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Godzilla: Monster of Monsters

Godzilla: Monster of Monsters! (ゴジラ) is a Nintendo Entertainment System video game released in Japan in 1988 and in 1989 in the US by Toho Co., Ltd. The North American version removes all references to Toho Cenfile-Soft Library and Compile, crediting the game to Toho Eizo on the title screen instead.

Storyline
In the year 2XXX, the mysterious Planet X appears when Pluto and Neptune switch positions in the solar system, and its inhabitants begin an attempt to conquer the Earth, using a legion of space monsters (though some of these creatures were in fact from Earth) as their primary attack force. The King of Monsters, Godzilla, joins forces with the guardian monster Mothra and the forces of Earth to repel the invasion forces.

Gameplay

The game features two playable monsters, Godzilla and Mothra (who originally appeared in her own movie and then later became a regular monster to fight alongside Godzilla). The player uses both monsters in turn by selecting the desired character on a virtual gameboard, representative of the planet it is on, and moving it like a chess piece. Each space is a hexagon that represents playable, side-scrolling levels. There are rocky zones, jungle zones, city zones, and hyperspace zones. The hyperspace zones feature fights with the Matango, Dogora, and the Goten. The alien space ships resemble the design of Atragon and The War in Space.

Each board contains several monsters from the Godzilla series and some from other Toho movies and the objective is to clear each board of enemy monsters before advancing to the next board. Battles are fought when the player moves Godzilla or Mothra adjacent to an enemy monster, and are reminiscent of a match from a fighting game. The player plays a small side-scrolling level for each space advanced, and if one has moved adjacent to the monster, a battle follows the side-scrolling stages. More monsters appear on each stage until nearly every monster in the game is featured. When the player reaches Planet X, every previous monster is present along with King Ghidorah himself. The monster battles have a time limit of forty seconds but lack a countdown timer.

The monsters from the game (in order of confrontation and with their corresponding planets):

 * Earth: Gezora - A giant squid or cuttlefish-like creature (originally from the 1970 movie Space Amoeba)
 * Earth: Moguera - A giant robot (originally from the 1957 movie The Mysterians)
 * Mars: Varan - A giant gliding lizard (originally from the 1958 movie Varan the Unbelievable)
 * Jupiter: Hedorah - A giant alien creature that feeds off of pollution (from the 1971 Godzilla movie Godzilla vs. Hedorah)
 * Saturn: Baragon - A fire-breathing dinosaur (originally from the 1965 movie Frankenstein Conquers the World)
 * Uranus: Gigan - A cyborg monster with blade arms (from the 1972 Godzilla movie Godzilla vs. Gigan)
 * Pluto: Mechagodzilla - A robotic replica of Godzilla (from the 1974 Godzilla movie Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla)
 * Planet X: King Ghidorah - A giant three-headed dragon (from the 1964 Godzilla movie Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster)

The titular mushroom kaiju from the 1963 film Matango appear as mid-bosses throughout the early stages of the game. In later stages, that role goes to Gohten, the space battleship from the 1977 sci-fi film The War in Space.

In addition, Dogora from the 1964 film of the same name and the creature Manda from the 1963 film Atragon appear as common enemies throughout the game.

Sequels
Later, a sequel was made called Godzilla 2: War of the Monsters. The player controls the Army, trying to protect Japan from the Godzilla characters.

In popular culture
This game was the focus on a popular creepypasta titled "NES Godzilla Creepypasta", where a fan of the game ends up playing a twisted version of the game possessed by a vicious demonic entity called Red, a skeletal red monster who heavily distorts the game to hellish and unrealistic depths and has a history with the narrator's late girlfriend. The story is notable for also featuring a heavy amount of "screenshots" from the fictional version of the game. A fangame has been in development with a demo being released in 2017, however it has closed down production in 2023.

title: Godzilla: Monster of Monsters


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Quinlan Vos

Quinlan Vos is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. Vos was voiced by Al Rodrigo in the Star Wars: The Clone Wars television series. The character also appears in various canon and non-canon Star Wars media like books and comics.

Born on the planet Kiffu and raised at the Jedi Temple on the planet Coruscant, Vos is a Jedi Master who wields a green-bladed lightsaber. He is also a Jedi General during the Clone Wars and is one of the few Jedi to survive Order 66, the galaxy-wide mass murder of Jedi ordered by Emperor Palpatine.

Appearances
The character of Quinlan Vos made his first public appearance in the 1999 film Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace. This is a retcon, as originally the character was a random extra. Star Wars creator George Lucas liked the character enough to retcon him into the film.

His first true appearance is Star Wars #17, (1998)

Revenge of the Sith
Quinlan Vos is mentioned in the 2005 film Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, with Obi-Wan Kenobi telling Anakin Skywalker that Vos has moved his clone troopers out of the planet Boz Pity.

The Clone Wars
Quinlan Vos appears in season 3, episode 9 of Star Wars: The Clone Wars, in which he goes on a mission with Obi-Wan Kenobi to find Ziro the Hutt, who has been broken out of prison by bounty hunter Cad Bane.

Obi-Wan Kenobi
During episode 3 of the Obi-Wan Kenobi television series, Obi-Wan Kenobi discovers Quinlan Vos' name carved on the wall and realizes that he was there at The Path in the safehouse on the planet Mapuzo, where he was helping Jedi and Force-sensitive children get to safety.

Books

Dark Disciple

The Jedi Council meets to discuss the devastation the Clone Wars are wreaking on the galaxy. They come to the conclusion that Count Dooku, the leader of the treasonous Confederacy of Independent Systems, must die, and they devise a plan to assassinate him. The Council selects Asajj Ventress, Dooku's former disciple and personal assassin, and team her up with Vos. Even though Ventress has good cause to distrust the Jedi, the Council thinks that if given the right encouragement, her animosity for Dooku, who tried to have her killed once she had outlived her usefulness to him, may lead her to act against her former master.

Dark Horse Republic comics

Quinlan Vos is the main protagonist in the Dark Horse Star Wars: Republic comics set during the Clone Wars. Written by John Ostrander. Illustrated by Jan Duursema.

Promotion
Quinlan Vos has been featured in Hasbro and Lego Star Wars toys.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Quinlan Vos


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The Growth of Biological Thought

The Growth of Biological Thought (992 pages, Belknap Press, ISBN 0674364465) is a book written by Ernst Mayr, first published in 1982. It is subtitled Diversity, Evolution, and Inheritance, and is as much a book of philosophy and history as it is of biology.

It is a sweeping, academic study of the first 2,400 years of the science of biology. It focuses largely on how the philosophical assumptions of biologists influenced and limited their understanding. It includes many important general observations about the role of philosophy in scientific inquiry and the place of biology amongst the sciences.

title: The Growth of Biological Thought


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The Chinese High School (Singapore)

The Chinese High School was an independent school in Singapore offering secondary education. The school merged with Hwa Chong Junior College on 1 January 2005 to form the integrated Hwa Chong Institution.

Founded on 21 March 1919, The Chinese High School was the first high school in Southeast Asia to cater to different dialect groups among overseas Chinese in the region. After Singapore gained independence in 1965, the school came under the purview of the Ministry of Education and was accorded the Special Assistance Plan (SAP) status in 1979. It has the unique distinction of having the Independent School status in 1988, a scheme that the ministry perceived had proven successful and was extended to other top schools in Singapore. The Chinese High School remained as one of the best performing schools in Singapore, both in academic achievements and extracurricular activities.

Founding
As early as May 1913, Tan Kah Kee, a prominent businessman, proposed setting up a secondary school for Chinese boys in Singapore. Tan's proposal was supported by the Tung Teh Reading Club and a dance troupe, claiming to have raised S$20,000 as funds for building the school. On 21 March 1919, the Singapore Nanyang Overseas Chinese Middle School was formally opened at Niven Road with an enrolment of 78 students. Six years later, with an additional funding of S$600,000, the school moved to its new campus at Bukit Timah Road, covering an area of 79 acre, and officially renamed The Chinese High School.

After its founding, the school offered comprehensive secondary level Chinese education. It continued to be funded and supported by Tan Kah Kee until shortly before World War II. The school was temporarily closed in February 1933 when all the teachers resigned. Later in February 1934, the school was reopened with a new principal and staff. In the same year, Lee Kong Chian, son-in-law of Tan Kah Kee, became the chairperson of the school's management board, and he held the post until 1957. During Lee's tenure, the school almost closed several times due to financial difficulties, but managed to survive due to strong financial support from both Tan and Lee.

Turbulent years
During the Battle of Singapore, the school's clock tower, for its height and vantage point, served as a headquarters for the Allied defenders and later for the Imperial Japanese Army during the Japanese occupation of Singapore. The school also served as a temporary concentration camp to detain people for examination during the Sook Ching massacre. After the war, the school resumed its predominant Chinese education.

In the 1950s and 1960s, during periods of civil unrest in Singapore, many students, teachers and alumni participated in or led the anti-colonial riots. A number of students were arrested by police during the riots, and some were expelled by the school. On 13 May 1953, TCHS students made an impromptu march to the Singapore city centre in protest over arrests of their fellow schoolmates. They subsequently barricaded themselves at the TCHS campus, and were soon caught in violent confrontations with the police. The situation was finally defused after the Chairman of the Board of Directors, Lee Kong Chian, flew back from London and mediated a resolution between student leaders and the police.

In 1961, another major demonstration occurred when Secondary Four students refused to sit for government examinations, when it was announced Singapore would switch to the "four-two" system, where the national examination was moved to be after the completion of four years of secondary education. Singapore schools including TCHS had previously utilised the "three-three" system. In 1967, a group of students attacked then-Vice Principal Teh Kim Fatt on the campus, prompting then-Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew to visit him in the hospital. Teh would later become Principal, but resigned in February 1972 over discourse with the student population.

The national trend in Singapore was that schools began pursuing English as the medium of education. As workplaces switched to English as working language, a Chinese education became greatly devalued. In fact, it was reported that job applicants preferred to show their 'O' Level certificates, rather than present a university degree from Chinese-medium universities such as Nanyang University. This contributed to a slide in TCHS' fortunes, and it was reported the school, like many other Chinese-medium schools, had been on the brink of closure. According to Tooh Fee San, then a sitting board member on the Ministry of Education's sports board, "nobody bothered to listen...to the reports from Hwa Zhong". On 12 December 1978, Tooh became TCHS' new Principal, and he would be in charge for the introduction of the Special Assistance Plan.

