text:
User talk:Jpittman

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

Tutorial Help desk Foundation issues Policy Library Utilities Cite your sources Verifiability Wikiquette Civility Conflict resolution Brilliant prose Neutral point of view Pages needing attention Peer review Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense Village pump Boilerplate text IRC channel Mailing lists Current polls Be Bold! Sam

Welcome!
About Cocaine Anonymous, thanks for the Wikilove! Glad you're here. It's not everyone who has expertise in both Druidcraft and medical billing. :) It's always gratifying when someone works on requested articles and stubs. Thanks! (P.S. I love Matthew Fox's writings. I'll see if I can help flesh-out the article soon.) Quadell (talk) 02:58, Sep 14, 2004 (UTC)

Tolkien, Middle-earth, and Morgoth
First, as for reading, I would suggest Unfinished Tales, which contains some excellent stories. It will also give you a taste for the kind of material in the History of Middle-earth volumes.

As for Morgoth, this is something that comes out in the later volumes, especially Morgoth's Ring (I think that's where it is, anyway). In the Silmarillion, the impression is that Morgoth is immensely more powerful than Sauron, his lieutenant, but it later turns out that while Melkor was indeed very powerful, probably the most power of the Valar, he diluted his power by spreading it throughout Arda, thus marring the entire earth. This actually makes Melkor relatively more powerful than you might suppose from the Silmarillion, but that power isn't directly accessible to him, so in effect he seems less powerful. (Similar to what later happens with Sauron and the One Ring.)

Does that help? [[User:Aranel|Aranel ("Sarah")]] 15:38, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Quite a bit actually. I think that I will definitely take a look at Unfinished Tales. Thanks for the answer. Lots of wikilove to ya! Cheers. --Jpittman 20:20, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Reply to question about Jasmine_(Angel) edit
Hi there,

I think you might be misreading the history page. I didn't cut the sentence about Jasmine controlling the populace, I added it in. You're right about mine control being mispelled though, so I fixed that up.

Boston Meetup
Come join us tomorrow night. It should be fun! WP:MB +sj + 17:49, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * another one
 * And tomorrow at Boloco in Harvard Square :-) +sj + 17:56, 7 May 2006 (UTC)

The Humungous Image Tagging Project
Hi. You've helped with the WikiProject Wiki Syntax, so I thought it worth alerting you to the latest and greatest of Wikipedia fixing project, User:Yann/Untagged Images, which is seeking to put copyright tags on all of the untagged images. There are probably, oh, thirty thousand or so to do (he said, reaching into the air for a large figure). But hey: they're images ... you'll get to see lots of random pretty pictures. That must be better than looking for at at and the the, non? You know you'll love it. best wishes --Tagishsimon (talk)

The Last Mimzy plot
Jpittman, I really liked the amount of detail and your description. Nicely written. For some format ideas on what some good movie plot synopses look like (at least I think so - lol), check out The Prestige (film), Children of Men and Gremlins 2: The New Batch (todays Featured Article. I'll take a stab at it as well. Thanks for helping out with the article. Happy editing!

—  Jim Dunning  talk  : 20:11, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I liked what you wrote very much. I haven't seen the movie, so your synopsis gave me quite a bit of information to work with. I condensed as much as I could in one pass, and hope I haven't taken out crucial points. Since I haven't seen the movie (only read the short story), I also had to guess at some things, so please fix what's needed. Do not be offended by my edits -- I can be rather ruthless, especially when word count is already relatively high. I hope this helps. You can find the revision in my Sandbox. Go ahead and make any changes you want to there, and then it can be copied over to the article whenever you feel it is ready.

Double-check all wikilinks. There are a couple points that need clearing up still. I'll tell you where I had questions later when I get some more time. You might start thinking about a Themes section now and look at incorporating the "differences" from story material in there or the Production section. Let me know if you have any questions.

 * —  Jim Dunning  talk  : 19:02, 6 April 2007 (UTC)

 * JPittman, I went ahead and moved the revised copy from Sandbox to The Last Mimzy because another editor was getting industrious and I didn't want him/her to blindly spend a lot of time making good, but small, edits on copy that was going to be replaced anyways. See brief discussion here — User talk:LegitimateAndEvenCompelling.  —   Jim Dunning  talk  : 00:21, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

Poker Player Notability
The WP:POKER is discussing what we believe constitutes notability for poker players. We have a proposal on our talk page, if you'd like to chime in, please do so here.Balloonman (talk) 09:59, 27 November 2007 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Jpittman


text:
Ruled paper

Ruled paper (or lined paper) is writing paper printed with lines as a guide for handwriting. The lines often are printed with fine width and in light colour and such paper is sometimes called feint-ruled paper. Additional vertical lines may provide margins, act as tab stops or create a grid for plotting data; for example, graph paper (squared paper or grid paper) is divided into squares by horizontal and vertical lines.

History
Initially, paper was ruled by hand, sometimes using templates. Scribes could rule their paper using a "hard point," a sharp implement which left embossed lines on the paper without any ink or color, or could use "metal point," an implement which left colored marks on the paper, much like a graphite pencil, though various other metals were used.

On 15 June 1770, English inventor John Tetlow patented a "machine for ruling paper for music and other purposes." A later machine was invented by William Orville Hickok in the mid-19th century.

Generic types
Lines on ruled paper provide a guide to help users keep their writing or drawing consistent with a predetermined set of rules. The ruling layout is not determined by the paper size but by the purpose, style of handwriting or the language used. Many different line layouts support handwriting, calligraphy, plotting data on graphs, musical notation or help teach students to write in a particular language or script. The following are common examples:

 * Note paper (or Writing paper, Filler paper, Loose leaf paper, Binder paper) is typically used for handwriting and is produced in different layouts and sizes. The layout usually consists of evenly spaced horizontal lines, or feints, with vertical lines drawn to indicate margins, the middle of the page, or sections of a line.
 * Graph paper has horizontal and vertical lines evenly spaced over the entire page to create a grid of squares and is used for drafting, drawing and plotting graphs. Often every tenth or fifth line is bolded to assist in counting the lines when plotting data.
 * Quadrille ruled paper (or quad paper) is similar to graph paper but without the bolded tenth lines. It is useful in mathematics to keep numbers in columns when doing manual operations such as long division or long multiplication, and in spreadsheets or accounts.
 * Semi-log ruled paper is similar to quadrille ruled, except the horizontal lines are spaced according to the logarithmic scale instead of being evenly spaced.
 * Log-log ruled paper is similar to semi-log ruled except that both the horizontal and vertical lines are spaced logarithmically.
 * Manuscript paper is used for handwriting music. The most basic page is laid out with a series of five-line staves, each spanning the width of the page. Any musical notation (clefs, bars, notes, etc.) may be written in as desired by the artist. As notebook paper is to the written word, music manuscript paper is to the written score.

Regional standards
Regional standards exist for ruling layouts, particularly for academic or government clerical purposes.

China
Elementary students use (田字格) Tianzige ruled paper, featuring boxes for individual characters. Sometimes each box is subdivided (vertically, horizontally, diagonally) as reference to aid the writer with the relative proportion and placement of character components.

In Taiwan, the Japanese genkō yōshi is the main form of rule used by students writing in Mandarin, where it is called 原稿紙. Students use the thin vertical column to transcribe Bopomofo pronunciation.

France

In order to foster handwriting discipline, a type of ruling known as Seyès ruling is used on paper in schools. Heavy vertical lines are spaced 8 mm apart, beginning 16 mm from the left-hand edge of the page. Three lighter lines are spaced 2 mm apart between each pair of heavy lines. These sheets of paper are generally known as grands carreaux (large tiles) as opposed to the petits carreaux (small tiles) which are 5 × 5mm. Seyès ruled paper is available in single sheets (copies simples) or joined double sheets (copies doubles), which can be preferred for exams, being easier to handle (a single sheet can be lost, they might be used as a portfolio to store more sheets, etc). Seyès ruled paper is available in A4 size (grand format) and in the very school specific 170 × 220 mm format (petit format).

Germany
DIN 16552:1977-04 ("Lines for handwriting") specifies the types of ruled paper to be used by school pupils.

India
Ruled paper exercise notebooks is available in a variety of semi-standardized formats:
 * Double ruled paper commonly two rules in 15 mm spacing
 * Four ruled paper similar to Handwriting Paper
 * Single ruled paper commonly 8 mm
 * Squared maths paper a 5 mm square grid

Japan
Among others, genkō yōshi (原稿用紙, "manuscript paper") is a kind of paper mainly used for kanji script writing, formed vertically with individual boxes for each Chinese character. There is a thin column to the right of the boxes, for transcribing kana pronunciation. The sizes can vary for ability levels. It is used across the East Asian cultural sphere, for example in Korea for writing proverbs.

New Zealand
New Zealand standard for school stationery, 1984 specifies standards for ruled and unruled paper.

Russia
Formats for exercise notebooks are standardised. School exercise books must use 8 mm spacing between the lines. Other ruled paper may use 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm and 9 mm spacing. The paper for cursive writing uses pairs of lines 4 mm apart, with 8 mm between the pairs. They may also have angled lines at 65 degrees to vertical to provide additional guidance. The lines can have gray, blue, green or purple color. The vertical margin line must have red or orange color.

South Africa
A4 Ruled/Ledger Paper: 8 mm line height; 2 cm left margin. Top and bottom margins may vary. Often sold as "college exercise books" or "exam pads".

