text:
Masako

Masako (written: 雅子, 正子, 真沙子, 真子 or まさこ in hiragana) is a feminine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

 * Empress Masako of Japan (雅子皇后)
 * Princess Masako (恒久王妃昌子内親王), (1888–1940), 6th daughter of Emperor Meiji
 * Masako Chiba (千葉 真子), Japanese long-distance runner
 * Masako Ebisu (恵比寿 まさ子), Japanese voice actress
 * Masako Hachisuka (蜂須賀 正子), Japanese linguist
 * Masako Hayashi (林 雅子), Japanese architect
 * Hōjō Masako (北条 政子), later known as the "Nun Shogun"
 * Masako Hozumi (穂積 雅子), Japanese speed skater
 * Masako Ikeda (池田 昌子), Japanese voice actress
 * Masako Ishida (石田 正子), Japanese cross-country skier
 * Masako Jō (城 雅子), Japanese voice actress
 * Masako Kato (加藤 雅子), Japanese figure skater
 * Masako Katsuki (勝生 真沙子), Japanese voice actress
 * Masako Katsura (桂 マサ子), Japanese carom billiards player
 * Masako Kisaki (木崎 正子), Japanese middle-distance runner
 * Minamoto Masako (源 晶子), (1552–1589), posthumous name of Lady Saigō, first consort of Tokugawa Ieyasu
 * Masako Miura (三浦 雅子), a voice actress
 * Masako Mori (politician) (森 まさこ), Japanese politician
 * Masako Mori (singer) (森 昌子), Japanese enka singer and former 1970s idol
 * Masako Mori (writer) (森 真沙子), Japanese novelist
 * Masako Nakata (中田 正子), Japanese lawyer
 * Princess Nashimoto Masako of Japan (梨本宮方子女王), later Crown Princess Bangja of Korea
 * Masako Natsume (夏目 雅子), Japanese actress
 * Masako Nozawa (野沢 雅子), Japanese voice actress
 * Masako Okawara (大河原 雅子), Japanese politician
 * Masako Sato (field hockey) (佐藤 雅子), Japanese field hockey player
 * Masako Sato (ice hockey) (佐藤 雅子), Japanese ice hockey player
 * Masako Seki (関 正子), Japanese table tennis player
 * Masako Sen (千 容子), former princess of Japan and daughter of Prince Mikasa
 * Masako Sugaya (菅谷 政子), Japanese voice actress
 * Tokugawa Masako (徳川 和子), 5th daughter of Tokugawa Hidetada, the 2nd Tokugawa Shogun
 * Masako Usui (笛吹 雅子), Japanese announcer
 * Masako Watanabe (わたなべ まさこ), Japanese manga artist
 * Masako Yoshida (吉田 雅子), Japanese women's footballer

Fictional characters

 * Masako Kaneko
 * Colonel Masako, main antagonist in the video-game Red Faction
 * Lady Masako Adachi, a character in the video-game Ghost of Tsushima
 * Masako Garmadon, a character from LEGO Ninjago series

title: Masako


text:
Sakai, Gunma

Sakai (境町) was a town located in Sawa District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 31,221 and a density of 998.75 persons per km2. The total area was 31.26 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Sakai, along with the town of Akabori, and the village of Azuma (all from Sawa District), was merged into the expanded city of Isesaki and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Sakai, Gunma


text:
Oranienbaum, Russia

Oranienbaum (Ораниенба́ум) is a Russian royal residence, located on the Gulf of Finland west of St. Petersburg. The Palace ensemble and the city centre are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

History
In 1707, four years after Peter the Great founded Saint Petersburg, he gave the grounds near the seaside to his right-hand man, Aleksandr Danilovich Menshikov.

Menshikov commissioned the architects Giovanni Maria Fontana and Gottfried Schädel, who built his residence, the Grand Menshikov Palace from 1710 to 1727 (not to be confused with Menshikov Palace in Saint Petersburg, built by the same architects around the same time). Menshikov was deposed shortly after Peter's death, and died in exile, and the palace passed out of his family. In 1743, Oranienbaum became the summer residence of Grand Duke Pyotr Fyodorovich, the heir of Empress Elizabeth (the future Emperor Peter III). From 1756 to 1762, the architect Antonio Rinaldi built the Peterstadt Fortress ensemble on the bank of the Karost River for Grand Duke Peter Fedorovitch.

From the outside, the palace is a relatively simple building, single-storey except for the small central pavilion, painted in a mellow combination of ochre and yellow. The Upper Park was laid out from 1750 to 1770.

The palace was the site of two opera premieres to libretti by Metastasio in the middle of the eighteenth century, Amor prigioniero (one act, composed by Francesco Araia, 1755), and Semiramide riconosciuta (three acts, composed by Vincenzo Manfredini, 1760).

In the 19th century, Oranienbaum became a noble manor. During World War II, Oranienbaum suffered to a much lesser extent than other suburbs of St. Petersburg, since defense was deployed here on the so-called “Oranienbaum Bridgehead”. However, the ensemble became desolate in the post-war period, and its serious restoration began only in the late 1990s. Restoration Of Oranienbaum has been a slow process. For the city which grew up around the palace see Lomonosov, Russia.

title: Oranienbaum, Russia


text:
Tamamura

Tamamura (玉村町) is a town located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 36,367 in 15685 households, and a population density of 1440 persons per km². The total area of the town is 25.78 sqkm.

Geography
Tamamura is located in southern Gunma prefecture in the northern extremity of the Kantō plains, bordering Saitama Prefecture to the south. The Tama River flows through the town.

 * Rivers: Tone River, Karasu River

Surrounding municipalities
Gunma Prefecture Saitama Prefecture
 * Takasaki
 * Maebashi
 * Fujioka
 * Isesaki
 * Honjō
 * Kamisato

Climate
Kanra has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by hot summers and cold winters. The average annual temperature in Kanra is 14.5 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1250 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.5 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.4 °C.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Tamamura has recently plateaued after several decades of strong growth.

History
Tamamura developed during the Edo period as a post town on the Nikkō Reiheishi Kaidō, a subroute to Nikkō Kaidō which connects the Nakasendō with Nikkō, bypassing Edo.

Tamamura town was created within Nawa District, Gunma Prefecture on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system after the Meiji Restoration. Nawa District and Sai District merged to form Sawa District in 1896. On April 10, 1955 Tamamura annexed the neighboring village of Shibane, followed by Jōyō on August 1, 1957.

Government
Tamamura has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of 13 members. Tamamura contributes one member to the Gunma Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Gunma 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Many people were employed in sericulture in the past.
 * Agriculture - 877 people (5.1%)
 * Manufacturing - 6957 people (40.2%)
 * Service - 9490 people (54.8%)

Education
Kanra has five public elementary schools and two public middle schools operated by the town government and one public high school operated by the Gunma Prefectural Board of Education. The town also has one private elementary school.

 * Universities
 * Gunma Prefectural Women's University

Railway
Tamamura does not have any passenger railway service. The nearest station is Shinmachi Station in the neighboring city of Takasaki.

Highway

 * – Takasaki-Tamamura Smart IC

title: Tamamura


text:
Sawa District

Sawa District (佐波郡) is a rural district located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan.

As of January 2015, the district had an estimated population of 36,952 and an area of 25.78 km2, with a population density of 1430 people per square kilometer.

Towns and villages
All of the city of Isesaki and part of the city of Maebashi were formerly part of the district.
 * Tamamura

History
Sawa District is one of seven districts in the Gunma Prefecture. It was created on April 1, 1896 by the merger of Sai District and Nawa District. At the time of its creation, it was organized into three towns (Isesaki, Sakai and Tamamura) and 13 villages.
 * 1940, September 13 – Uehasu and Moro villages annexed by Isesaki, which was raised to city status
 * 1955, January 10 – Isesaki annexed Misato village
 * 1955, March 1 – Sakai annexed Uneme, Gōshi and Shima villages
 * 1955, March 25 – Isesaki annexed Nawa, Toyouke and Miyagō villages
 * 1955, April 20 – Tamamura annexed Shibane village
 * 1957, August 1 - Sakai annexed the villages of Jōyō
 * 1986, October 1 – Akabori village was raised to town status
 * 2005, January 1 – Akabori, Sakai towns and Azuma village are annexed by Isesaki.

title: Sawa District


text:
Ojima, Gunma

Ojima (尾島町) was a town located in Nitta District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan.

On March 28, 2005, Ojima, along with the towns of Nitta and Yabuzukahon (all from Nitta District), was merged into the expanded city of Ōta.

title: Ojima, Gunma


text:
Campaigns of 1793 in the French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars re-escalated as 1793 began. New powers entered the First Coalition days after the execution of King Louis XVI on 21 January. Spain and Portugal were among these. Then, on 1 February France declared war on Great Britain and the Netherlands.

Three other powers made inroads into overwhelmingly French-speaking territory in the following months prompting France to amass, domestically, an army of 1,200,000 soldiers. The very ascendant Jacobins executed thousands of proven and suspected dissenters, in the final, climactic phase of the Reign of Terror. Counter-revolutionary forces turned Toulon over to Britain and Spain on 29 August, capturing much of the French navy, a port not retaken by Dugommier (with the assistance of the young Napoleon Bonaparte) until 19 December. Between these months a battle on the northern frontier, in September, was won by France, which saw the mainly British siege of Dunkirk lifted. The year ended with the First French Republic's government, the National Convention, having rebuffed attacks from the south and south-east but having made an unsuccessful counter into Piedmont (toward Turin).

