text:
Haidian, Beijing

Haidian District is an urban district of the city of Beijing. It is mostly situated in northwestern Beijing, but also to a lesser extent in the west, where it has borders with Xicheng and Fengtai.

It is 431 square km in area, making it the second-largest district in urban Beijing area (after Chaoyang), and is home to 3,133,469 inhabitants as of November 2020.

Administrative division
The administrative division of the district was reported as follows:
 * 22 subdistricts of the city proper of Beijing
 * 7 towns of which carry the "area" label:

History
Haidian was originally a village outside of Beijing's Inner City. It was first built in the Yuan dynasty and became one of the eight major business areas of the capital during the Qing dynasty and was the seat of such old shops as Lotus White, Quanjude and Hongbin House. The famed Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace, two grand imperial gardens are also among its reputed features. It became a university district after the building of the Tsinghua University and Yenching University campus in the early twentieth century. It is mentioned in Lao She's novel Camel Xiangzi as an academic village for students. After the foundation of the People's Republic, it was deliberately developed as a university area, with many of the Yan'an institutions moving there. It officially became an administrative district in June 1954. Since the reform and opening up, it has become the centre of China's IT industry. In the words of Time magazine: Like Paris' Champs Elysées or New York's Broadway, Haidian is a celebration of a national myth: China's ability to change itself and become, once again, great among nations.

During the later half of the 1990s, out of the Beijing districts, Haidian had the highest per capita GDP. During that period the GDP of Haidian (1) District grew by double digits each year.

Transportation
The northwestern stretches of the 3rd Ring Road, 4th Ring Road, 5th Ring Road and 6th Ring Road all run through the area.

Metro & light rail
Haidian is currently served by ten metro lines of the Beijing Subway and one light rail line:
 * - Yuquanlu, Wukesong, Wanshoulu, Gongzhufen, Military Museum
 * BeijingMTRicon.svg - Anheqiao North, Beigongmen, Xiyuan, Yuanmingyuan Park, East Gate of Peking University, Zhongguancun, Haidianhuangzhuang , Renmin University, Weigongcun, National Library
 * - Liaogongzhuang, Tiancun, Haidian Wuluju, Cishousi, Huayuanqiao, Baishiqiao South
 * - Yuxin, Xixiaokou, Yongtaizhuang
 * - National Library, Baishiqiao South , Baiduizi, Military Museum
 * - Lianhuaqiao, Gongzhufen, Xidiaoyutai, Cishousi , Chedaogou, Changchunqiao, Huoqiying, Bagou , Suzhoujie, Haidianhuangzhuang , Zhichunli, Zhichunlu , Xitucheng, Mudanyuan , Jiandemen
 * - Dazhongsi, Zhichunlu, Wudaokou, Shangdi, Qinghe railway station , Xi'erqi
 * - Qinghuadongluxikou, Liudaokou, Beishatan
 * BeijingMTRicon.svg - Beianhe, Wenyanglu, Daoxianghulu, Tundian, Yongfeng, Yongfeng South, Xibeiwang, Malianwa, Nongdananlu, Xiyuan, Wanquanheqiao, Suzhouqiao, Wanshousi, Guojia Tushuguan (National Library) , Ganjiakou, Yuyuantan Dongmen (Yuyuantan Park East Gate), Muxidi
 * BeijingMTRicon.svg - Mudanyuan, Beitaipingzhuang
 * - Xi'erqi, Qinghe railway station
 * - Fragrant Hills, Botanical Garden, Wan'an, West Gate of Summer Palace, Bagou Station

Suburban Railway
Haidian is served by one commuter line operated by Beijing Suburban Railway (BCR).

 * - Qinghe railway station

Government and infrastructure
The China National Space Administration has its headquarters in the district. The Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center which serves as the central command center for the Chinese space program is also located in the district.

The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA) has its headquarters in Zhongguancun.

The People's Liberation Army Military Music Hall is located in the district.

The Ministry of State Security has a number of major facilities in the district.

Economy

In 2017, the regional GDP was 592.48 billion yuan, with a GDP per capita at 170.8 thousand yuan (25293 US dollars).

A central part of Haidian's economy, the Zhongguancun electronics district, hosts the Beijing offices of many software and computer-technology companies.

 * Baidu has its headquarters in the Baidu Campus.
 * Sohu has its headquarters in the Sohu.com Internet Plaza.
 * Sinosteel's headquarters are in the Sinosteel Plaza in Haidian District.
 * Youku has its headquarters on the fifth floor of Sinosteel Plaza.
 * Wumart has its headquarters in the Wumart Commercial Building in Haidian District.
 * aigo's head office is in the Ideal Plaza in the Haidian District.
 * China Postal Airlines has its headquarters on the 11th through 14th floors of the Ziyu Office Building in Haidian District.
 * Sinovac Biotech
 * The Beijing Civil Aircraft Technology Research Center of COMAC (北京民用飞机技术研究中心) has its offices on the 8th floor of the Beijing Olympic Building in Haidian District.
 * Xiaomi has its headquarters in the Office Building of Huarun Wucai City.
 * Nuctech.
 * New Oriental
 * Google has its Beijing office in Tsinghua Science Park Bldg 6
 * Everbright International has its Beijing office in the Beijing International Building (北京国际大厦) in Zhongguancun.
 * ByteDance (developer of Douyin / TikTok) has its global headquarters on Zhichun Road (知春路), Haidian District.
 * Lenovo has its global headquarters in Lenovo Campus, Haidian District.
 * Grab has its Beijing office in Raycom Infotech Park.

Higher education
Institutions of higher education in Haidian include:
 * Beihang University (formerly Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)
 * Beijing Film Academy
 * Beijing Foreign Studies University
 * Beijing Forestry University
 * Beijing Institute of Technology
 * Beijing Jiaotong University
 * Beijing Language and Culture University
 * Beijing Normal University
 * Beijing Sport University
 * Capital Normal University
 * China Agricultural University
 * China University of Geosciences Beijing
 * China University of Political Science and Law
 * Minzu University of China
 * Peking University
 * Renmin University of China
 * Tsinghua University
 * University of International Relations
 * University of Science and Technology Beijing

Primary and secondary education
The Beijing Municipal Education Commission, the local education authority, has its headquarters in the Beijing Olympic Building.

Institutions of secondary education
 * Beijing Bayi School
 * Beijing 101 Middle School
 * Affiliated High School of Peking University
 * The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China
 * Tsinghua University High School

Private schools include:
 * Beijing Haidian Foreign Language Shi Yan School (elementary through senior high school)
 * Beijing Haidian International School
 * Saint Paul American School

Communities

 * Zhongguancun
 * Wudaokou
 * Madian
 * Xinjiangcun (demolished)

Important areas in Haidian District

 * Old Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan Park)
 * Summer Palace (Yiheyuan)
 * Fragrant Hills (Xiangshan or Jingyi Palace)
 * Beijing Botanical Garden (Beijing Zhiwuyuan)
 * Jade Spring Hill (Yuquanshan or Jingming Palace)
 * Haidian Park
 * Pagoda at the Wuta Temple
 * Purple Bamboo Park (Zizhuyuan)
 * Yuyuantan Park
 * Diaoyutai State Guesthouse
 * Baidu headquarters
 * Sohu headquarters
 * Sinosteel Plaza
 * Youku headquarters
 * Haidian Christian Church

Sports
The Chinese Ice Hockey Association, which governs ice hockey and bandy in China, has its offices at 56, Zhongguacun South Street in Haidian District.

Climate
Haidian has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Haidian is 12.8 C. The average annual rainfall is 557.3 mm with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 26.5 C, and lowest in January, at around -3.2 C.