United States
Ruled paper is available in a variety of semi-standardized formats:
 * Gregg ruled paper has ruling specialized for stenography. "Paper should be smooth and lined, dull in finish, with three lines to the inch and a line down the center."
 * Junior legal ruled paper is found on 5-by-8-inch junior legal pads. This can be equal to narrow or medium rule, depending on the manufacturer.
 * Manuscript ruled paper is used to teach young children how to write. A blank sheet consists of rows of three lines (the space between them depends on the age group being taught) with the middle line in each three-line set being dotted. The D'Nealian writing style is a well-known teaching method that makes use of this type of paper ruling. Another educational institution, A Beka Book, utilizes this ruling along with a house metaphor (upstairs, downstairs, and basement) to help young children learn where parts of each letter should be written. The usage is similar in concept to the use of the horizontal lines on French Seyès rule paper.
 * Medium ruled (or college ruled) paper has 9/32 in spacing between horizontal lines, with a vertical margin drawn about 1+1/4 in from the left-hand edge of the page. Its use is very common in the United States.
 * Narrow ruled paper has $1/4$ in (8/32 in) spacing between ruling lines, and is used by those with smaller handwriting or to fit more lines per page.
 * Pitman ruled paper has ruling specialized for stenography. It has 1/2 in spacing between ruling lines, with a single margin drawn down the center of the page.
 * Wide ruled (or legal ruled) paper has 11/32 in spacing between horizontal lines, with a vertical margin drawn about 1+1/4 in from the left-hand edge of the page. It is commonly used by American children in grade school, as well as by those with larger handwriting.

United Kingdom
There appears to be no British Standard. However, the line spacing for adult ruled paper is most commonly 8 mm and squared maths paper has a 5 mm grid. There is specialist handwriting paper available for primary schools ("Education standard Learn to Write Exercise books") and a British Standard BS4448 ("Specification for school exercise books and papers"). You can find ruled paper at 15 mm spacing and squared maths paper at 10 mm spacing. Anything above primary school tends to use adult ruling.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Ruled paper


text:
Talk:History of mental disorders

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Tmgonzalez.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 23:38, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Questionable Source; Crossing Dialogues?
Citation 50 says Aragona, Massimiliano (2009). "The concept of mental disorder and the DSM-V" (PDF). Dialogues in Philosophy, Mental and Neuro Sciences. 2:

And is linking to " http://www.crossingdialogues.com/Ms-A08-02.pdf "

One odd thing I noticed is the page looks like the following

http://i.imgur.com/Y9l5rLb.jpg

It appears the page might be hacked and/or is currently being squatted. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.58.218.88 (talk) 20:21, 12 September 2016 (UTC)
 * ✅ Apparently, it was a temporary problem. The site works fine now. —Shelley V. Adams ‹blame credit › 15:19, 24 December 2016 (UTC)

Dates/Scope
This article appears to imply that Islam started around 600 BC, which is off by roughly 1,200 years. It started around 600 AD, way after the Judaic Babylonian exile. Also, could use some updating to provide history after the middle ages. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Whooper (talk • contribs) 00:24, 7 August 2004 (UTC)
 * That struck me as odd too. I modified the opening sentence there to relflect that. Midas 13:33, 12 May 2005 (UTC)

What about other societies? Medieval Europe, Africa, Americas, Far East? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.146.141.164 (talk) 19:03, 7 May 2006 (UTC)

I am interested in adding information to this article, especially in areas where there is only a couple of sentences, such as China. China only has information on mental disorders dating from 1849, and there is definitely information earlier than that date. Does anyone have any ideas or suggestions for me? Tmgonzalez (talk) 16:25, 31 March 2017 (UTC)

Quality
This article requires some heavy revision. There's more here on irrelevant ancient religions (irrelevant to the topic, that is), than there is on modern approaches to mental health. I don't know enough to improve it, but I know that there is a lot missing here. --Nasajin 20:31, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Expertise
Like Nasajin, I don't know enough to restructure the article or dismiss some of the more specific claims, but I know enough to know that classical Greece was not after ancient Islam and that Islam was not born in the 6th century BC. I removed these fallacies. Kyle Pena 05:54, 16 January 2007 (UTC)

Importance
Though the quality of this article is very poor at present, surely the topic is of high importance? Should perhaps be tagged as needing expert attention. Dimwight 12:51, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

Text from major depressive disorder article
I have removed the following from the too-long article:

Between 150 and 200 AD, Aretaeus of Cappadocia noted that sufferers were "dull or stern; dejected or unreasonably torpid, without any manifest cause". Although humoral theory fell out of favor in some quarters, it was later revived in Greece and the Roman Empire when Galen proposed that melancholy was caused by "animal spirits". Such accounts show similarities to more modern concepts that developed from the 19th century. Prominence was given to a clustering of sadness, dejection, and despondency symptoms, but also often included fear, anger, delusions and obsessions.

Galen's ideas about medicine dominated Western medical thinking from the medieval era until the Renaissance, in part because the Catholic church supported them. In addition to viewing mental illness through the lens of Galen's "four humors", medieval Europeans viewed mental illness as the entry of demons or evil spirits into the body and either a punishment for sin or a test of faith and character. The Franciscan monk Bartholomeus Anglicus (ca. 1203–1272) described a condition which resembles depression in his encyclopedia, De Proprietatibis Rerum, and he suggested that music would help people with this condition. In Christian settings, a spiritual malaise called "acedia" (sloth or absence of caring) was described, involving low spirits and lethargy, especially related to isolation. It was viewed as a "spiritual disease", vice, or "undesirable trait of character".

Assessment comment
Substituted at 18:02, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of mental disorders


text:
User talk:Whooper

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I thought useful:

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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Be Bold!

Sam [Spade] 00:25, 7 Aug 2004 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Whooper


text:
VOCM (AM)

VOCM is an AM radio station in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, broadcasting at 590 kHz. Owned by Stingray Group, VOCM first went on the air on October 19, 1936. Through the "VOCM/Big Land FM Radio Network" of stations owned by Stingray, VOCM programming is carried throughout the province.

VOCM and its sister station VOCM-FM are among the four radio stations in Canada having call signs beginning with the prefix VO, the ITU prefix issued to the Dominion of Newfoundland before its confederation into Canada in 1949. The other two, VOWR and VOAR-FM, also broadcast in St. John's; all but VOCM-FM predate the confederation. VOCM-FM adopted the callsign in 1982 because of its corporate association with VOCM; all three of the others signed on before 1949, while Newfoundland was still a dominion, and were allowed to keep the "VO" call signs despite the end of Newfoundland's sovereignty. During the time when the United States had bases in Newfoundland and Labrador, the American Forces Radio and Television Service operated radio station with the "VO" call signs including the last - VOUS in Argentia, which closed in the late 1960s. The rest of Canada's radio stations use call signs of CB (for the CBC), CF, CH, CI, CJ and CK. VOCM 590 kHz is frequently audible in Western Europe after nightfall, usually ahead of other long distance North American AM station reception.

Stingray also owns a number of other AM stations in Newfoundland and Labrador that use VOCM as their main or secondary brand. These stations all have C callsigns.

History
VOCM was started by Walter Banks Williams III, and his father in the family home at 80 Circular Road in St. John's. Williams was very interested in radio, and had attended training at the RCA and the Radio Training Schools in the United States.

On December 22, 1933, Williams (through his company, Atlantic Broadcasting Co.) was issued a licence by the Newfoundland Post and Telegraph Department to operate a station from the second floor of the aforementioned family home. With the transmitter and other equipment built by Williams, VOCM began operations as an experimental father-son station operating only a few hours a day. The station's antenna was built in the backyard and the technical equipment was placed in a backroom on the main floor. VOCM had truly been a family affair for some time; Walter's son, Walter David Williams, later joined him in working long hours at the radio station for many years.

Later in 1937, Joseph Butler joined Williams as a partner in VOCM radio, through Colonial Broadcasting System Ltd. In 1954, Butler died in a plane accident, and in 1958 Joseph Butler Jr. acquired control of the company. Williams continued to work with the company until 1972, two years before his death in 1974.

In 1982, Colonial Broadcasting System changed its name to VOCM Radio Newfoundland Ltd. By this time the company had established a network of stations throughout eastern and central Newfoundland, as well as a sister FM station, VOCM-FM.

In May 2000, the assets of VOCM Radio were acquired by Harry Steele's company Newfoundland Capital Corporation, which now operates the stations as part of the Steele Communications division of Newcap Radio.

As of September 2016, VOCM network stations CHCM in Marystown and CKVO in Clarenville went off the air and now simulcast VOCM full-time.

As of March 9, 2022, VOCM network stations CFCB in Corner Brook and CKGA in Gander began simulcasting VOCM full-time.

Talk shows
VOCM programming includes talk shows such as Open Line with Paddy Daly, and On Target with Linda Swain, where Newfoundland and Labrador-related issues are discussed with callers and emails/tweets sent to the station are read and discussed. These programs are well-known and often perform highly in the radio ratings province-wide, these shows are generally considered to be non-partisan and are not driven by the hosts' personalities, unlike the majority of contemporary North American talk radio programs.

During the late 1990s, the VOCM network experimented with syndicated talk programming in the form of the Dr. Laura Schlessinger show, which aired on tape delay in the early evening. As with most Canadian stations airing the program, it was quietly dropped shortly after a Canadian Broadcast Standards Council ruling admonishing the host for making comments the CBSC claimed were discriminatory. While VOCM continues to air some short syndicated features and occasionally brokered programming (i.e. infomercials) on Sunday mornings, it does not regularly air other extended-length syndicated programming.

Recent Years
On December 1, 2016, VOCM expanded its talk programming to include syndicated programs such as Coast to Coast AM as well as shows that feature experts in the fields of finance, real estate and renewable energy sources. In addition, Tim Powers had his own show on VOCM that aired Fridays at 6:00 p.m. with a repeat at 2:00 on Sunday afternoons. Unlike Open Line, BackTalk or NightLine, Tim interviewed various individuals to go beyond the headlines. Conversations with John Moore. This show featured the CFRB personality interviewing celebrities, authors, athletes and others from a wide range of subject areas.

As time progressed, the expansion of talk radio was met with negative feedback from its listeners, even taking to social media and expressing their anger over the change (including the lack of music). Therefore, since August 21, 2017, VOCM has reverted to its Full Service format, reincorporating music in its programming.

