text:
Talk:List of search engines

Semi-protected edit request on 29 July 2021
I just noticed that the limit for the free version of the Copernic Desktop Search is actually 25.000 files (see Copernic Search Soultion Comparaison) and not 10.000 files anymore.

Semi-protected edit request on 31 August 2023
Presearch.com has been active since 2017 and should be listed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Minddragon (talk • contribs) 19:28, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

Kvasir - Norwegian search engine
Consider adding the Norwegian search engine Kvasir to the list, it's fairly unique as (according to this Norwegian Wikipedia entry) there are only four other countries that have search engine specialised for local results as Kvasir does.

https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvasir_(s%C3%B8ketjeneste) 90.143.5.13 (talk) 20:42, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

 * The Norweigian wiki would seem to be wrong. There are more such engines already on our list. At any rate, this is a list of engines with preexisting English Wikipedia articles. MrOllie (talk) 20:55, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 9 February 2024
Please add the search Engine Stract.com in your comparison - they have their own index as well 83.137.122.211 (talk) 17:05, 9 February 2024 (UTC)

Not done: To be included on this list, a search engine needs to be sufficiently notable for an English Wikipedia article first. PianoDan (talk) 18:29, 9 February 2024 (UTC)

Should Google be added under individual specialized search engine sub list?
Videos, shopping, map, news, image, books, finance? The tabs are sonetimes present, sometimes not. Core tabs are always present. Greatder (talk) 16:42, 8 April 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 19 June 2024
Exalead as a company is dead since 2014 and as something withing Dassault Systèmes does not exist anymore since 28 February 2024. It should be moved to the "Defunct or acquired search engines" section.
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. M.Bitton (talk) 16:58, 20 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of search engines


text:
Rochester New York FC

Rochester New York FC, formerly known as the Rochester Raging Rhinos and later the Rochester Rhinos, was an American soccer team based in Rochester, New York, United States. In 2023, the club withdrew from the professional level in MLS Next Pro. The club won the 1999 U.S. Open Cup, marking the only time a non-MLS team has won the U.S. Open Cup since MLS started play in 1996.

Founded in 1996 as the Rochester Raging Rhinos, they changed their name to Rochester Rhinos to start the 2008 season. The club began a four-year hiatus after the 2017 USL season in the second tier of the United States soccer league system. The team then rebranded as Rochester New York FC and played its first and only season in MLS Next Pro in 2022, but departed before the beginning of the 2023 season.

The club was affiliated with the youth club Empire United Soccer Academy, which rebranded as Rochester New York FC Youth and continues to operate as a separate club. The youth club currently has a team in the United Premier Soccer League.

1996–2017
Rochester Raging Rhinos was founded in 1996 and played in the now-defunct original A-League until it merged with the USISL for the 1997 season, creating the new A-League. After reaching the championship game in 1996 they won their first league championship in 1998.

In 1999 the club made it to the final of the U.S. Open Cup, where they defeated MLS club Colorado Rapids 2–0, becoming the first team from outside MLS to win the national cup since MLS's inception. This win was followed by two further A-League titles in 2000 and 2001.

A year after the A-League's renaming to the USL First Division in 2005, the Rhinos moved into the newly completed PAETEC Park, a 13,768-seat soccer-specific stadium now known as Rochester Community Sports Complex Stadium, and again made the championship game. The Rhinos were considered a candidate to be an MLS expansion team when PAETEC Park was in the planning stages.

The team was declared insolvent in 2008 after defaulting on their stadium agreement, and PAETEC Park was seized by the city of Rochester. After a brief search for a new owner and investor who could improve the team's financial outlook, in March 2008 the club was taken over by Utica businessman Rob Clark. Clark changed the team's name to the "Rochester Rhinos," and assured that the financial situation of the team was stable and it would be able to play the next year. After two seasons under Clark the club joined the new NASL for its 2010 season. The United States Soccer Federation refused the NASL's application for sanctioning, and instead operated its own temporary second-division league for 2010. The Rhinos were part of that temporary USSF Division 2 Professional League. The Rhinos switched leagues again before the 2011 season to the then third-division USL Pro league, who considered themselves equally competitive with the second-division NASL.

The 2011 season ended with the Rhinos first in their division followed by a playoff season that lasted two games. The Rhinos saw off the Pittsburgh Riverhounds 4–0 in first round of the playoffs and then lost 2–1 at home to the Harrisburg City Islanders to finish the season. At the end of the season, head coach Bob Lilley was replaced by Jesse Myers, most recently an assistant coach of the Richmond Kickers.

In January 2013, the Rhinos became the official USL Pro affiliate of the New England Revolution. On May 19, Following a 1–6–1 start to the 2013 season, Myers was dismissed and Pat Ercoli named head coach. They missed the playoffs for the first time ever, finishing with a 6–10–10 record.

The league revoked the Clark family's ownership of the club in January 2016, citing the revocation of the lease on Rochester Rhinos Stadium by the City of Rochester. The league took over operations of the club until it could be sold to a new ownership group. David and Wendy Dworkin, minority owners of the Sacramento Kings basketball team, were identified as the Rhinos' new owners later in the month. The Dworkins were officially announced as the new owners on March 10, 2016.

2017–2023
On November 30, 2017, the Rhinos announced that they would go on hiatus. After almost a year of silence the team announced that it planned to move to the new third division league USL League One and return to the field in 2020. Moreover, the team announced that it had reached a deal with the City to vacate Marina Auto Stadium and stated it would be searching a site to build a new stadium. Towards the end of the first USL League One season, the Rhinos' President Pat Ercoli announced on Uncle Sam's Soccer Podcast that due to delays and pacing of the development of the Rhinos' new stadium that the team would likely sit out the 2020 season and relaunch in 2021.

On November 30, 2017, the team announced that they would not play in 2018 while additional funding was sought. On August 22, 2018, it was announced that the club would pursue a new stadium location and attempt to join USL League One.

In June 2021, Jamie Vardy was announced as co-owner of the franchise and intends to field a team for the 2022 season. Lee Tucker, who was the project leader at Vardy’s successful V9 Academy – which gave opportunities to non-league players in England seeking to break into the professional game, will be appointed Sporting Director.

On September 1, 2021, it was announced that the club had gone through an extensive makeover as part of the club’s rebirth, the Rhinos had a complete rebrand to Rochester New York FC or RNYFC for short, and had a new logo introduced. The new club badge features an abstract rendering of Rochester's High Falls waterfall.

The club returned to play in 2022, and were the only independent club in the new MLS Next Pro league. They made the playoffs but were eliminated in the quarterfinals. On March 10, 2023, Rochester New York FC withdrew from MLS Next Pro and ceased operations citing an "unsustainable business model".

Stadiums

 * Fauver Stadium; Rochester, New York (1996)
 * Frontier Field; Rochester, New York (1996–2005)
 * Marina Auto Stadium; Rochester, New York (2006–2017)
 * John L. DiMarco Field; Brighton, New York (2022)

The Raging Rhinos first began play in 1996 at Fauver Stadium, a soccer venue at the University of Rochester. They then played at Frontier Field, a Minor League Baseball park, from 1996 to 2005.

Starting in 2006, the team played in Marina Auto Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium built for their use. When the Rhinos went on hiatus at the end of 2017, they originally sought to remain at the stadium, scheduling neutral-site USL matches during the 2018 season to meet the terms of their lease. However, in August 2018 the team announced they would be seeking a new venue.

In June 2021, when the team announced a new co-owner ahead of a planned return to play in 2022, they indicated they would play at Empire United Soccer Complex in Henrietta, New York. However, Empire United's field had no stands, concessions, or other amenities, and would have required upgrades for professional soccer use. In order to be ready for a March 2022 kickoff in MLS Next Pro, the team announced in December 2021 that they would instead play at John L. DiMarco Field, a 1,500-capacity soccer and lacrosse venue at Monroe Community College in Brighton, New York.

Supporters
Rochester New York FC had two major supporters' groups. Founded in 2011, the Oak Street Brigade previously occupied section 101 at Capelli Sport Stadium, the former home of the Rochester Rhinos. The other major supporters' group is the North Star Ultras.

