive to me. Of course a 20th-century popular novel character is more widely "known" than a 16th-century poet.  The issue remains: I don't think it's in the best interest of WP to let popular fictional characters trump canonical writers.  And I think the situation you described (Spenser->Edmund Spenser, and a Spenser (fictional detective)) would be very satisfactory. --Ryan Heuser 11:45, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

move. — Nightst a  llion  (?) Seen this already? 09:22, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Spenser → Spenser (fictional detective) … Rationale: I believe Spenser ought to redirect to the canonical English poet Edmund Spenser, not to a fictional character of a detective novel who happens to have been named "Spenser" with no first name. --Ryan Heuser 20:27, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

Survey

 * Add *Support or *Oppose followed by an optional one-sentence explanation, then sign your opinion with  ~

 * Support - Nat Krause(Talk!) 20:35, 2 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Suport └ UkPaolo/talk┐ 21:32, 2 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Support. But the current page should become a DAB and not a redirect.  Vegaswikian 23:52, 2 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Support, but disambiguate Spenser. -Sean Curtin 00:40, 3 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Support but add dab header to Edmund Spenser. Septentrionalis 03:39, 3 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Support. I suppose Edmund Spenser is far more notable than the current Spenser. Skinnyweed 16:34, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

Discussion

 * Add any additional comments

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

—Nightstallion 09:22, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

Completing the move
Sorry for taking so long, but I thought I would give the debate a week to finish up. Here is what I've done:
 * changed Spenser to redirect to Edmund Spenser
 * added DAB header to Edmund Spenser, regarding this page
 * removed DAB header from this page, because it is no longer a redirect-inbound

I did not make a DAB page because there are only two candidates, and one is much more prominent than the other. I know two people requested a DAB page in the debate, but more simply agreed, which I took to be a tacit agreement to my proposal (that Spenser should redirect to Edmund Spenser). If this is unsatisfactory, let's talk about it. --Ryan Heuser 12:53, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Ceremony
I just wrote the Ceremony article if anyone wants to take a look, copyedit. Cheers. — Frecklefσσt | Talk 19:45, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spenser (character)


text:
Clonal colony

A clonal colony or genet is a group of genetically identical individuals, such as plants, fungi, or bacteria, that have grown in a given location, all originating vegetatively, not sexually, from a single ancestor. In plants, an individual in such a population is referred to as a ramet. In fungi, "individuals" typically refers to the visible fruiting bodies or mushrooms that develop from a common mycelium which, although spread over a large area, is otherwise hidden in the soil. Clonal colonies are common in many plant species. Although many plants reproduce sexually through the production of seed, reproduction occurs by underground stolons or rhizomes in some plants. Above ground, these plants most often appear to be distinct individuals, but underground they remain interconnected and are all clones of the same plant. However, it is not always easy to recognize a clonal colony especially if it spreads underground and is also sexually reproducing.

Methods of establishment
With most woody plants, clonal colonies arise by wide-ranging roots that at intervals send up new shoots, termed suckers. Trees and shrubs with branches that may tend to bend and rest on the ground, or which possess the ability to form aerial roots can form colonies via layering, or aerial rooting, e. g. willow, blackberry, fig, and banyan. Some vines naturally form adventitious roots on their stems that take root in the soil when the stems contact the ground, e.g. ivy and trumpet vine. With other vines, rooting of the stem where nodes come into contact with soil may establish a clonal colony, e.g. Wisteria. Ferns and many herbaceous flowering plants often form clonal colonies via horizontal underground stems termed rhizomes, e.g. ostrich fern Matteuccia struthiopteris and goldenrod. A number of herbaceous flowering plants form clonal colonies via horizontal surface stems termed stolons, or runners; e.g. strawberry and many grasses. Non-woody plants with underground storage organs such as bulbs and corms can also form colonies, e.g. Narcissus and Crocus. A few plant species can form colonies via adventitious plantlets that form on leaves, e.g. Kalanchoe daigremontiana and Tolmiea menziesii. A few plant species can form colonies via asexual seeds, termed apomixis, e.g. dandelion.

Record colonies
The only known natural example of King's Lomatia (Lomatia tasmanica) found growing in the wild is a clonal colony in Tasmania estimated to be 43,600 years old.

A group of 47,000 Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) trees (nicknamed "Pando") in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah, United States, has been shown to be a single clone connected by the root system. It is sometimes considered the world's largest organism by mass, covering 106 acres, and also as among the world's oldest living organisms, at an estimated 14,000 years old, though a more recent publication suggests the colony may be 80,000 years old. It is however possible that undiscovered clonal colonies of trees rival or exceed its size and/or age.

Another possible candidate for oldest organism on earth is an underwater meadow of the marine plant Posidonia oceanica in the Mediterranean Sea, which could be up to 100,000 years of age.

Examples
When woody plants form clonal colonies, they often remain connected through the root system, sharing roots, water and mineral nutrients. A few non-vining, woody plants that form clonal colonies are Bigelow oak (Quercus sinuata var. breviloba), quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), creosote bush (Larrea tridentata), bladdernut, blueberry (Vaccinium), devil's club (Oplopanax horridus), forsythia, hazelnut (Corylus), honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos), Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus), kerria (Kerria japonica), pawpaw (Asimina triloba), poplars (Populus), sassafras (Sassafras albidum), sumac (Rhus), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), and sweetshrub (Calycanthus floridus).

title: Clonal colony


text: User talk:131.107.76.139

title: User talk:131.107.76.139


text:
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title: Wikipedia:Templates for discussion


text:
Dave Roberts (baseball manager)

David Ray Roberts (born May 31, 1972), nicknamed "Doc", is a Japanese-American professional baseball manager and former outfielder who is the manager of the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for five MLB teams over a ten-year career and then coached for the San Diego Padres before being named Dodgers manager in 2016. Although he played for the Boston Red Sox for only part of one season, his most notable achievement as a player was a key stolen base in the 2004 American League Championship Series that extended the Red Sox's postseason, which culminated in a championship in the 2004 World Series. Roberts batted and threw left-handed.

The son of a Japanese mother and an African American father, Roberts became the first manager of Asian heritage to lead a team to the World Series in, when the Dodgers captured the National League pennant. He also led the Dodgers to the World Series in and, winning in the latter year. Roberts is both the first manager of Asian heritage and second African American manager to lead a team to a World Series title.

Early life
Roberts was born in Naha, Okinawa, Japan. His father, Waymon, was a United States Marine stationed in Japan when he met and married Eiko, Roberts's mother. Roberts has a younger sister, Melissa. His childhood was spent moving from one military base to another in two and three-year sequences, first in Okinawa where he was born, then to multiple bases in California, to Okinawa again, to North Carolina, to Hawaii and finally back to California, eventually settling in San Diego.

Roberts attended Vista High School as a freshman and was the most valuable player of the junior varsity baseball team. He transferred to Rancho Buena Vista High School when it opened the following year, where he was a standout in football, basketball and baseball. In football, he was a three-year starter at quarterback; as a senior, he helped lead his team to the San Diego Section Class 3A championship. Roberts was recruited to play football for the Air Force Academy as an option quarterback, but declined because he wanted to play baseball.