Campaigns
At the opening of the year, Dumouriez chose to ignore orders from the government in Paris to defend Belgium and instead began an invasion of the Netherlands, hoping to overthrow the stadtholder and establish a popular republic backed by France. In the event, he took Breda in Brabant and prepared to cross into Holland and capture Dordrecht. However, the armies remaining in Belgium suffered a number of defeats, such as by the Austrians at Aachen and Liège and their raising (lifting) Miranda's siege of Maastricht. Dumouriez was forced by his superiors to return to Belgium and take command in the Flanders Campaign.

After a defeat at Neerwinden, Dumouriez had to retreat from Belgium. He then made an agreement with the Austrians to hand over to them several border fortresses in return for a truce where he could march on Paris and restore the monarchy under the Constitution of 1791. However, he was unable to secure the loyalty of his troops, and he defected to the Austrian lines rather than face arrest by the Jacobins.

At the same time, the increasing power of radicals in Paris incited revolt in the provinces, with the people of Lyon and Marseille rebelling and the Vendée raising an army to attack the central government and open communications with Britain. Spanish armies crossed the Pyrenees, Kingdom of Sardinia (largely Piedmont-Savoy) armies various Alpine borders, and Austrian armies occupied Valenciennes and forced the northern armies back toward Paris. Britain ordered a naval blockade of France on 31 May.

The revolutionary government prepared a full mobilization of the nation (see Levée en masse), showing no mercy to internal or external enemies. According to Mignet's History of the French Revolution: "The republic had very soon fourteen armies, and 1,200,000 soldiers. France, while it became a camp and a workshop for the republicans, became at the same time a prison for those who did not accept the republic." They proceeded to suppress Caen, Lyon, and Marseille, although the counter-revolutionary forces turned Toulon over to Britain and Spain on 29 August, resulting in the capture of much of the French navy, and Toulon was not retaken by Dugommier (with the assistance of the young Napoleon Bonaparte) until 19 December.

In September, Nicolas Houchard defeated the Duke of York at Hondschoote, forcing him to abandon the siege of Dunkirk. In October Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, taking over the northern armies, won the Battle of Wattignies and returned to the offensive, but did not make major gains before the winter.

In the Pyrenees, the French armies ended the year on a defensive posture near the border, while on the Alpine frontier, a French invasion of Kingdom of Sardinia failed.


text:
User:Kharhaz

My areas of specialty are Philosophy and general clarification.

title: User:Kharhaz


text:
File talk:Paris.performance.600pix.jpg

Disagree, this is not performance art but street entertainment/theatre. Wouldn't consider as performance art as this has been defined through a struggle away from theatre in art.

title: File talk:Paris.performance.600pix.jpg


text: Category:Abrahamic religions

title: Category:Abrahamic religions


text:
Errett Lobban Cord

Errett Lobban "E. L." Cord (July 20, 1894 – January 2, 1974) was an American business executive. He was considered a leader in United States transport during the early and middle 20th century.

Cord founded the Cord Corporation in 1929 as a holding company for over 150 companies he controlled, mostly in the field of transportation. The corporation controlled the Auburn Automobile Company, which built the Auburn and Cord automobiles; Lycoming Engines; Duesenberg Inc.; New York Shipbuilding; Checker Motors; Stinson Aircraft Company; and American Airways (later American Airlines), amongst other holdings.

In 1932, Cord formed the Aircraft Development Corporation, which was instrumental in the development of Jerry Vultee's Vultee V-1.

Biography
Born in Warrensburg, Missouri, Cord had been a race car driver, mechanic and car salesman before he was offered the opportunity to manage the dying Auburn Automobile Company in 1924. By 1928 he controlled Auburn, which by 1931 was the 13th largest seller of autos in the United States. During 1934, he moved to England, reportedly because of kidnapping threats. He moved back to the United States in 1936, but then came under investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission for his dealings in Checker Cab stock. In 1937 he sold the Cord Corporation to the Aviation Corporation and retired to Los Angeles to earn even more millions in real estate. Cord owned several of the first radio and television stations in California and later Nevada, where he moved in the 1940s. In the call letters of his Los Angeles radio station, KFAC, the A.C. stands for Auburn Cord. In Reno, Cord established KCRL-TV and radio in the 1950s and operated it for more than 25 years. The 'CRL' in the station's call letters stood for "Circle L"—a ranch Cord owned in the Nevada desert.

During the 1940s he filled in for a Nevada state legislator who died in the middle of his term and again rose to fame as a politician in his later life. In 1958 he was asked to run for governor of Nevada, but he refused and never explained why. He died in Reno, Nevada from cancer in 1974, aged 79.

Legacy
Cord established The E.L. Cord Foundation on December 4, 1962. After his passing, a substantial portion of his Estate was dedicated to the foundation to be used for the betterment and well being of mankind.

The foundation established the E.L. Cord Museum School and funds several scholarships at the Nevada Museum of Art.

Other grants in the field of education include the E.L. Cord Student Success Center and The E.L. Cord Foundation Center for Learning and Literacy at the University of Nevada, scholarships at Truckee Meadows Community College, and a fellowship at Wichita State University.

A collection of Cord's autos is in Auburn, Indiana, (1600 South Wayne Street) at the Auburn Cord Duesenberg Automobile Museum.

Popular culture
Gram Parsons wrote a song about Cord called "The New Soft Shoe" that appeared on his first solo release, titled GP.

title: Errett Lobban Cord


text:
Nitta District, Gunma

Nitta District (新田郡) was formerly a rural district located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Most of the city Ōta and parts of the cities of Midori and Isesaki were formerly part of the district

Nitta District was created on December 7, 1878, with the reorganization of Gunma Prefecture into districts. It included one town (Ōta) and 96 villages, which were formerly part of the tenryō holdings in Kōzuke Province under the direct administration of the Tokugawa shogunate or administered by hatamoto, 12 villages under Maebashi Domain, and one village each under Tatebayshi Domain, Okabe Domain (Musashi Province), and Sano Domain (Shimotsuke Province) and two villages under Nishibata Domain (Mikawa Province). With the establishment of the municipalities system on April 1, 1889, the area was organized into four towns (Ota, Kizaki, Yabuzukahon, and Ojima) and 9 villages (Kasakake, Kuai, Sawano, Torinosato, Namashina, Watauchi, Kyodo, Serada and Hosen).

History

 * April 1, 1940 - The town of Ōta and the villages of Kokonoai and Sawano were merged with the village of Nirakawa (from Yamada District) to create the town of Ōta. (4 towns, 7 villages)
 * November 1, 1943 - The village of Torinosato was merged into the town of Ōta. (4 towns, 6 villages)
 * May 3, 1948 - The town of Ōta was elevated to city status. (3 towns, 6 villages)
 * September 30, 1956 - The town of Kizaki and the villages of Namashima and Watauchi were merged to create the town of Nitta. (3 towns, 4 villages)
 * April 1, 1957 - The village of Kyodo was merged into the city of Ota. (3 towns, 3 villages)
 * November 1, 1957 - The village of Serada had split and was merged into the town of Sakai (in Sawa District, now the city of Isesaki) and the town of Ojima, respectively. (3 towns, 2 villages)
 * April 1, 1963 - The village of Hosen was merged into the city of Ōta. (3 towns, 1 village)
 * April 1, 1990 - The village of Kasakake was elevated to town status. (4 towns)
 * March 28, 2005 - The towns of Nitta, Ojima and Yabuzukahon were merged into the expanded city of Ōta. (1 town)
 * March 27, 2006 - The town of Kasakake was merged with the town of Ōmama (from Yamada District), and the village of Azuma (from Seta District) to create the city of Midori. Nitta District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

title: Nitta District, Gunma


text:
Hunza River

Hunza River is the principal river within the Hunza region in Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan. It is formed by the confluence of the Chapursan and Khunjerab nalas (gorges) which are fed by glaciers. It is also joined by the Gilgit River and the Naltar River, before it flows into the Indus River.

The river cuts through the Karakoram range, flowing from north to south. The Karakoram Highway (N-35) runs along the Hunza River valley, switching to the Khunjerab River valley at the point of confluence, eventually reaching the Khunjerab Pass at the border with China at Xinjiang.

The river is dammed for part of its route.

The Attabad landslide disaster in January 2010 completely blocked the Hunza Valley. The blocked Hunza River created a lake — called the Attabad Lake or Gojal Lake, which extended 30 kilometers and rose to a depth of 400 feet (approximately 122 meters). The landslide completely covered sections of the Karakoram Highway.

The Hunza River is being affected by the climate change.

title: Hunza River


text:
How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent?

How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent? (How Late Do You Have To Be Before You Are Absent?) is a double album by George Clinton & the P-Funk All-Stars, released September 6, 2005 on Clinton's label The C Kunspyruhzy. The album also featured release in France on Nocturne Records. It is their first album of new studio material since 1996's T.A.P.O.A.F.O.M. (The Awesome Power Of A Fully Operational Mothership), which was primarily due to a lengthy court battle over ownership of Clinton's recordings.

How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent? features appearances by Prince and Jazze Pha, alongside members of Parliament-Funkadelic. The album is compiled from different sessions over the last decade and is presented as a taste of more new Parliament and Funkadelic material to come. Clinton cited it as "one of the best records we've ever done". Despite mixed criticism towards its indulgent style, How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent? received generally positive reviews from music critics.

Track listing

 * Disc one

 * Disc two

Personnel
Credits for How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent? adapted from Allmusic.

