text:
Talk:Economy of Latvia

Someone should add sources here. The material on privatization, for example, appears to be pulled almost verbatim from the U.S. State Department's website. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.22.255.181 (talk) 08:27, 20 May 2008 (UTC)

I just updated the page with statistics from 2004 CIA World Factbook. Two notes:
 * Among "industries", I didn't put in "buses, vans, street and railroad cars, washing machines" which were in CIA Factbook. I think those products are no longer produced in Latvia. Our van producer went bankcrupt a few years ago, the street and railroad car producer has produced almost nothing in last years, although there is a hope they may recover in the future. I am not aware of washing machines produced in Latvia in last 10 years.
 * $6.6 billion for external debt sounds a lot more than I thought. Can anyone cross-check that? I will try to check myself as well. Andris 07:04, Aug 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * I checked the debt figure. $6.6 billion is the total (government+private) external debt. Government debt alone is $0.7 billion. So, the question is: do the other country pages here give the total debt rather than the public one? If yes, it should stay as it is. If no, we should change it to be consistent with the rest of countries. Andris 07:35, Aug 2, 2004 (UTC)

I think this page need some updates, because, for example, inflation in Latvia currently is much higher and many other statistics too have been changed per time. I would do it myselft but i cant find so called reliable source in English. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.198.239.190 (talk) 13:20, 9 May 2008 (UTC)

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Economy of Latvia


text:
Gabrielle Glaister

Gabrielle Glaister (born 27 July 1960) is an English actress, best known for her role as Patricia Farnham in British soap opera Brookside and Trish Wallace in Family Affairs. She is also notable for her portrayal of Bob/Kate/Bobbie Parkhurst in several episodes of Blackadder.

Education
Glaister attended Chichester College where she studied English and Drama, then trained with the National Youth Theatre.

Career
Glaister appeared in the title role in a stage production of Oliver Twist, alongside Ben Elton as the Artful Dodger. In 1983, she returned to the stage in Denise Deegan's comedy play Daisy Pulls It Off, based on Winifred Norling's 1939 novel The Testing of Tansy.

Glaister's first television roles were in 1983 in Jury and Jane Eyre. Her first notable television roles were three appearances as "Bob" in the 1980s Blackadder series and the part of Patricia Farnham, the long-suffering partner of Max Farnham (Steven Pinder), in Brookside from 1990 until 1997.

Glaister returned to soap acting in 2000 when she appeared in Coronation Street as Debs Brownlow, the sister of Natalie Horrocks, played by Denise Welch. Her next soap role was in Channel 5 soap Family Affairs from September 2004 playing Trish Wallace until September 2005. In 2019, Glaister took the role of Hilary Benshaw in Emmerdale, playing rival to Nicola King as they both vied to be elected as a local councillor.

Television

 * Jane Eyre (1983)
 * Blackadder II (1986) "Bells"
 * All at No 20 (1986)
 * Grange Hill (1988)
 * Blackadder Goes Forth (1989) "Major Star", "Private Plane"
 * Brookside as Patricia Farnham (1990 to 1996)
 * Coronation Street as Debs Brownlow (2000)
 * Family Affairs as Trish Wallace (2004 to 2005)
 * Law & Order: UK (2009) "Honour Bound"
 * New Tricks (2012) "Part of a Whole"
 * The Dumping Ground (2014) "Face the Music"
 * Upstart Crow (2016) "The Quality of Mercy", reprising the role of Bob from Blackadder II
 * Sherlock (2017) "The Six Thatchers"
 * Unforgotten (2018)
 * Emmerdale as Hilary Benshaw (2019)
 * Dark Money as Cordelia (2019)
 * Doctors as Martha Taile (2020)
 * Coronation Street as Fern Lindon (2022)
 * Trigger Point as Martina Wyatt (2024)
 * Death in Paradise as Cora Blyth (2024)

Film

 * Buddy's Song (1990)
 * The Heart Surgeon by Jed Mercurio (1997)

Theatre

 * Daisy Pulls It Off
 * Elton John's Glasses by David Farr
 * Insignificance by Terry Johnson

title: Gabrielle Glaister


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Higher Self

Ooh, time to pass the tinfoil. Someone needs a new hat. This bit of entertaining foofery has been languishing since March and some unfortunate soul listed it for cleanup. Written by an anon with no prior history, and it doesn't look like he's coming back. Maybe he's morphed to a higher region! - Lucky 6.9 07:08, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * NOTE:I put it in cleanup, after I put W. A. Draves in VfD and people were voting to keep (scroll up for W. A. Draves entry) Salasks

 * that's a bloody good set of excuses for being late to work (I was garnering experiences in the third and possibly fourth densities and couldn't refuse a nice cuppa from a Higher Self). Please place this article in a density where Wikipedia's servers do not manifest themselves. --Ianb 07:24, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Now, now, let's be kiiind. An article of this name could be written that would find a home and respect in Category:New Age and Category:New religious movements; however, the term and associated concept are used in so many different ways by so many different groups that it would have to be a survey article. This article, by contrast, is just one view, an essentially unattributed one, and no one has been ambitious enough to tackle cleaning and broadening it. From a practical perspective, then—and being slightly less kiiind—kill it. --Gary D 08:04, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * I concur with Gary D. A legitimate, broad article about the concept of a "Higher Self" could indeed be written -- but the article as it now stands isn't it. If it isn't cleaned up, it needs to be deleted. Kevyn 12:03, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: "They exist primarily in the 5th density of existence?"  That's pretty darned nutty.  Perhaps something along the lines of Gary's suggestion is possible in an umbrella article, and especially one concerned with reporting the belief rather than advocating it.  Most times, people on Clean Up don't blank a whole article and start anew, and that's what we've been advocating.  In other words, our requests for clean up are, in fact, "delete and seek a contributor willing to write a new article on the topic."  Geogre 13:28, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * I have descended from the sixth density of existence to laugh at your puny fifth-density squallor. Delete this article.  -- WOT 15:58, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, but put in BJAODN Salasks 21:23, Aug 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Someone posted someone else's unfinished science fiction novel as this article, apparently. Delete. Fire Star 00:48, 3 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete; this seems beyond salvaging. Gwimpey 05:28, Aug 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect Administrator? No, seriously, delete.DJ Clayworth 17:52, 3 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * No salvageable content; delete. Sean Curtin
 * I vote delete. So does my higher self. --Michael Snow 23:35, 5 Aug 2004 (UTC)


text:
List of ITU letter codes

The radiocommunication division of the International Telecommunication Union uses the following letter codes to identify its member countries. Eight countries are assigned single-letter codes (🇧🇷 Brazil, 🇩🇪 Germany, 🇪🇸 Spain, 🇫🇷 France, Great Britain, 🇮🇹 Italy, 🇯🇵 Japan, 🇸🇪 Sweden), while the rest have codes three letters in length.

The ITU also designates the following codes for other areas around the world that are not member states.

title: List of ITU letter codes


text:
List of colonial governors of Cape Verde

The islands of Cape Verde were uninhabited when discovered and claimed by Portugal in 1456. A Portuguese colony was established in 1462. The islands were united as a single crown colony in 1587. In 1951, the islands became an overseas province of Portugal. Autonomy was granted in 1974 and independence was granted on 5 July 1975.

List
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Santiago
(later northern Santiago)

Ribeira Grande
(southern Santiago)

The Islands of Cape Verde
For continuation after independence, see: List of presidents of Cape Verde


text:
User:Mckaysalisbury

Programming

Games

Computing

Locales

Wikipedia

Education

About me

Grammar

Languages

Current Tasks (requests for help)
"Why is it that no one can tell me how I'm misunderstanding policy, but they always tell me that I don't understand it?"

If someone wants to help explain one or more of these things to me, I'd love to have a nice little discussion with them.

Notability
I've heavily defended a couple articles up at AFD, and usually, people think differently than I do about the "trivial" portion of the Primary notability criterion. Admittedly, the policy is intentionally little ambiguous, but I think everyone else misunderstands the policy. If a news article article is about X and Y together, Is "Y" trivial? I say no. I'd say that Y is one of the primary subjects of the article. What about an article about how X affected Y. I'd say that in that case, it is clear that X and Y are subjects of the article. sure, An article about X that mentions Y in it, even for a few paragraphs is a grey area. The canonical example of trivial, is a one sentence mentioning in an entire book. Only on that scale can someone say something is clearly trivial. A single sentence in a news article? probably trivial. A paragraph? Definite grey area, deletionists will say "trivial", inclusionists will say "non-trivial". That's where I stand on the matter. Apparently, an article has to be about only Y to be considered a non-trivial mentioning by many.

James Earl Salisbury
James Earl Salisbury is my father (Archived at User:mckaysalisbury/James Earl Salisbury). I think that he's mistaken in his decision on a couple of levels: So am I crazy? Am I missing some crucial piece of Wikipedia policy?
 * When I was WikiYoung, I created the article, I used "google hits" as criterion for inclusion. (version). Someone asked about notability, and I was able to satisfy questions then (see Talk:James Earl Salisbury for discussion).
 * Eventually the article was nominated for deletion. (Articles for deletion/James Earl Salisbury. I thought that the outcome of the article was obviously "keep", but the end result was that User:Cuchullain, the closing administrator, thought that the result of the debate was "merge", so he merged it. So, today, I put a note on his talk page with my reasoning of why I think he was mistaken. (my post to his talk page).
 * 1) He executed his vote, rather than consensus
 * 2) His vote wasn't something I think is in line with policy, but I kinda see where he's coming from

collecting sources about him, not just mentioning him

 *

Consensus
History has shown that I'm not understanding what consensus means. I've read the article, and I think I understand it, but according to others, I don't understand it. I've asked for help specifically to administrators about this, but I don't ever get a response.

