text:
Salvador Novo

Salvador Novo López (July 30, 1904 – January 13, 1974) was a Mexican writer, poet, playwright, translator, television presenter, entrepreneur, and the official chronicler of Mexico City. As a noted intellectual, he influenced popular perceptions of politics, media, the arts, and Mexican society in general. He was a member of the Mexican modernist writers' group Los Contemporáneos, as well as of the Academia Mexicana de la Lengua.

Life and career
In spite of the machismo and conservative Catholicism prevalent in 20th-century Mexico, Novo was openly homosexual. As a result, he was referred to by the literary prodigy Luis Spota as "Nalgador Sobo", a spoonerism that roughly translates to "butt groper". This elicited a riposte from Novo, who published an epigram mocking Spota's surname. The feud reportedly culminated in a fist fight between the two writers during a performance at the Palacio de Bellas Artes, after which they were both arrested.

Nevertheless, Novo was accepted by the Mexican government, for whom he worked in official posts related to culture. He was elected to the Academia Mexicana de la Lengua and had a television program on Mexico City's history. Towards the end of his life, he dyed his hair a bright carrot color and wore many ostentatious rings and colored suits. He has been compared to Oscar Wilde, but unlike Wilde, Novo never suffered the setback of scandal or persecution and remained a respected member of high society and governmental circles until his death. In fact, some sectors resented the fact that a gay writer would align himself so closely with the government and media after the repression of social movements in the 1960s and 1970s.

The street on which he lived was renamed after him when he assumed the role of Mexico City's official chronicler, a post held for life.

Tribute
On July 30, 2014, Google displayed a Doodle that commemorated the 110th anniversary of his birth.

Works

 * 1925 – XX Poemas (XX Poems)
 * 1933 – Nuevo amor (New Love)
 * 1933 – Espejo (Mirror)
 * 1934 – Seamen Rhymes
 * 1934 – Romance de Angelillo y Adela (Romance of Angelillo and Adela)
 * 1934 – Poemas proletarios (Proletarian Poems)
 * 1934 – Never ever
 * 1937 – Un poema (A Poem)
 * 1938 – Poesías escogidas (Chosen Poems)
 * 1944 – Nuestra tierra (Our Land)
 * 1945 – Florido laude
 * 1945 – La estatua de sal (The Salt Statue, published in May 2008)
 * 1955 – Dieciocho sonetos (Eighteen Sonets)
 * 1955 – Sátira, el libro ca... (Satire)
 * 1961 – Poesía (Poetry)
 * 1962 – Breve historia de Coyoacán (Short History of Coyoacán)
 * 1967 – Historia gastronómica de la Ciudad de México (Gastronomic History of Mexico City)
 * 1967 – Imagen de una ciudad (Image of a City) illustrated with photographs by Pedro Bayona
 * 1968 – La Ciudad de México en 1867 (Mexico City in 1867)
 * 1971 – Historia y leyenda de Coyoacán (History and Legend of Coyoacán)

Theatre
Within a 1,000-sq.m.-land purchased in 1950, Salvador Novo decided to build, with the aid of architect Alejandro Prieto, the cultural project "La Capilla", for which purpose he adapted an old chapel as a theatre, which was inaugurated on January 22, 1953. Currently, this set also includes a small restaurant, "El Refectorio", as well as a theatre-bar "El Hábito".

 * Don Quijote (1947)
 * Astucia (Witness) (1948)
 * La culta dama (1948) (The Wise Lady; it was used to write the script of a homonym Mexican film, directed in 1957 by Rogelio A. González Jr.
 * A ocho columnas (Eight Columns) (from 1953 on)
 * Diálogos (Dialogues)
 * Yocasta o casi (Yocasta or Almost)
 * Cuauhtémoc
 * La guerra de las gordas (The War of the Fatties)
 * Ha vuelto Ulises (Ulises Has Returned)
 * El sofá (The Sofa)
 * El espejo encantado (The Enchanted Mirror)

title: Salvador Novo


text:
Talk:Mike Wallace

tobacco?
Is there a reason that the word "tobacco" doesn't appear at all in the article? Seeing as how the Brown & Williamson story related to that subject, this is rather odd, no? 208.91.70.125 (talk) 15:55, 13 December 2016 (UTC)

 * If you feel something should be included, please find a reliable and reputable source and add it, with a reference. 75.101.104.17 (talk) 04:16, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

mormon
was there any truth to him converting to mormonism, when he marry his last wife ? I believe he even adimt he was a mormon. what do you think ? ($$$$) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.196.160.153 (talk) 20:36, 15 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Reliable source, please. --Javaweb (talk) 22:34, 15 April 2012 (UTC)Javaweb

Untitled
I hadn't realized Mike Wallace is 86 years old. Wallace looks a lot younger. JesseG 19:24, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Indeed!Vulturell 08:11, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

It is now 2009, he's 91-- and he looks incredible. Just saw a piece he did for CBS. Amazing. Whatever this guy is smoking, sign me up. He truly looks, speaks, acts, etc., like a healthy man in his late 50s or early 60s. Way to go Mike! 214.13.130.104 (talk) 15:01, 28 September 2009 (UTC)TexxasFinn

What--no references???--RattBoy 02:09, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

Does he really use "Michael"? "Mike" is an adopted name. Seems to me from a point of no special knowledge whatsoever that that's what he calls himself, but maybe someone knows differently. Anyone seen his driver's license? 18.173.1.42 16:38, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

Mike Wallace has a major "Jew" problem; I have edited this into the article.Incorrect 10:58, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Really? I've seen many an interview with the guy, and he has no problem declaring himself a Jew.  Does this mean he has problems with himself?  I know I'll be checking out the references on this myself, and it better be above the level of scurrulous or I'll be removing it. --Dh100 22:11, 2 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Wallace referred to himself as "Jewish" quite often. One example that comes to mind was on 60 Minutes in his interview with Morgan Freeman. He actually said "I'm Jewish" in protest to Freeman implying that he was "white." I think that the user who stated that 'Mike Wallace has a major "Jew' problem" is himself a problem.

A Question on Mr Wallace Religion ?

Did not he converted to mormanism ?

Should the Criticism section be moved before the Depression section read them and move them.

 * No source, no mention. (Also, the above was not sub-headed, signed, or noted as such by signbot.) 75.101.104.17 (talk) 04:01, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

Iran
Guys, prisonplanet.com/articles/August2006/110806_b_Annihilate.htm this] needs most definitly to be in the article. --Striver 12:41, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

Yeah why is this not in the article. this is not the only time where he was openly anti-Semitic

 * Another unsigned comment. The article, dated 2006, is not from a reliable source and it basically attempts to impugn Wallace as an anti-Semite by mischaracterizing his reportage on the difference between the Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's anti-Zionist sentiments and classical anti-Semitic sentiments. There are many anti-Zionist Muslims and also many anti-Zionist Jews, and Wallace was simply trying to describe the difference between anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism. 75.101.104.17 (talk) 04:06, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

interview with the Iranian president
I am Iranian and I do not agree with American foreign policies. However, I saw nothing wrong with Mr. Wallace and liked him since I felt as if he is a peaceful man. He behaved respectfully and it was Mr. Ahmadi Nejad who was trying to make Mr. Wallace angry. I support Iranian regime, however I do not support Ahmadi Nejad's opinion. I believe in reformation. Again, I have to reveal my respect and regards to Mr. Wallace and wish the Lord bless him.

In order to add a few points to what I just said above, in fact the translation was very very inacqurate. In many cases, there was a misunderstanding too. For example, Iranian president said we are sorry that WE cannot support Hezbollah by weapons. But the translator said we are sorry that YOU cannot help the Hezbolah. The translator also left a few sentenses that the president made.

On the contrary to what people say, Wallace did not get angry. When he was trying to respond to what president had just said, Ahmadi Nejad used not to allow Wallace to talk. Iranian president is not yet a prefessional one. He ONLY impacts on what he wants to achieve. Did not really matter what wallace would have said, he was gonna talk about poverty in the US, loving people all round the world and whatever he wanted in general. He did not answer almost all of the most important questions that Wallace asked.

Another point, he really said those words regarding the UN speach that he gave but as you saw he denied it!

I do not oppose all comments that president made like criticism of the US foreign policies but in general, Ahmadi Nejad did not do his best.

- In response to the above comment, journalism or propaganda, you decide: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onNzrNEFs1E

Another thing that I am gonna

I noticed a difference in focus between this article and the Westmoreland article: "Mike Wallace interviewed Gen. William Westmoreland for the CBS special The Uncounted Enemy: A Vietnam Deception [3]. Westmoreland then sued Wallace and CBS for libel. In February 1985, while the case was still in court, CBS settled with Westmoreland after their internal investigation determined that the producers of the show had not used the proper standards of fairness."

Westmoreland's article: "In Westmoreland v. CBS, Westmoreland sued Wallace and CBS for libel, and a long and arduous trial process began. After the trial was in progress, Westmoreland surprisingly settled with CBS for an apology, about as much as they had originally offered. Some contend that Judge Leval's instructions to the jury over what constituted "actual malice" to prove libel were so weighted in favour of the defense that Westmoreland's lawyers were certain he would lose. Others point out that the settlement occurred after two of Westmoreland's former intelligence officers, Major General Joseph McChristian and Colonel Gains Hawkins, testified to the accuracy of the substantive allegations of the broadcast, which were that Westmoreland ordered changes in intelligence reports on Viet Cong troop strengths for political reasons. Some disagreement remains as to the appropriateness of some of the journalistic methods." Perhaps they're both right?

"Quotations"
"Who gave George Bush the duty to free people around the world?"

I took that out because it has nothing to do with anything and was just an excuse to link to some conservative "Media Research" site. Apparently it's kind of like science but for Republicans.

 * Another unsigned post. This page has far too many. 75.101.104.17 (talk) 04:14, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

interview with the shah or iran
in it, he actually questions the Shah's assertion that Israel and the Jewish lobby influence american foreign policy in the middle east. it amazed me that he could question something so obvious. maybe someone can add to this. Spoilermdc (talk) 01:48, 11 January 2008 (UTC)

 * You would need a reputable source that commented on this "so obvious" something in order to add it to the article. 75.101.104.17 (talk) 04:08, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

Errors
you have a chronological error in wallace's bio; you claim he was a founding anchor at 60 minutes when the show debuted in 1968 and that malcolm x was among the people he interviewed on the show; ' however, malcolm x died in '65, three years before the show started. User:72.128.82.38 02:33, July 15, 2008

Wallace suffered from major clinical depression triggered by accusations of libel and a related lawsuit.

