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Wikipedia:Summary style

World War II article in summary style

World War II ... was a global war that was underway by 1939 and ended in 1945 ....

The start of the war is generally held to be 1 September 1939 ....

World War I radically altered the political map, with the defeat of the Central Powers ....

The Second Italo–Abyssinian War was a brief colonial war that began in October 1935 and ended in May 1936 ....

Germany and Italy lent support to the Nationalist insurrection led by general Francisco Franco in Spain ....

Wikipedia articles cover topics at several levels of detail: the lead contains a quick summary of the topic's most important points, and each major subtopic is detailed in its own section of the article. The length of a given Wikipedia article tends to grow as people add information to it. Wikipedia articles cannot be of indefinite length as very long articles would cause problems and should be split.

A fuller treatment of any major subtopic should go in a separate article of its own. Each subtopic or child article is a complete encyclopedic article in its own right and contains its own lead section that is quite similar to the summary in its parent article. It also contains a link back to the parent article and enough information about the broader parent subject to place the subject in context for the reader, even if this produces some duplication between the parent and child articles. The original article should contain a section with a summary of the subtopic's article as well as a link to it, or alternatively, an excerpt of it. This type of organization is made possible because Wikipedia is an online encyclopedia: unlike traditional paper encyclopedias, it only takes a click for readers to switch between articles, and there is no need to conserve paper by preventing duplication of content.

It is advisable to develop new material in a subtopic article before summarizing it in the parent article. (An exception to this is when the subtopic is non-notable; see below.) For copyright purposes, the first edit summary of a subtopic article formed by cutting text out of a parent article should link back to the original (see WP:Copying within Wikipedia). Templates are available to link to subtopics and to tag synchronization problems between a summary section and the article it summarizes.

Article size
Articles over a certain size may not cover their topic in a way that is easy to find or read. Opinions vary as to what counts as an ideal length; judging the appropriate size depends on the topic and whether it easily lends itself to being split up. Size guidelines apply somewhat less to disambiguation pages and to list articles, especially if splitting them would require breaking up a sortable table. This style of organizing articles is somewhat related to news style except that it focuses on instead of articles.

This is more helpful to the reader than a very long article that just keeps growing, eventually reaching book length. Summary style keeps the reader from being overwhelmed by too much information up front, by summarizing main points and going into more details on particular points (subtopics) in separate articles. What constitutes "too long" varies by situation, but generally 50 kilobytes of readable prose (8,000 words) is the starting point at which articles may be considered too long. Articles that go above this have a burden of proof that extra text is needed to efficiently cover their topics and that the extra reading time is justified.

Levels of detail
Since Wikipedia, unlike the Encyclopaedia Britannica, is not divided into a Macropædia, Micropædia, and concise version, we must serve all three user types in the same encyclopedia. Summary style is based on the premise that information about a topic need not all be contained in a single article since different readers have different needs:
 * Many readers need just a quick summary of the topic's most important points (lead section).
 * Others need a moderate amount of information on the topic's more important points (a set of multiparagraph sections).
 * Some readers need a lot of details on one or more aspects of the topic (links to full-sized separate subarticles).

The parent article should have general summary information like a lead, and child articles should expand in more detail on subtopics summarized in the parent article. The child article in turn can also serve as a parent article for its own sections and subsections on the topic, and so on, until a topic is thoroughly covered. The idea is to summarize and distribute information across related articles in a way that can serve readers who want varying amounts of details. Breakout methods should anticipate the various levels of detail that typical readers will look for. See MOS:LEADLENGTH for recommendations on the size of an article summary.

This can be thought of as layering inverted pyramids where the reader is first shown the lead section for a topic, and within its article any section may have a hatnote or similar link to a full article about the subtopic summarized in that section. For example, Yosemite National Park and History of the Yosemite area are two such related featured articles. Thus, by navigational choices, several different types of readers each get the amount of detail they want.

Technique
Longer articles are split into sections, each usually several good-sized paragraphs long. Subsectioning can increase this amount. Ideally, many of these sections will eventually provide summaries of separate articles on the subtopics covered in those sections. Each subtopic article is a complete encyclopedic article in its own right and contains its own lead section that is quite similar to the summary in the parent article. It also contains a link back to the parent article, and enough information about the broader parent subject to place the subject in context for the reader, even if this produces some duplication between the parent and child articles.

Sections that are less important for understanding the topic will tend to be lower in the article, while more important sections will tend to be higher, except for articles on history or that are otherwise chronologically based, unless there is some type of analysis section. Ordering sections in this way is important because many readers will not finish reading the article.

In the parent article, the location of the detailed article for each subtopic is indicated at the top of the section by a hatnote link such as "Main article", generated by the template. Other template links include and. Avoid link clutter of multiple child articles in a hierarchical setup as hatnotes. For example, Canada is a summary section with a hatnote to Economy of Canada that summarizes the history with a hatnote to Economic history of Canada. For article pairs with a less hierarchical parent/child relationship, See also may apply. See WP:HATNOTERULES for more information.

Whenever you break up a page, please note the split (including the subtopic page names between double square brackets) in the edit summary. If possible, content should be split into logically separate articles. Long stand-alone lists may be split alphanumerically or chronologically or in another way that simplifies maintenance without regard to individual notability of the subsections (common selection criteria: lists created explicitly because most or all of the listed items do not warrant independent articles; short, complete lists of every item that is verifiably a member of the group). However, a split by subtopic is preferable. Judging the appropriate size depends on the topic, although there are rules of thumb that can be applied. In some cases, to improve the understanding of readers, complex subjects may be split into more technical and less technical articles, such as in Evolution and Introduction to evolution.

Each article on Wikipedia must be able to stand alone as a self-contained unit (exceptions noted herein). For example, every article must follow the verifiability policy, which requires that all quotations and any material challenged or likely to be challenged be attributed to a reliable, published source in the form of an inline citation. This applies whether in a parent article or in a summary-style subarticle.

Naming conventions
Subarticles (not to be confused with subpages) of a summary-style article are one of a few instances where an exception to the common-names principle for article naming is sometimes acceptable.

Unless all subarticles of a summary-style article are fully compliant with the common-names principle, it is a good idea to provide a navigational template to connect the subarticles both among themselves and along with the summary-style parent article.

Non-notable topics and relocating material
Article and list topics must be notable, or "worthy of notice". Editors are cautioned not to immediately split articles if the new article would meet neither the general notability criteria nor the specific notability criteria for their topic. In this case, editors are encouraged to work on further developing the parent article first, locating coverage that applies to both the main topic and the subtopic. Through this process, it may become evident that subtopics or groups of subtopics can demonstrate their own notability, and thus can be split off into their own article. Also consider whether a concept can be cleanly trimmed, removed, or merged elsewhere on Wikipedia instead of creating a new article. Some topics are notable, but do not need their own article; see WP:NOPAGE.

If only a few sentences could be written and supported by sources about the subject, that subject does not qualify for a separate article, but should instead be merged into an article about a larger topic or relevant list. It is not uncommon for editors to suggest that articles nominated for deletion instead be merged into a parent article. Note that notability guidelines only outline how suitable a is for. They limit the  of an article or list because notability guidelines do not apply to article content.

POV forks
In applying summary style to articles, care must be taken to avoid a POV fork (that is, a split that results in either the original article or the spinoff violating NPOV policy), a difference in approach between the summary section and the spinoff article, etc. Note that this doesn't mean that an article treating one point of view is automatically considered a POV fork. A good example is Assassination of John F. Kennedy, which has a split or spinoff to John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories. However, certain types of content can be difficult to write neutrally in independent articles, such as "Criticism of..." articles (see WP:CSECTION essay), and if the subject is controversial it may also increase editors' maintenance burden.

Where an article has lots of subtopics with their own articles, remember that the sections of the parent article need to be appropriately balanced. Do not put undue weight into one part of an article at the cost of other parts. If one subtopic has much more text than another subtopic, that may be an indication that that subtopic should have its own page, with only a summary section left on the main page.

Synchronization
Sometimes editors will add details to a parent article without adding those facts to the more detailed child article. To keep articles synchronized, editors should first add any new material to the appropriate places in the child article, and, if appropriate, summarize the material in the parent article. If the child article changes considerably without updating the parent article, the summary of the child article in the parent article will need to be rewritten to do it justice. These problems may be tagged with Sync.

Since the lead of any article should be the best summary of the article, it can be convenient to use the subarticle's lead as the content in the summary section, with a main hatnote pointing to the subarticle. High-level or conceptual articles (such as Philosophy) are often composed mostly or entirely of summary sections, other than their own leads. Whether a detail is important enough to include in the lead of the detailed article is a good rule of thumb for whether it is important enough to be placed in the summary.

Using excerpts for article synchronization
Excerpts (a.k.a. selective transclusion) can be used to ensure that the content in the lead of a sub-article is perpetually synchronized with a summary-style section in its parent article.

In order to transclude the lead of a sub-article into a section of the parent article, replace all of the content in the relevant section of the parent article with the following wikitext markup:

Lead section
The lead section of an article is itself a summary of the article's content. When Wikipedia 1.0 was being discussed, one idea was that the lead section of the web version could be used as the paper version of the article. Summary style and news style can help make a concise introduction that works as a standalone article.

Further reading/external links
Summary style is a good way to give more structure to a long bibliography or list of external links. For example, the World War II summary-style article portrayed above could have a "Further reading" or "External links" section that treats the history of World War II as a whole, while a subarticle on the Pacific War could have "External links" containing works that deal with World War II in the Pacific region.

