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List of Asteraceae genera

, Plants of the World Online listed 1,707 accepted genera in the family Asteraceae. Those genera are listed with their author citations. Taxonomic synonyms are not included.

A
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Aaronsohnia Warb. & Eig, synonym of Otoglyphis
 * Abrotanella Cass.
 * Acamptopappus A.Gray – goldenhead
 * Acanthocephalus Kar. & Kir.
 * Acanthocladium F.Muell.
 * Acanthodesmos C.D.Adams & duQuesnay
 * Acanthospermum Schrank – starburr
 * Acanthostyles R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Achillea L. – yarrow
 * Achnophora F.Muell.
 * Achnopogon Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
 * Achyrachaena Schauer – blow wives
 * Achyranthemum N.G.Bergh
 * Achyrocline (Less.) DC.
 * Achyropappus Kunth
 * Acilepidopsis  H.Rob.
 * Acilepis  D.Don
 * Acmella Rich. ex Pers.
 * Acomis F.Muell.
 * Acourtia D.Don – desert peony
 * Acrisione B.Nord.
 * Acritopappus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Actinobole Endl.
 * Acunniana  Orchard
 * Adeia G.L.Nesom
 * Adelostigma Steetz
 * Adenanthellum B.Nord.
 * Adenocaulon Hook. – trailplant
 * Adenocritonia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Adenoglossa B.Nord.
 * Adenoon Dalzell
 * Adenophyllum Pers. – dogweed
 * Adenostemma J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. – medicineplant
 * Adenostyles Cass.
 * Adenothamnus D.D.Keck
 * Adiaphila G.L.Nesom
 * Aedesia O.Hoffm.
 * Aequatorium B.Nord
 * Aetheolaena Cass.
 * Aetheorhiza Cass. – synonym of Sonchus
 * Afroaster J.C.Manning & Goldblatt
 * Afrocarduus (Kazmi) N.Garcia, Moreyra & Susanna
 * Afrocirsium Calleja, N.Garcia, Moreyra & Susanna
 * Ageratella A.Gray ex S.Watson
 * Ageratina Spach – snakeroot
 * Ageratinastrum Mattf.
 * Ageratum L. – whiteweed
 * Agnorhiza (Jeps.) W.A.Weber
 * Agoseris Raf. – mountain dandelion
 * Agrianthus Mart. ex DC.
 * Ainsliaea DC.
 * Ajania Poljakov
 * Ajaniopsis C.Shih
 * Alatoseta Compton
 * Albertinia Spreng.
 * Aldama La Llave
 * Alepidocline S.F.Blake
 * Alfredia Cass.
 * Aliella Qaiser & Lack
 * Allagopappus Cass.
 * Allardia Decne.
 * Allittia P.S.Short
 * Allocephalus Bringel, J.N.Nakaj. & H.Rob.
 * Alloispermum Willd.
 * Allopterigeron Dunlop
 * Almutaster Á.Löve & D.Löve – alkali marsh aster
 * Alomia Kunth
 * Alomiella R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Amauria Benth.
 * Ambassa Steetz
 * Amberboa (Pers.) Less.
 * Amblyolepis DC.
 * Amblyopappus Hook. & Arn.
 * Amblysperma Benth.
 * Amboroa Cabrera
 * Ambrosia L. – bursage, ragweed
 * Ameghinoa Speg.
 * Amellus L.
 * Ammobium R.Br.
 * Amolinia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Ampelaster G.L.Nesom – climbing aster
 * Amphiachyris (DC.) Nutt. – broomweed
 * Amphiglossa DC.
 * Amphipappus Torr. & A.Gray – chaffbush
 * Amphoricarpos Vis.
 * Anacantha (Iljin) Soják
 * Anacyclus L.
 * Ananthura H.Rob. & Skvarla
 * Anaphalioides (Benth. & Hook.f.) Kirp.
 * Anaphalis DC. – pearly everlasting
 * Anastraphia D.Don
 * Anaxeton Gaertn.
 * Ancathia DC.
 * Ancistrocarphus A.Gray
 * Anderbergia B.Nord.
 * Andicolea Mayta & Molinari
 * Andryala L.
 * Anemocarpa Paul G.Wilson
 * Angeldiazia M.O.Dillon & Zapata
 * Angianthus J.C.Wendl.
 * Anisocarpus Nutt.
 * Anisochaeta DC.
 * Anisocoma Torr. & A.Gray
 * Anisopappus Hook. & Arn.
 * Antennaria Gaertn. – pussytoes
 * Anteremanthus H.Rob.
 * Anthemis L. – Roman chamomile
 * × Anthepleurospermum Rothm.
 * Anticona E.Linares, J.Campos & A.Galán
 * Antillanthus B.Nord.
 * Antillia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Antiphiona Merxm.
 * Anvillea DC.
 * Apalochlamys Cass.
 * Aphanactis Wedd.
 * Aphanostephus DC. – doze daisy
 * Aphelexis D.Don
 * Aphyllocladus Wedd.
 * Apodocephala Baker
 * Apopyros G.L.Nesom
 * Aposeris Neck.
 * Apostates Lander
 * Apowollastonia Orchard
 * Aquilula G.L.Nesom
 * Arbelaezaster Cuatrec.
 * Archanthemis Lo Presti & Oberpr.
 * Archibaccharis Heering
 * Archidasyphyllum (Cabrera) P.L.Ferreira, Saavedra & Groppo
 * Archiserratula L.Martins
 * Arctium L. – burdock
 * Arctogeron DC.
 * Arctotheca J.C.Wendl. – capeweed
 * Arctotis L.
 * Argentipallium Paul G.Wilson
 * Argyranthemum Webb – dill daisy
 * × Argyrautia Sherff
 * Argyroglottis Turcz.
 * Argyrotegium J.M.Ward & Breitw.
 * Argyroxiphium DC. – silversword
 * Aristeguietia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Arnaldoa Cabrera
 * Arnica L. – arnica
 * Arnicastrum Greenm.
 * Arnoglossum Raf. – Indian plantain
 * Arnoseris Gaertn.
 * Arrhenechthites Mattf.
 * Arrojadocharis Mattf.
 * Arrowsmithia DC.
 * Artemisia L. – tarragon, sagebrush, sagewort, wormwood, mugwort
 * Artemisiopsis S.Moore
 * Asanthus R.M.King & H.Rob. – brickellbush
 * Ascidiogyne Cuatrec.
 * Askellia W.A.Weber
 * Aspilia Thouars
 * Asplundianthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Astartoseris N.Kilian, Hand, Hadjik., Christodoulou & Bou Dagh.
 * Aster L. – aster
 * Asteridea Lindl.
 * Asteriscus Mill.
 * Asterothamnus Novopokr.
 * × Asterron Olshanskyi
 * Astranthium Nutt. – western daisy
 * Athanasia L.
 * Athrixia Ker Gawl.
 * Athroisma DC.
 * Atractylis L.
 * Atractylodes DC.
 * Atrichantha Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
 * Atrichoseris A.Gray
 * Austrobrickellia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Austrocritonia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Austroeupatorium R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Austroliabum H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Austrosynotis C.Jeffrey
 * Avellara Blanca & C.Díaz
 * Axiniphyllum Benth.
 * Ayapana Spach
 * Ayapanopsis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Aynia H.Rob.
 * Aytacia Yıld.
 * Aztecaster G.L.Nesom

B
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Baccharis L. – baccharis
 * Baccharoides Moench
 * Baculellum L.V.Ozerova & A.C.Timonin
 * × Bacurio Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
 * Badilloa R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Baeriopsis J.T.Howell
 * Bahianthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Bahiopsis Kellogg
 * Baileya Harv. & A.Gray – desert marigold
 * Bajacalia Loockerman, B.L.Turner & R.K.Jansen
 * Balduina Nutt. – honeycombhead
 * Balladonia P.S.Short
 * Balsamorhiza Hook. – balsamroot
 * Baltimora L. – baltimora
 * Barkleyanthus H.Rob. & Brettell – willow ragwort
 * Barnadesia Mutis ex L.f.
 * Barrosoa R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Bartlettia A.Gray
 * Bartlettina R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Basedowia E.Pritz.
 * Bathysanthus G.L.Nesom
 * Batopilasia G.L.Nesom & R.D.Noyes
 * Bebbia Greene – sweetbush
 * Bechium DC.
 * Bedfordia DC.
 * Bejaranoa R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Bellida Ewart
 * Bellis L. – daisy
 * Bellium L.
 * Belloa J.Rémy
 * Benitoa D.D.Keck
 * Berardia Vill.
 * Berkheya Ehrh.
 * Berkheyopsis O.Hoffm.
 * Berlandiera DC. – greeneyes
 * Berroa Beauverd
 * Bertilia Cron
 * Berylsimpsonia B.L.Turner
 * Bethencourtia Choisy
 * Bidens L. – beggartick, sticktight, Spanish needles
 * Bigelowia DC. – rayless goldenrod
 * Bishopanthus H.Rob.
 * Bishopiella R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Bishovia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Blainvillea Cass.
 * Blakiella Cuatrec.
 * Blanchetia DC.
 * Blennosperma Less. – stickyseed
 * Blennospora A.Gray
 * Blepharipappus Hook.
 * Blepharispermum DC.
 * Blepharizonia (A.Gray) Greene
 * Blumea DC. – false oxtongue
 * Boeberastrum Rydb.
 * Boeberoides (DC.) Strother
 * Bolandia Cron
 * Bolanosa A.Gray
 * Boltonia L'Hér. – doll's daisy
 * Bombycilaena (DC.) Smoljan.
 * Borrichia Adans. – seaside tansy
 * Bothriocline Oliv. ex Benth.
 * Brachanthemum DC.
 * Brachionostylum Mattf.
 * Brachyclados D.Don
 * Brachyglottis J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
 * Brachylaena R.Br.
 * Brachyscome Cass.
 * Brachythrix Wild & G.V.Pope
 * Bradburia Torr. & A.Gray
 * Brenandendron H.Rob.
 * Brickellia Elliott – brickellbush
 * Brickelliastrum R.M.King & H.Rob. – brickellbush
 * Brintonia Greene – mock goldenrod
 * Brocchia Vis.
 * Buphthalmum L.
 * Burkartia Crisci
 * Burnellia Mesfin & D.J.Crawford