 * Dallas Austin – producer, instrumentation
 * Pedro Bell – artwork
 * Barbarella Bishop – management
 * Chris Bittner – instrumentation
 * Steve Boyd – producer
 * Sheila Brody – vocals
 * Felicia Collins – instrumentation
 * Gary "Mudbone" Cooper – vocals, instrumentation
 * Lige Curry – instrumentation
 * Raymond Davis – vocals
 * Pete Deboer – assistant engineer
 * Sue Dog – vocals
 * Larry Ferguson – mixing
 * Errol Lem – mastering
 * Sandra Feva – vocals
 * Amp Fiddler – instrumentation
 * Paul Hill- vocals,Producer
 * Kendra Foster – vocals
 * Joi Gilliam – vocals
 * Michael Hampton – instrumentation
 * Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins – vocals
 * Lili Haydn – instrumentation
 * Archie Ivy – management
 * Jazze Pha – vocals
 * Robert "P-Nut" Johnson – vocals
 * Joi – performer
 * Louis Kabbabie – vocals
 * Trey Lewd – vocals
 * Pat Lewis – vocals
 * Tracey Lewis – vocals, instrumentation
 * Rob Manzoli – vocals, producer, instrumentation
 * Eric McFadden – instrumentation

 * Blackbyrd McKnight – instrumentation
 * J.T. Money – vocals
 * Jim Morgan – engineer
 * Cordell Mosson – instrumentation
 * Nate Oberman – engineer
 * Clip Payne – vocals, producer, instrumentation
 * Michael "Clip" Payne – producer
 * Billy Preston – instrumentation
 * Prince – vocals, instrumentation
 * Jerome Rogers – instrumentation
 * Ricky Rouse – instrumentation
 * Sativa – performer
 * Nowell Eugene Scott aka Nowell Eugene Haskins – instrumentation
 * Gary Shider – vocals, producer
 * Kevin Shider – vocals
 * Tim Shider – instrumentation
 * Calvin Simon – vocals
 * Bob Smith – engineer
 * Ronald Spearman – instrumentation
 * RonKat Spearman – vocals
 * Joe Spencer – engineer
 * David Spradley – instrumentation
 * Bob Stovern – layout design
 * George Ware – management
 * Vaughn Wilson – producer, engineer, instrumentation
 * Colin Wolfe – instrumentation
 * Belita Woods – vocals
 * Bernie Worrell – instrumentation
 * Gary Thomas Wright – producer, instrumentation, mixer
 * Jim "Big Jim" Wright – vocals
 * Ron Wright – instrumentation
 * Dwayne "D-Cat" Cornelius - instrumentation
 * Martin J. Andersen (credited as Martin Jepsen Anderson) - instrumentation
 * Jesper Bunk (credited as Jasper Bunk) - instrumentation

title: How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent?


text:
Talk:How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent?

Personnel additions removed?
Hi!

I'm new to this Wikipedia business, so please bear with me.

I added a few names to the list of personnel on the album, but they have been removed. May i ask why?

Jaythornhill (talk) 20:00, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

 * The names were sourced to Discogs, and (according to its Wikipedia article) "the data in Discogs comes from submissions contributed by users who have registered accounts on the web site." That disqualifies the site from being a reliable source. — Malik Shabazz Talk/Stalk 20:18, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

OK, i see. Thank you. Does a reliable source have to be accessible online? I mean, the names are on the CD cover as well. Can that be submitted as a reliable source?

Jaythornhill (talk) 20:22, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

 * There is no requirement that reliable sources be online. That would disqualify a lot of books, wouldn't it?
 * If the names are in the CD liner notes, just add them. I assume that's where all the other musician credits came from. I'm not sure why some names were included and others omitted, but please fix it if it's wrong. — Malik Shabazz Talk/Stalk 20:33, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

OK. I'll just add them then. Thanks! Jaythornhill (talk) 20:35, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

 * If you're citing the liner notes/CD, then you can remove the Allmusic cite and replaced it with "adapted from liner notes" and the cite, using Template:Cite album-notes. Dan56 (talk) 21:25, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent?


text:
Yabuzukahon, Gunma

Yabuzukahon (藪塚本町) was a town located in Nitta District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan.

On March 28, 2005, Yabuzukahon, along with the towns of Nitta and Ojima (all from Nitta District), was merged into the expanded city of Ōta.

River

 * 蛇川

Place name

 * 大原
 * 大久保
 * 薮塚
 * 山之神
 * 寄合
 * 六千石

Adjacent municipality

 * 桐生市
 * 伊勢崎市
 * 新田郡
 * 新田町
 * 笠懸町

School

 * 藪塚本町小学校
 * 藪塚本町南小学校
 * 藪塚本町中学校

Library

 * 藪塚本町図書館

Children's center

 * 藪塚本町児童館

Police

 * 太田警察署 藪塚本町交番

Health

 * 藪塚本町保健センター

Posto office

 * 藪塚本町郵便局
 * 藪塚駅前郵便局

Park

 * 藪塚本町中央運動公園

title: Yabuzukahon, Gunma


text:
Talk:Benzoyl peroxide

Can this be clarified?
"Benzoyl peroxide works as a peeling agent, increasing skin turnover and clearing pores, thus reducing the bacterial count there as well as directly as an antibacterial." Reducing baterial count where? It may be restated as "Benzoyl peroxide works as a peeling agent, increasing skin turnover and clearing pores. This mode of action may reduce acne symptoms, as well as by acting as an antibacterial". (I would change it myself, but I'm not sure that was the original intent, and there's no citation.)--Ryuns (talk) 01:30, 30 July 2008 (UTC)

Some questions
Requesting chemical properties of Benzoyl peroxide. Could not find any factual properties anywhere. -Masterhomer

Shouldn't Benzoyl peroxide be more under a drug then a chemical? So rather then have a chembox won't a drugbox be better? If no disagreement will do it shortly. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Crislee 88 (talk • contribs).

 * Well, it does have other uses, e.g. as an industrial catalyst for radical polymerization, and the chembox looks pretty good to me, but if you can make the drugbox look just as good I'd be fine with that. Go for it. —Keenan Pepper 15:50, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Am teaching an organic chem lab using benzoyl peroxide and will see if I can't align the page a little more towards organic chemistry. Menswear 15:03, 1 September 2007 (UTC)

 * OK. The page is changed like it is. I'll check back in some unspecified while to see if there has been a source provided for the mutanogenic/carcinogenic at low concentrations company fact. I did change it from "found to not be" to "not found to be". Added to "appurtenances" in wiktionary too! Menswear 16:48, 1 September 2007 (UTC)

Half-life????
can someone explain this line?: "Half-life is 140 hours at 50°C. At 90°C it is already only 1 hour" I thought half-life was only for radioactive material —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Mdk0642 (talk • contribs) 01:52, 27 January 2007 (UTC).

 * No, half life can be applied to anything which is undergoing depletion, normally by a decay mechanism. Also, the "solubility" physical parameter is given as "poor". This doesn't make sense unless it is specified what solvent is being referred to.--129.94.6.29 06:55, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Just curious, could we preface this with a "This substance tends to decompose quickly in heat. ... rest of section" to the section? Just to clarify, because I asked myself what the point of the section was, and simply stating it might make it easier reading thanks! wubrgamer (talk) 23:52, 24 September 2008 (UTC)

scar?
is it possible for this cream to scar the face after severe burning has taken effect?

 * Anything can theoretically happen, but I've never heard of such a thing. Some people are allergic to it, but I've never, ever heard of a permanent scar forming at therapeutic concentrations. Normally, the absolute worst you could get would be a very superficial burn which heals without any problems. The chemical decomposes at the very surface of the skin, so deep burns necessary to causes scarring are essentially unheard of.WolfKeeper 00:10, 2 March 2007 (UTC)

Consuming the compound
If someone has the knowledge, can they please show results if one were to ingest such a chemical formulation. There just appears to be a burning curiosity of mine, to as the causes of doing such a thing can lead to, in relation to the long-term effects or how other organs / parts of the body react negatively. Tk Dailly Rubbings 15:51, 20 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, they put it in cake and pastry flour (Five Roses in Canada). Not very much of it though. I do wonder if it's harmful. --99.224.95.88 18:05, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

Removed uncited claim
I removed this bogus claim that a) benzoyl peroxide removes the top layer of skin, b) benzoyl peroxide and sunscreen together can work as an anti-aging treatment:

''Benzoyl peroxide removes the top layer of skin, which also decreases the sun protective effect (roughly SPF 3). This can cause sunburn and premature aging if sun protection is not worn. If sun protection is used, benzoyl peroxide has effects similar to glycolic acid peels which are so-called anti-aging treatments.''

dearly (talk) 17:20, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Um. That is what it does though.- (User) WolfKeeper (Talk) 17:48, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Alright, but it should still be cited. Sounds like a bogus claim to me dearly (talk) 21:36, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

"The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is proposing additional labeling (warnings and directions) for all topically-applied acne treatment products containing benzoyl peroxide. The warning advises consumers to avoid unnecessary sun exposure and to use a sunscreen when using a benzoyl peroxide product to treat acne..."

 * It's not an anti-aging treatment, but it does similar things to glycolic peels and temporarily sensitises the skin to UV.- (User) WolfKeeper (Talk) 17:48, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

 * That's why all the BP packaging recommends the use of sunscreens.- (User) WolfKeeper (Talk) 17:48, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Yeah, it's pretty well documented that it makes your skin more susceptible to UV damage and sunscreen would prevent that to an extent. But as an anti-aging treatment?  I have my doubts dearly (talk) 21:40, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

Removed advertisement-laced external reference
Ligart (talk) 02:31, 8 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Benzoyl Peroxide as Acne Treatment Using Benzoyl Peroxide to treat Acne.