Notable former players

 * See also All-time Rochester Rhinos roster

Rochester Rhinos Hall of Fame

 * 2011: Lenin Steenkamp
 * 2012: Craig Demmin, Doug Miller, Pat Onstad
 * 2013: 1999 U.S. Open Cup Team
 * 2014: Yari Allnutt, Scott Vallow
 * 2015: Darren Tilley, Mali Walton

Retired numbers

 * 14 – 🇹🇹 Mickey Trotman, MF, 2001 (posthumous honor)
 * 19 – 🇺🇸 Doug Miller, F, 1996–99, 2003–06

 * Notes

Head coaches

 * 🇨🇦 Pat Ercoli (1996–2004)
 * 🏴 Laurie Calloway (2005–2007)
 * 🏴 Darren Tilley (2008–2009)
 * 🇺🇸 Bob Lilley (2010–2011)
 * 🇺🇸 Jesse Myers (2012–2013)
 * 🇨🇦 Pat Ercoli (interim, 2013)
 * 🇺🇸 Bob Lilley (2014–2017)
 * Bruno Baltazar (2022)

League

 * USL Championship
 * Champions (1): 2015
 * Winners (Playoffs): 2015
 * Winners (Regular Season): 2015
 * USSF Division 2 Professional League
 * Regular Season Champions (1): 2010
 * USL Conference Champions (1): 2010
 * USL A-League
 * Winners (3): 1998, 2000, 2001
 * Northeast Division Champions (3): 1998, 1999, 2002

Cups

 * U.S. Open Cup
 * Winners (1): 1999
 * Runners-up (1): 1996

Year-by-year
1. '''Avg. attendance''' include statistics from league matches only.

2. Top goalscorer(s) includes all goals scored in league play, playoffs, U.S. Open Cup, and other competitive matches.

3. Points and PPG have been adjusted from non-traditional to traditional scoring systems for seasons prior to 2003 to more effectively compare historical team performance across seasons.

4. Pts in 2008 excludes one deducted point for fielding an ineligible player.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rochester New York FC


text:
Talk:Metasearch engine

corrupted graphic in IE 6.0
The words are to the left rather than centered. Zephyr103 (talk) 03:18, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * This is still the case today as far as Firefox 3.0.6 is concerned. :( --69.12.157.118 (talk) 23:52, 3 March 2009 (UTC)

 * I think it is not case of web browser. Rather bug in mediawiki's mechanism rendering SVG to PNG. 148.81.137.4 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 13:29, 24 May 2009 (UTC).

50.174.74.32 (talk) 22:58, 22 August 2014 (UTC) ////-#?#$?/BrokenLibra999 So then... should I use one or not? I am short on time...

Linkspam
This page is starting to get linkspam from anonymous users, just like List of search engines. I suggest we revert any URLs added by anonymous users whose most significant contribution to the Wikipedia was to add their favorite URL to our search engine pages. Any thoughts? --Ardonik 03:50, Jul 20, 2004 (UTC)

It's been about a year since I last wrote that and what was true then is still true now. Here's what I've excised from the article (with links deactivated just in case rel=nofollow is turned off.)

===Meta-search engines=== *Clusty – returns clustered results *Dogpile *Ez2Find multiple languages, clustered results and search also in the invisible web. *Kartoo – a map-based meta-search *Laplounge Very clean organized meta-search *Mamma – one of the first metasearch engines *Metacrawler – searches major search engines *metaEUREKA *Yooci – international metasearch engine *search.com by CNET *Don Busca *everyclassified.com – search engine that re-directs user queries to the most relevant classifieds web-sites. *Apollo7 searches over the major searchenigines

I think the policy should be that only search engines that have an associated article should be listed on the page (in what is currently the ==See also== section.) This will make the page less of a target for spammers. --Ardonik.talk* July 3, 2005 09:41 (UTC)
 * I moved the list to list of search engines which seems to be checked daily for spam. Future additions of the name of a search engine to this page will be promptly removed. Josh Froelich 14:15, 9 January 2007 (UTC)
 * See WP:LIST. There is no such requirement in general. If I see any I think clearly appropriate I will add them back, with a justifying edit summary. if you have looked at the page history here and at list of search engines you will see that I have rather high criteria, Requiring an article first is risky these days, because short articles about products tend to be speedy deleted, and this leaves no place to start. Since none of us owns this article, and i want to avoid an edit war, I suggest we compromise by requiring a clearly appropriate annotation. This is specifically mentioned as suitable in the list guidelines. DGG 18:53, 9 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I was not trying to start an edit war, this was my effort to reduce SPAM in this page. I have some issues with the page in general in its poor writing and commercial orientation, lack of description about the technology, lack of references, and links to product reviews which promote certain products. If you want to reference policies go ahead, I am pretty compliant and am not concerned enough to do anything about it, I thought what I was doing was helpful. When I read this page I don't care about seeing the hottest metasearch engine or knowing why I should choose one over the other. I would expect to see what a metasearch engine is, and nothing more. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Jfroelich (talk • contribs) 20:03, 9 January 2007 (UTC).

Formatting Fix
Stuff was all over the place so I cleaned up the layout. Dncnmckn (talk) 13:51, 20 June 2013 (UTC) I need help for my project! Whats the best way to use a metasearch engine?! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.186.70.212 (talk) 13:19, 13 October 2013 (UTC)

Legality
Should legality be mentioned here? Presumably you can't just take and reformat results from another search engine without permission. Equinox ◑ 19:37, 16 May 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Metasearch engine


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Laban (Bible)

Laban (Aramaic: ܠܵܒܵܢ; ), also known as Laban the Aramean, is a figure in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible. He was the brother of Rebekah, the woman who married Isaac and bore Jacob. Laban welcomed his nephew, and set him the stipulation of seven years' labour before he permitted him to marry his daughter Rachel. Laban tricked Jacob into marrying his elder daughter Leah instead. Jacob then took Rachel as his second wife, on condition of serving an additional seven years' labour.

Laban and his family were described as dwelling in Paddan Aram, in Mesopotamia.

Hebrew Bible
Laban first appears in the Hebrew Bible in as the grown spokesman for his father Bethuel's house; he was impressed by the gold jewelry given to his sister on behalf of Isaac, and played a key part in arranging their marriage. Twenty years later, Laban's nephew Jacob was born to Isaac and Rebekah.

When grown, Jacob comes to work for Laban. The biblical narrative provides a framework for dating these events: Jacob begat Joseph 14 years after his flight to Laban; Joseph entered Pharaoh's service at age 30; and from that point, after seven years of plenty and two years of famine, Jacob met Pharaoh and stated his age as 130. Subtracting yields an age of 77 (Jacob at his flight to Laban). Laban was more than 30 years older than Jacob, and employed him for 20 years.

Laban promised his younger daughter Rachel to Jacob in return for seven years' service, only to trick him into marrying his elder daughter Leah instead. Jacob then served another seven years in exchange for the right to marry his choice, Rachel, as well. Laban's flocks and fortunes increased under Jacob's skilled care, but there was much further trickery between them. Six years after his promised service has ended, Jacob, having prospered largely by proving more cunning than his father-in-law, finally left. Laban pursued him, but they eventually parted on good terms.

Interpretations
Though the biblical text itself does not attest to this, rabbinic sources also identify Laban as the father of Bilhah and Zilpah, the two concubines with whom Jacob also has children. According to Seder HaDoroth, Laban's wife and the mother of Leah and Rachel was Adinah. Sefer haYashar reports that Laban was also the father of Beor the father of Balaam and Balaam's sons were Jannes and Jambres.

Laban can be seen as symbolizing those whose concern for the welfare of their immediate family, nominally a virtue, is taken to the point where it has lasting negative ramifications. Laban's urge to ensure his older daughter not be left unmarried can be interpreted as leading to the Exile in Egypt; his anxiety over seeing his son-in-law throw away his family's comfortable position in Aram in search of a risky new beginning back in Canaan leads him to oppose the return of the Children of Israel to the Promised Land. His name can also be seen as symbolic in this matter: it means "white", the visual representation of purity, without visible stain, symbolizing those without apparent evil motives whose actions nevertheless result in undesirable outcomes.

Laban and Passover
Laban is referenced significantly in the Passover Haggadah, in the context of the answer to the traditional child's question, "Why is this night different from all other nights?" The prescribed answer begins with a quote from : "arami oved avi": normally translated as "a wandering Aramean was my father", alluding either to Abram or Jacob, but here interpreted unusually as "ibbed Arami et-avi", "an Aramean destroyed my father", as made clear by the rabbinical exegesis read in the Seder:
 * Come and learn what Laban the Aramean sought to do our father Jacob. For Pharaoh issued his edict against only the males, but Laban sought to uproot all, as it is said, 'An Aramean would have destroyed my father, and he went down to Egypt and he became there a nation, great, mighty and populous.'

There may also be a play on words here, using arami in two senses – as both arami, "an Aramean", and rama′i, "a deceiver", since Laban cheated Jacob (Genesis Rabbah 70:19). In this interpretation, arami personifies the Israelite peoples’ bitter enemy.

The question of what the connection is between the apparently disjoint tales of Laban and Pharaoh is interpreted in several ways by rabbinical authorities.

Rabbi Azriel Hildesheimer explains in his Hukkat HaPesach that Laban was, in fact, the driving force of the entire Exile and Exodus saga. Rachel was Jacob's divinely intended wife and could hypothetically have given birth to Joseph as Jacob's firstborn with rights of primogeniture. In this counterfactual, Jacob's favoring Joseph's succession as the leader of the fledgling nation of Israel would have been seen as perfectly normal and fitting, given the customs of the time. No older brothers would have felt cheated and jealous, and Joseph would not have been sold into slavery. Thus, there would have been no need for Jacob's family to be sent to Egypt to unite with Joseph.