Sister cities
Since 1992, Haidian District has signed official papers and established Sister City relationship with 14 cities and districts from 10 countries of 4 continents. Some sister cities are shown below:

South America
 * 🇦🇷 Santa Fe, Argentina (May 2010)
 * 🇦🇷 La Falda, Cordoba, Argentina (10 September 2009)

North America
 * 🇺🇸 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States (8 February 2008)
 * 🇺🇸 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States (15 April 1998)

Europe
 * 🇫🇮 Savonlinna, Finland (9 March 2016)
 * 🇬🇷 Olympia, Peloponnesus, Greece (28 February 2008)
 * 🇳🇱 Groningen, Netherlands (19 October 2004)
 * 🇫🇷 Bures-sur-Yvette, Massy, Palaiseau, in Paris Region, France (4 October 1994)

East Asia
 * 🇰🇷 Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea (27 September 1995)
 * 🇯🇵 Nerima, Tokyo, Japan (13 October 1992)

title: Haidian, Beijing


text:
Talk:Anti-globalization movement/Archive 2

Two major concerns
I have two major concerns with this article.

1. The left-wing does not own anti-globalization views. First of all, its a current fashion for people who consider themselves "left-wing" or "progressive" to talk as if the many liberals in government who support different corporate interests and the process of globalization are really conservatives, and then pretend to own issues like being against government corruption by PACs, etc, against corporate welfare, against globalization and free trade. They treat groups in Europe as the National Front, and groups and leaders in the United States like Perot and Buchanan as "anomalies" that they disassociate themselves from. This viewpoint obviously grows from what I think is a deluded belief that the definition of right-wing is pro-corporate and the definition of left-wing is anti-corporate. These "progressives" are then allowed to masquerade the idea that voice for change and revolution is embodied in the "real" left.

The fact of the matter is, that these viewpoints, being against government corruption through corporate interests, being against globalization and free trade, etc. are adopted by a broad range of groups across the traditional ideological spectrum. In America, its represented by the right in Pat Buchanan, by the center in Ross Perot, and by the left in Ralph Nader. Each of them have equal influence in the culture as a voice for these positions. Its not true that all of these are part of the "real" left, because another way to identify the "left" is by fiscal issues like positions on socialist policies and social issues like abortion. Many people who call themselves "progressives" just don't understand this. One person who recently reflects this idea is Michael Moore, who recently suggested that most people are "leftists" and just don't know it. But, these-positions-don't-make-you-a-leftist--they're shared across the spectrum!

While its true that many constituent groups of the protests have been left-wing, ranging from socialists, to environmentalists, to anarchists; many have been blue collar union workers who are traditionally conservative and support people like Pat Buchanan. Also, people who don't participate in the formal/activist protests can be said to be part of the "movement" in that they are activists for candidates like Perot, join in campaigns or write letters against globalization, etc.

This attempt to identify the movement of anti-globalization as "left-wing" is a conceit of left-wing groups who are trying to keep a political self-identity, and retain contraeity with right wing groups like the National Front. A good observer on this is Noam Chomsky, who noted that in America, particularly, all groups on the fringe, right wing and left wing, tend to resemble each other--Nader in many ways is like Buchanan--and form a "radical center".

 * Absolutely right. Isn't there an article on radical centre, radical center or radical centrist?  There should be, and all should be supported as redirects.  Left-wing politics habitually claim to include green politics, but the greens say otherwise.  That is an important distinction.  There are really left, right, and green elements of anti-globalization groups.

 * Actually, I find that many supporters of green politics talk about themselves as being left-wing and try to differentiate themselves from those traditionally considered conservative (but who have a lot in common with them) like Buchanan. Sure, they differentiate themselves from the liberals in government, but only by talking about them as not being "true" liberals. I was involved in third parties a long time ago--I was in the Reform Party, which aimed to be centrist--but I found that most third party activists, including those in the Reform Party were still in conscience driven deep-down by the traditional left-right spectrum. I recognized that this is part of the reason why third parties aren't suceeding: in the Reform Party, for instance, the party had infighting and splits because of left-right issues; and the other parties, like the Green Party and the US Taxpayers Party, were reluctant to form coalitions with each other, because they identified too much with one side of the left-right spectrum. Also, I just checked the radical center article, which claims Tony Blair and John McCain as part of that movement, and I doubt that many people who identify with either the anti-globalization movement, third party movements, or ideas like the radical center like either of these people. Tony Blair is a globalist definitely; and John McCain is too, and though he acts like he cares about campaign reform, is corrupt.

2. The debate over whether they're really against globalization is dumb. One has to ask, as many here have suggested, what is globalization? Many people who argue in favor of it, and the Wikipedia article defining it, talk about it as a growing global convergence on economic and social matters, and then there is some sort of marvel that people can be against something that seems so good and is innevitable and impossible to stop. The people against it, must therefore be backwards people afraid of progress! So, people in the movement against it fall bait to these definitions and then try to redress this by redefining themselves as "alternative globalists"! What a bunch of confusion!

The truth is, globalization by these definitions, can be said to have started happening in the 15th century with the first European international trade companies. In fact, these definitions are shown to be completely meaningless, because the world is always in a process of "globalization" and its hard to pin down a time when it accelerated. One has to ask, what do people mean when they say now that we are in a proccess of globalization, what do they mean when they support globalization policies, what do they mean when they say globalization is a phenomenon of the late 20th century/early 21st century. THESE are the important questions to ask in defining both globalization and anti-globalization. But this is rarely being asked--instead we get this vague and meaningless definitions that don't serve to do anything except act as confusion. (I have similar reservations, questions, and suggestions for people who try to define the word "feminist"--ie you have to ask why someone would define themselves as feminist in an age where the majority support social equality--but I'll not get into that)

The clue behind what people mean is the fact that people talk about "globalization policies" and not just a broad unconscious and natural trend of globalization. The "process of globalizations" is the history and the movement behind these policies. I can't make it more clear--"globalization" is an ideology not a trend! The ideology supports things that aid the "globalization trend", such as free trade agreements and the elimination of the use of tariffs; international governmental bodies and regulations; the aim to reduce the sovereignty and self determination of the nation state, etc. Colin Powell is a prime example of a globalist.

Being anti-globalization is being against this ideology, nothing more. Being against free trade doesn't even necessarily mean you want high tariff barriers, it is a stand against the zealous "never have a tariff at all" policy of free trade supporters.

Brianshapiro

Inquiry
Aren't the MANY predicted effects of invading Iraq one consequence of this highly mobilized net-connected "movement of movements"? When in history were there so many predictions and warnings and claims made about what would happen if a certain decision were taken? That should probably be mentioned here too in the "Empire" section. Also you need to link Oil imperialism I'd think.

I'm currently working on material for the history of Seattle. Clearly, in that context the events of N30 (and the local aspects of the growth of the movement against global corporatism) are significant: without them, you can't understand the present-day politics of the city. I get the sense that material has been repeatedly added and deleted; for example, this article has a broken link to what must once have been a first-person account (or accounts) of the events. It seems to me that the first serious confrontation between the forces on both sides of this conflict deserves article-length discussion just as much as does a military battle. Is it hard to get to NPOV on controversial, recent material? As they say in Ballard, "Ja, sure, you betcha." But I get the sense that material keeps being deleted from the wikipedia instead of accumulated and balanced.

This is the first I've looked at this page, but I assume someone who is monitoring it can help me: Can anyone help me track down (even deleted) material - and not just in this one article - related to the events so I can mine it for the context of Seattle history? -- Jmabel 18:26, 11 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Joe, there was a text here earlier this year that was an excerpt from a first-hand report written by Jeffrey St Clair. It was refactored out and later deleted because it was copyrighted source material. The full text of the article is here: http://www.counterpunch.org/seattlediary.html I participated in N30 and this article is the best description I have seen of it. HTH -- Viajero 18:40, 11 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks, yes, I am familiar with that article (I was subscribing to Counterpunch at the time, although my subscription has since lapsed). That's useful, but what I'm hoping is that someone can help me track down more than that. I've also left my question at the Reference Desk. -- Jmabel 19:04, 11 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Explanation of changes
At the top of the page globalization is linked to, and then defined. We can have two edit wars over what globalization means, on the anti-globalization movement page and on the globalization page, I figure it's better to leave that for the latter, so I removed the definition from this page (which I felt was NPOV, and the definition of which should be on the other page anyway).

