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Terry Mosher

Christopher Terry Mosher, (born 11 November 1942) is a Canadian political cartoonist for the Montreal Gazette. He draws under the name Aislin, a rendition of the name of his eldest daughter Aislinn (without the second 'n'). Aislin's drawings have also appeared in numerous international publications, such as Punch, The Atlantic Monthly, Harper's, National Lampoon, Time, The Washington Star, The New York Times and the Canadian edition of The Reader's Digest. According to his self-published website, as of 2020, he is the author of 51 books.

Life and career
Born in Ottawa, Ontario, Mosher attended fourteen different schools in Montreal, Toronto and Quebec City, graduating from the École des Beaux-arts in 1967. He famously won entrance to this fine arts college (now part of UQAM) by forging his high-school graduation certificate, which he called his most successful work. During his summers as a student, Mosher started drawing cartoons, "portraits of American tourists" on the cobbled stone streets of Quebec City. After graduating with a Bachelors of Arts degree, rather than paint, Mosher decided to continue to draw and become a political cartoonist. He has admitted that he knew little about his chosen trade, and the lack of historical books about Canadian political cartooning made the transition a challenge. However, he adapted quickly, and in 1969, he was appointed official cartoonist of The Montreal Star, one of two Montreal English-language newspapers. He moved to the Montreal Gazette in 1972.

Mosher began his career during a period of political change in Canadian and Quebec history. In 1967, Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson stepped down as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, and Pierre Elliott Trudeau assumed its leadership, becoming the 15th Prime Minister of Canada. In the fall of 1970, Montreal found itself in the middle of what is known as the October Crisis, in which the pro-sovereigntist group Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped and killed Pierre Laporte, a senior Quebec cabinet minister. The Federal Government, led by Pierre Trudeau, invoked the War Measures Act, thereby suspending civil rights and liberties. In 1976, the Parti Québécois, a sovereigntist party, was elected for the first time in Quebec history. These events gave Mosher "a phenomenal, sort of varied experience, to be drawing material on all of these different matters".

Mosher published his first ever cartoon in September 1967, a drawing of Charles de Gaulle in the Saturday Night magazine. His first cartoon published in a newspaper (The Montreal Star) was on 10 December 1967. It was about a police raid of an African entertainment group that had been rumoured to have gone topless. Since December 1967, he has published over 13,000 editorial cartoons.

A cartoon that Mosher himself describes as "probably the best remembered of any cartoon I’ve drawn" is one depicting the newly elected Premier of Quebec, René Lévesque, holding his customary cigarette, saying, “ O.K. Everybody Take a Valium!” reflecting the Anglophone community's angst towards their future in the province. The cartoon was drawn on the night when the pro-sovereigntist Parti Québecois won the 1976 election.

Mosher's cartoons have evolved over time and, with the evolution of the internet, he has been concentrating on the appearance of drawings in the virtual format rather than print: "I draw cartoons now, not how it will look in the newspaper, but how it will look on the screen".

Mosher has partnerships not only with newspapers but with a board game and bookstore as well. Mosher famously turned down shares in the board game Trivial Pursuit for which he provided the original artwork. The co-inventor, Chris Haney, gave Mosher a choice: $1,000 or shares. Mosher took the cash. He also provided a cartoon for the logo of a Montreal bookstore, Paragraphe Bookstore.

Mosher and fellow Montreal cartoonist Serge Chapleau were the subject of a 2003 documentary film, Nothing Sacred, directed by Garry Beitel.

Exhibitions
In 1997, Mosher's work was presented in the McCord Museum of Montreal alongside fellow cartoonist Serge Chapleau's work. The Cartoon Calamities! a 2012 exhibition covering 150 years of current events through the drawings of Quebec cartoonists including Aislin.

In 2017, the McCord Museum presented another exhibition, Aislin: 50 Years of Cartoons, celebrating 50 of Mosher's best political cartoons spanning 50 years from 1967 to 2017. The exhibition was not only a showcase of his work, but also an introduction to Montreal, Quebec, and Canadian political history. The exhibition was divided into five main themes: A Changing Society, which showcased a Leonard Cohen cartoon; Quebec and Canadian Politics, which concentrated on political events such as the election of the Parti Québecois, and the Quebec referendums on sovereignty; Montreal Mayors, focusing on Jean Drapeau and 1976 Montreal Olympics; First Ministers, detailing political leaders such as Pierre Trudeau, Réné Levesque, Brian Mulroney and Justin Trudeau; and finally, Montreal Life, showcasing cartoons reflecting Montreal's joie de vivre.

In late 2017, Mosher had another exhibition at the Ottawa City Hall Art Gallery where his cartoons were presented. The exhibition was titled Terry Mosher- From Trudeau to Trudeau: Fifty Years of Aislin Cartoons.

Personal life and philanthropy
Mosher has two daughters, Aislinn and Jessica, who are both McGill University graduates.

Mosher's love for baseball led him to be part of the Baseball Writers' Association of America.

Mosher has had a long association with the Old Brewery Mission, Montreal's largest shelter for the homeless, and in 2001, was appointed to the institution's board of directors.

Honours and awards
Mosher is the recipient of two National Newspaper Awards and five individual prizes from the international Salon of Caricature. He was awarded President Emeritus by the Association of Canadian Cartoonists. In 1985, Mosher became the youngest person ever to be inducted into the Canadian News Hall of Fame. In 2002, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 2007, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Letters from McGill University. In 2012, he was inducted into the Canadian Cartoonist's Hall of Fame (aka The Giants of the North) in a ceremony in Toronto as part of the 8th Annual Doug Wright Awards for Canadian Cartooning. He received the Canadian Version of the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal in 2002. and the Canadian Version of the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2012.

In June 2018, Mosher was awarded an honorary doctorate from Concordia University.

Controversy
In 1993, MP Robert Layton denounced Aislan's cartoon depicting outgoing Prime Minister Brian Mulroney lying face down in the snow after having been tripped by a whistling Pierre Trudeau as "a crime against fundamental Canadian values of decency and mutual respect", making him the first political cartoonist censured in the House of Commons.

On 12 March 2010, Mosher drew a cartoon depicting a woman in a niqab with prison bars and a lock in place of her eyes. The cartoon was drawn in reference to a Montreal Muslim woman who refused to remove her niqab upon entering a French-language school and was asked to leave. Salem Elmenyawi, the president of the Muslim Council of Montreal, pointed out that he had made similar cartoons about women wearing a hijab. Elmenyawi explained that the cartoon creates an inaccurate depiction of women who wear niqabs by "not respecting the fact they tried to be true to the faith the way they understood it and the way they think it's right." Mosher defended his cartoon indicating that it is necessary to have more than just one view represented.

On 8 April 2020, Mosher posted a cartoon of Donald Trump with a swastika as his coat of arms. As a result of the extreme backlash towards the cartoon, the Montreal Gazette published a modified version of the cartoon without the swastika included in the emblem.

title: Terry Mosher


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User talk:Sleman

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title: User talk:Sleman


text:
Talk:Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo

In Germania Inferior
Instead of "clarification needed" simply include a link (note) to the Livia.org page listed as External Link below (where the rebellions and outbreaks of violence are detailed).

User: J.L. Nijholt 23:12, 6 June 2013 (UTC)82.170.58.37 (talk) 21:13, 6 June 2013 (UTC)

Untitled
This sentence is ambiguous "At Rhandea he laid down his diadem at the foot of the emperor's statue, promising not to resume it until he received it from the hand, of Nero himself in Rome. " Who is "he"? Corbulo? --LeeHunter 20:16, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes. --Panairjdde 09:00, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * NO! Tiridates of course. Why would Corbulo have a diadem?--Eupator 19:25, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

Sibling Longina
Could not find Suetonius' reference to a nephew of Longina. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Strijbosf (talk • contribs)

References to Corbulo in the Halo web series "Forward Unto Dawn."
In the series, UNSC cadets are being trained at the Corbulo Academy, and their battle cry is "Axios!" See http://halo.wikia.com/wiki/Corbulo_Academy_of_Military_Science
 * Correct, Axios is a Greek word which literally translates to "axes" but Corbulo proclaimed "Axios!" as he fell upon his own sword to prove his loyalty to the Roman Empire after Emperor Nero ordered him to do so. --Taylor.Bolton (talk) 23:09, 26 September 2023 (UTC)

Might want to add that as an external reference or use in popular media or something. Ileanadu (talk) 23:32, 26 October 2012 (UTC)

probally not worthy as a mention as in the webseries they later mention the refrence quoting the story of Corbula as the insperation for both name and battle cry.152.91.9.153 (talk) 21:06, 6 November 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo


text:
User talk:S2k2vidguy

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Gloria Allred

Gloria Rachel Allred ( Bloom; born July 3, 1941) is an American attorney known for taking high-profile and often controversial cases, particularly those involving the protection of women's rights. She has been inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.

