text:
통견하다

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to see through, intuit, discern, have insight into

title: 통견하다


text:
통달

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) announcement, notice
 * 2) being well-versed in something

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: 통달


text: Category:Chinese terms calqued from Arabic


text:
통촉

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) seeing, understanding, discernment, judgement

title: 통촉


text:
vaẽ

Verb

 * 1) to arrive

title: vaẽ


text:
통촉하다

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to see, realize, understand, judge, discern

title: 통촉하다


text:
Template:gun-conj-dyn-glot

Conjugation of

title: Template:gun-conj-dyn-glot


text:
Template:gun-xer-class-oral

Possessed forms of

title: Template:gun-xer-class-oral


text:
a'yxy

Noun

 * 1) wife

Usage notes

 * This word is used to refer to a married woman who has a child. To refer to a married woman who does not have a child, or a married woman in general, use embireko.

title: a'yxy


text:
Talk:收拾

RFV discussion: February 2021–August 2022
Rfv-sense: "to free oneself; to extricate oneself; to relieve". Tagged by but not listed. The sense was added by himself in this. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 17:31, 18 February 2021 (UTC)
 * This seems to correspond to "解脫；排除" in Hanyu Da Cidian and "放開，解脫" in 五南國語活用辭典. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 16:31, 19 February 2021 (UTC)
 * This should be cited., please check the quotes and add translations if you can. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 16:34, 15 August 2022 (UTC)

 * RFV passed. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 09:56, 25 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:收拾


text:
Talk:回回話

RFV discussion: August 2022
Chinese. Self-nomination. —Fish bowl (talk) 02:38, 15 August 2022 (UTC)

 * It should be cited, but there are also lots of uses referring to the language of (other) Hui people. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 03:41, 16 August 2022 (UTC)

 * RFV passed. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 09:52, 25 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:回回話


text:
Talk:gàtèdào

RFV discussion: June–August 2022
Mandarin pronunciation of. --沈澄心✉ 16:58, 24 June 2022 (UTC)
 * What alternative reading would you propose? ---> Tooironic (talk) 23:02, 3 July 2022 (UTC)
 * I think something like gàitedào? — justin(r)leung { (t...) 16:22, 4 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Makes sense. ---> Tooironic (talk) 23:57, 4 July 2022 (UTC)

 * Deleted, since get到 has been RFD deleted. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 09:58, 25 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:gàtèdào


text:
Talk:如咪

RFV discussion: July–August 2022
Chinese. RcAlex36 (talk) 03:24, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
 * A normal Google search yields a lot of false positives, so I did google:"如咪"+site:lihkg.com. Found these from lihkg.com, after filtering out false positives across word boundaries and names. --Wpi31 (talk) 07:05, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
 * a few more examples I've found:
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * A normal Google search yields a lot of false positives, so I did google:"如咪"+site:lihkg.com. Found these from lihkg.com, after filtering out false positives across word boundaries and names. --Wpi31 (talk) 07:05, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
 * a few more examples I've found:
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * A normal Google search yields a lot of false positives, so I did google:"如咪"+site:lihkg.com. Found these from lihkg.com, after filtering out false positives across word boundaries and names. --Wpi31 (talk) 07:05, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
 * a few more examples I've found:
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * A normal Google search yields a lot of false positives, so I did google:"如咪"+site:lihkg.com. Found these from lihkg.com, after filtering out false positives across word boundaries and names. --Wpi31 (talk) 07:05, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
 * a few more examples I've found:
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * These usages should be sufficient to show that 如咪 is used in Hong Kong Cantonese, the earliest one (the one about soups) is from 2011. So far I haven't encountered any usages that are outside of Hong Kong, so I would assume it to be a HK-only word and have changed the lb on the page to specifically note that it is Hong Kong Cantonese. Wpi31 (talk) 16:44, 20 July 2022 (UTC)

 * Thanks for looking into it. While I don't think these are durably archived, I think there are enough examples to show that it is in use. I personally think that things from 紙言 can probably be used for attestation purposes in Cantonese; I don't think it's durably archived, but there is quite a lot of Cantonese colloquial writing there. Might be a good time to pull the second bullet point under WT:ATTEST., what do you think? — justin(r)leung { (t...) 17:02, 20 July 2022 (UTC)
 * It looks acceptable to me. —Fish bowl (talk) 00:07, 21 July 2022 (UTC)
 * No particular opinion on the matter for attestation, though I should note that 紙言's popularity has been on the decline; I don't think content on that site will remain available in the not-so-far future whereas some of the forum ones might. -- Wpi31 (talk) 15:59, 22 July 2022 (UTC)
 * I found a quote from Usenet, which I've added to Citations:如咪. Could you check if it makes sense to parse the 如咪 as the same word as the entry in question? — justin(r)leung { (t...) 19:34, 28 July 2022 (UTC)
 * it is a contraction of 如果唔係 in the quote, but it feels more sensible to write 炸文狗如(果)呢封炸左我咪send十封? Probably typo? For me, 如咪 functions similarly to 不然 or 否則, so it should negate the condition in the previous phrase, not the one after. -- Wpi31 (talk) 02:13, 29 July 2022 (UTC)
 * It does seem a little strange to me also, so that's why I asked you for a second opinion. I was hoping to find something from Usenet to make this RFV end a little more conventionally, but I guess we'd have to make do with the other quotes we have found. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 02:19, 29 July 2022 (UTC)
 * It does seem a little strange to me also, so that's why I asked you for a second opinion. I was hoping to find something from Usenet to make this RFV end a little more conventionally, but I guess we'd have to make do with the other quotes we have found. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 02:19, 29 July 2022 (UTC)

