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Selebi-Phikwe

Selebi-Phikwe (also spelt Selibe Phikwe) is a mining town located in the Central District of Botswana. It had a population of 42,488 in 2022. The town is an administrative district, separate from the surrounding Central District.

Mining
Nickel mining commenced in 1973 and has been the main activity since. The complex includes a mine and a smelter. All operations are now deep mining. Originally there were two tiny places called Selebi and Phikwe, which straddled a large undiscovered deposit of copper and nickel in the area. When the mineral wealth of the area was discovered in the 1960s a mine and a township were built in the woodland between the places with the combined name of Selebi-Phikwe.

The main source of employment was the BCL Limited mine which excavated and smelted mixed copper-nickel ore from several shafts in deep and opencast mines. The opencast pit is now unused. Ore is transported from the shaft by rail for smelting. The locomotives used were steam-powered, having been bought from National Railways of Zimbabwe (NRZ) and South African Railways (SAR).

BCL only intended to stay in operation until 2010 and more recently 2013. It finally ceased operations in September 2016 putting thousands out of work.

Government and infrastructure
The Botswana Prison Service (BPS) operates the Selebi-Phikwe Prison.

Phikwe Industrial Area provides premises for Factories and Business Houses as ancillary for the Mine. Construction companies include Watson, GSP, etc., SP Electricals, Britannia Backers, George Backers and Change and CO.

The town is also home to the Eastern Military Garrison run by the Botswana Defence Force.

Voice of America Botswana Shortwave Relay Facility: in 1991 the VOA inaugurated a shortwave transmitter at Moepeng Hill, about 20 km. from Selebi-Phikwe, a nickel and copper mining center. Owned jointly by the VOA and Radio Botswana, the station had operated on mediumwave since 1981.

Energy
A small coal-fired power station was built along with the mine to meet the electricity needs of the mining operation and the surrounding area. Until the late 1980s, this was the only power station in Botswana. It was closed down some years ago when the Morupule Power Station began to produce power. Most of the electricity demand was met by importing electricity from South Africa. In the current situation of 'rationing' by the South African power supplier Eskom, Botswana suffers from power shortages.

In 2010, a private company ENERGY POINT (PTY) LTD, promoted by a foreign direct investor from India, started its operation of the Manufacturing of UPS, inverters, surge protectors etc. But the investor could not continue due to non compliance of BEDI and a government promise to provide basic infrastructure such as industrial land etc. Still, the company made a significant mark in this area giving most of the businesses and residences an uninterrupted power supply.

Amenities and tourism
The town itself has a principal shopping mall, First Shopping Mall LESEDI shopping mall with ABC Bank and Barclays Extension Counter, Phikwe Square. There are five in-town hotels (Hotel Stonehouse, Hotel Selebi, Cresta Bosele, Syringa Lodge and Travel Inn), several guest houses and a number of serviced apartment complexes. The Phokoje Bush Lodge is about seven kilometres from town. The town has a small airport which only operates during daylight hours but does not have refuelling facilities. It has a technical college for artisan level training. A College of Applied Arts & Technology is being planned.

The town is on a tourist route from South Africa to the popular destinations of Okavango and Chobe. There is significant potential for birdwatching and fishing (bass and bream are well established but are not indigenous) at the Letsibogo Dam but, unfortunately, it is difficult to gain access to the dam due to rough terrain and necessity to camp on the shore. An experimental population of tigerfish (indigenous to the Limpopo basin) was introduced in 2009 which has proven that the environment would be suitable. The introduced population is thought to be insufficient for breeding. There are some local camp sites a few kilometres away from the dam. The water and wildlife at Letsibogo do not appear to have been negatively impacted by the pollution from BCL.

Selebi-Phikwe has seven government schools and across the town, Selebi Phikwe Senior Secondary School. Private schools include Kopano Primary, Morula Primary and Mount Pleasant Primary.

Selebi Phikwe hosts the biggest marathon in Botswana, the Phikwe Marathon; it was started by the late Boet Kahts and Phill Roberts who was a teacher at Selebi Phikwe Senior Secondary School in 1985 as a gesture of Community Service. The Marathon is classified as one of the best in the world by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). A report for SPEDU (Selebi Phikwe Economic Development), a local Regional Development Agency, suggests that there is significant potential for expansion of the marathon and also to apply the skills and experience gained by running that event for other events such as cross country cycling and quad biking and for bass fishing competitions at the Letsibogo Dam. The latter site also offers potential for bird watching and sailing if the infrastructure mentioned above were to be established.

Notable people

 * Shepard Mosekgwa (born 1976), Botswanan retired footballer

title: Selebi-Phikwe


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Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay

The women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay took place on 14 August at the Olympic Aquatic Centre of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Athens, Greece.

For the first time in 48 years, Australia (Alice Mills, Lisbeth Lenton, Petria Thomas, and Jodie Henry) won the gold medal in the event, overhauling Team USA on the final leg. When Henry touched the wall at 3:35.94, the Australians broke a new world record under a 0.06-second mark set by the Germans in 2002 (3:36.00). Henry also unleashed a remarkable relay split of 52.95, the fastest of all-time in Olympic history.

The U.S. team of Kara Lynn Joyce, Natalie Coughlin, Amanda Weir, and Jenny Thompson finished out an American record of 3:36.39 to earn a silver medal, while the Dutch took home the bronze in 3:37.59, after Inge de Bruijn swam a split of 53.37 to hold off the Germans anchored by Franziska van Almsick.

Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.

The following new world and Olympic records were set during this competition.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Seva Foundation

Seva Foundation is an international non-profit health organization based in Berkeley, California, known for preventing and treating blindness and other visual impairments. It was co-founded in 1978 by Dr. Larry Brilliant, Ram Dass, Wavy Gravy, Nicole Grasset and Govindappa Venkataswamy. Steve Jobs served as an early adviser and major contributor.

Seva works with local communities in more than 20 countries around the world to develop locally-run, culturally appropriate, self-sustaining programs to increase access to eye care. Seva works with local eye health hospitals and clinics in central Asia, southeast Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and throughout sub-Saharan Africa. The foundation also works with Native communities in North America through its American Indian Sight Initiative.

History
Seva Foundation, based in Berkeley, California, was founded in 1978 by public health expert Larry Brilliant, spiritual leader Ram Dass and humanitarian activist Wavy Gravy. Other co-founders include Dr. Govindappa Venkataswamy, founder of the Aravind Eye Foundation, and Nicole Grasset, the senior adviser for the World Health Organization smallpox eradication campaign. Steve Jobs also participated as an adviser at early Seva meetings and provided the first significant cash donation along with an Apple II to enter and analyze eye care survey results in the original Nepal program.

