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Susan Nattrass

Susan "Sue" Marie Nattrass, (born November 5, 1950) is a Canadian trap shooter and medical researcher in osteoporosis. She was born in Medicine Hat, Alberta. Competing at an elite international level from the 1970s through the 2010s, Nattrass has had multiple appearances, in one or both of trap or double trap, at Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, World Championships, and Pan American Games. Nattrass is a repeat World Champion and repeat medalist at the Commonwealth Games, World Championships, and Pan American Games. She was the flag bearer for Canada at the 2007 Pan American Games (and a gold medal winner) and the 2014 Commonwealth Games.

As of the 2012 Olympics, Nattrass is one of only 122 athletes (and one of only 46 still active), all sports, to compete in at least six Olympic Games, appearing in 1976, '88, '92, 2000, '04 and '08. She won a gold medal at the World Championships in 1974, '75, '77, '78, '79, '81, and 2006.

Beginnings
She was introduced to trap shooting by her father Floyd Nattrass, who competed for Canada at the World Championships in 1958 and 1968 and at the Olympics in 1964. Nattrass said of her father: "'While other kids would go to the lake for the summer, we always went to trap shoots. My dad started when I was 5; we'd go to shoots, and I did everything I could do be a part of it. Then when I turned 12, he taught me how to shoot.'"

Olympics and Commonwealth Games
In the 1976 Summer Olympics she became the first ever woman to participate in a shooting event at the Olympics, as shooting was open to both sexes until 1992. She won a silver medal at the 2001 world championships in Cairo, Egypt in the trap event. She finished 9th in the 2000 Summer Olympics and 6th in the 2004 Summer Olympics in women's trap shooting.

At the 2006 Commonwealth Games Nattrass won three medals: two silver in women's double trap pairs and women's trap pairs and a bronze in women's trap.

She won the Trap Shooting event at the World Championships in 1981 and 2006, twenty-five years apart.

After the 1996 Summer Olympics, the International Shooting Union decided to discontinue the trap and skeet shooting events for women and instead allow women to compete in the double trap, where two clay saucers are thrown simultaneously. This is a difficult transition that Nattrass - who won two World Cups in the double trap in 1993 - equated to a downhill skier having to switch to cross-country. She led a campaign - writing letters, doing surveys, playing politics - against the decision to remove the two events. After five years, the campaign succeeded and women's skeet and trap shooting remained in the Olympics.

In 1981, she was awarded the Lou Marsh Trophy as Canadian Athlete of the Year and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. She is also listed as a recipient of the Vanier Award for Outstanding Young Canadians.

She has travelled around the world at various competitions for over three decades, nearly always accompanied by her mother and coach Marie.

Nattrass serves on the board of directors, Sections Chairs of the Shooting Federation of Canada.

Education and research
Nattrass earned a bachelor's degree in Physical Education from the University of Alberta in 1972 and a Masters in 1974, and has since been an instructor, administrator, lecturer and consultant in physical education and sports psychology. In between her first and second Olympic appearances in 1976 and 1988, she earned her doctorate from the University of Alberta in 1987.

Since 1996, Nattrass has lived on Vashon Island near Seattle. She moved there when she joined the Pacific Medical Center as a medical researcher in September 1996. She owns and runs the Puget Sound Osteoporosis Center, where she studies the effects of aging in bones on active sportswomen in their forties and older, takes part in clinical trials, and provides pro-bono screenings in the community.

Awards and achievements

 * Shooting Federation of Canada, Female Athlete of the Year - 1993, 2000, 2001, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
 * Washington State Trapshooting Hall of Fame - 2017
 * Seven-time Women's World Trapshooting Champion 1974 – 1981, 2006
 * World record holder Women's Trapshooting 1974 – 1989; Double Trap 1993
 * Six-time Olympian – 1976, 1988, 1992, 2000, 2004, 2008 Canadian Olympic teams
 * Two-time gold medalist Women's Double Trap World Cups 1993
 * Four-time silver medalist at World Championships 1971, 1982
 * U.I.T. silver medalist at 1995 Pan American Games
 * Winner of a Canadian Championship for 43 years
 * Silver medalist World Cups: 2000; Bronze medalist World Cups: 2000, 2001
 * Two-time silver and three-time bronze medalist at Commonwealth Games - 2002, 2006, and 2010
 * Gold medalist at Pan American Games 2007
 * Bronze medalist at World Championships 2005
 * University of Alberta Alumni Award 2004
 * Bronze medalist Pan American Games 2003
 * Silver medalist at World Championships 2001
 * Inducted into the Amateur Trapshooting Association's Hall of Fame 1998
 * Canada's Female Athlete of the Year 1977 & 1981
 * Silver medalist at World Championships 1991
 * Great Canadian Award 1990
 * Inducted into Edmonton's Sports Hall of Fame 2000
 * U.I.T. gold medalist at 1988 Olympics
 * Mayor's Silver Ribbon Award 1987
 * One of Edmonton YWCA's Women of the Year 1987
 * Bronze medalist at World Championships 1986
 * Inducted into University of Alberta's Wall of Fame 1985
 * Bronze medalist at World Championships 1985
 * One of the Five Outstanding Young Canadians 1983
 * Bronze medalist at World Championships 1983
 * Premier's Award (Alberta Athlete of the Year) 1982
 * Silver medalist at World Championships 1982
 * Edmonton's Amateur Athlete of the Year 1981
 * Inducted into Alberta Sports Hall of Fame 1980
 * Ontario Athlete of the Year 1977
 * Inducted into Canadian Sports Hall of Fame 1977
 * Inducted into Canadian Olympic Association Hall of Fame 1975
 * Canadian Athlete Reference - The Canadian Encyclopedia

title: Susan Nattrass


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Moorcock

Moorcock may refer to:

People

 * Ace Moorcock (born 1961), nom-de-plume for U.S. cartoonist Brad Parker
 * Hilary Moorcock (1936–2017; as Hilary Bailey), British editor and wife of Michael Moorcock
 * Michael Moorcock (born 1939), the British science fiction and fantasy fiction author

Fictional characters

 * Sly Moorcock, a fictional character from the Ben Elton novel Stark

Other uses

 * the red grouse
 * The Moorcock, a famous English court case about the eponymous ship "The Moorcock"
 * Moor Cock Inn, a listed building; see Listed buildings in Luddendenfoot
 * Moorcock Inn

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Moorcock


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John Mackenzie (VC)

Major John Mackenzie, VC, DCM (22 November 1871 – 17 May 1915) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Details
Mackenzie was 29 years old, and a sergeant in the 2nd Battalion, The Seaforth Highlanders (Ross-shire Buffs, Duke of Albany's), British Army, employed West African Field Force during the Third Ashanti Expedition when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

On 6 June 1900 at Dompoassi, Ashanti (now Ghana), Sergeant Mackenzie, after working two Maxim guns under heavy fire and being wounded while doing so, volunteered to clear the stockade of the enemy. This he did, most gallantly, leading the charge himself and driving the enemy headlong into the bush.