In actuality, Laban married Jacob to Leah first, causing Leah's sons to precede Joseph in birth order, so that they felt justifiably outraged when their father seemed to violate societal norms by treating his second-youngest son as his heir, in preference to his older sons' natural and legal rights. In this way, Laban can be seen as "seeking to uproot all", by attempting to sever the family tree of the Patriarchs between Jacob and Joseph before the Children of Israel could become more than a single small family.

Devora Steinmetz, assistant professor of Talmud at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, says that the story of Jacob and Laban also resonates with the covenant with Abraham, more frequently interpreted as applying to the Exodus: "your seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them and they shall afflict them ... Afterward they shall come out with great wealth" (Genesis 15:13–16). Jacob lived in the strange land of Aram, served Laban, and was afflicted by him; then he left with great wealth and returned to the Promised Land. The story thus serves to reinforce one of the central messages of the Passover Haggadah; that the Old Testament cycle of exile, persecution and return recurs again and again, and links the observant Jew in the Diaspora to the Land of Israel.

title: Laban (Bible)


text:
Laban (Book of Mormon)

Laban is a figure in the First Book of Nephi, near the start of the Book of Mormon, a scripture of the Latter Day Saint movement. Although he only makes a brief appearance in the Book of Mormon, his brass plates play an important role when they are taken by Laman and Nephi (often referred to as the "sons of Lehi") and are used by the Nephites.

Narrative
Laban appears in First Nephi as a wealthy and politically influential military commander who appears to be a distant kinsman of Lehi. Laban owns brass plates and rebuffs both Laman and Nephi in their initial approaches. Laban attempts to kill them two times, and the second time he steals the Lehi family fortune. Later, Nephi sneaks into Jerusalem and discovers Laban lying drunk in the road. Directed by the Spirit of the Lord, Nephi decapitates Laban. He then puts on Laban's clothing and armor and retrieves the plates.

Brass Plates
Brant Gardner identified five ways that the plates of Laban were "extremely important", both in the immediate context of their retrieval by the sons of Lehi and in later Nephite, Lamanite, and Mulekite society. For Gardner, the plates function as a symbol of political authority, as a "social anchor" for the Nephites, a doctrinal source text, a prototype for Nephite recordkeeping, and as a "sacred object." The last point, indicating that the brass plates function as royal insignia, is also discussed in depth by Stephen D. Ricks, a Latter-day Saint Hebraist and apologist. Ricks associated the brass plates with the "protocol" that was used as a prop in Josiah's coronation, citing Rashi's interpretation of the Hebrew word "edût" as the Torah in 2 Kings 11:12.

James Strang, like Joseph Smith, claimed to translate scripture from metal plates. The resulting scripture, the Book of the Law of the Lord, claims to contain at least part of Laban's plates.

Death
Nephi's killing of Laban has been argued over by believers and others engaging with the narrative on its own terms. Some say that the killing was legally justified as self defense, that it was a political act, that it was specifically one of "sovereignty," and that it functioned similarly to the biblical Akedah as a test of Nephi's faith. Commentators have suggested that the story was a way for Joseph Smith to deal with repressed childhood trauma and symbolically sever of the Book of Mormon narrative from the established biblical canon as the Spirit of the Lord ordered Laban's murder. Steven L. Peck, a Latter-day Saint novelist wrote a Deleuzean treatment of the sword of Laban as emblematic of climate change and of power structures, referring to it as symptomatic of the "Jerusalem-machine."

Popular culture
In The Book of Mormon Movie, adapted from First and Second Nephi, Laban was portrayed by the actor Michael Flynn. The film was widely panned by Latter-day Saint and secular critics. The Austin Chronicle wrote of "Michael Flynn turning in a ripping good Edward G. Robinson impersonation as the villainous Laban."

title: Laban (Book of Mormon)


text: User talk:67.122.107.139

title: User talk:67.122.107.139


text:
Sapadbizes

Sapadbizes (Σαπαδβιζης), also Sapalbizes or  Sapaleizis, was a ruler of western Bactria, sometimes linked to the Yuezhi. He is known only from his coins, which are rather rare, and are dated to circa 20 BC - 20 AD. Two clues provide an approximate date for this ruler. He is believed to have overstruck the coins of Phraates IV of Parthia, secondly his coins are of good silver. This places him after Phraates IV (40 BC) and before the debasement of coinage in Northwest India (AD 20). He is not the only ruler of his dynasty known. Several other coins imply that Sapadbizes was preceded by at least one, and possibly two other rulers. It is likely that Sapadbizes and these other rulers were descendants of tribes who had invaded Bactria and imitated the coins of the last Greco-Bactrian kings. Though it is clear from the coins, and the evidence of Chinese chroniclers that at this time Sapadbizes was an ally or dependent of Parthia, nothing is known of the succession after Sapadbizes. However, scholars surmise that his kingdom was conquered by Kujula Kadphises, during the latter's war with Parthia, and absorbed into the Kushan Empire, probably about the year 30 AD.

A coin of Sapadbizes was discovered in the burial site of Tillya Tepe.

title: Sapadbizes


text: Category:Book of Mormon people

title: Category:Book of Mormon people


text:
KRBZ

KRBZ (96.5 FM, “Alt 96-5”) is an alternative rock station, licensed to Kansas City, Missouri and serving the Kansas City metropolitan area. The station is owned by Audacy, Inc., with studios located in Mission, Kansas and a transmitter site in Kansas City's East Side.

1959-2000: Classical KXTR
KRBZ began broadcasting on September 3, 1959, as classical music station KXTR, and was owned by Telesound Broadcasting, and initially operating at 58,500 watts. Stereo Broadcasters, Inc. bought the station in 1962, and Senthesound Broadcasting bought it three years later. Robert Ingram took over the station in 1976, and KXTR upgraded to 100,000 watts in 1981. Ingram would then sell the station to Heritage Media (and then Sinclair Broadcast Group) in 1997, followed by Entercom (the forerunner to the present-day Audacy) in 2000. By the mid-1990s, KXTR replaced much of its live, local airstaff with satellite-fed programming; only mornings were local, as well as "Night on the Town" on Saturdays (which would become syndicated). By the Spring of 2000, KXTR's ratings were tied for 12th place in the 12+ age demographic, with a 3.8 share of the market (and ranked even lower in the 25-54 demographic, though ranked 9th in the 35-64 demographic).

2000-2020: 96.5 The Buzz
On August 17, 2000, at 10 a.m., KXTR was moved to 1250 AM, displacing sports talk station KKGM (now KYYS), and 96.5 began stunting with a ticking clock. At noon, 96.5 flipped formats to a Top 40 format that emphasized on modern rock hits (also known as a "Rock 40" format), taking aim at rival station KMXV, and was branded as "96.5 The Buzz." The first song played on "The Buzz" was "Learn To Fly" by Foo Fighters. The current KRBZ call letters were adopted on August 25, 2000.

By 2002, KRBZ moved towards a Hot AC format, most likely due to low ratings with its "Rock 40" format. However, this failed, as the station fell to a 3.1 share of the market (15th place) by the Spring of 2002.

On April 1, 2002, the station stunted as "K-Gay 96.5", playing mostly dance music (in 2019, its HD Radio subchannel would take on Entercom's Channel Q network, which more explicitly and appropriately targets an LGBT audience). The next day, the station refocused as a Modern AC station, as well as introducing a new morning show (titled "The Kenny & Afentra Showgram"). Scott Geiger, known on the radio as Lazlo, was also hired in September 2002 to work nights. "The Kenny & Afentra Showgram" morning show lasted until July 2003, when Kenny Holland was let go, and the show was re-branded as "Afentra's Big Fat Morning Buzz." By September 2003, the station completely shifted to a full-fledged modern rock format, which it continues with today. It returned the alternative rock format to Kansas City for the first time since 1999, when KLZR dumped alternative rock for Top 40/CHR and when KNRX dumped its alternative format for urban oldies. KLZR later changed to an adult top 40 format when KRBZ dumped modern AC.

Also in 2003, KRBZ was nearly pulled off the air when plans for sports station KCSP forced longtime country station WDAF to look for an FM home. Fans gathered to "Save The Buzz", showing a huge turnout and solidifying the station's alternative format. Instead, WDAF moved to 106.5 FM, displacing KCIY, a Smooth Jazz station.

