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35th Infantry Division (United States)

The 35th Infantry Division, formerly known as the 35th Division, is an infantry formation of the United States Army National Guard headquartered at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.

The 35th Division was organized 25 August 1917, at Camp Doniphan, Oklahoma, as a unit of the National Guard, with troops from Missouri and Kansas. It was inactivated in 1919, but the division headquarters was reconstituted in 1935 and it served with a brief interruption until it was inactivated again in 1963. The division was reactivated and the headquarters and headquarters company federally recognized on 25 August 1984, at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.

Shoulder sleeve insignia
The division's shoulder patch, a Santa Fe cross in a circle, was conceived as a marking for division vehicles and baggage in 1918, and was first promulgated by 35th Division General Orders Number 25, issued on 27 March 1918. It was officially approved for the 35th Division on 29 October 1918 by the adjutant general of the American Expeditionary Force. The marking was later stenciled onto signs identifying the whereabouts of division units, soldiers' helmets, and finally was made into a shoulder sleeve insignia when that usage was authorized.

Twenty-four distinct combinations of quadrant and border colors were devised for all of the 35th Division's units. Each major unit of the 35th Division (the division headquarters and headquarters troop and the 128th Machine Gun Battalion, the 110th Field Signal Battalion, 110th Ammunition, 110th Sanitary, and 110th Supply Trains, the 110th Engineer Regiment and Train, the 69th Infantry Brigade, the 70th Infantry Brigade, and the 60th Field Artillery Brigade) was respectively identified by one of six border colors: blue, green, white, yellow, black, or red. The component units each had their own combination of quadrant colors, consisting of one or two of the aforementioned. Patches varied widely in exact design and material.

Postwar, the wide variety of color combinations was done away with, and the insignia to be worn by all division personnel was simplified to consist of a white Santa Fe cross on a blue background with an olive drab border, although colored insignia continued in limited use in certain cases until the 1930s.

Commanders

 * Major General William M. Wright (25 August 1917)
 * Brigadier General Lucien Grant Berry (18 September 1917)
 * Major General William M. Wright (10 December 1917)
 * Brigadier General Nathaniel F. McClure (15 June 1918)
 * Major General Peter E. Traub (20 July 1918)
 * Brigadier General Thomas B. Dugan (25 November 1918)
 * Major General Peter E. Traub (7 December 1918)
 * Brigadier General Thomas B. Dugan (27 December 1918 to inactivation)

Actions during World War I

On 18 July 1917, the War Department directed that certain National Guard troops from Kansas and Missouri form the 35th Division, and on 5 August, the National Guard was drafted into federal service. Concentration of divisional troops at Camp Doniphan, near Fort Sill, Oklahoma, began in late August, and training began on 8 September. During October, about 3,000 draftees from Camp Funston, Kansas, most of whom were from Kansas and Missouri, joined the division, and in spring 1918, more men came from Camp Funston, Camp Travis, Texas, and Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. On 2 April 1917, the division moved from Camp Mills, New York, and Camp Merritt, New Jersey, to the Brooklyn, Hoboken, New York, and Philadelphia Ports of Embarkation, where it received approximately 2,000 replacements to bring it to full strength. Elements of the division sailed for England and France from 16 April to 8 June 1918, with the elements that landed in England (Southampton and Liverpool) moving shortly to Le Havre, France.

The 35th served first, a brigade at a time, in the Vosges mountains between 30 June and 13 August. The whole division served in the Gérardmer sector, Alsace, 14 August to 1 September; heavy fighting and casualties during the opening stages of the Meuse-Argonne offensive, 21 to 30 September; Sommedieue sector, 15 October to 6 November. The division spent ninety-two days in quiet sectors and five in active; advanced twelve and one half kilometres against resistance, captured 781 prisoners, and lost 1,067 killed and 6,216 wounded. The 35th Division had, as an officer, Captain Harry S. Truman, future 33rd President of the United States, who commanded Battery D of the 129th Field Artillery Regiment.

World War I order of battle
Units of the 35th Division during World War I included:
 * Headquarters, 35th Division
 * 69th Infantry Brigade
 * 137th Infantry Regiment (1st Kansas Infantry less band, and 2nd Kansas Infantry)
 * 138th Infantry Regiment (1st Missouri Infantry, and 5th Missouri Infantry less band)
 * 129th Machine Gun Battalion (2nd Battalion, 2nd Missouri Infantry)
 * 70th Infantry Brigade
 * 139th Infantry Regiment (3rd Kansas Infantry, and 4th Missouri Infantry less band)
 * 140th Infantry Regiment (3rd Missouri Infantry, and 6th Missouri Infantry less band)
 * 130th Machine Gun Battalion (3rd Battalion, 2nd Missouri Infantry)
 * 60th Field Artillery Brigade
 * 128th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (1st Missouri Field Artillery)
 * 129th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (2nd Missouri Field Artillery and Troop B, Missouri Cavalry)
 * 130th Field Artillery Regiment (155 mm) (1st Kansas Field Artillery)
 * 110th Trench Mortar Battery (Supply Company and Headquarters Company (less band), 2nd Missouri Infantry)
 * 128th Machine Gun Battalion (Machine Gun Company and 1st Battalion, 2nd Missouri Infantry)
 * 110th Engineer Regiment (1st Separate Battalion Kansas Engineers, 1st Separate Battalion Missouri Engineers, and band, 1st Kansas Infantry)
 * 110th Field Signal Battalion (1st Battalion, Kansas Signal Corps)
 * Headquarters Troop, 35th Division (Troop A, 1st Squadron Kansas Cavalry)
 * 110th Train Headquarters and Military Police (Troops B, C, and D, 1st Squadron Kansas Cavalry)
 * 110th Ammunition Train (National Army men)
 * 110th Supply Train (Supply Train, Missouri National Guard)
 * 110th Engineer Train (Engineer Train, Kansas National Guard)
 * 110th Sanitary Train
 * 137th, 138th, 139th, and 140th Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals (1st and 2nd Kansas Field Hospitals, 1st and 2nd Missouri Field Hospitals, 1st and 2nd Kansas Ambulance Companies, and 1st and 2nd Missouri Ambulance Companies)

Interwar period
Pursuant to Section 3a of the 1920 amendments to the National Defense Act of 1916, a systematic effort was made to return units of the National Guard and Organized Reserve (which assumed the unit designations of the wartime National Army) to the states from which they had originated. In 1921, the 35th Division was reconstituted in the National Guard, allotted to the states of Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska of the Seventh Corps Area, and assigned to the VII Corps.

In the postwar reorganization of the Army's infantry divisions, they only had two regiments of horse-drawn 75 mm guns, with truck-drawn 155 mm howitzers initially assigned as corps and army artillery because of the belief that they were too tactically immobile. As early as 1922, the Nebraska National Guard found it impossible to organize the VII Corps' 127th Field Artillery Regiment because a lack of funding and armory space. When suitable modifications were made to the 155 mm howitzer as part of the Army's motorization of field artillery in the early 1930s to allow for high-speed truck traction, 155 mm howitzer regiments were returned to divisions; the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment, a partially-organized General Headquarters Reserve (GHQR) 75 mm gun unit from Arkansas, was converted to 155 mm howitzers and assigned to the 35th Division on 13 July 1931 in lieu of the 127th Field Artillery.

Because of a lack of funding and disputes between the states allotted for the division. the 35th Division headquarters was not organized and federally recognized until 13 September 1935. In the 1920s and 1930s, constituent units of the division performed routine training within their respective states as well as various activities policing labor troubles and effecting disaster relief. Arkansas units trained at Camp Pike (later renamed Camp Joseph T. Robinson), Arkansas, Fort Riley, Kansas, near Junction City, or at Fort Sill; Kansas units trained at Fort Riley; Missouri units at Camp Clark, near Nevada, Missouri; Nebraska units at Camp Ashland, near Ashland, Nebraska. 180 Organized Reserve officers of the 89th and 102nd Divisions were also provided with training by the division. Due to limited funding, all the units of the 35th Division did not gather together in one place for training until the Seventh Corps Area concentration of the Fourth Army maneuvers at Fort Riley, in 1937. The division also concentrated at Camp Ripley, Minnesota, in 1940.