Roberts decided to attend the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and joined their Bruins baseball team as a walk-on outfielder after impressing coaches with his speed and enthusiasm. He hit .331 as a sophomore with 36 stolen bases and as a junior he hit .296 with 28 stolen bases. The Cleveland Indians drafted him in the 47th round of the 1993 MLB draft. He was disappointed with being drafted so low, behind seven other UCLA juniors, and his coach told him he needed to improve his defense and that his weak throwing arm was hurting his draft stock. He improved by getting to the ball quicker and was able to lead the Bruins in outfield assists as a senior, while also hitting .353 with 45 steals. He left UCLA as the school's all-time stolen-base leader and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in history in 1995.

Detroit Tigers
The Detroit Tigers selected Roberts in the 28th round of the 1994 MLB draft and signed him on June 9, 1994. He began his career with the Jamestown Jammers, the Tigers' short-season class A team in the New York–Pennsylvania League. Roberts hit .292 with 12 steals for the Jammers, who won the division title with a 42–32 record. For the 1995 season, he was promoted to play for the Lakeland Tigers in the Florida State League, where he hit .303 in 92 games with 30 stolen bases, fourth best in the league.

In 1996, Roberts was assigned to the Visalia Oaks of the California League. The Oaks were a co-op team made up of players from several organizations. He was frustrated with the assignment and thought about quitting baseball but his father talked him out of it. In 126 games, he hit .272 with 65 stolen bases, which led all of minor league baseball and he scored 112 runs, tops in the Cal League. He appeared in three games for the AA Jacksonville Suns of the Southern League at the end of the season and had two hits in nine at-bats. He also hit a three-run home run in the 15th inning to help the Suns win Game 1 of their playoff series. He remained at Jacksonville the next season, playing in 105 games for them, with a .296 average and 23 steals. In 1998, Roberts once again began the season with the Suns. He played in 69 games and hit .326 with 21 stolen bases and was named to the Southern League mid-season all-star team.

Cleveland Indians
In June 1998, Roberts and Tim Worrell were traded to the Cleveland Indians for Gerónimo Berroa. Roberts was traded just before the Southern League All-Star Game and played in the game wearing an Indians hat even though the Indians did not have a Southern League team at the time. He was assigned to the Akron Aeros of the Eastern League, where he batted .361 in 56 games with 28 steals. He was promoted to the Buffalo Bisons, the Indians' Triple-A team in the International League, late in the season. He had only two hits in 15 at-bats for the Bisons but remained with the team in the playoffs, as the Bisons won their first Governors' Cup in nearly 40 years and made it to the Triple-A World Series. Roberts later said his promotion to Buffalo was exciting because he realized he was getting close to the big leagues and his time there made him a better player.

Roberts played with the Cañeros de Los Mochis of the Mexican Pacific League during the 1998–99 season before playing for the Criollos de Caguas in Puerto Rico, where he played with Alex Cora, and had Joey Cora as general manager. Almost 20 years later Roberts, as manager of the Dodgers, would go on to meet Alex Cora as manager of the Red Sox in the 2018 MLB World Series.

Roberts was a non-roster invitee at Indians spring training in 1999 but was assigned to Buffalo to start the season. In 89 games for the Bisons, he had a .271 batting average with 39 steals. He earned International League all-star honors for the season. His contract was purchased by the Indians on August 7, 1999 and he made his major league debut batting leadoff and playing center field for the Indians against the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. In his debut he had three hits in five at-bats and stole a base: he was also picked off once. His first MLB hit was a double to center field in his second at-bat, off of Bobby Witt of the Devil Rays in the second inning. He hit his first home run on August 30 off of Ramón Ortiz of the Anaheim Angels. On September 24, he hit a grand slam homer off of John Hudek of the Toronto Blue Jays. Overall, he was in 41 games for the Indians in 1999 and hit .238 with two homers, 12 RBI and 11 stolen bases. He also appeared in two games of the 1999 American League Division Series (ALDS), going hitless in three at-bats.

Roberts spent most of 2000 back in the minors with Buffalo, where he had a .292 average in 120 games with a career high 13 homers, 55 RBI and 39 steals. He also was second in the league with 93 runs scored. He was called up to the Indians briefly from May 26–29 and then was called up when rosters expanded in September. In 19 games for the Indians, he had only two hits in 10 at-bats while being used primarily as a late-game defensive replacement. After the season, he had surgery on his left shoulder to repair a torn labrum and fraying around his rotator cuff, which caused him to begin the following season on the 60-day disabled list. When he returned on June 24, he was optioned back to the Bisons, where he hit .303 in 62 games. His 97 career steals in parts of four seasons in Buffalo ranks as the tops in franchise history and he would eventually be selected to the Buffalo Baseball Hall of Fame. He was again recalled to the majors in September and had four hits in 12 at-bats in 15 games for the Indians. In parts of three seasons with Cleveland, he hit .242 in 75 games.

Los Angeles Dodgers
On December 22, 2001, Roberts was traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers for minor league pitchers Christian Bridenbaugh and Nial Hughes. The 2002 season with the Dodgers was Roberts's first full season on a major league roster. He was the leadoff hitter and starter as a center fielder. He finished the season with a .277 batting average in 127 games with 45 stolen bases. He missed the final seven games of the regular season with a partially torn oblique.

In 2003, Roberts appeared in only 107 games due to hamstring problems but managed to steal 42 bases while hitting .250. He was the 10th Dodgers player in history with consecutive 40-steal seasons. He committed his first career error on April 22 against the Cincinnati Reds, snapping a streak of 205 errorless games. He began the 2004 campaign with the Dodgers and hit .253 in 68 games with 33 steals despite missing most of May because of a recurrence of hamstring issues.

Boston Red Sox
On July 31, 2004, the Dodgers traded Roberts to the Boston Red Sox for minor league outfielder Henri Stanley. He played in 45 games for the Red Sox and hit .256. Roberts made a large contribution to the 2004 Red Sox post-season even though he did not play in the 2004 World Series. Most notable was his stolen base against the Yankees in the 2004 American League Championship Series Game 4. The Red Sox were facing elimination in the bottom of the ninth inning, down four runs to three. Kevin Millar drew a walk from Yankees closer Mariano Rivera. Roberts, who had not played in ten days came in to pinch run with Bill Mueller hitting. Rivera attempted to pick off Roberts three times. On the first pitch to Mueller, Roberts stole second base, barely beating Yankee catcher Jorge Posada's throw. After the steal, Mueller singled, Roberts scored from second, and the Sox went on to win the game in 12 innings, beginning their run of eight straight wins that culminated in Boston's first World Series title since 1918. In 2006, the Boston Red Sox Hall of Fame recognized the steal as a Memorable Moment in Red Sox history.

San Diego Padres
The Red Sox traded Roberts to the San Diego Padres on December 20, 2004, in exchange for outfielder Jay Payton, infielder Ramón Vázquez, minor league pitcher David Pauley, and cash.

Roberts played center field for the Padres in 2005, hitting .275 in 115 games and moving to left field when Gold Glove winner Mike Cameron from the New York Mets was acquired before the 2006 season. That season Roberts established career highs with a .293 batting average, 49 steals, and 13 triples. The latter statistic tied Tony Gwynn's 19-year single-season franchise record. In the 2006 National League Division Series, Roberts hit .438 to lead the Padres, even though they were eliminated from the playoffs by the St. Louis Cardinals.