According to the Seva Foundation's website, "Seva (pronounced Say-Va) is a Sanskrit word meaning 'selfless service to others' and came to represent for us the dream of relieving suffering and reducing poverty in the most effective ways possible."

title: Seva Foundation


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Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre butterfly

The women's 100 metre butterfly event at the 2004 Olympic Games was contested at the Olympic Aquatic Centre of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Athens, Greece on August 14 and 15.

Australia's Petria Thomas, who finished fourth in Sydney, won her first individual gold medal in this event, outside the Olympic record time of 57.72 seconds. The silver medal was awarded to Poland's Otylia Jędrzejczak, who trailed behind Thomas by 0.12 of a second, in an outstanding time of 57.84. Defending Olympic champion and world record holder Inge de Bruijn of the Netherlands, on the other hand, took home the bronze at 57.99 seconds.

Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.


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Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre individual medley

The women's 400 metre individual medley event at the 2004 Olympic Games was contested at the Olympic Aquatic Centre of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Athens, Greece on August 14.

World record holder Yana Klochkova of Ukraine successfully defended her Olympic title in this event, outside the record time of 4:34.83. U.S. swimmer Kaitlin Sandeno, who finished behind Klochkova by 0.12 of a second, earned a silver medal, in an American record time of 4:34.95. Georgina Bardach, on the other hand, won Argentina's first Olympic bronze medal in swimming, breaking a South American record of 4:37.51. South Korea's Nam Yoo-sun and Greece's Vasiliki Angelopoulou became the first female swimmers for their respective nation to reach an Olympic final, finishing outside the medals in seventh and eighth place, respectively. Romania's Beatrice Câșlaru, who won a bronze medal in Sydney, finished only in fourteenth place on the morning's preliminary heats.

Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bavarian druglords

Non-notable "musical collective". RickK 06:04, Aug 17, 2004 (UTC)

Do Not Delete. Just because you haven't heard of something and/or cannot find more than a hundred results for it on the internet does not mean that it's invalid or "vanity". This movement is alive and well and across many different lands. I suggest you open your minds and not just claim that everything is an invalid "plug". Music and art and artists are abundant on Wikipedia and I believe this is a valid entry. (Vote by User:Everso, the article's author) VfD discussion was blanked by 24.136.26.92, creator of the page. -- Cyrius|✎ 02:42, 18 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, any article that starts with Foo is a bar that is mentioned about one hundred times on the Internet should be instantly deleted for non-notability. -- Ferkelparade π 07:16, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. No evidence of notability. But I note that the quote above plus This suggests they have had no great impact on music or popular culture seem to have been added by an unsympathetic critic rather than the original author. Perhaps we should revisit my idea of probably not famous people? Andrewa 08:43, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * You're right, after checking the edit history, I see that my reason for voting to delete has been wrong :P My vote still stands, unless someone can convince me of notability -- Ferkelparade π 16:52, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: I think the "Almost Famous People" category/holder is ok, but, to some degree, notability sufficient for an encyclopedia really should make it hard for us to be fooled by vanity/enemies. This is not always the case, as with Christopher Knowles, but pop bands get notable as they get talked about. (Not saying this well, sorry.)  Geogre 13:47, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable, probably vanity. Mainly plugs their supposed movement.   — Gwalla | Talk 16:41, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete; borders on patent nonsense. a small gathering of people who are experienced globally. their channels include music, art, culture, travel, theory, philosophy and mental architecture. broad educational backgrounds ranging from doctor to architect to life living creatures. revolution is the target of their work and ridding the world of excessive meaningless art is accomplished by their involvement in "the kill art movement". . . .  There are other musicians involved but due to legality issues (record label rules) they are unable to reveal their identity.  This would be puffery void of meaning even if it could be verified.  Smerdis of Tlön 20:14, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - standard artist self-promotion/vanity. -- Cyrius|✎ 23:17, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: It's not the first page they have blanked. It's also possible that this article was previously deleted under a slightly different name. Andrewa 07:26, 18 Aug 2004 (UTC)


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User:JSLongwell/To do

This is my personal to do list.

Articles to create

 * iThink Software

Stubs and short articles to expand

 * Pelee Island c

Larger articles to work on

 * Cedar Point
 * Oberlin, Ohio

Projects to undertake

 * Olympics
 * Candy

Articles to watch

 * Siesta c

title: User:JSLongwell/To do


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User:Gavin M

Name: Gavin Age: 20 Location: Seattle Favorite Anime Movies: X, Twilight of the Dark Master, Akira, Vampire Hunter D Favorite Anime Series: FLCL, Outlaw Star, Blue Seed, Oh My Goddess!, Trigun, Cowboy Bebop Favorite Manga Comics: Mars, Love Hina, Marmalade Boy Favorite Novel Series: Sleeping Beauty Trilogy Favorite Author: Anne Rice, Dara Joy, Stephen King Favorite color: Black/Dark Green Favorite Musical Artists: ICP, Twiztid, ABK, Blaze, KMK Favorite Actors: Anthony Hopkins, Bruce Willis, Matthew Lillard, Nicholas Cage Favorite Quote: "And we shall live happily ever after," I said through my kisses, "as the fairy tales say." "Yes, happily ever after," she answered, "and a good deal happier, I think, than anyone else could ever guess.'

title: User:Gavin M


text:
Talk:Gabon

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 15:02, 23 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Gabon Product Exports (2019).svg

Edit warring
Edit warring starting with then continuing (in a different direction about the same disputed text) with. Apparently, the anonymous editor, regardless of what the source says, wants the "no religion" figure to read 0.2% and doesn't appear to want the "fails verification" template in place. I'm not sure at which point either sequence of changes became an edit war, but I think it's there now. I'm going to bed and will catch up when next. The Crab Who Played With The Sea (talk) 04:04, 7 September 2023 (UTC)

looted art and efforts at restitution
Howard from NYC (talk) 17:54, 5 November 2023 (UTC)

I'm asking not telling... what about a section focused on issues and lawsuits and publicity of "looted art"?

one of many recent examples:

https://lite.cnn.com/2023/11/05/africa/gabon-demands-rare-african-mask-back-after-sale-intl/index.html

another related query... should there be a similiar section in every wiki page of all 200+ nations?

granted in some cases, it is less about nation "A" being looted as having done the looting of nation "B"

title: Talk:Gabon


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Talk:Robert Fulton

Untitled
This page is no more than a stub -- though someone saw fit to remove that designation. "Fulton's Folly" isn't mentioned -- not to mention the whole 2nd half of his life. The section on streets named after him is pure trivia -- useless filler -- and has no citations. -

The article should mention something about "Fulton's Folly"-- the name that his first steam boat was called by detractors.