With the conversion of National Guard cavalry divisions to other types of units in 1940, Kansas' 114th Cavalry Regiment was converted and redesignated as the 127th Field Artillery Regiment and assigned to the 35th Division, and the 142nd Field Artillery Regiment was relieved from the division on 1 October 1940.

Special Troops, 35th Division

 * 35th Signal Company for communications duty in conjunction with a coal miners' strike in Columbus, Kansas, 17 June-6 August 1935

35th Division Quartermaster Train
Source:
 * Elements for flood relief duty along the Republican River in south-central Nebraska, 1–4 June 1935
 * Entire train for martial law in conjunction with a streetcar workers' strike in Omaha, Nebraska, 15-21 June 1935

69th Infantry Brigade

 * Brigade headquarters for command and control in conjunction with a streetcar workers' strike in Omaha, 15-21 June 1935

70th Infantry Brigade
Source:
 * Headquarters company for riot control duty during a railroad workers' strike in Poplar Bluff, Missouri, July 1922
 * Headquarters and headquarters company for riot control duty during a riot at the Missouri State Penitentiary in Jefferson City, 25–27 March 1930

110th Medical Regiment

 * Elements for riot control duty during a workers' strike at a Nebraska City meat packing plant, January–February 1922
 * Elements for martial law in conjunction with a streetcar workers' strike in Omaha, 15-21 June 1935
 * Elements for flood relief duty along the Republican River in south-central Nebraska, 1–4 June 1935

130th Field Artillery Regiment
Source:
 * 1st Battalion for riot control duty during a coal miners' strike in Pittsburg, 14 December 1921 – 26 February 1922
 * Several batteries for tornado relief duty in Hutchinson, 13–15 January 1923, and Horton, 18–19 June 1923
 * 1st Battalion for flood relief duty in Hutchinson, July 1929

134th Infantry Regiment
Source:
 * Five companies for riot control duty during a workers' strike at a Nebraska City meat packing plant, January–February 1922
 * Portion of one company for tornado relief duty at Hastings, Nebraska, 9–12 May 1930
 * Two companies for riot control duty during a water rights dispute along the north fork of the Platte River in Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska, 28 August-3 September 1935
 * Entire regiment, less band, for martial law in conjunction with a streetcar workers' strike in Omaha, 15–21 June 1935

137th Infantry Regiment
Source:
 * 1st and 3rd Battalions for riot control duty during a coal miners' strike in Pittsburg, Kansas, 14 December 1921 – 26 February 1922
 * Tornado relief duty in Augusta, Kansas, 13–16 July 1924
 * 2nd Battalion for road patrols and bridge blocks during a prison breakout in Lansing, Kansas, 19–20 January 1934
 * Regimental headquarters and 3rd Battalion for riot control duty during a copper miners' disturbance in Baxter Springs, Kansas, 8–27 June 1934, and during a coal miners' strike in Columbus, Kansas, 17 June-6 August 1935

138th Infantry Regiment
Source:
 * 1st Battalion for riot control duty during a railroad workers' strike in Poplar Bluff, July 1922
 * Tornado relief duty in St. Louis, Missouri, 29 September-6 October 1927

140th Infantry Regiment
Source:
 * Riot control duty at railroad workers' strikes in Moberly, Macon, and Poplar Bluff, Missouri, 13 July-23 November 1922, and during a workers' strike in New Madrid, Missouri, May 1923
 * Flood relief duty along the Mississippi River at Charleston, Sikeston, and Poplar Bluff, Missouri, 16 April-12 May 1927 and January 1937, and along the St. Francis River, June 1928, and every spring from 1932-1933 and 1935-1938

142nd Field Artillery Regiment

 * Entire regiment for flood relief duty in Forrest City, Camp Barton, and Jonesboro, Arkansas, January–February 1937

161st Field Artillery Regiment
Source:
 * Three batteries for road patrols and bridge blocks during a prison breakout in Lansing, 19–20 January 1934
 * 2nd Battalion for riot control duty during a coal miners' strike in Columbus, Kansas, 17–25 June 1935
 * 1st Battalion for riot control duty during a coal miners' strike in Columbus, Kansas, 28 June-6 August 1935

Order of battle, 1924
Source:

Italics indicates that the given unit was unorganized or inactive

 * Headquarters, 35th Division
 * Division Headquarters Detachment
 * Headquarters, Special Troops (Missouri National Guard)
 * Headquarters Detachment, Special Troops (Missouri National Guard)
 * Medical Department Detachment, Special Troops (Missouri National Guard)
 * Headquarters Company (Warrensburg, Missouri)
 * 35th Military Police Company (Kansas National Guard)
 * 35th Signal Company (Kansas City, Kansas)
 * 110th Ordnance Company (Medium) (Kansas National Guard)
 * 35th Tank Company (Light) (St. Joseph, Missouri)
 * Motorcycle Company No. 110 (Kansas National Guard)
 * 69th Infantry Brigade (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 134th Infantry Regiment (Omaha, Nebraska)
 * 137th Infantry Regiment (Horton, Kansas)
 * 70th Infantry Brigade (Jefferson City, Missouri)
 * 138th Infantry Regiment (St. Louis, Missouri)
 * 140th Infantry Regiment (Caruthersville, Missouri)
 * 60th Field Artillery Brigade (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 130th Field Artillery Regiment (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 161st Field Artillery Regiment (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 110th Ammunition Train (Kansas National Guard)
 * 110th Engineer Regiment (Kansas City, Missouri)
 * 110th Medical Regiment (Lincoln, Nebraska)
 * 35th Division Train, Quartermaster Corps (Lincoln, Nebraska)
 * 35th Division Air Service (St. Louis, Missouri)

Order of battle, 1939
Source:

 * Headquarters, 35th Division (Kansas City, Missouri)
 * Division commander (Kansas City, Missouri)
 * Division Headquarters Detachment (Warrensburg, Missouri)
 * Headquarters, Special Troops (St. Joseph, Missouri)
 * Headquarters Detachment, Special Troops (St. Joseph, Missouri)
 * Medical Department Detachment (St. Joseph, Missouri)
 * Headquarters Company, 35th Division (Warrensburg, Missouri)
 * 35th Military Police Company (Garden City, Kansas)
 * 35th Signal Company (Kansas City, Kansas)
 * 35th Tank Company (St. Joseph, Missouri)
 * 110th Ordnance Company (Kansas National Guard)
 * Headquarters, 69th Infantry Brigade (Omaha, Nebraska)
 * Headquarters Company, 69th Infantry Brigade (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 134th Infantry Regiment (Omaha, Nebraska)
 * 137th Infantry Regiment (Horton, Kansas)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 70th Infantry Brigade (Jefferson City, Missouri)
 * 138th Infantry Regiment (St. Louis, Missouri)
 * 140th Infantry Regiment (Caruthersville, Missouri)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 60th Field Artillery Brigade (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 130th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 142nd Field Artillery Regiment (155 mm) (El Dorado, Arkansas)
 * 161st Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (Topeka, Kansas)
 * 110th Ammunition Train (Kansas National Guard)
 * 110th Engineer Regiment (Kansas City, Missouri)
 * 110th Medical Regiment (Lincoln, Nebraska)
 * 110th Quartermaster Regiment (Lincoln, Nebraska)
 * 35th Division Aviation (110th Observation Squadron) (attached) (St. Louis, Missouri)

Federalization
The 35th Division was ordered into federal service on 23 December 1940 at home stations. The division's units were ordered to report to Camp Joseph T. Robinson, Arkansas, and had arrived by the end of January, 1941. The incomplete ranks of the 35th were swelled by thousands of draftees, a large portion of whom were from Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska, through a War Department arrangement to fill the balance of National Guard units ordered into federal service with men from their home states or corps areas insofar as was possible. After completing the War Department-mandated divisional training program, the 35th Division maneuvered against other units in Arkansas and Louisiana in the fall of 1941. In August 1941, the division was redesignated the 35th Infantry Division. After the Pearl Harbor attack came its first assignment, the defense of the Southern California Sector of the Western Defense Command.

Reorganization
On 3 February 1942, the War Department ordered that the 35th Division be "triangularized" at the earliest practicable date. The 138th Infantry Regiment departed, assigned to GHQ. The division's infantry and field artillery brigade headquarters were eliminated, and the engineer, field artillery, medical, and quartermaster regiments were reorganized as battalions. The reorganization was completed on 1 March 1942. On 27 January 1943, the 140th Infantry Regiment was relieved from the division, and was replaced by the 320th Infantry Regiment.