Sports
VOCM's play-by-play sports coverage is currently limited to the Royal St. John's Regatta every August, and in some cases the Herder Memorial Trophy championship games. The VOCM network had carried the games of the American Hockey League's St. John's Maple Leafs throughout the 1990s; however, coverage was dropped around the start of the 2000s, since the team's fortunes were declining somewhat, and coverage interfered with the station's more successful talk programming.

VOCM does not typically broadcast play-by-play coverage of out-of-market sports events, unlike most other full-service or news-talk stations in medium-sized Canadian markets, again since it would interfere with live talk programming.

Music
Outside of its talk programming, VOCM previously used a current country format, having adopted that format in mid-2002 shortly after sister station CKIX-FM dropped country music. Before that, the St. John's station had aired a mix of soft adult contemporary and classic hits, veering more towards the latter since CJYQ's flip to Newfoundland music in 2000; however, most VOCM network stations had carried a country format since at least the early 1990s.

VOCM is noteworthy for switching to an all-Christmas music format every year running until the playing of "Auld Lang Syne" at New Years Eve. The Christmas music typically starts on the day of the yearly Dial-a-Carol event in late November. Dial-a-Carol is an annual fundraising effort by VOCM's charity, the VOCM Cares Foundation, where listeners call in to make pledges and request their favourite Christmas songs be played. It is often commented on-air how overwhelming the requests are for Jim Reeves' "Old Christmas Card", sometimes having to play it multiple times per hour.

On April 14, 2015 at 10:00p.m., VOCM, without notice, shifted its country format over to CJYQ and returned to its pre-2002 format of soft AC and classic hits, playing soft to medium tempo hits focusing on popular music from the 1970s to the mid-80s. Examples of artists featured under the new format include Glass Tiger, Billy Joel, The Human League, Foreigner, Berlin and Bob Seger.

Other specific programs include: Your VOCM Mornings, which carries a variety of information features (such as school information); the Saturday Night Cabin Party with Brian O'Connell, which is devoted to classic country music from the 1960s to the 1990s; and the VOCM Saturday Morning Irish Newfoundland Show with Greg Smith, playing Newfoundland music.

title: VOCM (AM)


text:
Alex (A Clockwork Orange)

Alex is a fictional character in Anthony Burgess' novel A Clockwork Orange and Stanley Kubrick's film adaptation of the same name, in which he is played by Malcolm McDowell. In the book, Alex's surname is not stated. In the film, however, Kubrick chose it to be DeLarge, a reference to Alex calling himself The Large in the novel. Later on in the film, two newspaper articles print his name as "Alex Burgess", a reference to Anthony Burgess. In addition to the book and film, Alex was portrayed by Vanessa Claire Smith in the ARK Theatre Company's multimedia adaptation of A Clockwork Orange, directed by Brad Mays.

Character overview
Alex is the narrator in the novel A Clockwork Orange. The character is portrayed as a thrill-seeking sociopath who robs, rapes, and assaults innocent people for his own amusement. Intellectually, he knows that such behaviour is morally wrong, saying that "you can't have a society with everybody behaving in my manner of the night". He nevertheless professes to be puzzled by the motivations of those who wish to reform him and others like him, saying that he would never interfere with their desire to be good; he simply "goes to the other shop".

He speaks Nadsat, a teenage slang created by author Anthony Burgess. The language is based on largely English and Russian words, but also borrows from other sources such as Cockney rhyming slang, Romani speech, and schoolboy colloquialisms. His beverage of choice is milk spiked with various drugs, which he and his fellow gang members ("droogs") drink to fortify themselves for "ultraviolence". Alex is very fond of classical music, particularly Ludwig van Beethoven, whom he habitually refers to as "Ludwig Van". While listening to this music, he fantasises about endless rampages of rape, torture and slaughter. Alex's favourite melee weapon is a "cut-throat britva", or straight razor.

Character biography
Alex lives with his parents in a block of flats in a dystopian England in which his brand of "ultraviolence" is common. At the age of 15, he is already a veteran of state reform institutions; in the film, he is somewhat older. He spends his days skipping school and listening to music, and his nights terrorizing the neighborhood with his "droogs" Georgie, Pete, and Dim. While the youngest of his gang, he is the most intelligent, and designates himself as the leader. Georgie resents his high-handedness, and begins plotting against him along with the rest of the gang. One night, the gang breaks into a woman's house, and Alex assaults and kills her by ramming her face with a sculpture of a penis and testicles (in the book it is a bust of Beethoven). As Alex flees from the house after hearing police sirens, Dim hits him with a milk bottle (his chain in the book) and the gang leaves him to be arrested. Alex is found guilty of murder and sentenced to 14 years in prison.

Over the next two years, Alex is a model prisoner, endearing himself to the prison chaplain by studying the Bible. He is especially fond of the passages in the Old Testament portraying torture and murder. Eventually, prison officials recommend him for the Ludovico Technique, an experimental forced re-education treatment designed to eliminate criminal impulses. During the treatment, prison doctors inject him with nausea-inducing drugs and make him watch films portraying murder, torture and rape. The treatment conditions him to associate violent thoughts and feelings with sickness. Alex is particularly affected by watching footage of Nazi war crimes set to Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, one of his favourite pieces of music; as a result, he can no longer hear it without feeling sick.

His sentence is commuted to time served, and he is released. Once he returns to society, however, he finds that the treatment worked too well: any thought of violence brings him to his knees with pain, and he cannot defend himself. His parents have rented out his room, he is brutalised by his former victims, and beaten by Georgie (Billy Boy in the novel) and Dim, who are now police officers.

He collapses in front of an old house, owned by a writer the government considers "subversive". The writer is one of the gang's victims, but he does not recognise Alex, who had been wearing a mask as he and his friends beat the man and gang-raped his wife, who later died of pneumonia the writer believes was exacerbated by her ordeal. When Alex tells him of his plight, the writer promises to help him. However, the writer realises who Alex is upon hearing him singing "Singin' in the Rain", the very song he had sung while raping his wife (in the book, he recognizes Alex's voice and speech patterns). He drugs Alex and forces him to listen to the Ninth Symphony, which causes Alex so much pain that he attempts suicide by jumping out of the window.

He survives, but is badly injured, and wakes up in a state hospital. His parents take him back and the government, smarting from the bad publicity, gives him a well-paying job where he can channel his naturally-violent tendencies against the enemies of the state. The effects of the Ludovico Technique have worn off, and Alex is his old, ultraviolent self again: "I was cured, all right".

While the film ends here, the novel features an additional chapter in which Alex, now a few years older, has outgrown his sociopathy. While his new "droogs" commit crime sprees, Alex sits them out, as he has lost interest in violence. When he runs into Pete at a coffee shop and learns he got married, Alex begins to think about starting a family, but worries that his children will inherit his violent tendencies.

Reception
The American Film Institute rated Alex the 12th-greatest film villain of all time. Empire magazine selected Alex as the 42nd-greatest movie character of all time, and Wizard magazine rated Alex the 36th-greatest villain of all time. Malcolm McDowell's performance has been widely acclaimed by critics. McDowell was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama, and some consider his failure to receive a Best Actor nomination at the Academy Awards a major snub. In 2008, his performance was ranked #100 on Premier magazine's "100 Greatest Performances of All Time."

In 2004, Vanessa Claire Smith won LA Weekly's Leading Female Performance award for her gender-bending performance in the stage production of A Clockwork Orange.

title: Alex (A Clockwork Orange)


text:
Aaron A. Sargent

Aaron Augustus Sargent (September 28, 1827 – August 14, 1887) was an American journalist, lawyer, politician and diplomat. In 1878, Sargent historically introduced what would later become the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, giving women the right to vote. He was sometimes called the "Senator for the Southern Pacific Railroad".

Early life and education
Born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, he attended the common schools and then was apprenticed to a cabinetmaker. In his youth, he worked as a printer in Philadelphia and then, in 1847, moved to Washington, D.C., where he was a secretary to a Congressman.

Career
He moved to California in 1849 and settled in Nevada City in 1850. There he was on the staff of the Nevada Daily Journal, eventually becoming that newspaper's owner. He was admitted to the California bar in 1854 and began practicing in Nevada City, becoming district attorney for Nevada County in 1856. He served in the California Senate in 1856.

Congress
Sargent was elected as a Republican to the 37th Congress; skipped several terms and was reelected to the 41st and 42nd Congresses. In 1861 he was the author of the first Pacific Railroad Act that was passed in Congress.

He was elected to the United States Senate and served from 1873 to 1879. During his time in the Senate, he was chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Mines and Mining during the 44th Congress and chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Naval Affairs during the 45th Congress.

Women's rights
In January 1878, Senator Sargent introduced the 29 words that would later become the 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution, allowing women the right to vote. Sargent's wife, Ellen Clark Sargent, was a leading voting rights advocate and a friend of such suffrage leaders as Susan B. Anthony. The bill calling for the amendment would be introduced unsuccessfully each year for the next forty years.

Ambassador to Germany
Sargent returned to California in 1880. After leaving the Senate he practiced law in San Francisco for three years, leaving to become United States Ambassador to Germany for two years, and held office until German authorities excluded American pork from the German Empire which made his position personally distasteful. He turned down the appointment of Ambassador to Russia after William H. Hunt's death and made an unsuccessful attempt for the Republican nomination for the Senate in 1885.

Death and legacy
He died in San Francisco in 1887. His original interment at Laurel Hill Cemetery in San Francisco, which closed by 1941. According to Sargent's descendants, A.A. Sargent's ashes were spread over the placer mine he had in Nevada City and a monument to him may be found in the old Pioneer Cemetery in Nevada City.

Sargent was a noted proponent of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, arguing in Overland Monthly in support of exclusion and for the renewal of the 1882 Exclusion Act after its expiration in 1892. The Chinese Exclusion Act was eventually renewed in 1892, and again—indefinitely—in 1902, staying in effect until 1943.

title: Aaron A. Sargent


text:
City rights in the Low Countries

City rights are a feature of the medieval history of the Low Countries. A liege lord, usually a count, duke or similar member of the high nobility, granted to a town or village he owned certain town privileges that places without city rights did not have.

In Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, a town, often proudly, calls itself a city if it obtained a complete package of city rights at some point in its history. Its current population is not relevant, so there are some very small cities. The smallest is Staverden in the Netherlands, with 40 inhabitants. In Belgium, Durbuy is the smallest city, whilst the smallest in Luxembourg is Vianden.

Overview
When forced by financial problems, feudal landlords offered for sale privileges to settlements from around 1000. The total package of these comprises town privileges.

Such sales raised (non-recurrent) revenue for the feudal lords, in exchange for the loss of power. Over time, the landlords sold more and more privileges. This resulted in a shift of power within the counties and duchies in the Low Countries from the aristocracy to the bourgeoisie, starting in Flanders. Some of these cities even developed into city-states. The growing economic and military power concentrating in the cities led to a very powerful class of well-to-do merchants and traders.

Common City rights
Privileges Freedoms Governance
 * Defensive walls (the right to erect a defence wall around an inhabited area)
 * Market right (the right to hold markets and receive income from them)
 * Staple right (the right to store and exclusively trade particular goods, often only granted to a few cities)
 * Toll right (the right to charge tolls)
 * Mint right (the right to mint city coinage)
 * Taxation (the right to levy taxes)
 * Weighing (the right to organize official weighing: cargo, livestock, produce, building material, trading goods etc.)
 * Personal freedom (citizens had a relative degree of personal freedom in comparison to citizens of rural areas: they were not subject to the liege lord and had freedom of mobility) – Hence the old saying "Stadslucht maakt vrij" ('City air makes free').
 * Self-governance (Well-to-do citizens could sometimes elect local government officials)
 * Judiciary and law-making (Within its boundaries the city could have a great degree of autonomy)

Modern era
Note several of the following were first granted city rights during the medieval period.

Rights granted to the cities of the present-day Netherlands
The first community in the contemporary Kingdom of the Netherlands to receive city rights was Deventer in 956. It can be argued that some cities have older rights: for instance Nijmegen may have been granted city status during the Roman Empire. Another case is Voorburg, which is built on the site of the Roman settlement Forum Hadriani and was granted city status in about AD 151, but was abandoned in the late 3rd century: thus the current settlement is not considered an uninterrupted continuation of the Roman city. At the end of the Middle Ages, the number of grants of city status fell dramatically.

The strong position of merchants and traders allowed the Netherlands to become the first modern republic in the 16th century.

End of city rights
The institution of city status gradually came to an end with the development and centralization of a national government. In the Netherlands the last city to receive real city rights (as defined above) was Willemstad in 1586. During the Dutch Republic, only Blokzijl gained city rights (in 1672). After the Batavian Revolution in 1795, municipalities were styled after the French model and city rights were abolished by law. Although partially restored after 1813, cities did not fully regain the authority they had previously had: law-making and the judiciary had become part of the state. After the Constitution of 1848 and the Municipal Law of 1851, the differences between the legal privileges of cities, towns, and villages were permanently erased.

In the early 19th century, when several important towns (especially The Hague) wanted to call themselves cities, the custom of granting city status was briefly revived. The last grant of city status in the Netherlands was to Delfshaven in 1825. But the city status granted during this period was quite different from the privileges bestowed in the Middle Ages, and were merely symbolic. This is also the case for cities such as The Hague and Assen, which received their status during the Napoleonic period.

title: City rights in the Low Countries


text:
User:Zippedmartin

Articles I wanna start:
 * Hitoshi Tomizawa
 * Nansō Satomi Hakkenden

Articles I was gonna start, but someone else was less lazy:
 * The Hakkenden
 * Yōtōden

Articles I did start, and now need to make suck less:
 * J.C.STAFF
 * Alien Nine

Articles I intend to do stuff on:
 * Anime
 * Trigun
 * Madhouse

ja:User:ラル fr:User:Rar

title: User:Zippedmartin


text:
Kirkham

Kirkham may refer to:

Places

 * Kirkham, Lancashire, England
 * Kirkham, North Yorkshire, England
 * Kirkham, New South Wales, Australia
 * Kirkham (HM Prison), a prison in Lancashire, England
 * Kirkham Priory
 * Kirkham House

Other uses

 * Kirkham (surname)
 * Curtiss 18 T, a World War I triplane also known as 'The Kirkham'.

title: Kirkham


text:
George Washington Hockley

George Washington Hockley (1802 – June 6, 1854) was a Texas revolutionary who served as secretary of war for the Republic of Texas.

Hockley was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His parents were Thomas Hockley (1764-1805), a Philadelphia merchant, and his wife Mary Wescott (1764-1848). In the above-mentioned recollections of Mr. Howard, he states that then-Major Hockley was an executor of his aunt Patience Wescott of Philadelphia; she had owned 32,500 acres of land in Tipton County, Tennessee.

Hockley, serving in the Texas Army as a colonel, was in charge of the Twin Sisters at the decisive Battle of San Jacinto.

He was the secretary of war for the Republic of Texas during the first and second administrations of the new President Sam Houston. He served briefly in 1838 and again from 1841 to 1842.

In 1843, Houston selected Hockley to serve as a military representative of a Texas diplomatic mission to Mexico. He met with Adrian Woll's delegation at Sabinas, Mexico, where they discussed an amnesty offered by Antonio de Santa Anna to Texas, and proposed a withdrawal of Mexican troops from the Nueces Strip. Hockley and his colleague, Samuel May Williams, remained in Sabinas for six months. Although no agreement from these talks was legalized, they were successful in postponing the threat of a Mexican invasion for another year while Texas negotiated with the United States and Great Britain for protection through official recognition or annexation.

Hockley died on June 6, 1851, in Corpus Christi, Texas, and is interred at the city's Old Bayview Cemetery. In 1936, the year of the Texas Centennial, the state erected a monument in his honor.

Hockley County, Texas, was named in his honor.

He founded the town of Hockley, Texas, in 1835.

In popular culture

 * In season 7 of Fear the Walking Dead, Victor Strand arms himself with a cutlass that had originally belonged to George Washington Hockley, telling Will in "The Beacon" that it dates back to the War of 1812. Strand briefly uses the sword in season 8 as well before it's stolen from him.

title: George Washington Hockley


text:
Garnishment

Garnishment is a legal process for collecting a monetary judgment on behalf of a plaintiff from a defendant. Garnishment allows the plaintiff (the "garnishor") to take the money or property of the debtor from the person or institution that holds that property (the "garnishee"). A similar legal mechanism called execution allows the seizure of money or property held directly by the debtor.

Some jurisdictions may allow for garnishment by a tax agency without the need to first obtain a judgment or other court order.

Wages
Wage garnishment, the most common type of garnishment, is the process of deducting money from an employee's monetary compensation (including salary), usually as a result of a court order. Wage garnishments may continue until the entire debt is paid or arrangements are made to pay off the debt. Garnishments can be taken for any type of debt but common examples of debt that result in garnishments include:
 * Child support
 * Defaulted student loans
 * Taxes
 * Unpaid court costs
 * Court-ordered judgments

When served on an employer, garnishments are taken as part of the payroll process. When processing payroll, sometimes there is not enough money in the employee's net pay to satisfy all of the garnishments. For example, in a case with federal tax, local tax, and credit card garnishments, the first garnishment taken would be the federal tax garnishments, then local tax garnishments, and, finally, garnishments for the credit card. Employers receive a notice telling them to withhold a certain amount of their employee's wages for payment and cannot refuse to garnish wages. Employers must correctly calculate the amount to withhold, and must make the deductions until the garnishment expires.

Wage garnishment can negatively affect credit, reputation, and the ability to receive a loan or open a bank account.

At present four U.S. states—Pennsylvania, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas—do not allow wage garnishment at all except for tax-related debt, child support, federally guaranteed student loans, and court-ordered fines or restitution. The federal garnishment limit (with some exceptions like child support and student loans) on a weekly basis is the lower of (A) 25% of one's disposable earnings (what's left after mandatory tax deductions), or (B) the total amount by which one's weekly wage exceeds thirty times the federal hourly minimum wage. Several other states observe maximum thresholds that are lower than the maxima provided by federal law. States may also prohibit garnishment altogether in certain circumstances. For example, in Florida the wages of a person who provides more than half the support for a child or other dependent are exempt from garnishment altogether (though this is subject to waiver). Loans and negotiations with creditors can also help debtors to avoid wage garnishment.

In Minnesota, there are five limits on wage garnishment: Creditors cannot garnish wages for social security benefits, retirement benefits, welfare payments, workers' compensation benefits, or income associated with disability or unemployment insurance.

In many states when the person is an employee or appointee of a governmental unit the writ is called a Writ of Sequestration. These are processed by the courts in the same manner as garnishments and are subject to the same wage exemptions.

In the United States, firing an employee to avoid handling a levy may be a criminal offense. Federal law provides for a fine of up to $1,000 and imprisonment for up to one year on an employer who willfully fires an employee in connection with a garnishment of the employee's earnings.

Attachments
The other type of garnishment, also known as attachment (or attachment of earnings), requires the garnishee to deliver all the defendant's money and/or property in the hands of the garnishee at the time of service of process to the court, to be paid over to the plaintiff. Since this type of garnishment is not continuing in nature, but is not subject to the type of restrictions that apply to wage garnishment, it is most often used against banks, or other persons or companies that incur liquidated obligations in the regular course of business. The garnishment should not begin during the pay period but instead on the following pay period.

Federal taxes
Under U.S. federal tax law, a garnishment by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is a form of administrative levy. In the case of an IRS levy, no court order is required.

Only a few requirements must be met before the IRS starts a wage garnishment:
 * The IRS must have assessed the tax and must have sent a written Notice and Demand for Payment;
 * The taxpayer must have neglected or refused to pay the tax within the time prescribed in the notice; and,
 * The IRS must have sent a Final Notice of Intent to Levy and Notice of Your Right to A Hearing (levy notice) at least 30 days before the levy.