San Francisco Giants
In December 2006, Roberts signed with the San Francisco Giants. The Giants, trying to acquire a center fielder, first tried to sign Gary Matthews, Jr. and Juan Pierre, but both players passed on the Giants in favor of other teams. Roberts agreed to a 3-year, $18-million deal with the team in early December 2006. The Giants backloaded the deal agreeing to pay Roberts $5 million in 2007 and $6.5 million in 2008 and 2009.

Roberts's career with the Giants got off to a slow start because of injury. He spent most of May and early June on the disabled list. Roberts was batting only .216 before he went on the disabled list, but his swing had been hampered by the bone chips and spurs in his elbow that required surgery. He finished the season hitting .260 in 114 games with 31 stolen bases. Continually bothered by injuries, he only played in 52 games in 2008, hitting a career low .224 with only five steals.

On March 5, 2009, the Giants released Roberts even though they owed him money for the last year of his contract.

Player profile
Roberts had above-average knowledge of the strike zone and used it to his advantage. He had little power, but was a spray hitter who used raw speed to get on base and stretch singles to doubles. Once on base, he commonly "manufactured" runs with such tactics as stealing second base, moving to third on a grounder, and coming home on a sacrifice fly. When healthy, Roberts was widely known as one of the best base stealers in baseball. From 2002 to 2006, he had 195 steals, as well as an 81 percent success rate, both of which were the second-best in the majors among base stealers with 175 steals just behind stolen base king Rickey Henderson in the career stolen base rate rankings. In fact, Roberts' career stolen base success rate is 21st all-time among players with at least 300 career attempts. He had exceptional range in the outfield, but his below-average arm occasionally allowed his opponents to take extra bases on him.

Broadcasting career
In May 2009, Roberts retired from baseball and joined NESN as a studio analyst and occasional color commentator for Red Sox telecasts. After one season as a broadcaster, he left the network to join the Padres as a Baseball Operations Special Assistant, where he would work with players in the organization on outfield defense, base running and bunting.

San Diego Padres
On October 18, 2010, Roberts was hired by the San Diego Padres as the first base coach replacing Rick Renteria when he was promoted to bench coach. When Rentería was named manager of the Chicago Cubs after the 2013 season, Roberts once again succeeded him, named as manager Bud Black's bench coach for the 2014 campaign.

On June 15, 2015, Roberts filled in as the Padres' manager for one game when Black was fired after starting 2015 at 32–33 and six games behind in the National League West. The Padres lost that game 9–1 to the Oakland Athletics. Pat Murphy was named as the new manager the next day and Roberts returned to his bench coach role for the rest of the season.

Los Angeles Dodgers
Roberts was named manager of the Los Angeles Dodgers on November 23, 2015. He became the first minority manager in the franchise's history. In 2016, the Dodgers set the MLB record in Roberts's first year by placing 28 players on the disabled list throughout the season, as well the record for the most pitching changes (606) in a single season. Despite the injuries, the Dodgers won their fourth consecutive NL West title and advanced to the 2016 NLCS, losing to the eventual champions Chicago Cubs in 6 games. Roberts received praise during the postseason for how he used Kenley Jansen in non-traditional closer situations. He was selected as the Sporting News National League Manager of the Year and was voted by the Baseball Writers' Association of America as the National League Manager of the Year.

In 2017, Roberts led the Dodgers back to the playoffs, where they swept the Arizona Diamondbacks in the 2017 NLDS and then defeated the Chicago Cubs in five games in the 2017 NLCS. Roberts became first manager of Asian heritage ever in the World Series, as well as the fourth African-American manager. The Dodgers faced the Houston Astros in the 2017 World Series, where they were defeated in seven games. It was later determined that the Astros illegally stole signs during the 2017 regular season and postseason.

In 2018, the Dodgers got off to a rocky start at the beginning of the season with a 16–26 record, but rebounded to win the NL West, finishing 92–71. Roberts led the Dodgers to the 2018 World Series after the Dodgers defeated the Atlanta Braves three games to one in the 2018 NLDS and then defeated the Milwaukee Brewers in seven games in the NLCS. The Dodgers faced one of Roberts's former teams, the Boston Red Sox, and former Dodgers teammate Alex Cora for the championship. Boston won the series in five games, giving the Red Sox their ninth World Series title and the Dodgers a second consecutive World Series loss. On December 3, 2018, Roberts and the Dodgers agreed to a four-year contract extension, through the 2022 season.

In 2019, Roberts led the team to an 106–56 record, the second highest mark in the league that season and a franchise record. However, they were upset by the Washington Nationals in the NLDS in 5 games, who went on to win it all.

In 2020, Roberts led the Dodgers to the playoffs once more. They swept the Milwaukee Brewers in the 2020 National League Wild Card Series and the San Diego Padres in the 2020 NLDS, both of which had modified schedules due to the COVID-19 pandemic. After coming back from a 3–1 deficit against the Atlanta Braves in the 2020 NLCS, the Dodgers defeated the Tampa Bay Rays in six games in the 2020 World Series. Roberts became the first African-American manager of a World Series-winning team since Cito Gaston and the first manager of Asian heritage to win the World Series.

On March 25, 2022, Roberts signed a three-year contract extension with the Dodgers through the 2025 season. The Dodgers won 111 games in 2022, a mark only reached by four other teams in MLB history. It was the fourth time Roberts had a 100 win season, after doing it in 2017, 2019, and 2021. However, they lost in the 2022 National League Division Series to the San Diego Padres. This meant that the 2022 Dodgers had the most wins of a team to fail to win a postseason series in the division era. In the past four full seasons, the Dodgers won 100 games each time but only reached the NLCS once. They repeated as NL West champions with 100 wins in 2023 but lost yet again in the NLDS, this time to the 84-win Arizona Diamondbacks in a straight sweep. It is the third season in a row that the Dodgers had lost a playoff series to a team that had at least 15 more losses than the Dodgers.

Personal life
Roberts married his high school girlfriend, Tricia, in 1997. They have two children, son Cole and daughter Emme. Cole played baseball collegiately for Loyola Marymount University and is currently in the Arizona Diamondbacks minor league system. Roberts, along with former teammate Rich Aurilia and friends John and Noelle Micek, have been partners in Red Stitch Winery, based in Cardiff, California, since 2008.

In March 2010, Roberts was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. After receiving treatments for lymphoma, Roberts reported he received a clean bill of health in June 2011.

Roberts is a Christian. Roberts spoke of his faith in 2016 by saying, "I stopped trying to be good enough and earn my way into heaven and accepted God’s gift of eternal life through His Son Jesus Christ in 1988. It wasn’t until just a few years ago, though, that I really understood how much God loved me in sending Jesus to die in my place and really started living for Him, putting Him first in my life, making Him Lord. My relationship with Christ is the most important thing in my life. Beyond the game of baseball, He gives me lasting joy, contentment, and peace. That’s the great thing about allowing Jesus to become Lord—He really knows and wants what is best for my life."