C
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Caatinganthus H.Rob.
 * Cabobanthus H.Rob.
 * Cabreraea Bonif.
 * Cabreriella Cuatrec.
 * Cacaliopsis A.Gray
 * Cacosmia Kunth
 * Cadiscus E.Mey. ex DC.
 * Caesulia Roxb.
 * Calanticaria (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) E.E.Schill. & Panero
 * Calea L.
 * Calendula L. – marigold
 * Callicephalus C.A.Mey.
 * Callilepis DC.
 * Callistephus Cass.
 * Calocephalus R.Br.
 * Calomeria Vent.
 * Calorezia Panero
 * Calostephane Benth.
 * Calotesta P.O.Karis
 * Calotis R.Br.
 * Calycadenia DC. – western rosinweed
 * Calycoseris A.Gray – tackstem
 * Calyptocarpus Less.
 * Camchaya Gagnep.
 * Campovassouria R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Camptacra N.T.Burb.
 * Campuloclinium DC.
 * Canadanthus G.L.Nesom – mountain aster
 * Cancrinia Kar. & Kir.
 * Cancriniella Tzvelev
 * Capelio B.Nord.
 * Caputia B.Nord. & Pelser
 * Cardopatium Juss.
 * × Carduocirsium Sennen
 * Carduus L. – plumeless thistle
 * Carlina L. – carline thistle
 * Carlquistia B.G.Baldwin
 * Carminatia Moc. ex DC.
 * Carpesium L.
 * Carphephorus Cass. – chaffhead
 * Carphochaete A.Gray – bristlehead
 * Carthamus L. – distaff thistle
 * Cassinia R.Br.
 * Castanedia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Castrilanthemum Vogt & Oberpr.
 * Castroviejoa Galbany, L.Sáez & Benedí
 * Catamixis Thomson
 * Catananche L.
 * Catatia Humbert
 * Catolesia D.J.N.Hind
 * Caucasalia B.Nord.
 * Caucasoseris M.Güzel, N.Kilian, Sennikov & Coșkunç.
 * Cavalcantia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Cavea W.W.Sm. & J.Small
 * Caxamarca M.O.Dillon & Sagást.
 * × Celmearia Heenan
 * Celmisia Cass.
 * Centaurea L. – knapweed, cornflower, star thistle
 * Centaurodendron Johow
 * Centauropsis Bojer ex DC.
 * Centaurothamnus Wagenitz & Dittrich
 * Centenaria P.Gonzáles, A.Cano & H.Rob.
 * Centipeda Lour.
 * Centratherum Cass.
 * Centromadia Greene
 * Centropappus Hook.f.
 * Cephalipterum A.Gray
 * Cephalopappus Nees & Mart.
 * Cephalosorus A.Gray
 * Ceratogyne Turcz.
 * Ceruana Forssk.
 * Chacoa R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Chaenactis DC. – pincushion
 * Chaetacalia Pruski
 * Chaetadelpha A.Gray ex S.Watson – skeletonweed
 * Chaetanthera Ruiz & Pav.
 * Chaetopappa DC. – least daisy
 * Chaetymenia Hook. & Arn.
 * Chamaechaenactis Rydb.
 * Chamaegeron Schrenk.
 * Chamaeleon Cass.
 * Chamaemelum Mill. - dogfennel
 * Chamaepus Wagenitz
 * Chaochienchangia G.L.Nesom
 * Chaptalia Vent. – sunbonnetts
 * Charadranaetes Janovec & H.Rob.
 * Chardinia Desf.
 * Cheirolophus Cass.
 * Chersodoma Phil.
 * Chevreulia Cass.
 * Chiliadenus Cass.
 * Chiliocephalum Benth.
 * Chiliophyllum Phil.
 * Chiliotrichiopsis Cabrera
 * Chiliotrichum Cass.
 * Chimantaea Maguire, Steyerm. & Wurdack
 * Chionolaena DC.
 * Chionopappus Benth.
 * Chlamydophora Ehrenb. ex Less.
 * Chloracantha G.L.Nesom, Y.B.Suh, D.R.Morgan, S.D.Sundb. & B.B.S
 * Chondrilla L.
 * Chondropyxis D.A.Cooke
 * Chresta Vell. ex DC.
 * Chromolaena DC. - thoroughwort
 * Chromolepis Benth.
 * Chronopappus DC.
 * Chrysactinia A.Gray
 * Chrysactinium Wedd.
 * Chrysanthellum Rich.
 * Chrysanthemum L.
 * Chrysanthoglossum B.H.Wilcox, K.Bremer & Humphries
 * Chryselium Urtubey & S.E.Freire
 * Chrysocephalum Walp.
 * Chrysocoma L.
 * Chrysogonum L.
 * Chrysolaena H.Rob.
 * Chrysoma Nutt.
 * Chrysophthalmum Sch.Bip. ex Walp.
 * Chrysopsis (Nutt.) Elliott – goldenaster
 * Chrysothamnus Nutt. – rabbitbrush
 * Chthonocephalus Steetz
 * Chucoa Cabrera
 * Chuquiraga Juss.
 * Cicerbita Wallr.
 * Ciceronia Urb.
 * Cichorium L. – chicory
 * Cineraria L.
 * Cirsium Mill. – thistle
 * Cissampelopsis Miq.
 * Cladanthus Cass.
 * Cladochaeta DC.
 * Clappia A.Gray – clapdaisy
 * Clibadium L.
 * Cloiselia S.Moore
 * Cnicothamnus Griseb.
 * Coleocoma F.Muell.
 * Coleostephus Cass.
 * Colobanthera Humbert
 * Cololobus H.Rob.
 * Columbiadoria G.L.Nesom
 * Comaclinium Scheidw. & Planch.
 * Commidendrum Burch. ex DC.
 * Condylidium R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Condylopodium R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Conocliniopsis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Conoclinium DC.
 * Constancea B.G.Baldwin
 * Cordiofontis G.L.Nesom
 * Coreocarpus Benth.
 * Coreopsis L. – tickseed
 * Corethamnium R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Corethrogyne DC. – sandaster
 * Coronidium Paul G.Wilson
 * Corymbium Gronov.
 * Cosmos Cav.
 * Cota J.Gay
 * × Cotanthemis Holub
 * Cotula L. – waterbuttons
 * Coulterella Vasey & Rose
 * Cousinia Cass.
 * Cousiniopsis Nevski
 * Craspedia G.Forst.
 * Crassocephalum Moench – ragleaf
 * Crassothonna B.Nord.
 * Cratystylis S.Moore
 * Cremanthodium Benth.
 * Cremnothamnus Puttock
 * × Crepi-hieracium P.Fourn.
 * Crepidiastrum Nakai
 * Crepis L. – hawksbeard
 * Criscia Katinas
 * Criscianthus Grossi & J.N.Nakaj.
 * Critonia P.Browne – thoroughwort
 * Critoniadelphus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Critoniella R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Critoniopsis Sch.Bip.
 * Crocidium Hook. – spring-gold
 * Crocodilium Hill
 * Cronquistianthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Croptilon Raf. – scratchdaisy
 * Crossostephium Less.
 * Crossothamnus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Crupina (Pers.) DC.
 * Crystallopollen Steetz
 * Cuatrecasanthus H.Rob.
 * Cuatrecasasiella H.Rob.
 * Cuchumatanea Seid. & Beaman
 * Culcitium Bonpl.
 * Cullumia R.Br.
 * Cuniculotinus Urbatsch, R.P.Roberts & Neubig
 * Curio P.V.Heath
 * Cuspidia Gaertn.
 * Cyanthillium Blume
 * Cyathocline Cass.
 * Cyathomone S.F.Blake
 * Cyclachaena Fresen.
 * Cyclolepis Gillies ex D.Don
 * Cylindrocline Cass.
 * Cymbonotus Cass.
 * Cymbopappus B.Nord.
 * Cymophora B.L.Rob.
 * Cynara L. – artichoke
 * Cyrtocymura H.Rob.

D
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Dacryotrichia Wild
 * Dahlia Cav.
 * Damnamenia Given
 * Damnxanthodium Strother
 * Dasyandantha H.Rob.
 * Dasyanthina H.Rob.
 * Dasycondylus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Dasyphyllum Kunth
 * Dauresia B.Nord. & Pelser
 * Daveaua Willk. ex Mariz
 * Davilanthus E.E.Schill. & Panero
 * Decachaeta DC.
 * Decaneuropsis H.Rob. & Skvarla
 * Decastylocarpus Humbert
 * Decazesia F.Muell.
 * Deinandra Greene
 * Delairea Lem. – capeivy
 * Delamerea S.Moore
 * Delilia Spreng.
 * Delwiensia W.A.Weber & R.C.Wittmann
 * Dendrocacalia (Nakai) Nakai
 * Dendrophorbium (Cuatrec.) C.Jeffrey
 * Dendrosenecio (Hauman ex Humbert) B.Nord.
 * Dendroviguiera E.E.Schill. & Panero
 * Denekia Thunb.
 * Desmanthodium Benth.
 * Dewildemania O.Hoffm.
 * Diacranthera R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Diaperia Nutt.
 * Diaphractanthus Humbert
 * Dicercoclados C.Jeffrey & Y.L.Chen
 * Dicerothamnus Koek.
 * Dichaetophora A.Gray
 * Dichrocephala L'Hér. ex DC.
 * Dichromochlamys Dunlop
 * Dicoma Cass.
 * Dicomopsis S.Ortiz
 * Dicoria Torr. & A.Gray – twinbugs
 * Dicranocarpus A.Gray
 * Didelta L'Hér.
 * Dielitzia P.S.Short
 * Dieteria Nutt.
 * Digitacalia Pippen
 * Dillandia V.A.Funk & H.Rob.
 * Dimeresia A.Gray
 * Dimerostemma Cass.
 * Dimorphocoma F.Muell. & Tate
 * Dimorphotheca Moench – cape marigold
 * Diodontium F.Muell.
 * Diplostephium Kunth
 * Dipterocome Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
 * Dipterocypsela S.F.Blake
 * Disparago Gaertn.
 * Dissothrix A.Gray
 * Distephanus Cass.
 * Disynaphia DC.
 * Dithyrostegia A.Gray
 * Dittrichia Greuter
 * Doellingeria Nees – whitetop
 * Dolichlasium Lag.
 * Dolichoglottis B.Nord.
 * Dolichorrhiza (Pojark.) Galushko
 * Dolichothrix Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
 * Dolomiaea DC.
 * Doniophyton Wedd.
 * Dorobaea Cass.
 * Doronicum L. – false leopardbane
 * Dresslerothamnus H.Rob.
 * Dubautia Gaudich.
 * Dubyaea DC.
 * Dugesia A.Gray
 * Duhaldea DC.
 * Duidaea S.F.Blake
 * Duseniella K.Schum.
 * Dymondia Compton
 * Dysaster H.Rob. & V.A.Funk
 * Dyscritothamnus B.L.Rob.
 * Dysodiopsis Rydb. – dogfennel
 * Dyssodia Cav. – dogweed

E
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Eastwoodia Brandegee
 * Eatonella A.Gray
 * Echinacea Moench – coneflower
 * Echinocoryne H.Rob.
 * Echinops L. – globethistle
 * Eclipta L.
 * Edmondia Cass.
 * Egletes Cass. – tropic daisy
 * Eirmocephala H.Rob.
 * Eitenia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Ekmania Gleason
 * Ekmaniopappus Borhidi
 * Elachanthus F.Muell.
 * Elaphandra Strother
 * Electranthera Mesfin, D.J.Crawford & Pruski
 * Elekmania B.Nord.
 * Elephantopus L. – elephantsfoot
 * Eleutheranthera Poit.
 * Ellenbergia Cuatrec.
 * Elytropappus Cass.
 * Emilia Cass. – tasselflower
 * Encelia Adans. – brittlebush
 * Enceliopsis (A.Gray) A.Nelson – sunray
 * Endocellion Turcz. ex Herder
 * Endopappus Sch.Bip.
 * Engelmannia Torr. & A.Gray – Engelmann's daisy
 * Engleria O.Hoffm.
 * Enydra Lour. – swampwort
 * Epaltes Cass.
 * Ephedrides G.L.Nesom
 * Epilasia (Bunge) Benth. & Hook.f.
 * Epitrachys (DC. ex Duby) K.Koch
 * Epitriche Turcz.
 * Erato DC.
 * Erechtites Raf. – burnweed
 * Eremanthus Less.
 * Eremosis (DC.) Gleason
 * Eremothamnus O.Hoffm.
 * Eriachaenium Sch.Bip.
 * Ericameria Nutt. – goldenbush, heath goldenrod
 * Ericentrodea S.F.Blake & Sherff
 * Erigeron L. – daisy, fleabane
 * Eriocephalus L.
 * Eriochlamys Sond. & F.Muell.
 * Eriophyllum Lag. – woolly sunflower
 * Eriotrix Cass.
 * Erlangea Sch.Bip.
 * Erodiophyllum F.Muell.
 * Erymophyllum Paul G.Wilson
 * Erythrocephalum Benth.
 * Erythroseris N.Kilian & Gemeinholzer
 * Eschenbachia Moench
 * Espejoa DC.
 * Espeletia Bonpl. – frailejón
 * Ethulia L.f.
 * Euchiton Cass. – cudweed
 * Eumorphia DC.
 * Eupatoriastrum Greenm.
 * Eupatorina R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Eupatoriopsis Hieron.
 * Eupatorium L. – thoroughwort, snakeweed
 * Euphrosyne DC.
 * Eurybia (Cass.) Cass.
 * Eurydochus Maguire & Wurdack
 * Euryops (Cass.) Cass.
 * Eutetras A.Gray
 * Euthamia (Nutt.) Cass. – goldentop
 * Eutrochium Raf. – Joe-Pye weed
 * Ewartia Beauverd
 * Ewartiothamnus Anderb.
 * Exomiocarpon Lawalrée
 * Exostigma G.Sancho

F
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Faberia Hemsl. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.
 * Facelis Cass. – trampweed
 * Famatinanthus Ariza & S.E.Freire
 * Farfugium Lindl.
 * Faujasia Cass.
 * Faujasiopsis C.Jeffrey
 * Faxonia Brandegee
 * Feddea Urb.
 * Feldstonia P.S.Short
 * Felicia Cass.
 * Femeniasia Susanna
 * Fenixia Merr.
 * Ferreyranthus H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Ferreyrella S.F.Blake
 * Filago Loefl. – cottonrose
 * Filifolium Kitam.
 * Fitchia Hook.f.
 * Fitzwillia P.S.Short
 * Flaveria Juss. – yellowtops
 * Fleischmannia Sch.Bip. – thoroughwort
 * Fleischmanniopsis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Florestina Cass.
 * Floscaldasia Cuatrec.
 * Flosmutisia Cuatrec.
 * Flourensia DC. – tarwort
 * Fluminaria N.G.Bergh
 * Flyriella R.M.King & H.Rob. – brickellbush
 * Formania W.W.Sm. & Small
 * Foveolina Källersjö
 * Freya V.M.Badillo
 * Fulcaldea Poir.

