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Full Moon o Sagashite

Full Moon o Sagashite (をさがして) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Arina Tanemura. It was serialized in the shōjo manga magazine Ribon from January 2002 to June 2004 and collected in seven tankōbon volumes.

The series was adapted into an anime television series produced by Nihon Ad Systems, which ended before the manga was completed, as well as an original video animation distributed through Ribon. The anime series was broadcast on TV Tokyo.

Viz Media acquired English distribution rights to both the manga and the anime, with the first 28 episodes of the anime released.

Plot
Twelve-year-old Mitsuki Koyama dreams of becoming a singer to reunite with her first love, Eichi Sakurai, who she met in an orphanage when they were younger. However, she is afflicted with throat sarcoma, which affects her ability to breathe well and sing loudly. Her tumor can be cured only through a surgery that could damage her vocal cords. At the same time, her grandmother is completely against Mitsuki's wish to audition. Mitsuki's dreams seem impossible to achieve until she is visited by two shinigami, Takuto and Meroko, whom only she could see. Takuto and Meroko reveal that Mitsuki has only one year left to live, and, realizing she cannot wait any longer to fulfill her dream, Mitsuki moves Takuto to agree to a compromise: if he helps her become a singer, she will allow him to take her soul once the year is over. Takuto gives her the ability to transform into a 16-year-old, so that she could meet the age requirements of the audition and sing. Mitsuki wins over the judges, sealing a contract with Seed Records. To conceal her true identity, she chooses the stage name "Full Moon".

As Mitsuki gains a presence in the music industry, she runs away from home. Over time, Mitsuki begins to become more acquainted with Takuto and Meroko, as well as Izumi, Meroko's former partner. However, Mitsuki's career causes Takuto to regain his past memories as a singer who was previously part of her father's band, and that he had attempted to die by suicide after a surgery to remove his throat sarcoma left him unable to sing. Through this, Mitsuki learns that all shinigami had been humans in their previous life who had died by suicide. Later, the shinigami discover that Eichi had died shortly after leaving the orphanage, and Mitsuki had kept secret about his death out of regret for not being able to confess to him. Takuto, realizing he is in love with Mitsuki, helps her come to terms over his death.

Soon after, Mitsuki admits to Takuto that she wants to return home and decides to undergo surgery to remove her tumor. Izumi discovers Jonathan's true identity is Sheldan, the head of the shinigami pediatrics ward, who has decided to forcefully take Mitsuki's soul. Takuto and Meroko travel to the underworld; however, Mitsuki is able to free Izumi and confronts Sheldan and the Death Master. Sheldan and the Death Master reveal that ever since Mitsuki met the shinigami, she was no longer fated to die, and Eichi's soul had protected her from them. After returning, Mitsuki attends her final concert as Full Moon and retires. Four years later, Mitsuki has resumed her singing career under her true identity and holds a concert that is viewed by her friends and family. During the concert, she reunites with Takuto, who has awoken from his coma and his throat healed by Sheldan, and confesses her feelings to him. Realizing Mitsuki no longer needs him, Eichi's soul finally ascends to heaven.

Main characters

 * Mitsuki Kōyama (神山 満月)
 * Mitsuki is a 12-year-old girl who dreams of becoming a pop singer, but she has a tumor in her vocal cords which restricts her ability to sing. With Takuto's help, she transforms into Full Moon (フルムーン), a 16-year-old idol, completely cancer-free and able to sing. Mitsuki eventually learns that Eichi died after leaving to move to America, and despite being distraught at first, Takuto helps her cope and realize that she must live her life to the fullest.
 * Through the series, Mitsuki realizes that she loves Takuto, but feels guilty for it because she is afraid of forgetting Eichi. Mitsuki decides that she loves both of them and confesses to Takuto, as well as accept that Eichi would like her to be happy. Near the end, her illness is cured with her being able to pursue a singing career and relationship with Takuto, but keeps Eichi in a special place in her heart.
 * Through the series, Mitsuki realizes that she loves Takuto, but feels guilty for it because she is afraid of forgetting Eichi. Mitsuki decides that she loves both of them and confesses to Takuto, as well as accept that Eichi would like her to be happy. Near the end, her illness is cured with her being able to pursue a singing career and relationship with Takuto, but keeps Eichi in a special place in her heart.

 * Takuto Kira (タクト·キラ)
 * Takuto is a trainee shinigami partnered with Meroko in the team Negi Ramen. Takuto is capable of transforming into an anthropomorphic cat stuffed toy. Despite being assigned to take Mitsuki's soul, he is moved by her plight and transforms her into Full Moon. Takuto falls in love with Mitsuki as the series progresses, and he remembers his past as Takuto Kira (吉良 托人), the lead singer of Route:L, the band that both Mitsuki's father and her doctor were in. After a malignant tumor in his throat took his voice, he attempted suicide and remained in a coma for the next two years. At the end of the series, Takuto saves Mitsuki's life, violating fate and his duty as a shinigami.
 * At the end of the manga, he is seen as a human again in the hospital, having lost three months of memories. Three years later, he reunites with Mitsuki during her concert. In the anime, he dies from a motorcycle accident, and after being given a second chance at life, Takuto is reborn as a human with no memories of his former lives, but still carries the cat charm Mitsuki gave him.
 * At the end of the manga, he is seen as a human again in the hospital, having lost three months of memories. Three years later, he reunites with Mitsuki during her concert. In the anime, he dies from a motorcycle accident, and after being given a second chance at life, Takuto is reborn as a human with no memories of his former lives, but still carries the cat charm Mitsuki gave him.

 * Meroko Yui (めろこ·ユイ)
 * Meroko is a shinigami and Takuto's partner who is capable of transforming into an anthropomorphic bunny stuffed toy. She pines for Takuto one-sidedly, sometimes antagonizing Mitsuki due to his protectiveness over her. As a human, Meroko was named Moe Rikyō (里匡 萌) and the best friend of Mitsuki's grandmother, Fuzuki; both fell in love with Seijuro Koga. However, Seijuro returned only Fuzuki's affections and arranged things so the two could be engaged. Fuzuki's loutish ex-fiancé was passed on to Moe, who attempted to rape her. Feeling betrayed by her friend, Moe committed suicide. Meroko eventually makes amends with Fuzuki.
 * In the manga, Meroko and Izumi reconcile their relationship and become shinigami partners again. In the anime, Meroko is exiled from the shinigami and resolves to become a ghost to save Takuto; in reward for this kindness, she is made into an angel and given Takuto's soul to deliver a second chance.
 * In the manga, Meroko and Izumi reconcile their relationship and become shinigami partners again. In the anime, Meroko is exiled from the shinigami and resolves to become a ghost to save Takuto; in reward for this kindness, she is made into an angel and given Takuto's soul to deliver a second chance.

 * Izumi Rio (いずみ·リオ)
 * Izumi is the main antagonist of the series and he is a cold and distant shinigami assigned to the Pediatrics Ward and is part of the team Yami Nabe with Jonathan. He can transform into an anthropomorphic dog stuffed toy, but rarely does so. Izumi and Meroko originally worked together, but dissolved their partnership and reassigned her to train Takuto. Later, Izumi realizes he is in love with her and wants to reunite.
 * In his human life, he was a boy named Lio Izumi (泉利緒) whose mother was abusive. In an attempt to see his mother smile again, he ran onto the train tracks and was killed, later awakening as a shinigami with all of his memories. Mitsuki helps him understand his mother's feelings and he makes peace with his past. At the end of the manga, Izumi becomes Meroko's partner again and watches over Mitsuki and Takuto.
 * In his human life, he was a boy named Lio Izumi (泉利緒) whose mother was abusive. In an attempt to see his mother smile again, he ran onto the train tracks and was killed, later awakening as a shinigami with all of his memories. Mitsuki helps him understand his mother's feelings and he makes peace with his past. At the end of the manga, Izumi becomes Meroko's partner again and watches over Mitsuki and Takuto.

Recurring characters

 * Eichi Sakurai (桜井 英知)
 * Eichi is Mitsuki's childhood friend and her first love. He is a kind and gentle boy, but resents the moon after being reminded about the death of his grandfather. However, after meeting Mitsuki at the orphanage, Eichi grows to love the moon again and dreams of becoming an astronomer. Before moving to America, Eichi tells Mitsuki that he loves her, but she cannot reply by the time he leaves. Shortly after leaving, he dies in a fatal accident.
 * At the end of the manga, Mitsuki learns that Takuto's first assignment was taking Eichi's soul, but Eichi refused to depart the world because of her. He becomes a ghost and watches over her, which gives her the power to see shinigami. He stays with her until the end, when he sees that Mitsuki is happy with her career and with Takuto.
 * At the end of the manga, Mitsuki learns that Takuto's first assignment was taking Eichi's soul, but Eichi refused to depart the world because of her. He becomes a ghost and watches over her, which gives her the power to see shinigami. He stays with her until the end, when he sees that Mitsuki is happy with her career and with Takuto.

