text:
Talk:The New York Times

Political Bias
The article no where mentions that the newspaper has not endorsed a Republican for president in 70 years. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_election_endorsements_made_by_The_New_York_Times 64.31.13.163 (talk) 08:24, 6 June 2024 (UTC)

 * The article mentions the number of Democratic and Republican presidents endorsed by the Times: "The New York Times has endorsed a total of twelve Republican candidates and thirty Democratic candidates." I believe this is sufficient and see no need to specifically highlight that they haven't endorsed a Republican president in 70 years. Frankserafini87 (talk) 04:24, 29 June 2024 (UTC)

Undiscussed move
I just noticed that @ElijahPepe unilaterally moved History of The New York Times (1998–2016) from 1998-current. A new article History of The New York Times (2016–present) seems to have already been created and nominated for GA.

This is unorthodox. Page moves are not supposed to be based on the whims of one editor, especially after there was one consensus on the exact page split. It's different if it's a WP:Consensus can change scenario, but hard to believe if it's not even discussed on either talk page once. Not to mention the potential gamification of GA process by nominating everything at first sight Soni (talk) 21:02, 7 April 2024 (UTC)

 * Seeing no replies from Elijah after being pointed to this discussion multiple times including ANI, I will follow WP:BRD and revert the move-split. I believe I've pinged all other editors with intermediate edits in between.
 * I am not hard opposed to changing consensus, but unless we discuss why we are moving the article, please default to consensus.
 * Happy to discuss if we think this is a worthwhile split. My first instinct says probably not, because it's a bit of recency bias. Soni (talk) 23:31, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
 * 2016 and 2017 marked a particularly tenuous point in The New York Times's history, largely because the Times received criticism from liberals for promoting the Hillary Clinton email controversy and from conservatives because of Donald Trump, who lodged unprecedented attacks as president. I would argue that modern perceptions of the Times start at 2016, so it would be a logical point to stop to have a place to stop. elijahpepe@wikipedia (he/him) 00:57, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
 * You made that same argument during the discussion on exact article splits and it didn't gain much support at the time, and later there was a consensus for a specific four article split. As Soni said, consensus can change, but for situations like this that requires a discussion first. Making unannounced unilateral changes that go against a recent consensus is never a good idea. Sideswipe9th (talk) 01:04, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Point already made. This discussion is happening now. elijahpepe@wikipedia (he/him) 01:18, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 25 April 2024
Change The Times was founded as the conservative New-York Daily Times in 1851 to The Times was founded as the liberal New-York Daily Times in 1851 as the NYT is a liberal newspaper 71.241.132.98 (talk) 19:29, 25 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. M.Bitton (talk) 19:54, 25 April 2024 (UTC)
 * To clarify: this is not correct. The New-York Daily Times was explicitly founded with the principle, "We shall be Conservative", regardless of what you might view the paper as now. elijahpepe@wikipedia (he/him) 01:00, 2 May 2024 (UTC)

Recentism?
I'm unsure a letter complaining about the NYT recent Is/Pal coverage warrants an entire paragraph in this encyclopedia article about a 172 year old newspaper, per WP:RECENTISM and WP:NOTNEWS. The paragraph is currently verbatim identical to one in the Screams Without Words article. It's very obviously DUE in the latter; here I'd say one sentence is the very most that is DUE. BobFromBrockley (talk) 13:14, 2 May 2024 (UTC)
 * I agree, this subsection needs to be removed. Editors should discuss the contents of the criticism section. elijahpepe@wikipedia (he/him) 14:56, 5 May 2024 (UTC)
 * It's a letter from "50 tenured journalism professors and scholars", so it has considerable weight. It's probably the most due type of criticism. Also covered by the Washington Post and elsewhere. The big question is why a 172-yr-old publication let its standards slip. Iskandar323 (talk) 15:33, 5 May 2024 (UTC)
 * BobfromBrockley is not arguing that the letter doesn't have merit, but that it is too recent. There are prior instances where the Times has been accused of pro-Palestinian and pro-Israeli coverage. "Screams Without Words" is a major controversy — I recently spoke to Erik Wemple, who said that the upheaval resulting from that article is significant — but it is the only content in that paragraph. I personally would argue an open letter is not important unless it serves as the impetus for greater action. elijahpepe@wikipedia (he/him) 17:44, 5 May 2024 (UTC)
 * Bob wasn't arguing for its total omission either, just a reduction. Now we have the input of NewsGuild of New York president Susan DeCarava, a single, relatively obscure individual, but not that of 50 scholars of journalism. Iskandar323 (talk) 19:04, 5 May 2024 (UTC)
 * An article being controversial or causing upheaval doesn't indicate bias, low journalistic standards, or unethical reporting, though. Accurately reporting the brutality of the attacks would obviously be controversial to anti-Semites and biased parties, too. The main source for this section builds a better case for the NYT having high standards for their accuracy, not evidence they slipped as @Iskandar323 suggests.
 * The only established evidence cited of their journalistic failings is the fact that someone on their team leaked their internal memos, which is an egg-on-your-face moment. I've yet to see any evidence of poor journalistic standards; the leaked memos didn't substantiate that claim. We should expect journalists to demand high burdens of proof from one another, not treat these internal expectations as evidence of a coverup or bad reporting.
 * What I see is people concerned with how Palestinian's would be portrayed, regardless of accuracy, and broke journalistic ethics of the paper by leaking internal discourse. However, none of the internal discourse substantiated the claims themselves. Pingpong947 (talk) 11:11, 17 June 2024 (UTC)

Journalism Standards
It seems important to address the NYT journalism standards in this article. In fact, I would like to see "Journalism Standards" as a section on each news source article. It is helpful for people who consume news sources to know what the journalism standards of each news outlet is. This is an importnat aspect of developing the skills of media literacy. The standard is published at: https://www.nytimes.com/editorial-standards/ethical-journalism.html Thanks! Lbeaumont (talk) 12:37, 23 May 2024 (UTC)

Encyclopedic Value of Israel/Palestine Reporting Section
Should a letter from individuals merely requesting a review of NYT reporting carry enough weight to necessitate a section implying it as fact? You can find 50 biased or uninformed people for any cause. The results of a review might suffice, but not the flimsy request for one.

Even the journalist's cited statement falsely claim that the International Court of Justice (ICJ) found genocide "plausible." In reality, they only said Palestine had "plausible rights to protection from genocide,", which isn't even close to the claim. This serious misreporting by "journalism scholars and professors" raises doubts about their reliability compared to the NYT reporters they're criticizing.

With no mention of the UN's in-depth report deeming the accounts of sexual assault credible, the section seems extremely weak at best, and purposely biased at worst. It seems it only serves to cast doubt on substantiated reports of rape without providing substantial evidence to the contrary. Do we really value the request for an investigation more valuable than an actual investigation by the UN which validated the reporting in question? Is this the bar set for an encyclopedia?

The first paragraph lacks serious criticism or examples of inaccurate reporting in the NYT article. Every accusation employs the logical fallacy known as begging the question; it assumes the examples cited are evidence of the bias and unethical journalism, but never establishes them as such.

For example, there is no reason to expect an evenly distributed number of terms like "massacre" applied for each group. Consistently reducing demonstrable massacres perpetrated by one side to more favorable terms would meet the burden of proof required to show bias. This section provides no such evidence. Israel responding with missile strikes on civilian infrastructure utilized by Hamas is quite literally not a "massacre." Interestingly, the next paragraph refers to 10/7, an event that was unquestionably a massacre of Jews, as an "armed incursion of Israel" for some reason.

Regarding their use of terms like "ethnic cleansing" and "genocide", the source provided makes it clear that these guidelines were strictly for accuracy in reporting, nothing more. Establishing a high bar for codified legal terms like the crime of genocide is the mark of journalistic integrity and accuracy, not impropriety. Given that the governing body in charge of investigating the crime of genocide found no evidence Israel is committing it, why is the NYT reminding their staff not to misuse it cited as evidence of their poor reporting? In addition, the criticism for the use of "refugee camps" is nonsensical and at odds with the cited source.

Finally, the last sentence deceptively conflates two tangentially related issues. It misleadingly implies that the NYT's admission of "material handled improperly" is related to their accuracy on the 10/7 rapes. However, the quote is referring to whether members of their staff leaked information about the article itself before publication. Why does the article abruptly shoehorn in a quote referencing a staff member leaking details of the story prior to publication? It seems contradictory when it's the details from this leak that the whole section is based on. At the very least, it should be written more clearly to avoid readers believing they relate to their journalistic accuracy.

In closing, I'm unconvinced of the impartiality of this entry or the encyclopedic value of the information it contains.