 * Treating this as cited. I've put most of the quotes above in Citations:如咪. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 20:25, 16 August 2022 (UTC)

 * RFV passed. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 09:53, 25 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:如咪


text:
Talk:abultá

abulta
what is it 2603:9000:8105:7448:51BF:40BF:F333:C5EE 22:55, 2 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:abultá


text:
sarraila

Noun

 * 1) lock

title: sarraila


text: jò

title: jò


text:
Template:gun-xer-class-nasal

Possessed forms of

title: Template:gun-xer-class-nasal


text:
embireko

Noun

 * 1) wife

Usage notes

 * This word is used to refer to a married woman in general. To refer specifically to a married woman who has a child, use a'yxy.

title: embireko


text:
ovexa

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) sheep

title: ovexa


text:
염호

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake, saline lake

title: 염호


text:
mongaru

Verb

 * 1) to feed
 * 2) to care for

title: mongaru


text:
User talk:FunnyMath

Welcome Message
Apisite (talk) 23:06, 2 September 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:FunnyMath


text:
Template:gun-conj-dyn-i-nasal

Conjugation of

title: Template:gun-conj-dyn-i-nasal


text:
lac salé

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: lac salé


text:
mbopara

Verb

 * 1) to decorate
 * 2) to write

title: mbopara


text: 盐水湖

title: 盐水湖


text:
鹽水湖

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: 鹽水湖


text:
Highcliffe

Proper noun

 * 1)  . Synonym:.

title: Highcliffe


text:
минеральное озеро

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: минеральное озеро


text:
apy

Adverb

 * 1) here

title: apy


text:
kyrĩgue'i

Noun

 * 1) little children
 * 2) a group of children

title: kyrĩgue'i


text: shinpan

title: shinpan


text:
ymaguare

Adjective

 * 1) ancient, of ancient times

title: ymaguare


text:
lago salato

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: lago salato


text:
lago salado

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: lago salado


text:
lago salino

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: lago salino


text:
lago salgado

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: lago salgado


text:
loch salainn

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) salt lake

title: loch salainn


text:
peshat

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A method of interpretation of a text using the face-value, literal meaning.

title: peshat


text:
Grand Lac Salé

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Proper noun

 * 1) Great Salt Lake

title: Grand Lac Salé


text: Category:fr:Places in Utah, USA

title: Category:fr:Places in Utah, USA


text: 大盐湖

title: 大盐湖


text:
大鹽湖

Proper noun

 * 1) Great Salt Lake

title: 大鹽湖


text:
yetzer hara

Noun

 * 1)  The human inclination toward evil.

title: yetzer hara


text:
Gran Lago Salado

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Proper noun

 * 1) Great Salt Lake

title: Gran Lago Salado


text: Category:es:Places in Utah, USA

title: Category:es:Places in Utah, USA


text:
birqum

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬 or 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) lightning
 * 2) lightning bolt, thunderbolt

title: birqum


text: Category:ru:Places in Utah, USA

title: Category:ru:Places in Utah, USA


text: Category:ru:Utah, USA

title: Category:ru:Utah, USA


text:
Большое Солёное озеро

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Proper noun

 * 1) Great Salt Lake

title: Большое Солёное озеро


text:
popkultura

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  mass culture, popular culture

title: popkultura


text:
동종

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) conspecific; homogenous; of the same kind; same type

title: 동종


text:
popkulturowy

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  pop-cultural

title: popkulturowy


text:
𒉏𒄈

Etymology
.

Logogram

CAT:akk:Lightning

Noun

 * 1) lightning bolt

title: 𒉏𒄈


text: Category:Sanskrit terms belonging to the root दक्ष्


text: Category:Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *deḱs-


text:
kolasås

Etymology
From.

title: kolasås


text: 三里不同調，十里不同音

title: 三里不同調，十里不同音


text: 三里不同调，十里不同音

title: 三里不同调，十里不同音


text:
Staatsverwaltung

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  public administration

title: Staatsverwaltung


text: 𪳂

title: 𪳂


text: 𫡀

title: 𫡀


text: 𫷙

title: 𫷙


text:
ബാസ്കറ്റ്ബോൾ

Etymology
.

Noun

 * : basketball

title: ബാസ്കറ്റ്ബോൾ


text: 𬀛

title: 𬀛


text:
main menu

Noun

 * 1)  A list of principal options, usually presented to the user immediately upon the launch of a computer program or video game.

title: main menu


text: 𪯼

title: 𪯼


text:
വോളിബോൾ

Etymology
.

Noun

 * : basketball

title: വോളിബോൾ


text: 𪢿

title: 𪢿


text: 𪢾

title: 𪢾


text: 𪢽

title: 𪢽


text: 𪢼

title: 𪢼


text: 𪢻

title: 𪢻


text:
Sha'anxi

Usage notes
In the Hanyu Pinyin romanization system for Mandarin Chinese, the syllable-dividing mark should usually be added before a non-initial syllable beginning with, , or. In the unique context of the word, the first syllable is (spelled with two a's to distinguish the two Chinese provinces  and ) and hence there should be no syllable-dividing mark.

title: Sha'anxi


text:
skarmelizować

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to caramelize
 * 2)  to caramelize

title: skarmelizować


text:
സ്വതന്ത്ര വ്യതിരേകം

Etymology
.

