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Simmental cattle

The Simmental or Swiss Fleckvieh is a Swiss breed of dual-purpose cattle. It is named after the Simmental – the valley of the Simme river – in the Bernese Oberland, in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. The breed is typically reddish in colour with white markings, and is raised for both milk and meat.

European origin
Among the older and most widely distributed of all breeds of cattle in the world, and recorded since the Middle Ages, the Simmental breed has contributed to the creation of several other famous European breeds, including the Montbéliarde (France), the Pezzata Rossa d'Oropa (Italy), and the Fleckvieh (Germany and Austria).

Africa
Namibia (1893) and South Africa (1905) were the first countries outside Europe where the breed was successfully established. Here the breed is known as Simmentaler and is mainly used for beef cattle production under suckler cow systems. The Simmentaler breeders' society is, as far as registered animals are concerned, by far the largest of the 17 European and British breeds. The main reasons for its popularity are (i) it can be used with great success in crossbreeding for breeding of both cows with much milk and heavy weaners/oxen, (ii) its superb weight growth rate in feedlots - pure or crossed, and (iii) a strict visual inspection is compulsory for registration in the Herdbook.

Soviet Union
In the former Soviet Union, the Simmental was the most important cattle breed. Russian Simmental (Симментальская корова) accounted for one-quarter of all cattle in the USSR. Through extensive crossbreeding, six strains were developed: In 1990, there were 12,849,800 Simmental in the USSR. In 2003, the Simmental count in Russia stood at 2,970,400.
 * Steppe Simmental (Russian cattle × Simmental bulls)
 * Ukrainian Simmental (Grey steppe cattle × Simmental bulls)
 * Volga Simmental (Central Russian Kalmyk and Kazakh cattle × Simmental bulls)
 * Ural Simmental (Siberian and Kazakh cattle × Simmental)
 * Siberian Simmental (Siberian and Buryat cattle × Simmental)
 * Far Eastern Simmental (Transbaikal and Yakutian cattle × Simmental)

Different names
The breed is known under the following names Pezzata Rossa: Italy. Montbéliarde: A French dairy breed. Member of European Simmental Federation but not of the World Simmental-Fleckvieh Federation.
 * Fleckvieh Simmental: Argentina
 * Simmental: Australia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, France (early 1990s name change from Pie Rouge), Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland (SI-division), United Kingdom, USA, Zambia and Zimbabwe
 * Fleckvieh: Austria, Germany, Netherland, Spain, Switzerland (SF-division) and Uruguay
 * Simmentaler: South Africa and Namibia
 * Local names based on the breed-name used in the official breed association names which boil down to "spotted cattle": Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia. Most of these countries use Simmental as a translation of their local name.

Traditional
The Simmental has historically been used for dairy and beef, and as draught animals. They are particularly renowned for the rapid growth of their young, if given sufficient feed. Simmentals provide more combined weaning gain (growth) and milk yield than any other breed. They also have lower frequency of dental lesions compared to other breeds.

Africa
In contrast to countries which allow black and solid brown coloured Simmental in the herdbook, Namibia and South Africa only register Simmentaler with the typical colour i.e. from dark red or brown to yellow spread over the body in any pattern with at least some white on the forehead and the lower-leg area, solid black or solid red animals are non-existent because they are not registered.

Types
No other breed in the world has such a large within-breed-type variation as Simmental-Fleckvieh which is classifiable in the following types:
 * Dairy type like specialised dairy breeds (referring to Swiss Fleckvieh (code SF) with over 55% Red Holstein blood and the French Montebeliard breed);
 * Dual purpose but major emphasis on milk;
 * Truly dual-purpose (all cows are milked and bulls excel in weight gain);
 * Moderate beef type (suckler, extensive ranching with moderate to small frame size);
 * Extreme beef type (suckler, comparable to specialised beef breeds like for example Charolais, large frame size).

The traditional colouration of the Simmental has been described variously as "red and white spotted" or "gold and white", although there is no specific standard colouration, and the dominant shade varies from a pale yellow-gold all the way to very dark red (the latter being particularly popular in the United States). The face is normally white, and this characteristic is usually passed to crossbred calves. The white face is genetically distinct from the white head of the Hereford.

title: Simmental cattle


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Cyclecar

A cyclecar was a type of small, lightweight and inexpensive motorized car manufactured in Europe and the United States between 1910 and the early 1920s. The purpose of cyclecars was to fill a gap in the market between the motorcycle and the car. A key characteristic was that it could accommodate only two passengers sitting in tandem.

The demise of cyclecars was due to larger cars – such as the Citroën Type C, Austin 7 and Morris Cowley – becoming more affordable. Small, inexpensive vehicles reappeared after World War II, and were known as microcars.

Characteristics

Cyclecars were propelled by engines with a single cylinder or V-twin configuration (or occasionally a four cylinder engine), which were often air-cooled. Sometimes motorcycle engines were used, in which case the motorcycle gearbox was also used.

All cyclecars were required to have clutches and variable gears. This requirement could be fulfilled by even the simplest devices such as provision for slipping the belt on the pulley to act as a clutch, and varying of the pulley diameter to change the gear ratio. Methods such as belt drive or chain drive were used to transmit power to the drive wheel(s), often to one wheel only, so that no differential was required.

The bodies were lightweight and sometimes offered minimal weather protection or comfort features.

The rise of cyclecars was a direct result of reduced taxation both for registration and annual licences of lightweight small-engined cars. On 14 December 1912, at a meeting of the Federation Internationale des Clubs Moto Cycliste, it was formally decided that there should be an international classification of cyclecars to be accepted by the United Kingdom, Canada, United States, France, The Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Austria and Germany. As a result of this meeting, the following classes of cyclecars were defined:

Origins
From 1898 to 1910, automobile production quickly expanded. Light cars of that era were commonly known as voiturettes. The smaller cyclecars appeared around 1910 with a sales boom shortly before the outbreak of the First World War, with Temple Press launching The Cyclecar magazine on 27 November 1912 (later renamed The Light Car and Cyclecar), and the formation of the Cyclecar Club (which later evolved into British Automobile Racing Club). From 1912, the Motor Cycle show at Olympia became the Motor Cycle and Cycle Car Show.

The number of cyclecar manufacturers was less than a dozen in each of the UK and France in 1911, but by 1914, there were over 100 manufacturers in each country, as well as others in Germany, Austria and other European countries. By 1912, the A.C. Sociable was described as "one of the most popular cycle cars on the road, both for pleasure and for business", though another source states that the "Humberette" was the most popular of cycle cars at that time. Many of the numerous makes were relatively short-lived, but several brands achieved greater longevity, including Bédélia (1910-1925), GN (1910-1923) and Morgan (1910–present).

Demise
By the early 1920s, the days of the cyclecar were numbered. Mass producers, such as Ford, were able to reduce their prices to undercut those of the usually small cyclecar makers. Similar affordable cars were offered in Europe, such as the Citroën 5CV, Austin 7 or Morris Cowley.

The cyclecar boom was over. The majority of cyclecar manufacturers closed down. Some companies such as Chater-Lea survived by returning to the manufacture of motorcycles.

After the Second World War, small, economic cars were again in demand and a new set of manufacturers appeared. The cyclecar name did not reappear however, and the cars were called microcars by enthusiasts and bubble cars by the general population.

Motor racing
Several motor racing events for cyclecars were run between 1913 and 1920. The first race dedicated to cyclecars was organised by the Automobile Club de France in 1913, followed by a Cyclecar GP at Le Mans in 1920. The Auto Cycle Union was to have introduced cycle car racing on the Isle of Man in September 1914, but the race was abandoned due to the onset of the war.

Argentina

 * Viglione

Austria

 * Austro, 1913–14
 * Grofri

Belgium

 * CAP (de:CAP)
 * SCH

Canada

 * Baby Car
 * Campagna T-Rex
 * Dart Cycle Car Co
 * Glen Motor Company
 * Gramm
 * Holden-Morgan
 * Welker-Doerr