Templates

 * Template:Broader, a template used to create hatnotes to another article that discusses a subject more broadly, but is not a main article
 * Template:Main, a template used at the start of a summary section to point to the detailed article
 * Template:Excerpt, a template used to transclude the lead section of the detailed article, instead of writing a summary that is essentially a duplicate
 * Template:Major topic editnotice, an editnotice for articles on topics with many subtopic articles and that are at high risk of summary style violations
 * Template:See also, a template used at the top of article sections (excluding the lead) to create hatnotes to point to a small number of other related titles
 * Template:Split section, a cleanup message box suggesting a split
 * Template:Summary in, a template placed on the talk page of the summarized article to make the relationship explicit to editors
 * Template:Summarize, a template to be used when the Main template is being used without actually providing a summary of the subarticle
 * Template:Subarticle, a template that should be placed on the spinout article's talk page when Main is used on an article to add a link to a spinout article
 * Template:Sync, a template placed on the subarticle and the summary section when one has changed considerably without the other being changed. This is discussed more at.

title: Wikipedia:Summary style


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Puerto Montt

Puerto Montt (Mapuche: Meli Pulli) is a port city and commune in southern Chile, located at the northern end of the Reloncaví Sound in the Llanquihue Province, Los Lagos Region, 1,055 km to the south of the capital, Santiago. The commune spans an area of 1673 sqkm and has a population of 245,902 in 2017. It is bounded by the communes of Puerto Varas to the north, Cochamó to the east and southeast, Calbuco to the southwest and Maullín and Los Muermos to the west.

Founded as late as 1853 during the German colonization of southern Chile, Puerto Montt soon outgrew older neighboring cities through its strategic position at the southern end of the Chilean Central Valley being a gateway city into the Chiloé Archipelago, the Llanquihue and Nahuel Huapi lakes and Western Patagonia.

Puerto Montt has gained renown and grown significantly through the rise of Chile to become the second largest salmon producer of the world during the 1990s and 2000s. However, the Chilean salmon aquaculture crisis of the late 2000s resulted in severe unemployment and exposed weaknesses in the local economy. The city's cultural endowment mixes elements of Chilean-Spanish culture with a German heritage. The city has attracted a significant number of newcomers from all over Chile in the last 30 years in search of employment opportunities.

History
Originally, the site was covered by thick forest and was called Melipulli (which means "four hills" in Mapudungun). It was selected as an entrance to Lake Llanquihue when its proximity to the open sea was discovered. The expedition was entrusted to Bernardo Philippi, a German naturalist and cartographer, but after his death in 1851, Vicente Perez Rosales took over his duties, and by the end of September started to chop trees at Reloncaví sound using local woodsman coming from Huar, Maillen, Huelmo and Calbuco Mainly. By December, after the forest was cut down, the area was burned to clear the land in anticipation of completing the settlement plan. The city itself was founded on February 12, 1853, after government-sponsored immigration from Germany that began in 1848 populated the region and integrated it politically to the rest of the country. It was named after Manuel Montt, President of Chile between 1851 and 1861, who set in motion the German immigration.

In 1912, the city was connected by train to Santiago, making it an important point of entry into Chilean Patagonia and augmenting its commercial development. By 1950, it had a population of 27,500, and the city was rapidly urbanizing. However, the 1960 Valdivia earthquake destroyed much of Puerto Montt, collapsing the port and the train station along with many building and houses. Eventually the city recovered, becoming once again an important urban centre as well as a port of national interest.

1969 violence
At the start of March 1969, approximately 90 landless people received poor advice from Socialist Member of Parliament Luis Espinoza. The families were never granted land needed to build their homes. On March 4, 1969, the families settled on empty, unoccupied farmland owned by an absentee landlord. The families sought squatters' rights. Approximately four to five days after moving onto the land, the local Police Chief Rolando Rodríguez Marbán assured the squatters that they would not be disturbed, and could proceed with their home construction. Unfortunately, the Ministry of the Interior changed their orders, which led to tragic results.

On midnight on March 9, Luis Espinoza Socialist member of parliament was charged with breaking the law, arrested, and moved to the city of Valdivia, where he was held. Following direct orders from the Minister of Interior Edmundo Pérez Zujovic, 250 armed policemen launched an assault on the squatting families at dawn. Eight squatters were shot dead. Two squatters, a 9-month child and an adult later died from their wounds. The newly built homes were decimated. The massacre is poignantly memorialized by singer-songwriter Víctor Jara in his song Preguntas por Puerto Montt.

The massacre of Puerto Montt and the public outcry that followed were major factors contributing to the defeat of Eduardo Frei's party in the Chilean presidential election of 1970 which was succeeded by Salvador Allende's Unidad Popular.

Late 20th century
By 1979, Puerto Montt was nominated and later become the Capital of Los Lagos Region, thereby becoming the principal administrative, political and commercial centre of Southern Chile.

By 1982, the commune already reached 103,680 inhabitants. From the late 1980s, the city began to experience a new accelerated growth, both in population and in the economic sphere, mainly due to the installation of the industry Chilean salmon farm, of which Puerto Montt became its nerve center.

Demographics
According to the 2017 census, Puerto Montt has 245,902 inhabitants (121,019 men and 124,883 women), of which 25,759 live in rural areas and 220,143 live in urban areas. From 218,858 inhabitants in the 2012 census, the population grew by 12.36% (27,044 people).

Of the overall population, 52,483 belong to indigenous groups, with 50,247 being Mapuche, 314 Aymara people, 73 Rapa Nui people, 19 Lican Antai, 84 Quechua people, 27 Colla, 136 Diaguita, 114 Kawésqar, 38 Yahgan, 175 other and 1,256 declaring indigenous status but not identifying a group.

About 1.46% of the population (3,595 people) are immigrants, with 199 reporting originating from Peru, 596 from Colombia, 269 from Venezuela, 40 from Bolivia, 1,527 from Argentina, 44 from Haiti, 194 from Ecuador, 157 from South America, 153 from Central America and the Caribbean, 52 from North America, 242 from Europe, 83 from Asia, 16 from Africa, 6 from Oceania and 17 not declaring.

Climate
Puerto Montt has a wet oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb) with heavy rainfall throughout the year but a drying trend in the summer. Although temperatures are consistently below 25 C, frosts are very rare and occur only a couple of times per month in the winter. For the 41st parallel south, closer to the equator than to the South Pole, Puerto Montt is much cooler than areas further inland in terms of summer temperatures, due to cool ocean currents nearby. This is compounded by the lack of a sizeable landmass on those parallels in the southern hemisphere. That means that Puerto Montt has much cooler summers than areas at similar distances from the equator in the northern hemisphere.

Economy
Puerto Montt is the capital of the Los Lagos Region and the Llanquihue Province, and the main sea port at the lower end of Chile's western continental land. The city is the principal commercial, services, and financial hub of the Chilean Northern Patagonia—Zona Austral.

Puerto Montt is also the gateway to the Chiloé Archipelago and Chiloé Island across the Chacao Channel, and the many other smaller islands in Chile's inland Sea of Chiloé.

The city's economy is now based upon agriculture, cattle, and forestry on the surrounding islands, and fishing and salmon aquaculture in the fjords and nearby Pacific Ocean.

History
During the 19th century, before and after the founding of Puerto Montt, the extraction and commercialization of wood, mainly larch, was the main economic activity in the area. Other existing items since the creation of the city were, to a lesser extent, alcohol distilleries, grain oil factories, breweries and the sale of items imported from Germany or Valparaíso. Puerto Montt, as the capital, was vital in the entry and exit of merchandise to the area, since the seaway was the only way to get the products out - the train would only arrive in 1912. The city is configured as the hub of one of the largest salmon aquaculture industries in the world. Hatcheries, fisheries and packing plants are mostly located south of Puerto Montt. Fresh salmon is flown daily to world markets and frozen salmon is shipped by ocean to all destinations. The tremendous growth of the region, mainly due to the salmon industry, but also due to rapid expansion of forestry, cattle, and tourism, has proven the massive economic potential of Puerto Montt and its surrounding area.
 * Salmon aquaculture

Transport
El Tepual Airport is the main commercial airport serving the city. Three airlines operate regular flights to and from Santiago, Punta Arenas, Balmaceda, and Antofagasta. The airlines operating at the airport are LATAM Airlines (the country's largest), Sky Airline and JetSmart. The flight time to Santiago is approximately two hours.

Additionally, Marcel Marchant Aerodrome (La Paloma) connects the city with remote locations within the Patagonian Fjords.

Administration
As a commune, Puerto Montt is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an Alcalde with 10 councilors and represented in the Chamber of Deputies by 5 members and in the Senate by 2 people and with support of a Regional Council of 6 members.

Since 2012 the current Mayor has been Gervoy Paredes Rojas who was reelected at 2016 Municipal elections with an end term up to 2020 and the current members of the council are Fernado España España (PS), Sonia Hernandez Asencio (PS), Luis Matamala Almonacid (PDC), Veronica Sanchez Silva (PDC), Juan Carlos Cuitiño Uribe (GEP), Rodrigo Wainraihgt Galilea (RN), Fernando Orellana Perez (RN), Marcia Muñoz Cochifas (IND), Hector Ulloa Aguilera (PPD) and Leonardo Gonzales Saez (PPD).

Within the electoral division of Chile, representatives of Puerto Montt, District 26 (Puerto Montt, Cochamó, Maullín, Calbuco, Castro, Ancud, Quemchi, Dalcahue, Curaco de Vélez, Quinchao, Puqueldón, Chonchi, Queilén, Quellón, Chaitén, Hualaihué, Futaleufú and Palena) in the Chambers of Deputies 2018-2022 are Jenny Álvarez Vera (PS), Gabriel Ascencio Mansilla (PDC), Alejandro Santana Tirachini (RN), Carlos Kuschel Silva (RN) and Alejandro Bernales (Liberal Party). The current Representatives in the Senate period 2014-2022 are Rabindranath Quinteros Lara (PS) and Ivan Moreira Barros (UDI). Regional councilors members 2018-2022 are Ricardo Kuschel Silva (RN), Jaime Brahm Barril (RN), Juan Ortiz Roble (UDI), Manuel Rivera Altamirano (PS), Juan Carcamo Carcamo (PDC) and Valentina Alvarez (Ind/PPD).