Noun

 * : independent variable

title: സ്വതന്ത്ര വ്യതിരേകം


text:
karmelowy

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  caramel
 * 2) caramel

title: karmelowy


text:
akỹ

Adjective

 * 1)  wet

title: akỹ


text:
sätta dit

Verb

 * 1)  to make (someone) look bad (and suffer consequences for looking bad); to get (someone), to expose (someone), to nail (someone)
 * 2) to put or attach (something) in or on another object (more than temporarily, for some purpose)
 * 3)  to place (a ball, puck, etc.) in a goal; to score
 * 1) to put or attach (something) in or on another object (more than temporarily, for some purpose)
 * 2)  to place (a ball, puck, etc.) in a goal; to score
 * 1)  to place (a ball, puck, etc.) in a goal; to score
 * 1)  to place (a ball, puck, etc.) in a goal; to score

Usage notes
Context dictates whether someone is being caught for a crime they committed or framed in.

title: sätta dit


text:
mbarigui

Noun

 * 1) blackfly

title: mbarigui


text:
ദത്തം

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) data

title: ദത്തം


text: Citations:Sha'anxi

title: Citations:Sha'anxi


text:
żółtobrązowy

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) caramel

title: żółtobrązowy


text: 𥿯

title: 𥿯


text: 𡲫

title: 𡲫


text:
opalarka

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) heat gun

title: opalarka


text:
świergotek

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) pipit

title: świergotek


text:
siwerniak

Noun

 * 1) water pipit

title: siwerniak


text: ほうび

title: ほうび


text: hōbi

title: hōbi


text:
siwarnik

Noun

 * 1)  water pipit

title: siwarnik


text:
Fredward

Etymology
Perhaps influenced by.

title: Fredward


text: 𮕳

title: 𮕳


text: 𮕲

title: 𮕲


text:
fudgebag

Noun

 * 1)  A despicable or stupid person.

title: fudgebag


text: fudgebags

title: fudgebags


text:
świergotanie

Etymology
From.

title: świergotanie


text:
łaskotanie

Etymology
From.

title: łaskotanie


text:
invariantive

Adjective

 * 1)  invariant

title: invariantive


text:
Talk:longer

Rail for fencing
I was reading Lucy Maud Montgomery's Kilmeny of the Orchard (1910, I think), and she uses "longer" as a noun, apparently meaning a kind of rail for building fences with. Perhaps this is just Canadian usage; I'm not sure. See https://collections.mun.ca/digital/collection/elrcdne/id/56954/ for another attestation. There are a few other scattered Internet hits; searching Google for fence+"longers" yields a few. I'm reluctant to add a new sense without some more confident consensus, though. What say you all? ACW (talk) 02:43, 3 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:longer


text:
płukanie

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  rinse
 * 1)  rinse

title: płukanie


text:
invalidship

Noun

 * 1) The state of being an invalid.

title: invalidship


text: 𮕴

title: 𮕴


text:
Iranism

Noun

 * 1) Iranian nationalism.

title: Iranism


text:
Citations:fanventure

===Noun: "(Homestuck fandom slang) a webcomic in the style of Homestuck, usually taking place in the same universe and featuring many of the same gimmicks, such as sprite art, reader-submitted commands, and lengthy animations"===

title: Citations:fanventure


text:
próchnojad

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) sapro-xylophage, cariophage

title: próchnojad


text:
Category:Old Irish verbs that lose a preverb in the prototonic

Old Irish prefixed verbs which form their prototonic forms by simply omitting their first prefix instead of shifting the verb's stress.


text: 𫥫

title: 𫥫


text: 𭃀

title: 𭃀


text: 𮀭

title: 𮀭


text:
pliska

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) white wagtail

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) wagtail, motacillid, especially a member of the genus

title: pliska


text: Category:sh:Pipits and wagtails

title: Category:sh:Pipits and wagtails


text:
ஒழி

Etymology 1
. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to cease, end, die

Etymology 2
. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to abolish, remove, destroy

title: ஒழி


text:
plíska

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  wagtail

title: plíska


text:
சுபம்

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) deliverance
 * 2) prosperity, auspiciousness, goodness
 * 3) happiness, bliss
 * 1) happiness, bliss
 * 1) happiness, bliss

Etymology 2
.

Noun

 * 1) whiteness

title: சுபம்


text:
plíška

Etymology
From.

title: plíška


text:
நற்செய்தி

Etymology
. See for more.

Noun

 * 1)  gospel, good news
 * 2) glad tidings
 * 1) glad tidings

title: நற்செய்தி


text:
சுவிசேஷம்

Etymology
. By surface analysis,. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) gospel, good news

title: சுவிசேஷம்


text:
dakkha

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) skilled; able; clever

Noun

 * 1) ability; skill

title: dakkha


text:
fanventure

Etymology
, in reference to ', the website that hosted ' until 2018.