Further training
The division departed California for Camp Rucker, Alabama, arriving on 1 April 1943. After participating in the Second Army Tennessee Maneuvers from 22 November 1943 to 17 January 1944 and receiving mountain warfare training at the West Virginia Maneuver Area from 21 February to 28 March 1944, the 35th Infantry Division was declared ready for overseas service. Further movement to Camp Butner, North Carolina, and Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, saw the division through to England, where it arrived on 25 May 1944.

Commanders

 * Major General Ralph E. Truman (October 1938 – October 1941)
 * Major General William H. Simpson (October 1941 – April 1942)
 * Major General Maxwell Murray (May 1942 – January 1943)
 * Major General Paul W. Baade (January 1943 to inactivation)

Actions during World War II
The 35th Infantry Division arrived in England on 25 May 1944 and received further training. It landed on Omaha Beach, Normandy 5–7 July 1944 and entered combat on 11 July, fighting in the Normandy hedgerows north of St. Lo. The division turned away twelve German counterattacks at Emelie before entering St. Lo on 18 July. After mopping up in the St. Lo area, it took part in the offensive action southwest of St. Lo, pushing the Germans across the Vire River on 2 August, and breaking out of the Cotentin Peninsula. While en route to an assembly area, the division was "flagged off the road," to secure the Mortain-Avranches corridor and to rescue the 30th Division's "Lost Battalion" August 7–13, 1944.

Then racing across France through Orleans and Sens, the division attacked across the Moselle on 13 September, captured Nancy on 15 September, secured Chambrey on 1 October, and drove on to the German border, taking Sarreguemines and crossing the Saar on 8 December. After crossing the Blies River on 12 December, the division moved to Metz for rest and rehabilitation on 19 December. The 35th moved to Arlon, Belgium December 25–26, and took part in the fighting to relieve Bastogne, throwing off the attacks of four German divisions, taking Villers-laBonne-Eau on 10 January, after a 13-day fight and Lutrebois in a 5-day engagement. On 18 January 1945, the division returned to Metz to resume its interrupted rest.

In late January, the division was defending the Foret de Domaniale area. Moving to the Netherlands to hold a defensive line along the Roer on 22 February, the division attacked across the Roer on 23 February, pierced the Siegfried Line, reached the Rhine at Wesel on 10 March, and crossed 25–26 March. It smashed across the Herne Canal and reached the Ruhr River early in April, when it was ordered to move to the Elbe April 12. Making the 295-mile dash in two days, the 35th mopped up in the vicinity of Colbitz and Angern, until 26 April 1945 when it moved to Hanover for occupational and mopping-up duty, continuing occupation beyond VE-day. The division left Southampton, England, on 5 September, and arrived in New York City on 10 September 1945.

Assignments in the ETO

 * 5 May 1944: XV Corps, Third Army.
 * 8 July 1944: Third Army, but attached to the XIX Corps of First Army.
 * 27 July 1944: V Corps.
 * 1 August 1944: Third Army, Twelfth United States Army Group, but attached to the V Corps of First Army.
 * 5 August 1944: Third Army, 12th Army Group.
 * 6 August 1944: XX Corps.
 * 9 August 1944: Third Army, 12th Army Group, but attached to the VII Corps of First Army.
 * 13 August 1944: XII Corps, Third Army, 12th Army Group.
 * 23 December 1944: Third Army, 12th Army Group.
 * 24 December 1944: XX Corps.
 * 26 December 1944: III Corps.
 * 18 January 1945: XX Corps.
 * 23 January 1945: XV Corps, Sixth United States Army Group.
 * 30 January 1945: XVI Corps, Ninth Army, attached to the British 21st Army Group, 12th Army Group.
 * 4 April 1945: XVI Corps, Ninth Army, 12th Army Group.
 * 13 April 1945: XIX Corps for operations, and the XIII Corps for administration.
 * 16 April 1945: XIII Corps.

World War II order of battle
Units of the 35th Infantry Division from March 1942 included:
 * Headquarters, 35th Infantry Division
 * 134th Infantry Regiment
 * 137th Infantry Regiment
 * 320th Infantry Regiment
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 35th Infantry Division Artillery
 * 127th Field Artillery Battalion (155 mm)
 * 161st Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
 * 216th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
 * 219th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
 * 60th Engineer Combat Battalion
 * 110th Medical Battalion
 * 35th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
 * Headquarters, Special Troops, 35th Infantry Division
 * Headquarters Company, 35th Infantry Division
 * 735th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company
 * 35th Quartermaster Company
 * 35th Signal Company
 * Military Police Platoon
 * Band
 * 35th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment

Statistics

 * Campaigns: Normandy, Northern France, Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, Central Europe
 * Days of combat: 264

Awards

 * Unit Awards:
 * Distinguished Unit Citations: 7
 * 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against the enemy during the period 28 December 1944 through 16 January 1945 (War Department General Orders No. 62, 1947)
 * 1st Battalion, 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty against the enemy in the vicinity of Saint-Lô, Normandy, France, from 15 to 19 July 1944 (War Department General Orders No. 66, 1945)
 * Company C, 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty against the enemy in the vicinity of Habkirchen, Germany, from 12 to 21 December 1944 (War Department General Orders No. 68, 1945)
 * 2nd (machine gun) Platoon, Company D, 134th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism in action against the enemy in the vicinity of Habkirchen, Germany, from 12 to 21 December 1944 (War Department General Orders No. 66, 1945)
 * Company F, 137th Infantry Regiment, for outstanding performance of duty in action against the enemy at Sarreguemines, France, on 10 December 1944 (War Department General Orders No. 11, 1946)
 * 3rd Battalion, 137th Infantry Regiment, for outstanding performance of duty in action against the enemy in France, 18–21 November 1944 (War Department General Orders No. 20, 1946)
 * 1st Battalion, 320th Infantry Regiment, for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty in action against the enemy in the vicinity of Mortain, France, from 10 to 13 August 1944 (War Department General Orders No. 55, 1945)
 * Meritorious Service Unit Plaques: 22
 * Individual Awards:
 * Medal of Honor: 1 (Staff Sergeant Junior J. Spurrier)
 * Distinguished Service Cross: 44
 * Distinguished Service Medal: 1
 * Silver Star Medal: 688
 * Legion of Merit: 10
 * Distinguished Flying Cross: 1
 * Soldier's Medal: 22
 * Bronze Star Medal: 3,435
 * Air Medal: 133

Casualties

 * Total battle casualties: 15,822
 * Killed in action: 2,485
 * Wounded in action: 11,526
 * Missing in action: 340
 * Prisoner of war: 1,471

Cold War to present
On 7 December 1945, the division was inactivated at Camp Breckinridge, Kentucky. During the next year and into 1947, the division was reestablished as a Kansas and Missouri National Guard division. In 1954 the division consisted of the 137th (Kansas), 138th (Missouri), and 140th Infantry Regiments (Missouri); 127th, 128th, 129th, and 154th Field Artillery Battalions; the 135th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion; the 135th Tank Battalion; and signals, engineer, reconnaissance, military police, other combat support units, plus combat service support units. After the Pentomic reorganization, the division's five battle groups were the 1-137 Infantry; 2-137 Infantry; 1-138 Infantry; 2-138 Infantry; and 1-140 Infantry. In 1963 the division was inactivated along with three other National Guard divisions.

In early 1983, the Army began the process of reestablishing the division as a mechanized infantry formation to be made up of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Colorado, and Kentucky National Guard units. The division headquarters was established 30 September 1983, at Fort Leavenworth. The division was formally reactivated as the 35th Infantry Division (Mechanized) on 25 August 1984 from the 67th Infantry Brigade (Mechanized) of Nebraska, the 69th Infantry Brigade (Mechanized) of Kansas, and the 149th Armored Brigade from Kentucky. It continues in service today.

In 1984–85, the 69th Infantry Brigade was reported to consist of the following units:

 * 1st Battalion, 137th Infantry
 * 2d Battalion, 137th Infantry
 * 1st Battalion, 635th Armor
 * 1st Battalion, 127th Field Artillery
 * Troop E, 114th Cavalry
 * 169th Engineer Company.