Bias
Some have hinted that Creation of an article means that AFD votes shouldn't count, so does that mean I shouldn't ever be allowed to delete or redirect my own article (e.g. Canyonlands Desert)? Or am I only biased when it's in favor of keep?

What do I do with my life?
I'm a computer scientist. Mainly that means I'm a programmer, software engineer, and software architect. I currently work in databases and computer security. I've worked a lot with Relational Databases. I'm rather familiar with the theory, and I've built 5 DBMSs, but most of the time I end up implementing database systems, or building systems on top of them. I really enjoy math and physics programming. Also, I'm doing some real computer science research in my spare time, and I've written a few indie video games, some by myself, some with teams.

I love playing video games (and board games). I don't spend as much time doing this as I like. I might like to work in video games in the future.

My hobbies include: Literature and movies, mainly Science Fiction. (Post)Cyberpunk and Time Travel are probably my favorite sub genres. I enjoy reading about the latest discoveries in math (like Rational Trigonometry) and science (sorry Pluto, you're not a planet). From a non-geek perspective, I like social dance, and rock climbing.

My activity in Wikipedia comes and goes.

my webpage can be found at https://www.mckaysalisbury.com/

My Watchlist
I've watched about a bajillion pages. Many of them have so infrequent changes, that I forget I have them in my watchlist. I have several topics that I try to keep the articles pure, mostly in the database industry. I don't watch my watchlist as much as I have in the past:
 * Codd's 12 rules
 * D4 (programming language)
 * D (data language specification)
 * Industrial D
 * Tutorial D
 * Dataphor
 * Edgar F. Codd
 * Relational Database Management System
 * Relational database
 * Relational model

Some other computer science topics:
 * AVL tree Kinda related to current research
 * The Joel Test

I watch a few math related topics:
 * Pi
 * Fibonacci number Kinda related to current research

Some science topics:
 * Definition of planet
 * Lorentz factor
 * Mars Desert Research Station
 * Singularity
 * Time Travel

Some Science-Fiction topics:
 * Cardassian I had a question about spoonheads, and I'm awaiting a response. Maybe I'll eventually see the episode again
 * Star Trek

And, finally, from nowhere, a couple of people topics:
 * User:Mckaysalisbury duh, I wouldn't want someone changing me would I?
 * James Earl Salisbury
 * Chris Burgess

Yeah, there are other pages in my watchlist, but these are the important ones.

Update: 04:08, 20 October 2007 (UTC) My watchlist isn't helpful anymore because I have too much on it. ("539 pages watched not counting talk pages.") My wikitime is far less than what it used to be, so I'm going on a watchlist purge. I'm removing topics I don't care about as much. If you'd like me to help out with something, let me know on my talk page, and I'll be glad to help out. McKay 04:08, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

Articles I started

 * Gaikai
 * Project Tuva

 * The Joel Test
 * Wei-Hwa Huang
 * America's Freedom Festival at Provo
 * Dataphor
 * D4 (programming language)
 * Vault (revision control system)
 * Harmonic (color)
 * Ken Darby
 * David Mann (artist)
 * Elevator surfing
 * Fixed Acquirer Network Fee
 * Murder Bay
 * Marvel Rising
 * Microsoft Surface 2
 * Microsoft Surface Pro 2
 * Quarriors!
 * GamerGate which later got moved to Gamergate controversy
 * revenge bedtime procrastination

Articles I Spoke
My wife has had insomnia. We discovered that one of the best things I can do to help her sleep is to read Wikipedia articles aloud. Why not help other people fall asleep by reading it for all on the Internet to listen to.
 * Satoru Iwata [[File:En-Satoru Iwata-article.oga]]
 * United States Sesquicentennial coinage [[File:En-United_States_Sesquicentennial_coinage-article.ogg]]
 * Chickasaw Turnpike [[File:en-Chickasaw Turnpike-article.ogg]]
 * Mortara case [[File:en-Mortara case-article.ogg]]
 * Seacology [[File:en-Seacology-article.ogg]]

Todo list

 * add more photographs to various pages (including MDRS Fatal1ty...)
 * Transparent aluminum @ Houston Museum of Natural Science in the Houston Museum District
 * Fix and update Pilgrimage and RaD Man
 * Finish my current research topic
 * Fix and update related wikipedia articles
 * Finish MDRS article
 * Add current research
 * Add lots of pictures
 * Finish programming game
 * Fix and update related wikipedia articles

Cool Links

 * User:Mckaysalisbury/templates
 * /Vandalism

Heroes of the day

 * Randy Pausch is my hero of the day (7 Oct 2009). Did good work, as a computer science professor, and even made an appearance in Star Trek!
 * Liviu Librescu is my hero of the day. (11 June 2007). I guess the Virginia Tech massacre article and his sums it up nicely. Though his life of Holocaust survivor -> education -> hero is a pretty impressive resume.
 * Jiang Yanyong is my hero of the day. (8 Feb 2006) I found him while researching SARS for the article on my father James Earl Salisbury (another hero).
 * Saul Bass is my hero of the day. (23 Aug 2015). He isn't heroic per se, but he changed credits in cinema. We need more people innovating in credits.
 * Arland D. Williams, Jr. is my hero of the day. (31 Aug 2015). Very heroic. He was a bank examiner (and I've done work for the FDIC, so that's interesting too. I discovered this article looking up his story which was found in a religious classroom manual I was reading where they compared his heroics to the Crucifixion of Jesus.
 * Isaac Allerton is not quite a hero of the day, but he's my Great13 Grandfather, and a Plymouth Colony settler who came on the Mayflower. His son Isaac Allerton Jr. is also an ancestor.
 * Charles Joseph Minard Is someone I've been thinking about for a while, but he's my "hero" of the day (6 Oct 2020). His One image of the map of Napoleon's Russian campaign single-handedly gave me the understanding of the fall of Napoleon's empire.

Cool Diffs

 * Elephants tripling:
 * Off by one error:
 * Jeremy Renner the Velociraptor:

Humor
I'm having trouble getting closure on this closure I'm writing in closure which performs the closure to calculate the transitive closure of a set.

Other Wikis
I hereby certify that I am user:mckaysalisbury on Wiktionary, Meta, Spanish Wikipedia, Memory Alpha, and WoWwiki (certification diff).

Block History
I feel my block log is very clean, but yet, there are entries. I feel a bit of a need to explain myself in these cases. Yes, I've got the final edit on this page, but feel free to take a look at the page histories (the ones I provide or others)

 * June 6, 2007, I was blocked for making a single edit to a page. I felt very justified in the edit, as it seemed like it was in full compliance with all of the policies particularly because I was sourcing my material. I had discussed how the enforcement of BLP wasn't correct policy. I discussed the block with a friend of mine, and he suggested I email some admins, so I did. A large discussion with several admins got involved, and I eventually got unblocked before the 3 hours was up. Since, several admins have said they disagreed with the block, and one (via email) even said "PS. Being punished by a tyrant is generally considered an honour."

title: User:Mckaysalisbury


text: File:Mark Wikipedia Button Small.png

title: File:Mark Wikipedia Button Small.png


text:
Zwin

The Zwin is a nature reserve at the North Sea coast, on the Belgian–Dutch border. It consists of the entrance area of a former tidal inlet which during the Middle Ages connected the North Sea with the ports of Sluis and Bruges inland.

The Zwin inlet was formed originally by a storm that broke through the Flemish coast in 1134, creating a tidal channel that reached some 15 km inland and was also connected, through another channel, to the mouth of the Scheldt further north-east. The new waterway offered access to the sea to the inland city of Bruges, which consequently rose to become one of the foremost medieval port cities of Europe. The towns of Damme, Sluis and Sint Anna ter Muiden were also located on the Zwin. However, from the late 13th century onwards, the channel was affected by progressive silting, which from around 1500 caused the waterway to become unusable and cut off the harbour of Bruges from the sea.

The present-day nature reserve was founded in 1952. It has an area of 1.25 square kilometres in Knokke-Heist, Belgium and 0.33 square kilometres in Sluis, Netherlands. It is famous for its large variety in salt-resistant flora, such as sea lavender. It is also popular with bird watchers. There is a small zoo with some major domestic birds and it is one of the few places in Belgium with a population of white storks.

In March 1986 it was declared a Wetland of International Importance.

Sea battles
The Battle of Damme was fought on 30 May and 31 May 1213. The success of the English raids ended the threat of a French invasion of England.

The Battle of Sluys was a sea battle fought on 24 June 1340 as one of the opening conflicts of the Hundred Years' War between England and France.

During the Eighty Years' War between the Dutch Republic and Spain, the Battle of Sluys on 26 May 1603 was a naval battle in which a Spanish squadron tried to break through a blockade of the Zwin by Dutch ships.

title: Zwin


text:
HMS Bruiser

Several ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Bruiser or HMS Bruizer.