Noun

 * 1)  A webcomic in the style of , usually taking place in the same universe and featuring many of the same gimmicks, such as sprite art, reader-submitted commands, and lengthy animations.

title: fanventure


text: fanventures

title: fanventures


text:
திசைவி

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) router

title: திசைவி


text:
wykrzesać

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to strike fire, to strike a spark
 * 2)  to whittle out
 * 3)  to harness, to muster
 * 1)  to harness, to muster
 * 1)  to harness, to muster

title: wykrzesać


text: Category:Tamil blends

title: Category:Tamil blends


text:
wykrzesywać

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to strike fire, to strike a spark
 * 2)  to whittle out
 * 3)  to harness, to muster
 * 1)  to harness, to muster

title: wykrzesywać


text:
wyciosywać

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to whittle out

title: wyciosywać


text:
wyciosać

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to whittle out

Conjugation
or

title: wyciosać


text:
yañi

Etymology
From. Alternative of.

Adjective

 * 1) new

title: yañi


text:
appamāda

Etymology
, equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) carefulness; vigilance

title: appamāda


text: 𭯽

title: 𭯽


text:
itük

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) boots

title: itük


text: Template:R:sa:GST

title: Template:R:sa:GST


text: Citations:ASOUE

title: Citations:ASOUE


text:
kvítí

Etymology
..

Noun

 * 1) flowers

title: kvítí


text: cotteyryn

title: cotteyryn


text: Wiktionary:Picture dictionary/vi:map/Asia


text:
jiffy tummy

Noun

 * 1)  A nauseous or upset stomach or GI tract.

title: jiffy tummy


text: èrdù

title: èrdù


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pliska

Noun

 * 1) wagtail

Descendants

 * East Slavic:
 * (dialectal)
 * South Slavic:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pliska


text: Category:Sinhalese terms derived from Middle Dutch


text: Category:Sinhalese terms derived from Old Dutch


text:
ociosać

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to whittle away
 * 2)  to smooth out, whittle away

Conjugation
or

title: ociosać


text:
ociosywać

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to whittle away
 * 2)  to smooth out, whittle away

title: ociosywać


text:
Staatsdienst

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  civil service

title: Staatsdienst


text:
uncomfily

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1)  Uncomfortably.

title: uncomfily


text:
puolueväri

Noun

 * 1)  party affiliation, political affiliation

title: puolueväri


text:
purjekelkka

Noun

 * 1) ice sailing sled

title: purjekelkka


text:
purjekelkkailu

Noun

 * 1) ice sailing

title: purjekelkkailu


text:
purjelaivasto

Noun

 * 1) fleet of sailing ships

title: purjelaivasto


text:
purjepinta

Noun

 * 1) sail area

title: purjepinta


text:
purjepussi

Noun

 * 1) sail bag, sail cover

title: purjepussi


text: pyörrepatsas

title: pyörrepatsas


text:
päihdehuolto

Noun

 * 1) substance abuse treatment

title: päihdehuolto


text:
päihdeklinikka

Noun

 * 1) substance abuse clinic, rehabilitation clinic

title: päihdeklinikka


text:
päihdekulttuuri

Noun

 * 1) intoxicant culture

title: päihdekulttuuri


text:
päihdekäyttö

Noun

 * 1) use of intoxicants

title: päihdekäyttö


text:
päihdekäyttäjä

Noun

 * 1) user of intoxicants

title: päihdekäyttäjä


text:
pärekori

Noun

 * 1) basket made of wooden shakes

title: pärekori


text:
pärevalkea

Noun

 * 1) light shed by a burning piece of wood on

title: pärevalkea


text:
päällepano

Noun

 * 1) laying on

title: päällepano


text:
päällepäsmäri

Noun

 * 1) bossy person

title: päällepäsmäri


text:
päälleäänitys

Noun

 * 1) dubbing, recording on top of something else

title: päälleäänitys


text:
päällikeompelu

Noun

 * 1) applique decorative design

title: päällikeompelu


text:
päärmepisto

Noun

 * 1) hemstitch

title: päärmepisto


text:
päätekeskustelu

Noun

 * 1) text chat between terminals

title: päätekeskustelu


text:
冇心裝載

Verb

 * 1)  to not care; to be indifferent

title: 冇心裝載


text: 冇心装载

title: 冇心装载


text:
Wiktionary talk:Requests for deletion/Header

Discussions and votes
Discussions and votes that are directly related to RFD closures:
 * Votes/pl-2022-01/RFD voting policies
 * Votes/pl-2022-01/RFD voting policies
 * Votes/pl-2022-01/RFD voting policies

Discussions and votes that are indirectly related, by pertaining to formal votes in WT:VOTES:
 * - thresholds for pass are proposed, 2/3 for policy vote; closure of RFD discussions is not being discussed, though
 * Votes/2019-03/Defining a supermajority for passing votes - not about RFD but about formal votes, for which it determined a fixed threshold of 2/3; before that, the threshold of 2/3 was nowhere specified and some votes were closed at a lower ratio, e.g. Votes/pl-2014-12/Making simplified Chinese soft-redirect to traditional Chinese; Wiktionary talk:Votes/pl-2014-12/Making simplified Chinese soft-redirect to traditional Chinese shows opposition to that closure; Votes/2010-04/Voting policy is another vote closed below 2/3

Some example past closures Dan Polansky (talk) 10:20, 5 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Talk:Xenocrates, 2010: the closure provides counting, the result is approximately 50:50 on pro-deletion reading
 * Talk:accordion-player, 2016: the entry was deleted and the pro-deleters provided zero rationale for deletion other than "SOP" and sometimes just said "delete" with no further note
 * Talk:less-than-stellar, 2018: the threshold 2/3 was used to keep an entry that would be deleted otherwise; it provides counting 5:3 for deletion
 * Talk:opinions are like assholes, 2021: the closure said "all opinions considered valid", which from my experience is unusual for a closure; it also provides counting 5:3 for keeping.
 * Talk:Joan of Arc, 2022: the closure provided no counting and retrospective counting reveals 4:3 for deletion at the time of closure

Which supermajority threshold
Evidence shows votes are actually being tallied even if other considerations may play a role: 1) people post keep and delete in boldface; 2) people post "Delete per nom" without adding any arguments to the discussion, which only makes sense if tallying takes place; 3) some discussions contain tallies, practice used by multiple editors. The question of what overridable threshold defines consensus therefore remains, and there's no denying it.