 * Seems unlikely that lifelong episodes of clinical depression were triggered by accusations of libel or a lawsuit? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.56.30.11 (talk) 00:06, 8 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Agreed. He suffered from major clinical depression all of his life, according to reputable sources. Also, the original statement itself is unsigned, as are an unusually high number of messages on this page, all of which seek to attack Wallace. 75.101.104.17 (talk) 04:11, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

Death
Wallace has died. This was announced just 10 minutes ago on CBS Sunday Morning. Night Ranger (talk) 14:30, 8 April 2012 (UTC)

Missing content
It appears from Buff Cobb that Wallace's first TV appearances may have been as co-host with her of a couple of TV talk shows.P0M (talk) 04:42, 11 April 2012 (UTC)

Cobb is not an impartial source
He owed his Supreme Court Position to Faubus]. If you can find a non-biased reliable source, repost it. --Javaweb (talk) 01:21, 14 April 2012 (UTC)Javaweb
 * Here is CSPAN's complete video and transcript for the event. I'll leave to other editors to decide how important this was to Wallace's career. --Javaweb (talk) 01:28, 14 April 2012 (UTC)Javaweb

This talk page has troubles
I have been editing at Wikipedia for more than 11 years and i have never seen a talk page with as many unsigned comments and skipped lines as this one. It looks like people went in and removed their signatures or the signbot signatures. An hour of historical database forensics could set things straight, but i do not have the time to give to it. However, it certainly looks like vandalism of some sort, because Wikipedia is built upon good faith signed editorial comments. 75.101.104.17 (talk) 04:05, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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I have just modified one external link on Mike Wallace. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070609233936/http://www.mrc.org/Profiles/wallace/welcome.asp to http://www.mrc.org/Profiles/wallace/welcome.asp

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Mike Wallace


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Older men-younger women

 * doesn't seem like an encyclopedia topic delete (rewrite is good, keep) - Mattingly23
 * Tend to agree. Even if you were interested in the subject, how would you ever find it? Deb 19:59, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. I agree. This is neither necessary nor anything new. Aranel 20:01, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * in other news, bears have been found to dispose of waste body matter in highly arboreous areas. Delete. Keep --Ianb 20:05, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Oh dear. Delete . Fire Star 20:35, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep; rewritten (consider disregarding previous votes). I've moved the article to Age disparity in sexual relationships; I think this topic is perfectly encyclopedic — even if it is a little obvious. Many thanks to Denni for contributing much of the new content, which I took from his rewrite of May-december romance (also on VfD). • Benc • 21:21, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. Fire Star 22:10, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep: Not the most elegant solutions, but it works to keep a number of topics.  We all need to pitch in. Geogre 00:14, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep the new page, & the redirects; the news page does have useful info & is encyclopedic. -FZ 15:55, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep the new page, now it looks better and encyclopedic Radoneme 18:01, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)


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Chhatarpur

Chhatarpur is a city and a municipality in Chhatarpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Chhatarpur District.

History
Chhatarpur was founded in 1785 and is named after leader Chhatrasal, the founder of Bundelkhand, and contains his cenotaph. The state was ruled by his descendants until 1785. At that time the Ponwar clan of the Rajputs took control of Chhatarpur. The state was guaranteed to Kunwar Sone Singh Ponwar in 1806 by the British Raj. In 1854 Chhatarpur would have lapsed to the British government for want of direct heirs under the doctrine of lapse, but was conferred on Jagat Raj as a special act of grace. The Ponwar Rajas ruled a princely state with an area of 1118 sqmi, and population of 156,139 in 1901, which was part of the Bundelkhand agency of Central India.

In 1901 the town of Chhatarpur had a population of 10,029, a high school and manufactured paper and coarse cutlery. The state also contained the British cantonment of Nowgong.

Rajas

 * 1785–1816 Kunwar Sone Shah (d. 1816)
 * 1816–1854 Partab Singh (d. 1854)
 * 1854–1867 Jaghat Singh (b. 1846 – d. 1867)
 * 1867–1895 Vishvanath Singh (b. 1866 – d. 1932)

Maharajas

 * (4 May 1649 – 20 December 1731) Maharaja Chhatrasal
 * 1895–1932 Vishvanath Singh (b. 1866 – d. 1932)
 * 1932–1947 Bhawani Singh (b. 1921 – d. 2006)

After the independence of India in 1947, the Rajas of Chhatarpur acceded to India, and Chhatarpur, together with the rest of Bundelkhand, became part of the Indian state of Vindhya Pradesh. Vindhya Pradesh was later merged into the state of Madhya Pradesh in 1956.

Geography
Chhatarpur is located at 24.55°N, 79.3527°W. It has an average elevation of 305 metres (1,000 feet). It is located on the far north-east border of Madhya Pradesh.It is 133 km from Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh and 233 km from Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh.

Places to visit
Chhatarpur Railway station(MCSC) is the nearest station to reach Bageshwar Dham Sarkar.

Climate
Chhatarpur has humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa) with hot summers, a somewhat cooler monsoon season and cool winters. Heavy rainfall occurs in the monsoon season from June to September.

Demographics
India census, Chhatarpur had a population of 99 519. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Chhatarpur has an average literacy rate of 69%: with male literacy of 75% and female literacy of 62%. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Economy
There is no large scale industry in Chhatarpur apart from a few small scale industries available, but these industries are not sufficient for giving enough employment to local people. The economy is mostly dependent on farming. The city however, has a growing private commercial sector, mainly retail businesses. There are many granite mining industries operating in Chhatarpur district.

Most depend for their livelihood on farming. This region is in a drought-affected area, so the whole district faces a water crisis for farming and potable drinking water.

Administration
Chhatarpur Police is a Law enforcing unit of MP Police which protects the world heritage "Khajuraho Group of Monuments". The district is divided into 5 police subdivisions, with 34 Police Stations and 21 outposts.

Education
India's largest chain schooling Kendriya Vidyalaya Chhatarpur is situated at Mahoba Road near RTO office

Most of the colleges in Chhatarpur district are affiliated to Maharaja Chhatrasal Bundelkhand University, Chhatarpur. They offer graduate and post-graduate courses in the faculties of Arts, Science, Commerce, Education and Law. Government Maharaja P.G. College, Government Girls P.G. College and Digital Institute of Science & Technology are the premier institutions of graduate and post-graduate education in the city. Christian English College is the only CISCE- affiliated school of the city. Swami Pranawanand Homeopathic Medical College is affiliated to Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University, Jabalpur.

Transportation
Chhatarpur can be reached by road and railway. Chhatarpur station started in 2017. Chhatarpur has railway station named Maharaja chhatrasal station Chhatarpur, MCSC. There are direct trains to Delhi Jhansi, Bhopal, Indore, and Ujjain. The nearest railway stations are at Khajuraho (45 km), Lalitpur Junction railway station (135 km) Harpalpur (55 km) Jhansi (125 km), Mauranipur (65 km) and Satna (140 km). The nearest airport is Khajuraho Civil Aerodrome, located 45 km away but has limited number of flights. The nearest major airport with flights to Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata is Kanpur Airport 190 km away.

Radio and television station
Chhatarpur has got its own radio station of All India Radio (आकाशवाणी) under Prasar Bharati. It transmits at 675 kHz. Chhatarpur also has a Doordarshan's Hi power transmitter for TV which is located at Deri Road.

Religious Tourism

 * Khajuraho, group of monuments is a group of Hindu temples and Jain temples
 * Nainagiri, group of Jain temples built in 11th century
 * Hanuman Tauria, a Hanuman temple
 * Bambar Baini, Ancient Durga temple of on a hill in Lavkushnagar
 * Jatashankar, a cave temple dedicated to Shiva

Nature tourism

 * Khajwa Kutni Dam, Kutni dam is the largest dam in Chhatarpur district.
 * Bhimkund, a natural water tank and a holy place near Bajna
 * Raneh Falls, the only waterfall in Asia having igneous rock. It is around 17 km from Khajuraho
 * Panna National Park, near Panna district
 * Pandav Falls, close to Khajuraho, Pandavas said to have sought shelter here during exile

title: Chhatarpur


text:
Category:Provinces of Italy

For the purposes of local government, nineteen of Italy's twenty regions are further divided into a total of 109 provinces.

The autonomous region of Aosta Valley is an exception in that it has no provinces: the regional government itself retains those powers which elsewhere are devolved to the provincial level. It is sometimes therefore convenient to treat it as both a region and as Italy's 110th province.

This category provides a list of articles on the 109 provinces, plus Aosta Valley.

title: Category:Provinces of Italy


text:
Hurricane Alex (2004)

Hurricane Alex was one of the northernmost major hurricanes on record, and whose formation marked the fifth-latest start to an Atlantic hurricane season since 1952. The first named storm, hurricane, and major hurricane of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season, Alex developed from the interaction between an upper-level low and a weak surface trough on July 31 to the east of Jacksonville, Florida. It moved northeastward, and strengthened to attain winds of 100 mph before passing within 10 mi of the Outer Banks coast. Alex strengthened further and reached a peak of 120 mph winds while off the coast of New England, one of only six hurricanes to reach Category 3 status north of 38° N. Alex caused a scare of a hurricane-force direct hit in the Outer Banks of North Carolina, which had been devastated by Hurricane Isabel less than a year earlier.

The hurricane produced light damage in the Outer Banks, primarily from flooding and high winds. Over 100 houses were damaged, while numerous cars were disabled from the flooding. Damage totaled about $7.5 million (2004 USD). Alex produced strong waves and rip tides along the East Coast of the United States, causing one death and several injuries.

Meteorological history
A weak surface trough, located to the west of an upper-level low, developed convection to the east of the Bahamas on July 26. A tropical wave entered the area two days later, resulting in an increase of convective organization and area. Although conditions were not favorable for tropical cyclone formation, it sped to the northwest and steadily organized, developing a surface area of low pressure on the 30th. On July 31, the system continued to organize, and developed into Tropical Depression One while located 200 mi to the east of Jacksonville, Florida.

As the depression drifted erratically, the system remained weak due to its large circulation and lack of deep convection near the center. The center relocated to the south, closer to the center. An approaching upper-level trough lessened the shear over the system, allowing the depression to intensify into Tropical Storm Alex on August 1. The trough also caused Alex to increase its forward motion to the northeast. Deep convection continued to build over the center due to low shear and warm waters from the Gulf Stream, and Alex intensified into a hurricane on August 3 while located 75 mi southeast of Cape Fear, North Carolina. The cyclone continued to strengthen, and attained Category 2 status just hours after becoming a hurricane. The hurricane approached the Outer Banks of North Carolina, coming within 11 mi of Cape Hatteras later on the 3rd. The western portion of the eyewall passed over the Outer Banks, though the center remained offshore.

Alex turned to the east-northeast after passing the Outer Banks in response to becoming embedded within the west-southwesterly flow. The hurricane briefly weakened to a Category 1, but restrengthened due to warm waters of the Gulf Stream. Water temperatures remained 3.6 °F above normal, resulting in Alex intensifying into a 120 mph major hurricane on August 5 while located 450 mi south of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Due to low vertical shear and favorable conditions, Alex remained a Category 3 hurricane until passing over cooler waters late on the 5th while 290 mi south of Newfoundland. Alex rapidly weakened, degrading into tropical storm status on August 6. Later on the 6th, Alex became extratropical while 950 mi east of Cape Race, Newfoundland, and lost its identity shortly thereafter.

Preparations

Initially, forecasters believed Alex would remain weak, and on the first advisory the storm was predicted to make landfall as a minimal tropical storm. However, when strengthening became evident, the National Hurricane Center issued a hurricane warning from Cape Lookout to Oregon Inlet about 20 hours before hurricane conditions were experienced. In addition, a tropical storm warning existed for much of the North Carolina coastline as Alex paralleled the state.

Despite Tropical Storm Warnings, 3,500 tourists remained on the Outer Banks, though many planned to leave if Alex were to track closer or become stronger. No evacuations were ordered. Officials recommended residents to take precautions for the approaching hurricane. The National Weather Service in Morehead City issued a flash flood watch a day before the hurricane moved past the Outer Banks. The service also issued flash flooding warnings for Craven and Carteret Counties on the day of the hurricane's closest approach. In preparation for the hurricane, the Cape Lookout National Seashore was closed and evacuated. The National Park Service also closed Cape Point Campground.

Impact

While drifting off the coast of Florida, Alex produced rip currents and strong waves along the North Carolina coast resulting in nine lifeguard rescues from the surf. Upon moving by the Outer Banks, a storm surge of up to 6 ft occurred on the Pamlico Sound side of Buxton and Ocracoke Village. The flooding on Ocracoke Island was the worst since Hurricane Gloria nineteen years earlier. Elsewhere on the Outer Banks, waters rose 2 - 4 ft above normal. Rainfall directly along the coast amounted to over 5 in, while Ocracoke experienced 7.55 in. Maximum sustained winds peaked at 88 mph, and gusts peaked at 115 mph in Morehead City. Beach erosion was minor along much of North Carolina's coastline, with the exception of Ocracoke Island where erosion was significant.