I also changed it to "[they want to change] perceived negative [aspects of globalization]...". Anti-globalization makes it sound like people are absolutely against globalization, whatever that means. Anti-globalization was just a label created in conservative think tanks - no group defines itself as "anti-" something, for example in abortion there is the pro-choice and pro-life lobbies, they both define themselves in positive terms. In other words, I think the term anti-globalization is loaded to begin with, thus if you use it it has to be qualified.

 * I agree it should be qualified - in fact that's what an article is, one big qualifier - but it would be confusing to change the name of this page since most people on both sides of the debate refer to the movement as "anti-globalization" whether they mean it literally or not.

 * However by any measure the "anti-globalization" movement does seem to want less globalization than free tradeing liberal internationalists (or however you frame the opposition). Do you have to be completely against comething to be anti- it? -- stewacide 17:22, 17 Apr 2004 (UTC)

-- Lancemurdoch 08:54, 16 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Recent edit
A recent, anonymous edit commented only as "NPOV" removed the phrase "far right" as characterizing the French National Front (Jean Marie Le Pen's party). I do not see how this characterization is POV. In fact, without it the paragraph makes little sense. Merely being nationalist is not why they are not seen as part of this movement: that would apply to plenty of participants in the movement. It is precisely their far right politics that were the point of the sentence. (BTW, I was not the author of the passage in question.) -- Jmabel 06:07, 21 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Missing elements
A brief skim shows a few important missing elements:

 * The stong pro-globalization stance of almost all developing country governments, and their opposition to the first-world anti-globalization movement (which is usualy characterized as protectionist and imperialistic)
 * What appears to be a sharp decline in anti-globalization support and activism in the past year or so (the movement seemingly disapeared as suddenly as it emerged)
 * The softening of strict neo-liberal policies on the part of the World Bank, IMF, and other leading instruments of globalization that could be seen as oweing to anti-globalization critisism (although this change is more likely due to the increasing uderstanding of economic development)

-- stewacide 17:15, 17 Apr 2004 (UTC)

nod. ant

 * I studied this a few years ago, but from my readings, many developing nations in Africa for example were against free trade agreements, not in favor. Also, why would they call it imperialistic to keep barriers, if after trade barriers are down western corporations move in and dominate the economy, just because they might lose trade? Can you even cite sources? And, although for a few years there was less interest in the issue of free trade it seems to be emerging again as an issue in the 2004 US election. brianshapiro

"...could not define the meaning of the word globalisation..."
An anon recently added to the article, "A survey that was made recently during such a protest has shown that at least 40% of the people protesting could not define the meaning of the word globalisation nor list actual reasons against what they are protesting." With no indication who the survey was by, what type of event it referred to, when is meant by "recently", how it determined who to clasify as a protestor, where one might find a reliable source to verify this statement, etc., I'm not sure this is a useful addition to the article, although it would be if a few of these missing items were filled in. -- Jmabel 23:29, 1 May 2004 (UTC)

I know of absolutely no-one in the so-called 'anti-globalisation movement' who defines themselves as anti-globalisation. Instead, they would tend to define themselves either as anti-capitalist (though some do not consider themselves anti-capitalist either) or in terms of what they are in favour of: greens, anarchists, socialists or 'global justice'.

Obviously this may vary in other parts of the world, but anti-globalisation seems to be a term used by others (especially by the mainstream media) to talk about the movement rather than by the participants themselves.

I consider anti-globalisation to be a misnomer, and a very convenient one for opponents of this movement at that.

I suggest this paragraph for the article based on the above:

Many of those involved in the 'anti-globalisation movement' regard 'anti-globalisation' as a misnomer and prefer to define themselves as, for example, anti-capitalist, green or 'pro-global justice'. However, it is impossible to come up with a definitive label, because no particular group or strand of thought can claim ownership of such a diverse movement.

...but I thought I'd suggest it here first, and check for disagreements, since the article is 'under dispute'.

ChickenMerengo 20:31, 11 May 2004 (UTC)

 * The first pargraph already says, "...Thus, more nuanced terms include anti-capitalist/anti-corporate alternative globalization. Participants may use the positive terms global justice or fair trade movement; or Global Justice and Solidarity Movement (GJ&SM); or Movement of Movements; or simply The Movement."

 * I think your point could be made by editing that to "Many of those involved in the movement' regard "anti-globalization as a misnomer. More nuanced terms include..." (etc., as before). -- Jmabel 21:25, 11 May 2004 (UTC)

Yep, cheers :)

ChickenMerengo 14:29, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

Why completely reverted?
I'm surprised to see User:JRR Trollkien's recent edit completely reverted rather than selectively edited. It seems to me like there was some good material there (mixed in with other edits that were too POV). Someone (including maybe JRRT himself) might want to look through it again and see what might best be restored. -- Jmabel 06:36, 27 May 2004 (UTC)

 * I've tried to incorporate what I could. -- EuroTom 07:50, 5 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Looks like with this and your other recent edits you've done some very good work on this rather tricky topic. -- Jmabel 08:11, Jun 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your kind words. I've been trying to move the article to the point where somebody (someone else) feels the NPOV marker is removable, though I'm personally not sure if we are there yet. My economic views are probable not very similar to most anti-globalisation activists and I oppose the use of violent protest as highly counterproductive. However, I also have great respect for those who hold underlying intentions to improve humanity and our shared world. -- EuroTom 01:43, 6 Jun 2004 (UTC)

"Although not supported by many in the movement, rioting has occurred in Genoa, Seattle and London and extensive damage can be done to the area, especially "capitalist" targets like McDonalds Restaurants."

I think that's a rather slanderous comment. Most of the rioting was done by the police. Otherwise, it was specific actions against specific targets: not looting and car flipping. The term "riot" has a generally negative connotation, and to apply it here incorrect, I think, as events like Seattle are considered great successes and have become part of movement folklore; the "Battle in Seattle" nonsense was just media spectacle, and we're trying to be serious here. The "riot" term is even more offensive in the case of Genoa; really disrespectful to the people killed and injured by the police. --Tothebarricades.tk 20:52, 9 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Perhaps: "Although not supported by many in the movement, extensive damage has occurred to buildings and public facilities during protests in Genoa, Seattle and London, with "capitalist" targets like McDonalds Restaurants being targeted in particular." would be better, if you prefer.

 * However, I think describing some of the activity as 'rioting' is consistent with usage of the term, given lack of permission to protest and extensive damage to benches, cars and shops.

 * Riots or unlawful assemblies occur when crowds of people have gathered and are committing crimes or acts of violence.

 * I don't think it's slanderous either as it is not a 'false statement of fact' nor intended to cause defamation of the movement - if that had been the intention, it would have been silly to describe it as lacking support/being unrepresentative of the majority.

 * Describing them as a 'success' though seems to be quite strong, given the violence. The deaths were obviously unnecessary and the treatment of some of those detained by Italian Carbinari (afterwards) was also completely inconsistent with good practice. However, there is a 'hard core' of protest with anarchist views who do see promotion of the movement through violence as the most effective (and enjoyable?) method - one of the people killed had climbed into a moving Carbinari van and was throwing a fire extinguisher into front. Deaths such as these are less frequent in the UK as the police generally don't take live ammunition to protests (the notable exception being NI during the Troubles).

