text:
User talk:Ashwatham

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Follow the Simplified Ruleset
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Gandhi
Thanks for fixing my careless typo.

But "rv vandalism" is IMO a good summary only when your edit changes a page to exactly the state it had in the past. What you did was repairing vandalism, an even more valuable service to the project, since vandalism in the most recent edit is so much easier to spot (by looking at the diff rendering) compared to the sorts of vandalism that can be fixed by a true reversion.

Hope you continue to find this worth while, and thanks again. --Jerzy(t) 17:17, 2005 Jan 11 (UTC)

 * No problem :) - thanks for the info abt edit summaries regarding vandalism, makes sense. --ashwatha 01:14, 12 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Notation
Thought I'd drop a quick note to point out that Wikipedia policy is to allow either BC/AD or BCE/CE notation in an article, as long as whichever form is used in an article, it is used consistently. The suggestion is that there an article already uses an acceptable form, and the India article has (apart for a very small period of time) always used the BC/AD form, that is the one that is used. It is also better to use the BC/AD notation anyway, as almost all readers will understand it, whereas a great many do not understand BCE/CE. For instance, here in the UK, schools tended not even to refer to the BCE/CE notation until it was put into the National Curriculum in 2002 - those schooled before then are unlikely to have come across it. This is also backed up by internet usage, where there is a strong bias (9 to 1) in favour of the BC/AD notation. Kind regards, jguk 22:48, 21 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Interwiki link & infobox
hi ashwath, there seems to be a dissent over where the interwiki template should appear. I suggested that it should either be on the top or somewhere near the top, say below the infobox. But its a shame that few wikipedians have been pushing it down like an edit war, based on a vote thats supposedly 'expired'(!) :( It sounds crazy, ain't it? See this. All I wanted to ensure was that people spot the interwiki link easily, so that enough people do visit language wikipedias from the language page. It is really helpful when new editors familiar with curiously drop in to the kannada page. But this is the most awful experience I had from the day I started editing wikipedia. The kannada flag that was on the Kannada page (on infobox) too has vanished :( check the discussion.

Indian Collaboration
Hi. Please enlist your support for the Indian collaboration of the week. utcursch 07:58, Jan 25, 2005 (UTC)

Indian Independence movement
Thanks for working on Indian independence movement. It looks great now! Truly FA material now!! --kunjan1029 05:24, Jan 28, 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright tags
Thanks for uploading Image:Netaji.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GFDL, or  if you claim fair use, etc.) If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Thanks so much, Tagishsimon (talk) 16:25, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Welcome back
Welcome back. Hope to see more edits from you. =Nichalp (Talk)= 12:48, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * thanks! --ashwatha 02:41, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Kannada writers, Kannada wikipedia expansion
Hi Ashwath,

Check User:Hpnadig/Kannada_Wikipedia_mesg. This one is to try and inform new members on en about kannada wikipedia. I'm trying to track potential contributors by Browsing the history of Kannada related topics. Can you help me with it? I've made a template: See User:Hpnadig/Kannada_Literature_Template. Can you help me find out which of those already have articles? (apart from already linked ones - this is 'cos names could've been typed with different spelling or initials) We can start working on others that don't have articles. --H P Nadig 7 July 2005 13:07 (UTC)

massive floods in Mumbai
Why not page on massive floods in Mumbai? pradeepsomani

Visual Basic Classic Wikibook
I see you have contributed to the Visual Basic article on Wikipedia. Any chance you would like to join in editing the wikibook: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programming:Visual_Basic_Classic? --Kjwhitefoot 08:46, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Image:GolGumbaz2.jpg
Could you please change the licensce of Image:GolGumbaz2.jpg and release it in public domain or Creative Commons if you want to do so.. or else it will get deleted...

Its very hard to get a picture like that....--Aravind Parvatikar 15:38, 8 February 2006 (UTC)

Hope we can work together
Hi. I am Dinesh Kannambadi. I have created a page called "Karnataka Literature" that may be of some value to you. The page contains names and where ever possible dates and works of scholars in Kannada and Sanskrit. I have also been active on Kannada, Karnataka (and all related kingdoms like chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Gangas, Vijayanagar, Hoysala, Kadamba etc). Do you know how to rectify/create maps in .png format or any format to accurately represent geograhpical extent of Kannada Kingdoms. If you do, feel free to add it in. The Maps for Vijayanagar and Rashtrakuta are not accurate.

Dinesh Kannambadi

Commonwealth of Nations
Commonwealth of Nations is up for a featured article review. Detailed concerns may be found here. Please leave your comments and help us address and maintain this article's featured quality. (I think this may have been your FA nomination? If not, please disregard.)  Sandy 15:12, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

The lighted path
I wish you All The Best on the ocasion of the Indian festival of light, Diwali. I am sure that the light of hope, confidence, and all positive attributes shall always remain inside you – lighting your path and guiding you to attain higher and higher levels of excellence in all your endevours! All the best! --Bhadani 16:37, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

License tagging for Image:Girishkasaravalli.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Girishkasaravalli.jpg. Wikipedia gets thousands of images uploaded every day, and in order to verify that the images can be legally used on Wikipedia, the source and copyright status must be indicated. Images need to have an image tag applied to the image description page indicating the copyright status of the image. This uniform and easy-to-understand method of indicating the license status allows potential re-users of the images to know what they are allowed to do with the images.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. If you need help on selecting a tag to use, or in adding the tag to the image description, feel free to post a message at Media copyright questions. 11:05, 10 November 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for the review of the article!
Thanks, Ashwatham, for the review of the article Ramana Maharshi. I have taken note of your comments. Unfortunately, when you reviewed the article, the Life section of the article was deleted by somebody on the 16th of Nov. I have fixed it now. I would try to expand the Teachings section.

I notice that you are active in Kannada-related efforts on Wikipedia. Well, thanks for doing that! The Kannada article might require some re-structuring after the Tamil language article (it is a featured article). First thing we could do is fix the 'sign board' picture - the picture has a poster stuck on it..--Naresh 21:35, 18 November 2006 (UTC)

Welcome to WP India
 Welcome!

Hi, and welcome to the India WikiProject! We're a group of editors working to improve Wikipedia's coverage of India.

A few features that you might find helpful:

 * Please participate in any of our descendant workgroups that might interest you.
 * The project has a monthly newsletter; it will normally be delivered as a link, but several other formats are available.

There are a variety of interesting things to do within the project; you're free to participate however much—or little—you like:

 * Want to know how good our articles are? The assessment department is working on rating the quality of every India article in Wikipedia.
 * Can you code? The automation department uses automated and semi-automated methods to perform batch tasks that would be tedious to do manually.

If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ask another fellow member, and we'll be happy to help you. Again, welcome! We look forward to seeing you around! -- Lost (talk) 06:38, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Ghatam.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Ghatam.jpg. The image description page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 09:05, 28 November 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:PCT.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:PCT.jpg. The image description page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 07:08, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

Your Featured Picture nomination
Thank you for nominating the Gol Gumbaz picture as a Featured Picture, but may I ask you to please read the nomination procedure before nominating any others, as the nomination was placed incorrectly on the page. I've fixed this nomination up for you, and if you have any questions on the nomination procedure feel free to ask me. Raven4x4x 05:25, 8 December 2006 (UTC)
 * No problem. Thanks again for the nomination. Raven4x4x 05:29, 8 December 2006 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for the award. I did not see it earlier or would have replied right away.Thanks again.By the way, Hoysala Empire is in FAC review now.Dineshkannambadi 15:22, 10 December 2006 (UTC)

Indian collaboration of the week news
As mentioned in Wikiproject Indiua newsletter of March 2007, the weekly collaboration of the Indian wikiproject has fallen from its once high feats. This message is to request the users to visit the collaboration page and help rejuvenate it.