To me, evidence suggests the best supported threshold is 2/3 (66.6%) of support / support + oppose. The supporting evidence is the following: This is not to say that there is actual consensus for 2/3 threshold. As for 1/2, it was mentioned by one editor in a discussion but no one has tried to put it as an option into a poll. As for 1/3 minority sufficient for deletion, one user supported that in a discussion but no one else added their support. Since no one has bothered to engage in polling or other consensus-detection method to determine other thresholds than 2/3 and 3/5, there is no way for us to think that 1/2 or even 1/3 is supported by consensus. Dan Polansky (talk) 13:12, 5 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Formal votes use 2/3 as the threshold per the vote. Formal votes are not RFDs, but they also historically spoke of "consensus", so "consensus" is defined for them in this way.
 * In the RFD threshold vote, 2/3 threshold received many more votes than 3/5 threshold.
 * In Talk:less-than-stellar, threshold 2/3 was explicitly mentioned, used and not contradicted.
 * In Talk:dwagon, there was a tally and no threshold mentioned, but it was closed as kept near 2/3 for deletion.
 * Expanded. --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:10, 21 September 2022 (UTC)

Are RFDs discussions or votes?
RFDs are neither pure votes nor pure discussions: they are a combination of votes with discussion.

RFDs are not pure votes since they contain discussions: pure votes would only include bare votes "keep", "delete", "abstain" and the like without a further comment, and people would not respond to each other. In RFD, the discussion sometimes leads people to change their stance and it influences subsequent participants.

RFDs are not pure discussions either. Evidence shows RFDs are being predominantly treated and closed as being not only discussions but also votes: The above does not preclude that some votes are ignored as poorly reasoned, but examination of past RFD discussions shows bare deletes are not being routinely discounted as featuring no reasons. Dan Polansky (talk) 07:48, 7 September 2022 (UTC)
 * People often post their keeps and deletes in boldface, which is useful to tallying. There is sometimes "Comment" in boldface.
 * People make posts that add nothing to examination of arguments and evidence. Examples:
 * "Delete." Can be interpreted as "Delete per nom".
 * "Delete SOP" even when the SOP argument was already made.
 * "Delete per nom.": no argument or evidence added to what is already there.
 * "Delete per Joe Hoe." Drives the attention to reasons provided by a particular person.
 * "Delete per reasoning made by others": again, no addition to the arguments. Furthermore, this fails to properly identify the arguments. The poster is effectively barred from being refuted or discounted since it suffices for one previous argument being valid for the vote to be valid as well.
 * Some RFD closures contain tallies, explicitly counting keeps and deletes.
 * People often use the language "I vote keep" and the like, using the word "vote", as shown in RFD discussion archives.
 * Expanded. --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:12, 21 September 2022 (UTC)

History of the consensus requirement
The text from the header was originally in Requests for deletion, making it hard to track changes to it; it was put into the header by me in 2010.

The requirement no consensus => entry is kept was introduced in from 13 September 2009:
 * "Entries and senses should not usually be deleted in less than seven days, unless in reality the article is a speedy deletion candidate. When there is no consensus, add the template to the bottom of the discussion. If there is no consensus for a period of several months, the article maybe be kept as a 'no consensus'."

The period of several months was later changed to one month in from 9 October 2009. I changed "may" to "should" in from 5 February 2010, and then again in  from  27 October 2010. Then the text survived in the header with almost no changes until from 24 October 2021. I changed the text back to the spirit of the discussed requirement in from 3 September 2022.

I don't understand the purpose of "may" instead of "should"; is it to suggest that this is just a hint to be freely overridable? Formally speaking, "should" is weak enough, although in Wiktionary policies such as WT:CFI, "should" is interpreted as "shall" and "must". WT:CFI uses a mixture of "should", "shall" and "must" with the same meaning, as far as I can tell; I don't believe the "should" parts are interpreted as mere recommendations. Dan Polansky (talk) 12:48, 7 September 2022 (UTC)


text: baulkingly

title: baulkingly


text:
Landesliste

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  list of candidates of a party for the election to the Bundestag

title: Landesliste


text:
besail

Etymology
From en, from, short for.