 * I think the essentially problem is that the media doesn't give nearly as much time to coverage of peaceful activity, relative to the more photogenic violent protest. This means both the overall view is misrepresentative and that some people feel violence is needed to gain sufficient publicity. -- EuroTom 10:10, 15 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Two issues addressed
Ach! Adding a "nuanced" definition is not enough when the title of the article remains, controversially, "anti-globalization." Most within the movement are now using the "global justice" phrase. I think we should seriously consider changing the title of the article to "global justice movement." Some possible objections: Either keeping "anti-globalization" or changing to "global justice" is going to be controversial, right? Both might also seemingly violate NPOV. Perhaps we should consider: would more or less controversy arise from changing the title to "global justice movement"?
 * "The left" does not have a monopoly on justice, and thus, the title is unfair and biased;
 * What is justice? debate will arise (similar to "what is globalization?")

Here is why I must conclude that "global justice" is the better choice. While both terms are loaded, only one, "anti-globalization", is demonstrably inaccurate. The movement in question is avowedly not "anti-globalization". If you talk to the activists involved, they will tell you they are pro-globalization, and only against corporate globalization (neoliberalism). In this context, referring to this movement as "anti-globalization" seems absurd.

"Global justice movement" should replace "anti-globalization movement" as the title because regardless of how anyone else may define "global justice," the fact remains that this movement is for "global justice" as it defines it. I think it is better to err on the side of accuracy rather than with the media or advocates of political correctness in this case; commonality of usage does not mean correctness of usage.

On the issue of whether the use of "riots" is inappropriate or slanderous: many (in particular some anarchists) within the movement do not see "riot" as a negative word at all. They may even take it as a compliment! "Riot" should be used when the situation fits the definition of the word, and not used when it does not. It's that simple.

-- Spleeman 07:56, 23 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * I'd suggest "anti-globalisation" is the more well known term by quite a way, (though Google reckons they're of similar due to lots of organisations having "Global Justice" in the title). You could certainly create a page on Global Justice Movement too, though.

 * NB: some Unions and welfare-orientated protestors do oppose aspects of globalisation that transfer jobs to other countries or reduce tariffs to goods from poorer countries, so that may mean it has some accuracy as a description. -- EuroTom 23:59, 24 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, you are right. The Global Justice Movement is most certainly opposed to corporate globalization. I only meant to point out that many within the movement openly declare support for globalization in the sense of "building a world community", for example. Spleeman 00:22, 25 Jun 2004 (UTC)

By the way, I noticed you changed "tension" to "inconsistency". Since, as you point out a few lines later, some people don't even believe there is an "inconsistency", might that the use of that word appear a bit biased? Perhaps you should change it back to "tension" or use some other word. Or how about "seeming inconsistency"? Spleeman

 * Changed for clarity as "tension" is presumably a metaphor for the inconsistency or hypocritic nature of promoting rule-by-the-people abroad whilst not having rule-by-the-people on the very decision to send troops. Will change to "seeming inconsistency" as you suggest. -- EuroTom 01:20, 25 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Can we have some clarifications in this article?
This is a pretty good article, but it could be better. I notice that there are a lot of weasel terms in the article. I'm not an expert in anti-globalisation, but I'm certainly open to it. As it currently stands, this article could do with a lot work, I'm afraid. Here are the sections of text I'm concerned with:

 * "Many of those involved in the movement regard the term "anti-globalization" as a misnomer..." - can we have some examples?
 * "Some factions of the movement reject globalization as such..." - which factions?
 * "Some activists in the movement have objected not to capitalism or international markets as such but rather..." - which activists?
 * "Activists often also oppose business alliances like..." - which activists?
 * "Others argue that, if borders are opened to capital..." - I'm no expert in the anti-globalization movement, so I have no way of knowing who these people are. If I don't know who says these things, then how can I check out this information? I'm sure someone who is involved in this movement could clarify this very easily though.
 * "Critics claim this form of publicity is expensive in police time and the public purse" - which critics?
 * "Some call this an anti-monoculture movement, and make strong links between ecological, social, and ideological diversity doctrines." - I'm sure there are, but who is saying this exactly?!?
 * In "Influence on the developing world", the phrase "Some people claim that the major mobilizations have taken place mainly in the developed world" - which people claim this?
 * In the criticism section, we have a whole paragraph like the preceding!
 * The anti-globalization movement has been heavily criticized on many fronts by politicians, members of right-wing thinktanks, mainstream economists, and other supporters of free trade policies. Participants in the movement dismiss these criticisms as carping from a tiny minority who can express their opinions via what they call the corporate media. They claim that the criticisms themselves are self-serving and unrepresentative of informed popular opinion.

 * "A survey that was made recently during such a protest has shown that at least 40% of the people protesting could not define the meaning of the word globalisation nor list actual reasons against what they are protesting." - firstly, don't use the word "recently". This dates very quickly. Secondly, what survey? How do I know that the author just isn't making this up?!? Anyone could write this. Heck, I could write that a survey of recent elephants showed that most didn't actually know what a mouse was, let alone be terrified of it! :P Please cite your source please, otherwise remove it.
 * "This contrasts with the 'goals' of those in the movement, in favour of improving the conditions of ordinary farmers and workers everywhere." Why is the word goals in quotation marks?
 * "Anti-globalization activists counter" please say who these activists are. I would like to be able to check out this myself!
 * "Some have criticized its claim to be non-violent." - who has criticised its claim? Give evidence!
 * "Aside from the indisputably violent tactics by a minority of protesters (possibly aggravated by the police), some see a enforced blockade of events and public throughways as a violent action, in and of itself." - double whammy. Firstly, this is the POV of the first author. Remove the term "indisputably" and this might make it better... just. Secondly, it then says "some see a enforced blockage of events..." - who says this?! Give evidence.
 * "Some believe that the key organisers are really Trotskyite" - who believes this?! Again, give evidence so I can check out your assertion.
 * "The counterargument to this is that the movement has a very horizontal power structure" Give evidence.

So, people, can we please clean up this article. It has the potential to be really effective, it just needs a few modifications and clarifications!

Ta bu shi da yu 06:14, 7 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Now there are also peacock terms, among them being the following:

 * "It is also worth noting that many nationalist movements, such as the French National Front are also against globalization."

There is also unnecessary commentary in the article:
 * "which would no doubt enrage many followers of specific ideologies" - firstly it does not specifically name who those idealogies are, and secondly it's calling on speculation as fact
 * "which is, arguably, unnecessary in public protest." - the authors POV. Readers can work this out for themselves.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Category:Royal Canadian Air Force

This category is for the national air force of Canada from 1924 to 1968, known as the Royal Canadian Air Force. For the history of Canadian military aviation, including that before 1924, see the History of Canadian military aviation category.

title: Category:Royal Canadian Air Force


text:
Talk:Criticisms of globalization

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Sharonjchoi.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 18:42, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

New page
I have started this page as this topic does not seem to be dealt with in any other place.-- Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 17:26, 23 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Some great stats -- Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) 15:43, 27 March 2009 (UTC)

 * FWIW, here I am, over 11 years later saying that ... this edit resulted in the removal of contents from this talk page and the removed contents being moved to Talk:Anti-globalization movement (via this edit), which is a separate article/subject. Unfortunately, I cannot just move the contents back here since the sections transferred over there have been responded to since, so their current contents would not represent what is currently in Criticisms of globalization (since they were responded to after they were moved to Talk:Anti-globalization movement). So, I'm noting that the talk page discussions have been fragmented, but at this point, moving them back to their original locations would cause discussion continuity issues. Steel1943  (talk) 18:33, 9 April 2020 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Criticisms of socialism which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. Marcus Qwertyus   21:38, 2 January 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Criticisms of globalization. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20130207011119/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2007/full_list/index.html to http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2007/full_list/index.html/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 07:23, 29 August 2015 (UTC)

additional evaluations to article
Under the heading, it only discusses the example of globalization in Africa, so it should include more examples of other countries negatively effected by the limitations of growth of globalization.