Further information
John Mackenzie was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Black Watch on 29 November 1900 and became a captain in the Royal Scots on 22 January 1904. During this time he also served on attachment with the Northern Nigeria Regiment. He was mentioned in dispatches for his work during the Aro Expedition (November 1901 to March 1902); also in 1906 when he was staff officer of the Munster Field Force and once more during the Kano-Sokoto Expedition.

He was promoted to major during World War I and was commanding officer of the 2nd Battalion of the Bedfordshire Regiment, where at Festubert on 17 May 1915, when leading his men, he was killed just after he had left the jumping off trench.

Major Mackenzie is buried in the Guards Cemetery, Windy Corner, Cuinchy, in Northern France.

His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Regimental Museum of Queens Own Highlanders, Fort George, Inverness-shire, Scotland. His pipe banner is located in the Royal Scots Museum at Edinburgh Castle.

title: John Mackenzie (VC)


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Rehoboth (Bible)

Rehoboth (רְחוֹבוֹת ) is the name of three biblical places.

 Rehoboth (well)
According to Easton's Bible Dictionary (1893–97), "(a) well in Gerar dug by Isaac, supposed to be in Wady er-Ruheibeh, about 20 miles south of Beersheba." Isaac gave it the name Rehoboth, which means "open spaces". Isaac's servants had dug two wells and the herdsmen of Gerar quarrelled because of these two wells with Isaac's herdsmen. So when they dug the third well and there were no quarrels, Isaac named it Rehoboth, saying, "Now the Lord has given us room, and we will flourish in the land."

Rehoboth by the river
Rehoboth by the river was an ancient city from which came the Edomite king Saul in Genesis 36:37; ). Since "the River" in the Bible generally is used to mean the Euphrates, scholars have suggested either of two sites near the junction of the Khabur River and the Euphrates. However, this would be a place far outside the Edomite territory. The river mentioned could be a river in Edom such as the Zered (now the Wadi al-Hasa) in Jordan. Rehoboth could be identical with a site southeast of the Dead Sea.

Rehoboth-Ir
Rehoboth-Ir was a biblical town named in Genesis  as among those founded by Nimrod. Its exact geographic location is unknown. Rehoboth-Ir may possibly have been in the vicinity of the town of Nineveh. However, its name is identical to the Hebrew phrase "rehovot ir, meaning "streets of the town" or "public square of the town", which may refer to Nineveh itself, rather than the name of a distinct town.

title: Rehoboth (Bible)


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Findochty

Findochty (pronounced, Finichty, Am Fionn Ochdamh) is a village in Moray, Scotland, on the shores of the Moray Firth; historically it was part of Banffshire. The Gaelic name of the village was recorded by Diack using his own transcription method as fanna-guchti, which is of unclear meaning. One of the earliest references to Findochty is in 1440, when the king granted Findachtifeild to John Dufe, son of John Dufe. The lands passed from the Duffs to the Ogilvies of Findlater, and subsequently, in 1568, the Ord family acquired the manor, port, custom, and fishers' lands of Findochty, and later built the House of Findochty, known as Findochty Castle, now a ruin, which stands to the west of the village. In 1716 the Ords brought 13 men and 4 boys from Fraserburgh under contract to fish from Findochty, and for a time the harbour was busy with landings of herring and white fish. Findochty expanded as a fishing port through the 1700s and 1800s, and by 1850 was home to 140 fishing boats. But the expansion in the late 1800s of nearby Buckie provided a better harbour, and some of the fishing fleet had left Findochty by 1890. Findochty harbour is now used mostly by pleasure craft and is a good sun spot when the tide is out. A local artist, Correna Cowie, created a statue in 1959 of a seated fisherman, known as The White Mannie, who watches over the harbour.

In addition to characteristic painted cottages, a white-painted Church of Scotland church, and a scenic harbour overlooked to the west by the local war memorial, the village has basic amenities including a pub, a small supermarket, a pharmacy and a post office. There is a caravan site at the west of the village, behind The Admirals pub. The caravan park looks out onto a rock formation known as Edindoune and a bay past which schools of Moray Firth dolphins can sometimes be seen. For sailors, there is a marina and pontoons. The harbour is well protected from the elements by sturdy quays, one of which is topped with a small disused lighthouse.

The people of Findochty speak in the Scots dialect of Doric and the accent can be thick and hard to understand for outsiders.

In 1901, old animal bones taken to be made into implements, were discovered in a cave found in the cliff near the present bowling green. Horn spoons and needles without eyes and even a broken lignite armlet were found. The bones were dated as possibly prehistoric to middle age, but they have since been lost. The cave was destroyed within a few months of discovery by subsequent quarrying for rock to build local houses and roads.

To the east of the village the cliffs rise toward Tronach Head, honeycombed with caves and inlets. Clifftop paths link Findochty with the neighbouring village of Portknockie and West to Strathlene on the outskirts of Buckie in the other direction.

The cliffs are the home to myriad seabirds. There are substantial rock formations such as the Priest Craigs, and the Horses Head. West of the village lies the 18 hole Strathlene golf course, bounded to the north by coastal footpaths and low cliffs, making the errant drive from some tees particularly costly. At the south side of the course lies the road linking Findochty to Portessie and Strathlene. Adjacent to this can be seen the remains of Findochty castle. Access to the castle is not normally permitted as it is located in the midst of a working farm.

Many of the villagers work in the oil and gas industry - as is true of much of the surrounding area - due mainly to the downturn in the Scottish fishing industry over the last 30 – 40 years and the area's relative proximity to Aberdeen.

It is said that the original fishermen came from Fraserburgh which is known as "The Broch". In 1716 The Broch was Burghead. The harbour at Burghead was ruined by the sea just before then. 1716 is also the year after the 1st Jacobite uprising. Maybe some of the folk were hiding from King George's army.

Churches
There are a number of churches in this small village, including Church of Scotland, Salvation Army, & Methodist congregations. There are also the Christian Brethren at Chapel Street, and at the Station Road Hall - which has an annual Bible Conference every September drawing Christians from all parts of the British Isles and many overseas countries.

Notable people

 * Isla St Clair, singer

title: Findochty


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Albedo Anthropomorphics

Albedo Anthropomorphics, or Albedo for short, is a furry comic book anthology series which was credited with starting the furry comic book subgenre that featured sophisticated stories with talking animals primarily intended for an adult audience. The first issue of Albedo was published in 1983; the most recent issue was published in 2005.

Albedo was started by Steve Gallacci (pronounced /ɡʌˈlɑt͡ʃi/), who produced its main feature, Erma Felna: EDF—a sophisticated science fiction military series set in a sector of space populated by sapient and predominantly humanoid versions of mammal and avian species. The focus of the series is Erma Felna, a young feline officer who eventually plays a central role in the complex political conflicts that consume her universe.