Transformation
Upon the appointment of Tooh as Principal in 1978, The Chinese High School became one of the first nine schools to be part of the Special Assistance Plan. The Ministry of Education conceived the SAP as a means of providing assistance to struggling Chinese-medium schools. Under the SAP, key subjects such as mathematics and science were to be taught in English, in line with the rest of the nation, while some other subjects such as music and art could still be taught in Chinese.

Tooh also turned his focus on raising school morale, and chose the poem "Whole River Red" (满江红), written by the famed general Yue Fei, to be sung by the school population. During Tooh's tenure, TCHS emerged as the dominant force in the school track-and-field scene. In most years, TCHS was able to sweep both the 'B' and 'C' divisions of the track-and-field competition, and was often the only school to send all its students to the National Stadium to support school athletes.

In 1987, the school was granted the status of an independent school by the Ministry of Education and proceeded to implement changes to its curriculum that were unprecedented in other Singapore schools. The changes include the abolition of mid-year examinations in favour of camping trips for the school, as well as the introduction of numerous enrichment programmes in place of lessons.

In the early 1990s, the school underwent an extensive renovation, which saw the construction of a new hall, named after the school's founder, a gymnasium, a renovated clock tower block and new classrooms. A Drama Centre was also constructed, catering to the school's performing arts groups. In the late 1990s, the school embarked on a consortium scheme to improve the quality of education for students. It started with the establishment of the Quest and Aphelion consortiums, followed by ProEd and Radix. In 2000, the iSpark consortium was set up for students in the Gifted Education Programme (GEP). In 2002, Quest and Radix merged to form the Ortus consortium.

On 19th March 1999, the school's clock tower was gazetted as a national monument to mark the significance of the institution as the first Chinese medium school to be built in Southeast Asia to cater to the education of overseas Chinese. Two days later, on 21st March, the school held a large dinner in front of the Clock Tower in celebration of TCHS' 80th anniversary of founding. At the dinner, which was attended by alumnus and then-President Ong Teng Cheong, a statue of school founder Tan Kah Kee was erected. The same year, Tooh retired as the longest-serving Principal in TCHS history, having been Principal for 21 years. He was succeeded by Koh Yong Chiah, who was then succeeded by Hon Chiew Weng in 2002.

Merger
On 1 January 2005, The Chinese High School merged with Hwa Chong Junior College to form Hwa Chong Institution. The new institution retains the Chinese name and the logo of The Chinese High School. Along with the merger, a six-year Integrated Programme is introduced in collaboration with Nanyang Girls' High School. The new scheme, which integrates four years of high school education and two years of pre-university education, allows students to skip the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level examination (typically taken by students in secondary four) and proceed to take the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced Level examination at the end of the programme.

Achievements
The Chinese High School had been consistently ranked among the top four schools according to the Ministry of Education's annual official rankings. Each year, the school attracted the best performing 3% of the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) cohort.

The school was also the first one in Singapore to initiate the Integrated Programme. It is the current high-school section in Hwa Chong Institution. The college section of the institution is the former Hwa Chong Junior College, a co-educational sister school.

Covering an area of 79 acres (320,000 m2), it was one of the largest high schools in Southeast Asia in terms of land area. Other educational institutions that stand on the school's grounds include the former Hwa Chong Junior College and the Singapore Institute of Management.

title: The Chinese High School (Singapore)


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Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico

The Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico (PUPR) (commonly referred as Poly or La Poly in Spanish) is a private university in San Juan, Puerto Rico. PUPR offers technical degrees with a special focus on engineering professions.

History
Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico (PUPR) is a private non-profit institution specializing in Engineering, Architecture, Land Surveying and Geomatics, and Business Administration. The main campus is located in the island's financial district which is the very core of metropolitan San Juan. The university also has a virtual campus that offers online degrees as well as two satellite locations in Florida, a campus in Miami and another in Orlando.

Academics
Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico (PUPR) is a private non-profit institution granting degrees in engineering, architecture, landscape architecture, land surveying and geomatics, and business administration. It is located in San Juan, Puerto Rico's largest city. Among institutions of higher learning in the United States and its territories, the Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico graduates the second largest number of Hispanic engineers. Today, more than 40% of the graduating engineers in Puerto Rico are alumni of the Polytechnic University. Currently, there are nearly 6,000 students at the San Juan campus.

PUPR is accredited by the Council of Higher Education of Puerto Rico, Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB), the Landscape Architectural Accreditation Board (LAAB) and the International Assembly for Collegiate Business Education (IACBE). In addition, several of PUPR's engineering programs are accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET).

Engineering college description and special characteristics
PUPR is the largest private Hispanic engineering school in all of the United States and Puerto Rico and the only engineering school in the metropolitan area of San Juan. Since its inception, PUPR has graduated approximately 4,500 Hispanic engineers and surveyors.

Currently, the College of Engineering is 80% of the total PUPR undergraduate enrollment with 4,566 students. This enrollment will rank PUPR on the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) enrollment in engineering survey as the 20th largest engineering college in the U.S. and its territories.

title: Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico


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1982, Janine

1982, Janine is a novel by the Scottish author Alasdair Gray. His second, it was published in 1984, and remains his most controversial work. Its use of pornography as a narrative device attracted much criticism, although others, including Gray himself, consider it his best work.

Plot summary
The novel is narrated by Jock McLeish, a supervisor of the installation of alarm systems. Divorced, alcoholic and approaching fifty, his problems coalesce in a long night of the soul in a hotel room in Peebles or Selkirk.

McLeish attempts to spend the night assembling an intricate pornographic fantasy. His cast of characters includes: Janine, based on a childhood memory of Jane Russell in The Outlaw; Superb (short for Superbitch); and Big Momma, an obese lesbian. All of these are submitted to sadomasochistic practices, parts of which are described at some length. However, McLeish constantly returns to reminiscences of his previous life and lovers. These prompt his attempted suicide. Chapter 11 of the novel is a typographical explosion, with the text splitting into several parallel voices on each page (including that of God). The crisis concludes with McLeish vomiting up the pills which he had hoped would kill him, and facing the truth of his actions as morning dawns.

Literary significance & criticism
On the first hardback and paperback editions, Gray wrote that "This already dated novel is set inside the head of an ageing, divorced, alcoholic, insomniac supervisor of security installations who is tippling in the bedroom of a small Scottish hotel. Though full of depressing memories and propaganda for the Conservative Party it is mainly a sadomasochistic fetishistic fantasy. Even the arrival of God in the later chapters fails to elevate the tone. Every stylistic excess and moral defect which critics conspired to ignore in the author's first books, Lanark and Unlikely Stories, Mostly, is to be found here in concentrated form." In a 2000 interview, Gray said "When writing the pornographic parts of 1982, Janine I was deliberately shocking myself. Though I think it my best novel I cannot now reread it - I'm back to being as old fashioned as I was before imagining it."

1982, Janine polarised critics like few other novels in modern literary history. The paperback edition of the novel concludes with an appendix of criticism of the work, both for and against. Critics praising the work included Jonathan Baumbach in The New York Times ("1982 Janine has a verbal energy, an intensity of vision") and William Boyd in the Times Literary Supplement ("His style is limpid and classically elegant"). The Boyd quotation is juxtaposed with one from Paul Ableman in The Literary Review criticising the "irritating mannerisms". Peter Levi on the BBC called the book "Radioactive hogwash", while Joe Ambrose of the Irish Sunday Tribune (who has expressed virulently critical views on many of Gray's books) called the author "a vainglorious lout" and "a profoundly reactionary penman". J.A. McArdle, in the Irish Independent wrote: "I have read reviews of these books which makes me suspect that the commentators had never read them. 1982, Janine is not pornography but a thoughtful and sad study of the human predicament; to be trapped in a world where the little man, woman or country will always be exploited by the big bullies."

In an introduction to the 2003 Canongate Classic edition, Will Self argues that the controversial pornographic fantasies illustrate McLeish's repression of his past real love affairs, reflect his reactionary political stance, and show the effects of his childhood experiences. McLeish's linking of sex with the idea of "homecoming" originates in his difficult relationship with his mother.

Self also notes the significance of the title, 1982 being "a point at which Scotland could be said to have reached just one of its many nadirs". This lowpoint included the destruction of the coal industry which had employed McLeish's father, under a Conservative government of which McLeish is a supporter.

Dave Langford reviewed 1982, Janine for White Dwarf #55, and stated that "God and several SF themes make guest appearances, and there's a chapter of the most boggling typography since early Alfred Bester. This one knocked me flat."

title: 1982, Janine


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Willem II

Willem II may refer to:

People

 * William II, Prince of Orange (1626–1650), stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands
 * William II of the Netherlands (1792–1849), King of the Netherlands

Other uses

 * Willem II (football club), a Dutch football club
 * Willem II (women), the women's division of the above club, active 2007–2011
 * Willem II–Gazelle, a professional cycling team active between 1966 and 1970
 * A Dutch brand of cigars

title: Willem II


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Hem

A hem in sewing is a garment finishing method, where the edge of a piece of cloth is folded and sewn to prevent unravelling of the fabric and to adjust the length of the piece in garments, such as at the end of the sleeve or the bottom of the garment.

Methods
There are many different styles of hems of varying complexities. The most common hem folds up a cut edge, folds it up again, and then sew it down. The style of hemming thus completely encloses the cut edge in cloth, so that it cannot unravel. Other hem styles use fewer folds. One of the simplest hems encloses the edge of cloth with a stitch without any folds at all, using a method called an overcast stitch, although an overcast stitch may be used to finish a folded "plain hem" as well.

There are even hems that do not call for sewing, instead using iron-on materials, netting, plastic clips, or other fasteners. These threadless hems are not common, and are often used only on a temporary basis.

The hem may be sewn down with a line of invisible stitches or blind stitch, or sewn down by a sewing machine. The term hem is also extended to other cloth treatments that prevent unraveling. Hems can be serged (see serger), hand rolled and then sewn down with tiny stitches (still seen as a high-class finish to handkerchiefs), pinked with pinking shears, piped, covered with binding (this is known as a Hong Kong finish), or made with many other inventive treatments.

Most haute couture hems are sewn by hand. Decorative embroidery embellishment is sometimes referred to as a hem-stitch design.