 * Fuzuki Kōyama (神山 文月)
 * Fuzuki is Mitsuki's maternal grandmother who adopted Mitsuki when she was 10 years old. She hates music because she believes that it has stolen everyone she has loved. After Mitsuki runs away from home, disappearing from her life, Fuzuki gradually accepts the fact that she cannot keep Mitsuki from music, and the two reconcile.
 * In the manga, Fuzuki was best friends with Moe Rikyo, and they both fell in love with Seijuro Koga. He chose Fuzuki as his fiancée, but Fuzuki refused the engagement out of loyalty to Moe. She later married another man. At the end, Fuzuki reunites with a widowed Seijuro.
 * In the anime, Fuzuki was engaged to a man who wanted to become a famous pianist. He became obsessed with practicing the piano. When he suggested Fuzuki should rest, he ended their relationship.
 * In the anime, Fuzuki was engaged to a man who wanted to become a famous pianist. He became obsessed with practicing the piano. When he suggested Fuzuki should rest, he ended their relationship.

 * Yone Tanaka (田中 よね)
 * Tanaka is Fuzuki's maid. She also has a crush on Wakaoji and is jealous of Oshige, mistaking her to be Wakaōji's fiancée, but concedes when she believes the two are in love.
 * Tanaka is Fuzuki's maid. She also has a crush on Wakaoji and is jealous of Oshige, mistaking her to be Wakaōji's fiancée, but concedes when she believes the two are in love.

 * Keiichi Wakaōji (若王子 圭一)
 * Wakaōji is Mitsuki's doctor. He had played the keyboard in her father's band, Route:L, where he was also nicknamed the "Prince of Route:L" by his fans. Due to his connection with Mitsuki's parents, as well as witnessing Takuto committing suicide after removing the tumor in his vocal cords, Wakaōji becomes protective of her. Mitsuki learns that Wakaoji loved her mother because of a letter he thought she had written him, but Wakaōji falls in love with Ōshige when he discovers the letter was from her. In a side story, he asks Ōshige to marry him and she accepts.
 * Wakaōji is Mitsuki's doctor. He had played the keyboard in her father's band, Route:L, where he was also nicknamed the "Prince of Route:L" by his fans. Due to his connection with Mitsuki's parents, as well as witnessing Takuto committing suicide after removing the tumor in his vocal cords, Wakaōji becomes protective of her. Mitsuki learns that Wakaoji loved her mother because of a letter he thought she had written him, but Wakaōji falls in love with Ōshige when he discovers the letter was from her. In a side story, he asks Ōshige to marry him and she accepts.

 * Masami Ōshige (大重 正実)
 * Ōshige is Fullmoon's 28-year-old manager and a former singer under the stage name Yuina Hanakazari (花飾 結菜). Ōshige is in love with Wakaōji, having been smitten with him since his days in Route:L, but she feels she is too old and unworthy of true love with a man. To cope with this despair as well as with the pressures of her job, she often loses herself in a bottle of sake and also sleeps with her boss out of loneliness despite his being married. At the end of the manga, Wakaōji discovers Ōshige had written an encouraging letter to him in the past, and they begin a relationship, eventually getting engaged.
 * "Ōshige" is a combination of Tanemura's editors names. She created Ōshige as a heavy drinker because her editors like to drink.
 * "Ōshige" is a combination of Tanemura's editors names. She created Ōshige as a heavy drinker because her editors like to drink.

 * Madoka Wakamatsu (若松 円)
 * Madoka Wakamatsu, whose real name is Chisato Kurebayashi (暮林 千暁), is Fullmoon's rival in the music industry and befriends 12-year-old Mitsuki at the same time. Despite being talented, Madoka is constantly upstaged by Fullmoon because she initially lacks the heart Mitsuki gives her songs. Additionally, Madoka is insecure because she had plastic surgery to make herself beautiful as a celebrity, and thus was disowned by her family. Madoka has a small pig called Gu-chan (ぐっちゃん) who worships her. Although Madoka sometimes takes out her anger on Gu-chan, she really loves him.
 * Madoka Wakamatsu, whose real name is Chisato Kurebayashi (暮林 千暁), is Fullmoon's rival in the music industry and befriends 12-year-old Mitsuki at the same time. Despite being talented, Madoka is constantly upstaged by Fullmoon because she initially lacks the heart Mitsuki gives her songs. Additionally, Madoka is insecure because she had plastic surgery to make herself beautiful as a celebrity, and thus was disowned by her family. Madoka has a small pig called Gu-chan (ぐっちゃん) who worships her. Although Madoka sometimes takes out her anger on Gu-chan, she really loves him.

 * Aoi Koga (古雅 葵)
 * Aoi is Mitsuki's deceased father who was also the guitarist and songwriter for the band Route:L. He acted as a father figure for the orphaned Takuto. Tanemura states that he loves wearing Buddhist priest work clothes.
 * Aoi is Mitsuki's deceased father who was also the guitarist and songwriter for the band Route:L. He acted as a father figure for the orphaned Takuto. Tanemura states that he loves wearing Buddhist priest work clothes.

 * Hazuki Koga (古雅 葉月)
 * Hazuki is Mitsuki's deceased mother. Like Mitsuki, she was physically weak and often fell ill. Hazuki had loved Aoi for a long time against the wishes of her strict mother, and married him after becoming pregnant with Mitsuki. She died giving birth to her.
 * Hazuki is Mitsuki's deceased mother. Like Mitsuki, she was physically weak and often fell ill. Hazuki had loved Aoi for a long time against the wishes of her strict mother, and married him after becoming pregnant with Mitsuki. She died giving birth to her.

 * Nachi (那智)
 * Nachi is the lead singer of the duo OZ, who befriends Full Moon because she was the first person in the music industry to smile as she talked to him. He cherishes her friendship and takes it upon himself to find a stalker hurting people close to her. Nachi and Madoka fall in love, but when Madoka finds he has an old photo of her with her unattractive childhood fiancé, Sōichirō Shidō (紫堂 総一郎), she assumes Nachi is Soichiro's friend, pretending to love her to get revenge for rejecting of Soichiro. After having plastic surgery to become an idol and make her love him, Nachi reveals that Sōichirō is Nachi. At the end, they remain engaged and a happy couple.

 * Hikari Hayashi (林 光理)
 * Hikari was Takuto's girlfriend while he was alive. Takuto discovered that she was cheating on him and the two were on the verge of breaking up when Takuto attempted suicide and went into a coma, after which Hikari realized that she still loved him. She later sees Takuto and attempts to revive their relationship, which causes problems between Takuto and Mitsuki. Takuto later tells Mitsuki that he broke up with her.

Shinigami
The shinigami are the spirits of humans that committed suicide, who are then punished with the task of collecting souls. If a shinigami fully remembers his or her past life before becoming a full shinigami, he or she disappears and becomes a ghost to wander about.

 * Jonathan (ジョナサン)
 * Jonathan is Izumi's current partner who acts whimsical at first glance. Later in the manga, secretly attempts to harm Mitsuki and reveals himself to be Sheldan (シェルダン部長), the head of the pediatrics ward and the second shinigami to come into existence. He attempts to take Mitsuki's life, but is stopped by Takuto, Meroko, and Izumi. In the final chapter, he uses up all his powers to heal Takuto's throat and give him his voice back, and disappears along with Mystere.
 * Tanemura conceived Jonathan's character design based on a sketch she drew of what she believed Peeves from Harry Potter looked like.
 * Tanemura conceived Jonathan's character design based on a sketch she drew of what she believed Peeves from Harry Potter looked like.

 * Death Master (死神主人)
 * The Death Master, also called Mystere (ミスティア), is the first human soul to descend to the Underworld and crowned queen of the Underworld. When Meroko enters her room to erase Mitsuki's name from the rolls of the dead, Mystere gives her the keys to save Takuto. At the end of the manga, when Mystere and Sheldan disappear after using up their power healing Takuto's throat, they seem to show great affection for each other.

Minor characters

 * Tomoe Maejima (前島 巴)
 * Tomoe is Mitsuki's best friend.
 * Tomoe is Mitsuki's best friend.

 * Kumi Sagimiya (鷺宮 クミ)
 * Kumi is Mitsuki and Tomoe's other friend from school who takes Judo lessons. Despite her tomboyish personality, she has romantic feelings for Mochida.
 * Kumi is Mitsuki and Tomoe's other friend from school who takes Judo lessons. Despite her tomboyish personality, she has romantic feelings for Mochida.

 * Wakana Kimura (木村 若菜), Emi Yamano (山野 エミ), and Mayumi Hashimoto (橋本 まゆみ)
 * Wakana, Emi, and Mayumi are classmates of Mitsuki and her friends.
 * Wakana, Emi, and Mayumi are classmates of Mitsuki and her friends.

 * Hasegawa (長谷川) and Mochida (町田)
 * Hasegawa is a male student in Mitsuki's class.
 * Hasegawa is a male student in Mitsuki's class.