Education
Puerto Montt has 175 registered schools varying from educational levels such as pre-school, primary school, secondary school, special school as well as technical-professional and adult schools.

 * Arabe Siria School is a Catholic, public school teaching from pre-school to primary school.
 * Alerce Rural School is a Catholic, public school from pre-school to primary school with some support to children with special needs.
 * Angelmo Elementary School is a public school with education levels from pre-school to primary school with support to children with special needs.
 * Adventist Private School is a religious, private and subsidized school owned by Seventh-day Adventist Church Corporation and teach from pre-school to primary school.
 * The British School Patagonia is part of Red de colegios Patagonia and a private and subsidized school, from pre-school to secondary school
 * Pumahue School, member of Cognita School is a private, non-subsidized school, from pre-school to secondary school.
 * Salesiano Padre Jose Fernández Perez, is a Catholic, private and subsided school, that ranging from pre-school to secondary school with support to children with special needs, as well as technical and adults school.
 * Deutsche Schule (German Institute) of Puerto Montt is a private, non-subsidized school member of DS CHILE "Association of German schools in Chile" with an international exchange and support from Germany, teaching from pre-school to secondary school.
 * Industrial Lyceum of Puerto Montt is a public, secondary school with a focus on technical professions.
 * Lafquen Montessori School, Known to use Montessori method is a private and subsidized school, from pre-school to secondary-school with support to children with special needs.
 * Mother Isabel Larragaña Adult school is a Catholic and Private school with a primary and secondary school program for adults.
 * Joaquin de los Andes Auditory and Language Special School is an holistic, private and subsidized school for pre-school children with SLI and Deafness.

Universities
 * Universidad de Los Lagos, Campus Puerto Montt (Chinquihue)
 * Universidad Austral de Chile (UACh), Campus Puerto Montt
 * Universidad San Sebastián, Campus Patagonia
 * Universidad Santo Tomás, Campus Puerto Montt

Notable people

 * Bordemar, group of folkloric music.
 * Raúl Ruiz, filmmaker.
 * Enrique Paris, physician and politician who served as Minister of Health of Chile between 2020 and 2022.
 * María Luisa Cordero, television presenter and psychologist.
 * Rodolfo Stange, politician and former senator, member of the Government Junta during the Military Dictatorship of Chile.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Puerto Montt


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Erick Erickson

Erick Woods Erickson (born June 3, 1975) is an American conservative talk radio host, blogger, and former politician. He hosts a three-hour weekday talk show on WSB 95.5 FM and 750 AM in Atlanta, which is syndicated to other radio stations around the U.S. He also writes a political blog called The Resurgent. Prior to this, he was editor-in-chief and CEO of another conservative political blog called RedState. He was a political contributor for CNN from 2010 to 2013, and afterwards was a contributor to the Fox News Channel before leaving the network in 2018.

Early life and career
Erick-Woods Erickson was born in Jackson in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, moved to Dubai, United Arab Emirates, when he was five and returned to Jackson when he was fifteen. Erickson attended the American School of Dubai, previously known as the Jumeirah American School. His father worked for Conoco Oil as an oil company production foreman. Erickson received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in Macon, Georgia, and a J.D. degree from Mercer University Walter F. George School of Law. He is an inactive member in good standing of the State Bar of Georgia. Erickson is a member of the Presbyterian Church in America.

Macon city council
Erickson was elected on November 6, 2007, to a four-year term as a Republican member of the Macon, Georgia city council. He resigned his office on February 16, 2011, partway through his first term to pursue a job with WSB radio in Atlanta; The Macon Telegraph noted his poor attendance as a council member before his resignation.

RedState
Before starting his own blog called The Resurgent, Erickson was a blogger on another right-wing website called RedState. In 2015, he served as its editor-in-chief and chief executive before resigning from the website later that year. Erickson's "Morning Briefing" e-mails grew from 498 subscribers when they began in February 2009 to nearly 70,000 by January 2010. The Washington Post noted that "The ability of a single e-mail to shape a message illustrates the power of the conservative network." The article described Erickson as one of the American conservative movement's "key national players".

Erickson wrote the "Confessions of a Political Junkie" blog and is former editor-in-chief of the "Peach Pundit" blog. In 2010, he co-authored a book called Red State Uprising: How to Take Back America with Lew Uhler. Later that month, Erickson said that growing up his parents refused to serve "Asian food" on December 7, the anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor. Erickson's mother appeared to deny the claim to a journalist. Erickson criticized the report, citing his mother's age.

In 2014, RedState was sold to Salem Media Group, who replaced Erickson. In December 2015, Erickson left his position at the site to focus on his radio show.

Television and radio
From 2010 to January 2013, Erickson was a political contributor at CNN. Erickson was a contributor to FOX News from 2013 to 2018. Erickson later alleged that Roger Ailes terminated his affiliation with the network because of his criticism of Senator Mitch McConnell.

In January 2011, Erickson began hosting a local evening radio show on WSB Radio 95.5/750, replacing Michael Savage. Erickson moved to the slot vacated by Herman Cain when he announced his 2012 presidential bid. In 2014 and 2015, Erickson guest-hosted the national broadcast of The Rush Limbaugh Show numerous times. Rush Limbaugh died on February 17, 2021, and Erickson took over the late host’s three-hour midday time slot in the Atlanta radio market in March 2021. Toward the end of Erickson's career at RedState, he began to increase his focus on his radio show, which is now syndicated by the Cox Media Group to other conservative talk radio stations around the U.S. He eventually quit the site to work on the radio program full-time.

The Resurgent
In January 2016, Erickson launched the conservative website The Resurgent.

Political views and controversies
The Daily Telegraph of London put Erickson on its "List of Most Influential US Conservatives", giving him a rank of 69th most influential in 2007 and 65th in 2010. According to the 2007 newspaper article: "Erickson epitomises the new power of the internet. A small-government fiscal and social conservative based in the South, he taps into and influences the Republican 'base' that the GOP's 2008 candidates are courting." According to The Atlantic, Erickson's conservatism is more traditional (as opposed to libertarian) and "deeply informed by his evangelical faith". Erickson emphasizes small government, strong national defense, and the primacy of the traditional family.

Donald Trump
During a CNN interview after a Republican Party debate hosted by Fox News on August 6, 2015, Donald Trump had said that Fox News anchor and debate co-moderator Megyn Kelly had "blood coming out of her eyes, blood coming out of her wherever" while questioning him during the debate. The next day, Erickson disinvited Trump from a RedState gathering held in Atlanta, calling Trump's remark "a bridge too far" and that even "blunt talkers and unprofessional politicians should not cross" certain lines, including decency. The following day, Trump released a statement stating that Erickson had a history of making controversial statements for which he has had to apologize, and that he, Trump, was an outsider who did not fit into Erickson's agenda.

Erickson described Trump as "a racist" and "a fascist", and insisted, "I will not vote for Donald Trump. Ever." In February 2019, Erickson endorsed Trump for re-election in the 2020 presidential election.

Gender
In 2013, Erickson was criticized by Elle Reeve in The Atlantic for saying in an interview on Fox Business Network that males dominate females in the "natural world" and it was only "science" for men to be the breadwinners for their families.

Guns
In December 2015, Erickson posted a picture of a bullet ridden copy of The New York Times that he had shot at. That day's edition contained a front-page editorial in favor of gun control.

Erickson spread a false story by RedState which claimed that 17-year old Parkland, Florida school shooting survivor David Hogg was not actually at the Parkland school when it was attacked. He later described Hogg as a "bully" after Hogg called for an advertiser boycott of right-wing Fox News host Laura Ingraham when she mocked him for not getting into a number of universities.

LGBT rights
In August 2017, Erickson was one of several co-authors of the so-called Nashville Statement, which affirmed "that it is sinful to approve of homosexual immorality or transgenderism and that such approval constitutes an essential departure from Christian faithfulness and witness." The statement, which was described as a "vicious, anti-LGBTQ manifesto" by the progressive activist group Human Rights Campaign, was attacked by some Christian leaders.

Attacks on public figures
In April 2009, Erickson described retiring Supreme Court Justice David Souter on his Twitter account as "the only goat fucking child molester to ever serve on the Supreme Court". In an appearance on The Colbert Report, Erickson said the statement was "not my finest hour." Erickson called Texas state senator Wendy Davis "Abortion Barbie". In a blog post, Erickson considered whether President Barack Obama was "shagging hookers" and wondered whether Michelle Obama (whom he called a "Marxist harpy") "would go Lorena Bobbit [sic] on him should he even think about it." Erickson argued that President Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize because of an "affirmative action quota." Erickson compared the Obama administration's health care communications director Linda Douglass to Nazi propagandist Joseph Goebbels.

Augusto Pinochet
In November 2018, Erickson tweeted that foreign aid to Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador and Mexico would be more effectively spent installing "Pinochet types" in these countries. He added that the US should "support strong leaders who support free market reforms and promote economic stability, even if with a heavy hand". When challenged on this proposal, Erickson replied "I'm hoping for some helicopters in this plan", a reference to the Death flights in Chile during Pinochet's regime.