 * HMS Bruiser (1797) was an Acute-class gun-brig launched in 1797 and sold in 1802.
 * HMS Bruiser (1804) was an Archer-class gun-brig launched in 1804. She was sold in 1815.
 * HMS Bruiser (1854) was the former Robert Stephenson, an iron steam-powered ship purchased on the stocks and launched in 1854. She was renamed Bruiser in June 1855, employed as a floating flour mill during the Crimean War and sold in 1857.
 * HMS Bruiser (1867) was a Britomart-class gunboat launched in 1867 and broken up at Devonport in 1886.
 * HMS Bruiser (1895) was an Ardent-class destroyer launched in 1895 and sold in 1914
 * HMS Bruiser (F127) was a Landing Ship, Tank launched in 1942 and sold in 1946. Converted to a passenger ship in 1951 and scrapped in 1968.
 * HMS Bruiser (1945) was a Tank landing ship launched in 1945 as HMS LST 3025. She was renamed HMS Bruiser in 1947 and sold in 1954.
 * HMS Bruiser was intended as a Batch 2 Type 22 frigate, but was renamed as HMS Sheffield (F96) before being laid down.

Battle honours
Ships named Bruiser have earned the following battle honours:
 * Sicily, 1943
 * Salerno, 1944
 * Anzio, 1944
 * Atlantic, 1944
 * South France, 1944
 * Aegean, 1944

title: HMS Bruiser


text:
Talk:Ultimate (sport)

Headings
I've long disliked the state this article is in, so I'm going to try to revamp it a bit. The first thing that must be done is figuring out what warrants inclusion into the article. Looking at Chess, an FA, as a model, I would go in this order: Rules (not including variants), Strategy, History, Competition (with subsections on different levels of play, tournaments, etc.) and Variants. I'm not sure where Spirit of the Game should be, perhaps a subsection of Rules. If no one says anything, I'm going to be bold and start. Mm40 (talk) 12:54, 20 September 2009 (UTC)
 * I've removed the section on spirit games, but left the spirit section, for now. I think it should be shortened to one sentence and included in a different section. Beach drifter (talk) 19:24, 9 March 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm not so sure Spirit Games should be edited out. It is a significant part of the Ultimate culture. In any case, if it is edited out then that paragraph should be renamed (done!) "Spirit of the Game", and not just "Spirit". There's a big difference.Dlivnat (talk) 21:43, 9 March 2010 (UTC)
 * I agree, Spirit of the Game is a large enough part of ultimate that it needs some amount of coverage in the article. I'm not really convinced it need it's own section however. As for any other 'spirit' type things, I'm totally against them. Beach drifter (talk) 04:51, 10 March 2010 (UTC)
 * I've used the competition idea by Mm40. I made several level two headings into one, and made them level 3.  The level 2 heading is "competition." On an unrelated note, I'm trying to find out about international college competition. ~ Gosox ( 55 )( 55 ) 13:45, 12 July 2010 (UTC)

175 grams? 6 ounces? 15.432 grains? or perhaps $$1.05387476\cdot10^{26}$$ atomic mass units?
I don't think that there's any need to write the disc's weight in anything other than grams.
 * There are many measurement systems and units, but we can't write in all of them all the time
 * The Ultimate disc is known world wide by players for weighing 175gr. If you ask an ultimate player how much an Ultimate disc weighs you'll get the answer in grams, regardless of where that player is from.
 * look at stores that make and sell Ultimate discs in the US and Canada (Discraft, VC). They all write the weight in grams.

Unless anyone has any strong objections I will remove the (6 oz) note.Dlivnat (talk) 15:47, 20 March 2010 (UTC)
 * I agree, remove, it. While the conversion is accurate, 175g is the only thing ever mentioned. Beach drifter (talk) 06:32, 21 March 2010 (UTC)

 * Done.-- Henry  talk  21:24, 22 March 2010 (UTC)

I don't have a strong objection to removing the 6 oz note (which is why I didn't start a new section with this being so old), but I would like to point out that this is the English language Wikipedia, and approximately 65% of English speakers use the US Customary Units as their primary system of measurement - 6 oz is far more informative to them than 175 grams. .אבי נ (talk) 16:22, 16 September 2015 (UTC)

 * My impression is that 175g is the formal criteria. Also, gram are generally considered the "formal" measurement unit, again my impression Jazi Zilber (talk) 22:37, 16 September 2015 (UTC)

 * While I can understand the idea behind leaving in the 6oz as it is the typical measurement used for weight/mass in the U.S. part of the reason that the measurement is always listed as 175g is due to it being the international standard, as far as I am aware. As an American that plays the sport I have never seen a disc advertised as weighing 6oz nor would I have an understanding of what 6oz feels like. I agree that the note about 6oz should have been removed as it does not add to the description of the disc in a meaningful way.JMcT20 (talk) 19:10, 22 November 2020 (UTC)

Defense or Defence?
Either way, the article must be consistent and we should stick to one way of spelling the word throughout the article. Personally, I vote for defense because:
 * It is more common (113m results in google vs 52m for defence)
 * The article in Wikipedia is spelled defense.
 * In the UPA rules and website it is always spelled: defense.

I will change the section back to defense now. I suggest anyone who wishes to change this discuss it here first.Dlivnat (talk) 20:50, 5 April 2010 (UTC)

Latest Addition
I've tried explaining to mimiken why their addition to the article is not notable enough for inclusion, that we can't list every long running pick up game simply because it is important to them or even notable locally. He/She continues to add the information back and I am unwilling to continue to revert. Beach drifter (talk) 19:34, 15 April 2010 (UTC)
 * I agree. There's no reason to include this in the article.Dlivnat (talk) 10:55, 16 April 2010 (UTC)

The 'Origins' part of this page should be deleted so I did just that. Then I got called out for vandalism? WTF? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.102.35.94 (talk) 19:34, 13 July 2010 (UTC)

Title
Does anyone else find the title really pretentious? The sport is frisbee -- 'ultimate' was added to distinguish the organized sport from playing it leisurely. At best, the wiki article should be "Ultimate Frisbee", with a parenthetical stating it's often shortened to "Ultimate". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.164.31.14 (talk) 18:33, 20 August 2010 (UTC)

 * The sport as played by two teams is called 'Ultimate Frisbee', or more commonly 'Ultimate' due to the fact that a company owns all the rights associated witht eh word 'frisbee' in conjuction with cpinning plastic discs. With all sports there is usually a distinction between organised sports and the same game played casually without the full set of rules, regulations and points system.Discojim (talk) 02:43, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Do people really give a damn about trademarks? Just title it Ultimate Frisbee! I mean, seriously! — Preceding unsigned comment added by VegetaSaiyan (talk • contribs) 22:30, 27 August 2011 (UTC)

 * I always assumed calling it 'Ultimate' was simply short for 'Ultimate Frisbee', but the trademark thing is a valid point. And I hear you VegetaSaiyan. Eaj15 (talk) 19:01, 12 September 2011 (UTC)

 * It's always been called Ultimate or Ultimate Frisbee, I understand the trademark issue, but Frisbee has become a generic term and sounds right, at least for someone that grew up with it. I suggest 'Disc ultimate'. It's more difinitive. I thought about 'Ultimate disc' but it sounds to much like a reference to the disc.Audra454 (talk) 15:25, 29 December 2011 (UTC)

 * WP: COMMONNAME states that we should use Ultimate Frisbee, due to it being more common. VegetaSaiyan (talk) 14:29, 1 January 2012 (UTC)

 * It's not more common, though. See:
 * http://www.usaultimate.org/index.html
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Ultimate
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Ultimate_Disc_League

 * Also, why are we using capital letters for the name of this sport in the article? It's "baseball", not "Baseball"... trhaynes (talk) 21:45, 26 February 2014 (UTC)

The same game played casually isn't even "Ultimate Frisbee", it's "Frisbee Football". Ultimate (with or without "Frisbee") is already the stuffy formal organized version of the casual game of Frisbee football. I'm wondering why this article doesn't even mention Frisbee football.
 * https://www.sportsrec.com/232339-how-to-play-frisbee-football.html
 * https://funandgames.org/frisbee-football/ 2001:4898:A800:1010:1876:7611:B58:AEF2 (talk) 15:13, 16 March 2022 (UTC)

another version of ultimate
Shouldn't "mini ultimate" be included as a variant? http://www.ultipedia.org/wiki/Mini_Ultimate — Preceding unsigned comment added by 199.46.245.230 (talk) 20:37, 13 June 2011 (UTC)

Sport of pussies?
the last sentence in the first parragraph reads "Many people have a tendency to view it as the sport of pussies." i know everyone is entitled to their opinion but doesnt that break some of the rules of wikipedia. should it remain like that? i did a quick google search for "sport of pussies" and it doesnt seem to be an idiomatic expression or slang or anything like that, most of the results sounded like porn, and this wikipedia article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.48.210.197 (talk) 06:54, 13 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Removed. --Closedmouth (talk) 06:57, 13 February 2012 (UTC)

AUDL
The AUDL (American Ultimate Disc League) will be playing it's inaugural season this fall. I believe it could be a noteworthy contribution to this article because it is the first attempt (to my knowledge) at a professional Ultimate league. Along with this, rule changes (such as the inclusion of referees) will significantly affect how the game is played. More information can be found here: http://theaudl.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=1. Kbraunnj (talk) 16:46, 11 March 2012 (UTC)