Types of hems and hem stitches
A variety of hem types exist because there are so many different fabric types and garment styles. Common types of hems include:
 * Double-folded hem
 * Overlocked and folded hem
 * Rolled hem
 * Bias tape hem
 * Blind hem

Hems of different depths (which includes the seam allowance) may have a particular style to achieve, which requires more or less fabric depending upon the style. A handkerchief-style edge requires a hem allowance of 0.6 cm. A typical skirt or pant hem may be 5–7.6 cm. The hem's depth affects the way the fabric of the finished fabric will drape. Heavier fabric requires a relatively shorter hem. An interface fabric sewn to the fabric in the hem has a useful function in some hem styles. A bias strip is sometimes used as a hem interface. This adds fullness to the finished garment and reduce wrinkling.

The hem stitches that are commonly used for hand-sewn hems include: pick stitch; catch stitch (also called a herringbone stitch); slip stitch; and blind stitch.

Sewing machines can make a stitch that appears nearly invisible by using a blind-stitch setting and a blind stitch foot. Blind-stitches are commonly used to finish hems of applique designs on fabric. Modern sewing machines designed for home use can make many decorative or functional stitches, so the number of possible hem treatments is large. These home-use machines can also sew a reasonable facsimile of a hem-stitch, though the stitches will usually be larger and more visible.

Clothing factories and professional tailors use a "blind hemmer", or hemming machine, which sews an invisible stitch quickly and accurately. A blind hemmer sews a chain stitch, using a bent needle, which can be set precisely enough to actually sew through one and a half thicknesses of the hemmed fabric. A rolled hem presser foot on a sewing machine enables quick and easy hemming even by home sewers.

Heavy material with deep hems may be hemmed with what is called a dressmaker's hem—an extra line of loose running stitch is added in the middle of the hem, so that all the weight of the cloth does not hang from one line of stitching.

Hem repair
Hem repair tape is a type of non-woven fusible interfacing available as a continuous, thin length. It is designed for use as an alternative solution to sewing or fixing a hem. To affect a fix, the hem repair tape is laid around the inside of the hem. It is then ironed on a high heat; the heat causes the tape to bond the two surfaces together.

title: Hem


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Contour crafting

Contour crafting is a building printing technology being researched by Behrokh Khoshnevis of the University of Southern California's Information Sciences Institute (in the Viterbi School of Engineering) that uses a computer-controlled crane or gantry to build edifices rapidly and efficiently with substantially less manual labor. It was originally conceived as a method to construct molds for industrial parts. Khoshnevis decided to adapt the technology for rapid home construction as a way to rebuild after natural disasters, like the devastating earthquakes that have plagued his native Iran.

Using a quick-setting, concrete-like material, contour crafting forms the house's walls layer by layer until topped off by floors and ceilings set in place by the crane. The notional concept calls for the insertion of structural components, plumbing, wiring, utilities, and even consumer devices like audiovisual systems as the layers are built.

History
Caterpillar Inc. provided funding to help support Viterbi project research in the summer of 2008.

In 2009, Singularity University graduate students established a project with Khoshnevis as the CTO to commercialize Contour Crafting. The project was named "ACASA".

In 2010, Khoshnevis claimed that his system could build a complete home in a single day, and its electrically powered crane would produce very little construction material waste.

Construction of a standard wood-framed house is estimated to create an average of 3-7 tons of waste. Use of contour crafting could significantly reduce environmental impact as it wastes no material at all. In addition, contour crafting does not generate noise, dust or make harmful emissions to the environment given the equipment that is used.

Khoshnevis stated in 2010 that NASA was evaluating Contour Crafting for its application in the construction of bases on Mars and the Moon. After three years, in 2013, NASA funded a small study at the University of Southern California to further develop the Contour Crafting 3D printing technique. Potential applications of this technology include constructing lunar structures of a material that could be built of 90-percent lunar material with only ten percent of the material transported from Earth.

In 2017 the Contour Crafting Corporation (of which Khoshnevis is the CEO) announced a partnership with and investment from Doka Ventures. In the press release, they claim that they "will start delivery of the first printers early next year".

title: Contour crafting


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Talk:Fritillaria

Move
I'm thinking this page should be moved to Fritillaria and Fritillary should be about the class of Butterflies (Brush-footed butterfly) or at least a disambiguation. --Chinasaur 10:16, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Webster 1913 dictionary says that the "Argynnis and allied genera" of butterflies are "so called because the coloring of their wings resembles that of the common Fritillaria". I think a disambiguation note at the top will be sufficient. --Joy [shallot]   14:04, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Huh, I had no idea; probably be nice to add that tidbit into the butterfly article. I still think the term is more common referring to the butterflies nowadays, but I don't know for sure and this solution is okay with me.  Thanks!  --Chinasaur 16:44, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * If it makes you feel better, mariposa lillies, from the genus Calochortus, a close relative of Fritillaria, were named after mariposa, the Spanish word for butterfly.

title: Talk:Fritillaria


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Giuliano Zaccardelli

Giuliano Zaccardelli (born c. 1947) is an Italian-born Canadian retired police officer who served as the 20th commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) from 2000 to 2006. His departure from the RCMP was linked to the force's involvement in the Maher Arar affair. Zaccardelli was later impugned during inquiries into irregularities in the management of the RCMP's pension and insurance fund. He subsequently became a senior official with Interpol in Lyon, France, heading its OASIS Africa program, which aims to help African police forces more effectively combat international crime.

Life and career
Zaccardelli was born in Prezza, Italy, and immigrated to Canada at age seven.

He joined the RCMP in 1970 and was posted to St. Paul, Alberta, following recruit training. He was transferred to Toronto in 1974, and then in 1981 to Calgary. He became an officer in 1986 and served in Ottawa and New Brunswick.

In 1993, Zaccardelli became Chief Superintendent in charge of Criminal Operations in Quebec. In 1995, he was promoted to Assistant Commissioner, then to Deputy Commissioner in 1998, responsible for National Headquarters. In 1999, he became the Deputy Commissioner, Organized Crime and Operational Policy. From 2 September 2000 to 15 December 2006, he served as the 20th Commissioner of the RCMP. He presided over the RCMP during changes made to Canada's policing, security and military apparatus after 11 September 2001. Prior to his departure, he collected numerous Canadian honours and two foreign honours.

Income trust file
In late 2005, the status of income trusts was uncertain. After the close of the markets on 23 November 2005, Finance Minister Ralph Goodale made a surprise announcement that the government would not tax the trusts, and would instead cut dividend taxes. This made trusts and dividend paying stocks even from a taxation perspective. The markets rallied in the hours leading up to the announcement by the government allegedly due to leaks. During the following days, the S&P/TSX Composite Index reached a new five-year high. The day's biggest gainers were income trusts, income-trust candidates, high dividend-paying companies, and the TSX Group itself. The minority Liberal government of Paul Martin fell to a motion of no confidence on 28 November 2005. An election campaign for a 23 January 2006 election began the next day. Near the end of December, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police announced a criminal investigation into the leaking of news of a federal tax change for income trusts. The announcement came in the form of a letter from Zaccardelli to New Democratic Party Member of Parliament Judy Wasylycia-Leis. The RCMP came under criticism for announcing the probe during the campaign. The matter was investigated by the Commission for Public Complaints Against the RCMP (CPC), the external review body of RCMP members' conduct. The report of the commissioner concluded that there was no evidence to suggest Zaccardelli deliberately meddled with the electoral process. The chair of the CPC judged Zaccardelli and other RCMP members having acted in an inappropriate manner by not cooperating with the external investigation.

Maher Arar file
Zaccardelli's role in the affair of computer engineer, Maher Arar had been the subject of intense speculation and controversy. Arar, a Canadian citizen who was born in Syria, was stopped at a New York airport on his way home from a vacation in September 2002. United States officials accused him of links to al-Qaeda and deported him to Syria, where he was imprisoned and tortured for months. The decision to deport Arar was said to be based on inaccurate and misleading information provided by the RCMP that suggested Arar was linked to the militants. Members of the House of Commons Committee on Public Safety and National Security have called Zaccardelli's testimony in this matter "contradictory", with Liberal MP Mark Holland saying "We've now got Mr. Zaccardelli in my opinion perjuring himself before a parliamentary committee." The contradictions were with respect to what he knew at the time and what he told government ministers. Zaccardelli resigned from his post as Commissioner on 6 December, effective 15 December 2006. Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced in the House of Commons that Zaccardelli had resigned. "Today, Commissioner Zaccardelli submitted his resignation to me and I have accepted it," Harper said. "The commissioner has indicated to me that it would be in the best interests of the RCMP to have new leadership as this great organization faces challenges in the future." Zaccardelli became the first commissioner in the history of the RCMP to be forced to resign because of controversy.

Before Zaccardelli's resignation, on 28 September 2006, he issued an apology to Arar and his family during the House of Commons committee on public safety and national security: "Mr. Arar, I wish to take this opportunity to express publicly to you and to your wife and to your children how truly sorry I am for whatever part the actions of the RCMP may have contributed to the terrible injustices that you experienced and the pain that you and your family endured."

Arar thanked Commissioner Zaccardelli for his apology but lamented the lack of concrete disciplinary action against those individuals whose actions led to his detention and subsequent torture.

RCMP's pension and insurance plans
In March 2007, RCMP officers testified before the Public Accounts Committee that they had grave questions about the handling of the funds and that they believed senior officers were to blame. They alleged fund misappropriation and nepotism and that senior RCMP management covered up the problems. In testimony before the committee, Zaccardelli rejected accusations that he was involved in a cover up of alleged irregularities, fraud and abuse involving the RCMP's pension and insurance plans.

Honours
Zaccardelli was awarded the following medals and commendations during his policing career:

title: Giuliano Zaccardelli


text:
Talk:Basil of Ostrog

Untitled
Second paragraph of the text is copyvio of http://www.njegos.org/orthodoxy/hagiog.htm. If someone considers it important, please don't remove it, I am quite certain that I could obtain a permission. Nikola 10:17, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 16:12, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

 * okay that's fine The kirk right (talk) 10:46, 13 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Basil of Ostrog


text:
Wikipedia talk:List of Wikipedians by number of edits/Archive 1

Page generation
See: Wikipedia talk:Wikipedians by number of edits/scripts

Summary

 * Many of the early wikipedians' edits got lost in software switches.
 * This table does not show who is most important. A troublemaker with a bot could rank high (theoretically).
 * This table *does* show who needs to "get out more"
 * Wikipedians desire a similar page but limited to the previous month/week/year/etc.
 * Wikipedians desire a similar page showing changes in rank.
 * Wikipedians want this page updated frequently.
 * Wikipedians want a similar page by number of bytes — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ram-Man (talk • contribs) 03:26, 9 August 2003 (UTC)

Discussion
Interesting page. Generated with an SQL query?