Pingpong947 (talk) 10:59, 17 June 2024 (UTC)

Removal of Times reporting on human zoos
Hi @Elijahpepe, I was wondering if you could explain why you felt that my edits adding the NYT's reporting on human zoos was unworthy of inclusion in this article? The NYT has revisited the controversy at least twice, and numerous other sources have reported on it. Unbandito (talk) 03:00, 20 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Unless a controversy significantly affected the Times, such as the backlash surrounding Jayson Blair's plagiarism that resulted in executive editor Howell Raines' resignation, it should not be included. Your sentence is better suited for List of The New York Times controversies. elijahpepe@wikipedia (he/him) 03:27, 20 June 2024 (UTC)
 * I do not believe this belogns on the List article either unless there's reliable secondary coverage with respect to NYT's reporting. The references for the paragraph were either primary (NYT's original report, and a more recent retrospective) or were not reliable (a blog post discussing the NYT coverage). You ideally need multiple sources that are both reliable and secondary to qualify this as a "New York Times controversy" instead of being primarily in "Legacy" (or a more appropriate) section on Ota Benga. Soni (talk) 04:52, 20 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Okay, I see your point. I am going to re-introduce the material with some better secondary sourcing in the Critism section, rename that section to Controversies, and work on making it into a better summary of the List of The New York Times controversies article. This should address some of the concerns around recentism in that section as well. Unbandito (talk) 15:50, 22 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:The New York Times


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Vijay Amritraj

Vijay Amritraj (born 14 December 1953) is an Indian sports commentator, actor and retired professional tennis player from Madras. He was awarded the Padma Shri, the government of India's 4th highest civilian honour, in 1983. In 2022, he was honored for his contributions to tennis in London by the International Tennis Hall of Fame and International Tennis Federation. On July 20, 2024 he was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island.

Early life
Vijay was born in Madras, India to Maggie Dhairyam and Robert Amritraj. He has two brothers, Anand Amritraj and Ashok Amritraj, who were also international tennis players.

Career
After playing his first Grand Prix event in 1970, Amritraj achieved his first success in singles in 1973 when he reached the quarterfinals at two Grand Slam events. At Wimbledon, he lost in five sets to the eventual champion Jan Kodeš and later that summer at the US Open, lost to Ken Rosewall after having beaten Rod Laver two rounds earlier.

Amritraj beat Björn Borg in the second round in the US Open in 1974, losing to Rosewall in quarterfinals. In 1979, he lost in the second round of Wimbledon to defending champion Borg after being up two sets to one and leading 4–1 in the fourth set. He reached his career-high ranking in singles of world No. 16 in July 1980. In 1981, he reached the quarterfinals of Wimbledon before losing in five sets to Jimmy Connors. He beat John McEnroe in the first round of Cincinnati Masters in 1984. Overall, he had five career wins over Jimmy Connors in their eleven matches.

Amritraj was part of the India Davis Cup team that reached the finals in 1974 and 1987. Amritraj had a career singles win–loss record 405–312, winning 15 singles and 13 doubles titles.

Acting career
Amritraj has also pursued an acting career. His best known role is probably as the MI6 intelligence operative Vijay in the 1983 James Bond film Octopussy. He also appeared briefly in Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986) as an unnamed starship captain.

He was also a regular character in the NBC TV series The Last Precinct and the Yakov Smirnoff comedy What a Country!, as well as a guest star on various television shows such as Hart to Hart. He has since gone on to become a sports commentator, has been a judge at the Miss Universe pageant, and has developed a multimedia business. Amritraj also hosts a talk show named Dimensions with Vijay Amritraj broadcast on CNN-IBN.

Personal life
Amritraj lives in Southern California with his wife Shymala and sons Prakash Amritraj and Vikram.

Prakash and his paternal cousin Stephen Amritraj are also professional tennis players.

On 9 February 2001, Vijay was appointed a United Nations Messenger of Peace. He has been raising awareness on the issues of drugs and HIV/AIDS and has raised funds to fight the spread of AIDS worldwide.

He founded The Vijay Amritraj Foundation in 2006.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Vijay Amritraj


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Barbara Hambly

Barbara Hambly (born August 28, 1951) is an American novelist and screenwriter within the genres of fantasy, science fiction, mystery, and historical fiction. She is the author of the bestselling Benjamin January mystery series featuring a free man of color, a musician and physician, in New Orleans in the antebellum years. She also wrote a novel about Mary Todd Lincoln.

Her science fiction novels occur within an explicit multiverse, as well as within previously existing settings (notably as established by Star Trek and Star Wars).

Early life and education
Hambly was born in San Diego, California and grew up in Montclair, California. Her parents, Everett Edward Hambly Jr. and Florence Elizabeth (Moraski) Hambly, are from Fall River, Massachusetts; and Scranton, Pennsylvania (respectively). She has an older sister, Mary Ann Sanders, and a younger brother, Everett Edward Hambly, III. In her early teens, after reading J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, she affixed images of dragons to her bedroom door. She became interested in costumery from an early age, and has been a long-time participant in Society for Creative Anachronism activities. In the mid-1960s, the Hambly family spent a year in Australia.

Hambly has a Master's in Medieval History from the University of California, Riverside. She completed her degree in 1975 and spent a year in Bordeaux as part of her studies.

Career
She chose work that allowed her time to write; all of her novels contain a biography paragraph with a litany of jobs: high school teacher, model, waitress, technical editor, all-night liquor store clerk, and Shotokan karate instructor. Her first published novel was The Time of the Dark (1982).

Hambly served as President of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America from 1994 to 1996. Her works have been nominated for many awards in the fantasy and horror fiction categories, winning a Locus Award for Best Horror Novel Those Who Hunt the Night (1989) (released in the UK as Immortal Blood) and the Lord Ruthven Award for fiction for its sequel, Traveling with the Dead (1996).

Marriage and personal life
Hambly was married for some years to George Alec Effinger, a science fiction writer. He died in 2002. She lives in Los Angeles. Hambly speaks freely of suffering from seasonal affective disorder, which was undiagnosed for some time.

Themes within fantasy
Hambly's work has several themes. She has a penchant for unusual characters within the fantasy genre, such as the menopausal witch and reluctant scholar-lord in the Winterlands trilogy, or the philologist secret service agent in the vampire novels.

Her writing is filled with rich descriptions and characters whose actions bear consequences for both their lives and relationships, suffusing her series with a sense of loss and regret. Hambly's characters suffer the pain of frustrated aspirations to a degree that is uncommon in most fantasy novels.

Though using many standard clichés and plot devices of the fantasy genre, her works explore the ethical implications of the consequences of these devices, and what their effect is for the characters, were they real people. In avoiding the "...easy consolatory self-identification of genre fantasy" (p. 449) and refusing to let her work be guided more explicitly by conventions and the desires of her audience, Hambly may have missed out on more remunerative success and acclaim.

Although magic exists in many of her settings, it is not used as an easy solution but follows rules and takes energy from the wizards. The unusual settings are generally rationalized as alternative universes.

Hambly heavily researches her settings, either in person or through books, frequently drawing upon her degree in medieval history for background and depth.

Benjamin January mysteries
This historical mystery series begins with A Free Man of Color (1997) and features Benjamin January, a brilliant, classically educated, free colored surgeon and musician living in New Orleans during the antebellum years of the 1830s. At the time, New Orleans had a large and prosperous population of free people of color. Born a slave, as his mother was enslaved, January was freed as a young child by his mother's lover, under the plaçage system. Provided with an excellent education, he gained fluency in several classical and modern languages, and was thoroughly versed in the whole of classical Western learning and arts. He studied medicine in Paris, where he trained as a surgeon. He returned to Louisiana to escape the memory of his late wife, a woman from North Africa. As a free black in Louisiana, he cannot find work as a surgeon. He earns a modest living by his exceptional talent as a musician.

 * 1) A Free Man of Color (1997)
 * 2) Fever Season (1998)
 * 3) Graveyard Dust (1999)
 * 4) Sold Down the River (2000)
 * 5) Die upon a Kiss (2001)
 * 6) Wet Grave (2002)
 * 7) Days of the Dead (2003)
 * 8) Dead Water (2004)
 * 9) Dead and Buried (2010)
 * 10) The Shirt on His Back (2011)
 * 11) Ran Away (2011)
 * 12) Good Man Friday (2013)
 * 13) Crimson Angel (2014)
 * 14) Drinking Gourd (2016)
 * 15) Murder in July (2017)
 * 16) Cold Bayou (2018)
 * 17) Lady of Perdition (2019)
 * 18) House of the Patriarch (2020)
 * 19) Death and Hard Cider (Hardcover – June 7, 2022)

Short stories

 * "Libre" (2006, short story in Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, November 2006, Salute to New Orleans issue. Available on Hambly's website.)
 * "There Shall Your Heart Be Also" (2007, short story in New Orleans Noir, ed. Julie Smith. Available on Hambly's website.)
 * "A Time to Every Purpose Under Heaven" (2010, short story starring Rose and Dominique, and taking place while Benjamin is away (plot of The Shirt on His Back). Available on Hambly's website.)

Historical fiction

 * Search the Seven Hills [originally The Quirinal Hill Affair] (1983)
 * The Emancipator's Wife (2005; finalist for the Michael Shaara Prize for Excellence in a Civil War Novel, 2006)
 * Patriot Hearts (2007)
 * Homeland: A Novel (2009)

Abigail Adams Mysteries (written as Barbara Hamilton)

 * 1) The Ninth Daughter (2009)
 * 2) A Marked Man (2010)
 * 3) Sup with the Devil  (2011)

Sherlock Holmes short story pastiches

 * 1) "The Adventure of the Antiquarian’s Niece" (2003, Shadows Over Baker Street, ed. Michael Reaves & John Pelan, narrated by Dr. Watson)
 * 2) "The Dollmaker of Marigold Walk" (2003, My Sherlock Holmes, ed. Michael Kurland, narrated by Mrs. Mary Watson)
 * 3) "The Lost Boy" (2008, Gaslight Grimoire, ed. J. R. Campbell and Charles Prepolec, narrated by Mrs. Mary Watson)
 * 4) "The Adventure of the Sinister Chinaman" (2010, Sherlock Holmes: Crossovers Casebook, ed. Howard Hopkins, narrated by Dr. Watson)

Anne Steelyard: The Garden of Emptiness

 * 1) An Honorary Man (2008, graphic novel)
 * 2) The Gate of Dreams and Starlight (2009, graphic novel)
 * 3) A Thousand Waters (2011, graphic novel)

The Darwath Trilogy

 * 1) The Time of the Dark (1982)
 * 2) The Walls of Air (1983)
 * 3) The Armies of Daylight (1983)

Darwath novels

 * 1) Mother of Winter (1996; Locus Award nominee 1997)
 * 2) Icefalcon's Quest (1998)
 * 3) "Pretty Polly" (2010, original short story available on Hambly's website.)