He is also a speaker at the annual "MLB Winter Meetings Baseball Career Conference" for the online sports-career training school Sports Management Worldwide, founded and run by Dr. Lynn Lashbrook.

title: Dave Roberts (baseball manager)


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St Mary's Catholic Cemetery, Kensal Green

St Mary's Catholic Cemetery is located on Harrow Road, Kensal Green in London, England. It has its own Catholic chapel.

The cemetery, founded in 1858, is the resting place of over 165,000 Roman Catholics. The 29-acre cemetery has memorials for Belgian soldiers and Commonwealth service personnel from both World Wars, along with numerous foreign nationality war graves. Notable burials include British spy Peter Ashmun Ames, conductor Sir John Barbirolli, and activist Marcus Garvey. The cemetery, which is open year-round, features a chapel used for funeral and memorial services. Visitors can consult computerized burial records dating back to 1858 at the cemetery office.

History
Established in 1858, the 29 acre site was built next door to Kensal Green Cemetery. It is the final resting place for more than 165,000 individuals of the Roman Catholic faith, and features a memorial to Belgian soldiers of the First World War, wounded in combat and evacuated to England, where they died in hospital.

There is also a War Memorial, in the form of a Cross of Sacrifice to the British, Irish, French, Czechoslovakian and Canadian servicemen. It is surrounded by a Screen Wall memorial and a low kerb listing Commonwealth service personnel of both World Wars whose graves in the cemetery could not be marked by headstones. In all, the cemetery contains 208 graves of Commonwealth service personnel of the First World War, and 107 graves of the Second World War. There are also many foreign nationality war graves that include, from First World War, 77 Belgians and six Germans, and from the Second, eight Czechoslovakian and six Polish war graves.

Many Irish migrants who came to England during the Great Famine are buried here.

Notable interments

 * Peter Ashmun Ames (1888–1920), British spy
 * Sir John Barbirolli (1899–1970), orchestral conductor
 * Marmaduke Barton (1865–1938), pianist and professor at the Royal College of Music
 * John Chippendall Montesquieu Bellew (1823–1874), Preacher, reciter, and author
 * Prince Louis Lucien Bonaparte (1813–1891), statesman, philologist
 * Frank Brangwyn (1867–1956), artist
 * Louis Brennan (1852–1932), mechanical engineer and inventor
 * Lizzie Burns (1827–1878), wife of Friedrich Engels
 * William Pitt Byrne (1806–1861), newspaper editor and proprietor of The Morning Post
 * General Sir John Cowans (1862–1921), Quartermaster-General to the Forces in World War I – buried at Terrace 130
 * Anne Crawford (1920–1956), actress of stage, radio and film
 * Major Thomas Crean (1873–1923), VC recipient in Boer War
 * Fr Martin Cyril D'Arcy SJ (1888-1976) English philosopher, Roman Catholic cleric, college administrator and religious art collector
 * Frances C. Fairman (1839–1923), English animal painter and illustrator
 * James Grant (1822–1887), Scottish author, historian, artist and architect
 * Marcus Garvey (1887–1940), Jamaican political activist – initially buried in catacombs beneath the chapel, later reburied in King George VI Memorial Park, Kingston, Jamaica.
 * Gilbert Harding (1907–1960), journalist, radio and TV personality
 * Percy Hardy (1880–1916), first-class cricketer; committed suicide while serving during World War I.
 * Josef Jakobs (1898–1941), German spy – unmarked grave
 * William Keatinge (1869–1934), military chaplain and bishop
 * Andrzej Kowerski (aka Andrew Kennedy) (1912–1988), decorated Polish soldier and spy
 * Danny La Rue (1927–2009), cabaret artist, nightclub owner, actor
 * Edmonia Lewis (1844–1907), sculptor
 * Father Vincent McNabb, O.P. (1868–1943), Irish scholar and priest
 * Henry Edward Manning (1808–1892), Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster (later transferred to Westminster Cathedral)
 * Alice Meynell (1847–1922), poet and essayist
 * Victoria Monks (1884–1927), music hall singer
 * The Lord Morris (1859–1935), Prime Minister of Newfoundland
 * Patrick O'Connell (1887-1959), Irish football player and manager
 * Major General Sir Luke O'Connor (1831–1915), VC recipient in Crimean War
 * T. P. O'Connor (1848–1929), Irish journalist and politician
 * Carlo Pellegrini (1839–1889), caricaturist
 * Sir Max Pemberton (1863–1950), author, journalist and editor
 * Lieutenant Colonel James Henry Reynolds (1844–1932), VC recipient and medical officer at Rorke's Drift
 * Sax Rohmer (1883–1959), author, creator of "Dr. Fu Manchu"
 * Mary Seacole (1805–1881) nurse, humanitarian
 * Krystyna Skarbek (aka Christine Granville) (1908–1952), Polish SOE agent and World War II heroine
 * Clarkson Frederick Stanfield (1793–1867), marine painter
 * Władysław Studnicki (1867–1953), Polish politician and publicist
 * Francis Thompson (1859–1907), poet, literary critic
 * Louis Wain (1860–1939), artist
 * Nicholas Wiseman (1802–1865), Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster (later transferred to Westminster Cathedral)

The chapel

 * The cemetery's Catholic chapel is used for funeral and memorial services. The walls have many memorial plaques.
 * The chapel was used in the filming of Miranda episode "Before I Die".

Access
The cemetery is open for visitors every day of the year.

Summer opening hours
Monday to Saturday – 8am to 5pm Sunday – 9am to 5pm

Winter opening hours
Monday to Saturday – 8am to 4pm Sunday – 9am to 4pm

Christmas Day and Boxing Day – 9am to 1pm

Cemetery office
The office is closed on Bank Holidays and during summer months closing times can vary. The summer opening hours are in effect from early April to late October during UK British Summer Time. The winter opening hours are for the rest of the year when the UK has Greenwich Mean Time.

Office hours
Office hours are Monday to Friday – 9am to 3pm. >Visitors may request the office staff consult the computerised records of all interments in St Mary's Catholic Cemetery (from 1858 to date).


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Randver

Randvér or Randver was a legendary Danish king. In Nordic legends, according to Sögubrot and the Lay of Hyndla, he was the son of Ráðbarðr the king of Garðaríki and Auðr the Deep-Minded, the daughter of the Danish-Swedish ruler Ivar Vidfamne. In these two sources, Auðr had Randver's brother, Harald Wartooth, in a previous marriage.

One of the genealogies in Hversu Noregr Byggðist seems to say that he is the son of Hrœrekr slöngvanbaugi and the brother of Harald Wartooth. Hrœrekr was, according to Sögubrot, a Danish king on Zealand who was killed by Ivar Vidfamne.

According to Hervarar saga both Randver and Harald Wartooth were the sons of Valdar and Alfhild, the daughter of Ivar Vidfamne. This saga relates that Ivar appointed Valdar as the king of Denmark, and when Valdar died, he was succeeded by Randver. Randver married Åsa Haraldsdottir of Agder (in other sagas said to be the wife of Gudrød the Hunter of Vestfold), who gave birth to a son, Sigurd Hring. After his brother Harald had reclaimed Götaland (or Gotland depending on the manuscript), Randver fell in battle in England.