Verb

 * 1)  To attack or assail; lunge at or toward; assault.

title: besail


text: besails

title: besails


text: besailed

title: besailed


text: besailing

title: besailing


text: Template:qya-categoryTOC

title: Template:qya-categoryTOC


text:
Talk:有力

Influencial?
My Japanese app (Takoboto) suggests influencial as a reading. It's usually pretty reliable..? 36.11.228.99 07:27, 3 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:有力


text: వేల్పు

title: వేల్పు


text:
Westerbeke

Etymology
.

title: Westerbeke


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ʊbl/2 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ʊbl/2 syllables


text: act possum

title: act possum


text: Maryse

title: Maryse


text:
uczelniany

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  school

title: uczelniany


text:
Marpsat

Proper noun

 * , b. 1951
 * , b. 1951

title: Marpsat


text:
Talk:oletettu

Expected?
Anyone object if we add expected as a meaning? As in Oletettu toimituspäivä on maanantai. The English word putative, the sole definition for oletettu currently, does not really fit. Rendall (talk) 07:57, 3 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:oletettu


text:
巖巖

Adjective

 * 1)  tall; tall and big
 * 2)  lofty; imposing; noble

Synonyms

title: 巖巖


text: 岩岩

title: 岩岩


text: Category:Cornish terms borrowed from Old French


text: Category:Cornish terms derived from Old High German


text: Category:Cornish terms derived from Proto-Germanic


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/alɨ̞s/2 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/alɨ̞s/2 syllables


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/alɨ̞s

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/alɨ̞s


text: Rhymes:Welsh/alɨ̞s

title: Rhymes:Welsh/alɨ̞s


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯ni

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯ni


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯ni/2 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯ni/2 syllables


text: Mary Lou

title: Mary Lou


text: Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯n...

title: Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯n...


text:
habituasi

Etymology
,, from.

Noun

 * 1) the act of habituating, or accustoming; the state of being habituated.
 * 2)  the process of becoming accustomed to an internal or external stimulus, such as a noxious smell or loud noise.The process of becoming accustomed to an internal or external stimulus, such as a noxious smell or loud noise.
 * 1)  the process of becoming accustomed to an internal or external stimulus, such as a noxious smell or loud noise.The process of becoming accustomed to an internal or external stimulus, such as a noxious smell or loud noise.

title: habituasi


text: baulkings

title: baulkings


text: Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯ni

title: Rhymes:Welsh/ei̯ni


text:
Zaporojié

Etymology
.

title: Zaporojié


text: Thesaurus:深遠

title: Thesaurus:深遠


text: miþqiþan

title: miþqiþan


text: lǎoyòu

title: lǎoyòu


text: Thesaurus:老少

title: Thesaurus:老少


text: wángguān

title: wángguān


text: wǎngguān

title: wǎngguān


text: wǎngguǎn

title: wǎngguǎn


text: yānjiǎn

title: yānjiǎn


text: yǎnjiān

title: yǎnjiān


text:
Highcliffe-on-Sea

Proper noun

 * , Dorset, England.

title: Highcliffe-on-Sea


text:
іврит

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Hebrew, Ivrit

title: іврит


text: 节下

title: 节下


text:
節下

Noun

 * 1)  days around a major festival

title: 節下


text: jiéxia

title: jiéxia


text: Citations:alcoholly

title: Citations:alcoholly


text:
alcoholly

Adjective

 * 1) Resembling or characteristic of alcohol.

title: alcoholly


text:
Highcliffe and Walkford

Proper noun

 * , created in 2019.

title: Highcliffe and Walkford


text:
電解電容

Noun

 * 1)  electrolytic capacitor

title: 電解電容


text: 电解电容

title: 电解电容


text:
orwellsk

Adjective

 * 1) Orwellian

title: orwellsk


text: diànróngqì

title: diànróngqì


text:
Saporoschje

Etymology
.

title: Saporoschje


text: pisses one's pants

title: pisses one's pants


text: pissing one's pants

title: pissing one's pants


text: pissed one's pants

title: pissed one's pants


text:
Quad Cities

Proper noun

 * 1) A region of cities (originally four) in the U.S. states of Iowa and Illinois: Davenport and Bettendorf in southeastern Iowa, and Rock Island, Moline and East Moline in northwestern Illinois.

title: Quad Cities


text:
商業銀行

Noun

 * 1)  commercial bank

Noun

 * 1)  commercial bank

title: 商業銀行


text: 商业银行

title: 商业银行


text: closes the door on

title: closes the door on


text: turns the page

title: turns the page


text: closing the door on

title: closing the door on


text:
零售銀行

Noun

 * 1)  retail bank

title: 零售銀行


text: 零售银行

title: 零售银行


text: closed the door on

title: closed the door on


text: turning the page

title: turning the page


text: RCIA

title: RCIA


text: Walkford

title: Walkford


text:
signifiaunce

Etymology
, a learned alteration of, a semi-learned borrowing of ; equivalent to. .

Noun

 * 1) An omen; a portentous event or symbol.
 * 2) The meaning or significance of an omen or event.
 * 3)  The definition or meaning of a word.
 * 4)  A sign or emblem; a distinguishing symbol.
 * 5)  An indication; a distinguishing behaviour.
 * 1)  A sign or emblem; a distinguishing symbol.
 * 2)  An indication; a distinguishing behaviour.
 * 1)  An indication; a distinguishing behaviour.

title: signifiaunce


text: signifiauns

title: signifiauns


text: signifyaunce

title: signifyaunce


text: signyfiaunce

title: signyfiaunce


text: sygnyfyaunce

title: sygnyfyaunce


text: syngnefiaunce

title: syngnefiaunce


text: syngnefyaunce

title: syngnefyaunce


text:
eitse

Etymology
Prolative of. Akin to 🇨🇬.

title: eitse


text: Юхим

title: Юхим


text:
significaunce

Etymology
, from, a borrowing from. (the more usual Middle English term).