Sun Wolf and Starhawk

 * 1) The Ladies of Mandrigyn (1984; Locus Award nominee, 1985)
 * 2) The Witches of Wenshar (1987; Locus Award nominee, 1988)
 * 3) The Unschooled Wizard (The Ladies of Mandrigyn & The Witches of Wenshar omnibus; 1987)
 * 4) The Dark Hand of Magic (1990)
 * 5) "A Night with the Girls" (2010, an original short story available on Hambly's website)
 * 6) "Fairest in ihe Land" (2011, an original short story available on Hambly's website)
 * 7) "Nanya of the Butterflies" (2015)
 * 8) "Hazard" (2017)
 * 9) "Gwenael" (2018)

Winterlands

 * 1) Dragonsbane (1985; Locus Award nominee, 1986 and 1987)
 * 2) Dragonshadow (1999; Locus Award nominee, 2000)
 * 3) Knight of the Demon Queen (2000; Locus Award nominee, 2001)
 * 4) Dragonstar (2002)
 * 5) Princess (2010, novella starring John Aversin. Now available on Hambly's website.)

The Windrose Chronicles

 * 1) The Silent Tower (1986)
 * 2) The Silicon Mage (1988)
 * 3) Darkmage (1988, omnibus of The Silent Tower and The Silicon Mage)
 * 4) Dog Wizard (1993; Locus Award nominee, 1994)
 * 5) Stranger at the Wedding (also published as Sorcerer's Ward; 1994)—not the same main characters, but set in the same universe

Windrose novellas/novelettes:

 * 1) "Firemaggot" (2010, an original short story available on Smashwords)
 * 2) "Corridor" (2011, an original short story available on Smashwords)
 * 3) "Plus-One" (2012, an original short story available on Smashwords)
 * 4) "Personal Paradise" (2014, an original short story available on Smashwords)
 * 5) "Zénobie" (July 2015, an original short story available on Smashwords)
 * 6) "...Pretty Maids All in a Row" (October 2015)
 * 7) "Karate Masters vs the Invaders from Outer Space" (December 2017)

Star Trek Universe

 * 1) Ishmael (1985)
 * 2) Ghost-Walker (1991)
 * 3) Crossroad (1994)

James Asher, Vampire novels

 * 1) Those Who Hunt the Night, AKA Immortal Blood (UK title) (1988; Locus Award winner for Best Horror Novel in 1989)
 * 2) Traveling with the Dead (1995; Locus Award nominee, 1996, winner of the Lord Ruthven Award, 1996)
 * 3) Blood Maidens (2010)
 * 4) Magistrates of Hell (2012)
 * 5) The Kindred of Darkness (2014)
 * 6) Darkness on His Bones (2015)
 * 7) Pale Guardian (U.K. 2016, U.S. 2017)
 * 8) Prisoner of Midnight (U.S. 2019)

The short story "Sunrise on Running Water" (2007, published in the anthology Dark Delicacies II: Fear) is set in the world of the James Asher novels but does not feature Asher himself.

Beauty and the Beast

 * 1) Beauty and the Beast novelization (1989)
 * 2) Song of Orpheus (1990)

Sun-Cross

 * 1) The Rainbow Abyss (1991; Locus Award nominee, 1992)
 * 2) The Magicians of Night (1992; Locus Award nominee, 1993)

Star Wars Universe

 * Children of the Jedi (1995)
 * "Nightlily: The Lovers' Tale" (1995, short story in the anthology Tales from the Mos Eisley Cantina)
 * "Taster's Choice: The Tale of Jabba's Chef" (1996, short story from the anthology Tales from Jabba's Palace)
 * "Murder in Slushtime" (1997, short story published in Star Wars Adventure Journal 14)
 * Planet of Twilight (1997)

Raven Sisters

 * Sisters of the Raven (2002)
 * Circle of the Moon (2005)

Silver Screen Historical Mystery Series

 * Scandal in Babylon (2021)
 * One Extra Corpse (2023)

Standalone works

 * Bride of the Rat God (1994; Locus Award nominee, 1995) and (sequel) Castle of Horror (April 2016, Amazon/Kindle)
 * Magic Time (2002) (with Marc Zicree. The first of a trilogy. The other two volumes are by other authors: Angelfire by Marc Scott Zicree and Maya Kaathryn Bohnhoff, and Ghostlands by Marc Scott Zicree and Robert Charles Wilson.)
 * Renfield: Slave of Dracula (2006)
 * "Someone Else's Shadow" (short story in the Night's Edge anthology)
 * The Iron Princess (2023)

Television credits

 * Jayce and the Wheeled Warriors (1985)
 * M.A.S.K. (1985)
 * She-Ra: Princess of Power (1986)
 * The Centurions (1986)
 * Starcom: The U.S. Space Force (1987)

title: Barbara Hambly


text:
European Democratic Party

The European Democratic Party (EDP; French: Parti démocrate européen, PDE), also known as the European Democrats, is a centrist  European political party in favour of European integration.

Within the European Parliament, its MEPs form the Renew Europe group, together with those of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe party and the French Renaissance party. The President is François Bayrou.

The youth wing of the EDP is the Young Democrats for Europe (YDE).

As of 2024, one EDP member participates in the national government of an EU member state: Bayrou's Democratic Movement in France, which supports the government of Prime Minister Gabriel Attal. Two European regions are also led by an EDP politician, with Spain's Basque Country being led by Imanol Pradales of the Basque Nationalist Party and with Spain's Canary Islands being led by Fernando Clavijo Batlle of the Canarian Coalition; EDP member Free Voters participates as a junior coalition partner in the state government of Bavaria in Germany, as does Italia Viva in Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Campania and Basilicata and Les Engagés in Wallonia and the Wallonia-Brussels Federation.

The European Democratic Party is also a member of the European Movement International and was a member of the World Alliance of Democrats until its dissolution in 2012.

History
European Democratic Party was initiated on 16 April 2004 and formally founded on 9 December 2004 in Brussels.

In 2005, the European Democratic Party, together with the United States Democratic Party and the Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats, co-founded the Alliance of Democrats international.

François Bayrou of the Union for French Democracy and later the Democratic Movement (MoDem) and Francesco Rutelli, former leader of the Democracy is Freedom and Alliance for Italy parties, served as the two co-presidents until 2019. Now, François Bayrou serves as the only president.

The EDP was founded in reaction to the rising influence of Eurosceptic parties within European institutions. It drew pro-European centrist parties from the European People's Party (EPP) group to form a new centrist multinational bloc. Its co-founder François Bayrou described it as a party for people being neither conservative nor socialist."

Since the beginning of the 6th European Parliament of 2004–2009, the EDP has formed a joint European parliamentary group with the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party called the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) group. This parliamentary group was dissolved in 2019 and replaced by Renew Europe.

The European Democratic Party is ideologically centrist and federalist. Some major members and affiliated parties like EAJ-PNV, Free Voters, MoDem, MCC, Canarian Coalition and the disbanded Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy follow a Christian democratic or liberal conservative line.

Membership
Members are national and regional political parties as well as members of the European Parliament, national and regional parliaments.

Former members

 * : National Forum (Nacionalni forum), joined EDP in 2014, disbanded in 2015
 * European Party
 * Citizens' Alliance
 * Party for the Open Society
 * Way to Change, founding member of EDP, disbanded in 2009
 * Union for French Democracy, founding member of EDP, disbanded in 2007, succeeded by MoDem
 * Union of Democrats and Independents joined the ALDE party on 2 December 2016
 * Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, founding member of EDP, merged into the Democratic Party in 2007, MEPs Mario Pirillo, Silvia Costa and Vittorio Prodi stayed as individual members until 2014, now member of PES
 * Alliance for Italy, party disbanded by the end of 2016
 * European Democratic Party Italy (Partito Democratico Europeo Italia) disbanded in 2021.
 * Action, left in September 2023
 * : Labour Party, left in 2012 to join the ALDE party
 * Democratic Republican Party, joined EDP in 2015, succeeded by National Democratic Alternative in 2021
 * National Democratic Alternative, left EDP in 2022
 * PRO Romania (PRO România), left in 2022 to join Party of European Socialists
 * Association of Italians of Romania, left in 2022
 * People's Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia, joined EDP in 2009, disbanded in 2014, succeeded by Democratic Slovakia Party
 * Democratic Slovakia Party ('Strana Demokratického Slovenska') and European Democratic Party (Europska Demokraticka Strana) in 2019
 * Alena Bašistová (Independent), not reelected in 2020
 * PRO Romania (PRO România), left in 2022 to join Party of European Socialists
 * Association of Italians of Romania, left in 2022
 * People's Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia, joined EDP in 2009, disbanded in 2014, succeeded by Democratic Slovakia Party
 * Democratic Slovakia Party ('Strana Demokratického Slovenska') and European Democratic Party (Europska Demokraticka Strana) in 2019
 * Alena Bašistová (Independent), not reelected in 2020
 * Democratic Slovakia Party ('Strana Demokratického Slovenska') and European Democratic Party (Europska Demokraticka Strana) in 2019
 * Alena Bašistová (Independent), not reelected in 2020

title: European Democratic Party


text:
Leighton Rees

Leighton Thomas Rees (17 January 1940 – 8 June 2003) was a Welsh professional darts player. He was the first BDO World Professional Darts Champion, having won the inaugural 1978 BDO World Darts Championship, and was a former World No. 1 player. He was one of the sport's most successful players throughout the 1970s, and retired from the game in 1991.