The Hervarar saga says that Randver was succeeded as Danish king by his son Sigurd Hring (probably as Harald's viceroy). However, Sögubrot says that Harald Wartooth elevated Sigurd Hring as sub-king of Sweden and Västergötland.The Danish chronicle of Saxo Grammaticus (c. 1200) does not clearly mention Randver, but rather asserts that Hring was the son of the Swedish king Ingjald and an unnamed sister of Harald Wartooth.

The Danish scholar Gudmund Schütte drew a parallel between the pair Ráðbarðr - Randver in Langfeðgatal and the pair Rædhere - Rondhere that is mentioned in line 123 in the Anglo-Saxon poem Widsith (7th century?). Schütte's argument was that lists of heroic figures found in Widsith were reflected in the ordering of names in some later medieval sagas and chronicles.

Literature

 * Ellehøj, Svend (1965) Studier over de ældste norrøne historieskrivning. Hafniæ: Munksgaard.
 * Nerman, Birger (1925) Det svenska rikets uppkomst. Stockholm: Generalstabens litografiska anstalt.
 * Saxo Grammaticus (1905) The nine books of the Danish history of Saxo Grammaticus. London: Norroena Society
 * Schütte, Gudmund (1926) "Dansk kongetals tusendaarige traad", Dansk Historisk Tidskrift 9:V

title: Randver


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Triton (novel)

Trouble on Triton: An Ambiguous Heterotopia (1976) is a science fiction novel by American writer Samuel R. Delany. It was nominated for the 1976 Nebula Award for Best Novel, and was shortlisted for a retrospective James Tiptree, Jr. Award in 1995. It was originally published under the shorter title Triton.

Delany has said that Trouble on Triton was written partly in dialogue with Ursula K. Le Guin's anarchist science fiction novel The Dispossessed, whose subtitle was An Ambiguous Utopia. It is also loosely linked to other books by him (particularly Neveryóna) in its references to "the modular calculus", a vaguely described future mathematics that would analyze analogies, fictional constructs, and possibly human personalities. The most recent U.S. edition from Wesleyan University Press (1996) has a foreword by the postmodern novelist Kathy Acker, focusing on Trouble on Triton as Orphic fiction.

Plot introduction
As the subtitle implies, the novel offers several conflicting perspectives on the concept of utopia. Utopia literally means "good place" or "no place". Delany takes the term heterotopia from the writings of philosopher Michel Foucault. Literally, heterotopia means "other place" or "a place of differences". Foucault uses the term to designate spaces outside everyday fixed institutional and social spaces, for example trains, motels and cemeteries. In the novel's future Solar System, Neptune's moon Triton supports one of several human societies independent from Earth, which has developed along radically libertarian lines in some ways: although a representative government exists, it has virtually no power to regulate private behavior, and citizens may choose to live in an area where no laws apply at all. Technology provides for a high degree of self-modification, so that one can change one's physical appearance, gender, sexual orientation, and even specific patterns of likes and dislikes.

Plot summary
The novel examines how Triton's freedoms and customs are perceived by the main characters, particularly Bron Helstrom, a young man who has previously worked on Mars as a prostitute. The society of Mars is far harsher than that of Triton, and it has evidently influenced Bron's personality. He is self-absorbed, often lacks insight about himself and others, and has great difficulty with personal relationships. Although the civilization of Triton offers everything that he could reasonably want, he is unhappy with his life, out of harmony with those around him, and continually looking for others to blame whenever things go wrong.

As the novel continues, political tensions between Triton and Earth lead to a destructive interplanetary war. This is mainly used as the backdrop for Bron's (ultimately disastrous) relationship with a brilliant young woman known as the Spike, but Delany speculates about how an interplanetary war might actually unfold.

Reception
Although dissatisfied with the novel's "abrupt" conclusion, Richard A. Lupoff praised Triton as "a thoroughly absorbing, highly rewarding reading experience. . . . a noble and fascinating experiment [that] speaks well for the author." In a 2008 review for Tor.com, Jo Walton praises Trouble on Triton for being "a “personal is political” novel, which was not typical for its contemporaries in the science fiction genre.

Technology
The novel offers a unique directional artificial gravitational field created by inducing relativistic motion of atomic particles, essentially extreme elliptical orbits.

Connections to other works
Trouble on Triton is not to be confused with the 1941 Henry Kuttner novel or the 1954 Alan E. Nourse novel Trouble on Titan.

The title of the novel was inspired by Leonard Bernstein's 1952 opera, Trouble in Tahiti. Fred Pohl, the editor at Bantam, made Delany shorten the title to Triton to avoid confusion.

Trouble on Triton contains the first two parts of the five-part series "Some Informal Remarks Toward the Modular Calculus", which continues in several volumes of the Return to Nevèrÿon series. The novel as a whole is Part One, while Part Two is the novel's second appendix.

Bron's home city of Bellona on Mars shares its name with the Bellona where Delany's other novel Dhalgren is set.

Several plot elements in Trouble on Triton have similar corresponding elements in Delany's Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand.

Trouble on Triton is set in the same universe as Delany's short story "Time Considered as a Helix of Semi-Precious Stones", included in his collection Aye, and Gomorrah, and other stories.

The complex game vlet, which Bron observes the play of, is inspired by the Joanna Russ short story "A Game of Vlet", found in her collection The Zanzibar Cat.

title: Triton (novel)


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BBC Look North (East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire)

BBC Look North is the BBC's TV news service for East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, produced by BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. The programmes are produced and broadcast from the BBC Broadcasting Centre at Queens Court in Kingston upon Hull, with reporters also based in Lincoln.

Peter Levy is the main presenter/newsreader on the 13:30 and 18:30 weekday bulletins, whilst the 22:30 and BBC Breakfast bulletins are presented by different journalists.

The programme can be watched in any part of the UK (and Europe) from Astra 2E on Freesat channel 967 and Sky channel 957, and in select areas on Virgin Media channel 858. The latest edition of Look North is also available to watch on the BBC iPlayer.

Broadcasts
On weekdays, Look North broadcasts six three-minute opt-outs during BBC Breakfast at 27 and 57 minutes past each hour – as of June 2016, the bulletins are also shared with Look North's sister service in Yorkshire and the North Midlands, as part of a pilot scheme. These bulletins originally came from the BBC's Hull studios, but now they come from the BBC's Leeds studios.

A 15-minute lunchtime news airs at 1.30 pm, before the main half-hour edition at 6:30 pm. and a 15-minute bulletin shown at 10:25 pm, following the BBC News at Ten.

Look North also airs three bulletins during the weekend: early evening bulletins on Saturday and Sunday and a late night bulletin on Sundays, following the BBC News at Ten. The times of these bulletins vary.

Coverage area
The programme's main coverage area is East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, the editorial areas covered by BBC Lincolnshire and BBC Radio Humberside. Some households in rural north-west Norfolk and eastern parts of Nottinghamshire receive the Hull edition of Look North.

History
Look North's Hull-based programme began in November 2002, presented by Helen Fospero and Peter Levy. The programme was presented from a small television studio built into the existing BBC Radio Humberside building on Chapel Street and was directed from a technical gallery at Leeds. The programme's first editor was Roger Farrant.