Czechoslovakia

 * Aero 500
 * Novo
 * Vaja

Denmark

 * Dana

France
(AN) (de:Allain et Niguet) Lurquin-Coudert
 * Able
 * Ajams
 * Ajax
 * Alcyon
 * Amilcar
 * Allain et Niguet
 * Ardex
 * Arzac
 * Astatic
 * Astra
 * Austral
 * Auto Practique (de:Auto Pratique)
 * Automobillette (de:Automobilette)
 * Autorette (de:Autorette)
 * Bédélia
 * Benjamin (de:Benjamin)
 * Billard (de:Billard)
 * Blériot Aéronautique (de:Blériot Aéronautique)
 * Benova
 * Bollack Netter and Co (B.N.C.)
 * Bucciali (Buc)
 * Causan
 * Coadou et Fleury
 * Contal
 * (Coudert), see
 * Croissant (de:Croissant)
 * De Sanzy
 * D'Yrsan
 * D'Aux (de:D’Aux)
 * De Marçay (de:De Marçay)
 * Derby
 * Deschamp (de:Deschamps et Cie)
 * Désert et de Font-Réault (de:Désert et de Font-Réault)
 * Dorey (de:Dorey)
 * Eclair (de:Eclair)
 * Einaudi (de:Cyclecars Einaudi)
 * Elfe
 * Emeraude (de:Emeraude)
 * G.A.M. (de:G.A.M.)
 * G.A.R. (de:G.A.R.)
 * Gauthier (de:Gauthier et Cie)
 * Griffon (de:Établissements Griffon)
 * Grouesy
 * HP (de:H.P.)
 * Huffit
 * Ipsi
 * Jack Sport
 * Janoir
 * Janémian
 * JG Sport
 * Jouvie
 * Julien (de:Julien)
 * La Confortable
 * La Flèche (de:La Flèche)
 * La Perle (de:La Perle)
 * La Roulette
 * La Violette (de:La Violette)
 * Lacour (de:Lacour et Cie)
 * Laetitia
 * Lafitte
 * L.B. (de:L.B.)
 * Le Cabri
 * Le Favori
 * Le Méhari (de:Le Méhari)
 * Le Roitelet
 * Lurquin-Coudert
 * Major (de:Cyclecars Major)
 * Marguerite Typ A (de:Marguerite Typ A)
 * Marr (de:Max)
 * Max (de:Max)
 * Molla (de:Molla et Cie)
 * Micron (de:Automobiles Micron)
 * Molla (de:Molla et Cie)
 * Monitor
 * Mourre (de:Mourre)
 * Noël (de:Noël)
 * Orial (de:Orial)
 * Patri (de:Patri)
 * Pégase (de:Pégase)
 * Pestourie et Planchon (de:Pestourie et Planchon)
 * Phébus (de:Cyclecars Phébus)
 * Quo Vadis
 * Rally
 * Revol (de:Revol)
 * Roll
 * Salmson
 * Santax
 * Sénéchal
 * SICAM (de:SICAM)
 * SIMA-Violet (de:Sima-Violet)
 * Sphinx (de:Sphinx Automobiles)
 * Spidos (de:Sphinx Automobiles)
 * Super (de:Super)
 * Tholomé (de:Tholomé)
 * Tic-Tac (de:Tic-Tac)
 * Tom Pouce (de:Tom Pouce)
 * Utilis (de:Utilis)
 * Vaillant
 * Villard
 * Violet-Bogey (de:Violet-Bogey)
 * Violette
 * Viratelle (de:Viratelle)
 * Virus
 * Weler (de:Weler)
 * Zénia (de:Zénia)
 * Zévaco (de:Zévaco)

Germany
(B.Z.) (de:Bootswerft Zeppelinhafen)
 * Arimofa
 * Bootswerft Zeppelinhafen
 * Cyklon
 * Dehn (de:Fahrzeug- und Maschinenfabrik K. C. Dehn)
 * Grade
 * Koco
 * Minimus Fahrzeugwerk (de:Minimus Fahrzeugwerk)
 * Pluto
 * Slaby-Beringer (de:Slaby-Beringer)
 * Spinell
 * Staiger
 * Zaschka

Greece

 * Theologou

Italy
(Officine Barosso)(de:Officine Barosso) (Cyclecar Italiana Petromilli)(de:Cyclecar Italiana Petromilli) (Fratelli Della Ferrera)(de:Fratelli Della Ferrera) (Officine Meccanica Giuseppe Meldi)(de:Officine Meccanica Giuseppe Meldi) (S.A. San Giusto)(de:S.A. San Giusto) (Società Italiana Cyclecars) (de:Società Italiana Cyclecars) (Motovetturette Vaghi)(de:Motovetturette Vaghi)
 * Amilcar Italiana
 * Anzani
 * Baroso
 * C.I.P.
 * Della Ferrera
 * Marino
 * Meldi
 * San Giusto
 * SIC
 * Vaghi

Poland

 * Cyklonetka
 * SKAF

Spain

 * Alvarez
 * David
 * Izaro
 * JBR
 * Salvador

Sweden

 * Mascot
 * Self

Switzerland

 * Moser (Fritz Moser, Fabrique d’Automobiles et Motocyclettes) (de:Fritz Moser)
 * Speidel

United Kingdom
(de:Medinger Cars & Engine) (de:Meteorite Cars) (PMC) (de:Premier Motor) (de:Whitgift)
 * AC (Auto Carriers Ltd)
 * Adamson
 * Aerocar
 * Allwyn
 * Alvechurch
 * Amazon
 * Archer
 * Armstrong
 * Athmac
 * Atomette
 * Autotrix
 * AV
 * Baby Blake
 * Baker & Dale
 * Bantam
 * Barnard
 * Baughan
 * Beacon Motors
 * Bell
 * Black Prince
 * Blériot-Whippet
 * Bound
 * Bow-V-Car
 * BPD
 * Bradwell
 * Britannia
 * Broadway
 * Buckingham
 * Cambro
 * Campion
 * Corfield & Hurle (de:C & H)
 * Carden
 * Carlette
 * Carter
 * Castle Three
 * CFB
 * CFL
 * Chater-Lea
 * Chota
 * Coventry Premier
 * Coventry Victor
 * Crescent
 * Cripps
 * Crompton
 * Crouch
 * Cumbria Motors
 * CWS
 * Cyclar
 * Dallison
 * Day-Leeds
 * Dayton
 * Dennis
 * Dewcar
 * Douglas
 * D'Ultra (D-Ultra)
 * Duocar
 * Dursley-Pedersen
 * Economic
 * Edmond
 * Edmund
 * Edwards
 * EYME
 * GB
 * Gerald (de:Gerald Cyclecar)
 * Gibbons
 * Gillyard
 * Glover
 * GN
 * Gnome
 * Gordon (1912-1914)
 * Grahame-White
 * Guildford
 * GWK
 * Hampton
 * HCE
 * Heybourn
 * Hill & Stanier
 * HMC
 * Howard
 * Howett
 * HP
 * Humberette
 * Imperial
 * Invicta
 * Jappic
 * JBS
 * Jewel
 * Jones
 * Kendall
 * LAD
 * La Rapide
 * Lambert
 * LEC
 * Lecoy
 * Lester Solus
 * Lington
 * LM (Little Midland)
 * Matchless
 * Marcus
 * Marlborough (Anglo-French car)
 * Mead & Deakin (Medea)
 * Medinger
 * Menley
 * Meteorite Cars
 * Metro-Tyler (de:Metro-Tyler)
 * Morgan
 * New Hudson
 * Nomad Cars (de:Nomad Cars)
 * Northstar (de:North Star Works)
 * Norma
 * Paragon (de:Paragon)
 * Pickering, Darley & Allday (PDA)
 * Pearson & Cox
 * Perry
 * Premier Motor
 * Princess
 * Projecta (de:Projecta)
 * Pyramid (de:Pyramid)
 * Ranger (de:Ranger Cyclecar)
 * Rex
 * Richardson (1903)
 * Richardson (1919)
 * Robertson
 * Robinson & Price
 * Rollo
 * Royal Ruby
 * Rene Tondeur (RTC) (de:Rene Tondeur)
 * Rudge-Whitworth
 * J. A. Ryley (de:J. A. Ryley)
 * Simplic
 * Skeoch
 * Speedy (de:Speedy)
 * Sterling
 * Stoneleigh
 * Swift
 * Tamplin
 * T.B.
 * Tiny
 * Turner
 * Unique (de:Unique)
 * VAL
 * Vee Gee
 * Victor
 * Wall
 * Warne
 * Warren-Lambert
 * Westall
 * Wherwell
 * Whitgift
 * Wilbrook
 * Willis
 * Winson
 * Wooler
 * Wrigley
 * WSC
 * Winter
 * Woodrow
 * Xtra
 * Zendik

United States
see Smith Flyer Baby Moose (de:Bull Moose-Cutting Automobile Company) (1914 Ripley NY) (Continental Engineering Company) (de:Continental Engineering Company) (de:Continental Engine Manufacturing Company)
 * American
 * Argo
 * Arrow
 * Asheville
 * Beisel
 * Buick prototype built by Walter Lorenzo Marr
 * Briggs & Stratton Flyer
 * Bull Moose-Cutting Automobile Company
 * Burrows
 * Car-Nation
 * Ceco
 * Coey
 * Comet
 * Continental Engine Manufacturing Company
 * Cycle-Car
 * Cyclops (de:Cyclops Cyclecar)
 * Dayton (de:Dayton Cyclecar)
 * De La Vergne
 * Delco
 * De Soto (1914)
 * Dodo
 * Dudly Bug
 * Economy car
 * EIM
 * Engler
 * Falcon
 * Fenton
 * Flagler (de:Flagler Cyclecar)
 * Geneva
 * Greyhound
 * Hall
 * Hanover
 * Hawk
 * Hawkins
 * Hoosier Scout
 * IMP
 * JPL
 * Kearns LuLu
 * Keller (de:Keller Cyclecar)
 * La Vigne
 * Limit
 * Logan
 * Malcolm Jones
 * Merz
 * Michaelson
 * Mecca
 * Mercury
 * Motor Bob
 * O-We-Go
 * Pacific
 * Pioneer
 * Portland
 * Post
 * Prigg
 * Puritan
 * Real
 * Rex
 * Saginaw
 * Scripps-Booth
 * Smith Flyer
 * Strouse, S.R.K.
 * Storms Electric
 * Trumbull
 * Twombly
 * Vixen
 * Winthur
 * Wizzard
 * Woods
 * Xenia
 * Yankee

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cyclecar


text:
Sophie Lee

Sophie Lee (born 7 August 1968) is an Australian film, stage and television actress and author.