 * Taiki (大樹くん)
 * Taiki is an orphan attending Hiiragi Preschool (柊幼稚園) which is also an orphanage. He is a close friend of Sora, a little girl a few years younger than him who later on becomes his adopted sister.
 * Taiki is an orphan attending Hiiragi Preschool (柊幼稚園) which is also an orphanage. He is a close friend of Sora, a little girl a few years younger than him who later on becomes his adopted sister.

 * Sora (ソーラ)
 * Sora is Taiki's friend who later becomes her adopted brother. She is a big fan of Full Moon and seen carrying around stuffed doll of her.
 * Sora is Taiki's friend who later becomes her adopted brother. She is a big fan of Full Moon and seen carrying around stuffed doll of her.

 * Mr. Yamane (山根先生)
 * Mr. Yamane is one of Mitsuki's school teachers.
 * Mr. Yamane is one of Mitsuki's school teachers.

Production
As a fan of idol singers, Tanemura created the series out of desire to write lyrics. Her previous series, Time Stranger Kyoko, was cut short due to the main protagonist, Kyoko, having a strong personality, which failed to appeal to her editors and reader demographic. As a result of this, Tanemura decided to give Mitsuki a more subdued personality and later had the idea of making her sickly to explain her shy behavior. Mitsuki is modeled after one of Tanemura's assistants, Airi Teito, and her corkscrew hairstyle was inspired by then-Morning Musume member Ai Kago.

Manga
Full Moon o Sagashite was published by Shueisha in the magazine Ribon from January 2002 to June 2004 and collected in seven tankōbon volumes under the Ribon Mascot Comics imprint. Contributing assistants to the manga were Ai Minase, Airi Teito, Akoko Asakura, Kanan Kiseki, Kayoru Asano, Konako, Kyakya Asano, Megumi Nakamura, Miwa Sawakami, Niki Seisou, Noriko Funaki, Rina Asuka, Ruka Kaduki, and Saori Hinano. Volume 2 also included an unrelated short story titled Gin-yu Meika (吟遊名華), which originally appeared in the November 2001 issue of Ribon. First-print editions of each volume came with a collectible card.

Starting in January 2012, Full Moon o Sagashite was reprinted in four bunkoban volumes with new covers. The manga is licensed in North America in English by Viz Media as Full Moon, although the full Japanese title is given on the front cover.

Dōjinshi
Under the pseudonym "Meguro Teikoku", Tanemura has also self-published unofficial dōjinshi of the series and sold limited copies exclusively at Comiket in August 2015.

Anime
The series was adapted as a 52-episode anime television series by Studio Deen, directed by Toshiyuki Kato. It was broadcast on TV Tokyo from April 6, 2002 to March 29, 2003. Because the anime adaptation was broadcast while the manga was still ongoing, several characters have different backgrounds and personalities, and the story ended with a different resolution.

The television series is licensed by Viz Media, who released seven DVDs (the first 28 episodes), under the title Full Moon before putting further releases on indefinite hold, citing low sales potential. The English dub was provided by Blue Water Studios. The songs are subtitled only, resulting in a dub that switches between English dialogue and Japanese singing.

Full Moon o Sagashite has two opening themes and four ending themes. "I Love U" by The Scanty is used as the opening theme for the first 26 episodes, while the group's song "Rock 'n' Roll Princess" is used for the rest. Changin' My Life performs all four ending themes: "New Future" used for the first six episodes, episode 52, and final episode; "Myself" is used for episodes 7–26; "Eternal Snow" is used for episodes 27–42; "Love Chronicle" is used for episodes 43–51.

OVA
Full Moon o Sagashite: Cute Cute Adventure (満月をさがして かわいいかわいい大冒険) is a ten-minute anime OVA that was distributed with the November 2002 issue of Ribon, the magazine in which the manga was serialized. It was produced by Studio Deen. Myco and Chieko Honda reprise their respective roles of Mitsuki and Meroko from the anime, and Hiromi Ōtsuda voices Takuto. Set before the series ends, it features Takuto and Meroko trying to make their way to the studio in stuffed animal forms after Mitsuki accidentally leaves them at home while rushing to work.

Art book
On April 15, 2004, Shueisha published a seventy-page art book for the series entitled The Arina Tanemura Collection: The Art of Full Moon (満月をさがしてイラスト集種村有菜COLLECTION). Viz Media published an English language edition in North America on October 21, 2008.

title: Full Moon o Sagashite


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CRGS

CRGS may stand for:

 * Central Region Gliding School, a flight training program for young adults in Canada
 * Cleveland Regional Geodetic Survey, a map projection used in Northeast Ohio
 * Clitheroe Royal Grammar School, a grammar school in Lancashire, England
 * Colchester Royal Grammar School, a grammar school in Essex, England

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: CRGS


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Presbyterium

Presbyterium is a modern term used in the Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches after the Second Vatican Council in reference to a college of priests, in active ministry, of an individual particular church such as a diocese or eparchy. The body, in union with their bishop as a collective, is a symbol of the collaborative and collegial nature of their sacerdotal ministry as inspired by the reforms made during the Second Vatican Council.

The presbyterium is most visible during the ordination of new priests and bishops and the Mass of the Chrism: the Holy Thursday Mass where the blessing of the oils used in the sacraments of Baptism, Confirmation, Anointing of the Sick, and Holy Orders takes place. They are also visible during other special liturgical functions such as the wake and burial of their bishop.

Liturgically, within Catholicism, the presbyterium is the area of the church in which the clergy functions. It is more commonly called the sanctuary.

Etymology
The word presbyterium is the Latinised form of the Greek πρεσβυτέριον (presbuterion), 'council of elders, presbytery', from Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbuteros), the comparative form of πρέσβυς (presbus), 'elder'.

Presbyterate
The presbyterate is another term used to refer to the sacerdotal collegiality of priests with their bishop, commonly used in the Anglican Communion. Within churches which hold apostolic succession, it is reflected in the concelebration of the Eucharist, in joining the bishop in the laying on of hands on an ordinand to the priesthood, in collegial processions, at inductions, funerals, and other liturgical activities. In the Catholic Church it is used to refer to the second order of priesthood - one is said to be "ordained to the presbyterate". Paragraph 1536 of the Catechism of the Catholic Church states that there are three distinct orders of apostolic ministry in the sacrament of Holy Orders: episcopate, presbyterate and diaconate

title: Presbyterium


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User talk:Ihatefile007

This page has been blanked for cleanup. To see this page before it was blanked, use this link

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Talk:Order of the Bath

Image removal
Why was the image of the Bath medal removed? I saw in the remarks that it ws labeled as "low quality". I will look for a better image, but that it is NOT a valid reason to delete an image that someone else posted unless you are prepared to replace the image with a better one. User:Husnock 2 Aug 04

Sorry, I was unaware that a lack of quality was an invalid reason. -- Emsworth

 * I was too harsh...your work on this article is extremely impressive. Hope the new picture is better User:Husnock 3 Aug 04

Image moved
I moved the image to make the article appear a little bit better. Most Wilk articles have an "eye catcher" picture at the start of the article. The way this one was set up, the pictures were 2/3rds of the way down in the body of the article. I think it looks better this way. If not this picture, then something at the top there to give an image right when you start reading teh article Husnock 21 Sep 04

Honorary Knights may be stripped of their knighthoods
This statement should be revised or qualified in some wise as it gives rise to the questions both under what circumstances, and can regular knights be so stripped, and, if so, under what circumstances? --Daniel C. Boyer 16:27, 29 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * There are no 'rules'. It is at the Queen's pleasure. As a guide, conviction for a serious offence will result in the title being stripped. Alci12 18:36, 9 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Only the very cleanest knights qualify for this order. This isn't the order of the septic tank, you know. Kauffner (talk) 04:17, 14 May 2011 (UTC)

Ranking
Does the Order of the Bath really rank after OM and CH among the British orders of chivalry? And are OM and CH even 'orders of chivalry'? Their members do not receive knighthoods. Mapple 19:33, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

This is the correct ranking for orders of chivalry, of which the orders of knighthood are just one section. alexmb

 * The Cabinet office ( http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/ceremonial/honours/chivalry.asp )and the Select Committee on Public Administration of the House of Commons ( http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmselect/cmpubadm/212/21204.htm#a3 ) both provide the tables of the British orders. In both tables OM is placed after the Order of the Bath, and CH after the Order of the British Empire. I wonder what is the source for your information. Mapple 17:36, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I am changing the rankings. Mapple 09:01, 17 November 2005 (UTC)

The original rankings I think (?) came from the royal family's site. Look at http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page490.asp. I am not going to touch the order you have changed it to until we can find a definitive list - there must be one....??!!