Before 11 November 2002, this region was part of a BBC North region, served by Look North from Leeds with short six-minute opt-outs for the area (introduced during 2001) during the main evening programme at 6:30 pm and the BBC Ten O' Clock News. The November 2002 changes saw the opt extended to become a full half-hour programme at 6:30 pm, with the 10:25 pm opt-out remaining unchanged. Daytime and weekend bulletins were carried from Leeds.

In 2004, Look North, along with BBC Radio Humberside and the Online/Interactive Project, moved to new studios and offices in Queen's Gardens. Within a short time of going live from the new studios, dedicated daytime and weekend bulletins for the region were introduced, replacing the previous arrangement of carrying bulletins from Leeds.

News

 * Peter Levy - Main Presenter - Monday-Friday
 * Caroline Bilton - Friday late Presenter

Weather

 * Keeley Donovan
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Videojournalists

 * Caroline Bilton

Correspondents

 * Simon Clark - Sport

Former on air team

 * Sarah Cruddas
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 * Owain Wyn Evans


text:
Talk:Ultra-high-temperature processing

Is it me or is this inaccurate?
Is it me or is this inaccurate? UHT says that it may destroy less nutrients, but I was under the impression is damaged nutrients worse. Google search "The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Nutritional Value of Milk" for a reference. Kaddar 20:41, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

 * The URL for the above article is http://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/hsingh2/NTRS%20519%20topics/Heat%20Treatment%20on%20the%20Nutritional%20Value%20of%20Milk%20by%20Erin%20Gillis.pdf It primarily discusses the effects of pasteurization on "micro-nutrients", like folic acid. More research is needed to determine the effect of UHT alone while accounting for variations in feed, season, etc. Interestingly, the article says UHT is 4-15 seconds, while the current wp article says 1-2 seconds. Which is correct? Note this article http://www.foodsci.uoguelph.ca/dairyedu/uht.html says 2-5 seconds. Yoshm 10:19, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

the definition says that UHT processing partially sterilizes the milk. this is not scientific. something is either sterile or not, like being pregnant.Dhmuch 04:23, 22 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Disagree, sterility is a quality, represented by log based factors. Something can be somewhat sterile, 99.9% sterile, and still not fully sterile.  Sterile is killing bacteria, partially sterile things have lower concentrations.  A person cannot be half pregnant, but a crop can be half-dead Kaddar 20:39, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

can i know more abt U.H.T. processing

Does anyone know the negative effects of UHT processing on food products, especially milk? (does it "destroy" nutritional elements like vitamins and calcium?)

 * I don't know how vitamins respond to UHT, but calcium couldn't care less. You can't destroy an element without nuclear reactions. --Smack (talk) 22:09, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

I would also like to know more about U.H.T processing. I'v "heard" that the fatcells explodes so the fat in them is so "small" that the body can't handle them. It realy sounds rediculus, and that is what I told my friends. Anyone know about this? /Lars

 * - @Lars: "I'v "heard" that the fatcells explodes so the fat in them is so "small" that the body can't handle them." - This sounds more like a reference to homogenization (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogenization_(chemistry)), which is a process of "breaking up" fat particles in order to avoid a distinct layer of cream or creamy parts forming in milk. In my home country (Denmark) most "ordinary" milk is homogenized, while organic milk is not. From personal experience I would guess the article's figures for Northern Europe to be accurate, as you really have to search stores for UHT milk, and the only time I've actually been served it was on a summer camp where refrigeration wasn't possible. And yes, the taste is VERY different; personally I find UHT quite unsavoury and would actually prefer powdered milk if fresh milk is not an option.Mojowiha (talk) 07:10, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

 * I lived in France nearly all of my life (ie. 20 years) and have always drunk UHT milk, and I'm doing fine! It's great to be able to store milk unrefrigerated. Now that I live in Canada I have to buy non-UHT milk, and I'm not so fond of it. Anyway, if 70% of Europeans (I'm pretty sure 100% of the French, as I never saw non-UHT milk there) drink it, it can't be bad. Iron C hris |  (talk) 16:40, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

 * - "I'v "heard" that the fatcells explodes so the fat in them is so "small" that the body can't handle them." - Goat's milk is frequently touted as being more digestible because its fat particles are smaller. Goat -- 201.50.126.220 16:51, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

Austria here. There is UHT milk in the shelves, but almost everyone drinks non-UHT milk, because it just tastes better (there is a marked difference in taste). People going to France on student exchanges tend to complain that everyone drinks UHT milk and fresh milk is hard to find. It would be interesting to know what countries the study was done in, if any countries were left out, and whether there are any countries where both products co-exist. 85.124.205.38 09:34, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

 * That's funny, I definitely prefer the taste of UHT milk. Maybe that's because I was brought up drinking it. Iron C hris |  (talk) 15:00, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

'''i prefer UHT also!! I'm lactose intolerant, and for years, the only lactose free milk available here (Australia) has been UHT. They've now brought out a normal (non UHT) lactose free, and it makes me feel sick... Lactobacillus, sounds a bit like lactose... is there any link? Or am I just used to UHT now?!?'''Ronnieland 01:05, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * The only link is the root word "lacto", which means milk. I, too, am a little lactose intolerant and find that both UHT milk and milk with added lactase enzyme do not cause me any stomach upset. I cannot add this to the article because it is WP:OR, but if UHT milk doesn't contain much lactose, this deserves to be better publicized. David Spector 21:03, 19 March 2010 (UTC)

In North-America
Is UHT milk available anywhere in North-America? Iron C hris |  (talk) 18:26, 15 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Obviously much time has elapsed since this thread was active, but yes, UHT is now widely available at most grocery stores in the form of nearly all organic milks sold at chain supermarkets. --24.5.197.145 (talk) 11:24, 16 February 2012 (UTC)

 * I could never find it when I was in Québec, but it seems Grand Pré sells UHT milk there. I don't know for the other parts of North America. → SeeSchloß 11:21, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Yeah, you can get it at any fast-food place in the US. It tastes terrible. --Jnelson09 20:46, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Netgrocer.com has it, I just got curious today, it's hard to find... but they seem to sell it by the individual container.  this place sells it by the pallet. stephan.com 02:50, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

The dairy industry, i'm sure, doesn't like it. You know why? because it makes their milk last longer, and thus less goes to waste, and they get less money. -dairysceptic —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.3.14.187 (talk) 10:25, 13 September 2007 (UTC)

"UHT milk is also used on airplanes" This statement should be removed. It is meaningless.If the implication is that all airlines serve UHT milk, that is not true. UHT milk may be used on some airplanes or flight segments but it is certainly not a rule. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.194.22.9 (talk) 06:23, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

At least in the Northeast section, USA, Parmalat is available in virtually all supermarkets. I have a good sense of taste and cannot distinguish cold Parmalat from cold milk of equal rated fat content. The issue of destruction of nutrients needs to be decided on the basis of chemical analysis. If this has been done, the results should be added to the article. David Spector 21:11, 19 March 2010 (UTC)

I find it funny that you can't taste the difference between UHT and fresh milk. I first tried it as an adult and I can't stand it, it stinks and tastes awful to a palate trained on fresh milk for 35 years. I can only drink it in coffee, and even then I find it spoils the coffee a little. My kids can drink it, I assume that this is because they don't know any better... I can't even linger too long over an open carton without mild disgust. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.152.235.26 (talk) 00:08, 1 November 2010 (UTC)