The present collaboration of the week is Religion in India. Please go through the talk page of the article to see the proposed changes in the article. Regards.--Dwaipayan (talk) 05:21, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Basaveshvara.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Basaveshvara.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 06:16, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Kumaravyasa.jpg
Thank you for uploading Image:Kumaravyasa.jpg. However, it currently is missing information on its copyright status. Wikipedia takes copyright very seriously. It may be deleted soon, unless we can determine the license and the source of the image. If you know this information, then you can add a copyright tag to the image description page.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thanks again for your cooperation. Jusjih 16:21, 22 October 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject India Newsletter Volume III, Issue no. 001 - June 2008
This newsletter is automatically delivered by TinucherianBot (talk) 06:03, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

WP Bangalore Meetup
Following the Mailing list discussion that we had, here's a call for an informal meetup of Bangalore Wikipedians soon. Please see Meetup/Bangalore/Bangalore3 --  Tinu  Cherian  - 10:05, 8 June 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject India Newsletter, Volume IV, Issue 1 – June 2009
To stop receiving this newsletter, or to receive it in a different format, please list yourself in the appropriate section here. This newsletter is automatically delivered by --  Tinu  Cherian BOT  - 11:03, 12 June 2009 (UTC)

FAR notice for Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
nominated Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi for a featured article review here. Please join the discussion on whether this article meets featured article criteria. Articles are typically reviewed for two weeks. If substantial concerns are not addressed during the review period, the article will be moved to the Featured Article Removal Candidates list for a further period, where editors may declare "Keep" or "Remove" the article's featured status. The instructions for the review process are here.Cirt (talk) 06:34, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject India Newsletter, Volume IV, Issue 2 – July 2009
To stop receiving this newsletter, or to receive it in a different format, please list yourself in the appropriate section here. Delivered automatically by --  Tinu  Cherian BOT  - 14:36, 18 July 2009 (UTC)

NowCommons: File:Insat vhrr.jpg
File:Insat vhrr.jpg is now available on Wikimedia Commons as Commons:File:Insat vhrr.jpg. This is a repository of free media that can be used on all Wikimedia wikis. The image will be deleted from Wikipedia, but this doesn't mean it can't be used anymore. You can embed an image uploaded to Commons like you would an image uploaded to Wikipedia, in this case:. Note that this is an automated message to inform you about the move. This bot did not copy the image itself. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 02:08, 6 August 2009 (UTC)
 * File:Tunga.jpg is now available as Commons:File:Tunga.jpg. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 00:15, 9 August 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject India Newsletter Volume V, Issue no. 1 - (June 2010)
This newsletter is automatically delivered by --  Tinu  Cherian BOT  - 17:52, 30 June 2010 (UTC)

WikiProject India Newsletter Volume V, Issue no. 2 - November 2010
This newsletter is automatically delivered by User:Od Mishehu AWB, operated by עוד מישהו Od Mishehu 09:11, 24 November 2010 (UTC)

WikiProject India Tag & Assess 2012 Contest
Hello friends, we are a number of editors from WikiProject India have got together to assess the many thousands of articles under the stewardship of the project, and we'd love to have you, a fellow member, join us. These articles require assessment, that is, the addition of a WikiProject template to the talk page of an article, assessing it for quality and importance and adding a few extra parameters to it.

As of March 11, 2012, 07:00 UTC, WikiProject India has 95,998 articles under its stewardship. Of these 13,980 articles are completely unassessed (both for class and importance) and another 42,415 articles are unassessed for importance only. Accordingly, a Tag & Assess 2012 drive-cum-contest has begun from March 01, 2012 to last till May 31, 2012.

If you are new to assessment, you can learn the minimum about how to evaluate from Part One of the Assessment Guide. Part Two of the Guide will help you learn to employ the full functionality of the talk page template, should you choose to do so.

You can sign up on the Tag & Assess page. There are a number of awards to be given in recognition of your efforts. Come & join us to take part in this exciting new venture. You'll learn more about India in this way.

& (Drive coordinators)

Delivered per [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Bot_requests&oldid=481419438#Message_to_take_part_in_Assessment_Drive request] on Bot requests. 01:08, 12 March 2012 (UTC) The  Helpful  Bot  01:08, 12 March 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:49, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Asian 10,000 Challenge invite
Hi. The WikiProject Asia/The 10,000 Challenge has recently started, based on the UK/Ireland The 10,000 Challenge and WikiProject Africa/The 10,000 Challenge. The idea is not to record every minor edit, but to create a momentum to motivate editors to produce good content improvements and creations and inspire people to work on more countries than they might otherwise work on. There's also the possibility of establishing smaller country or regional challenges for places like South East Asia, Japan/China or India etc, much like The 1000 Challenge (Nordic). For this to really work we need diversity and exciting content and editors from a broad range of countries regularly contributing. At some stage we hope to run some contests to benefit Asian content, a destubathon perhaps, aimed at reducing the stub count would be a good place to start, based on the current WikiProject Africa/The Africa Destubathon which has produced near 200 articles in just three days. If you would like to see this happening for Asia, and see potential in this attracting more interest and editors for the country/countries you work on please sign up and being contributing to the challenge! This is a way we can target every country of Asia, and steadily vastly improve the encyclopedia. We need numbers to make this work so consider signing up as a participant! Thank you. -- Ser Amantio di Nicolao Che dicono a Signa?Lo dicono a Signa. 01:15, 20 October 2016 (UTC)

Women in Red World Contest
Hi. We're into the last five days of the Women in Red World Contest. There's a new bonus prize of $200 worth of books of your choice to win for creating the most new women biographies between 0:00 on the 26th and 23:59 on 30th November. If you've been contributing to the contest, thank you for your support, we've produced over 2000 articles. If you haven't contributed yet, we would appreciate you taking the time to add entries to our articles achievements list by the end of the month. Thank you, and if participating, good luck with the finale!

title: User talk:Ashwatham


text:
Democratic Progressive Party (disambiguation)

The Democratic Progressive Party is a political party in Taiwan founded in 1986.

Democratic Progressive Party may also refer to:

 * Democratic Progressive Party (Argentina), founded 1914
 * Democratic Progressive Party (Austria), 1965–1966
 * Democratic Progressive Party of Hong Kong, a localist group founded 2015
 * Democratic Party (Japan, 2016), 2016–17, sometimes referred to as "Democratic Progressive Party" due to its official Japanese name
 * Democratic Progressive Party (Malawi), founded 2005
 * Democratic Progressive Party (Nagaland)
 * Democratic Progressive Party (Paraguay), founded 2007
 * Sammarinese Democratic Progressive Party, San Marino, 1990–2001
 * Democratic Progressive Party (Singapore), founded 1973
 * Democratic Progressive Party (Transkei), South Africa, 1981–1986
 * Democratic Progressive Party (Spain), created in 1879
 * Kurdish Democratic Progressive Party, Syria, founded in 1965

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
George Wenige

George Albert Wenige (1874–1952) was an eccentric mayor of London, Ontario, Canada, who served nine terms, mostly non-consecutively.

Wenige (pronounced WHEN-igg) was born in Detroit, Michigan in 1874 and moved to London, Ontario, Canada as a stunt bicycle rider at the Western Fair in 1900. He liked the city and decided to stay, opening the Bicycle and Motor Sales Company. In 1915, a new shop was built, with Wenige insisting that it be completed in 30 days; he hired a brass band to motivate the workers. He claimed his shop "made walking expensive" and once bicycled from London to Halifax, Nova Scotia to promote his business.

Wenige was a populist and was well loved by London's working class. He was elected alderman in 1921 and was elected to three consecutive terms as mayor from 1923 to 1925. In 1925, he attended the funeral of former mayor Sir Adam Beck, earning the scorn of London's upper class by wearing a business suit and a straw hat -- "the only hat I owned"—he explained.

Wenige was elected mayor again in 1928, 1934, 1935, 1947, 1948 and 1950 (at the time, London elected its mayors for one year only). In 1935, he ran as an independent candidate in the federal election but lost. He also campaigned for mayor, and lost on nine other occasions, including 1952, when he lost to Allan Rush, the former chief of police whom Wenige had fired during his term in 1950. Wenige died shortly afterwards.

When the Ontario Department of Highways built Highway 126, a freeway linking London to Highway 401 in 1963, the City of London named the 360-metre section from Hamilton Road south to the Thames River the "Wenige Expressway." The signs denoting this stretch of the road disappeared in the 1980s, and today it is known only as Highbury Avenue. In north London, he is commemorated by "North" and "South Wenige Drive," and there have been proposals to rename London's bicycle paths after him.

He is buried in Woodland Cemetery in London, Ontario.

title: George Wenige


text:
Company of Cutlers in Hallamshire

The Company of Cutlers in Hallamshire is a trade guild of metalworkers based in Sheffield, England. It was incorporated in 1624 by an act of Parliament. The head is called the Master Cutler. Its motto is Pour Y Parvenir a Bonne Foi.

In the original act of Parliament, the  (21 Jas. 1. c. 31), the company was given jurisdiction over:

This was expanded to include other trades by later acts, most notably steelmakers in 1860. In the same year the Company was given the right to veto any proposed name of a limited company anywhere in the United Kingdom which contains the word "Sheffield". It also supplies marks to approved cutlers and promotes Sheffield steelware.