G
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Gaillardia Foug. – blanketflower
 * Galactites Moench
 * Galatella Cass.
 * Galeana La Llave
 * Galeomma Rauschert
 * Galgera Anderb. & Bengtson
 * Galinsoga Ruiz & Pav. – gallant-soldier
 * Galinsogeopsis Sch.Bip.
 * Gamochaeta Wedd. – everlasting
 * Garberia A.Gray
 * Garcibarrigoa Cuatrec.
 * Gardnerina R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Garhadiolus Jaub. & Spach
 * Garuleum Cass.
 * Gazania Gaertn.
 * Geigeria Griess.
 * Geissolepis B.L.Rob.
 * Gelasia Cass.
 * Geraea Torr. & A.Gray – desert sunflower
 * Gerbera L. – Gerbera or Transvaal daisy
 * Geropogon L.
 * Gibbaria Cass.
 * Gilberta Turcz.
 * Gilruthia Ewart
 * Gladiopappus Humbert
 * × Glebianthemum J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores
 * Glebionis Cass.
 * Glossarion Maguire & Wurdack
 * Glossocardia Cass.
 * Glossopappus Kunze
 * Glyptopleura D.C.Eaton
 * Gnaphaliothamnus Kirp.
 * Gnaphalium L. – cudweed
 * Gnephosis Cass.
 * Gnomophalium Greuter
 * Gochnatia Kunth
 * Goldmanella Greenm.
 * Gongrostylus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Gongylolepis Schomb.
 * Goniocaulon Cass.
 * Gonospermum Less.
 * Gonzalezia E.E.Schill. & Panero
 * Gorceixia Baker
 * Gorteria L.
 * Gossweilera S.Moore
 * Goyazianthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Grangea Adans.
 * Grangeopsis Humbert
 * Graphistylis B.Nord.
 * Gratwickia F.Muell.
 * Grauanthus Fayed
 * Grazielia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Greenmaniella W.M.Sharp
 * Grindelia Willd. – gumweed
 * Grisebachianthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Grosvenoria R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Guardiola Cerv. ex Bonpl.
 * Guayania R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Guevaria R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Guizotia Cass.
 * Gundelia L.
 * Gundlachia A.Gray
 * Gutenbergia Sch.Bip.
 * Gutierrezia Lag. – snakeweed
 * Guynesomia Bonif. & G.Sancho
 * Gymnanthemum Cass.
 * Gymnarrhena Desf.
 * Gymnocondylus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Gymnocoronis DC.
 * Gymnodiscus Less.
 * Gymnolaena Rydb.
 * Gymnopentzia Benth.
 * Gymnosperma Less.
 * Gynoxys Cass.
 * Gynura Cass.
 * Gypothamnium Phil.
 * Gyptidium R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Gyptis Cass.
 * Gyrodoma Wild

H
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Haastia Hook.f.
 * Haeckeria F.Muell.
 * Haegiela P.S.Short & Paul G.Wilson
 * Hainanecio Ying Liu & Q.E.Yang
 * Handelia Heimerl
 * Haplocarpha Less. – onefruit
 * Haploesthes A.Gray – false broomweed
 * Haplopappus Cass.
 * Haplosticha Phil.
 * Haptotrichion Paul G.Wilson
 * Harleya S.F.Blake
 * Harmonia B.G.Baldwin
 * Harnackia Urb.
 * Haroldia Bonif.
 * Hartwrightia A.Gray
 * Hasteola Raf. – false Indian plantain
 * Hatschbachiella R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Hazardia Greene – bristleweed
 * Hebeclinium DC. – thoroughwort
 * Hecastocleis A.Gray
 * Hedosyne Strother
 * Hedypnois Mill.
 * Heiseria E.E.Schill. & Panero
 * Helenium L. – sneezeweed
 * Helianthella Torr. & A.Gray
 * Helianthus L. – sunflowers
 * Helichrysopsis Kirp.
 * Helichrysum Mill. – strawflower, everlasting
 * Heliocauta Humphries
 * Heliomeris Nutt. – false goldeneye
 * Heliopsis Pers.
 * Helminthotheca Zinn
 * Helodeaster G.L.Nesom
 * Helogyne Nutt.
 * Hemizonella A.Gray
 * Hemizonia DC. – tarweed
 * Henricksonia B.L.Turner
 * Heptanthus Griseb.
 * Herderia Cass.
 * Herodotia Urb. & Ekman
 * Herreranthus B.Nord.
 * Hertia Less.
 * Hesperevax A.Gray – dwarf-cudweed
 * Hesperomannia A.Gray – island-aster
 * Heteracia Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
 * Heteranthemis Schott – oxeye
 * Heterocoma DC.
 * Heterocondylus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Heterocypsela H.Rob.
 * Heteroderis Boiss.
 * Heterolepis Cass.
 * Heteromera Pomel
 * Heteromma Benth.
 * Heteroplexis C.C.Chang
 * Heterorhachis Sch.Bip. ex Walp.
 * Heterosperma Cav.
 * Heterotheca Cass. – goldenasters, camphorweed, telegraph weed
 * Hidalgoa La Llave
 * Hieracium L. – hawkweed
 * Hilliardia B.Nord.
 * Hilliardiella H.Rob.
 * Hinterhubera Sch.Bip. ex Wedd.
 * Hippia L.
 * Hippolytia Poljakov
 * Hirpicium Cass.
 * Hirtellina Cass.
 * Hispidella Barnadez ex Lam.
 * Hoehnephytum Cabrera
 * Hoffmannanthus H.Rob., S.C.Keeley & Skvarla
 * Hoffmanniella Schltr. ex Lawalrée
 * Hofmeisteria Walp.
 * Holocarpha Greene – tarweed
 * Holocheilus Cass.
 * Hololeion Kitam.
 * Hololepis DC.
 * Holoschkuhria H.Rob.
 * Holozonia Greene
 * Homogyne Cass.
 * Hoplophyllum DC.
 * Huarpea Cabrera
 * Huberopappus Pruski
 * Hubertia Bory
 * Hughesia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Hullsia P.S.Short
 * Hulsea Torr. & A.Gray – alpinegold
 * Humbertacalia C.Jeffrey
 * Humeocline Anderb.
 * Hyalis D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.
 * Hyalochlamys A.Gray
 * Hyaloseris Griseb.
 * Hyalosperma Steetz
 * Hybridella Cass.
 * Hydroidea P.O.Karis
 * Hydropectis Rydb.
 * Hymenocephalus Jaub. & Spach
 * Hymenolepis Cass.
 * Hymenonema Cass.
 * Hymenopappus L'Her.
 * Hymenostemma Kunze ex Willk.
 * Hymenostephium Benth.
 * Hymenothrix A.Gray – thimblehead
 * Hymenoxys Cass. – rubberweed
 * Hyoseris L.
 * Hypericophyllum Steetz
 * Hypochaeris L. – catsear
 * Hysterionica Willd.
 * Hystrichophora Mattf.

I
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Ianthopappus Roque & D.J.N.Hind
 * Ichthyothere Mart.
 * Idiopappus H.Rob. & Panero
 * Idiothamnus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Ifloga Cass.
 * Ignurbia B.Nord.
 * Iltisia S.F.Blake
 * Imeria R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Indocypraea Orchard
 * Inezia E.Phillips
 * Inkaliabum D.G.Gut.
 * Inula L. – yellowhead
 * Inulanthera Källersjö
 * Inulopsis O.Hoffm.
 * Io B.Nord.
 * Iodocephalopsis Bunwong & H.Rob.
 * Iogeton Strother
 * Ionactis Greene – stiff-leaved asters
 * Iostephane Benth.
 * Iotasperma G.L.Nesom
 * Iphiona Cass.
 * Iphionopsis Anderb.
 * Iranecio B.Nord.
 * Iranoaster Kaz.Osaloo, Farhani & Mozaff.
 * Ischnea F.Muell.
 * Ismelia Cass.
 * Isocarpha Less. – pearlhead
 * Isocoma Nutt. – goldenbush, jimmyweed
 * Isoetopsis Turcz.
 * Isostigma Less.
 * Iva L. – marshelder, sumpweed
 * Ixeridium (A.Gray) Tzvelev
 * Ixeris (Cass.) Cass.
 * Ixiochlamys F.Muell. & Sond.
 * Ixiolaena Benth.
 * Ixodia R.Br.
 * × Ixyoungia Kitam.

J
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Jacmaia B.Nord.
 * Jacobaea Mill.
 * Jaegeria Kunth
 * Jalantzia D.J.N.Hind
 * Jalcophila M.O.Dillon & Sagást.
 * Jaliscoa S.Watson
 * Jamesianthus S.F.Blake & Sherff
 * Japonicalia C.Ren & Q.E.Yang
 * Jaramilloa R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Jasonia Cass.
 * Jaumea Pers.
 * Jefea Strother
 * Jeffreya Cabrera
 * Jeffreycia H.Rob., S.C.Keeley & Skvarla
 * Jensia B.G.Baldwin
 * Jessea H.Rob. & Cuatrec.
 * Joseanthus H.Rob.
 * Jungia L.f.
 * Jurinea Cass.

K
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Karelinia Less.
 * Karvandarina Rech.f.
 * Kaschgaria Poljakov
 * Katinasia Bonif.
 * Kaunia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Kemulariella Tamamsch.
 * Keysseria Lauterb.
 * Khasianthus H.Rob. & Skvarla
 * Kieslingia Faúndez, Saldivia & A.E.Martic.
 * Kinghamia C.Jeffrey
 * Kingianthus H.Rob.
 * Kippistia F.Muell.
 * Klasea Cass.
 * Klaseopsis L.Martins
 * Kleinia Mill.
 * Koanophyllon Arruda – thoroughwort
 * Koehneola Urb.
 * Koelpinia Pall.
 * Koyamasia H.Rob.
 * Krigia Schreb. – dwarf dandelion
 * Kurziella H.Rob. & Bunwong
 * Kyhosia B.G.Baldwin
 * Kyrsteniopsis R.M.King & H.Rob

L
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Lachanodes DC.
 * Lachnophyllum Bunge
 * Lachnorhiza A.Rich.
 * Lachnospermum Willd.
 * Lactuca L. – lettuce
 * Laennecia Cass.
 * Laestadia Kunth ex Less.
 * Lagascea Cav.
 * Lagenocypsela Swenson & K.Bremer
 * Lagenophora Cass. – island-daisy
 * Laggera Sch.Bip. ex Benth.
 * Lagophylla Nutt. – hareleaf
 * Lagoseriopsis Kirp.
 * Lamprocephalus B.Nord.
 * Lampropappus (O.Hoffm.) H.Rob.
 * Lamyropappus Knorring & Tamamsch.
 * Lamyropsis (Kharadze) Dittrich
 * Landerolaria G.L.Nesom
 * Langebergia Anderb.
 * Lantanopsis C.Wright ex Griseb.
 * Laphamia A.Gray
 * Lapidia Roque & S.C.Ferreira
 * Lapsana L. – nipplewort
 * Lapsanastrum Pak & K.Bremer
 * Lasianthaea DC.
 * Lasiocephalus Willd. ex D.F.K.Schltdl.
 * Lasiolaena R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Lasiopogon Cass.
 * Lasiospermum Lag. – cocoonhead
 * Lasthenia Cass. – goldfield
 * Launaea Cass. – aulaga
 * Lawrencella Lindl.
 * Layia Hook. & Arn. ex DC. – tidytips
 * Lecocarpus Decne.
 * Leibnitzia Cass. – sunbonnets
 * Leiboldia Schltdl.
 * Leiocarpa Paul G.Wilson
 * Lemooria P.S.Short
 * Leonis B.Nord.
 * Leontodon L. – hawkbit
 * Leontopodium R.Br. ex Cass. – edelweiss
 * × Leontoroides B.Bock
 * Lepidaploa (Cass.) Cass.
 * Lepidesmia Klatt
 * Lepidolopha C.Winkl.
 * Lepidolopsis Poljakov
 * Lepidonia S.F.Blake
 * Lepidophorum Neck. ex DC.
 * Lepidophyllum Cass.
 * Lepidospartum A.Gray – broomsage
 * Lepidostephium Oliv.
 * Leptinella Cass. – brass buttons, creeping cotula
 * Leptocarpha DC.
 * Leptoclinium Gardner ex Benth. & Hook.f.
 * Leptorhynchos Less. – scaly button
 * Leptostelma D.Don ex G.Don
 * Lescaillea Griseb.
 * Lessingia Cham. – vinegarweed
 * Lessingianthus H.Rob.
 * Lettowia H.Rob. & Skvarla
 * Leucactinia Rydb.
 * × Leucantanacetum Rauschert
 * Leucanthemella Tzvelev
 * Leucanthemopsis (Giroux) Heywood
 * Leucanthemum Mill. – daisy, oxeye daisy
 * Leucheria Lag.
 * Leucoblepharis Arn.
 * Leucochrysum (DC.) Paul G.Wilson
 * Leucogenes Beauverd
 * Leucomeris D.Don
 * Leucophyta R.Br.
 * Leucoptera B.Nord
 * Leucosyris Greene
 * Leunisia Phil.
 * Leuzea DC.
 * Leysera L.
 * Liabum Adans.
 * Liatris Gaertn. ex Schreb. – blazing star, gay feather
 * Libinhania N.Kilian, Galbany, Oberpr. & A.G.Mill.
 * Lidbeckia P.J.Bergius
 * Lifago Schweinf. & Muschl.
 * Ligularia Cass.
 * Ligulariopsis Y.L.Chen
 * Lihengia Y.S.Chen & R.Ke
 * Limbarda Adans.
 * Lindheimera A.Gray & Engelm.
 * Linealia G.L.Nesom
 * Linochilus Benth.
 * Linzia Sch.Bip. ex Walp.
 * Lipoblepharis Orchard
 * Lipochaeta DC. – nehe
 * Lipotriche R.Br.
 * Lipschitzia Zaika, Sukhor. & N.Kilian
 * Litogyne Harv.
 * Litothamnus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Llerasia Triana
 * Logfia Cass. – cottonrose
 * Lomanthus B.Nord. & Pelser
 * Lomatozona Baker
 * Lonas Adans.
 * Lophiolepis Cass.
 * Lopholaena DC.
 * Lophopappus Rusby
 * Lorandersonia Urbatsch, R.P.Roberts & Neubig
 * Lordhowea B.Nord.
 * Lorentzianthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Lourteigia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Lowryanthus Pruski
 * Loxothysanus B.L.Rob.
 * Lucilia Cass.
 * Luina Benth. – silverback
 * Lulia Zardini
 * Lundellianthus H.Rob.
 * Lundinia B.Nord.
 * Lycapsus Phil.
 * Lychnocephalus Mart. ex DC.
 * Lychnophora Mart.
 * Lychnophorella Loeuille, Semir & Pirani
 * Lycoseris Cass.
 * Lygodesmia D.Don – skeleton weed