Isby and Kamps also wrote at the same time that the 110th Engineer Battalion, in Missouri, might be assigned as the divisional engineers (p383); however, this did not occur. Actually, the divisional engineer battalion, the 206th Engineer Battalion, was organized in the Kentucky Army National Guard on 1 November 1985.

The divisional aviation brigade headquarters was organized in the Kentucky Army National Guard on 15 September 1986. On 1 October 1987 the division's aviation units were reorganized, and the 135th Aviation was established. Two battalions of the 135th joined the division's aviation component.

Order of battle 1996
Order of battle - 01 September 1996
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Infantry Division
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 66th Infantry Brigade (66th Inf Bde (L)) (Illinois Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 123rd Infantry Regiment(Light)
 * 2nd Battalion, 130th Infantry Regiment (Light)
 * 1st Battalion, 131st Infantry Regiment (United States (Light)
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 67th Infantry Brigade (67th Inf Bde (M)) (Nebraska Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 134th Infantry Regiment (M) (M113A3)
 * 1st Battalion, 195th Armor Regiment (M1)
 * 2nd Battalion, 137th Infantry Regiment (M) (M113A3) (Kansas Army National Guard
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg149th Armor Brigade Kentucky Army National Guard
 * 1st Battalion, 123rd Armor (M1)
 * 2nd Battalion, 123rd Armor (M1)
 * 1st Battalion, 149th Infantry (M) (M113A3)
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Division Artillery (35th DIVARTY) (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * 2nd Battalion, 122nd Field Artillery Regiment (Illinois Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 161st Field Artillery Regiment (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * 2nd Battalion, 138th Field Artillery Regiment (Kentucky Army National Guard)
 * F Battery, 161st Field Artillery Regiment (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * E Battery, 161st Field Artillery Regiment (Kansas Army National Guard
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Combat Aviation Brigade (35th CAB) (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 1st Squadron, 167th Cavalry Regiment (AH-1/M113) (Nebraska Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 135th Aviation Regiment (Attack) (AH-1) (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 114th Aviation Regiment (Assault) (UH-1)(Arkansas Army National Guard)
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Infantry DISCOM
 * 634th Forward Support Battalion (Illinois Army National Guard)
 * 67th Forward Support Battalion (Nebraska Army National Guard)
 * 103rd Forward Support Battalion (Kentucky Army National Guard)
 * 735th Main Support Battalion (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * F Co, 135th Aviation Regiment (Kentucky Army National Guard
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Infantry Division Troops
 * D Co, 134th Infantry Regiment (LRSD) (Nebraska National Guard)
 * 2-202nd Air Defense Artillery Battalion (Illinois Army National Guard)
 * 635th Military Intelligence Battalion (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 35th Military Police Company (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * 135th Signal Battalion (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 35th DROC (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 35th ID Band (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 135th Engineer Brigade (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 206th Engineer Battalion (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 135th Engineer Company (Illinois Army National Guard)

Bosnia
The 35th Infantry Division Headquarters commanded Task Force Eagle's Multi-National Division North in Bosnia and Herzegovina as part of SFOR-13 (Stabilization Force 13) with the NATO peacekeeping mandate under the Dayton Peace Accords. The headquarters were located at Eagle Base in the town of Tuzla. Brigadier General James Mason was the commander. He later went on to command the division. The division headquarters received the Army Superior Unit Award for its service in Bosnia. Division liaison officers served in the towns of Mostar, Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Zenica and Doboj. Several officers went on to other roles, including: Timothy J. Kadavy who served as Commander of 1st Squadron, 167th Cavalry, 35th Infantry Division in Bosnia. Lieutenant General Kadavy is now the Vice Chief of the National Guard Bureau. Victor J. Braden served as the Commander, 1st Battalion, 108th Aviation, 35th Infantry Division in Tuzla, Bosnia. Major General Braden was a recent Commander of the 35th Infantry Division. . Elliott Levenson was the Liaison Officer to the Italian Command at Multinational Brigade, South-East in Mostar, Bosnia. He earned the Bronze Star in Iraq with the 4th Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division in 2008. .

Hurricane Katrina
The division provided headquarters control for National Guard units deployed to Louisiana in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. while the 38th Infantry Division did the same for Mississippi.

Kosovo
A detachment of the 35th Infantry Division was the headquarters element for Task Force Falcon of Multi-National Task Force East (MNTF-E) for the NATO Kosovo Force 9 (KFOR 9) mission. The 35th provided command and control from 7 November 2007 until 7 July 2008, when they were succeeded by the 110th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade, Missouri Army National Guard.

Organization

As of 2023, the 35th Infantry Division consists of a special troops battalion, three infantry brigade combat teams, a division artillery, a combat aviation brigade, a maneuver enhancement brigade, and division sustainment brigade. The 35th Infantry Division is in the process of adding several new units and undergoing reorganization as a "light division" as the U.S. Army shifts from the brigade combat team to the division as the major unit of action as part of its force structure modification plan for the early 21st century.

 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Infantry Division
 * Special Troops Battalion, 35th Infantry Division
 * USArmy 39th Inf Brig Patch.svg 39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (39th IBCT) (Arkansas Army National Guard)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 39th IBCT
 * 1st Squadron, 134th Cavalry Regiment (Nebraska Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 138th Infantry Regiment (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 153rd Infantry Regiment
 * 2nd Battalion, 153rd Infantry Regiment
 * 239th Brigade Engineer Battalion
 * 39th Brigade Support Battalion
 * 45thIBCTSSI.png 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (45th IBCT) (Oklahoma Army National Guard)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 45th IBCT
 * 1st Squadron, 180th Cavalry Regiment
 * 2nd Battalion, 134th Infantry Regiment (Airborne) (Nebraska Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 179th Infantry Regiment
 * 1st Battalion, 279th Infantry Regiment
 * 545th Brigade Engineer Battalion
 * 700th Brigade Support Battalion
 * 36th Infantry Division CSIB.svg 72nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (72nd IBCT) (Texas Army National Guard)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 72nd IBCT
 * 1st Squadron, 112th Cavalry Regiment
 * 1st Battalion, 141st Infantry Regiment
 * 3rd Battalion, 141st Infantry Regiment
 * 3rd Battalion, 138th Infantry Regiment (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 172nd Brigade Engineer Battalion
 * 536th Brigade Support Battalion
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Division Artillery (35th DIVARTY) (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 35th DIVARTY
 * 1st Battalion, 133rd Field Artillery Regiment (Texas Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 160th Field Artillery Regiment (Oklahoma Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 206th Field Artillery Regiment (Arkansas Army National Guard)
 * 35th Brigade Support Battalion
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Combat Aviation Brigade (35th CAB) (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 35th CAB
 * 1st Battalion, 108th Aviation Regiment (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 135th Aviation Regiment
 * 2nd Battalion, 211th Aviation Regiment (Utah Army National Guard)
 * 1st Battalion, 376th Aviation Regiment (Nebraska Army National Guard)
 * 935th Aviation Support Battalion
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Infantry Division Sustainment Brigade (Tennessee Army National Guard)
 * 169th Division Sustainment Support Battalion (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * US Army 110th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade SSI.png 110th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade (110th MEB) (Missouri Army National Guard) (will be reflagged as the 110th Protection Brigade in 2026)
 * Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 110th MEB
 * Air Defense Artillery Battalion (will activate 2026)
 * 126th Chemical Battalion (Nebraska Army National Guard)
 * 175th Military Police Battalion (Missouri Army National Guard)
 * 230th Engineer Battalion (Tennessee Army National Guard)
 * 110th Brigade Support Battalion
 * 891st Division Engineer Battalion (Kansas Army National Guard)
 * Division Intelligence & Electronic Warfare Battalion (Michigan Army National Guard)
 * Division Cavalry Squadron (will activate 2026)
 * Division Mobile Protected Firepower Battalion (will activate 2025)

Notable members

 * Captain Harry S. Truman, President of the United States; commanded Battery D, 129th Field Artillery, 60th Field Artillery Brigade
 * Captain Alexander R. Skinker, Medal of Honor, WWI, Battle of the Meuse-Argonne, 138th Infantry Regiment
 * Private Nels Wold, Medal of Honor, WWI, Battle of the Meuse-Argonne, 138th Infantry Regiment
 * Second Lieutenant Erwin Russell Bleckley, Medal of Honor, WWI, Battle of the Meuse-Argonne, 130th Field Artillery Regiment, Kansas
 * Harry H. Vaughan
 * Staff Sergeant Junior J. Spurrier, Medal of Honor, WWII, Achain, France, 13 November 1944, Distinguished Service Cross, WWII, Lay St. Christopher, France, 16 September 1944, 134th Infantry Regiment
 * Master Sergeant Robert Pirosh, screenwriter, served during WWII

In popular culture

 * The 35th Infantry Division is featured in the 1970 film Kelly's Heroes
 * Mickey Rooney as Andy Hardy in 1947 film "Love Laughs at Andy Hardy " wears the 35th Infantry Division patch.
 * The fictional unit in the film From Here to Eternity wears the 35th ID patch.

title: 35th Infantry Division (United States)


text:
User talk:Codroc~enwiki

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Substub
Why the substub? Are you asking people to fill your user page?