I saw that characterization of the North River Steamboat, aka Clermont, in elementary school, but it is conspicuously absent in the historical accounts I've been reading. If any solid primary reference, such as a newspaper article, can be located on this it should certainly be included in the article and citations. Otherwise, from the historical accounts I have seen, the North River Steamboat was successful from the start. And it was not his first ... he experimented in France with Livingston. There is a report by Benjamin Latrobe in 1803, published in the American Philosophical Society proceedings in 1809, concluding that steam power would never work, and was often cited at the time that steam transportation was futile, but Latrobe's partner, Nicholas Roosevelt, built engines for Fulton. Tomligon (talk) 17:29, 10 September 2012 (UTC) -

- I was doing a homework assignment for American History. Here's what I actually turned in:

 Term: Clermont.

Description: Clermont is the name that poorly-written history textbooks such as Houghton Mifflin’s The Enduring Vision mistakenly give to Robert Fulton’s first commercially successful steam-powered paddle boat, which he actually called the North River Steamboat.

Significance: The growth of steamboats which began with the North River Steamboat greatly increased the efficiency of shipping along America’s rivers, which encouraged interstate commerce.

Houghton Mifflin has been thouroughly owned. --NoPetrol 01:04, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Bravo! I've read even Britannica gets it wrong. But I think somebody goofed here, too. Fulton the First?  She was called Demologos, from what I've read: a catamaran paddlewheeler.  Trekphiler 20:31, 2 December 2005 (UTC)

It was originally to be called Demologos ('Voice of the People' in Greek, if I recall correctly, but the name was changed after Fulton's death in 1815. As the ship was not then completed, it was christened as Fulton the First. 216.144.111.187 23:34, 8 May 2007 (UTC)

The Demologos (Fulton) and the North River Steamboat (Clermont) are being confused here. The North River Steamboat is the passenger steamer from 1807. The Demologos was a warship Fulton designed and built in 1814, for the War of 1812. The Demologos was a catamaran with a central paddlewheel, classified as a "floating battery". The main article really does need a thorough overhaul, as it is missing lot of important details. I'm not yet qualified to do it due to lack of good citations in-hand. Tomligon (talk) 23:41, 12 September 2012 (UTC)

Fulton Street?
Can anyone confirm whether Manhattan's Fulton Street is named after Robert Fulton? Thanks. --ChrisRuvolo (t) 12:58, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

I believe it was. As was the one in Brooklyn and the one on Long Island (Hempstead). At least that's what we were always taught as schoolkids when I grew up there. The geographic location of all three suggest that their chronilogical establishment coincides with his life.

When he came of ass Fulton went to England in 1786
Somebody check that sentance - it was added by an IP on a vandalizm rampage but does not look like obvious vandalism. Agathoclea 13:22, 11 April 2006 (UTC) To answer the question he went there to study art with the famous Benjamin West. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.38.252.34 (talk) 00:01, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

Fulton's Bankruptcy
Regarding the following statement: "In 1824, in Gibbons v. Ogden, the Supreme Court struck down Fulton's government-granted monopoly ruling that states cannot legally regulate interstate commerce. Steamboat fares almost immediately dropped from seven to three dollars after the decision and traffic increased dramatically. Fulton was unable to successfully compete with the low fares offered by Gibbons and Vanderbilt, which resulted in his bankruptcy." Hadn't Fulton been dead nine years when Gibbons v Ogden came down? Did his ghost go bankrupt? Even the Vanderbilt article says the competition only started in 1818. DCB4W 01:54, 10 July 2006 (UTC)

1876?
There's a sentence which says "In 1876 Fulton went to France (where the Marquis Claude de Jouffroy had made a working paddle steamer in 1783) and commenced experimenting with submarine torpedoes and torpedo boats." However, Fulton died on February 24, 1815, right? Then, what year did he really went to France? --Abastillas (talk) 04:03, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

The Republican Creed of Robert Fulton
I once stumbled upon "the republican creed of Robert Fulton" in a book. I haven't been able to re-locate that book or find the creed on the internet. Can anyone supply a qualified quotation of it? Waligorman (talk) 23:55, 9 April 2008 (UTC) He was like crazy and he always do bad stuff about his steamboat experiments. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.248.102.186 (talk) 00:09, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Vandalism
Watch this page, watch out for Garagebarrage & Noman27 (I assume 27 is the IQ rather than the age).--EchetusXe (talk) 16:21, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

1766?
If Fulton was born in 1765, it's highly unlikely that in 1766 he went to study painting in Paris! 69.107.121.183 (talk) 23:08, 19 November 2009 (UTC)

Fulton and Jefferson
Reviewing the letters of Thomas Jefferson (in Thomas Jefferson Writings, a compilation of his autobiography, letters and various other writings, Library of Congress Catalog Number 83-19917) I find a letter from Jefferson to Fulton dated August 16, 1807. Wording suggests earlier correspondence, and this collection does not include Fulton's letters. However, Fulton has suggested torpedos for the US Navy, apparently envisioned as being deployed by cables from ships. Jefferson responds as preferring that they be attached using "submarine boats", and hopes that this has not been proved impracticable. Jefferson suggests a new corp of Naval Engineers be established for the purpose of developing such weapons. Other sources suggest, although I'm having trouble pinning down definitive sources, that the torpedos suggested circa 1807 are different from an invention by Fulton during the War of 1812, which was essentially underwater cannon fired at close range, which Fulton demonstrated would shatter wooden hulls. Also note that Livingston was Minister/Ambassador to France in Jefferson's first term, with letters to Livingston also in the Jefferson collection, and it is likely Jefferson had been following Fulton's progress for some time.Tomligon (talk) 01:45, 3 September 2012 (UTC)

Fulton and Rumsey
The article contains what must be an error regarding a meeting between Rumsey and Fulton in Paris. It starts by saying Fulton went to France in 1797, and met Rumsey there. But the link to Rumsey says he died in 1792, so Rumsey cannot have been much fun to meet. I don't see a citation on this to track it back. Tomligon (talk) 17:11, 10 September 2012 (UTC)

If the following source is found to be worthy of citation, it offers a more probable scenario than Fulton meeting Rumsey's ghost in Paris. They might have met in the studio of Benjamin West, in London, 1788. Fulton was an artist, studying under West. This information is on page 22 of the James Rumsey Biography linked below. http://www.appaltree.net/aba/Downloads/James_Rumsey_biography.pdf, the footnote of which cites Preble, George Henry, A Chronological History of the Origin and Development of Steam Navigation, Philadelphia, L. R. Hammersly & Co., 1888. Tomligon (talk) 22:15, 19 September 2012 (UTC)

Nationality
The article states that Fulton was British, but it appears that he was born in the U.S., and spent nearly his entire life there. Anybody know of a reason for listing him as British? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.94.31.206 (talk) 13:06, 25 July 2014 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Robert Fulton


text:
Talk:Killing of Peter Fechter

User pages discussion
'There was some discussion between myself and de:Benutzer:MKI on our user pages regarding the source of facts for this article. I am copying it here for the record.' ,,, Trainspotter ,,, 17:41, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)

From de:Benutzer:MKI
Hello, I just read your message on de:Diskussion:Peter_Fechter and was quite surprised that there is an article about this very German topic on the English Wikipedia.