M
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Machaeranthera Nees – goldenweed, tansyaster
 * Macledium Cass.
 * Macrachaenium Hook.f.
 * Macrolearia Saldivia
 * Macropodina R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Macvaughiella R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Madagaster G.L.Nesom
 * Madia Molina – tarweed
 * Mairia Nees
 * Malacothrix DC. – desert dandelion
 * Malmeanthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Malperia S.Watson
 * Mantisalca Cass.
 * Manyonia H.Rob.
 * Marasmodes DC.
 * Marshallia Schreb. – Barbara's buttons
 * Marshalljohnstonia Henrickson
 * Marticorenia Crisci
 * Maschalostachys Loeuille & Roque
 * Matricaria L. – mayweed
 * Mattfeldanthus H.Rob. & R.M.King
 * Mattfeldia Urb.
 * Mauranthemum Vogt & Oberpr.
 * Mecomischus Coss. ex Benth. & Hook.f.
 * Medranoa Urbatsch & R.P.Roberts
 * Melampodium L. – blackfoot
 * Melanodendron DC.
 * Melanoseris Decne.
 * Melanthera Rohr – squarestem
 * Merrittia Merr.
 * Mesanthophora H.Rob.
 * Mesogramma DC.
 * Metalasia R.Br.
 * Mexerion G.L.Nesom
 * Mexianthus B.L.Rob.
 * Micractis DC.
 * Microcephala Pobed.
 * Microglossa DC.
 * Microgyne Cass.
 * Microliabum Cabrera
 * Micropsis DC.
 * Micropus L. – cottonseed
 * Microseris D.Don – silverpuffs, yam daisy
 * Microspermum Lag.
 * Mikania Willd. – hempvine
 * Mikaniopsis Milne-Redh.
 * Milleria Houst. ex L.
 * Millotia Cass.
 * Minasia H.Rob.
 * Minuria DC.
 * Miricacalia Kitam.
 * Misbrookea V.A.Funk
 * Mixtecalia Redonda-Mart., García-Mend. & D.Sandoval
 * Mniodes (A.Gray) Benth.
 * Mojiangia Ze H.Wang, N.Kilian & H.Peng
 * Monactinocephalus Klatt
 * Monactis Kunth
 * Monarrhenus Cass.
 * Monogereion G.M.Barroso & R.M.King
 * Monolopia DC.
 * Monoptilon Torr. & A.Gray – desertstar
 * Monosis DC.
 * Montanoa Cerv.
 * Monticalia C.Jeffrey
 * Moonia Arn.
 * Moquinia DC.
 * Moquiniastrum (Cabrera) G.Sancho
 * Morithamnus R.M.King, H.Rob. & G.M.Barroso
 * Moscharia Ruiz & Pav.
 * Msuata O.Hoffm.
 * Mtonia Beentje
 * Muellerolaria G.L.Nesom
 * Munnozia Ruiz & Pav.
 * Munzothamnus P.H.Raven
 * Muschleria S.Moore
 * Muscosomorphe J.C.Manning
 * Mutisia L.f.
 * Myanmaria H.Rob.
 * Myopordon Boiss.
 * Myriactis Less.
 * Myriocephalus Benth.
 * Myripnois Bunge
 * Myrovernix Koek.
 * Myxopappus Källersjö

N
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Nabalus Cass.
 * Nahuatlea V.A.Funk
 * Nananthea DC.
 * Nannoglottis Maxim.
 * Nardophyllum Hook. & Arn.
 * Narvalina Cass.
 * Nassauvia Comm. ex Juss.
 * Neblinaea Maguire & Wurdack
 * Neja D.Don
 * Nelsonianthus H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Nemosenecio (Kitam.) B.Nord.
 * Neobrachyactis Brouillet
 * Neocabreria R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Neocuatrecasia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Neojeffreya Cabrera
 * Neolaria G.L.Nesom
 * Neomirandea R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Neopallasia Poljakov
 * Neotysonia Dalla Torre & Harms
 * Nesampelos B.Nord.
 * Nesomia B.L.Turner
 * Nesothamnus Rydb.
 * Nestlera Spreng.
 * Nestotus R.P.Roberts, Urbatsch & Neubig
 * Neurolaena R.Br.
 * Neurolakis Mattf.
 * Nicolasia S.Moore
 * Nicolletia A.Gray – hole-in-the-sand
 * Nidorella Cass.
 * Nipponanthemum (Kitam.) Kitam.
 * Nivellea B.H.Wilcox, K.Bremer & Humphries
 * Nolletia Cass.
 * Nothobaccharis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Nothoschkuhria B.G.Baldwin
 * Nothovernonia H.Rob. & V.A.Funk
 * Noticastrum DC.
 * Notisia P.S.Short
 * Notobasis (Cass.) Cass. – Syrian thistle
 * Notopappus Klingenb.
 * Notoseris C.Shih
 * Nouelia Franch.
 * Novaguinea D.J.N.Hind
 * Novenia S.E.Freire
 * Nuriaea Susanna, Calleja & Moreyra

O
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Oblivia Strother
 * Ochrocephala Dittrich
 * Oclemena Greene
 * Odixia Orchard
 * Odontocline B.Nord.
 * Oedera L.
 * Okia H.Rob. & Skvarla
 * Oldenburgia Less.
 * Oldfeltia B.Nord. & Lundin
 * Olearia Moench
 * Olgaea Iljin
 * Oligactis Cass.
 * Oliganthes Cass.
 * Oligochaeta K.Koch
 * Oligothrix DC.
 * Omalotheca Cass. – arctic cudweed
 * Omphalopappus O.Hoffm.
 * Oncosiphon Källersjö
 * Ondetia Benth.
 * Onopordum L. – cotton thistle
 * Onoseris Willd.
 * Oocephala (S.B.Jones) H.Rob.
 * Oonopsis (Nutt.) Greene – false goldenweed
 * Oparanthus Sherff
 * Ophryosporus Meyen
 * Opisthopappus C.Shih
 * Orbivestus H.Rob.
 * Oreochrysum Rydb.
 * Oreoseris DC.
 * Oreostemma Greene
 * Oresbia Cron & B.Nord.
 * Oriastrum Poepp.
 * Oritrophium (Kunth) Cuatrec.
 * Orochaenactis Coville
 * Orthopappus Gleason
 * Ortizacalia Pruski
 * Osbertia Greene
 * Osmadenia Nutt.
 * Osmiopsis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Osmitopsis Cass.
 * Osteospermum L.
 * Oteiza La Llave
 * Othonna L.
 * Otoglyphis Pomel
 * Otopappus Benth.
 * Otospermum Willk.
 * Oxycarpha S.F.Blake
 * Oxylaena Benth. ex Anderb.
 * Oxylobus (Moc. ex DC.) A.Gray
 * Oxypappus Benth.
 * Oxyphyllum Phil.
 * Oyedaea DC.
 * Ozothamnus R.Br.

P
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Pachylaena D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.
 * Pachystegia Cheeseman
 * Pacifigeron G.L.Nesom
 * Packera A.Love & D.Love
 * Pacourina Aubl.
 * Paenula Orchard
 * Palafoxia Lag. – palafox
 * Pallenis (Cass.) Cass.
 * Panaetia Cass.
 * Paneroa E.E.Schill.
 * Panphalea Lag.
 * Pappobolus S.F.Blake
 * Pappochroma Raf.
 * Papuacalia Veldkamp
 * Paquirea Panero & S.E.Freire
 * Paracalia Cuatrec.
 * Parafaujasia C.Jeffrey
 * Paragynoxys (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
 * Paralychnophora MacLeish
 * Paranephelius Poepp.
 * Parantennaria Beauverd
 * Parapiqueria R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Parapolydora H.Rob.
 * Paraprenanthes C.C.Chang ex C.Shih
 * Parasenecio W.W.Sm. & Small – Indian plantain
 * Parastrephia Nutt.
 * Parthenice A.Gray
 * Parthenium L. – feverfew, guayule
 * Pasaccardoa Kuntze
 * Pascalia Ortega
 * Paurolepis S.Moore
 * Pechuel-loeschea O.Hoffm.
 * Pectis L. – cinchweed, fetid marigold
 * Pegolettia Cass.
 * Pelucha S.Watson
 * Pembertonia P.S.Short
 * Pentacalia Cass.
 * Pentachaeta Nutt. – pygmy daisy
 * Pentalepis F.Muell.
 * Pentanema Cass.
 * Pentatrichia Klatt
 * Pentzia Thunb.
 * Perdicium L.
 * Perezia Lag.
 * Pericallis D.Don – includes florist's cineraria
 * Pericome A.Gray
 * Peripleura (N.T.Burb.) G.L.Nesom
 * Perityle Benth. – rock daisy
 * Perralderia Coss.
 * Pertya Sch.Bip.
 * Perymeniopsis H.Rob.
 * Perymenium Schrad.
 * Petalacte D.Don
 * Petasites Mill. – butterbur
 * Peteravenia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Petradoria Greene – rock goldenrod
 * Petrobium R.Br.
 * Peucephyllum A.Gray
 * Phacellothrix F.Muell.
 * Phaenocoma D.Don
 * Phagnalon Cass.
 * Phalacrachena Iljin
 * Phalacraea DC.
 * Phalacrocarpum Willk.
 * Phalacroseris A.Gray – mock dandelion
 * Phaneroglossa B.Nord.
 * Phania DC.
 * Phaseolaster G.L.Nesom
 * Philactis Schrad.
 * Philoglossa DC.
 * Phitosia Kamari & Greuter
 * Phoebanthus S.F.Blake – false sunflower
 * Phonus Hill
 * Phyllocephalum Blume
 * Phymaspermum Less.
 * Picnomon Adans.
 * Picradeniopsis Rydb. – bahia
 * Picris L. – oxtongue
 * Picrosia D.Don
 * Pilbara Lander
 * Pilosella Hill
 * Pinaropappus Less. – rock lettuce
 * Pinillosia Ossa
 * Piora J.Kost.
 * Pippenalia McVaugh
 * Piptocarpha R.Br. – ash daisy
 * Piptocoma Less. – velvetshrub
 * Piptolepis Sch.Bip.
 * Piqueria Cav.
 * Piqueriella R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Pithocarpa Lindl.
 * Pittocaulon H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Pityopsis Nutt. – silkgrass
 * Pladaroxylon (Endl.) Hook.f.
 * Plagiobasis Schrenk
 * Plagiocheilus Arn. ex DC.
 * Plagiolophus Greenm.
 * Plagius L'Her. ex DC.
 * Planaltoa Taub.
 * Planea P.O.Karis
 * Plateilema Cockerell
 * Platycarpha Less.
 * Platycarphella V.A.Funk & H.Rob.
 * Platypodanthera R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Platyschkuhria Rydb. – basin daisy
 * Plazia Ruiz & Pav.
 * Plecostachys Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
 * Plectocephalus D.Don
 * Pleiacanthus (Nutt.) Rydb.
 * Pleiotaxis Steetz
 * Pleocarphus D.Don
 * Pleurocarpaea Benth.
 * Pleurocoronis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Pleurophyllum Hook.f.
 * Pluchea Cass. – camphorweed, fleabane
 * Podachaenium Benth. ex Oerst.
 * Podanthus Lag.
 * Podocoma Cass.
 * Podolepis Labill.
 * Podotheca Cass.
 * Poecilolepis Grau
 * Pogonolepis Steetz
 * Pojarkovia Askerova
 * Poljakanthema Kamelin
 * Poljakovia Grubov & Filatova
 * Polyachyrus Lag.
 * Polyanthina R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Polyarrhena Cass.
 * Polycalymma F.Muell. & Sond.
 * Polymnia Kalm
 * Porophyllum Guett. – poreleaf
 * Porphyrostemma Benth. ex Oliv.
 * Praxeliopsis G.M.Barroso
 * Praxelis Cass.
 * Prenanthes L. – rattlesnakeroot
 * Prestelia Sch.Bip. ex Benth. & Hook.f.
 * Printzia Cass.
 * Prolobus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Prolongoa Boiss.
 * Proteopsis Mart. & Zucc. ex Sch.Bip.
 * Proustia Lag.
 * Psacaliopsis H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Psacalium Cass. – Indianbush
 * Psathyrotes A.Gray – turtleback, brittlestem
 * Psathyrotopsis Rydb.
 * Psednotrichia Hiern
 * Psephellus Cass.
 * Pseudelephantopus Rohr – dog's-tongue
 * Pseudoagarista Mesfin & D.J.Crawford
 * Pseudobaccharis Cabrera
 * Pseudobahia Rydb. – sunburst
 * Pseudoblepharispermum J.-P.Lebrun & Stork
 * Pseudobrickellia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Pseudoclappia Rydb. – false clapdaisy
 * Pseudoconyza Cuatrec.
 * Pseudoglossanthis Poljakov
 * Pseudognaphalium Kirp. – cudweed
 * Pseudogynoxys (Greenm.) Cabrera
 * Pseudohandelia Tzvelev
 * Pseudonoseris H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Pseudopegolettia H.Rob., Skvarla & V.A.Funk
 * Pseudopiptocarpha H.Rob.
 * Pseudopodospermum (Lipsch. & Krasch.) Kuth.
 * Pseudostifftia H.Rob.
 * Psiadia Jacq.
 * Psilactis A.Gray – tansyaster
 * Psilocarphus Nutt. – woollyheads
 * Psilostrophe DC. – paperflower
 * Psychrogeton Boiss.
 * Pterachaenia (Benth. & Hook.f.) Lipsch.
 * Pterocaulon Elliott – blackroot
 * Pterochaeta Steetz
 * Pteronia L.
 * Pterothrix DC.
 * Pterygopappus Hook.f.
 * Ptilostemon Cass.
 * Pulicaria Gaertn. – false fleabane
 * Pulicarioidea Bunwong, Chantar. & S.C.Keeley
 * Pycnosorus Benth.
 * Pyrrhopappus DC. – desert chicory
 * Pyrrocoma Hook. – goldenweed
 * Pytinicarpa G.L.Nesom