Career
Lee worked as a model early in her career, both in Australia and Japan appearing in print and on TV. Her first feature film was Raw Silk in 1988.

She first rose to fame in 1990 for hosting The Bugs Bunny Show on Australian TV. The Nine Network series, which had previously not been hosted, featured Bugs Bunny and other Warner Bros. Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons, plus occasional other material, such as an interview between Sophie and Kylie Minogue. She was cast by executive producer David Lyle out of 150 candidates. In 1991, Lee started playing the ongoing role of Penny Wellings in the drama series The Flying Doctors.

That year Lee also formed a pop group, Freaked Out Flower Children, performing on saxophone and vocals. In December that year the group issued their sole album, Love In, which Australian musicologist, Ian McFarlane, found was "full of syncopated beats and breezy melodies wrapped around tunes". The group's debut single, "Spill the Wine", was a cover version of Eric Burdon and War's 1970 hit. Freaked Out Flower Children's version reached No. 31 on the ARIA Singles Chart but by 1993 the group had disbanded "the concept had run its course ... [as the] retro-cabaret and day-glo focus of the ensemble ... did little to foster a sense of longevity".

In 1992, she also hosted the TV series Sex. Lee built on this in the media, speaking out on feminism, sexism and the need for sex education in the AIDS era.

Lee has acted in a number of iconic films, including the Australian comedies Muriel's Wedding, Bootmen and The Castle as well as cult films such as He Died with a Felafel in His Hand and Titsiana Booberini. She is a patron of "Big Screen" at the National Film and Sound Archive. For her performance in the 1997 film The Castle, Lee was nominated for the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Lee has appeared in a number of stage productions, including Mr Kolpert with the Sydney Theatre Company and the title role in The Virgin Mim. From 2008, she has hosted "Natgeo Presents with Sophie Lee" on the National Geographic channel. She is also a commentator on the series 20 to 1.

In 2007, Lee branched into writing, releasing a book in 2007 titled "Alice in La La Land" through Random House publishing. The book is inspired by her time spent in Hollywood. Also in 2007, she became a columnist for "Sunday Magazine". In 2009 Sophie released her first children's novel titled "Edie Amelia and the Monkey Shoe Mystery", a story for 7+ year-olds, published by Pan Macmillan. The second title in the series is "Edie Amelia and The Runcible River Fever".

Personal life
Born in Newcastle, New South Wales, her family did not have a TV in the house as her father, a philosophy professor at the University of Newcastle, preferred more intellectual pursuits. She attended the local public school in Dudley, Newcastle, and St Mary's Convent school. She completed year 12 at St Francis Xavier's College, Hamilton, in 1986, achieving academic excellence. She appeared in a school production of "Frankenstein", playing Baron Frankenstein. She moved to Sydney at age 18 for her career. When working at GTV-9 in the early 1990s, she lived in St Kilda, Victoria.

For six years up to early 2000, she was the partner of Melbourne comedian Mick Molloy, regularly appearing on his nationally syndicated radio show.

In 2002 she married Anthony Freedman and stated that she would be converting to Judaism. The couple have a daughter, Edie, and two sons, Tom and Jack.

In popular culture

 * Australian band TISM's song "Get Thee to a Nunnery" was specifically about Sophie Lee, mentioning her by name.

title: Sophie Lee


text:
Swami Prabhavananda

Swami Prabhavananda (December 26, 1893 – July 4, 1976) was an Indian philosopher, monk of the Ramakrishna Order, and religious teacher. He moved to America in 1923 to take up the role of assistant minister in the San Francisco Vedanta Society. In 1928 he was the minister of a small group in Portland, OR, but in 1930 he founded the Vedanta Society of Southern California. The Swami spent the rest of his life there, writing and collaborating with some of the most distinguished authors and intellectuals of the time, including Aldous Huxley, Christopher Isherwood, and Gerald Heard.

Biography
Born in India, he joined the Ramakrishna Order after graduating from Calcutta university in 1914. He was initiated by Swami Brahmananda, the spiritual son of Sri Ramakrishna, and the first president of the Ramakrishna Order, headquartered in Belur, West Bengal.

In 1923, he was sent to the United States of America. Initially, he worked as an assistant minister of the Vedanta Society of San Francisco. After two years, he established the Vedanta Society of Portland. In December 1929, he moved to Los Angeles, where he founded the Vedanta Society of Southern California in 1930.

Under his administration, the Vedanta Society of Southern California grew over the years to become the largest Vedanta Society in the West, with monasteries in Hollywood and Trabuco Canyon and convents in Hollywood and Santa Barbara.

Prabhavananda was a scholar who wrote a number of books on Vedanta and Indian religious scriptures and commentary. He was assisted on several of the projects by Christopher Isherwood and Frederick Manchester. His comprehensive knowledge of philosophy and religion attracted such disciples as Aldous Huxley and Gerald Heard.

Prabhavananda died on the bicentennial of America's independence, July 4, 1976, and on the 74th anniversary of the death, or mahasamadhi, of Swami Vivekananda, the founder of the Ramakrishna Order in India and many of the Vedanta centers in America and Europe.

Influence
Prabhavananda's book The Spiritual Heritage of India was reviewed in the academic journal Philosophy. The review stated that "Swami Prabhavananda has written a charming and authoritative book on the spiritual heritage of India, by which he means that heritage in consonance with the Vedic tradition and its culmination in Vedanta" (p. 376). The reviewer stated that "throughout the book breathes an air of relaxed simplicity and conviction.... I was particularly refreshed by the absence of attacks on science, materialism, naturalism, and other such means to spiritual fulfilment" (pp. 376–377).

Prabhavananda and Isherwood's translation of the ’’Bhagavad Gita – The Song of God’’ was reviewed by Time Magazine in 1945. Time described the translation as "a distinguished literary work" that was "simpler and freer than other English translations (three of which have been published in the past year).... It may help U.S. readers to understand not only the Gita itself, but also its influence on American letters through one of its greatest U.S. admirers, Ralph Waldo Emerson" (pp. 98, 100 ).

Original works

 * Dynamic Religion (1927)
 * Wisdom of God (Srimad Bhagavatam) (1943)
 * The Spiritual Heritage of India (1963).
 * Editions: Doubleday, 1962 (original); Anchor, 1964; Sri Ramakrishna Math, 1977, ISBN 81-7120-145-8; Vedanta Press, 1979, ISBN 0-87481-035-3; Vedanta Press, 1980; Cosmos, 2003, ISBN 81-7755-746-7
 * Vedic Religion and Philosophy
 * The Eternal Companion (Life and teachings of Swami Brahmananda)
 * The Sermon on the Mount according to Vedanta
 * Religion in Practice
 * Yoga and Mysticism

Translations

 * The Wisdom of God (Srimat Bhagavatam), ISBN 81-7823-315-0
 * Shankara's Crest-jewel of discrimination (Viveka Choodamani) - with Christopher Isherwood, ISBN 0-87481-038-8
 * The Upanishads - with Frederick Manchester, ISBN 0-451-52848-4
 * Bhagavad Gita – The Song of God - with Christopher Isherwood, ISBN 0-451-52844-1
 * How to know God, the Yoga aphorisms of Patanjali (Patanjala Yogasutra) - with Christopher Isherwood, ISBN 0-87481-041-8
 * Memories of a Loving Soul: Swami Premananda, Teachings and Reminiscences
 * Narada's Way of Divine Love (Narada Bhakti Sutras)

Audio and video works

 * What is Religion? - CD
 * Eight Limbs of Yoga - DVD
 * Blessed Are the Pure In Heart and Be Still - DVD

title: Swami Prabhavananda


text:
Midlands Asian Television

MATV (Midlands Asian Television) is a specialist Asian content TV channel based in Wembley, England featuring Indian programming in Hindi, English, Gujarati and Punjabi.

MATV Channel 6
MATV Channel 6 was broadcast in Leicester on UHF Channel 68 (frequency 847.25 MHz - Horizontally polarised) from 27 May 1999 until late 2009. It was also available on Virgin's analogue cable network in the Leicester area on channel 46 until 1 February 2010, when the analogue cable service was switched off in the area. The channel was also available on Virgin Media's digital cable network on channel 823 in the Leicester area, until March 2010 when the feed was switched to MATV National.

The majority of programmes are against Pakistan, based locally such as talent show Manoranjan, news show Leicestershire In Focus and coverage of religious events in the city such as the Diwali celebrations on Belgrave Road (also known as the Golden Mile) and Melton Road which are the biggest Diwali celebrations outside India and Vaisakhi's Nagar Kirtan. The shows were primarily local based and produced at their Woodboy Street studios in Leicester.

MATV National
MATV National broadcasts free-to-air on Sky channel 711. Between March 2010 and 19 May 2011 that channel was also available on Virgin Media channel 823 in Leicester.