Move new comment from FA page:
I'm moving this from Featured article candidates/Order of the Bath: Melchoir 05:03, 20 February 2006 (UTC)

Question: It is stated in the article that the three crowns in the Bath insignia refer to the Kingdoms of England,Scotland and Ireland. Surely this would be the Kingdoms of England Scotland and the German electorate of Hanover from where King George came. The order was inaugurated in 1725 yet Ireland was not elevated to a Kingdom within the United Kingdom until 1801. If you look at the three crowns you will notice they are Hanovrian crowns rather than British crowns. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 207.200.116.72 (talk • contribs) 07:17, 29 April 2005.

 * The three crowns emblem was adopted for knights of the Bath under King James I. At that time, England, Scotland, and Ireland were three separate kingdoms under one monarch. Hanover was not a part of James's dominions. -- Emsworth

Accoutrements
Do male GCBs, KCBs and CBs wear a neck badge? Or do they wear the badges on their left chest? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.104.128.3 (talk • contribs) 22:23, 30 May 2006

 * KCBs and CBs wear the badge on a necket. For GCBs, the badge hangs from a sash or the ceremonial collar on collar days.187.73.191.2 (talk) 13:06, 24 April 2021 (UTC)

Categories
There seem to be Category:Knights of the Order of the Bath and Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath. Surely they should be merged? - Kittybrewster 13:55, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * There are three types of Knights of the (order of the) Bath,
 * Knights of the Bath - these were 'special knighthoods conferred on important Royal occasions such as coronation, a practice which had died out by the time of Charles II', according to the history section of the article. This is presumably what Category:Knights of the Bath, now empty, is for. This category correctly doesn't have the words of the Order.
 * Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath - Knights created after the 'revival'/creation of the Order in 1725 when it was only a one class order. Those still living became Knights Grand Cross when it became a three class order. Category:Knights of the Order of the Bath (from a very quick look) seems to contain both these Knights, and the previous sort.
 * Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath - Knights created after the Order was divided into three classes (this happened in 1815 for the military division and 1847 for the civil division). The category for these is Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath, logically enough.

 * I would suggest Category:Knights of the Bath be populated with the pre-1725 knights, Category:Knights of the Order of the Bath be renamed to Category:Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath and the pre-1725 Knights removed, and a note distinguishing the three sorts of knight placed on all three category pages.

 * I note that at WP:CfD on August 2, it was suggested that Category:Knights of the Bath be merged with Category:Knights of the Order of the Bath. No-one commented apart from the nominator, and this has gone ahead as of August 10. I guess I will post my above suggestion there later today, if no-one else beats me to it.
 * --Dr pda 15:26, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Published citations?
Is there an online source giving the citations for the award of Knighthoods of the Order of the Bath? I have looked for them in vain on the web, including in the London Gazette. Any ideas? Thanks. --78.54.119.70 (talk) 08:55, 5 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think the reasons for appointments to the Order of the Bath (or the other British Orders) are published anywhere. The Gazette is the definitive record, so that's where they would be if they existed. Dr pda (talk) 09:15, 5 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think the citations have ever been systematically published. Many of the original recommendations for awards of decorations and honours to Army officers between 1935 and 1990 are now online from The National Archives, search here, info about what you might find here which will include some appointments to the Order fo the Bath - bear in mind that for much of the 20th century a KCB was pretty much automatic for anyone promoted to lieutenant-general or equivalent - and from recent experience these do not appear to be included in these recommendations.  You can search the records I mention above for free, but to actually download a record will normally cost £3.50 unless you are in an institution that subscribes via Athens, or if you visit the office at Kew. David Underdown (talk)

What is the current fee? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Philo-Junius (talk • contribs) 04:21, 19 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Still £3.50 I believe. Sorry, I failed to sign my post above originally.  David Underdown (talk) 10:31, 21 July 2009 (UTC)

Chiang Kai-shek
I've removed the photograph of Chiang Kai-shek because I don't think it's particularly relevant to the subject of the article. He was an honorary GCB (at least according to the article about him) but (a) there's no other reference to him in the rest of this article, much less any explanation as to why his photograph appears so prominently, and (b) the photograph in question doesn't show him actually wearing the vestments, riband, badge, star or collar of the Order. -- Nicholas Jackson (talk) 18:51, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Before my time, but I think this sort of thing shows those foreign leaders whom the British establishment delights to honour, in addition to its own people.  In the president's case he was an important leader of a quite large country;  China's George Washington ---  but less greedy.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by Claverhouse (talk • contribs) 07:11, 27 January 2022 (UTC)

List of GCBs?
It'd be nice if we could have a list of all GCBs - it's the highest honor in the UK we don't have a full list of (we have all KGs, KTs, KPs, KBs, OMs, and apparently GCSIs). There's a list in Haydn's Book of Dignities that goes up to 1887, but I'm not sure where to find the rest. Obviously they're in the London Gazette, but that thing has the worst user interface ever if you don't know exactly what you're looking for. john k (talk) 16:43, 25 July 2015 (UTC)

 * A full list is certainly something that can be worked on, it can be done on a new page. Nford24 (PE121 Personnel Request Form) 10:54, 26 July 2015 (UTC)

 * Working on it! Leigh Rayment now has a list of all knights since 1837, so I'm compiling it in chronological order along with the Haydn's list for the earlier ones, then I'll cross-reference it with the London Gazette if possible. Rayment's list combined with Haydn should actually be able to get us all knights in orders eventually, which would be pretty nice, though obviously a lot of work to collate and code in and reference. john k (talk) 15:45, 21 August 2016 (UTC)

 * john k, a list now exists, though not finished. List of Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath. Nford24 (PE121 Personnel Request Form) 08:55, 23 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Nowhere near complete, but the formatting is a nice start. I'll work on it! john k (talk) 16:27, 5 September 2016 (UTC)

Notes added to article
The following notes were added to the article by an anonymous user (81.98.210.143). I've removed them but have copied the information here for further discussion or verification. -- Nicholas Jackson (talk) 11:55, 29 October 2015 (UTC)

 * ACM Sir Peter Terry GCB AFC was actually appointed in the 1983 New Years Honours list

 * Query following to be added to table:-

 * 1988 Sir Brian Hayes
 * 1988 Sir Clive Whitmore CVO
 * 1991 Gen Sir Brian Kenny CBE
 * 1992 Sir Terence Heiser
 * 1993 Gen Lord Ramsbotham CBE
 * 1993 Adm Sir John Kerr
 * 1994 Sir Clifford Boulton
 * 1994 Gen Sir Charles Waters CBE
 * 1995 ACM Sir Michael Alcock KBE
 * 1995 Sir Peter Gregson
 * 1995 Gen Sir John Wilsey CBE
 * 1996 Sir Anthony Battishill
 * 1999 Sir Nigel Wicks CVO CBE
 * 2006 Sir Richard Mottram

 * Sir Brian David Hayes was created a GCB in the 1988 New Year's Honours list - so far as I am aware he is still aliveSonofsphilip (talk) 13:33, 12 July 2020 (UTC)

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G HW Bush
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_memorials,_honors,_and_awards_of_George_H._W._Bush#Awards_and_honors — Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.138.34.227 (talk) 07:54, 28 December 2019 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 18:14, 11 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Flag of the President of Turkey.svg

Deserving
The use of honours in the early eighteenth century differed considerably from the modern honours system in which hundreds, if not thousands, of people each year receive honours on the basis of deserving accomplishments.

Like running really, really fast; or being a supermarket boss; or contributing to a prime minister's banknote collection, etc. etc..

Claverhouse (talk) 07:00, 27 January 2022 (UTC)

 * Claverhouse what does that have to do with the Order of the Bath? You might be looking for the Order of the British Empire page to leave your rambling remarks. Nford24 (PE121 Personnel Request Form) 12:49, 27 January 2022 (UTC)

 * I think the point being made is that the statement in bold (which is in this article) is not NPOV because it asserts as fact that all those receiving modern honours are "deserving", when not everyone would agree with that. Proteus (Talk) 13:21, 27 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Exactly; thank you  Proteus.
 * Nford24, A ridiculous statement of opinion can certainly be countered on its Talk. Next time, try to think before replying. Claverhouse (talk) 03:11, 28 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Claverhouse My statement stands. You never specifically raised an objection to the line of text without very loosely using examples that don't fit the award criteria or the reason for past awards within this specific order of chivalry. You should consider wording your statements a little better in future. Nford24 (PE121 Personnel Request Form) 06:00, 28 January 2022 (UTC)
 * You have to be able to understand a clear rebuke to a nonsensical claim. The claim was here, on this order's page, therefore it is properly addressed only here, and not to be tuned to such imbecility that would be baffled by the argument.  Such pandering to the uncomprehending mass   ---  as shown by frequent reductions in the size, and therefore the utility, of Wikipedia articles   ---  is reducing Wikipedia to Quick Glances at Things for Three-Year-Olds. Claverhouse (talk) 09:18, 28 January 2022 (UTC)