On June 1, 2006, afternoon host/program director Lazlo announced he was leaving the station to become program director of sister station KNDD in Seattle. His then-wife, Afentra, host of morning show "Afentra's Big Fat Morning Buzz," worked her last day from the studios in Kansas City on August 4, but continued to host mornings at KRBZ via satellite from her home in Seattle until November. Her co-hosts remained in Kansas City. Operations Manager Greg Bergen took over as program director in the wake of Lazlo's exit. On September 8, morning co-host Danny Boi announced plans to leave the show and the station. He was replaced as co-host by Slimfast.

On November 10, 2006, it was announced that Lazlo, Afentra, and Slimfast would reunite on-air for "The Church of Lazlo", which broadcast from Seattle on KNDD and simulcast on KRBZ. On February 12, 2007, "The Dick Dale Show with Jessica Chase" debuted as the station's new morning show. Less than a month later, Chase quietly departed the station, ultimately being replaced by Kevin Quinn. On July 9, 2008, the morning show was disbanded with Dick Dale being let go from the station.

On July 17, 2008, Lazlo, Afentra, and Slimfast announced plans to end The Church of Lazlo's run on KNDD. This came shortly after the announcement that former KRBZ Program Director Mike Kaplan would take over programming duties at KNDD.

On August 25, 2008, both "Afentra's Big Fat Morning Buzz" and "The Church of Lazlo" returned live to Kansas City.

In 2014, the station was forced to pay $1 million in a defamation lawsuit that spawned from comments made on the morning show.

Afentra abruptly left the station on August 1, 2018, due to her contract not being extended. Her co-hosts, Danny Boi and Mark Van Sickle, continued the morning show as "Danny and Mark in the Morning". In 2022, Afentra would file an Equal Pay and Discrimination lawsuit against KRBZ for her termination.

On September 24, 2018, Jordin Silver joined Danny Boi and Mark on the morning show, and it was renamed "Mornings with Jordin Silver and Friends". Silver previously worked at KYSR in Los Angeles and KNDD. Danny Boi and Mark eventually left the station.

2020-present: Alt 96.5
On September 14, 2020, KRBZ rebranded as "Alt 96.5.” The move came after Entercom initiated airstaff cuts at their country and alternative formatted stations nationwide, which included morning host Jordin Silver (who would return to the station in April 2022 to host middays remotely from Los Angeles) and night host/"The Church of Lazlo" producer Hartzell Gray (now at WHB) being let go. KRBZ began airing Stryker & Klein (later renamed Klein & Ally) and Megan Holiday from sister KROQ in Los Angeles for mornings and middays, and Kevan Kenney and Bryce Segall from WNYL in New York City for nights and overnights, respectively. In addition, "The Church of Lazlo" remained in afternoons, though it would be syndicated to sister stations in Dallas, Detroit, and Las Vegas; also, former midday host Jeriney became a co-host (she has since left the station, and has been replaced by former “Church of Lazlo” co-host Snowcone). In addition, longtime specialty programs such as "Homegrown Buzz", "Resurrection Sunday", "Lazlo's Hardrive", and "Sonic Spectrum" were dropped. On November 15, 2021, KRBZ dropped Klein & Ally, as the show ended syndication to focus on their local audience in Los Angeles. Mornings would run jockless until January 3, 2022, when KRBZ became an affiliate for the WWDC/Washington, D.C.-based "Elliot in the Morning". In August 2022, “The Church of Lazlo” stopped airing in syndication, but continues to air in afternoons on KRBZ. At the end of 2022, KRBZ dropped Elliot in the Morning; mornings are currently jockless.

title: KRBZ


text:
List of Canadian electoral districts (1947–1952)

This is a list of electoral districts or ridings in Canada for the Canadian federal election of 1949. In 1947, ten new districts were created, but Newfoundland became a province in 1949, adding seven new districts. There were no elections held between 1947 and 1949, and there were no by-elections held in Newfoundland after joining confederation.

Electoral districts are constituencies that each elect one member of Parliament in Canada's House of Commons every election.

Newfoundland – 7 seats

 * Bonavista—Twillingate
 * Burin—Burgeo
 * Grand Falls—White Bay
 * Humber—St. George's
 * St. John's East
 * St. John's West
 * Trinity—Conception

Nova Scotia – 13 seats

 * Annapolis—Kings
 * Antigonish—Guysborough
 * Cape Breton North and Victoria
 * Cape Breton South
 * Colchester—Hants
 * Cumberland
 * Digby—Yarmouth
 * Halifax*
 * Inverness—Richmond
 * Lunenburg
 * Pictou
 * Queens—Shelburne

Prince Edward Island – 4 seats

 * King's
 * Prince
 * Queen's*

New Brunswick – 10 seats

 * Charlotte
 * Gloucester
 * Kent
 * Northumberland
 * Restigouche—Madawaska
 * Royal
 * St. John—Albert
 * Victoria—Carleton
 * Westmorland
 * York—Sunbury

Quebec – 73 seats

 * Argenteuil—Deux-Montagnes
 * Beauce
 * Beauharnois
 * Bellechasse
 * Berthier—Maskinongé
 * Bonaventure
 * Brome—Missisquoi
 * Cartier
 * Chambly—Rouville
 * Champlain
 * Chapleau
 * Charlevoix
 * Châteauguay—Huntingdon—Laprairie
 * Chicoutimi
 * Compton—Frontenac
 * Dorchester
 * Drummond—Arthabaska
 * Gaspé
 * Gatineau
 * Hochelaga
 * Hull
 * Îles-de-la-Madeleine
 * Jacques Cartier
 * Joliette—L'Assomption—Montcalm
 * Kamouraska
 * Labelle
 * Lac-Saint-Jean
 * Lafontaine
 * Lapointe
 * Laurier
 * Laval
 * Lévis
 * Lotbinière
 * Maisonneuve—Rosemont
 * Matapédia—Matane
 * Mégantic
 * Mercier
 * Montmagny—L'Islet
 * Mount Royal
 * Nicolet—Yamaska
 * Notre-Dame-de-Grâce
 * Outremont—St-Jean
 * Papineau
 * Pontiac—Témiscamingue
 * Portneuf
 * Quebec East
 * Quebec South
 * Quebec West
 * Québec—Montmorency
 * Richelieu—Verchères
 * Richmond—Wolfe
 * Rimouski
 * Roberval
 * Saguenay
 * Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot
 * Saint-Jean—Iberville—Napierville
 * Saint-Maurice—Laflèche
 * Shefford
 * Sherbrooke
 * St-Denis
 * St. Henri
 * St. Ann
 * St. Antoine—Westmount
 * St. James
 * St. Lawrence—St. George
 * St. Mary
 * Stanstead
 * Témiscouata
 * Terrebonne
 * Trois-Rivières
 * Vaudreuil—Soulanges
 * Verdun—La Salle
 * Villeneuve

Ontario – 83 seats

 * Algoma East
 * Algoma West
 * Brant—Wentworth
 * Brantford
 * Broadview
 * Bruce
 * Carleton
 * Cochrane
 * Danforth
 * Davenport
 * Dufferin—Simcoe
 * Durham
 * Eglinton
 * Elgin
 * Essex East
 * Essex South
 * Essex West
 * Fort William
 * Frontenac—Addington
 * Glengarry
 * Greenwood
 * Grenville—Dundas
 * Grey North
 * Grey—Bruce
 * Haldimand
 * Halton
 * Hamilton East
 * Hamilton West
 * Hastings South
 * Hastings—Peterborough
 * High Park
 * Huron North
 * Huron—Perth
 * Kenora—Rainy River
 * Kent
 * Kingston City
 * Lambton West
 * Lambton—Kent
 * Lanark
 * Leeds
 * Lincoln
 * London
 * Middlesex East
 * Middlesex West
 * Nipissing
 * Norfolk
 * Northumberland
 * Ontario
 * Ottawa East
 * Ottawa West
 * Oxford
 * Parkdale
 * Parry Sound-Muskoka
 * Peel
 * Perth
 * Peterborough West
 * Port Arthur
 * Prescott
 * Prince Edward—Lennox
 * Renfrew North
 * Renfrew South
 * Rosedale
 * Russell
 * Simcoe East
 * Simcoe North
 * Spadina
 * St. Paul's
 * Stormont
 * Sudbury
 * Timiskaming
 * Timmins
 * Trinity
 * Victoria
 * Waterloo North
 * Waterloo South
 * Welland
 * Wellington North
 * Wellington South
 * Wentworth
 * York East
 * York North
 * York South
 * York West

Manitoba – 16 seats

 * Brandon
 * Churchill
 * Dauphin
 * Lisgar
 * Marquette
 * Norquay
 * Portage—Neepawa
 * Provencher
 * Selkirk
 * Souris
 * Springfield
 * St. Boniface
 * Winnipeg North
 * Winnipeg North Centre
 * Winnipeg South
 * Winnipeg South Centre