Gallacci was a technical illustrator for the United States Air Force, and one feature of Albedo is its well thought-out and illustrated vehicles. His experience also shows in the realistic treatment of military life and operations.

The series was used as inspiration for the Albedo role-playing game, which has had three editions and multiple supplements.

Erma Felna: EDF
Erma Felna: EDF was set in a futuristic period in a sector of civilized outer space populated by sapient and predominantly humanoid versions of over 150 various mammalian and avian species. Although the civilization has advanced technical skills and political structure, the residents of this region have realized that they have no knowledge of their origins or past, nor any culture or arts to speak of beyond the structures necessary to maintain operational systems.

The title character is Erma Felna, a young cat who is an officer of the Extraplanetary Defense Force (EDF), the main military of the Interstellar Confederacy or ConFed for short. The series follows her adventures in part as she fulfills a career that would make her a revered name as "The Protector of the Rim", in the region's history despite sexist opposition.

The ConFed is challenged by a rival and ruthless enemy called the Independent Lapine Republic (ILR) which is populated by a species of supremacist rabbits who favor taking colonies and settled areas by force. To defeat their militarily stronger enemy, the ILR is engaging in socio-political warfare intended to undermine the ConFed citizenry's confidence in their government's stability and ability to protect them.

This strategy is made evident in the opening battle of the series when the ILR invades the ConFed planet of Derzon. Once the Republic seizes the planet, they deliberately deploy their troops in such a manner that defeating them requires the EDF inflict the maximum unavoidable amount of collateral damage and civilian casualties, intending to increase ConFed civilian resentment of their own government's actions.

In addition, there are internal and growing ConFed corruption and attacks by nihilistic terrorists who commit acts of violence for their own sake to shake societal complacency. A derelict ship that contains a body of a human is eventually discovered which reveals vital clues about the civilization.

Reception
The series drew considerable attention for its unique use of talking animals which featured characters engaged in sophisticated stories with a highly political nature, like novels such as A Very British Coup. For instance, after an action scene, the characters would often discuss the socio-political ramifications of the events in question and struggle to decide what to do in response.

Characters

 * Erma Felna: The main character of Albedo. Female officer in the EDF, born SD 171–01–22 (30 years old), Annianport, Annah (Dornthant II). Fur color is a light gold-brown, slightly paler in the front, scalp hair is dark red-brown, and eyes green gold. She shares her family's rare female genetic trait of vaguely humanlike head hair. Erma joined the EDF mainly because her father, Kanoc, was seriously tortured by the ILR.
 * Toki: a Danetti (from the planet Danet) mouse femme is a friend and confidant to Erma Felna. She is a staff officer for the Extra-Planetary Defense forces (EDF). Toki has large soft ears, very expressive eyes, a well-rounded figure, and is very outgoing and free with her attentions.

Online version
In 2016 Gallacci began posting the original Erma Felna: EDF comic pages online as a webcomic, alongside other works.

Others
Other features in the series have included:
 * High Orbit
 * Matt Howarth's Konny and Czu
 * Space Wolf
 * The first episodes of Stan Sakai's Usagi Yojimbo
 * Watchrats

History
The title was originally self-published by Gallacci through his own company called Thoughts & Images. When the company folded, Antarctic Press resumed the title for several years, both in a black-and-white series and a short-lived color one. The series moved to Shanda Fantasy Arts in 2004, which produced two issues of the continuing series before it went on indefinite hiatus in 2005.

An RPG by the same name, based on the Erma Felna storyline, was produced by Chessex in 1989 and 1993. The concept was re-engineered in 2003 by Sanguine Productions.

There was also an associated short-lived fan magazine, Refractions, which carried original artwork, stories, and discussions of the cultures shown in the Erma Felna, EDF universe. Steve Gallacci contributed new material and cover art for each, but most material came from other sources. Published by R'ykandar Korra'ti/Low Orbit Publications in the 1990s, the series ran only three issues; a fourth was tentatively announced, but cancelled for lack of original material after the end of the color Albedo run.

title: Albedo Anthropomorphics


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User talk:Summer Song

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Dmn / Դմն 23:57, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

About Jehovah's Witnesses
I can't understand what you said in this. You said: This non-acceptance is mutual; quite a number of non-Jehovah's Witness Christians believe that it is the Jehovah's Witnesses who have departed from the truth. Then what is the truth that you say? Trinity? Christian cross? Or others? Please explain. And if you think your belief is truth, I think you should prove from the Bible. Rantaro 07:58, 3 Nov 2004 (UTC)

All religious people have departed from the truth.

Franz
Hi SS, just wanted to let you know that br franz did maintain that only anointed bros coulsd serve on the GB and after his death this changed. I did not feel it an impotant point to add, but at least you know the truth. george 22:37, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Reordering pages
Summer Song, please discuss page changes prior to actually implementing them. Thanks. Netkinetic 20:07, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)

WikiProject Jehovah's Witnesses
I invite you to sign in as a participant to the new WikiProject Jehovah's Witnesses project and add that page to your watchlist. Tom Haws 21:04, Feb 1, 2005 (UTC)

Creating Articles w/ Categories
Good work creating new articles. When you create things, it helps tremendously to assign them to an accurate category (see WP:CG for info). If you're really not sure about categories, at least assign your new articles a stub category (see WP:SC for info). By assigning a category, you help make sure your new articles don't get lost as 'orphans' that are not associated with related topics. Feco

Kylie Tennant
Wy did you change the standard and Wiki-style presentation of dates (1912–1988) to the very non-standard and non-Wiki (b.1912 d.1988)? Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 21:38, 24 May 2005 (UTC)

Help with Translation!?
Can you help translate this for me to swedish? Many thanks in advance!

''For a small country, Albania is endowed with considerable resources. The southwestern part of the country is rich in petroleum and natural gas. The northeastern region has substantial reserves of metallic mineral deposits, including chromium, copper, and iron-nickel. Large deposits of lignite (soft coal) are found near Tiranë, and natural asphalt is mined near Selenicë.

Albania is also rich in rivers and streams with significant hydroelectric potential. These have been exploited quite effectively, making the country an energy exporter. A number of huge hydroelectric power plants have been built, mainly on the Drin River, and more than half of the country's arable land is irrigated, largely from the artificial reservoirs created upstream of the dams.''