Hoax - Epic Ultimate
I play Ultimate, and I have never heard of Epic Ultimate. The section has been added on 11th of July, by new members, with a lot of text for the section, and the outside Internet (including Ultipedia) knows nothing about it. It looks like a humorous hoax. --Zbraniecki (talk) 16:33, 23 July 2012 (UTC)

Dimensions of the field?
I came to this page hoping to find the dimensions of a regulation-sized field and was disappointed. If anyone knows the field dimensions I think it should be included in the article. I'm back. I found the dimensions on a wiki commons page. If these are correct I believe it should be added. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ultimate_field.png — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.172.51.144 (talk) 01:58, 11 September 2012 (UTC)
 * Done. Since you did the legwork and found what you were looking for, why didn't you contribute and add it yourself? Be bold. Mbarbier (talk) 20:06, 26 October 2012 (UTC)

Don't know how to fix and add proper citations, but the field dimensions listed for USA Ultimate rules are incorrect. The correct field dimensions are at the following link: https://usaultimate.org/rules/#appendix_a 24.151.103.37 (talk) 03:44, 31 May 2022 (UTC)
 * fixed Jazi Zilber (talk) 23:15, 31 May 2022 (UTC)

History
This section is basically just a history of the Frisbee -- not of Ultimate Frisbee or organized play; I'm not sure what purpose it serves in its current form. L.cash.m (talk) 21:48, 2 March 2013 (UTC)
 * I think it's useful in that it provides an in depth explanation as to why "frisbee" is not in the sport's name. BenHochstedler (talk) 13:44, 3 March 2013 (UTC)

lede photo
The photo in the infobox is not ideal for several reasons. The soccer goal may be confusing to people not familiar with the game, everyone is facing away from the camera (perhaps this was intentional for anonymity, nevertheless it is distancing), the personal articles on the ground are distracting, and the angle of the shot is not ideal to view the play.

We need a new intro pic. Upload your favorite ulty shots.

Here's one (not the best) to get started:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7b/Ultimateplay.jpg/800px-Ultimateplay.jpg      Ggpauly (talk) 02:42, 16 February 2014 (UTC)

The Ultimate in Japan article should be re-written not merged
Each country that plays ultimate should have their own article. This article Ultimate in Japan was either a bad translation from Japanese or written by someone that doesn't have English as their first language. The Japanese are great competitors in ultimate and other disc sports and this article needs a re-write with references. Facts are wrong, there's no way ultimate was introduced to Japan in 1969, at the earliest it could have been introduced would be in the mid to late 1970s. Where's the evidence that it was introduced, by who? league start ups? tournament dates? promotions? Joel Silver did not invent ultimate, Jared Kass did and taught Silver the game at summer camp. This was not written by someone that knows ultimate, the language is weird and I see evidence of vandalism. There are not enough references. Ultimate in Japan should have it's own article but it should be re-written with facts. 24.116.25.28 (talk) 12:14, 3 January 2015 (UTC)

 * The early history of Japanese ultimate should be included in the main ultimate article. Looking at the google translation of refs for the Ultimate in Japan article, it isn't clear that there is any early history of ultimate per se in Japan there (distinguished from frisbee sports in general in Japan).  Why isn't a Japanese language version of Ultimate in Japan listed?  If one exists that should be the main article on this topic (I would think).  Tournament results of Japanese teams could be summarized there, optionally translated into an English language version.  Recent wins for Japanese international teams are given in the ultimate article, however these should be replaced with more recent results in the future. Ggpauly (talk) 02:38, 24 January 2015 (UTC)

I agree that the early history of ultimate in japan should be included in the main ultimate (sport) article. There is a Japanese language article ultimate アルティメット but no Japanese history and no references, just incomplete US Ultimate history. It's mostly just a "how to" article. I know that Japans Frisbee history begins in the mid 70s when Wham-O sent some demonstrators there and Japan sent their first team to compete at the WFC Rose Bowl 76-77.24.116.25.28 (talk) 12:03, 5 February 2015 (UTC)

About the title
About the title, we still call it ultamite frisbee here i n the US. 73.254.189.112 (talk) 01:35, 28 April 2016 (UTC)Anonomuyus

Hexagon / mexican offense?>??
what is this for god sake?

Never heard on this one. And there was no Ho stack section.

I think This hexagon thing should be removed. Otherwise, we should list here another ten unheard of offensive stacks. German offense etc. etc. makes no sense.... Jazi Zilber (talk) 05:29, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Strategy section. Blanking and sources
An anon user is continually removing information from this page. It does need references, but was only just tagged for it and the tag should be given time before anything is removed. I invite the user to comment with their specific concerns here. 331dot (talk) 18:56, 5 June 2016 (UTC)

 * Seconded.
 * The strategy part was here for years. Most of it is commonly known conventions, so for most Ultimate players it feels ridiculous to ask for references for it.
 * Or course, references for those can be provided. But blanking is vandalism. Jazi  Zilber (talk) 15:05, 6 June 2016 (UTC)

 * Do you think the whole old strategy section should stay as it is?
 * I am sure finding references is easy. But until then, do you think all of it should stay the same?
 * I had a chat with the admin that did the page protection over here

 * page got protected for 48 hours only. But take a look so you get the gist.... Jazi Zilber (talk) 17:12, 6 June 2016 (UTC)

 * I believe the correct procedure is WP:BRD; once the removal was reverted, the page should have remained as it was before the removal so the issues could be discussed. I think the references needed tag should have been given time to work before the page was blanked and that the IP user should use a little common sense instead of being wrapped up in rules. 331dot (talk) 17:57, 6 June 2016 (UTC)

 * Totally agree. The mod also in the talk saw my point. If you wish to handle it once open, its better. As i might not do it correctly with procedure etc. thanks a lot Jazi Zilber (talk) 19:35, 6 June 2016 (UTC)

WP:PROVEIT is very clear and is policy. "Any material lacking a reliable source directly supporting it may be removed and should not be restored without an inline citation to a reliable source."(emphasis mine) The Strategy section was un-sourced, and the policy I quoted leaves no room for "I like it and it makes sense to me so it should be there even though it is unproven". Accusations of vandalism are unfounded and inappropriate when you are the ones violating policy. 162.18.172.11 (talk) 14:08, 7 June 2016 (UTC)

 * You should first put in reference needed tag. Then after awhile you can remove.
 * WP:PROVEIT is apt for out of the blue long section.
 * When a basic part of an article (commonly known for people familiar with the subject) lacks sources. You ask for them. Not remove it.
 * 1) Are you familiar with the game? Because one needs not to be playing the game to treat it as PROVEIT
 * 2) Can you please use a user account if you wish to engage in editing fights?
 * 3) Until we have a consensus. Do not force your opinion against the established version unless there is consensus in the talk page Jazi Zilber (talk) 19:16, 8 June 2016 (UTC)

 * I'll second what YechezkelZilber has said. A reference needed tag should be given time to work.  Alternatively, in the first place, a post on the talk page requesting sources would also have worked, or at the bare minimum a thoughtful and polite explanation as to the reasoning for such a drastic edit instead of throwing policies in people's faces.  You accomplish more with honey than with vinegar.  No one has denied that references are needed- but there are ways to address the situation that give people the chance to fix the problem.  Policies do not trump consensus. 331dot (talk) 21:31, 8 June 2016 (UTC)
 * 2 people does not make consensus 2601:281:8100:4883:394C:2226:CB2F:3772 (talk) 04:34, 9 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Neither does one person. You should collaborate with others and work together to achieve goals you have that others actually agree with in principle. The point here is that the maintenance tag should be given time to work instead of throwing policies in people's faces without giving a chance for the issue to be fixed, or at least a polite, thoughtful explanation should be given for such a drastic edit. 331dot (talk) 15:09, 9 June 2016 (UTC)

Merging information from Ken Westerfield
From reading the Ken Westerfield page, it seems to mostly just be a history of Ultimate. I think most of it should be either moved into this article or just deleted, with the information more specific to Westerfield himself remaining a part of his article. 57purple (talk) 00:15, 4 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I tend to agree. Someone seems to be spending an enormous amount of time promoting this figure. Is he truly notable? Learner001 (talk) 16:11, 10 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Hall of fame in 3 sports tends to say yes he is notable. Remember a bad article is not a reason to delete. GuzzyG (talk) 10:38, 18 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Absolutely not. Ken is mostly freestyle frisbee, and is very much a long biographical page. Nothing to do with merging to here.
 * *maybe* copy a little bit to history part here. But this page here is not a long book on Ultimate pre history. History piece here is aptly short. The article is about Ultimate the game. And is long enough anyhow.... Jazi Zilber (talk) 18:11, 19 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I'm happy to agree then that he's notable and shouldn't have the page deleted, but to me it still seems that there's too much information about the history of Ultimate. I should probably admit though, I suggested this hoping someone else would pop up willing to actually move any necessary information across, I'm not great with these sorts of long biographical articles. 57purple (talk) 02:05, 22 July 2016 (UTC)

Recurring vandalism - this page needs protection
Only registered users should be able to edit here.

Look at the last 10-15 edits. All IP edits were vandalism.

I am also including this nut that keeps deleting sections he does not like. And never heard on the tag of asking ofr references.

Please help folks Jazi Zilber (talk) 13:37, 9 September 2016 (UTC)

vandalistic deletions and references requests
Anonymous editors come here and delete sections wholesale because they want references.