Early life
Rees was born in hospital in Mountain Ash and grew up in the village of Ynysybwl, Glamorgan, where he spent most of his life. He attended the local Mill Street School in Pontypridd where one of his teachers famously declared on his report card that he would be "good only for reading the sports pages of the South Wales Echo". After leaving school he found work in the store room of a motor spares company, a job he did for over twenty years until he became a professional darts player in 1976.

It was during his time working as a store man that Leighton found the sport of darts, becoming a regular for his local pub and county, and playing for Wales in 1970. It was not until 1972 though that he gained any real national attention. Sid Waddell, who later became a commentator for the BBC and Sky Sports, was at the time producer of Yorkshire Television's The Indoor League – a show with pub games tournaments. Waddell and his researchers had heard reports of a trio of great darts players in the South Wales valleys, an area that was quickly becoming a hotbed of talent for the sport. Waddell had already seen Alan Evans of Rhondda play at the Alexandra Palace during the 1972 News of the World Championship, the first darts tournament televised across Britain. The other two names mentioned were Tony Ridler of Newport and Leighton Rees of Ynysybwl.

Waddell quickly offered all three the chance to play on The Indoor League, which started being televised across Britain from 1973, and they did not disappoint, Ridler and Evans both scored a number of 180s in their matches, but although he did not perform as well in 1973, it was Leighton Rees who stole the show. Over a lager and a cigar he told presenter Fred Trueman, in his soon to be famous brand of dry humour, stories about himself and Evans hustling the English. Rees went on to have the most success of any darts player in The Indoor League, becoming the only player to win the darts tournament twice.

Darts career
After twice winning the darts tournament on The Indoor League in 1974 and 1976, Rees turned professional in 1976 and reached the final of that year's News of the World Darts Championship, losing to Bill Lennard from Manchester. Rees was also part of the 1977 Wales team that won the first World Darts Federation World Cup alongside Alan Evans and David "Rocky" Jones.

Rees' finest hour however would come in 1978 at the inaugural Embassy World Professional Darts Championship, in Nottingham. Seeded third he easily dispensed with Australian Barry Atkinson in round one at a score of 6–0 before taking on his close friend, Welsh team-mate and fifth seed Alan Evans in the second round. It turned into a classic with both players averaging over 90 per three darts (almost unheard of in those days). Evans took an early lead with a couple of 180s before Rees recorded the championship's first ten-dart finish (also the first televised) before eventually running out a 6–3 victor. At the time the BBC's executive producer Nick Hunter proclaimed it as the match that made darts live up to all their expectations and cemented it as a National TV item for years to come.

In the semi-final Rees actually struggled to beat a determined American, Nicky Virachkul 8–7 in the semi-finals but showed a whole different set of battling qualities to pull through into a final against his close friend John Lowe. Rees would again average over 90 with Lowe not far behind in a final that was won 11–7 by Rees, achieving his only World Championship title.

In the defence of his title in 1979, Rees returned to the final, again beating Evans along the way before this time losing to Lowe by 5 sets to 0. A quarter-final in 1980 and a last-16 place in 1981 followed, after which Rees could only manage round one exits in 1982, 1983, 1985 and 1990. Despite this his matches nearly always resulted in full arenas and he remained one of darts most popular competitors.

It is because of this that he is credited alongside the likes of Lowe, Eric Bristow, Bob Anderson, Jocky Wilson, Cliff Lazarenko and now Phil Taylor as bringing darts to the masses via the television screens. He had a good record on Bullseye, scoring more than 301 with nine darts on at least six appearances in eight and thus having his charity money doubled.

Rees also wrote an autobiographical account of his life in 1979, titled On Darts, which included tips on playing the game.

Personal life
In 1980, Rees married Debbie Ryle, a Californian, in Las Vegas while he was competing in a tournament there. Eric Bristow was best man. Despite being the first world champion, it could be argued that Rees missed out on darts' glory years. The prize for his title was £3,000 and as the prize money rose and tournaments began to spring up all over UK television channels, Rees' form began to slide and by the 1980s he never managed to match the continued success of Lowe, Bristow and Wilson. Rees was forced to make his living from playing exhibition matches with his compatriot and great friend Alan Evans.

Death
Rees quit his exhibition work after having a pacemaker fitted and also had a heart bypass operation in his later life. He returned to the stage of the World Championships to make the draw for the event in the year before his death. He died in his home village, Ynysybwl, in 2003, aged 63. Leighton Rees Close in Ynysybwl is named after him.

BDO

 * 1978: Winner (beat John Lowe 11–7) (legs)
 * 1979: Runner-up (lost to John Lowe 0–5) (sets)
 * 1980: Quarter-Finals (lost to Bobby George 1–3)
 * 1981: 2nd Round (lost to Ceri Morgan 1–2)
 * 1982: 1st Round (lost to Angus Ross 0–2)
 * 1983: 1st Round (lost to Cliff Lazarenko 0–2)
 * 1985: 1st Round (lost to Russell Stewart 1–2)
 * 1987: 1st Round (lost to Mike Gregory 0–3)
 * 1990: 1st Round (lost to Eric Bristow 0–3)

title: Leighton Rees


text:
Talk:Tirant lo Blanch

Roger de Flor
Why does it say http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_Company "De Flor was inspired to form the company by the mediaeval tale of Tirant lo Blanc," if your article says it was inspired by him? Where does the tale originate?

Publication

 * What is the source of the exact publication date? I own a copy of the book, the Rosenthal translation, and it only says that the book was published in 1490. Can someone please check this out?
 * The second author of the book, Martí Joan De Galba, was previously not mentioned in this article, and does not appear on any pages linked to this article (I know because I corrected all the redirects just now.) Can someone please make the necessary edits where they see fit?
 * I added the category that says Spanish literature; I know it's not in Spanish, but since the work is from the area that is modern-day Spain, perhaps the category ought to stay, unless someone has notable objections to it. -- Simonides 08:38, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * It should be under Catalan literature. Doesn't that category exist?  If it doesn't, then Spanish literature will do for now.    — Chameleon My page/My talk 08:46, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * There is a category for Catalan language, but not literature. Anyway, I have changed the year of pub. because several sites confirm it is 1490; 1468 was only the year in which Martorell passed away. -- Simonides 08:51, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Catalan or Valencian?
I think some mistakes must be corrected. "Tirant lo blanch" was never written in catalan language, but in valentian language. You can verify this in the firsts pages of the book, in the dedication to the Prince Ferdinand of Portugal, where it says: "... e pus verdaderament ignorancia me atrevire expondre no solament de lengua anglesa en portoguesa, mas encara de porqoguesa en vulgar valenciana, per ço que la nacio d'on yo so natural se puxa alegrar e molt ajudar ...". Please follow this link: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagen:Tirant.jpg --Wikiküntscher 23:06, 9 Nov 2004 (UTC) --
 * Valencià is an independent language even though the long lasting politic and echonomic efforts and interferences of catalonians to subordinate it to Catalan. Valencia was already a kingdon very long before Catalonia began to exist as an unity. And Valencians never have taken seriously the affirmations of catalans about language, because it has been always so clear... until recent times, when the convoluted arguments and theses of the catalans seem to have gained resonance and success outside from Spain, (and surprisingly inside Spain, also), and it is becoming a threat to valentian identity. Catalans have demonstrated again what scientifics know since very long ago, thas is: A language is a dialect with an army.--Wikiküntscher 20:44, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Not really. Valencià has always just been a name for the same language while used the valencian way. Some political groups now want to artificially make it a different language for hideous purposes. Sadly, it's only politics, since the experts in languages, from valencia and from the rest of the world, seem to agree about valencian and catalan being the same language.Rvalles 00:36, Nov 11, 2004 (UTC)

No. You're wrong. Valencià has been a language since the XIII century, as it can be proved from multiple texts from theese ages, and surprisingly, the word "catalan" apears in none.

See the image to the right. It is one of the first pages of the Tirant, the valentian edition of 1.491. I have marked with green the segments where it is said clearly by Joanot Martorell that he writes his novel in Valentian. The text has not been manipulated. It was exactly written as it appears. The first column belongs to the prologue. Yo can read it also in the complete on-line text whose link you can find at the end of this article, (not here, in the discussion). About the 2nd column, I cannot find the text in the prologue. I think it must belong to the epilogue, but I have not verified it yet.

