text:
leucopoïèse

Noun

 * 1) leukopoiesis

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: leucopoïèse


text:
ligamentaire

Adjective

 * 1) ligamentary

title: ligamentaire


text:
linaigrette

Noun

 * 1) cottongrass; cottonsedge

title: linaigrette


text:
Tanori

Etymology
Borrowed from a Mexican native language.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Tanori is the 40082nd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 547 individuals. Tanori is most common among Hispanic/Latino (92.69%) individuals.

title: Tanori


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/obrokъ

Etymology
From *ob- +.

Descendants
undefined
 * East Slavic:
 * South Slavic:
 * Chakavian :
 * Chakavian :
 * Chakavian :
 * Kajkavian :
 * Kajkavian :
 * West Slavic:
 * Chakavian :
 * Chakavian :
 * Chakavian :
 * Kajkavian :
 * Kajkavian :
 * West Slavic:
 * Chakavian :
 * Chakavian :
 * Chakavian :
 * Kajkavian :
 * Kajkavian :
 * West Slavic:
 * Kajkavian :
 * West Slavic:
 * West Slavic:
 * Non-Slavic:

authors: Илья А. Латушкин

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/obrokъ


text:
limonaire

Etymology
From the name of the fabricant,.

Noun

 * 1) A large type of barrel organ.

title: limonaire


text:
שפת מדרכה

Noun

 * 1) curb, kerb

title: שפת מדרכה


text:
Sejour

Etymology
Borrowed from ; this surname is predominantly found in Haiti.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Sejour is the 40082nd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 547 individuals. Sejour is most common among Black/African American (93.24%) individuals.

title: Sejour


text: leucopoïèses

title: leucopoïèses


text: ⱁⰱⱃⱁⰽⱏ

title: ⱁⰱⱃⱁⰽⱏ


text:
limeur

Adjective

 * 1) filing; that files

title: limeur


text:
lord-maire

Noun

 * 1) Lord Mayor

title: lord-maire


text: Category:peh:Baby animals

title: Category:peh:Baby animals


text: Category:peh:Animals

title: Category:peh:Animals


text: Category:peh:Lifeforms

title: Category:peh:Lifeforms


text: Category:peh:List of set categories

title: Category:peh:List of set categories


text: Category:peh:Nature

title: Category:peh:Nature


text:
loriquet

Noun

 * 1) lorikeet

title: loriquet


text: Category:peh:List of related-to categories


text: Category:peh:All topics

title: Category:peh:All topics


text:
lovelace

Noun

 * 1) Lovelace; Don Juan

title: lovelace


text: Tanoris

title: Tanoris


text: Sejours

title: Sejours


text:
ludion

Noun

 * 1) Cartesian diver

title: ludion


text:
luisance

Noun

 * 1) shine; brightness

title: luisance


text:
lunetterie

Noun

 * 1) glasses factory or workshop

title: lunetterie


text:
madréporaire

Adjective

 * 1) madreporic

title: madréporaire


text: frr

title: frr


text:
macrocyste

Noun

 * 1) macrocyst

title: macrocyste


text: frs

title: frs


text:
macroscélide

Noun

 * 1) macroscelid; elephant shrew

title: macroscélide


text:
macroure

Adjective

 * 1) long-tailed

title: macroure


text:
magnanarelle

Noun

 * 1) A worker on a silkworm farm

title: magnanarelle


text:
magnésiothermie

Noun

 * 1) magnesiothermy

title: magnésiothermie


text: magnanarelles

title: magnanarelles


text:
magnétomoteur

Noun

 * 1) magnetomotor

title: magnétomoteur


text:
microglossaire

Noun

 * 1) microglossary

title: microglossaire


text:
microcéphale

Adjective

 * 1) microcephalic

title: microcéphale


text:
Shiveley

Etymology
Variant of.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Shiveley is the 40082nd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 547 individuals. Shiveley is most common among White (92.5%) individuals.

title: Shiveley


text:
mise en jeu

Noun

 * 1)  face-off

title: mise en jeu


text: glv

title: glv


text:
motociste

Noun

 * 1) motorbike seller or repairer

title: motociste


text:
motonautique

Adjective

 * 1)  motorboating

title: motonautique


text:
terrorbombning

Etymology
🇰🇲. Attested since the 1940s.

Noun

 * 1) terror bombing aerial bombardment of civilian targets

title: terrorbombning


text:
Scharrer

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Scharrer is the 40082nd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 547 individuals. Scharrer is most common among White (96.16%) individuals.

title: Scharrer


text: terrorbombningen

title: terrorbombningen


text: terrorbombningar

title: terrorbombningar


text: terrorbombningarna

title: terrorbombningarna


text: terrorbombnings

title: terrorbombnings


text: terrorbombningens

title: terrorbombningens


text: terrorbombningars

title: terrorbombningars


text: terrorbombningarnas

title: terrorbombningarnas


text: Scharrers

title: Scharrers


text: Shiveleys

title: Shiveleys


text:
multifilaire

Adjective

 * 1) multiline

title: multifilaire


text:
multiplexeur

Noun

 * 1) multiplexer

title: multiplexeur


text:
multitubulaire

Adjective

 * 1) multitubular

title: multitubulaire


text:
muphti

Noun

 * 1) mufti

title: muphti


text: multitaskaus

title: multitaskaus


text:
mussipontain

Adjective

 * 1) Of or from

title: mussipontain


text: Constantynoble

title: Constantynoble


text:
samkönat äktenskap

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) gay marriage

title: samkönat äktenskap


text:
User talk:FriendofRafid

Reverts
You need to learn what a doublet is before editing more entries because you clearly don't. The further etymology about the Arabic terms are unnecessary and irrelevant to entry, plus it is miscategorizing the entry into CAT:Arabic compound terms. Use xlit instead eq as those are NOT English names, but mere transliterations of foreign names.

Further reverting of my edits will lead to your temp block for “Disruptive edits”. — Fenakhay ( حيطي · مساهماتي ) 12:07, 9 April 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:FriendofRafid


text:
തലയണ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) pillow

title: തലയണ


text:
Citations:Petwo

 * 2016, Celucien L. Joseph, Nixon S. Cleophat, Vodou in the Haitian Experience, p. 187:
 * Recalling that the Petwo rite was born through the harshness of enslavement, in Haiti, it stands to reason that aspects of its religious rituals and practices would address issues of ethics and morality, in addition to other aspects of spiritualism that have been ingratiated into Haitian Vodou.

 * 2007, Kevin Filan, The Haitian Vodou Handbook, Destiny Books 2007, p. 31:
 * The Petwo lwa are powerful sorcerers, but they are also known to be fierce and are generally approached with some caution.

title: Citations:Petwo


text:
Troth

Etymology
From, a nickname for someone who was inclined to take oaths.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Troth is the 40082nd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 547 individuals. Troth is most common among White (94.88%) individuals.

title: Troth


text: Petwo

title: Petwo


text: gmh

title: gmh


text:
തോർത്ത്

Noun

 * 1) towel

title: തോർത്ത്


text:
Van Skiver

Etymology
Variant of.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Van Skiver is the 40082nd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 547 individuals. Van Skiver is most common among White (95.98%) individuals.

title: Van Skiver


text: തുവർത്ത്

title: തുവർത്ത്


text: Van Skivers

title: Van Skivers


text: Troths

title: Troths


text: あやせ

title: あやせ


text:
gsw

Etymology
Probably from German, South-West

title: gsw


text: guj

title: guj


text: gwi

title: gwi


text:
McGrail

Etymology
Anglicized form of, a variant of , from which.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, McGrail is the 13700th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 2210 individuals. McGrail is most common among White (95.97%) individuals.

title: McGrail


text:
Oestreich

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Oestreich is the 13690th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 2212 individuals. Oestreich is most common among White (96.75%) individuals.

title: Oestreich


text: Oestreichs

title: Oestreichs


text: McGrails

title: McGrails


text:
multipaskaus

Etymology
(Imperfect)

Noun

 * 1) practice of performing multiple tasks simultaneously, all equally badly

title: multipaskaus


text:
καθά

Etymology
From ; from and the neuter plural of  respectively.

Adverb

 * 1) according to which, just as

title: καθά


text:
Gherdëina

Proper noun

 * 1)  Val Gardena (a valley in the Italian Alps)

title: Gherdëina


text: hmn

title: hmn


text: hrv

title: hrv


text:
hsb

Etymology
of.

title: hsb


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/obrǫčь

Etymology
From *ob- + +.

Noun

 * 1) hoop

Descendants
undefined
 * East Slavic:
 * South Slavic:
 * Old
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * South Slavic:
 * Old
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * Old
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Non-Slavic:

authors: Илья А. Латушкин

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/obrǫčь


text:
Knauss

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Knauss is the 13690th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 2212 individuals. Knauss is most common among White (95.16%) individuals.

title: Knauss


text: Knausses

title: Knausses


text:
Talk:朝元

Five definitions
There are five definitions of this term here: https://www.zdic.net/hans/%E6%9C%9D%E5%85%83 173.88.246.138 13:56, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:朝元


text:
Talk:有內味了

"air"
What does "(air)" mean in the context of this definition? 173.88.246.138 13:58, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:有內味了


text:
заплутувати

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to entangle, to ravel, to tangle
 * 2)  to complicate, to muddle,  to obfuscate
 * 3)  to embroil, to enmesh, to entangle

title: заплутувати


text:
заплутати

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to entangle, to ravel, to tangle
 * 2)  to complicate, to muddle
 * 3)  to embroil, to enmesh, to entangle

title: заплутати


text:
יום יום

Adjective

 * 1) daily, everyday

title: יום יום


text:
Val Badia

Proper noun

 * 1) Badia Valley

title: Val Badia


text:
ghurghang

Etymology
From, compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) lamb

title: ghurghang


text:
צעד צעד

Adjective

 * 1) step by step

title: צעד צעד


text:
çevrim

Noun

 * 1) cycle
 * 2) network
 * 3)  circuit
 * 4)  Conversion of electrical energy into another type of energy.

title: çevrim


text:
imang

Etymology
From, compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) goat

title: imang


text:
çaşıt

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  spy
 * 2)  a person whose purpose to break people's relationships.
 * 1)  a person whose purpose to break people's relationships.

title: çaşıt


text:
ряженка

Noun

 * 1) ryazhenka (fermented baked milk)

title: ряженка


text:
wôbrãcz

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) hoop

title: wôbrãcz


text:
сродниться

Verb

 * 1) to become intimate (with), feel at home (among)
 * 2) to get to like, become (emotionally) involved (with)

title: сродниться


text: Citations:give a damn

title: Citations:give a damn


text:
wobruč

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) hoop

title: wobruč


text:
விட

Etymology
From the infinitive of.

Conjunction

 * 1) than

title: விட


text: πέλουσι

title: πέλουσι


text:
tsubibo

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) merry-go-round; carousel
 * 2) Ferris wheel

title: tsubibo


text:
uncountit

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) uncounted

title: uncountit


text:
தவிர

Etymology
From the infinitive of.

Postposition

 * 1) besides

title: தவிர


text:
gwiazda wieczorna

Etymology
lit. 'evening star'.

title: gwiazda wieczorna


text:
Gwiazda Wieczorna

Etymology
lit. 'Evening Star'.