Early life and education
Gloria Rachel Bloom was born in Philadelphia into a Jewish working-class family on July 3, 1941. Her father, Morris, worked as a salesman; her British-born mother, Stella, was a householder. After graduating from the Philadelphia High School for Girls, she attended the University of Pennsylvania, where she met her first husband, Peyton Huddleston Bray Jr. The couple had their only child, Lisa Bloom, on September 20, 1961, and divorced shortly after. Bloom is also an attorney and is best known as a former Court TV anchor.

Gloria Bloom moved back in with her parents and continued her education. In 1963, she earned a bachelor's degree in English, graduating with honors. Over strong objections from her professor, she wrote her honors thesis on black writers. She was employed in a number of occupations before she decided to become a teacher, taking a position at Benjamin Franklin High School. She began work on a graduate degree at New York University, where she became interested in the civil rights movement. After earning a master's degree, she became a teacher and, in 1966, moved to Los Angeles, where she resided in Watts. She worked for the Los Angeles Teachers Association and taught at Jordan High School and Fremont High School.

In her autobiography she describes how, during a vacation in Acapulco in 1966, she was raped at gunpoint. She discovered she was pregnant and sought an abortion. Abortion was illegal at the time, so Allred had a back-alley abortion. After undergoing the procedure, she began hemorrhaging and became infected, only recovering after being hospitalized. She did not report the rape, she said, because she did not think anyone would believe her.

In 1968, she married William Allred. She enrolled in Southwestern University School of Law and later transferred to Loyola University School of Law at the Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. Allred graduated and was admitted to the State Bar of California in 1975. Allred divorced her husband in 1987, retaining her married name.

Legal
In a legal career that has spanned five decades, Allred has represented a wide variety of clients in civil rights suits that have involved sexual harassment, women's rights, wrongful termination, and employment discrimination. The New Republic has called her "a longtime master of the press conference". She often takes high-profile cases, using press conferences and appearances on television to much effect. Allred has represented many clients in suits against celebrities, including those against Mötley Crüe drummer Tommy Lee, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Herman Cain, David Boreanaz, Scott Lee Cohen, Anthony Weiner, Sacha Baron Cohen, Esai Morales, and R. Kelly.

1970s and 1980s
Allred founded the firm Allred, Maroko, & Goldberg with fellow Loyola graduates Michael Maroko and Nathan Goldberg in January 1976. In 1979, Allred represented seven children and their parents in a lawsuit against the Sav-On Drugstore chain to stop the store from designating separate sections for boys' and girls' toys. In 1981, while California State Senator John G. Schmitz was presiding over hearings on outlawing abortion, Allred presented him with a chastity belt. Schmitz retaliated in a press release, calling her a "slick butch lawyeress". She sued him for libel, and eventually secured a settlement of $20,000 and an apology.

In 1985, Allred, along with Catharine MacKinnon, drafted a version of the Antipornography Civil Rights Ordinance for Los Angeles County. The legislation failed to pass the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. In 1987, Allred took on the then all-male Friars Club of Beverly Hills, an exclusive private club, over its membership discrimination policies. The Friars Club eventually allowed Allred and five other women to use the club's health facilities, after Allred displayed early skills in effective use of the media.

1990s
Allred wrote a letter to the Senate Ethics Committee in 1992 asking them to investigate the actions of Oregon Senator Bob Packwood, who had been the subject of a newspaper article that detailed his history of sexual harassment. She kept pressure on the Committee and urged Packwood to release his diaries. The Committee eventually voted for his expulsion, and he resigned.

In 1983, Allred represented lesbian activists Deborah Johnson and Zandra Rolón in their lawsuit against the owner of a Los Angeles restaurant, Papa Choux, after he denied them service in a booth reserved for "romantic couples". While the lower court denied the two an injunction based on unlawful discrimination, the appellate court reversed the decision in Rolon v. Kulwitzky (1984), finding that the restaurant's behavior was discrimination prohibited under the Los Angeles Municipal Code. Rather than serve LGBT couples, the restaurant decided to eliminate the booths altogether, and took out newspaper ads inviting the public to a "Wake for Romance" event.

In 1995, Allred represented 11-year-old Katrina Yeaw in Yeaw v. Boy Scouts of America, a suit against the Boy Scouts of America to determine whether the organization had the right to exclude girls from membership. That same year, she represented Nicole Brown Simpson's family during the O. J. Simpson murder trial. In August 1997, she represented model Kelly Fisher when she sued Dodi Fayed for allegedly breaking off their engagement to begin his highly publicized relationship with Diana, Princess of Wales. The suit was dropped not long after Diana and Fayed died in Paris that August.

Allred represented Melrose Place actress Hunter Tylo in 1997 when producer Aaron Spelling fired her because she was pregnant. A jury awarded Tylo $4.8 million. The case was important in establishing the rights of actors to continue work if they become pregnant.

2000s
After pop singer Michael Jackson held his son over a hotel balcony in Berlin in 2002, Allred wrote a letter to California's Child Protective Services, asking for an investigation into the safety of Jackson's children, and spoke on CNN about the subject. She also briefly represented Jordan Chandler in 1993 whose father had accused Jackson of sexual abuse. Allred also represented 18-year-old Daniel Kapon, who claimed that Jackson had molested him when he was a child. The Kapon case was dismissed because Kapon's father confirmed that Kapon had never met Jackson. Jackson, who an advisor said could be a bit paranoid, reportedly kept an "enemy list" on which Allred appeared, along with Rabbi Shmuley Boteach, illusionist Uri Geller, music executive Tommy Mottola, DA Tom Sneddon, and Janet Arvizo, mother of a Jackson accuser. The source of this allegation was Dieter Wiesner whom Jackson fired and who at that time was suing him for $64 million.

Later in 2002, Allred represented the family of Gwen Araujo, a transgender teen who was brutally beaten to death when it was learned that she had been assigned male at birth.

In 2004, Allred represented Amber Frey when Frey was a witness in the criminal case against Scott Peterson for the murder of his wife Laci Peterson. On February 24, 2004, Allred and her law firm, Allred, Maroko, and Goldberg, filed the first lawsuit in California challenging the denial of marriage licenses for same-sex couples as being unconstitutional. She took the case pro bono for Robin Tyler and Diane Olson and Rev. Troy Perry and his spouse Phillip Ray De Blieck. The case went to the California Supreme Court, where on May 15, 2008 she won a decision affirming the right of same-sex couples to marry in California. She represented three former Circuit City employees on behalf of a large plaintiff class in an age discrimination lawsuit against that company after it fired 3,400 workers nationwide in April 2007.

In a March 2008 complaint against the TSA, Allred represented a client who was given pliers and told to remove her nipple rings at a Lubbock, Texas, airport. In April 2008, it was reported that she had been hired by the family of the teenager who had been beaten and filmed by eight Florida teenagers. She also appeared on Today with Jessica Gibson, who was counter-suing Rob Lowe for sexual harassment.

On July 30, 2008, Allred filed a complaint with federal regulators against Downey Savings and Loan Association regarding check-cashing procedures. Marc Retmier, a 19-year-old US Navy Hospitalman, was killed in action in Afghanistan in June 2008. Downey Savings refused to immediately cash his family's military bereavement checks, and family members were compelled to seek funding elsewhere to pay for his funeral services.

In May 2009, Allred filed a suit arguing that Nadya Suleman was exploiting her octuplets. Allred asked for a court-appointed guardian, claiming that Suleman was not properly taking their interests into consideration. In December of the same year Allred was retained by Rachel Uchitel after media sources alleged that Uchitel had been having an affair with married golfer Tiger Woods. Allred also represented Joslyn James, a pornographic actress and Woods's alleged mistress.

2010s
On May 14, 2010, in a news conference held at Allred's office, English actress Charlotte Lewis alleged that director Roman Polanski had sexually abused her in his Paris apartment when she was 16. In June 2010, she was hired by Debrahlee Lorenzana, a former bank employee who had drawn wide public attention after alleging that she had been fired for being too attractive. In August 2010, Allred represented Jodie Fisher, whose sexual harassment claim revealed expense-account irregularities that led to the resignation of HP CEO Mark Hurd.

Allred was visible in the 2010 California gubernatorial race, going public as the lawyer for Nicky Diaz, a former domestic worker for Republican nominee Meg Whitman. Allred contended that Whitman employed Diaz for years while knowing that Diaz was an undocumented immigrant.

On April 27, 2011, Allred appeared at a press conference with the family of Justin Quinn, who was allegedly threatened at a San Francisco Giants baseball game by Braves coach Roger McDowell. Quinn had objected to McDowell's uttering of homophobic slurs and use of a baseball bat to simulate a sex act in the presence of his daughters.

On October 18, 2011, Allred won court approval to represent nine former cocktail waitresses who were fired from their jobs at Resorts Casino Hotel in Atlantic City, New Jersey after they "did not look good enough" in new uniforms modeled after 1920s-era Flapper outfits. Resorts had sought to bar Allred from the discrimination lawsuit, arguing in court papers that her "flamboyant and headline-grabbing antics" would add nothing to the case.