The German discussion is mainly about "neutral point of view". The problem is, that the GDR did not report the complete truth, but altered the facts to better fit the communistic ideology. Most probably, also the western reporting was biased. So, different people repeatedly changed the article to fit the facts accordingly to what they were told, and a discussion started about what is true and what isn't.

Recently I added some facts to the acticle that I read in a book about the Berlin wall. To my perception the German article is quite neutral now, maybe you want to take over the additions to the English article.

There are some facts in your English article that I did not know before. I searched the web for references, to no avail. I need some proof to add something to the German article. So I would be interested in the source of:

"The plan was to hide in a carpenter's workshop near the wall and, after observing the border guards from there, to jump out of a window" (I found something on that, but it is about an "empty abandoned house" and not a "carpenter's workshop")

"Fechter was shot in the pelvis" (my book says that he was hit in the back and the belly)

"according to a report in Time Magazine, a US second-lieutenant on the scene received specific orders from the US Commandant in West Berlin to stand firm and do nothing" (This is indeed an interesting addition to the comment of the GDR commander. Is there an online version of this article?)

"In March 1997 two former East German guards Rolf Friedrich and Erich Schreiber faced manslaughter charges for Fechter's death, at which they admitted to his shooting. They were both convicted, and sentenced to one year's imprisonment on probation." (amazingly, but there seems to be no information on this on the web. I googled for the names, but there only appear 4 english webpages. Could it be that some name is misspelled?)

"It also emerged during the trial that any aid attempt from the West had indeed been made impossible, but according to a report from forensic pathologist Otto Prokop, "Fechter had no chance of survival. The shot in the right hip had caused the severest internal injuries."" (That one is very interesting)

Facts that I doubt:

"shots were fired, ..., in plain view of hundreds of witnesses" (It seems more logical that the shots were seen only by some people that happened to be there. Later, when Fechter began to cry, hundreds of people gathered.)

"western bystanders were apparently prevented at gunpoint from assisting him" (About this, there is a big difference among the eastern and western reports. Some reports say that the eastern soldiers used teargas (not guns) to prevent western people from climbing the wall. Others say that the eastern soldiers were prevented at gunpoint by the western police... In my opinion, there should be reliable evidence, to have this claim in the article)

You can answer in English on my German discussion page de:Benutzer_Diskussion:MKI

Greetings, ~michael

From User:Trainspotter
Hello, and thank you very much for your message to me at en:User talk:Trainspotter. Thank you for inviting to me to reply in English. To be honest, I constructed the page en:Peter Fechter (which previously did not exist) using facts accumulated from whatever other web pages I could find -- I am not a historian, and do not have access to primary source materials. I am sure that this means that there are some problems with the article, but I thought that this would be a good start at least. But stupidly, I did not keep a record of the relevant URLs. If I get the time, I will try to trace again the pages where these facts were quoted. If you have opinions regarding the believability of these sources, then I would be very interested to hear, because so far I have tended simply to believe what I read. If I do not get the time to do this, then please feel free to remove things which you think are too suspicious. Best wishes. Trainspotter englisch 18:44, 11. Okt 2004 (CEST)

Hello again,

Okay, I have now had a look on the web, to look again for the sources, and here are the sources for the things which I wrote when I drafted the original version of the article here.

As I said, I do not have access to primary sources, so I just started with what I could find online, and I make no claims about how good these sources are. If you think that some sources are unreliable, then please change the article however you think will improve it. What I wrote is only a starting point!

The list is in the format:

 * Your comments to me.

Location of source

 * Quote from the web page

 * The plan was to hide in a carpenter's workshop near the wall and, after
 * observing the border guards from there, to jump out of a window" (I found
 * something on that, but it is about an "empty abandoned house" and not a
 * "carpenter's workshop")

There is a page, now disappeared but still on the Google cache, at the URL, describing a documentary in 2002 on WDR Fernsehen:

http://www.lernzeit.de/themen/sendungen/dok/dok100802_inhalt.phtml

 * In Mauernähe verstecken sich beide in einer Schreinerei und beobachten die Kontrollgänge der Grenzpolizisten.

 * (With Babelfish I translated Schreinerei as carpenter's workshop.)

 * "Fechter was shot in the pelvis" (my book says that he was hit in the back and
 * the belly)

http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/germany/stories/order101/

I don't think it's the same article that I saw before, but it has:

 * The 18-year-old Fechter was shot in the pelvis

 * "according to a report in Time Magazine, a US second-lieutenant on the scene
 * received specific orders from the US Commandant in West Berlin to stand firm
 * and do nothing" (This is indeed an interesting addition to the comment of the
 * GDR commander. Is there an online version of this article?)

I didn't find an online version of the whole article, but here is a page with excerpts:

http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/09/1st.draft/

 * One conscience-stricken U.S. second lieutenant could stand it no longer, picked up the "hot line" telephone to Major General Albert Watson II, the U.S. commandant in West Berlin. Back came the order: "Lieutenant, you have your orders. Stand fast. Do nothing."

 * "In March 1997 two former East German guards Rolf Friedrich and Erich

Schreiber faced manslaughter charges for Fechter's death, at which they admitted to his shooting. They were both convicted, and sentenced to one year's imprisonment on probation." (amazingly, but there seems to be no information on this on the web. I googled for the names, but there only appear 4 english webpages. Could it be that some name is misspelled?)

http://www.berlinonline.de/berliner-kurier/archiv/.bin/dump.fcgi/1997/0304/none/0010/

And from the above review from lernzeit.de (the one now in the Google cache):

 * Im März 1997 wurden schließlich Erich Schreiben und Rolf Friedrich zu einjährigen Freiheitsstrafen auf Bewährung verurteilt.

(In fact this review also has the spelling "Schreiben". but this seems unlikely to me. Even the Berlin Online article has Schreiber.)

"It also emerged during the trial that any aid attempt from the West had indeed been made impossible, but according to a report from forensic pathologist Otto Prokop, "Fechter had no chance of survival. The shot in the right hip had caused the severest internal injuries."" (That one is very interesting)

See the Berlin Online article above.

 * In einem Stasi-Bericht hieß es später, ein Bergungsversuch sei vom Westen "unmöglich gemacht worden"

 * "Fechter hatte keine überlebenschance. Der Treffer in die rechte Hüfte hatte schwerste innere Verletzungen Facts that I doubt:

"shots were fired, ..., in plain view of hundreds of witnesses" (It seemslogical that the shots were seen only by some people that happened to be there. Later, when Fechter began to cry, hundreds of people thered.)