The IRS may serve the Final Notice in person, may leave the notice at the taxpayer's home or usual place of business, or may send it to the last known address by certified or registered mail. The IRS is required to send the Final Notice to the last address known to the agency. The taxpayer does not need to actually receive the notice for the notice to be effective. Many taxpayers never actually receive the final notice. Those taxpayers may not realize they are in danger of receiving a levy until their wages are actually garnished.

title: Garnishment


text:
Talk:Sokolsky Opening

I found the old image unattractive, so have replaced it by a Arvindn diagram. Samboy 00:50, 7 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Is this the same as the Polish opening?--Sonjaaa 20:16, Sep 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, they're different names for the same thing. --Camembert

Merge from A00 Sokolsky Opening 1.b4 e5
In the VfD on A00 Sokolsky Opening 1.b4 e5, it was decided to merge anything useful here. I don't see anything useful; there's no actual explanation, and no citation. But you're invited to check out this old version to see for yourself. dbenbenn | talk 14:19, 24 Jan 2005 (UTC)

"Sokolsky Opening" versus "Sokolsky opening"
Dbenbenn recently moved this article from Sokolsky Opening (capital O) to Sokolsky opening (lower case O). I don't agree with this. I think it's quite normal in chess literature to treat names of openings as proper nouns and capitalise each word, not just when it's referred to in the titles of books and in game headers, but also within prose. To give a couple of examples from books I have to hand: John Nunn's Best Games, page 41: "This is a good way for Black to avoid the complexities of the Velimirovic Attack" (capital A); Botvinnik's Best Games 1947-1970, page 76: "White's opening formation is justified only if Black plays both P-Q4 and P-QB4, thus producing a reversed King's Indian Defence..." (capital K, I, D). This is a practice we've followed at the Wikipedia with several other articles on openings: Bird's Opening (capital O), Grünfeld Defence (capital D), Benko Gambit (capital G) and so on. Would anybody object if I moved this back to Sokolsky Opening? --Camembert 14:20, 24 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Sorry about that. It might be good for this issue to be mentioned at Naming conventions.  dbenbenn | talk 05:13, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Hm, perhaps, though it already says "Do not capitalize second and subsequent words unless the title is a proper noun (such as a name) or is otherwise almost always capitalized"--it would probably be a bit long-winded to list everything which, contrary to expectation, was "almost always capitalized" (surely chess openings aren't the only thing). Of course, if you think it's best, add it. --Camembert

Popularity ranking
We have this in the article:

 * Of the twenty possible first moves from White, 1.b4 ranks ninth in popularity.

We really ought to give a source for this (and if it is determined from a database, we need to state which database), since I would expect the popularity to vary quite a bit according to what game-set you looked at (only GM games, only postal games, a general database including everything, or whatever). For example, looking at games played this year and published in The Week in Chess, I find 1.b4 is indeed the 9th most popular move, but for games dated 1990 in Tim Harding's MegaCorr database, it is 5th. So where does this info come from? (If nobody can say, I can analyse games in a Chessbase Mega database or something, but I'd rather not because 1) I'm lazy, and 2) it would tie up my computer for some time.) --Camembert

Good points. In addition to seeing differences in over-the-board and correspondence, the age of the games will make a difference in the popularity of the openings. Sometimes it can make a huge difference, as some openings have brief revivals (usually because they are used a few times by a well-known GM like Kasparov) and then slip back into disuse. Depending on whether these brief periods of popularity are included or not can skew the numbers. Actually it would be interesting to see opening popularity numbers broken down by era: Romantic, Classical, Hypermodern, and current (which might be Postmodern, I guess). This would be too much to put into every article on an individual opening, but it would make an interesting chess history article on its own. Raymond Keene recently published a book on chess opening history, but I have not seen it.

The sources I have used are www.chesslive.de and www.chessgames.com which both place 1.b4 in ninth place. The first of the databases has master games overrepresented, but there are quite a few amateur games among them. (When I started seeing some of my games in the database I was conviced that this is not an all master database.) The second databse has fewer games, and presents games among stronger players. On some of the first move articles, I have mentioned that the popularity ranking is according to ChessBase (the first database), so I can add that source to some of these articles. Sjakkalle 06:14, 9 May 2005 (UTC)

It might make sense to link to the opening known as "Spike": 1. P-KN4 rather than 1. P-QN4

title: Talk:Sokolsky Opening


text:
Thomas M. Storke

Thomas More Storke (November 23, 1876 – October 12, 1971) was an American journalist, politician, postmaster, and publisher. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1962. Storke also served as an interim United States Senator, appointed to serve between the resignation of William Gibbs McAdoo in November 1938 and the January 1939 swearing-in of Sheridan Downey, who had been elected to succeed McAdoo.

Early life and journalism career
Born in Santa Barbara, Storke was an only child who grew up bilingual in Spanish and English and was born to eminent local citizen and politician Charles A. Storke and Martha Storke. Through his mother he was descended from the Ortega and Olivera families. As a child he attended public schools and moved on to Stanford University one year early with a degree in economics. Storke graduated in 1898 at age 22.

In 1900, Storke borrowed $2,000 and went on to buy the Santa Barbara Daily Independent, the least favored newspaper in town. In 1909 he sold the outlet to get into the oil business and later purchased the Santa Barbara Daily News in 1913. The spring prior, he was appointed as the Santa Barbara postmaster. Storke readopted the Daily Independent and combined that with the Daily News to birth the Santa Barbara Daily News & Independent. Years later, Storke bought The Morning Press, Santa Barbara's third paper. He later combined the two to create The Santa Barbara News-Press. After 23 years, it was sold for nearly $10 million to the publisher of The Philadelphia Bulletin.

Later life and political career
A Democrat in politics, Storke was appointed to the United States Senate by Republican California Governor Frank F. Merriam on November 9, 1938, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William Gibbs McAdoo the day before. McAdoo had lost his bid for re-nomination, and he resigned his seat the day of the general election, won by Sheridan Downey, who had beaten McAdoo in the primary. Storke had not been a candidate for the seat, and served until the beginning of Downey's term on January 3, 1939. Storke flew to Washington and was sworn in by Edwin H. Halsey, the Secretary of the Senate. However, Congress was not in session during the time he was in office, so Storke never authored any legislation or cast a Senate vote.

He returned home and resumed working in the media, merging his newspaper the Santa Barbara News with the Morning Press to create the Santa Barbara News-Press. He also founded AM radio station KTMS. He was a member of the California Crime Commission from 1951–1952, and the Board of Regents of the University of California from 1955 until 1960.

In 1958 Storke wrote California Editor, a lengthy memoir rich in local Santa Barbara history.

The John Birch Society attacked the Eisenhower administration and U.S. Chief Justice Earl Warren as being communists in 1961. Storke responded with a caustic series of editorials in the News-Press which won him popular acclaim as well as a number of prizes. These included the Pulitzer Prize in Journalism, for Editorial Writing in 1962, the Elijah Parish Lovejoy Award, and an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Colby College.

Storke died of a stroke in 1971 at age 94, having had 10 grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren.

Contributions
Storke used his political clout to help obtain the present UCSB campus, over 900 coastal acres (3.6 km 2 ) and a former military installation, from the US Government under the college land grant program.

Part of Storke's lasting legacy is Storke Tower, a 190-foot structure in the center of the UCSB campus, being the tallest tower in the county as well as the only five-octave chromatic bell system.

Beneath Storke Tower is the Storke Communication Plaza, which houses the offices of the campus Daily Nexus newspaper and the studios of community radio station KCSB-FM.

title: Thomas M. Storke


text:
Ray Allen

Walter Ray Allen Jr. (born July 20, 1975) is an American former professional basketball player. He played 18 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame as a player in 2018. Allen is widely considered to be one of the greatest three-point shooters of all-time, and he held the record for most three-pointers made in a career from 2011 until 2021, when he was surpassed by Stephen Curry.

Allen played college basketball for the Connecticut Huskies for three seasons, gaining a reputation as an efficient long-range shooter. He entered the NBA in 1996 as the fifth overall selection. In the NBA, he developed into a prolific scorer for the Milwaukee Bucks, featuring alongside Glenn Robinson and Sam Cassell as the team achieved playoff success. However, the trio were unable to capture a championship, and Allen was traded to the Seattle SuperSonics. In Seattle, Allen's reputation as a scorer was solidified; he would break several league records for three-point and free throw shooting. Despite this, a title still eluded Allen, and he was traded to the Boston Celtics in 2007.

In Boston, Allen and new teammates Kevin Garnett and Paul Pierce formed a "Big Three" and had immediate success, winning an NBA championship in 2008. He remained with the franchise for five seasons, before departing in free agency to join the Miami Heat for two seasons. In Miami, Allen accepted a reserve role, emphasizing spot-up and clutch shooting, which allowed him to capture another championship in 2013. His clutch three-pointer to tie Game 6 of the 2013 NBA Finals with 5.2 seconds remaining is regarded as one of the most memorable plays in NBA history.

Allen's list of individual accolades are extensive; he gained ten NBA All-Star designations, he won an Olympic gold medal as a member of the 2000 United States men's basketball team, he held the NBA record in career three-point field goals made in the regular season from 2011 to 2021, and has additionally scored the third most three-pointers in the postseason. During his NBA career, Allen acted in some films, such as his role as basketball prodigy Jesus Shuttlesworth in Spike Lee's basketball drama He Got Game (1998). Allen's performance as Shuttlesworth was greatly praised by critics, and the name was borrowed as Allen's basketball nickname.

Early life
The third of five children, Allen was born at Castle Air Force Base near Merced, California, the son of Walter Sr. and Flora Allen. A military child, he spent time growing up in Saxmundham, Suffolk, England, in Altus, Oklahoma, at Edwards Air Force Base in California, and in Germany. After years of traveling and continual moving, his family settled in Dalzell, South Carolina for the next four years, where he would attend high school. When he first arrived, the young Allen was often made the odd-man-out, whom kids often picked on, due to the accent acquired during his formative years in Britain. Although never completely fitting in with the other kids, Allen's natural athletic gifts, and his obsession with hard work, allowed him to excel in every sport he played. When a growth spurt left him with a natural advantage in basketball, he decided to dedicate his free time to becoming the best basketball player he possibly could.