Irrelevant/Misleading Claim
"Benzoyl peroxide breaks down in contact with skin, producing benzoic acid and oxygen, neither of which is significantly toxic."

If the chemical is a possible mutagen (as stated earlier in the article) the safety of its breakdown products is not relevant and serves only to lull the reader into a false sense of security. For example, hydrogen peroxide breaks down into water and oxygen, two substances that are harmless, but prior to its decomposition it is corrosive, carcinogenic and toxic. 24.65.95.239 (talk) 00:12, 4 January 2009 (UTC)

Hydrogen peroxide is toxic and carcinogenic? Can you provide evidence that supports this claim?

User:24.65.95.239 seems to have chemophobia about Reactive_oxygen_species - "a normal product of cellular metabolism". Non-cell produced hydrogen peroxide would react with basically any organic material long before it found its was about to damage DNA, and IARC classifies it as Group 3 - "not classifiable as carcinogenic to humans". From: href="www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1246260031509 Hydrogen Peroxide Toxicological overview. Its toxicity depends on the strength and amount - 30% solutions using in wood bleaching are corrosive enough to char dirt. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.136.1.239 (talk) 15:34, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

2.5 is as effective
This statement is not supported:

Research suggests that 5 and 10% concentrations are significantly more effective than 2.5%, but 2.5% is usually better tolerated.[5][6]

Reference 5 states in the abstract:

The 2.5% benzoyl peroxide formulation was more effective than its vehicle and equivalent to the 5% and 10% concentrations in reducing the number of inflammatory lesions (papules and pustules).

6 only compares 2.5 and 5%, and states both are highly effective (I don't have access to the full text, however). Here's a 2009 reference supporting equivalence:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19588642

I'm changing this later if no one raises any objection. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jkom329 (talk • contribs) 20:30, 26 February 2011 (UTC)

The following needs be reconsidered. The treatment algorithm described may not be desirable for reasons above. In general, why increase if 2.5% is found to be as effective as higher concentrations with less irritation? Also, BP's primary mechanism of action is anti-bacterial, and this should be emphasized over its mild desquamation and possibly sebostatic effects.

"It is sensible to apply the lowest concentration and build up as appropriate. Once tolerance is achieved, increasing the quantity or concentration a second time and gaining tolerance at a higher level usually gives better subsequent acne clearance. Benzoyl peroxide works as a peeling agent, increasing skin turnover and clearing pores, thus reducing the bacterial count there as well as directly as an antimicrobial.[citation needed]" — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jkom329 (talk • contribs) 08:26, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Another problem: the tolerance of BP's side effects within "one week or so" is not referenced, and I suspect it is not accurate. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jkom329 (talk • contribs) 08:33, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

It seems a large number of studies, especially the most recent ones done under the strictest of evaluation conditions, have compared commonly available 5 and 10% versus other treatment forms, not versus 2.5%. They almost always find it is highly effective and either nearly or as effective as every other treatment except oral isotrentinoin or BPO plus something else. The sensitivity issues eventually decrease and patients are likely to have excellent results if they push through it. Only a small number of studies appear to compare 2.5% to 10%. Thus, it is not justified to announce conclusively that 10% is no more effective than 2.5%, since the lower concentration has never (to my knowledge) been repeatedly compared to full-course anti-biotics and topical retinoids, for instance. Heck, BPO is available in some parts of the world up to 20% and for a reason. Including Canada. Speaking of Canada... The 1977 study is a weird one to bring up under adverse reactions. Moisturizer? Sunscreen? This was 1977, after all. It is widely reported and substantiated by the literature that people vary as to their tolerance of BPO. It's far more rational to suggest people use the highest concentration they can tolerate without severe reactions, since the best, most reliable repeated studies have found the higher concentrations definitely produce excellent results when stuck with... even if we cannot conclude reliably that 2.5% really is equivalent to 6 months of tetracycline and Retin-A, for instance. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.178.144.45 (talk) 05:42, 7 April 2011 (UTC)

That most studies compare higher concentrations of BPO to alternative treatments does not necessarily mean that the higher concentrations are more effective than 2.5%. Studies comparing various concentrations of BPO do show that 2.5% is as effective as higher strengths, and there is general agreement on this in recent literature reviews (too lazy to cite at the moment). More head-to-head clinical trials with other APIs are always desirable, yes, but practically it seems that the current body of evidence is adequate to support equivalence.

20% and higher concentrations are generally used as antiseptics, not acne treatments. Anyway, the mere availability of higher concentrations does not mean they are more effective. Marketing divisions like to put "maximum strength" on products if they can, thus the unfortunate scarcity of 2.5% formulations.

A truly rational and widely used approach to acne treatment with BPO is this: start with 2.5% and increase strength as tolerated only if necessary to achieve control of acne. This strategy covers any possibility that higher concentrations might be more effective in certain patients, though I would be more inclined to add a retinoid rather than increase the strength of BPO. Significantly greater progress at higher concentrations should not be relied upon. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jkom329 (talk • contribs) 09:14, 20 May 2011 (UTC)

The following statements are contradictory. The current literature suggests that 2.5% is as effective in head-to-head trials with higher concentrations. Period. Since that's the case, it doesn't make sense to say increasing concentrations *usually* gives better results. Increasing concentration *may* give better results in some cases. There are always exceptions. I'm changing these statements accordingly. "Some research suggests that 5 and 10% concentrations are not significantly more effective than 2.5%" "increasing the quantity or concentration a second time and gaining tolerance at a higher level usually gives better subsequent acne clearance" — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jkom329 (talk • contribs) 05:12, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

Toleration (2.5% vs 5% vs 10%)
The study cited states that "Desquamation, erythema, and symptoms.of burning with the 2.5% gel were less frequent than with the 10% preparation but equivalent to the 5% gel. Wiki page has been edited to reflect that. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.26.219.28 (talk) 14:34, 24 January 2014 (UTC)

Use as an explosive in film and television special effects
Benzoyl peroxide is used as a special effects explosive as it is relatively safe with much lower blast effects than many other explosive substances. A benzoyl peroxide explosion is also attractive for filming as it produces a deep orange flame and thick black smoke. Roger (talk) 15:59, 22 March 2012 (UTC)

Infobox
The infobox describes the chemical compound (ie. in its pure form) and list it as explosive etc.). I think its strange and misleading to include the pharmacology data in the infobox too, because it is not for the chemical but for some solution (or whatever) of it. For the same reason the drugbox warns against putting chemical data in the the drug boxes. Christian75 (talk) 17:46, 7 July 2015 (UTC)

And Benzoyl hydroxide?
It is also formulated as acne medication paste and more effective than benzoyl peroxide. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.30.56.204 (talk) 03:14, 23 August 2016 (UTC) can we use benzoyl perioxide for the face without mixing with any other source --Hasitha sadaruwan (talk) 15:55, 12 October 2017 (UTC)'Bold text'

Chemical formula?
The first sentence says benzoyl peroxide has a structural formula (ChH5\sC(\dO)O\s)2. Now I haven't taken chemistry since high school but I don't know what "Ch" is, and looking elsewhere on the web I'm suspecting it's a typo and should be C6. If someone else can confirm, can it please be changed? (I don't want to change it myself since I'm not a chemist and therefore not 100% sure.) Mjbaldwin (talk) 04:50, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Error in chemical equation
In the section "Synthesis, structure, and chemical reactivity" there are two chemical equations for two different methods of producing benzoyl peroxide. However, the second half of the second equation seems to have been copied wholesale from the first equation. The second synthesis starts with benzoyl chloride and hydrogen peroxide, but for some reason in the products there is barium chloride. I believe the products should be 1 mole of benzoyl peroxide and 2 moles of hydrogen chloride, but I'm not a chemist and would love it if one came along to correct the equation. Lumberjane Lilly (talk) 14:17, 20 January 2023 (UTC)
 * ✅ --Smokefoot (talk) 16:31, 20 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Benzoyl peroxide


text: Category:Nosology

title: Category:Nosology


text:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外務省) is an executive department of the Government of Japan, and is responsible for the country's foreign policy and international relations.

The ministry was established by the second term of the third article of the National Government Organization Act, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Establishment Act. According to the law, the mission of the ministry is "to aim at improvement of the profits of Japan and Japanese nationals, while contributing to maintenance of peaceful and safe international society, and, through an active and eager measure, both to implement good international environment and to keep and develop harmonic foreign relationships".

Policy formulation
Under the 1947 constitution, the cabinet exercises primary responsibility for the conduct of foreign affairs, subject to the overall supervision of the National Diet. The Prime Minister is required to make periodic reports on foreign relations to the Diet, whose upper and lower houses each have a foreign affairs committee. Each committee reports on its deliberations to plenary sessions of the chamber to which it belongs. Ad hoc committees are formed occasionally to consider special questions. Diet members have the right to raise pertinent policy questions—officially termed interpellations—to the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Prime Minister. Treaties with foreign countries require ratification by the Diet. As head of state, the Emperor performs the ceremonial function of receiving foreign envoys and attesting to foreign treaties ratified by the Diet.