You can find more interesting testimonies of the existence of the Valentian Language along centuries here, http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usuario:Val/val#nomenclatura I say you again: The texts have not been manipulated. The catalan point of view, comes from it's strong nationalism. But in the process of afirmation of their "differential identity", catalans borrowed the valentian language and literature.

--Wikiküntscher 21:50, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Valencians and Catalans have always borrowed from each other, and the rest of Spain. What is clear is that the common language of Catalonia and Valencia originated in Catalonia and spread southwest along the coast as Christians conquered lands from the Moors.  For this reason, the language of the Valencians is Catalan, in the same way that the language of the Andalusians is Castilian.  In each of these cases, a number of dialectal variations have sprung up, but without obscuring the unity of each language.  Unlike the Andalusians, Majorcans, Roussillonnais and others, Valencians have long chosen to apply a local name to the language, probably due to local literary output in mediaeval times and Spanish-nationalist, anti-Catalan politics in recent times.  This tendency is to be respected, but not necessarily followed, given that it is entirely consistent with linguistic fact to say that Tirant lo Blanch is written in Catalan.  It cuts both ways: when I speak their language, Valencians say I am speaking Valencian.  However, I learnt this language in Barcelona. Chameleon 00:31, 12 Nov 2004 (UTC)

No. You are wrong, and too influenced by catalan nationalistic doctrine.

1.- It is not so clear wether the valencian origined from catalan as the catalans pretend. There are many proofs agaist it. They are simmialr, of course, but Portuguese and Galician are simmilar too, and they are regarded as differentiate languages. Each one has it's own academy and o in separate ways, because they respect each other.The romance language thas was spoken in Valencia during the XIV century was very different from the romance language spoken in Barcelona, and the differences have growed with time.

2.- In case the valencian was a dialect of catalan it has all the rights to be considerated as an independent language. It has followed a very different evolution respect to catalan along 7 centuries. Valentian is much more hispanic, and catalan is much more gallic.

3.- Linguists say "we all speak in dialect", and "a language is a dialect with an army". The pretended "unity" of catalan language is artificial, and respond to political interests, (from Catalonia, of course). I showed you a page of the "Tirant" in wich it is clear that the language is "valencian", and you insist in calling it "Catalán". Why?. Does it dismount your paradigm? In that case, follow your investigation, you will fin things that will make you change your opinion.

4.- You must be respective with the languages recogniced by the European Comunity, (and Valenciano is one of them), and with the Spanis constitution, and with the Estatuto de Autonomía Valenciano. Please be correct. An enciclopaedia must be correct, and you are not being so. At the present in all the definitions about catalan and Valencian subjects the wikipedia in english is being non-enciclopedic. In fact it is being very subjective, partial and incorrect.

5.- I suggest you to visit the german wikipedia. It is not completely correct in these subjetcs, but it is very much more correct than yours.

--Wikiküntscher 11:12, 12 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Chameleon 12:00, 12 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) It is clear that the language known variously as valencià, català, catalanesc, romanç, llemosí, etc was spoken in Catalonia when Valencians still spoke Arabic.  Variations within modern Valencian largely derive from the origins of the settlers from the Corona de Aragón: the eastern parts of the kingdom were mostly settled by people from the Lleida region and the western parts were mostly settled by people from Aragon, who spoke Aragonese and then Castilian.
 * 2) Origins aside, it is also clear that the language spoken nowadays across the territories of the Corona de Aragón is a single language.  Indeed, some might argue that Catalan and Occitan are just two very different dialects of one great Hispano-Gallic language, with Valencian, Majorcan, Roussillonnais, Provençal etc as subdialects of these.  Near my house in Languedoc (I commute between there and Valencia — long story) there is a town called Aigues-Mortes.  I think the meaning of this toponym is transparent from Provence to El Cartxe.
 * 3) That page from Tirant shows nothing but the fact that Martorell called his language valencià. This does not prove that this same language was not spoken in Barcelona.  Indeed it was, under various names.  The unity of the language is agreed upon by all linguists.
 * 4) The European Union is an administrative and not linguistic authority. The fact that they have been pressured into recognising Valencian separately from Catalan does not change linguistic and historical reality.
 * 5) My German is rusty. If that page has been hijacked by anti-Catalans, it needs to be corrected.

Chameleon, your paranoia is ridiculous. You go so far as to assert that the denomination "valencian" is some concoction of rabid anti-Catalan Spanish nationalists: it is you, a Brit formed in Barcelona, who does not know, understand or respect the historical realities of the Valencian region and its language. While it is true (from my point of view) that there is a common (though extremely polymorphic) language to most of the territory formerly belonging to the Aragonese Crown, your political intentions are CLEAR AND UNMISTAKABLE because you refuse to give legitimacy to the Valencian denomination, instead seeing it as an inferior dialect of Catalan. The reality, which you, either because of your alien status or inherent narrow mindedness refuse to understand, is that Catalan, Valencian, Majorcan and Menorcan are all PARTS of the same Language, rather than the Valencian, Majorcan and Menorcan being parts of Catalan. Principles of equality and equity. You would rather have some sweeping generalisation (a Catalonian one) rather than respect the truth, perhaps out of some morbid and frivolous desire to polemicise where you have no business. The theory of troops from Lleida installing themselves in Valencia and thus creating a dialect is as credible as concluding that you Brits speak French, but badly, because of the Viking troops from France that invaded your rainy islands. It is true that those from Lleida speak similarly to the Northern Valencians, but that is quite beyond your comprehension and you only repeat out of knee-jerk, parrot-automaton reactions. It is clear however that you will not make amends to your mistakes because I have been watching you, and this has become more of a matter of pride than truth for you. Tirant Lo Blanc was written in Valencian--who are you, a nobody, an obsessive-compulsive control freak troll on Wikipedia, to contradict Joanot Martorell on what language he wrote in? In a local, Spanish basis Valencian is the valid denomination. Internationally, to differentiate the language from Castilian Spanish, French, Italian etc--it would be valid to use the umbrella denomination of Valencian-Catalan as overall literature. If you had any SENY you would see this, but you seem to have only picked up the mind-limiting aspects of Barcelona rather than its positive attributes. I will be happy to discuss things with you once you begin to adopt neutral perspectives rather than act as an agent for the IEC.

 * Please read No personal attacks.

Wrong

 * 1) Completely wrong your apreciations about the catalan spoken in Catalonia and the Arabic spoken in Valencia. In fact, Catalonia did not exist by that time. And there are strong proofs that in the Valencia under the muslim rule our romance was spoken widely. In any case, if the language was brought here by the conquerors, they were mainly from Aragon, and in minor quantities from Navarra, Barcelona, Urgel, Castilian and south of France. This population mixed with the valencian population wich did not abandone Valencia, (The whole population stayed here). Valencia became a mixed race city. Please, study a little more before saying your asseverations.

 * 1) This opinion yours that all is the same language is not a scientific opinion, but a political one. And the fact that you live in Langedoc explains everything. You are not neutral. Each people in the world has the right to decide the name of their language. We, in Valencia call it Lengua Valenciana since 7 centuries ago. Why in the hell must we now accept the imperialistic definitions from catalans? Because they have more money? Because they began earlier to shout and to put their name before all the world? This is a nonsense.

 * 1) THe unity of the language is evidently not a consensus between linguists. Where have you taken it from?

 * 1) You despise the vigent conception of the Valenciano in all the world.

It is clear that YOU ARE NOT NEUTRAL. YOU HAVE POLITICAL AFFINITIES THAT MAKE YOU NOT OBJETIVE, AND YOU PRETEND THEM TO BE "SCIENTIFIC". AND YOUR ASSEVERATIONS ARE BECOMING EVEN OFFENSIVE. YOU ARE NOT A VALID INTERLOCUTOR. Yo even calumniate others. The page from the german Wikipedia has been made by germans. Does your nationalism arrive to the extreme to acussate them of anti-catalans? I cannot believe so much .... (I cannot find the words).--Wikiküntscher 23:10, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Stub removed
Joanot, in removing the "Catalonia stub" from the article all you are doing is making it far harder for any editors to find this article to expand. In other words, your action is working against Wikipedia's ability to properly promote or present reasonable articles about the issue. This harms Wikipedia and - indirectly - disfavours Land of Valencia. If you think that a stub could be used for Land of Valencia, feel free to propose one at WP:WSS/P.

Besides, your deletion of Catalonia-stub is quite a non-sense. The article says "Tirant lo Blanc is one of the most important books of Catalan literature". It's obious that there is some kind of relationship between "Catalan literature" and "Catalonia". Of course, if a "catalan literature stub" or a "catalan language stub" were created, this stub reference should be moved from generic Catalonia to one of these ones.