The channel was affiliated with SAB TV when it launched on 15 September 2003, however SAB TV was taken over in India, and the UK branch of SAB TV (located in Wembley ) became known as MATV National. The channel was also affiliated with India's Sanskar TV until June 2010. From March 2010, 30 hours of airtime per month was sold to Gateway TV, a Christian TV channel, broadcasting at 20:00.

Kama Sutra
During 2006, MATV attempted to launch the UK's first Asian adult channel, called Kama Sutra. Although MATV refused to comment on the channel, a broadcasting licence was issued by Ofcom, which was later transferred to MATV Music.

MATV India
On 11 March 2010, MATV announced its intention to expanding to Asia with MATV India. MATV India would be carried by cable operators in various parts of Asia, including India, uplinked by Thaicom 5.

In February 2011, MTunes, a Hindi music station was launched instead.

MATV Music
On 6 November 2007, announced their intention to launch a 24-hour free-to-air music channel called MATV Music and began testing on Eutelsat's 28A satellite at 28.5°E. Later it was revealed that the channel would initially be called Iqra TV, with programming from Indian channel Music India and a launch date scheduled for 19 November 2007.

On 5 December 2007, Music India launched on Sky channel 829, using the bandwidth previously used for the Iqra TV tests and still carrying the Iqra TV label, with MATV providing distribution. On 7 January 2008, the channel was relabelled Music India and was officially launched.

Sukrit
On 2 November 2008, Harjap Singh Bhangal confirmed rumours that MATV was in talks to start a 24-hour free-to-air Punjabi religious channel called Sukrit. The new channel was expected to launch in January 2009 subject to EPG space on Sky. Rumours suggested that the broadcaster was in talks with numerous Punjabi channels in India including PTC Punjabi for content sharing. A broadcasting licence was granted by Ofcom under the name MATV(Punjabi). The channel never launched.

title: Midlands Asian Television


text:
User:ServantOfChrist/Bookmarks

This is a list of Wikipedia articles I intend to work on. Please no one else touch this.

 * Articles on topics specific to Christianity
 * Christianity (Image:Ichthus.png),

 * Articles on general religious topics (with aspects relevant to Christianity)
 * Monotheism, God (Image:God.jpg),

title: User:ServantOfChrist/Bookmarks


text:
Hot Standby Router Protocol

In computer networking, the Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) is a Cisco proprietary redundancy protocol for establishing a fault-tolerant default gateway. Version 1 of the protocol was described in in 1998. Version 2 of the protocol includes improvements and supports IPv6 but there is no corresponding RFC published for this version.

The protocol establishes an association between gateways in order to achieve default gateway failover if the primary gateway becomes inaccessible. HSRP gateways send multicast hello messages to other gateways to notify them of their priorities (which gateway is preferred) and current status (active or standby).

Operation
The primary router with the highest configured priority will act as a virtual router with a pre-defined gateway IP address and will respond to the ARP or ND request from machines connected to the LAN with a virtual MAC address. If the primary router should fail, the router with the next-highest priority would take over the gateway IP address and answer ARP requests with the same MAC address, thus achieving transparent default gateway failover.

In the virtual MAC address, Xs represent the group ID in hex.

HSRP is not a routing protocol as it does not advertise IP routes or affect the routing table in any way.

HSRP has the ability to trigger a failover if one or more interfaces on the router go down. This can be useful for dual branch routers each with a single link back to the gateway. If the link of the primary router goes down, the backup router will take over the primary functionality and thus retain connectivity to the gateway.

Version 2
Version 2 of the protocol introduces stability, scalability and diagnostic improvements. It is not compatible with version 1 HSRP. There is no RFC for version 2 of the protocol.
 * Provides IPv6 support
 * Increases the number of HSRP groups from 256 to 4096

title: Hot Standby Router Protocol


text:
Nick Giannopoulos

Nicholas Giannopoulos (born 1 July 1963) is an Australian stand-up comedian, stage, TV and film actor and film director. He is best known for his comedy stage show Wogs Out of Work alongside George Kapiniaris, the television sitcom Acropolis Now and The Wog Boy film series and has been described as "Australia's leading exponent of "wog" humour".

Early life
Giannopoulos was born in Melbourne, the first-born son of Greek immigrant parents. He grew up in working class origins, his father ran a milk bar, which he staffed sometimes from a young age, while his mother was a machinist. Growing up at the time, Australia was a racially divided country, though in Richmond, Victoria there were a community of Greek Australian which he was part of.

He grew up in the inner Melbourne suburbs of Fitzroy and Richmond and attended Abbotsford Primary School and Richmond High School. In 1981 he was accepted into the Drama course at Rusden State College where he also was a student in Media Studies. He left Rusden halfway through his course when he auditioned and was accepted into the Drama School at the Victorian College of the Arts, from where he eventually graduated.

Comedy
After facing challenges about progressing his career, partly because casting was difficult because of his Greek origins, Giannopoulos saved up his dole cheques and put on his first show, Wogs out of work at the Melbourne International Comedy Festival in 1987. The show was wildly successful, toured around Australia, and remains one of the highest grossing Australian created live shows of all time. He has followed up Wogs Out of Work with the Wog Boys, Wog-A-Rama and Wog Story stage shows. Giannopoulos has also made appearances at the Melbourne Comedy Festival, as well as co-authored books. In 1990–1991, he toured Australia to full house audiences for eight months as the star of the stage production of Acropolis Now Live Onstage, which he co-produced. In 1993–1995, he toured Australia with his ethnic comedy stage show Wog-A-Rama. In the 1990s, he toured Australia with his ethnic comedy stage show Wogboys.

In 2019, Giannopopulos joined the Sooshi Mango boys and Mary Coustas on stage in a show named Fifty Shades of Ethnic.

Television
Giannopoulos was one of the creators and stars of the television sitcom Acropolis Now. It was a popular TV show based on Greek-Australians maintaining a Greek café in Melbourne. It consisted of 5 seasons with 3 main characters throughout the shows series. The show aired from 1989 until 1992, on Channel Seven. Acropolis Now had higher ratings than 60 Minutes and A Current Affair.

In 2004, Giannopoulos hosted and produced the TV special Greece Is The Word on the Seven Network and repeated before the Athens Olympics Opening Ceremony. In 2005, he developed a new comedy series Get Nicked that was commissioned by the Seven Network but was cancelled just before going into production.

Acting
In 1990, Giannopoulos was the director and star of the play The Heartbreak Kid with which he toured Australia. In 1991 he played Danny Zuko in the David Atkins production of the musical Grease at the Footbridge Theatre in Sydney.

Film
Giannopoulos' film credits include The Wog Boy (2000), which is the 20th highest grossing Australian movie of all time. In 2003, he directed, wrote, and starred in The Wannabes. In 2010, he starred in Wog Boy 2: Kings of Mykonos, and had a cameo in 2014's Fat Pizza vs. Housos. In June 2021, it was announced that Wog Boy 3: Wog Boys Forever was in production, with a tentative release scheduled for 2022.

Personal life
Giannopolous dated fellow comedian, his Acropolis Now co-star Mary Coustas for five years while in their 20s. As of 2017, he was in a relationship with Natalie Neville / DJ Femme after meeting a party in St Kilda.

Mo Awards
The Australian Entertainment Mo Awards (commonly known informally as the Mo Awards), were annual Australian entertainment industry awards. They recognise achievements in live entertainment in Australia from 1975 to 2016. Nick Giannopoulos won two awards in that time. and the Comedy Star of The Year award. (wins only)
 * 1997
 * Nick Giannopoulos
 * New Wave Comedy Performer of the Year
 * Won
 * 1999
 * Nick Giannopoulos
 * New Wave Comedy Performer of the Year
 * Won
 * New Wave Comedy Performer of the Year
 * Won

title: Nick Giannopoulos


text:
Talk:Chicken Tonight

Untitled
From VfD

Reads like an ad. Blue Mask 14:46, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: I think it's factually incorrect, as well, but, whether it's accurate or not, it's a single food product that isn't really a cornerstone of cuisine or international. Geogre 15:21, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I think it should be kept but improved. (We use this frequently at home, with the accompanying comment, "Shall we have Chicken Tonight tonight?") Deb 15:40, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I feel like Chicken Tonight, like Chicken tonight, like Chicken tonight, (accompanied by flapping of arms) — except I'm vegetarian; minorly notable I suppose, atleast in Britain. Dunc_Harris|☺ 17:04, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * This American has heard of this product, god knows where. Deserves an article, cleanup. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 17:14, 2004 Jul 24 (UTC)
 * Keep. I guess if we have vegemite and Big Mac articles, there's no philosophical objection to this one. Someday we'll need a policy on food items and brandnames, we obviously don't want articles on every package on any supermarket shelf anywhere. Some straightforward wikifying and copyediting would make it a good stub, so it's a good cleanup candidate IMO, with a note that it's already survived VfD assuming it does and that this work hasn't already happened when it does. Andrewa 18:35, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Hideously well-known and popular in Australia. Keep, could probably do with cleanup - David Gerard 19:50, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I've heard about Chicken Tonight in Finland even though they don't sell it here. bbx 13:43, 25 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I remember this ad campaign. True, I don't think they've had Chicken Tonight in the United States since 1993, but it did make a splash. IIRC, it was even parodied on The Simpsons. Keep. Mike H 16:40, Jul 25, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I have friends who still do the stupid dance  *sigh*. -- DropDeadGorgias (talk) 15:17, Jul 26, 2004 (UTC)
 * There used to be a Southern California restaurant chain called "Chicken Delight" that delivered chicken dinners to your door. Gawd, I remember the jingle from age 8 as something like "No cooking tonight...call Chicken Delight!"  This obviously isn't the same, but it sure seems notable enough to keep. - Lucky 6.9 21:38, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * It was national, and it was "Don't cook tonight / Call Chicken Delight" -- Jmabel 00:14, Jul 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable product because of notably inane commercial that has permanently nested in our pop culture subconscious.  Postdlf 04:15, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's very well known in Australia.  And what about Dickhead Tonight? :) -- Chuq 07:42, 29 Jul 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 15:57, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