Also, this brings up the issue again: who are the active contributors? Certainly not all the user accounts. I guess there's no point in deleting the ones not being used? Or is there? --KQ

Two SQL queries actually, since I do not know enough SQL to know whether it is possible to check the current and the old ones at once. After that I added the numbers up by hand, and used Unix 'sort' to get them in the right order.

As for deleting unused user accounts: I could imagine there would be some use in it, as it would free up the username for a new user. However, such things get important only when we have ten thousands rather than hundreds of users, I think. Andre Engels

It would be very interesting to find out who has made contributions in the last six months say... that would tell you who has probably lost interest in the project and those old accounts could be deleted in a giant housecleaning expedition. KJ

107. It's a rude awakening. But at least I am better than Larry Sanger ;-))

These counts are from the database, which didn't exist until the installation of Magnus's Phase II software. It therefore undercounts those who contributed to the project in its early days--Larry Sanger, Tim Shell, me, Magnus, and probably others. --LDC
 * Including me. :-P  (but, really, all that cut-n-paste of CIA info etc. probably shouldn't be counted.)  --KQ

A more interesting query might be "Most active in the last month" (or other similar time period)... -- Khendon
 * Yes, I agree. THat would be cool too.  --KQ 20:09 Sep 21, 2002 (UTC)

Hmm, I'm on the list two times, as IPs and 'myself' (possibly three times (one .xxx)). If I combine all three I leap up to 21st, how sad. User:TwoOneTwo
 * I'm on the list twice too. Emphasizes how little I leave the house, I guess.  --KQ

 * I've modified my script to combine some usernames. See below for the script & full list. --Brion 22:57 Sep 21, 2002 (UTC)

- Hmm. Shortly after I joined the project in January I recall hearing that Larry Sanger hit 5000 edits. Yet his total on this list is less than half that. Did UseMod and the conversion miss over half of Larry's edits or am I not remembering things correctly? --mav
 * UseMod scrapped the history of an article after a few weeks, keeping only the most recent revisions. He should definitely be higher on the list.  --KQ 21:33 Sep 21, 2002 (UTC)

-

What gives? I hit diff on Recent Changes for this subject page and got this error instantly;

Fatal error: Maximum execution time of 30 seconds exceeded in /usr/local/apache/htdocs/w/DifferenceEngine.php on line 371

 * I don't get it instantly, I get it after waiting 30 seconds. --Brion 23:06 Sep 21, 2002 (UTC)

Except for Helga (H. Jonat), no one with 1,000 or more contributions to their name has had any trouble with NPOV violations or edit wars. (Okay, I am probably biased in favor of myself; if I'm a troublemaker, I'm blissfully unaware of this. :-)

So we can state as a general rule that it takes a thousand contributions to get the hang of NPOV. This rule shall henceforth be known as "Poor's Law of Neutrality". Now don't everyone make a fuss over me. A small statue would be okay, or an endowed chair in my name will suffice... --Ed Poor

"75 Quercusrobur 1220"- Oh God, a brutal reminder that I really must get out more often.... quercus robur

Am I calculating the user contribution count wrong? Larry Sanger's entries seem to have shrunk. --Cousin Eddie

The old list included statistics for various IP Addresses and ranges. I wonder why that wasn't added to this one. In any case, we have 84 accounts with more than 1,000 edits, which is pretty impressive. Given that some of the post-1,000 edits from September were IP Address ranges, there has been a good amount of growth. I just wish I would have created a rambot account earlier so I'd know the difference. Oh well. -- Ram-Man

Are you sure you did this right Ed? I thought for sure I've cut-back on my Wikipedia contribs in the last two and a half months, and yet I have nearly 7 thousand more edits. Andre's numbers and many other's also look inflated. --mav

Mav, you're a beast of burden! -- RM

 * Yep - I guess I'm editing in my sleep. Oh, that's right, I only sleep 5 hours a day due to Wikipedia. I wish I was like Batman and was able to only sleep 2 hours a day - think of all the extra edits I would get in! ;-) I'm hopeless and I fear you are in the same boat now. --mav

 * I'm not sure whether to feel relieved or envious that I've fallen from 10th to 14th place. On the other hand, I'd win a count of CVS commits to the software hands-down. ;) --Brion 23:12 Dec 10, 2002 (UTC)

 * Yes. CVS commits are at least as important as regular wiki edits. Perhaps a most active developer list is in order? We couldn't make any edits without the software. --mav

 * Nonsense -- some post-it notes, a little xeroxing, and the USPS would do wonders. It would just be, um, slower and more expensive. --Brion 23:46 Dec 10, 2002 (UTC)

 * LOL I would love to see somebody try to pull that off! --mav

Mav, one point of worry or relief (however you view it): You are not number 2 in number of edits between the previous list and this one... Here are the accounts with over 3000 edits between September 21 and December 10 (number of edits on previous list, number of edits on this list, difference):

1. RamMan               677 ( 90)  44654 ( 1)  43977 2. Olivier             1593 ( 45)   8732 ( 7)   7137 3. maveric149         13956 (  1)  20004 ( 2)   6148 4. Andre Engels        7405 (  2)  12281 ( 3)   4876 5. Tokerboy            1677 ( 40)   6423 (10)   4746 6. Lir                  ---         4271 (19)  >4034 7. Rambot               ---         4203 (21)  >3966 8. Renata               489 (114)   4209 (20)   3720 9. Derek Ross          1631 ( 44)   4503 (18)   2872 10. Ed Poor             6086 (  6)   8957 ( 6)   2871 11. Tarquin             3872 ( 12)   6378 (12)   2506 12. Zoe                 3982 ( 11)   6367 (13)   2385 13. KoyaanisQatsi       7150 (  4)   9420 ( 4)   2270 14. Tzartzam             ---         2275 (42)  >2038 15. Axel Boldt          7348 (  3)   9386 ( 5)   2038 16. Isis                2766 ( 21)   4794 (16)   2028 17. Damian Yerrick       ---         2091 (50)  >1854

--- are accounts/people who were not on the previous list; they had at most 237 edits at that time. Andre Engels 23:59 Dec 10, 2002 (UTC)

 * Thanks. Although 6,000+ still seems like a lot. --mav

 * Hmmm.. You do a lot of editing though. That time period above is almost the entire length of time i've been a part of wikipedia (minus the 677 from the first couple of weeks).  Now I have a hard time estimating it, but I would estimate the number of non-bot edits i've done would be somewhere around 6,000 +/- 2,000.  And you do a lot of manual edits! -- Ram-Man

 * Arghhhh! #2 after RamMan!! Even though a big part of my edits are minor ones, that's a lot. Maybe it's time fo me to keep my Wikipedia time under control... olivier 08:39 Dec 11, 2002 (UTC)

 * There is no way to control it. I thought I had things under control but I actually increased my edit rate! Wikipedia has me in it clutches. There is no hope! ;-) --mav

 * Oliver, if it makes you feel worse, I probably would be only #2 or #3 in the above list if you took out the bot edits. So basically you have been most active in the last couple of months. -- Ram-Man

 * Oh, you mean Olivier! Phew, you had me confused for a moment there - I thought you were talking to me! :) But of course, I'm only at at no. 162 on the main chart, with my measly 436 edits. I know, I'm far too lazy... -- Oliver PEREIRA 03:51 Dec 12, 2002 (UTC)

 * RamMan, I already knew!!! :-( olivier 06:03 Dec 12, 2002 (UTC)

--

Could someone update the list? I don't know how. 01/20/03

172

-- I understand that it lists cumulative activity over time, not current activity. It still needs to be updated though, being complied last over a month ago. 172

 * Leave a message on User talk:Ed Poor or User talk:Brion VIBBER. They have DB access and can run the query. ---Eloquence 12:30 Jan 20, 2003 (UTC)

Thanks for updating this, whoever did it, but damn it! I've gone down! Now only 166th... I must stop pottering about and actually write some stuff... -- Oliver PEREIRA 00:11 Jan 21, 2003 (UTC)
 * You get more hits with pottering about than with writing one good article, unless you save a lot. Some people ahead of you on the list got there by doing both, saving one comma at a time. BTW, do talk pages count? Ortolan88

 * Yes, this includes _all_ edits ever made on this wiki (minus those made to deleted pages which can no longer be counted). It's "most active Wikipedians", not "most productive Wikipedians". ;) --Brion 03:35 Jan 21, 2003 (UTC)

If ex-users Lir and Vera Cruz are the same person, that would put them at #11! --Uncle Ed
 * See Brion's comment immediately above. That comma-adder, Koyaanis Qatsi

I'm User:Tzartzam and User:Sam Francis -- so that puts me well into the top hundred.... :S -- Sam 18:21 Jan 23, 2003 (UTC)

 * If you like, I can reassign your old edits to your current user account. Or, I can have the script that generates this list combine them just for counting purposes. --Brion 18:46 Jan 23, 2003 (UTC)

- You should count activity in all wikipedias with database (that would get me quite a bit :) ) Actually, just kidding. --AN 19:06 Jan 23, 2003 (UTC)
 * Add the mailing lists to that! :-)) Eclecticology

I still like the idea of having a list of most active in the past month. That would take care of the inactive users. In the past month I've done less than 300 edits, but I still have 1st place. The active per month would be nice to know. -- RM

Psst, I don't suppose anyone wants to update this page again, do they? I want to see if I've gone up yet. :) -- Oliver P. 16:18 Feb 22, 2003 (UTC)

Yes i think it is time to updtae this list again, but i think i have gone down :-( -fonzy

 * I really hope I'm going up... I've done 50 edits already today, and it's only just gone 04:00 in the morning... :) -- Oliver P. 04:01 Mar 2, 2003 (UTC)

Does anyone have a script? I can run Perl, Python or Ruby scripts. -- Taku 04:24 Mar 2, 2003 (UTC)

There's a perl script further up on this very page, but it might need updating... You need to know which usernames belong to the same person, and so on... which I suppose means finding out all all Lir's pseudonyms, which may be quite a huge task in itself... ;) -- Oliver P.