Noun

 * 1) evening star

title: Gwiazda Wieczorna


text:
gwiazda poranna

Etymology
lit. 'morning star'.

title: gwiazda poranna


text:
bildirçin

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) quail

title: bildirçin


text: Category:Northern Mariana Islands Chamorro


text:
འབྲའ

Noun

 * 1) rice

title: འབྲའ


text:
nivo-glaciaire

Adjective

 * 1) nivoglacial

title: nivo-glaciaire


text:
Teilgebiet

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  subfield, branch

title: Teilgebiet


text: Teilgebietes

title: Teilgebietes


text: Teilgebiets

title: Teilgebiets


text: Teilgebiete

title: Teilgebiete


text:
nivo-pluvial

Adjective

 * 1) nivopluvial

title: nivo-pluvial


text:
nitrobenzène

Noun

 * 1) nitrobenzene

title: nitrobenzène


text:
nitrurer

Verb

 * 1) to nitride

title: nitrurer


text:
Çankırı

Etymology
From

Translations

 * Arabic: جانقري
 * Armenian: Չանքըրը
 * Azerbaijani: Çanqırı
 * Bulgarian: Чанкъръ
 * Georgian: ჩანქირი
 * Greek:
 * Ottoman Turkish: چانقیری
 * Persian: چانقری
 * Russian:
 * Tajik: Чонқирӣ
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: Чанкири

Etymology
From, itself likely from.

title: Çankırı


text:
Denizli

Etymology
.

title: Denizli


text:
Fatsa

Etymology
From

title: Fatsa


text:
Hopa

Etymology
.

title: Hopa


text:
Isparta

Etymology
From.

title: Isparta


text:
colar bane

Noun

 * 1) collarbone

title: colar bane


text: Lüleburgaz

title: Lüleburgaz


text:
Manisa

Etymology
From.

title: Manisa


text:
Ordu

Etymology
.

title: Ordu


text:
Pazar

Etymology
From.

title: Pazar


text:
nivéal

Adjective

 * 1) nival

title: nivéal


text:
նեղել

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to oppress, to harass, to trouble, to vex, to annoy

title: նեղել


text:
notairesse

Etymology
From.

title: notairesse


text:
non-paiement

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) nonpayment

title: non-paiement


text:
non-exécution

Noun

 * 1) nonexecution

title: non-exécution


text:
Şarköy

Etymology
From

title: Şarköy


text:
Ünye

Etymology
From

title: Ünye


text:
noumène

Noun

 * 1) noumenon

title: noumène


text: Category:ca:Metalworking

title: Category:ca:Metalworking


text:
océanide

Noun

 * 1) Oceanid

title: océanide


text:
Yalova

Etymology

 * equivalent to.

title: Yalova


text:
octocoralliaire

Noun

 * 1) octocorallian

title: octocoralliaire


text:
oculariste

Etymology
From, 1858.

Noun

 * 1) ocularist

title: oculariste


text:
oculogyre

Adjective

 * 1) oculogyral

title: oculogyre


text:
odelette

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) odelet

title: odelette


text:
oligopsone

Noun

 * 1) oligopsony

title: oligopsone


text:
渦輪噴氣

Noun

 * 1)  turbojet

title: 渦輪噴氣


text: 涡轮喷气

title: 涡轮喷气


text: 渦噴

title: 渦噴


text: 涡喷

title: 涡喷


text:
oscillaire

Noun

 * 1) Any filamentous diatom of the  genus

title: oscillaire


text:
osmonde

Noun

 * 1) osmunda

title: osmonde


text:
ostensif

Adjective

 * 1) ostensive

title: ostensif


text:
ostiak

Noun

 * 1) Ostyak language

title: ostiak


text:
otocyste

Noun

 * 1) otocyst

title: otocyste


text:
pairesse

Etymology
From. .

Noun

 * 1) peeress

title: pairesse


text:
palataliser

Verb

 * 1) to palatalize

title: palataliser


text:
palémon

Noun

 * 1) palaemonid

title: palémon


text:
paléosol

Noun

 * 1) paleosol

title: paléosol


text:
paralittéraire

Adjective

 * 1) paraliterary

title: paralittéraire


text:
parkérisation

Noun

 * 1) Parkerization

title: parkérisation


text:
parulie

Noun

 * 1) parulis

title: parulie


text:
parurerie

Noun

 * 1) bling

title: parurerie


text:
pasteurisateur

Noun

 * 1) pasteurizer

title: pasteurisateur


text:
pécaïre

Interjection

 * 1)  gadzooks!; darnation!

title: pécaïre


text:
pédiculé

Adjective

 * 1) pedicelled

title: pédiculé


text:
ἅγιον

Noun

 * 1) holy place, sanctuary

title: ἅγιον


text:
pédimane

Adjective

 * 1) pedimanous

Noun

 * 1) pedimane

title: pédimane


text:
pehlvi

Adjective

 * 1) Middle Persian

Noun

 * 1) Pahlavi

title: pehlvi


text:
peigneuse

Noun

 * 1) comber

title: peigneuse


text:
peigneur

Noun

 * 1) comber

title: peigneur


text:
pilulaire

Adjective

 * 1) pilular

title: pilulaire


text: pilo-sébacé

title: pilo-sébacé


text:
pilulier

Noun

 * 1) pillbox

title: pilulier


text:
pinceur

Noun

 * 1) pincher
 * 2) plucker

title: pinceur


text: pinnothère

title: pinnothère


text:
pioupiou

Noun

 * 1) tweet (of a baby bird)
 * 2) chick (baby bird)
 * 3)  inexperienced soldier, especially in the infantry

title: pioupiou


text:
cangoyseyna

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) index finger

title: cangoyseyna


text:
pipelet

Noun

 * 1) caretaker; janitor; concierge
 * 2) chatterbox

title: pipelet


text:
pique-niquer

Verb

 * 1) to picnic

title: pique-niquer


text:
prédigérer

Verb

 * 1) to predigest

title: prédigérer


text:
préétablir

Verb

 * 1) to preestablish

title: préétablir


text:
préfloraison

Noun

 * 1) preflowering

title: préfloraison


text:
préhenseur

Adjective

 * 1) prehensile

title: préhenseur


text:
prélart

Noun

 * 1) tarpaulin

title: prélart


text:
prélatin

Adjective

 * 1) pre-Latin

title: prélatin


text: uiguren

title: uiguren


text: uigurer

title: uigurer


text: uigurerna

title: uigurerna


text:
prélature

Noun

 * 1) prelateship

title: prélature


text:
première-née

Noun

 * : female firstborn

title: première-née


text: uigurens

title: uigurens


text: uigurers

title: uigurers


text: uigurernas

title: uigurernas


text:
prémunition

Noun

 * 1) premunition

title: prémunition


text:
préopératoire

Adjective

 * 1) preoperatory

title: préopératoire


text:
présalaire

Noun

 * 1) presalary

title: présalaire


text:
présélecteur

Noun

 * 1) preselector

title: présélecteur


text:
préservateur

Adjective

 * 1) preservatory

title: préservateur


text:
présonorisation

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  playback

title: présonorisation


text:
pré-électoral

Adjective

 * 1) preelectoral

title: pré-électoral


text: pré-salé

title: pré-salé


text:
pé frio

Etymology
lit. 'cold foot'.

Adjective

 * 1)  unlucky

title: pé frio


text: Fratzen

title: Fratzen


text: Citations:crowned

title: Citations:crowned


text:
Zuruf

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) holler, call

title: Zuruf


text: Zurufe

title: Zurufe


text: Zurufes

title: Zurufes


text: rymdskeppet

title: rymdskeppet


text: rymdskeppets

title: rymdskeppets


text: Zurufs

title: Zurufs


text: rymdskeppen

title: rymdskeppen


text: rymdskeppens

title: rymdskeppens


text: rymdskepps

title: rymdskepps


text:
proxykrig

Etymology
, from 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) proxy war

title: proxykrig


text: mitzumachen

title: mitzumachen


text:
rymdfarkost

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) spacecraft

title: rymdfarkost


text: rymdfarkosten

title: rymdfarkosten


text: rymdfarkoster

title: rymdfarkoster


text: rymdfarkosterna

title: rymdfarkosterna


text: rymdfarkosts

title: rymdfarkosts


text: rymdfarkostens

title: rymdfarkostens


text:
Niepokalane Poczęcie

Etymology
lit. 'Immaculate Conception'. .

Proper noun

 * 1)  Immaculate Conception
 * 2)  Immaculate Conception

title: Niepokalane Poczęcie


text: rymdfarkosters

title: rymdfarkosters


text: rymdfarkosternas

title: rymdfarkosternas


text:
ombudskrig

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) proxy war

title: ombudskrig


text: Constantynople

title: Constantynople


text:
Empfehlungsschreiben

Noun

 * 1) letter of recommendation, testimonial

title: Empfehlungsschreiben


text: Empfehlungsschreibens

title: Empfehlungsschreibens


text:
proxyserver

Etymology
From 🇰🇲, an adaptation of consisting of words that have been borrowed individually.

Noun

 * 1)  a proxy server

title: proxyserver


text: übertüncht

title: übertüncht


text: übertünchte

title: übertünchte


text: übertünchten

title: übertünchten


text:
τυροκομείο

Etymology
. Compare to the Hellenistic Koine Greek

Noun

 * 1) cheese factory

Related terms
, &

title: τυροκομείο


text: überliest

title: überliest


text: überlas

title: überlas


text: überläse

title: überläse


text: überlese

title: überlese


text:
Holztür

Noun

 * 1) wooden door

title: Holztür


text: Holztüren

title: Holztüren


text: τυροκομεία

title: τυροκομεία


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ogňišče

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) fireplace, hearthstone

Descendants

 * East Slavic:
 * South Slavic:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * South Slavic:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ogňišče


text: Category:Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-išče


text:
ঝোঁকা

Verb

 * 1) to lean, to stoop

title: ঝোঁকা


text:
огњиште

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) fireplace, hearthstone

title: огњиште


text:
ognjište

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) fireplace, hearthstone

title: ognjište


text: Category:Leyte Cebuano

title: Category:Leyte Cebuano


text:
მინჯე

Etymology
Akin to 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) owner, holder, master, patron

title: მინჯე


text: τυ

title: τυ


text: τύ

title: τύ


text:
стаффаж

Etymology
. Analyzable as, with a residual base component.

Noun

 * 1) staffage

title: стаффаж


text: Beinkleides

title: Beinkleides


text: Beinkleids

title: Beinkleids


text: Beinkleider

title: Beinkleider


text:
תהודה

Noun

 * 1) resonance

title: תהודה


text:
uigurisk

Adjective

 * 1) Uyghur of, from, or pertaining to the Uyghur people or the Uyghur language

title: uigurisk


text: Beinkleidern

title: Beinkleidern


text: Beinkleide

title: Beinkleide


text: uiguriskt

title: uiguriskt


text: uiguriske

title: uiguriske


text:
uiguriska

Noun

 * 1) a female Uyghur
 * 2)  Uyghur; the language of the Uyghur people

title: uiguriska


text: uiguriskan

title: uiguriskan


text: uiguriskor

title: uiguriskor


text: uiguriskorna

title: uiguriskorna


text: uiguriskas

title: uiguriskas


text: uiguriskans

title: uiguriskans


text: uiguriskors

title: uiguriskors


text: uiguriskornas

title: uiguriskornas


text: Knix

title: Knix


text:
flygkapning

Etymology
🇰🇲. Attested since 1970.