As the chief executive and constitutionally the dominant figure in the political system, the Prime Minister has the final word in major foreign policy decisions. The Minister for Foreign Affairs, a member of the cabinet, acts as the Prime Minister's chief adviser in matters of planning and implementation. The Minister is assisted by two vice ministers: one in charge of administration, who was at the apex of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs structure as its senior career official, and the other in charge of political liaison with the Diet. Other key positions in the ministry include members of the ministry's Secretariat, which has divisions handling consular, emigration, communications, and cultural exchange functions, and the directors of the various regional and functional bureaus in the ministry.

The ministry's staff includes an elite career foreign service corps, recruited on the basis of a competitive examination and thereafter trained by the ministry's Foreign Service Training Institute. The handling of specific foreign policy issues is usually divided between the geographic and functional bureaus to minimize overlap and competition. In general, bilateral issues are assigned to the geographic bureaus, and multilateral problems to the functional bureaus. The Treaties Bureau, with its wide-ranging responsibilities, tend to get involved in the whole spectrum of issues. The Information Analysis, Research, and Planning Bureau engages in comprehensive and coordinated policy investigation and planning.

Long a profession of high social prestige, diplomatic service from the Meiji period through World War II was a preserve of the upper social strata. In addition to formal qualifications, important prewar requirements for admission were proper social origin, family connections, and graduation from Tokyo Imperial University (the present-day University of Tokyo). After World War II, these requirements were changed as part of democratic reform measures but foreign service continued to be a highly regarded career. Most career foreign service officers had passed the postwar Higher Foreign Service Examination before entry into the service. Many of these successful examinees were graduates of the prestigious Law Faculty of the University of Tokyo. Almost all ambassadorial appointments since the 1950s have been made from among veteran diplomats.

Diplomacy in postwar Japan was not a monopoly of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Given the overriding importance of economic factors in foreign relations, the ministry worked closely with the Ministry of Finance on matters of customs, tariffs, international finance, and foreign aid; with the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) on exports and imports; and with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries on questions of foreign agricultural imports and fishing rights. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs also consulted other agencies, such as the Defense Agency, the Fair Trade Commission, the Japan Export-Import Bank (JEXIM), the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), the Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund, and the Overseas Technical Cooperation Agency. On many issues affecting the country's foreign economic activities—and thus its diplomatic relations as well—the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and sometimes MITI and the Ministry of Finance were known to favor liberalizing import restrictions. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries and other domestic ministries, however, took a more protectionist stand, evidently because of pressures from special interest groups.

The vital importance of foreign affairs expanded to affect virtually every aspect of national life in postwar Japan, and the multiplicity of agencies involved in external affairs continued to be a source of confusion and inefficiency in the formulation of foreign policy. Yet as the postwar generation of leaders and policymakers began to assume a greater role in government decision making and as public attitudes on foreign policy issues matured, there were indications that foreign affairs were being conducted on the basis of a more stable consensus.

The current Minister for Foreign Affairs is Yōko Kamikawa.

Diplomatic Bluebook
The Diplomatic Bluebook (外交青書) is an annual report produced by the Ministry outlining the government's foreign policy and assessment of international political trends. The Bluebook was first issued in 1957. The report can trigger reactions from other countries upset with relevant Japanese policy. For instance, the omission of the phrase "South Korea is our most important neighbor" and the addition of "South Korea's occupation of [the Liancourt Rocks] is illegal" in the 2018 Bluebook caused significant controversy with the South Korean government.

Main branches

 * Minister's Secretariat
 * Chief of Protocol
 * Press Secretary / Director-General for Press and Public Relations
 * Public Diplomacy Department
 * Foreign Policy Bureau
 * Disarmament, Non-Proliferation and Science Department
 * Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau
 * Southeast and Southwest Asian Affairs Department
 * North American Affairs Bureau
 * Latin American and Caribbean Affairs Bureau
 * European Affairs Bureau
 * Middle Eastern and African Affairs Bureau
 * Director-General for Sub-Saharan African Affairs
 * Economic Affairs Bureau
 * International Cooperation Bureau
 * Director-General for Global Issues
 * International Legal Affairs Bureau
 * Consular Affairs Bureau
 * Intelligence and Analysis Service
 * Foreign Service Training Institute

title: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)


text:
Campaigns of 1794 in the French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1793 with few immediate changes in the diplomatic situation as France fought the First coalition.

On the Alpine frontier, there was little change, with the French invasion of Piedmont failing. On the Spanish border, the French under General Dugommier rallied from their defensive positions at Bayonne and Perpignan, driving the Spanish out of Roussillon and invading Catalonia. Dugommier was killed in the Battle of the Black Mountain in November. On the northern front in the Flanders Campaign, the Austrians and French both prepared offensives in Belgium, with the Austrians besieging Landrecies and advancing towards Mons and Maubeuge. The French prepared an offensive on multiple fronts, with two armies in Flanders under Pichegru and Moreau, and Jourdan attacking from the German border. The French withstood several damaging but inconclusive actions before regaining the initiative at the battles of Kortrijk, Tourcoing and Fleurus in June. The French armies drove the Austrians, British, and Dutch beyond the Rhine, occupying Belgium, the Rhineland, and the south of the Netherlands.

On the middle Rhine front in July General Michaud's Army of the Rhine attempted two offensives in July in the Vosges, the second of which was successful, but not followed up allowing for a Prussian counter-attack in September. Otherwise this sector of the front was largely quiet over the course of the year.

At sea, the French Atlantic Fleet succeeded in holding off a British attempt to interdict a vital cereal convoy from the United States on the First of June, though at the cost of one quarter of its strength. In the Caribbean, the British fleet landed in Martinique in February, taking the whole island by 24 March and holding it until the Peace of Amiens, and in Guadeloupe in April, where they captured the island briefly but were driven out by Victor Hugues later in the year. In the Mediterranean, following the British evacuation of Toulon, the Corsican leader Pasquale Paoli agreed with admiral Samuel Hood to place Corsica under British protection in return for assistance capturing French garrisons at Saint-Florent, Bastia, and Calvi, creating the short-lived Anglo-Corsican Kingdom.

By the end of the year French armies had won victories on all fronts, and as the year closed they began advancing into the Netherlands.


text:
Palm Bay

Palm Bay may refer to:

 * Palm Bay, Florida, a city in Florida, United States
 * Palm Bay (Florida), a bay in Florida, United States
 * Palm Bay, Kent, a bay in Cliftonville, England

title: Palm Bay


text:
Bahman (disambiguation)

Bahman is the 11th month of the year in Zoroastrian & Iranian calendars, named after the Zoroastrian concept.

Bahman may also refer to:

Religion

 * Vohu Manah, the Zoroastrian Amesha Spenta (or Good Purpose), also known as Bahman

History

 * Kai Bahman, a mythological king of Iran
 * Bahman Jadhuyih, a Sasanian Persian general of the 7th century

Places

 * Bahman District, a district in Yazd province, Iran
 * Bahman, Fars, a city in Abadeh County, Fars province, Iran
 * Bahman and Soghad District, an administrative division of Abadeh County, Fars province, Iran
 * Bahman Rural District, an administrative division of Abadeh County, Fars province, Iran
 * Bahman, Iran, a village in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran
 * Bahman, Yemen, a village in west-central Yemen
 * Bahman, Zanjan, a village in Zanjan province, Iran

Sports

 * Bahman F.C., a now-defunct football club of Tehran, Iran

title: Bahman (disambiguation)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Bobblewik

Allegations: This user is systematically destroying all references to "Great Britain". In some cases he is correct to make the change but in others he is not but has not been listening to the requests of various users to be more careful in his approach to this excercise. It is true that the use of "Great Britain" is technically incorrect for the current state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is wholly correct when refering to the Kingdom of Great Britain (1707-1801) and the geographical entity that is the island of Great Britain. However the use of "Great Britain" has for many years been a convenient synonym for the UK as is evidenced by the Great Britain Olympic team and other institutions which use Great Britain in their name rather than UK. Bobblewik has been correcting links and references to GB to UK. In many cases this is pure pedantry and is akin to someone chaging references to "American ..." to "United States ...", but has now moved on to systematically changing references to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1922) to point to the UK article. I feel his next move will be to "correct" references to the Kingdom of Great Britain. A move too far. Mintguy (T) 01:00, 31 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Discussion regarding Bobblewik's latest changes of [United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland] to [United Kingdom] are at User talk:Jiang. --Jiang 04:55, 31 Jul 2004 (UTC)

This user has also been upsetting other users by insisting on replacing hectares with km2 and cc with cm3. Mintguy (T) 10:11, 31 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Note: cm3 is the correct nomenclature. (see Cubic centimetre) -- Chris 73 | Talk 07:32, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Not with reference to motorcycles etc.. Mintguy (T)
 * I just noticed that he changed an unlinked instance of corn to maize in an article about Kentucky. I have also had to revert some of his changes to Great Britain's where he directed the term in pre-1800s articles to the United Kingdom but that was months ago. Rmhermen 17:14, Aug 10, 2004 (UTC)


text: User talk:128.8.222.46

title: User talk:128.8.222.46


text:
Nick Scotti

Domenico Nicola Aniello Scotti is an American actor, model and singer.

Scotti left high school to travel the world for a career in modeling, moving to Japan at age 17 and France at age 19. In the process, he became a popular male model. He appeared on the cover of Newsweek in June 1996 with a heading that read, "Biology of Beauty".

His self-titled debut album, released in 1993 on Reprise Records, contains two songs that reached the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart. The first, "Wake Up Everybody", was a cover version of a hit song by Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes from 1976. It reached No. 9 on the Club Play chart in May of that year and remained on the chart for eleven weeks. The follow-up single, "Get Over", was written by Madonna and Stephen Bray and produced by Madonna and Shep Pettibone. "Get Over" peaked at No. 33 on the Club Play chart.