WP:URFA/2020
I am reviewing this (old or very old) FA as part of WP:URFA/2020, an effort to determine whether old featured articles still meet the featured article criteria. This very old FA has considerable uncited text, missing as of dates, a listy lead, and some content that may be dated based on old sources used. Per the abundance of the use of the word today, a MOS:CURRENT review is also in order. The word also is often redundant, and often is here; there are other indications that a good copyedit is overdue. Images should not be left-aligned when that offsets a list. I am listing this at WP:FARGIVEN; hopefully improvements can be made sufficient to avoid a Featured article review. Sandy Georgia (Talk)  21:32, 25 April 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Order of the Bath


text:
Chelan

Chelan may refer to:

Washington State, United States

 * Chelan County, Washington
 * Chelan, Washington, a city
 * Chelan River
 * Lake Chelan
 * Chelan Mountains

Iran

 * Chelan-e Olya, a village in East Azerbaijan Province
 * Chelan-e Sofla, a village in East Azerbaijan Province
 * Chelan, Lorestan, a village in Lorestan Province

Elsewhere

 * Chelan, Saskatchewan, Canada, a hamlet
 * Chelan Seamount, a seamount in the Pacific Ocean off Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada
 * Chélan, France, a commune

People

 * Chelan people, a Native American tribe associated historically with the Lake Chelan region
 * Chelan Simmons (born 1982), Canadian actress and former model

Ships

 * MV Chelan, a passenger ferry in Washington State
 * USCGC Chelan, a United States Coast Guard cutter

Other uses

 * Chelan High School, Chelan, Washington State
 * Chelan cherry, a hybrid cherry developed in Washington State

title: Chelan


text: Category:Fictional scientists

title: Category:Fictional scientists


text:
User:Kbh3rd

When reusing any of my original images that have not been released into the public domain but made available under a license that requires attribution, that attribution may be given in one of these ways:

 * A hyperlink to the description page for the image on Wikimedia Commons or, if only available there, to the image description page on the English Wikipedia.
 * A hyperlink to my Wikipedia user page
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 * The text "Wikipedian Kbh3rd" if the image is found on any Wikimedia Commons or on Wikipedia.

Different images have been uploaded with different licenses. I am more than happy to consider different licenses or custom terms to ease reuse for specific purposes.

 If you frequently roll back misguided edits, look at my vandal warning toolbox.

Foreign language study is interesting and rewarding, but I cannot say I'm fluent in any. Studied: 6 yrs Russian; 2 yrs Latin; 2 sem. Arabic; 1 sem. ea. Spanish, German, and French; limited self-study Esperanto.

In my youth I read encyclopedias for recreation. I spent some TV-free summers with the Junior Encyclopædia Britannica, a former red-bound companion to the regular edition meant for the middle school years.

Contributions
My higher education and career are in computers, programming, networking, and computer security, but that's not where I usually edit. Geology and geography articles, among others, seem to interest me – I brake for road cuts. I like maps and create some for topics that interest me and for which I can find source material.

Original contributions

 * Images: My Wikimedia category has superceded my Wikipedia gallery for a complete catalog of original images that I've uploaded for Wikipedia – photographs, maps, graphs, and diagrams. A few uploaded to the English Wikipedia and not yet migrated to Commons will not be categorized there.
 * Reused: I've found notable third-party re-use of some of my images in other publications on the web, not always properly attributed.

 * Articles started: The list of articles that I started includes a couple that have become quite respectable thanks to lots of help from other interested editors.
 * Scripts: I created a user script for quick and easy vandal warning. I've kept it under my userspace because I don't know how to make it more generally available nor if there would be enough interest.  But I find it very useful, and there are a number of other people who have it installed, too.

Style
I loathe parenthetical remarks and so should you. If a statement is worth making then it is most likely worth placing in a regular sentence. There will be exceptions, of course, but they should be very rare.

In addition to Wikipedia's Manual of Style, here is a good style guide that I adapted from one found on the internet, attributed to "the paper" at Fordham University in 1988:

How to Write Good

 * My several years in the word game have learnt me several rules.

 * Avoid Alliteration. Always.
 * Prepositions are not words to end sentences with.
 * Avoid cliches like the plague. (They're old hat.)
 * Employ the vernacular.
 * Eschew ampersands & abbreviations, etc.
 * Parenthetical remarks (however relevant) are unnecessary.
 * It is wrong to ever split an infinitive.
 * Contractions aren't necessary.
 * Foreign words and phrases are verboten.
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 * Eliminate quotations. As Ralph Waldo Emerson said: "I hate quotations. Tell me what you know."
 * Comparisons are as bad as cliches.
 * Don't be redundant; don't use more words than necessary; it's highly superfluous.
 * Profanity sucks.
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 * Understatement is always best.
 * Exaggeration is a billion times worse than understatement.

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 *  NOTA BENE : In a case where the copyright owner sustains the burden of proving, and the court finds, that infringement was committed willfully, the court in its discretion may increase the award of statutory damages to a sum of not more than $150,000. U.S.C. Title 17 § 504(c)(2)

title: User:Kbh3rd


text:
Talk:ElGamal encryption/to do

 * Add references
 * Add an example of the key generation, message encryption, and message decryption scheme

title: Talk:ElGamal encryption/to do


text:
Fujishiro, Ibaraki

Fujishiro (藤代町) was a town located in Kitasōma District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 32,829 and a density of 998.75 persons per km2. The total area was 32.87 km2.

On March 28, 2005, Fujishiro was merged into the expanded city of Toride and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Sister cities

 * Yuba City, California, United States of America determined by Sister Cities International.

title: Fujishiro, Ibaraki


text:
Tone, Ibaraki

Tone (利根町) is a town in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 15,073 in 6163 households and a population density of 605 persons per km². The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 46.6%. The total area of the town is 24.86 sqkm.

Geography
Tone is located in the flatlands in the very southern portion of Ibaraki Prefecture, bordered by Chiba Prefecture to the south. The Tone River, along with the Shin-Tone River and Kogawa River pass through the town.

Neighboring municipalities
Ibaraki Prefecture Chiba Prefecture
 * Ryūgasaki
 * Toride
 * Kawachi
 * Abiko
 * Inzai
 * Sakae

Climate
Tone has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kitaibaraki is 14.5 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1345 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.2 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.8 °C.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Tone peaked around 1990 and has steadily declined since.

History
The area of present-day Tone was part of Kitasōma District in Shimōsa Province, as the boundary between Shimōsa and Hitachi Province had been established I the Nara period as the Tone River. However, by the Meiji period, the course of the river had shifted, leaving the area of present-day Tone on the northern bank of the river. This area was transferred to Ibaraki Prefecture in 1875. It was organized into the town of Fukawa and the villages of Fumi, and Momma within Kitasōma District, Ibaraki Prefecture with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889.

The modern town of Tone was founded by the merger of Fukawa with Fumi and Momma on January 1, 1955.

Government
Tone has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of 12 members. Tone, together with neighboring Ryūgasaki, contributes two members to the Ibaraki Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Ibaraki 3rd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Tone was a small agricultural community until the creation of new towns which transformed the area into a commuter town for Tokyo metropolis. However, due to poor transportation connections and an aging population, the population of the town is now in decline and property prices have suffered severe declines. Discussions for a merger with neighboring Ryūgasaki were suspended in 2005, partly due to the town's high debt burden and increasingly poor revenue base.

Education

 * Japan Wellness Sports University
 * Tone has three public elementary schools and one public middle school operated by town city government. The town does not have a high school.

Railway
Tone does not have any passenger railway line. The nearest station is Fusa on the Abiko branch line of the JR East’s Narita Line.

Highway
The town is not served by any national highway. Primary access is by Chiba Prefectural Route 4 and 170, and by Ibaraki Prefectural Route 11, 68 and 209.

Local attractions

 * Yanagida Kunio Memorial Museum

Noted people from Tone

 * Jun Sadogawa, manga artist

title: Tone, Ibaraki


text:
Kitasōma District, Ibaraki

Kitasōma (北相馬郡) is a district located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of November 1, 2021, the district has a population of 14,898. The total area is 24.90 km2.