Q
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Quadribractea Orchard
 * Quasiantennaria R.J.Bayer & M.O.Dillon
 * Quechualia H.Rob.
 * Quelchia N.E.Br.
 * Quinetia Cass.
 * Quinqueremulus Paul G.Wilson

R
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Rachelia J.M.Ward & Breitw.
 * Radlkoferotoma Kuntze
 * Rafinesquia Nutt. – California chicory
 * Raillardella (A.Gray) Benth. & Hook.f. – silvermat (?)
 * Rainiera Greene
 * Ramaliella Zaika, Sukhor. & N.Kilian
 * Raoulia Hook.f. – vegetable sheep
 * Raouliopsis S.F.Blake
 * Rastrophyllum Wild & G.V.Pope
 * Ratibida Raf. – prairie coneflower
 * Raulinoreitzia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Rayjacksonia R.L.Hartm. & M.A.Lane – tansyaster (?)
 * Reichardia Roth – brighteyes
 * Remya Hillebr. ex Benth. & Hook.f.
 * Rensonia S.F.Blake
 * Rhagadiolus Juss.
 * Rhamphogyne S.Moore
 * Rhanteriopsis Rauschert
 * Rhanterium Desf.
 * Rhaponticoides Vaill.
 * Rhetinocarpha Paul G.Wilson & M.A.Wilson
 * Rhetinolepis Coss.
 * Rhodanthe Lindl. – sunray
 * Rhodanthemum B.H.Wilcox, K.Bremer & Humphries
 * Rhynchopsidium DC.
 * Richterago Kuntze
 * Richteria Kar. & Kir.
 * Riencourtia Cass.
 * Rigiopappus A. Gray
 * Robinsonecio T.M.Barkley & Janovec
 * Robinsonia DC.
 * Rochonia DC.
 * Rockhausenia D.J.N.Hind
 * Roebuckiella P.S.Short
 * Roessleria Stångb. & Anderb.
 * Rojasianthe Standl. & Steyerm.
 * Rolandra Rottb. – yerba de plata
 * Roldana La Llave – groundsel
 * Roodebergia B.Nord.
 * Rothmaleria Font Quer
 * Rudbeckia L. – coneflower
 * Rugelia Shuttlew. ex Chapm. – Rugel's Indian plantain
 * Rumfordia DC.
 * Russowia C.Winkl.
 * Rutidosis DC.

S
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Sabazia Cass.
 * Sachsia Griseb.
 * Salcedoa  Jiménez Rodr. & Katinas
 * Salmea DC. – bejuco de miel
 * Sampera  V.A.Funk & H.Rob.
 * Sanrobertia G.L.Nesom
 * Santolina L. – lavender cotton
 * Santosia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Sanvitalia Lam. – creeping zinnia
 * Sarcanthemum  Cass.
 * Sartwellia A.Gray – glowwort
 * Saussurea DC. – saw-wort
 * Scabrethia  W.A.Weber
 * Scalesia Arn.
 * Scapisenecio Schmidt-Leb.
 * Scherya R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Schischkinia Iljin
 * Schistocarpha Less.
 * Schistostephium Less.
 * Schizogyne Cass.
 * Schizoptera Turcz.
 * Schizotrichia Benth.
 * Schkuhria Roth – false threadleaf
 * Schlagintweitia  Griseb.
 * Schlechtendalia Less.
 * Schoenia Steetz
 * Sciadocephala Mattf.
 * Sclerocarpus Jacq. – bonebract
 * Sclerolepis Cass. – bogbutton
 * Sclerorhachis (Rech.f.) Rech.f.
 * Scolymus Tourn. ex L. – golden thistle
 * Scorzonera L. – salsify
 * Scorzoneroides  Moench
 * Scrobicaria Cass.
 * Selloa Kunth
 * Semiria D.J.N.Hind
 * Senecio L. – groundsel, ragwort
 * Sericocarpus Nees – whitetop aster
 * Seriphium L.
 * Serratula L. – plumeless saw-wort
 * Shafera Greenm.
 * Shangwua  Yu J.Wang, Raab-Straube, Susanna & J.Quan Liu
 * Sheareria S.Moore
 * Shinnersia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Shinnersoseris Tomb – beaked skeletonweed
 * Siapaea Pruski
 * Sidneya  E.E.Schill. & Panero
 * Siebera J.Gay
 * Siemssenia Steetz
 * Sigesbeckia L. – St. Paul's wort
 * Siloxerus Labill.
 * Silphium L. – rosinweed
 * Silybum Adans. – milk thistle
 * Simsia Pers. – bush sunflower
 * Sinacalia H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Sinclairia Hook. & Arn.
 * Sinosenecio B.Nord.
 * Sinoseris N.Kilian, Ze H.Wang & H.Peng
 * Smallanthus Mack.
 * Soaresia Sch.Bip.
 * Solanecio (Sch.Bip.) Walp.
 * Solenogyne Cass.
 * Solidago L. – goldenrod
 * Soliva Ruiz & Pav. – burrweed
 * Sommerfeltia Less.
 * Sonchella  Sennikov
 * Sonchus L. – sow thistle, sowthistle
 * Sondottia P.S.Short
 * Soroseris Stebbins
 * Spaniopappus B.L.Rob.
 * Sphaeranthus L.
 * Sphaereupatorium Kuntze
 * Sphaeromorphaea DC.
 * Sphagneticola O.Hoffm. – creeping-oxeye
 * Spilanthes Jacq. – toothache flower
 * Spinoliva G.Sancho, Luebert & Katinas
 * Spiracantha Kunth – dogwoodleaf
 * Spiroseris Rech.f.
 * Spongotrichum (DC.) Nees ex Spach
 * Squamopappus R.K.Jansen, N.A.Harriman & Urbatsch
 * Stachycephalum Sch.Bip. ex Benth.
 * Staehelina L.
 * Standleyanthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Staurochlamys Baker
 * Steiractinia S.F.Blake
 * Steirodiscus Less.
 * Stenachaenium Benth.
 * Stenocarpha S.F.Blake
 * Stenocephalum Sch.Bip.
 * Stenocline DC.
 * Stenopadus S.F.Blake
 * Stenops B.Nord.
 * Stenotus Nutt. – mock goldenweed
 * Stephanbeckia H.Rob. & V.A.Funk
 * Stephanodoria Greene
 * Stephanomeria Nutt. – wire lettuce
 * Stevia Cav. – candyleaf
 * Steviopsis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Steyermarkina R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Stifftia J.C.Mikan
 * Stilpnogyne DC.
 * Stilpnolepis Krasch.
 * Stilpnopappus Mart. ex DC.
 * Stizolophus Cass.
 * Stoebe L.
 * Stokesia L'Hér.
 * Stomatanthes R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Stomatochaeta (S.F.Blake) Maguire & Wurdack
 * Stramentopappus H.Rob. & V.A.Funk
 * Streptoglossa Steetz ex F.Muell.
 * Strobocalyx (Blume ex DC.) Spach
 * Strotheria B.L.Turner
 * Struchium P.Browne
 * Stuartina Sond.
 * Stylocline Nutt. – neststraw, woolly fishhooks
 * Stylotrichium Mattf.
 * Symphyllocarpus Maxim.
 * Symphyopappus Turcz.
 * Symphyotrichum Nees
 * Syncalathium Lipsch.
 * Syncarpha DC.
 * Syncephalum DC.
 * Syncretocarpus S.F.Blake
 * Synedrella Gaertn.
 * Synedrellopsis Hieron. & Kuntze
 * Syneilesis Maxim.
 * Synotis (C.B.Clarke) C.Jeffrey & Y.L.Chen
 * Syntrichopappus A.Gray – Fremont's gold
 * Synurus Iljin
 * Syreitschikovia Pavlov

T
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Tagetes L. – marigold
 * Taimingasa  (Kitam.) C.Ren & Q.E.Yang
 * Takhtajaniantha  Nazarova
 * Talamancalia  H.Rob. & Cuatrec.
 * Talamancaster  Pruski
 * Tamananthus V.M.Badillo
 * Tamaulipa R.M.King & H.Rob. – boneset
 * Tanacetopsis  (Tzvelev) Kovalevsk.
 * Tanacetum L. – tansy, feverfew
 * Taplinia Lander
 * Taraxacum F.H.Wigg. – dandelion
 * Tarchonanthus L.
 * Tarlmounia H.Rob., S.C.Keeley, Skvarla & R.Chan
 * Tehuana  Panero & Villaseñor
 * Teixeiranthus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Telanthophora H.Rob. & Brettell
 * Telekia Baumg.
 * Telmatophila Mart. ex Baker
 * Tenrhynea Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
 * Tephroseris (Rchb.) Rchb. – fleawort
 * Tessaria Ruiz & Pav.
 * Tetrachyron Schltdl.
 * Tetradymia DC. – horsebrush
 * Tetragonotheca L. – nerveray
 * Tetramolopium Nees
 * Tetraneuris Greene – four-nerve daisy
 * Tetranthus Sw.
 * Tetraperone Urb.
 * Thaminophyllum Harv.
 * Thelesperma Less. – greenthread
 * Thespidium F.Muell. ex Benth.
 * Thespis DC.
 * Thevenotia DC.
 * Thiseltonia Hemsl.
 * Thurovia Rose
 * Thymophylla Lag. – pricklyleaf
 * Thymopsis Benth.
 * Tietkensia P.S.Short
 * Tilesia  G.Mey.
 * Tithonia Desf. ex Juss.
 * Toiyabea  R.P.Roberts, Urbatsch & Neubig
 * Tolpis Adans. – umbrella milkwort
 * Tomentaurum  G.L.Nesom
 * Tonestus A.Nelson – serpentweed
 * Tourneuxia Coss.
 * Townsendia Hook. – Townsend daisy
 * Tracyina S.F.Blake – Indian headdress
 * Tragopogon L. – goat's beard, salsify
 * Traversia Hook.f.
 * Trepadonia  H.Rob.
 * Trichanthemis Regel & Schmalh.
 * Trichanthodium Sond. & F.Muell.
 * Trichocline Cass.
 * Trichocoronis A.Gray – bugheal
 * Trichocoryne S.F.Blake
 * Trichogonia (DC.) Gardner
 * Trichogoniopsis R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Tricholepis DC.
 * Trichoptilium A.Gray
 * Trichospira Kunth
 * Tridactylina Sch.Bip.
 * Tridax L.
 * Trigonopterum  Steetz
 * Trigonospermum Less.
 * Trilisa (Cass.) Cass.
 * Trioncinia (F.Muell.) Veldkamp
 * × Tripleurocota Starm.
 * Tripleurospermum Sch.Bip. – mayweed
 * Triplocephalum O.Hoffm.
 * Tripolium Nees – sea aster (?)
 * Triptilion Ruiz & Pav.
 * Triptilodiscus Turcz.
 * Trixis Sw.
 * Troglophyton Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
 * Tuberculocarpus  Pruski
 * Tuberostylis Steetz
 * Tugarinovia Iljin
 * Turanecio  Hamzaoğlu
 * Turczaninovia  DC.
 * Tussilago L. – coltsfoot
 * Tuxtla Villaseñor & Strother
 * Tyleropappus Greenm. – synonym of Calea
 * Tyrimnus (Cass.) Bosc
 * Tzvelevopyrethrum  Kamelin

U
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Ugamia Pavlov
 * Uleophytum Hieron.
 * Uniyala  H.Rob. & Skvarla
 * Unxia Kunth
 * Urbinella Greenm.
 * Urmenetea Phil.
 * Urolepis (DC.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Urospermum Scop.
 * Urostemon  B.Nord.
 * Ursinia Gaertn.