Wikipedia does NOT work like that.

IF a part lacks referenes, you tag it as "" to note that it needs proper sources.

ALSO, you notify the issue in the talk page.

IF this lack of references is not rectified, the correct way is to look up the references yourself instead of punishing the page.

Only after all the above can deletion be used. Jazi Zilber (talk) 16:45, 30 September 2016 (UTC)

 * WP:V Says otherwise. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:281:8202:522C:850D:8E1E:8C7D:4D93 (talk) 23:35, 1 October 2016 (UTC)

German offense?
I recall it being 4 - 1 -2 structure (4 handlers, 1 mid, and 2 deeps on both sides).

 * german offense discussion

I think the current feature german isolation mixes it up.

Iso is a single cut feature. where one cutter is isolated. it can happen in various structures. German is a general offense structure.

The text in the article sounds muddy to me Jazi Zilber (talk) 13:13, 24 December 2016 (UTC)

The Ultimate_field_length is wrong
In the picture of playing field the endzones are 23m deep, which is wrong, because that would add up to (23+64+23)m = 110m, The correct size is 18m, (18+64+18) = 100m — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2003:45:CC23:AC8F:2C84:1695:A690:45DC (talk) 11:06, 7 December 2017 (UTC)

The rules, as far as I recall (not 100% sure), give a minimum, but not a maximum or a standard. So there might be deviations. There are also differences between WFDF, AUDL, and the (now defunct) MLU.

Add in, yards to Meter conversion, and you get a decent mess.... Jazi Zilber (talk) 18:38, 9 December 2017 (UTC)

The WFDF Rules have their field length as 100 m. The USA ultimate have the field length as 110m, with a proposal to change it to 100m in the 2020-2021 rules. Nolookscoobs (talk) 11:13, 7 August 2019 (UTC)

Deletion of article, and then deletion of redlinks
Could {{{ping|Graham87}} or please explain why the article was deleted, as I don't see a clear explanation in the deletion log? I tripped over this when I noticed that had deleted a large number of links to the article. Even if the current article was deleted I can't see the logic of deleting all the redlinks, as the number of links suggested that an article was wanted. --David Biddulph (talk) 11:44, 22 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I was automatically unlinking all the redlinks from deleted articles using twinkle as sometimes admins forget to do it. . Give me a trout if you like. I should have realised when it said there was over 500 links. [Username Needed] 11:49, 22 February 2018 (UTC)
 * I think I got 'em all. From the deletion log, it looks like there was a history merge. ~  Amory  (u • t • c) 12:13, 22 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Indeed, that's what happened. I needed DeHexer to delete the page because he's a steward, and they are the only users who can delete pages that contain more than 5,000 edits. The restoration of the page took quite a bit longer than I thought it would; I'm sorry about that. Graham 87 13:43, 22 February 2018 (UTC)
 * FWIW, I cross-checked the contribs of Username Needed and Amorymeltzer and the only delinking I needed to revert was at the 1970s article. Graham 87 14:13, 22 February 2018 (UTC)

mix
Article states: ''mixed ultimate, usually it is 4-3, meaning either 4 men and 3 women at a time or 4 women and 3 men on the line. ''

"Usually" meaning that is what is commonly agreed upon between teams, or what is usually rule on official tournaments? Is it necessary for both teams to have the same number of men/women? 95.178.180.187 (talk) 05:59, 1 April 2020 (UTC)
 * From what I know this rules changes and depends on the organization... 81.4.100.172 (talk) 21:27, 2 May 2020 (UTC)

Articles for deletion/Vancouver Furious George (2nd nomination)
The above Candaian college Ultimate team has survived two AfDs and is facing a third. It would be nice if the keep arguments for sports organisations that don't fit NSPORT were clearer, so that the keep and delete contingents don't keep talking past each other. — Charles Stewart (talk) 11:48, 25 June 2020 (UTC)

Flexagon
As much as Felix says it's revolutionary, flex defence is just an amalgamation of other ideas about defence, like switching and bracketing. This content is mostly covered by the other sections of defence in my opinion. Tasmanmillen (talk) 02:56, 3 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I changed the kind of nonsensical wording "A separate type of defense" to "A combinatory type of defense". The terms are sourced, so I don't see a good reason to suppress them out of the article, just not to use misleading wording about them.  — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  11:54, 3 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ultimate (sport)


text:
Star schema

In computing, the star schema or star model is the simplest style of data mart schema and is the approach most widely used to develop data warehouses and dimensional data marts. The star schema consists of one or more fact tables referencing any number of dimension tables. The star schema is an important special case of the snowflake schema, and is more effective for handling simpler queries.

The star schema gets its name from the physical model's resemblance to a star shape with a fact table at its center and the dimension tables surrounding it representing the star's points.

Model
The star schema separates business process data into facts, which hold the measurable, quantitative data about a business, and dimensions which are descriptive attributes related to fact data. Examples of fact data include sales price, sale quantity, and time, distance, speed and weight measurements. Related dimension attribute examples include product models, product colors, product sizes, geographic locations, and salesperson names.

A star schema that has many dimensions is sometimes called a centipede schema. Having dimensions of only a few attributes, while simpler to maintain, results in queries with many table joins and makes the star schema less easy to use.

Fact tables
Fact tables record measurements or metrics for a specific event. Fact tables generally consist of numeric values, and foreign keys to dimensional data where descriptive information is kept. Fact tables are designed to a low level of uniform detail (referred to as "granularity" or "grain"), meaning facts can record events at a very atomic level. This can result in the accumulation of a large number of records in a fact table over time. Fact tables are defined as one of three types:

 * Transaction fact tables record facts about a specific event (e.g., sales events)
 * Snapshot fact tables record facts at a given point in time (e.g., account details at month end)
 * Accumulating snapshot tables record aggregate facts at a given point in time (e.g., total month-to-date sales for a product)

Fact tables are generally assigned a surrogate key to ensure each row can be uniquely identified. This key is a simple primary key.

Dimension tables
Dimension tables usually have a relatively small number of records compared to fact tables, but each record may have a very large number of attributes to describe the fact data. Dimensions can define a wide variety of characteristics, but some of the most common attributes defined by dimension tables include:

 * Time dimension tables describe time at the lowest level of time granularity for which events are recorded in the star schema
 * Geography dimension tables describe location data, such as country, state, or city
 * Product dimension tables describe products
 * Employee dimension tables describe employees, such as sales people
 * Range dimension tables describe ranges of time, dollar values or other measurable quantities to simplify reporting

Dimension tables are generally assigned a surrogate primary key, usually a single-column integer data type, mapped to the combination of dimension attributes that form the natural key.

Benefits
Star schemas are denormalized, meaning the typical rules of normalization applied to transactional relational databases are relaxed during star-schema design and implementation. The benefits of star-schema denormalization are:

 * Simpler queries – star-schema join-logic is generally simpler than the join logic required to retrieve data from a highly normalized transactional schema.
 * Simplified business reporting logic – when compared to highly normalized schemas, the star schema simplifies common business reporting logic, such as period-over-period and as-of reporting.
 * Query performance gains – star schemas can provide performance enhancements for read-only reporting applications when compared to highly normalized schemas.
 * Fast aggregations – the simpler queries against a star schema can result in improved performance for aggregation operations.
 * Feeding cubes – star schemas are used by all OLAP systems to build proprietary OLAP cubes efficiently; in fact, most major OLAP systems provide a ROLAP mode of operation which can use a star schema directly as a source without building a proprietary cube structure.

Example
Consider a database of sales, perhaps from a store chain, classified by date, store and product. The image of the schema to the right is a star schema version of the sample schema provided in the snowflake schema article.

is the fact table and there are three dimension tables,   and.

Each dimension table has a primary key on its  column, relating to one of the columns (viewed as rows in the example schema) of the   table's three-column (compound) primary key. The non-primary key  column of the fact table in this example represents a measure or metric that can be used in calculations and analysis. The non-primary key columns of the dimension tables represent additional attributes of the dimensions (such as the  of the   dimension).

For example, the following query answers how many TV sets have been sold, for each brand and country, in 1997:

title: Star schema


text: User:K.lee/images

title: User:K.lee/images


text:
Talk:Desert Combat

Untitled
Shouldn't this article be deleted since, after all, every other BF1942 mod article seems to have been deleted? Nothing distinguishing about Desert Combat seems to set it apart from other prestigious BF1942 mods, like Forgotten Hope. If you delete one, you should delete all. - Johan
 * This articles has sources from CNN, the other articles don't BJ Talk 17:42, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I found this article useful. As time goes on general web sources of information for games like this "atrophy" and information on them disappear (the authors' webpages have a link to a non-existent fileplanet pages and no definitive information on what was the last version of the mod).  Information on the games becomes "historically significant".  So I'd vote for a keep.