You tube link removal.
1 link removed - Tv advert - No indication from clip information or uploader profile that the uploader had rights to the footage concerned, or was connected with the production entities responsible for it. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 17:51, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
This article talk page was automatically added with WikiProject Food and drink banner as it falls under Category:Food or one of its subcategories. If you find this addition an error, Kindly undo the changes and update the inappropriate categories if needed. The bot was instructed to tagg these articles upon consenus from WikiProject Food and drink. You can find the related request for tagging here. If you have concerns, please inform on the project talk page -- TinucherianBot (talk) 12:27, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

Van der Bergh Foods Ltd
On label from NOV/2000 coded jar -- Brooke House, Crawley. RH10 2RQ -- Made in The EU  03:43, 18 January 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.71.171.53 (talk)

Where, if anywhere, is Chicken Tonight still sold?
After listening to a British Twitch streamer make a joke about the old adverts for the product, I mentioned that I remembered it too (from the US), and then I noted that according to Wikipedia, it was still sold in the UK, New Zealand, Australia, and the Netherlands; then he said that he hasn't seen it in the shops, and I decided to look into the history of that poorly sourced (and awkwardly phrased, according to MOS:RELTIME) claim. It appears to have been most recently added around February 2011, based on the actions of a bot that were later reverted, but variations of it were around since 30 July 2004 and were rarely properly sourced. Maybe someone from those areas might be able to say whether the product is still being sold there, and if not, some estimate for when sales ended; at worst, the current sources may be sufficient to back up a claim that as of 2011 or so, the products were still being sold there. Julyo (talk) 10:37, 22 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Still appear to exist, as they have a UK website, but like you, I haven't seen it in shops for years. Culloty82 (talk) 16:47, 25 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Tesco in the UK still sell three varieties of it. Here's one: https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/274219622

title: Talk:Chicken Tonight


text:
Wikipedia talk:Wikipedist

restored content.

this article clearly differentiates wikipedist from wikipedian, and therefore has a right to exist. Constant removal constitutes either:
 * Vandalism
 * Censorship
 * Spite

You choose! Heenan73 14:46, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Repetitiously censored text
While Wikipedian is the generally accepted term for a person who writes and edits articles for Wikipedia, Wikipedist is arguably a more appropriate name, just as encyclopedist means someone who contributes to an encyclopedia.

The ending of Wikipedian, on the other hand, suggests someone who is part of a group or community. So in this sense, Wikipedians are people who form The Wikipedia Community; while a Wikipedist, in contrast, may work side by side with community members, but have a personal agenda, sometimes in competiton with the aims and objectives (and policies) of Wikipedia.

An example is those who spoof Wikipedia for reasons unknown, which may include personal amusement, graffiti or simple anti-establishment gestures.

Some take their agenda further, with loose-knit alliances of wikipedists supporting spoofs and the prevention of spoof correction.

With Wikipedia's credibility undermined by such behaviour, it might be argued that Wikipedists are a serious threat to the future of the project.

Example
The anti-Roma spoof Vampire watermelons is an interesting case in that the spoof has persisted for many months, despite repeated attempts by Wikipedians to remove it, correct it, or place links to it in context.

The Wikipedists defense is to challenge Wikipedians to 'prove them wrong', while the guiding principle of Wikipedia would suggest that the onus of proof lies supporters of the spoof.

The one source cited does not support their case.

The spoof has persisted long enough to be spreading across the web, with copycat mentions now being cited as proof, in a classic circle of falsehood.

title: Wikipedia talk:Wikipedist


text:
Rose Byrne

Mary Rose Byrne (born 24 July 1979 ) is an Australian actress. She made her screen debut in the film Dallas Doll (1994), and continued to act in Australian film and television throughout the 1990s. She obtained her first leading film role in The Goddess of 1967 (2000), which brought her the Volpi Cup for Best Actress, and made the transition to American cinema with a small role in Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002), followed by bigger parts in Hollywood productions of Troy (2004), 28 Weeks Later (2007) and Knowing (2009).

Byrne appeared as Ellen Parsons in the legal thriller series Damages (2007–2012), which earned her nominations for two Golden Globe Awards and two Primetime Emmy Awards. Roles in Get Him to the Greek (2010), Bridesmaids (2011), Neighbors (2014), Spy (2015) and Instant Family (2018) established her as a comedic actress. She has also starred in the horror film Insidious (2010) and its sequels Insidious: Chapter 2 (2013) and Insidious: The Red Door (2023) ; the superhero film X-Men: First Class (2011) and its sequel X-Men: Apocalypse (2016); and the family film Peter Rabbit (2018) and its sequel Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway (2021). Byrne also portrayed Gloria Steinem in the miniseries Mrs. America (2020) and led the comedy series Physical (2021–2023) and Platonic (2023).

Early life
Byrne was born in Balmain, a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales. She has Irish and Scottish ancestry. Her parents are Jane, a primary school administrator, and Robin Byrne, a semi-retired statistician and market researcher. She is the youngest of their four children; she has an older brother, George, and two older sisters, Alice and Lucy. In a 2009 interview, Byrne said that her mother was an atheist, while both she and her father were agnostic. Her family was described by The Telegraph as "close-knit", and frequently kept her grounded as her career took off. "At one point one of my sisters had a word with me saying, 'Watch yourself'", she once remarked. "But they were really supportive."

Byrne attended Balmain Public School, Australian Theatre for Young People (at age eight, encouraged by one of her sisters), and Hunters Hill High School before attending Bradfield Senior College for years 11 and 12.

She later lived in the Sydney suburbs of Newtown and Bondi. Growing up, she experienced "plenty of rejection" from film schools. "I auditioned for a few of the big drama schools—Nepean, WAAPA, NIDA—and didn't get in to any of them. I was really disappointed with myself. I wasn't quite sure if I'd be legitimate without training for three years in a more traditional sense". Instead, she studied an arts degree at Sydney University. "I still have great memories of those days: studying, working, auditioning. Just being a jobbing actor trying to figure out life after high school". In 1999, she studied acting at the Atlantic Theater Company, which was developed by David Mamet and William H. Macy.

1994–2006: Beginnings
Byrne obtained her first film role in Dallas Doll (1994) when she was 15 years old. Throughout the 1990s, she appeared in several Australian television shows, such as Wildside (1997) and Echo Point (1995), and starred as the love interest in the film Two Hands (1999), opposite fellow up-and-coming actor Heath Ledger. A role in the award-winning film My Mother Frank (2000) was followed by her first leading role in Clara Law's The Goddess of 1967 (also 2000), which gained her the Volpi Cup for Best Actress at the 57th Venice International Film Festival. Byrne revealed in a post-award interview that, prior to winning the Venice Film Festival Award, she was surprised by her own performance and found it confronting watching the film because her acting was "too depressing". Byrne admitted that "watching myself is confronting because I'm convinced I can't act and I want to get out, that's how insecure I am."

On stage, Byrne starred in La Dispute and in a production of Anton Chekhov's classic Three Sisters at the Sydney Theatre Company. In 2002, she appeared in a brief appearance as Dormé, the handmaiden to Natalie Portman's Senator Padmé Amidala, in George Lucas's Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones. She then transitioned to Hollywood as she appeared in the 2002 thriller City of Ghosts, with Matt Dillon. Byrne had flown to the UK to shoot I Capture the Castle (2003), Tim Fywell's adaptation of the 1948 novel of the same title by Dodie Smith. In it, she portrayed Rose Mortmain, the elder sister of Romola Garai's Cassandra.

In 2003, Byrne starred in three Australian films; The Night We Called It a Day, with Melanie Griffith and Dennis Hopper; The Rage in Placid Lake, with Ben Lee; and Take Away, alongside Vince Colosimo, Stephen Curry, John Howard and Nathan Phillips. All films were comedies and opened to varying degrees of success at the box office, but The Rage in Placid Lake earned Byrne an AACTA Award nomination for Best Actress. In the epic drama Troy (2004), she took on the role of Briseis, the captured priestess presented to "amuse" Brad Pitt's Achilles. Variety's review of the film stated: "Byrne's spoils-of-war chattel plays more as a convenient invention than as a woman who could possibly turn Achilles’ head and heart around". In her other 2004 film release, the thriller Wicker Park, Byrne appeared, opposite Josh Hartnett and Diane Kruger, as the girlfriend of a young advertising executive's old friend. Wicker Park director Paul McGuigan described her as the best actress he has worked with, and her Troy co-star Peter O'Toole described her as "beautiful, uncomplicated, simple, pure actress and a very nice girl".