Fueled by his desire to become the top player on the military base where he lived, Allen practiced at length daily, so long as it did not interfere with his studies. By the age of fifteen, he was playing for Hillcrest High School's varsity team, and would eventually lead them to their first state championship game. In that game, Allen showed his NBA potential by posting an impressive 25 points, to go along with 12 rebounds, in a blowout victory for Hillcrest Wildcats. At Hillcrest, he was teammates with future Major League Baseball player Terrell Wade. Amid the resulting attention from colleges, especially from the University of Kentucky, Allen ultimately accepted an offer from the University of Connecticut.

College career
Allen attended the University of Connecticut from 1993 to 1996.

As a freshman with the Huskies in 1993–94, Allen came off the bench in 34 games he played, averaging 12.6 points, 4.6 rebounds, 1.4 assists and 1.1 steals in 21.6 minutes per game. He was subsequently named to the Big East All-Freshman Team.

As a sophomore in 1994–95, Allen played 32 games with 31 starts, averaging 21.1 points, 6.8 rebounds, 2.3 assists and 1.9 steals in 32.8 minutes per game. He was subsequently named first-team All-Big East.

As a junior in 1995–96, Allen started all 35 games and averaged 23.4 points, 6.5 rebounds, 3.3 assists and 1.7 steals in 34.7 minutes per game. He was subsequently named the Big East Player of the Year and earned first-team All-Big East. The Huskies won their third consecutive Big East Conference regular season title and played in their third consecutive NCAA Tournament.

Allen declared for the 1996 NBA draft. As of 2018, his 1,922 point total ranked fifth all-time, his 19.0 career average was fourth, his 44.8 three-point field goal percentage was first, and the 818 points he scored as a junior was the third-highest season total in UConn history.

In January 2001, Allen was named honorary captain of the 25-member UConn All-Century Basketball Team. In February 2007, he was an inaugural inductee in the UConn men's basketball "Huskies of Honor" recognition program. In March 2019, his number 34 jersey was retired by UConn. In May 2023, Allen graduated from UConn with a Bachelor's Degree in General Studies.

1996–1999: early years in Milwaukee
Allen was drafted by the Minnesota Timberwolves with the fifth pick of the 1996 NBA draft. Immediately after his selection, Allen and Andrew Lang were traded to the Milwaukee Bucks for the rights to fourth pick Stephon Marbury. On July 24, 1996, Allen signed a 3-year, $6.2 million contract with the Bucks. Allen made his NBA debut on November 1, 1996, where he started and played 28 minutes and scored 13 points in a win against fellow rookie Allen Iverson and the Philadelphia 76ers. On January 12, 1997, Allen put in one of his strongest efforts of the season in a win against the Golden State Warriors, contributing 22 points, 6 assists, 3 steals and a new career high of 9 rebounds. In February 1997, Allen competed in the Slam Dunk Contest during All-Star Weekend, where he finished fourth. Continuing his strong rookie season, on March 25, 1997, Allen scored a new career high of 32 points in a loss to the Phoenix Suns. Allen was named to the NBA All-Rookie Second Team.

In the 1997–98 season, Allen played and started all 82 games for the Bucks. In the season opener, he put up 29 points, including 6 three-pointers in a win against the 76ers. On December 20, 1997, Allen set a new career high of 35 points against the New York Knicks. On the brink of missing the playoffs for the second straight year, on April 18, 1998, the last game of the regular season, Allen tallied a 40-point double-double with 10 rebounds.

1999–2003: building his legacy
On February 10, 1999, following the 1998–99 NBA lockout, Allen signed a six-year, $70.9 million extension with the Bucks, making him the highest paid player in franchise history at that point. The 1998–99 season saw Allen make his first playoff appearance, with the Bucks earning the seventh seed. There they were swept by the Indiana Pacers in the first round despite Allen averaging 22.3 points per game. The following season, on January 20, 2000, Allen recorded a career-high 13 assists in a loss to the Seattle SuperSonics. On February 3, 2000, Allen scored 36 points and grabbed 8 rebounds in a 102–99 win against the Utah Jazz. A month later, Allen played in his first All-Star Game, where he had 14 points in 17 minutes. During the 1999–2000 season, Allen led the Bucks in scoring during the regular and post-season.

On February 7, 2001, Allen recorded his first career triple-double with 20 points, 10 rebounds and 11 assists against the Boston Celtics. A few days later, he participated and won his first 3-point shootout during All-Star Weekend. Allen, alongside Sam Cassell and Glenn Robinson, helped lead the Bucks to the Eastern Conference finals. Allen recorded a new playoff career high with 41 points in a Game 6 victory over the 76ers, but the Bucks ultimately lost in seven games. Allen earned All-NBA Third Team honors in 2001.

Seattle SuperSonics (2003–2007)
Allen remained with the Bucks midway through the 2002–03 season, when he was dealt to the Seattle SuperSonics, along with Ronald Murray, former UConn teammate Kevin Ollie, and a conditional first round draft pick, in exchange for Gary Payton and Desmond Mason. It was speculated that Allen's contentious relationship with coach George Karl played a role in the Bucks' willingness to part with Allen.

After an injury-riddled 2003–04 season, Allen was named to the All-NBA Second Team in the 2004–05 season and, alongside teammate Rashard Lewis, led the Sonics to the 2005 Conference semifinals.

In July 2005, Allen signed a five-year, $85 million contract with the SuperSonics.

On March 12, 2006, Allen became the 97th player in NBA history to score 15,000 points. On April 7, 2006, Allen moved into second place on the NBA's list of all-time 3-point field goals made, trailing only Reggie Miller. On April 19, 2006, Allen broke Dennis Scott's ten-year-old NBA record for 3-point field goals made in a season in a game against the Denver Nuggets. The record was broken by Stephen Curry.

In the 2006–07 regular season, Allen averaged a career-high 26.4 points per game while adding 4.5 rebounds and 4.1 assists per game. On January 12, 2007, he scored a career-high 54 points against the Utah Jazz in a 122–114 overtime win, the second most in Sonics history. Shortly after, he had ankle surgery on both ankles and missed the remainder of the 2006–07 season.

2007–2009: first championship
On June 28, 2007, the Sonics traded Allen and Glen Davis, the 35th overall pick in the 2007 NBA draft, to the Celtics in exchange for Delonte West, Wally Szczerbiak, and the fifth overall pick, Jeff Green. Shortly after acquiring Allen, the Celtics acquired Minnesota Timberwolves forward Kevin Garnett to play alongside Allen and Paul Pierce. Upon joining the Celtics, Allen changed his jersey to number 20 because Paul Pierce already had number 34 in Boston.

On November 4, 2007, Allen passed 17,000 points for his career with his first of two 3-pointers in overtime in a 98–95 victory against the Toronto Raptors, in which he sank the game winning 3-pointer with three seconds remaining in overtime.

On February 13, 2008, Allen was named as the replacement for injured East All-Star Caron Butler of the Washington Wizards, who was out with a left hip flexor strain, for the 2008 NBA All-Star Game in New Orleans. While LeBron James was given the All-Star MVP Award, many analysts, including the TNT commentators of the game, felt it should have gone to Allen, who scored 14 points in a stretch of 2 minutes and 30 seconds in the fourth quarter to seal the win for the East team.

On March 28, 2008, Allen was honored as the 3rd best of the 20 greatest players in franchise history during Milwaukee's 40th Anniversary Team Celebration, but could not attend the festivities because of the Celtics' game against the New Orleans Hornets. The Boston Celtics finished 66–16, and were the #1 seed in the 2008 NBA Playoffs. The Celtics struggled in the first two rounds of the playoffs, losing every single away game, but maintaining an undefeated playoff record at home. The Celtics had defeated the #8 seeded Atlanta Hawks 4–3 and then defeated the #4 seeded Cleveland Cavaliers 4–3 as well. They advanced to the 2008 NBA Finals after a 4–2 Conference finals series win over the Detroit Pistons.

On June 12, 2008, Allen would play all 48 minutes and contribute greatly with 19 points and 9 rebounds in what would become the largest comeback in NBA Finals history, with the Celtics coming back from a 24-point deficit at one point in the second quarter and a deficit as large as 20 in the third. In that game, Allen would make the game clinching layup with 16.4 seconds remaining to give the Celtics a 5-point lead and put the game away.

On June 17, 2008, in the series-ending Game 6 of the NBA Finals, Allen tied an NBA Finals record with seven three-pointers in the Celtics' 131–92 victory over the Los Angeles Lakers. With the victory, Allen secured his first NBA championship. On February 5, 2009, Allen was named as the All-Star replacement for Orlando Magic point guard Jameer Nelson. This marked Allen's ninth time on the All-Star team and the second straight year he had made it alongside teammates Kevin Garnett and Paul Pierce.

On February 22, 2009, with his streak ending at 72, Allen broke the Celtics franchise record in consecutive free throws made previously set by Larry Bird (71).

In the first round of the 2009 playoffs against the Chicago Bulls, game one proved to be tough for Allen. He ended up shooting 1–11 from the field, and the Celtics lost by two. In game 2 however, Allen nailed the game winning three-pointer at the end of regulation with two seconds left to cap off an impressive 30 point night. In Game 6, despite a Boston loss, Allen managed to score 51 points. Boston ended up winning the series in 7 Games. He reunited with former teammate and co-captain of the Seattle SuperSonics, Rashard Lewis in the conference semifinals, that time as opponents, however. After 4 games and a 2–2 series tie, his highest scoring game was a 22-point performance in a Game 2 victory. The Celtics went on to lose in seven games as they failed to defend their title.