The company has been based at Cutlers' Hall (opposite the cathedral on Church Street) since 1638. The current hall is the third to have been built on the site. The second was built in 1725 and the third in 1832. It was extended in 1867 and 1888. It was listed a Grade II* listed building in 1973. It is used for formal functions and award ceremonies for local businesses.

Members of the company are called freemen and currently number 447. The Master Cutler is elected each year from the freemen within the company. He or she also has two wardens, six searchers and 24 assistants. The company also employs a clerk for administration and a beadle to perform ceremonial duties. Since 1625, the Company has held an annual feast, inviting prominent people in order to showcase Sheffield's industry.

The Master Cutler for 2011–12 was Pamela Liversidge, the first woman to hold this position.

The Master Cutler for October 2017–2018 (the 379th) was Ken Cooke.

Legislation

 * Cutlers' Company's Act 1623 (21 Jas. 1. c. 31)
 * (31 Geo. 3. c. 58)
 * (41 Geo. 3. c. xcvii)
 * (54 Geo. 3. c. cxix)
 * (23 & 24 Vict. c. xliii)

title: Company of Cutlers in Hallamshire


text:
Shturcite

Shturcite (Щурците ; English "The Crickets"), sometimes romanized as Shturtsite, was a Bulgarian rock group. They were one of the most successful bands in Bulgaria during the 1970s and 1980s and still have many fans. The band broke up once in 1990, reformed in 1997, and disbanded again in 2013. The group has been characterized as "Bulgaria's answer to The Beatles".

History
The group was created in 1967 in Sofia by Kiril Marichkov, Petar Tsankov (both from Bandaratsite group), Petar Gyuzelev, and Veselin Kisyov (both from Slanchevi Bratya group). Their first performance was at a students party in VITIZ (The Bulgarian School for Performing Arts), and in 1967 they made their first records. At first Georgi Minchev took part in the group, too, and with him they made their first success: the song "Byala Tishina" ("Бяла тишина"; "White Silence") of the composer Boris Karadimchev, winning the national award of Zlatnia Orfei ("Златния Орфей", the Golden Orpheus).

In 1968, the group issued their first EP containing the songs "Veselina" ("Веселина", lyrics: Radoy Ralin), Zvan ("Звън"; Ringing), Malkiat Svetal Prozorets ("Малкият светъл прозорец"; Little Bright Window) and Izprashtane ("Изпращане", Dispatch).

It was not until 1976 that they recorded their first homonymous LP with its hit single "Day Mi Malko Nejhnost" ("Дай ми малко нежност"; "Give Me A Little Tenderness"). Their second album Shturtzite '78 two years later introduced band's new keyboard player and singer, Valdi Totev. His influence took away the band far from its early pop sound to a new prog rock territory. The first song on the LP "Nyakoi Ot Vas" ("Някои от вас"; "Some Of You") is their first leading album song not to be sung by lead vocalist Marichkov, but by the newcomer, Totev. Despite his influence on the band's sound, Totev did not write a single song for the album.

In 1980, Shturcite issued XX vek (20th Century), featuring the hits "Dve sledi", the title track and "Svatben den". Two years later, the double LP Vkusut na vremeto (The Taste of Time) was issued, featuring many hits, such as the title track. The band spent the rest of the 1980s recording two new albums, Konnikut and Musketarski marsh, released in 1985 and 1987. They then played a national tour to celebrate their 20th anniversary throughout 1987. Tracks from the concerts were edited together into a triple album called 20 godini po-kusno, released in 1988.

In 1990, the band released their final single, "Az sum prosto chovek", which became a popular anthem for Bulgarian democracy in the 1990s. They then broke up. Later that year, Balkanton released a compilation called The Crickets, which mainly consists of tracks from Musketarski marsh and also included a live version of the song "XX vek" (the recording is taken from 20 godini po-kusno). This was Shturcite's first official CD release and is one of only two issues of the 20 godini po-kusno songs on CD (the other being "Pesen za Shturcite" on 1968–1980). All the text on The Crickets is in English (except for the copyright warning on the CD, which is written in English, French, German and Bulgarian) and features liner notes by a woman called Claire Levi. It and a similar compilation by fellow Bulgarian rock band FSB are the first two rock releases on CD in the Balkanton catalogue.

Six years later, the independent label GMP reissued most of their back catalogue (except for their two self-titled albums) on CD (albeit issuing a cut-down 13 track version of Vkusut na vremeto) and also released two 2-disc compilation albums by them, 1968–1980 and Best Ballads. A new song, "Kletva", was included on both compilations. The song is a re-recording of a track written for and previously featured in the film Vchera (1988) in 1987 and later appeared on the Kiril Marichkov solo album Zodia Shturec, from whose sessions the recording is taken. As well as "Kletva", the song "Za spomen ot Shturcite", recorded in 1983, was included. It is a medley of the following songs:

 * "Dve sledi" (Two Traces)
 * "Veselina"
 * "Zvun" (Ring)
 * "Pesen bez dumi" (A Song Without Words)
 * "Svatben den" (Wedding Day)
 * "Dai mi malko nezhnost" (Gimme a Little Tenderness)
 * "Zorata" (The Dawn)
 * "Star album" (Old Album)
 * "Pesen za Shturcite" (Song for Shturcite/Song for the Crickets)
 * "Vkusut na vremeto" (The Taste of Time)

Another Shturcite medley was performed at the concerts that became 20 godini po-kusno in 1987, called "Kitka 'Shturcite'".

In 1997, Shturcite reformed and played a national tour. 10 tracks from one of the concerts were released on the CD 30 godini Shturcite in 1998, alongside 6 new songs.

The band released a 4-CD retrospective of their work, Antologia, in 2004. The release contained selected tracks from their discography and a few compilation and unreleased tracks. Their first 3 singles, "Zvun", "Pesen za Shturcite" and "Ti ne razbra", as well as Konnikut and Musketarski marsh, were included in full on the discs. A concert DVD was also issued two years later, recorded at the NDK on 15 November 2004, featuring guest appearances from Safo, D-2, Doni (from Doni i Momchil) and Ahat, who also did a cover of "Na praga".

In 2007, Shturcite recorded new material, which was released as their 9th and final album Na praga na surceto in 2008. Na praga na surceto was their first release of all-new material since 1987's Musketarski marsh.

The band still played concerts, but no new material was issued after Na praga na surceto. Marichkov had stated in interviews that guitarist Petar Gyuzelev's brain tumour was holding the band back. He had stated that if Gyuzelev dies, Shturcite would break up. In 2011, he had stated that Shturcite would hold a big concert with a symphony orchestra to end the band and celebrate 45 years of existence, plus record an acoustic CD containing their hits.

Neither the concert or the album happened.

Gyuzelev died on 25 April 2013, ending the band. Three months before his death, he issued Izpoved, his first and only solo album. In an interview with 24 chasa, he stated he had plans to release three more albums "before the end of the year". With Gyuzelev's death, it is not known whether these albums will be released. Marichkov has since started a new band, Fondatsiata (The Foundation).

On 3 June 2017, Shturcite reformed, with Marichkov's Fondatsiata bandmates Ivan Lechev (from FSB) and Slavcho Nikolov (from B.T.R.) replacing Gyuzelev on guitar, for a 50th anniversary concert at the Armeec Arena in Sofia.