On March 9, 2012, Allred called for an investigation into whether radio host Rush Limbaugh should be prosecuted in Florida under a 19th-century law against "maliciously imputing to [any woman] a want of chastity" for derogatory remarks he made regarding Sandra Fluke, who testified before House Democrats to advocate for free birth control. Allred commented: "Mr. Limbaugh targeted his attack on a young law student who was simply exercised [sic] her free speech and her right to testify before congress on a very important issue to millions of American women and he vilified her. ... He needs to face the consequences of his conduct in every way that is meaningful." Allred did not represent Fluke or have contact with her at the time of her remarks nor did the prosecutor's office respond to request for comment.

Also in 2012, Allred took on the case of Jenna Talackova, a Canadian transgender woman who was challenging her disqualification from the Miss Universe Canada pageant for not being a "naturally born" female. The Miss Universe organization ultimately reversed its decision before the case proceeded to the courts. In June 2012 Allred confirmed that she was representing a former girlfriend of Rudy Eugene, the now-deceased cannibal of the 2012 Miami cannibalism incident.

On October 4, 2013, Allred was hired by the wife of critically injured motorcyclist Edwin Mieses, who was run over by Alexian Lien during the Hollywood Stuntz gang assault. Lien ran over Mieses with his SUV while Lien was being surrounded and threatened by Mieses and his motorcycle gang on Manhattan's West Side Highway. Fellow bikers later caught up with Lien and assaulted him. Allred told the press that Mieses, who suffered spinal injuries and two broken legs, was an "innocent victim" who was trying to "defuse the situation".

, Allred was representing at least 28 women who accuse Bill Cosby of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and/or other sexual misconduct. She also represented three women who accused Donald Trump of sexual misconduct—claims which Trump has denied, and which first arose during Trump's 2016 presidential campaign.

In 2017, former Allred client Kyle Hunter filed official complaints with both the State Bar of California and the District of Columbia Bar, alleging conflict of interest because Allred was in negotiations with CBS at the same time she was representing him in a lawsuit against CBS for employment discrimination. Allred issued a statement denying any wrongdoing and claiming the investigation was sparked by a failed extortion attempt.

On November 11, 2017, Allred held a press conference representing her client, Beverly Young Nelson, as Nelson made a statement alleging sexual assault by Roy Moore when she was 16.

In 2019, New York Times reporters Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey discussed the ways in which Allred and her firm profited from non-disclosure agreements that they negotiated, which silenced victims of sexual misconduct through "secret settlements" and "bur[ied] allegations of sexual harassment and assault". Allred's practice negotiated non-disclosures for a victim of Harvey Weinstein, and victims of Fox News host Bill O'Reilly and Olympics gymnastics physician Larry Nassar. Allred was vocal in her dislike of a proposed 2017 California bill that would ban non-disclosure clauses in agreements that silence victims of sexual harassment or assault.

2020s
In February 2020, Allred hired an American-style school bus to encourage Prince Andrew to respond to the FBI about the sexual misconduct allegations surrounding him. The school bus was covered with an advertisement and placed outside of Buckingham Palace, and included photographs of the Duke of York and a message urging him to answer questions surrounding the controversy.

In 2021, Allred represented several victims who accused R&B singer R. Kelly of sexually abusing them. After Kelly was convicted of sexual crimes in September 2021, Allred stated that Kelly was the worst sexual predator she had pursued in her 47-year law career.

In 2021, Allred represented Hannah Archuleta. In 2019, Dr. Phil allegedly pressured Archuleta's father to send her to the Turn-About Ranch in Utah, and at the ranch, Archuleta was allegedly groped and sexually assaulted repeatedly by a male staff member. A judge dismissed the lawsuit, and the show countersued for legal costs.

Entertainment
Allred co-hosted a radio talk show with Mark Taylor on KABC in Los Angeles for 14 years. She also served as a panelist on the 1990 revival of television game show To Tell the Truth. On March 28, 2000, Allred was parodied on the animated TV show Family Guy, by a character named "Gloria Ironbox", voiced by Candice Bergen, in an episode titled "I Am Peter, Hear Me Roar". Allred appears as herself in the 2001 film Rat Race. On May 21, 2001, she was parodied on The Simpsons episode "Behind the Laughter", portraying a lawyer at the family table for Lisa Simpson. On June 27, 2001, she was parodied on South Park's episode "Cripple Fight".

On September 12, 2011, Allred debuted into the courtroom television genre with We the People with Gloria Allred, a show using improv actors to reenact fictitious case scenarios. In April 2013, Allred appeared on the reality show RuPaul's Drag Race (episode "The Final Three, Hunty"), interviewing and advising the final three contestants on selling themselves as "America's Next Drag Superstar". On November 27, 2016, Allred appeared as herself on the Epix TV show Graves.

Political life
Allred founded (incorporated in 1978) and is currently president of the Women’s Equal Rights Legal Defense and Education Fund WERDLEF (Legal Momentum). In 1980, Allred held a fundraiser at Chippendales for WERLDEF.

Personal life
Allred and her first husband, Peyton Huddleston Bray, Jr., were married in 1960, and divorced in 1962. She and her second husband, William Allred, married in 1968 and divorced in 1987. Her only child, Lisa Bloom, was born in 1961.

Although she is Jewish, Allred does not consider herself particularly religious.

Criticism
Allred's public statements and behavior have resulted in criticism. In 2012, The Atlantic described her as "the ambulance chaser of feminism" after she defended two men involved in a sexual battery lawsuit against actor John Travolta. The Daily Beast journalist Tricia Romano also labeled her as a "publicity hound". The New Republic contributor Jeffrey Rosen also described Allred as "a longtime master of the press conference".

Allred's role, along with that of her daughter (attorney Lisa Bloom), in allegedly suppressing the voices of alleged victims of Harvey Weinstein was chronicled in Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey's 2019 book She Said: Breaking the Sexual Harassment Story That Helped Ignite a Movement.

Popular culture
In several episodes of musical comedy Glee, she was mentioned by character Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch) to be her lawyer.

In the 2001 film Rat Race, she first appeared after the character Blaine Cody (Vince Vieluf) was about to step on a shot glass for a purported insurance scam. Instead, a hotel guest slips on the glass and Gloria Allred announces "I saw the whole thing." Later in the film, character Enrico is run over by an ambulance driven by Zack, a medical supply driver; to the fear of the latter, Allred witnesses the accident and yells "I saw the whole thing". And tells Zack and Enrico to stay put, she'll be right there.

She also appeared in a brief fictional cameo as Lisa's lawyer in The Simpsons season 11 mockumentary episode, "Behind the Laughter".

In 2010, she was mentioned by Justin Bieber in the skit "Lonely Teacher" during Season 35 of Saturday Night Live.

In early 2018, Netflix debuted a documentary about the life and work of Allred, Seeing Allred, from directors Roberta Grossman and Sophie Sartain.

In Gilmore Girls (season 2 episode 22 at 18:08), Lorelai Gilmore refers to her when talking to Christopher on the porch.

title: Gloria Allred


text:
Talk:Edward MacDowell

Untitled
If I had known that people would attempt to expand this stub with text from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica, I would've never written the stub in the first place. Whatever the cultural impact of the 1911 EB may be, it is a lousy reference work to rely on. Just looking over the text for this article, I can spot one error: the mistaken claim that MacDowell destroyed his first eight Opuses. They were in fact published under a pseudonym. Dmetric 20:19, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Excised 1911 EB Text
MacDowell's father, an Irishman of Belfast, had emigrated to America shortly before the boy's birth. He had a varied education in music, first under Spanish-American teachers, and then in Europe, at Paris (Claude Debussy being a fellow pupil), Stuttgart, Wiesbaden and Weimar, where he was chiefly influenced by Joachim Raff and Franz Liszt. From 1879 to 1887 he lived in Germany, teaching and studying, and also appearing as solo pianist at important concerts. In 1884 he married Marian Nevins, of New York. In 1888 he returned to America, and settled in Boston till in 1896 he was made professor of music at Columbia University, New York. He resigned this post in 1904, and in 1905 overwork and insomnia resulted in a complete cerebral collapse.

Deeply influenced by modern French models and by German romanticism, full of poetry and atmosphere, and founded on the programme, idea of composition, it is essentially creative in the spirit of a searcher after delicate truths of artistic expression. His employment of touches of American folk-song, suggested by Indian themes, is, characteristic. This is notably the case with his orchestral Indian Suite (1896) and Woodland Sketches for the piano. His first concerto, in A minor, for piano and orchestra, and first pianoforte suite, were performed at Weimar in 1882. His works include orchestral suites and poems, songs, choruses, and various pieces for pianoforte, his own instrument; they are numbered from op. 9 to op. 62, his first eight numbered works being destroyed by him.