Cape Fear experienced minor beach erosion. The erosion, combined with high waves, washed out a portion of a roadway. The heavy rainfall in the Outer Banks disabled over 200 cars and flooded nearly 500. Strong wind gusts left around 10,000 buildings without power. Many places were not restored for two to three days after the storm. Wind and storm surge damaged over 100 houses and buildings. Damage amounted to about $7.5 million (2004 USD). Two days after the storm passed, a man drowned off of Nags Head from strong rip currents and waves. This was the only direct casualty from the storm.

Alex's outer rainbands produced heavy rainfall across Virginia, peaking at over 7 in in the center of the state. The rainfall caused localized flooding, but there was no reported damage in the state. In Rehoboth Beach, Delaware, rip currents produced by the storm injured three people. A few young children had to be rescued when they were trapped by a jetty. In New Jersey, the strong surf and rip currents hospitalized at least five swimmers.

Alex's extratropical remnants sank the Pink Lady, a rowboat carrying four British rowers attempting to break the record for fastest crossing from St. John's, Newfoundland to Falmouth, Cornwall. They were rescued by a Danish cargo ship, and injuries were limited to a mild concussion and a case of hypothermia. The rowers were roughly two weeks and 370 mi from their destination. The group had been on track to break the 1896 record of 54 days by 10 days.

Aftermath and records
On Ocracoke Island, officials ordered for the evacuation of the thousands of tourists who stayed, believing that keeping tourists on the island would hinder cleanup efforts. The tourists were evacuated in school buses to Hatteras Island, where they could rent a car if needed. Tourists were also evacuated by ferry to Swan Quarter, in Hyde County, where they boarded school buses and were taken to nearby Washington NC to rent available cars or find accommodations. The island was re-opened to visitors on August 6, three days after the storm passed through. Evacuation was ordered again on Friday of the following week when another storm threatened to hit the Outer Banks, but did not do so. Dare County officials requested aid from the National Guard for the cleanup process. The North Carolina Department of Transportation was ready to clear the roads once the storm exited the area.

Alex marked the fifth-latest start to a hurricane season since 1952. The latest start to a hurricane season since 1952 was Hurricane Anita of the 1977 season, forming on August 29. Alex is only the second hurricane on record to have reached Category 3 strength north of 38°N latitude. The other storm was Hurricane Ellen in the 1973 Atlantic hurricane season; Alex was the stronger of the two. It is also one of only five hurricanes to be at major hurricane (Category 3 or higher) status within Canadian waters since 1950.

title: Hurricane Alex (2004)


text:
Talk:Connection form

Change of frame
What is meant by ″applying the exterior connection to both sides″ in the paragraph below? How is $$\omega(\mathbf e') = g^{-1}dg+g^{-1}\omega(\mathbf e)g$$?

In order to extend ω to a suitable global object, it is necessary to examine how it behaves when a different choice of basic sections of E is chosen. Write ωαβ = ωαβ(e) to indicate the dependence on the choice of e.

Suppose that e is a different choice of local basis. Then there is an invertible k × k matrix of functions g such that
 * $${\mathbf e}' = {\mathbf e}\, g,\quad \text{i.e., }\,e'_\alpha = \sum_\beta e_\beta g^\beta_\alpha.$$

Applying the exterior connection to both sides gives the transformation law for ω:
 * $$\omega(\mathbf e\, g) = g^{-1}dg+g^{-1}\omega(\mathbf e)g.$$

Wisapi (talk) 18:36, 29 February 2024 (UTC)

other homie
The exterior covariant derivative is a very useful notion which makes possible to simplify formulas in using connection. Given a tensor-valued differential k-form $$\phi $$ its exterior covariant derivative defined by $$D\phi(X_0,X_1,...,X_k)=d\phi(h(X_0),h(X_1),...,h(X_k))$$ where h denotes the projection to the horizontal subspace, $$H_x$$ with kernel $$V_x$$.

 * I don't understand this. Is X the position and the Xi's the coordinates? But that can't be because it should be h(X1,...,Xk) then. And how is X related to x? Is the "tensor" φ takes values in a rep of G? Also, if two points project to the same point in the base space, are the values of φ at these two points related or independent? Phys 19:29, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Is φ defined over E or B? Phys 19:44, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Hope its better now Tosha 21:07, 15 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * But one thing I still don't understand is in your examples with vector bundles instead of principal bundles, φ is defined over B and not E. Phys 06:10, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

See the first par in vector bundles. Tosha 23:56, 21 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Well done
Nice article, but it lacks any reference to the second Bianchi identity
 * $$D\Omega=0$$

which is true for the exterior covariant derivative for any connection in a principal bundle. Also, as the article defines it, torsion only applies to affine connections. In which case, you should also find some place for the identity
 * $$D\Theta=[\Omega,\theta].$$

Silly rabbit 04:56, 8 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I just added a very quickie brief mention of the Bianchi identities. I guess this could be unpacked a bit.67.198.37.16 (talk) 18:12, 23 October 2016 (UTC)

Connections and Jet Bundles
A connection in a principal bundle is not the same thing as a smooth section on the bundle JE -> E. One, the latter is more general and (in fact) is not specific to principal bundles. Two, the sections corresponding to the connection in a principal bundle is equivariant under the action of the group. This latter condition is what's missing.

The more general concept of a connection as a section over the jet bundle applies generically -- not just to principal connections, or connections inherited by bundles associated to principal bundles (both called principal connections), but to bundles in general. In the former two cases, the more general connection need not coincide with an existing principal connection. The two will differ by what is sometimes called a "soldiering" form.

The mention of jet bundles and connections, therefore, should be brought out in a separate section indicating also that it also applies to non-linear bundles, not just to vector and principal bundles. -- Mark, 11 November 2006

Factors of two
There are three different ways to write the quadratic term in the structure equation:
 * $$ d\omega+[\omega,\omega]=d\omega+\omega\wedge\omega=d\omega+\tfrac12[\omega\wedge\omega].$$

In the first, the skew symmetry of the Lie bracket implies [ω,ω] is a 2-form. In the second, we have to assume ω takes values in a representation (e.g. it is a matrix, or is in the universal enveloping algebra) so that the skew symmetry of the wedge product implies that this term is a commutator, hence a Lie bracket. In the final term, the wedge product is contracted by the Lie bracket: here everything is explicitly in the right place, but we have to divide by two. Further explanation available on request! Geometry guy 21:45, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

 * How are you defining [ω,ω]? I've always thought this was synonymous with [ω∧ω]. At least it is in all the books I've checked. At any rate, I'd vote in favor of using the notation [ω∧ω] everywhere as it is the most explicit. -- Fropuff 20:59, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

 * There is some ambiguity here about how the 1-forms are multiplied, but my convention is that, unless indicated otherwise, use tensor product, i.e., [ω,ω]X,Y = [ω(X),ω(Y)]: this also agrees with what would happen in index notation. Anyway, I agree that ambiguity-free notation is much more preferable. Geometry guy 00:54, 18 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I see. So in that notation, given two Lie algebra-valued forms ω and η, the bracket [ω,η] would not be a alternating form (in general). I've not seen the bracket used that way but I guess it make sense. (I note that curvature form also uses [ω,η] to mean [ω∧η].) At any rate, I've briefly explained the [ω∧η] notation over at Lie algebra-valued form so perhaps we can start using that notation and referencing that article as appropriate. -- Fropuff 15:55, 18 February 2007 (UTC)

Many moons ago, I tried (unsuccessfully, in my opinion) to bring some order to the wedge and bracket conventions used on Wikipedia. At some point, I must have had it all sorted out (in my own mind, at least). The "standard" definition in differential geometry (if there is such a thing, at all; I've seen both conventions) is to use the skew-part of a tensor. The Wikipedia convention is the rather more exotic (k,m)-shuffles version, selected in part because it works over fields of finite characteristic. I suspect that many of my early efforts to correct all of the factors of two have been trampled (not that I blame the editors for doing so).

The upshot is that, pace Geometry Guy, there is unambiguously a factor of 1/2 in the structural equations:
 * $$ d\omega+\tfrac12[\omega,\omega]=d\omega+\omega\wedge\omega=d\omega+\tfrac12[\omega\wedge\omega].$$

I think there are good reasons for this, apart from being just a tool for simplifying formulas. The bracket operation is, in effect, coupled to the wedge product of forms. (On a Lie group, this agrees with the usual graded "super"-commutator of graded derivations on the algebra of differential forms.) Furthermore, the bracket can be defined for forms of higher degree, in which case the compatibility conditions become important (see Frolicher-Nijenhuis bracket for hints in this direction.)  And, let's not leave out the most obvious: it's a matrix commutator if you want it to be!

Anyway, I can see the source of confusion, and it's quite understandable. Look at the way Kobayashi-Nomizu define the bracket of forms. This is precisely the way G.G. would have it. But, they're also using the skew-part definition of the wedge product, so they have a factor of 1/2 in their formulas too. I think it's important to stick to one convention. It might be worth writing a specification of these conventions (as well as a detailed explanation — properties, etc. — of why this convention was settled upon.) My 2¢, Silly rabbit 00:47, 4 May 2007 (UTC)

Overlap with Ehresmann connection
This page overlaps a lot with Ehresmann connection. I've added a link, but I think an opportunity is being missed here. The term connection form is often used for the 1-form defining a connection (e.g. on a vector bundle) relative to a frame. This article could begin with such a naive point of view (linking e.g. gauge covariant derivative) and then explain that the frame-dependent notion of a connection form becomes well defined when it is lifted to the frame bundle. This actually motivates the idea of an (Ehresmann) connection on a principal bundle (the horizontal space is the kernel of the connection form), hence on general fiber bundles, in particular vector bundles, which brings us back to the original motivation. Geometry guy 21:52, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I am somewhat unsatisfied with the organization of the connection articles on Wikipedia. I've long felt that we should have a page devoted to connections on principal bundles and one to connections on vector bundles. Probably at connection (principal bundle) and connection (vector bundle) respectively (both currently redirects). The principal connection material is currently spread between this page and Ehresmann connection while the corresponding material for vector bundles is distributed between here and covariant derivative. I've started a draft organizing the vector bundle material at User:Fropuff/Draft 12 which I plan to move into the main namespace sometime soon (comments welcome). I believe the principal connection material deserves a similar treatment. As you rightly point out, the connection form idea intertwines many of these ideas and this page could be rewritten accordingly. -- Fropuff 07:22, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm also rather unsatisfied with the current organization of the connection articles. There are many different ways to say the same thing, but at present the relationships between the different approaches are not properly spelt out and there is much duplication. In particular, a connection form in the sense of "vertical valued 1-form on the total space of a fibre bundle" is just a way of saying "Ehresmann connection". (As an aside, the prefix "Ehresmann" is only used these days to emphasise that the connection is not a principal or vector bundle connection!)