Members

 * Kiril Marichkov – bass, vocals, keyboards (1967–1990, 1997–2013, 2017)
 * Petar "Petsi" Gyuzelev – guitars, vocals, (1967–1990, 1997–2013, d.2013)
 * Vladimir "Valdi" Totev – keyboards, guitars, harmonica, vocals (1976–1990, 1997–2013, 2017)
 * Georgi Markov – drums, percussion (1974–1990, 1997–2013, 2017)
 * Veselin Kisyov – guitar, vocals (1967–1969, 2017)
 * Petar Tsankov – drums (1967–1971, 2017)
 * Konstantin Atanasov (Kosyo Shturetsa) – guitar, vocals (1969–1971, 1973–1974, 1976, 2017)
 * Atanas Atanasov – drums (1973–1974)
 * Borislav Panov – keyboards, vocals, violin (1974–1976)
 * Ivan Lechev – guitar, violin (2017, stand-in for Gyuzelev)
 * Slavcho Nikolov – guitar (2017, stand-in for Gyuzelev)

Albums

 * Shturcite (1976)
 * Shturcite (1978)
 * 20-ti vek (1980)
 * Vkusat na vremeto (1982)
 * Konnikat (1985)
 * Musketarski marsh (1987)
 * 20 godini po-kasno (1988)
 * 30 godini Shturcite (1998)
 * Na praga na sartseto (2008)

Singles
All singles were officially self-titled except for "Puteshestvie sus sal" and "Az sum prosto chovek". The titles used here are taken from the official A-side of the original 45's. "Puteshestvie sus sal" was part of a soundtrack for the movie of the same name.
 * "Zvun" (1968)
 * "Pesen za Shturcite" (1969)
 * "Shte sreshtnem nashata mechta" (1973)
 * "Puteshestvie sus sal" (1973)
 * "Ti ne razbra" (1975)
 * "Uchilishte za malki i golemi" (1975)
 * "Az sum prosto chovek" (1990)

Compilations

 * The Crickets (1990)
 * 1968–1980 I (1996)
 * 1968–1980 II (1996)
 * Best Ballads I (1996)
 * Best Ballads II (1996)
 * Antologia (2004)

DVDs

 * Antologia – Koncertat 15.11.2004 (2006)

title: Shturcite


text: User talk:81.152.163.166

title: User talk:81.152.163.166


text:
Folkpartiet

Folkpartiet (Swedish: People's Party) may refer to:

 * Folkpartiet liberalerna (Liberal People's Party), former name of the Swedish Liberals party
 * Svenska Folkpartiet i Finland (Swedish People's Party of Finland), a liberal-centrist political party in Finland representing the Swedish-speaking population

title: Folkpartiet


text:
Emil Dimitrov

Emil Dimitrov Dimitrov (Емил Димитров Димитров) (23 December 1940 – 30 March 2005) was a Bulgarian singer, musician and composer. He is considered to be a legend of Bulgarian pop music, and one of the greatest Bulgarian singers of all time. He was popular for his songs "Ако си дал" ('If you have given'), "Моя страна, моя България" ('My country, my Bulgaria'), "Нашият сигнал" ('Our signal'), "Само един живот" ('Only one lifetime'), "Джулия" ('Julia'), "Арлекино" ('Arlequine'), "Писмо до мама" ('Letter to my mother') and others. Dimitrov was an extremely prolific artist, with 400 songs in his repertoire, and 280 of them being of his own composition; he released 30 albums in his lifetime.

He was born the son of the Bulgarian illusionist Fakira Miti and his French assistant. He went to study at the National Academy for Theatre and Film Arts in Sofia.

His career began in 1962, with the premier of his song Arlekino; it won third place at the Sopot International Song Festival that year, and turned him into a star overnight.

In 1970 he was signed to the French record company EMI Pathé-Marconi, which released his first French-language single "L'amour c'est toi". His song Monica (known in Bulgarian as "Моя страна, моя България" ('My country, my Bulgaria') sold out with a circulation of over 500,000 copies in Germany and 100,000 copies in Belgium, although, it was initially banned by Bulgarian censors for "bourgeois influence". In the modern day, it is considered to be an unofficial national hymn in Bulgaria.

He was married twice, and his son Emil was born from his second marriage in 1970.

According to the American magazine Billboard Emil Dimitrov sold over 40 million copies of his albums in Eastern Europe and the USSR.

He died on 30 March 2005, at 64 years of age.

Discography

 * Bulgarian Evergreens
 * 1) Моя страна, моя България (My country, my Bulgaria) – Emil Dimitrov; Director: Stilian Ivanov

 * Само един живот не е достатъчен (Only one life is not enough)
 * 1) Ако си дал... (If you have given something...) – Emil Dimitrov
 * 2) Писмо до мама (A letter to my mother) – Emil Dimitrov
 * 3) Само тази нощ (Only tonight) – Lili Ivanova
 * 4) Само един живот (Only one life) – Yordanka Hristova
 * 5) Сбогом, Мария (Good-Bye Maria) – Panayot Panayotov

title: Emil Dimitrov


text:
Martha Raye

Martha Raye (born Margy Reed; August 27, 1916 – October 19, 1994), nicknamed The Big Mouth, was an American comic actress and singer who performed in movies, and later on television. She also acted in plays, including on Broadway. She was honored in 1969 at the Academy Awards as the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award recipient for her volunteer efforts and services to the troops.

Early years
Raye was born at St. James Hospital in Butte, Montana, as Margy Reed, the daughter of Irish immigrant Peter F. Reed Jr., and Maybelle Hazel (Hooper) Reed, who had been raised in Milwaukee and Montana. Her parents were performing in a local vaudeville theatre as Reed and Hooper when their daughter was born.

Career
As a teenager in the early 1930s, Raye began her career as a vocalist with the Paul Ash and Boris Morros orchestras. She made her first film appearance in a band short titled A Nite in the Nite Club (1934). In 1936, she was signed for comic roles by Paramount Pictures; her first feature film was Rhythm on the Range with Bing Crosby. She made her Broadway debut in the Harry Akst musical Calling All Stars in 1934, and later returned to Broadway in starring roles in Yip Harburg's Hold On to Your Hats (1941), Jerry Herman's Hello, Dolly! (1967), and Vincent Youmans's No, No, Nanette (1972).

From 1936 to 1939, she was a featured cast member in 39 episodes of Al Jolson's weekly CBS radio show, The Lifebuoy Program, also called Cafe Trocadero. In addition to comedy, Raye sang both solos and duets with Jolson. Over the next quarter century, she would appear in films with many of the leading comics of her day, including Joe E. Brown, Bob Hope, W.C. Fields, Abbott and Costello, Charlie Chaplin and Jimmy Durante. She joined the USO in 1942, soon after the US entered World War II.

She was known for the size of her mouth, which was large in proportion to her face, earning her the nickname "The Big Mouth". She later referred to this in a series of television commercials for Polident denture cleaner in the 1980s: "So take it from The Big Mouth: new Polident Green gets tough stains clean!" Her large mouth would relegate her motion picture work to supporting comic parts, and was often made up so it appeared even larger. In the Disney cartoon Mother Goose Goes Hollywood, she is caricatured while dancing with Joe E. Brown, another actor known for a big mouth. In the Warner Bros. cartoon The Woods Are Full of Cuckoos (1937), she was caricatured as a jazzy scat-singing donkey named 'Moutha Bray'.

In 1969, she was awarded the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award in the form of an Oscar at the 41st Academy Awards. She was the first woman to receive this award. After her death, the statuette was displayed for many years in a specially constructed lighted niche at the Friars Club in Beverly Hills. On November 2, 1993, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton for her service to her country. The citation reads:

"A talented performer whose career spans the better part of a century, Martha Raye has delighted audiences and uplifted spirits around the globe. She brought her tremendous comedic and musical skills to her work in film, stage, and television, helping to shape American entertainment. The great courage, kindness, and patriotism she showed in her many tours during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War earned her the nickname Colonel Maggie. The American people honor Martha Raye, a woman who has tirelessly used her gifts to benefit the lives of her fellow Americans."

Television career
She was a television star very early in its history. She starred in the short-lived (28 episodes) The Martha Raye Show (1954–1956), opposite retired middleweight boxer Rocky Graziano, who played her boyfriend. The writer and producer was future The Phil Silvers Show creator Nat Hiken.

Some of the guest stars on the show were Zsa Zsa Gabor, Cesar Romero, and Broadway dancer Wayne Lamb. She also appeared on other TV shows in the 1950s, such as What's My Line?

Following the demise of her TV variety show, the breakup of her fifth marriage, and a series of other personal and health problems, she attempted suicide by overdosing on sleeping pills on August 14, 1956. Well-wishers gave her a St. Christopher's medal, a St. Genesius medal, and a Star of David. After her recovery, she wore these amulets faithfully, but she was neither Catholic nor Jewish. At the conclusion of each episode of her TV shows, she would thank the nuns at the Sisters of St. Francis Hospital in Miami, Florida, where she had recovered. She always said "Goodnight, Sisters" as a sign of appreciation and gratitude.

Later in her career, she made television commercials for Polident denture cleanser, principally during the 1970s and 1980s.

Later career
In 1970, she portrayed Boss Witch, the "Queen of all Witchdom", in the feature film Pufnstuf for Sid and Marty Krofft. This role led to her being cast as villainess Benita Bizarre in The Bugaloos (1970), which the Kroffts produced the same year.