--Armour 14:01, 22 November 2005 (UTC)

Editing Jehovah's Witnesses articles
Because of the volatile nature of religious opinion in general and opinions about Jehovah's Witnesses in particular, I am making it my goal to recommend to new and existing editors interested in JW articles to review (or re-review) Wikipedia's policies:
 * WP:NOR - no original research: your findings on Scripture have no place here
 * WP:V - verifiability: your references must be commonly verifiable
 * WP:NPOV - neutral point of view (this one is critical to JW pages edits especially): present opinions as opinions, facts as facts
 * WP:AGF - assume good faith: even if an edit is wildly divergent from what you are accustomed to, are comfortable with, or want to see in a particular article, don't assume bad motives on the part of the editor. They could be inexperienced, or have access to information that you may very well have never seen before.  This means giving the benefit of the doubt to the largest extent possible.
 * WP:CIV - Civility - "We cannot always expect people to love, honor, obey, or even respect another. But we have every right to demand civility."
 * WP:SOCK - No Sock puppets - do not use multiple accounts to bolster support for your edits, or to avoid personal attacks (see next point for how to deal with personal attacks)
 * WP:NPA - No personal attacks: calling into question someone's character, intelligence, or integrity by means of insults or condescendingly toned jabs simply because you don't like their edit or their position is unacceptable. If you keep making negative comments on the editor and not the edits, you could be banned (see WP:BAN.)
 * WP:VAND - Vandalism: what it is, what it is not, and how to deal with it.

As Wikipedia is a serious academic endeavor, it is not the place for proselytizing or promoting (or detracting from) issues of a religious or spiritual nature. Discussing the validity or failings of a particular religious viewpoint are both wastes of your time here, as they are opinions that do not contribute to the desired end result. It is expected of every editor to contribute positively, abide by the rules of the forum and stick to the facts. This will help us not only keep these articles and the discussions behind them free from ineffective and off-topic banter, but present a respectable product that addresses all sides in their proper perspectives.

It is best to ignore insults and off-topic discussions, addressing only the pertinent points so as to reach a consensus regarding the content of these pages. If you must address them, it's best to simply cite the Wikipedia standards and redirect your focus to content and format. In response to Central's warning about you, I hope you will be especially careful and personally detatched from this editing process. I hope my suggestions help. Happy editing! - CobaltBlueTony 15:37, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Ak1.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Ak1.jpg. I notice the image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the image qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Stan 05:02, 26 January 2006 (UTC)

Please clarify
Your starting version og [[Simon Kimbangu], as well as the latest one, which didn't differ that much, looks dangerously close to the Encyclopedia Britannica entry: Please clarify the sources for your edits.
 * http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9045460

Pjacobi 17:18, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:RUTHERFORD.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:RUTHERFORD.gif. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 17:38, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

Invitation to join WikiProject Eastern Orthodoxy
Hi there! I've noticed that you've edited articles pertaining to the Eastern Orthodox Church. I wanted to extend an invitation to you to join the WikiProject dedicated to organizing and improving articles on the subject, which can be found at: WikiProject Eastern Orthodoxy. This WikiProject was begun because a need was perceived to raise the level of quality of articles on Wikipedia which deal with the Eastern Orthodox Church.

You can find information on the project page about the WikiProject, as well as how to join and how to indicate that you are a member of the project. Additionally, you may be interested in helping out with our collaboration of the month. I hope you'll consider joining and thank you for your contributions thus far! — A.S. Damick talk contribs 03:37, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

Summer Song Edits
Hello Summer Song, I wanted to request that you, when editing the 'Governing Body' page, please read the paragraph and condense it to a 2-3 sentence summary or paraphrase instead of just deleting it. A case in point, you made a deletion of the 'Branch Committee' stating that it had nothing to do with the 'Governing Body' but yet, the 'Governing Body' appoints members for the 'Branch Committee' and provides direction and guidance for their roles. I think it would have been better to summarize that and maybe a sentence or two about the 'Branch Committee' to shorten or condense the information and possibly providing a link to the full explanation to the 'Branch Committee'. I'll await your reply before I proceed with this course of direction. Protector of the Truth 18:48, 6 October 2006 (UTC)

Lactarius deliciosus
Hello- Did you translate this article from Norwegian? It's a good idea to mention at the bottom of the article if it is a translation, that way people who know the original language can use the original article to adjust the English. Takk! -Eric (talk) 16:09, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

editing JW articles
I have a letter from the Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses with their recommendations about editing Wikipedia articles about our faith. Please email me and I will send you a copy of the email I've sent to other JW Wikipedians. - CobaltBlueTony 18:13, 16 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Did you read this message yet? - CobaltBlueTony 15:58, 21 November 2006 (UTC)

Why did you move the "List of Jehovah's Witness Literature" article?
Why did you move the "List of Jehovah's Witness Literature" article? I think the title should retain "Jehovah's Witness" in it. Dtbrown 16:59, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

Help Prevent Article Deletion: Religious Perspectives on Dinosaurs
Hello, I'm leaving you this message because I notice you've made at least one significant edit to the Wikipedia article Religious perspectives on dinosaurs. The article has recently been nominated for deletion from Wikipedia, and there is considerable support for that position.

I'm hoping you'll help me support the continued existence of the Religious perspectives on dinosaurs article by registering a keep vote on the article's request for deletion page. The article contains some good information, and represents an unobtrusive way to present notable minority viewpoints about dinosaurs that cannot reasonably be elaborated on in the parent article. It shouldn't be deleted simply because the viewpoints it presents aren't "scientific."

Thanks! Killdevil 03:58, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Faithful and Discreet Slave
I would recommend Insight on the Scriptures on the subject if you have access to one. I'm trying to avoid Wikipedia for now, fall term starts Monday for me. Duffer 20:26, 21 September 2007 (UTC)

Recent Edit to Eschatology of JWs
Recently, you added this to the article:

''However, that gives no reason to think that the organization supported any type of extreme behavior. The article was meant to encourage the members to live a simple life and preach the word, maybe spending their time as pioneers.''

I'm not sure if I understand your edit. Are you saying the Organization in 1974 was not commending those who sold their homes in order to pioneer? I thought that was what the 1974 Kingdom Ministry was applauding. You also state that the Kingdom Ministry aticle "was meant to encourage the members to live a simple life and preach the word..." Isn't that reading into the article a motive? How do you know what that motive was? Shouldn't we just state what it says without interpretation? Dtbrown 04:51, 26 October 2007 (UTC)

Marvin Shilmer
The purpose of your edit on my Talk Page is unclear. Are you disputing an edit I have made??--Jeffro77 07:52, 8 November 2007 (UTC)

Deo Volente
I have done what you asked for Jehovah's Witnesses literature. Mikhailov Kusserow (talk) 03:35, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

Merges
Hi. Yes, I agree with the article merges you suggested. I'm not doing a lot of editing for a few weeks on the JW articles because it's been getting frustrating, but I'll be around, and will be back more frequently in a while.--Jeffro77 (talk) 03:55, 25 January 2008 (UTC)

Jehovah's Witnesses and congregational discipline
Another editor has added the "prod" template to the article Jehovah's Witnesses and congregational discipline, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the prod template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 04:44, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Jehovah's Witnesses and salvation
I have nominated Jehovah's Witnesses and salvation, an article you created, for deletion. I do not feel that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Jehovah's Witnesses and salvation. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time. Do you want to opt out of receiving this notice? --Explodicle (talk) 14:34, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