Under the has a run on sentence in the second paragraph. Jcrobinsonberkeley (talk) 20:57, 18 September 2016 (UTC)

Anti-Western Bias
I'm not denying the negative effects of globalization in forcing western culture on other nations, however its not like globalization is great for western countries either; if anything they are just as hurt by it, just in different ways.

The article literally only discusses globalization in an anti-western lens and hence appears incomplete and very biased. 209.171.88.84 (talk) 03:04, 20 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Yeah I'm agreed with, the subject should be rewritten in WP:NPOV with good WP:RS. The Supermind (talk) 19:09, 15 July 2021 (UTC)

Unwarranted assertions
The intro says "globalization is a set-in-stone "program" that is difficult to implement without political unrest." Where's the evidence for that? What is "a set-in-stone "program"" supposed to mean? It implies that something or someone or some group is running this "program", but where is the evidence for that? And it also implies that some entity or group is conspiring to deliberately plan this, but there is no evidence for this, unless you think this is the secret purpose of the Bilderberg Group for example. Similarly, "Globalization can be partly responsible for the current global economic crisis". What global economic crisis? The global standard of living is increasing, and inequality is decreasing. While some people in western economies may very understandably resent their jobs being moved to the third world, for the locals there it is a greater benefit. Better to have the choice between one not very good job and no job, or between one not very good job and an even worse job, than no choice. It is unreasonable to condemn people in the third world to short lives of poverty. 92.3.77.16 (talk) 10:44, 8 January 2018 (UTC)

Lacking sources, and language is not neutral
The introductory paragraph is just a mess overall. Almost nothing is sourced and the language is definitely biased. Dokterclaw (talk) 16:36, 21 January 2018 (UTC)

This page is a mess
Not only is the lead terrible but the actual sections contain very little citations and border on conspiracies. Moonyprong01 (talk) 07:57, 16 March 2019 (UTC)
 * It may be the nature of those doing the criticism. The Globalization page is in a better state.--Twilight Tinker (talk) 18:17, 9 April 2020 (UTC)

Very biased page
Clearly written by a disgruntled Muslim who is upset with the west. I am a strong critic of globalisation but this article is horrible. Should focus more on actual empirical consequences of globalisation rather than the authors anecdotes and opinions. 2001:8004:CC2:5211:703D:F0FE:138D:A8B7 (talk) 06:53, 24 February 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Criticisms of globalization


text: Category:Military of Vietnam

title: Category:Military of Vietnam


text: Category:Vietnam

title: Category:Vietnam


text:
Rudbeckia hirta

Rudbeckia hirta, commonly called black-eyed Susan, is a North American flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Eastern and Central North America and naturalized in the Western part of the continent as well as in China. It has now been found in all 10 Canadian Provinces and all 48 of the states in the contiguous United States.

Rudbeckia hirta is the state flower of Maryland.

Description
Rudbeckia hirta is an upright annual (sometimes biennial or perennial) growing 30 - 100 cm tall by 30 - 45 cm wide. It has alternate, mostly basal leaves 10–18 cm long, covered by coarse hair, with stout branching stems and daisy-like, composite flower heads appearing in late summer and early autumn. In the species, the flowers are up to 10 cm in diameter, with yellow ray florets circling conspicuous brown or black, dome-shaped cone of many small disc florets. However, extensive breeding has produced a range of sizes and colours, including oranges, reds and browns.

Etymology and common names
The specific epithet hirta is Latin for “hairy”, and refers to the trichomes occurring on leaves and stems. Other common names for this plant include: brown-eyed Susan, brown betty, gloriosa daisy, golden Jerusalem, English bull's eye, poor-land daisy, yellow daisy, and yellow ox-eye daisy.

Varieties
There are four varieties
 * Rudbeckia hirta var. angustifolia - southeastern + south-central United States (South Carolina to Texas)
 * Rudbeckia hirta var. floridana - Florida
 * Rudbeckia hirta var. hirta - Eastern United States (Maine to Alabama).
 * Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima - Widespread in most of North America (Newfoundland to British Columbia, south to Alabama and New Mexico; naturalized Washington to California).

Cultivation
Rudbeckia hirta is widely cultivated in parks and gardens, for summer bedding schemes, borders, containers, wildflower gardens, prairie-style plantings and cut flowers. Numerous cultivars have been developed, of which 'Indian Summer' and 'Toto' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Other popular cultivars include 'Double Gold' and 'Marmalade'.

Gloriosa daisies are tetraploid cultivars having much larger flower heads than the wild species, often doubled or with contrasting markings on the ray florets. They were first bred by Alfred Blakeslee of Smith College by applying colchicine to R. hirta seeds; Blakeslee's stock was further developed by W. Atlee Burpee and introduced to commerce at the 1957 Philadelphia Flower Show. Gloriosa daisies are generally treated as annuals or short-lived perennials and are typically grown from seed, though there are some named cultivars.

Maryland state flower
The black-eyed Susan was designated the state flower of Maryland in 1918. In this capacity it is used in gardens and ceremonies to celebrate, memorialize and show affection for the state of Maryland and its people. The Preakness Stakes in Baltimore, Maryland, has been termed "The Run for the Black-Eyed Susans" because a blanket of Viking Poms, a variety of chrysanthemums resembling black-eyed Susans, is traditionally placed around the winning horse's neck (actual black-eyed Susans are not in bloom in May during the Preakness).

University of Southern Mississippi
In 1912, the black-eyed Susan became the inspiration for the University of Southern Mississippi school colors (black and gold), suggested by Florence Burrow Pope, a member of the university's first graduating class. According to Pope: “On a trip home, I saw great masses of Black-Eyed Susans in the pine forests. I decided to encourage my senior class to gather Black-Eyed Susans to spell out the name of the class on sheets to be displayed during exercises on Class Day. I then suggested black and gold as class colors, and my suggestion was adopted."

Butterfly attractant for enhancing gardens
Butterflies are attracted to Rudbeckia hirta. It is a larval host to the bordered patch, gorgone checkerspot, and silvery checkerspot species.

Mosquito control by dragonflies
Dragonflies, voracious eaters of mosquitoes, are attracted by the tiny pollinators of these flowers.

Traditional Native American uses
The plant is thought to be an herbal medicine by Native American for various ailments. The roots but not the seedheads of Rudbeckia hirta can be used much like the related Echinacea purpurea with unsubstantiated claims to boost immunity and fight colds, flu and infections. The Ojibwa people used it as a poultice for snake bites and to make an infusion for treating colds and worms in children.

Cautions
The species is toxic to cats when ingested.

title: Rudbeckia hirta


text:
Talk:May 15 incident

Comments
Wondering if the following line prevents NPOV:

Actually not such an odd turn of events at all.