Err. Well. Thx for your correction, of course, it's my own page, so it must not be a substub, no matter what I filled it with. but I'm just thinking that 1 line explanation is not enough to introduce myself. Gotta edit the page soon. Codroc

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Hello,

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Codroc~enwiki


text:
Talk:Duchsustus

Removing bulk of article
I'm removing the bulk of this article. My reason is that it is apparently pasted from an uncredited source (you can see the footnote numbers throughout). I'm placing it here in case someone can make sense of it. --LeeHunter 00:19, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC) "These definitions and rulings are the halachic conclusions of Rabbeinu Tam and the Shulchan Aruch. As mentioned before, however, the issue is a matter of great controversy. The Bais Yoseph himself has dealt with the subject matter. What follows is therefore the Bais Yoseph's own words (OC 32:7): The commentaries disagree as to the meaning of Klaf and Duchsustus. The RaN's View

The RaN27, citing the Rambam, writes that when the skin is being processed it is split into two. The section that is stuck to the flesh is called 'klaf' and the writing is done on the side that is facing the flesh itself. The section that is toward the hair is called 'duchsustus' and the writing is done on the side that is facing the hair. He (the RaN) further writes that this is the opinion of the Ramban and the Rashba in a responsa28. The Ran also writes that according to this opinion, those that write Tefillin must meticulously scrape off the skins toward the side of the hair so that what will remain will be considered within the category of Klaf. The View of Tosfos

However, the Tosfos29 have written the exact opposite. The upper section that is toward the hair is called 'Klaf', while the inner section that is attached to the flesh is called 'duchsustus.' According to this, when we say that it is written 'on the Klaf facing the flesh' - it means the side that is closer to the flesh. When we say 'on the duchsustus facing the hair' - it means on the side that is closer to the hair. It comes out that regarding both of them we write on the side where the two connect together. The Mordechai, citing Rashi30, also ruled in this manner; as did the Ran31 citing the Aruch, the Rosh Hilchos Sefer Torah Siman 5; our versions of the Rambam (1:7); Sefer HaTrumah Siman 194; SmaG Siman 24, and HaGaos Maimon 1:4. The Tosfos have also commented on this (Shabbos 79b 'Klaf'): 'And our parchments have the status of klaf and we write on the side that faces the flesh, not like those who say that our parchment is duchsustus, because the craftsmen who process it scrape off the outer layer and what remains is the duchsustus. For if so, how could we write Tefillin on them? For we conclude here that Tefillin must be written specifically on Klaf.' All the Rabbis that cite Tosfos have ruled in the same manner. The rationale must be that the upper layer toward the hair that is scraped off is only what is needed to process and smooth it. Even if the skin is into two - it would be necessary to scrape it off in such a manner. And on the side of the flesh they scrape off so much that only the Klaf remains.' [Up until here is the translation of the Bais Yoseph]. There are a number of responsa of the Rambam that also indicate that the Rambam's position is, in fact, as the RaN describes32. Nonetheless, the Halachah is in accordance with the Shulchan Aruch and Rabbeinu Tam's position - the duchsustus is the bottom part of the skin, and the writing is done on the inner sides. Special Mitzvah to Use Duchsustus

It is a special Mitzvah to write the Mezuzah on duchsustus. Indeed, the Tur writes that the essential Mitzvah of Mezuzah is to write it on duchsustus33. If it was written on klaf or gvil, the Mezuzah is still kosher34. For a discussion on why duchsustus is not made today see footnote35. The writing is always done on the middle of both layers of skin. When klaf is used the writing is done on the side toward the flesh. When duchsustus is used the writing is done on the side closest to the outer skin36. Nowadays, however, the animal hide is no longer split into klaf and duchsustus. Rather, the entire skin is processed and smoothed on both sides and the writing is done on the side of the animal's flesh37. If a Mezuzah is written on the other side, i.e. on the side of the hair, the Mezuzah is invalid according to most authorities38."

I am under the impression that, if written carefully (not verbatim), a brief summary of any copyrighted text is not going to be a copyright violation, and thus would be good enough here. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 199.71.174.100 (talk) 08:19, 2004 August 10 (UTC)

title: Talk:Duchsustus


text:
Storm (disambiguation)

A storm is a severe weather condition.

Storm(s) or The Storm may also refer to:

Places

 * Storm Bay, Tasmania, Australia
 * Storm Mountain (disambiguation)
 * Storm Peak, Ross Dependency, Antarctica
 * Storms, Ohio, a community in the United States
 * Storms River, South Africa
 * Minor planet 12182 Storm

People

 * Storm (given name)
 * Storm (surname)
 * Storms (surname)
 * nickname of Storm Davis (born 1961), American retired Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Storm (rapper) or Donna Harkness, member of American hip hop group Outlawz

Fictional characters

 * Storm (comics), several comic book characters
 * Storm (Marvel Comics), a Marvel Comics superhero
 * Storm the Albatross, a character in the Sonic the Hedgehog franchise video games and comics
 * Storm 2, a fighting robot that competed in Robot Wars
 * Serge A. Storms, the main character in most of Tim Dorsey's novels

Films

 * Storms (film), a 1953 French-Italian film starring Jean Gabin
 * Storm (1954 film), a French-Italian drama film
 * Storm (1987 film), starring Stan Kane
 * Storm (1999 film), starring Luke Perry and Martin Sheen
 * Storm, a 2002 documentary on snow-skiing by Warren Miller
 * Storm (2005 film), a Swedish fantasy-thriller
 * Storm (2009 film), a political thriller by Hans-Christian Schmid
 * The Final Storm (film) (2009), directed by Uwe Boll with the working title The Storm
 * The Storm (1916 film), a silent film starring Blanche Sweet
 * The Storm (1922 film), a silent northwoods melodrama
 * The Storm (1930 film), starring Lupe Velez
 * The Storm (1933 film), a Soviet film
 * The Storm (1938 film), an American action film
 * The Storm (2009 film), a Dutch film about the North Sea flood of 1953

Games

 * Storm (2013 video game), a puzzle platform game developed by indiePub
 * Storm: Frontline Nation, a 2011 turn-based strategy video game
 * Storm, an upcoming video game developed by Overkill Software

Literature

 * Storm (Angler novel), a 2013 novel by Evan Angler
 * Storm (Stewart novel), a 1941 novel by George Rippey Stewart
 * Storm (novella), a 1985 children's book by Kevin Crossley-Holland
 * The Storm (Buechner novel), a 1998 novel by Frederick Buechner
 * The Storm (Cussler and Brown novel), a 2012 mystery novel by Clive Cussler and Graham Brown
 * The Storm (Daniel Defoe), a 1704 account of a hurricane in Britain
 * "The Storm" (short story), by Kate Chopin
 * "The Storm" (Utterson short story), by Sarah Elizabeth Utterson
 * The Storm (Ostrovsky), sometimes translated as The Thunderstorm, a drama in five acts
 * The Storm (Strindberg), one of Strindberg's chamber plays
 * "Storm", a pro-science beat poem by Tim Minchin

Music

 * The Storm (Tchaikovsky), an overture

Groups

 * Storm (British band), a duo featuring James McNally and Tom McManamon
 * Storm (German band), a late-1990s Trance duo
 * Storm (Norwegian band), an early-1990s metal band
 * The Storm (American band), a 1990s rock band
 * The Storm (Danish band), a pop/rock band