She often appeared as a guest on other programs, particularly those which often featured older performers as guest stars, such as The Love Boat, and on variety programs, including the short-lived The Roy Rogers and Dale Evans Show. She appeared from the third to the ninth seasons as Carrie Sharples, Mel's mother on Alice, making two or three appearances per season. She made guest appearances or did cameos in series such as Murder, She Wrote, The Andy Williams Show, and McMillan & Wife. She appeared again as Agatha for the six-episode run of the retooled McMillan, taking over for Nancy Walker, who had left the series. Her last film appearance was as an airline passenger in the disaster film The Concorde ... Airport '79 (1979).

Personal life
Raye's personal life was complex and emotionally tumultuous. She was married seven times.

Raye was a devout Methodist. She regularly attended church, read the Bible daily, and taught Sunday school. Because her religious views often were misconstrued, she said "One paper says I'm Catholic, and the other says I'm Jewish. I guess that's fitting because, as a Methodist, I'm meant to be undetermined some of the time".

Her engagement to orchestra leader Johnny Torrence was announced in June 1936. Less than two months later she commented, "They tell me I've gone Hollywood already because I got engaged to Johnny Torrence one day and broke it off the next."

She was married to make-up artist Hamilton "Buddy" Westmore from May 30, 1937, until September 1937, filing for divorce on the basis of extreme cruelty; to composer-conductor David Rose from October 8, 1938, to May 19, 1941; to Neal Lang from May 25, 1941, to February 3, 1944; to Nick Condos from February 22, 1944, to June 17, 1953; to Edward T. Begley from April 21, 1954, to October 6, 1956; to Robert O'Shea from November 7, 1956, to December 1, 1960; and to Mark Harris from September 25, 1991, until her death in 1994. She had one child, a daughter born in July 1944, with Nick Condos. Melodye Condos was named after Raye's recently deceased younger sister.

Politically, Raye was conservative, affirming in a 1984 interview: "I believe in the constitution, strength in national defense, limited government, individual freedom, and personal responsibility. They reinforce the resolve that the United States is the greatest country in the world, and we can all be eternally grateful to our founding fathers for the beautiful legacy they left us."

Death
Raye died at age 78 of pneumonia on October 19, 1994.

Legacy
Appreciation of her work with the USO during World War II and subsequent wars led to her being named both an honorary colonel in the U.S. Marines and an honorary lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army, and earned special consideration to be buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Upon her death it was instead requested that she be buried with full military honors in the Fort Liberty (then Fort Bragg) Main Post cemetery at Spring Lake, North Carolina, home of her loving and beloved United States Army Special Forces; the Fifth Special Forces Group (Airborne) made her an honorary Green Beret for her USO work in Vietnam.

Raye has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame—one for motion pictures at 6251 Hollywood Boulevard and the other for television at 6547 Hollywood Blvd.

The moving image collection of Martha Raye is held at the Academy Film Archive. The collection consists of an audio tape and home movies.

Film

 * A Nite in a Nite Club (1934, Short) – Herself – Singer
 * Rhythm on the Range (1936) – Emma Mazda
 * The Big Broadcast of 1937 (1936) – Patsy
 * Hideaway Girl (1936) – Helen Flint
 * College Holiday (1936) – Daisy Schloggenheimer
 * Waikiki Wedding (1937) – Myrtle Finch
 * Mountain Music (1937) – Mary Beamish
 * Artists & Models (1937) – Specialty
 * Double or Nothing (1937) – Liza Lou Lane
 * Cinema Circus (1937) – Herself (archive footage)
 * The Big Broadcast of 1938 (1938) – Martha Bellows
 * College Swing (1938) – Mabel Grady
 * Tropic Holiday (1938) – Midge Miller
 * Give Me a Sailor (1938) – Letty Larkin
 * Never Say Die (1939) – Mickey Hawkins

 * $1,000 a Touchdown (1939) – Martha Madison
 * The Farmer's Daughter (1940) – Patience Bingham
 * The Boys from Syracuse (1940) – Luce
 * Navy Blues (1941) – Lilibelle Bolton
 * Keep 'Em Flying (1941) – Gloria Phelps / Barbara Phelps
 * Hellzapoppin' (1941) – Betty Johnson
 * Four Jills in a Jeep (1944) – Martha Raye
 * Pin Up Girl (1944) – Molly McKay
 * Monsieur Verdoux (1947) – Annabella Bonheur
 * Billy Rose's Jumbo (1962) – Lulu
 * No Substitute for Victory (1970, Documentary) – Herself
 * The Phynx (1970) – Foxy
 * Pufnstuf (1970) – Boss Witch
 * The Concorde ... Airport '79 (1979) – Loretta

Television

 * Four Star Revue (host from 1951 to 1953) – Herself
 * The Martha Raye Show (1954–1956) – Herself
 * What's My Line? (mystery guest December 11, 1955) – Herself
 * Club Oasis (1958) – Herself
 * The Roy Rogers and Dale Evans Show (episode "Circus", December 8, 1962) – Herself
 * The Red Skelton Show (1963) – Herself
 * The Judy Garland Show (1964) – Herself
 * Password (March 25, 1965) - Herself
 * The Hollywood Palace (April 2, 1966) – Herself
 * The Carol Burnett Show (1967, 1969,1970) – Herself
 * The Bugaloos (1970–1972) – Benita Bizarre
 * McMillan (1976–1977) – Agatha
 * 'Twas the Night Before Christmas (1977, TV special) – Nellie's mother
 * Skinflint: A Country Christmas Carol (1979, TV movie) – Ghost of Christmas Past
 * Alice (1979–1984) – Carrie Sharples
 * The Gossip Columnist (1980, TV movie) – Georgia O'Hanlon
 * Pippin: His Life and Times (1981, TV movie) – Berthe
 * Murder, She Wrote (1985) – Sadie Winthrope
 * Alice in Wonderland (1985, TV movie) – The Duchess

Stage work

 * Calling All Stars (1934)
 * Hold On to Your Hats (1940)
 * Annie Get Your Gun (1951)
 * Anything Goes (1958)
 * Wildcat (1962)
 * Call Me Madam (1963)
 * The Solid Gold Cadillac (1964)
 * Hello Dolly! (1967)
 * Goodbye Charlie (1968)
 * Hello, Sucker! (1969) (closed on the road)
 * Everybody Loves Opal (1970; 1988)
 * No, No, Nanette (1972, replacement for Patsy Kelly)
 * Pippin (1981)
 * 4 Girls 4 (1982)
 * Annie (1983)
 * The Prince of Central Park (1989, replaced by Jo Anne Worley before opening)

title: Martha Raye


text:
Whiffenpoof

A whiffenpoof was a tool for training Boy Scouts in tracking skills. The whiffenpoof itself was a small log, about the size of a stick of firewood, with nails driven into it on all sides, so that it bristled with nails. This was dragged through the forest on a short leash, by the older Scouts who were training the younger. It might thus create a track that the tenderfoot must learn to trace out. Or it might, alternately, be dragged across a trail in order to confuse the trackers. The fewer nails that were driven into it, the more difficult and subtle was the effect.

Thus it is that the word whiffenpoof can also refer to an imaginary or indefinite animal; e.g. "the great-horned whiffenpoof". It originates from actor Joseph Cawthorn's ad-lib in a 1908 performance of the operetta Little Nemo. He was told to stall for time while something was corrected backstage. In the scene, his character described imaginary prey he had hunted, so he created the "water-dwelling, food-gobbling" whiffenpoof on the spot. Yale students in the audience appropriated it for the name of their singing society.

Imaginary or indefinite animal
Particularly among hunters, "whiffenpoof" can be a tongue-in-cheek name for imaginary animal like the jackalope, or a placeholder name for an animal (analogous to "thingamajig"):

Therefore I have scant patience with the type of argument in rebuttal—on either side—that says in effect: "You say the whiffenpoof is—or is not—protectively coloured. Now the other day I was out, and I saw—or did not see—a whiffenpoof, etc."

the ringtailed whiffenpoof and the four-wheeled skeezicks are languishing in confinement...

Still-hunting offers the purest forest experience. In a stand or blind, you can hear the cry of the whiffenpoof, the tap-tap-tap of the redheaded woodpecker, the scurry of the field mouse, and the sound of a hunting partner going grunt.