Insanity and syphilis
Re this edit, let me quote a para from Webster's New World Dictionary of Music (Nicolas Slonimsky, ed. Richard Kassel):
 * Through a combination of the trauma that resulted from this episode [a reference to the previous paragraph], an accident with a hansom, and the development of what was probably tertiary syphilis, MacDowell rapidly deteriorated mentally, showing signs of depression, extreme irritability, and gradual loss of vital functions, eventually lapsing into total insanity, spending the last 2 years of his life in a childlike state, unaware of his surroundings. A public appeal was launched to raise funds for his care (1906); among the signers were Parker, Herbert, Foote, Chadwick, F. Converse, A. Carnegie, J. P. Morgan and former President Cleveland.

So much for speculation, lack of documentation and lack of relevance. I've reverted the edit. -- JackofOz (talk) 22:42, 9 May 2008 (UTC)

comments on this by Prismsplay: "Insanity" is not a precise term. "Syphilis" is more precise, but it suggests a life style in MacDowell that has not been established as factual. The reason for MacDowell's mental deterioration has never been satifactorily explained. Therefore, to take one theory, such as the affects of syphilis, and to try to brand MacDowell with that, is unjustified. JackofOz's revision and comments supporting it suggest that JackofOz WANTS that to have been the case. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Prismsplay (talk • contribs) 03:48, 10 May 2008 (UTC)

 * No, it's not that he wants it to be the case. He's quite indifferent to it one way or another.  He's simply reporting what reputable commentators have said.  It may indeed not have been syphilis, but it has certainly long been speculated that it was syphilis, and there's no reason we can't report such speculation as long as we don't claim it's factual, which JackofOz's edit did not do.  --  JackofOz (talk) 05:47, 10 May 2008 (UTC)

 * I've read a lot on Edward MacDowell. He was the topic of my undergraduate thesis, and I never saw anything about syphilis. Most people commented that his degradation was most likely due to the carriage accident he had. Romantic Geek (talk) 16:08, 9 September 2010 (UTC)

better photo wanted
Finding the extensive rules about uploading files intimidating, I am requesting that someone familiar with rules and procedures upload a better photo of Edward MacDowell than the lousy one now shown. Normally anything presented by the Library of Congress is in the public domain. So I am requesting that the 1903 photo of MacDowell on a Library of Congress web page be used to replace the lousy one. Here is the website for the better photo: http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/macdowell/history/ Prismsplay (talk) 12:30, 10 May 2008 (UTC)

Recordings section
With several recordings of the two piano concertos (Centaur, Hyperion, Naxos, one deleted on Olympia along with the label, ...) and a complete(?) recording of the piano music on Naxos/Marco Polo released and (I believe) still available, for starters, it seems that the Recordings section is only a beginning. Will attempt to improve it. Schissel | Sound the Note! 01:49, 17 August 2009 (UTC)

Infobox
This humangous article is in need of an infobox, don't you all think?--Mishae (talk) 06:16, 20 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Not at all. How would it simplify his extraordinary career? -- Michael Bednarek (talk) 06:30, 20 May 2012 (UTC)
 * So, that means no (sigh)?--Mishae (talk) 09:50, 20 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Indeed. -- Michael Bednarek (talk) 12:12, 20 May 2012 (UTC)
 * I personaly believe that every composer suppose to have an infobox, just like any other article in this project. Why compose suppose to receive a "special privelege"?--Mishae (talk) 14:48, 20 May 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Edward MacDowell


text:
Talk:Airedale Terrier

Photos
Need better photos. There is one in this foreign-language wiki but I can't read the language & so don't know if it's a valid license. Elf | Talk 20:20, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * What do you want photos of?

 * This is an old request (Aug 2004); no longer applies. Photos are good. Thanks. Elf | Talk 19:43, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

Rather than a photo, unless you want to display the change in the Airedale terrier from its origins to its present look, what would be of more help would be a graphic of the breed standard, which probably could be obtained from one of the breed clubs(talk) 00:14, 56 September 28, 2007 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.49.93.6 (talk)

Wikipedia articles do not promote breed standards for dogs, as this would be a violation of our neutrality. Standards are often conflicting internationally, and making the value judgment that a dog that meets the standard is better is a distinct POV. Van Tucky  Talk 19:01, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

PLEASE REMOVE THE PICTURE OF THE AIREDALE THAT HAS A RETINA PROBLEM. - ALTHOUGH HE IS A VERY HANDSOME EXAMPLE OF THE BREED, THE PICTURE IS SADENING AND DISTURBING. AS A LOVER OF THE BREED, THAT IS VERY DEPRESSING, AND SINCE PEOPLE USE THIS WIKI LISTING TO LOOK UP THE DOG AS THEY CONSIDER THE BREED, IT DOES THE BREED A GREAT INJUSTICE TO UTILIZE THAT PIC AS A PART OF ANY REFERENCING ENCYCLOPEDIC EXAMPLE.

Move requested: Capitalization of dog breed names
From Requested moves:
 * Talk:Airedale Terrier - Airedale Terrier → Airedale terrier, and likewise for the 42 other articles in Category:Terriers. I don't think terrier is a proper noun in English, so it should properly be lowercased to follow Wikipedia convention. --Quuxplusone 7 July 2005 22:42 (UTC)
 * Nope, breed names are proper nouns & std per dog breeds project among others...see Talk:Airedale Terrier for details. Elf | Talk 8 July 2005 06:02 (UTC)

The most popular name for an male airedale is Dale and for a female it is Libby

Result: Voting closed (1 for, 3 oppose); no move to be done. Elf | Talk 01:01, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

Votes and discussions:

Can someone please explain why this article, and every single other article on terrier breeds, have capitalized "terrier"? As far as I know, terrier is not a proper noun in English, and in fact it's not capitalized in most of the articles' texts. I would like to see all the "Foo Terrier" articles moved to "Foo terrier," in keeping with Wikipedia conventions for article titles. --Quuxplusone 7 July 2005 22:39 (UTC)

 * Oppose. Like Washington Monument, Foo Terrier is a proper noun, even though monument and terrier are not.  Google on over to dog breeds terrier and you will see that terrier is consistently capitalized when naming a specific breed.  Dragons flight July 7, 2005 23:43 (UTC)

 * Oppose. See WikiProject Dog breeds various discussions & archives and List of dog breeds--decided quite a long time ago that names of breeds are proper nouns (most books, breed stds, kennel clubs, etc. also treat them that way) and that's the way it's done all thru wikipedia articles for breed names. If the breed name isn't capitalized in an article, it's an oversight.  Of course "terrier" by itself, as "hound", "dog", "spaniel", etc. by itself, is not capitalized, as it's not part of a proper breed name.   Elf | Talk 8 July 2005 05:56 (UTC)
 * Oh, yeah, so if you want to propose a different strategy for capitalization of dog breeds, the place to bring it up is at the dog breeds project, not here. And IF people were to agree to change for all dog breeds (which I think is unlikely), be prepared to make many thousands of edits throughout Wikipedia. :-)  Elf | Talk 8 July 2005 06:15 (UTC)

 * Oppose I couldn't find any relevant general discussion, but all-caps seems to be the standard at the Wikiproject and in titles of articles in Category:Dog breeds. Note that although the dog breeders' associations support this convention, in general writing I doubt that most authors would write this way (see my reference to the style guides below).  It may make sense to propose changing the convention (updating a thousand articles is no obstacle, we have unlimited time and volunteers), but for now let's remain consistent.  —Michael Z. 2005-07-12 19:52 Z

 * OK, I went digging and here's one discussion anyway; here's another brief note.  Elf | Talk 21:33, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

Discussion
Is it correct to capitalize the breed ("the Poodle is an intelligent animal") but not an individual of the breed ("the poodle chased the wolf")? —Michael Z. 2005-07-8 06:14 Z

 * No, because "Poodle" is a breed name. Unlike "terrier", which is a type of dog, there is no "poodle" type--it's only a breed name. Hence, "the Poodle chased the wolf." Elf | Talk 8 July 2005 06:18 (UTC)

 * Hm; that still looks odd to me, and both the Guardian and the Times disagree (but these are their individual policies; see [Y/y]orkshire terrier), although they would write French poodle. —Michael Z. 2005-07-12 19:52 Z

 * Guardian: dogs lc: alsatian, doberman, rottweiler, yorkshire terrier; but Irish setter, old English sheepdog.
 * Times: dogs l/c with most breeds, such as alsatian, borzoi, labrador, rottweiler, though there are obvious exceptions such as West Highland terrier, Yorkshire terrier, Jack Russell etc.