 * Now related to what I came here for - I read that a few of the developers continued and released a "Desert Combat Final" - but that is treated almost seperately as an "add on to the add-on". Yet the "latest version" box on the page here simply says "Final".  Does that mean one should go looking for a "Desert Combat Final"?  Does that really count as a "Desert Combat" version?  Or just one of the many possible modified versions of the real final v0.7 version?  I've found references to "Desert Combat Final" being v0.8 (requires v0.7) and "v8 Final Patch".  IE: IF a person wanted to go play Desert Combat nowdays - what specific version should they go looking for?  Are all servers either "DC-Final v0.8" or is there a pool ov v0.7 servers AND servers playing mods of the mod including "Final"?
 * CraigWyllie 04:03, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I think one of the news articles from the Desert Combat home page best explain it., link to the homepage. I think the development team was split up at that point, I'm not sure if Desert Combat FINAL is an offical version of Desert Combat, but if it wasn't it was made as an 'unoffical final version' by several people who worked on Desert Combat, as I don't think DC v0.7 was considered finished.  However, even if it is unoffical, and it is 'only' a mod, the Desert Combat homepage's article leads me to belive that it was only unoffical due to the fact that Trauma Studios became too tied up to work on it as a team. SaderBiscut 23:18, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

 * The last 'official' version of Desert Combat is .7; version .8 aka DC_Final was contributed to by most the original developers, plus some fans. this was because of the reasons mentioned above by SaderBiscut, and some possible political issues arising from the DICE acquisition of Trauma. Barake (talk) 02:31, 4 August 2008 (UTC)

Desert Combat is the most advanced and polished of Battlefield 1942 mods. The map areas are far more intricate, though the gameplay is much faster due to more effective vehicles. The combat kits are more interesting, though they may not be as balanced. -Dan Smith

Added a few missing weapons/vehicles, cleaned/clarified links on a few others(process uncompleted due to Wikipedia's article text search shutting off partway through). Notes: I left the 'MH-53' Link I added as just that as I have no clue which variant it actually is. The game has it listed as simply 'MH-53' so I left it at that. PSS was left unlinked for a simple reason, I was unable to track down what the heck it actually is. It is used as the secondary weapon for the VSS Iraqi SpecOps weapons kit. It is a small, very quiet pistol with an eight-round clip. More details I do not know, part of why I couldn't figure out what it was to link to it. I'd have linked it anyway except PSS is a Disamb page for several unrelated things and would be deceptive. Didn't touch the maps, someone else can update to the new DC_Final mapslist. -Graptor 216.68.196.91 (talk) 05:41, 3 January 2005

Went through the weapons again, finished what I started. Did some more research as to what the remaining unknown weapons were, and Changed links accordingly. Article for the Skorpion is missing as far as I can tell, but that's definetly the right gun. Tabuk Sniper Rifle according to my (admittedly somewhat cursory) research appears to be a specially made Iraqi rifle that consists of derivatives of several other designs, so I left that alone(source: http://www.pmulcahy.com/sniper_rifles/iraqi_sniper_rifles.htm ). I actually was able to track down the PSS this time as well. It expands to 'Pistolet Sptsialnyj Samozaryadnyj' according to http://world.guns.ru/handguns/hg24-e.htm, which translates as 'Special Self-loading pistol'(a Designation I found on several other sites as well). Unable to find any other designation for it, so I left it unlinked for the time being. Someone else with more experience can figure out what to do with that. -Graptor 66.42.156.231 (talk) 09:18, 21 April 2005

 * If I recall when this article was young it had a weapons list already, but it was removed because it was irrelevant. If you want to continue your weapons work I suggest viewing the page a few years back. Cheers Sgt Simpson (talk) 13:44, 13 January 2009 (UTC)

 * It WAS several years ago. I was more of a wikinoob at the time and hadn't figured out how to sign it, or something.  The first post is 05:41, 3 January 2005 216.68.196.91, the second is 09:18, 21 April 2005 66.42.156.231.  The second and third edits EVER to the talk page.  Someone started putting stuff out of order! -Graptor 208.102.243.30 (talk) 06:35, 8 September 2009 (UTC)
 * Come to think of it...why don't I just... better. -Graptor 208.102.243.30 (talk) 06:41, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

 * It had a weapons list that I majorly contributed to until it was deleted a little over 2 months ago. Nohomers48 (talk) 07:31, 8 September 2009 (UTC)
 * It already had one when I stumbled upon it in January 2005, but a fair portion of the weapons had overly generic labels ("Beretta" "Squad Automatic Weapon" "Abrams" etc) which is what I fixed initially. Came back a few months later and linked a couple I hadn't been able to find previously and did some minor changes to the links.  So yeah, I feel your pain. -Graptor 208.102.243.30 (talk) 22:21, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

added a "player trends" section
hi, added a player trends section about BF:DC

Debroglie 1 July 2005 18:34 (UTC)

"Desert Combat is the most advanced and polished of Battlefield 1942 mods. The map areas are far more intricate, though the gameplay is much faster due to more effective vehicles. The combat kits are more interesting, though they may not be as balanced. -Dan Smith"

This is BS, but the poster most likely knew this. The MOD contains virtually nothing that other MODs didn't do before, it only managed to pull off a huge fanbase in the US (Since it's about US invading Iraq..go figure.)

Incorrect, it was able to make air ground and sea combat mesh seemlessly and provide a fun experience with totally user created content in a modern warfare zone -Sgt Simpson

 * You are incorrect. Have you ever played any other mod or even BF1942 - the game they modded on?

I hardly belive (have played many mods to Galatic conquest to the Vietnam one) that such mods are polished or have made an impact on the 1942 community such as Desert Combat, considering that the DC mod outnumbers any other mod tenfold and the unmodded game for quite some time

 * Your statement that it was the most advanced is still incorrect, nomatter what your opinion on its status is. And you are incorrect in stating that it had more players then the unmodded game. Zarkow 11:43, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

source?

the damn server finder, count for ur self

Fix the Player trends section
Many DC only trends were formed, none are mentioned such as the pop n drop, ill post link later

Desert Conflict?
Why have they been moved into this article?, they already state that they are no way affiliated with Desert Combat or Tramua, and they are essentiallly a carbon copy of Desert Combat, so what is the point of them being in this article when their contents list is going to be more or less the same as the real Desert Combat? They should be moved back into their own article where they were IMO.

Clean-up
I did some reformatting, but most of my efforts were into correcting vocabulary and grammer. also, I deleted the subjective statements within the article, which basically mean that anything that indicated opinions were removed. remember, this is a online encyclopedia, not a forum for discussion. if you were to check the history, the changes under 202.156.6.54 were also mine - I forgot to log in. cheers.--Ariedartin 16:44, 29 April 2006 (UTC)

Media Attention-section
It's written: "Desert Combat has been featured on many media websites such as CNN, Reuters, Washington Post, and other computer magazines. This is remarkable, considering that usually only the games themselves will attract media attention rather than their mods." First of all it's not correct in giving an impression that no other mods have repeated attension in computer-magazines. On the contrary, most magazines have mod-sections. Secondly the mod was on CNN and so on since the US was going into war with...Iraq. The mod is about the conflict of -91, but still had the very same topic.

Other mods have also been shown in [their] national mainstream media and surely would be even more so if their country went into war and a mod was about just that conflict... Zarkow 11:47, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

ok Desert Combat covers both gulf wars

Nop. Just the first one. I suppose one could take the "because their both in the desert and only 12 years apart" aproach, but Desert Combat is based on Desert Storm. SaderBiscut 19:24, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

look at some of the map names, the correspond to battles in gulf war 2 (especially DCF)

Proposed merge
DCX should NOT be merged into this page - although they have similar names and share content, they are entirely different. Just because Desert Combat is a modified version of Battlefield 1942 doesn't mean that their articles should be merged, by the same token just because DCX is a modified version of Desert Combat doesn't mean that those articles should be merged. Cynical 21:01, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

i was against it before, but then i realized that DCX was a DCom mod, and realism was in it, so im like what the hell, go ahead

There should be no merger, but this page should have an outline of what Desert Combat Extended is, because it was an earlier mod. Similar to Counter-Strike: Condition Zero on the Counter-Strike page. Dallas 13:24, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

i think DCX should be merged with DC, but in a different heading.

As the creator of DCX, I think it needs to be seperate. DCX is very different and is now actually larger than the DC mod itself. I intend on editing the DCX page itself to dig deeper into what DCX is and what it does so it's best to keep it seperate. -- Zeuser

Cleanup
I cleaned the article up a little, removing POV statements and bits which I felt went into too much detail: an external link would be more suitable for that. EVOCATIVEINTRIGUE TALKTOME | EMAILME | IMPROVEME 10:50, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

nice clean up btw, i updated citations for cnn and washington post, but rueters, has ceased to exsist, as it is old news, there is a record of it exsisting here: http://www.desertcombat.com/?page=press

Sgt Simpson 06:26, 2 September 2006 (UTC)

Weapon list

 * The giant weapon list is ridiculous. I am taking it out.  Wickethewok 21:25, 10 December 2006 (UTC)
 * In general, giant massive lists in articles are bad. They reduce readability and usefulness of an article.  Its much better to convert what you can to prose and leave the rest out.  Wickethewok 21:28, 10 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I disagree. People ask about DC's features all the time. A feature list makes sense in an encyclopedia since it's a good reference point for all.

copyright
i just in essence wrote what it sayd on the desert combat site about DC, and apparently, im flagged for copyright infringment? i fail to see how
 * BJ Talk 08:09, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

still i fail to see
 * What you wrote has appeared at least on 3 different other sites before Wikipeida... BJ Talk 13:25, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Pwnageincommingyz1.png
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BetacommandBot (talk) 19:45, 5 December 2007 (UTC)

Quotes
"The way to Baghdad", displayed during loading screens... which shows real-life photos of the war in Iraq. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Andrewwan1980 (talk • contribs) 12:22, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Linux?
How does Desert Combat support Linux when Battlefield 1942 does not? --77.185.161.163 (talk) 21:36, 12 February 2012 (UTC)
 * They released the mod for Linux as well as Windows, and BF1942 does run on Linux, but one would require Wine in order to run it, as shown on this page: http://wine-reviews.net/games/battlefield-1942-on-linux-with-wine.html Nohomers48 (talk) 22:15, 12 February 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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Contested deletion
This article should not be speedily deleted for lack of asserted importance because... Fairly well sourced (if small) article. Nominator is a new account who has ONLY nominated articles for deletion. -- DP 76764 (Talk) 19:25, 6 July 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Desert Combat


text:
List of prime ministers of Cape Verde

This article lists the prime ministers of Cape Verde, an island country in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of West Africa, since the establishment of the office of prime minister in 1975. Pedro Pires was the first person to hold the office, taking effect on 8 July 1975. The incumbent is Ulisses Correia e Silva, having taken office on 22 April 2016.