"Whiffenpoof" has been used as a joking fictitious name for a member of the upper crust; a 1922 Philadelphia newspaper columnist writes of an opera performance attended by "Mrs. T. Whiffenpoof Oscarbilt, Mr. and Mrs. Dudbadubb Dodo and [their] three dashing daughters who have just finished a term at Mrs. Pettiduck's School for Incorrigibles at Woodfern-by-the-Sea."

title: Whiffenpoof


text:
List of 2001 Canadian incumbents

Crown

 * Head of State – Queen Elizabeth II

Federal government

 * Governor General – Adrienne Clarkson

Cabinet

 * Prime Minister – Jean Chrétien
 * Deputy Prime Minister – Herb Gray
 * Minister of Finance – Paul Martin
 * Minister of Foreign Affairs – John Manley
 * Minister of National Defence – Art Eggleton
 * Minister of Health – Allan Rock
 * Minister of Industry – Brian Tobin
 * Minister of Heritage – Sheila Copps
 * Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs – Stéphane Dion
 * Minister of the Environment – David Anderson
 * Minister of Justice – Anne McLellan
 * Minister of Transport – David Collenette
 * Minister of Citizenship and Immigration – Elinor Caplan
 * Minister of Fisheries and Oceans – Herb Dhaliwal
 * Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food – Lyle Vanclief
 * Minister of Public Works and Government Services – Alfonso Gagliano
 * Minister of Human Resources Development – Jane Stewart
 * Minister of Natural Resources – Ralph Goodale

Members of Parliament
See: 37th Canadian parliament

Party leaders

 * Liberal Party of Canada – Jean Chrétien
 * Canadian Alliance – Stockwell Day
 * Bloc Québécois – Gilles Duceppe
 * New Democratic Party- Alexa McDonough
 * Progressive Conservative Party of Canada – Joe Clark

Supreme Court justices

 * Chief Justice: Beverley McLachlin
 * Frank Iacobucci
 * John C. Major
 * Michel Bastarache
 * William Ian Corneil Binnie
 * Louise Arbour
 * Louis LeBel
 * Claire L'Heureux-Dubé
 * Charles D. Gonthier

Other

 * Speaker of the House of Commons – Gilbert Parent then Peter Milliken
 * Governor of the Bank of Canada – Gordon Thiessen then David Dodge
 * Chief of the Defence Staff – General Maurice Baril then General R.R. Henault

Premiers

 * Premier of Alberta – Ralph Klein
 * Premier of British Columbia – Ujjal Dosanjh then Gordon Campbell
 * Premier of Manitoba – Gary Doer
 * Premier of New Brunswick – Bernard Lord
 * Premier of Newfoundland – Beaton Tulk then Roger Grimes
 * Premier of Nova Scotia – John Hamm
 * Premier of Ontario – Mike Harris
 * Premier of Prince Edward Island – Pat Binns
 * Premier of Quebec – Lucien Bouchard then Bernard Landry
 * Premier of Saskatchewan – Roy Romanow then Lorne Calvert
 * Premier of the Northwest Territories – Stephen Kakfwi
 * Premier of Nunavut – Paul Okalik
 * Premier of Yukon – Pat Duncan

Lieutenant-governors

 * Lieutenant-Governor of Alberta – Lois Hole
 * Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia – Garde Gardom then Iona Campagnolo
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba – Peter Liba
 * Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick – Marilyn Trenholme Counsell
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador – Arthur Maxwell House then Edward Roberts
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia – Myra Freeman
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario – Hilary Weston
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Prince Edward Island – Gilbert Clements then Léonce Bernard
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec – Lise Thibault
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Saskatchewan – Lynda Haverstock

Mayors

 * Toronto – Mel Lastman
 * Montreal – Pierre Bourque then Gérald Tremblay
 * Vancouver – Philip Owen
 * Ottawa – Jim Watson then Bob Chiarelli
 * Victoria – Alan Lowe

Religious leaders

 * Roman Catholic Bishop of Quebec – Archbishop Maurice Couture
 * Roman Catholic Bishop of Montreal – Cardinal Archbishop Jean-Claude Turcotte
 * Roman Catholic Bishops of London – Bishop John Michael Sherlock
 * Moderator of the United Church of Canada – Marion Pardy

title: List of 2001 Canadian incumbents


text:
User talk:Hemanshu/poster

19:23, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia has almost no bureaucracy; one might say it has none at all. But it isn't just the "Wild West." There are social pressures and community norms, but perhaps that by itself doesn't constitute bureaucracy, because anybody can just go in and make any changes they feel like making. And other people generally like it when they do. So there aren't bottlenecks; anyone can come in and make progress on the project at any time. The project is self-policing. Editorial oversight is more or less continuous with writing, which seems, again, very efficient. :-) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Hemanshu (talk • contribs) 20 July 2004
 * just woundering if this is needed, as in experiance, the bit about there being no bureaucracy dosnt seem to be true, but then, maby ive just become so used to wiki's that buracracy seems to stand out more to me. tooto
 * Wikipedia has little official bureaucracy, but just as much political nonsense. <_<  Oc t  ane  [ improve me ] 01.11.07 1047 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hemanshu/poster


text:
Crew cut

A crew cut is a type of haircut in which the upright hair on the top of the head is cut relatively short, graduated in length from the longest hair that forms a short pomp (pompadour) at the front hairline to the shortest at the back of the crown so that in side profile, the outline of the top hair approaches the horizontal. Relative to the front view, and to varying degrees, the outline of the top hair can be arched or flattened at the short pomp front and rounded or flattened over the rest of the top to complement the front hairline, head shape, face shape and facial features. The hair on the sides and back of the head is usually tapered short, semi-short, or medium.

A short crew cut is sometimes referred to as a butch, though with the exception of variant forms, a butch differs from a crew cut in that the top hair is cut a uniform short length. A long crew cut can be referred to in the US as an ivy league crew cut or ivy league. A crew cut where the hair on the top of the head is graduated in length from the front hairline to a chosen point on the mid to back part of the crown as a flat plane, of level, upward sloping or downward sloping inclination is known as a flat top crew cut or flattop. The crew cut, flat top crew cut, butch cut and Ivy League haircut can be referred to as types of buzz cuts. These haircuts have become popular military-inspired styles for men who want a short and low-maintenance look.

History
In English, the crew cut and flat top crew cut were formerly known as the pompadour or short pompadour, as well as the brush cut, and had been worn since at least the mid-18th century. The style went by other names in other languages; in French, coupe à la brosse "cut like a brush"; in German, Bürstenschnitt; in Russian, ёжик "hedgehog." A short pompadour with a flat top was considered the standard while a somewhat curved appearance across the top was suggested for wider foreheads and face shapes. The style with a flat top acquired the name brush top short pompadour and the style with a more rounded top, round top short pompadour. Prior to the invention of electric clippers with a motor in the handle in 1921 and their ensuing marketing and widespread use, barbers considered the perfect short pompadour to be the most time-consuming style to trim. The term "crew haircut" was most likely coined to describe the hairstyles worn by members of Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Cornell and other university crew teams, which were short to keep the hair from being blown into the face of the rower as the boat races down the course opposite the direction the rower is seated with both hands on the oars, making it impossible to brush the hair out of the face. The name drew a contrast to football haircuts, which had been long since 1889 when Princeton football players began wearing long hair to protect against head injury, thereby starting a trend, not altogether welcome; mop haired football players were frequently caricatured in the popular press. In 1895, the championship Yale football team appeared with "close-cropped heads" and subsequently long hair went out of style for football. Almost concurrently, the first helmets began to appear. Crew cuts were popular in the 1920s and 1930s among college students, particularly in the Ivy League. The style was often worn as a summer haircut for its cooling effect. Men inducted into the military in World War II received G.I. haircuts, crew cuts, and a significant proportion continued to wear a crew cut while serving and after, as civilians. As long hair became popular in the mid-1960s, the crew cut and its variants waned in popularity through the 1970s. The crew cut began to come back into style in the late 1970s and early 1980s, with the flat-top crew cut being the most popular crew cut style during the 1980s.

Styling
Thicker hair that wants to readily stand upright is ideal for a crew cut; with an appropriate head shape, a crew cut may be possible with fairly thin hair. When designing a crew cut, a barber follows the general sequence of other medium to short haircuts; edging, siding and topping. When designing a new crew cut and the current style is not relatively short, the hair on top or all over the head may initially be shortened with shears or clippers. Edging and siding together form a taper which usually is short, semi-short or medium. For a crew cut, some barbers perform edging and siding as one integrated process, regardless, the upper sides are initially boxed in and then cut to final form when designing the top. The hair on the top of the head can be styled clipper or shears over comb or free hand with a clipper.With the clipper or shears over comb method, the comb is inserted in the upright hair at the desired length and the hair is reduced to this length by means of clippers or shears severing the hair above the teeth of the comb. Freehand means the clipper blade or guard does not determine the cut hair length but rather the distance the cutting blade is held above the scalp sets the cut length.