Kathryn Sikkink, a professor in International Relations at the Harvard Kennedy School, responded to Erickson's remarks. She noted that "Pinochet was a Chilean dictator who committed massive human rights abuses," and that Erickson got the "facts exactly backward. Recent history and social science don't show that authoritarian regimes stop people from fleeing across borders. They show that they make more people want to flee."

title: Erick Erickson


text:
Talk:Erick Erickson

Middle name?
Does anyone know what Erick Erickson's middle name is? I think it might be Erick. Art Cancro (talk) 22:08, 23 February 2017 (UTC)

Potential Vandalism/Non-Neutrality
So do we even want to bother flagging this page for obvious non-neutrality? 65.196.2.220 (talk) 18:35, 16 April 2010 (UTC) stray

 * Amazingly enough, quoting the actual, notable statements made by the subject of a biographical article is not non-neutral. You're welcome to add other notable statements Erickson has made if you feel that any non-crazy-sounding public statements he's made would provide better POV balance, but deleting sourced, relevant and notable material with cited reliable sources is not acceptable. (Also, if you're going to revert, at least do it the right way.) You could also put an NPOV flag on it -- it's Wikipedia, be bold, so long as you're following policy otherwise -- but you should be aware that your actions seem more in violation of the NPOV policy than anyone else's recent edits for this page. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.209.175.51 (talk) 02:38, 18 April 2010 (UTC)

 * ":Amazingly enough, quoting the actual, notable statements made by the subject of a biographical article is not non-neutral. You're welcome to add other notable statements Erickson has made if you feel that any non-crazy-sounding public statements he's made would provide better POV balance, but deleting sourced, relevant and notable material with cited reliable sources is not acceptable.
 * What happened to all these quotes? Shouldn't there be a warning about how biased the article is, given that there all the notable statments Erickson made and are sourced? Particularly since he is actually hired as an inflammatory speaker in the first place. I can see that the effort it takes to remove the inflammatory remarks of erikson is much easier than bringing them up with all the right and direct sources. Doesn't that make it harder for anyone to provide burden of proof by just dismissing it (no true scotsman fallacy) as wrong without even a technical reason why the the information is technically wrong. Anything can be considered "Vandalism" even if vandalism is the only reason to take down quotes erikson actually said in his Blog and Read back to him by CNN. The claim is not anymore the veracity of the quotes but what counts as vandalism, proof it is vandalism must be provided. Justinian1979 (talk) 02:29, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

Different day, same problem: Vandalism is vandalism
Okay, people: vandalism defaming this guy is not better than vandalism protecting him. It's still vandalism. If you want to find a less-than-flattering photo which can be used on Wikipedia (i.e. is in public domain, Wiki-compatible Creative Commons, your own work, or fair use) and add it to this stub, that would be fine. Beneficial, even. The Internet Celebrity infobox may even be the best choice of templates. But please don't add deliberately false information (e.g. a birthdate making him appear to still be in high school), or bigoted insulting "jokes" along the lines of that fatphobic P90X remark. I don't want to see any photos of dodo birds or steaming turds on this article, either. (Well, unless Erickson makes them directly relevant.) It's annoying enough having to revert vandalism by tunnel-visioned right-wing extremists; neither I nor anybody else should have to revert vandalism to this article by tunnel-visioned left-wing extremists, either. Either improve the article or leave it alone. Defend or defame him on your blog, or any of a thousand other fora on the internet; not here. --76.209.175.51 (talk) 00:54, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

Erickson is defined by his statements
I included several of Erickson's defining statements, and they were reverted. Here's my rebuttal as to why thy should be included:

Erickson is his words, his statements. He's a pundit - all he has are his words. He doesn't introduce legislation. He doesn't govern anything. He writes and speaks. So, his words are the single most important part of who he is. If you don't include his signature statements in the profile, then it is not a complete profile. I added those comments because they seem to be defining statements and were widely picked up in the media. I think we could drop some of them, but it's important to recognize that his statements define him and his place in political punditry. He's very similar to Rush Limbaugh, and we include Limbaugh's defining remarks, because without them, we don't have a very clear picture of who he is. At a bare minimum, I think we should include the repeated sexist remarks. If a regular contributor to CNN makes repeated sexist remarks, that seems like something that is relevant to who he is. I think the comments about Obama being a racist are also relevant. But it isn't just the sexist and racist comments that define him. It's his tone. There is no other CNN contributor who uses language such as "kowtowing to Barack Obama's worshippers, brownshirts, goons, and thugs." He's very different from his colleagues, and it's important to highlight that difference.Jasonnewyork (talk) 14:53, 14 April 2012 (UTC)

If there is no response to this, I'll revert to the original comments in the article and take out the less important ones.Jasonnewyork (talk) 20:33, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Sorry I didn't respond before. Your argument unfortunately is not sound. All writers, pundits, playwrights, journalists, etc. are defined by their words. That does not mean that our articles on these people should just become a dumping ground of everything they've ever said. More importantly, we can't cherry-pick the ones that we think are interesting (since, in almost all cases, "interesting" hides POV-pushing). If something he said was widely discussed in independent, reliable sources, we can report on that (though even that needs to be handled with respect to WP:NPOV and WP:DUE). But the goal is not to get in everything that you think represents his tone. Qwyrxian (talk) 02:53, 19 April 2012 (UTC)

Marital status?
The article doesn't mention a spouse ... is this an omission, or may we infer he's single? --Tbanderson (talk) 20:50, 31 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Today, Erick Erickson substituted on the Rush Limbaugh Show and mention that his wife is a great cook and that they have a son and a daughter. So the answer is, "Yes married, and not single", with two young children.— Charles Edwin Shipp (talk) 20:43, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

Place of birth?
Hi, I don't edit Wikipedia much and so don't know how to work the infoboxes, but I noticed that the body of the article says Erickson was born in Jackson, LA, but the infobox says he was born in Zachary, LA. Can someone with more savvy than me fix it? 157.166.159.230 (talk) 17:09, 20 March 2014 (UTC)
 * The first step is to authoritatively assess "where was Erick Erickson born?" — Charles Edwin Shipp (talk) 12:39, 23 April 2014 (UTC)
 * I guess we could send him an eMail note and ask him. :-) ;-) — Charles Edwin Shipp (talk) 12:40, 23 April 2014 (UTC)

I would vote to leave the references as they are. If you look at the Wikipedia article for Jackson,_Louisiana and then for Zachary,_Louisiana the locating dots on the map are the same. With Google searches, the only thing I can find out is: (1) Wikipedia says where he was born; and (2) There is a phycologist with a similar name, born in Germany. — Charles Edwin Shipp (talk) 12:58, 23 April 2014 (UTC)

More "Erick Erickson" information
In searching for the authoritative birth place, I found this great ref: "The London Telegraph named Erickson the sixty-fifth most influential conservative in America in 2010. He is co-author of the book RedState Uprising. Each weekday morning, Erickson writes his “Morning Briefing” email, widely considered a must read among conservative pundits and activists. “The ability of [Erickson's Morning Briefing] to shape a message illustrates the power of the conservative network,” according to Washington Post. The Hollywood Reporter describes Erickson as “the most influential conservative blogger on the Internet.”  Erick Erickson earned a Bachelor of Arts with honors at Mercer University in Macon, Georgia, majoring in History and Political Science. He earned his juris doctorate at Mercer’s Walter F. George School of Law.  Erickson and his family reside outside the beltway in Macon, Georgia where he is a former Macon city councilman. He can be followed on Twitter and Facebook at ewerickson." [There is more, FYI.] — Charles Edwin Shipp (talk) 12:50, 23 April 2014 (UTC)

Time to Lock?
As it stands, with the absolute foot Erickson has placed upon his mouth, it may be time to lock the page to prevent angry hordes from pillaging this page until such a time as...next Thursday or so, give or take a month, despite how well deserved said hordes may allegedly be in this edit's opinion. 76.125.252.80 (talk) 06:09, 20 June 2015 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 August 2015
Radiantgrace (talk) 12:11, 8 August 2015 (UTC) I would like you to please remove the expletive "f" word from this article. There are children who read these sites or see what adults are reading and I believe that it should be family friendly. I also don't like reading these in articles either. We get the point across if the word expletive was put in its place or the symbols. The expletive word is found under the heading Controversy.

Thank you,

 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: WP:NOTCENSORED. Using the symbols in a quote might mislead readers into thinking that Erickson used the symbols, which he did not. Cannolis (talk) 17:23, 8 August 2015 (UTC)

Order of the subsections
The order of the subsections doesn't seem right. Here's what they are: 1 Biography 2 CNN and Fox News contributor 3 Nikki Haley gubernatorial bid 4 George Allen 2012 Senate bid 5 Rescinding of an Invitation to Donald Trump to Attend a RedState Gathering 6 Radio show 7 Other works 8 Controversy 9 Notes 10 External links I think it makes more sense to have them like this: 1 Biography 2 CNN and Fox News contributor 3 Other works 4 Nikki Haley gubernatorial bid 5 George Allen 2012 Senate bid 6 Radio show 7 Rescinding of an Invitation to Donald Trump to Attend a RedState Gathering 8 Controversy 9 Notes 10 External links My reasoning is as follows: Thoughts? JoeSperrazza (talk) 15:28, 9 August 2015 (UTC)
 * Biography stays as the first item
 * 2-7 are in chronological order
 * 8, 9, 10 are in standard order

 * Fine with me.Television fan (talk) 18:30, 9 August 2015 (UTC)

Trumps Remark's and "Red"
Came here looking for clarity and found none. As I understand it, Trump didn't like the "hostile" question from Megan Kelly, and said something about blood coming from "eyes" and "wherever" and from what I've read the anti-Trump consensus is that he meant to imply that she was menstruating (typical bitchy female on her period stereotype) and that is the reason Erickson's tighty-whiteys are in a knot. But I find no evidence that indicates that interpretation was what he meant, so to ban the leading Republican candidate for what some people THINK he meant seems rather odd. I understand that WP is "not news", but at the same time, these kinds of furors make getting simple information difficult. Is there something reliably known and factual that can at least create a context to put this controversy into, because as it stands right now the leader of the Republican Party is being excluded from debates and no one (not even Wikipedia) can explain why.Jonny Quick (talk) 06:54, 23 August 2015 (UTC)
 * It got coverage by the news media, so its notable enough to put in his article. Donald Trump responded to him even.  Was this a debate?  What it a major gathering?  Or just something minor, a party the guy was hosting which Trump probably wouldn't have bothered going to anyway?   D r e a m Focus  15:40, 23 August 2015 (UTC)

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New York Times essay
Here's a surprising essay he wrote in the NYT. After facing death, and facing his wife's death, and decide what kind of fnal message to leave his children, he had to reassess his life. He decided that the most important message of his life was that we have to reach out to those we disagree with -- and the best way to do it is to invite them to dinner. (It might take a bit of work to make this short enough to fit into the article.)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/30/opinion/erick-erickson-common-ground.html Erick Erickson: How to Find Common Ground By ERICK-WOODS ERICKSON New York Times SEPT. 30, 2017

Even as the internet provides us great advances, it also segments us....