Courage of Airedales
I'm given to understand from the works of John Hunter, (author and big game hunter in the early part of the last century), and others, that the airedales are the only dogs that will willingly close with a lion, as opposed to just flushing one from cover or holding one at bay. Though this proves to be universely fatal for the courageous dog in question. I've also read of two other fairly believable accounts of this happening. BigDon 21:40, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

That will need citing. "believability" is not an issue, just make sure you have a source that can sand scrutiny. The Phantom N 02:02, 18 February 2007 (UTC)

There are a variety of accounts of the courage of ADTs. It appears to have been bred in deliberately, to the point where they may well die rather than stop fighting. I do however question that statement in the article about a single ADT killing a bear. I can believe they would make the attempt, but would expect the bear to win a one-on-one fight every time. A bear can tolerate a great deal of damage and just get mad. If it struck the dog a single time I would expect the dog to be instantly killed or crippled. Ken McE 23:40, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Again, remember that the sole test for inclusion is verifiability in reliable, published sources. VanTucky  (talk) 00:15, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

Having had an Airedale for fifteen years, and being familiar with others of the breed, I can testify that the Airedale will not back down from an altercation, no matter what the size of the opponent (this is a general statement, but there are so many incidents that verify the trait that it has been generally accepted as part of the descrition of the breed. My dog has confronted both bull terriers and dobermann pinschers (the Doce was atleast 4 inches taller at the shoulder and many pounds heavier), and in both cases, the Airedale never hesitated to show dominance, and refused to back down from a challenge. The Airedale even challenged horses and cattle, as if he could not identify the size disadvantage. So attacking a lion or a bear, is not out of the realm of plausability, although I would not agree that the Airedale is the only breed to do so. And in fact, most lion hunts, specifically mountain lions/cougars (North America) entailled an Airedale or tow, along with hounds to track and keep the cat at bay. One of the key traits of the Airedale that makes him likely to keep on fighting, even if injured, it the Airedales' tolerance to pain. It is a trait that has caused many worries for owners. Despite injuries, an Airedale will not disclose pain, so an owner will rarely know if the dog is hurting. again, by personal experience: when I pulled my Airedale away from another dog (both dogs had their teeth into the other dogs neck, although it appeared that the other dog had a relatively weak grip, while my Airedale had much of the other dog's neck between his jaws), I walked my Airedale to a corner of the park, away from his adversary - looking back, the other dog was lying on the ground whimpering and licking his wounds - while my Airedale gave a good shake as if to state, "okay, that was fun, now what can we do for some more fun?". Knowing the Airedale's thick skin, I stopped to do a thorough check of my dog - everything seemed fine, until I ran my fingers between the fur around his neck - it was soaked in blood, and on furthe examination, I found gaping holes in his skin, but none of this seemed to affect the Airedale - he was totally oblivious to the wound. (talk) 14:45, 28 September 2007 (UTC)
 * My first Airedale was badass, killed lots of animals and would not take any foolishness from other dogs. Didn't really care for them, would ignore them really but if they messed with her they were done like dinner. I had her for 15 years, from ages 6-21. However, my new Airedale does not like dogs either but just tries to get away from them when bothered. You see, the breeders just let fully grown dogs (not Airedales) abuse the puppies and I even saw one throw a puppy about 10 feet. It is just my opinion but that is why my new Airedale is like that. In regards to animals and pretty much everything else she is just the same, killing anything she can catch. So it is possible for an Airedale to have a kind of post traumatic stress type fear of other dogs. However, she has never really been faced with a Dog that could really hurt her (I am afraid that she is afraid and will kill some poor dog, imagine an frightened Airedale fighting!) and quite frankly she is stronger and has much nastier teeth than my last Airedale. In fact, I worked in an animal hospital for 3 years and have never seen such sharp, large teeth. The pain threshold thing is absolutely true, she plays chase (not fetch really) with a full size football and I can throw a good 65-70 yards. Sometimes she gets the ball full speed right in the nose and has no reaction to speak of, and that, my friends is pretty crazy.
 * jvman 01:08, 12 June 2008 (UTC)

 * According to a character on a TV episode I just watched, an Airdale terrier was knighted by the King of England. Obviously, a TV episode is not a reliable source, but maybe someone else knows the truth (if any) behind the story. —MJBurrage(T•C) 20:19, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Advertisement.
I am tempted to put the advert tag here. The article is not written in an entirely detached manner and it tends toward anthropomorphism. It actually says that this breed has a sense of humor.--Counsel 23:33, 25 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I will take a closer look at the article. The breed may not have a sense of humor, but they certainly can act like fools. Michaelbusch 00:34, 26 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I've done a bit of clean-up. The article still needs work. Michaelbusch 01:38, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

They have something that is very like a sense of humor. Perhaps it is a sense of mischief?Ken McE 23:35, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

Leaving aside the question of whether or not dogs have a sense of humour (some do in my opinion but that's by the way) that paragraph needs a good sorting out or deletion. We all know our favourite dog breed is the best and all the others are just mutts but the paragraph is just repeating what has already been said in a gushing manner that grates with the rest of the article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.40.210.55 (talk) 22:28, 24 April 2011 (UTC)
 * This is all too common with dog breed articles, unfortunately, but I've cleaned this one up. – anna  22:51, 24 April 2011 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Oorang Story Bryan Cummins Bryan Cummins.jpg
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BetacommandBot 06:39, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

Eyes
Under "Eyes" it says This is followed by a ref to http://mojoairedale.blogspot.com. The reffed page does not contain the word "retina" and the one occurrence of "eye" refers to humans. The picture shows a dog with white irises. IANA veterinarian or an opthamologist, but it looks like cataracts to me. I suppose it's possible for a retinal condition to make the retina so reflective that the eyes look white, but it seems unlikely, and I have never heard of such.  Randall Bart    Talk   20:27, 7 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Some Airedales do suffer from eye diseases, such as congenital retina condition. This is Nigel, a young Airedale, suffering from congenital retina condition, and totally blind by the age of six years.
 * I've fixed the article somewhat - that isn't a suitable reference. The picture here lists it as a degenerative retinal condition and what you are seeing here is indeed the retina - a dog's pupils usually fill almost the entire exposed eye. Michaelbusch (talk) 20:30, 7 December 2007 (UTC)

Humor.. what?
''The Airedale is a dog with a great sense of humor. For those who can laugh along with their Airedale, the dog can provide a unique and entertaining company.'' Need I say more? o_O

Have you ever spent any time with an Airedale, with any dog? The statement you find so odd and possibly laughable is a factual statement. I have been around many dogs and I can't remember an exception. Other dogs often have a sense of humor also but you can count on it in an AT. In fact, despite all the testimonials, also factual, to the AT's courage and fighting spirit given above, my friend's dog Heather's reaction to a Jack Russell threatening her through a fence was to look at her master and I and, I swear, laugh. 65.79.173.135 (talk) 17:48, 1 December 2008 (UTC)Will in New Haven65.79.173.135 (talk) 17:48, 1 December 2008 (UTC)

Have you ever have AT? If not, You are - with all respect - talking about the thing totally unnown to You. It's NOT about humor itself - it's about AT's sense of humor. You need a brain and the way to live with it - or you just can't live with AT! Alex Z-n —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.186.188.45 (talk) 11:06, 8 December 2009 (UTC)

You can find an article on wikipedia discussing people attributing human traits to animals. The dog could look like he's laughing, but he's not, it's us trying to find that commonality we see in humans, and that attracts us to some animals and not others for keeping as pets. Astroboy3002 (talk) 00:58, 29 July 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ken McE (talk • contribs)

Under the heading temperament it is also stated that "Airedales are also known for expressing exactly what they are thinking, unlike more aloof breeds." This is totally unverifiable and should be removed - how on earth does anyone profess to know what an aloof dog is thinking and whether or not it is expressing it?Mother shipton (talk) 11:09, 1 August 2010 (UTC)

I think there's a danger of become over pedantic when it comes to the attributes of dogs. Does a dog have a sense of humour in the human sense? Maybe, maybe not but I think a lot of owners would say their dogs have a 'dog sense of humour' and it's fair to describe a breed as having a sense of humour. There are a lot of traits dogs can have that could be described in human terms. Fearless, bad tempered, loving, gregarious, cantankerous or in the case of the greyhounds (best breed ever I might add) I've owned 'drama queens'. Are we to qualify every aspect of breed attributes with the suffix 'for a dog' or 'in a dog way'. A commonsense approach is needed but the big question is where you draw the line between fair comment and excessive anthropomorphism. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.41.60.186 (talk) 21:44, 29 April 2011 (UTC)
 * If reliable sources talk about the sense of humor (and I have read that about certain terriers), it can be added as long as it's written neutrally. With a breed this popular, there are ample sources to pick from: between standards, breed books, and parent clubs in various countries, there's no dearth of information. The way the original sentence was worded was inappropriate. "The Airedale seems to have a sense of humor" is fine, but "unique" and "great" is one person's opinion.
 * This is a problem unique to articles about domestic animal breeds, since experience with many individuals gives you an idea of their general personality traits but isn't enough according to the verifiability policy. I try to avoid policy wonkery in favor of common sense, but this is not JustDogBreeds.com. There are many sites that offer anecdotal information; an encyclopedia should not be one of them. – anna  10:31, 30 April 2011 (UTC)

Largest Terrier?
The article states that Airedale is the largest terrier. I'm not a dog expert but I'm pretty sure that Black Russian Terrier should have that title, not Airedale. --Haxflo (talk) 01:05, 27 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Agree --Abatishchev (talk) 22:24, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