Noun

 * 1) skyjacking

title: flygkapning


text: Category:Rhymes:German/ɪks

title: Category:Rhymes:German/ɪks


text:
flygkapare

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) skyjacker

title: flygkapare


text:
kapare

Etymology
From earlier, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) hidalgo

Etymology
. Cognate of 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) a hijacker
 * 2)  a privateer (ship)
 * 3)  a privateer (government-sanctioned pirate)

title: kapare


text: Category:Rhymes:German/ɪks/3 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:German/ɪks/3 syllables


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zordъ

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) haystack

Descendants

 * East Slavic:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zordъ


text:
flux tendu

Noun

 * 1)   just-in-time manufacturing way of organizing production whereby supply is closely matched to demand, so that there is no excess; way of working without any stock, only producing when there's an explicit demand by a client

title: flux tendu


text: Category:Rhymes:German/ɪks/2 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:German/ɪks/2 syllables


text: kaparen

title: kaparen


text: kaparens

title: kaparens


text: kaparna

title: kaparna


text: kaparnas

title: kaparnas


text: flygkaparen

title: flygkaparen


text: flygkaparens

title: flygkaparens


text: flygkaparna

title: flygkaparna


text: flygkaparnas

title: flygkaparnas


text: flygkapares

title: flygkapares


text: flygkapningen

title: flygkapningen


text: flygkapningar

title: flygkapningar


text: flygkapningarna

title: flygkapningarna


text: flygkapnings

title: flygkapnings


text: flygkapningens

title: flygkapningens


text: flygkapningars

title: flygkapningars


text: flygkapningarnas

title: flygkapningarnas


text:
Schreibmaschinist

Noun

 * 1)  typist

title: Schreibmaschinist


text: Schreibmaschinistin

title: Schreibmaschinistin


text: Schreibmaschinistinnen

title: Schreibmaschinistinnen


text: Schreibmaschinisten

title: Schreibmaschinisten


text:
flygplanskapare

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) skyjacker

title: flygplanskapare


text:
flygplanskapning

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) skyjacking

title: flygplanskapning


text: ipk

title: ipk


text: isl

title: isl


text:
User:Alexlin01/NH cognates/Lower level reconstructions

Galela-Loloda *'u.dom

 * (transitive) to drink
 * Related to 🇨🇬, which Baarda says derives from Galela. However, this doesn't explain the final m, unless the form is instead from Loloda. Could alternatively have been inherited as well.

Sahuic *'ba.ʔu

 * sago

 * (P & T)

Sahuic *'bo.ŋol

 * cheek

 * (P), (T)

Sahuic *'di.ʔim

 * tail

 * (P & T)

Sahuic *'e.noʔ

 * skin

 * (P & T)

Sahuic *'ga.ter

 * chest (of body)

☆ May be related to PNH *'ga.te(r) ("liver") if we also have the secondary meaning of "heart".
 * (P & T; P form is irregular: gatere is expected)

Sahuic *ka.'u.na

 * dog
 * External comparisons with Proto-Sangiric *kapuna ("dog") make a PNNH (or Pre-Sahuic?) form *kap1una seem likely.

Ternate-Tidore *bu.Li.ga

 * charm, magic, magical formula

Ternate-Tidore *bo.Li.to

 * misfortune, accident

Ternate-Tidore *do.'p2o.lo

 * head

Ternate-Tidore *'hu.La

 * sago; sago palm
 * Compare 🇨🇬

Ternate-Tidore *'i.su

 * breast

Ternate-Tidore *'o.ru

 * belly

Ternate-Tidore *'p2e.Lu

 * (stative) crooked

Ternate-Tidore *'ra.u

 * leaf
 * From 🇨🇬, borrowed early enough that the final consonant was lost.

Ternate-Tidore *so.'Li.Li

 * earthquake

Ternate-Tidore *so.'ŋa.ji

 * sangaji

Ternate-Tidore *'su.Lo

 * (transitive) to order, command

Ternate-Tidore *'u.Li

 * steering wheel; (transitive) to steer
 * Almost certainly cognate with 🇨🇬


text: jpr

title: jpr


text:
haudutuslaatikko

Noun

 * 1)  retained-heat cooker, insulation cooker, fireless cooker a well-insulated container in which a hot cooking vessel of food is placed to simmer until fully cooked

title: haudutuslaatikko


text: jrb

title: jrb


text: keittolaatikko

title: keittolaatikko


text:
Spürsinn

Noun

 * 1)  nose
 * 2)  instinct, intuition

title: Spürsinn


text: Spürsinns

title: Spürsinns


text: Spürsinne

title: Spürsinne


text:
User:Alexlin01/NH cognates/Phonology

All are tentative.

Proto-North Halmahera
1 This is Voorhoeve's *S, but I personally tend toward a voiced phoneme.

Reflexes
All are tentative and subject to significant revision.

1 Lost phonemic status without having been lost phonetically. 2 Should not be too old of a stage; may even be able to call it "Old Tobelo" if any historical attestations exist.

Modole

 * 1) Glottal-Stop Insertion Rule (in PNeNH)
 * 2) Loss of all glottal stops (🇨🇬, 🇨🇬)
 * 3) *k → ʔ (fairly recent, even Ternate loans have ʔ in place of k)

Tabaru

 * 1) *c → t
 * 2) *l → Ø (🇨🇬 from 🇨🇬)

Sahuic

 * 1) *k → ʔ
 * 2) *p1 → w
 * 3) * 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬 (all borrowed - inherited terms shouldn't have /k/) all compare with Proto-Sangiric *kapuna ("dog")

*p1 vs. *p2
The phoneme /*p1/ may have been [pʷ] and /*p2/ may have been [p]. Evidence for /*p1/ = [pʷ]:

Alternations between *p1 and *p2
Note the alternations (with similar, if not identical, meanings) between the pair *'p1a.lus and *'p2a.lus and the pair *'p1o.kor and *'p2o.kor. Also, a number of languages have an irregular development of *'p1 to p or *'p2 to f/h/w.

*Z

 * 1) Consonant temporarily denoted /*Z/ (since I can only think of something like /ʐ/ or /ʂ/ that could give rise to these), with the consonant correspondences:
 * 2) * Galela /s/, Tobelo /h/, Tabaru /s/, Modole /h/; Loloda /d͡ʒ/, Pagu /l/, Sahu /r/; Ternate /r/, Tidore /r/, W. Makian /d/
 * 3) * PGL: /*Z/
 * 4) ** Pre-Galela: merged with /*s/
 * 5) ** Pre-Loloda: merged with /*ḋ/
 * 6) *** Loloda: /d͡ʒ/
 * 7) * PSahuic: merged with /*r/
 * 8) * Pre-Tobelo: merged with /*s/
 * 9) * Pre-Tabaru: merged with /*s/
 * 10) * Pre-Pagu: merged with /*r/ or /*l/ (depending on whether Pagu /r/ descends from PNH or is a reintroduction after merging with /l/)
 * 11) * Pre-Modole: merged with /*s/
 * 12) * PTT: merged with /*r/
 * 13) * Old W. Makian: merged with /*d/?

*c (and *j)
Consonant temporarily denoted /*c/ that develops into /t/ (Galela, Loloda, Tabaru, Tobelo, Pagu, Modole) and /c/ (Sahu, Ternate, Tidore), with W. Makian as yet uncertain.

*ʔ
May not be phonemic (see Kotynski's paper), and for now is phonetically indicated wherever possible. Initial-position reconstruction for nouns is almost entirely dependent on the Sahu reflex and for verbs can be adduced from how its N- prefixed form surfaces (with initial g indicating a glottal stop and initial ng indicating a plain vowel - as per both Hayami-Allen and Kotynski). Tobelo may also be helpful, but needs more investigation. Medially, Galela and Tabaru reflexes also presumably continue PNNH *ʔ.

Specifically, initial glottal stops in Tabaru reflect both PNNH vowel-initials and ʔ-initials. A lack of initial ʔ in Tabaru is evidence of a lost consonant (PNH *h, *l, *w, and sometimes ḋ). Galela appears to introduce a non-phonemic ʔ before every intial stressed vowel.

It is possible that *ʔ may have originally been /*q/. This could explain its *N- prefixed realization *g, if the process were *N- + *q → *ɢ and *ɢ merged with *g while *q developed into a glottal stop. May also explain the errant realizations of *'ʔa.ŋe(r) ("three"), with *ʔ surfacing as both a glottal stop and as k.

*L?
And so we have the following distribution

 * but see also *moleun, *p2ilok, *p2olikur

 * While these may be conditioned instances of /l/ by neighboring /o/, /u/, or /a/, there are many terms (like *ŋolot, *p1ola, *laḋem, *lakem, *p2olotek), that suggest /l/ contrasts from this /L/.
 * Also, Fortgens, in his Tabaru Grammar, notes "Veel Tab. woorden hebben een l tegen die van het S.-W. een d." (pg. 323). Fortgens hadn't yet discovered the implosives in Sahu.
 * Interesting to note is how many of the above terms are likely borrowed from Austronesian.

Potential correspondences

 * 1) Final (ignoring the echo) Paḏisua ʔ and Tala'i ḏ
 * 2) Occasional Northern (Tabaru, Tobelo, Galela, etc.) s and Ternate/Tidore/Sahu c when the more usual correspondence is t and c

"Improper Retentions" in non-TT/Sahuic "inherited" vocabulary
Note the comparanda where the Ternate term (in its present form) cannot be the direct donor of the Northern forms.

Possible explanations include:
 * 1) Borrowings from Sahu, if we assume the Sahu terms to be inherited
 * 2) Borrowings from Pre-Ternate-Tidore (before the loss of finals in TT)
 * 3) * These loans would have reintroduced palatals to the Northern languages
 * 4) * This presumes that this Pre-TT period coincided with the period after which the native palatals had been lost in the Northern languages
 * 5) * If the kingdom of Jailolo actually had the influence that legend gives it, then this early Jailolo language (Old Jailolo, to distinguish from what Katarabumi might have written down?) might be the most likely candidate, possibly equivalent to PTT or a separate branch within TT

Notice also that (as yet) these all could be culture loans (even the numeral 1000).

Almost Reconstructible Terms

 * *gani and *gaʔani ("louse")
 * *gani (all but Tabaru)
 * *gaʔani (Tabaru)
 * *roŋa and *romaŋ ("name")
 * *roŋa (Ternate, Tidore, Galela, Tabaru, Modole - possibly borrowed into the last three)
 * *romaŋ (Sahu, Gamkonora, Tobelo (B & H), Loloda, Pagu)
 * *suramo and *sauramo ("fog, mist")
 * *suramo (Ternate, Tidore [soramo])
 * *sauramo (Tobelo (H & B), Modole, Pagu, West Makian)
 * sairamo (Sahu)

Intervocalic /k/ and its absence
Interestingly, in van der Crab's glossary from the 1862, he lists many of these Tidore terms with an 'h' in place of a 'k' (laho). However, he write "lao" for 🇨🇬. I did though get the impression that this wordlist was not produced by him, but compiled from other sources. And, de Clercq (1890) writes simply "lau". This list contains (I think) all the examples of k-elision in Tidore found in the data I have (Kamus Bahasa Tidore, etc.). But, the examples given for k-retention are only a small subset of the ones in the data. There appears to be no pattern; k is lost and retained in the same vocalic environments and k is lost and retained in core and non-core vocabulary (and morphemes).
 * The NH cognate is Ternate by default and specified when not Ternate.