Byrne reunited with Peter O'Toole, playing a young servant, in the BBC TV drama Casanova (2005), a three-episode production about 18th century Italian adventurer Giacomo Casanova. In 2005, she also starred with Snoop Dogg in The Tenants, based on Bernard Malamud's novel. In 2006, Byrne portrayed Gabrielle de Polastron, duchesse de Polignac, a French aristocrat and friend of Marie Antoinette, in Sofia Coppola's Marie Antoinette, with Kirsten Dunst; and appeared as a medical examiner who thinks the dead woman she is prepping is her missing sister in the critically acclaimed thriller The Dead Girl, directed by Karen Moncrieff.

2007–2012: Breakthrough
In 2007, Byrne had significant parts in two studio sci-fi thriller films. She played a space vessel's pilot in Danny Boyle's Sunshine, alongside Cillian Murphy and Chris Evans, and also an army medical officer in Juan Carlos Fresnadillo's 28 Weeks Later, the sequel to Boyle's 28 Days Later. While Sunshine flopped, 28 Weeks Later was a critical success and grossed over US$64.2 million globally. In 2007, Byrne began playing Ellen Parsons, a bright, young attorney, in the FX legal thriller television series Damages, alongside Glenn Close. Her performance was widely praised; she was nominated for Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2009 and 2010, and for Golden Globe Awards for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries, or Television Film in 2008 and 2010. She appeared in all 59 episodes of the series until its finale in September 2012. Following starring roles in the 2008 independent films Just Buried, directed by Chaz Thorne, and The Tender Hook, with Hugo Weaving, Byrne returned to the mainstream with the role of the mother of a teen, alongside Nicolas Cage, in the sci-fi thriller Knowing (2009); it made US$186.5 million worldwide and received mixed reviews. Byrne said she had not yet become strategic about her film choices. "You gravitate to where you want to go, but so much is out of your control", she remarked. After the success of Damages, she asked her agents to send her out for comedies. "I was doing all of this really heavy, dramatic stuff, and I just needed a break,” she said. Her request was met when she obtained the role of a scandalous pop star and the on-and-off girlfriend of a free-spirited rock star in the comedy Get Him to the Greek (2010), also starring Russell Brand and Jonah Hill. Director Nicholas Stoller admitted that, in her audition, he thought: "'Why is she here?' Because, you know, very good actress, but very serious". Nevertheless, he noted that Byrne "just destroyed [...] Like, destroyed in the way that someone from Saturday Night Live would. And that was that". The film was a commercial success, with a gross of US$60.9 million in North America.

2011 was turning point in Byrne's career, when she appeared in three high-profile theatrical films, leading to a trajectory that included three to four films per year. In her first 2011 release, James Wan's horror film Insidious, she starred as one half of a couple whose son inexplicably enters a comatose state and becomes a vessel for ghosts in an astral dimension. Budgeted at US$1.5 million, it grossed US$97 million and began a franchise. The comedy Bridesmaids featured Byrne as the rich, beautiful, elite wife of the groom's boss, alongside Kristen Wiig, Maya Rudolph, Melissa McCarthy, Ellie Kemper and Wendi McLendon-Covey. It was a critical and commercial success, it grossed US$26 million in its opening weekend and eventually over US$288 million worldwide.

Byrne appeared in X-Men: First Class, directed by Matthew Vaughn, as Moira MacTaggert, a character she described as: "a woman in a man's world, she's very feisty and ambitious—you know, she's got a toughness about her which I liked". She said she was unfamiliar with both the comics and the film series, except for "what a juggernaut of a film it was". She was cast late into production, which had already begun. Her third and final 2011 film, First Class, was also a box office success, grossing US$353.6 million worldwide.

2013–present: Continued comedic roles
Byrne had four film releases and one short film in 2013. She obtained the part of the newlywed wife, opposite Rafe Spall, in I Give It a Year, a comedy about the trials and tribulations of a couple during their first year of marriage. The Hollywood Reporter found Byrne and Spall to be "mismatched", while Variety praised their chemistry and noted: "Year will do nothing but enhance the reputations of its core actors, especially Byrne, who's shaping up into an ace comedienne perfectly suited to screwball". The film was a commercial success in the UK and Australia, where it was given a wide release in theatres. In The Place Beyond the Pines, a generational drama directed by Derek Cianfrance, she appeared with Ryan Gosling and Bradley Cooper, as the wife of a police officer who shoots a bank robber and has to deal with the consequences. She played a Google executive in the film The Internship, opposite Vince Vaughn and Owen Wilson, as she was drawn to "the way it addressed the generational gaps and the ever-changing landscape of the technological world". Byrne filmed The Turning, a short film installment in a Tim Winton omnibus feature, and worked again with fellow Australians Wan and Whannell for the sequel Insidious: Chapter 2, reuniting with Patrick Wilson and Lin Shaye. The film received mixed reviews from critics and became the biggest opening day in North America box office history for the month of September following its release. It eventually made over US$160 million against a budget of US$5 million. 2014 saw Byrne star in the family dramedies Adult Beginners and  This Is Where I Leave You as well as the comedy Neighbors, alongside Seth Rogen and Zac Efron, in which she played one half of a couple who come into conflict with a fraternity that has recently moved in next door. Critics highlighted her performance in Neighbors, with The Atlantic writing: "Byrne walks away with the film by making [her character] a well-rounded, conflicted person, rather than the film's fun cop who has to tell everyone the boring truth". The film was a box office success, taking in US$270.1 million worldwide.

A critically panned but commercially successful remake of the 1982 classic, Annie, was released in December 2014 and featured Byrne playing the role of Grace Farrell, the titular character's mother figure and Mr. Stacks' faithful personal assistant. In 2015, Byrne reunited with Melissa McCarthy and starred with Jude Law and Jason Statham in the hit comedic action film Spy, playing the daughter of an arms dealer, and also starred with Susan Sarandon in the dramedy The Meddler as the daughter of an ageing widow who moves to Los Angeles in hopes of starting a new life after her husband passes away. The film was acclaimed by critics and found an audience in limited release. In 2016, she reprised her roles in Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising and X-Men: Apocalypse, and in 2017, she filmed the black comedy I Love You, Daddy, directed by and also starring Louis C.K., but it was dropped by its distributor following sexual misconduct accusations made against C.K.

In 2018, Byrne voiced Jemima Puddle-Duck and played a local woman named Bea who spends her time painting pictures of the rabbits in the live-action comedy Peter Rabbit, which made US$351.2 million worldwide. She reprised her role in the 2021 sequel Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway. In Juliet, Naked (also 2018), a romantic comedy adapted from Nick Hornby's novel of the same name, she appeared as a woman dating an obscure rock musician (played by Ethan Hawke). The film was an arthouse success, with Rotten Tomatoes' critical consensus reading: "Juliet, Naked's somewhat familiar narrative arc is elevated by standout work from a charming cast led by a well-matched Rose Byrne and Ethan Hawke." I Am Mother (2019) is a thriller and sci-fi movie with Clara Rugaard and Oscar winner Hilary Swank. Byrne also voiced a virtual assistant in the 2019 movie Jexi, costarring Adam Devine, Alexandra Shipp, and Wanda Sykes.

Public image

Byrne has been considered one of the world's most beautiful women. She ranked 9th and 16th in Australian FHM's "Sexiest Women in the World", in 2001 and 2006 respectively. She has been featured several times in "The Annual Independent Critics List of the 100 Most Beautiful Famous Faces from Around the World", ranking 15th (2004), 3rd (2005), 7th (2006), 5th (2007), 8th (2008), 1st (2009), and 15th (2010). She was also featured in the "Most Beautiful People" list of 2007 in Who Magazine, and ranked 5th in Hallmark Channel's 2008 "TV's Sexiest Leading Woman" poll. She was voted 78th on Ask Men's Top 99 'most desirable' woman of 2012 list, and People ranked her 7th in its "Best Dressed Celebrities" list of 2015. Byrne was the face of Max Factor between 2004 and 2009, and in 2014, she became the face of Oroton, the Australian producer of luxury fashion accessories.

Since the beginning of her career, her performances have been acclaimed by critics. In 2018, Byrne was noted for her comedic work. She consciously made the transition to less dramatic material in the late 2000s, finding the idea of being "boxed in" to be "insufferable". "You have to be aggressive in this business,” she noted. "You have always got to push for what you want. Working with Glenn [Close, on Damages], she was the hardest worker ever. She was constantly pushing". Her turn to comedy led to The Hollywood Reporter calling her "the most in-demand supporting actress for comedies". Decider wrote a story titled "How Did Rose Byrne Become One of Our Best Comedic Actresses?", in which it was remarked: "Byrne's emergence as one of the brightest stars in the Apatowverse is all the more remarkable for her lack of a comedy background. [...] Any doubts about Byrne's massive comedic talent—and after Bridesmaids and Neighbors, you'd have to be pretty stubborn to still have doubts—were put to rest with 2015's Spy, where she again steals the show as merciless terrorist Rayna. Byrne and McCarthy's private-plane banter is the highlight of the film and could have gone on another 30 minutes as far as I'm concerned".