 * I think the new pages you propose are a step in the right direction and the draft looks good. Concerning terminology, I believe that very few differential geometers say "Koszul connection" these days, prefering "connection on a vector bundle" or "covariant derivative". Although I see some sense in restricting the use of the term "covariant derivative" to tensor bundles (as you seem to be suggesting), this does not agree with common usage. Indeed, many (including myself) think of a connection as the object (connection form or horizontal subspaces) defining infinitesimal parallel transport, and the covariant derivative is the corresponding differential operator: in particular, the term exterior covariant derivative is widespread for the exterior derivative coupled to a connection on a vector bundle. Geometry guy 10:59, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Looking at your draft a bit more carefully, I see you have already covered most of these points! So, I guess it is just the first sentence that is a bit misleading. Geometry guy 11:02, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Exterior connection
What is an exterior connection? The term is not actually defined in the article, and Google turns up no other references using this terminology. The article would be clearer without such nonstandard terminology (which I feel is probably unnecessary anyway). 198.84.187.170 (talk) 21:49, 21 January 2014 (UTC)

 * Well, it is clearly defined as being the same thing as the Exterior covariant derivative; however, I don't really know if this is a wikipedia neologism, or is in use in various references. I just loooked in my three favorite references, and it does not appear in the index. (MTW, Marsden, Jost) 67.198.37.16 (talk) 18:21, 23 October 2016 (UTC)

Confused by definition of "local frame"

 * A local frame for E is an ordered basis of local sections of E.

So what kind of object is it? Is a local frame defined for E, or for a given neighborhood, or for a given point? The collection of local sections isn't a vector space, so it can't have a basis. --146.96.28.240 (talk) 23:29, 6 May 2015 (UTC)

 * The local frame is given w.r.t. the atlas (topology), and in that case, each fiber is a vector space that is just Euclidean space, and has a well-defined, ordered basis. aka local trivialization. I just added to the article. 67.198.37.16 (talk) 18:28, 23 October 2016 (UTC)

Notation between solder $$\theta$$ and relation to Christofel symbol
The $$\theta$$ used in the solder form discussion may not be the same $$\theta$$ used in the immediately following example concerning the Christofel connection. Since a good thing to do is make very clear how the frame language relates to more familiar/first-learned Cristofel symbol. Could someone please clarify 2602:306:CC4B:2980:4D3D:BAC4:E99F:19EB (talk) 16:10, 1 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Well, but it is the same thing, although it requires a slight abuse of notation. A bit later in the article, it says so explicitly; I quote: "the solder form is θ = Σi ei ⊗ θi, where again θi is the dual basis." The solder form is the identity endomorphism from the vector space to itself. 67.198.37.16 (talk) 19:14, 23 October 2016 (UTC)

Which property?
Under "Exterior connections", is mentioned that D can be extended to the full exterior algebra of differential forms if "it satisfies this property". However, such a property is nowhere to be found. In the main article, it says that to extend D it is sufficient to impose the Leibniz rule for graded derivations and commuting with the insertion operator. Could this second property be the lost one? Mattecapu (talk) 17:23, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Connection form


text:
Cecilia Reyes

Cecilia Reyes is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Scott Lobdell and Carlos Pacheco, the character first appeared in X-Men (vol. 2) #65 (June 1997). She belongs to the subspecies of humans called mutants, who are born with superhuman abilities.

Raised in the Bronx by her Puerto Rican family, she is a medical doctor specializing in trauma surgery. She has the mutant ability to project a force field around her body. Unlike most X-Men, she has no interest in superheroics and desires only to live an ordinary life, having been forced into the team by circumstance. Cecilia Reyes was briefly a member of the X-Men and often works to assist them.

Publication history
Created by writer Scott Lobdell and artist Carlos Pacheco, she first appeared in X-Men (vol. 2) #65 (June 1997).

Fictional character biography
Cecilia Reyes decided to become a doctor when her father was gunned down in front of her as a child, and she was unable to do anything to help him. The X-Men tried recruiting her when it was discovered that she was a mutant, but Reyes had no interest in being a superhero. She preferred to pursue her trauma surgeon career.

Operation Zero Tolerance
When she was targeted by Operation: Zero Tolerance, a government-backed anti-mutant task force, she was forced to join forces with the X-Man Iceman and other mutants to escape New York City and track down Bastion, leader of Operation Zero Tolerance.

After meeting with problems with racism and both encouragement from Daredevil and an encounter with the villain Pyro, Reyes reluctantly joined the X-Men. Her first adventure involved saving Cyclops from a nanotech deep inside his body, which threatened to kill him, Reyes, other X-Men and obliterate anything in a three-mile radius. Despite having absolutely no medical supplies, she improvised in her successful attempt. For example, she had Storm use lightning to boil buckets of water. Afterwards, a dazed Cyclops offers her honorary X-Men status. She has several adventures with the team, combating the Ru'tai and the Shadow King. She usually did not bother with a costume, wearing either the yellow and blue training uniform or, on one occasion as a joke by Beast, an old costume of Wasp's. It was while wearing Wasp's old uniform that Reyes became involved in a battle with the X-Men's frequent enemy, the N'Garai, interdimensional demons. Reyes mostly ran away, but was saved (and mocked) by the X-Man rookie Marrow. She was eventually sucked into the N'Garai dimension, to be experimented upon, but her force field saved her from the cutting instruments. She escaped with the rest of the X-Men and the civilians they had saved.

Reyes was tempted by the Shadow King by offers of a new life, but managed to resist the villain's offer. Reyes did not find costumed adventuring suitable for her, and left to set up her own medical practice.

Later, she was caught up in the X-Men's battle with the Neo, a villainous group of mutants who claimed to have evolved beyond the level of other mutants. Reyes was trapped in the Neo's fortress below New York City and used a street drug called Rave to make her mutant powers more destructive, ensuring her survival. The X-Men rescued her, and the telepathic Professor X helped her kick her addiction to Rave during a detox period back at the X-Mansion.

Reyes last appearance with the X-Men was at the time when Beast discovered the cure to the Legacy Virus. She was the one to discover Colossus dead after injecting himself with the cure. Reyes attempted to revive him, but was unsuccessful.

Neverland
Later, she was seen as a prisoner at a mutant concentration camp run by the Weapon X program, called Neverland. There she attempted to use her medical expertise to help out the other prisoners. She was apparently killed off panel when a brainwashed Agent Zero destroyed the camp, and her death was later confirmed in the letter column of New Excalibur #1. Mike Marts contradicted this in an interview on uncannyxmen.net, stating that if Cecilia would be dead they would show it on panel, and therefore Cecilia was not yet considered deceased at that time.

In X-Men: The 198 Files, it has been revealed that Cecilia's older non-mutant brother, Colonel Miguel Reyes, had been assigned to head O*N*E security on the Xavier School grounds, with the purpose of finding out the fate of his sister.

Return
After M-Day and her escape from Neverland, Cecilia volunteers at local homeless shelters as well as working out of her apartment. According to Bobby Soul, she works off the record and under the table. The NYX teenagers bring an injured Tatiana to her for help. During their visit to her apartment she does not reveal to the teens that she used to be an X-Man. After treating Tatiana, she offers them a place to rest while she goes out for a few hours. Unaware Kiden Nixon is following her, she calls up Beast to ask a favor. Later when Cecilia returns with groceries, she finds the teens have left.

Sometime after these events, Cecilia moves to the X-Men's new base of operations; Utopia. When Magneto decides to bring back Shadowcat as a good will gesture, Cyclops asks specifically for her to help treat him of any injuries he might have suffered.

The Five Lights
After the events of Second Coming, Cecilia is partnered with Psylocke and sent to Mexico to locate the second of the Five Lights; the first mutants to manifest powers since M-Day. After sedating Gabriel, she informs his parents of what is transpiring and offers him help from the X-Men. Psylocke comes to the room and explains that something has happened, Gabriel's manifesting speed powers caused him to move so fast he is invisible to the naked eye. Psylocke taps into Cecilia's powers to create a force field around his room so they would not lose him before Hope Summers could arrive to help.

X-23
Gambit and X-23 arrive in New York City following a lead from London. Gambit is injured, with his wounds reopening later on. They visit Cecilia at her apartment, and she agrees to give Gambit stitches, but is perturbed at being disturbed and admits she left Utopia to avoid such "stupidity". X-23 picks up the scents of her friends from NYX in the apartment, and asks where they are. Cecilia states that she gave them permission to stay there before she went to Utopia, but they were gone by the time she returned. X-23 leaves to pursue a lead, and the city is soon rocked by a mysterious earthquake. Cecilia and Gambit help rescue and treat quake victims. Cecilia then accompanies Gambit as he searches for X-23, eventually finding her recovering in the care of the Future Foundation.

Fear Itself
During the "Fear Itself" storyline, Cecilia is added to a team of X-Men opposing the "worthy" empowered Juggernaut in the form of Kuurth: Breaker of Stone. She is instructed by Cyclops to protect a mob of anti-mutant protesters following Kuurth's attack.

Astonishing X-Men
Although she is still more comfortable healing humans than fighting superhumans, Cecilia Reyes is part of the new team composed by Wolverine. Alongside Northstar, Iceman, Beast, Gambit and Warbird, she assists to Northstar's wedding and tries to help Karma, whose mind has been taken over Ms. Hatchi for yet unknown reasons. She is also carrying on a romantic relationship with Gambit.

Dawn of X
In the new status quo for mutants post House of X and Powers of X, Professor X and Magneto invite all mutants to live on Krakoa and welcome even former enemies into their fold. Cecilia Reyes becomes something of a medical expert on mutant biology, running medical operations, autopsies and the like. She is also approached by Prodigy of X-Factor with a suggestion to build a body farm to study the effects of decomposition on mutant bodies.

Powers and abilities
Cecilia can generate a force field described as a "psioplasmic bio-field" around her body. This force field provides superhuman durability, increasing her resistance to energy and physical attacks. She can shape or expand it to protect those nearby. Impacts on the force field cause Cecilia pain. She also has shown the ability to wield her forcefield as a blunt force, pushing others out of her way. She can create spikes which could punch through a human body. Under the effects of the mutant-enhancing drug Rave, Cecilia is able to use her force field offensively, as a blade to attack enemies. The field can be raised consciously and in her initial appearances, shown triggered by any external force used against it.

Additionally, Cecilia is a capable medical doctor and surgeon.

Critical reception
Marc Buxton of Den of Geek said, "Dr. Cecilia Reyes has a really cool power, the ability to cast a force field that can protect herself or others, but the true specialness of the character is her desire to be a doctor instead of a superhero. Reyes is the X-Men’s most skilled healer, a woman who seeks true service as a medical professional rather than an adventuring crusader. Reyes is one of the most underutilized but humane of all the X-Men, a woman who has a clear sense of identity and purpose beyond throwing down with Unus, the Untouchable."

Accolades

 * In 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Cecilia Reyes 95th in their "Let's rank every X-Man ever" list.
 * In 2014, BuzzFeed ranked Cecilia Reyes 49th in their "95 X-Men Members Ranked From Worst To Best" list.
 * In 2017, Den of Geek included Cecilia Reyes in their "40 X-Men Characters Who Haven’t Appeared in the Movies But Should" list.
 * In 2019, CBR.com ranked Cecilia Reyes ranked 10th in their "Ranking All The Members Of NYX" list.
 * In 2020, Scary Mommy included Cecilia Reyes in their "Looking For A Role Model? These 195+ Marvel Female Characters Are Truly Heroic" list.
 * In 2020, CBR.com ranked Cecilia Reyes 5th in their "Doctors Unite! The Doctors Of Marvel Comics" list and 10th in their "10 Best Superhero Doctors In Marvel & DC" list.
 * In 2022, Newsarama included Cecilia Reyes in their "20 X-Men characters that should make the jump from Marvel comics to the MCU" list.
 * In 2022, Screen Rant included Cecilia Reyes in their "10 Best Doctors In Marvel Comics" list.
 * In 2022, CBR.com ranked Cecilia Reyes 3rd in their "X-Men Who Deserve Their Own Spinoff Films" list.

Other versions
In the Age of X-Man reality, Dr. Cecilia Reyes is the Medical Instructor of the 10th Year class within the Summers Institute Of Higher Learning, located in Winchester, NY.