*N- prefixation

 * *N- + *p1 ⇒ *b
 * *N- + *p2 ⇒ *b
 * *N- + *t ⇒ *d
 * *N- + *c ⇒ *j
 * *N- + *ḋ ⇒ *ɲ
 * *N- + *k ⇒ *g
 * *N- + *ʔ ⇒ *g
 * *N- + *w ⇒ *ŋ
 * *N- + *h ⇒ *ŋ
 * *N- + *∅ ⇒ *ŋ

Pre-Nasalization hypothesis
Purely conjectural: voiced stops may have been originally prenasalized. Evidence:
 * N- prefixation (be it actually ŋ- prefixation or otherwise): (for example) *N + *p = *Np → *ᵐb → b (in reflexes) works a little more nicely than without the prenasalization hypothesis. Additionally, *N + *ʔ = *Nʔ may plausibly have become *g (but this is far from clear phonetically).
 * Supports *tofʔaŋe → *topʔaŋe but *tofdiŋ (/*tofⁿdiŋ/) → *tomdiŋ (since otherwise we should expect **tobdiŋ; however, note WM tepedingi).
 * Could support certain old loans such as kambing → *kabi(n/ŋ) and tanduk → *taduk. But, we see the same simplification behavior in *gutiŋ and 🇨🇬 (from rantai). If nasalization was spontaneous in these Malay terms (like empat) and the NH forms are loaned from non-nasalized donors, then only do these loans support prenasalization.
 * Areally appears to be well-supported.
 * Evidence against:
 * 🇨🇬 → 🇨🇬 (though this one would have gone through North Moluccan Malay)
 * 🇨🇬 → 🇨🇬 (though this one would have gone through North Moluccan Malay)
 * 🇨🇬 → 🇨🇬 (though this one would have gone through North Moluccan Malay)

Glottal Stop Insertion Rule
Kotynski's glottal insertion rule: "Insert glottal stop before vowel-initial roots where that vowel is stressed." He argues that it applies to PNH (what I'm calling PNNH - Proto Nuclear North Halmaheran, since West Makian needs better data). I propose that Kotynski's glottal insertion rule apply only to Proto-Northeast North Halmaheran (PNeNH). Specifically, PTT and PSahuic appear to have preserved a distinction between plain vowel initials and glottal stop initials, suggesting that /*ʔ/ was at least partly phonemic.

I tentatively propose a reconstruction *ca.'i.ʔit ("to hurry, quicken, hasten") with descendants including 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬. It appears as though the sequence *iʔi was reduced to *i in both PNeNH and PTT, but not in PSahuic. Comparing with *ti.ʔi.kit ("to cough"), with reflexes 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬, the difference seems to be which syllable carries the stress. A stressed glottal stop may be preserved, whereas an unstressed one in a V1.ʔV1 sequence may not be.

Palatalization hypothesis
The proto-consonant pairs p1, p2; t, c; d, j; n, ɲ; and l, L could all represent plain vs. palatalized consonants. In particular, it could be: It's unclear if PNNH *b and *m had plain and palatalized realizations. It's also possible that this could extend somehow to the proto-consonants *S (/sʲ/?) and *ḋ (/gʲ/?), but more research is necessary. It also may shed light on the (tentative) relationship between PNNH *ʔ and Tidore y.
 * p2 = /p/; p1 = /pʲ/
 * t = /t/; c = /tʲ/
 * d = /d/; j = /dʲ/
 * n = /n/; ɲ = /nʲ/
 * L = /l/; l = /lʲ/

If this is the case, then it was likely not triggered by back vowels, since Ternate, Tidore, and Sahu all maintain distinctions between sequences such as nyi and ni, ci and ti, etc.

Stressed Vowel Lowering Hypothesis
All branches (Sahuic more than others) of Nuclear NH demonstrate considerable vowel assimilation, and primarily this appears to be the stressed vowel assimilating to the following vowel. What might facilitate this is lowering of the primary (and possibly secondary) stressed vowel in a word. Particularly, I posit that all branches of Nuclear NH experienced something resembling the following lowerings: It is possible that /i/ lowered to /ɪ/, but I currently lack evidence of /i/ assimilation. In fact, almost all (all but *'i.gon) reconstructions with primary stress on /i/ have no other vowels (they're all /i/), which is extremely suspicious.
 * /'o/ → ['ɔ]
 * /'u/ → ['ʊ]
 * /'e/ → ['ɛ]
 * Actually, Van der Roest (his entries are more phonetic than phonemic) writes Tobelo (Boeng) hedete as the reflex of PNNH *'si.det, suggesting exactly that.

These lowerings may be indicated in Baarda's and others' vowel diacritics, but I have not figured out their system.

Additionally, there is evidence that the vowel directly preceding a stressed vowel may assimilate to the stressed vowel: In many other cases, the preceding vowel is reconstructed to already be the same as the stressed vowel (*be.'Ze.Zoŋ, *'bo'ʔo.car, *p2e.'re.ki, *ti.'ʔi.kit, etc.), and so potential historical dissimilarities are currently undetectable. This may indicate that, if the stressed vowel lowering did in fact occur, it also occurred on the preceding vowel.
 * PNNH *bo.'te.kon → PNeNH *be.'te.kon, 🇨🇬
 * PNNH *gol.'ci.p1ir → PNeNH *gi.'ci.p1ir, 🇨🇬
 * PNNH *mo.'na.ram → PNeNH *ma.'na.ram
 * PNNH *p1o.'ḋe.ka → PNeNH *p1e.'ḋe.ka
 * PNNH *p2o.'Li.kur → PNeNH *p2i.'li.kur

Could this also just be lowering of the first vowel? Uncertain.

title: User:Alexlin01/NH cognates/Phonology


text: Spürsinnes

title: Spürsinnes


text: Bureaus

title: Bureaus


text: Bureaux

title: Bureaux


text:
Castelnaudary

Etymology
From.

Etymology
From, from ("New Castle of Arrius").

Proper noun

 * 1) A commune of Aude department, France.

title: Castelnaudary


text:
zurufen

Verb

 * 1) to call

title: zurufen


text: zugerufen

title: zugerufen


text: zurief

title: zurief


text: zuriefen

title: zuriefen


text: zurufe

title: zurufe


text: zurufst

title: zurufst


text: zuruft

title: zuruft


text: zuzurufen

title: zuzurufen


text: zuriefst

title: zuriefst


text: zurieft

title: zurieft


text: khm

title: khm


text: kmb

title: kmb


text: flygplanskaparen

title: flygplanskaparen


text: flygplanskaparens

title: flygplanskaparens


text: flygplanskaparna

title: flygplanskaparna


text: flygplanskaparnas

title: flygplanskaparnas


text: flygplanskapares

title: flygplanskapares


text:
User:Mr.udaykumardash

My name is Uday Kumar Das. I am a journalist.

title: User:Mr.udaykumardash


text:
Okipa

Proper noun

 * 1)  A major religious ceremony conducted by the Mandan people.

title: Okipa


text: crock haircut

title: crock haircut


text: crock haircuts

title: crock haircuts


text: pudding-bowl

title: pudding-bowl


text: pudding-bowls

title: pudding-bowls


text: flatches

title: flatches


text:
User:Alexlin01/NH cognates/Grammar

*'ŋo.Zi ~ 'ŋo.hi

 * 1st Person Singular Pronoun

 * (< 'ŋoZi, without the initial ŋo-, either lost, or never having had)
 * Proto-Galela-Loloda: *'ŋo.Zi ~ 'ŋo.hi
 * (appears to continue *ŋohi)
 * (could derive from either)
 * (< *ŋohi)
 * (< *ŋohi)
 * (< *ŋohi)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ri (< *ŋoZi)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ri (< *ŋoZi)

*'ŋo.na

 * 2nd Person Singular Pronoun

 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.na

*'u.na(ŋ)

 * 3rd Person Singular Masculine Pronoun

 * Proto-Galela-Loloda: *'u.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'u.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'u.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'u.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'u.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'u.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'u.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'u.na

*'mu.na(ŋ)

 * 3rd Person Singular Feminine Pronoun

 * Proto-Galela-Loloda: *'mu.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'mi.na (??)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'mi.na (??)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'mi.na (??)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'mi.na (??)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'mi.na (??)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'mi.na (??)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'mi.na (??)

*'ŋo.ne

 * 1st Person Plural Inclusive Pronoun

 * (possibly?)

*'ŋo.mi

 * 1st Person Plural Exclusive Pronoun

 * (possibly?)

*'ŋo.ni

 * 2nd Person Plural Pronoun

 * (possibly?)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ni
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ni
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ni
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ni
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ni
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ni

*'o.na(ŋ)

 * 3rd Person Plural Human Pronoun

 * , (Baarda only has ona, Wada has onanga)
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'o.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'o.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'o.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'o.na

*'e.naŋ

 * 3rd Person Plural Non-Human Pronoun

 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'e.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'e.na
 * Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'e.na

title: User:Alexlin01/NH cognates/Grammar


text:
flatch-kennurd

Adjective

 * 1)  Half-drunk

title: flatch-kennurd


text:
flatch-yenork

Adjective

 * 1)  Half-crown.

title: flatch-yenork


text:
flatch-yennep

Adjective

 * 1)  Half-penny.

title: flatch-yennep


text: flygplanskapningen

title: flygplanskapningen


text: krl

title: krl


text: flygplanskapningar

title: flygplanskapningar


text: flygplanskapningarna

title: flygplanskapningarna


text: flygplanskapnings

title: flygplanskapnings


text: flygplanskapningens

title: flygplanskapningens


text: flygplanskapningars

title: flygplanskapningars


text: flygplanskapningarnas

title: flygplanskapningarnas


text:
flight controller

Noun

 * 1)  The person at the  controls to operate the s on a boat or ship
 * 2)  An

title: flight controller


text: Wiktionary:Foreign Word of the Day/2022/June 21


text:
Butternacht

Proper noun

 * 1)  The night of the 1st of August 1963, during which the village of Elten reverted to German sovereignty after fourteen years of Dutch administration, on which occasion very many exporters of dutiable goods (especially butter) parked their freight trucks in the village overnight in order to export those goods into Germany without crossing the Netherlands–Germany border, thereby avoiding import taxes.

title: Butternacht


text: Category:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleth₂-


text: Wiktionary:Foreign Word of the Day/2022/June 22


text: Category:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ


text:
words cut deep

Proverb

 * 1) Insults and offensive speech hurt more than physical injuries, and are not easily forgotten.

title: words cut deep


text:
Reconstruction talk:Latin/extuto

'Vulgar' conjugations
@Frambosy I can see why you'd want them back, but they have multiple issues. I will copy an earlier summary here:

 * The conjugations are 1) entirely uncited, 2) incorrect in several respects: final nasal vowels, final /t/ in Eastern Romance, multiple Tense-Aspect-Mood inflexions not found in Eastern Romance, no indication of /j/ in Italo-Western present subjunctives (compare auto-generated 'Vulgar' *vǫ́lã to Italian voglia, Fr. veuille), claimed distinction between unstressed ǫ/ọ and ę/ẹ (no such distinction can be reconstructed from Romance), incorrect /-o/ in the Italo-Western perfect participle (cf. Asturian, Central Italian /-u/). Not a bad idea in principle but the execution needs work.

One day, when I find a source that reconstructs the entire Proto-Romance verb paradigm in detail, I will see if I can add corrected templates here. Nicodene (talk) 19:05, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Reconstruction talk:Latin/extuto


text: surjective function

title: surjective function


text: onto function

title: onto function


text: onto functions

title: onto functions


text: surjective functions

title: surjective functions


text:
wing trimmer

Noun

 * 1)  The person who operates the  controls of a  to  it to fit wind conditions

title: wing trimmer


text: ltz

title: ltz


text:
pizgać

Etymology
From, with a dialectal variation of zd -> zg.