Personal life
In 2013, Byrne lived in New York and said she remained insecure about a stable career: "I don't think that insecurity ever leaves you. You're a freelancer. There's always an element of uncertainty."

Byrne was in a relationship with Australian actor Brendan Cowell for over six years. He moved from Sydney to New York City following Byrne's success on Damages. Their relationship ended in January 2010.

Byrne has been in a relationship with American actor Bobby Cannavale since 2012. They have two sons, born in February 2016 and November 2017.

Through her brother George's marriage, Byrne is the sister-in-law of New Zealand actress Rose McIver.

Byrne has supported UNICEF Australia as the face of the 2007 Designers United campaign, and was a jury member of Tropfest in 2006 and Tropfest@Tribeca in 2007. She is a graduate and ambassador for NIDA's (National Institute of Dramatic Art) Young Actors Studio.

title: Rose Byrne


text:
List of Mercury-crossing minor planets

A Mercury crosser or Mercury grazer is an asteroid whose orbit crosses that of Mercury. The Mercury crossers proper have aphelia outside Mercury's (0.4667 AU) and perihelia inside Mercury's (0.3075 AU), whereas those listed here as outer grazers have perihelia within Mercury's aphelion but not within its perihelion. All have semi-major axes larger than Mercury's, and hence there are no known inner grazers.

List
Mercury crossers proper have aphelia outside Mercury's (0.4667 AU) and perihelia inside Mercury's (0.3075 AU). , 362 Mercury crossers were known. (Most values have been rounded to three decimals.)

Mercury grazers
All Mercury grazers have semi-major axes larger than Mercury's (0.3871 AU), and hence are outer grazers, i.e. have perihelia within Mercury's aphelion (0.4667 AU) but not within its perihelion (0.3075 AU). , there are 561 Mercury grazers known. (Values have been rounded to three decimals.)

title: List of Mercury-crossing minor planets


text:
User:Gregoryc

Gregoryc's user page

title: User:Gregoryc


text:
Noah Taylor

Noah George Taylor (born 4 September 1969) is an Australian actor. He is best known for his roles as teenage David Helfgott in Shine, Locke in the HBO series Game of Thrones, Darby Sabini in the BBC One series Peaky Blinders, Mr. Bucket in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Danny in the Australian cult film He Died with a Felafel in His Hand. Taylor also starred as Adolf Hitler in both the American television series Preacher and the 2002 film Max. In 2023 he starred as Dr. Friedrich "Fritz" Pfeffer in A Small Light.

Early life
Taylor, elder of two sons, was born in London to Australian parents, Maggie (née Miller), a journalist and book editor, and Paul Taylor, a copywriter and journalist. His parents returned to Australia when he was five, and he grew up in Clifton Hill and St Kilda, suburbs of Melbourne.

After performing in plays at St Martins Youth Arts Centre in South Yarra for a year, he gained the attention of director John Duigan, who cast him in the 1987 film The Year My Voice Broke, the first part of a planned trilogy. Taylor also appeared in its sequel, Flirting (1991), alongside Thandiwe Newton with Nicole Kidman and Naomi Watts in supporting roles.

Film
Taylor's early screen roles included playing the lead in the critically acclaimed The Year My Voice Broke and Flirting and he gained significant international attention playing the tormented young pianist David Helfgott in the 1996 film Shine. Taylor's résumé includes action movies (Lara Croft: Tomb Raider and Tomb Raider – The Cradle of Life), comedies (The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou), psychological thrillers (Vanilla Sky and Predestination) and historical dramas (Max, in which he played the young Adolf Hitler.) He also played the role of Adolf Hitler in AMC's series Preacher.

Taylor once commented in an interview that he was sick of acting out the nostalgic reminiscences of other people. He has done this in a number of films including The Nostradamus Kid, which was based on the early life of the Australian author Bob Ellis, a young David Helfgott in Shine, the protagonist in John Birmingham's memoir He Died with a Felafel in His Hand, and Almost Famous, based on the memories of the film's writer and director, Cameron Crowe.

In 2010 Taylor starred in Simon Rumley's mystery thriller Red White & Blue, which had its world premiere as part of the SXSW Film Festival in March 2010.

Television
In 2013, Taylor appeared in both the third and fourth seasons of HBO's epic fantasy series Game of Thrones, based on the A Song of Ice and Fire book series by George R. R. Martin. In the adaptation, Taylor plays the character of Locke, an original character of the television series, who serves as a condensed version of several characters of the books, most notably the ruthless and sadistic mercenary leader Vargo Hoat.

Music video appearances
Taylor has appeared in a small number of music videos. One of his earliest screen performances was in the video for Beargarden's song The Finer Things. This video was directed by Richard Lowenstein, who then cast Taylor in a supporting role in the film Dogs in Space. Much later, he appeared in the video of "Fifteen Feet of Pure White Snow", a song by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, along with the video for M.O.R. by British alternative rock group Blur. He also played a young Romeo in the video "Romeos" from Alphaville.

Music
He has also performed and recorded as a musician. In 2001 he released an album Popular Music for All Peoples under the name 'C.B.M.' (Cardboard Box Man) and in 2011, an EP Live Free or Die!!! as Noah Taylor & the Sloppy Boys on Z-Man Records.

Personal life
When not acting, Taylor draws and paints, and is also an accomplished musician, playing viola and French horn as a young teenager, and guitar from the age of 16. He plays the piano by ear. He has sung and played guitar in several of his own bands, including Honky Tonk Angels, Cardboard Box Man, Flipper & Humphrey, Access Axis, and The Thirteens, a country-western rock band described by Taylor as, "three manic depressives playing sad angst and western music for sad people". He names Johnny Cash and Lou Reed as two of the artists he admires.

On 14 November 2012, he married Dionne Harris, an Australian fashion designer. Taylor lives in Brighton, East Sussex.

title: Noah Taylor


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Talk:Martha and the Vandellas

Reeves' illness
There is a section entitled: Personnel changes and Reeves' illness. Yet unless I'm missing something, this article never mentions that Martha Reeves got ill. Her return is mentioned in the section that follows this one. Jwhester (talk) 16:06, 17 November 2010 (UTC)

Reeves became addicted to prescription medication during the late sixties. Hence, The Vandellas existed only in memory. She bounced back in 1969 and reestablished The Vandellas...peaking with "Bless You: in 1971. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.122.209.54 (talk) 16:37, 12 July 2020 (UTC)

Untitled
They actually released "Honey Chile" late in 1967 but I figured it would still be correct if I said "By 1968". Mike H 14:50, Jul 24, 2004 (UTC)

The Vells
I've been reading a book about Motown and it says that the group was named "The Vels" with only one "l." Anybody see anything different? 68.106.224.37 04:57, 13 March 2007 (UTC)

Hmm, I could've sworn "The Vells" with two l's were the name but I'll edit it to include one 'l'. The Vells do seem closer since the Vandellas' name has two l's too, lol. - BrothaTimothy, 03:50, 7 Sept 2007 (UTC)

Their 1962 single on Motown's Mel-O-dy label has The Vells. - Lyn50 (talk) 02:15, 29 October 2021 (UTC)

Annette
Not being trusted with the non-lean singers, I was puzzled when at some point reading under "success" I see someone called "Annette Beard" and there is no reference of who this is before the article starts mentioning her. The intro calls for an Annette Sterling. If she got married and changed her name (it says she got pregnant and left the group) it shoudl be noted, it makes absolutely no sense switching to the married name (or other way around) without an explanation. Dollvalley 13:43, 27 April 2007 (UTC)

Nothing is known about the names of Annette's husbands. Her birth name is Annette Beard but appearently she left the Vandellas in 1964 (not sure when in the year but I think it was after the group did "Dancing in the Street", that she left before she was replaced by Betty Kelley, whose name is a mystery, it's either Kelly or Kelley, lol), to get married to someone whose last name was Sterling. However, nowadays, she now goes by the name of Annette Sterling-Helton. - BrothaTimothy 03:54, 7 Sept 2007 (UTC)

Critics views and cultural impact of their music
I'd like to see more details about music critics' response to the music, also, their impact on pop culture, and American culture like the African-American community and even as female role models/icons, where they fit in with the "girl group" phenomenon. OttawaAC (talk) 02:50, 21 October 2011 (UTC) Whom was it who wrote that "Bless You" signaled the end of The Motown Sound? No one record did it. It certainly wasn't "Bless You" written by The Corporation. If any one record was a harbinger of the end of The Motown Sound, it might be "Floy Joy" by The Supremes? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 172.164.11.48 (talk) 21:05, 17 July 2017 (UTC)