--Ghost Freeman 03:32, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Found this,, wondering if this was just ghost in the shell history turned presumed history. The first page of the result on this are wikipedia and wikipedia mirrors, and none are refed.--Rayc 05:59, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

I found this. still no source on the number of assassins, petitions, or fingers in a box. - Anonymous 21:04, 16 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, there is a Japanese wikipedia page linked (and also a nonexistent Italian one) but since I don't read Japanese about all I can make out of it is that the same image and some of the dates are similar to the one in the English page. A google search brings up several corroborating sources for the bare bones of the incident. (eg. ). My vote is genuine incident, although the exact details aren't yet sourced to my preference.--BlackAndy 06:26, 17 June 2007 (UTC)

Whaaaaat!!! The May 15 Incident is a well-documented historical event, during which a prime minister of Japan was assassinated. While some question as to some of the veracity of details mentioned in the article may exist, the issue of whether or not the Incident itself occured is absolutely not in question. --MChew 07:33, 17 June 2007 (UTC)

May I ask why does Patrick sylvester redirect here? --213.140.6.97 (talk) 21:58, 24 March 2008 (UTC)
 * The redirect appears to have been someone's idea of a prank. This has now been corrected. --MChew (talk) 17:18, 25 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Though it was a sort of prank, it was a good reference to Ghost In The Shell Stand Alone Complex 2nd GIG, and I would have to agree, that GITS SAC 2ND GIG should be mentioned somehow in the article, after all, it's probably one of the only pop cultural references to this incident and thus, probably what a large portion of the hits to this page are based on. 17:32, 16 July 2010 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Arkkeeper (talk • contribs)

Hello All, Re last comments regarding User Talk in 2008, I have added a section on Ghost in the Shell, which I hope will be to everyone's liking - please comment, amend, discuss, truncate, expand as necessary. Regarding the event's historicity - I did indeed study this incident in High School history class, and so seeing it in the anime evoked memories.Deepshark (talk) 06:45, 6 August 2012 (UTC)

A suggestionː The order of names in Japanese is family name followed by given name. The names in this article are not consistently in either Japanese or English order. I would suggest deciding which way to use for the sake of consistency. I can do this (here and on related pages) if it's OK to do so. On January 1st 2020, a government decree ordained that official documents should follow the Japanese convention for Japanese (and other Asian) people’s names when they are rendered in the Latin alphabet. This is not being enforced everywhere, but might be a factor in deciding which order to use here. SPV (talk) 12:04, 8 July 2020 (UTC)

"Patrick sylvestre" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Patrick sylvestre and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 January 9 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Pichpich (talk) 21:47, 9 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:May 15 incident


text:
User talk:Bcameron54

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text
 * IRC channel
 * Mailing lists
 * Current polls

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 03:33, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Cause of prostate cancer
I'm responding to your message on my talkpage. Firstly, I find your style unpleasant and extremely patronising. I presume you are referring to my informed removal of the phrase "The actual cause, or etiology of prostate cancer is unknown, as for most cancers". My objections were actually for more reasons than just the ones I mentioned in the edit summary.

Firstly, it is a stylistic issue: it reflects an unwarranted ignorance. "Oh, boys, we don't know what causes cancer." That is a statement that is fully without merits.

Secondly - we actually know a lot about chromosomal damage, oncogenes, tumour-suppresion genes, gene silencing, cancer immunology. But do we know more about heart attacks? Just about as much. It's caused by plaque rupture and coronary thrombosis, leading to myocardial ischaemia. But what causes plaque rupture? Why does a plaque become unstable? Why are the plaques there in first place - what initiates atherosclerosis?

Instead of de facto forcing me to place back that mindless sentence please engage in a discussion that assumes good faith and remains civil. Thank you. JFW | T@lk  22:02, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

 * I am not offended by your directness. So, tell us about the actual cause, not about the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.  Or, is it not known? How would you phrase it?  It is worth stating the unknowns precisely and directly, so as not to mislead the reader or ourselves into thinking we know something that we don't, and to direct our thoughts towards important unknowns. Best regards, Bcameron54 23:34, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

Does every condition have an "actual direct cause"? There are numerous conditions where I am confident that we will never find a single etiologic agent. These are simply multifactorial, and only a "final common pathway" explains the illness. In cancer, external and internal risk factors predispose to DNA damage, leading to a mitotic intracellular proteome and lack of normal inhibition. To attempt to capture this well-known paradigm as "etiology unknown" is a misrepresentation, at least in my view. Obviously there are important unknowns, but one should first outline the prevailing theory before pointing out the lacunae in that theory. JFW | T@lk  16:42, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I do not share your confidence. Why should mice get a specific cancer clearly due to a specific etiology, but in the analogous human disease no specific etiology will ever be found because the disease has complex genetic pathogenesis and is "simply multifactorial".  To say the etiology is unknown is not to insist on a single cause.  Peptic ulcer disease (etiology: H. pylori; cofactor: acid - which used to be the cause, remember?; promotors: stress, steroids, NSAIDs), Kaposi's sarcoma (etiology: HHV-8, or KSHV; co-factor: immune deficiency of age or HIV), cancer of cervix (etiology: HPV; promotors: tobacco, other STI's), oropharyngeal and anal cancer (probable etiology: HPV, co-factors or promotors:EtOH and tobacco) and a string of others are past examples of what serendipitous or actively pursued research can produce in the way of etiology where complex pathogenesis had to suffice before.  If we disbelieve the existence of etiologies of common diseases of complex and unknown origin, we will unlikely look for them.  To deny these unknowns in favour of accepted but inadequate theories based only on existing knowledge is arbitrary, misleading and no more valid than confessing 'unknown'.  In articles on breast or prostate cancer, or atherosclerosis for that matter, it would be useful to state the prevailing theories of pathogenesis to which you have alluded, and then include the  point about unknown etiology, with its place in conceptual models of pathogenesis.  Pathogenesis which you describe is not etiology, but may be included in a 'chain of causation' beginning with etiology and ending with disease, including 'multiple hits' theories. It would be very easy to reference the unknown status of etiology, with concrete historical examples of discoveries, and a point to a good literature on causation in disease as well. Or, until someone makes a stub for a new article, we could settle for 'unknown.'  Best regards,  Bcameron54 03:19, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

As an analogy there is the point-to-point analysis of critical incidents as performed by managers. Some incidents have one attributable cause (e.g. pilot was drunk, pressed wrong button & crashed plane), but the vast majority are due to failing compensatory mechanisms reinforcing each other, and no single event can justifiably be labeled as truly causative. I think this is a suitable analogy for the discussion we are having, which goes to the heart of many multifactorial conditions. Many forms on cancer will fall into that catagory where it will simply be impossible to pinpoint the initiating event. Cumulative DNA damage by ionising radiation, dietary carcinogens, radical oxygen species as part of chronic inflammation are all contributory causes to many malignancies.

Meanwhile, I'm a bit hesitant to label a disease: "CAUSE - UNKNOWN" because the reader will make the same "mistake" as me, namely to confuse cause with mechanism. They will get the impression the subject has not been studied well enough. JFW | T@lk  16:07, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Dear Dr Wolff - Here is an immediately accessible reference from a credible source (only the latest of very many), which I believe lives up to Wikipedia policies on verifiability. It supports the reasonable statement that the etiology of prostate cancer is unknown, that pathogenesis is distinct and complex (but inextricably intertwined if you wish),  and that there are needs for much further study.  With your blessing, I may compose a paragraph on etiology for your approval, then to add to the article on prostate cancer.  Thank you for your input.

Frontiers in Bioscience 11, 1388-1413, May 1, 2006

Prostate cancer epidemiology

Ann W. Hsing 1 and Anand P. Chokkalingam 2

1 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20852-7234, 2 School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720-7380

ABSTRACT

Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer among men in most western populations, and it is the second leading cause of cancer death among U.S. men. Despite its high morbidity, the etiology of prostate cancer remains largely unknown. Advancing age, race, and a family history of prostate cancer are the only established risk factors. Many putative risk factors, including androgens, diet, physical activity, sexual factors, inflammation, and obesity, have been implicated, but their roles in prostate cancer etiology remain unclear. It is estimated that as much as 42% of the risk of prostate cancer may be accounted for by genetic influences, including individual and combined effects of rare, highly penetrant genes, more common weakly penetrant genes, and genes acting in concert with each other. Numerous genetic variants in the androgen biosynthesis/metabolism, carcinogen metabolism, DNA repair, and chronic inflammation pathways, have been explored, but the results are largely inconclusive. '''The pathogenesis of prostate cancer likely involves interplay between environmental and genetic factors. To unravel these complex relationships, large well-designed interdisciplinary epidemiologic studies are needed'''. With newly available molecular tools, a new generation of large-scale multidisciplinary population-based studies is beginning to investigate gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Results of these studies may lead to better detection, treatment, and, ultimately, prevention of prostate cancer. http://www.bioscience.org/2006/v11/af/1891/fulltext.htm