I think I got that from the German wikipedia article.

 * "wurde Fechter vor den Augen von hunderten Zeugen noch auf der Mauer angeschossen"

"western bystanders were apparently prevented at gunpoint from assisting him" (About this, there is a big difference among the eastern and western reports. Some reports say that the eastern soldiers used teargas (not guns) to prevent western people from climbing the wall. Others say that the eastern soldiers were prevented at gunpoint by the western police... In my opinion, there should be reliable evidence, to have this claim in the article)

http://www.dailysoft.com/berlinwall/photographs/berlinwall-1963jo/berlinwall-1963-005.htm

 * Bystanders in the West tried to rescue him, but were prevented from it at gunpoint.

209.157.64.200/focus/f-vetscor/1223085/posts

 * In August 1962, Fechter bled to death at the base of the wall in the "death zone". Guards had shot him in the back as he tried to escape. Bystanders in the West tried to rescue him, but were prevented from it at gunpoint.

 * Hello Trainspotter, thanks for your reply!
 * I don't have much time at the moment, so only a few things:
 * I am not a historian, neither. I used my book about the Berlin wall and the internet for research. When I compared different sources I noticed that there are quite a few contraticting details. Together with the discussion on the German page this showed me that, apparently, not all the sources can be trust.
 * Thanks for the links. The info about the US orders is a good one, it makes a good addition to the statement of the GDR commander.
 * On www.berlinonline.de/berliner-kurier you can find more articles about Peter Fechter, if you search for "Fechter Mauer".
 * The "hundrets of spectators" claim was on the German wikipedia, you are right. I changed it there, because it seems not very logical to me. Why should there be so many bypassers already at that point? They gathered later.
 * I found one more page that has the names of the GDR border guards: . It is the homepage of Thomas Geue, the husband of Gisela Geue, a sister of Peter Fechter.
 * I will add some of the new info to the German page when I have more time.
 * EDIT: You might be interested in this German-English online dictionary. It is the best one I know.--de:Benutzer:MKI

[There is a spanish very famous song dedicated to Peter Fechter: "Libre" by Nino Bravo. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfpqKPsAjAM&feature=related] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.158.87.223 (talk) 11:53, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

Journalists at scene of crime?
"Fechter was shot ... in plain view of hundreds of witnesses. He fell back ... where he lay, still in view of Western onlookers including journalists ..."

How did all those witnesses happen to be near the wall at that time ? I guess the onlookers and journalists came there on hearsay. This needs to be mentioned. Jay 17:00, 6 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Quite clear now. Jay (talk) 05:01, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

Is there more information about Rudi Arnstadt, the East German guard supposedly shot by western forces (given in the summary as one reason why the East German guards did not assist Fechter)? Was he shot, or shot at, and if so why?Ashley Pomeroy 10:56, 9 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Time of death
Fetcher was killed the same morning I was born. Very happy to see such a good article on him. All I had read before was the article in The Times (UK) the day after, but I do seem to remember that he died in the morning, 7 to 8 am. Anyone know when he died? Squiquifox 15:52, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * According to William F. Buckley's book The Fall of the Berlin Wall, page 89, Fechter tried to scale the wall at about 2 pm, and his body was taken away by GDR police at 3:05 pm. | Keithlaw 22:58, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Not from Haigerloch
I don't think he's from Haigerloch. Not sure how to correct this in the html way, but Peter Fechter wasn't from Haigerloch. He was from East Berlin (obviously) so it's misleading to suggest that he was a West German... Sorry I don't know how to write this up in the proper Wikipedia style. Will try and learn... MR (about) 08:53, July 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Just write it up. I or another can always correct it, SqueakBox 17:39, July 18, 2005 (UTC)

Controversy?
"He fell back into the death-strip on the Eastern side, where he lay, still in view of Western onlookers including journalists... Hundreds in West Berlin formed a spontaneous demonstration, shouting "murderers" at the border guards."

He fell on the Eastern Side, in plain view of the Western onlookers? Does that make sense or am I just missing something? Ravenstorm 13:06, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * In the early days it wasn't a full concrete wall. It was more of a barbed-wire fence with a no-man's land. --Dhartung | Talk 13:17, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Examining the photo on our page and comparing with this construction photo I believe that the wall at that point was at least shoulder-height but not much more. It would have been possible to view inside the death zone from overlooking buildings as well, especially if the wall jogged at all right there. --Dhartung | Talk 13:29, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Not communist?
It's now POV to say that East Germany was communist? That's incredible. --Dhartung | Talk 21:34, 3 March 2007 (UTC)

 * East Germany was communist. That's a matter of fact. But that doesn't make an individual person a communist. Kingjeff (talk) 18:50, 24 November 2007 (UTC)

This article is a conscient, face-washing efford of the comunism on the murder of Peter Fechter. In particular, on the non-aiding issue. After reading it, you get the impression that Peter Fechter was not helped by western soldiers gunpointing anyone that could help. As far as I understand, comunists had guns in the scene. As far as I undestand, the wounded was at comunist side, so it is up to the comunist to help him. And as far as I understand, if any of the people of the west tried to jump to the east to help, the chances where to be shooted by the comunists. I can not renember too much people being shooted by west troops when jumping the wall. But, anyway, any rewritting of the history to improve comunist image is acepted. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.155.244.175 (talk) 19:17, 28 September 2014 (UTC)

Inline citations required
As can be seen in the article, we need to improve it adding citations and references. Those mentioned by the atarter of the artivle in the first section if the discussion seem good enough. I don't undersatand why they are not on in the article.

As can be seen in the article, we need to improve it adding citations and references. Those mentioned by the starter of the article in the first section if the discussion seem good enough. I don't understand why they are not on the article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Universal001 (talk • contribs) 12:24, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

Conditions of death
Russian article states - he was picked by ambulance after an hour and died in the ambulence; which contradicts to english article saying Fechter bled and died on the ground and dead body was picked. Is there a reliable source about that? 217.50.168.214 (talk) 17:34, 30 June 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Devin Hernandez
Who is "Devin Hernandez?" Hunter Hutchins (talk) 09:47, 9 November 2019 (UTC)
 * "Devin Hernandez" is the work of some anonymous vandal. And from 2014 too. I'm amazed no-one else noticed it until now, TBH... BSanders46 (talk) 13:48, 9 November 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Killing of Peter Fechter


text:
Talk:Hurricane Camille

-

Wind Strength
There is mention of Camille attaining sustained winds of 190mph, 200mph, 205mph and 210mph all within this article. Can someone please determine which one of these is correct and clean up this contradiction? --Domentolen 10:21, 2 September 2007 (UTC)

No one really knows, but we can put for susytained winds between 190-210 mph. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.189.84.203 (talk) 04:22, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