From 1996 through 1999, Scotti had a contract role on the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless, where he portrayed an auto mechanic named Tony Viscardi. In 1997, he starred in the independent film Kiss Me, Guido, which was directed by Tony Vitale. For his role in that film, he received a Leonardo da Vinci Award from the Beaux Arts Society, Inc. in the category of Actor, Debut Performance (Film) in 1997. Other film credits include Bullet (1996) and Detroit Rock City (1999). Scotti appeared in episodes of the television programs Sex and The City and Tracey Takes On.... In 2004, he hosted a cooking, fashion, and lifestyle show on the Style Network titled New York Nick.

Actor

 * 2006: The Last Request - Tom
 * 2005: Perception - Jason
 * 2002: Sex and the City (TV series) - Joe, Worldwide Express Guy – Cover Girl
 * 1999: Detroit Rock City - Kenny
 * 1996: The Young and the Restless (TV series) Tony Viscardi (1996–1999)
 * 1998: Tracey Takes On... (TV series) - Johnno – Smoking (1998)
 * 1997: Kiss Me, Guido - Frankie
 * 1996: Bullet - Young Boy No. 2 – Philly

Music

 * 1993: Nick Scotti (album)

title: Nick Scotti


text:
Palm Valley

Palm Valley may mean:

 * Palm Valley, Florida, United States
 * Palm Valley, Cameron County, Texas, United States
 * Palm Valley, Williamson County, Texas United States
 * Palm Valley (Northern Territory), Australia
 * Palm Valley, Baja California, Mexico
 * Palm Valley, Hyderabad, India

title: Palm Valley


text:
Pitkern

Pitkern, also known as Pitcairn-Norfolk or Pitcairnese, is a language spoken on Pitcairn and Norfolk islands. It is a mixture of English and Tahitian, and has been given many classifications by scholars, including cant, patois, and Atlantic creole. Although spoken on Pacific Ocean islands, it has been described as an Atlantic or semi-Atlantic creole due to the lack of connections with other English-based creoles of the Pacific. There are fewer than 50 speakers on Pitcairn Island, a number which has been steadily decreasing since 1971.

History
Following the Mutiny on the Bounty on 28 April 1789, the British mutineers stopped at Tahiti and took 18 Polynesians, mostly women, to remote Pitcairn Island and settled there. A pidgin was formed based on English and Tahitian so that the English mutineers could communicate with the Tahitian women they brought to the previously uninhabited Pitcairn Island. The Pitkern language was influenced by the diverse English dialects and accents of the crew. Geographically, the mutineers were drawn from as far as the West Indies, with one mutineer being described as speaking a forerunner of a Caribbean patois. One was a Scot from the Isle of Lewis. At least one, the leader Fletcher Christian, was a well-educated man, which at the time made a major difference in speech. Both Geordie and West Country dialects have obvious links to some Pitkern phrases and words, such as whettles, meaning food, from victuals.

The first children born on Pitcairn Island mainly spoke a mixture of non-standard varieties of English and the contact language. In the 1830s, Pitkern's local prestige increased, and the language started to be used in church and school. In 1856, 194 residents of Pitcairn Island moved to Norfolk Island, where many residents continued to use Pitkern in their households.

After 1914, the Australian government tried to end the use of Pitkern/Norf'k by restricting its use in public spaces.

Relationship to Norf'k
Norf'k is descended predominantly from Pitkern. When the residents of Pitcairn Island moved to Norfolk Island, they brought the language with them. The language developed and changed over time. The relative ease of travel from English-speaking countries such as Australia, New Zealand or Papua New Guinea to Norfolk Island, particularly when compared with that of travel to the Pitcairn Islands, has meant that Norf'k has been exposed to much greater contact with English relative to Pitkern. The difficulties in accessing the Pitcairn population have meant that a serious comparison of the two languages for mutual intelligibility has proven difficult.

The exact relationship between these two languages is a point of contention for scholars. Some believe that the difference between Pitkern and Norf'k is negligible, while others believe that Standard English is more present in Norf'k than it is in Pitkern.

Common phrases
Pronouns included aklen, commonly spelled uklun 'we/us' (or just 'us', with wi for 'we');, hami 'you and I' / 'you and us', and yoli 'you (plural)'.

Note: Pitkern spelling is not standardised.

Excerpts from a transcription of Pitkern
The sentences below are excerpted from a longer dialogue held in 1951 between a teenage speaker of Pitkern and A.W. Moverley, a foreigner who worked as a schoolteacher on Pitcairn during the mid-20th century. The dialogue was recorded by Moverley and later transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet by A.C. Gimson, with translations to English provided by Moverley.

Poetry in Pitkern
Some poetry exists in Pitkern. The poems of Meralda Warren are of particular note.

title: Pitkern


text:
User:Mpt/Modern case

Welcome, WordPress people!

title: User:Mpt/Modern case


text:
Esfand

Esfand is the twelfth and final month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Esfand has twenty-nine days normally, and thirty during leap years. It begins in February and ends in March of the Gregorian calendar. The Afghan Persian name is Hūt; in Pashto it is Kab.

Esfand is the third and last month of the winter season (Zemestan), and is followed by Farvardin.

Events

 * 28 - 1292 - The first Stanley Cup Finals in hockey history concludes with the victory of the Toronto Hockey Club, champion team of the National Hockey Association (NHA) against the Victoria Aristocrats, champions of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA).
 * 26 - 1316 - Anschluss of Austria into Germany
 * 13 - 1328 - The 1951 Asian Games Opening Ceremony is held in New Delhi, India, the first in Asian Games history.
 * 3 - 1366 - Askeran riots in the USSR - beginning of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
 * 29 - 1373 - Tokyo subway sarin attack
 * 12 - 1384 - 2006 World Baseball Classic, the first edition of modern international baseball tournament, opens
 * 20 - 1389 - Japanese earthquake - Fukushima disaster
 * 5 - 1400 - 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine begins

Observances

 * 5 Esfand: Sepandārmazgān
 * 5-6 Esfand: Defender of the Fatherland Day and National Day of Brunei
 * 6-7 Esfand: Independence Day (Estonia)
 * 12-13 Esfand: Liberation Day (Bulgaria)
 * 15 Esfand: Arbor Day in Iran This date, which typically starts on March 5, starts Natural Recyclable Resources Week, ending on March 12.
 * 17-18 Esfand: International Women's Day
 * 26-27 Esfand: St. Patrick's Day
 * 28-29 Esfand: Saint Joseph's Day
 * Last Tuesday of Esfand: Chaharshanbe Suri

Movable observances and festivals

 * Lantern Festival: Held 15 days following the Chinese New Year, date falls on first or second week of this month
 * Frawardigan: Held 19-29 Esfand in normal years, and 20-30 Esfand in leap years, Zoroastrian period of remembrance of the dead

Births
24 Esfand is the Reza shah birthday.
 * 26 - 1323 - Homeyra

Deaths

 * 16 - 1391 - Hugo Chávez, was the President of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013
 * 17 - 1308 - William Howard Taft, Chief Justice and 27th President of the United States
 * 18 - 1390 - Simin Daneshvar, Academic, novelist, fiction writer and translator.

title: Esfand


text:
Talk:Ninjatō

This Page is Inaccurate.
The Ninja-to or Shinobigatana was not straight. This image of the straight ninja sword is a recent pop-culture image that started in the 20th century. There are no historical records to indicate the ninja used such swords. Ninja-to were swords that were curved but slightly shorter than a standard katana length but longer than a wakazashi. These katana are called ko-katana. Almost every sword in Japan was curved and a ninja would not have carried anything that would identify himself as such. Ninja would more often appear as samurai or yamabushi in order to blend in (rarely using the now cliched ninja costume unless disguise was not an option) and therefore would have carried whatever equipment that the disguise called for. Both Hayes and Hatsumi have discussed this in various books and articles. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.184.219.104 (talk) 20:57, 4 October 2012 (UTC)

Its perhaps worth noting that 'ninja-to' and 'shinobigatana' essentially just translate to "ninja sword." Also, the use of a 'reverse grip' with a sword is quite unrealistic. It positions the blade away from the opponent, making virtually every possible strike or counter require greater muscular effort and motion to execute, while placing greater strain on the side of the handle gripped with the little-finger than the side gripped far more securely with thumb-and-index. 142.59.29.202 (talk) 00:54, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

CONCURRENCE FOR THIS COMMENT
This comment is very spot on. ('To' is the English translation of sword, hence, Ninja-to means any sword a ninja uses). The article references the Hatsumi Book, History and Tradition, which was translated and ghostwritten by Stephen K Hayes in the early days of English books on the subject. Hayes has maintained that the ninja-to were both straight or curved across various publications. But in all other later books on the sword, and using multiple translators, Hatsumi says curved. Likewise, you'll have difficulty ever finding a photo of Hatsumi with a straight blade or other Ninja lineage holders (e.g. Fujita Seiko - head of Koga Ninjutsu) using a straight blade (outside of possible kabuki/theatre productions). Were I to cite these notes, I would update the actual page. Instead, I'm adding this in talk to reinforce the argument, that the straight blade sword of the ninja is a recent invention (likely stemming from theatre and the popular movie series Shinobi-No-Mono). The closest argument for straight comes from Antony Cummins, who asserts ninja grabbed broken blades from battlefields and used whatever they could find as swords. While this is a reasonable conclusion (metal was valuable and rare on the island nation), it does not support or document widespread or codified use of the straight blade. Nor has Mr. Cummins provided suitable documentation to support his theories. Of course, should any of this change, Wikipedia welcomes updates per the documentation standards.-- Greenshinobi (talk) 17:27, 24 November 2020 (UTC)