In Days of Future Now, Cecilia survived the death camp Neverland and tried to help Wolverine to change the past to prevent "Days of Future Now" from ever happening. While watching over him, she was shot in the back by a Fantomex who was under the control of Sublime.

In X-Men: The End, she also had survived Neverland and has married Beast and they have three children (two boys and one girl), Ciaran, Francesca & Miguel McCoy.

In other media
Dr. Cecilia Reyes appears in The New Mutants, portrayed by Alice Braga. This version works for the Essex Corporation, who tasked her with monitoring potential recruits, until she is killed by the Demon Bear.

title: Cecilia Reyes


text:
Norwegian campaign order of battle

The German operation for the invasion of Denmark and Norway in April 1940 was code-named Weserübung, or "Weser Exercise." Opposing the invasion were the partially mobilized Norwegian military, and an allied expeditionary force composed of British, French, and Free Polish formations. The following list formed the order of battle for this campaign.

XXI Gruppe
On 1 March 1940, the German 21st Army Corps was renamed Group XXI and placed in charge of the invasion of Norway. The group was allotted two Mountain and five Infantry divisions for this task. It was led by the commanding officer of the XXI Korps, General der Infanterie Nikolaus von Falkenhorst. His Chief of Staff was Oberst Erich Buschenhagen.

 * 2nd Mountain Division
 * Commanded by Generalleutnant Valentin Feurstein
 * The division fought in the northern part of Norway, the 137th Regiment dropped by parachute at Narvik on 15 May.
 * Regiments: 136th & 137th mountain light infantry; 111th mountain artillery
 * 3rd Mountain Division
 * Commanded by Generalleutnant Eduard Dietl
 * Most of this division was landed at Trondheim and Narvik on 9 April.
 * Regiments: 138th & 139th mountain light infantry; 112th mountain artillery
 * 69th Infantry Division
 * Commanded by Generalmajor Hermann Tittel
 * From 9 April through 15 April, divisional elements were transported to Bergen, Stavanger, and Oslo.
 * Regiments: 159th, 193rd, and 236th infantry; 169th artillery
 * 163rd Infantry Division
 * Commanded by Generalmajor Erwin Engelbrecht
 * Elements were landed at Oslo, Kristiansand, Arendal, and Stavanger, beginning on 9 April.
 * Regiments: 307th, 310th, and 324th infantry; 234th artillery
 * 181st Infantry Division
 * Commanded by Generalmajor Kurt Woytasch
 * By 15 April, this division had arrived at Trondheim, being primarily transported by aircraft.
 * Regiments: 334th, 349th, and 359th infantry; 222nd artillery
 * 196th Infantry Division
 * Commanded by Generalmajor Richard Pellengahr
 * By 15 April, most of this division had landed at Oslo.
 * Regiments: 340th, 345th, and 362nd infantry; 233rd artillery
 * 214th Infantry Division
 * Commanded by Generalmajor Max Horn. It landed at Kristiansand and Arendal on 17 and 18 April.
 * Regiments: 355th, 367th, and 388th infantry; 214th artillery
 * 170th Infantry Division
 * Commanded by Generalmajor Walter Wittke
 * Entered Denmark through the southern end of Jutland peninsula on 9 April.
 * Regiments: 391st, 399th, and 401st infantry; 240th artillery
 * 198th Infantry Division
 * Commanded by Generalmajor Otto Röttig
 * Occupied Copenhagen, Zealand, and the southern Danish islands on 9 April.
 * Regiments: 305th, 308th, and 326th infantry; 235th artillery
 * German 11th Motorized Rifle Brigade
 * Commanded by Oberst Günther Angern
 * Part of the Denmark invasion force. It was replaced by garrison troops from the 160th Security Division on 13 May, when the brigade was withdrawn for use in the invasion of France.
 * Regiments: 110th and 111th motorized infantry
 * Panzer Abteilung z.b.V 40

Luftwaffe
The Luftwaffe's X Fliegerkorps was commanded by Generalleutnant Hans Ferdinand Geisler; it had operational command of all Luftwaffe units participating in Operation Weserübung.

 * Parachute troops
 * I/German 1st Parachute Regiment
 * Commanded by Major Erich Walther
 * Individual companies were used to occupy key airfields in northern Denmark (Aalborg Airport), near Stavanger (Sola Airport), and Oslo (Fornebu Airport).
 * Aircraft available
 * 102 fighters.
 * 233 bombers.
 * 39 dive bombers.
 * 165 reconnaissance aircraft (including float planes).
 * 582 transport aircraft.

Kriegsmarine
Baltic Sea and Norwegian Waters Naval Group Command West – Generaladmiral Alfred Saalwächter

Battleship Force – Vizeadmiral Günther Lütjens
 * Gneisenau, Kapitän zur See Harald Netzbandt (damaged 20 June)
 * Scharnhorst, Kapitän zur See Kurt-Caesar Hoffmann (damaged 8 June)

Objective: Narvik Warship Group One – Kapitän zur See and Kommodore Friedrich Bonte ( 10 April) Transporting:
 * First Flotilla  (detachment) – Fregattenkapitän Fritz Berger
 * Z2 Georg Thiele (Type 1934) – Korvettenkapitän Max-Eckart Wolff (Flotilla Flagship) (beached 13 April)
 * Second Flotilla  – Fregattenkapitän Erich Bey
 * Z9 Wolfgang Zenker (Type 1934A) – Fregattenkapitän Gottfried Pönitz (Flotilla Flagship) (beached and scuttled 13 April)
 * Z11 Bernd von Arnim (Type 1934A) – Korvettenkapitän Curt Rechel (beached and scuttled 13 April)
 * Z12 Erich Geise (Type 1934A) – Korvettenkapitän Karl Smidt (sunk 13 April)
 * Z13 Erich Koellner (Type 1934A) – Fregattenkapitän Alfred Schulze-Hinrichs (scuttled 13 April, Schulze-Hinrichs )
 * Third Flotilla – Fregattenkapitän H.-J. Gadow
 * Z17 Diether von Roeder (Type 1936) – Korvettenkapitän Erich Holthof (scuttled 13 April)
 * Z18 Hans Lüdemann (Type 1936) – Korvettenkapitän Herbert Friedrichs (Flotilla Flagship) (beached 13 April)
 * Z19 Hermann Künne (Type 1936) – Korvettenkapitän Friedrich Kothe (scuttled 13 April)
 * Z21 Wilhelm Heidkamp (Type 1936) – Korvettenkapitän Hans Erdmenger, (Group One Flagship) (sunk 10 April)
 * Z22 Anton Schmitt (Type 1936) – Korvettenkapitän Friedrich Böhme (sunk in First Battle of Narvik 10 April)
 * Advanced HQ/3rd Mountain Division – Generalleutnant Eduard Dietl, 139th Mountain Regiment/3rd Mountain Division – Oberst Windisch, coastal artillery battery (crew only), Naval signals section, Army signals platoon, I Bn/32nd LW Flak Regiment (personnel only)

Landing Group (planned to be at or entering Narvik when Warship Group One was scheduled to arrive.) Tanker Group
 * SS Bärenfels (1921) (cargo ship) (army equipment, guns, and ammunition) – diverted to Bergen and sunk by Fleet Air Arm air attack on 14 April
 * SS Rauenfels (1928) (cargo ship) (army equipment, guns, and ammunition) – sunk by British destroyers HMS Havock (H43) and HMS Hostile (H55) while entering the Ofotfjord on 10 April.
 * SS Alster (1928) (cargo ship) (motor transport and military stores) – captured by the British destroyer HMS Icarus (D03) near Bodø on 10 April
 * SS Jan Wellem (1935) (tanker) – arrived at Narvik, sunk 13 April
 * MS Kattegat (1928) (tanker) – scuttled by crew after being intercepted by Norwegian patrol boat HNOMS Nordkapp on 9 April

Objective Trondheim Warship Group Two – Kapitän zur See Hellmuth Heye, Transporting: Landing Group (Planned to be at or entering Trondheim when Warship Group Two was scheduled to arrive.) Tanker Group
 * Admiral Hipper, Kapitän zur See Hellmuth Heye (damaged 8 April)
 * 2. Destroyer Flotilla – Fregattenkapitän Rudolf von Pufendorf
 * Z5 Paul Jakobi (Type 1934A) – Korvettenkapitän Hans-Georg Zimmer, Flagship of 2. Destroyer Flotilla
 * Z6 Theodor Riedel (Type 1934A) – Korvettenkapitän Gerhardt Böhmig
 * Z8 Bruno Heinemann (Type 1934A) – Korvettenkapitän Hermann Alberts
 * Z16 Friedrich Eckoldt (Type 1934A) – Korvettenkapitän Alfred Schemmel
 * Naval Special Operations Group – Korvettenkapitän Wilhelm Hornack
 * 138th Mountain Regiment/3rd Mountain Division – Oberst Weiss, minus one company on the Lutzow, diverted to Oslo, 1./112th Mountain Artillery Regiment, 1./38th Engineer Battalion, naval signals detachment, army signals platoon, Two Coast Artillery Batteries (crews only), I Bn/611th LW Flak Regiment – personnel only, airbase personnel
 * SS Sao Paulo (1921) (supply ship) (mined off Bergen on 9 April, mine laid by Norwegian minelayer HNOMS Tyr (1887)),
 * MS Levante (1939) (cargo ship)
 * SS Main (1927) (supply ship) (captured and sunk on 9 April by Norwegian destroyer HNOMS Draug (1908))
 * MS Skagerrak (1928) (tanker) (scuttled on 14 April when intercepted by the Royal Navy cruiser HMS Suffolk (55))
 * MS Moonsund (1937) (tanker) (sunk on 12 April by the British submarine HMS Snapper (39S))

Objective Bergen Warship Group Three – Rear Admiral Hubert Schmundt 1. S-Boatflotilla – Kapitänleutnant Heinz Birnbacher Transporting:
 * Köln – Kapitän zur See Ernst Kratzenberg (Flag)
 * Königsberg – Kapitän zur See Heinrich Ruhfus (damaged by Norwegian coastal artillery on 9 April, then sunk by Fleet Air Arm aircraft on 10 April)
 * Bremse Fregattenkapitän Jakob Förschner (damaged by Norwegian coastal artillery on 9 April)
 * Torpedo boat GERMAN TORPEDO BOAT Leopard Kapitänleutnant Hans Trummer (sunk in collision 30 April)
 * Torpedo boat GERMAN TORPEDO BOAT Wolf, Oberleutnant Broder Peters, Flag of 6. Torpedo Boat Flotilla Korvettenkapitän Hans Marks,
 * S-Boat-Tender GERMAN SUPPORT SHIP Carl Peters, Kapitänleutnant Otto Hinzke (damaged by Norwegian coastal artillery on 9 April)
 * S19, S21, S22, S23, S24, GERMAN AUXILIARY Schiff 9 (mined off Bergen on 10 April, mine laid by Norwegian minelayer Tyr), GERMAN AUXILIARY Schiff 18 (damaged and beached 25 April)
 * HQ/69th Infantry Division, 1./169th Engineer Bn, 2./169th Engineer Bn, HQ/159th Infantry Regiment, I./159th infantry Regiment, II./159th infantry Regiment (-5. Company), 159th Band, naval signals section, army signals platoon, two coastal artillery batteries (crews only), I Bn/33rd LW Flak Regiment – personnel only, airbase personnel

Landing Group
 * SS Rio de Janeiro (1914) (troop ship) (torpedoed and sunk off Lillesand by the Polish submarine ORP Orzeł (1938))

Landing Group Stavanger
 * MS Roda (1928) (cargo ship) (captured and sunk on 9 April by Norwegian destroyer HNOMS Æger (1936))