All i can say is that information can come unexpected. After all it took them years before they finally classified Hurricane Andrew as cat. 5. They may raise Camille wind strength or decrease it in the future. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.189.84.203 (talk) 04:27, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

Wind strengh is hard to pinpoint, as the storm was so strong, it destroyed the anemometers before reaching peak wind speed on land. That being said, it is definitely the strongest cyclone in terms of wind speed to ever strike land.24.250.74.34 (talk) 12:16, 20 October 2010 (UTC)

Complaints about this article
I'm disappointed. This page on Camille has gone through so many uninformed and misinformed edits that truth is now irrevocably intertwined with fiction. For example, all references to the 3 Army Corps of Engineers post-Camille studies have vanished from the Wikipedia article. No longer, for instance, is there even a mention of the astounding fact that the Mississippi River flowed backwards for 125 miles, to a point upstream of New Orleans, nor the fact that at least a dozen ocean-going freighters were beached, nor any mention of the impact on the offshore oil platforms. Also vanished is any reference to the series of 1969-1970 U.S. Senate hearings on the federal response to Camille, which could certainly be useful to anyone trying to understand the Katrina debacle.

Instead, you guys fuss around about the hurricane party. You keep changing the official windspeeds and you still keep getting them wrong, and you don't even clarify the difference between sustained winds and gusts. As for your citations, you consider those to be authoritative sources?

I've read the 2000 pages of Senate testimony, the ACOE studies, and I've interviewed dozens of surviving victims.

I was initially inclined to edit the article but, no, I won't waste my time. Some idiot will simply jump in and cancel out what I've written and replace it with uninformed nonsense.

216.227.27.238 (talk) 03:40, 13 December 2007 (UTC)Zeb
 * He's right, of course. This article spends too much time on the alleged party and not enough time on more important matters, such as beached freighters or the hearings that occurred after Camille.  We need references for the party section, if it's going to survive, in addition to its being scaled back and being worded less wishy-washy.  If not, I could see someone dropping the article back down to B class.  It certainly won't make FA, as it stands right now, without a lot of work.  Thegreatdr (talk) 22:05, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

 * For note, the information claiming the Hurricane Party did not happen directly contradicts the testimony of Hubert and Josephine Duckworth, father and mother of one of the victims, as recorded in the work Category 5: The Story of Camille; Lessons Unlearned from America's Most Violent Hurricane, copyright 2005 (with an afterword that discusses the extensive similarities with Katrina). On another note, it was eight who survived, instead of perished; the number dead was by far the higher. --Chr.K. (talk) 14:03, 22 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Correction: Ben Duckworth, their son, was one of the survivors, and thus eyewitness to the events. --Chr.K. (talk) 08:53, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

Especially since its pretty much confirmed that the party never happened, and that Gerlach was eventually convicted for murdering her husband. She was the one claiming to be the sole survivor and that there was a party. The rest of the survivors apparently were those who were either helping to prepare the town for the hurricane or were unable to evacuate. As far as the work Category 5: The Story of Camille, its false. The Duckworth's son survived the hurricane, and there were 8 deaths. Duckworth himself states that there wasn't a party, and that he was aksed to stay and look after someone who could not be evacuated due to a recent surgery. All references to the party should actually be removed from the article. Mrschwen (talk) 23:27, 30 October 2012 (UTC)

GA Sweeps Review: On Hold
As part of the WikiProject Good Articles, we're doing sweeps to go over all of the current GAs and see if they still meet the GA criteria. I'm specifically going over all of the "Meteorology and atmospheric sciences" articles. I believe the article currently meets the majority of the criteria and should remain listed as a Good article. However, in reviewing the article, I have found there are some issues that need to be addressed. I have made minor corrections and have included several points below that need to be addressed for the article to remain a GA. Please address them within seven days and the article will maintain its GA status. If progress is being made and issues are addressed, the article will remain listed as a Good article. Otherwise, it may be delisted. If improved after it has been delisted, it may be nominated at WP:GAN.

Sourcing:
 * 1) There are several sections and statements that are lacking sources. Since the GA criteria have changed significantly concerning sourcing since the article was passed in 2006, several changes need to be made. The "Storm History" and "Comparisons to Hurricane Katrina" need further references along with the statements listed below.
 * 2) "In all, 8,931 people were injured, 5,662 homes were destroyed, and 13,915 homes experienced major damage, with many of the fatalities being coastal residents who had refused to evacuate."
 * 3) "Alabama also experienced damage along U.S. Highway 90: 26,000 homes and over 1,000 businesses were wiped out completely across the state of Alabama."
 * 4) "Totals say that 3,800 homes and businesses were completely destroyed."
 * 5) "Camille caused moderate rainfall in Tennessee and Kentucky of between 3 and 5 inches (130 mm),[13] helping to relieve a drought in the area.[citation needed]"
 * 6) "In Nelson County alone, 133 bridges were washed out, while some entire communities were under water.[citation needed]"
 * 7) "A popular rumor has Brugger telling a radio station during an interview that he wouldn't leave because since Camille's surge had not affected the inn, Katrina's would not either."  Got rid of it.  Even if it were sourced, I can't see rumors making an encyclopedia.  Thegreatdr (talk) 04:15, 22 March 2008 (UTC)
 * 8) "Prior to the collapse of the Richelieu Apartments, Ben Duckworth shined a flashlight down a stairwell and found the water within one step of the third-story floor; this establishes a surge height of 28 feet (8.5 m) at that spot at that time. About 15 minutes later, the building collapsed and the evidence vanished with it."

Other issues:
 * 1) "One of its rigs due to both extreme wave action and a mudslide at the Gulf of Mexico's bottom." This sentence needs to be reworded.
 * 2) The "Retirement" section should be merged into the "Aftermath" or "Naming" section since there isn't enough information to warrant a subsection.

Side notes (Not necessary to complete these for the review):
 * 1) I tagged Image:Camille1969filledrainblk.gif to be copied over to Wikimedia Commons. If anyone is interested in doing so, it shouldn't take too long to do. Done - ✰ ALLSTAR ✰ echo 23:36, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
 * 2) It may be beneficial for the article to address the issues raised in the prior section on this talk page ("Complaints about this article"). The article is broad enough to cover the topic but the other information would be beneficial for improving the article and helping it to advancing to higher classes.