Albums

 * Storm (Assemblage 23 album) (2004)
 * Storm (Heather Nova album) (2003)
 * Storm (Skazi album) (2002)
 * Storm (Theatre of Tragedy album) (2006)
 * Storm (Vanessa-Mae album) (1998)
 * Storms (Nanci Griffith album) (1988)
 * Storms (Hedley album) (2011)
 * Celtic Thunder: Storm, a 2011 album
 * Da Storm, a 1996 album by O.G.C.
 * The Storm (Karnataka album) (2000)
 * The Storm (Moving Hearts album) (1985)
 * The Storm (Travis Tritt album) (2007)
 * The Storm (Tech N9ne album) (2016)
 * The Storm (ZZ Ward album) (2017)
 * The Storm, a reggae album from 1994 with The Gladiators

Songs

 * "Storm" (Lenny Kravitz song), 2004
 * "Storm" (Luna Sea song), 1998
 * "Storm" (Theatre of Tragedy song), 2006
 * "Storm" (SuRie song), 2018
 * "Storm" (Victor Crone song), 2019
 * "Storms" (Fleetwood Mac song), 1979
 * "Running Through the Fire (Storm)", originally called "Storm", a 2010 single by Anika Moa
 * "Everything We Need", originally called "The Storm", a 2019 song by Kanye West
 * "Storm", a song by Godspeed You! Black Emperor from Lift Your Skinny Fists Like Antennas to Heaven
 * "Storm", a song by Lifehouse from Who We Are
 * "Storm", a song by Saliva from Back into Your System
 * "The Storm" (Notaker song), 2018
 * "The Storm", a song by Big Country from The Crossing
 * "The Storm", a song by Blackmore's Night from Fires at Midnight
 * "The Storm", a song by Fat Mattress from Fat Mattress II, 1970
 * "The Storm", a song by Jim Reeves
 * "The Storm", a song by Kitt Wakeley featuring Starr Parodi from An Adoption Story, 2022
 * "The Storm", a song by Poco from Inamorata
 * "The Storm (Outro)", a song by Tinashe from Aquarius
 * "The Storm", a story track from 1993 album Stories and Songs: The Adventures of Captain Feathersword the Friendly Pirate by The Wiggles

Television

 * The Storm (miniseries), a 2009 science fiction miniseries
 * "Storm" (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit), 2005
 * "The Storm" (The Amazing World of Gumball), 2013
 * "The Storm" (Avatar: The Last Airbender episode), 2005
 * "The Storm" (Modern Family), 2016
 * "The Storm" (Stargate Atlantis), 2004
 * "The Storm" (The Walking Dead), 2019

Other uses in arts and entertainment

 * A Storm, a 1922 painting by Georgia O'Keeffe
 * The Storm (painting), by Pierre Auguste Cot
 * The Storm (Fragonard) (also known as The Stalled Cart or Wagon in the Mud), a 1759 painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard
 * Storm (Don Lawrence), a comic book series

Brands and enterprises

 * Storm (ice cream), a dessert sold at Hungry Jack's fast food restaurants
 * Storm (soft drink), made by PepsiCo
 * Beretta Cx4 Storm, a pistol-carbine gun
 * BlackBerry Storm, a smartphone
 * Storm Aircraft, an Italian manufacturer
 * Storm Financial, a defunct Australian company
 * Storm Management, a British model agency
 * The Storm (radio station), UK
 * Storm Products, American manufacturer of bowling equipment

Computing and science

 * Storm (software), an SQL object-relational mapper
 * Apache Storm, a distributed realtime computing system
 * Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, or STORM, a light imaging technique
 * Storm botnet

Land vehicles

 * AIL Storm, an off-road vehicle used by Israeli security forces
 * Geo Storm, a sport compact car
 * Lister Storm, a British racing car first manufactured in 1993
 * San Storm, an Indian sports car manufactured
 * Storms (automobile), an electric cycle-car

Military

 * HMS Storm (P233), a Royal Navy Second World War submarine
 * HNoMS Storm, any of various Royal Norwegian Navy torpedo and patrol boats
 * Operation Storm, a Croatian military operation
 * Storm-class patrol boat, formerly built for the Royal Norwegian Navy

Australia

 * Melbourne Storm, an Australian rugby league team
 * Sydney Storm (1992–1999), a defunct Australian Baseball League team, originally the Sydney Blues

Hockey

 * Campbell River Storm, a junior "B" ice hockey team in British Columbia
 * Deseronto Storm, a junior ice hockey team in Ontario
 * Grande Prairie Storm, a junior ice hockey team in Alberta
 * Guelph Storm, a major junior ice hockey team in Ontario
 * Kamloops Storm, a junior ice hockey team in British Columbia
 * Simcoe Storm, a Canadian junior ice hockey team

Other sports

 * Durham Storm (1998–2005), a defunct soccer team in Ontario
 * Island Storm, a basketball team in Prince Edward Island

Germany

 * Karlsruhe Storm, a German lacrosse team

Norway

 * Bergen Storm, an American football team in Norway
 * Storms BK, a Norwegian association football club

United Kingdom

 * Derby Storm (1984–2002), a former British Basketball League team
 * Manchester Storm (1995–2002), a British former ice hockey team
 * Manchester Storm (2015–), a British ice hockey team
 * Western Storm, a women's cricket team based in South West England

American football

 * Portland Storm (1973–1975), a defunct World Football League team
 * Sioux Falls Storm, an indoor football team
 * Tampa Bay Storm, an arena football team

Baseball and softball

 * Lake Elsinore Storm, a minor league baseball team
 * Chicago Storm (softball), a professional softball team, 1977–78

Basketball

 * Oklahoma Storm (1990–2007), a defunct United States Basketball League team
 * Seattle Storm, a WNBA basketball team

Hockey

 * Toledo Storm (1991–2007), a defunct minor league ice hockey team
 * Tri-City Storm, a Tier 1 junior ice hockey team

Lacrosse

 * Anaheim Storm (2004–2005), a defunct National Lacrosse League team
 * New Jersey Storm (2002–2003), a defunct National Lacrosse League team

Soccer

 * Boston Storm (soccer) (1994–1995), a defunct USISL team
 * Buffalo Storm (1984), a defunct USL soccer team
 * California Storm, a women's soccer team, originally the Sacramento Storm (1995)
 * Memphis Storm (1986–1994), a defunct AISA and USISL soccer team
 * New Orleans Storm (1993–1999), a defunct USISL soccer team, originally named the New Orleans Riverboat Gamblers
 * Seattle Storm (soccer) (1984–1995), a defunct soccer team
 * St. Louis Storm (1989–1992), a defunct Major Indoor Soccer League team

Schools

 * The Storm, the athletics teams of Simpson College, Indianola, Iowa
 * Storm, the athletics teams of Celebration High School in Celebration, Florida
 * Storm, the athletics teams of Crown College, St. Bonifacius, Minnesota
 * Storm, the athletics teams of Keuka College, Keuka Park, New York
 * Lake Erie Storm, the athletics teams of Lake Erie College, Painesville, Ohio

Other uses

 * Save the Oak Ridges Moraine (STORM), a Canadian environmental organization
 * The Storm (conspiracy theory), put forward by QAnon

title: Storm (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Golden age of arcade video games