You can propose the creation of such stubs. But removing the link before is an act of vandalism. --Joan sense nick 17:36, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, you're on truth. But Catalan language is related to Catalonia as to Land of Valencia too. So I think that the best choice is leave there with both stubs, until there is a more especific one almost. --Joanot Martorell ✉ 18:15, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

Jsut some information for cultural purposes: Where does the word "Catalán" comes from: It is French. It means the "inhabitant of the Castles" or "Chastlains" or "castlans" (exactly the same than "Castilian"). When the word "Catalán" appears for the first time. In 1115, mentioned by an italian cronist. When Catalonia became really independent?. By the Treaty of Corbeil, in 1248 when the French Monarchie gave up his rights on the Marca Hispanica castles. Where was the idealised hero of Barcelona Wifredo el Vellosos born : in France, in Carcassone. Was Roger of Lauria, the "great catalonian hero" catalán. Not at all, he was born in Lauria (Italy) and served the King of Aragón. Were there Kings in Cataluña. No, never existed. Were there a Principado of Cataluña?. No, never. It is a Prince of Gerona, but never was Cataluña a Principado. Stop trying to be what you are not. You may be proud of some other things, but neither you have ever been a Kingdom, not a Principado, nor you have had a clasic literature in catalán. Catalán is a dialect steaming from latin, exactly the same than castillian, provenzal, italian or valenciano. The difffrence is that, while Valenciano had a dictionary (Liber Elegantiarum), clasic romans (Tirant lo Blanch), traslations of the Bible to Valenciano (Bonifacio Ferrer), etc.. (ALL THEM MENTIONING BLACK ON WHITE THAT THEY WROTE IN VALENCIANO LANGUAGE), the Catalans had nothing, and this is way the catalans desperately need to try to absorb the Valenciano, becuase in catalan there is nothing to show. However, culture is culture, and mixtifications are only for ignorants. Jose Sanchez

Jsut some information for cultural purposes: Where does the word "Catalán" comes from: It is French. It means the "inhabitant of the Castles" or "Chastlains" or "castlans" (exactly the same than "Castilian"). When the word "Catalán" appears for the first time. In 1115, mentioned by an italian cronist. When Catalonia became really independent?. By the Treaty of Corbeil, in 1248 when the French Monarchie gave up his rights on the Marca Hispanica castles. Where was the idealised hero of Barcelona Wifredo el Vellosos born : in France, in Carcassone. Was Roger of Lauria, the "great catalonian hero" catalán. Not at all, he was born in Lauria (Italy) and served the King of Aragón. Were there Kings in Cataluña. No, never existed. Were there a Principado of Cataluña?. No, never. It is a Prince of Gerona, but never was Cataluña a Principado. Stop trying to be what you are not. You may be proud of some other things, but neither you have ever been a Kingdom, not a Principado, nor you have had a clasic literature in catalán. Catalán is a dialect steaming from latin, exactly the same than castillian, provenzal, italian or valenciano. The difffrence is that, while Valenciano had a dictionary (Liber Elegantiarum), clasic romans (Tirant lo Blanch), traslations of the Bible to Valenciano (Bonifacio Ferrer), etc.. (ALL THEM MENTIONING BLACK ON WHITE THAT THEY WROTE IN VALENCIANO LANGUAGE), the Catalans had nothing, and this is way the catalans desperately need to try to absorb the Valenciano, becuase in catalan there is nothing to show. However, culture is culture, and mixtifications are only for ignorants. Jose Sanchez

spelling
I moved the article to show its original spelling "Blanch" in the article's title. I see no reason to adapt the spelling to a modern one, nontheless because the original spelling is actually kept in many modern reprints. Hope this is not controversial. Mountolive  le déluge 01:12, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

As a source for Don Quixote
This article claims that Tirant lo Blanch is a major influence on Don Quixote, and makes several other related claims, but none of them are properly referenced. I added several appropriate templates. --Amir E. Aharoni (talk) 08:24, 8 December 2009 (UTC)

Excerpt from Cervantes
In my text of Don Quijote (Madrid, Espasa-Calpe, 21st edition, 1960), what the village priest says about Tirant el Blanco differs slightly from the English translation given in this article:

 * The Lady Empress is in love not with “the” squire Hipólito but with “his” squire Hipólito.
 * The knights do not “die even doing a will” but they “die in their beds, and make a will before they die”.
 * It was not that the author “deserved to have this book written because he did not do as many silly things as to deserve to be thrown to the galleys” but “he who wrote this deserved, since he did not do so much foolery on purpose, to be sent to the galleys”.
 * It was not that the author “deserved to have this book written because he did not do as many silly things as to deserve to be thrown to the galleys” but “he who wrote this deserved, since he did not do so much foolery on purpose, to be sent to the galleys”.
 * It was not that the author “deserved to have this book written because he did not do as many silly things as to deserve to be thrown to the galleys” but “he who wrote this deserved, since he did not do so much foolery on purpose, to be sent to the galleys”.

--Hors-la-loi 15:21, 3 August 2012 (UTC)

° I am a Bulgarian citizen, raised in Gandia, kin to Joan Martorell, and I can hardly stop myself from crying when reading these disputes. I speak 5 languages, and I can recognize and understand most variations of the same language, when not too different from the one I learnt. Most who have posted here ignore that the language of Tirant lo Blanch is not the same as modern day Valencian or Catalan, just as Old English and Old German aren't the same as their modern DIALECTS. The word DIALECT is not offensive, it means that what people speak has evolved to other words and sounds, while still intelligible by speakers of other dialects, including officially accepted ones. If I understand Argentinians and Andalucians, even if they named their speech with a different name, it would still be part of the same language. Unless Valencians stop understanding Catalonians, it will still be the same language, regardless of the name legally accepted and used. Fighting over a name is dull and absurd, just as the fight for forbidding same-sex marriages because it wouldn't be accurate to call it marriage, as it's between two men (forgetting that two women would be forming exactly a marriage between two potential mothers). The name is irrelevant. Both modern day Catalans and Valencians have difficulty understanding the original Tirant lo Blanch, while no struggle to communicate between each other. Both are dialects of an older variant, which was a dialect of another language (Latin), which was a dialect of another speech (Proto-romanic), derived from Indo-European, and so on. Forgive my incorrect posting, I have never edited a Wikipedia page, just couldn't hold myself with these unnecessary and out-of-topic fights. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A02:810D:1480:E02C:A5E0:CE6E:C4ED:9B76 (talk) 20:29, 31 May 2017 (UTC)

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International name of the language
All the sources used in the article use the name "Catalan", which is also the international name for that language. If you look at the page history, the article said "Catalan" ever since it was created and, even though some users with no sources have been trying to change it a few times (sometimes successfully for relatively long periods), the article has been consistently using the internationally recognised name for most of its history. LucenseLugo is trying to change the name, presumably on the grounds that the official name of that language in the region this book was written is "Valencian". But the fact that a name is official does not mean it is the most suitable name for English speakers (take a look at pages like "Valencia" or "Castellón de la Plana", which employ the names most commonly known to English speakers instead of the official names "València" or "Castelló de la Plana"; even LucenseLugo himself has a history of discussing the inclusion of non-official names on those very grounds). English sources (such as those on the article) most commonly use the name "Catalan", and that is therefore the name that should be used. Notice, on the other hand, that the other user who was trying to change the name (the IP 84.124.250.106) is a cross-wiki vandal who got blocked from the English wiki and whose edits in the Spanish wiki led the editors to protect the page (and whose edits have also been reverted in the Galician and Basque wikis). 79.117.89.135 (talk) 18:10, 3 June 2024 (UTC)

 * All the sources use the name "Catalan", which also happens to be the most accessible name for English speakers.
 * Source 2: "A Catalan classic rediscovered"
 * Source 3: it was originally published as part of the collection "Catalan Studies: Translations and Criticism" (Peter Lang Publishing).
 * Source 4: "it was written in Catalan" (page 2 of the translator's foreword).
 * Source 5: Among the Catalan literature of the late Middle Ages, the chivalric romance entitled Tirant lo Blanc is one of the best known works
 * Source 6: Rosenthal, the first translator into English of the masterpiece of the literature in Catalan language, written by the Valencians Joanot Martorell and Martí Joan de Galba, was boycotted in his first attempt to give a talk in the city [Valencia].
 * Source 7: Only in the late 1940s did Hispanists begin to awaken to the considerable literary qualities of this unique Catalan work of fiction.
 * Source 8: it is a study on Catalan proverbs.

Source 10: its "Advertissement" states: "Advertissement au roman de chevalerie intotulé Histoire du vailant chevalier Tiran le Blanc, traduit de l'original catalan, de Marstorabie, par le comte de Caluys".

 * (I'll add all citations from all the other references later).
 * So read the references and stop accusing people of "vandalism". Nobody but LucenseLugo has cast any doubts on this wording. If anything, a vandal is someone who goes around changing the content of an article at will without considering the sources that support that very content. 79.116.118.247 (talk) 13:49, 4 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tirant lo Blanch


text:
Robert Hughes (Conservative politician)

Robert Gurth Hughes (born 14 July 1951) is a British Conservative Party politician, who was a Government Minister in the 1990s.

Parliamentary career
Hughes was unsuccessful as a candidate for Stepney and Poplar in the 1979 general election. In 1980 Hughes was elected to the Greater London Council representing Croydon Central, serving until 1986. He was the Conservative candidate in the 1983 Bermondsey by-election and contested that constituency's successor seat of Southwark and Bermondsey at the 1983 general election.

In 1987 he was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Harrow West. He successfully defended his seat at the 1992 election but at the 1997 election his 18,000 majority swung to a Labour majority of 1,240 votes for Gareth Thomas. Hughes' Parliamentary Aide in the Commons until May 1997 was fellow Harrow politician, Councillor Mark Versallion.

He served as a Government Whip in 1993 when the Maastricht bill went through the House, and was promoted to Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Office of Public Service and Science in the Cabinet Office in 1994 with responsibility for the Science Research Councils and the Medical Research Council.