Objectives Kristiansand and Arendal

Warship Group Four – Kapitän zur See Friedrich Rieve 2. S-Boat-Flotilla – Korvettenkapitän Rudolf Petersen Transporting
 * GERMAN CRUISER Karlsruhe – Kapitän zur See Friedrich Rieve (torpedoed and sunk on 9 April by the British submarine HMS Truant (N68) on return voyage to Germany)
 * Torpedo boat GERMAN TORPEDO BOAT Luchs – Kapitänleutnant Karl Kassbaum, flagship of Kapitän zur See Hans Bütow (F.d.T. = Leader of T-Boats),
 * Torpedo boat GERMAN TORPEDO BOAT Greif – Kapitänleutnant Wilhelm-Nikolaus Freiherr von Lyncker, flagship Korvettenkapitän Wolf Henne, leader of 5. Torpedo Boat Flotilla),
 * Torpedo boat GERMAN TORPEDO BOAT Seeadler – Kapitänleutnant Franz Kohlauf,
 * S-Boat-Tender Tsingtau – Kapitän zur See Carl Klingner
 * S7, S8, S17, S30, S31, S32, S33
 * HQ/310th Infantry Regiment, I/310th Infantry Regiment, 9 Co./310th Infantry Regiment, 234th Bicycle Infantry Co., naval signals platoon, two coastal artillery batteries (crews only)

Objectives Oslo and Oslofjord Warship Group Five – Rear Admiral Oskar Kummetz Objective Oslo
 * Blücher – Kapitän zur See Heinrich Woldag, flagship (sunk 9 April by the Norwegian coastal fortress Oscarsborg in the Oslofjord)
 * Lützow – Kapitän zur See August Thiele (damaged by Oscarsborg 9 April, then torpedoed and further damaged by HMS Spearfish (69S) on 11 April, during the return voyage to Germany)
 * Emden – Kapitän zur See Werner Lange
 * R18
 * R19
 * Rau 8

Objectives Son and Moss
 * Torpedo boat GERMAN TORPEDO BOAT Möwe – Kapitänleutnant Helmut Neuss

Objective Horten
 * Torpedo boat Albatros – Kapitänleutnant Siegfried Strelow (grounded and wrecked 10 April while under fire from Norwegian coastal artillery)
 * Torpedo boat Kondor – Kapitänleutnant Hans Wilcke
 * R17 (sunk 9 April by Norwegian warships HNOMS Olav Tryggvason and HNOMS Rauma (1939))
 * R22 (damaged by Olav Tryggvason and Rauma)
 * Rau 7

Objective Rauøy Island
 * R20
 * R24

Objective Bolærne Island
 * R22
 * R23

Objective Egersund Cable Station

Warship Group Six – Korvettenkapitän Kurt Thoma, 2 Minehunting Flotilla
 * GERMAN MINESWEEPER M-1, GERMAN MINESWEEPER M-2, GERMAN MINESWEEPER M-9, GERMAN MINESWEEPER M-13

Objectives Korsör and Nyborg Warship Group Seven – Kapitän zur See Gustav Kleikamp School Flotilla of Commander in Chief Baltic Approaches
 * Schleswig-Holstein – Kapitän zur See Gustav Kleikamp
 * Claus von Bevern (mine warfare trial ship, ex minesweeper/large torpedo boat)
 * Pelikan (mine warfare trial ship, ex minesweeper)
 * Nautilus (mine warfare trial ship, ex minesweeper)
 * SS Campinas (1921) (cargo ship)
 * SS Cordoba (1919) (cargo ship)
 * MRS 12 (minesweeper)
 * Six armed fishing trawlers – Fregattenkapitän Dr. Oskar Dannenberg

Objectives Copenhagen Warship Group Eight – Korvettenkapitän Wilhelm Schroeder Warship Group Eight supported in the waters of the Belt by 13. Patron-Flotilla – Kapitänleutnant Dr. Walther Fischer
 * Hansestadt Danzig (minelayer) – Korvettenkapitän Wilhelms Schroeder
 * SS Stettin (1933) (icebreaker)

Objectives Middelfart and Belt Bridge Warship Group Nine – Kapitän zur See Helmut Leissner, F.d.V.O
 * SS Rugard (1927) (cargo ship), flagship of F.d.V.O,
 * Arkona (M115), Otto Braun (M129), Cressida, Silvia, R6, R7 (minesweepers)
 * UJ 107 (ASW patrol craft)
 * Passat, Monsun (Tugs)

Objectives Esbjerg and Nordby Warship Group Ten – Kapitän zur See and Kommodore Friedrich Ruge F.d.M. West 12. Minehunter Flotilla – Korvettenkapitän Karl Marguth 2. Minesweeper Flotilla – Korvettenkapitän Gert von Kamptz
 * Königin Luise (F6) (patrol craft)
 * KFK M1201, KFK M1202, KFK M1203, KFK M1204, KFK M1205, KFK M1206, KFK M1207, KFK M1208, M4, M20, M84, M102 (minesweepers)

 * R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32 (R boat minesweepers)

Objective Thyborön 'Warship Group Eleven – Korvettenkapitän Walter Berger 4. Minehunter Flotilla – Korvettenkapitän Walter Berger
 * M-61, M-89, M-110, M-111, M-134, M-136 (minesweepers)

3. Minesweeper Flotilla – Kapitänleutnant Hagen Küster
 * R 33, R 34, R 35, R 36, R 37, R 38, R 39, R 40 (minesweepers)
 * GERMAN R BOAT TENDER Von Der Groeben – Oberleutnant zur See Gustav Czycholl (R boat tender)

Mine Sweeper Covering Group Laying minefields to the Skagerrak to protect the German resupply route to southern Norway.
 * Schlesien (pre-dreadnought battleship)

Minelaying Group – Kapitän zur See Kurt Böhmer:
 * Roland – Korvettenkapitän Karl von Kutzleben (minelayer)
 * SS Cobra (1926) – Kapitänleutnant Dr. Ing. Karl-Friedrich Brill (minelayer)
 * Preussen – Korvettenkapitän Karl Freiherr von der Recke (minelayer)
 * MS Königin Luise – Kapitänleutnant Kurt Foerster
 * M6, M10, M11, M12 (minesweepers fitted to lay mines)

U-Boat Force Force – Rear Admiral Karl Dönitz

U-Boat Group One Patrol area: Narvik, Harstad, Vestfjord, Vågsfjord
 * GS U-25 (1936), GS U-46 (1938), GS U-51 (1938), GS U-64 (1939) (sunk 13 April), GS U-65 (1940)

U-Boat Group Two Patrol area: Trondheim, Namsos, Romsdalsfjord
 * GS U-30 (1936), GS U-34 (1936)

U-Boat Group Three Patrol area: Bergen, Ålesund, Shetland Islands
 * GS U-9 (1935), GS U-14 (1936), GS U-56 (1938), GS U-60 (1939), GS U-62 (1939)

U-Boat Group Four Patrol area: Stavanger
 * GS U-1 (1935) (sunk c. 6 April), GS U-4 (1935)

U-Boat Group Five Patrol area: East of the Shetland Islands, Vågsfjord, Trondheim
 * GS U-37 (1938), GS U-38 (1938), GS U-47 (1938), GS U-48 (1939), GS U-49 (1939) (sunk 15 April), GS U-50 (1939) (sunk 6 April)

U-Boat Group Six Patrol area: Pentland, Orkney Islands, Shetland Islands
 * GS U-13 (1935) (sunk 31 May), GS U-57 (1938), GS U-58 (1939), GS U-59 (1939)

U-Boat Group Seven Never assembled

U-Boat Group Eight Patrol area: Lindesnes, Egersund
 * GS U-2 (1935), GS U-3 (1935), GS U-5 (1935), GS U-6 (1935)

U-Boat Group Nine Patrol area: Bergen, Shetland Islands
 * GS U-7 (1935), GS U-10 (1935), GS U-19 (1936)

Unassigned to a group Operating in the area of the Orkney Islands, Shetland Islands, and Bergen
 * GS U-17 (1935), GS U-23 (1936), GS U-24 (1936), GS U-61 (1939)

Norway

Owing to the speed and surprise achieved by the German forces, the Norwegian army was only able to partially mobilize. Unit strengths were only a fraction of their paper establishments.

Unlike the armies of most other nations, the Norwegian "division" was more of an administrative and mobilization unit, rather than a fighting formation. The most important tactical unit of the Norwegian army was the regiment. When mobilized, each regiment was supposed to muster two battalions of infantry of the line, and one battalion of landvern. Some of the Norwegian forces were ad hoc battalions.

The commander of the Norwegian Army at the time of the invasion was General Kristian Laake. He was replaced by Colonel Otto Ruge on 11 April.

Each Regiment had 3,750 soldiers, with 60,000 being the total number of soldiers by 1940. Every battalion had around 1,250 soldiers. However, only 55,000 soldiers were well prepared.

Norwegian Army

 * The Royal Guards battalion – based in Oslo and Elverum, the only unit in Southern Norway that received proper training during the inter-war years.
 * 1st Division – This division had its headquarters in Halden, and was commanded by Major-General Carl Johan Erichsen.
 * 1st Infantry Regiment (based in Fredrikstad)
 * 2nd Infantry Regiment (based in Oslo)
 * 3rd Infantry Regiment (based in Kongsberg)
 * 2nd Division – This division had its headquarters in Oslo, and was commanded by Major-General Jacob Hvinden Haug.
 * 4th Infantry Regiment (based in Trandum)
 * 5th Infantry Regiment (based in Elverum)
 * 6th Infantry Regiment (based in Hønefoss)
 * 3rd Division – This division had its headquarters in Kristiansand, and was commanded by Major-General Einar Liljedahl.
 * 7th Infantry Regiment (based in Kristiansand)
 * 8th Infantry Regiment (based in Stavanger)
 * 4th Division – This division had its headquarters in Bergen, and was commanded by Major-General William Steffens.
 * 9th Infantry Regiment (based in Bergen)
 * 10th Infantry Regiment (based in Voss)
 * 5th Division – This division had its headquarters in Trondheim, and was commanded by Major-General Jacob Ager Laurantzon.
 * 11th Infantry Regiment (based in Åndalsnes)
 * 12th Infantry Regiment (based in Trondheim)
 * 13th Infantry Regiment (based in Steinkjer)
 * 6th Division – This division had its headquarters in Harstad, and was commanded by Major-General Carl Gustav Fleischer. The division was better prepared for war than any other unit of the Norwegian Army as it had been mobilised and kept on duty during the Finnish Winter War.
 * 14th Infantry Regiment (based in Mosjøen)
 * 15th Infantry Regiment (based at Elvegårdsmoen)
 * 16th Infantry Regiment (based in Tromsø and Bardufoss)
 * During the campaign, the 6th Division formed two light infantry brigades. The 6th Brigade was initially commanded by Colonel Kristian Løken, and from 9 May by Lieutenant Colonel Ole Berg, and the 7th Brigade, commanded by Colonel Wilhelm Faye.