Saskatchewan – 20 seats

 * Assiniboia
 * Humboldt
 * Kindersley
 * Lake Centre
 * Mackenzie
 * Maple Creek
 * Meadow Lake
 * Melfort
 * Melville
 * Moose Jaw
 * Moose Mountain
 * Prince Albert
 * Qu'Appelle
 * Regina City
 * Rosetown—Biggar
 * Rosthern
 * Saskatoon
 * Swift Current
 * The Battlefords
 * Yorkton

Alberta – 17 seats

 * Acadia
 * Athabaska
 * Battle River
 * Bow River
 * Calgary East
 * Calgary West
 * Camrose
 * Edmonton East
 * Edmonton West
 * Jasper—Edson
 * Lethbridge
 * Macleod
 * Medicine Hat
 * Peace River
 * Red Deer
 * Vegreville
 * Wetaskiwin

British Columbia – 18 seats

 * Burnaby—Richmond
 * Cariboo
 * Coast-Capilano
 * Comox—Alberni
 * Fraser Valley
 * Kamloops
 * Kootenay East
 * Kootenay West
 * Nanaimo
 * New Westminster
 * Skeena
 * Vancouver Centre
 * Vancouver East
 * Vancouver Quadra
 * Vancouver South
 * Vancouver—Burrard
 * Victoria
 * Yale

Yukon/Northwest Territories – 1 seat
*returned two members
 * Yukon—Mackenzie River


text:
Alma the Younger

In the Book of Mormon, Alma, the son of Alma is a Nephite prophet often referred to as Alma the Younger to distinguish him from his father, who is often referred to as Alma the Elder. These appellations, "the Younger" and "the Elder," are not used in the Book of Mormon; they are distinctions made by scholars, useful because both individuals were prominent during the same time period in the Book of Mormon's story and filled a similar cultural and religious role. Alma is the namesake of the Book of Alma.

Conversion
Alma the Younger lived in Zarahemla during the end of the reign of the Nephite King Mosiah. Adherents of the Latter Day Saint movement believe that he was born around 126 BC. As a young man, he, the four sons of Mosiah, and others wanted to destroy the church and actively persecuted its members. After they were visited personally by an angel and rebuked for their actions, Alma fell into an unconscious state where for three days and three nights he lay unable to move until he felt within that he had been forgiven of his sins. He later recounted that he had experienced a vision during unconsciousness, in which he renounced his behavior against the church and subsequently received a glimpse of God sitting on his throne. He and those who persecuted church members with him abdicated their role as persecutors and became followers of Christ.

Chief judge and high priest
Alma the Younger subsequently became the first elected chief judge of the Nephites as well as their religious leader.

When Amlici leads his followers in an insurrection against Nephite government, Alma as chief judge serves also as military commander and suppresses the Amlicites in the Amlicite Civil War.

Ministry
He observed that the Nephites of the church were becoming increasingly wicked, proud, disdainful of outsiders and neglectful toward the poor and needy. When the "unbelievers" began to follow their example, Alma feared the entire people were on the path to self-destruction (Alma 4:11). He resigned his post as chief judge and began traveling from city to city to preach to the Nephites. He began in Zarahemla, where his efforts were successful. A thorough purge of the church leadership and membership took place, with those former insiders and leaders who refused to relinquish their pride being "rejected, and their names blotted out".

Alma moved on to the cities of Gideon and Melek, where his call to humility was also well received. From Melek he traveled three days journey north to Ammonihah, whose inhabitants proved much more hardened than those of the previous three cities.

In Ammonihah the people were very wicked. They considered themselves superior to outsiders, especially the Lamanites, and gloried in the strength of their city, which they considered indestructible. According to Alma chapter 9, Satan held such control over them that they would not listen to Alma. While trying to speak to them he was abused and thrown out of the city. Commanded by an angel to return, Alma slipped back into the city through a different route from the south. There he met Amulek, a lapsed believer (Alma 10:5-6) of some social prominence who fed Alma and housed him for a time. In the city streets, the two of them joined up and preached to the people, where they were challenged by a lawyer named Zeezrom. After Amulek had silenced Zeezrom through his teaching and aroused his conscience, Alma took his turn, preaching to the people with similar results. When finished, Alma and Amulek were cast into prison and delivered by a miracle. A repentant Zeezrom eventually joined Alma in his missionary work.

Several years later, Alma met up with a man named Korihor, whom the Book of Mormon describes as an anti-Christ. This Korihor tried to lead the Nephites astray. Alma confronted him, confounding his arguments and miraculously removing Korihor's power of speech. The stricken Korihor signaled acknowledgement that he had acted maliciously, knowing all along that he was wrong and bringing destruction upon others. He was reduced to begging and was eventually run down and killed in a city of Nephite dissenters called Zoramites.

These same Zoramites were found to practice things that perverted the ways of the Lord. This led Alma to extend his missionary work to these people. While among them, he was most successful with the poor.

Alma's final instruction was to his sons, Helaman, Shiblon, and Corianton. He gave each separate lessons, and finally gave the records of the church to Helaman. He then departed, in the 19th year of the reign of the judges (or 73 BC) as if to go to Melek, but was never heard from again. Both Mormon and Helaman believed that he was taken up like Moses of old, and buried by the Lord.

Descendants
The Book of Mormon narrative describes several of Alma's notable descendants as shown in the following family tree:

Intertextuality
Alma's conversion is reminiscent of that of Saul of Tarsus, or Paul the Apostle, in the New Testament. Both persecute the Christian church, abruptly encounter divine figures (Jesus appears to Saul; an angel confronts Alma) that physically incapacitate them, and open physically recovering subsequently convert and commit to Christianity. Literary critic Michael Austin explains that by coexisting, these stories "encourage [readers] to universalize the possibility of conversion" and focus on the role of grace in Christian life.

title: Alma the Younger


text:
Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke

Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke (3 October 1554 – 30 September 1628) was an Elizabethan poet, dramatist, and statesman who served in the House of Commons at various times between 1581 and 1621, when he was raised to the peerage.

Greville was a capable administrator who served the English Crown under Elizabeth I and James I as, successively, treasurer of the navy, chancellor of the exchequer, and commissioner of the Treasury, and who for his services was in 1621 made Baron Brooke, peer of the realm. Greville was granted Warwick Castle in 1604, making numerous improvements. Greville is best known today as the biographer of Sir Philip Sidney, and for his sober poetry, which presents dark and thoughtful views on art, literature, beauty and other philosophical matters.

Life
Fulke Greville, born 3 October 1554, at Beauchamp Court, near Alcester, Warwickshire, was the only son of Sir Fulke Greville (1536–1606) and Anne Neville (d. 1583), the daughter of Ralph Neville, 4th Earl of Westmorland. He was the grandson of Sir Fulke Greville (d. 10 November 1559) and Elizabeth Willoughby (buried 15 November 1562), eldest daughter of Robert Willoughby, 2nd Baron Willoughby de Broke, the only other child of the marriage was a daughter, Margaret Greville (1561–1631/2), who married Sir Richard Verney.

He was sent in 1564, on the same day as his lifelong friend, Philip Sidney, to Shrewsbury School. He then went up to Jesus College, Cambridge in 1568.

Sir Henry Sidney, Philip's father, and president of the Council of Wales and the Marches, gave Greville in 1576 a post connected with the court of the Welsh Marches, but Greville resigned it in 1577 to go to attend the court of Queen Elizabeth I along with Philip Sidney. There, Greville became a great favourite with the Queen, who valued his sober character and administrative skills. In 1581, he was elected in a by-election as Member of Parliament for Southampton. Queen Elizabeth made him secretary to the principality of Wales in 1583. However, he was put out of favour more than once for leaving the country against her wishes.

In 1581 at a Whitehall tournament in honour of French ambassadors Greville, Philip Sidney, Philip Howard Earl of Arundel and Frederick Lord Windsor staged an entertainment as the "Four Foster Children of Desire". The ambassadors were working on plans for Elizabeth's marriage to Francis, Duke of Anjou. The "Foster Children" laid siege to the "Fortress of Perfect Beautie". After two days of challenges the Children admitted defeat. The entertainment was understood to convey the idea that Elizabeth was unattainable, devised by the opposition to the French marriage.

Greville, Philip Sidney and Sir Edward Dyer were members of the "Areopagus", the literary clique which, under the leadership of Gabriel Harvey, supported the introduction of classical metres into English verse. Sidney and Greville arranged to sail with Sir Francis Drake in 1585 in his expedition against the Spanish West Indies, but Elizabeth forbade Drake to take them with him, and also refused Greville's request to be allowed to join Robert Dudley's army in the Netherlands. Philip Sidney, who took part in the campaign, was killed on 17 October 1586. Greville memorialized his beloved friend in A Dedication to Sir Philip Sidney.

Greville participated in the Battle of Coutras in 1587. About 1591 Greville served further for a short time in Normandy under King Henry III of Navarre in the French Wars of Religion. This was his last experience of war.