UHT is not found in the grocery stores, or Wal-Mart stores, here in Kansas. The US Army is a huge purchaser of the milk, and I've been a regular consumer of it since it first showed up in the early 1990s. It does taste different than non-UHT milk, but the chocolate and strawberry flavors are pretty good. Overseas in Germany, France, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Kosovo it was commonly used. I find that the taste of it in Machiato (espresso with steamed milk) taste much better with UHT. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.103.145.229 (talk) 22:27, 30 July 2010 (UTC)
 * The correct expression is 'latte macchiato' ('stained milk' - stained with coffee, of course). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.108.230.212 (talk) 10:50, 28 September 2011 (UTC)
 * While dated a discussion item, I feel that the information above is inaccurate. I've bought UHT milk in supermarkets from Pennsylvania through Virginia and in Louisiana. Placement in supermarkets can be confusing though, as I've found it anywhere from baking aisles through the non-carbonated drinks aisles.Wzrd1 (talk) 21:26, 28 January 2018 (UTC)

Pasteurization, UHT, and lactobacillus
"once contaminated, UHT milk spoils much more rapidly than pasteurized milk because all the lactobacillus in milk has been killed by the high temperature heat treatment" - This doesn't sound right to me. Pasteurization should kill lactobacillus along with other bacteria. I.e., I think that both pasteurized and UHT milk would have zero lactobacillus. Any cites one way or the other? -- 201.50.126.220 16:48, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

UHT and dairy allergy
I'm mildly allergic to uncooked dairy products (getting stomach upsets and worse) yet UHT milk causes me no problem at all. Does anybody know what is destroyed in the UHT process that isn't destroyed in other processes?Retay44 14:49, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

Europe/Britain
I've separated out a "popularity" section and been slightly more precise with the figures. The "seven out of ten" Europe-wide figure is correct but also misleading: as I've mentioned, in France it's even more popular, whereas in the UK fresh milk is vastly more common. I'm British, and don't like the taste of UHT: people who actually prefer it to fresh milk (and there are some) might be considered slightly strange here. Loganberry (Talk) 14:50, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

...and "inefficient cool cabinets" in Spain, you are kidding right? and what for Belgium and France ? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.237.81.26 (talk) 22:51, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

"UHT milk is sold on American military bases in Puerto Rico and Korea due to limited availability of milk supplies and refrigeration." The cited newspaper article (in itself not an encyclopedic reference), this line is completely out of context, referring to a single BRAND. The source seems to indicate that limitations exist in Korea, because it sure isn't applicable to PR (where I live). VaughnSC (talk) 05:01, 30 April 2010 (UTC)

WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
This article talk page was automatically added with WikiProject Food and drink banner as it falls under Category:Food or one of its subcategories. If you find this addition an error, Kindly undo the changes and update the inappropriate categories if needed. The bot was instructed to tagg these articles upon consenus from WikiProject Food and drink. You can find the related request for tagging here. Maximum and carefull attention was done to avoid any wrongly tagging any categories, but mistakes may happen... If you have concerns, please inform on the project talk page -- TinucherianBot (talk) 16:34, 3 July 2008 (UTC) Actually UHT milk was first introduced to the United States in 1982 by Dairymen Inc. in a plant outside of Savannah, Ga.(11 Artley Road.) The Dairy co-op subsequently sold the plant to Hershey's USA. I worked there...I know. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 144.58.124.94 (talk) 19:54, 2 September 2008 (UTC)

UHT and Yogurt Making
One advantage to UHT milk is that it can be used to make yogurt without the need to scald the milk first. It can be used right out of the carton. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jeanatoe (talk • contribs) 16:52, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

How do they do it?
Perhaps not entirely relevant to the article, but I'd be interested to learn how they raise the temperature of a liquid which boils around 212f to 270f+. I'd also be interested to learn how they do it so quickly. Is it pressurized and run through a narrow tube? Or what? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.5.197.145 (talk) 11:27, 16 February 2012 (UTC)

Requested move 10 May 2016

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Not moved Mike Cline (talk) 12:45, 18 May 2016 (UTC)

Ultra-high-temperature processing → UHT milk – Every single sentence of this article is about UHT milk. McGeddon (talk) 13:18, 10 May 2016 (UTC)

 * Support the proposal or "ultra-pasteurized milk" per nom. The title should reflect the content of the article.  Since expanding beyond stub size around 10 years ago, it has always been almost exclusively about milk.  —  AjaxSmack   01:51, 11 May 2016 (UTC)

 * Oppose. In my view, it is the article's content that is lacking, not the title. I would really expect much more detail about technology, biochemistry and history of the process unrelated to the substance being treated. By re-titling it, we really kill the chance that someone will come up one day and fill those gaps. No such user (talk) 09:16, 11 May 2016 (UTC)
 * I agree but the article has been around for over a decade and no one has added said information yet. Best to have the title reflect what the article actually is and has been for years.  A move does not preclude a new article being created for UHT in general. —  AjaxSmack   22:33, 11 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Oppose. "UHT milk" is meaningless buzzword jargon to someone not already familiar enough with the topic that they may not even need to read the article, and it's against the MOS:ABBR principles, and against our general naming norms (see ECG and EKG redirecting to Electrocardiograph, GMO redirecting to Genetically-modified organism, MRI redirecting to magnetic resonance imaging, etc., etc., etc.) It also doesn't make any sense in this case; the milk itself is not ultra-high-temperature. Finally, the fact that the present content is all about milk processed this way simply means that the article needs to be expanded to a proper coverage level, this this sort of pasteurization isn't used  for milk.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  07:52, 13 May 2016 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

I support the above move request per the nomination and also WP:ACRONYMTITLE. UHT milk is a noteworthy subject in its own right (and it is rarely, if ever, called "ultra-high-temperature milk") and it is clearly the subject of this article,. No other UHT product is discussed, except in the opening sentence. Thanks — Amakuru (talk) 13:02, 18 May 2016 (UTC)
 * The second sentence in the lead leaves the door open for expansion or should be removed. --Mike Cline (talk) 13:08, 18 May 2016 (UTC)

I agree but the article has been around for over a decade and no one has added said information yet. There you go. I practice what I preach. Sometimes, at least. ;) No such user (talk) 15:47, 20 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your edits. I might of been guilty of WP:EXTORTION but the results are worthy.  —  AjaxSmack   22:46, 20 July 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ultra-high-temperature processing


text:
Anzia Yezierska

Anzia Yezierska (October 29, 1880 – November 20, 1970) was a Jewish-American novelist born in Mały Płock, Poland, which was then part of the Russian Empire. She emigrated as a child with her parents to the United States and lived in the immigrant neighborhood of the Lower East Side of Manhattan.

Personal life
Yezierska was born in the 1880s in Mały Płock to Bernard and Pearl Yezierski. Her family emigrated to America around 1893, following in the footsteps of her eldest brother, who had arrived in the States six years prior. They took up housing in the Lower East Side, Manhattan. Her family assumed the surname, Mayer, while Anzia took Harriet (or Hattie) as her first name. She later reclaimed her original name, Anzia Yezierska, in her late twenties. Her father was a scholar of Torah and sacred texts.