The truth, though, is that our Facebook friends are probably not going to water our flowers while we are on vacation and our Twitter followers will not bring us a meal if we are sick. But the actual human being next door might do both if we meet him....

This is what I want my children to know if I should die before they wake. The kitchen table is the most important tool they have to reshape their community. Preparing a home-cooked meal and inviting people over, both those we know and those we want to know, forces us to find common ground.

Not everything should be political, and we can only make everything political when we decide the other side is evil just because they disagree with us. We can see the world only in this polarized way if we never take the time to know anyone on the other side, if we never find ways to build friendship despite our differences.

Every person has an interesting story to tell. I want my children to know my story. But I also want them to know that the stranger next door has one, too, and that even if they disagree on much, they can still be friends.

We may also never find that common ground with people whose politics or faith conflicts with ours. But we owe it to one another to disagree agreeably, without anger or intimidation, whether on a front porch or a Facebook page. A little more grace among us all would go a long way toward healing the nation.

--Nbauman (talk) 18:03, 1 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Information about his health, and the harassment he faced for not supporting Trump, should be in the article. I just added a brief mention of his book.  Its already out on Amazon.   D r e a m Focus  18:28, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

AfD Nomination - October 10, 2019
Based onWP:JOURNALIST it isn't clear if Erick Erickson is "regarded as an important figure or is widely cited by peers or successors," as none of the other categories apply for WP:BIO. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:5C2:4380:6380:FDCD:863B:69D2:EBF1 (talk) 23:19, 10 October 2019 (UTC)

 * I've removed the redlinked AFD tag in favor of discussion here. There are quite a few sources that seem to discuss the subject (as opposed to being authored by him), which suggests that there is some level of notability in play. UltraExactZZ Said~ Did 13:27, 11 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Erick Erickson


text: Category:Military of Zimbabwe

title: Category:Military of Zimbabwe


text:
Mountbatten pink

Mountbatten pink, also called Plymouth Pink, is a naval camouflage colour resembling greyish mauve. It was first used by Lord Mountbatten of the British Royal Navy during World War II. After noticing a Union-Castle Line ship with a similar camouflage colour disappearing from sight, he applied the colour to his own ships, believing the colour would render his ships difficult to see during dawn and dusk. While the colour was met with anecdotal success, it was judged by experts to be equivalent to neutral greys at best and would make ships with the colour more obvious at worst.

History
In 1940, while escorting a convoy, Lord Mountbatten noted that one ship in the group vanished from view much earlier than the remainder. The ship, a Union-Castle liner, was painted lavender mauve grey. Mountbatten thus became convinced of the colour's effectiveness as a camouflage during dawn and dusk, often dangerous times for ships, and had all of the destroyers of his flotilla painted with a similar pigment, which he created by mixing a medium grey with a small amount of Venetian red. By early 1941, several other ships began using the same camouflage, though no formal testing was done to determine how well it worked.

A later refinement of the basic Mountbatten pink camouflage was the use of a slightly lighter tone of the same colour for the upper structures of the ship. By the end of 1942, however, all vessels of destroyer size and larger had dispensed with Mountbatten pink, although it is believed that smaller vessels retained this colour until well into 1944. The primary problem with Mountbatten pink was that it stood out around midday, when the sky was no longer pink, and the traditional battleship grey was much less visible.

The US Navy had experimented with a similar shade of paint as well, and at least one ship, the USS Winslow, received such a paint scheme.

The Kriegsmarine likewise experimented with a light pink shade. The Royal Navy prisoner interrogation report of crew rescued from S 147, a Schnellboot sunk in the English Channel in April 1944, states they believed the boat's overall pink shade was effective.

Usefulness
One of the anecdotal and possibly apocryphal tales told in support of Mountbatten pink was the story of the cruiser HMS Kenya (nicknamed "The Pink Lady" at the time due to her Mountbatten pink paint), which during Operation Archery covered a commando raid against installations on Vågsøy Island off the Norwegian coast. The Germans fired on the Kenya for several minutes with coastal guns but she sustained only minor damage from near misses. This was attributed to her Mountbatten pink camouflage blending in with the pink marker dye the Germans were using in their shells, preventing German spotters from distinguishing between shell splashes and the ship. Stories like this, and personal experience of ships with the colour disappearing from view, made crews of ships with the colour notable supporters.

Camouflage experts have noted that the colour may make ships more obvious as a result of the Purkinje effect. These experts also often complained about uncontrolled mixing, which could result in mixtures containing more red than intended; such a mixture could be disastrous, as ships with even the slightest red tone attracted more attention than those with an equivalent tone of blue in almost every light level. An Admiralty handbook concluded that the paint was "neither more nor less effective in sea-going camouflage than neutral greys of equivalent tone; and, further, that if the red content were high enough for the particular characteristics of red to have any effect, the colour would generally hinder rather than aid concealment".

title: Mountbatten pink


text:
EFF DES cracker

In cryptography, the EFF DES cracker (nicknamed "Deep Crack") is a machine built by the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) in 1998, to perform a brute force search of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher's key space – that is, to decrypt an encrypted message by trying every possible key. The aim in doing this was to prove that the key size of DES was not sufficient to be secure.

Detailed technical data of this machine, including block diagrams, circuit schematics, VHDL source code of the custom chips and its emulator, have all been published in the book Cracking DES. Its public domain license allows everyone to freely copy, use, or modify its design. To avoid the export regulation on cryptography by the US Government, the source code was distributed not in electronic form but as a hardcopy book, of which the open publication is protected by the First Amendment. Machine-readable metadata is provided to facilitate the transcription of the code into a computer via OCR by readers.

Background
DES uses a 56-bit key, meaning that there are 256 possible keys under which a message can be encrypted. This is exactly 72,057,594,037,927,936, or approximately 72 quadrillion possible keys. One of the major criticisms of DES, when proposed in 1975, was that the key size was too short. Martin Hellman and Whitfield Diffie of Stanford University estimated that a machine fast enough to test that many keys in a day would have cost about $20 million in 1976, an affordable sum to national intelligence agencies such as the US National Security Agency. Subsequent advances in the price/performance of chips kept reducing that cost until, twenty years later, it became affordable for even a small nonprofit organization such as the EFF to mount a realistic attack.

The DES challenges
DES was a federal standard, and the US government encouraged the use of DES for all non-classified data. RSA Security wished to demonstrate that DES's key length was not enough to ensure security, so they set up the DES Challenges in 1997, offering a monetary prize. The first DES Challenge was solved in 96 days by the DESCHALL Project led by Rocke Verser in Loveland, Colorado. RSA Security set up DES Challenge II-1, which was solved by distributed.net in 39 days in January and February 1998.

In 1998, the EFF built Deep Crack (named in reference to IBM's Deep Blue chess computer) for less than $250,000. In response to DES Challenge II-2, on July 15, 1998, Deep Crack decrypted a DES-encrypted message after only 56 hours of work, winning $10,000. The brute force attack showed that cracking DES was actually a very practical proposition. Most governments and large corporations could reasonably build a machine like Deep Crack.

Six months later, in response to RSA Security's DES Challenge III, and in collaboration with distributed.net, the EFF used Deep Crack to decrypt another DES-encrypted message, winning another $10,000. This time, the operation took less than a day – 22 hours and 15 minutes. The decryption was completed on January 19, 1999. In October of that year, DES was reaffirmed as a federal standard, but this time the standard recommended Triple DES.

The small key space of DES and relatively high computational costs of Triple DES resulted in its replacement by AES as a Federal standard, effective May 26, 2002.

Technology
Deep Crack was designed by Cryptography Research, Inc., Advanced Wireless Technologies, and the EFF. The principal designer was Paul Kocher, president of Cryptography Research. Advanced Wireless Technologies built 1,856 custom ASIC DES chips (called Deep Crack or AWT-4500), housed on 29 circuit boards of 64 chips each. The boards were then fitted in six cabinets and mounted in a Sun-4/470 chassis. The search was coordinated by a single PC which assigned ranges of keys to the chips. The entire machine was capable of testing over 90 billion keys per second. It would take about 9 days to test every possible key at that rate. On average, the correct key would be found in half that time.

In 2006, another custom hardware attack machine was designed based on FPGAs. COPACOBANA (COst-optimized PArallel COdeBreaker) is able to crack DES at considerably lower cost. This advantage is mainly due to progress in integrated circuit technology.