Best regards, Bcameron54 17:49, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the abstract. If you insist on mentioning that the etiology of prostate cancer is unknown, I will not object. JFW | T@lk  21:22, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

I'm quite happy with the way it looks now. Perhaps this kind of discussion is best conducted on the article's talk page, so other editors can offer their opinion. JFW | T@lk  12:01, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

Your update to Jiffy
I just wanted you to know that I mean no offense, but have removed your addition to this page. I believe that the dab pages are only supposed to contain links to the other articles. The note about 0.01 seconds can be found at the Jiffy (time) article which is linked on the page. Regards. --Brian G (Talk) 03:00, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

Thanks but I recall no update by me. Maybe another? Bcameron54 00:11, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

changed my password. thx. Bcameron54 00:24, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Prostitution
I reverted your last addition to Prostitution simply because the nature of the addition requires it be added with its reference work. However, the addition is not just appropriate but a necessary part of the text of a good article about prosititution, so please simply source and add it back. Good work. Thanks. KP Botany 18:46, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your comment. I know this is a sensitive area.  We might also consider deleting the unreferenced (and false) statements, then. Bcameron54 22:19, 6 August 2007 (UTC)
 * The article is deeply problematic, but is well-guarded by the folks who want to keep the picture of the German photographer because, and oh is this not PC of me, I assume it's their fantasy view of what a prostitute looks like. There is a lot that need deleted from the article, but come armed with excellent sources and neutral tone or you won't get anywhere.  You might not, even if you are well-armed.  It's a bad article.  KP Botany 22:32, 6 August 2007 (UTC)
 * thanks. that's funny. Bcameron54 22:36, 6 August 2007 (UTC)
 * It takes all kinds. KP Botany 22:38, 6 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Get the references up with the content, though! And good luck.  KP Botany 23:45, 6 August 2007 (UTC)

Berlin-Bagdad Railway
When will you be able to make the edit you promised on July 22 to the origins of World War I covering the Berlin-Bagdad Railway? This edit is required to remove the "unbalanced" symbol from the article.

Werchovsky 16:45, 18 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Thank you for the gentle reminder. I have been thinking about it, and I will get to it.  I hope it will not be removed again and again as it has in the past, if I get the consensus of opinions and 'permissions' of the serial removers right this time. Bcameron54 22:40, 22 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the message regarding the new book on the Berlin-Bagdad Railway. I have not had much time to edit for the last couple years, so I only defend the Assassination of Franz Ferdinand article.  I just looked on as the July Crisis section of "Origins of WW1" and the July Ultimatum article were merged into a new July Crisis article based on Fischer and Fromkin and I grow more and more depressed as the actual diplomatic timeline gets submersed in discussions of the evil motives and rants of this or that German official.  The article is so important and yet so bad it cannot be fixed.  At least the Causes article is in better shape.Werchovsky (talk) 20:39, 17 August 2010 (UTC)

Re:mulroney
The policy the edit violates is neutral point of view. You can't claim that his attempt at constitutional reform was a "dramatic failure" or that it's what he's remembered for, without citing a reliable source. You can, however, state that someone notable claimed that it was a dramatic failure, as long as you have a reference to back it up. ... disco spinster   talk  18:16, 4 May 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of The Brickley Engine
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article The Brickley Engine, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process
 * Non-notable invention; fails WP:Crystal (should increase)

All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised because, even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Blowdart | talk 18:25, 13 December 2008 (UTC)

Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to contribute to the encyclopedia, but when you add or change content please cite a reliable source for the content of your edit. This helps maintain our policy of verifiability. Take a look at Citing sources for information about how to cite sources and the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Thank you. —  Jeff G. ツ  04:29, 9 August 2010 (UTC)

Notification: changes to "Mark my edits as minor by default" preference
Hello there. This is an automated message to tell you about the gradual phasing out of the preference entitled "Mark all edits minor by default", which you currently have (or very recently had) enabled.

On 13 March 2011, this preference was hidden from the user preferences screen as part of efforts to prevent its accidental misuse (consensus discussion). This had the effect of locking users in to their existing preference, which, in your case, was. To complete the process, your preference will automatically be changed to  in the next few days. This does not require any intervention on your part and you will still be able to manually mark your edits as being 'minor'. The only thing that's changed is that you will no longer have them marked as minor by default.

For established users such as yourself there is a workaround available involving custom JavaScript. If you are familiar with the contents of WP:MINOR, and believe that it is still beneficial to the encyclopedia to have all your edits marked as such by default, then this discussion will give you the details you need to continue with this functionality indefinitely. If you have any problems, feel free to drop me a note.

Thank you for your understanding and happy editing :) Editing on behalf of User:Jarry1250, LivingBot (talk) 18:33, 14 March 2011 (UTC)

grammar and fluency
MAD: try 'mutually assured destruction' vs 'assured mutual destruction' - which do you prefer? BCameron54 4:43 pm, Today (UTC−4)
 * I'm placing this here, as you left a comment on my user page rather than my talk page. The question you ask is out of context. It should be mutual(ly) assured destruction (MAD), but having it the other way emphasizes the phrase. So, basically, it depends. It's not absolute. Hires an editor (talk) 00:18, 6 August 2012 (UTC)

Nomination of Sedatephobia for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Sedatephobia is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Sedatephobia until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. —Ignatzmicetalkcontribs 00:17, 9 April 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for April 5
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Decision Points, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Tom Dowling. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 08:56, 5 April 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:13, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 12
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Aneurin Bevan, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Diapason ([//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/Aneurin_Bevan check to confirm] | [//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/Aneurin_Bevan?client=notify fix with Dab solver]). Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:05, 12 March 2019 (UTC)

Problem with your custom signature
You have a custom signature set in your account preferences. A change to Wikipedia's software has made your current custom signature incompatible with the software.

The problem: Your preferences are set to interpret your custom signature as wikitext. However, your current custom signature does not contain any wikitext.

The solutions: You can reset your signature to the default, or you can fix your signature.

 * Solution 1: Reset your signature to the default:
 * Find the signature section in the first tab of Special:Preferences.
 * Uncheck the box (☑→☐) that says "Treat the above as wiki markup."
 * Remove anything in the text box.  (It might already be empty.)
 * Click the blue "" button at the bottom of the page. (The red "" button will reset all of your preference settings, not just the signature.)
 * Solution 2: Fix your custom signature:
 * Find the signature section in the first tab of Special:Preferences.
 * Uncheck the box (☑→☐) that says "Treat the above as wiki markup."
 * Click the blue "" button at the bottom of the page.

More information about custom signatures is available at Signatures. If you have followed these instructions and still want help, please leave a message at Wikipedia talk:Signatures. 19:04, 3 September 2020 (UTC)

done thx. BCameron54 (talk) 20:15, 3 September 2020 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for November 14
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Kanata.

(Opt-out instructions.) --DPL bot (talk) 06:08, 14 November 2020 (UTC)

ArbCom 2022 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2022 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2022 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:25, 29 November 2022 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for July 10
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Mac Harb, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Nancy Smith.

(Opt-out instructions.) --DPL bot (talk) 06:01, 10 July 2023 (UTC)

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:20, 28 November 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bcameron54


text: Category:Military of Switzerland

title: Category:Military of Switzerland


text: Category:Military of Tonga

title: Category:Military of Tonga


text:
List of Athens Metro stations

The Athens Metro is a rapid transit system serving the Athens urban area and parts of East Attica. As of 10 October 2022, there are 66 stations on three different lines. 62 of the 66 stations are owned and operated by Urban Rail Transport S.A. (STASY): three stations (Pallini, Paiania–Kantza and Koropi) are owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation and operated by Hellenic Train, while the Athens Airport station is owned and operated by the airport authority that owns and manages Athens International Airport.