HELP
Can you HELP me? Please watch this. Mikhailov Kusserow (talk) 07:29, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

SOS
Can you HELP me? Please watch this. Mikhailov Kusserow (talk) 01:04, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

 * This version in Indonesia Wikipedia is going to be deleted. Can you help me to SAY NO in its Talk in id.wiki? I don't know why they don't appreciate Freedom of Religion and Freedom of Speech. Thanks. Mikhailov Kusserow (talk) 07:37, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

Kingdom Songs
I am overseas travelling and just saw your request for help regarding the 'Kingdom Songs' article. Though the content that was removed is okay, the reference provided is not. However, despite the objection made by the person who deleted it, I am quite sure that there is a supporting reference in JW literature, though I don't have the library CD with my overseas.--Jeffro77 (talk) 16:46, 1 August 2008 (UTC)

September 2008
Welcome to Wikipedia. It might not have been your intention, but your recent edit removed content from. When removing text, please specify a reason in the edit summary and discuss edits that are likely to be controversial on the article's talk page. If this was a mistake, don't worry; the text has been restored, as you can see from the page history. Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia, and if you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Deconstructhis (talk) 23:43, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

New policy on date links
I just reverted you on Lommedalen. There has apparently recently been a change of consensus when ot comes to wikilinking years and dates. You can see what the guidelines state at MOS:NUM. There is some discussion on it going on, but you will notice an ongoing effort of removing incidental links to dates and years. __meco (talk) 07:42, 22 October 2008 (UTC)

Governing Body
Hi. You said: "The recent version claims that "the origin of the governing body is not clear", while the previous version clearly stated that the leadership of JW before the 70's was the board of the Watchtower Society." The thing is, both are true. The origins of the formal 'Governing Body' (a proper noun, a special term, and having theological significance, also note capitalisation) was only clearly established in the 70s, and is not strictly synonymous with the leadership (prior to its formal formation).-- Jeffro 77 (talk) 18:07, 31 December 2008 (UTC)

Rømme
Hej, såg du plockade bort Rømme från Smetena. Finns det smetena i Norge?

Warrington (talk) 22:19, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

Ikke Krotekaker heller?

Warrington (talk) 21:45, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

Jehovah's Witnesses project
I have started a discussion regarding the content wikipedia has regarding the Jehovah's Witnesses at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Jehovah's Witnesses. Seeing that you are listed as a member of that project, I would appreciate any responses to the material there you would like to make. Thank you. John Carter (talk) 15:01, 8 April 2009 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Ministerial Training School
I have nominated Ministerial Training School, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Ministerial Training School. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Jeffro 77 (talk) 09:04, 6 May 2009 (UTC)

Articles for deletion nomination of Don Alden Adams
I have nominated Don Alden Adams, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Don Alden Adams. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Jeffro 77 (talk) 05:36, 30 August 2009 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Summer Song! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 3 of the articles that you created  are tagged as Unreferenced Biographies of Living Persons. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. if you were to bring these articles up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the articles are adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the list:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 00:00, 9 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Alejandro Fuentes -
 * 2) Askil Holm -
 * 3) Terje Formoe -

Advice on getting format consensus?
Care to give me some advice here? Cordially, SergeWoodzing (talk) 14:44, 15 May 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Captain Sabertooth

The article Captain Sabertooth has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non notable fictional character, fails WPGNG

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

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Ichthus: January 2012
 In this issue...

- Ichthus is the newsletter of Christianity on Wikipedia • It is published by WikiProject Christianity For submissions contact the Newsroom • To unsubscribe add yourself to the list here
 * From the Editor
 * What are You doing For Lent?
 * Fun and Exciting Contest Launched
 * Spotlight on WikiProject Catholicism

Template:Did you know nominations/Lactarius deterrimus
hello,

if you don't mind I credited you here. Regards.-- GoP T C N 10:20, 25 June 2012 (UTC)

Nomination of UTFO for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article UTFO is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/UTFO until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Joseph2302 (talk) 21:49, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Arne Paus

The article Arne Paus has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Unreferenced BLP, fails WP:GNG and WP:BIO

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on |the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Winner 42 Talk to me!  22:43, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Nomination of Captain Sabertooth for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Captain Sabertooth is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:49, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Nomination of Expressive loan for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Expressive loan is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

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Opposing views on Jehovah's Witnesses listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Opposing views on Jehovah&. Since you had some involvement with the Opposing views on Jehovah's Witnesses redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Steel1943 (talk) 21:16, 15 May 2018 (UTC)

Websites Critical of the Watchtower Society (Jehovah's Witnesses' Organisation) listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Websites Critical of the Watchtower Society (Jehovah&. Since you had some involvement with the Websites Critical of the Watchtower Society (Jehovah's Witnesses' Organisation) redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Steel1943 (talk) 21:17, 15 May 2018 (UTC)

title: User talk:Summer Song


text:
User talk:Ginando

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Dmn / Դմն 23:57, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Ginando


text:
User talk:Stanishjd

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Dmn / Դմն 23:59, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Change to Common.css
Per recent discussions, the way in which Persondata is viewed by Wikipedia editors has changed. In order to continue viewing Persondata in Wikipedia articles, please edit your user CSS file to display table.persondata rather than table.metadata. More specific instructions can be found on the Persondata page. -- ShakingSpirit talk  on behalf of Kaldari 01:59, 25 December 2006 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of WAPS Promotion Score Calculator

The article WAPS Promotion Score Calculator has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Fails verifiability, appears to be non-notable website

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

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Nomination of WAPS Promotion Score Calculator for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article WAPS Promotion Score Calculator is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/WAPS Promotion Score Calculator until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. Peter James (talk) 18:30, 11 February 2013 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Air Force Promotion Cutoff Score

The article Air Force Promotion Cutoff Score has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Fails Notability. I propose merging it into Weighted Airman Promotion System because the promotion cutoff score is part of WAPS. See also, Articles for deletion/WAPS Promotion Score Calculator.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. — -  dain -  talk    04:04, 17 February 2013 (UTC)

title: User talk:Stanishjd


text:
User talk:Jamescole

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Dmn / Դմն 23:59, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Speedy deletion of Church of the East & Abroad Catholicos
A tag has been placed on Church of the East & Abroad Catholicos requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a person or group of people, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not assert the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for biographies.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the article (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Scar ian Talk  17:14, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jamescole


text:
Coast Starlight

The Coast Starlight is a long-distance passenger train operated by Amtrak on the West Coast of the United States between Seattle and Los Angeles via Portland and the San Francisco Bay Area. The train, which has operated continuously since Amtrak's formation in 1971, was the first to offer direct service between Seattle and Los Angeles. Its name is a combination of two prior Southern Pacific (SP) trains, the Coast Daylight and the Starlight.