The barber selects the most complementary final form for the top according to face shape, skull shape, frontal hairline, and facial features within parameters set by customer instructions. Specifically, the short pompadour front can be made higher or lower, wider or narrower and can be flattened or arched to varying degrees across the forehead; the hair over the rest of the top can be more rounded or flattened; the upper sides can have more or less volume. In side profile, the outward appearance of the upright top hair should approach the horizontal; if the hair is cut so the upright top hair appears horizontal when the head is viewed from the front as well as the side, as a flat plane, the style is generally referred to as a flat-top crew cut or flat top; per customer wishes and the shape of the skull and frontal hairline, the flat plane can be level, upward or downward sloping relative to the forehead. A crew cut with a longer top can be referred to in the US as an ivy league crew cut or ivy league. A long crew cut might be graduated in length on the top of the head from 1+1/2 in at the front hairline to 1/2 in at the back of the crown. A crew cut with a shorter top might have a similar proportional graduated difference in the length of the hair on the top of the head. If a short crew cut is 3/4 in at the front hairline, the length of the hair at the back of the crown might be 1/4 in.

title: Crew cut


text:
Stroncone (disambiguation)

Stroncone is a town in Umbria, Italy. Stroncone may also refer to:

 * Santa Lucia Stroncone Astronomical Observatory, an observatory in Stroncone
 * 5609 Stroncone (1993 FU), a main-belt asteroid discovered from the observatory

title: Stroncone (disambiguation)


text:
List of Canadian incumbents by year

This is a list of Canadian incumbents in any given year. This includes cabinet ministers, premiers and lieutenant governors of provinces, mayors, Supreme Court justices, religious leaders, and others.

Twenty-first century

 * 2010 - 2009 - 2008 - 2007 - 2006 - 2005 - 2004 - 2003 - 2002 - 2001

Twentieth century

 * 2000 - 1999 - 1998 - 1997 - 1996 - 1995 - 1994 - 1993 - 1992 - 1991
 * 1990 - 1989 - 1988 - 1987 - 1986 - 1985 - 1984 - 1983 - 1982 - 1981
 * 1980 - 1979 - 1978 - 1977 - 1976 - 1975 - 1974 - 1973 - 1972 - 1971
 * 1970 - 1969 - 1968 - 1967 - 1966 - 1965 - 1964 - 1963 - 1962 - 1961
 * 1960 - 1959 - 1958 - 1957 - 1956 - 1955 - 1954 - 1953 - 1952 - 1951
 * 1950 - 1949 - 1948 - 1947 - 1946 - 1945 - 1944 - 1943 - 1942 - 1941
 * 1940 - 1939 - 1938 - 1937 - 1936 - 1935 - 1934 - 1933 - 1932 - 1931
 * 1930 - 1929 - 1928 - 1927 - 1926 - 1925 - 1924 - 1923 - 1922 - 1921
 * 1920 - 1919 - 1918 - 1917 - 1916 - 1915 - 1914 - 1913 - 1912 - 1911
 * 1910 - 1909 - 1908 - 1907 - 1906 - 1905 - 1904 - 1903 - 1902 - 1901

Nineteenth century

 * 1900 - 1899 - 1898 - 1897 - 1896 - 1895 - 1894 - 1893 - 1892 - 1891
 * 1890 - 1889 - 1888 - 1887 - 1886 - 1885 - 1884 - 1883 - 1882 - 1881
 * 1880 - 1879 - 1878 - 1877 - 1876 - 1875 - 1874 - 1873 - 1872 - 1871
 * 1870 - 1869 - 1868 - 1867

title: List of Canadian incumbents by year


text:
Upminster Windmill

Upminster Windmill is a Grade II* listed smock mill located in Upminster in the London Borough of Havering, England. It was formerly known as Abraham's Mill and was in Essex when built. It has been restored and is a museum open to the public at selected times.

History
Although there had been a windmill in Upminster since at least 1768, this mill was built for James Nokes of Hunt's Farm in Corbets Tey Road in 1803 on land transferred from Bridge House Farm which was owned by his brother William. It had four Common sails and drove three pairs of millstones. A steam engine was added early in 1811 driving two pairs of millstones, an action which increased the rateable value of the mill from £30 to £77. A fourth pair of millstones was added to the mill. James Nokes died in 1838 and the mill passed to his son Thomas. A fifth pair of millstones had been added by 1849 when Thomas Nokes was bankrupt. By 1856 the mill was driving six pairs of millstones by wind and steam. Thomas Abraham purchased the mill in 1857, having previously been in the employ of Nokes at both West Thurrock windmill and Upminster. He had also been in business at a steam mill in Navestock for the previous two years. In 1876, the upright shaft was broken in an accident at the mill. It was repaired with a cast-iron coupling.

Thomas Abraham died in 1882 and the mill passed to John Arkell Abraham. In 1889 the mill was struck by lightning and on 5 January 1900 the windshaft snapped at the neck and the sails crashed to the ground. A windshaft from a post mill near Maldon was fitted along with four new sails. After the death of John Arkell Abraham, the mill passed to his nephews Thomas, Alfred and Clement. In 1927 a stock was replaced and the fantail repaired. The mill last worked commercially in 1934 and was purchased for £3,400 by W H Simmonds. The steam-driven machinery was sold and the associated outbuildings decayed and were eventually demolished. The mill was subsequently purchased by Essex County Council in the late 1930s, and was listed in 1955

On 22 June 2004, the Upminster Windmill Preservation Trust were granted a 35-year lease on the mill. On 18 January 2007, the windmill suffered damage in extremely high winds. The stock sustained damage as did the sail, but there was little other damage to the mill. Two new sails were fitted by Vincent Pargeter in August 2008.

Description
The mill has a four-storey smock on a single-storey brick base. There is a stage at first-floor level. It has a boat-shaped cap with a gallery, winded by a six-bladed fantail. Four Patent sails are carried on a cast-iron windshaft. The mill drives four pairs of millstones by wind. The mill is 52 ft in height to the top of the cap.

Base
The brick base is 24 ft across the flats and 9 ft high. The brickwork is 34 in thick at ground level, diminishing to 18 in at the top.

Smock
The four-storey smock has cant posts of 13 in by 12 in section, 34 ft long. the sills are 12 in by 6 in in section, 18 ft long. The spout floor is 27 ft across the flats, the stone floor is 24 ft across the flats and the top of the smock tower is 14 ft diameter at the curb. The main floor beams are 12 in square at all levels except the dust floor. The main transoms are 8 in by 7 in in section at all levels.

Cap and fantail
The boat-shaped cap is 17 ft by 16 ft in plan and 8 ft high. The main sheer beams are 12 in square, on 10 ft centres, with the weatherbeam of 18 in by 12 in section at the centre and 13 in square at the ends. The cap is thought to be the work of the millwright William Bear of Ballingdon and is unusual in having an external gallery. The fantail consists of six wooden vanes set at right-angles to the sails, and has the year 1799 carved on the horizontal wooden beam beneath it.

Sails and windshaft
The octagonal cast-iron windshaft has two square sections to take a head wheel and tail wheel as was its intended purpose in a post mill, and was moved to Upminster from a post mill near Maldon in 1899 to replace one broken during a storm. It carries a 10 ft composite brake wheel with eight cast-iron arms and six wooden cants. The brake wheel has 78 cogs. The neck bearing of the windshaft is a roller bearing, fitted after the mill ceased working commercially.

Originally Upminster windmill had canvas sails, but the sails on the mill when it ceased working commercially were four double patent sails. They were carried on two stocks 46 ft long, 12 in square at the centre, tapering to 9 in by 6 in at the ends. The sails were 70 ft in span, and tapered from 7 ft wide at the heel to 6 ft at the tip. Each sail had twelve bays with three shutters per bay, giving a total of 288 shutters, each carved with a number in Roman numerals to indicate its location. The weather on the sails was 23° at the heel and almost 0° at the tip.

Machinery
The upright shaft is wooden, in two sections for reasons noted above. It is twelve sided, 18 in across the flats and 30 ft long in total. The wallower is of compass arm construction, 5 ft in diameter with 43 cogs. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the 10 ft compass arm great spur wheel has 126 cogs. It drives four pairs of underdrift millstones via stone nuts with 24 cogs.