Verb

 * 1)  to throw
 * 2)  to beat
 * 3)  to fuck
 * 4)  to do in an intense manner
 * 1)  to do in an intense manner
 * 1)  to do in an intense manner

Verb

 * 1)  to be cold, to be intense

title: pizgać


text:
Talk:bor

Proto Indo-European
This is not a disscusion, I am here just to ask something about a citation in the text. More specifically, the word "*bʰor-u-". I need to find out from what text or book, or article it is transcribed. I hope that someone will provide me with the information needed. Local Timetraveler (talk) 19:13, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:bor


text: City of Dawson

title: City of Dawson


text:
County of Dawson

Proper noun

 * 1) A county in Queensland, Australia, located in the Shire of Banana in Central Queensland.

title: County of Dawson


text:
Dawson Creek

Proper noun

 * 1) A city in northeastern British Columbia, Canada.

title: Dawson Creek


text:
quimper

Verb

 * 1)  To hit on; to seduce
 * 2)  To piss off; to get someone's goat

title: quimper


text:
Dawsonia

Etymology
. From +.

title: Dawsonia


text:
Module:ab-translit/testcases

return require("Module:transliteration module testcases") { module = 'ab-translit', examples = { { "ах'әламҵ'ыҫ", 'ax̣ʷlamćʼəś' }, },	sc = 'Cyrl', lang = 'ab', nolink = true, }

title: Module:ab-translit/testcases


text: Module:ab-translit/testcases/documentation


text:
rationnaire

Noun

 * 1) person who receives a ration

title: rationnaire


text:
ratissoire

Noun

 * 1) A rake; a raker

title: ratissoire


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/2022/June 25

title: Wiktionary:Word of the day/2022/June 25


text:
récoltante

Noun

 * : female harvester

title: récoltante


text:
recommandataire

Noun

 * 1) referrer

title: recommandataire


text:
réconciliateur

Noun

 * 1) reconciliator

title: réconciliateur


text:
réconciliatrice

Noun

 * 1) reconciliator

title: réconciliatrice


text:
czytnik

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) reader, scanner

title: czytnik


text:
recondamner

Verb

 * 1) To recondemn
 * 2) To resentence

title: recondamner


text:
reconstructeur

Adjective

 * 1) reconstructive

title: reconstructeur


text:
tunisiska

Noun

 * 1) a female Tunisian

title: tunisiska


text: tunisiskan

title: tunisiskan


text: tunisiskor

title: tunisiskor


text: tunisiskorna

title: tunisiskorna


text: tunisiskas

title: tunisiskas


text: tunisiskans

title: tunisiskans


text: tunisiskors

title: tunisiskors


text: tunisiskornas

title: tunisiskornas


text:
recoquiller

Verb

 * 1) To curl up; to roll up; to coil up

title: recoquiller


text:
recordage

Noun

 * 1) restringing

title: recordage


text:
recorriger

Verb

 * 1) to recorrect

title: recorriger


text:
recreuser

Verb

 * 1) to redig; to hollow out again

title: recreuser


text:
rectificateur

Adjective

 * 1) rectifying

title: rectificateur


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Avestan


text: Category:Old Turkic terms borrowed from Middle Persian


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Middle Persian


text:
rectifieur

Noun

 * 1) rectifier

title: rectifieur


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Central Iranian languages


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Southwestern Iranian languages


text:
rectite

Noun

 * 1) rectitis

title: rectite


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Iranian languages


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Western Iranian languages


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Indo-Iranian languages


text: Category:Old Turkic terms derived from Indo-European languages


text:
redéfaire

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to redefeat

title: redéfaire


text:
réductionnel

Adjective

 * 1) reductional

title: réductionnel


text:
réduve

Noun

 * 1) Any insect of the  family

title: réduve


text:
réensemencement

Noun

 * 1) resowing

title: réensemencement


text:
réétudier

Verb

 * 1) to restudy

title: réétudier


text:
réexpédition

Noun

 * 1) reshipping; resending

title: réexpédition


text:
pseudo-acronym

Etymology
From en.

Noun

 * 1)  A term that is seemingly an acronym or other abbreviation, but does not stand for anything.

title: pseudo-acronym


text: pseudo-acronyms

title: pseudo-acronyms


text:
réfaction

Noun

 * 1) recompense; atonement

title: réfaction


text:
refleurissement

Noun

 * 1) reflowering; reblooming

title: refleurissement


text:
réformette

Noun

 * 1) small reform

title: réformette


text: mkd

title: mkd


text:
réfracteur

Adjective

 * 1) refractory

Noun

 * 1) refractor

title: réfracteur


text:
réf

Noun

 * 1) ; ref reference

title: réf


text: mkh

title: mkh


text:
refrènement

Noun

 * 1) restraint; repression; restriction

title: refrènement


text: mlg

title: mlg


text:
regratter

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to regrate

title: regratter


text: mnc

title: mnc


text:
réimperméabiliser

Verb

 * 1) to rewaterproof

title: réimperméabiliser


text:
réimposition

Noun

 * 1) reimposition

title: réimposition


text:
réincorporer

Verb

 * 1) to reincorporate

title: réincorporer


text:
réinfecter

Verb

 * 1) to reinfect

title: réinfecter


text:
réinscrire

Verb

 * 1) to reinscribe
 * 2) to sign up again

title: réinscrire


text:
rélargir

Verb

 * 1) to relengthen

title: rélargir


text:
remaquiller

Verb

 * 1) to reapply make-up
 * 2) to make oneself up again

title: remaquiller


text:
remastiquer

Verb

 * 1) to remasticate

title: remastiquer


text:
rembaucher

Verb

 * 1) to rehire

title: rembaucher


text: msa

title: msa


text:
remeubler

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to refurnish

title: remeubler


text:
rémissible

Adjective

 * 1) remissible

title: rémissible


text:
rémittence

Noun

 * 1) remittence

title: rémittence


text:
rémittent

Adjective

 * 1) remittant

title: rémittent


text:
remmaillage

Noun

 * 1) remeshing

title: remmaillage


text:
AC50

Etymology
, because it measures approximately 50 feet on the waterline.

Noun

 * 1)  A hydrofoil catamaran sailing racing yacht, with a wingsail mainsail, developed for the.

title: AC50


text:
réorganisateur

Noun

 * 1) reorganizer

title: réorganisateur


text:
réorganisatrice

Noun

 * 1) reorganizer

title: réorganisatrice


text:
repeigner

Verb

 * 1) to recomb

title: repeigner


text:
repercer

Verb

 * 1) to repierce

title: repercer


text:
reperdre

Etymology
From fr.

Verb

 * 1) to relose

title: reperdre


text:
répliqueur

Noun

 * 1) replicator

title: répliqueur


text:
replisser

Verb

 * 1) to repleat

title: replisser


text: mwl

title: mwl


text: mwr

title: mwr


text:
résidanat

Noun

 * 1) residency (on a course)

title: résidanat


text:
résinier

Adjective

 * 1)  resin

Noun

 * 1) resiner

title: résinier


text:
résolutoire

Adjective

 * 1) resolutory

title: résolutoire


text: myv

title: myv


text: résonant

title: résonant


text:
F50

Etymology
, from ; because it measures approximately 50 feet on the waterline, and uses s, and is derived from the class.

Noun

 * 1)  A hydrofoil catamaran sailing racing yacht, with a wingsail mainsail.

title: F50


text:
résurrectionnel

Adjective

 * 1) resurrectional

title: résurrectionnel


text:
révulsif

Adjective

 * 1) revulsive

Noun

 * 1) revulsive

title: révulsif


text:
rhinopharyngé

Adjective

 * 1) rhinopharyngeal

title: rhinopharyngé


text:
rhodite

Noun

 * 1)  rose quartz

title: rhodite


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/nen-

Noun

 * 1) tongue, word

Descendants

 * Zan:
 * Zan:
 * Zan:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/nen-


text: nbl

title: nbl


text:
rhynchite

Noun

 * 1) Any insect of the 'Rhinchus'' genus

title: rhynchite


text: 豊と

title: 豊と


text: 遥と

title: 遥と


text: 豐と

title: 豐と


text:
ripuaire

Adjective

 * 1) Ripuarian

title: ripuaire


text: NBL

title: NBL


text: 遙と

title: 遙と


text:
ritualiser

Verb

 * 1) to ritualize

title: ritualiser


text:
rivulaire

Adjective

 * 1) riparian

title: rivulaire


text:
порятувати

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to save / to rescue all or many
 * 1) to save / to rescue all or many
 * 1) to save / to rescue all or many

title: порятувати


text:
semi-aride

Adjective

 * 1) semiarid

title: semi-aride


text:
semi-auxiliaire

Adjective

 * 1) semiauxiliary

title: semi-auxiliaire


text:
semi-consonne

Noun

 * 1) semiconsonant

title: semi-consonne


text: semi-fini

title: semi-fini


text:
semi-lunaire

Adjective

 * 1) semilunar

title: semi-lunaire


text:
Dunwich

Etymology
From +.

Usage notes
The Suffolk village was once a medieval town and port, much of which has been lost to the sea due to coastal erosion over several centuries. As a result, it had the dubious distinction of being a rotten borough.

title: Dunwich


text:
semi-nomade

Adjective

 * 1) seminomadic

title: semi-nomade


text: nds

title: nds


text:
semi-public

Adjective

 * 1) semipublic

title: semi-public


text:
semi-rigide

Adjective

 * 1) semirigid

title: semi-rigide


text:
semnopithèque

Adjective

 * 1) semnopithecine

title: semnopithèque


text:
semoulerie

Noun

 * 1) semolina factory
 * 2) semolina production

title: semoulerie


text:
sémantème

Noun

 * 1) semanteme

title: sémantème


text:
komandoska

Etymology 1
From.

title: komandoska


text:
septénaire

Adjective

 * 1) septenary

Noun

 * 1) septenary

title: septénaire


text:
septennalité

Noun

 * 1) septenniality

title: septennalité


text:
komandoski

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  commando trooper

title: komandoski


text: hunbots

title: hunbots


text: nld

title: nld


text: nno

title: nno


text:
hanzeatycki

Etymology
+.

Adjective

 * 1)  Hanseatic

title: hanzeatycki


text:
Hanza

Etymology
, from, from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Hanseatic League

title: Hanza


text: nqo

title: nqo


text: Category:Requests for expansion of etymologies in Sicilian entries


text: nso

title: nso


text: nwc

title: nwc


text:
порядний

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) decent, honest, respectable having a suitable conformity to basic moral standards; showing integrity, fairness, or other characteristics associated with moral uprightness
 * 2)  decent good enough
 * 3)  decent of significant quantity or size
 * 4)  noble of exalted rank
 * 1)  decent of significant quantity or size
 * 2)  noble of exalted rank
 * 1)  noble of exalted rank

title: порядний


text:
kʰjɛʔ⁵⁵

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬 (<🇨🇬). Possibly ultimately from, thus cognate with 🇨🇬 ("leaf"), 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

title: kʰjɛʔ⁵⁵


text:
hanzeata

Noun

 * 1)  member of a Hanse

title: hanzeata


text: пасує

title: пасує


text:
বোঝানো

Etymology
Causative of.