During fiscal year (FY) 2019, the Coast Starlight carried 426,029 passengers, an increase of 2.0% from FY 2018. In FY 2016, the train had a total revenue of $40.5 million, a decrease of 1.4% from FY 2015.

Background
Before the formation of Amtrak, no passenger train ran the entire length of the West Coast. The closest equivalent was the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP)'s West Coast, which ran via the San Joaquin Valley from Los Angeles to Portland from 1924 to 1949, with through cars to Seattle via the Great Northern Railway (GN).

By 1971, the SP operated just two daily trains between Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area: the Los Angeles–San Francisco Coast Daylight via the Coast Line, and the Los Angeles–Oakland San Joaquin Daylight via the Central Valley. The SP also operated the tri-weekly Cascade between Oakland and Portland, Oregon. The Burlington Northern Railroad (BN) and Union Pacific Railroad ran three daily round trips between Portland and Seattle. The Santa Fe ran the San Diegan between Los Angeles and San Diego.

Amtrak era

The Seattle–San Diego route was initially left out of plans for Railpax (later Amtrak) until protests from politicians in California, Oregon, and Washington. With the start of Amtrak operations on May1, 1971, a single train began running between Seattle and San Diego. The unnamed train (#11/12) ran three days a week; on the other four days, another unnamed train (#98/99) ran between Oakland and Los Angeles. On November 14, Amtrak extended the Oakland–Los Angeles train to San Diego, renumbered it to #12/13, and renamed it Coast Daylight. The Seattle–San Diego train became the Coast Daylight/Starlight (#11-12) northbound and Coast Starlight/Daylight (#13-14) southbound. Both trains were cut back from San Diego to Los Angeles in April 1972, replaced by a third San Diegan. On June10, 1973, Amtrak began running the combined Coast Daylight/Starlight daily for the summer months. Positive response led to Amtrak to retain this service, and the Coast Daylight name was dropped on May19, 1974.

An additional train, the Spirit of California, ran the section of the route between Sacramento and Los Angeles on an overnight schedule from October25, 1981, to September30, 1983. From November10, 1996, to October25, 1997, through coaches were transferred between the Coast Starlight and San Diegan at Los Angeles.

The Coast Starlight originally used the Southern Pacific West Valley Line between Tehama and Davis. That route included a stop at Orland, but bypassed Sacramento. On April26, 1982, the train was rerouted via Roseville on the Southern Pacific Valley and Martinez Subdivisions, with stops added at Sacramento, Chico, and Marysville, per request from the state. In 1999, the Coast Starlight was rerouted onto the more direct ex-Western Pacific Sacramento Subdivision between Marysville and Sacramento, with the Marysville stop closed.

Ridership declined by 26% between 1999 and 2005 as freight congestion and track maintenance on the Union Pacific Railroad reduced the Coast Starlight's on-time performance to 2%, which Amtrak characterized as "dismal." By mid-summer in 2006 delays of 5–11 hours were common. Critics dubbed the train the Star-late. During early summer 2008, the Coast Starlight was relaunched with new amenities and refurbished equipment. In July 2008, refurbished Pacific Parlour cars returned to service as part of the relaunch. This was much anticipated, due to the success of Amtrak's relaunch of the Empire Builder. Between FY 2008 and FY 2009, ridership on the Coast Starlight jumped 15% from 353,657 passengers to 406,398 passengers. Operating conditions on the UP improved as well; by May 2008 on-time performance had reached 86%.

Service was suspended north of Sacramento for a month in 2017 after a freight derailment damaged a bridge near Mount Shasta, California.

On February24, 2019, the southbound Coast Starlight struck a fallen tree near Oakridge, Oregon after a rare heavy snowstorm. The train was stranded for 36 hours before tracks could be cleared for a Union Pacific locomotive to tow the train back to Eugene–Springfield.

From October1, 2020, to May24, 2021, daily service was reduced to three trains per week due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On May24, 2021, as part of its post-COVID service restorations, Amtrak restored the Coast Starlight frequency to daily service in both directions.

In late June 2021, the Lava Fire seriously damaged a Union Pacific trestle on the Black Butte Subdivision between Klamath Falls, Oregon and Dunsmuir, California. As a result, the Coast Starlight was initially split into two segments: Seattle to Klamath Falls and Sacramento to Los Angeles with a bus replacement service filling the gap between Klamath Falls and Sacramento. However, on July2, 2021, it was announced that service would be discontinued between Seattle and Sacramento until July14, 2021, with Amtrak Cascades replacing service for passengers booked between Seattle and Eugene. Through service resumed on July15 using overnight buses between Sacramento and Klamath Falls, and full-route train operation resumed on August23.

A resurgence of the COVID-19 virus caused by the Omicron variant caused Amtrak to reduce the frequency of this route to five-weekly round trips from January to March 2022.

Trains began running over the Point Defiance Bypass between Tacoma and DuPont, Washington starting on November18, 2021.

Future improvements
The 2018 California State Rail Plan, prepared by Caltrans, outlines a number of planned improvements to rail infrastructure in the state of California. The plan was updated in 2023. In 2022, the California Transportation Commission approved $7.5 million for the construction of a new station in King City to improve access to the region, including nearby Fort Hunter Liggett and Pinnacles National Park. There is also a proposal in the Capitol Corridor Vision plan to improve the right-of-way shared by the Capitol Corridor and Coast Starlight between Oakland and Martinez. The proposal would re-route the train from along the shores of San Pablo Bay and the Carquinez Strait to a new tunnel through Franklin Canyon and a right-of-way next to California State Route 4 that would reduce the trip time by several minutes.

Route
Except for two sections, most of the Coast Starlight route is on former Southern Pacific lines now owned by the Union Pacific Railroad. The Coast Starlight runs over the following lines:
 * BNSF Seattle Subdivision (ex-NP, later ex-BN): Seattle, Washington to Tacoma, Washington
 * Sound Transit (SDRX) Point Defiance Bypass: Tacoma to DuPont, Washington
 * BNSF Seattle Subdivision: DuPont to Portland, Oregon
 * UP Brooklyn Subdivision: Portland to Eugene, Oregon
 * UP Cascade Subdivision: Eugene to Klamath Falls, Oregon
 * UP Black Butte Subdivision: Klamath Falls to Dunsmuir, California
 * UP Valley Subdivision: Dunsmuir to Marysville, California
 * UP Sacramento Subdivision (ex-WP): Marysville to Sacramento, California
 * UP Martinez Subdivision: Sacramento to Oakland, California
 * UP Niles Subdivision: Oakland to Elmhurst, California
 * UP Coast Subdivision: Elmhurst to Santa Clara, California
 * Caltrain (JPBX) Peninsula Subdivision: Santa Clara to Tamien, California
 * UP Coast Subdivision: Tamien to San Luis Obispo, California
 * UP Santa Barbara Subdivision: San Luis Obispo to Moorpark, California
 * Metrolink (SCAX) Ventura Subdivision: Moorpark to Taylor Yard, Los Angeles
 * Metrolink (SCAX) River Subdivision: Taylor Yard to Los Angeles Union Station

The Coast Starlight is occasionally diverted between Oakland and Los Angeles via the Central Valley and Tehachapi Pass due to track work or service disruptions on the Coast Line. These rerouted trains are popular with railfans because they use the Tehachapi Loop, which has not had regularly-scheduled passenger trains since 1971.