On 6 March 1995, Hughes resigned as Minister responsible for the Citizen's Charter over an affair with a constituency worker who had come to him for help from an abusive relationship. Hughes confessed the affair and resigned when he believed that the liaison was about to be exposed in a Sunday newspaper.

He opposed the Conservative party line in 1996 by supporting a total ban on handguns in the wake of the Dunblane Massacre. Robert Hughes is a keen supporter of Land value tax to eliminate income and sales taxes.

Post-political career
Upon leaving the Commons he became General Secretary and then Executive Director of the optical trade body, the Federation of Ophthalmic & Dispensing Opticians. He became the Chief Executive of the Association of Optometrists (AOP) in 2004. In 2011 he left AOP to become the Chief Executive of the Surrey Association for Visual Impairment. As of 2017 he is now the Chairman of the Guildford Conservative Association.

In May 2021 he was elected as a Conservative county councillor for Shere in the Surrey County Council election.

title: Robert Hughes (Conservative politician)


text: Category:Elections in Colombia

title: Category:Elections in Colombia


text:
Second (parliamentary procedure)

In deliberative bodies, a second to a proposed motion is an indication that there is at least one person besides the mover that is interested in seeing the motion come before the meeting. It does not necessarily indicate that the seconder favors the motion.

Purpose
The purpose of requiring a second is to prevent time being wasted by the assembly's having to dispose of a motion that only one person wants to see introduced. Hearing a second to a motion is guidance to the chair that they should state the question on the motion, thereby placing it before the assembly. It does not necessarily indicate that the seconder favors the motion.

Procedure
The seconder may state "I second the motion" or "second" without first being recognized by the chair. They may remain seated but in larger assemblies, except in those where nonmembers may be seated in the hall, the seconder should stand. After hearing a second, the chair then states the question and the motion is placed before the assembly for discussion.

When no second is made
After a motion is proposed, if the motion requires a second and none is immediately offered, the chair of the body will usually ask, "Is there a second?" If no second is obtained within a few moments of proposing the motion, then the motion is not considered by the assembly, and is treated as though it was never offered. Such a motion may be introduced again at any later time.

If a motion which requires a second does not receive one, but is discussed or voted on anyway, it is too late to object to the motion on the grounds that a second was not offered. This is because the purpose of the second has been fulfilled: the assembly is obviously willing to consider the motion.

A point of order that a motion is not in order for lack of a second can only be made before any discussion or vote has taken place on the motion.

When a second is not necessary

 * in a small board or a committee.
 * for motions made by direction of a board or appointed committee.
 * once debate has begun on a motion.
 * for certain procedural motions.

Withdrawal of a second
A second may be withdrawn if the motion is amended by the maker of the motion before it has been stated by the chair. Demeter's Manual states, "The seconder can also withdraw his second after the Chair has stated the question and before it is voted on, if the body permits it either by silent consent, or by majority vote if put to a formal vote."

Parliamentary authorities that discourage seconds

 * Ray Keesey states, "Motions need not be seconded. The requirement of a second is largely a waste of time. What member is so destitute of friends that he can't find one willing to second his motion? The traditional justification for requiring a second is that at least two members would support a motion to justify its consideration. ... There is nothing essentially wrong with the practice of seconding. It is simply unnecessary.
 * Tilson's Manual advises against the use of seconds, stating, "It would seem that nothing could be more nearly useless and unnecessary than for some identified voice from the midst of the assembly to boom out, 'I second it'."
 * Mason's Manual states that "Parliamentary practice in American governmental bodies does not require seconds to motions, and in Parliament itself, where the practice of seconding motions originated, they have not been required for more than a century."

United States
While Jefferson's Manual, which is an authority still used in the US House of Representatives, requires a Second, the House has, by precedent and Standing orders, entirely dispensed with the use of Seconds.

Federal Parliament
Seconds are still required in the Australian House of Representatives for motions moved by private members. On the basis that a Minister is assumed to have the backing of the Government, Motions moved by a Minister and, in certain circumstances, the Chief Government Whip, do not require a seconder. Seconds are called for in some special cases, even when moved by a minister, for example condolence motions, when traditionally the Leader of the Opposition will second the motion. Seconds are not used in the Australian Senate however.

State Parliaments
Seconds are not required in either house of the Parliament of New South Wales nor in the unicameral Legislative Assembly of the Australian Capital Territory.

In the unicameral parliament of Queensland a seconder is not required in most cases. A seconder is required for any motion or amendment to an Address to the Governor, election of the Speaker or condolence.

Local Government
In contrast to the practice in the State Parliament, the Model Code of Meeting Practice for Local Government in New South Wales requires that motions be seconded.

In Queensland the Best Practice Standing Orders for Local Government requires a second for all motions. However, in contrast to NSW, these Standing Orders are not binding on Councils, which may modify them.

Common Law
An early document attesting to the need for a second is Scobell's Memorials etc, which was referenced by Jefferson in his Manual. However the importance of a Second is not clear in Scobell's work, and in any event it has been progressively overturned by legislatures since the 19th Century.

It has been held judicially that the Common Law does not demand a Second, except when the "custom and practice" of the organisation requires it. Although a contrary opinion has also been stated.

title: Second (parliamentary procedure)


text:
Mentioned in dispatches

To be mentioned in dispatches (or despatches, MiD) describes a member of the armed forces whose name appears in an official report written by a superior officer and sent to the high command, in which their gallant or meritorious action in the face of the enemy is described.

In some countries, a service member's name must be mentioned in dispatches as a condition for receiving certain decorations.

United Kingdom

Servicemen and women of the United Kingdom or the Commonwealth who are mentioned in despatches (MiD) are not awarded a medal for their actions, but receive a certificate and wear an oak leaf device on the ribbon of the appropriate campaign medal. A smaller version of the oak leaf device is attached to the ribbon when worn alone. Prior to 2014, only one device could be worn on a ribbon, irrespective of the number of times the recipient was mentioned in despatches. Where no campaign medal is awarded, the oak leaf is worn directly on the coat after any medal ribbons. In the British Armed Forces, the despatch is published in the London Gazette.

Prior to 1914, no decoration existed to signify a mention in despatches, although sometimes a medal for gallantry could be awarded in its place.

For 1914–1918 and up to 10 August 1920, the device consisted of a spray of oak leaves in bronze worn on the ribbon of the Victory Medal. Those who did not receive the Victory Medal wore the device on the British War Medal. Established in 1919, it was retrospective to August 1914. It was not a common honour with, for example, only twenty-five (out of 1,000) members of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment in the First World War mentioned in despatches. In all, 141,082 mentions were recorded in the London Gazette between 1914 and 1920.

From 1920 to 1993, the device consisted of a single bronze oak leaf, worn on the ribbon of the appropriate campaign medal, including the War Medal for a mention during the Second World War. The Canadian Armed Forces still use the bronze oak leaf device.

Since 1993 changes have been made in respect of United Kingdom armed forces:

For awards made from September 1993, the oak leaf has been in silver. The criteria were also made more specific, it now being defined as an operational gallantry award for acts of bravery during active operations.

From 2003, in addition to British campaign medals, the MiD device can be worn on United Nations, NATO and EU medals.

In a change introduced in 2014, up to three MiD devices may be worn on a single campaign medal and ribbon bar for those with multiple mentions, backdated to 1962. Prior to this change, even if the serviceman was mentioned in despatches more than once, only a single such device was worn.

Prior to 1979, a mention in despatches was one of three awards that could be made posthumously, the others being the Victoria Cross and George Cross. The 1979 reform allowed all gallantry decorations to be awarded posthumously.

Soldiers can be mentioned multiple times. The British First World War Victoria Cross recipient John Vereker, later Field Marshal Viscount Gort, was mentioned in despatches nine times, as was the Canadian general Sir Arthur Currie. The Australian general Gordon Bennett was mentioned in despatches a total of eight times during the First World War, as was Field Marshal Sir John Dill.

Below are illustrations of the MiD device being worn on a variety of campaign medal ribbons:

Australia
Australian service personnel are no longer eligible to be mentioned in dispatches. Since 15 January 1991, when the Australian Honours System was established, the MiD has been replaced by the Australian decorations: the Commendation for Gallantry and the Commendation for Distinguished Service. Similarly, the equivalents of the MiD for acts of bravery by civilians and by soldiers not engaged with the enemy have also been reformed. The reformed and comprehensive system is now as follows:
 * The Commendation for Gallantry is now the fourth level decoration for gallantry.
 * The Commendation for Brave Conduct recognises acts of bravery carried out by soldiers not directly fighting the enemy and by civilians in war or peace.
 * The Commendation for Distinguished Service, a third level distinguished service decoration, recognises distinguished general service, for exemplary performance in fields such as training, maintenance and administration.

Canada
A mention in dispatches – in French, Citation à l'ordre du jour – gives recognition from a senior commander for acts of brave or meritorious service, normally in the field. The Mention in dispatches is among the list of awards presented by the governor general of Canada.

India
Mention in dispatches has been used since 1947, in order to recognize distinguished and meritorious service in operational areas and acts of gallantry which are not of a sufficiently high order to warrant the grant of gallantry awards.

Eligible personnel include all Army, Navy and Air Force personnel including personnel of the Reserve Forces, Territorial Army, Militia and other lawfully constituted armed forces, members of the Nursing Service and civilians working under or with the armed forces.