Verb

 * 1) to explain

title: বোঝানো


text: пасують

title: пасують


text: Category:Pela classifiers

title: Category:Pela classifiers


text: Category:Pela terms with usage examples

title: Category:Pela terms with usage examples


text: Su'ao

title: Su'ao


text: ковбасу

title: ковбасу


text:
згідно

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) in agreement
 * 2)  according to, in accordance with  in a manner conforming or corresponding to

title: згідно


text: Citations:wunderwaffe

title: Citations:wunderwaffe


text: Wunderwaffen

title: Wunderwaffen


text:
anwerfen

Verb

 * 1) to throw at
 * 2)  to start up an engine etc.

title: anwerfen


text: angeworfen

title: angeworfen


text: anzuwerfen

title: anzuwerfen


text: anwerfe

title: anwerfe


text: anwirfst

title: anwirfst


text: anwirft

title: anwirft


text: anwerft

title: anwerft


text: anwarf

title: anwarf


text: anwarfst

title: anwarfst


text:
порятунок

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) escape act of leaving a dangerous or unpleasant situation
 * 2) rescue
 * 3) salvation
 * 1) salvation

title: порятунок


text: anwarfen

title: anwarfen


text: anwarft

title: anwarft


text:
Talk:angeschmeißt

Mistake
@Fytcha Assuming you created this by mistake? Jberkel 21:23, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

 * Yes, thanks for noticing. I'll fix it. — Fytcha〈 T | L | C 〉 21:24, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:angeschmeißt


text: angeschmissen

title: angeschmissen


text:
na³¹

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬. Possibly also related with 🇨🇬 ("west") and 🇨🇬. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) rest

title: na³¹


text: Anwerfen

title: Anwerfen


text: Anwerfens

title: Anwerfens


text:
Auflehnung

Noun

 * 1) insurgency, insurrection, revolt

title: Auflehnung


text: Template:RQ:Middleton Michaelmas Terme

title: Template:RQ:Middleton Michaelmas Terme


text:
Shrubsole

Etymology
Habitational surname from a lost place in Kent, probably from the unattested personal name  +.

Statistics

 * According to data collected by Forebears in 2014, Shrubsole is the 14915th most common surname in England, belonging to 351 individuals.

title: Shrubsole


text:
Category:English terms derived from Wade–Giles

(Compare to Wikipedia:Category:Redirects from Wade–Giles.)


text:
nă kʰjɛʔ⁵⁵

Etymology
From, from. See.

Noun

 * 1) ear

title: nă kʰjɛʔ⁵⁵


text:
Template talk:haw-IPA

Problems
To whom it may concern --

This template does not properly account for words with in them, such as native-Hawaiian, or borrowings with  in them, such as Māori-derived. ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │Tala við mig 21:40, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Template talk:haw-IPA


text:
Template:RQ:Middleton Michaelmas Terme/documentation

Usage
This template may be used in Wiktionary entries to format quotations from 's work Michaelmas Terme (1st edition, 1607). It can be used to create a link to an online version of the work at the Internet Archive.

Parameters
The template takes the following parameters:

 * chapter – if quoting from the "Inductio" (induction), specify Inductio.
 * sig or signature, and verso – as the work is unpaginated and not divided into acts and scenes, sig or signature can be used to specify the signature number quoted from, which is indicated at the bottom centre of some pages. If quoting from a verso (left-hand) page specify 1 or yes; if verso is omitted, the template indicates that a recto (right-hand) page is quoted.
 * If quoting a range of signatures, for example, "signature A2, recto – A3, verso", use sig or signature, and verso, to specify the signature at the start of the range, and sigend or signatureend, and versoend, (if required) to specify the signature at the end of the range.
 * If this parameter is omitted, the template either links the URL of the online version of the work to the chapter name if one is specified, or displays it as a superscript link after the title of the work.
 * 1 or page – mandatory in some cases: use this parameter to specify the "page number" assigned by the Internet Archive to the URL of the webpage to be linked to. For example, if the URL is, specify 8. This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.
 * act and scene – mandatory in some cases: if desired, use these parameters to specify the act and scene numbers quoted from (ascertained from a modern edition of the work such as The Works of Thomas Middleton (1885–1886)) in uppercase and lowercase Roman numerals respectively.
 * 2, text, or passage – the passage to be quoted.
 * footer – a comment on the passage quoted.
 * brackets – use on to surround a quotation with brackets. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, "some people find the word manoeuvre hard to spell") rather than an actual use of it (for example, "we need to manoeuvre carefully to avoid causing upset"), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.

Examples

 * Wikitext:
 * ; or
 * Result:
 * Result:


text:
চোখ বোজা

Verb

 * 1) to close one's eyes
 * 2)  to die
 * 1)  to die

title: চোখ বোজা


text:
flash sale

Noun

 * 1)  A sale of merchandise where the prices are greatly reduced, but lasting for only a short period of time.

title: flash sale


text: flash sales

title: flash sales


text: phn

title: phn


text:
গর্ত

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) hole

title: গর্ত


text: ひと口

title: ひと口


text: 一と口

title: 一と口


text: Citations:Prinzip Hoffnung

title: Citations:Prinzip Hoffnung


text:
Prinzip Hoffnung

Etymology
From, title of a book by philosopher.

Noun

 * 1)  desperate hope for the best

title: Prinzip Hoffnung


text:
耳冷

Verb

 * 1)  to be hard of hearing; to have poor hearing

title: 耳冷


text:
User talk:5.81.100.183

Welcome
— Fytcha〈 T | L | C 〉 22:07, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:5.81.100.183


text:
九成

Adjective

 * 1)  lofty; very tall

Adverb

 * 1)  quite likely

title: 九成


text: Sprachforschers

title: Sprachforschers


text: Sprachforschern

title: Sprachforschern


text: Sprachforscherin

title: Sprachforscherin


text: Sprachforscherinnen

title: Sprachforscherinnen


text:
ആലിംഗനം

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) hug; embrace

title: ആലിംഗനം


text:
Citations:Liukuei

 * The Meinung, Kaoshu, Shalin, and Liukuei Hakka together comprised the army's "Right Unit," and it alone boasted some 3,200 fighting men.
 * Stop in upper Liukuei for a look at the large Tienhou temple, then roll down into the main part of town across the river. From Liukuei, the route winds through hilly forested areas along a very rural back road.
 * Stop in upper Liukuei for a look at the large Tienhou temple, then roll down into the main part of town across the river. From Liukuei, the route winds through hilly forested areas along a very rural back road.
 * Stop in upper Liukuei for a look at the large Tienhou temple, then roll down into the main part of town across the river. From Liukuei, the route winds through hilly forested areas along a very rural back road.

title: Citations:Liukuei


text:
കെട്ടിപ്പിടിക്കുക

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) To hug; embrace
 * 2)  hold on to something

title: കെട്ടിപ്പിടിക്കുക


text:
Talk:Seax

RFD discussion: March–June 2022
WT:NSE. This, that and the other (talk) 10:52, 13 March 2022 (UTC)
 * While ‘Essex Archives Online’ is not dictionary material, ‘Seax’ seems to be a nickname. If it's attested, then it's entry-worthy. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  10:21, 6 April 2022 (UTC)
 * I think it was a previous official name for the site.
 * To expand on this request – I found this entry in CAT:en:Websites and it seemed like an odd one out; surely we would only keep the proper name of a specific website if there is figurative use, a common noun use, a verb, etc. This, that and the other (talk) 12:25, 2 May 2022 (UTC)

 * Fair enough, delete. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  02:50, 4 June 2022 (UTC)

 * RFD-deleted. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  20:01, 12 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Seax


text:
Talk:worst-case scenario

best-case scenario
Obvious SoP of worst-case / best-case + scenario. ·~  dictátor · mundꟾ  01:09, 27 April 2022 (UTC)

 * A weak WT:THUB argument maybe? I can only find the bare minimum of two qualifying translations: and . This, that and the other (talk) 07:49, 28 April 2022 (UTC)

 * I would say keep myself. They are set phrases, more or less. I did add a quote to "worst-case scenario" a while ago. DonnanZ (talk) 08:54, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * The plot thickens. got the quote from somewhere. It's real enough, I have the publication. DonnanZ (talk) 09:27, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * I know they are collocations, but an appropriate usage note would suffice. The quote should be moved to worst-case. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  13:31, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete as SoP; if necessary, add as a collocation to . — Sgconlaw (talk) 18:12, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Keep, they feel fixed enough even if they may be SOP (also has some good translations), and see my thoughts @ the Collocations vote about it being mentioned here unfortunately. AG202 (talk) 19:39, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Question: can't these also be used as adverbs in their own right? I don't mean in the prepositional phrases in the worst-case scenario / in the best-case scenario, but as standalones. An example: "Worst-case scenario, you don't get the job. What then?". If that's the case, I would add a POS "adverb" to both entries, translation tables for that POS, and then I'd probably be inclined to keep. PUC – 19:48, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Ya know, I hadn't thought of that, but that's an even better point, thanks! AG202 (talk) 19:58, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * It's possible to find "worst case situation" being used similarly:, . Here's an example of "worst case outcome" that could be adverbial, but the colon makes its parsing unclear: . These are not as common as "scenario" though. 70.172.194.25 19:59, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * I don't think that's an adverbial use. It's simply that the words in the before worst-case scenario have been omitted. — Sgconlaw (talk) 20:23, 28 April 2022 (UTC)

 * Keep, per the substantial delineation of the phrase as described at . bd2412 T 03:08, 29 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Keep - it does necessarily mean the worst of all possible scenarios it can mean the worst one we are consider to be realistic or worth modelling/discussing. John Cross (talk) 19:33, 5 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Keep. — Fytcha〈 T | L | C 〉 18:37, 10 May 2022 (UTC)

RFD-kept. AG202 (talk) 18:27, 12 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:worst-case scenario


text:
Talk:trucker

RFD discussion: March–June 2022
Rfd-sense Moved from RFV.

Member of the recent protests in Canada. The existing citation could just mean "truck driver". Needs proof that non-truck people can also be called "truckers" if they are involved in this protest. Equinox ◑ 17:02, 24 March 2022 (UTC)

 * From hearing this casually it certainly isn't limited to actual truck drivers, but this feels very transient. Theknightwho (talk) 17:27, 24 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Yeah, this doesn't really feel like a distinct definition to me. It'd be like giving a separate sense for BLM protests. Binarystep (talk) 00:53, 25 March 2022 (UTC)
 * The example that occurred to me was the UK miners’ strikes in the 1980s. People would talk about “the miners” to mean “people that support the strike”, even though not every supporter was a miner and not every miner was a supporter. Feels like a stretch to say it’s a distinct sense, though. Theknightwho (talk) 02:41, 25 March 2022 (UTC)
 * I agree, but isn't this more an issue for RFD than RFV? Kiwima (talk) 01:19, 30 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Why is it an RFD issue? I am asking for citations for the specific sense "Canadian protester", as opposed to other senses of the word trucker. Just like any other RFV. Equinox ◑ 03:44, 2 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Honestly, I think it's an RFD issue as well, as it's just an infinitely productive form of metonymy. I could spend a day trawling old news articles adding a barrage of near-identical senses to every identity or profession that has ever had a protest about anything, but I don't think that would be productive or helpful to anyone. It's just a group being referred to by its primary members.
 * In any event, it's impossible for this to pass RFV because WT:CFI specifies the uses must span at least a year. Theknightwho (talk) 05:22, 2 May 2022 (UTC)

 * Delete. This is nothing more than referring to truckers in the basic sense as truckers. bd2412 T 04:41, 2 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete. I’m confident that the mob storming the US Capitol on January 6, 2021, contained some participants who were not adherents of Donald J. Trump. So should we give a non-literal sense for “Trump supporter” as “a participant in the 1/6 Insurrection” because of its use as such in media? Obviously not. --Lambiam 08:15, 2 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete - just to make my vote crystal clear, following on from my previous comments. Any group can be referred to in an informal sense this way, particualrly when it simply means "plus those who affiliate with/support them; excluding those who are not involved". Theknightwho (talk) 19:48, 2 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete, per above. - -sche (discuss) 03:23, 12 May 2022 (UTC)

 * I thought RFV was a better forum for this (hence my posting it there in the first place), but if nobody can cite it separately from the generic truck-driver sense, and it's come here, then delete! Equinox ◑ 20:37, 3 June 2022 (UTC)