Noun

 * 1) The meaning or significance of an omen.
 * 2) An omen; a portentous event or symbol.
 * 3) The definition or meaning of a word.
 * 1) The definition or meaning of a word.
 * 1) The definition or meaning of a word.

title: significaunce


text: signeficaunce

title: signeficaunce


text: significauns

title: significauns


text: dwedon

title: dwedon


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɛdɔn

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɛdɔn


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɛdɔn/2 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɛdɔn/2 syllables


text: Category:Welsh colloquial verb forms

title: Category:Welsh colloquial verb forms


text: Citations:Chishan

title: Citations:Chishan


text: Rhymes:Welsh/ɛdɔn

title: Rhymes:Welsh/ɛdɔn


text: Category:Western regional Proto-Slavic

title: Category:Western regional Proto-Slavic


text:
nombrynge

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A listing, catalogue, or enumeration.
 * 2)  Counting; the measurement of a quantity.
 * 3)  Mathematics; arithmetics.
 * 4)  An orthography; a set of conventions for writing a language.

title: nombrynge


text: Devejyans

title: Devejyans


text: nombrynges

title: nombrynges


text: Devedjians

title: Devedjians


text:
Citations:Cele

 * Five IBPP research stations-four in the Tianshan region (Muosuowan, Fukang, Bayinbuluke, and Turpan) and one (the Cele Desert Research Station) near Hetian on the southern edge of the Tarim Basin-support field work on a wide range of topics (Map 1-5).
 * Salamet Memetimin, the communist party secretary for Chaka township’s Bekchan village, in Hotan (in Chinese, Hetian) prefecture’s Chira (Cele) county, was among 97 officials recently charged with disciplinary violations, according to an April 10 report by the state-run Hotan Daily newspaper.
 * Some local governments are struggling to maintain this pace of spending. In neighbouring Cele county, where authorities expected to have almost 12,000 detainees in vocational camps and detention centres, a budget for 2018 says: “There are still many projects not included in the budget due to a lack of funds. The financial situation in 2018 is very severe.”
 * Memet Azizi, director of Cele County's bureau of education, said that Tianjin's help had brought them hope for the future. With support from Tianjin, a standard football field and training center was constructed at Cele County's No. 1 Primary School.
 * Some local governments are struggling to maintain this pace of spending. In neighbouring Cele county, where authorities expected to have almost 12,000 detainees in vocational camps and detention centres, a budget for 2018 says: “There are still many projects not included in the budget due to a lack of funds. The financial situation in 2018 is very severe.”
 * Memet Azizi, director of Cele County's bureau of education, said that Tianjin's help had brought them hope for the future. With support from Tianjin, a standard football field and training center was constructed at Cele County's No. 1 Primary School.
 * Memet Azizi, director of Cele County's bureau of education, said that Tianjin's help had brought them hope for the future. With support from Tianjin, a standard football field and training center was constructed at Cele County's No. 1 Primary School.
 * Memet Azizi, director of Cele County's bureau of education, said that Tianjin's help had brought them hope for the future. With support from Tianjin, a standard football field and training center was constructed at Cele County's No. 1 Primary School.

title: Citations:Cele


text:
Wiktionary:Todo/phrases not linked to from components/Complicated or possibly crap

 * Manual: Monster Manual
 * 12 MN
 * that day is not today
 * clem }}  ====Derived terms====
 * clepe }}  ====Derived terms====
 * atactica  ====Derived terms====
 * arsetine  ====Derived terms====
 * pyramid up
 * Juan: Juan time
 * cap  ====Derived terms====
 * shed: |sheddase
 * basket of chips
 * '''chip chipscanner
 * send: send to Belize
 * Hamas: anti-Hamas|pro-Hamas
 * tuna: tuna salad
 * Belize: send to Belize
 * Vietnamese: anti-Vietnamese
 * twelfth: five hundred twelfth note
 * buck  ====Derived terms====
 * bro: us bro us
 * Veda:Veda bread
 * bhai: us bhai us
 * false venus comb - check all lynx
 * renewable : renewable resource
 * Arab: pro-Arab
 * zinc: zinc-bearing
 * ex: ex-chancellor|ex-Communist|ex-coworker|ex-fiancé|ex-fiancée|ex-member|ex-minister|ex-senator|ex-smoker|ex-tangential|ex-tropical cyclone|ex-worker|ex-urbanite
 * smoke-free zone
 * eye of newt
 * Fanum tax
 * secondary moon
 * tertiary moon
 * ancor  ====Derived terms====  '''  ====Derived terms====

 * coke }}  ====Derived terms====


text: Odadjians

title: Odadjians


text: Template:table:colors/pam

title: Template:table:colors/pam


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯t/1 syllable

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯t/1 syllable


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯t

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯t


text: Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯t

title: Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯t


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/eɨ̯θɔn/2 syllables


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/eɨ̯θɔn

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/eɨ̯θɔn


text: Rhymes:Welsh/eɨ̯θɔn

title: Rhymes:Welsh/eɨ̯θɔn


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɔra

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɔra


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɔra/3 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ɔra/3 syllables


text: Rhymes:Welsh/ɔra

title: Rhymes:Welsh/ɔra


text: Odajyans

title: Odajyans


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ai̯f

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ai̯f


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ai̯f/1 syllable

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ai̯f/1 syllable


text: Rhymes:Welsh/ai̯f

title: Rhymes:Welsh/ai̯f


text:
nawoływać

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to call out, to hail
 * 2)  to exhort, to urge
 * 3)  to hail each other
 * 4)  to call
 * 1)  to call

title: nawoływać


text:
дєкувати

Etymology
, borrowed from, from , ultimately from.

title: дєкувати


text:
Օդաջյան

Etymology
From.

title: Օդաջյան


text:
اوطه‌جی

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) office-keeper in any large establishment

title: اوطه‌جی


text: станьмо

title: станьмо


text:
User talk:Dan Polansky/2020

Euphemistic spellings with asterisk
Euphemistic spellings with asterisk are currently discussed at Requests for deletion/English. They are in Category:English terms spelled with *, which currently has 68 items.