In July 2012, security researchers David Hulton and Moxie Marlinspike unveiled a cloud computing tool for breaking the MS-CHAPv2 protocol by recovering the protocol's DES encryption keys by brute force. This tool effectively allows members of the general public to recover a DES key from a known plaintext–ciphertext pair in about 24 hours.

title: EFF DES cracker


text: Category:Military of the Netherlands

title: Category:Military of the Netherlands


text:
Caulobacter crescentus

Caulobacter crescentus is a Gram-negative, oligotrophic bacterium widely distributed in fresh water lakes and streams. The taxon is more properly known as Caulobacter vibrioides (Henrici and Johnson 1935).

C. crescentus is an important model organism for studying the regulation of the cell cycle, asymmetric cell division, and cellular differentiation. Caulobacter daughter cells have two very different forms. One daughter is a mobile "swarmer" cell that has a single flagellum at one cell pole that provides swimming motility for chemotaxis. The other daughter, called the "stalked" cell, has a tubular stalk structure protruding from one pole that has an adhesive holdfast material on its end, with which the stalked cell can adhere to surfaces. Swarmer cells differentiate into stalked cells after a short period of motility. Chromosome replication and cell division only occurs in the stalked cell stage.

C. crescentus derives its name from its crescent shape, which is caused by the protein crescentin. It is an interesting organism to study because it inhabits nutrient-poor aquatic environments. Their ability to thrive in low levels of nutrients is facilitated by its dimorphic developmental cycle. The swarmer cell has a flagellum that protrudes from a single pole and is unable to initiate DNA replication unless differentiated into a stalked cell. The differentiation process includes a morphological transition characterized by ejection of its flagellum and growth of a stalk at the same pole. Stalked cells can elongate and replicate their DNA while growing a flagellum at the opposite pole, giving rise to a pre-divisional cell. Although the precise function of stalks is still being investigated, it is likely that the stalks are involved in the uptake of nutrients in nutrient-limited conditions. Its use as a model originated with developmental biologist Lucy Shapiro.

Strains
In the laboratory, researchers distinguish between C. crescentus strain CB15 (the strain originally isolated from a freshwater lake) and NA1000 (the primary experimental strain). In strain NA1000, which was derived from CB15 in the 1970s, the stalked and predivisional cells can be physically separated in the laboratory from new swarmer cells, while cell types from strain CB15 cannot be physically separated. The isolated swarmer cells can then be grown as a synchronized cell culture. Detailed study of the molecular development of these cells as they progress through the cell cycle has enabled researchers to understand Caulobacter cell cycle regulation in great detail. Due to this capacity to be physically synchronized, strain NA1000 has become the predominant experimental Caulobacter strain throughout the world. Additional phenotypic differences between the two strains have subsequently accumulated due to selective pressures on the NA1000 strain in the laboratory environment. The genetic basis of the phenotypic differences between the two strains results from coding, regulatory, and insertion/deletion polymorphisms at five chromosomal loci. C. crescentus is synonymous with Caulobacter vibrioides.

Genomics
The Caulobacter CB15 genome has 4,016,942 base pairs in a single circular chromosome encoding 3,767 genes. The genome contains multiple clusters of genes encoding proteins essential for survival in a nutrient-poor habitat. Included are those involved in chemotaxis, outer membrane channel function, degradation of aromatic ring compounds, and the breakdown of plant-derived carbon sources, in addition to many extracytoplasmic function sigma factors, providing the organism with the ability to respond to a wide range of environmental fluctuations. In 2010, the Caulobacter NA1000 strain was sequenced and all differences with the CB15 "wild type" strain were identified.

Role of the swarmer cell stage
The Caulobacter stalked cell stage provides a fitness advantage by anchoring the cell to surfaces to form biofilms and or to exploit nutrient sources. Generally, the bacterial species that divides fastest will be most effective at exploiting resources and effectively occupying ecological niches. Yet, Caulobacter has the swarmer cell stage that results in slower population growth. The swarmer cell is thought to provide cell dispersal, so that the organism constantly seeks out new environments. This may be particularly useful in severely nutrient-limited environments when the scant resources available can be depleted very quickly. Many, perhaps most, of the swarmer daughter cells will not find a productive environment, but the obligate dispersal stage must increase the reproductive fitness of the species as a whole.

Cell cycle
The Caulobacter cell cycle regulatory system controls many modular subsystems that organize the progression of cell growth and reproduction. A control system constructed using biochemical and genetic logic circuitry organizes the timing of initiation of each of these subsystems. The central feature of the cell cycle regulation is a cyclical genetic circuit—a cell cycle engine—that is centered around the successive interactions of five master regulatory proteins: DnaA, GcrA, CtrA, SciP, and CcrM whose roles were worked out by the laboratories of Lucy Shapiro and Harley McAdams. These five proteins directly control the timing of expression of over 200 genes. The five master regulatory proteins are synthesized and then eliminated from the cell one after the other over the course of the cell cycle. Several additional cell signaling pathways are also essential to the proper functioning of this cell cycle engine. The principal role of these signaling pathways is to ensure reliable production and elimination of the CtrA protein from the cell at just the right times in the cell cycle.

An essential feature of the Caulobacter cell cycle is that the chromosome is replicated once and only once per cell cycle. This is in contrast to the E. coli cell cycle where there can be overlapping rounds of chromosome replication simultaneously underway. The opposing roles of the Caulobacter DnaA and CtrA proteins are essential to the tight control of Caulobacter chromosome replication. The DnaA protein acts at the origin of replication to initiate the replication of the chromosome. The CtrA protein, in contrast, acts to block initiation of replication, so it must be removed from the cell before chromosome replication can begin. Multiple additional regulatory pathways integral to cell cycle regulation and involving both phospho signaling pathways and regulated control of protein proteolysis act to assure that DnaA and CtrA are present in the cell just exactly when needed.

Each process activated by the proteins of the cell cycle engine involve a cascade of many reactions. The longest subsystem cascade is DNA replication. In Caulobacter cells, replication of the chromosome involves about 2 million DNA synthesis reactions for each arm of the chromosome over 40 to 80 min depending on conditions. While the average time for each individual synthesis reaction can be estimated from the observed average total time to replicate the chromosome, the actual reaction time for each reaction varies widely around the average rate. This leads to a significant and inevitable cell-to-cell variation time to complete replication of the chromosome. There is similar random variation in the rates of progression of all the other subsystem reaction cascades. The net effect is that the time to complete the cell cycle varies widely over the cells in a population even when they all are growing in identical environmental conditions. Cell cycle regulation includes feedback signals that pace progression of the cell cycle engine to match progress of events at the regulatory subsystem level in each particular cell. This control system organization, with a controller (the cell cycle engine) driving a complex system, with modulation by feedback signals from the controlled system creates a closed loop control system.

The rate of progression of the cell cycle is further adjusted by additional signals arising from cellular sensors that monitor environmental conditions (for example, nutrient levels and the oxygen level) or the internal cell status (for example, presence of DNA damage).

Evolutionary conservation of the cell cycle control system
The control circuitry that directs and paces Caulobacter cell cycle progression involves the entire cell operating as an integrated system. The control circuitry monitors the environment and the internal state of the cell, including the cell topology, as it orchestrates activation of cell cycle subsystems and Caulobacter crescentus asymmetric cell division. The proteins of the Caulobacter cell cycle control system and its internal organization are co-conserved across many alphaproteobacteria species, but there are great differences in the regulatory apparatus' functionality and peripheral connectivity to other cellular subsystems from species to species. The Caulobacter cell cycle control system has been exquisitely optimized by evolutionary selection as a total system for robust operation in the face of internal stochastic noise and environmental uncertainty.

The bacterial cell's control system has a hierarchical organization. The signaling and the control subsystem interfaces with the environment by means of sensory modules largely located on the cell surface. The genetic network logic responds to signals received from the environment and from internal cell status sensors to adapt the cell to current conditions. A major function of the top level control is to ensure that the operations involved in the cell cycle occur in the proper temporal order. In Caulobacter, this is accomplished by the genetic regulatory circuit composed of five master regulators and an associated phospho-signaling network. The phosphosignaling network monitors the state of progression of the cell cycle and plays an essential role in accomplishing asymmetric cell division. The cell cycle control system manages the time and place of the initiation of chromosome replication and cytokinesis as well as the development of polar organelles. Underlying all these operations are the mechanisms for production of protein and structural components and energy production. The “housekeeping” metabolic and catabolic subsystems provide the energy and the molecular raw materials for protein synthesis, cell wall construction and other operations of the cell. The housekeeping functions are coupled bidirectionally to the cell cycle control system. However, they can adapt, somewhat independently of the cell cycle control logic, to changing composition and levels of the available nutrient sources.

The proteins of the Caulobacter cell cycle control system are widely co-conserved across the alphaproteobacteria, but the ultimate function of this regulatory system varies widely in different species. These evolutionary changes reflect enormous differences between the individual species in fitness strategies and ecological niches. For example, Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen, Brucella abortus is an animal pathogen, and Sinorhizobium meliloti is a soil bacterium that invades, and becomes a symbiont in, plant root nodules that fix nitrogen yet most of the proteins of the Caulobacter cell cycle control are also found in these species. The specific coupling between the protein components of the cell cycle control network and the downstream readout of the circuit differ from species to species. The pattern is that the internal functionality of the network circuitry is conserved, but the coupling at the “edges” of the regulatory apparatus to the proteins controlling specific cellular functions differs widely among the different species.

The evolution of stalk positioning in the Caulobacter clade
Caulobacter crescentus is a member of a group of bacteria that possess the stalk structure, a tubular extension from the cell body. However, the positioning of the stalk is not necessarily conserved at the pole of the cell body in different closely related species. Specifically, research has shown that not only the position of the stalk can change, but the number can vary as well in the closely related genus Asticcacaulis. SpmX, a polarly localized protein in Caulobacter crescentus, has been shown to manipulate stalk positioning in these Asticcacaulis species. Presumably, It does so by a gain of function after protein expansion from around 400 amino acids in Caulobacter crescentus to more than 800 amino acids in Asticcacaulis species.