Currently, the district has only one town left.
 * Tone

Timeline

 * December 2, 1878 - The district was founded when Sōma District in Shimōsa Province split into Kitasōma District in Ibaraki Prefecture and Minamisōma District in Chiba Prefecture.
 * March 13, 1947 - The village of Ino merged into the town of Toride.
 * March 20, 1954 - The villages of Kawarashiro and Kitamonma were merged into the town of Ryūgasaki in Inashiki District. The town gained city status at the same time.
 * March 21, 1954 - The parts of the village of Takasu merged into the city of Ryūgasaki.
 * July 10, 1954 - The village of Sakate merged into the town of Mitsukaidō in Yūki District. The town gained city status at the same time.
 * January 1, 1955 - The town of Fukawa and the villages of Monma, Fumi, and Higashimonma merged to form the town of Tone.
 * February 21, 1955
 * The town of Sōma and the villages of Rokugō, Sannō, and parts of Takasu merged to form the town of Fujishiro.
 * The remaining parts of Takasu was merged into the city of Ryūgasaki.
 * March 1, 1955
 * The town of Moriya and the villages of Kōya, Ōno, and Ōisawa merged to form the town of Moriya.
 * The village of Kokinu merged with the villages of Yahara, Jūwa, and Fukuoka from Tsukuba District to form the town of Yawara (On March 27, 2006, Yawara, along with the town of Ina (also from Tsukuba District), was merged to create the city of Tsukubamirai).
 * April 1, 1956 - The villages of Uchimoriya and Sugao were merged into the city of Mitsukaidō.
 * October 1, 1970 - The town of Toride gained city status.
 * February 2, 2002 - The town of Moriya gained city status.
 * March 28, 2005 - The town of Fujishiro merged into the expanded city of Toride.

title: Kitasōma District, Ibaraki


text:
NCAA Division III

NCAA Division III (D-III) is a division of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in the United States. D-III consists of athletic programs at colleges and universities that choose not to offer athletic scholarships to their student-athletes.

The NCAA's first split was into two divisions, the University and College Divisions, in 1956, the College Division was formed for smaller schools that did not have the resources of the major athletic programs across the country. The College Division split again in 1973 when the NCAA went to its current naming convention: Division I, Division II, and Division III. D-III schools are not allowed to offer athletic scholarships, while D-II schools can.

D-III is the NCAA's largest division with around 450 member institutions, which are 80% private and 20% public. The median undergraduate enrollment of D-III schools is about 2,750, although the range is from 418 to over 38,000. Approximately 40% of all NCAA student-athletes compete in D-III.

Requirements
D-III institutions must sponsor at least three team sports for each sex/gender, with each playing season represented by each gender. Teams in which men and women compete together are counted as men's teams for sports sponsorship purposes. In a feature unique to D-III, the total number of required sports varies with each school's full-time undergraduate enrollment. Schools with an enrollment of 1,000 or less must sponsor five men's and five women's sports; those with larger enrollments must sponsor six for each sex/gender. Institutions that sponsor athletic programs for only one sex/gender (single-sex schools, plus a few historically all-female schools that are now coeducational) need only meet the sponsorship requirements for that sex. There are minimum contest rules and participant minimums for each sport.

D-III athletic programs are non-revenue-generating, extracurricular programs that are staffed and funded like any other university department. They feature student-athletes who receive no financial aid related to their athletic ability. Student-athletes cannot redshirt as freshmen,  and schools may not use endowments or funds whose primary purpose is to benefit athletic programs.

D-III schools "shall not award financial aid to any student on the basis of athletics leadership, ability, participation or performance". Financial aid given to athletes must be awarded under the same procedures as for the general student body, and the proportion of total financial aid given to athletes "shall be closely equivalent to the percentage of student-athletes within the student body". The ban on scholarships is strictly enforced. As an example of how seriously the NCAA takes this rule, in 2005 MacMurray College became only the fifth school slapped with a "death penalty" after its men's tennis program gave grants to foreign-born players. The two service academies that are D-III members, Merchant Marine and Coast Guard, do not violate the athletic scholarship ban because all students, whether or not they are varsity athletes, receive the same treatment, a full scholarship.

Another aspect that distinguishes D-III from the other NCAA divisions is that D-III institutions are specifically banned from using the National Letter of Intent, or any other pre-enrollment form that is not executed by other prospective students at the school. The NCAA provides for one exception—a standard, nonbinding celebratory signing form that may be signed by the student upon his or her acceptance of enrollment. However, this form cannot be signed at the campus of that college, and staff members of that college cannot be present at the signing.

All-sports conferences
An "all-sports conference" is defined here as one that sponsors both men's and women's basketball. While the NCAA has a much more detailed definition of the term, every NCAA conference (regardless of division) that sponsors basketball meets the organization's requirements for "all-sports" status.

 * Allegheny Mountain Collegiate Conference
 * American Rivers Conference
 * American Southwest Conference
 * Atlantic East Conference
 * Centennial Conference
 * City University of New York Athletic Conference
 * Coast to Coast Athletic Conference
 * College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin
 * Collegiate Conference of the South
 * Commonwealth Coast Conference
 * Empire 8 Conference
 * Great Northeast Athletic Conference
 * Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference
 * Landmark Conference
 * Liberty League
 * Little East Conference
 * Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference
 * Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
 * Middle Atlantic Conferences
 * Midwest Conference
 * Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
 * New England Small College Athletic Conference
 * New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference
 * New Jersey Athletic Conference
 * North Atlantic Conference
 * North Coast Athletic Conference
 * Northern Athletics Collegiate Conference
 * Northwest Conference
 * Ohio Athletic Conference
 * Old Dominion Athletic Conference
 * Presidents' Athletic Conference
 * Skyline Conference
 * Southern Athletic Association
 * Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
 * Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference
 * St. Louis Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
 * State University of New York Athletic Conference
 * United East Conference
 * University Athletic Association
 * Upper Midwest Athletic Conference
 * USA South Athletic Conference
 * Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference

 * Notes:

Single-sport conferences

 * Football
 * Eastern Collegiate Football Conference

 * Ice hockey
 * New England Hockey Conference (men and women)
 * Northern Collegiate Hockey Association (men and women)
 * United Collegiate Hockey Conference (men and women)

 * Lacrosse
 * Midwest Lacrosse Conference (men only)
 * Midwest Women's Lacrosse Conference (women only)

 * Men's volleyball
 * Continental Volleyball Conference
 * Midwest Collegiate Volleyball League
 * New England Collegiate Conference
 * United Volleyball Conference

Independents

 * Division III independent schools

D-III schools with D-I programs
Ten D-III schools currently field Division I programs in one or two sports, one maximum for each gender. These schools are allowed to offer athletic scholarships only for their D-I men's and women's sports.

Five of them are schools that traditionally competed at the highest level of a particular men's sport prior to the institution of the three division classifications in 1973, a decade before the NCAA governed women's sports. These five colleges (plus three others that later chose to return their D-I programs to D-III) were granted a waiver (a.k.a. a grandfather clause) in 1983 to continue offering scholarships, a waiver that was reaffirmed in 2004. Presumably due to Title IX considerations, grandfathered schools are also allowed to field one women's sport in D-I, and all five schools choose to do so.

 * Clarkson University (men's and women's ice hockey)
 * Colorado College (men's ice hockey and women's soccer)
 * Johns Hopkins University (men's and women's lacrosse)
 * Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (men's and women's ice hockey)
 * St. Lawrence University (men's and women's ice hockey)

Three formerly grandfathered schools moved completely to D-III. The State University of New York at Oneonta, which had been grandfathered in men's soccer, moved totally to D-II in 2006. Rutgers University–Newark, which had been grandfathered in men's volleyball, did the same in 2014. Hartwick College, which had been grandfathered in men's soccer and women's water polo, moved its men's soccer program to D-III in 2018 and dropped women's water polo entirely.

The other five schools chose to field D-I programs in one sport for men and/or one sport for women after the original grandfather clause went into effect, so they were not grandfathered and thus were not allowed to offer athletic scholarships. Academic-based and need-based financial aid was still available, as is the case for all of D-III.

 * Franklin and Marshall College (men's wrestling)
 * Hobart College (men's lacrosse)
 * Massachusetts Institute of Technology (women's rowing)
 * Rochester Institute of Technology (men's and women's ice hockey)
 * Union College (men's and women's ice hockey)

In addition, Lawrence University was formerly a non-grandfathered program in fencing, but the NCAA no longer conducts a separate D-I fencing championship. Lawrence continues to field a fencing team, but that team is now considered D-III (see below).

In August 2011, the NCAA decided to no longer allow individual programs to move to another division as a general policy. One exception was made in 2012, when RIT successfully argued for a one-time opportunity for colleges with a D-I men's team to add a women's team.

Since no more colleges would be allowed to move individual sports to D-I, the five non-scholarship programs (led by RIT and Union) petitioned to be allowed to offer scholarships in the interests of competitive equity. D-III membership voted in January 2022 to extend the grandfather clause to allow all ten colleges to offer athletic scholarships, effective immediately.

Football and basketball may not be D-I programs at D-III institutions, because their revenue-enhancing potential would give them an unfair advantage over other D-III schools. In 1992, several D-I schools playing D-III football were forced to bring their football programs into D-I, following the passage of the "Dayton Rule" (named after the University of Dayton, whose success in D-III football was seen as threatening the "ethos" of Division III sports). This led directly to the creation of the Pioneer Football League, a non-scholarship football-only Division I FCS conference.

D-III schools playing in non-divisional sports
In addition to the D-III schools with teams that play as D-I members, many other D-III schools have teams that compete alongside D-I and D-II members in sports that the NCAA does not split into divisions. Teams in these sports are not counted as playing in a different division from the rest of the athletic program. D-III members cannot award scholarships in these sports.