Greville represented Warwickshire in parliament in 1592–1593, 1597, 1601 and 1621. In 1598 he was made Treasurer of the Navy, and he retained the office through the early years of the reign of James I.

Greville was granted Warwick Castle—situated on a bend of the River Avon in Warwickshire—by King James I in 1604. The castle was in a dilapidated condition when he took possession of it, and he spent £20,000 to restore it.

In 1614 he became chancellor and under-treasurer of the exchequer, and throughout the reign, he was a valued supporter of James I, although in 1615 he advocated the summoning of Parliament. In 1618 he became commissioner of the treasury, and in 1621 he was raised to the peerage with the title of Baron Brooke, a title which had belonged to the family of his paternal grandmother.

Death and legacy

On 1 September 1628 Greville was stabbed at his house in Holborn, London by Ralph Haywood, a servant who believed that he had been cheated by being left out of his master's will. Haywood then turned the knife on himself. Greville's physicians treated his wounds by filling them with pig fat. Rather than disinfecting them, the pig fat turned rancid and infected the wounds, and he died in agony four weeks after the attack. His body was brought back to Warwick, and he was buried in the Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick, and on his tomb was inscribed the epitaph he had composed:

Greville has numerous streets named after him in the Hatton Garden area of Holborn, London (see Hatton Garden).

A line from Chorus Sacerdotum from Mustapha is quoted by Christopher Hitchens in his book Letters to a Young Contrarian.

In 2018 the first-ever festival dedicated to Greville was launched in his home town, Alcester, Warwickshire.

Works

Greville is best known for his biography of Sidney (composed c. 1610–12), which circulated in manuscript with the title A Dedication to Sir Philip Sidney. It was published in 1652 as The Life of the Renowned Sir Philip Sidney. He includes some autobiographical matter in what amounts to a treatise on government.

Greville's poetry consists of closet tragedies, sonnets, and poems on political and moral subjects. His style is grave and sententious.

Greville's works include:

 * Biography
 * A Dedication to Sir Philip Sidney
 * Closet drama
 * Alaham
 * Mustapha
 * Verse poems
 * Caelica in CX Sonnets
 * Of Monarchy
 * A Treatise of Religion
 * A Treatie of Humane Learning
 * An Inquisition upon Fame and Honour
 * A Treatie of Warres
 * Miscellaneous prose
 * a letter to an "Honourable Lady",
 * a letter to Grevill Varney in France,
 * a short speech delivered on behalf of Francis Bacon

Editions
Greville's works were collected and reprinted by Alexander Balloch Grosart, in 1870, in four volumes. Poetry and Drama of Fulke Greville, edited by Geoffrey Bullough, was published in 1938. The Prose Works of Fulke Greville, edited by John Gouws, were published in 1986. The Selected Poems of Fulke Greville edited by Thom Gunn, with an afterword by Bradin Cormack, was published in 2009 (University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-30846-3.)

 * The Tragedy of Mustapha (London: Printed by J. Windet for N. Butter, 1609).
 * Certaine Learned and Elegant Workes (London: Printed by E. Purslowe for H. Seyle, 1633) comprises A Treatise of Humane Learning, An Inquisition upon Fame and Honour, A Treatise of Wars, Alaham, Mustapha, Caelica, A Letter to an Honorable Lady, and A Letter of Travel.
 * The Remains of Sir Fvlk Grevill Lord Brooke: Being Poems of Monarchy and Religion: Never Before Printed (London: Printed by T. N. for H. Herringman, 1670) comprises A Treatise of Monarchy and A Treatise of Religion.
 * Poems and Dramas of Fulke Greville, First Lord Brooke, 2 volumes, edited by Geoffrey Bullough (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1939; New York: Oxford University Press, 1945) comprises Caelica, A Treatise of Humane Learning, An Inquisition upon Fame and Honor, A Treatise of Wars, Mustapha, and Alaham.
 * The Remains: Being Poems of Monarchy and Religion, edited by G. A. Wilkes (London: Oxford University Press, 1965) comprises A Treatise of Monarchy and A Treatise of Religion.
 * The Prose Works Fulke Greville, Lord Brooke, edited by John Guows (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), published as part of the Oxford English Texts series. A scholarly edition of his prose works, with an authoritative text, together with an introduction, commentary notes, and scholarly apparatus.

The principal repository for Fulke Greville's papers is the British Library (Add MSS 54566-54571, the Warwick Manuscripts; letters in the as-yet uncatalogued Earl Cowper mss.). Individual manuscripts of the Dedication to Sir Philip Sidney are to be found at the Bodleian Library, Oxford (a manuscript formerly owned by Dr. B. E. Juel-Jensen); Trinity College, Cambridge (MSS R.7.32 and 33); and the Shrewsbury Library (MS 295).

Critical reception
Charles Lamb commented on Greville: "He is nine parts Machiavel and Tacitus, for one of Sophocles and Seneca... Whether we look into his plays or his most passionate love-poems, we shall find all frozen and made rigid with intellect." He goes on to speak of the obscurity of expression that runs through all of Greville's poetry.

Andrea McCrea sees the influence of Justus Lipsius in the Letter to an Honourable Lady, but elsewhere detects a scepticism more akin to Michel de Montaigne.

A rhyming elegy on Greville, published in Henry Huth's Inedited Poetical Miscellanies, brings charges of miserliness against him.

Robert Pinsky has asserted that this work is comparable in force of imagination to John Donne.

Family
Lord Brooke, who never married, left no natural heirs, and his senior (Brooke) barony passed to his cousin and adopted son, Robert Greville (1608–1643), who took the side of Parliament in the English Civil War, and defeated the Royalists in a skirmish at Kineton in August 1642.

Robert was killed during the siege of Lichfield on 2 March 1643, having survived the elder Greville by only fifteen years.

His other barony (Willoughby de Broke) was inherited by his sister Margaret who married Sir Richard Verney.

He was known to have been the lover of Philip Sidney.

title: Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke


text:
Methylenecyclopropene

3-Methylenecyclopropene, also called methylenecyclopropene or triafulvene, is a hydrocarbon with chemical formula C4H4. It is a colourless gas that polymerizes readily as a liquid or in solution but is stable as a gas. This highly strained and reactive molecule was synthesized and characterized for the first time in 1984, and has been the subject of considerable experimental and theoretical interest. It is an example of a cross-conjugated alkene, being composed of cyclopropene with an exocyclic double bond attached.

Description
Methylenecyclopropene is the smallest of the fulvenes (a family of unstable, cyclic molecules, conjugated transversally with an odd number of carbon atoms in the ring).

The structure of methylenecyclopropene has two interacting double bonds, which represents the simplest transversally conjugated π-bonding system. It is fundamentally not an alternant hydrocarbon. The value of its dipole moment (which is around four times that of pentafulvene) can be calculated by the Hückel method (HMO).

Its study has involved the use of isotopic isomers.

Reactivity
Most fulvenes are typically non-aromatic in nature (based on spectroscopic data), having properties closer to alkenes. In the case of tria- and pentafulvene, the possibility of dipole forms of resonance suggests an aromatic character to the cyclic structure; furthermore, as opposed to pentafulvene, one of the triafulvene resonance structures has a negative charge on the methylidene carbon. Similarly to heptafulvene (fulvene containing a 7-atom cyclic ring), triafulvene polymerizes easily at −20 °C and is stabilized by electron-accepting groups bonded to the methylidene carbon atom.

title: Methylenecyclopropene


text: Category:Ancient mathematicians

title: Category:Ancient mathematicians


text: User talk:213.13.238.166

title: User talk:213.13.238.166


text:
Abinadi

According to the Book of Mormon, Abinadi was a prophet who lived on the American continent about 150 BC. In the Book of Mormon account, Abinadi visited the court of King Noah at Lehi-Nephi, and pleaded for them to repent of their iniquity and live the law of Moses. Abinadi also gave Noah the message of the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ to earth in the flesh, to live among the children of men. Noah and his priests threatened Abinadi that unless he recalled all the words he had said against him and his priests, they would kill him. Abinadi stood by his words and Noah had him burned with fire. One of Noah's priests, Alma the Elder, adhered to Abinadi's message and eventually became a prophet himself.

Etymology
According to Todd Parker, the name "Abinadi" appears to be symbolic. In Hebrew, ab means "father," abi means "my father," and nadi is "present with you," so the name Abinadi may reflect his mission; it may mean something like "my father is present with you." In the Book of Mormon account, the alleged reason for killing him was because Abinadi claimed that God would come down and would be with man (see ). That was the charge of blasphemy they finally used to put him to death.