2009–2012: finals upset and 3-point record
On December 10, 2009, Allen scored 18 points to reach the 20,000 point total for his career.

On June 6, 2010, in Game 2 of the 2010 NBA Finals in a 103–94 victory against the Los Angeles Lakers, Allen set a then record for most three-pointers made in an NBA Finals game on 8–11 shooting to tie the series 1–1. He broke Michael Jordan's record of six three-pointers in one half by hitting seven in the first half and had tied Scottie Pippen and Kenny Smith's record for most three-pointers in one game in the NBA Finals by half time. Allen also became the first player in NBA history to have two separate games of scoring at least seven three-pointers in the NBA Finals. The Celtics would win two of three games in Boston, before losing the last two games and the series in Los Angeles.

After becoming a free agent on July 1, 2010, Allen re-signed a two-year deal with the Boston Celtics on July 7 worth $20 million.

During a game against the Los Angeles Lakers on February 10, 2011, Allen became the all-time NBA leader in total three-pointers made (2,562), surpassing Reggie Miller's record of 2,560. The 35-year-old shooting guard finished the game with 20 points but the Celtics eventually lost 92–86. In the 2010–11 NBA season Allen was named to his tenth All-Star game alongside teammates Rajon Rondo, Paul Pierce and Kevin Garnett. Also during All-Star Weekend, Allen competed in the Three-Point Shootout, but lost to James Jones of the Miami Heat.

During the 2011–12 NBA season, Allen was privately frustrated with trade rumors in February, issues with teammate Rajon Rondo, and an ankle injury that ultimately required surgery in June 2012 to remove bone spurs. The Celtics lost in seven games to the Miami Heat in the 2012 Eastern Conference finals.

2012–2013: second championship
Allen's initial plan in the summer of 2012 was to stay with the Boston Celtics. He was reportedly seeking a three-year, $24 million contract whereas the Celtics were offering a two-year, $12 million deal. Further internal discord with a bench role and a Rondo-focused approach led to Allen rejecting the Celtics and instead choosing to sign a two-year, $6 million deal with the Miami Heat. The Heat were limited to their mid-level exception amount of slightly more than $3 million per season.

During Allen's first season with the Miami Heat, he averaged 10.9 points per game and made 88.6% of his free throws while playing an average of 25.8 minutes per game. On April 25, 2013, while playing Milwaukee in Game 3 of the first round of the playoffs, Allen made his 322nd career three-pointer in the playoffs, which broke Reggie Miller's record for most three-pointers made in NBA playoff history. Allen returned to his favorite #34 jersey upon joining the Heat.

In Game 6 of the NBA Finals against the San Antonio Spurs, as the Heat trailed by three points, Allen made a game-tying 3-pointer with 5.2 seconds left in the fourth quarter to force overtime. Having rallied from a 10-point deficit at the end of the third quarter, the Heat won in overtime 103–100 over the San Antonio Spurs and forced a seventh game in the series. With the Heat leading 101–100, Allen stole the ball from Manu Ginóbili under the Spurs' basket and drew a foul with 1.9 seconds remaining in the overtime period. Allen made both ensuing free throws to put Miami up 103–100. Allen played 41 minutes in Game 6 off the bench and scored 9 points on 3-for-8 field goal shooting; his game-tying three-pointer was the only three-pointer he made in three attempts. Allen also had one defensive rebound and two assists. In Game 7, which the Heat won 95–88 to win its second consecutive championship, Allen played 20 minutes off the bench. Although he made none of 4 field goal attempts and had 3 turnovers, Allen recorded 4 defensive rebounds and 4 assists.

2013–2014: final playing year
On June 29, 2013, Allen picked up his $3.23 million player option to stay with the Heat through the 2013–14 NBA season. During the regular season, Allen played in 73 games, starting 9 of them, averaging 9.6 points and shooting 37 percent from three-point range. In the playoffs, Allen scored 19 points on 4–7 three-point shooting in game 4 of the conference semifinals against the Brooklyn Nets. Then in Game 3 against the Indiana Pacers in an Eastern Conference finals rematch, Allen hit four 3-point shots in the fourth quarter and put them up 2–1 in the series. The Heat won the series in six games to advance to the NBA Finals for the fourth straight year and Allen's second. The Heat faced the Spurs again in the 2014 NBA Finals, but they lost the series in five games.

Retirement
Allen became a free agent in the 2014 off-season, and after much anticipation of a return at some point during the 2014–15 season, he announced his decision to sit out the season and focus on 2015–16. However, he did not end up joining a team. In July 2016, Allen began mulling a comeback, and admitted he was "intrigued" by the possibility of competing for another championship. The following month, Allen had talks with the Boston Celtics and the Milwaukee Bucks regarding a possible return, but ultimately decided to officially retire on November 1, 2016. In September 2018, Allen was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. In February 2019, Allen played in the NBA All-Star Celebrity Game. In October 2021, Allen was honored as one of the league's greatest players of all time by being named to the NBA's 75th Anniversary Team. He was also named in the top 75 players by The Athletic.

Acting career
In 1998, Allen co-starred alongside Denzel Washington in the Spike Lee film He Got Game as high school basketball phenomenon Jesus Shuttlesworth. Roger Ebert praised his performance and said Allen "is that rarity: an athlete who can act," while New York magazine described him as "graceful and fast in the basketball scenes" while giving "a somberly effective minimalist performance." His role as Jesus Shuttlesworth earned him that name as a nickname from teammates and fans. Allen also appeared as Marcus Blake in the 2001 film Harvard Man. In 2015, Allen co-starred alongside Kyrie Irving, Baron Davis and J. B. Smoove as Walt in the fourth episode of "Uncle Drew", a series of Pepsi Max advertisements written and directed by Irving.

Personal life
Allen married singer/actress Shannon Walker Williams on August 16, 2008, after having dated since 2004. They have four children together.

Allen says that he has a borderline case of obsessive–compulsive disorder, to which he attributes his consummate shooting style.

Allen served as NBA Spokesperson for the Jr. NBA / Jr. WNBA program and was selected as NBA Spokesman for the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. He also started the "Ray of Hope" Foundation to assist charities in several communities.

Former President Obama appointed Allen to the United States Holocaust Memorial Council. Allen is a longtime supporter of the Holocaust Memorial Museum and has brought teammates and friends to the museum on frequent visits. In August 2017, he penned a first-person article for "The Players' Tribune", entitled Why I Went to Auschwitz.

On November 21, 2017, Allen said in a court filing that he was the victim of "catfishing" by a man who posed online as several different women. In an emergency motion, Allen was responding to a claim made by the man, Bryant Coleman, that he was being stalked by Allen.

Allen's autobiography, From the Outside, was released on March 27, 2018.

On July 18, 2021, Allen suffered injuries in a serious bicycle crash, and he credited his bicycle helmet with effectively saving his life.

On August 20, 2021, Allen accepted a position as director of boys' and girls' basketball and boys' varsity basketball head coach at Gulliver Preparatory School.

In the spring of 2023, Allen received a Bachelor's degree in General Studies from the University of Connecticut.

Honors

 * 2× NBA champion: 2008, 2013
 * 3× Gold medalist as member of the USA men's basketball team: 1995 Summer Universiade, 2000 Summer Olympics & 2003 FIBA Americas Championship
 * 10× NBA All-Star: 2000–2002, 2004–2009, 2011
 * All-NBA Second Team: 2005
 * All-NBA Third Team: 2001
 * NBA All-Rookie Second Team: 1997
 * NBA Joe Dumars NBA Sportsmanship Award: 2003
 * The Sporting News "Good Guy": 2000, 2001, 2005
 * NBA All-Star Weekend Three-point Shootout champion: 2001
 * USA Basketball Male Athlete of the Year (1995)

NBA regular season

 * 3-point field goal attempts, career: 7,429

NBA playoffs

 * 3-point field goals attempted, game: 18, Boston Celtics at Chicago Bulls, April 30, 2009 (3 OT)
 * Tied with Stephen Curry (April 23, 2015), Damian Lillard (May 9, 2016), Klay Thompson (May 28, 2016), and Russell Westbrook (April 25, 2017)

NBA finals

 * 3-point field goals made, half: 7, first half, Boston Celtics at Los Angeles Lakers, June 6, 2010
 * 3-point field goals made, quarter: 5, second quarter, Boston Celtics at Los Angeles Lakers, June 6, 2010
 * Tied with Stephen Curry (June 3, 2018)

Milwaukee Bucks franchise records

 * Consecutive games played: 400, from 11/1/96 to 12/20/01
 * 3-point field goals made, career: 1,051
 * 3-point field goals made, season: 229
 * 3-point field goals made, game: 10, vs. Charlotte Hornets, April 14, 2002
 * 3-point field goals made, half: 8, second half, vs. Charlotte Hornets, April 14, 2002
 * Tied with Tim Thomas (second half, at Portland Trail Blazers, January 5, 2001) and Michael Redd (second half, vs. Houston Rockets, February 20, 2002)
 * 3-point field goal attempts, season: 528
 * 3-point field goal attempts, game: 17, at Cleveland Cavaliers, December 9, 2002 (2 OT)
 * 3-point field goal attempts, game (regulation): 14, four times (tied with Michael Redd)
 * 14, vs. Utah Jazz, April 12, 2001
 * 14, vs. New York Knicks, December 4, 2001
 * 14, vs. Charlotte Hornets, February 18, 2002
 * 14, vs. Charlotte Hornets, April 14, 2002

Seattle SuperSonics franchise records

 * 3-point field goals made, season: 269
 * 3-point field goal attempts, season: 653

Boston Celtics franchise records

 * Highest free throw percentage, season: .952 (237/249)
 * Consecutive free throws made: 72, from December 25, 2008 to February 23, 2009
 * Highest 3-point field goal percentage, 2011–12 season: .453 (106/234).

title: Ray Allen


text:
Kirkham, North Yorkshire

Kirkham is a village in the civil parish of Westow, in North Yorkshire, England, close to Malton, situated in the Howardian Hills alongside the River Derwent, and is notable for the nearby ruins of Kirkham Priory, an Augustinian establishment.