Caulobacter aging
Caulobacter was the first asymmetric bacterium shown to age. Reproductive senescence was measured as the decline in the number of progeny produced over time. On the basis of experimental evolution studies in C. crescentus, Ackermann et al. suggested that aging is probably a fundamental property of all cellular organisms. A similar phenomenon has since been described in the bacterium Escherichia coli, which gives rise to morphologically similar daughter cells.

Cell polarity regulation
In C. crescentus, cell polarity is readily apparent by the assembly of polar organelles and by the polarization of the division plane, which results in the generation of stalked progeny that are longer than swarmer progeny. The formation of new cell poles at division implies that cell polarity must be re-established in the stalked progeny and reversed in the swarmer progeny.

The C. crescentus life cycle is governed by regulators such as TipN, a cell cycle protein. Yale University's data strongly suggest a model in which TipN regulates the orientation of the polarity axis by providing a positional cue from the preceding cell cycle. In this model TipN specifies the site of the most recent division by identifying the new pole. The cell uses this positional information as a source of intracellular asymmetry to establish and maintain the orientation of the polarity axis, which is crucial for polar morphogenesis and division. Recruitment of TipN to the nascent poles at the end of the division cycle redefines the identity of the poles and resets the correct polarity in both future daughter cells (with a polarity reversal in the swarmer cell). The cell cycle–regulated synthesis and removal of these polarly localized structures have provided a rich playground for the identification of landmark proteins important for their proper localization. TipN has two transmembrane regions in the N-terminal region and a large C-terminal coiled-coil domain. TipN homologues are present in other alpha-proteobacteria. TipN localizes to the new pole in both daughter cells after division and relocalizes to the cell division site in the late predivisional cell. Therefore, both daughter cells have TipN at the new pole after division.

The landmark protein TipN is essential for the proper placement of the flagellum. Mutants lacking TipN make serious mistakes in development. Instead of making a single flagellum at the correct cell pole, the cell makes multiple flagella at various locations, even on the stalk. Cell development involves many such proteins working together. Fig#1 shows how TipN interact with two other polar proteins : the flagellar marker PodJ, and the stalk marker DivJ.

title: Caulobacter crescentus


text:
Talk:Ed Asner

Untitled
Someone should mention his massive amount of voice over work for cartoons. He was "Granny Goodness"! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sparky (talk • contribs) 02:22, 18 July 2004 (UTC)

Could you stop deleting this? This is a notable and verifiable view she has, why are you deleting her views, and her apearance on a notable tv show? --Striver 06:17, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

Why are the Mumia references edited. They happen to be true. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 146.145.92.27 (talk) 21:28, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Because (a.) they are uncited, and (b.) as phrased, they repeatedly and clearly represent a point of view and are intended to influence opinion and as such are inappropriate for WP. If you wish to submit UNBIASED information, then word it so that your bias doesn't show and provide a citation.  Until then, these repeated attempts to slant opinion one way or the other will be deleted. Monkeyzpop 06:09, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

Ed Asner - local relatives
Ron Gold - cousin Labe Asner - brother ? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.136.213.160 (talk) 15:19, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

Yitzak/Yitzhak?
This says his birth name is Yitzak Eddie Asner. Googling, I find there are many websites that support his birth name as either Yitzak or Yitzhak. Others, however, such as IMDB, say nothing about the Yitzak name, and say that Ed is not short for Eddie but for Edward. What's the truth? -- JackofOz 00:28, 5 June 2007 (UTC)
 * That list is now gone, but there are still multiple online refs to Yitzak or Yitzhak. --   Jack of Oz   [your turn]  01:35, 21 August 2011 (UTC)

Feuds with Charlton Heston
Heard Charlton Heston died today and was reading a little bit about him and I noticed it mentioned many conflicting feuds with Ed Asner regarding his political views, thought it would be a good idea to maybe add something about it as I came here to find a little more information on it.--Papajohnin (talk) 08:08, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

My Grandma Knows This Guy —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.44.146.233 (talk) 00:37, 4 July 2008 (UTC)

Use of the 911ct template on the article's page
Hi — I have included the following template on the article's page, because Ed Asner has been (and is currently) included in the list of "Notable proponents and supporters" of alternative theories on 9/11. In his letter addressed to peace and justice activists, which is cited in the article, he states: In the letter, Ed Asner urges an investigation into the possible complicity of high-ranking U.S. officials in the 9/11 event. As the template has just been deleted from the page, I'm starting this talk page discussion so that we can build consensus on whether it should or should not be included in the article. Cs32en 05:00, 30 April 2009 (UTC)
 * "the 9-11 truth movement is the most pressing issue of the peace & justice movement today"
 * "I urge all to read "The New Pearl Harbor: Disturbing Questions About the Bush Administration and 9/11" by David Ray Griffin"

Asner's own words re his real name
The citation of Asner's own detailed description of his birth and birth name in his on-camera interview with the National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences is valid, despite the fact that the link goes to Youtube. The Academy uses Youtube as a conduit for its published interview archive. This is not some random clip copied from god-knows-where, it's the official archive of the TV Academy, intended to be the information of record on it subjects. To reject it because it links through Youtube is carrying Youtube discrimination too far. A cite from the subject's own words should carry more weight than contradictory information from a less reliable source.Monkeyzpop (talk) 03:27, 13 December 2010 (UTC)

Ed Asner
He was also in KID GALAHAD. He played a detective. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.218.185.177 (talk) 20:03, 3 March 2011 (UTC)

Please add under television "Hot in Cleveland" (2012)appearing with Betty White — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.181.216.226 (talk) 15:43, 12 May 2012 (UTC)

moved list to its own page
As his filmography was three full pages even divided into columns, I moved it into its own article, Filmography of Ed Asner. If a better title makes sense, please move it. Thanks! Thargor Orlando (talk) 04:21, 28 December 2012 (UTC)
 * It appears a vandalism-only account moved this list back in. As it appeared to be uncontroversial for over a year, I'm going to be bold and move it back.  Thargor Orlando (talk) 14:32, 17 March 2014 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was move per request.--Fuhghettaboutit (talk) 04:36, 9 September 2013 (UTC)

Edward Asner → Ed Asner – Ed is what he is commonly known as - a search for "ed asner" on Google produced about 1,200,000 results, while "Edward Asner" gets significantly less (558,000). IMDB also shows he is usually credited as Ed Asner.  Taylor Trescott  - my talk + my edits 19:56, 1 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. In ictu oculi (talk) 23:22, 1 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. The 2007 move was based on "OFFICIALNAME" -- 76.65.128.222 (talk) 01:40, 2 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. Dicklyon (talk) 06:06, 2 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. He is sometimes billed as "Edward Asner", but "Ed Asner" is definitely more common. -- Necrothesp (talk) 11:02, 2 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per nom.--TonyTheTiger (T / C / WP:FOUR / WP:CHICAGO / WP:WAWARD) 12:15, 2 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Support it seems common-sensical that the name that gets the most use in the most places--and is the one used as a common name (on informal occasions) by the actual actor--is the best choice. Especially if it's a more compact option. DeistCosmos (talk) 22:01, 5 September 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

unsupported claim
I have removed claims that Mr. Asner is affiliated with the socialist party or a Democratic-Socialist type party. It is unsupported by a citation. The citation listed does not mention this claim. Furthermore, the citation itself has not been updated since 1996. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Catherinejarvis (talk • contribs) 15:14, 27 March 2014
 * I have reverted your removal of easily verifiable information, and added references. Please don't make unsubstantiable claims of "BLP violations" before at least a cursory glance at available sources for the information you're removing. Also, there is no shame whatsoever in being a socialist, so I'm not sure how you would assume that this constitutes a "BLP violation". And finally, please sign your comments with four tildes (like this: ~ ). --78.35.253.106 (talk) 07:46, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

I am once again going to remove this unsupported claim. The source is frontpagemag, and a simple view of its website demonstrates that it is not a reliable source; it's front page banner says "every liberal is a totalitarian." A reliable source (essential to Wikipedia articles) would be a print newspaper like the Los Angeles Times or Washington Post, or a national magazine like Time, Variety, Entertainment Weekly or People. Does Mr. Asner himself ever say he is part of this group? Even the group's website does not mention Asner as a member. Furthermore, the revert was made by an anonymous user who's only contribution to Wikipedia was on the Ed Asner site.Catherinejarvis (talk) 23:37, 18 June 2014 (UTC)

A claim under Personal Life says he was involved in the organization Autism Speaks, but the cited reference discusses his support of The Help Group, not Autism Speaks. I found evidence that he hosted an annual poker game to benefit Autism Speaks, and he's spoken publically in defense of them, but neither of these facts is mentioned in the cited reference. He was also involved with a lot of charities, including his own Ed Asner Family Center, which help people with autism, and don't have the same level of controversy as Autism Speaks. Perhaps the full scope of his work to help those with autism should be mentioned, instead of just a false citation tying him to a controversial organization? Donyana (talk) 08:15, 30 August 2021 (UTC)

No such movie exist
There's no such thing as "The Nature Vacations of Pokemon, Animals, Friendship Ponies and Dinosaurs"! Who put that into this? CanidG on the ROCKS! 19:17, 23 February 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians, I have just modified 1 one external link on Ed Asner. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes: When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060824103721/http://www.stephaniemiller.com/bits/2006_0414_ed.mp3 to http://classicshowbiz.blogspot.com/2012/09/an-interview-with-ed-asner.html

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External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160617082453/https://playingonair.org/2015/01/07/episode-12-a-dog-and-a-cat/ to https://playingonair.org/2015/01/07/episode-12-a-dog-and-a-cat/
 * Added tag to https://playingonair.org/2014/12/08/ed-asner/
 * Added tag to https://www.awarenessfestival.org/screening/behind-the-fear/

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Santa
I'm opening this up so we can talk about this change.