The opening of the second phase of the Line 3 extension towards Piraeus, in October 2022, added two new stations to the network (Dimotiko Theatro and Maniatika), bringing the total to 66.

Overview
All Athens Metro trains and stations are accessible for wheelchair users. However, Transport for Athens (OASA) advises wheelchair users of Line 1 to travel in the leading car, and to ask staff to deploy a portable boarding ramp (located on the platforms) at Agios Nikolaos, Monastiraki and Omonia, because the curved platforms at these stations leave a significant gap between the train and the platform.

Stations
Listed for each of the 66 stations are the lines serving it, the local authority in which it is located, and the date when it opened. The spelling of the station names on this table, in English and Greek, are according to the signage. Interchange stations are counted once: they are currently five of them, at Attiki and Omonia (Lines 1 and 2), Monastiraki and Piraeus (Lines 1 and 3), and Syntagma (Lines 2 and 3).

Station layouts
Most Athens Metro stations have two tracks and two side platforms. The following stations have a different layout:

Park and ride facilities
There are six park and ride facilities: four are managed by STASY, and two by Elliniko Metro.

The 240-space car park for Katechaki, operated by Elliniko Metro, was closed due to the construction of Line 4.

Future stations
Construction of the first stage of Line 4 began on 22 June 2021, with a target completion date of 2029. The project will create fourteen new stations and make Evangelismos an interchange station with Line 3. Akadimia will be a standalone station, but there will be a direct tunnel connection with Line 2 at Panepistimio, under Patriarch Gregory V Street. All the stations will be underground. Except for Evangelismos, the spelling of the station names on this table, in English and Greek, are according to Elliniko Metro (the infrastructure manager of the Athens Metro).

title: List of Athens Metro stations


text:
TWINKLE

TWINKLE (The Weizmann Institute Key Locating Engine) is a hypothetical integer factorization device described in 1999 by Adi Shamir and purported to be capable of factoring 512-bit integers. It is also a pun on the twinkling LEDs used in the device. Shamir estimated that the cost of TWINKLE could be as low as $5000 per unit with bulk production. TWINKLE has a successor named TWIRL which is more efficient.

Method
The goal of TWINKLE is to implement the sieving step of the Number Field Sieve algorithm, which is the fastest known algorithm for factoring large integers. The sieving step, at least for 512-bit and larger integers, is the most time consuming step of NFS. It involves testing a large set of numbers for B-'smoothness', i.e., absence of a prime factor greater than a specified bound B.

What is remarkable about TWINKLE is that it is not a purely digital device. It gets its efficiency by eschewing binary arithmetic for an "optical" adder which can add hundreds of thousands of quantities in a single clock cycle.

The key idea used is "time-space inversion". Conventional NFS sieving is carried out one prime at a time. For each prime, all the numbers to be tested for smoothness in the range under consideration which are divisible by that prime have their counter incremented by the logarithm of the prime (similar to the sieve of Eratosthenes). TWINKLE, on the other hand, works one candidate smooth number (call it X) at a time. There is one LED corresponding to each prime smaller than B. At the time instant corresponding to X, the set of LEDs glowing corresponds to the set of primes that divide X. This can be accomplished by having the LED associated with the prime p glow once every p time instants. Further, the intensity of each LED is proportional to the logarithm of the corresponding prime. Thus, the total intensity equals the sum of the logarithms of all the prime factors of X smaller than B. This intensity is equal to the logarithm of X if and only if X is B-smooth.

Even in PC-based implementations, it's a common optimization to speed up sieving by adding approximate logarithms of small primes together. Similarly, TWINKLE has much room for error in its light measurements; as long as the intensity is at about the right level, the number is very likely to be smooth enough for the purposes of known factoring algorithms. The existence of even one large factor would imply that the logarithm of a large number is missing, resulting in a very low intensity; because most numbers have this property, the device's output would tend to consist of stretches of low intensity output with brief bursts of high intensity output.

In the above it is assumed that X is square-free, i.e. it is not divisible by the square of any prime. This is acceptable since the factoring algorithms only require "sufficiently many" smooth numbers, and the "yield" decreases only by a small constant factor due to the square-freeness assumption. There is also the problem of false positives due to the inaccuracy of the optoelectronic hardware, but this is easily solved by adding a PC-based post-processing step for verifying the smoothness of the numbers identified by TWINKLE.

title: TWINKLE


text:
Interleaved 2 of 5

Interleaved 2 of 5 (ITF) is a continuous two-width barcode symbology encoding digits. It is used commercially on 135 film, for ITF-14 barcodes, and on cartons of some products, while the products inside are labeled with UPC or EAN.

ITF encodes pairs of digits; the first digit is encoded in the five bars (or black lines), while the second digit is encoded in the five spaces (or white lines) interleaved with them. Two out of every five bars or spaces are wide (hence exactly 2 of 5). The digits are encoded to symbols as follows: where "n" is a narrow line (bar or space) and "W" a wide line (2.0 to 3.0 times the width of a narrow line).

The wide lines form a two-out-of-five code with consecutive values of 1, 2, 4, 7, and 0, where the code 0 has a value of 11. This is similar to the POSTNET bar code.

Before the actual pairs there is a start code consisting of nnnn (narrow bar – narrow space – narrow bar – narrow space), and after all symbols there is the stop code consisting of Wnn (Wide bar – narrow space – narrow bar).

Because digits are encoded by pairs, only an even number of digits can be encoded. Typically an odd number of digits is encoded by adding a "0" as first digit, but sometimes an odd number of digits is encoded by using five narrow spaces in the last digit.

A checksum can be added as last digit, which is calculated in the same way as UPC checksums.

There are specific constraints on the height and width of the bars and the width of the "quiet zones", the blank areas before the start and after the stop symbol.

ITF is often used for marking product ID numbers or other codes, of various lengths, on item cartons and multi-unit cases. One specific instance of this, standardized by GS1, is the ITF-14 bar code used to mark packages with Global Trade Item Numbers. In these uses, the ITF bar code symbol is usually printed surrounded with a thick black rectangular border called the Bearer Bar. The Bearer Bar surrounds the entire symbol and the quiet zones, abutting the ends of the bars. The purpose of a Bearer Bar is to equalize the pressure exerted by the printing plate over the entire surface of the symbol, and to enhance reading reliability by helping to reduce the probability of misreads occurring when the bar code is scanned at too large an angle so that the scanning beam crosses the top and/or bottom edge of the bar code rather than scanning across all bars, entering through the leftmost bar and exiting through the rightmost bar (or vice versa for a reverse scan). Such a "short scan" which does not extend through all of the bars obviously cannot result in a correct read of the complete bar code, but by the nature of the interleaved 2 of 5 code, it is possible for a short scan that begins in the middle of the bar code to begin with a pattern that corresponds to the required start pattern, or for a short scan that ends in the middle of the bar code to end with a pattern that corresponds to the required stop pattern. In this way the short scan, though incorrect, may appear to be a correct full scan. The Bearer Bar prevents this error, as a short scan will pass through the Bearer Bar as it passes across the top or bottom edge of the bar code. Since the Bearer Bar is much wider than any legitimate black bar, it will ensure that the short scan cannot appear to begin with the correct start pattern and end with the correct end pattern, forcing an invalid scan. The bar code can then be re-scanned, either automatically or manually. (If the short scan was not recognized as invalid, the misread data would be accepted and used as if it was good data, and there would be no chance to automatically rescan the bar code to correct the bad data.)

On 135 film (35 mm) canisters, interleaved 2 of 5 is used to identify the manufacturer, the film type, number of exposures and proprietary information in 6 digits. The barcode is located between the electrically read silver and black DX Camera Auto-Sensing Code and the film can exit lip. It is optically scanned by many film-processing machines when the cartridge is inserted for developing.

Identcode and Leitcode are variants of interleaved 2 of 5 with check digits used by Deutsche Post.

title: Interleaved 2 of 5