Kirkham was historically an extra parochial area in the East Riding of Yorkshire. It became a civil parish in 1866. On 1 April 1935 the civil parish was abolished and merged into the civil parish of Firby. In 1931 the parish had a population of 31.

In 1974 it was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was a part of the Ryedale district and when the parish of Firby was abolished it joined the parish of Westow.

Kirkham was served by Kirkham Abbey railway station on the York to Scarborough Line between 1845 and 1930.

John Oxley (1785-1828), an explorer of south-east Australia, was born here.

title: Kirkham, North Yorkshire


text:
Talk:Jean Moulin

Controvery section
Poorly did, does not sound encyclopaedic whatsoever. Historically its inaccurate, the idea that British and American intelligence proxy-assissinated Moulin is absurd. Furthermore Charles de Gaulle was not pro-American, he is one of the defining figures of European anti-Americanism! This needs to be sorted. --JDnCoke 11:14, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

Hero?
Edcolins, you changed "hero of the..." to "member of the..." why? did you feel it wasn't NPOV? If that's the case, i will have to disagree with you; Jean Moulin was, in many ways, more than "just" a member of the resistance.. Anyway thanks everyone for your edits, even though it is kind of embarrassing to see all the orthographic mistakes I made ^^;;;    F  i  P  00:55, 7 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, even though I truly respect Jean Moulin and what he did, I thought the term hero was far too biased. But that was just my humble opinion. Stating what he did might be far better and sufficient to understand and judge his acts. A parallel could be: if someone was really a nasty man, do not state "he was a nasty man", but just state his deeds. It seems to me more encyclopedic. --Edcolins 16:59, Aug 30, 2004 (UTC)

 * He certainly was a hero, in the sense taht he is accepted as one of the most notable and proeminent members of the Resistance. Indeed, he is the personification (perhaps along with d'Estienne d'Orves) of the interior resistance. Rama 08:37, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

 * English want to hide there were french heros during WWII. They prefer to lie on History to say they were the only ones heroes. Proximo (talk) 21:29, 14 December 2023 (UTC)

Rescue?
I took as history the account in a docu-style film probably from the 1990s depicting him as being rescued, between his prison & an interrogation, via an attack on the vehicle & soldiers moving him there. (And of course later dying after recapture.) Bunk? (Hmm, the rescue united him with his lover, who went on the raid.... Hmmm, maybe i'm gullible.) --Jerzy(t) 17:37, 2004 Sep 10 (UTC)

Rescue???
Jerzy: Wow. I've actually never heard that story before! Interesting thought, though.

Prefet ?
I'm not that familiar with wikipedia's guidelines on the subject, so i'll just ask: In the section "Resistance", Jean Moulin is discribed as the préfet of Eure-et-loir, but a few lines bellow, we find a link for prefects. Which is more correct : préfet and préfets or Prefect and Prefects ?

F i  P  08:36, 19 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Prefet is french for prefect which is a rank in government in some nations.{subst:unsigned|86.197.117.164}}
 * That did not answer my question. FiP  Как вы думаете? 01:46, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

Crypto Communist
A few days after I had rewritten this article, someone had added the "crypto communist" part. I guess i didn't want to feel stupid by asking "what the heck is a crypto-communist ? öO" :D

Anyway Ruy Lopez just removed it, i guess that's that.

F i P 17:09, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

Horrific death
"because of his great courage and his horrific death." His death is not described in any terms in this article that would support it being "horrific." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 151.207.242.4 (talk • contribs)
 * Well he was tortured to death, the death certificate was made 6 months after his supposed date of death so it was probably very very horrible as they wanted to obtain all the informations he knew. NanoPish (talk) 18:09, 30 March 2019 (UTC)

Le Rire
"Yandman" Removed the following from the external links sections: *LeRire.com - Features OCR'd Le Rire issues This link may or may not belong here, I'm not sure, but I propose adding "Le Rire" to the "See Also" section.

FiP Как вы думаете? 01:31, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Communist?
The 1970's called. They'd like their baseless accusation back.
 * Red Scare seem to be immortal. NanoPish (talk) 18:07, 30 March 2019 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 03:53, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

ashes- corpse legend
The fact that he (his ashes) was buried in Père Lachaise and then transferred to the Pantheon actually is more legend than fact. As well said by the French version of this article, his corpse was never found/identified, so it's just symbolic. His grave is empty, a cenotaph (see french version of the article) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.74.139.98 (talk) 09:42, 17 July 2009 (UTC)
 * According to the french version of the article, the ashes are supposed to be jean moulin's as the body was rappatried in France and directly burned : Le 9 juillet 1943, le corps d’« un ressortissant français décédé en territoire allemand » — présumé être Jean Moulin — est rapatrié à Paris, gare de l'Est et aussitôt incinéré3. L'urne contenant ses cendres est ensuite déposée au cimetière du Père-Lachaise, case 10137, avec pour seule mention « Inconnu incinéré, 09-07-43 »3. En 1945, sa famille fait déplacer cette urne dans le carré de la Résistance du cimetière. L’urne est finalement transférée au Panthéon, en 1964. a b c d et e Benoît Hopquin, « Le mystère des cendres de Jean Moulin » [archive], sur lemonde.fr, 19 décembre 2014 (consulté le 10 septembre 2015)
 * So for now... we don't know — Preceding unsigned comment added by NanoPish (talk • contribs) 18:45, 30 March 2019 (UTC)

Instead of posting this.....
at the beginning of each section as it should be I am bringing it here. All of these sections make a number of claims as factual and seeing as how we are dealing with people (alive and dead) exact dates and crimes and accusations of crimes this needs to cleared up. tyvm Pudge MclameO (talk) 03:08, 5 March 2011 (UTC)

"was a high-profile member of the French Resistance "
I sincerely doubt he would have lived as long as he did, if that were true. Perhaps a rephrase is in order? Guinness2702 (talk) 11:35, 11 April 2012 (UTC)

Resistance section reads like a school child's adventure story
Far too floral and emotional. Main source is Alan Clinton 1999 Jean Moulin, 1899-1943: The French Resistance and the Republic which does not rely on French sources — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.202.211.125 (talk) 05:01, 13 February 2018 (UTC)

With all due respect, Clinton is a very respected historian of France and his book is based upon French sources if you taken the time to read his footnotes. More importantly, what you doing here is very close to negationsism. The massacre of the Senegalese soldiers was referenced to a RS, so your argument that it is unreliable about it you cannot find an internet source confirming it is a most dubious edit. Furthermore, you claim that French sources state that such massacre took place. I'm going try to be polite here; you need to reference such sources. Merely saying that "French sources" say something is an assertion that does not justify deleting material referenced to a RS. What are these "French sources" that you talking about? It is a matter of fact that the German Army did massacre Senegalese serving in the French Army in 1940. --A.S. Brown (talk) 00:50, 19 September 2021 (UTC)

Dubious
Was Moulin dismissed/removed from office of a préfet on November 2, 1940 or 16 November 1940?

--Gui le Roi (talk) 13:06, 24 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Hey he was dismissed the 2
 * http://www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/en/jean-moulin
 * On 2 November 1940 the Vichy government dismissed the left-leaning, faithful servant of the Republic, who moved to Saint-Andiol in the Alpilles and contacted various Resistance movements in the southern zone. In October 1941 he went to London and became the Resistance's messenger to General de Gaulle.
 * NanoPish (talk) 18:07, 30 March 2019 (UTC)

The 2013 protest was against the government, not related to Jean Moulin's alledged homosexuality
I removed a dubious statement about protests in 2013 being related to Jean Moulin's hypothetical homosexuality : “In 2013, a remembrance ceremony in France attended by the prime minister was disturbed by anti-gay protestors [...]” There's no mention of this in the linked article (which actually links to this more complete article). This protest was against the François Hollande government, and specifically against the then recently voted law on “same-sex marriage”, it had no relation whatsoever with the alledged homosexuality of Jean Moulin (which I had never seen mentioned until I read this article on english Wikipedia, go figure). Besides, the whole “Homosexuality” section is awkward by its relative length, its gossip treatment, and even more so by its placement, as if it was the missing link between “The Resistance” and “Who betrayed Jean Moulin”...--Abolibibelot (talk) 03:30, 14 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Not wanting to be the asshole frenchman even if I feel it is too late as I am writting this sentence, but the level of fake news / propaganda on the first EN wikipedia page I try to follow is scary :O

Suggestion to add "the" photo
The fedora-and-scarf photo by Marcel Bernard (see the links in the refs below) is still under copyright, but I think there is a good case to put it while passing WP:NFCC. I propose to put it in into the "legacy" section accompanied with the following text: "The photograph with a fedora and scarf has become a popular representation of Jean Moulin and more generally the Resistance movement; in it, Jean Moulin seems to hide from onlookers to protect his clandestine life. However, the photograph itself was taken in Montpellier in February 1940 during a family visit, before his first arrest in June 1940 and subsequent decision to join the Resistance."

That would IMO satisfy NFCC #1 (no free equivalent because no image can replace that exact image) and #8 (contextual significance), and other criteria are easy to fulfill.

Any objections before I do the paperwork to upload the image? Tigraan Click here for my talk page ("private" contact) 12:44, 10 August 2022 (UTC)
 * I posted a notification about this thread at WP:MCQ, to sollicit input on the "good case to pass NFCC" point. Tigraan Click here for my talk page ("private" contact) 12:50, 10 August 2022 (UTC)

Jean Moulin (20 June 1899 – 8 July 1943) was a French civil servant and resistant who succeeded in unifying the main networks of the French Resistance, a unique act in Europe. He served as the first President of the National Council of the Resistance during World War II from 27 May 1943 until his death less than two months later.<

I dont know where you heard his second name? I dont know why you make effort to delete the specificity of his action. You, english, want to be the only ones hero of WWII. Proximo (talk) 21:27, 14 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jean Moulin