V
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Varilla A.Gray
 * Vellereophyton Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
 * Venegasia DC.
 * Verbesina L. – crownbeard
 * Vernonanthura  H.Rob.
 * Vernonella  Sond.
 * Vernonia Schreb. – ironweed
 * Vernoniastrum  H.Rob.
 * Vicinia  G.L.Nesom
 * Vickia  Roque & G.Sancho
 * Vickifunkia  C.Ren, L.Wang, I.D.Illar. & Q.E.Yang
 * Vicoa  Cass.
 * Vieraea Sch.Bip.
 * Vigethia W.A.Weber
 * Viguiera Kunth – goldeneye
 * Villanova  Lag.
 * Villasenoria  B.L.Clark
 * Vinicia  Dematt.
 * Vittadinia A.Rich.
 * Vittetia R.M.King & H.Rob.
 * Vogtia Oberpr. & Sonboli
 * Volutaria Cass.

W
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Waitzia J.C.Wendl.
 * Walshia Jeanes
 * Walsholaria G.L.Nesom
 * Wamalchitamia Strother
 * Warionia Benth. & Coss.
 * Wedelia Jacq. – creepingoxeye
 * Welwitschiella O.Hoffm.
 * Werneria Kunth
 * Westoniella Cuatrec.
 * Wilkesia A.Gray – iliau
 * Willemetia Neck.
 * Wollastonia DC. ex Decne.
 * Wollemiaster G.L.Nesom
 * Wunderlichia Riedel ex Benth. & Hook.f.
 * Wyethia Nutt. – mule-ears

X
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited. Common names are cited individually.

 * Xanthisma DC. – sleepy-daisy
 * Xanthium L. – cocklebur
 * Xanthocephalum Willd.
 * Xanthopappus C.Winkl.
 * Xeranthemum L.
 * Xerochrysum Tzvelev
 * Xiphochaeta Poepp.
 * Xylanthemum Tzvelev
 * Xylorhiza Nutt. – woody-asters

Y
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited. Common names are cited individually.

 * Yariguianthus S.Diáz & Rodr.-Cabeza
 * Yermo Dorn – desert yellowhead
 * Youngia Cass.
 * Yunquea Skottsb.

Z
List of genera is from Plants of the World Online unless otherwise cited.

 * Zaluzania Pers.
 * Zandera D.L.Schulz
 * Zemisia B.Nord.
 * Zexmenia La Llave
 * Zinnia L.
 * Zoegea L.
 * Zyrphelis Cass.
 * Zyzyura H.Rob. & Pruski
 * Zyzyxia Strother

title: List of Asteraceae genera


text: Category:Pluto

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Pluto


text:
Talk:Interstellar cloud

First message from 2001
I believe the methods detailed explaining how IC's are analysed are the main methods used. The experiment detailing reaction rates has been moved to its own page. I think this is OK now... -- sodium

Densities
This page and related ones (ISM, molecular cloud, etc.) need typical densities, as well as external references. --zandperl 18:19, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

No chemistry?
No chemicals found in section Chemical compositions. Odd, isn't it? ... said: Rursus ( m bork³ ) 20:56, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

Add to Unexpected chemicals para
Research summary at https://www.space.com/interstellar-clouds-asteroids-amino-acids-building-blocks-life Parent publication (paywalled) https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00274 ACS Earth Space Chem. 2023, 7, 1, 156–167 Publication Date:January 9, 2023 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00274

Excerpt: "Coupled with newly detailed information about the ice composition of interstellar clouds from JWST, scientists may finally be able to determine for sure whether amino acids formed in our solar system or in interstellar space.

If the former, then it is possible that life could be unique to our solar system. If the latter, then amino acids should be spread far and wide across the Milky Way galaxy, raising the potential for life on planets around other stars."

Interesting stuff. Merits an add, I think. IF someone has access to that ACS journal, that would be helpful. Pete Tillman (talk) 19:56, 8 March 2023 (UTC)

You want to be committed in your email
Hi there I am interested in addition to the other side with colleagues and other people in addition of an appendices and the team at work but the team will already run through and they have not have enough of their own business and we will be the most important person ever for free of any means to 90.243.66.229 (talk) 09:43, 21 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Interstellar cloud


text:
Jacques Henri Lartigue

Jacques Henri Lartigue (13 June 1894 – 12 September 1986) was a French photographer and painter, known for his photographs of automobile races, planes and female Parisian fashion models.

Biography
Born in Courbevoie in western Paris to a wealthy family, Lartigue started taking photographs when he was seven. He photographed his friends and family at play – running and jumping; racing home-built race cars; making kites, gliders as well as aeroplanes; and climbing the Eiffel Tower. He was one of the first artists to use the Kodak Brownie camera for snapshots. He also photographed sport events, such as the Coupe Gordon Bennett and the French Grand Prix, early flights of aviation pioneers such as Gabriel Voisin, Louis Blériot, Hubert Latham, Louis Paulhan and Roland Garros. He also captured in his camera, tennis players such as Suzanne Lenglen at the French Open tennis championships. Many of his initial, famous photographs were originally captured in stereo, for example seen in Hidden Depths but he also produced a vast number of images in all formats and media including glass plates in various sizes, autochromes, and film. He developed his own photographs from a young age.

While he sold a few photographs to sporting magazines such as La Vie au Grand Air, in middle age he concentrated on painting which also was his source of income and living. However, he continued taking photographs and maintained written journals about them throughout his life. At the age of 69 his boyhood photographs were 'discovered' by Charles Rado of the Rapho agency who introduced Lartigue to John Szarkowski, curator of the Museum of Modern Art, who arranged an exhibition of his work at the museum. Life magazine published the photos in 1963.

This exhibition gained him fame and exposure to the industry. He then got opportunities to work with several fashion magazines and became famous in other countries as well. In 1974, he was commissioned by the newly elected President of France Valéry Giscard d'Estaing to shoot his official portrait. The result was a simple photo, simply lit, using the national flag as a background. He was rewarded with his first French retrospective at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs the following year, which paved the way for more commissions from fashion and decoration magazines.

Although best known as a photographer, Lartigue was also a good painter. He often showed up in the official salons in Paris and in the south of France from 1922. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was friends with a wide selection of literary and artistic celebrities including the playwright Sacha Guitry, the singer Yvonne Printemps, the painters Kees van Dongen, Pablo Picasso and the artist-playwright-filmmaker Jean Cocteau. He also worked on the sets of the film-makers Jacques Feyder, Abel Gance, Robert Bresson, François Truffaut and Federico Fellini, and many of these celebrities became the subject of his photographs. Lartigue, however, photographed everyone he came in contact with. His most frequent muses were his three wives, and his mistress of the early 1930s, the Romanian model Renée Perle.

His first book, Diary of a Century was published in collaboration with Richard Avedon. The book was mentioned at the Rencontres d'Arles Book Award in 1971. The next year he was elected as the festival's guest of honor. He continued taking photographs throughout the last three decades of his life, finally achieving commercial success. An evening screening was presented by Michel Tournier: "Jacques-Henri Lartigue & Jeanloup Sieff."

In 1974, his work was included in the group exhibition "Filleuls et parrains." In 1984, the movie "Lartigue, année 90," by François Reichenbach was released. At the same time his work "Les 6 x 13 de Jacques-Henri Lartigue" based on his stereo and panoramic photographs was exhibited in the festival. One of the evening's screenings was "J.-H. Lartigue, l'amateur de rêve" by Patrick Roegiers, in 1994, and a last exhibition was presented: "Lartigue a cent ans."

Collections
Lartigue's work is held in the permanent collections of many institutions worldwide, including the Harvard Art Museums, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the George Eastman Museum, the Detroit Institute of Arts, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Princeton University Art Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Museum of Contemporary Photography.

Award

 * 1984: The Cultural Award from the German Society for Photography (DGPh)

Legacy
With Albert Plécy and Raymond Grosset in 1954 Lartigue founded the Gens d'images, an association recognising those who, in a private or professional capacity, are concerned by still or moving images in any medium, which are pretexts for reflection and debate. It offers two awards for photography; the Niépce, and the Nadar Prizes.

Lartigue's son Dani, a painter and a noted entomologist specializing in butterflies, was patron of La Maison des Papillons, a small museum on a very narrow street in St. Tropez containing paintings and souvenirs of his father and a large artistically presented collection of butterflies.

American director Wes Anderson is a fan of Lartigue's work, and has referenced it in his films. A shot in Rushmore is based on one of his photographs, and Lartigue's likeness was the basis for the portrait of Lord Mandrake in The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou. 'Zissou' was also Lartigue's nickname for his brother Maurice.

A station on the T2 tram line in Issy-les-Moulineaux in southwestern Paris is named after Lartigue, adjacent to a street also named after him.

title: Jacques Henri Lartigue


text:
Talk:Interstellar cloud/to do

Moved from "Pages needing attention":
 * Interstellar dust should be a separate article, not a redirect to interstellar cloud (inaccurate)

title: Talk:Interstellar cloud/to do


text:
Talk:Sunrise problem

Why does this page exist?
This problem is equivalent to the problem of induction. I don't know why it has a separate page.

Others
...What? Jaberwocky6669 16:21, Aug 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * My thoughts exactly. From a Frequentist position (as I, apparently, hold), the question boils down to one of "how many days have there been where the sun hasn't risen?"  Add to that the normal definition of a day:  namely, an interval of time, at the beginning of which the sun rises; at some point during which, the sun sets; and at the end of which, the sun is just about to rise again.  Then the question is a tautology -- it's not a day if the sun doesn't rise!  Tomorrow is the day after today, and hey presto! the truth value of the statement "the sun will rise tomorrow" is certain, even if tomorrow doesn't happen.

 * If you didn't follow the (fairly tight) argument, suffice it to say I don't think the question of the sun's rising tomorrow has any real meaning -- it *will* rise tomorrow, by definition and the laws of physics. Wooster 10:26, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Not being a statistician, I found this article a bit difficult to follow. One difficulty concerns the difference between "probability" and "plausibility." The second sentence reads, "The sunrise problem illustrates the difficulty of using probability theory when evaluating the plausibility of statements or beliefs" (my emphasis). What, technically, is the distinction?

Also, I agree with Wooster, but would add this: This article displays the difficulty (or foolishness?) of trying to demonstrate a rigorous concept with an ill-defined example. I assume that the "problem" of whether the sun will rise tomorrow was chosen because the intuitive response is that the probability is 100%. The problem is interesting precisely because the offered statistical answer is so counter-intuitive. But looking more closely at the example (just what does it mean for the sun to "rise" "tomorrow"?) shows how muddy it is. If the point about statistics hasn't sunk in by that time (and it didn't for me), the use of an ill-defined example casts doubt on the worth of the whole exercise.

I also don't know whether this is a shortcoming of the "sunrise problem" itself, or only a shortcoming of how it is handled here.

--Old Nick 19:04, 5 Jan 2005 (UTC)

This is a very unhelpful and confused example of Bayesian reasoning. Bayesian reasoning requires specification of a prior probability and this may involve judgement and is thus controversial. There is a valid point to be made here about the difficulty of deriving prior probability from references examples. Trouble is, there is another component of Bayesian reasoning, namely the likelihood function. The likelihood is a mathematical model of how the data arise from some underlying chance process. The issue of an appropriate likelihood is being obscured here. Blaise 20:15, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Nice article. It could be made clearer. For those who are puzzled: the fact that something has always been observed, doesn't guarantee that it will always happen in the future. The law of nature explain what we observed in the past, and keep explaining what we observe today. But there is no guarantee that they will not cease explaining observations tomorrow. Who can give us this guarantee? --pippo2001 21:54, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I'm so out of it that even if the sun didn't come up tommorrow, then I wouldn't notice! Jaberwocky6669 00:21, Jun 26, 2005 (UTC)

I'm not so good at Bayesianism, but does this mean that the probability of survival increases as we get older? Every day I observe myself as alive should, by the logic in the article, increase the probability of my immortality. This is contrary to poular belief concerning mortality. Is this, however, correct reasoning according to Bayesianism? INic 00:47, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

Chapter 18 of Jaynes' book on Probability theory deals with this in detail; in viewing probability theory as generalised formal reasoning, we should not be surprised that a model gives nonsense if we don't feed it with all the correct data. The application of the rule of succession to sunrise ignores what we know about celestial mechanics; throwing away perfectly good information should always make us wary. Similarly, applying it to life expectancy, you would be ignoring what you know about biology and human life span. --genneth 00:21, 30 November 2005 (UTC)

Randomness
"We just need a hypothetical random process that determines the fact that the sun will rise tomorrow or not. Based on past observations, we can infer the parameters of this random process, and from there evaluate the probability that the sun will rise tomorrow." I don't think randomness is necessary for the Bayesian concept of probability at all. Or rather, I'm quite sure it isn't. ;-) INic 22:41, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

 * You are totally correct; this should be changed. Bayesian probabilities need not have anything to do with random processes, and indeed the description for the prior probability of the sun rising as having something to do with a hypothetical random process is totally wrong and misleading. For you and I the probability of the sun rising tomorrow is extremely close to one because we well understand the physics involved. A newborn child, however, who knows nothing of physics and has only been alive during the daytime, may well be justified in assigning a rather lower probability. (Bjfar (talk) 04:54, 22 November 2012 (UTC))