Praise
M. Russell Ballard of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles praised Abinadi for courage and obedience: “Abinadi infuriated wicked King Noah with his courageous testimony of the Lord Jesus Christ. Eventually this great missionary offered the ultimate sacrifice for his witness and faith but not before his pure testimony touched one believing heart. Alma, one of King Noah’s priests, ‘repented of his sins ..., [accepted Jesus as the Christ,] and went about privately among the people, and began to teach the words of Abinadi’ (Mosiah 18:1). Many were converted to the gospel of Jesus Christ as a direct result of Abinadi’s powerfully borne testimony of the Savior, believed by one soul, Alma.”

While serving in the Seventy, Cree-L Kofford discussed Abinadi's influence: “What is there that is so special about Abinadi? Perhaps it was his total obedience as he went, presumably alone, among those whom he must have known would take his life, to deliver the word of the Lord and to cry repentance to the people. Perhaps it is the very fact that we know so little about him, or perhaps it was simply the way with which he faced the adversities which came into his life in such a straightforward, ‘square-to-the world’ way. Whatever the reason, Abinadi was and is special. His life, lived so long ago, still has the power to excite the mind and cause the pulse to pound.”

Comparison to King Benjamin
According to Todd Parker, there are many similarities between the speeches of King Benjamin and Abinadi.

Type of Christ
According to Jeffrey R. Holland, Abinadi is a type of Christ.

title: Abinadi


text:
Talk:Fulke Greville, 5th Baron Willoughby de Broke

Is this the same person as Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke? Points in favor: the same dates! Points against: if as 5th Baron W de B he was succeeded by his sister (having no heirs), then wouldn't the newly-created title Baron Brooke have died out with him? This article temporarily redirects to the other, until somebody can resolve the matter. 138.88.197.206 04:12, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, they are the same person. During his lifetime, however, he was not Baron Willoughby de Broke; it's a title that is "given" him retrospectively by current interpretation of peerage law. The Brooke barony was created with a special remainder "failing the heirs male of his body", to Robert Greville and William Greville, sons of Fulke Greville, who was only son and heir of Robert Greville, brother of Sir Fulke Greville, the father of the first Baron Brooke. In the event, the 1st Baron died sine prole, but was succeeded under the special remainder by his cousin, whom he had also adopted. The Willoughby de Broke barony, with no special remainder, was (later) deemed to have been inherited by the heir general of the original grantee, Fulke's sister Margaret.
 * He was also, de jure, Lord Latimer. - Nunh-huh 04:33, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)


text:
Ivens Buffett

Ivens François "Toon" Buffett (died 19 July 2004) was a political figure from the Australian External Territory of Norfolk Island. He was the first sitting minister of an Australian government to be assassinated.

Before his death, Buffett was serving as Lands Minister and Deputy Chief Minister of Norfolk Island. He had previously served one term as Chief Executive.

Murder
On 19 July 2004, Buffett was shot dead in his office with his own Lee-Enfield .303 rifle.

Buffett's 25-year-old son, Leith, was charged with the murder of his father. Legal proceedings then found that Leith was  incompetent to stand trial, because of severe mental illness. Leith has been described as believing that his father was "The Evil Prophet".

Due to the inadequacy of jail cells and hospice facilities on the island, Leith Buffett was transferred to Sydney, first to Long Bay Prison's hospital, a matter which required an amendment to the Crimes Act 1999 in New South Wales.

Police stressed that the Buffett case was unrelated to the 2002 death of Janelle Patton who, until Buffett's death, had been the only person in the island's recent history to be murdered there.

title: Ivens Buffett


text:
Talk:Alaska Purchase

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 19 January 2021 and 7 May 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): NicholasSkwarko.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 13:44, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Link “United States” in lead?
Apparently this issue is not going away, so a discussion is in order. In the meantime I have asked for page protection while we discuss it in order to stop edit warring.

My take is that readers of an English-language encyclopedia are already going to know what the United States is, and therefore WP:OVERLINK is the relevant policy. Anyone else? Beeblebrox (talk) 01:11, 20 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I agree with Beeblebrox. Rjensen (talk) 11:41, 20 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Disagree. As an administrator you should know that many people use wikipedia to help learn and (sigh) practice english. Taken to extremes we should delete the link to General Motors on the Chevrolet page, or NASA on the moon landings. But beyond all that, logically there should be a link to all three fundamental parts of this article; seller, buyer, and property. 50.64.119.38 (talk) 17:23, 24 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Strongly agree -- the link to US is useless for all readers and suggests the readers are stupid. Link to Seward or History of Foreign Policy maybe. Rjensen (talk) 18:22, 24 January 2018 (UTC)
 * is a terrible policy in general. The entire purpose of an online encyclopedia is to facilitate linking. Of course the US should be linked at least once in the article. — Llywelyn II   08:10, 19 August 2019 (UTC)

Alabama Claims
The article should have a much more thorough discussion of the Alabama Claims dispute. Nearly the entire reason Seward was interested in the purchase of Alaska was because he expected that negotiations would soon connect Oregon to the new territories with ceded land. — Llywelyn II   08:10, 19 August 2019 (UTC)

Area
The article says that the purchase added 586,412 square miles to the U.S., but the present-day land area of Alaska is 571,951 square miles. What happened to the difference, namely 14,461 square miles? The language in the treaty between the US and Russia describes a border that sounds a lot like the present-day border, including the meridian on the eastern border at 141° W. Was there a surveying change, a land sale, a change in ownership due to some other treaty (maybe with Britain), or what? The difference might be worth mentioning if anyone knows what it derives from. DKMell (talk) 19:45, 6 May 2020 (UTC)
 * For the record, new topics should be at the bottom of a Talk page. No big deal, I fixed it.
 * As for the question, that's probably better asked on the Reference Desk. This page is more about making edits to the article itself. It's hard to say when anyone who knows the answer will stop by here, but the RefDesk is patrolled all the time. —  The Hand That Feeds You :Bite 21:06, 6 May 2020 (UTC)

Where is the Bidding War?
I thought the Russians wanted to start a bidding war between Britian and the Americans but the British showed no interest. What happened to that? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 116.204.144.50 (talk) 07:40, 29 January 2021 (UTC)

Yes. that is a great question. I thought the Russians were starting a bidding war too. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.39.128.90 (talk) 04:51, 7 May 2021 (UTC)

Cost per area unit.
Third paragraph of intro section contains the line: "In modern terms, the cost was equivalent to $133 million in 2020 dollars or $0.37 per acre (approximately $0.21 per hectare)."

Since a hectare is larger than an acre, why would it be cheaper?

($133 million divided by 151,880,000 hectares would be roughly $0.8757 per hectare. $133 million divided by [586,412 x 640] acres would be roughly  $0.3544 per acre.) 96.8.177.85 (talk) 20:59, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

 * Someone recently added the per hectare figure and I have reverted that change. The way I've commonly heard it expressed is 2 cents per acre, but that would be at the time of the purchase, without inflation adjustment. (all approximate of course)
 * $7.2 million divided by (586,412 x 640) = $0.019 per acre ($0.05 per hectare).
 * Adjusted for inflation, as you've said: $133 million divided by (586,412 x 640) = $0.354 per acre ($0.88 per hectare).
 * The article uses inflation-converting templates and since we are just plucking that 133 million from the output, there are likely significant rounding errors going on with our calculations. The article Alaska phrases and presents it with different conversions, but it could be better if it was more clear the '2 cents per acre' is without inflation. DB1729 (talk) 01:00, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

 * ...If you really want the correct hectares conversion in the article: $ (maximum precision from the inflation template) divided by 151,880,011 hectares = approx. $0.878 per hectare. So it seems the 88 cents per hectare is a fairly decent approximation. But for the record, I'm fine with leaving it the way it is currently. DB1729 (talk) 02:14, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

George Pomutz
Can someone add this in please? I don't have time to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Pomutz This guy was key in negotiating the Alaska Purchase. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.122.248.155 (talk) 11:13, 24 October 2021 (UTC)

Claims by Russia
I've restored a section in this article that provided quotes of Russian offials that Russia could someday claim Alaska. Wether this claim is valid or not is not my point. I'm now wondering, are the Business Insider and The Moscow Times reliable enough to support adding this quote? I think it is a bold claim and we should get it right in terms of what has been said, independent of the validity of the claim. Thanks for your opinions and happy editing! RealLifeRobot (talk) 14:08, 16 July 2022 (UTC)
 * The issue here isn't really verifiability, so much as WP:DUE. It's a political, polemic statement by the Russian officials that was covered by reliable sources... but it was a tempest in a teapot. No one took it seriously, and it disappeared from the news cycle almost immediately. Thus we'd be giving undue weight to the statement by including it in the article, and that's why we should leave it out.
 * That said, the IP needs to stop claiming that everything stated by a Russian official is "propaganda" & reverting on sight. That's not helpful. —  The Hand That Feeds You :Bite 15:14, 17 July 2022 (UTC)
 * I agree that it is undue weight and "recentism". This was a silly saber-rattling remark with no basis in reality. The civilian population could push back any attempt by Russia to invade, let alone the massive military presence here. Beeblebrox (talk) 17:40, 17 July 2022 (UTC)
 * As someone who seldom edits on Wikipedia and submitted the edit, admittedly I'm not familiar with Wikipedia's best editorial practices, of which there are many. I think we can all agree that it's probably best to remove per the cited WP:DUE and I have done just that. The IP was not interested in removal for legitimate reasons independent of site wide policy. JustMayes (talk) 09:36, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Perhaps it should be added now? https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/putin-stokes-tensions-with-us-declares-1867-sale-of-alaska-illegal/ar-BB1h1lcT Victor Grigas (talk) 20:47, 22 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alaska Purchase


text:
Shelter-half

A shelter-half is a simple kind of partial tent designed to provide temporary shelter and concealment when combined with one or more sections. Two sheets of canvas or a similar material (the halves) are fastened together with snaps, straps or buttons to form a larger surface. The shelter-half is then erected using poles, ropes, pegs, and whatever tools are on hand, forming an inverted V structure. Small tents like these are often called pup tents in American English.