The millstones are three pairs of French Burr stones and one pair of Peak stones. Two pairs of the French Burr stones are 4 ft in diameter, and the other two pairs of millstones are 4 ft in diameter.

Steam engine
The steam engine was located in a brick building built against the north-east side of the windmill, and drove two pairs of millstones, a centrifugal governor, and a sack hoist. The steam-driven millstones were located on two levels and driven by a 2+1/2 in shaft of 50 ft length, those on the upper floor being driven by a cast-iron bevel wheel with wooden cog inserts. It was also able to work various dressing machines in the windmill, but not the wind-driven stones. There is some difference over the exact type of engine, it being variously described as a grasshopper engine built by Napiers, and a Cornish boiler by Davey Paxman & Co. Both sources agree that the engine had formerly been used in a Thames steamboat. The steam engine itself was removed in 1940 and taken to South West Essex Technical College in Walthamstow, while the building and remaining contents were removed in 1960, with two of the millstones remaining at the windmill entrance.

Millers

 * James Nokes 1803–1838
 * Thomas Nokes 1838–1849
 * Thomas Abraham 1857–1882
 * John Arkell Abraham 1882–1912
 * Thomas, Alfred and Clement Abraham 1912–1934

References for above:-

Location
The mill is located in a small open space maintained by Havering Council, known as Windmill Field on St Mary's Lane. The nearest tube stations are Upminster Bridge tube station and Upminster station. Views from the top of the windmill include Canary Wharf and the transmitter at Crystal Palace.

title: Upminster Windmill


text:
Santa Lucia Stroncone Astronomical Observatory

The Santa Lucia Stroncone Astronomical Observatory (Osservatorio Astrometrico Santa Lucia Stroncone) is an astronomical observatory located at 350 m altitude in Stroncone, near the city of Terni, in Umbria, north central Italy.

It is an active center for the discovery of asteroids. Stroncone is also known as IAU/MPC observatory 589. It is located at longitude 12º38'24"E, latitude 42º30'55"N.

The main-belt asteroid 5609 Stroncone, discovered by amateur astronomer Antonio Vagnozzi at Stroncone in 1993, was named after the suburb where the discovering observatory is located.


text:
De Bellis Antiquitatis

De Bellis Antiquitatis or DBA (English: Of the Wars of Antiquity) is a fast play set of rules for the hobby of historical miniature wargaming, particularly ancient and medieval wargaming in the period 3000 BC to 1520 AD. Now in 3rd edition. These rules allow entire armies to be represented by fewer than 50 figures. The rules also include diagrams and over 600 army lists. DBA is produced by the Wargames Research Group and was the first game in the DBx series, which now includes De Bellis Multitudinis (DBM), De Bellis Magistrorum Militum (DBMM, a successor or alternative to DBM), Hordes of the Things (a fantasy version), De Bellis Renationis (DBR, a Renaissance version). and for 1700-1920 Horse Foot and Guns (HFG) An online video game titled DBA Online  was also created.

Scale and basing
Scale: Each army is composed of 12 elements (stands), with several figures fixed upon each one. The number of men represented by an element varies according to the size of the army simulated and the number of figures that it has, but at a nominal ground it would be more or less 250 for each figure. Ground scale is 1" = 100 paces for 15 mm figures or smaller, 40 mm = 100 paces for 25/28 mm figures. One turn, called a bound in the rules, represents 15 minutes. Can be used with 25/28 mm, 15 mm, 6 mm, or 2 mm figures (54mm and larger a possible with increased base size).

Basing: The width of the base depends upon the scale of figures being used; the depth depends upon both figure scale and type. The number of figures per base also depends upon the figure's type. For instance, an element of 15 mm swordsmen is composed of 4 figures mounted on a 40 mm (frontage) x 15 mm (depth) base; a 15 mm elephant is mounted alone on a 40 mm x 40 mm base.

History of the rules
DBA traces its origin back to a two-page experimental set of rules by Phil Barker dubbed De Bellis Societatis Antiquorum that was demonstrated at the Society of Ancients (after whom these experimental rules were named) conferences for 1988 and 1989. Many rulesets at that time (including Phil Barker's WRG series of ancients rules) had added greater and greater detail regarding weapons and armor, movement and orders. Many gamers perceived that this increased complexity came at a cost in playability.

The De Bellis Societatis Antiquorum ruleset was designed as a "tonic for the jaded" with the goal of providing a fun, fast and challenging game and as an alternative to the WRG series of ancients rules. The first commercial edition of DBA was published in 1990, with Phil and Sue Barker and Richard Bodley Scott as its authors. The game has continued to evolve over the years; the most recent version was published in November, 2014 with just Phil Barker and Sue Laflin Barker as authors.

 * DBA 1.0, 1990
 * DBA 1.1, March 1995
 * DBA 1.2, 1998 (Issued as a set of amendments)
 * DBA 1.22, 1999 (Issued as a set of amendments)
 * DBA 2.0, February 2001
 * DBA 2.1, 2003 (Issued as a set of amendments)
 * DBA 2.2, January 2004
 * There have been many variants of the game, one is DBA 2.2+, 2012 (Issued by WADBAG, unofficial)
 * DBA 3.0, November 2014

Online version
An online version known as DBAOL (DBA On-Line) was published by Wargaming.net in 2000, based upon DBA v1.2 and upgraded to 1.22. However the online version of the game was not upgraded to match newer versions of DBA, and the website announced that it is closing down from 1 December 2019.

Versions of DBA are available on Vassal and Tabletop simulator.

Gameplay
Players use a single six-sided die each, and games are played on a square field, which conventionally (though not necessarily) has sides that are roughly sixteen times the base width being used.

Though the exact details differ in different editions of the game, in the current version players roll dice to determine who will be the invader and who will be the defender. The defender uses a random process to place terrain according to his army's home territory, and the invader chooses which side his army will enter the board. The players then alternate in placing their camp model and armies, and the defender takes the first bound.

Players then alternate bounds. At the start of each bound, the active player dices for "PIPs". PIPs are the spots on a die. The number of PIPs rolled represents the player's level of control for the turn. Players spend their PIPs to move single elements or connected groups of elements on the game board. PIPs do not carry over from turn to turn. PIPs simulate (though not model) the difficulties of command and control during a battle, and players find that once battle is joined, they often need to spend all of their available PIPs shoring up their battle line, with few PIPs left over for maneuver of un-engaged elements.

After making any such desired moves, the players then conduct combat, both ranged and close combat, adjudicated in the order specified by the active player.

Combat is resolved per-element, in the order desired by the active player. To resolve combat, each player throws one die and adds modifiers for both troop type and battlefield situation (such as being outflanked or up hill). The higher roll wins the combat and results are applied immediately, before the next combat is decided. Achieving a roll twice as high as your opponent generally destroys that opponent, with lesser successes merely pushing the opponent back out of the line of battle. Note that since results are applied immediately, shrewd players resolve combats whose results can give them advantages against other elements in future combats.

Once all combats have been resolved, the other player takes their turn. The game continues in this way until one of the players achieves the win condition - the destruction of 1/3 of the enemy's army. In the event of a tie at the end of bound, play continues until the end of a bound where one player has lost more than the opponent.

Criticisms
Some players have found Phil Barker's succinct rule writing style to be difficult to decipher, referring to it as "Barkerese". The current version involved many players giving the author advice to improve the format and readability.

Due to the nature of DBA's combat system, DBA is often criticized as being over-"geometric", as elements are matched up in precise ways, and base widths must match up with some precision. Many of the improvements in the various editions of DBA have been to address geometric concerns and "millimetrics".

Legacy
Over the years, several historical and fantasy wargame systems stemmed from the original DBA rules and its fantasy derivative, Hordes of the Things. These systems tended to retain similar basing standards compared with DBA, but strived for an overall clearer presentation of the rules (in clear contrast to the "Barkerese"), while modifying existing rules and units, and introducing new ones. These systems also offered a more streamlined player support, with rules errata, Facebook groups and forums. Most systems abandoned the traditional 12-elements army model, and created a point-based system to allow for a more balanced confrontations between armies.

As of July 2022, examples include (but are not limited to):

 * Armati
 * Art de la Guerre
 * Basic Impetus and Impetus
 * Fantastic Battles
 * Lion Rampant and Dragon Rampant
 * Mortem et Gloriam
 * Sword and Spear
 * To the Strongest!
 * Triumph! and Fantasy Triumph!

title: De Bellis Antiquitatis