Anzia Yezierska's parents encouraged her brothers to pursue higher education but believed she and her sisters had to support the men.

In 1910 she fell in love with Arnold Levitas but instead married his friend Jacob Gordon, a New York attorney. After 6 months, the marriage was annulled. Shortly after, she married Arnold Levitas in a religious ceremony to avoid legal complications. Arnold was the father of her only child, Louise, born May 29, 1912.

Around 1914 Yezierska left Levitas and moved with her daughter to San Francisco. She worked as a social worker. Overwhelmed with the chores and responsibilities of raising her daughter, she gave up her maternal rights and transferred them to Levitas. In 1916, she and Levitas officially divorced.

She then moved back to New York City. Around 1917, she engaged in a romantic relationship with philosopher John Dewey, a professor at Columbia University. Both Dewey and Yezierska wrote about one another, alluding to the relationship.

After she had become independent, her sister encouraged her to pursue her interest in writing. She devoted the remainder of her life to it.

Yezierska was the aunt of American film critic Cecelia Ager. Ager's daughter became known as journalist Shana Alexander.

Anzia Yezierska died November 21, 1970, of a stroke in a nursing home in Ontario, California.

Writing career
Yezierska wrote about the struggles of Jewish and later Puerto Rican immigrants in New York's Lower East Side. In her fifty-year writing career, she explored the cost of acculturation and assimilation among immigrants. Her stories provide insight into the meaning of liberation for immigrants—particularly Jewish immigrant women. Many of her works of fiction can be labeled semi-autobiographical. In her writing, she drew from her life growing up as an immigrant in New York's Lower East Side. Her works feature elements of realism with attention to detail; she often has characters express themselves in Yiddish-English dialect. Her sentimentalism and highly idealized characters have prompted some critics to classify her works as romantic.

Yezierska turned to writing around 1912. Turmoil in her personal life prompted her to write stories focused on problems faced by wives. In the beginning, she had difficulty finding a publisher for her work. But her persistence paid off in December 1915 when her story, "The Free Vacation House" was published in The Forum. She attracted more critical attention about a year later when another tale, "Where Lovers Dream" appeared in Metropolitan. Her literary endeavors received more recognition when her rags-to-riches story, "The Fat of the Land," appeared in noted editor Edward J. O'Brien's collection, Best Short Stories of 1919. Yezierska's early fiction was eventually collected by publisher Houghton Mifflin and released as a book titled Hungry Hearts in 1920. Another collection of stories, Children of Loneliness, followed two years later. These stories focus on the children of immigrants and their pursuit of the American Dream.

Some literary critics argue that Yezierska's strength as an author was best found in her novels. Her first novel, Salome of the Tenements (1923), was inspired by her friend Rose Pastor Stokes. Stokes gained fame as a young immigrant woman when she married a wealthy young man of a prominent Episcopalian New York family in 1904.

Her most studied work is Bread Givers (1925). It explores the life of a young Jewish-American immigrant woman struggling to live from day to day while searching to find her place in American society. Bread Givers remains her best known novel.

Arrogant Beggar chronicles the adventures of narrator Adele Lindner. She exposes the hypocrisy of the charitably run Hellman Home for Working Girls after fleeing from the poverty of the Lower East Side.

In 1929–1930 Yezierska received a Zona Gale fellowship at the University of Wisconsin, which gave her a financial stipend. She wrote several stories and finished a novel while serving as a fellow. She published All I Could Never Be (1932) after returning to New York City.

The end of the 1920s marked a decline of interest in Yezierska's work. During the Great Depression, she worked for the Federal Writers Project of the Works Progress Administration. During this time, she wrote the novel, All I Could Never Be. Published in 1932, this work was inspired by her own struggles. As portrayed in the book, she identified as an immigrant and never felt truly American, believing native-born people had an easier time. It was the last novel Yezierska published before falling into obscurity.

Her fictionalized autobiography, Red Ribbon on a White Horse (1950), was published when she was nearly 70 years old. This revived interest in her work, as did the trend in the 1960s and 1970s to study literature by women. "The Open Cage" is one of Yezierska's bleakest stories, written during her later years of life. She began writing it in 1962 at the age of 81. It compares the life of an old woman to that of an ailing bird.

Although she was nearly blind, Yezierska continued writing. She had stories, articles, and book reviews published until her death in California in 1970.

Yezierska and Hollywood
The success of Anzia Yezierska's early short stories led to a brief, but significant, relationship between the author and Hollywood. Movie producer Samuel Goldwyn bought the rights to Yezierska's collection Hungry Hearts. The silent film of the same title (1922) was shot on location at New York's Lower East Side with Helen Ferguson, E. Alyn Warren, and Bryant Washburn. In recent years, the film was restored through the efforts of the National Center for Jewish Film, the Samuel Goldwyn Company, and the British Film Institute; in 2006, a new score was composed to accompany it. The San Francisco Jewish Film Festival showed the restored print in July 2010. Yezierska's 1923 novel Salome of the Tenements was adapted and produced as a silent film of the same title (1925).

Recognizing the popularity of Yezierska's stories, Goldwyn gave the author a $100,000 contract to write screenplays. In California, her success led her to be called by publicists, "the sweatshop Cinderella." She was uncomfortable with being touted as an example of the American Dream. Frustrated by the shallowness of Hollywood and by her own alienation, Yezierska returned to New York in the mid-1920s. She continued publishing novels and stories about immigrant women struggling to establish their identities in America.

Works by Anzia Yezierska

 * We Go Forth All To See America – A Vignette (Judaica, Jewish Literature) (1920)
 * Hungry Hearts (short stories, 1920)
 * The Lost Beautifulness (1922)
 * Salome of the Tenements
 * Children of Loneliness (short stories, 1923)
 * Bread Givers: a struggle between a father of the Old World and a daughter of the New (novel, 1925)
 * Arrogant Beggar (novel, 1927)
 * All I Could Never Be (novel, 1932)
 * The Open Cage: An Anzia Yezierska Collection edited by Alice Kessler Harris (New York: Persea Books, 1979) ISBN 978-0-89255-035-7.
 * Red Ribbon on a White Horse: My Story (autobiographical novel, 1950) (ISBN 978-0-89255-124-8)
 * How I Found America: Collected Stories (short stories, 1991) (ISBN 978-0-89255-160-6)

Biography

 * Sara R. Horowitz, Anzia Yezierska, Jewish Women Encyclopedia
 * Short Biography
 * Jewish Virtual Library Anzia Yezierska
 * Biography of Anzia Yezierska
 * American Passages

Others

 * Anzia Yezierska at the Women Film Pioneers Project
 * undergraduate paper on (amongst others) Yezierska's The Fat of the Land
 * Hungry Hearts Credits
 * Study guide at Georgetown
 * In America, a female sweatshop worker from a Polish shtetl could become a renowned writer and Hollywood commodity
 * A Women Make Movies Documentary on Anzia Yezierska: Sweatshop Cinderella
 * Valerie-Kristin Piehslinger: Portrayals of Urban Jewish Communities in U.S. American and Canadian Immigrant Fiction in Selected Texts by Anzia Yezierska and Adele Wiseman. AV Akademikerverlag, Saarbrücken 2013 ISBN 9783639463538

title: Anzia Yezierska


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