Fact is, Ed Asner played (or voiced) Santa Claus four times. It says so on the IMDB link that I added, and also in the Ed Asner filmography.

There's no controversy over this being true and I don't think anyone has suggested that it's not notable. What's it going to take to get everyone to agree to keep it? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.47.152.65 (talk) 19:31, 22 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Please read Citing IMDb. --Rsrikanth05 (talk) 20:10, 22 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I did, and it backs me up. It says there's been some dispute about cast lists for released films, but only excludes the ones from unreleased films. So where do you think Ed Asner filmography came from? 24.47.152.65 (talk) 21:11, 23 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I accidentally cut off my edit comment, so I'll explain here. The interesting thing isn't that Asner played Santa in one particular movie, but that he's done it enough times in his career to have become associated with the character. That's why I reverted the change, which incidentally had a comment that was uncivil. It looks like Jesse is wiki-stalking me, which is creepy and weird. I'd report him, again, but it didn't have any effect last time. 24.47.152.65 (talk) 22:02, 25 June 2019 (UTC)
 * This is an uncivil attack, harassment, and obvious gaslighting. I didn't even know this was the same IP who was in fact wiki-stalking me last month. It's easily verifiable that I've had this article on my watchlist for years, and had edited it several times recently before IP showed up and as long ago as 2011. More to the point, as multiple editors have pointed out, the information is not relevant the article as a whole. JesseRafe (talk) 13:01, 26 June 2019 (UTC)

You're projecting. I don't know you, but you've been reverting my changes on many unrelated articles while insulting me. Please go away, I'm trying to improve this article. 24.47.152.65 (talk) 22:13, 26 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Sincere attempts at article improvement are laudable, but when multiple editors disagree on the appropriateness of placing such content where you want, you should probably accept it and make improvements elsewhere (even if one of those editors is considered offensive). —ADavidB 23:47, 26 June 2019 (UTC)
 * That turns out not to be the case. Multiple editors take issue with citing IMDB for this fact. As far as I can tell, exactly one editor opposes inclusion of this fact, for reasons not entirely clear to me. If you share their view, perhaps you could explain. 24.47.152.65 (talk) 07:36, 27 June 2019 (UTC)
 * The top/lead section is for summarizing an article. Asner's filmography is a separate article. Lots of actors play Santa, some doing so multiple times.  If this is particularly notable in Asner's case, I'd think a reliable source would write about it and we'd have a proper source citation.  Otherwise, I see it as trivial information that has no place in the lead section, nor likely in this article at all. —ADavidB 21:48, 27 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes, if it was notable then he'd be in the International Santa Claus Hall of Fame or something. Oh, wait, he is.. And if it was notable, it would be mentioned on List of actors who played Santa Claus, which it is. Or maybe TV Guide would have an entire article dedicated to how he's "carved a professional niche for himself by playing, of all roles, jolly old St. Nick".
 * If his latest Santa job is worth mentioning in the lede, why shouldn't we add a couple of words to put it in context? It's not just that he played Santa this one time, it's that he's notable for doing so repeatedly.
 * You asked for a citation and I've provided it. Thank you for agreeing to the change. 24.47.152.65 (talk) 16:27, 28 June 2019 (UTC)

Unfortunately, Jesse is edit-warring by ignoring the discussion here. And he's got an administrator who's willing to protect him at all costs, so I expect to be banned. 24.47.152.65 (talk) 01:54, 1 July 2019 (UTC) I should have posted this here earlier, before any other earnest editors waste their time trying to convince 24.47.152.65 how to edit constructively and what types of info go in the lede, they literally don't care about the article's topic or disputed content and are only adding it because I undid a different IP's edit of the same a week prior and they are only concerned with proving me wrong about anything, as laid out in the ANI here. Just wanted to give others a head's up. JesseRafe (talk) 12:52, 1 July 2019 (UTC)
 * "Assuming good faith (AGF) is a fundamental principle on Wikipedia. It is the assumption that editors' edits and comments are made in good faith. Most people try to help the project, not hurt it. If this were untrue, a project like Wikipedia would be doomed from the beginning"
 * "Poisoning the well (or attempting to poison the well) is a type of informal logical fallacy where irrelevant adverse information about a target is preemptively presented to an audience, with the intention of discrediting or ridiculing something that the target person is about to say."
 * Enjoy getting me banned; it won't make you a better person. 24.47.152.65 (talk) 14:30, 1 July 2019 (UTC)
 * It's "Assuming good faith in the absence of evidence to the contrary", guy, so that bit of Wikilawyering isn't going to do you a bit of good. --Calton | Talk 14:41, 1 July 2019 (UTC)

Edward/Ed and the article name
An editor has unilaterally claimed that, because the related Encyclopedia Britannica article – which I will note is titled "Ed" Asner – provides Edward as another name by which he is referred, this article should be given the Edward name. No other sources are provided. While the Britannica article uses "Edward" in its photo captions, its article text merely states he is "also called Edward Asner". In reverting my revert, the editor wrote that "Asner has been vocal about his professional name being Edward, not Ed", yet provides no source. Per WP:COMMONNAME, it is one's common name that is to be used for an article title. Please further discuss/support this issue here so we can reach a consensus. —ADavidB 09:31, 2 December 2019 (UTC)
 * I agree with the article being held in the Ed Asner namespace as well as disagree with the notion that "Edward" be given any special prominence due to a single source at the Britannica (which could be user error or a style guide) and it would be undue to let that one instance supersede the thousands of him using "Ed" as his professional name. Maybe there was a time earlier in his life when he went by "Edward" to make himself sound more formal than "Eddie", but that would need a cite. Further adjustments to how he names himself and how that's changed should go in the Early life and education section as the lede and infobox should only give common and birth names and he's had no other common names. JesseRafe (talk) 16:35, 2 December 2019 (UTC)
 * I will relinquish my position rather than get into a battle over this, despite the fact that out of 1,768 credits on IMDb Asner is credited as Edward in 1,713 of them; despite the fact that the first comment above quoting thusly "Per WP:COMMONNAME, it is one's common name that is to be used for an article title" does not answer the argument I made that commonly-called Jimmy Stewart is still listed in a WP article called James Stewart because that was his preferred professional name; and despite the fact that Asner has said on many occasions (admittedly uncited) that he prefers to be known professionally as Edward rather than the Ed he is commonly called. However, I admit the possibility that my familiarity with the subject (both as a WP subject and as a personal friend and colleague who has heard him rail against producers for accidentally billing him as Ed) has overridden my precise adherence to WP guidelines that it doesn't matter if it's true as long as it's published somewhere reasonable.  Therefore, until such time as I locate more precise citation on the matter, I retire from the battlefield before it becomes one. Monkeyzpop (talk) 00:38, 3 December 2019 (UTC)
 * I don't think you can compare Stewart. "Jimmy" was unquestionably simply an affectionate nickname among his friends (or to people who liked, or indeed still like, to pretend they knew him, as is sadly the case with many fans) and he was invariably known professionally as James Stewart. This is not the case with Asner, who has often been billed and credited as Ed Asner, whatever he may actually prefer. -- Necrothesp (talk) 14:06, 3 December 2019 (UTC)
 * An ultimate example of the inconsistency in Asner's on-screen billing occurs in the credits of 1965's The Satan Bug. The opening credits depict his name as "Ed Asner", while the closing credits crawl depicts the name as "Edward Asner". —Roman Spinner (talk • contribs) 00:21, 20 August 2021 (UTC)
 * I want to get this straight: This person's birthname ("Eddie") is already a hypocorism, but he was always credited as "Edward" or "Ed". Some IP (2.25.253.210) removed the "Edward" completely from this article in mid-July (over a month before Mr. Asner's death). Is it okay to re-insert the non-hypocoristic "Edward" right now, or would that be a violation of Wikipedia's hypocorism policy? There is just no understanding why a hypocorism like "Eddie" could be chosen as a person's birthname rather than the more conventional "Edward". Jim856796 (talk) 18:26, 11 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Why add a name that wasn't really his? Naming doesn't have to be conventional. I'd have no problem with the 'early life' section spelling out the situation instead of just having it as a source, though it isn't a priority for me. —ADavidB 19:57, 11 May 2022 (UTC)
 * I've found a source that gives reason to mention "Edward" and intend to add it to the article soon. —ADavidB 20:31, 11 May 2022 (UTC)
 * The content I mentioned is now added to the Career section. —ADavidB 03:37, 12 May 2022 (UTC)
 * It may be noted that Asner's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame depicts his name as "Edward Asner". Also, here is a link to the 1965 film, The Satan Bug, which has it both ways by billing him as "Ed Asner" in the opening credits and as "Edward Asner" in the end credits. —Roman Spinner (talk • contribs) 20:40, 11 May 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 31 August 2021
Add after: Asner was a supporter of Humane Borders, Asner was also a long-time supporter of Heifer International, and produced a video in 2021 to support their fundraising efforts to reduce child hunger around the world. Reference: pic.twitter.com/adpoxoEcz8 Scicc (talk) 14:34, 31 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Needs coverage in reliable secondary sources to meet WP:DUE. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 14:40, 31 August 2021 (UTC)

Was an acquaintance of Alex Jones?
https://twitter.com/RealAlexJones/status/1783276000521957473

https://tv.infowars.com/index/display/id/1837 ChonokisFigueroa (talk) 23:31, 24 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ed Asner


text: Category:Military of Jordan

title: Category:Military of Jordan