Shinobigatana
(Owner of one good is now exponat in Special Anti Terrorist Unit Serbia)who was autor is not more important but all of us is happy Legija Stranaca 1831 (talk) 01:06, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ninjatō


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Deep

Deep or The Deep may refer to:

United States

 * Deep Creek (Appomattox River tributary), Virginia
 * Deep Creek (Great Salt Lake), Idaho and Utah
 * Deep Creek (Mahantango Creek tributary), Pennsylvania
 * Deep Creek (Mojave River tributary), California
 * Deep Creek (Pine Creek tributary), Pennsylvania
 * Deep Creek (Soque River tributary), Georgia
 * Deep Creek (Texas), a tributary of the Colorado River
 * Deep Creek (Washington), a tributary of the Spokane River
 * Deep River (Indiana), a tributary of the Little Calumet River
 * Deep River (Iowa), a minor tributary of the English River
 * Deep River (North Carolina)
 * Deep River (Washington), a minor tributary of the Columbia River
 * Deep Voll Brook, New Jersey, also known as Deep Brook

Elsewhere

 * Deep Creek (Bahamas)
 * Deep Creek (Melbourne, Victoria), Australia, a tributary of the Maribyrnong River
 * Deep River (Western Australia)

People

 * Deep (given name)
 * Deep (rapper), Punjabi rapper from Houston, Texas
 * Ravi Deep (born 1954), Indian theatre and television director, writer and actor

Films

 * The Deep (unfinished film), a 1970 unfinished film directed by Orson Welles
 * The Deep (1977 film), based on the novel by Peter Benchley, starring Robert Shaw, Jacqueline Bisset and Nick Nolte
 * The Deep (2012 film), an Icelandic film
 * The Deep (2015 TV series)
 * Deep (2005 film)
 * Deep (2014 film)
 * Deep (2017 film)
 * Deep (2021 film), a Thai mystery film

Literature

 * The Deep (Crowley novel), a 1975 short novel by John Crowley
 * The Deep (Dunmore novel), a 2007 children's novel by Helen Dunmore
 * "The Deep" (short story), a 1952 science fiction story by Isaac Asimov
 * The Deep (novella), a 2019 fantasy story by Rivers Solomon with 3 others
 * The Deep, a 1976 novel by Peter Benchley
 * The Deep, a 2015 horror novel by Craig Davidson writing as Nick Cutter
 * The Deep, a 1961 detective novel by Mickey Spillane
 * The Deep: Here Be Dragons, graphic novels which spawned an animated series
 * The Deep (Katsu novel), a 2020 horror novel by Alma Katsu

Groups

 * The Deep (band), a short-lived band formed during the mid-1960s

Albums

 * Deep (Junior Mance album), 1980
 * Deep (Peter Murphy album), 1989
 * Deep (Silent Running album), 1989
 * Deep (Niacin album), 2000
 * Deep – Teenagers from Outer Space, a 1997 album by Balzac (band)

Songs

 * "Deep" (East 17 song), 1993
 * "Deep" (Pearl Jam song), 1991
 * "Deep" (Collide song), 1997
 * "Deep" (Nine Inch Nails song), 2001
 * "Deep", a song by Blackstreet on Level II (Blackstreet album)
 * "Deep", a song by Nickelback on The State
 * "Deep", a song by The Spooky Men's Chorale, 2009
 * "Deep", a song by Hyo from the EP of the same name, 2022
 * "The Deep", a song by Red Fang on Only Ghosts

Television

 * The Deep (TV serial), a 2010 British television drama serial broadcast on BBC One
 * The Deep (TV series), a 2015 animated series from Australia and Canada, based on the graphic novels of Tom Taylor and James Brouwer
 * Siren (TV series), a 2018–2020 American TV series, titled The Deep as a TV pilot, that aired on Freeform
 * "The Deep" (CSI: NY episode), a 2007 episode of the television series CSI: NY

Other uses in arts and entertainment

 * The Deep (painting), a 1953 work by Jackson Pollock
 * The Deep, an imaginary virtual reality universe in Sergei Lukyanenko's science fiction novels
 * The Deep, a character in The Boys media
 * Doctor Deep, the adult version of Doctor Eggman, from New Yoke City, in Sonic Prime

Other uses

 * Deep (mixed martial arts), a Japanese mixed martial arts promotion and sanctioning organisation
 * Deep Foods, an American family-owned and operated manufacturer of Indian foods
 * Department of Econometrics and Political Economy (Département d'économétrie et d'économie politique, DEEP), of HEC Lausanne in Switzerland
 * The Deep (aquarium), a large underwater aquarium in Hull, England
 * Tehom, a Biblical term translated as "deep" in Genesis 1:2
 * Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

title: Deep


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User:Bdk

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title: User:Bdk


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Maschalismos

Maschalismos (μασχαλισμός) is the practice of physically rendering the dead incapable of rising or haunting the living in undead form. It comes from the Ancient Greek word and was also the term for procedural rules on such matters in later Greek customary law.

Such acts considered maschalismos were not limited to folkloric physical risings but also meant to escape the ill will of those wrongfully slain by a murderer after death. Sophocles expresses that such treatment is saved for one's 'enemies' due to the act being a way to elicit indignation as well as dishonor the dead.

In Aeschylus' tragedy Choephori and Sophocles' tragedy Electra, Clytemnestra performs maschalismos on the body of Agamemnon after his murder, to prevent him from taking vengeance on her. In the Argonautica of Apollonius of Rhodes, Jason performs maschalismos on the body of Medea's brother Apsyrtus after treacherously murdering him; in addition to cutting off the extremities, Jason licks the dead man's blood three times and spits it out three times. "The scholiast says that the blood was spat into the mouth of the deceased", according to a footnote in the Loeb edition.

title: Maschalismos


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The Stingray Shuffle

The Stingray Shuffle is Tim Dorsey's fifth novel, published in 2003. It is the fifth novel to feature criminal Serge A. Storms, and also concludes the story arc, begun in the first novel, Florida Roadkill, about Serge's pursuit of a briefcase containing $5 million.

Plot summary
Novelist Ralph Krunkleton has never been more than marginally successful, but his publishers are surprised to see sales of his novel The Stingray Shuffle soaring in a small bookstore in Tampa, Florida. The book's publishers mount a publicity blitz culminating in a train journey with the author from New York to Miami. What they do not realize is that no one is reading the book; the owners of the bookstore are selling packets of cocaine in hollowed-out paperback copies of Shuffle, trusting that no legitimate customer will ask for such an obscure title. Unfortunately, the publicity campaign sparks a reading at the store with Krunkleton as the guest speaker, where the cocaine in the books is discovered and the owners are forced to close and flee the county.

The owners - five former KGB agents dismissed from intelligence work for gross stupidity - are then recruited by "Mr. Grande", the head of the Mierda Cartel (the smallest in the world) to track down a briefcase containing $5 million in cash that was accidentally paid out by the insurance company that was laundering the Cartel's earnings. The briefcase was last seen at the conclusion of Hammerhead Ranch Motel, in the possession of private investigator Paul and Ernest Hemingway-impersonator Jethro Maddox. Also on the trail of the briefcase are Serge and his traveling companion, Don Johnson-impersonator Lenny Lipowicz.

The briefcase changes hands several times, and Paul, Jethro, and several of the Russians are killed, before their leader, Ivan, finally gets the briefcase from Serge (who was hoping to use the money to buy a trip into space and a monogrammed spacesuit from the Russians) and takes it to New York planning to buy a former Soviet submarine that Mr. Grande has promised to a larger, Colombian cartel for drug trafficking. Serge leaves Lenny at his mother's home and follows Ivan's trail to New York.

While searching for the briefcase, Serge encounters five single mothers from Miami, who have been best friends since college and now formed a book club. They have traveled to Manhattan to attend the New Year's Eve celebration in Times Square and then join the Krunkleton book tour on its way back to Florida. The women are instantly taken with Serge, and he seduces one of them, Samantha, who invites him to join them aboard the Silver Stingray.

Ivan inadvertently switches the briefcase with an identical one carried by a bathroom attendant; when the attendant peeks inside and sees the money, he flees New York on the first available train, the Silver Stingray. Searching the attendant's apartment, Ivan and a Jamaican gang leader, "Zig-Zag", hear a message on his answering machine confirming the train booking.

Hijinks ensue aboard the train, which has been set up as a mystery tour loosely based on one of Krunkelton's books. These include Ivan and Zigzag jumping their car onto the roof of the train from an overhanging bridge, and Serge feverishly searching the train's staterooms for the briefcase. In the finale, the train derails, and Serge, "in character" as the mystery tour's detective, dramatically announces that one of the other actors, a washed-up hypnotist named Preston, was actually murdered rather than killed in the crash. Serge then deduces that Preston was the man who impregnated each member of the book club in college years ago, and they signed up for the tour not just to meet Krunkelton, but to confront Preston. At first, they believe he is accusing one of them of the murder, but he confesses that he killed Preston himself, as just punishment for his treatment of them. Then the unstable train lurches again, and Serge hits his head, becoming amnesiac. He wanders off the train in a daze, and Samantha discovers the briefcase hidden with her luggage.