Very true. BRT is a Very Good dog (with very bad health), but it's a sort of KGB-bred Baskerville's Hound - not a Terrier. Alex Z-n —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.186.188.45 (talk) 11:13, 8 December 2009 (UTC)

well i dont care what you say about the dog because the russians made that breed up by cross breeding so they shouldnt be allowed to call it what it is today the airdale is the true and nobal king of terriers and is the true biggest terrier —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.43.202.254 (talk) 00:57, 27 October 2009 (UTC)   —Preceding unsigned comment relocated here by Ken McE (talk • contribs)

Err, you do realize that the Brits made up the Airedale out of a variety of sources, not all of them terriers? We allowed them to decide what the result was, why can't Russians do the same? Also, I understand there is some ADT in the BRT bloodlines, no I don't have a citation. Ken McE (talk) 01:58, 29 December 2009 (UTC)

Added the Wikify tag
based on the comments on this talk page and on the amount of time some of these issues have been here and remain unresolved and undiscussed, I have added the "wikify" tag. 207.237.198.152 (talk) 15:49, 29 October 2008 (UTC)

Copyright problem
The two largest paragraphs in the "History" section (3rd and 4th) are copied verbatim from "Miner, _Airedale Terriers (A Complete Pet Owner's Manual)_, Barron's, 1998" - pages 6 and 7. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.70.119.188 (talk) 17:39, 17 January 2009 (UTC)

 * A very belated thanks for pointing this out. I've removed the content now. Traumnovelle (talk) 03:27, 5 April 2024 (UTC)

My edits: wikifying and editing
I just did a series of edits to this page, mainly wikifying a lot of it (including templating the references) and general copyediting. It's probably not complete though. Should this have some kind of minor cleanup tag? --Knockwood (talk) 11:33, 5 March 2009 (UTC) TEMPERAMENT In this section it saya "If children and Airedale are both trained correctly," what t f? are children no better than dogs now? I do not think this is a good statement to make understandable if the children are taught not to smack a dog but this is not mentioned - — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.10.50.152 (talk) 23:08, 3 July 2012 (UTC)

The need to train both the dog and the child is common to many breeds, not just ADT's. The dog has to learn that this funny looking, odd smelling little thing fits into the category of "puppy", the child in turn has to be taught not to poke the dog in the eye, and that dog parts are not removable. I don't believe the statement was meant to demean children. Ken McE (talk) 00:01, 20 August 2018 (UTC)

Origins
I changed the origins comment at the beginning of the article. It originally stated that the Airedale originates from the Black and Tan and an Otterhound. In reality the Airedale originates from a Welsh Terrier and an Otterhound. If you have any doubts check out the picture of the Welsh and you'll say "wow! Look a small Airedale!" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 184.151.114.110 (talk) 20:31, 27 November 2013 (UTC)

Juvenile renal disease JRD and Airedales
how about mentioning this genetic disease in here: http://www.airedalehealthfoundation.org/id34.html ? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.58.122.190 (talk) 10:02, 13 August 2015 (UTC)

Clean up
I've tagged this article for a clean-up: currently it reads like an owners' guide rather than an encyclopedia article, and the majority of assertions are wholly unsourced ~dom Kaos~ (talk) 13:19, 9 February 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 6 external links on Airedale Terrier. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090408075700/http://baron-von-aliff.home.att.net/whats-an-oorang.html to http://baron-von-aliff.home.att.net/whats-an-oorang.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.vet.purdue.edu/epi/Airedale%20final%20report_revised.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101127050226/http://profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/03-01-057.pdf to http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/03-01-057.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120510181056/http://www.ankc.org.au/Breed_Details.aspx?bid=45 to http://www.ankc.org.au/Breed_Details.aspx?bid=45
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20030922090357/http://www.nzkc.org.nz/br204.html to http://www.nzkc.org.nz/br204.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.geocities.com/keeganskingdom/Airedale-history.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:06, 28 June 2017 (UTC)

Non-notable terriers
Re this complaint, I'm not aware of a hard and fast rule, but, in general, "notable" on Wikipedia means those who meet the general notability guidelines. It's a fair bar to set, if we want to avoid indiscriminate lists of any and every dog some editor has read about or seen. Maybe we don't want to avoid that. At the least, "notable" should be removed as a description of the current crop. Hell, the one without a name probably isn't even a fictional Airedale within the story itself. Pretty tenuous, even with a citation. InedibleHulk (talk) 20:03, 17 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I see what you're saying, but the very last line of that guideline you linked:
 * If a topic does not meet this criterion but still has some verifiable facts, it might be useful to discuss it within another article.
 * And the very next section header is:
 * Notability guidelines do not apply to content within an article
 * With the content of that section being:
 * The criteria applied to the creation or retention of an article are not the same as those applied to the content inside it. The notability guidelines do not apply to contents of articles or lists (with the exception of some lists, which restrict inclusion to notable items or people). Content coverage within a given article or list (i.e. whether something is noteworthy enough to be mentioned within the article or list) is governed by the principle of due weight and other content policies. For additional information about list articles, see Notability of lists and List selection criteria. (Emphasis added.)
 * I very much see where you're coming from, but it seems you're applying the wrong standard, the one for article creation, to the content of lists and articles.
 * As for specifically the fictional Airedale within The Great Gatsby, as the person who added that list item in the first place, if the consensus it is as tenuous as you claim, I will accept its deletion without further objection, but allow me to make the case: The Great Gatsby is undeniably a "notable" piece of literature, and the dog is undeniably a significant plot element of the novel which is mentioned in quite a few critical analyses. Rather than drown you with references, I will encourage you to Google "dog great gatsby" and give you the top hit pull quote:
 * Besides serving as a characterization vehicle, the puppy also helps the plot unravel and conclude with Gatsby's murder. Tom's lover is killed in a hit-and-run, committed by non other than Daisy. When George scours through Myrtle's belongings he finds a dog collar wrapped in tissue paper.
 * It is indeed true Fitzgerald also makes a reference to the supposed Airedale having white paws—which is not a typical feature of Airedales—but I would find it rather outlandish to claim (as I suspect you would agree) Snoopy, who does have his own page, fails to meet the requirements of a "Notable beagle" because he is both fictional and has a short tail. -- JCaesar (talk) 07:45, 18 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I should add: If the unnamed Airedale in The Great Gatsby fails to meet the standards of "notable" because he (she? Also a plot point in the book) is fictional, I would fully accept a solution by which another section for Notable references in the arts and literature or similar, by which Gatsby would undeniably meet that standard, as would Snoopy for beagles. -- JCaesar (talk) 08:06, 18 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Airedale Terrier


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Scuffleball

I don't think this sport is notable. It seems very much tied to various micronations and most of the Google hits originate from Wikipedia. I'll reconsider my vote if enough people know of it. David Remahl 20:20, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. David Remahl 20:20, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Advert for website, well done and perhaps well intended but not what we want. From the official website :Organization is the key to this, and right now, this is essentially a one-man operation. I have some close friends who help me out with various objectives, and several good people who have helped test the sport out. If you would like to help with the organizing of this sport, drop me a line here. I would love to hear from you and would really love additional input into developing the sport. So it's not yet encyclopedic, and may never be. Andrewa 21:41, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I fully agree with Andrewa for a change. Skyler 22:18, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Just a Comment. The sport is real, it's not fictional. It has been played, and it has a set of cohesive rules. It does exist. I thought Wikipedia was an information source. I had no idea that just because someone has not heard of something that it deserves to be deleted. Delete it if it doesn't pass this litmus test, but 'not notable' is quite arbitrary. scuffleball 22:24, Aug 11, 2004
 * Comment: Welcome to Wikipedia! See your talk page if you haven't already. Andrewa 13:59, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Whether it exists or not, it is not yet notable. Indeed, we are confined to notable information, in context.  The reason for this is simply to set some limit.  Were we to not have that limitation, then we would be including every product of every imagination anywhere at any time.  All terms, such as "notable," "significant," and "important" are going to be open to some argument, and that's why the deletion process is by vote.  Geogre 00:35, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * While I have no desire to bash Everything2, having contributed to their pages myself, I will say that the primary difference between E2 and Wikipedia is that E2 is prepared to accept any article on any topic. E2 is a much more suitable repository for neologisms, neopolitics, neoeconomics, and neosports such as scuffleball. What I most appreciate about Wikipedia is its insistence on some kind of history for its topics. Even though that may be, in some cases, only four or five years, at least there is some legacy to demonstrate perpetuity. Denni ☯  02:41, 2004 Aug 14 (UTC)


text:
Floriculture

Floriculture is the study of the efficient production of the plants that produce showy, colorful flowers and foliage for human enjoyment and the human environment. It is a commercially successful branch of horticulture and agriculture found throughout the world. Efficient production practices have been developed over the years, for the hundreds of plant taxa used in the floral industry, increasing the overall knowledge of whole plant biology. Plant breeding and selection have produced tens of thousands of new genotypes for human use. Jasmine, marigold, chrysanthemum, rose, orchid, and anthurium are flowers of commercial demand.