This article covers the topic well and if the above issues are addressed, I believe the article can remain a GA. I will leave the article on hold for seven days, but if progress is being made and an extension is needed, one may be given. I will leave messages on the talk pages of the main contributors to the article along with related WikiProjects so that the workload can be shared. If you have any questions, let me know on my talk page and I'll get back to you as soon as I can. Happy editing! --Nehrams2020 (talk) 22:56, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

GA Sweeps Review: Failed
Sorry for the delay, I guess I've been enjoying spring break too much! Since the issues I raised were not addressed, I have regrettably delisted the article according to the requirements of the GA criteria. If the issues are fixed, consider renominating the article at WP:GAN. If you disagree with this review, you can seek an alternate opinion at Good article reassessment. If you have any questions let me know on my talk page and I'll get back to you as soon as I can. I have updated the article history to reflect this review. Happy editing! --Nehrams2020 (talk) 03:21, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

New source material volume on the most violent landfalling hurricane ever
Category 5: The Story of Camille, Lessons Unlearned from America's Most Violent Hurricane makes it very plain how this system was, bar none, the most powerful meteorological phenomenon ever to impact the United States; the references in this article to people calling Katrina "much worse" are in fact from residents in the Biloxi region, which was more than 40 miles away from "ground zero" where the Camille eyewall came ashore. The descriptions in that work of the conditions that existed between 10:00 p.m. and 2:00 a.m., August 17-18, 1969 in the Pass Christian and Bay of St. Louis are simply stupify the mind, and as such, I am going to rewrite sections of this article with mind to source it directly to the deeply researched Category 5 work. --Chr.K. (talk) 17:40, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

Separate issue: The second table has the rankings done incorrectly. The two storms before the last one should be tied for 9th rank, and the last one should be rank 11. But I cannot find this table in the code for the page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.177.86.119 (talk) 01:16, 12 September 2017 (UTC)

Virginia portion
I am working on a project to create an new article which will tentatively be entitled "Hurricane Camille in Virginia", which I hope will be a collaborative effort. For now, I think a subpage "sandbox" is the best starting place. Please see User:Vaoverland/project/Hurricane Camille in Virginia and add any comments, etc. Thanks, Vaoverland (talk) 12:34, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

Residual issues preventing GA
I see referencing style (and some cases, missing references) as the biggest hindrance to re-submitting this article for GA at some point in the future. You all see anything else which needs to be improved? Thegreatdr (talk) 19:00, 6 November 2009 (UTC)

Camille's later life?
I notice info that Camille was absorbed (the right word?) by the cold front to the south of Atlantic Canada. Here (p. 7/299) it says "encountered a cold front and was modified rapidly into an extratropical system". The does anyone know what happened to that one extratopical system. It should have hit the European continent at some stage.

The reason I ask is that I heard/read someplace (can't find any ref. right now) that Camille transformed into a mid-latitude cyclone, and that it had something to do with the hurricane that hit western Sweden on 22 of September 1969. That hurricane (ref. ) felled 29 million m³ of standing trees, killing 10. In short the most devastating weather system to hit Sweden during 1969, and the second worst ever (on record) considering the amount of fallen trees.

Many thanks for any info!.--Paracel63 (talk) 12:50, 4 March 2010 (UTC)
 * I can't find anything to prove one way or another whether or not the extratropical system that absobed Camille was also the storm which hit Sweden. I would say that it is highly unlikely though, based on the fact that Camille was absorbed off the coast of Newfoundland on August 22 and the storm in Sweden took place on September 22. It more than likely would not have taken a month for the extratropical cyclone to move from that location to Sweden and if it did, it undoubtedly would have interacted with multiple other extratropical cyclones making it virtually impossible to tell if Camille's remnants had in any way contributed to the storm in Sweden. Lou1986 (talk) 16:23, 4 March 2010 (UTC)
 * It normally takes 3-7 days for systems to cross the North Atlantic, so a month would be way too long. Next time I go to the NOAA library I'll look up where Camille's extratropical cyclone tracked.  Thegreatdr (talk) 16:51, 4 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the input! Yes, considering the month in between it would seem implausible. Probably the one that connected those two hurricanes was no meteorogically educated person and just acted upon info of those two huge hurricanes only weeks apart. Then, maybe some other tropical cyclone might have been involved here - Debbie? (the others seem to be off track and/or time even more)--Paracel63 (talk) 00:08, 5 March 2010 (UTC)

Luckily, the central library has their new microfilm scanner, so when I visited yesterday I was able to look up what happenned to Camille. Although the NHC track ends at 12z on August 22, the extratropical portion of Camille's track extends to 06z on the 23rd, when it moved about 300 miles south of Cape Farewell, Greenland before becoming absorbed into a larger cyclone to its north. Debbie persisted as an extratropical cyclone and moved ashore Sweden early on August 27 before becoming absorbed by a stronger cyclone moving northeast near southeastern Finland, so it's not Debbie either. As for the system which impacted Sweden on September 22, the system started as a weak frontal wave offshore New England on September 18 and had no connection to a tropical cyclone. The track extensions for Camille and Debbie will show up in the "CLIQR" database sometime in the next week, along with values for their radius of outermost closed isobar. Thegreatdr (talk) 21:39, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

Conflict in 'Meteorological History' section
The first sentence of this section claims that Camille began as a tropical wave off the African Coast, yet the adjacent tracking map suggests the storm had its genesis in the doldrums. Berberry (talk) 08:42, 29 August 2011 (UTC)
 * The cyclone was spawned by a tropical wave which moved offshore Africa. Reference 4 supports this.  The tropical cyclone did not form until it reached the western Caribbean.  Both statements can be correct.  Thegreatdr (talk) 02:06, 18 February 2015 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 12 August 2019
Citation 39 points to a broken link because the DOI is incorrect for the BAMS Camille paper. Please change the DOI from https://doi.org/10.1175%2FBAMS-D-14-00137.2 to https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00137.1. The Camille paper is an excellent resource and should be available to readers especially given the upcoming 50th anniversary of the hurricane's landfall. Thanks! Taifuu no kaze (talk) 13:23, 12 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done Gulumeemee (talk) 04:13, 13 August 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 28 October 2019

 * 1) In the Virginia section, Nelson County is mentioned five times and linked once, but the link happens on the third appearance ("worst was in Nelson County"). Could you move the link from that place to the first appearance (just after the Huffmans)?
 * 2) In the Virginia section is a link to Columbia, Virginia. It's the only link to a town that mentions the state.  Could you pipe the link so it's just Columbia?  The name of the section makes it clear what state Columbia is in. 208.95.51.53 (talk) 20:23, 28 October 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done: please see Special:Diff/923496582. Thanks, NiciVampireHeart 22:42, 28 October 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 15 September 2020
Please remove the final couple of sentences from the "Records" section: Thank you. 64.203.187.75 (talk) 18:42, 15 September 2020 (UTC)
 * They're entirely unsourced
 * They aren't records
 * They fail to explain how the situation's different from 2020, aside from the use of male names
 * They simply don't make much sense without sources or explanation
 * Agreed, ✅ – Thjarkur (talk) 20:01, 15 September 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 1 November 2021
In the "Hurricane Party" section, please fix the quotation marks from the following paragraph per MOS:QUOTEMARKS:

"Another survivor, Ben Duckworth, has expressed irritation at the story. ′′There was no hurricane party,′′ Duckworth reiterated in 2001. ′′We were exhausted from boarding up windows and helping the police move cars. We were too tired to party. I can't tell you why that story persists, or why people didn't put two and two together. I guess the hurricane party makes a good story.′′" 173.166.187.68 (talk) 08:21, 1 November 2021 (UTC)

 * ✅ PlanetJuice (talk • contribs) 02:48, 5 November 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 29 December 2023
Include John Grisham's The Boys From Biloxi under Publications as it was a pertinent plot element therein. 102.248.1.150 (talk) 07:55, 29 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Mattdaviesfsic (talk) 12:32, 29 December 2023 (UTC)

"Records" Section
Overall this article is solid. But the "Records" section has a couple of issues. I think the text about it having 190 mph winds should just be removed, since-- as the text itself acknowledges-- the storm was reanalyzed and found to have lower winds. The 190 mph is just no longer accepted. Also, I question the prominence of the Hurricane Severity Index. It's put at the very top of the Records section. This scale was developed by a private company and is not widely used-- I'm a hurricane expert and I'd never even heard of it-- and giving it such prominence is misleading to folks who are new to this subject matter. The Saffir-Simpson scale, central pressure, and estimated maximum winds are all more important than this novelty scale that is not widely used. 162.235.28.197 (talk) 17:51, 18 May 2024 (UTC)

Meteorological History - Landfall Location
In the modern reanalysis of this event, the landfall location in Mississippi was deemed to be Waveland, not Bay Saint Louis. Here's the official, peer-reviewed reanalysis with the corrected landfall location: https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/kieper-landsea-beven-bams-2016.pdf 162.235.28.197 (talk) 17:55, 18 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hurricane Camille


text:
List of defunct graphics chips and card companies

During the 1980s and 1990s, a relatively large number of companies appeared selling primarily 2D graphics cards and later 3D. Most of those companies have subsequently disappeared, as the increasing complexity of GPUs substantially increased research and development costs. Many of these companies subsequently went bankrupt or were bought out. Intel and VIA Technologies remain as producers of primarily integrated solutions, while Matrox targets niche markets. Amongst the notable discrete graphics card vendors, ATI Technologies — acquired by AMD in 2006 and since renamed to AMD — and NVIDIA are the only ones that have lasted. During 2022 Intel entered the discrete GPU market with the Arc series and has three more generations confirmed on two year release schedules.

Defunct graphics chip makers
These companies designed graphics chips and cards.

 * 3dfx – assets were acquired by Nvidia during its Chapter 11 bankruptcy
 * 3Dlabs – merged with Creative Labs' personal entertainment division to form ZiiLABS
 * Advanced Logic Research – acquired by Gateway Computers
 * Ark Logic
 * ArtX – acquired by ATI Technologies
 * ATI Technologies – merged into and renamed AMD
 * Avance Logic – acquired by Realtek
 * BitBoys – acquired by ATI Technologies
 * Chips and Technologies – acquired by Intel
 * Chromatic Research – acquired by ATI Technologies
 * Evans & Sutherland – acquired by Rockwell Collins
 * Gemini Technology – went bankrupt, acquired by Seiko Epson to form the Vancouver Design Center
 * Genoa Systems – bankrupt
 * GigaPixel – acquired by 3dfx Interactive
 * Headland Technology – division of LSI Logic's Standard Products Group in late 1990s, assets sold to SPEA
 * iXMicro – produced video cards for Macintosh and Macintosh clones
 * MOS Technology – produced the VIC and TED line of graphics chips, owned by Commodore International
 * Number Nine Visual Technology – pioneer in the graphics industry, developed 1st 128-bit graphics processor; acquired by S3
 * Oak Technology – acquired by Zoran Corporation
 * OPTi – no longer makes graphics chips
 * Paradise Systems – acquired by Western Digital, later sold off to Philips
 * Primus Technology
 * Radius – made graphics solutions for Apple, out of business mid-1990s
 * Raycer – acquired by Apple Computer
 * Real3D – acquired by Intel
 * Rendition – acquired by Micron Technology
 * S3 – merged with Diamond Multimedia, then sold off its core graphics division to VIA Technologies, later sold off to HTC
 * Silicon Graphics Incorporated (SGI) – quit developing 3D graphics in-house in the early 2000s and bought GPUs from other companies; later went completely out of business in 2009; its assets were bought in the resulting Chapter 11 bankruptcy by Rackable Systems, which changed its name to Silicon Graphics International
 * Tamarack Microelectronics – merged with IC Plus in 2002
 * Trident Microsystems – sold its video chip assets to XGI in 2003, bankrupt 2012
 * Tseng Labs – sold its video chip assets to ATI Technologies in 1997
 * Video Seven – merged with G2 to form Headland Technology
 * Weitek Corporation – maker of Power9000 brand of GPUs circa 1991-1994, bankrupt 1995
 * Western Digital Imaging – combined efforts of Paradise Systems and Faraday Computing, bought by Western Digital and allowed to go out of business

Defunct graphics card makers

 * Actix Systems – dissolved
 * Appian Graphics – acquired by ATI Technologies
 * Artist Graphics – acquired by ATI Technologies
 * BFG Technologies – liquidated in August 2010
 * Boca Research – acquired by Ener1
 * Cardinal Technologies – bankrupt
 * Hercules Computer Technology, Inc. – Hercules brand acquired by Guillemot Corporation
 * Innovation Computer – dissolved
 * Media Vision – bankrupt
 * Nth Graphics – bankrupt
 * Orchid Technology – acquired by Micronics Computers, then by Diamond Multimedia
 * Paradise Systems – acquired by Western Digital, then by Philips, then de-emphasized
 * SPEA AG – German vendor in late 1990s, acquired by Diamond Multimedia in 1995, then by ATI in 2001
 * STB Systems – acquired by 3dfx in 1999
 * Vermont Microsystems, Inc. – bankrupt
 * Vectrix Corporation – bankrupt

Other
The following companies are still in operation, but no longer design PC graphics chips:

 * ALi Corporation – focusing on design and manufacturing of integrated circuits for the personal computer and embedded systems
 * Cirrus Logic – sold its video chip assets
 * Integrated Information Technology – reverted to a video-conferencing solutions company, and then later a VoiP service provider
 * PowerVR – focusing on mobile graphics technologies
 * Realtek – no longer makes graphics chips
 * Silicon Integrated Systems (SIS) – sold its video chip assets to XGI
 * Texas Instruments – withdrew from the computer market
 * UMC – became a custom-only fab and discontinued all of its standard products in the late 1990s
 * XGI – focusing on embedded and mobile applications