Equipment
The Coast Starlight uses double-decker Superliner I & II equipment, including a Sightseer Lounge car that has floor-to-ceiling windows to view the passing scenery. Baggage is placed in one of Amtrak's new Viewliner II single-level baggage cars or in designated coach-class cars. The Coast Starlight typically uses two GE P42DC or Siemens ALC-42 locomotives. While the length of the train varies, in 2011 the "peak" consist comprised a baggage car, Transition sleeper, three sleeping cars, Pacific Parlour Car, dining car, Sightseer Lounge, and four coaches.

Prior to February 2018, the Coast Starlight was unique in that it included a first-class lounge car called the "Pacific Parlour Car". The cars were Budd Hi-Level Sky Lounge cars, built in 1956 for the Santa Fe's El Capitan service. Called a "living room on rails", the Parlour car offered several amenities to first-class sleeping car passengers including wireless Internet access, a full bar, a small library with books and games, an afternoon wine tasting, and a movie theater on the lower level. Sleeping car passengers could also make reservations to dine in the Parlour car, which offered a unique menu not offered in the standard dining car. In February 2018, in a cost-cutting measure, Amtrak retired the Pacific Parlour Cars, citing the move as "part of Amtrak's ongoing work to modernize its fleet of equipment."

title: Coast Starlight


text:
ESP Guitars

ESP Company, Limited (株式会社イーエスピー) is a Japanese guitar manufacturer, primarily focused on the production of electric guitars and basses. They are based in both Tokyo and Los Angeles, with distinct product lines for each market. ESP Company manufactures instruments under several names, including "ESP Standard", "ESP Custom Shop", "LTD Guitars and Basses", "Navigator", "Edwards Guitars and Basses", and "Grassroots".

History

In 1975, Hisatake Shibuya opened a shop called Electric Sound Products (ESP) in Tokyo, Japan, which provided custom replacement parts for guitars. At this time, ESP also began making guitars under the ESP and Navigator brand in the Japanese market.

ESP replacement parts were first introduced into the US in 1983 and began crafting custom instruments for local New York artists between 1984 and 1985. Among these artists were Vernon Reid (Living Colour), Vinnie Vincent and Bruce Kulick (KISS), Sid McGinnis of Late Night with David Letterman and Ronnie Wood (The Rolling Stones). At this time, ESP also introduced the 400 Series as the first production line to be distributed in the US.

During this same period, ESP began making the bodies and necks for Kramer Guitars and other manufacturers were using ESP as an OEM such as Robin Guitars, Schecter Guitar Research and DiMarzio. Many traits of the Kramer line are still visible including neck construction and body bevels. ESP tooled up for Tom Anderson's shaved bolt on neck heel on the Schecter bodies and this has since become a feature of their house brand.

In 1985, George Lynch discovered ESP while on tour in Tokyo. Lynch walked into an ESP shop looking for a replacement neck and learned that ESP also built custom guitars. As a result, his famous ESP Kamikaze was made and ESP released George Lynch's Kamikaze as its first signature model. ESP soon introduced the M1 Standard, MI Custom, Horizon Custom, and the Surveyor bass.

At this time, ESP based its headquarters in a loft in downtown New York City on 19th Street. In 1989, the headquarters were moved to 48th Street near other music stores.

Between 1990 and 1992, ESP expanded its Signature Series as well as its standard product line. The US replacement parts business was discontinued in order to focus solely on their guitar and bass line, as well as the Custom Shop series. There are about 41 signature series guitars.

In 1993, ESP moved its headquarters again but this time to Los Angeles, on Sunset Blvd. in Hollywood. In 1995, the LTD series was created to produce ESP's high-quality products at a more affordable price. Soon after the introduction of the Korean and Indonesian-made LTD lines, ESP stopped selling the majority of its Japanese-made flagship guitars in the United States, due to the high prices involved in exporting to the Americas. The lone exception was ESP's artist signature series, which remained ESP (rather than LTD) models. In the early 2000s (decade), ESP resumed exporting the standard Japanese-made lines to the United States (where they are popular among heavy metal and hard rock players), though at greatly increased prices compared to the early 1990s.

Similarly to Ibanez, ESP's chief competitor in Japan, ESP was initially known for making high-quality and customized replicas of famous American guitars, including hot rodded Strats and Teles, as well as Gibson Explorers. The Explorer model, (known as the EXP/MX), shot to fame when avid ESP user James Hetfield's band Metallica rose to popularity in the late 80s/early 90s. Models similar to Hetfield's black ESP even today sell for thousands of dollars beyond the original retail price. However, just like with Ibanez, when the Gibson company realized the extent to which ESP was denting into sales of its own guitars, it filed a suit to prevent sales of these guitars in the Americas. ESP redesigned its lines to be less similar to the American models.

In 2002, ESP was ranked among the music industry's fastest-growing companies. This is largely due to the Fender buyout of Jackson Guitars, who ESP had struggled to compete with throughout the 1980s and 1990s. After the buyout, many Jackson endorsers switched over to ESP. Some of these artists who left Jackson for ESP included Dave Mustaine (Megadeth, now using Gibson Guitars), as well as Adam Darski (Behemoth), Alexi Laiho and Roope Latvala (Children of Bodom), Jeff Hanneman (Slayer), Galder and Silenoz (Dimmu Borgir).

ESP introduced its Xtone line, beginning with the semi-hollow Paramount Series. In 2005, ESP celebrated its 30th anniversary and released James Hetfield's "Truckster" into its Signature Series. In 2006, ESP showcased 22 of its newest Signature Series and Standard Series models at Winter NAMM 2006. The Standard Series included models such as the ESP LTD EC-500 and the ESP LTD B-500. Among the signature artists showcasing their newest ESP models and signing autographs at the ESP booth were Dave Mustaine, George Lynch, Stephen Carpenter (Deftones), Michael Wilton and Page Hamilton.

As of March 2015, ESP began distributing Takamine Guitars in the United States.

Manufacturing operations
Original series and Custom Shop ESPs are handcrafted in Japan while the Standard Series ESPs are factory-made in Japan.

In 1996, ESP started its "LTD" series. These guitars are similar to lower-end ESP guitars, but are more affordable and cater mainly for markets outside Japan. The 1000 series LTDs are made on an assembly line in Korea whereas the 401 series and below are made in Indonesia.