Markoff 1981 reference
I found it in the PC game article. Having read it, I'm not sure it applies here. Nczempin (talk) 21:33, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
 * I agree. That article is not talking about an emerging home computer and home console market spurred by arcade games; it is discussing how the success of both arcades and home consoles has led to a large influx of companies introducing similar products.  I am taking this out. Indrian (talk) 22:03, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure what you mean. I was referring to a link that was inadvertedly copied from the PC game article, where it is references several times and the additional times just use the name. Somehow just the name version got copied over, along with another reference (presumably the one you deleted). I had already removed the orphan. I didn't check the other reference, which was formally correct. Nczempin (talk) 22:14, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Well, it's clear to me now that you simply removed wholesale the text that User:Jagged 85 had just added. Since that text has been taken mostly from PC game, if you're really convinced then you should remove either remove it from that article too or perhaps restore it and bring it up for discussion (if Jagged 85 disagrees with the removal). I was merely correcting a technical error, don't consider this in any way to be justification for removing said part. I don't care either way, but I'd prefer it if one editor wouldn't simply revert another, especially when both have been working on the article for what looks like a pretty long time. Perhaps you can suggest a better way to phrase what has been added, or do you simply disagree wholesale? Nczempin (talk) 22:32, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Now I see. I thought there was only one reference there, the Black Enterprises article, and did not realize that you were actually eliminating a separate miscopied reference from Info World.  I thought you were therefore referring to the Black Enterprises article not being applicable.  While I was confused about your point, however, I stand by mine.  The Black Enterprises article does not say what Jagged claimed, namely that a successful arcade industry in this period led to a thriving home console and home computer industry as well.  The article actually states that because both the arcade and home markets were already thriving, more and more companies were getting involved in the business in 1982.  Therefore, the statement I removed does not properly represent the cited source.  If the language at PC game is the same as you say, I will remove it there also. Indrian (talk) 22:48, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Ok, so I looked at PC Games, and the context there is a little different, so I just tweaked the language. The article does state that home companies capitalized on popular games, but it says nothing about companies achieving their commercial success by taking advantage of cloning.  Note that I am not saying this is untrue, as most of the home computer game and third-party console companies of the period owed much of their success to licensed or cloned concepts from the arcades.  Its just that the source being used did not actually state this fact.  A different source is needed to make that point. Indrian (talk) 22:56, 28 June 2012 (UTC)

 * Actually, the source specifically states that the home video game industry (including consoles and computers) is "an outgrowth of the widespread popularity of video arcades." But you're right that it doesn't specifically refer to arcade ports or clones, though it does imply it in the best-sellers table, where many of the games are arcade ports/clones. Nevertheless, that part might need some re-wording. Jagged 85 (talk) 13:29, 23 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I concur that your change is a fair reading of the source. Again, its not that I think you are wrong, its just that I want to make sure the article reflects exactly what the source is saying. Indrian (talk) 17:43, 23 July 2012 (UTC)

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A potential area to cover
As I have touched on improving the International Video Game Hall of Fame article, there is something I see from that that could be touched on here, specifically on the rise of "celebrity" high score chasers, Twin Galaxies, and the like, which started ca. 1982. Importantly, and I don't see how to necessarily include it yet, but there's a LIFE magazine photo take on Nov 1982 in Ottumwa Iowa of the first known arcade game competition which is said to be likened to the video game industries' "Sgt. Peppers" image. (eg a way to include it under NFC). But that area about score-chasing needs to be established a bit better before that, and I'm not sure best on sourcing. --M ASEM (t) 20:43, 1 February 2017 (UTC)

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Orphaned references in Golden age of arcade video games
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Golden age of arcade video games's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "Williams": From Arcade game:  From Action game:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 06:10, 26 May 2021 (UTC)

POV tag
You added a POV tag back in April, but without anything in your edit summary nor anything on the talk page. What exactly is the POV problem here? If nothing directly is cited as problematic, I'd be inclined to remove the tag. Flip side, I see that banned editor Maestro edited the article a bunch in 2021, so... not sure if anyone actually inspected his contributions to see if he was doing his thing of, uh, liberally interpreting the source material / making stuff up.

While we're here, I'm not sure I see the point of the globalize tags added earlier, either. Maybe the article should just be more clear it's largely on the North American market (and European / Australian to a lesser degree), with a see also to Video games in Japan or some spin-off article that doesn't exist yet like Arcades in Japan. SnowFire (talk) 17:33, 6 November 2023 (UTC)

 * Ok, I am fairly inexperienced with Wikipedia editing compared to others, so I may have misinterpreted something and thought that tag was needed. I am fine if the tag is removed. NintendoTTTEfan2005 (talk) 19:32, 6 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Golden age of arcade video games


text: File:Hugh Duffy Baseball.jpg

title: File:Hugh Duffy Baseball.jpg


text:
User:Nelson castaneda~enwiki

INFORMATICA MAPAS MENTALES '''

title: User:Nelson castaneda~enwiki


text: User talk:65.2.154.44

title: User talk:65.2.154.44


text:
Schnauzer

A Schnauzer (, ; plural Schnauzer, ; lit. 'snouter') is a dog breed type that originated in Germany from the 14th to 16th centuries. The term comes from the German word for "snout" and means colloquially "moustache", or "whiskered snout", because of the dog's distinctively bearded snout. Initially it was called Wire-Haired Pinscher, while Schnauzer was adopted in 1879.

Breeds
There are three breeds: the Standard, the Giant, and the Miniature. Toy and teacup are not breeds of Schnauzer, but these common terms are used to market undersized or ill-bred Miniature Schnauzers. The original Schnauzer was of the same size as the modern Standard Schnauzer breed and was bred as a rat-catcher and guard dog. The Giant Schnauzer and the Miniature Schnauzer were developed from the Standard Schnauzer and are the result of outcrosses with other breeds exhibiting the desirable characteristics needed for the Schnauzer's original purpose. By the VDH and FCI Schnauzer is placed in "Group 2, Section 1: Pinschers and Schnauzers", with "Nr. 181, 182 and 183" in "Section 1.2: Schnauzer" dedicated to all three Schnauzer breeds.

 * Standard Schnauzers (also known as Mittelschnauzers) are around 1.5 ft tall at the shoulder and weigh 30 to 45 lb. They are in the group of working dogs, bred as multifunctional dogs to catch rats and other rodents, as livestock and guard dogs, and later they have also carried messages in times of war, helped the Red Cross and been police dogs. It is considered to have a common ancestry with the German Pinscher as a wire-haired coated variant of the Pinscher breed, and was possibly crossed with black German Poodle and gray Wolfspitz, to which influence is attributed the black soft coat and the salt-and-pepper gray wiry coat.
 * Giant Schnauzers (also known as Riesenschnauzers) are around 2 ft tall at the shoulder and weigh between 55 and 80 lb. They are working dogs that were developed in Swabia in the 17th century, once known as the Munich Schnauzer, originally bred to drive livestock to market and guard farms, and later used as police and military dogs. The cynologists believe that the Giant Schnauzer was developed independently through crosses of black Great Danes, Munchener German Shepherds, Rottweilers, Dobermans, Boxers, Bouvier des Flandres, Thuringian Shepherds, and the Standard Schnauzer.
 * Miniature Schnauzers (also known as Zwergschnauzers) are around 1 ft tall at the shoulder and weigh between 14 and 20 lb. They were developed since the late 19th century, and the cynologists consider that the Miniature Schnauzer is the result of crossing the original Standard Schnauzer with a smaller breed like the Affenpinscher, and Miniature Poodle.  The Miniature Schnauzer is classified as a utility (UK, Australia, New Zealand) or terrier group (U.S., Canada), however, they are not related to the terrier group as do not have the typical terrier temperament, coat, shape of head and body. The American Kennel Club (AKC) approves salt-and-pepper gray, black, and black and silver as acceptable coat colors for a Miniature Schnauzer. They are also bred in pure white or even parti-colored, but neither is approved by the AKC. In 2004, the Miniature Schnauzer accounted for 2.4% of proportion of purebred dogs registered by the AKC.

Genetics
In a 2004, population genetics study of 85 purebred dogs, which used cluster-based methods with four identified genetic clusters, all three Schnauzer breeds structurally mostly clustered within "recent European descent, largely terriers and hounds" cluster, with a smaller percent within "working breeds" and "mastiff-type breeds" clusters, while the "Asian breeds/ancient hounds and spitz-type breed" cluster was present among Giant Schnauzers. In a 2007 Collie eye anomaly study of 638 dogs from 132 distinct breeds, with five specimens of each Schnauzer breed size, in the population structure of the microsatellite analysis they mostly clustered in the "hunting group" rather than the "mastiff/terrier group". In a 2010 GWAS study using more than 48,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 915 dogs from 85 breeds, Standard and Giant Schnauzers made a separate phylogenetic tree branch clustered among "modern" breeds (e.g., "working dogs"), and not the "small terrier"/"mastiff-terrier" cluster, sharing genetic closeness with the Doberman Pinscher, the German Shepherd Dog and the Portuguese Water Dog.