 * Additional units – These were additional units not organised into divisions.
 * 1st Dragoon Regiment (based at Gardermoen, including Norway's only tank)
 * 2nd Dragoon Regiment (based in Hamar)
 * 3rd Dragoon Regiment (based in Rindleiret, Verdal)
 * 1st Artillery Regiment (based in Ski)
 * 2nd Artillery Regiment (based at Gardermoen)
 * 3rd Artillery Regiment (based in Trondheim/Stjørdal)
 * 1st Mountain Artillery Battalion (based in Evje)
 * 2nd Mountain Artillery Battalion (based in Voss)
 * 3rd Mountain Artillery Battalion (based in Bardufoss)
 * Alta Battalion (based at Altagård in Alta)
 * Varanger Battalion (based in Kirkenes, with training grounds at Nyborgmoen near Varangerbotn)

At the time of the German invasion, the Norwegian Army was only partially mobilized, and thus only the following land units were immediately available to the Norwegians;
 * The Oslo battalion of the Royal Guards
 * 4 regiments of the 1st and 2nd Divisions
 * 3 battalions of the 3rd Division
 * 5 battalion for the 4th Division
 * Only about 2 battalions and a company of 5th Division
 * The 6th Division
 * Three landvern companies at Horten, Haugesund and on various fortresses in the Oslofjord.
 * One artillery battalion at Fredrikstad, and another one in the extreme north.
 * One artillery battery at Gardermoen, and two more in the extreme north.
 * One mountain artillery battery at Evjemoen
 * One engineer company near Madla
 * Partially mobilised elements of the 3rd Dragoon Regiment at the outskirts of Trondheim
 * A company of volunteers at Hegra Fortress
 * The Alta and Varanger Battalions

Norwegian Army Air Service

At the outbreak of the German invasion, the Norwegian Army Air Service consisted of: Of the Norwegian Army Air Service's aircraft, all were shot down, destroyed or captured by the Germans during the campaign, except two Fokker C.Vs and one Tiger Moth that were flown to Finland on 8 June 1940. The three biplanes were intended to form a Norwegian Army Air Service training unit in Finland under the command of Captain Ole Reistad, but were eventually taken over by the Finnish Air Force.
 * 11 Gloster Gladiator biplane fighters (7 operational)
 * 3 Armstrong Whitworth Scimitar biplane fighters (none operational, undergoing maintenance)
 * 4 Caproni Ca.310 monoplane reconnaissance/bombers (3 operational)
 * 25 Fokker C.V-D reconnaissance/bomber biplanes (24 operational)
 * 16 Fokker C.V-E reconnaissance/bomber biplanes (16 operational)
 * 29 de Havilland Tiger Moth biplane trainers (26 operational)
 * 3 de Havilland DH.60 Moth biplane trainers (none operational, undergoing maintenance)
 * 6 Curtiss P-36 Hawk monoplane fighters (none operational, still under final assembly)

Royal Norwegian Navy
The Royal Norwegian Navy during the campaign consisted of:
 * 2 Eidsvold-class coastal defence ships:
 * HNOMS Eidsvold (sunk 9 April), HNOMS Norge (sunk 9 April)
 * 7 destroyers:
 * Three Draug-class destroyer: HNOMS Troll (1910) (captured 18 May), HNOMS Garm (1913) (sunk 26 April) and HNOMS Draug (1908) (evacuated to the United Kingdom 9 April).
 * Four Sleipner-class destroyer: HNOMS Æger (1936) (sunk 9 April), HNOMS Sleipner (1936) (evacuated to the United Kingdom 25 April), HNOMS Gyller (1938) and HNOMS Odin (1939) (both captured 9 April)
 * Two incomplete Sleipner-class destroyers: HNOMS Tor (1939) (scuttled 9 April) and HNOMS Balder (1939) (captured 9 April)
 * 11 minelayers:
 * Five Vale-class gunboat: HNOMS Vale (1874) (captured 13 May), HNOMS Uller (1876) (captured 9 April, sunk by Norwegian forces 1 May), HNOMS Brage (1878) (captured 9 April), HNOMS Nor (1878) (captured 14 April), HNOMS Vidar (1878) (captured 14 April)
 * Two Gor-class gunboat: HNOMS Gor (1884) (captured 13 May), HNOMS Tyr (1887) (captured 20 April),
 * Two Glommen-class minelayer: HNOMS Glommen (1916) (captured 14 April), HNOMS Laugen (1918) (captured 14 April),
 * Two unique vessels: HNOMS Frøya (scuttled 13 April), HNOMS Olav Tryggvason (captured 9 April)
 * 8 minesweepers:
 * Two Otra-class: HNOMS Otra (1939) (captured 10 April) and HNOMS Rauma (1939) (captured 9 April)
 * Six rebuilt 2. class torpedo boats: HNOMS Djerv (1897) (scuttled 2 May), HNOMS Dristig (scuttled 2 May), HNOMS Hvas (captured 11 April), HNOMS Kjæk (captured 12 April), HNOMS Falk (1902) (captured 12 April), HNOMS Hauk (1902) (captured 9 April)
 * 9 submarines:
 * Three A class: HNOMS A-2 (damaged and run aground 9 April), HNOMS A-3 (scuttled 16 April), HNOMS A-4 (scuttled 16 April)
 * Six B class: HNOMS B-1 (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), HNOMS B-2 (captured 11 April), HNOMS B-3 (scuttled 10 June), HNOMS B-4 (captured 10 April), HNOMS B-5 (captured 9 April), HNOMS B-6 (captured 18 May)
 * 17 torpedo boats:
 * Three Trygg-class torpedo boat: HNOMS Trygg (1919) (sunk 25 April), HNOMS Snøgg (1919) (captured 5 May), HNOMS Stegg (1921) (sunk 20 April)
 * Six 1. class: HNOMS Brand (1898) (captured 9 April), HNOMS Laks (1900) (captured 13 April), HNOMS Sæl (sunk 18 April), HNOMS Storm (1898) (wrecked 12/13 April), HNOMS Sild (1900) (scuttled 5 May), HNOMS Skrei (1901) (scuttled 8 May)
 * Eight 2. class: HNOMS Grib (scuttled 17 April), HNOMS Jo (1905) (scuttled 17 April), HNOMS Kjell (captured 11 April), HNOMS Lom (1905) (captured 9 April), HNOMS Ravn (1903) (scuttled 17 April), HNOMS Skarv (1906) (captured 9 April), HNOMS Teist (1907) (scuttled 14 April), HNOMS Ravn (1903) (captured 9 April)
 * 58 patrol boats, including:
 * HNOMS Fridtjof Nansen (1930) (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), HNOMS Heimdal (1892) (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), HNOMS Honningsvåg (captured from the Germans 13 April, evacuated to the United Kingdom 7 June), HNOMS Nordkapp (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), SS Oster (2) (captured 22 May), HNOMS Pol III (captured 14 April), HNOMS Thorodd (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June)

Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service
The Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service consisted of:
 * 6 Heinkel He 115 seaplane reconnaissance torpedo bombers (all operational)
 * 1 Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.12 biplane trainer aircraft (not operational, undergoing repairs)
 * 1 Junkers Ju 52 seaplane bomber (not operational, undergoing maintenance)
 * 20 Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.11 biplane reconnaissance seaplane (17 operational, 3 undergoing maintenance)
 * 3 Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.10 biplane trainer seaplane (two operational, one undergoing maintenance)
 * 5 Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.8 biplane trainer seaplane (two operational, three undergoing maintenance)
 * 6 Douglas DT2B/C torpedo bomber biplanes (two operational, one undergoing maintenance and three not mobilized)
 * 4 Breda Ba.25 biplane trainer aircraft (none operational, all undergoing maintenance)

Of the Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service's fleet of aircraft, four Heinkel He 115s were evacuated to the United Kingdom at the end of the campaign, while one He 115 and three Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.11s were flown to Finland and taken over by the Finnish Air Force.

Mauriceforce
Commanded by Major-General Carton de Wiart V.C., this group began landing at Namsos on 14 April.

 * British 146th Infantry Brigade – Commanded by Brigadier Charles G. Phillips
 * 1/4th Battalion, Royal Lincolnshire Regiment
 * 1/4th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
 * Hallamshire Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment
 * French 5e Demi-Brigade Chasseurs Alpins – Commanded by Général de Brigade Antoine Béthouart
 * 13ème Bataillon Chasseurs Alpins
 * 53ème Bataillon Chasseurs Alpins
 * 67ème Bataillon Chasseurs Alpins

Sickleforce
Commanded by Major-General Bernard Charles Tolver Paget, this force landed at Åndalsnes starting 18 April.

 * 15th Infantry Brigade – Commanded by Brigadier Herbert Edward Fitzroy Smyth
 * 1st Battalion, Green Howards
 * 1st Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
 * 1st Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment
 * 148th Infantry Brigade – Commanded by Brigadier Harold de Riemer Morgan
 * 1/5th Battalion, Leicestershire Regiment
 * 1/8th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters
 * 168 Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery from 56th (East Lancashire) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
 * 260th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery
 * 55th Field Company, Royal Engineers

Rupertforce
Commanded by Major-General Pierse Joseph Mackesy, this force landed at Harstad, north of Narvik, between 15 April and 5 May.

 * 24th (Guards) Brigade – Commanded by Brigadier William Fraser
 * 1st Battalion, Scots Guards
 * 1st Battalion, Irish Guards
 * 2nd Battalion, South Wales Borderers
 * French 27e Demi-Brigade de Chasseurs Alpins – Commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Sèrge Valentini
 * 6ème Bataillon Chasseurs Alpins
 * 12ème Bataillon Chasseurs Alpins
 * 14ème Bataillon Chasseurs Alpins
 * French 13th Foreign Legion Demi-Brigade – Commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Raoul Magrin-Vernerey. Landed at Harstad on 5 May.
 * 1er Bataillon
 * 2ème Bataillon
 * Polish Independent Highland Brigade – Commanded by General Zygmunt Bohusz-Szyszko
 * 1st Demi-Brigade
 * 1 Battalion
 * 2 Battalion
 * 2nd Demi-Brigade
 * 3 Battalion
 * 4 Battalion
 * One troop, 3rd The King's Own Hussars (personnel only, no tanks)
 * 203 (Cumberland) Field Battery from 51st (Westmorland and Cumberland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
 * French 342me Independent Tank Company
 * French 2me Independent Colonial Artillery Group
 * British Nos. 1, 3, 4 and 5 Independent Companies ("Scissorsforce") commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Colin Gubbins, landed Mosjøen, Mo i Rana and Bodø 8/9 May.
 * British No. 2 Independent Company commanded by Major Hugh Stockwell, landed at Bodø 15 May.

North Western Expeditionary Force
Commanded by Lieutenant-General Claude Auchinleck, this force resulted from the reorganisation of British forces in the Narvik area on 13 May 1940.
 * 24th (Guards) Brigade, acting commander, Brigadier Colin Gubbins; organisation as above. Brought back to Narvik from Bodø for evacuation on 29–31 May.
 * Nos 2, 3 and 5 Independent Companies: brought back to Narvik from Bodø for evacuation on 29–31 May, Nos 1 and 4 Companies having been evacuated directly to home ports.
 * One troop 3rd Kings Hussars without tanks
 * 203 Battery, 51st Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
 * 6th Anti-Aircraft Brigade commanded by Brigadier F.N.C. Rosseter
 * No 10 Army Observer Unit
 * 51st (London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery (23 x 3.7-inch mobile AA guns, based at Harstad, Skånland, and some attached to Bodø Force)
 * 82nd (Essex) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery (24 x 3.7-inch mobile AA guns)
 * 156th (Essex) HAA Bty in Bardufoss
 * 193rd (Essex) HAA Bty in Tromsø and Sørreisa
 * 55th (Devon) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery (36 x 40mm Bofors guns, detachments in Harstad, Skånland, Bardufoss, and Bodø force)
 * 167th Light Anti-Aircraft Bty from 56th (East Lancashire) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, (10 x 40mm Bofors guns in Tromsø and Sørreisa)
 * 3rd LAA Bty (10 x 40mm Bofors guns in Bardufoss and French force)
 * 229 and 230 Field Companies, Royal Engineers
 * Detachment 231 Field Park Company, Royal Engineers