Background
Shelter halves are a mainstay of most armies, and are known from the mid 19th century. Often, each soldier carries one shelter-half and half the poles, etc., and they pair off to erect a two-man tent. The size and shape of each half shelter piece may vary from army to army, but are typically rectangular, triangular or lozenge shaped. When time and space allow, some forms of half-shelters can be combined into a larger, more complex tent.

Shelter-halves are usually designed to serve double duty as ponchos against the rain, or for the concealment of snipers. While the fabric is often simple olive drab, several nations use camouflaged fabric. The first printed camouflage for soldiers were the Italian Telo mimetico introduced in 1929 for their half-shelters. The first camouflage uniforms were the Second World War German paratrooper smock, based on their M1931 Splittermuster shelter-halves. The Austro-Hungarian army used the M888 zeltbahn that was first issued in an ochre color, later in grey color that had a bayonet hole allowing the rifle to be used as an ad-hoc tent pole. Russian Army has used plasch-palatkas (literally "cape-tents", designed to be used as both a part of a larger tent cover, or an individual weatherproof cape) since 1894, and the modern version, virtually unchanged since, was introduced in 1936, with the camo version being available since 1942. To add some confusion, the ordinary waterproofed cape with a similar name (plasch-nakidka, "cape-overcoat") was issued at the same time, but these were not intended to combine with each other.

A commercially sold example known as a zelter shelter exists.

title: Shelter-half


text:
User:Mav/images/Idaho

Photos of Craters of the Moon National Monument, the Snake River, Snake River Canyon and nearby features.

title: User:Mav/images/Idaho


text:
Head crash

A head crash is a hard-disk failure that occurs when a read–write head of a hard disk drive makes contact with its rotating platter, slashing its surface and permanently damaging its magnetic media. It is most often caused by a sudden severe motion of the disk, for example the jolt caused by dropping a laptop to the ground while it is operating or physically shocking a computer.

Head details
A head normally rides on a thin film of moving air entrapped at the surface of its platter (some drives manufactured by Conner Peripherals in the mid-1990s used a thin liquid layer instead ). The distance between the head and platter is called the flying height. The topmost layer of the platter is made of a Teflon-like material that acts like a lubricant. Underneath is a layer of sputtered carbon. These two layers protect the magnetic layer (data storage area) from most accidental touches of the read-write head.

The disk read-and-write head is made using thin film techniques that include materials hard enough to scratch through the protective layers. A head crash can be initiated by a force that puts enough pressure on the platters from the heads to scratch through to the magnetic storage layer. A tiny particle of dirt or other detritus, excessive shock or vibration (such as accidentally dropping a running drive), can cause a head to bounce against its disk, destroying the thin magnetic coating on the area the heads come in contact with, and often damaging the heads in the process. After this initial crash, countless numbers of fine particles from the damaged area can land on other areas and can cause more head crashes when the heads move over those particles, quickly causing significant damage and data loss, and rendering the drive useless. Some modern hard disks incorporate free fall sensors to offer protection against head crashes caused by accidentally dropping the drive.

Differences at RPMs
Since most modern drives spin at rates between 5,400 and 15,000 RPM, the damage caused to the magnetic coating can be extensive. At 7,200 RPM, the edge of the platter is traveling at over 120 km/h, and as the crashed head drags over the platter surface, the read-write head generally overheats, making the drive or at least parts of it unusable until the head cools down.

Older heads
Older drives typically rotated far more slowly and had larger heads flying higher above the surface of the medium. However, since in many cases, the medium was housed in a removable cartridge or pack and since air filtration was comparatively crude, crashes were fairly frequent and invariably expensive.

Laptops
Head crashes have been a frequent problem on laptop computers since they first incorporated hard drives, since a laptop computer is more liable to be dropped or jostled than a stationary machine. This has led to the development of protective technologies that "park" the head at a safe distance from the disk when sudden motion, such as that of a dropped computer, is detected. Active Hard Disk Protection software and sensors began appearing in laptops in 2003 with IBM introducing it in their ThinkPad line of laptops, becoming common around 2009 with the introduction of Windows 7. These drives are also designed to "self-park" during sudden power loss, which has reduced the incidence of head crashes. With the popularization of solid-state drives, which have no head or disk, the head-crash issue has been nearly eliminated in modern laptops.

title: Head crash


text:
Enos (Book of Mormon prophet)

Enos (אֱנוֹשׁ) is a figure in the Book of Mormon who is a son or grandson of Jacob, a Nephite prophet and author of the Book of Enos. According to the Book of Mormon, Enos lived sometime in the 6th century BC.

Nephite record keeping
According to the Book of Mormon narrative, Enos was third in the series of record keepers who maintained the record of the Nephites, a set of metal plates containing the spiritual and secular history of the Nephites. Enos was given charge of the record by his father, Jacob, son of Lehi and brother of Nephi. Both Nephi and Jacob had kept the record previously, recording First and Second Nephi and the Book of Jacob, respectively. Enos's contribution to the record, the Book of Enos, consists of a single chapter, told in the first person, describing his own conversion and subsequent ministry.

Following Enos's death the record of the Nephites was kept by Enos' son, Jarom.

Early life
No details of Enos's early life are given except that he had been taught by his father "in the nurture and the admonition of the Lord". Because Enos begins his story by telling of his "wrestle which [he] had before God, before [he] received a remission of [his] sins", it is sometimes assumed that he had been rebellious prior to that time. President Spencer W. Kimball said, "Like many sons of good families he strayed. How heinous were his sins I do not know, but they must have been grievous".

Conversion
Enos relates that, while hunting beasts in the forest, his "soul hungered" and he knelt and prayed for forgiveness. His prayer continued throughout the day and into the night, until he heard a voice, saying: "Enos, thy sins are forgiven thee, and thou shalt be blessed". Having obtained personal forgiveness, Enos continued to pray on behalf of his people, the Nephites, and was given to understand that they would be blessed "according to their diligence in keeping [God's] commandments". His faith being strengthened by these revelations, he began to pray for "[his] brethren, the Lamanites", who had become estranged from the Nephites and were now their enemies. He received a promise that the record of the Nephites would be preserved and would be brought forth to the Lamanites in the Lord's "due time".

Ministry
According to the Book of Mormon, following his conversion, Enos went forth prophesying to the Nephites. He testifies that the Nephites tried to "restore the Lamanites to the true faith in God", but that they were unsuccessful. He describes the Lamanites as having become "wild, and ferocious, and a blood-thirsty people". The Nephites, in contrast, are industrious at farming and herding, but Enos makes it clear that they were "stiffnecked" and continual preaching of the word of God was necessary to keep them from "going down speedily to destruction".

At the close of his record, Enos testifies of his unshakeable faith in his Redeemer.

Representing a dual message of the Book of Mormon
In Americanist Approaches to the Book of Mormon, literary critic Terryl Givens suggests, in agreement with Grant Hardy, that there are two types of salvation emphasized by the Book of Mormon, both exemplified by Enos. He prays for his individual salvation and shortly after, prays for the salvation of his people. Enos demonstrates, according to Givens, a broader theme of the book promoting both an individual relationship with Christ as well as the gathering of scattered Israel.

Possible origin of the name
The name "Enos" or "Enosh" (Hebrew: אֱנוֹשׁ) appears in at least two books of the Bible. It means "mortal man", in Hebrew, which Hugh Nibley remarks as being similar in definition to the name "Adam".

In the Book of Genesis, Enos is the first son of Seth who figures in the Generations of Adam, and consequently referred to within the genealogies of Chronicles, and the genealogy of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke.

Family
Between the records of Jacob and Enos, more than 120 years is covered, which leads some to question Enos' timeline. It has been suggested that Jacob may not have been his father, rather his grandfather, as Enos never mentions his father by name.

Or, alternately:

title: Enos (Book of Mormon prophet)