LTD basses are instruments mainly aimed at beginners. Over the years manufacturing has moved between various locations, including Vietnam, China and Indonesia. Intermediate models were manufactured in Korea in the early 2000s (decade). The quality from these has led to continued demand for the LTD series.

Additionally, ESP has two separate Japan-only lines of guitars, the Grassroots (lower end) and Edwards (Mid-range). The Grassroots line is manufactured in Korea and are the equivalent or better than the Sub-400 series LTDs and can be considered a budget line. The Edwards guitars, on the other hand, the final setup is made in Japan but the bodies and painting are made in China (except for very few Edwards models that are made in Japan, but those are the exception to the rule) and boast similar hardware as their higher-end ESP counterparts but are not handcrafted. In terms of quality, in contrast to the USA lines (i.e. ESP Standard & LTD), the Edwards line generally lies in between the more upmarket LTDs and ESP Standards.

ESP guitars cater to a wide range of players. There are a variety of models including Superstrat-styled guitars, Les Paul-styled guitars, Flying V-styled, Star-shaped and others. ESP technically has two lines, one for USA and Japan, but there are slight differences. The ESP USA line doesn't include the Strat-like Snapper, the Forest GT, as well as some of the Japanese rock artist models but their custom line has been known to produce some of the most unusual designs such as a Gundam Beam-rifle replica guitar, as well as the "ESP Machinegun" used by the Japanese band Alfee.

ESP not only make guitars, they also produce various hardware parts themselves, like bass bridges or the ESP Flicker tremolo, ESP Labs Pickups, as well as sustainers, equalizers, etc. Usually these parts are only available for OEM use and not to the ordinary customer.

Popularity
ESP found fame by making and endorsing guitars for guitarists who went on to become leading exponents of thrash metal in the 1980s, along with other guitar manufacturers Jackson and Dean, with bands Metallica, Slayer, Anthrax and Megadeth. As a result of these endorsements, ESP has become one of the most popular suppliers of guitars for heavy metal. ESP instruments are endorsed by musicians numbering in the hundreds. A complete list of them can be found on the Artists section of ESP Guitars' website.

The bass signatures by J, founder of Luna Sea, are one of the most influential models manufactured by ESP, with over 50,000 copies sold. From the same band, Sugizo also contributed significantly to the brand with his design ideas.

Guitars and bass series
Dependent on the target market (i.e. Asia, US, Europe) and brand (ESP, LTD or Xtone), various models are organized in marketing series.

The ESP Original series has three other lines of guitars, the Edwards, Grassroots and Navigator series and are largely based on these models as well as some ESP Standard series Models. ESP Edwards Series produces mid-to-high range guitars, at a quality near the ESP Standard series, whilst ESP Grass Roots Series cater towards a more value-oriented segment of the market and are more akin to the 400 series of LTDs, however these can vary. The ESP Navigator Series on the other hand is a line which produces mainly replicas of Gibson and Fender guitars and basses, to a very high standard.

ESP USA features the ESP Standard line (which was replaced in 2014 by E-II), as well as the lower end LTD and Xtone series. ESP USA's standard series generally caters more towards to metal players, with characteristics such as active pickups.

Another line of guitars, called LTD Elite, was introduced in 2013 for overseas markets, as the ESP Standard line was slowly being phased out. LTD Elite guitars are made in Japan, and initially offered alongside the ESP standard replacement brand E-II in the export market in 2013 while a limited range of ESP Standards were sold in the US to be phased out for E-II in 2014. The ESP Standard line had been completely discontinued by this time. E-II guitars initially resembled several Edwards designs, however in 2015 many new models and finishes not available to Edwards were released. In 2016, E-II receives many new and first-time models, including Eclipse guitars with a sculpted neck joint similar to Gibson's Axcess heel to improve playability. According to ESP, E-II is the direct successor to ESP Standard with no difference between the two except the name.

ESP Custom series

ESP also builds custom guitars and basses, made to the specifications of the customer and the quality of such custom guitars exceed that of the Original series. These can be ordered from ESP USA but they are made in Japan. Generally speaking custom guitars cost as much, or even more than Navigators depending on the choices of the consumer and are considered to cater for the top-end of the market. There is flexibility with the orders, as the guitars produced, do not have to be based on existing lines of guitars and basses.

ESP Artist series

The ESP Artist, or Signature series guitars are mass-produced versions of artist's personal guitars and basses. The quality of the ESP Artist/Signature models lie between Navigator/Custom Shop and the ESP Original series.

The Edwards, Grassroots and LTD artist models are in the higher-end segments of the respective lines of guitars and basses.

title: ESP Guitars


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Talk:Gen language

I am going to rename this article to Gẽ language and rewrite it to handle about the Mina/Gẽ dialect of the Gbe cluster only. Currently it is completely redundant with Ewe language, Gbe languages and Fon language.

 * Ouch, the Wiki does not handle the ẽ too well in the article title. I'll use the alternative name 'Mina language' instead for the title... Strangeloop (talk)  00:05, 17 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Moved to Gen language — the orthographic solution. — mark ✎ 07:29, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

Gen language template
If you are a native speaker of Gɛn gbe then you can help translate this template into your own language:

Edit

--Amazonien (talk) 21:49, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gen language


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Gerar

Gerar (גְּרָר Gərār, "lodging-place") was a Philistine town and district in what is today south central Israel, mentioned in the Book of Genesis and in the Second Book of Chronicles of the Hebrew Bible.

Identification
According to the International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, the biblical valley of Gerar was probably located in the area of a valley known in Arabic as Wady Sheri'a, and in Modern Hebrew as Nahal Gerar. Most commentators see the mound of Tel Haror (Hebrew) or Tell Abu Hureyra (Arabic) as representing the ancient Gerar.

Some older commentaries, such as Smith's Bible Dictionary, stated simply that Gerar was located "south of Gaza". Also, a ninth century rabbinical source, Saadia Gaon, identified Gerar with Haluza, which is located along the Besor Stream in the Negev. However, according to recent archaeological research, Haluza only dates to the period of the Nabataean Kingdom.

Biblical accounts
Biblically, the town features in two of the three wife-sister narratives in Genesis. These record that Abraham and Isaac each stayed at Gerar, near what became Beersheba, and that each passed his wife off as his sister, leading to complications involving Gerar's Philistine king, Abimelech. (, and )

The Haggadah identifies the two references to Abimelech as two separate people, the second being the first Abimelech's son, and that his original name was Benmelech ["son of the King"], but he changed his name to his father's, meaning "my father is king".

In 2 Chronicles 14:12-15, Gerar and its surrounding towns figure in the account of King Asa's defeat of Zerah's vast Cushite forces.

title: Gerar


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User:Tejaaa

This is Tejas Patel's page

title: User:Tejaaa


text: Category:Michael Moorcock characters

title: Category:Michael Moorcock characters