This still has not been updated. -fonzy

While the list should be updated because old data is misleading, but do we really need this kind of list? The table simply says number of updates which means really nothing. For example, my rank probably goes up only because several times I just put ja interlanguage link, which should not be considered decent contributions. Sure we want to give correct credit for those who truly contributed wikipedia just like other encyclopedias do. But mere number of changes mean almost nothing. thus, why don't we simply aboundan this table? -- Taku 01:58 Mar 9, 2003 (UTC)
 * Not at all. It's a fun list. I like seeing how well I'm doing. Eclecticology 04:33 Mar 9, 2003 (UTC)

I've just updated the list. And hurray, I've actually gone up this time! I haven't quite made it to 2,000 edits yet, but last time I hadn't even got to 1,000.

Anyway, I edited Brion's perl script above to add the following equivalences:-

 * "Tzartzam" => "Sam Francis",
 * "Tokerboy" => "TUF-KAT",
 * "Tucci528" => "TUF-KAT"

Are there any others we should be aware of? I decided to ignore the Lir = Vera Cruz = Susan Mason controversy for an easy life. :) By the way, as a point of trivia, this is the first time I've ever edited and run a perl script. I'm learning perl at the moment, but hadn't got round to trying it out in practice... I don't really understand it all, but I trust Brion to have got it right. :) -- Oliver P. 07:09 Mar 10, 2003 (UTC)

Its amazing i have gone up :-) - fonzy

Anyone want to update again? -fonzy

--- I agree with fonzy. It's time to update this list.

172

 * It would also be interesting to see the results if this were run at Wiktionary. ☮ Eclecticology 23:55 Apr 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * -), this still hasn;t been updates though, btw Ec, your the "MAV" of wiktionary :-). -fonzy

-- Rambot 32319 vs Maveric149 31807

 * Yikes! Since this was updated two months ago I guess that means that I've passed-up Rambot! --mav 11:00 May 10, 2003 (UTC)

You prob have passed the Conversion script too by now -fonzy, and i wish someone would update this. -fonzy

 * I hope nobody starts to think I'm a bot... --mav

 * I do not believe artificial intelligence is this sophisticated yet. --Menchi 08:49 May 13, 2003 (UTC)

I think a mention of the vast numbers of edits and added content by anonymous and/vagrant editors is entirely appropriate here. Let us give credit where credit is due... Martin

 * And this list does have IP numbers in it. The sentence stated that the collective mass of anonymous users are one user called "Anon". Yet this list has individual users. You simply can't compare the two. --mav

Martin makes a good point that can be used for promotional purposes. We want the general public involved, including those people whose only edit may have been to fix a simple obvious typo. A statement saying that xxx edits have been made by other signed-in users, and yyy edits have been made by anonymous users would promote the idea that we are a People's Encyclopædia. ☮ Eclecticology 15:46 May 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * That sounds like a cool stat but Martin's previous sentence was just plain wrong (however good the intent). --mav

 * I was merely anthropomorphising all the anonymous Wikipedia contributors into a single figure by the name of "anon", just as Britannia anthropomorphises the collective population of Great Britain. To claim that such a metaphor is "wrong" is to fail to appreciate the anti-realist approach taken by much of what I write... :-) Martin

It's been two months since this list has been updated. 172
 * Indeed, Frecklefoot, the last ranking user is at 773, but the page still says 634! MB 19:36 15 May 2003 (UTC)

Okay, okay, I'll do it. Who else do I need to add to the list of equivalences? -- Oliver P. 15:49 25 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Hmm, no-one it seems. Time for the update? Pcb21 13:26 31 May 2003 (UTC)

Well, there are people. It's just that no-one has bothered to reply... I have:
 * "Anonymous56789" => "LittleDan",
 * "BigFatBuddha" => "º¡º",
 * "Vera Cruz" => "Lir",
 * "Susan Mason" => "Lir",
 * "Dietary Fiber" => "Lir",
 * "Shino Baku" => "Lir",
 * "Like a Virgin" => "Lir",
 * "Ril" => "Lir",
 * "Zxcvb" => "Lir",

Any others? Yes, okay, I'm stalling for time, because I haven't got to grips with the Perl script yet. Last time I tried running it, it gave loads of error messages, and made º¡º's post count go down when I added his alias, so I'm completely confused and putting off thinking about it until after my exams... -- Oliver P. 13:38 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

200
It says there are "200 Wikipedians" in the first line, but there are only 197. The list only goes up to 199, which includings a bot and the conversion script used months ago. --Menchi 10:19 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

well 198, people who have tied share joint place, you will notce that 2 ppl at the time shared 199th place. -fonzy PS please someone update this.

If someone tells me how to query the database, I would be more than happy to update this by hand untill the script is working. MB 14:11 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Select "Query the database" from the list of special pages in the dropdown menu on the top of the screen. --Eloquence 14:14 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * The perl script above says that you should save the results of a query in variables cur and old, how do you do this? I am not familiar with perl.  MB 14:20 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Well, you would have to save the output and feed it the format in some way. No idea which format it likes, I didn't write it and the person who did didn't bother to document it in any way. It might want the MySQL dump format which, AFAIK, you can only produce easily with direct access to the database and not through the web interface. Now you know why this thing doesn't get updated :-) --Eloquence 14:26 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I did the 2 query's listed in the perl script above, but they returned mostly ip addresses, and didn't resemble a list of top users at all. Any suggestions?  MB 14:41 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

What the Querey does is gives aliost of all the users/ip addresses and teh number of edits, so bascily you just ave to put them in order of most edits then cut the list at 200. -fonzy

 * Fine, but when I did the query, most of the ip's that showed up were 1 edit and such. MB 19:58 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

yes as dial ups ips change all the time, so a person on 1 ip address will do 1 edit then their may not be another edit on that ip address for a long long time. -fonzy

 * Fine, but how do all these 1 person edits returned from the query get turned into what is currently the Most active Wikipedians page? MB 20:09 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * You need login access to get the raw SQL dump for the Perl program to work its magic on. It's pretty much only something developers can do. -- John Owens 21:29 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

No, no. Any sysop can do it. You can go to the SQL query page, and type in the two SQL queries mentioned in the comment lines in the Perl script, and the output from those queries is then the input to the Perl script. Oh, except that you have to change the "100" (in "LIMIT 100") to some really big number in order to get all the edits. (I expect that's what went wrong with MB's attempt.) I did the last update, and I'm not a developer. Which is fortunate for everyone concerned. :) Unfortunately, I ran the Perl script without checking for warning messages when I did the last update, and this time when I ran it with the warning messages turned on, loads of warnings appeared. So now I'm not feeling confident enough to trust the output any more... Would someone who knows more about Perl than I do like to volunteer to work out what's going on...? -- Oliver P. 00:59 3 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Note: I've just added the "LIMIT" thingy and the extra equivalence thingies to Brion's perl script above. -- Oliver P. 01:06 3 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I knew that, mostly, but I simplified a bit, maybe too much. I wasn't sure setting a limit greater than 100 would work, and I wasn't sure about the output being in a format where copying it into a file for the Perl to work on. Now, lemme see about the syntax, then.... -- John Owens 15:36 3 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Oliver, how did you capture the output from the sql queries for the perl script? Copy and paste?  If so, what?  If not what?  WHAT!?  :)  MB 15:55 3 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I've tried it out without a high limit, since I don't want to abuse the database that badly during its busier hours, and it looks like it could be copied & pasted from the tables you get back. I'll try it with the high limit later tonight. I think I've got ideas why it would give warnings, too; for instance, try using "if exists ($equivs{$2})" instead of "if($equivs{$2})", maybe declare the variables with "my" or whatever, etc. I'll work it out when I can get a good sample, assuming my copy & paste buffer is big enough (if not, I suppose I could do it in a number of smaller chunks). -- John Owens 17:25 3 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * Grrr... wasn't around the past two nights to do this. Hopefully I'll be around tonight... I checked Traffic, looks like the best time would be around 5-7 UTC. -- John Owens 19:40 5 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Great! I would really like to see us getting this stream-lined soon, that way your non-PERL type can just run the perl script and update the page.  MB 17:43 3 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I seem to remember that I got hold of the output by clicking on "Save Page As..." in my browser, saving the page as a plain text file, and then manually chopping off the irrelevant bits at the top and bottom in a text editor. That defeats the old copy & paste buffer size troubles. -- Oliver P. 18:15 3 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Thank you for updating the page, Mr. Starling! Hmm, from 82nd to 74th... Going in the right direction, but must try harder... -- Oliver P. 13:42 8 Jun 2003 (UTC)

"BLIMEY!" I am 30th 8-| -fonzy

 * Well done! :) I will catch you up, though, I promise... ;) -- Oliver P. 07:47 9 Jun 2003 (UTC)

O-YEAH, well we will see about that :-p. -fonzy

Most active Wikipedians update
Moved from Village pump on Thursday, June 12th, 02003.

The moment everyone's been waiting for: Most active Wikipedians has been updated. Some highlights: Mav has overtaken Rambot and the conversion script, and now has almost 40,000 edits to his name. Zoe has moved up from #9 to #6, overtaking AxelBoldt and Koyaanis Qatsi. Lir, our most active troll, has moved from #30 to #10. Patrick jumped from #27 to #18 by clocking up another 3,700 edits. TakuyaMurata is a rising star, jumping from #54 to #23, now on 6,523 edits. Not that it's a competition or anything. :) -- Tim Starling 05:13 8 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Yikes! I promise I'm not a bot nor have ever used one. :) --mav

 * Ah, so that's his plan... -- Wapcaplet 11:59 9 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Please note that my contributes are also due to that I can rely on those who copyedit my misspellings or gramatical errors. -- Taku 03:57 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)

End moved text.

My!! I notice I'm on the list at 141, and I'v only been here since February (I Really should get a life) G-Man 22:33 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)

How did Lir manage to rise in the ratings when she was banned so long ago - before the last update, if I'm not mistaken? Deb 22:58 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I think it's because some of his pseudonyms' edits have been included under Lir's name on this chart. --Camembert

 * Yep, that's right. He confessed to being Vera Cruz, Susan Mason, Dietary Fiber, Shino Baku, Like a Virgin, Ril, and Zxcvb. So I added them to the list of equivalences. I'm sure even that list isn't complete, though... -- Oliver P. 01:01 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Of course, Lir also makes about 10 minor edits per actual edit because he doesn't use the preview function. --Eloquence 01:03 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Personally, I don't think this is appropriate. Her edits ought to be included under the separate names she uses.  I resent the fact that she shows up as an "active" Wikipedian just because she causes a lot of hassle. Deb 17:04 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * "active" does not have any implication of quality :-) User:anthere

 * Perhaps this is a mistitled page? It should be "Wikipedians with the most edits". Martin

 * Ah yes. Good point, Martin. Lir certainly has made a large number of edits. :) -- Oliver P. 17:32 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)

"She" is Adam Rinkleff, chess champ, blogger and student at Iowa State University. I think that was announced on a mailing list somewhere. -- Tim Starling 16:10 15 Jun 2003 (UTC)

oops sorry. "never edit a page with big table - repeat after me - never edit..." Hitting my head against the wall. Won't do it anymore. Promise.