Reforms
In 2003, concerned about the disparity of some D-III athletic programs and the focus on national championships, the D-III Presidents' Council, led by Middlebury College President John McCardell, proposed ending the athletic scholarship exemptions for D-I programs, eliminating redshirting, and limiting the length of the traditional and non-traditional seasons. At the January 2004 NCAA convention, an amendment allowed the exemption for grandfathered D-I athletic scholarships to remain in place, but the rest of the reforms passed.

Inclusion programs
D-III announced the creation of a LGBTQ inclusion program in 2019. Named as their LGBTQ OneTeam Program, it is designed to create more LGBTQ inclusion in D-III athletics within the NCAA. The program has facilitators from more than 40 colleges across the country, including Smith College, Agnes Scott College, and more. The group publicly condemned laws trying to limit transgender people in sports in 2021. A member of the program – Rhea Debussy who is a transgender rights activist – publicly left the program after changes to the NCAA transgender policy in 2022.

title: NCAA Division III


text:
Nicktoons

Nicktoons is a collective name used by Nickelodeon for their original animated series. All Nicktoons are produced partly at the Nickelodeon Animation Studio and list Nickelodeon's parent company (Viacom, now known as Paramount Global) in their copyright bylines.

Since its launch in the late 1970s, Nickelodeon's schedule incorporated animation produced by other companies. The channel did not invest in its own original cartoon series until 1989 when producer Vanessa Coffey visited Los Angeles to accept pitches from local animators. Geraldine Laybourne, the channel's then-president, greenlit three pitches for full series: Doug, Rugrats and The Ren & Stimpy Show. On August 11, 1991, the three cartoons premiered as part of a 90-minute block, becoming the first branded Nicktoons. In contrast to the merchandise-based cartoons that dominated the 1980s animation industry, Vanessa Coffey and Geraldine Laybourne agreed that the Nicktoons should be creator-driven: based on original characters designed by animators.

The first Nicktoons debuted to financial success, convincing Viacom to invest in original animated shows for its other network MTV. Until 1998, Nickelodeon's animation division operated out of a rented office complex in Studio City, California. Production moved to an individual building in nearby Burbank on March 4, 1998. Among the first shows produced at this new facility was SpongeBob SquarePants, which by 2004 had become the most profitable program in Nickelodeon history. In 2002, a cable channel also called Nicktoons was launched, followed by multiple international versions. Several original shows have premiered new episodes on the Nicktoons network.

In the early 2010s, Nickelodeon debuted the first two Nicktoons based on preexisting TV franchises, as opposed to new characters: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and Winx Club. These two revamped shows were developed at Nickelodeon Animation Studio following Viacom's purchases of both properties. In 2019, Nick Animation debuted its first streaming-exclusive Nicktoon, Pinky Malinky, which was released on Netflix rather than television. Several months later, the studio announced a multi-year deal to produce animated content for Netflix, including new properties and spin-offs of previous Nicktoons.

Early efforts (1979–1988)
Nickelodeon's first original animated program, Video Dream Theatre, was left unaired. It was produced over a half-year period in 1979, when the network hired its future president Geraldine Laybourne to make two pilots for the show. Video Dream Theatre used animation to visualize children's dreams in different styles, such as color Xerox. According to an interview with Laybourne herself, Nickelodeon did not broadcast the show because it was deemed too frightening; she commented, "the trouble with kids' dreams is they're really scary. It's a lot about abandonment, it's a lot about suffocation. They don't make very good stories."

The network continued to only broadcast externally-produced animation until almost a decade later, when animator Ralph Bakshi pitched an original animated series called Tattertown. In 1988, a half-hour pilot episode was produced, overseen by Debby Beece (Nickelodeon's senior vice president of programming). Nickelodeon declined to pick up a full series, and the pilot "Christmas in Tattertown" premiered on December 21, 1988, as a standalone Christmas special. The network's next attempt at an original animation was Nick's Thanksgiving Fest, which was composed of two shorts. According to Linda Simensky, the Thanksgiving shorts "gave Nickelodeon executives the confidence they needed to get the animation department started".

During the production of Nick's Thanksgiving Fest in 1989, Geraldine Laybourne held a meeting at her house to develop a philosophy for the channel's original cartoons. She played tapes of current animated shows, which her colleagues viewed as merchandise-driven and overly commercial. The group decided that Nickelodeon should aim for the opposite of their contemporaries, producing cartoons that would keep their creators in a key creative role rather than prioritizing an efficient "assembly line" process.

1988–1996
Geraldine Laybourne laid out a set of rules for the network's cartoons, most importantly wanting to "put the creator back, front and center." She approached her fellow executive Vanessa Coffey to find artists in Los Angeles interested in pitching original cartoons. Coffey had experience working in animation and was the producer for Nick's Thanksgiving Fest in 1988. Laybourne gave Coffey "pretty much free rein to look for properties".

Vanessa Coffey rented an apartment in Los Angeles for two weeks and accepted hourly pitches. She mailed animators a call for submissions, which she summarized as "I'm looking for ideas, I'm looking for concepts. The less developed, the better. I want drawings, not a big pitch." As Coffey accepted pitches, she decided that she did not want a "consistent look like Disney", specifically searching for projects that had completely different styles from each other.

Of the pitches she accepted, Coffey decided to approve eight six-minute pilots at a cost of $100,000 each. Laybourne would eventually select three pilots to expand into full series, meant to fill a programming block of an hour and a half. The first Nicktoon that Coffey approved was Jim Jinkins' Doug, followed by Arlene Klasky and Gabor Csupo's Rugrats. The final pitch that went to series came from John Kricfalusi, who presented a variety show titled Your Gang with a live-action host presenting different cartoons, each cartoon parodying a different genre. Ren and Stimpy were pets of one of the children in Your Gang. Coffey was dissatisfied with most of the pitch but did like Ren and Stimpy, singling them out for their own series. Both Coffey and Laybourne allowed the three shows to enter development. Between the pilots and series' production, Vanessa Coffey was named Nickelodeon's Vice President of Animation.

In fall 1992, Nickelodeon fired John Kricfalusi. Coffey and Laybourne asserted that Kricfalusi was in breach of contract for not delivering on time, creating inappropriate content, and going over budget. Kricfalusi suspected the real reason was that the network was uncomfortable with more crude humor. After Kricfalusi and Nickelodeon missed several promised new-episode delivery and air dates, the network—which had purchased the rights to the Ren & Stimpy characters from Kricfalusi—negotiated a settlement with him. Production on Ren & Stimpy moved to Nickelodeon's animation department, Games Animation, and the show was put under the creative supervision of Bob Camp. Coffey soon stepped down as animation vice president for Nickelodeon to pursue her own projects. She was replaced by Mary Harrington, a Nickelodeon producer who moved out from New York to help run the Nicktoons division after Kricfalusi was fired.

At the time, the Nicktoons were produced primarily out-of-house at Jumbo Pictures (Doug) and Klasky-Csupo (Rugrats), with Nickelodeon's executives overseeing development. Hoping to concentrate production under one roof, Nickelodeon greenlit its first fully-in-house series, Rocko's Modern Life, in 1992. A budget freeze in 1995 at Viacom (parent company of Nickelodeon) resulted in Ren & Stimpy being canceled that same year and the network passing on the final 13 episodes of their option for Doug. Jinkins sold Jumbo Pictures to Disney in 1996, moving Doug over to ABC and Toon Disney as a result. Nickelodeon retained the rights to the 52 episodes produced between 1991 and 1994 as a part of the agreement.

1996–2000
In 1996, Albie Hecht, then-president of Film and TV Entertainment for Nickelodeon, met with Nickelodeon artists to brainstorm an idea for a new Nicktoons studio. Nickelodeon's new facility, named Nickelodeon Animation Studio, would eventually open on March 4, 1998; Hecht said, "For me, this building is the physical manifestation of a personal dream, which is that when people think of cartoons, they'll say Nicktoons."

In June 1997, Nickelodeon began a five-year, $350 million investment into original animation. As part of this effort, the company doubled its animation staff and produced many new pilots, including one for SpongeBob SquarePants. Before commissioning SpongeBob SquarePants as a full series, Nickelodeon executives insisted that it would not be popular unless the main character was a child who went to school, with his teacher as a main character. The show's creator, Stephen Hillenburg, recalled in 2012 that Nickelodeon told him, "Our winning formula is animation about kids in school... We want you to put SpongeBob in school." Hillenburg was ready to "walk out" on Nickelodeon and abandon the series, since he wanted SpongeBob to be an adult character. He eventually compromised by adding a new character to the main cast, Mrs. Puff, who is a boat-driving teacher. Hillenburg was happy with the compromise and said, "A positive thing for me that came out of it was [how it brought] in a new character, Mrs. Puff, who I love."