Excuse me
You're probalby forgetting the polar midnights. There likely are some people in the Amundsen-Scott base who would find this problem quite amusing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.77.235.169 (talk) 19:16, 21 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Haha yes, there are quite a few people up north in my country that will not see the sun for over a month now. But Laplace didn't think of this case, I guess. iNic (talk) 06:48, 18 December 2021 (UTC)

One day, many suns
This section should pretty much just be removed I think. It makes no sense whatsoever to me. Why should the probability that a randomly selected star will explode before the morning have anything to do with the probability that our star will explode before then? At the very least we should restrict our selection to main-sequence stars of similar mass and age to our own, which of course result in a zero probability of impending nova, but I think this line of reasoning adds little to the article and obscures the philosophical foundation of the problem. (Bjfar (talk) 05:08, 22 November 2012 (UTC))

 * I agree. I think the only reason this section could stay there is if there was some source in the previous literature which this section is based on. I've found only one mention of 'many suns' in Google books, but it is from 2018, so it could be based on this very section. It is unclear as neither of the paragraphs cite anything. Valentas.Kurauskas (talk) 13:46, 22 June 2018 (UTC)

In the words of Bertrand Russell "It is obvious that if we are asked why we believe it the sun will rise to-morrow, we shall naturally answer, 'Because it always has risen every day'. We have a firm belief that it will rise in the future, because it has risen in the past. If we are challenged as to why we believe that it will continue to rise as heretofore, we may appeal to the laws of motion: the earth, we shall say, is a freely rotating body, and such bodies do not cease to rotate unless something interferes from outside, and there is nothing outside to interfere with thee earth between now and to-morrow. Of course it might be doubted whether we are quite certain that there is nothing outside to interfere, but this is not the interesting doubt. The interesting doubt is as to whether the laws of motion will remain in operation until to-morrow. If this doubt is raised, we find ourselves in the same position as when the doubt about the sunrise was first raised." (Problems of Philosophy, Chapter V "On Induction") (Bjfar (talk) 11:00, 22 November 2012 (UTC))

I have removed this section as unsourced original research. Regards, HaeB (talk) 09:31, 22 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sunrise problem


text:
James Allison Glen

James Allison Glen, (December 18, 1877 – June 28, 1950) was a Canadian parliamentarian and Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada from 1940 to 1945.

Early life
Born in Renton, Scotland, Glen graduated in law from the University of Glasgow before immigrating to Canada in 1911 where he settled in Winnipeg. He later moved to Russell, Manitoba, where he practised law and was elected to the school board.

Politics
A supporter of the Progressive Party in Manitoba, Glen had been the chief organizer for party leader Thomas Crerar in the 1917 federal election when Crerar was a Liberal-Unionist candidate, and the 1921 election in which the Progressives made their debut.

Glen was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1926 election as a Liberal-Progressive at a time when Manitoba Progressives, including the Manitoba Progressive Party provincial government, had decided to align with the Liberals in order to increase their influence. He lost his seat in the 1930 election, but re-elected to Parliament in the federal election of 1935.

Glen was chosen as Speaker of the House following the 1940 election, and had to deal with issues of wartime security such as censoring Hansard in order to remove sensitive military information. Due to the international situation and wartime mobilization, there was a greater degree of interparty cooperation during the war which assisted Glen in his role as Speaker.

Glen remained a Liberal-Progressive in name until the 1945 election when he ran as a Liberal—immediately prior to the 1945 election, Mackenzie King appointed Glen to the Canadian Cabinet as Minister of Mines and Resources. In practice, however, he and his fellow Liberal-Progressives were Liberals in every respect.

Glen remained Minister of Mines and Resources until he retired from Cabinet following a heart attack in 1948. A few months later Glen resigned from the House of Commons in order to provide a seat for Stuart Garson, the Premier of Manitoba who had been enticed to join the federal Cabinet as Minister of Justice. Glen was appointed Canadian Co-Chairman of the International Joint Commission. He died two years later.

title: James Allison Glen


text:
Atlantic Schooners

The Atlantic Schooners were a conditional Canadian Football League (CFL) expansion team that was to begin play in 1984 in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. However, team ownership could not secure funding for a stadium and the franchise application was withdrawn 13 months after it had been submitted.The Atlantic Schooners name was revived in 2018 as the name of a proposed CFL expansion team.

Franchise history
On May 13, 1982, Maritime Professional Football Club Ltd. was granted a conditional expansion franchise by the Canadian Football League's board of governors with unanimous approval. The team was to pay a $1.5 million expansion fee by May 1, 1983 and could begin play in 1984 if a suitable 30,000 seat stadium were built in time for the league opener that year. The ownership group was led by John Donoval, a Mississauga, Ontario truck executive, and J. I. Albrecht, former general manager of the Montreal Alouettes. Even before the franchise was officially awarded, Albrecht, who was working as a football consultant for Donoval, planned to hire Acadia Axemen head coach John Huard as the Schooners' first head coach. As expected, Huard was named as head coach on the same day that the franchise was awarded. Nova Scotia industrialist, Robert Burns Cameron joined the ownership group on August 30, 1982 and was reported to have invested over 50% into the group.

On November 3, 1982, the team name Atlantic Schooners was officially announced by Albrecht at a press conference in Halifax, Nova Scotia. It was selected based on a study followed by a name-the-team contest in which "schooner" was the winning selection. Other names that were considered by Donoval were Atlantic Windjammers and Atlantic Storm. The goal was to have a regional team that would represent all of Atlantic Canada. The logo was a stylized "A" in the shape of a schooner that rode on four waves, representing the four Atlantic provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland. The team colours were silver, maritime blue, nautical brass, and white.

An expansion draft was planned to be held following the 1983 CFL season where, initially, a maximum of 38 players from the existing nine member clubs would be used to form a roster. The actual formula was approved on November 24, 1982 by the CFL governors. Each of the nine existing clubs would be able to protect 10 imports and 10 non-imports from their final rosters from the 1983 season. The Schooners would then select two imports and two non-imports from each team for a maximum of 36 players. Each team could only protect one quarterback and the Schooners could draft a maximum of two in total. The draft would have taken place in January 1984.

The Schooners proposed home was a 34,000-seat stadium located on leased land in the city of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, said to be built at a cost of $6 million. When the franchise was awarded, it was still being debated between the mayors of Halifax and Dartmouth where the new stadium should be built as both wanted the team in their respective cities. However, neither the provincial or federal government were willing to contribute to the funding of the stadium. As described by senator Ray Perrault, minister of state for fitness and amateur sport, federal funds were only made available when a city was hosting an international event, such as the Olympic Games or Commonwealth Games. The Premier of Nova Scotia, John Buchanan, also stated that no provincial funding would be made available in any circumstance. The ownership group had purchased a scoreboard from the New England Patriots' Sullivan Stadium for use in their new stadium.

Ultimately, the Schooners were unable to meet the deadlines set by the league, including the deadline for a financing plan for the new stadium. On June 16, 1983, Maritime Professional Football Club Ltd. withdrew their application for a franchise and refunded season ticket deposits. The ownership group's withdrawal came one day before the league deadline because Donoval believed that a withdrawal rather than league rejection would make re-applying for a franchise easier. However, another franchise application never came to fruition.

title: Atlantic Schooners


text:
William Milam

William Bryant Milam (born July 24, 1936) is an American diplomat, and is Senior Policy Scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C.

Life
Born in Bisbee, Arizona, Milam grew up in Sacramento, California and currently resides in Washington, D.C.. He received an A.B. from Stanford University and an M.A. in economics from the University of Michigan.

Foreign service career
Milam was a career diplomat. He retired from the United States Foreign Service at the end of July 2001 but was recalled after September 11, and spent nine months helping to set up the multilateral mechanism for the reconstruction of Afghanistan. He was also recalled to serve as interim Charge d'Affairs at the United States Embassy in Tripoli, Libya, prior to the re-establishment of a permanent American ambassadorial post to Libya. His last post before retirement was as Ambassador to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan where he served from August 1998 to July 2001.

Milam served as U.S. Chief of Mission in Liberia from November 8, 1995 to August 23, 1998. During his tenure in Liberia, the seven-year civil war was brought to an end, free and transparent elections held, and a new democratically elected government took office. He was U.S. Ambassador to Bangladesh from August 1990 to October 1993, and during that time witnessed the great strides that country made toward more complete democratization. From November 1993 to September 1995 he was U.S. Special Negotiator for Environmental and Scientific Affairs at the Department of State. In that capacity, he led the U.S. delegation that negotiated the 1994 Desertification Treaty.

Prior to his appointment to Bangladesh, Ambassador Milam was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for International Finance and Development with responsibility for international finance and development issues, including debt and investment, as well as intellectual property protection. He represented the United States at the Paris Club, the international forum for rescheduling official debt.

In his earlier diplomatic career, Milam served in Martinique, French West Indies; a previous tour in Liberia; in London, and in Yaoundé, Cameroon. His earlier Washington assignments included African affairs, international finance, and international energy policy. From the Department of State, Ambassador Milam received the James Clement Dunn Award, as the outstanding Class I officer (1981) and a Superior Honor Award (1983). He received a Presidential Meritorious Service Award (1990) and a Presidential Award for Outstanding Service (1991).

Milam also writes monthly op-ed columns for Pakistan's Daily Times newspaper.

Works

 * "Bangladesh and the Burdens of History," Current History, April 2007, vol. 106, No. 699, pp 153–160;
 * "Liberia", Political Finance in Post-Conflict Societies, Center for Transitional and Post-Conflict Governance, USAID, May 2006.
 * "Liberia", Political Finance in Post-Conflict Societies, Center for Transitional and Post-Conflict Governance, USAID, May 2006.

title: William Milam


text:
Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon

The Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon was a service ribbon of the United States Marine Corps which was issued between the December 17, 1945, and December 17, 1965. The ribbon was first created by Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal and recognizes those members of the Marine Corps Reserve who performed ten years of honorable reserve service.

To be awarded the Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon, a Marine Reservist must have performed ten years of reserve duty in an "active drill status", implying satisfactory attendance at weekend drills and participation in yearly two week training periods. The ten years of service may be cumulative over a twelve-year period. The Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon is not awarded to members of the inactive reserves or Marine Corps reservists who were called to full-time active duty.

The Marine Corps Reserve ribbon was declared obsolete in 1965 and was succeeded by the Armed Forces Reserve Medal. The U.S. Navy equivalent of the Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon was the Naval Reserve Medal.

title: Marine Corps Reserve Ribbon


text: Talk:Torreys Peak

title: Talk:Torreys Peak


text:
Talk:Mount Blue Sky

Infobox image
Image:2007-06-30-evans-sum-lake01.jpg and Image:MtEvansCO.jpg seem to be competing for the infobox graphic. I personally think the first is of higher quality and better showcases Mt Evans, but it was reverted by the creator of the second with the line "Restored image that was replaced buy commercial photographer". It shouldn't matter that he is a commercial photographer, since he has released the uploaded image into the public domain. Anyone else have input on this? --MattWright (talk) 01:01, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

First Ascent
I can find no documentation to back up the claim that Judge Lunt was the first ascender of Evans, so I put citation needed. Who was Judge Lunt? Google tells me that there was a Horace G. Lunt, Harvard class of '70, who lived in Colorado Springs in 1890 and by 1893 shows up as a lawyer for the appelant arguing before the Colorado Supreme court. In 1895 he was confirmed as a judge in the Fourth judicial district of Colorado, and there is now a Judge Lunt park in Colorado Springs. I've found no references to him as a mountaineer.Douglas W. Jones (talk) 21:18, 30 June 2010 (UTC)

Question - History Section
As I was reading about the history of Mt. Evans, I became confused with the following paragraph

"In 1895, 30 years after he was forced to resign as governor because of his part in the infamous Sand Creek Massacre and its subsequent cover-up, Colorado's legislature officially renamed the peak in honor of John Evans, second governor of the Colorado Territory from 1862 to 1865.[20]"

I do not know who "he" references when they talk about "he was forced to resign as governor." I'm assuming we are talking about Beirstadt because the article talks about it being renamed to Mt. Evans, but the prior paragraph is talking about the judge. I looked up prior governors of Colorado Territory and there is no mention of Beirstadt ever being a governor.

I'm obviously no history major, and we just recently moved to Colorado, but we are very interested in the the historical value of data presented. Is it possible for someone to please provide clarification?

Thank you in advance. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tmac3144 (talk • contribs) 15:42, 31 August 2014 (UTC)

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plaque at top
Says what?