A few months later, the five women are living large, having shared the $5 million between themselves. When they meet again to discuss Ralph Krunkelton's latest novel (a lurid potboiler inspired by his sudden notoriety after the train crash), they raise a toast to Serge, wherever he may be.

In fact, Serge is camping on an off-limits island off the Florida coast, giving history lessons to its population of test monkeys.

Johnny Vegas
Several of Dorsey's novels features one or more failed attempts by his recurring character, Johnny Vegas, to finally lose his virginity. In this novel:
 * Johnny takes a girl to a mini-golf course, pretending to be a golf pro; they try to have sex in the range cart, but as it makes its way onto the course, it becomes a target for the other golfers, causing the woman to jump out in fear before getting hit on the head with a ball;
 * Johnny tries to have sex with a female book reviewer aboard the Silver Stingray, but when the train derails, both Johnny and the woman are unharmed, but the woman is too shaken to continue.
 * On a speed boat, Vegas takes a woman to the small island. High on cocaine, the woman takes off her clothes and runs onto the island. Just as Johnny follows, the pair are attacked by the test monkeys.
 * Johnny also recalls two failures from his past:
 * Trying to have sex with a Cuban girl in Little Havana, before being interrupted by the FBI's removal of Elián González from his relatives' home nearby.
 * Trying to have sex with a female attorney, who becomes irretrievably distracted by the news of the Supreme Court's ruling against Al Gore in the 2000 presidential election.

title: The Stingray Shuffle


text:
Campaigns of 1795 in the French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1794 between Revolutionary France and the First coalition.

The year opened with French forces in the process of attacking the Dutch Republic in the middle of winter. The Dutch people rallied to the French call and started the Batavian Revolution. City after city was occupied by the French. The Dutch fleet was captured, and the stadtholder William V fled to be replaced by a popular Batavian Republic, which supported the revolutionary cause and signed the Treaty of The Hague on 16 May 1795, ceding the territories of North Brabant and Maastricht to France.

With the Netherlands falling, Prussia also decided to leave the coalition, signing the Peace of Basel on 6 April, ceding the west bank of the Rhine to France. This freed Prussia to finish the occupation of Poland.

The French army in Spain advanced, advancing in Catalonia while taking Bilbao and Vitoria and marching toward Castile. By 10 July, Spain also decided to make peace, recognizing the revolutionary government and ceding the territory of Santo Domingo, but returning to the pre-war borders in Europe. This left the armies on the Pyrenees free to march east and reinforce the armies on the Alps, and the combined army overran Piedmont.

Meanwhile, Britain's attempt to reinforce the rebels in the Vendée by landing troops at Quiberon failed, and a conspiracy to overthrow the republican government from within ended when Napoleon Bonaparte's garrison used cannon to fire grapeshot into the attacking mob (which led to the establishment of the Directory).

On the Rhine frontier, General Pichegru, negotiating with the exiled Royalists, betrayed his army and forced the evacuation of Mannheim and the failure of the siege of Mainz by Jourdan. This was a moderate setback to the position of the French.

In northern Italy victory at the Battle of Loano in November gave France access to the Italian peninsula.


text:
Talk:New Rome, Ohio

Persons of Interest
Why is there no mention regarding people of interest who were behind the speed traps and shady politics plaguing New Rome 'til it was discorporated? I'm not suggesting they require a Wikipedia entry of their own, and may they be forgotten in time, but having names rather than an ambiguous, amorphous "town council" would lend weight to this entry. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:84:302:F2F0:3123:A108:B8A0:C10B (talk) 17:52, 23 December 2023 (UTC)

Untitled
Though New Rome was just dissolved as a municipality by a court order, I'm going to wait a little while before I delist it in Category:Villages in Ohio and move it into Category:Ohio history, to wait for the body to grow cold. Appeals can take years, though in this case there aren't any plausible grounds.

There's also an interesting question that I don't know has been dealt with on wikipedia yet—what do you do with the demographic information on an article about a municipality once it ceases to exist? It's unlikely that its paltry 70 people would be later treated as a census-designated place, but who knows. I s'pose at the very least the information could be kept as the last recorded data ("former demographics," "former geography"?) of the now non-existant municipality. Postdlf 01:30, 31 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Interesting case. If you look at old census data, you'll see it is littered with no longer existent municipalities. It is something of a cottage industry among geneologists tracing out where such extinct municipalities where located. older ≠ wiser 13:50, 30 Aug 2004 (UTC)

pov
Does this article need an edit for pov? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Haakonsson (talk • contribs)

 * Don't assume POV just because an article has nothing nice to say about the subject matter. There simply isn't anything nice to say about the subject matter—a municipality that never provided any services to its few residents, was arbitrarily and illegally oppressive to those passing through, and was finally legally extinguished by the state (under a law passed just to get rid of New Rome) because of the village government's incompetence and corruption.
 * An article is POV if it misrepresents or omits facts or focuses on a single perspective to the exlusion of other meritorious positions. Here, however, the article's statements are all true, no part of the story has been left out, and there simply isn't a legitimate way to account for the village's misconduct—there is no honest counter-argument here (nor were even dishonest ones ever documented). Everything was well documented in the media (see the external links at the bottom) and in government documents and court filings. The interpretation of the facts that the article presents is the same assumed by every newspaper that ever wrote about the town, local and even national television news, the state government that passed a law just to get rid of it, and the judge who dissolved it. Its last legitimate mayor ran for office on an official platform of abolishing it. If you can show me a source that presents contrary facts or a different viewpoint, we'll discuss it. Postdlf 01:18, 6 December 2005 (UTC)
 * An article is POV if it provides 1 point of view, whether or not it "misrepresents or omits facts"; this article blatantly "focuses on a single perspective". I'm tagging it. --Qu e ntin Smith 20:45, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * ...and that other point of view would be what? Where have you found another perspective documented? Please substantively respond to my 12-06-05 comments above. Postdlf 21:56, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * I am removing the POV tag since the user who added it has failed to provide any specific examples as to how this article is POV. We need to know what needs to be fixed, not just that one reader happens to have an issue with it. --CrypticBacon 05:03, 30 May 2006 (UTC)

I do remember a village clerk, maybe the one who embezzled the money, claiming that "we just enforce the laws", and all complainers were just sore about being caught. New Rome should be a textbook case of how government, even in the USA, can turn totally corrupt and take decades to get rid of Radio Sharon 13:24, 24 May 2014 (UTC)

A need for added research and update to the article?
I recall reading that New Rome actually lowered the speed limit on US 40 in violation of state law. Because US 40 is a state owned road, the state (through ODOT) is the only governmental entity empowered to post and change speed limits. A municipality can request that the speed limits be changed. As I understand things, New Rome failed to do this. They posted the lower speed limits on their own. -- WildcatRay
 * It's not quite that simple. It may be a state road, but it's in a municipality. Cities of at least 10,000 population are responsible for maintenence of all non-Interstate state roads within their borders. Apparently, smaller municipalities (such as New Rome) are capable of assuming operation responsibility of state roads, including speed limits, and there are state guidelines for these. Vid the Kid - Does this font make me look fat? 10:08, 31 August 2006 (UTC)

POV (Again)
Both of these are blatant POV without descent citations and even then need rewrites. I'm not saying you're wrong; simply you need to write with multiple points of view. I'm tagging for POV and needed citations.

 * 1) The controversy soon broadened into a question of who was even legally on the Council, as none of the councilmember appointments had been registered with the state as required by law.
 * 2) Nearly all of this money was funneled back into the police force, which almost exclusively dealt with traffic violations and so essentially existed to fund itself. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Quentin Smith (talk • contribs).
 * So if I get this straight, you actually have no familiarity with the topic, you're just assuming that there is another unexpressed point of view, correct? http://www.newromesucks.com/newslinks.html has links to a few years worth of local media stories that I believe will document everything (hopefully there are enough links that are still good). When I have time, I will go through and add individual citations, but in the meantime, please read through the stories and acquaint yourself with the subject matter. Postdlf 21:51, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

In support of statement #1 quoted above: "All council members were appointed to office by other council members. None of the appointments were registered with the Franklin County Board of Elections, as required by state law." New Mayor Walks Out of Meeting Amid Chaos, Columbus Dispatch, January 27, 2002. Also, "[The defendants] have agreed that they cannot challenge the attorney general's allegations that the village has failed to properly follow applicable election laws for at least two consecutive cycles for (at least) one elected office in the village..." June 30, 2004 Order dissolving New Rome, Judge David Cain, Franklin County Court of Common Pleas.

In support of statement #2 above: "[New Rome] takes in more than $300,000 in traffic fines annually from tickets written on a 1,000-foot strip of West Broad Street. Almost all the money is spent on the police."''[http://www.nbc4i.com/news/1879009/detail.html Intimidation? New Rome Police Visit School Of Councilman's Grandchildren]'', NBC4 (Columbus, OH affiliate) website. "‘The village expended $309,385, or 82 percent of its general-fund budget, to support a police force whose primary purpose appears to be writing traffic tickets,’ the audit [conducted by the State of Ohio] found...‘[T]he fact remains that the New Rome government doesn't serve an important purpose.’" Erase New Rome, Petro says, Columbus Dispatch, May 9, 2002.

These news links were provided in the article's first external link, under the description "Includes stories of dealings with New Rome police, as well as many news links documenting New Rome's decline." Did you think this was all made up? You obviously didn't bother to read any of the news before making your assumptions. Postdlf 23:36, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:New Rome, Ohio