List of officeholders
{{legend||African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC)|border=1px solid #aaa}} {{legend||African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV)|border=1px solid #aaa}} {{legend||Movement for Democracy (MpD)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
 * Political parties

title: List of prime ministers of Cape Verde


text:
Agoraphobic Nosebleed

Agoraphobic Nosebleed (abbreviated as ANb) is an American grindcore band. Its line-up has changed often over the years, with guitarist and drum programmer Scott Hull being the only continuous member. The current line-up includes vocalist Jay Randall, and Richard Johnson of Enemy Soil and Drugs of Faith, along with John Jarvis of Pig Destroyer and Fulgora on bass guitar.

History
Agoraphobic Nosebleed formed in 1994 in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States. They are known for rarely playing live, having played at the 2003 New England Metal and Hardcore Festival as an unscheduled appearance. The band Pig Destroyer cut its set short so Agoraphobic Nosebleed could play two songs and an intro. Twelve years later, the band finally played their first full live set at the 2015 edition of the Maryland Deathfest. Their second full live set was played on November 15, 2015, at the Housecore Horror Festival Part III in San Antonio, TX. In keeping with the band's aesthetic, no live drummer has been used at the performances.

In 2006, Hydra Head Records reissued Agoraphobic Nosebleed's 6" PCP Torpedo as a double disc set entitled PCP Torpedo/ANbRx. The first disc consists of the 10-song, 6-minute original EP. The second disc is over an hour's worth of remixes of songs from PCP Torpedo by breakcore and noise music artists such as Xanopticon, James Plotkin, Merzbow, and Justin Broadrick.

In 2009, the band released the album Agorapocalypse on Relapse, available as a CD, LP, and longbox CD. The split 7-inch with Crom was released a month later. In 2010, the band released a split 7-inch with The Endless Blockade for Relapse Records and a split 5" with A.N.S. for Tankcrimes Records. A split CD/LP with Despise You was released on Relapse in 2011. The December 2011 issue of Decibel Magazine included a flexi disc titled Make a Joyful Noise, and the December 2012 issue included a flexi disc containing the song "Merry Chrystmeth".

Agoraphobic Nosebleed is recording four EPs, each written in the preferred style of a specific member. Kat Katz's EP, Arc, was released in 2016. Randall is currently working on Drum Machine Gun 2, as well as doing a collaborative 7-inch with Wadge and a collaborative 12-inch with Black Mayonnaise.

On October 24, 2018, Kat Katz announced her departure from Agoraphobic Nosebleed due to "being bullied by dudes", the other remaining band members vehemently denies any such neglectful interaction with Katz but supported her leaving due to irreconcilable differences.

Musical style
Agoraphobic Nosebleed is one of the most well-known drum-machine grindcore bands, and has influenced many drum-machine grindcore bands. They are known for the brevity of their songs. The album Altered States of America features 100 songs (including one hidden) in just under 22 minutes, with many songs of 5 seconds or less, and the longest song being only 1:45.

Current members

 * Scott Hull (Pig Destroyer, ex-Anal Cunt, ex-Japanese Torture Comedy Hour) – guitar, drum programming
 * Jay Randall (ex-Isis, Japanese Torture Comedy Hour, Seal Team 666) – vocals, electronics
 * Richard Johnson (Enemy Soil, Drugs of Faith, Jesus of Nazareth) – vocals, formerly bass guitar
 * John Jarvis (ex-Pig Destroyer, Scour, Fulgora) – bass guitar

Former members

 * Joe – vocals (1995–1996)
 * Dom – vocals (1995–1996)
 * Aaron Ulcer – vocals (1997)
 * Sean Wipfli – vocals (1997)
 * J.R. Hayes – vocals (1999)
 * Carl Schultz – vocals (2002–2007)
 * Katherine Katz – vocals (2007–2018)

Studio albums

 * Honky Reduction (1998)
 * Frozen Corpse Stuffed with Dope (2002)
 * Altered States of America (2003)
 * Agorapocalypse (2009)

Other releases

 * 30 Song Demo cassette (1995)
 * Agoraphobic Nosebleed 7-inch (1996) (Bovine Records)
 * Split with Cattlepress LP (1997)
 * Split with Enemy Soil 7-inch (1997)
 * Split with Laceration 7-inch (1997)
 * Agoraphobic Nosebleed 7-inch (1997) (Clean Plate Records)
 * PCP Torpedo 6" (1998)
 * Split with Gob 7-inch (1998)
 * The Glue That Binds Us 7-inch (2006)
 * The Poacher Diaries split with Converge CD/LP (1999)
 * Split with Benümb 7-inch (2001)
 * Split with Halo 7-inch (2002)
 * Bestial Machinery (Discography Volume 1) 2xCD (2005)
 * PCP Torpedo/ANbRx 2xCD (2006)
 * Split with Kill the Client 7-inch (2007)
 * A Clockwork Sodom 7-inch (2007)
 * Domestic Powerviolence split with Apartment 213 CD/LP (2007)
 * Split with Total Fucking Destruction 7-inch (2007)
 * Altered States of America/ANbRx II 2xCD (2008)
 * Split with Insect Warfare 5"/mini-CD (2008)
 * Split with Crom 7-inch (2009)
 * Split with Endless Blockade 7-inch (2009)
 * Split with A.N.S. 5" (2010)
 * And on and On... split with Despise You CD/LP (2011)
 * Make a Joyful Noise flexi disc (2011)
 * "Merry Chrystmeth" flexi disc (2012)
 * Arc (2016)

title: Agoraphobic Nosebleed


text: Category:Christian philosophy

title: Category:Christian philosophy


text:
Spotlight (theatre lighting)

A spotlight (or followspot) is a powerful stage lighting instrument which projects a bright beam of light onto a performance space. Spotlights are controlled by a spotlight operator who tracks actors around the stage. Spotlights are most commonly used in concerts, musicals and large-scale presentations in which highlighting a specific mobile individual is critical. Spotlights are sometimes located overhead on catwalks. In some theatres, they may also be located in the control booth or purpose-built "spot booths" in addition to the catwalk.

Spotlights may be arranged in a variety of patterns for coverage. For example, they can be located to the back or rear of a theater and aimed at the stage in front of them. This location can become problematic due to the audience being distracted by fan noise or the spot operator speaking into their headset microphone. In circus and sports, spotlights may be arranged around the facility covering both sides and the ends. In a concert setting, they may be in a front of house (FOH) position, while other positions may have the spotlight upstage used as back or top light. Some concerts use truss spots on a truss downstage, but closer than catwalk spots in an amphitheater-style catwalk layout. In other places, spot locations are at the mercy of the architect who designed the space.

Characteristics of a typical spotlight include:

 * A strong light source, often a high-intensity discharge lamp with a high colour temperature.
 * A lens which can be manually focused.
 * A manual device to change the intensity of the beam, especially when an HID source which can not be electronically dimmed, is used.
 * An "iris" to adjust the size of the spot/angle of the beam.
 * A color magazine or "boomerang" consisting of several gel frames which can be swung in front of the beam.
 * Some sort of physical sight to assist in aiming is sometimes added onto the lamp by the operator.

Some spotlights can be fitted with colourchangers to colour the beam or gobo holders to create a variety of effects. Most spotlights can be fitted with colour gels.

title: Spotlight (theatre lighting)


text:
Distinct society

Distinct society (in la société distincte) is a political term especially used during constitutional debate in Canada, in the second half of the 1980s and in the early 1990s, and present in the two failed constitutional amendments, the Meech Lake Accord and the Charlottetown Accord. "Distinct society" refers to the uniqueness of the province of Quebec within Canada, although here the meaning of "unique" is vague and controversial.

Origin
Quebec is not explicitly declared distinct in the Constitution of Canada. However, constitutional scholar Peter Hogg argues that several parts of the Constitution already indicate Quebec has distinctiveness that should be reflected in law. Canadian federalism itself, bilingualism in the federal and Quebec legislatures, educational rights, and the acknowledgment of the importance of Roman Catholicism in Quebec were cited as examples.

Experts disagree on whether Quebec is a "distinct society" or "unique culture", and whether and how to enshrine such status in the Constitution. The term "distinct society" was invented as a description for Quebec by Jean Lesage, the Provincial Premier from 1960 to 1966. In addition to using this terminology, Lesage also advocated that Quebec's special status be recognized in the Constitution, which presaged the constitutional amendments later proposed in the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords. Lesage did not achieve his desired constitutional amendment as premier.