 * Neither will I, at least I hope I have learned my lesson. -- Cimon Avaro on a pogo stick 16:39 15 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Wow, I'm at 124 after only two months! Either "go me", or I really need to get out more. Sigh. My 1700 edits in, er, 50 odd days makes for, er, hey, only about thirty odd a day. That's not so bad, is it? Is it?? john 08:23 20 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * You apparently are just a bottomless ballon of information letting out the air to educate the world of its history! :-) --Menchi 09:06 20 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Another (more?) interesting statistic would be "Wikipedians by number of new articles created". This should be calculable by looking at the history for each article. -- Derek Ross

 * Any chance we could actually create an article the contains the script used to generate this page? There are a number of modifications to the perl script given but no clear locations where it is.  In addition, were the recent updates to the page using this script?  I assume so.  Why not just make a page where the most updated script resides and then anyone can create the page?  We could also have something for said "Wikipedians by number of new articles created". -- Ram-Man

Why not rank Wikipedians by the the total bytes they added (as measured from the diffs)? Not counting reversions, if possible, to help exclude edit wars. Steven G. Johnson

-

Out of curiosity - is there any chance that someone with database access will update the table again? I'd like to see whether I actually appear in the list or not. ;) And, lest anyone points it out, yes, I know I could download the database dumps and do it myself, but the download alone would take me so long that by the time the stats are generated, they'd be too old to be interesting anymore, so there. :) -- Schnee 01:27, 5 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * You've made a little over 700 edits, so you're not on the list yet. Keep working at it :) -- Tim Starling 01:39, Aug 5, 2003 (UTC)

 * I tried downloading the database but when I tried to load the old table from the dump I got a MYSQL error saying that it was too big or something. If anyone knows how to fix this, i'll download the tables and do the update.  (I did not run out of diskspace).  For that matter, I might even work on some of the other requested items. -- Ram-Man 02:25, Aug 5, 2003 (UTC)

 * It would be nice if somebody with a broadband connection could set-up Wikipedia at home so that that he or she can post weekly updates to our disabled special pages. It's not possible to do this on the website itself anymore. I would do it but I'm a bit busy with other things. --mav 02:31, 5 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * I can do some of that if it doesn't require the old history. I had no trouble loading the cur table (which is much smaller).  -- Ram-Man 03:33, Aug 5, 2003 (UTC)

 * Tim: That's weird. According to my own reference file (cut-and-pasted from "My contributions" over time) I'm at 1102 edits. Of course, that includes some temporary articles (mostly for Wikiproject Elements) that are now deleted, but that shouldn't be 300 edits... still, you're right, the current list only goes on to somewhat more than 700. Something I'll have to check out, I guess. -- Schnee 11:00, 5 Aug 2003 (UTC) P.S. in any case, I surely will keep working... ;)

 * UPDATE: Actually, it gets even weirder. Checking out lists a total of 1050 edits, which sounds much more like my figure without temporary article edits. A bug of some sort in the Wikipedia software? -- Schnee 11:06, 5 Aug 2003 (UTC)

--- It's been almost two months. It's time to update this list. 172 11:39, 5 Aug 2003 (UTC)
 * If a monthly update is 'expected' then why not just show monthly totals, so defunct high contributors get ditched and newbies get some encouragement. ²¹² 11:49, 5 Aug 2003 (UTC)

I'm going to download the tables and do an update when I get it all downloaded. It might be a day or two, but I'll update this page. -- Ram-Man 03:26, Aug 9, 2003 (UTC)

Heh. "This table *does* show who needs to "get out more" " Every month or so I take a four or five day trip somewhere (see user:maveric149/Images). I suggest others try to do the same to preserve sanity. Too much Wikipedia without a break is a bad thing. --mav

and i am one of those "people". - fonzy 8-)

"An list in unformatted form is available weekly here." should be "A list in unformatted form is available weekly here." JWSchmidt 14:08, 26 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Negative sides of taking time off?
Well, I took a five day break last weekend, and am taking another one the next weekend. I guess this means I have a snowballs chance in hell of making the next list 0:-D -- Cimon Avaro on a pogostick

 * I find the sensation of a snowball of items on my watchlist particularly rewarding. :-} Either that rewarding feeling or I just randomly ignore chunks of it. Yeah, either one. ;-p --Menchi 18:09, Aug 9, 2003 (UTC)

Update
Well the time has come after two months: The page is updated. Now that I am set up to do it, I will try to run updates at least once a month. -- Ram-Man 22:56, Aug 12, 2003 (UTC)

 * Could you, by any chance, be persuaded to do weekly updates when the database dumps are updated? ^.^ I'd like to help out with that myself, too, but haven't been able to get MySQL to do tables of more than 4 GB in size on Windows XP. -- Schnee 15:24, 16 Aug 2003 (UTC)

No: 144. That's Gross!
Honestly I scrolled blind to the bottom of the page, and started scrolling up. Cross my heart and hope to die, by the stump and stone, I did think my strategy of staying just below the radar for this update had worked (well, yeah, I was slightly dissapointed at the same time, failing would have been a nice thing in some perverse way too). But then after actually passing my username on the way up (August 8 for the update, and my contributions show about 1400 right now), scanning it again on the way down: ***KERBLAM***. Geez, 1777 is almost as nice a number as 144. Befudledly yours -- Cimon

 * Well you "only" need just over a thousand edits to get on the list. That is not *that* much for a dedicated user! -- Ram-Man 23:52, Aug 12, 2003 (UTC)

 * Depends on how much you've been contributing, I'd say. -- Schnee 19:00, 13 Aug 2003 (UTC)

Whee, I'm on the list! Yeah! ^_^ -- Schnee 19:00, 13 Aug 2003 (UTC)

Pizza Puzzle is Lir
Why is Pizza Puzzle listed separately from Lir? The link was proven. 172 19:01, 13 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * Is this really the case? I have not followed this, so I don't know where the proof is.  In any case, the scripts need to be updated to handle for any equivelences. -- Ram-Man 22:24, Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)
 * Here's the proof: here 172 22:56, 13 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks! I'll make sure that the future updates are correct. -- Ram-Man 23:14, Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

Why a list?
I believe that the attention given to this page is misplaced. Who really gives a flying fuck how many edits someone has made? I can't think of a much poorer metric from which to calculate social standing and while its presence is tolerable, the attention it is given is at odds with the supposed egalitarian nature of the Wikipedia. Kat 19:17, 13 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * Who says it is getting a lot of attention. There have only been four comments made about it since it was updated. There are plenty of pages getting way more attention that this one. No-one is claiming this is a list of Wikipedians by social standing and there are quite clear explanations at the top of the page stating exactly what the figures mean and do not mean. If you don't happen to care about it, you don't have to read it. Angela 19:41, 13 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * It shows me the diversity our English WP. The first third active contributors include (in no particular order): two native speakers of French, one of Mandarin, one of Dutch, one of German. We even have a speaker of artificial languages! In addition to Americans, we have one Australians, three Brits, one Irish, one Taiwanese, three Canadians, and the four Europeans. We have people who love Wikipedia very much, but those who use it for their own twisted purposes, namely, the Troll his/her endless duplicates. We have those who stayed and are still strong, but also those who left and may not ever return. We also have people who we know nothing much more than their user names. We have open gays and open heteros. We have a woman, a person who calls him/self a woman, and a man who wants to be a woman [a public open statement].

 * And this is just the first 30 that I looked thru, if you go down further. You'll find more interesting people. So I find great pleasure in going thru the list every once a while, and see what new faces pop up, and say to myself: "Woa! You're not like me at all! And you're not Osama-evil! I like it!!" I think there are others who love to be "shocked" like this too and know that we do have at least one, one thing that we share: Wikipedia. --Menchi 20:05, Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * Methinks the lady doth protest too much. Assuming, arguendo, that "the attention given to this page is misplaced," then why on earth would someone draw even more attention to it with a colorful post?  Moreover, in answer to the question posed, many Wikipedians do, in fact, care how many edits they have made and how they measure up against other Wikipedians in this regard, and that ain't gonna change.

 * As for the issue of whether the attention given to this page "is at odds with the supposed egalitarian nature of the Wikipedia," that is a conclusion that is based upon very weak inferences and ultimately rests upon a number of unproved assumptions. One can easily indict *some* -- or even many -- Wikipedians as being elitists, but the unlimited freedom to fork that all Wikipedians enjoy makes such an indictment irrelevant.  The only *real* challenges that can be made to "the supposed egalitarian nature of the Wikipedia" are those that can pass the scrutiny of Jimbo Wales, and even those challenges are limited by the freedom to fork. -- NetEsq 20:19, 13 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * Many people by nature are motivated by competition. This list may not *in reality* mean much but psychologically it breeds competition which only causes people to add more to Wikipedia.  Maybe too much! -- Ram-Man 22:21, Aug 13, 2003 (UTC)

Anonymous IP
"Anonymous IP" isn't a Wikipedian. It's lots of Wikipedians! Is this just the total number of edits made by people who have not been signed in? I don't think they should all be counted as one person. I think that the script previously counted separate IP addresses as separate people, which is more accurate. Not that I'm just trying to go up by one more place, or anything like that... ;) -- Oliver P. 11:31, 16 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * You could do that, but it is not particularly helpful to know that a single IP address did something because that really could be more than one person. So what do you say about that?  A single IP address can be lots of Wikipedians, and so is "Anonymous IP".  My case for having this combined category is that it tells us how much work is being done by those users who are not logged on.  And it is a lot!  I think it is very interesting to know whether, as a whole, the number of anonymous edits is very high or very low.  This is especially true for the monthly version of this page.  Oh and "Conversion Script" is really a whole bunch of edits from lots of different people. Not to mention all the other edits that are missing because of various software updates and so forth.  -- Ram-Man 13:30, Aug 16, 2003 (UTC)