Overview
Flowers are a part of human society. They are used at times of joy and sadness and part of everyday life. Flowers and plants may be indoors in a sunny window, as part of the landscape in the front yard or on the patio or deck in the back yard. People have been studying flowers and plants and their interaction with humans and how to produce these flowers and plants so all humans can enjoy them. Floriculture scientists throughout the world do this work.

Floriculture crops include cut flowers and cut cultivated greens, bedding plants (garden flowers or annuals, and perennials, houseplants (foliage plants and flowering potted plants). These plants are produced in ground beds, flower fields or in containers in a greenhouse. Protected cultivation is often used because these plants have a high value to humans.

Flower crops are grown in simple to highly sophisticated ways. These crops can be grown in soil in farm fields or in field soil in inexpensive high tunnel greenhouses. For years, flowers were grown, seasonally for the specific crop, close to the market in Europe, North America and Asia. However, many crops of the floral industry have moved to a specific climate, typically in the mountains of South America, Africa and China, so certain plants can be grown year around where hand labor is available.

Protected horticulture (greenhouses) has developed simultaneously with the continued changes in the flower crops and markets. Floriculture is a major component of controlled-environment agriculture (CEA). Floriculture crops have a high value to humans, so the cost of an expensive production system - greenhouses, automated environmental control, automated irrigation and fertilization, robotic seed, transplant and container handling, supplemental photosynthetic lighting - is necessary to produce these plants efficiently for the world-wide markets. Some are irrigated manually, but most are irrigated with drip irrigation, boom irrigation or flood floors. Hydroponics can be used for many cut flower crops.

Floriculture value 2022
The global Floriculture market size is estimated to be worth US$50040 million in 2022 and is forecast to be a readjusted size of US$58030 million by 2028 with a compound annual growth rate of 2.5% during the review period.

The total wholesale value of sales across all U.S. floriculture crops totaled US$6.69 billion in 2022 from 8,951 floriculture producers with a production area of 833 million square feet.

Floriculture advancements
Plant enthusiasts and growers learned significant details about growing certain plants over the years. Chrysanthemums have been cultivated in China for over 3000 years, so growers knew about the plant and how to grow it. Floriculture scientists have simply continued this trend to control the plant's environment to control flowering for the significant dates when humans want flowers for celebrations and gatherings.

Photoperiodism
Chrysanthemum was one of the plants used in experiments that led to the definitions of photoperiod and photoperiodism. Yet, it's likely that Chinese, Korean and Japanese plantsmen had a good understanding based on their years of experience. The occurrence of this physiological response and the reasons for it have been the subject of many experiments at universities and in industry. Poinsettias are another short day plant with importance to flower growers. These and additional experiments and experience have shown that temperature has an impact on the photoperiodic response. Many cut flower and bedding plant species respond to long day or short day treatments for faster flowering. The use of lighting treatments to extend the day and black cloth treatments to shorten the day are important additions to floriculture to increase the efficiency of plant production.

Plant tissue culture, micropropagation
Plant propagation has always been a part of flower and plant gardening. Plant tissue culture began as a way to save orchid embryos as orchid fanciers bred new cultivars. Most horticulture and many botany programs in the world had scientists working on plant propagation through tissue culture techniques from the 1950s to the 1980s. These programs expanded the knowledge base on a wide range of taxa and allowed industry to find the connection to commercial production. Plant tissue culture allowed new, unique phenotypes and genotypes to be propagated in large numbers quickly. Many cultivars of foliage plants are available only from tissue culture. Uniquely, tissue cultured geraniums were heat treated to allow the identification and removal of many viruses, virus-indexed. As viruses were removed, many horticultural characteristics of the many cultivars disappeared; this led plant breeders to leave many viruses in breeding lines for future cultivars. Heat treatment of tissue culture of many taxa has since been used to remove bacteria and virus pathogens in various floriculture crops.

Containers and growing media
Containers of various kinds have been used in the culture of plants for a long time. Field soil or garden soil possibly with an addition of organic matter (compost) was placed in the container or pot and a plant was added followed by regular watering. It was simple but required experience and a watchful eye to prevent overwatering.

Most people don't recognize that this success was tied to a relatively deep pot, usually 6-10 inches (15–25 cm) deep or larger. Gravity was sufficient to pull or drain water from the soil so an adequate portion of the soil in the pot was well drained and oxygen would be available to the root system. As US greenhouses began to expand the bedding plant business in the 1950s and 1960s, they needed smaller containers for the logistical aspects of plant spacing and shipping. Vacuum formed plastic trays and packs offered the smaller sizes but composted field soil was easy to overwater in the smaller containers. The first step was to add peat moss and perlite to the field soil in a 1:1:1 ratio. The next step was to use other materials, sphagnum moss peat and vermiculite, in a 1:1 ratio, the Cornell peat-lite mix. In the 1970s, more materials were used for growing media by the companies formed to process and distribute growing media to operations across the country. The physical properties of all the products had to be evaluated on a standard basis to make wise choices with economic decisions the operations were making. As plug (young plant) production, mechanization of seed germination and mechanization of transplanting, began in the 1980s more work was necessary to manage the small volume of growing media in plug trays. Research continues of all aspects of growing media and container design.

The harvest and use of peat for growing media remains an environmental issue in North America and Europe. Alternative and more sustainable materials continue to be added to growing media processing - pine bark, processed pine bark, coco coir, wood fiber, etc. Sustainable solutions for growing media materials remain a high priority for the industry.

Pesticide residues
Pesticide residues remain a significant issue for floriculture crops. Many countries have limited controls on pesticide usage but flower handlers and consumers could be contaminated by the residue.

The impact of certain pesticides, neonics, on bees and other pollinators has become a significant concern. The application of these pesticides on garden flowers during greenhouse production can have a major impact on pollinator populations in a consumer's garden.

Research continues on biological control of greenhouse insect, mite and plant pathogens to reduce pesticide use in floriculture crop production.

Supplemental lighting
Supplemental lighting for flower crops began with photoperiod treatments and interest expanded to determine whether artificial light from electric lamps could substitute for sunlight during winter conditions. Incandescent lamps were not successful, so floriculture had to wait for lighting technology to improve. Advancements with fluorescent lamps and industrial lamps (mercury vapor, high pressure sodium, low pressure sodium, etc.) led to improved plant production for geraniums, roses and other crops. In the following decades, artificial lighting became standard practice in Europe, North America and Japan.

Work was completed to standardize a plant's need for light (radiant energy) from natural and artificial sources. The term daily light integral (DLI) was introduced as a measurement of the optimal amount of radiant energy each plant requires for optimal growth.

The introduction of light emitting diode (LED) lamps offered more opportunities for supplemental lighting. These lamps were more efficient at light production, cooler and allowed the manipulation of light quality from different wavelengths of light compared to other lamps.

Supplemental lighting has been used to optimize production of seedlings, bedding plants, cut flowers and other crops.

Plant nutrition, water quality and irrigation
Flower crops were grown in field soil like all horticultural and agricultural crops. Nutrients important to the flowers were held in the soil matrix and supplemented with additions of organic matter and animal manure. These organic additions were labor-intensive and inconsistent, reducing the ability to optimize flower production. Floriculture moved to growing media and inorganic fertilizer products in the 1950s and 1960s as container production became more important. This move was supported by hydroponic research more than soil science research. The "soil-less" nature of hydroponics was more similar to the "soil-less" nature of growing media.

title: Floriculture


text:
Lobo Theater

The Historic Lobo Theater is a movie theater, concert venue, and cocktail lounge located along historic Route 66, at 3013 Central Avenue NE in Albuquerque, New Mexico in the United States of America.

The Lobo Theater first opened on August 19, 1938. By the early-1940’s it was operated by Paramount Pictures Inc. through their subsidiary Hoblitzelle & O'Donnell. The name Lobo ("Wolf" in Spanish) references the nickname for the sports teams, and students, at the University of New Mexico, which is nearly adjacent to the west. The theater reached out to area students and was a premiere venue for independent, classic and cult films. It also hosted concerts with local bands.

It was the primary setting for the 2002 independent film Collecting Rooftops, which started being filmed while the theater was under Bobby (Robert) McMullan's operation and finished its filming, in the theater, by the generosity of Amon Re (musician).

The Historic Lobo Theater reopened in late 2021 as the Lobo Lounge and Event Venue. (Website https://loboabq.com/)

title: Lobo Theater


text:
Original Tommy's

Original Tommy's, previously known as Original Tommy's World Famous Hamburgers, is a fast food hamburger restaurant chain in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It is known for its hamburgers and chili burgers.