Royal Navy

 * 4 battleships – HMS Resolution (09), HMS Rodney (29), HMS Valiant (1914) and HMS Warspite (03)
 * 2 battlecruisers – HMS Renown (1916) and HMS Repulse (1916)
 * 3 aircraft carriers – HMS Ark Royal (91), HMS Furious (47) and HMS Glorious (sunk 8 June)
 * 5 heavy cruisers – HMS Berwick (65), HMS Devonshire (39), HMS Effingham (grounded 17 May, lost), HMS Suffolk (55) (beached 17 April) and HMS York (90)
 * 5 light cruisers – HMS Birmingham (C19), HMS Glasgow (1937), HMS Manchester (1937), HMS Sheffield (C24), and HMS Southampton (83)
 * 5 light cruisers – HMS Arethusa (26), HMS Aurora (12), HMS Enterprise (1926), HMS Galatea (71) and HMS Penelope (97) (grounded 11 April, damaged)
 * 6 anti-aircraft cruisers – HMS Cairo (D87) (damaged 28 May), HMS Calcutta (1918), HMS Carlisle (D67), HMS Coventry (D43), HMS Curacoa (D41) (damaged 24 April) and HMS Curlew (D42) (sunk 26 May)
 * 7 Tribal-class destroyers – HMS Afridi (F07) (sunk 3 May), HMS Bedouin (F67), HMS Cossack (F03), HMS Eskimo (F75), HMS Gurkha (F20) (sunk 9 April), HMS Punjabi (F21) and HMS Zulu (F18)
 * 14 destroyers – HMS Acasta (H09) (sunk 8 June), HMS Ardent (H41) (sunk 8 June), HMS Forester (H74), HMS Foxhound (H69), HMS Glowworm (H92) (sunk 8 April), HMS Hardy (H87) (sunk 10 April), HMS Havock (H43), HMS Hero (H99), HMS Hostile (H55), HMS Hotspur (H01), HMS Hunter (H35) (sunk 10 April), HMS Icarus (D03), HMS Kimberley (F50), HMS Wolverine (D78)
 * 4 sloops – HMS Auckland (L61) (damaged 20 April), HMS Bittern (L07) (sunk 30 April), HMS Black Swan (L57), HMS Flamingo (L18), HMS Fleetwood (U47), HMS Stork (L81),
 * 17 submarines – including HMS Sterlet (2S) (sunk c. 18 April), HMS Tarpon (N17) (sunk 10 April), HMS Thistle (N24) (sunk 10 April), HMS Seal (N37) (captured 5 May)
 * ?? minesweepers

French Navy

 * 2 cruisers – FRENCH CRUISER Émile Bertin and FRENCH CRUISER Montcalm
 * 4 auxiliary cruisers – El Djezaïr, El Mansour, El Kantara, Ville d'Oran
 * 9 destroyers – FRENCH DESTROYER Bison (sunk 3 May), FRENCH DESTROYER Tartu, FRENCH DESTROYER Maillé Brézé, FRENCH DESTROYER Chevalier Paul, FRENCH DESTROYER Boulonnais, FRENCH DESTROYER Milan, FRENCH DESTROYER Épervier, FRENCH DESTROYER Brestois, FRENCH DESTROYER Foudroyant
 * 17 transport ships – Ville d'Alger, Djenné, SS Flandre (1913), Président Doumer, Chenonceaux, SS Mexique, Colombie, Amiénois, Saumur, Cap Blanc, Château Pavie, Saint Firmin, Albert Leborgne, Paul Émile Javary, Saint Clair, Vulcain, Enseigne Maurice Préchac
 * 1 submarine – FRENCH SUBMARINE Rubis

Polish Navy in exile

 * 3 destroyers – ORP Błyskawica, ORP Burza, ORP Grom (1936) (sunk 4 May)
 * 1 submarine – ORP Orzeł (1938) (sunk 8 June)
 * 3 troopships – MS Chrobry (damaged later scuttled 16 May), MS Sobieski, MS Batory

Royal Air Force (deployed to Norway)

 * No. 263 Squadron RAF – Gloster Gladiator fighter aircraft
 * No. 46 Squadron RAF – Hawker Hurricane fighter aircraft

title: Norwegian campaign order of battle


text:
Talk:Adaptive filter

Not just a DSP thing
Adaptive filtering isn't just a DSP thing. There's a big beautiful body of mathematical literature put together by guys like Wiener and Kalman on the art of detection, estimation, and optimal and adaptive filtering. It's probably fairer to call it a "linear algebra" thing than a "DSP" thing.

Current implementations are done in DSP because computers are fast enough and cheap enough that it's the only reasonable way to do it. But Wiener did a lot of work on analog mechanisms that drew upon the same body of mathematics.

Applications
I've added Echo cancellation and linked to Linear prediction. There is no hint as to what Channel equalization and Channel identification should refer to so I've boldly removed those. Feel free to restore them if you can explain to us what they're about. --Kvng (talk) 20:01, 2 September 2008 (UTC)

Someone could add http://www.eee.strath.ac.uk/r.w.stewart/adaptivejava/begin.htm in external links. Good examples with figures. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 210.212.160.101 (talk) 17:28, 10 November 2008 (UTC)

Too technical?
What specifically is too technical about this article? It seems clear and simple to me. Only the block diagram section even has any equations (which seems fine, since it's obviously for more advanced readers), and they're all nicely explained. —Keenan Pepper 18:06, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

 * I have reworked the lead to improve accessibility - Discussion of coefficients in the lead was unnecessary, for instance. I think that's enough for me to remove the Technical tag. It would be nive to increase the word to formula ratio in the Block Diagram section. --Kvng (talk) 16:25, 25 January 2011 (UTC)

What use is the adaptive filter shown in the block diagram?
In the example diagram the right side input to the system is the desired signal. If you already have the desired signal, d(t); why use the filter to predict it??

It would make more sense to me if a signal that correlates with v (in the EKG medical example above it would be the line voltage) is the input on the left side of the system and the corrupted signal, x(t)=d(t)+v(t), is the input on the right. Then the filter would output an estimate of v(t) and the result of the sum would be an estimate of d(t).

I could be way off since this isn't my field of expertise. Please set me straight if I'm off in left field somewhere. I'm not sure if my proposed circuit would work, but it sure seems to me like something is wrong since d(t) is needed to estimate d(t). Hangingman (talk) 03:49, 25 January 2011 (UTC)

 * You are confused because the example and equations do not correlate well with the block diagram. In the medical example, x(n) is line noise + heartbeat, d(n) is line noise only. The useful signal is e(n) which, once the adaptive filter has done it's magic, should be just the heartbeat. --Kvng (talk) 16:25, 25 January 2011 (UTC)

Shouldn't the example be revised to to correct this? I don't feel fully qualified to do it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Hangingman (talk • contribs) 01:01, 26 January 2011 (UTC)

Block Diagram explanation unlikely
The case described in the block diagram section is unlikely. If x(n) = d(n) + other, then you would not need a filter because you already have d(n). Generally x(n) and d(n) share some correlated signals. One may be a filtered version of the other or they may contained the same signals applied to different filters. What an adaptive filter does in general is to minimize e(n) by filtering the part of x(n) that is correlated to d(n) into an estimate of d(n) that is then subtracted from d(n). I will attempt to fix the explanation without needing to change the figure.Constant314 (talk) 14:45, 21 March 2014 (UTC)

Normalization of symbols
This page uses a mixture of n as a subscript (i.e. Wn) and (n) (i.e. x(n)). I will be fixing that. It will require a new figure. The new figure will be language neutral (no words in the figure). The notation is almost the same as Widrow and Stearns so I am going to change it all over to their notation. This means that I will mostly be changing my own additions. This should not take more than a few hours. I will be saving intermediate results so readers may catch it with a blend of notation. The changes will be: d-hat to y, e to ε, k to j, n to k, j to n and p to L. Constant314 (talk) 23:15, 24 March 2014 (UTC)

 * It is done.Constant314 (talk) 00:21, 25 March 2014 (UTC)

Recent 02/20/2017 changes
I've moved this recent work to the talk page for discussion. It is good work worth preserving, but I had to revert back a few steps because symbols were changed that no longer match the figures. In the figures, upper case Wk refers to the entire parameter vector at the k'th instant.

Let’s define $$\mathbf{w}_{k}=\left[w_{0,k} \ w_{1,k} \  ... \ w_{L,k} \right]^{T}$$ the vector of the  adaptive filter's free parameters,  $$\mathbf{x}_{k}=\left[x_{0,k} \ x_{1,k-1} \  ... \ x_{L,k-L} \right]^{T}$$ the vector that contains a $$(L+1)$$-length window of the input signal and $$k$$ the time index, in more formal terms an adaptive filter can be defined as a computational device, that attempts to model the relationship between two signals in real time in an iterative manner, and characterized by the presence of two blocks: Let's define $$J(\mathbf{w})$$ the cost function that define the criterion and $$\nabla J(\mathbf{w}_k) $$ its estimated gradient around the point $$\mathbf{w}_k $$, the most simple  adaptation rule can be defined as $$\Delta\mathbf{w}_k = -\mu \nabla J(\mathbf{w}_k) $$, where $$\mu $$ is the step-size or learning-rate parameter. In other words, the weights variation tend to minimize the cost function.
 * 1) a block that process the input signal and produce the filter output by the relation  $$y_k=\mathbf{w}_{k}^{T}\mathbf{x}_{k}$$;
 * 2) a block of the type  $$\mathbf{w}_k = \mathbf{w}_{k-1} + \Delta\mathbf{w}_k $$, denoted as adaptation or learning rule, that computes the weights variation according to a predetermined criterion.

With regard to this new material, it doesn't belong in the lede, but could be the beginning of a theory section, which the article needs. But specifically it is too mathematical and abstract for the lede. It assumes a particular filter implementation where as "adaptive filter" also includes adaptive lattice filters and adaptive IIR filters. Also, it introduces symbols not used in the rest of the article or the diagrams. That would not be a problem in a stand alone section in the body of the article. Finally, it is textbook style instead of encyclopedia style, which is easily remedied. Constant314 (talk) 18:55, 20 February 2017 (UTC)

RMS value
What is RMS value? The are LMS=Least Mean Squares, RLS=Recursive Least Square, but no explanation for RMS Jumpow (talk) 20:33, 27 October 2018 (UTC)

 * RMS = Root-Mean-Square = square root of average squared error. Constant314 (talk) 21:06, 27 October 2018 (UTC)
 * I made a wiki-link the the first occurrence of RMS.Constant314 (talk) 21:12, 27 October 2018 (UTC)

Missing very important definitions
I was trying to understand these adaptive filters and RLS in particular, - I have knowledge of machine learning/deep learning and have trained neural nets especially with supervised learning - but this page and other related to adaptive filter are missing a clear and precise (with examples as well !) description of what this "desired signal" is and how the cost function can be computed. If we consider that there is no "training phase" i.e. no ground truth available - why would there be ? If there was it would just be some kind of neural network that we could train by supervised learning and then deploy. - So in the scenario in which these adaptive filters are used, i.e. "no training" and used "in real time" - which seems to be the common usage of these filters, otherwise, again if training it becomes a standard neural net ! -, then talking about a "desired signal" which we can subtract and compute the error from in a cost function, seems to be absurd ! E.g., in the ECG corrupted by noise example: if we knew the ideal signal then no need to filter anything and the whole approach does not make any sense ... sometimes a so-called "correlated signal" is mentioned but this is not clear at all and never explained in details (what is it? How do we obtain such a "correlated signal" in practice ? why does that work ? etc)

Please update this page with much more details about this cost function and desired or "ideal" signal. I don't see how someone not familiar with those filters can understand the intuition behind them without clear understanding of the cost function, which seems to me like the ESSENTIAL part of the algorithm ! AlanTuring86 (talk) 09:45, 12 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Adaptive filter