 * This is all true... But on the whole the page compares individuals, so I think it's a bit misleading to have entries for large groups of people mixed in with entries fro individuals. (So I suppose I am arguing for "Conversion script" to be taken out as well...) I agree that it would be interesting to know how the number of edits from anonymous IP addresses compares with the number from logged-in people, so perhaps it would be nicer to have a separate table at the top comparing "Anonymous IP" with "Logged-in user". Although this would be more effort, I expect... By the way, I like the new monthly version. :) -- Oliver P. 15:32, 16 Aug 2003 (UTC)

If the conversion script is attributing an IP# to a user, do they get edits added by any anynomous person who happens to use that IP? I would think it would be better to add some specific number to their count; rather than adding anything from said IP. Pizza Puzzle

I was wondering how often (generally) this page is updated, and when the next update will likely be. I want to see if I'm still on top. ;p -- Anonymous IP

 * At SQL query requests, Tim said "Maybe after larousse comes back online. -- Tim Starling"

 * Does this mean 'soon' ? I have done a lot of edits since summer, and I want to know just how many... :) -- Anonymous IP

Update?
Hey, now that the new database server and everything is in place, how about updating the list again? I'd like to see how I rank. ;) -- Schnee 00:54, 21 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * The top 50 people who have edited in the article space are updated here each time the database is backed-up. Maybe you could ask to have that increased to 100 or even 200. --mav 02:35, 21 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * As of 4 Jan 2004, the link is working. Thanks to whoever fixed it. (And, yes, I'd like to see it a little longer too.) Rossami
 * That link doesn't include edits made under alternate names which users formerly used. *cough* Lirath Q. Pynnor

I do have a list of 200 editors on User:Dori/Sandbox that a developer did of the last 10000 edits (not too sure now of this number). Dori | Talk 17:59, Mar 3, 2004 (UTC)

Michael
So Michael has made over 1000 edits, and is in the top 200? Despite his hard ban? I shake my head in amazement....

Arno 03:55, 6 Jan 2004 (UTC)
 * When every edit you make is reverted so you can make it again, it must be pretty easy to rack up the edits! Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 07:24, 6 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Yes, but I just find his sheer persistency amazing. Arno 04:35, 7 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Top 500
BTW, if someone does intend to update this sometime, maybe it would be a good idea to include some 500 top contributors at least. We have a lot of new active contributors... -- Cimon Avaro on a pogostick 11:17, Feb 21, 2004 (UTC)

 * Sounds good to me. A lot of users on that list seem to rank far lower than they should...  Pakaran. 15:03, 3 Mar 2004 (UTC)

No. of edits
How does someone get to know number of edits he's made ? Jay 10:15, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * It's pretty much a case of clicking on the "my contributions" link on the left menu and counting. There are various ways of making it a little easier - one way is to click on one of the "view" numbers (across the top of your contributions list) and change the "offset" value in the address until you find the end point.  Another is to cut and paste the list of contributions into a text editor and number the lines (or the last page of your contributions if they are many).  But the quickest way is for me to tell you that you have made 1480 edits as of now .  Good work :) -- sannse (talk) 20:45, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * sannse thanks for the steps. Was wondering if there is an easy way to get the number of edits information. Like you go to the "my contributions" page and the number is there displayed for you. It should be an inexpensive database query I guess. Jay 08:10, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

2 things that can be mentioned on the page :
 * 1) whether the list is prepared manually or automatically
 * 2) when was the last date the list was updated

Jay 12:49, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * The page does say "compiled with data from August 8, 2003". As I understand it, the list is prepared manually from a database query.  That's why it is so out of date.  The regular stats have better information -, although that doesn't include non-active Wikipedians or edits to non-article pages (and I'm about to slip off the end... Aghhh!) -- sannse (talk) 21:56, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Wouldn't it be more beneficial to update these numbers manually, from the stats site? Anyone could do it... Dysprosia 21:58, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * That page lists only people who are currently active and have made more than 6000 main article space edits. People would like a longer list than that, I expect. Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 22:58, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Rajput

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 15 December 2023
Request to change Nomadic tribes to Banjara. As Nomadic tribes is non - specific. In Thar Desert Banjaras were prominent and popular Nomadic tribe. Banjaras had monopoly over trade in medieval era. Thousands of rich Banjara merchants and chief were Rajputized under Rajputization Sudeep JS (talk) 11:40, 15 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. M.Bitton (talk) 12:49, 16 December 2023 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 17 December 2023
Make following addition to this article:- 1) Add origin of Rathore clan of Rajputs from Rashtrakutas of Karnataka who ruled over a vast area during early mediaeval times. Variations of Rashtrakutas like, Ratta,Rattakut are mentioned in the inscriptions of Ashok.

2) Al Masudi came to India with Mohammad Ghazni in 10th century. He described the area ruled by Hindu Shahi dynasty of Afghanistan as "Rajput".

Included this reference in the origin section.

3) Emperor Harshvardhan called himself Rajputra. Please include this in the origin section.

4) Most of the opinions of the historians added are Marxist with biased view against Rajputs and hence cannot be trusted. So,their references should be removed.

These historians have ulterior motive. Abhimanyu200 (talk) 20:34, 17 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Please include the exact text you wish to add and please provide reliable sources. RegentsPark (comment) 20:53, 17 December 2023 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 5 April 2024
It is mentioned that Rajput caste is cluster of keen bodies which is not true FireAbhi (talk) 13:05, 5 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Drowssap  SMM  01:07, 6 April 2024 (UTC)

Rajputs are the decendents of old vedic Kshatriyas. Hence, there is need to add thier varna as Kshatriya
It is clearly proved in a book named "Kshatriyas and Would-be Kshatriyas" by "Kumar Cheda Singh Verma" that the Rajputs are decendents of the old vedic Kshatriyas. The word "Rajput" is derived from the word "Rajputra", which is a term used to denote "Kshatriya" in ancient hindu texts. I have provided the reference with a link. You can check it and the varna of Rajputs as Kshatriya.

I request you to add the following things:

1) Varna: Kshatriya, The varna of Rajputs is Kshatriya. Hence, varna should be included as Kshatriya. It should be added in infobox and also the places were the varna is discussed.

2) Origin: The Rajputs are originated from the old Vedic Kshatriyas. While a few clans may have origins in pastoral or Shudra communities, that doesn't mean the whole Rajput community is of that origin. It is clearly proven in the book "Kshatriyas and Would-be Kshatriyas" by "Kumar Cheda Singh Verma" that the 'Rajput',' 'Kshatriya,' 'Thakur,' 'Chattri,' and 'Rajputra' are all equivalent terms used to denote ancient Vedic Kshatriyas who belonged to a royal bloodline of kings. In conclusion, it is clearly proved that Rajputs are descendants of ancient Vedic Kshatriyas, and their varna is Kshatriya.

3) Remove the lines where it is written that Rajputs are of Pastoral, Shudra or Nomadic tribe origin. And add "Rajputs are decendants of vedic Kshatriyas".

4) Please replace "The term Rajput covers various patrilineal clans historically associated with warriorhood: several clans claim Rajput status, although not all claims are universally accepted. According to modern scholars, almost all Rajput clans originated from peasant or pastoral communities." With "The term Rajput covers various patrilineal Kshatriya clans historically associated with warriorhood. The Rajputs are descendants of ancient Vedic Kshatriyas."

Link of refrence = https://books.google.co.in/books?id=SFUoAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=kshatriya+and+would+be+kshatriya&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi6wsjn3OaFAxUZmq8BHWrMAjEQ6AF6BAgIEAM#v=onepage&q=Rajput&f=false

Gaurav Bisen Powar (talk) 05:54, 29 April 2024 (UTC)

 * Yes, you are absolutely right brother. These changes are very essential for this page. If anyone can do these changes then it will be good for this page. Alex Cupper (talk) 07:20, 6 May 2024 (UTC)

 * Kshatriyas and Would-be Kshatriyas (1904) by Kumar Cheda Singh Verma is not a reliable source. Use only up-to-date academic sources for caste content, and never anything published during the British Raj. See WP:RAJ. Bishonen | tålk 22:02, 30 April 2024 (UTC).

 * "Kshatriyas and Would-be Kshatriyas " is one of the most reliable book when it comes to real history and origin of Rajputs. It is totally based on the real evidences that proves Rajputs are decendants of Kshatriyas. Also, it is not based on British Raj sources. All the theories regarding the origin of Rajputs is discussed in this book and the conclusion is that "Rajputs are decendants of Kshatriyas".

I request you to edit the following things:

1) Varna: Kshatriya, The varna of Rajputs is Kshatriya. Hence, varna should be included as Kshatriya. It should be added in infobox and also the places were the varna is discussed.

2) Origin: The Rajputs are originated from the old Vedic Kshatriyas. While a few clans may have origins in pastoral or Shudra communities, that doesn't mean the whole Rajput community is of that origin. It is clearly proven in the book "Kshatriyas and Would-be Kshatriyas" by "Kumar Cheda Singh Verma" that the 'Rajput',' 'Kshatriya,' 'Thakur,' 'Chattri,' and 'Rajputra' are all equivalent terms used to denote ancient Vedic Kshatriyas who belonged to a royal bloodline of kings. In conclusion, it is clearly proved that Rajputs are descendants of ancient Vedic Kshatriyas, and their varna is Kshatriya.

3) Remove the lines where it is written that Rajputs are of Pastoral, Shudra or Nomadic tribe origin. And add "Rajputs are decendants of vedic Kshatriyas".

4) Please replace "The term Rajput covers various patrilineal clans historically associated with warriorhood: several clans claim Rajput status, although not all claims are universally accepted. According to modern scholars, almost all Rajput clans originated from peasant or pastoral communities." With "The term Rajput covers various patrilineal Kshatriya clans historically associated with warriorhood. The Rajputs are descendants of ancient Vedic Kshatriyas.

Gaurav Bisen Powar (talk) 06:59, 6 May 2024 (UTC)

 * The source is unreliable, already mentioned above! Ekdalian (talk) 18:42, 6 May 2024 (UTC)

 * Also,, what do you mean by saying the book "is not based on British Raj sources"? It's from 1904! If it's based on sources that are still older than the British Raj, then that's all the worse. I repeat: Use only up-to-date academic sources for caste content. If you don't listen to advice from experienced users, you will have a difficult time here. Bishonen | tålk 19:28, 6 May 2024 (UTC).