RFD-deleted. — Fytcha〈 T | L | C 〉 16:33, 13 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:trucker


text:
Talk:Irish American

RFD discussion: February–June 2022
Tagged as speedy by User:Inqilābī with the rationale: "New SoP entry; see British Pakistani precedent". — Fytcha〈 T | L | C 〉 11:47, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * See my rationale for nominating it for speedy deletion. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  16:29, 26 February 2022 (UTC)

 * Delete. — Fytcha〈 T | L | C 〉 11:48, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Keep. You would be deleting a lot of Americans with Irish ancestry, including President Biden. DonnanZ (talk) 12:50, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete —Svārtava (t/u) • 13:08, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Extremely Strong Keep:

 * 1) The term refers to a specific community that is historically significant. Only on rare occasions does it refer to somebody alive today that was born in Ireland but moved to America, simply because of the sheer disparity in numbers.
 * 2) Although it is convention, it's not immediately obvious to a naïve reader that this refers to a person of Irish descent living in America, and not a person of American descent living in Ireland. (I actually think this point justifies the reinstatement of British Pakistani, because it shows how it can sometimes be the other way around, but let's leave that aside.)
 * 3) Nationality is complex and nebulous, and there are heated debates as to whether terms like "Irish American" refer to ethnicity, nationality, culture and so on, particularly with enormous communities like this. There are sharply contrasting opinions on either side of the Atlantic, to say the least. Having an entry allows us to capture the broad strokes of this nuance in a nutshell, directing the reader to appropriate encyclopaedic entries.
 * 4) As a consequence of the above, the term has significantly developed in meaning and connotation over time. This is, of course, relevant to historical texts. Particular examples are where it intersects with:
 * 5) Bigotry in 19th and early 20th c. America, where "Irish" was used in lots of disparaging ways, including to imply that they weren't really American (which is definitely not SoP).
 * 6) The disparity in treatment of traditionally Protestant Anglo-Irish immigrants and traditionally Catholic indigenous Irish immigrants, and what "Irish" referred to in that context. Saying "Irish" refers to "Ireland" is very ambiguous; not only in what it means/meant to lots of different people, but also what it emphatically did not mean to different groups.
 * 7) The terms "Irish" and "American" both have senses that are never intended by the term "Irish American". It does not, for example, refer to a person born in Ireland who lives in Argentina.
 * Theknightwho (talk) 13:52, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * The best solution is to create an entry European American and list Irish American, German American, English American, Italian American etc. as (SoP) hyponyms. All these immigrant communities are not dictionary material, really— by the same token we have Native American, but not Navajo American, Cherokee American, Cree American, etc. etc. ’Tis worth noting that being an Irish American is merely a matter of genealogy, this so-called community are not full-blooded Irish, and in practice only identify as US citizens. And most importantly, we do not want to set a precedence for creating hundreds of other ethnic communities: Welsh Argentinian, Catalan Argentinian, Russian Alaskan, Dutch American, Taino Cuban, Quechuan Peruvian, Chinese Indonesian, Tamil Singaporean, etc. etc. The keep votes seem like a cunning way to allow the creation of these redlinks on the morrow. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  15:57, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * From WT:CFI, "There is occasionally concern that adding an entry for a particular term will lead to entries for a large number of similar terms. This is not a problem, as each term is considered on its own based on its usage, not on the usage of terms similar in form." The redlinks above are not the ones being voted upon and discussed at this RFD, and would be discussed at their times if ever created. AG202 (talk) 16:11, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Well then, good to hear you do not want to create these redlinks eventually, in a Putinesque way. However, seeing that lots of ethnic communities are as important as Irish Americans, I’m afraid the CFI section that you’re quoting is not relevant here. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  16:23, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * "In a Putinesque way", could you elaborate on what you mean by that? I wasn't even the one that made the entry in question to begin with, I just agree with Theknightwho. And yes, it has relevance here since the concern brought up at the end of your prior reply was about entries that have not yet been created or even thought about being created. Like I said, if they're ever brought up to RFD or even created in the first place, then they should be discussed then. I'd go as far as to say that bringing them up here gave them more visibility than ever before in terms of the chance of them being created. AG202 (talk) 16:42, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I mean it’s only good that you (people who like to keep SoP encyclopediac stuff) are not being cunning with the motive of gaining the opportunity of populating this dictionary with such entries. But I disagree that creating these entries is the way to start discussions on whether these terms are entry-worthy. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  17:31, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I don't vote on nearly every RFD, just the ones that I feel should weigh in on. I told you this the last time you grouped me as such to avoid doing so, in Talk:Javanese script. And actually, yesterday in the RFD for Russian-Canadian, I literally said I would be fine with the deletion of it and the others that aren't "French-Canadian" or "English-Canadian", so the claim that I just vote "keep" to keep "SoP encyclopediac stuff" (which is very much up to personal opinion fyi, as you claimed that even American Sign Language is SoP even though it passed RFD already + other rationales that I won't get into here) isn't true. If you actually want me to continue engaging with you in these RFD discussions, it'd be best for you to avoid these characterizations and continue to focus on the entries at hand. AG202 (talk) 18:04, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Not really ‘characterizing’ you or elsewho. It just gets a bit annoying when you want to keep (some) SoPs/non-dictionary stuff. You are not alone in this, Donnanz and SemperBlotto also does the same (they likewise do not participate at every RFD discussions, nevertheless how they vote is not appropriate). Everyone is entitled to an opinion, sure, but many entries that you wanted to keep have since been deleted. Hence you get an idea which types of words are not to be included in the dictionary. Keeping these illegitimate entries affects our quality. When you get in the way, we are thwarted in our effort to quickly eliminate these entries. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  18:49, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * These are meant to be discussions and votes where we hear as many folks as possible, if the entries were meant to be deleted instantly, then we wouldn't be having them. Not nearly every entry that I've voted keep on has been deleted (I'd say a majority have been kept actually), nor has every entry that you've nominated for deletion been deleted either. When the entries do get deleted, I just see it as consensus for that entry that a majority of folks want the entry deleted, which is fine and I don't see their votes as "inappropriate" either. There's no exceedingly strict policy on this, and it's up to the interpretation of each editor. I don't know why you're stating that I'm "getting in the way" or that you're being "thwarted in our effort", when you're not in charge of this project on your own and not everyone holds the same opinion as you (as more clearly seen with American Sign Language). I would never claim that of folks that vote "delete" even if discussions can get heated a few times. Like @Sgconlaw said below, these types of attributions don't contribute constructively to discussions. AG202 (talk) 18:58, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * please do not attribute motives to editors or use inflammatory language. It does not contribute constructively to discussions in any shape or form. — SGconlaw (talk) 16:49, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Wrong. Just to clarify, the semantics intended was not Putinesque. You understood me amiss. But it doesn’t matter anyway, because Putinesque is not by default a derogatory term. It was a jocular remark on my part. It becomes inflammatory language only when someone uses the names of Hitler or Stalin. Hope you understand.  ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  16:58, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * given current events, the word can certainly be construed as derogatory or inflammatory. Please continue the discussion without using any language that might be thus construed. — SGconlaw (talk) 17:05, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Good advice 👌. But unfortunately this occurs not uncommonly: see Donnanz’s comment at Talk:happy Fourth of July, which I actually found offensive. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  17:31, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * well, in that case editors should avoid engaging in behaviour which they themselves find offensive. Two wrongs do not make a right. — SGconlaw (talk) 17:34, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I see I have been mentioned twice in despatches. I would like to tell Inqilābī that I will never rubber-stamp his RFDs, nor should any other editor. DonnanZ (talk) 19:15, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * This only addresses a small part of my point, really. I've identified numerous instances where it isn't how you've described, or where there is significant difference in connotation... Theknightwho (talk) 17:07, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Keep per Theknightwho. AG202 (talk) 14:05, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete as SoP. Also, I have to say that not having such an entry is not "deleting a lot of Americans with Irish ancestry". That is simply irrelevant hyperbole. Neither is it relevant that the community is historically significant, or has historically suffered discrimination. There is a whole article at "Irish Americans" over at the Wikipedia for people interested to find out more about the community to read. An entry here is hardly a useful way to find out anything about the community. — SGconlaw (talk) 16:20, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Fundamentally, the point that I was making wasn't discrimination = an entry, but rather that discrimination was one factor that has contributed to the term becoming extremely muddied and used in many different ways. Something should be considered sum of parts only when it is obvious that it really is just X + Y in all contexts. That is absolutely not the case here. Theknightwho (talk) 17:11, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * ehhh, in my view the term is still just + . I am not seeing what you mean by the term being used in many different ways. Feel free to provide examples. — SGconlaw (talk) 17:40, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Well for a start, the connotation (these days) of it being people of Irish heritage, not Irish birth - something that Inqilābī actually acknowledges by saying "’Tis worth noting that being an Irish American is merely a matter of genealogy, this so-called community are not full-blooded Irish". So he seems to be inadvertently excluding Irish-born Americans, but that's the precise opposite of what many people in Ireland think (and why terms like Plastic Paddy exist in Ireland today, which are literally saying they aren't Irish). And what does he mean by "full-blooded Irish" anyway? Ethnicity? So are we excluding Anglo-Irish? They tend to more identify as, and were historically rejected by the Irish American community due to sectarianism, even though that isn't the case today. The question of SoP is as much about what the term isn't as what the term is - a term can be less than the sum of its parts. Despite these apparent ambiguities, I think we all have the same idea of what "Irish American" actually refers to, because it's a very real community with specific cultural elements. Those elements might come from Ireland and America, but they're from an Ireland and America that no longer exist, and are defined by specific parts of them at that. For one, the Irish American community is overwhelmingly associated with Irish republicanism and - by extension - the Republic of Ireland. You also don't really associate Irish Americans with North Dakota or Alaska, either, but Boston and New York.Just to make the point clear, a Northern Irish-born person who moved to America and became a citizen in the last 20 years is so far removed from what the vast majority of people think of when they think of "Irish American" that that alone means it's not SoP.Theknightwho (talk) 18:50, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * the word Irish is not limited to people born in Ireland, but encompasses anything originating from Ireland (including a person’s ancestors) or to Irish people. This is the case for many such adjectives (and nouns) like Congolese, French, and Vietnamese. Similarly, for such words, they can also relate to a Congo/France/Vietnam that no longer exists, and which are now defined by characteristics which people associate with those communities. There is nothing particularly unique about Irish in this respect. I think you are overcomplicating the issue. Whether Irish Americans are largely supportive of Irish republicanism or live largely in Northeastern USA are not relevant in showing that the term Irish American is not SoP, in my view. If you are suggesting that someone born in Northern Ireland and who became a US citizen in the past 20 years cannot be referred to using the term Irish American because it has such a narrow sense, I’m afraid you’re going to have to demonstrate that through suitable quotations. — SGconlaw (talk) 19:09, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm not saying that it's unique (it isn't) or that you can't call a person like that Irish American (you can). The point is that it means (and meant) a whole variety of different things to different people, for political and cultural reasons. The fact that we associate them with a particular community in certain times and places is surely important, no?