In the most recent 2017 WGS study of 1,346 dogs from 161 breeds, Standard and Miniature Schnauzers made one separate phylogenetic clade of 23 clades and formed a unique broader clade in which they share common ancestry with spitz-type breeds such as the American Eskimo Dog, the Pomeranian and the Volpino Italiano, as well as the Schipperke, the Papillon, the Brussels Griffon and the Pug. Although the Giant Schnauzer shares a haplotype with the other two Schnauzer breeds, it made a phylogentic node in a separate clade, sharing common ancestry with the Black Russian Terrier, the Rottweiler and the Doberman Pinscher. In another 2017 WGS study researching the genetic variants for the development of short tails among dog breeds, the sampled (Miniature) Schnauzer and Rottweiler have "short tail phenotype caused by the unknown genetic factors" and "are predicted to have developed short tail independently".

Description
The breed is of above average intelligence and can be independent minded, so early training and diverse daily exercise are recommended. Based on Stanley Coren's book The Intelligence of Dogs (2006) ranking methodology, the Miniature ranked 12th, Standard 18th, and Giant 28th out of 140 breeds within 79 ranks on the ability to learn and obey new commands, e.g., working and obedience intelligence. The first two were grouped among "excellent working dogs", while the Giant among "above-average working dogs". Additionally, experts ranked the Miniature as 5th among top 15 breeds at watchdog barking ability, the Giant as 6th among top 13 breeds at effective guard ability, while in adaptive intelligence all three breeds showed good problem-solving abilities. They are protective and energetic, and will alert members of the household to any potential danger, although its watchful nature can lead to persistent barking. To avoid annoying the neighbors, dog owners should make every effort to curb excessive barking through training.

Schnauzers have distinctive beards and long, feathery eyebrows. They are generally either a salt and pepper colour, black, or white, but they can be brown also. Some owners shave their Schnauzers down the back while the hairs on their legs are kept long and curly, but this may change the coat colour, so show Schnauzers especially will have their back coat "stripped" by hand, to encourage the salt and pepper pattern to emerge. It was traditional to have the tails docked and the ears cropped to give an alert appearance, but in many countries it is now illegal. For working dogs that are ratters, these procedures don't give the rat anything to grab on to when being attacked and therefore cannot fight back. Cropping and docking are now illegal in the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, and are becoming less common elsewhere. The Schnauzer's beard and leg hair should be brushed often to prevent mats from forming.

Schnauzers have a double coat. The top or guard coat is wiry and water-resistant, while the undercoat is soft. Stripping removes the undercoat and stimulates the hard top coat to come in fuller. The undercoat may be "stripped" (loose, dead hair is plucked) at least twice a year. A stripped Schnauzer will have a hard wiry coat as described in the breed standard. A shaved pet will lose the wiry top coat and only exhibit the soft undercoat. Schnauzers shed less often than most dogs.

Health
Schnauzers are prone to hepatobiliary disease. One study found the schnauzer to be 8.06 times more likely to acquire a reversive hepatocelluar injury (liver damage secondary to an endocrinopathy such as Cushing's syndrome and hypothyroidism), 10.7 times more likely to acquire impaired hepatic perfusion, and 16.29 times more likely to acquire gall bladder mucocele.

title: Schnauzer


text:
Talk:Fay Wray

Walk of Fame
Some of the news stories are saying that she has a star on Canada's Walk of Fame, I couldn't find her on the website so I went down there and checked. I believe the presentation was put off to november, Dhodges 00:27, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC)

I'm sticking with "scheduled to receive" regarding her star. People are probably wondering why some guy keeps wandering around King street/ Roy Thomson Hall area with his head down. I'm looking for the star.Dhodges 13:58, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Citizenship
Was she a Canadian when she died or did she become a U.S. citizen?

So we will assume that she is a US citizen, but that she didn't keep her Canadian citizenship?? How did that come to be? Legally she was also a British Subject and if she did specifically renounce Canadian citizen at some point of which there would be a record, she was still a Canadian citizen and British subject when she died. It's all about the birth place, at that time, as it is today, she would be a Canadian citizen. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:603:100:9E:A1FC:94D2:3F28:2492 (talk) 20:39, 22 June 2016 (UTC)

Given that she was three when the family moved i'd say its safe to assume she was a U.S citizen. Dhodges 23:49, 10 Aug 2004 (UTC) Based on what?? If she did become an American citizen there would be records, even being born to American parents in another country requires a certificate of American born abroad to be applied for. Otherwise she is Canadian and a British subject.

Her parents were American, and moved to Canada in pursuit of economic opportunity. They only lived in Alberta for a few years. According to the (Calgary) newspaper accounts at the time of her death, she was the only one of her family to be born in Canada. She never lived in Canada after the age of three, and one has to wonder if she ever even established Canadian citizenship.--Patricia Reed

Ummm.. Seriously?? She was born there! That is her country of birth! And unless she applied for citizenship in the US and there would be a record, she would be a Canadian and British subject and unless she filed to renounce her citizenship of which there is no record she remained a Canadian citizen and British subject until her death. Sorry, but you might want to read up on the legal aspects of what you are talking about!

She was born a Canadian citizen to an American mother and a British father. She never renounced her Canadian citizenship and she remained one until her death. In fact, her Canadian citizenship was her only citizenship for the first 26 years of her life. Daystrom (talk) 01:39, 4 October 2021 (UTC)

@ Patricia Reed, you wrote, "She never lived in Canada after the age of three, and one has to wonder if she ever even established Canadian citizenship."

Canada, like the United States, recognizes the principle of unrestricted jus soli, meaning 'right of soil', which means that _any_ child born in Canada is a de facto, Canadian citizen. There is no need to "establish" anything; Miss Wray became a Canadian citizen upon drawing her first breath. Daystrom (talk) 20:08, 18 February 2022 (UTC)

Scream
Wray's scream: It has been disputed her screams were dubbed by someone else, and I noted this in the article. It is NOT a fact Julie Haydon dubbed Wray's screams, and there is considerable evidence Wray did them herself.--Susan Nunes
 * I read somewhere years ago that Faye Dunaway had done away with a faded Fay Wray. I thought that was a scream. It's taken me 16 years to write something really irrelevant. Sorry! --SergeWoodzing (talk) 20:01, 27 February 2022 (UTC)

Alberta, Arizona?
The way this is written, it sounds like she lived in a town named Alberta in Arizona. Could someone please clarify this? If she lived in Alberta and Arizona and Salt Lake, perhaps it could be written as "Alberta, Canada; Arizona; and Salt Lake City, Utah". If she lived in a town in Arizona named Alberta, the link to the Alberta, Canada page should be taken out. --76.179.55.195 18:51, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

Cultural references
Why was the entire "Cultural references" section deleted at 10:32 on 27 September 2009? -- Codrdan (talk) 16:17, 30 September 2009 (UTC)

Rocky Horror
The Fray Wray article has a content error. The reference to Fay Wray in the Rocky Horror Picture Show song "I'm Coming Home" is an error. The Rocky Horror Picture Show has no such song title although it does have one titled "I'm Going Home".

Fay Wray is referenced by name in two Rocky Horror songs. At the start in "Science Fiction/Double Feature" and again near the end in "Don't Dream It" with the RKO radio tower as a backdrop.

This information can be referenced on Rockymusic.org. 66.19.243.113 13:40, 13 June 2007 (UTC)TGeorge
 * Thanks, I've made the change as requested. -- MisterHand 13:59, 13 June 2007 (UTC)

Appearance on Perry Mason
Fay Wray also appeared in Season 3 of The Perry Mason Show. She played Betty in The Case of the Watery Witness which first appeared on 10/10/1959SandyMike (talk) 13:16, 29 August 2008 (UTC) <2008, CBS Studios Inc. Paramount Pictures. www.paramount.com/homecentertainment>

Rose of Washington Square
Just thought I'd mention that she starred in this movie with Tyrone Power and it was a movie that showed off her talents more. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.104.232.72 (talk) 13:47, 6 May 2013 (UTC)

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Final public appearance
Original text was: "Her final public appearance was at an after-party at Sardi's restaurant in New York City, following the premiere of the documentary film Broadway: The Golden Age, by the Legends Who Were There.", with comment "IMDB does not count as a reliable source per WP:RS rules". Reference to after-party can only be found (in an on-line only search) at IMDB: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0303797/mediaviewer/rm1382191872/ (in caption to Photo by Donna S. Aceto, 2004). So that reference was removed from the text. --Uxh (talk) 23:57, 27 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fay Wray