Rajput and Rajputra are two different words
@LukeEmily, The words Rajput and Rajputra are not the same, Rajputra means son of a king, there are kings in every caste, tribe and varna, so will all these kings be considered Rajputs? In the Ramayana, Meghnatha is described as the Rajputra and even an inscription at Huna Toramana declares him as Rajputra. So linking the present Rajputs with the ancient Rajputras is baseless or else the word Rajputra should be explained correctly in this article. 2409:4085:8187:B581:0:0:35C:80B0 (talk) 12:17, 16 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rajput


text:
Category:Battles of the American Civil War

 * For military engagements of the American Civil War by state or territory, including raids, fights, and skirmishes, see Category:Military operations of the American Civil War by state


text:
Talk:Balfour Declaration of 1926

Discussion of Name of Artricle
Looking around it would appear that this page is incorrectly named.

Various sources talk about the "Balfour Definition" of 1926 or the "Balfour Report", use of the word "Declaration" appears to be a minority position (probably to avoid confusion with the 1917 one).

 * Britannica

on the other hand some sources use "Declaration". I would suggest we use "Definition" since (a) it is at least as if not more common that "Declaration" and (b) it avoids the ambiguity.

SimonLyall 10:23, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmm. I've become used to it being refered to as the Balfour Declaration; amongst those who use that term seems to be the Australian government (see ), and you'd expect them to know, as it were...
 * James F. (talk) 13:29, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * I've hit various books and it seems to be a mix, perhaps a brief bit on this page listing the alternative term(s) and a forward to this page for them? SimonLyall 11:18, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Sounds like worth considering changing this title or at least putting another in. the Balfour Dec re Israel is SO much more well known and the confusion seems likely. I only came here cos I thought it was wrong!

Also, I don't understand a bit of the english/meaning- "The document was not accepted the growing..." was this meant to be "did not accept" or "was not accepted because..." or what?IceDragon64 23:14, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

What about the work of the Irish delegation led by Desmond Fitzgerald which first brought the delegates together? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.42.5.83 (talk) 20:27, 18 March 2010 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: not moved -- JHunterJ (talk) 16:53, 21 April 2012 (UTC)

Balfour Declaration of 1926 → Balfour Report of 1926 – A review of google books suggests Balfour Report of 1926 is more common than Balfour Declaration of 1926 - presumably this is because (1) scholars choose to distinguish it from the materially more well know 1917 declaration, and (2) it was a report, not a "declaration". Relisted, waiting with baited breath for Mr Serjeant Buzfuz's analysis. Favonian (talk) 19:40, 13 April 2012 (UTC). Oncenawhile (talk) 14:32, 6 April 2012 (UTC)

 * * I would oppose this suggestion; Balfour Declaration is well-known in Commonwealth history as the 1926 Declaration.  I can provide a more detailed analysis, but not until this weekend;  would ask that no action be taken on this proposal for a few more days. Mr Serjeant Buzfuz (talk) 12:52, 13 April 2012 (UTC)

 * OK, whenever you are ready. Note that google books suggests otherwise:
 * "Balfour Report 1926" 7,100 results
 * "Balfour Declaration 1926" 2,300 results
 * Oncenawhile (talk) 19:51, 13 April 2012 (UTC)

 * I have four comments in support of not changing the article name.

 * 1. I think it's important to remember that there are different communities of interest and that Wikipedia serves all of those communities. Those different communities may each have their own vocabulary and terms, which can overlap.  A particular community cannot claim sole usage of a particular term.  Here, there are two different communities:  those that are interested in the history of Palestine/Israel, and those that are interested in the constitutional development and history of the modern Commonwealth and the individual nations that make it up.  Both of them use the term "Balfour Declaration" for different purposes, and it would be inappropriate, in my opinion, for one community to assert that only its usage of the term should be recognised by Wikipedia.  As well, some of the earlier posts on this page referred to the 1917 Declaration as being the "better known".  That assumes too much, in my opinion, as it leads to the next question:  "Better known by whom?"  To the Israel/Palestine community, the 1917 Declaration will likely be better known, but to the Commonwealth community, the 1926 Declaration is likely the better known.

 * 2. The term "Declaration" is the correct term to describe the 1926 statement, because it was just that:  it declared that the Dominions were of equal status and autonomy with the United Kingdom.  It was not a recommendation or proposal.  Balfour's Declaration of the constitutional status of the Dominions recognised the constitutional developments that had already occurred, notably during World War I, and is at the heart of the Report of the 1926 Imperial Conference.    It is the Declaration that is the most-quoted part of the overall Report, because it was the most significant.  The rest of the Report was an analysis of the political and legal implications of the Declaration.  Significantly, the Statute of Westminster 1931, which implemented some aspects of the 1926 Imperial Conference, refers in its preamble to the "declarations and resolutions" in the reports of the conferences.  Also, since the Declaration was penned by Balfour himself, it is appropriate that the Declaration be linked to his name.

 * 3. Simply reviewing google books and counting occurrences of the different terms is not an appropriate way to resolve this issue, in my opinion.  The review of google books is one factor, but I would suggest that another, more compelling factor is to look at who actually uses the term "Balfour Declaration" to refer to the 1926 statement on the equality and autonomy of the Dominions:

 * The Queen is the Head of the Commonwealth. On the Queen's own official web-page, the term "Balfour Declaration" is used to refer to the development of the modern Commonwealth;

 * The British Government uses the term "Balfour Declaration" on the web-page of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and also on the National Archives' web-page summarising the Cabinet Papers, in both cases in reference to the 1926 Declaration and the development of the Commonwealth;

 * The Canadian Government uses the term "Balfour Declaration" on the web-page of the Canadian Privy Council Office;

 * The Supreme Court of Canada uses the term "Balfour Declaration" in a major case tracing the constitutional history of Canada and Newfoundland (formerly an independent Dominion, recognized by the 1926 Declaration);

 * The Museum of Australian Democracy, an agency of the Australian Government uses the term "Balfour Declaration" in its web-page tracing the development of Australia's constitutional history;

 * The Governor General of New Zealand uses the term "Balfour Declaration" on his web-page tracing New Zealand's constitutional development;

 * The Commonwealth Secretariat uses the term "Balfour Declaration on its web-page discussing the histroy of the Commonwealth.

 * These are the official web-pages of the governments which are the most affected by the 1926 Declaration. It is a part of their constitutional history.  The fact that all of them use the term "Balfour Declaration" is a very strong factor in favour of the use of the term by Wikipedia.

 * 4. Finally, Wikipedia has its own conventions to avoid confusion in the names of its articles.  There are "Disambiguation" pages, and also the use of the year in the name of the article.  For instance, type "Treaty of Paris" into the search box, and you'll get a link to a disambiguation page, followed by a long list of articles entitled "Treaty of Paris", distinguished by the year.  That approach is an entirely appropriate way to deal with the two Balfour Declarations;  a disambiguation page, with the two declarations distinguished by year.  And, the Treaty of Paris example also illustrates my earlier discussion of communities of interest.  For Canadians, "Treaty of Paris" normally refers to the 1763 Treaty, where France ceded Quebec to Britain.  For Americans, "Treaty of Paris" normally refers to the 1783 Treaty, where Britain recognised American independence.  And for Europeans, "Treaty of Paris" often means the  1951 Treaty, which is considered one of the initial steps towards the establishment of the European Community.  All of them are correct, from their particular viewpoint.  Similarly, "Balfour Declaration" refers to two different Declarations, and Wikipedia should reflect that usage. Mr Serjeant Buzfuz (talk) 03:16, 16 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Oppose clearly calls this the Balfour Declaration 1926 in the footer of every page. Two separate nations consider their respective founding documents to have similar names. There is no need to privilege one over the other since we have fabulous disambiguation tools available to us. Stuartyeates (talk) 04:04, 16 April 2012 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Balfour Declaration which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 20:44, 17 April 2016 (UTC)

"aspect of their domestic or internal/external affairs?"
The article currently quotes the Declaration as saying "autonomous Communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs". That wording has 312 hits here. However, "aspect of their domestic or internal affairs" gets 45 hits here - including a UK Parliament research paper, Fransman's British Nationality Law and The New Cambridge Modern History, all of which I suggest would normally be considered as reliable sources. The definitive source appears to be "Report of the Inter-Imperial Relations Committee of the Imperial Conference of 1926 (Cmd 2768) at page 14, cited in Halsbury's Statutes of England and Wales, 4th ed, 1985, vol 7 p4." Does anyone have access to either of these sources? Would it be worth the article recording these variants, and stating which one is correct and which one is not? Alekksandr (talk) 21:55, 7 January 2021 (UTC)

UK or GB
In the declaration, the country is called GB, and there is no single mention of the UK. Why than the article uses the name "United Kingdom"? 2A0D:6FC7:212:3375:678:5634:1232:5476 (talk) 21:19, 28 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Balfour Declaration of 1926


text:
José Miguel Class

José Miguel Class Ponce (September 26, 1935 – April 13, 2017) was a Puerto Rican singer who garnered international fame during the 1960s and 1970s.

Biography
Nicknamed "El Gallito de Manatí" ("Manati's Bantam"), Class achieved fame in Puerto Rico in the 1960s before moving to Mexico, where he achieved wide success. His period as a resident there proved important for his career: He released various Mexican music albums and he was able to achieve fame across Central America, South America and the rest of the Caribbean.

When Class returned to Puerto Rico during the decade of the '70s, he immediately landed a weekly television show in Rafael Perez Perry's Channel 11, which he co-hosted with Awilda (Awilda La Mimosa) Pedrosa. His adopted Mexican accent was noticeable during the run of this show; as a matter of a fact, he kept the Mexican accent for a very long time. His catchphrase was "Yo soy el Gallo!" ("I am the Rooster!") He retired to his hometown of Manati. He released over 20 albums, many of which have been converted into CD format.

Death
Class died on the morning of April 13, 2017, aged 81 following a long illness at Auxilio Mutuo Hospital in Hato Rey, Puerto Rico.

Selected discography
Nuestro Pan De Cada Dia
 * Singles
 * "Despedida", written by Jose Manuel "Taty" Calderón Hernandez.

title: José Miguel Class


text:
User talk:Lick-my-ankles

Malicious Deletion Attempt
Hello. Sorry for the imposition, but I thought you might be interested to note that an article you supported in the past on vfd has been listed again under malicious circumstances - the 3rd such attempt in 7 months. Please feel free to review the discussion and cast your vote as you feel appropriate: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Votes_for_deletion/Atlantium --Gene_poole 10:30, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lick-my-ankles