Personnel can be mentioned in dispatches posthumously and multiple awards are also possible. A recipient of a mention in a dispatch is entitled to wear an emblem, in the form of a lotus leaf on the ribbon of the relevant campaign medal. They are also issued with an official certificate from the Ministry of Defence.

Pakistan
Under the current Pakistani military honours system, the Imtiazi Sanad is conferred upon any member of the Pakistan Armed Forces who is mentioned in dispatches for an act of gallantry that does not qualify for a formal gallantry award.

South Africa
In 1920 the Minister of Defence of the Union of South Africa was empowered to award a multiple-leaved bronze oak leaf emblem to all servicemen and servicewomen mentioned in dispatches during the First World War for valuable services in action. The emblem, which was regarded as a decoration, was worn on the ribbon of the Victory Medal (Union of South Africa). Only one emblem was worn, irrespective of the number of times a recipient had been mentioned.

The Afrikaans rendition of mentioned in dispatches is Eervolle Vermelding in Berigte.

In 1943, the Union Defence Force confirmed the availability of the British award, the bronze oak leaf, for acts of bravery, in contact with the enemy, which fell just short of the standard required for the granting of a decoration, or for valuable services not necessarily in immediate contact with the enemy.

The mention in dispatches (MiD) was one of only four awards which could be made posthumously. The others were the Victoria Cross, the George Cross, and the King's Commendation (South Africa). The oak leaf emblem was worn on the ribbon of the War Medal 1939–1945.

The King's Commendation (South Africa) (1939–45) was denoted by a bronze King Protea flower emblem worn on the ribbon of the Africa Service Medal, for valuable services in connection with the Second World War. It could be awarded posthumously and was the equivalent of a mention in dispatches for services rendered away from the battlefield.

The MiD and the King's Commendation (SA) were the only decorations that could be approved by the South African Minister of Defence without reference to the King.

France
Since the French Revolution, France has had the custom of declaring deserving citizens or groups to have bien mérité de la Patrie ("well deserved the recognition of the Country"). This sentiment is continued to this day in the formulation of the citations that accompany medals.

In the French military, mentions in dispatches – or more accurately, mention in orders (citation dans les ordres) – are made by senior commanders, from the level of a Regimental commanding officer to the Commander-in-Chief, in the orders they give to their unit, recognizing the gallantry of an action performed some time before. There are two kinds of mentions: mentions with cross, for bravery in presence of the enemy, and mentions without cross, for bravery not in presence of the enemy.

Mentions with cross
The citations are given for acts of gallantry by any member of the French military or its allies and are, depending on the degree, roughly the equivalent of the US Bronze Star Medal or Silver Star and the UK Mention in Dispatches or Military Cross and, formerly, the Military Medal.

Mentions made during the two World Wars or colonial conflicts were accompanied with awards of a Croix de Guerre or a Croix de la Valeur Militaire, with attachments on the ribbon depending on the mention's degree : the lowest degree is represented by a bronze star while the highest degree is represented by a bronze palm.
 * a bronze star for those who had been mentioned at the regiment or brigade level.
 * a silver star for those who had been mentioned at the division level.
 * a silver gilt star for those who had been mentioned at the corps level.
 * a bronze palm for those who had been mentioned at the army level.
 * a silver palm represents five bronze ones.
 * a silver gilt palm for those who had been mentioned at the Free French Forces level (World War II only).

A unit can also be mentioned in dispatches. The unit standard is then decorated with the corresponding Croix. After two mentions, the men of the unit are entitled to wear a fourragère.

Mentions without cross
Since 2004, mentions for bravery not involving actual combat with the enemy are awarded with a gold Médaille de la Défense nationale (National Defence Medal) and with the same attachments as the Croix de guerre. Before 2004, these mentions were recorded in the service member record, but not recognized with any decoration.

title: Mentioned in dispatches


text: Category:Elections in Costa Rica

title: Category:Elections in Costa Rica


text:
Florencio Morales Ramos

Florencio ("Flor") Morales Ramos (September 5, 1915 – February 23, 1989), better known as Ramito, was a Puerto Rican trovador, and composer who was a native of Caguas, Puerto Rico. Fans of the genre consider him the king of Jíbaro music. Known as "El Cantor de la Montaña" (The Singer from the Mountain), Morales Ramos had two brothers, Luis ("Luisito") and Juan María ("Moralito"), who also attained major recognition as jíbaro singers.

Early years
Ramito was born on September 5, 1915, in the Bairoa barrio of Caguas, Puerto Rico (very close to where Bairoa Gym, headquarters for many Puerto Rican prizefighters and boxing champions, stands nowadays); "Cagüitas" (Little Caguas) was a boyhood nickname of his, used by his closest friends. He left school in fourth grade ("but an old-time fourth grade at that!", he mentioned whenever asked) to assist his parents, who were parenting twelve other children (including six of their own), and whose economic situation was precarious. His mother had been an amateur singer and improviser and he would sing her favorite songs at the sugar cane fields where he served, first as a water boy and later as a messenger and sugar cane cutter. Regarded as a good singer by his peers, he was already singing for money at the age of thirteen. In 1932, he began his music career, as a participant at a local trova singers contest in Caguas. That was the beginning of fame for "Ramito".

Musical career
Ten years later, in 1942, he inaugurated the WIAC radio station, a station with national reach. He also sang in the inaugural broadcast of WKJB-AM in Mayagüez, in 1948. Later he animated the radio show "La Hora del Volante", from Bayamón. His affable stage presence and reputation as a fast improviser and bright lyricist earned him a large following in Puerto Rico and growing communities of Puerto Rican migrants to the northeastern United States.

"Ramito" was featured in the short musical film "Truya" (1950), along the most reputed Puerto Rican jíbaro singers and musicians of the time, including Jesús Sánchez Erazo "Chuíto El De Bayamón", Ernestina Reyes, "La Calandria", Maso Rivera and others. He also appeared on television multiple times and he released a wide number of trova albums, of which many were best sellers in Puerto Rico and other Latin American countries.

Between 1960 and 1972 he nominally moved to New York, where he worked on the radio show "La Montaña Canta" on the WHOM station. He maintained a constant presence in Puerto Rico, however, virtually living between both places.

"Ramito" became an icon to fans of trova music in Puerto Rico, specially those in the mountainside areas of that island. He toured intensely in Latin America and the United States, and had a particularly strong following among the Puerto Rican community in Hawaii, which he visited twice. He also visited Okinawa, where he entertained Puerto Rican troops of the United States military who were stationed there. He sang for president John F. Kennedy at the White House in November 1961, in a showcase of Puerto Rican musical talent that complemented a visit by then governor Luis Muñoz Marín to Washington.

Musical work
Ramito influenced several Puerto Rican musicians and singers, not only within the canción jíbara realm, but also in other Puerto Rican music genres, such as plena and salsa. He is credited with inventing the seis de enramada, one of the many musical structures to which Puerto Rican country music is sung to (collectively named seises after a distantly related genre made popular in Andalusian music). He also popularized the seis llanera, a variety of seis that incorporated musical influences that are also common to Venezuela.

Willie Colón was so strongly moved by Ramito's work that he recorded Patria y Amor, one of Ramito's décimas, as part of his seminal Christmas album Asalto Navideño (1971). Héctor Lavoe's interpretation of the song, renamed "Canto a Borinquen" for the album, is considered the definitive version of this patriotic song, which has since been versioned by José Feliciano, Lucecita Benítez and other Puerto Rican singers.

Que Bonita Bandera
Ramito's composition "Qué Bonita Bandera" -a plena homage to the Puerto Rican flag- deserves a particular mention. During the decade previous to the song's inception in 1968, waving a Puerto Rican flag in public was considered taboo in the island (during a brief period in the early 1950s, which coincided with the Jayuya Uprising and the United States Capitol shooting incident of 1954 it was actually outlawed). Ramito wrote the song to demonstrate pride for the flag. In its lyrics, he incorporated the names of José de Diego, Ramón Emeterio Betances and Luis Muñoz Rivera, and manifested his wish to see it "floating freely over my beautiful Borinquen". It quickly became an unofficial anthem for Puerto Ricans everywhere, and was particularly popular among Puerto Ricans in New York City. Besides Ramito's original version, it has been versioned by multiple artists, including Jennifer Lopez, Ricky Martin, Pete Seeger, Yolandita Monge, Tony Croatto, José González y su Banda Criolla, and others. Salvadorean band La Fuerza used the song's chorus as the basis for a similarly named song honoring El Salvador.

On March 19, 2009, "Qué Bonita Bandera" was played as part of the wake-up call for Space Shuttle Mission STS-119, in honor of Mission Specialist Joe Acaba, whose ancestry is Puerto Rican.

Personal life
In his early years, Ramito was an agricultural worker; he later served as a prison warden and firefighter before becoming a professional singer. In 1970 the government of Puerto Rico named him a liaison and goodwill ambassador to the Puerto Rican communities in the United States.

Ramito married six times and had eight children. His widow Irma Rodriguez is a jíbaro singer on her own merit, whose nickname is "La Jibarita de Salinas". Ramito relocated to her hometown, Salinas, after marrying her. On February 23, 1989, Ramito committed suicide by a self-inflicted gunshot wound in his in-law's house, after learning that a cancer he was suffering at the time had metastasized. He was buried in the town's cemetery.

title: Florencio Morales Ramos