History
The original location was opened on May 15, 1946, by Tom Koulax (October 26, 1918 - May 28, 1992), the son of Greek immigrants, on the northeast corner of Beverly and Rampart boulevards west of downtown Los Angeles. The stand, which still exists today, sold hamburgers and hot dogs topped with chili. Initially, the business was slow but it soon started to pick up. During the 1960s, the entire lot at the intersection was purchased. Soon after, the northwest corner was acquired for expanded parking and storage of goods. Not long after that, a second service counter occupying the building at the perimeter of the northeast lot was set up.

Tommy's grew to 30 locations by 2006. Most Original Tommy's restaurants are found in the Greater Los Angeles Area. In recent years several locations have closed. The Santa Monica location was closed on April 20, 2014 when the landlord refused to renew the lease and leased the location to Starbucks instead.

In 2008, the company expanded for the first time outside of California by opening two locations in Clark County, Nevada. A third Nevada location was opened in 2013.

As of March 2023, there are 32 locations. The company is based in Monrovia, California, after years of being in Glendale, California, and is run by the late Mr. Koulax's family.

title: Original Tommy's


text:
Ueno

Ueno (上野) is a district in Tokyo's Taitō Ward, best known as the home of Ueno Park. Ueno is also home to some of Tokyo's finest cultural sites, including the Tokyo National Museum, the National Museum of Western Art, and the National Museum of Nature and Science, as well as a major public concert hall. Many Buddhist temples are in the area, including the Bentendo temple dedicated to goddess Benzaiten, on an island in Shinobazu Pond. The Kan'ei-ji, a major temple of the Tokugawa shōguns, stood in this area, and its pagoda is now within the grounds of the Ueno Zoo. Nearby is the Ueno Tōshō-gū, a Shinto shrine dedicated to Tokugawa Ieyasu. Near the Tokyo National Museum there is The International Library of Children's Literature. Just south of the station is the Ameya-yokochō, a street market district that evolved out of an open-air black market that sprung up after World War II. Just east is the Ueno motorcycle district, with English-speaking staff available in some stores.

Ueno is part of the historical Shitamachi (literally "low city") district of Tokyo, a working class area rather than where the aristocrats and rich merchants lived. Today the immediate area, due to its close proximity to a major transportation hub, retains high land value but just a short walk away to the east or north reveals some of the less glitzy architecture of Tokyo.

Ueno Station is the nearest train station and is operated by JR East.

Ueno Park and Ueno Station are also home to a large percentage of Tokyo's homeless population. Though nearly invisible in other parts of Tokyo, the homeless population in Ueno can be found sleeping or communing in large numbers around the "ike" (ponds) of this district.

Economy
Ueno is the hometown of Yoshida Watch Shop, established in 1901 by Shogoro Yoshida. It is the origin of Orient Watch Co., Ltd.

Education

 * Tokyo University of the Arts

Public high schools are operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education.
 * Ueno High School (Tokyo)

Taito City Board of Education operates public elementary and junior high schools.

Ueno 1-4 and 6-chome and part of Ueno 5-chome are zoned to Kuromon Elementary School (黒門小学校). Ueno 7-chome is zoned to Ueno Elementary School (上野小学校). A portion of Ueno 5-chome is zoned to Heisei Elementary School (平成小学校).

Ueno 1-2 chome is zoned to Ueno Junior High School (上野中学校). Ueno 4 and 7-chome and portions of 3 and 5-6-chome are zoned to Shinobugaoka Junior High School (忍岡中学校). Parts of Ueno 3 and 5-6 chome are zoned to Okachimachi Taito Junior High School (御徒町台東中学校).

Private schools:
 * Iwakura High School

Public transport

 * Shinkansen-E.svg      Ueno Station
 * Okachimachi Station
 * Ueno-hirokoji Station
 * Ueno-okachimachi Station
 * Naka-okachimachi Station
 * Yushima Station
 * Keisei Ueno Station

title: Ueno


text:
Ueno (disambiguation)

Ueno is a neighborhood in Taito, Tokyo.

Ueno may also refer to:

Places

 * Ueno, Mie, a former city in Mie Prefecture, now part of the city of Iga
 * Ueno, Gunma, a village in Gunma Prefecture
 * Ueno, Okinawa, a village in Okinawa Prefecture

Other uses

 * Ueno (surname)
 * Ueno, a creative technology services company founded by Icelandic businessman Haraldur Ingi Þorleifsson and sold to Twitter.

title: Ueno (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Point Arena, California

For future reference
Some discussion of the exploration of the cost, including Bodega y Quadra's role, is discussed in the book The Log of the San Carlos and Original Documents Translated and Annotated by E. J. Molera (there's a Gutenberg version here). I can't honestly say I've read it yet. -- Finlay McWalter | Talk 20:30, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Brilliant high school?
I was surprised to find the comment referring to the "brilliant" high school and its "excellent" sports teams. Living here, I think that someone needs to get a grip on reality. Perhaps a reference to the charter school and high school would be in order, but I believe referring to the high school as brilliant (a word with little ambiguity, and NO objectivity) and its sports teams as excellent might be a little bit misleading. Perhaps a mention of the recent murder committed by a student at the school would bring some reality to this article. If there are no objections, I will revise it. Jasper124c41 06:03, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Yeah you're right the school sucks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.39.121.106 (talk) 16:24, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

Native American History
Obvious ommision of any history pertaining to Native Americans- all history cited is European based. Would be desireable to have a Point Arena Pomo resident edit the history paragraph. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rickh4949 (talk • contribs) 20:43, 21 December 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Point Arena, California. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20111005061541/http://www.cityofpointarena.com/General%20Plan-LCP/General%20Plan/08-Noise%20TR.pdf to http://www.cityofpointarena.com/General%20Plan-LCP/General%20Plan/08-Noise%20TR.pdf

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 12:31, 29 August 2015 (UTC)

Salamanders & mountain beavers
Hi! I made some edits to straighten out the two salamander species & ranges, as well as the type locality for the rare mammal. I added valid citations for both and plan to update the mountain beaver wiki page soon. Ellin Beltz (talk) 04:37, 10 July 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Point Arena, California


text:
Volna

Space launch vehicle Volna (Волна), is a converted submarine-launched ballistic missile used for launching satellites into orbit. It is based on the R-29R designed by State Rocket Center Makayev and related to the Shtil' Launch Vehicle. The Volna is a 3-stage launch vehicle that uses liquid propellant. The warhead section is used for the payloads that can be either put into orbit with the help of an additional boost engine or travel along a sub-orbital trajectory to be recovered at the landing site. Volna can be launched from Delta III-class submarine or from land based facilities.

Performance
Because of its mobile launch platform the Volna launch vehicle can reach a large number of different inclinations and could increase its performance to low Earth orbit by launching from equatorial sites. All flights to date have taken place from the Barents Sea. From this site the Volna can lift 100 kg into a 400 km high orbit with an inclination of 79°. The warhead section can accommodate a payload of up to 1.3 m3. For sub-orbital missions the payload can be either a recoverable vehicle of up to 720 kg or research equipment placed in a descent vehicle of up to 400 kg.

Launch history

 * The first launch of the Volna took place on June 6, 1995 on a suborbital trajectory. The rocket was launched from a submarine in the Barents Sea, reached an apogee of 1250 km and the payload was recovered in Kamchatka, 5600 km from where it was launched. The payload of this flight was a thermal convection experiment, developed by Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity of Bremen University (Germany).
 * On 20 July 2001 the second flight took place with a simplified (two-bladed) test vehicle of the Cosmos 1 solar sail of the Planetary Society and an inflatable re-entry heat shield. The Volna was launched from Delta III Submarine Borisoglebsk in the Barents Sea. Although the launch vehicle reached the intended suborbital trajectory the spacecraft failed to separate. The separation command was not issued by the flight software because of the presence of non-nominal variations. Failure of the Cosmos-1 to separate also resulted in the loss of the secondary payload, a new inflatable re-entry vehicle.
 * On 12 July 2002 the Volna was used for a sub-orbital flight for a second attempt to test a new re-entry vehicle, IRDT-2. The launch took place from Delta III class submarine K-44 Ryazan. Due to a failure in the launcher/payload interface the vehicle was lost and did not land on the expected area on the Kamchatka peninsula. It is unclear whether the spacecraft separated from the third stage of the Volna and did not inflate correctly or that it remained attached to the payload module. Remains of the vehicle have not been found.
 * The fourth flight took place at 21 June 2005 with on board the Cosmos 1 Solar sail. The launch took place from Delta III Submarine Borisoglebsk in the Barents Sea. The spacecraft failed to reach orbit after stage one shut down prematurely at 82.86 seconds instead of the expected 100 seconds. The failure was attributed to "critical degradation in operational capability of the engine turbo-pump". The second and third stage did not separate and the payload did not reach orbit.
 * On 6 October 2005 the Volna carried IRDT-2R on a sub-orbital trajectory, launched from Delta III Class Submarine Borisoglebsk in the Barents Sea. The launch vehicle performed nominally and placed the payload on a trajectory towards the Kamchatka peninsula. Trajectory data shows that the vehicle most likely overshot the landing site and could not be recovered.

title: Volna