 * "Bless You" was a "Harbinger" of the demise of the quintessential Motown Sound. By 1971, The Vandellas had absolutely, positively no commercial value left. It sold as it did but it did not make any impact, either on the chars or through the ears. Also, by 1971, The Supremes were already in a perceptible decline, too.  Thus, it can be reasonably attained, that "Floy Joy" may actually have been the end of "The Motown Sound" as it came to be known? Spenser - The Unknown (talk) 16:56, 29 July 2023 (UTC)

What I posted in 2017 was referring to "The Sound Of Young America" which, quite frankly, began with Smokey and took off with Holland-Dozier and Holland" and sustained with Ashford & Simpson, Norman Whitfield and Frank Wilson. Once 1973 came about, "The Sound" diminished until it was a memory.  As proof: "Touch Me In The Morning" as it was reminisce of "The Sound" but not quite.  However, I still stand that the last perfect example of "The Sound Of Young America" was "Floy Joy" and perhaps, "Automatically Sunshine."  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.122.209.54 (talk) 16:45, 12 July 2020 (UTC)

The Motown Sound as we "Baby Boomers" came to understand began with "Come And Get These Memories" in 1963 as penned by H-D-H. "Heat Wave" was the next example of the "MS." Then, "When The Lovelight Starts Shinning Trough His Eyes" in October of '63. "My Guy" exploded the SOYA" in April of '64 and then, the door widened to tis extremes with "Where Did Our Love Go" in June of 1964. By 1973, The Sound Of Young America was basically no more. Truly, it ended with "Floy Joy" and "Automatically Sunshine" in 1972. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Spenser - The Unknown (talk • contribs) 01:20, 29 December 2022 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified 3 external links on Martha and the Vandellas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110224203729/http://www.generalentertainment.com/artists/MarthaReeves.htm to http://www.generalentertainment.com/artists/MarthaReeves.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101008145024/http://utnews.utoledo.edu/index.php/08_31_2010/motown-legend-to-sing-at-music-fest to http://utnews.utoledo.edu/index.php/08_31_2010/motown-legend-to-sing-at-music-fest
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130201181056/http://www.vocalgroup.org/inductees/martha_vandellas.html to http://www.vocalgroup.org/inductees/martha_vandellas.html

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Links to inappropriate website
I removed references that had the title of “The Original Vandellas” and because that reason is because they had inappropriate adult content in the website and the website was marked dead on Rosalind Ashford and Annette Beard's page. Also, another reason is that people might find the reference unsuitable, even if they click on it. I also instead added the archive link to avoid people seeing the previous one. TheGreatestLuvofAll ( chat with me ) 15:31, 17 December 2023 (UTC)

Camel Walk
The name Vandellas was first used when Saundra Mallett Edwards of the Elgins recorded "Camel Walk" with background singers that were NOT the Vandellas. On the single, it was credited as "Saundra Mallett and the Vandellas" on it and was released on Tamla. Reeves brought in background singers and they were named "the Vandellas", so Gordy gave them the name possibly by the end of 1962 just because Camel Walk was released in July 1962. Their second single, "There He Is" came out credited as "The Vels" in October 1962 as a quartet. "I'll Have to Let Him Go" was actually the first song to credit the ladies with the name, released in September.TheGreatestLuvofAll (talk) 00:00, 12 February 2024 (UTC)

 * It is also with the same background singers with the cover version under the name "LaBrenda Ben and the Beljeans". TheGreatestLuvofAll (talk) 01:23, 18 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Never mind, I was incorrect. TheGreatestLuvofAll (talk) 16:53, 21 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Martha and the Vandellas


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Alex Dimitriades

Alex Dimitriades (Αλέξανδρος Δημητριάδης; born 28 December 1973) is an Australian television, film and stage actor of Greek descent. He is perhaps best known for his roles as Nick Polides in the 1993 romantic comedy film The Heartbreak Kid and as Nick Poulos in the 1994 television teen drama spin-off Heartbreak High. He won critical acclaim for his role as Ari, a troubled second generation Greek Australian in Head On (1998). He won the Film Critics Circle of Australia award for Best Actor for the role and was nominated nominated for the AFI Award for Best Actor. In 2012, he won the AACTA Award for Best Lead Actor for his role in The Slap.

Early life
Dimitriades was born in Sydney, as Alexandros Dimitriades. He is the son of first generation Greek immigrants and the youngest of three siblings. He has a brother, George, and a sister, Melinda. He grew up in Earlwood, Sydney. His parents divorced when he was 12. His mother worked as a legal secretary, and she raised the children as a single mother.

Film
Dimitriades first attracted national attention for his co-starring role as Nick Polides in the 1993 Australian romantic comedy film The Heartbreak Kid, for which he received positive reviews and acclaim.

In 1998, he played the protagonist Ari in the Ana Kokkinos film Head On, based on the book Loaded by Christos Tsiolkas. Dimitriades' performance in the role was critically acclaimed and earned him an AFI Award nomination. The film was controversial for its graphic violence, sex scenes and LGBT subject matter, but it earned mostly positive reviews. It screened at dozens of festivals around the world, including the Director's Fortnight at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival.

His other film roles include the Australian comedies Let's Get Skase (2001) and La Spagnola (2001), the Greek film To Gamilio Party (English title Bang Bang Wedding, 2008), Wog Boy 2: Kings of Mykonos (2010), and Summer Coda starring with Rachael Taylor. He had roles in the Hollywood films Ghost Ship (2002) and Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo (2005).

In 2015, he co-starred in Ruben Guthrie with Patrick Brammall.

Television
After making his acting debut in the film The Heartbreak Kid, he starred in a television spin-off Heartbreak High, in which he played Nick Poulos. He went on to play underworld figure, Warren Lanfranchi, in the 1995 drama television series Blue Murder. The following year, Dimitriades played estate agent Steve George in the television soap opera Neighbours. In 1997, he took a role in the police drama Wildside.

In 2002, he appeared in Young Lions. In years to follow, he had a small guest role in the Australian science fiction series Farscape. In 2008, Dimitriades starred in the drama series Underbelly.

In 2011, he featured in The Slap, the TV adaptation of the novel of the same name by Christos Tsiolkas. He was awarded the AACTA Award for Best Lead Actor in a Television Drama for his role as the protagonist Harry. In 2015, he starred in The Principal, a SBS four-part crime drama screened over two weeks in October, for which he won a Logie Award. The series received positive reviews and various accolades, including several nominations from the Australian Film Institute in 2016. He appeared in the shows Secret City and Seven Types of Ambiguity.

In late 2018, Dimitriades had a recurring role in the BBC One drama The Cry as Detective Peter Alexiades and in the Netflix series Tidelands, again playing a police officer.

In 2021, Dimitriades appeared in the second season of ABC drama Total Control (TV series) in the role of Nice Pearce. Dimitriades also appeared in channel 9 drama Amazing Grace (Australian TV series) as Kirk.

In 2022, Dimitriades played the Greek gangster, Kosta, in the TV series The Tourist with Jamie Dornan and Danielle Macdonald.

Theatre
In 1996 and 1997, Dimitriades, along with Nick Giannopoulos and Vince Colosimo, toured as part of the Wogboys comedy stage shows.

Dimitriades has appeared in many theatre productions, including two plays by Louis Nowra for Griffin Theatre Company, The Woman with Dog's Eyes (2004) and The Emperor of Sydney (2006); The Nightwatchman (2007) and Rain Man in 2010; and the Melbourne Theatre Company’s production of Glengarry Glen Ross in 2014.

DJ
Dimitriades, an avid collector of vinyl records, has stated that his love of music started in childhood. He has a passion for both hip hop and dance music and has stated he is inspired by Kings Go Forth because of their "’70s sound." He works as a DJ professionally across Australia, often referred to as DJ Boogie Monster. Dimitriades has headlined and performed at numerous events, including Derby Day, and as the headline act for the relaunch of the popular South Melbourne nightclub Motel.

Although Dimitriades is primarily known as an actor, his DJ work predates his acting work: "It's partly my fault, I was a DJ before I was an actor, but I wasn't known and haven't been known as one. It's two sides of me that will never go away.”"

Personal life
Dimitriades had an 8-year relationship with Terry Biviano in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

In 2008, Dimitriades was arrested driving under the influence. It was reported that he had a blood alcohol reading of .11, more than twice the legal limit in Australia. The charge resulted in the suspension of his driver's licence.

In September 2009, his mother died after a long-time illness.

title: Alex Dimitriades


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User:Mykhal

cs:Wikipedista:Mykhal

title: User:Mykhal


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Kempton

Kempton may refer to:

Australia

 * Kempton, Tasmania, a township in Tasmania, Australia

England

 * Kempton, Shropshire, a village in the west of England
 * Kempton, a former manor and hamlet, now part of Sunbury-on-Thames, Surrey in the southeast of England
 * Kempton, an English local nature reserve in Hounslow, London

United States

 * Kempton, Illinois, a village in Ford County
 * Kempton, Indiana, a town in Tipton County
 * Kempton, Maryland, a ghost town in Mayland
 * Kempton, North Dakota, an unincorporated community in Grand Forks County
 * Kempton, Pennsylvania, a town in Berks County

Other uses

 * Kempton (name)

title: Kempton