 * At the end of the day, though, the fact that they're of Irish descent living in America and not of American descent living in Ireland is the most obvious way that this isn't SoP. Theknightwho (talk) 21:26, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * this very point was discussed with respect to, and it was decided that that wasn't enough to prevent the term from being regarded as SoP. — SGconlaw (talk) 18:07, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * The whole summation of that discussion was you saying "That would still be SoP in my view – it’s still British + Pakastani". By the same logic, you would have to delete native American. The point is what the term doesn't convey - not what it does. Theknightwho (talk) 18:15, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * no, the meaning of native isn’t obvious from the context, which makes Native American non-SoP. — SGconlaw (talk) 22:17, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * It's no more opaque than "Irish", given that by many definitions most aren't Irish (e.g. citizens). Theknightwho (talk) 22:23, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Since Donnanz used the example of Joe Biden (see above), it’s worth reading the relevant Wikipedia section that says Biden has some English and French ancestry. That is what I meant by ‘not full-blooded’. Of course, native Irish people have Norman, Viking, and English ancestry due to history, and yet they are full-blooded. The Scotch-Irish are a special case, and their identification as Irish or not would depend upon their political identity. And for the record, European American communities are generally mixed-race, e.g., George Washington was an English American with French ancestry. ·~   dictátor · mundꟾ  19:59, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I am a New Zealander with an English surname living in England, but I don't regard myself as an English New Zealander as, like most New Zealanders, I am a mongrel with mixed ancestry. DonnanZ (talk) 20:49, 26 February 2022 (UTC)
 * As the creator of this article (and being Irish myself) I would argue this term has the same weight as 'African American' and 'Italian American' (both of which are as of yet unchallenged terms on this website). I see no difference with including Irish American as I know from first hand experience that the culture of 'Irish Americans' and the history associated with the term is very much divergant from that of the simple sum of its parts (Irish + American). When one imagines an Irish American today one does not simply imagine an Irish immigrant or an American of Irish heritage, they imagine a wholy seperate type of nationality. I personally and wholeheartedly belive that the term Irish American carries much more weight that some people in this thread (ignorantly) want to believe it does. FishandChipper (talk) 07:48, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Weak keep Some of these compounds are not just simple, random re-combinations and have their own interesting etymology and history, especially African American and Asian American (which should be created). – Jberkel 14:29, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Completly agree. To be 'Irish American' is much more than simply being Irish and American. Modern day ideas of St.Patrick's Day for example is very much an Irish American tradition rather than an Irish tradition or an American tradition FishandChipper (talk) 15:18, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I'd been meaning to create, but unfortunately got busy, thanks for the reminder! AG202 (talk) 16:59, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Here's a related Time article from 2020 which might be a useful source. – Jberkel 18:07, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * OK, assuming I accept that Irish American has a narrower sense than is conveyed by the words Irish + American to make it not sum-of-parts (which I currently remain unconvinced of), how should the term be redefined? At the moment, the definitions are, for the noun, "An American citizen with Irish ancestry or heritage" and "An Irish citizen who has immigrated to America", and for the adjective, "Of Irish American heritage or culture". These are SoP, because they apply to any combination of nationalities, as Algerian French or Vietnamese Australian. Moreover, the revised definitions would have to be fairly short, otherwise this is a matter for Wikipedia, not the Wiktionary. — SGconlaw (talk) 18:16, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * It seems we'll have to agree to disagree as neither of us will be able to convince the other of the term being more than or equal to the sum of its pearts. However I again wholeheartedly believe that Irish American culture is without a doubt a seperate beast from Irish and American culture as much as German culture is seperate form French culture or any other combination. Also if we are to delete Irish American than you could surely provide seperate reasons as to why African American deserves a spot? Or Italian American? One more note, the seemingly perfect and undebated article African-American literally contains Irish American as a term it supposedly mimics XD.FishandChipper (talk) 21:37, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * But you haven't explained how the definition should be modified so as to be non-SoP (if it can be). As for your other point, I think is SoP and should be deleted;  may require further discussion because African isn't a nationality. — SGconlaw (talk) 21:42, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I want to know from a personal, non-lingustic standpoint if you genuinely think that Irish American poeple are in no way whatsoever a distinguishable group from other Americans other than their Irish heritage? And the same goes for Italian American people. Simply making a catch-all 'European American' term as was proposed by @Theknightwho could in no way contain the subtlty and complexity with each term. Since I hold this to be true then I can see no way in which Irish American (and also by extension Italian American) could possibly be considered just the sub of its parts exept by close minded indivduals. FishandChipper (talk) 21:53, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * That wasn't proposed by me - I agree with you! Theknightwho (talk) 21:56, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Oops sorry about that, I must be going a bit blind XD FishandChipper (talk) 22:18, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * You are misunderstanding what SoP means. The relevant question is whether the term Irish American has a sense that is qualitatively different from the words Irish + American, and not whether Irish Americans as people are distinguishable from other Americans (arguably they are). If one cannot define Irish American in a way which is different from “An American citizen with Irish ancestry or heritage”, then it is hard to see why the term is not SoP. Here’s a different example. Blue collar is not SoP if it is used to mean “working class”; that is qualitatively different from blue + collar. However, if its only sense was “a collar that is a shade of blue”, that would be SoP. It matters not that (for the sake of argument) there is a long history of people wearing apparel with blue collars, or that blue-collared clothes are distinctive, etc. — SGconlaw (talk) 22:07, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * You're ignoring that constituent words can have multiple definitions, and if only one of them applies to the compound term then it still isn't SoP. Theknightwho (talk) 22:25, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * My argument is not that Irish American is not SoP (which granted it could fairly be argued as such) but rather that there are many other terms that are uncontested which are as much SoPs as Irish American is (e.g. African American, Italian American hell even Native American to an extent is nothing more than 'A decendant of a native inhabitant of America'. If Irish American should be deleted for being SoP then all other combinations should be also. FishandChipper (talk) 22:27, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Please see my response in the discussion about Russian-Canadian to see how is markedly different. AG202 (talk) 02:18, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * if the constituent words of a multiword term have multiple senses which make it unclear which sense is intended, that may show the multiword term is not SoP, but as I’ve argued elsewhere it depends on the context. For example, I think cow’s milk is SoP because even though cow can mean the female of several mammals, readers can readily tell from the context that an elephant or hippopotamus is not the intended sense.
 * ”Other stuff exists” isn’t a good justification because it may simply mean that the “other stuff” is also SoP but hasn’t been highlighted yet. Native American isn’t SoP because a very specific sense of native is intended; a white person whose family has been in the USA for four generations isn’t native in that sense. That’s why I’ve argued that if one can show Irish is intended in some narrow sense, Irish American might not be SoP. But so far no one has adequately demonstrated such a sense. — SGconlaw (talk) 03:25, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * And yet I see the page for cow's milk is (and forever has been) uncontested? Also I want to know what 'specific sense of native' your referring to in this example cause as far as I can tell native in this sense is completly unambiguous. FishandChipper (talk) 08:20, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * As I’ve already pointed out (numerous times now): a specific sense of Irish is meant. Most aren’t citizens and most weren’t born there. That’s leaving aside the fact that the term refers to immigration one way round and not the other, which you rejected on a precedent that amounted to you rejecting it with no further reasoning in another discussion. The word “native” is playing a similar role: both refer to descent. Yet you reject “Irish American” as SoP despite admitting the narrower sense, while also saying that that’s what makes “Native American” different, on the seemingly arbitrary basis that one is narrow and another is not. I don’t see how you can do that. This is starting to feel like because the term is obvious to you, that it’s therefore SoP. It isn’t. Theknightwho (talk) 13:11, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * was challenged and passed: see its talk page. I voted that it should be deleted as SoP. On the other hand, British Pakistani was found to be SoP, which is directly on point here.
 * Native can mean "belonging to one by birth', "characteristic of or relating to people inhabiting a region from prehistoric times", or "born or grown in the region in which it lives or is found; not foreign or imported", among other senses. In Native American, it means only "characteristic of or relating to people inhabiting a region from prehistoric times" – as mentioned above, a white person whose family has been in the USA for four generations isn't native in that sense – so native is used in a narrow sense which, in my view, makes it non-SoP.
 * On the other hand, at the moment we define Irish as "Pertaining to or originating from Ireland or the Irish people", and Irish American as "An American citizen with Irish ancestry or heritage" and "An Irish citizen who has immigrated to America". If there is a more specific sense of Irish in Irish American which isn't "Pertaining to or originating from Ireland or the Irish people", then please do identify it and indicate how you propose that the current definition should be rewritten, because as far as I can see it doesn't indicate any narrower sense which is said to exist. — SGconlaw (talk) 13:32, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * The current definition excludes Americans who have emigrated to Ireland, but they would "Irish American" under your logic due to the fact that they pertain to Ireland. You still haven't explained why that isn't sufficient.
 * The adjective refers to Irish American heritage or culture, which is distinct and exists in and of its own right.
 * The derogatory usage sense is also not SoP.
 * It isn't referring to the two other senses of "Irish".
 * It isn't referring to the several other senses of "American".
 * Theknightwho (talk) 22:18, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * The whole thing is a massive can of worms: we have Ulster Scots, Scotch-Irish (but not the variant with ‘Scots’ instead of ‘Scotch’, or any unhyphenated form), Anglo-American and Anglo-Indian but not Anglo-Irish or American English (in the sense that would include Nancy Astor and would have included Boris Johnson, rather than the linguistic sense). The more I think about it, the more unsure I am. I do think that the usage note claiming that Irish American is sometimes derogatory is rather odd - perhaps a note (carefully worded, of course) saying that Irish Americans are not regarded as Irish by many (actual) Irish people and are often known by the derogatory term plastic paddies is in order but the term Irish American clearly isn’t itself derogatory. Overlordnat1 (talk) 20:54, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I beg to differ as like I said I have first hand experience of this and I know that 'Irish American' is a much more common derogatory term than plastic paddy (which i hadn't even hear of until this thread XD) FishandChipper (talk) 21:31, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I’m open to counterarguments but I just don’t see how this is true - if people have called you Irish-American with a sneering tone of voice then that is of course offensive but it doesn’t make the term itself derogatory. ‘Plastic paddy’ is quite widely used throughout the English speaking world to criticise people who claim that they’re Irish but aren’t considered to be by the speaker, especially Irish-Americans, it’s widely used in Ireland itself but not just there. Overlordnat1 (talk) 22:02, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Agree with this. We have an entry at Plastic Paddy, by the way. Theknightwho (talk) 22:28, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Idk maybe I'm just unobsevant but I can honestly say as an Irish citizen all my life not once have I ever heard someone say Plastic Paddy. Maybe some kind of Mandela Effect? XD FishandChipper (talk) 22:33, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * The Wikipedia article references an academic who claimed that the expression originated in 1980s London but the earliest cite on GoogleBooks is from 1993 referencing the song ‘Plastic Paddy’ - further research reveals that this is almost certainly the song by the famous Australian (Scottish-born) folk singer Eric Bogle of the same year (it first appeared on his 1993 album ‘Mirrors’ and can be listened to on YouTube). People of various nationalities have used the term in books but checking GoogleBooks it does seem to be a term that’s still much more widely used in the U.K than elsewhere tbh. Overlordnat1 (talk) 00:03, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Thats probably why I havent heard it, cause im not from the UK. Also I never denied its existance mind you it was simply something new id heard of. FishandChipper (talk) 08:22, 1 March 2022 (UTC)

 * Just a comment: it seems unusual not to hyphenate this, so consider making the primary form the hyphenated one. Equinox ◑ 22:13, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I was debating this as I created the pages (as you can see in the revsion logs) and I think I may end up swapping the two pages if this falls through. FishandChipper (talk) 22:29, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vox Sciurorum (talk) 19:25, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Keep; it's a recognised term with independent meaning. As to the concerns about the slippery slope that this would lead to Nigerian Japanese or Egyptian Portuguese or whatever, those terms can be added if they are recognised as having significant, independent meaning in the same way, and not merely two words put next to each other. But we should not be about excluding actual terms simply because they feel formulaic or we are concerned about there being more words on the same model (that's how language works?) or whatever. AllenY99 (talk) 08:23, 8 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Keep as per prev. comment. - Sonofcawdrey (talk) 09:20, 4 April 2022 (UTC)

RFD-kept, 6-5 AG202 (talk) 18:33, 12 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Irish American