"he profits who helps others" - similar? help!! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.164.247.131 (talk) 20:03, 26 June 2019 (UTC)

Mount Blue Sky official
I'm afraid to make the move to the official new name Doug Grinbergs (talk) 22:23, 15 September 2023 (UTC)

Consistency of renaming Evans to Blue Sky
Is there a policy when a place is re-named regarding discussion of historical events that occurred there? I find it awkward to read about scientific experiments done on Mt. Blue Sky in the 1940s, since it was Mt. Evans then. We probably ought to have a uniform policy on this worldwide and not solve this locally. We have the same problem with renamed military bases, renamed schools, and renamed cities. The Battle of Stalingrad is still called that, even though the city is now Volgograd. And Elvis Presley did basic training at Fort Hood even though it is now Fort Cavazos. Within the article on Mount Blue Sky, it might work to say that some event occurred on what was then Mount Evans or (then) Mount Evans. Douglas W. Jones (talk) 16:10, 19 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mount Blue Sky


text:
Talk:Mount Bierstadt

Untitled
Well... someone or something decided to merge The Sawtooth into this immediately after I made the page... I don't think that should be done because the Sawtooth is pretty neat, but I have no great justification for it, I'm just a little curious as to how it got marked for merger within 2 minutes of creation. --Keflavich 05:44, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

Images of Mount Bierstadt
I'd like to see an image taken from Guanella Pass or thereabouts, which is where most hikers start. I think this would be the most relevant view of the mountain. Also it could be a bit wider. Howdybob 00:13, 29 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I'll add one of my wide pictures from Guanella Pass. Someone recommended this picture as the main one. I think it's a nice picture, but you're right that it doesn't represent the mountain particularly well. --Keflavich 00:07, 30 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks. There are three peaks in that picture. Is the peak on the left Mount Evans? Also, if the picture was taken from the trailhead that might be worth mentioning. It's been a while and I can't tell for sure myself. Howdybob 06:31, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

First Ascent
From its initial completion, this page has shown Albert Bierstadt as the first ascender of Mount Bierstadt. This claim needs support. I've found no evidence for it, so I put a citation needed flag. There is ample evidence that Bierstadt came via the Chicago Lakes and Summit Lake in 1863 and ascended either Mount Evans or possibly Mount Spalding. I added a paragraph on that because the fact the Bierstadt came close to his eponymous mountain is relevant. I've seen no evidence that he climbed it. Roof of the Rockies: a history of Colorado mountaineering by William M. Bueler says the first ascent was by prospectors, as judged by prospect holes. So, I put citation needed on the attribution of the first ascender. If no documentation can be found for Bierstadt having climbed Bierstadt, this claim should be struck. Douglas W. Jones (talk) 18:40, 29 June 2010 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Mount Bierstadt


text: User talk:217.230.16.151

title: User talk:217.230.16.151


text:
Brixen im Thale

Brixen im Thale is a municipality situated at the highest point of the Brixental valley in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Every year on the Feast of Corpus Christi, the village celebrates the traditional Antlassritt. It is also the birthplace of Matthäus Hetzenauer, an Austrian sniper in the 3rd Mountain Division on the Eastern Front of the World War II, who was credited with 345 kills.

Location
Brixen im Thale lies in Kitzbühel District about 10 km west of the district town of Kitzbühel at the head of the Brixental at 794 m above sea level, nestling amongst the grass-covered mountains of the Kitzbühel Alps. The highest mountain in the municipality is the Fleiding at 1,892 metres above the Adriatic. North of the village rises the mountain ridge of the Hohe Salve. South of the village are the Nachtsöllberg and the Gaisberg, separated by the valley of the Brixenbach. The slopes north of the municipality (known as Sonnberg or Sonseitn - sunny side) are mainly used for farming and only sparsely covered in conifers. The slopes south of the village (referred to as Schattseitn - shadow side) are covered by spruce forest, apart from a few alpine meadows.

Municipal divisions
Brixen im Thale consists of the following villages and sub-districts: Achenberg, Brixen-Zentrum, Buchberg, Buchschwent, Feuring, Griesberg, Hof, Lauterbach, Maria-Luisenbad, Ritschberg, Salvenberg, Schön, Sonnberg, Vordermoosen und Winkl.

Village development
From 2009 to 2010 the village square in front of the community hall was thoroughly renovated and extended. The cobblestones were replaced and the square enlarged and raised. The fountain was moved to a new site, next to the beech tree, which had to stay where it was. Red and white bricks were used for the cobbles. Seating was built around the fountain and for the bus stop. The road was renewed from the Brixner Höhe/Aschaber to the Brixnerwirt, with the aim of slowing traffic down through the village centre.

Since the ring road was built, quality of life in the village has improved considerably. In the last four years, large homes have been built, especially for local people. The parish encourages newcomers and especially the growth of the economy. in the future other land for building will be made available in the south of the area so that the actual village centre can come more into its own.

History
Brixen im Thale has a long and varied history. The Celts first settled the valley and built small villages here as evinced by archaeological finds of axes and swords, as well as an urn cemetery.

The name Brixen im Thale appears to be Celtic in origin and indicates that there has always been a settlement here. In the 3rd century A.D., there was a kind of temple, built by the Romans, on the site of the present church.

In 788 A.D., the name Indiculus Arnonis, which means "a church with own fields", was given to the church by Bishop Arno. At that time, it was the only church in the Brixental. It is therefore the oldest parish in the Tyrolean Unterland along with those in of St. Johann in Tirol, Ebbs, Söll, Radfeld and St. Ulrich am Pillersee.

In 1481, a library (the Taz Library) was founded by Wilhelm Taz, who was a teacher and a priest, in Brixen im Thale. It still exists today.

Around 1600, copper was mined; but mining ceased at the end of the 18th century.

On Corpus Christi, the traditional Antlassritt takes place. This is a eucharistic procession by farmers from the towns of Kirchberg in Tirol, Brixen im Thale and Westendorf (Tirol). The Antlassritt commemorates the 30 Years' War in the 17th century, when the villagers of those communities beat back Swedish troops on the Klausenbach river. The farmers' ride to the Klausenkapelle chapel in Kirchberg in Tirol commemorates their victory.

Notable people
This list contains some of the notable people who were either born in Brixen im Thale, lived there for a longer time or were in some significant way related to it.

 * Matthäus Hetzenauer - Austrian sniper in the 3rd Mountain Division on the Eastern Front of the World War II, who was credited with 345 kills.

title: Brixen im Thale


text:
Heresy of the Judaizers

The Heresy of the Judaizers (ересь жидовствующих) was a religious movement that emerged in Novgorod and later Moscow in the second half of the 15th century which marked the beginning of a new era of schism in Russia. Initially popular among high-ranking statesmen and even the royal court, the movement was persecuted by the hegumen Joseph Volotsky and the archbishop Gennady of Novgorod. Several councils of the Russian Orthodox Church later condemned the Judaizers as heretics.

Some scholars see them as a Russian variant of the pre-Reformation era. Any filiation with the strigolniki, who appeared in the 14th century, remains conjectural, but highlights the religious situation in Novgorod at the time.

Terminology and beliefs
The term zhidovstvuyushchiye (жидовствующие), as it is known in the sources, is derived from the Russian word жид (zhid, from Judea, an older Russian term for Jew which is now considered pejorative). Zhidovstvuyuschiye may be loosely translated as "those who follow Jewish traditions" or "those who think like Jews". The hegumen Joseph Volotsky, the main critic and persecutor of this thought, considered the founder of this religious movement to be a certain Skhariya (also known as Zakhariya or Skara; Схария, Захария, Скара). This was Zacharia ben Aharon ha-Cohen, a scholar from Kiev brought to Novgorod by Mikhailo Olelkovich from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1470. Zacharia translated a number of Hebrew texts on astronomy, logic and philosophy.

Their nickname arbitrarily presupposed their adherence to "Judaism", even though most of Skhariya's followers had been ordinary Russians of Russian Orthodox faith and low-ranking Orthodox clergy and had never confessed Judaism. Some scholars suggest that the pejorative label of "Judaizers" was given to scare off potential members. Almost all we know about their religious beliefs is found in accounts left by their accusers. This makes it rather difficult to determine the exact beliefs of the adherents, since the aim of the accusers was to blacken the name of the "sect" and crush it. According to most accounts though, the Belief of Skhariya renounced the Holy Trinity and the divine status of Jesus, monasticism, ecclesiastic hierarchy, ceremonies, and immortality of soul. Some adherents also professed iconoclasm. The adherents also promoted the idea of "self-authority", or the self-determination of each individual in matters of faith and salvation. The priests Denis and Aleksei, who converted from Russian Orthodoxy to Judaism, were considered ideologists of this heretical movement.

History
In the late 15th century, the movement had spread to Moscow. In 1480, Ivan III himself invited a few prominent adherents to visit the city. The grand prince's behavior could be explained by the fact that he had sympathized with ideas of secularization and the struggle against feudal division. Thus, the heretics enjoyed the support of some high-ranking officials, statesmen, merchants, Yelena Stefanovna (wife of Ivan the Young, heir to the throne), and Ivan's favorite deacon and diplomat, Fyodor Kuritsyn. Many of the adherents of the movement had centred around Kuritsyn, who was the Russian diplomat to Hungary at the time. Kuritsyn also authored the Laodicean Epistle, which may have used some aspects of Jewish mysticism known as Kabbalah.

Despite the growing popularity of this religious movement in Novgorod and Moscow, Ivan III was wary of the fact that it could irreversibly infiltrate broader masses of ordinary people and deprive him of ecclesiastic support in his foreign policy. Indeed, a denial of the Trinity and the divinity of Christ would destroy Christianity, while the adherents' opposition to the clergy and the secular authorities would have undermined the entire society. This made Ivan III renounce his ideas of secularization and ally with the clergy.

Persecution
The struggle against the adherents was led by hegumen Joseph Volotsky and his followers (иосифляне) and Archbishop Gennady of Novgorod. After uncovering adherents in Novgorod around 1487, Gennady wrote a series of letters to other churchmen over several years calling on them to convene a sobor (church council) with the aim "not to debate them, but to burn them". Such councils were held in 1488, 1490, 1494 and 1504. The councils outlawed religious and non-religious books and initiated their burning, sentenced a number of people to death, sent adherents into exile, and excommunicated them. In 1491, Skhariya was executed in Novgorod by the order of Ivan III. More adherents were executed with Gennady's approval, including the archimandrite Kassian of the Iuriev Monastery (who had allowed a number of adherents to hide there), Nekras Rukavov (they first tore out his tongue and then burnt him at the stake), a Pskovian monk Zakhar and others.

By the end of the 15th century, some of the adherents remained under the protection of Yelena Stefanovna and her son Dmitry, the grandson of Ivan III. However, in 1502 Dmitry was stripped of his title (transferred to Vasili III, the son of Ivan III and Sophia Paleologue). As soon as Ivan III died in 1505, Yelena and Dmitry were arrested and imprisoned, leaving the adherents vulnerable to attacks from the authorities. In 1504, diak (secretary) Ivan-Volk Kuritsyn, Dmitry Konoplev and Ivan Maksimov were burnt at the stake. Other adherents were banished, imprisoned, or excommunicated. Feodor Kuritsyn's adherents' club ceased to exist.

19th-century groups
In the early 19th century, a number of communities appeared in Tula, Voronezh and Tambov, which followed Jewish traditions and halacha. They were also called zhidovstvuyuschiye and were persecuted severely in the times of Nicholas I. Since the beginning of the 20th century, they have been also called iudeystvuyuschie, from iudeystvo, a neutral term for the Jewish religion. Now they are generally considered a part of Jewish people and some of them have immigrated to Israel. These groups, however, are not linked to the teaching of Skhariya.

title: Heresy of the Judaizers


text:
Koniecpolski

The House of Koniecpolski (plural: Koniecpolscy) is the name of an old and once powerful Polish noble family.

History
The Koniecpolski was a magnate family. The family appears in the historical annals beginning in the 15th century. The family originated from the village Stary Koniecpol 40 km east of Częstochowa, currently in the Silesian Voivodeship. Their family name derives from that place's name. One of its first representatives was voivode of Sieradz Jakub Koniecpolski who participated in the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, considered the biggest battle in medieval history. In 1443 the Koniecpolski family founded the city-fortress Koniecpol, which became the seat of the family.

In the 16th century the family lineage split into two branches the "Hetman branch" and the "Castellan branch". In the 17th century the family acquired great political authority, and became owners of huge landed estates.

The most representative of the "Hetman branch" was Field and Grand Crown Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski one of the greatest commanders of the 17th century. Stanislaw begun in 1643 the present-day construction of the Presidential Palace in Warsaw. He also ordered the reconstructing and strengthening of the Bar castle. Stanisław was owner of numerous latifundia situated in Poland's eastern borderlands. It was said that he owned so much landed property that he could cross the breadth of the Republic while spending every night in one of his own manors.

At the beginning of the 18th century, the family began to decline.

Coat of arms and motto
The Koniecpolski used the "Pobóg" arms.

Members

 * Przedbór z Koniecpola, founder of the city Koniecpol
 * Jan Taszka z Koniecpola, (?-1455) Grand Chancellor of the Crown
 * Jakub z Koniecpola, participated in the Battle of Grunwald
 * Aleksander Koniecpolski (1555-1609), voivode of Sieradz, Rotmistrz
 * Stanisław Koniecpolski (1590/1594–1646), Great and Field Hetman of the Crown
 * Aleksander Koniecpolski (1620-1659), Chorąży and voivode
 * Jan Aleksander Koniecpolski (?-1719), colonel, Great Koniuszy
 * Stanisław Koniecpolski (?-1682), Camp Leader of the Crown, voivode

title: Koniecpolski