Quebec was also referred to as a distinct society by the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism.

The Meech Lake Accord
The Meech Lake Accord, proposed (but never enacted) amendments to the Constitution from 1987 to 1990, would have inserted the phrase "distinct society" into the Constitution Act, 1867 as part of the new section 2 of that Act (the original section 2 of the Act had already been repealed; currently there still is no section 2). In doing so, the Accord would have recognized the difference of Quebec from the rest of Canada, and perhaps implicitly recognized Quebec as a nation. As author Marjorie Bowker wrote, it was primarily a reference to Quebec's "laws, its language and its culture." The National Assembly of Quebec was then referred to in the Accord as having the power to protect Quebec's distinctiveness.

It is controversial as to whether Quebec can be referred to as a nation, and the use of that word in the official papers of the Accord would have probably doomed its approval in the rest of Canada. However, the "distinct society" euphemism itself seems to have shocked English Canadians, partly leading to the demise of the accord in the other provinces. Some critics, such as the Reform Party of Canada, saw it as granting special status to Quebec, which offended their vision of Canada in which all provinces are equal. Others feared that if the National Assembly was empowered to promote Quebec's distinctiveness, a provincial government might decide Quebec must secede in order to keep its distinctiveness.

Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa of the Quebec Liberal Party was a major advocate of the distinct society clause. He regarded it as granting Quebec powers that were vague and thus within the Quebec National Assembly's power to help determine; indeed, what makes Quebec distinct could change in the future, and the distinct society clause would still recognize Quebec's progress. The Prime Minister of Canada, Brian Mulroney of the Conservatives, however, had lower expectations for the legal change it signaled. It was revealed in The Secret Mulroney Tapes that he told Newfoundland Premier Clyde Wells that "distinct society" "means dick" (i.e. nothing).

Hogg was also confident the distinct society clause signalled little legal change. As he wrote in 1988, the distinct society clause is "an affirmation of sociological facts with little legal significance." He believed it was merely a reference to the fact that Quebec is the only province where most Canadians speak French rather than English and that Quebec is the only jurisdiction in Canada that practices civil law rather than common law. The only place in the Accord where he saw Quebec's distinct society given real substance was in the other provisions, as Quebec would gain more powers in regard to immigration. Hence, the only way Hogg saw the distinct society clause as having legal effect would be in how to read the rest of the Constitution, although he did not expect that adding a "distinct society" clause would have much practical impact. Rather than giving Quebec powers, he thought, the distinct society clause would recognize that Quebec already has powers that promote distinctiveness (e.g. educational powers), and, just as before the Meech Lake Accord, the use of these powers, even to protect the distinct society of Quebec, would be limited by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. While the Quebec government could infringe upon a right by saying Quebec's distinctiveness is a sufficient reason to do so under Section 1 of the Charter, Section 1 would still demand that the infringement be minimized.

The Accord also recognized that the distinct society clause did not undermine Canada's multiculturalism (protected under section 27 of the Charter) or Aboriginal community (protected under section 25 of the Charter and other constitutional provisions).

The Charlottetown Accord
The Charlottetown Accord (proposed amendments to the Constitution rejected in 1992) had a so-called "Canada clause" that would have also recognized Quebec as a distinct society. In this Accord, "distinct society" was more clearly defined as including "a French-speaking majority, a unique culture and a civil law tradition", and the Charter was specified as having to be interpreted with this in mind.

The 1995 referendum and beyond
In the run-up to the 1995 Quebec referendum, Prime Minister Jean Chrétien opposed recognition of Quebec's distinct society until he reversed himself shortly before the independence vote. However, Ontario Premier Mike Harris refused to support a constitutional amendment on the matter. A House of Commons resolution did endorse recognition of Quebec's distinct society. That recognition asked institutions of government "to take note of this recognition and be guided in their conduct accordingly." Since the death of the Meech and Charlottetown accords, the use of the expression has faded, replaced within Quebec with the term nation to describe Quebec, its people, and its state. On November 27, 2006, the federal House of Commons also voted to recognize the Québécois as a nation within Canada. As only a motion of the House, it is not legally binding.

Other euphemisms used mainly by federalist nationalists and federalists outside Quebec are different or unique society. The Calgary Declaration of 1997, for example, describes Quebec as "unique".

title: Distinct society


text:
User talk:Senor fjord

Welcome to my talk page! If you want to send me a message just append it to the bottom of this page.

Welcome to Wikipedia, Señor! --Ronaldo Guevara 08:18, 5 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks, Ronaldo! I'm sure I'll see you around the Philippines pages. --Senor fjord 06:05, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Senor fjord


text:
William Lawvere

Francis William Lawvere (February 9, 1937 – January 23, 2023) was an American mathematician known for his work in category theory, topos theory and the philosophy of mathematics.

Biography
Lawvere studied continuum mechanics as an undergraduate with Clifford Truesdell. He learned of category theory while teaching a course on functional analysis for Truesdell, specifically from a problem in John L. Kelley's textbook General Topology. Lawvere found it a promising framework for simple rigorous axioms for the physical ideas of Truesdell and Walter Noll. Truesdell supported Lawvere's application to study further with Samuel Eilenberg, a founder of category theory, at Columbia University in 1960.

Before completing the Ph.D. Lawvere spent a year in Berkeley as an informal student of model theory and set theory, following lectures by Alfred Tarski and Dana Scott. In his first teaching position at Reed College he was instructed to devise courses in calculus and abstract algebra from a foundational perspective. He tried to use the then current axiomatic set theory but found it unworkable for undergraduates, so he instead developed the first axioms for the more relevant composition of mappings of sets. He later streamlined those axioms into the Elementary Theory of the Category of Sets (1964) (Reprints, #11), which became an ingredient (the constant case) of elementary topos theory.

Lawvere died on January 23, 2023, at the age of 85.

Work
Lawvere completed his Ph.D at Columbia in 1963 with Eilenberg. His dissertation introduced the Category of Categories as a framework for the semantics of algebraic theories. During 1964–1967 at the Forschungsinstitut für Mathematik at the ETH in Zürich he worked on the Category of Categories and was especially influenced by Pierre Gabriel's seminars at Oberwolfach on Grothendieck's foundation of algebraic geometry. He then taught at the University of Chicago, working with Mac Lane, and at the City University of New York Graduate Center (CUNY), working with Alex Heller. Lawvere's Chicago lectures on categorical dynamics were a further step toward topos theory and his CUNY lectures on hyperdoctrines advanced categorical logic especially using his 1963 discovery that existential and universal quantifiers can be characterized as special cases of adjoint functors.

Back in Zürich for 1968–69 he proposed elementary (first-order) axioms for toposes generalizing the concept of the Grothendieck topos (see history of topos theory) and worked with the algebraic topologist Myles Tierney to clarify and apply this theory. Tierney discovered major simplifications in the description of Grothendieck "topologies". Anders Kock later found further simplifications so that a topos can be described as a category with products and equalizers in which the notions of map space and subobject are representable. Lawvere had pointed out that a Grothendieck topology can be entirely described as an endomorphism of the subobject representor, and Tierney showed that the conditions it needs to satisfy are just idempotence and the preservation of finite intersections. These "topologies" are important in both algebraic geometry and model theory because they determine the subtoposes as sheaf-categories.

Dalhousie University in 1969 set up a group of 15 Killam-supported researchers with Lawvere at the head; but in 1971 it terminated the group. Lawvere was controversial for his political opinions, for example, his opposition to the 1970 use of the War Measures Act, and for teaching the history of mathematics without permission. But in 1995 Dalhousie hosted the celebration of 50 years of category theory with Lawvere and Saunders Mac Lane present.

Lawvere ran a seminar in Perugia, Italy (1972–1974) and especially worked on various kinds of enriched category. For example, a metric space can be regarded as an enriched category. From 1974 until his retirement in 2000 he was professor of mathematics at University at Buffalo, often collaborating with Stephen Schanuel. In 1977 he was elected to the Martin professorship in mathematics for five years, which made possible the meeting on "Categories in Continuum Physics" in 1982. Clifford Truesdell participated in that meeting, as did several other researchers in the rational foundations of continuum physics and in the synthetic differential geometry that had evolved from the spatial part of Lawvere's categorical dynamics program. Lawvere continued to work on his 50-year quest for a rigorous flexible base for physical ideas, free of unnecessary analytic complications. He was professor emeritus of mathematics and adjunct professor emeritus of philosophy at Buffalo.

Awards and honors

 * In 2010 he received the "Premio Giulio Preti", awarded by the Regional Council of Tuscany
 * In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Selected books

 * 1986 Categories in Continuum Physics (Buffalo, N.Y. 1982), edited by Lawvere and Stephen H. Schanuel (with Introduction by Lawvere pp 1–16), Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics 1174. ISBN 3-540-16096-5; ebook
 * 2003 (2002) Sets for Mathematics (with Robert Rosebrugh). Cambridge Uni. Press. ISBN 0-521-01060-8
 * 2009 Conceptual Mathematics: A First Introduction to Categories (with Stephen H. Schanuel). Cambridge University Press, 2nd ed. ISBN 978-0521719162; 1997 pbk edition

title: William Lawvere