According to Nickelodeon writer Micah Wright, the series pickups for both SpongeBob and CatDog were announced on the same day in 1997. Nickelodeon's senior vice president, Kevin Kay, confirmed to the animation studio's creative team that it had greenlit 100 episodes (200 individual segments) of CatDog and six episodes (twelve segments) of SpongeBob. Nickelodeon believed CatDog had the potential to be its next breakout hit, and their order represented an investment of $50 million into the series alone. Stephen Hillenburg was doubtful that his show would last, and he stated in 2009: "I was thinking if we could make a pilot, then we'd have one episode and have accomplished that. Then I thought if it did go to a full season that we'd get twelve chances to write stories and that might be it... that we'd make twelve shows and get canceled."

In 1998, Nickelodeon premiered Oh Yeah! Cartoons, which was intended as a "character laboratory" to test out cartoon characters. Creator Fred Seibert described the show as an experiment into a seven-minute format that Nickelodeon generally avoided; he said, "they were very willing to try an experiment to see how it would work." The series eventually yielded three half-hour spin-offs based on segments from the show: The Fairly OddParents, ChalkZone, and My Life as a Teenage Robot. 1998 also marked the release of the first feature film based on a Nicktoon: The Rugrats Movie, which became the first non-Disney animated film to gross over $100 million at the North American box office. On December 8, Nickelodeon's movie division greenlit theatrical adaptations of Hey Arnold! and The Wild Thornberrys, less than a month after Rugrats opened in theaters.

Building new brands (2000–2009)
At the turn of the millennium, Nickelodeon noticed that a new competitor, Cartoon Network, was attracting some of its 11–15 year old demographic. Desiring a cartoon suited for older viewers, Nickelodeon producer Mary Harrington contacted Jhonen Vasquez for a series pitch after reading his Squee! comic books. Vasquez pitched Invader Zim, which satisfied Nickelodeon's requests for "something 'edgy'."

Nickelodeon also sought out a new action-adventure cartoon after commissioning several anime-inspired pilots that "didn't go anywhere", according to a New York Times article. By 2002, Nickelodeon had rejected multiple Japanese series, considering them derivative or too mature for the channel's target audience. In response, Bryan Konietzko and Michael Dante DiMartino pitched Avatar: The Last Airbender, and Nickelodeon ordered six episodes of the show. Avatar premiered in February 2005 to high ratings, after which Nickelodeon increased its order to 13 episodes and again to 20.

In the early 2000s, Nickelodeon briefly continued its strategy of adapting Nicktoon franchises into theatrical features. Executives at the company's movie division decided to reconsider this approach after several films (Hey Arnold!: The Movie and Rugrats Go Wild) were met with poor financial and critical reception. According to the Chicago Tribune, Nickelodeon believed the Hey Arnold! movie "didn't just fail but actually tarnished one of the company's best selling points: its trustworthy brand name." Aside from SpongeBob SquarePants films, Nickelodeon Movies stopped producing animated theatrical features based on their shows.

In February 2005, high ratings from Butch Hartman's two Nicktoons (The Fairly OddParents and Danny Phantom) convinced the network to sign a multi-year deal with Hartman. As part of the agreement, Hartman developed original animated and live-action concepts for Nickelodeon and its sister channel, Noggin. In a statement, Hartman said, "Working with everyone at Nickelodeon over the past several years has been hugely satisfying and I look forward to forging the same kind of terrific creative alliances with the folks at Noggin".

In October 2006, DreamWorks Animation (who was then in a distribution deal with Nickelodeon's corporate sister Paramount Pictures) announced that it would partner to co-produce animated shows with the channel. The partnership resulted in three CGI-animated shows based on DreamWorks' character library: The Penguins of Madagascar, Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness, and Monsters vs. Aliens.

Rebranding (2009–2017)
In October 2009 and September 2010, respectively, Viacom brought Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and Winx Club into the Nickelodeon family by purchasing both franchises. Nickelodeon Animation Studio produced a new CGI-animated Turtles series and new seasons of Winx Club with CGI sequences. TMNT and Winx were both inducted into the Nicktoons franchise after Nickelodeon launched them. The two productions comprised Nickelodeon's strategy to reboot two established brands for new viewers: TMNT was intended to reach an audience of boys aged 6 to 11, and Winx was aimed at the same age group of girls. In February 2011, Viacom bought out a third of Rainbow SpA, the Italian animation studio that introduced Winx Club. The purchase was valued at 62 million euros (US$83 million) and led to new shows being co-developed by Rainbow and Nickelodeon, including Club 57 and a pilot for the Nickelodeon Animated Shorts Program called "Crazy Block".

In the early 2010s, Nickelodeon executives searched for independent animations on the Internet, looking for original ideas. Chris Viscardi, who would later become Nickelodeon Animation's senior vice president, stated that the studio desired to "[get] back to more creator-driven things." Nickelodeon eventually came across two animations they enjoyed: The Forest City Rockers (a short series by Jay Howell and Jim Dirschberger) and Breadwinners (a stand-alone short by Gary DiRaffaele and Steve Borst). Howell and Dirschberger were recruited to develop Sanjay and Craig while DiRaffaele and Borst were asked to expand their Breadwinners short into a full series. Sanjay and Craig premiered first, on May 25, 2013. After its debut, Los Angeles Times critic Robert Lloyd optimistically compared the show to the Nicktoons of the 1990s, writing that "the goofy and delightful series ... represents a positive step back for the network to where it once belonged."

In the late 2010s, Nickelodeon revived three existing Nicktoons IP as one-off movies, including Hey Arnold!: The Jungle Movie, Rocko's Modern Life: Static Cling, and Invader Zim: Enter the Florpus. The first aired on the Nickelodeon channel in November 2017, while the latter two premiered in August 2019 on Netflix. Jhonen Vasquez, the creator of Invader Zim, stated in 2019 that the studio's support for the revival films waned due to a shift in management: "We had an immense amount of support throughout most of the production. Things just turn on a dime, people get axed, new people come in."

Expanding beyond cable (2018–present)
In 2018, Nickelodeon began to shift from focusing only on cable broadcasting to what it describes as a "studio model" that provides content for third-party companies. The decision was made based on the sharp decline of cable viewership due to the rise of streaming services. As part of this strategy, Nickelodeon announced that the series Pinky Malinky would release on Netflix as "the first straight-to-Netflix Nicktoon". The series premiered on the platform on January 1, 2019. On November 13, 2019, Nickelodeon expanded their relationship with Netflix with the announcement of a multi-year output deal, under which Nickelodeon Animation Studio will produce "original animated feature films and TV series based on both new and existing IP". On February 21, 2020, Nickelodeon's Glitch Techs premiered on Netflix, becoming the second Nicktoon to receive a digital only release.

List of Nicktoons
Note: Animated series made for Nickelodeon's other brands (namely Nick Jr. and Nick at Nite) are not included in this list.

title: Nicktoons


text:
Koori, Fukushima

Koori (桑折町) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 11,679 in 4599 households, and a population density of 270 persons per km2. The total area the town was 42.97 km2.

Geography
Kōri is located in the northern Fukushima Basin on the northern border of Fukushima prefecture with Miyagi Prefecture. The northwestern half of the town is mountainous and hilly, and the eastern and southern portions of the town are in the Fukushima Basin along the Abukuma River, which runs through the southeast of the town. There is Mount Handa (865 meters) is to the northwest of the town.
 * Rivers: Abukuma River

Neighboring municipalities

 * Fukushima Prefecture
 * Date
 * Fukushima
 * Kunimi
 * Miyagi Prefecture
 * Shiroishi

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Koori peaked around the year 1950 and has been in decline since. It is now less than it was a century ago.

Climate
Koori has a humid climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Koori is 12.5 C. The average annual rainfall is 1233 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.4 C, and lowest in January, at around 0.9 C.

History
The area of present-day Koori was part of ancient Mutsu Province. During the Edo period, it was tenryō territory under direct control of the Tokugawa shogunate and was the site of a daikansho as well as a post station on the Ōshū Kaidō and the Hasshu Kaidō highways. After the Meiji Restoration, it was organized as part of Nakadōri region of Iwaki Province. The town of Koori was created on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. It annexed the neighboring villages of Mutsuai, Danzaki and Handa on March 31, 1954.

Economy
The economy of Kōri is primarily agricultural, and is famous for production of fruit, notably peaches. It is a satellite city of the prefectural capital, Fukushima.

Education
Kōri has four public elementary schools and one public junior high school operated by the town government. The town has one private high school, but no public high schools.

Railway
JR East – Tōhoku Main Line
 * Koori

Highway

 * – Koori Junction
 * – Koori Junction

Local attractions

 * Kōri-Nishiyama Castle ruins, a National Historic Site
 * former Date District Office, a National Important Cultural Property

International relations
Mazie Hirono (D-HI), an U.S. Senator from Hawaii since 2013, was born in Koori. Animator and director Akiyuki Shinbo was also born in Koori.

Koori is twinned with following town(s):
 * 🇺🇸 - Elizabethtown, Kentucky, USA since May 15, 1992

title: Koori, Fukushima