An August 2019 deletion discussion will be archived to Talk:b*tches.

Other past deletion discussions include Talk:f*der (2010 keeper), and Talk:f**k (a near-unanimous 2008 keeper with 8 keep votes).

A relevant template is euphemistic spelling of.

WT:CFI seems relevant: "There is occasionally concern that adding an entry for a particular term will lead to entries for a large number of similar terms. This is not a problem, as each term is considered on its own based on its usage, not on the usage of terms similar in form."

--Dan Polansky (talk) 10:42, 15 February 2020 (UTC)

řidčeji
Hey. What part of speech is řidčeji supposed to be? For the abbreviation řidč, which has no POS header--Vitoscots (talk) 01:45, 10 April 2020 (UTC)
 * While I've got your attention, POS is needed for other Czech entries where it is not obvious to me. t. r., tzn., v. r. --Vitoscots (talk) 01:49, 10 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Wonderfool above? Anyway, I created řidčeji. The abbreviation would be at řidč. with period in it. As for the other entries, I find the heading "Abbreviation" just fine, while I know that some are trying to get rid of it. I find adding missing lemmas hugely more useful for me and our readers than getting rid of "Abbreviation". Even if I try to determine the part of speech for e.g. "tzn.", that is not so straightforward: it stands for "to znamená", in English "that means", or i.e., or Latin "id est". English i.e. is now entered as an adverb, which makes no grammatical sense to me. I actually find the still pretty widespread use of the heading Abbreviation pretty okay and certainly not inaccurate; it breaks some neatniks' sense of ontological purity since it does not state the part of speech unlike many other level-2 headings. To replace what is accurate with something that is inaccurate to achieve ontological purity does not strike me as the best idea. --Dan Polansky (talk) 05:30, 10 April 2020 (UTC)
 * OK, so I called them all phrases - what is normally done when I actually don't know the correct POS. --Vitoscots (talk) 11:41, 10 April 2020 (UTC)
 * That did not make anything better since 1) they are not phrases, and 2) "Phrase" is not part of speech, so the original problem was not even addressed. This whole effort (not yours in particular) seems pretty misguided to me. --Dan Polansky (talk) 12:00, 10 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Perhaps you're right. Much of what I do is misguided. Feel free to revert if you see fit. Also, "Phrase" is an accepted part of speech in Wiktionary. --Vitoscots (talk) 12:51, 10 April 2020 (UTC)
 * "Phrase" is, as a matter of fact, not part of speech; it is an accepted value of level-2 heading. --Dan Polansky (talk) 15:12, 10 April 2020 (UTC)
 * I say it's both. --Vitoscots (talk) 23:58, 10 April 2020 (UTC)

Edit summary standard
The following is what I think is a fine edit summary standard for Wiktionary:
 * 1) If you are doing something unobvious, you should indicate so in the edit summary.
 * 2) If you are doing something unobvious, the edit summary benefits from the form A: R, where A is the action description and R is an abbreviated rationale.
 * 3) If you are deleting something, you should indicate so in the edit summary.
 * 4) A new entry does not need an edit summary. Alternatively, it can say "+Language".
 * 5) If you are adding something, an empty edit summary is okay, while saying "expand" is probably better.
 * 6) Abbreviated edit summaries are quicker to read and preferable. Thus, "Czech: +DT" is preferable to "I added Derived terms section to a Czech language section." Possibly rather subjective and culturally dependent.
 * 7) If you are entering a term that is not in dictionaries, indicate in the edit summary in an abbreviated form where the term is attested. I am using the form "Author1 Year1, Author2 Year2, Author3 Year3, title:WorkTitle4 Year4"; I only use work titles when I cannot quickly identify the author. Will be probably considered too stringent by many. On the other hand, it is still so much faster and cheaper to do than enter the actual quotations into the entry.
 * 8) If you are performing multiple actions, you may describe only one action and cover the rest via "etc."; what you should not do is describe only one action and perform also other actions since that is misleading or sometimes outright fraudulent.

For comparison, Wikipedia has W:Help:Edit summary. Interestingly, it says "Always provide an edit summary". That is far from being the common practice in the English Wiktionary, often to detrimental effect. On the other hand, contrary to its section title, even Wikipedia body text of the help page does not strictly require an edit summary for every single edit; I think it would be an overkill to require or even enforce that in Wiktionary.

--Dan Polansky (talk) 07:59, 8 May 2020 (UTC)

Synonymy between given names and their pet forms
It seems to me there is synonymy between a given name and its pet forms. Thus, Jack is a synonym of John, and Maggie is a synonym of Margaret. The synonymy may not be entirely obvious since we are dealing with proper names, and these attach to referents via acts of christening. What seems to support the synonymy thesis is the readiness with which someone called, say, Margaret can be referred to as Maggie, and the latter reference is not via christening. A given name and its pet forms are coextensive (refer to the same set of individuals), to say the least. The trick by which it works seems to be that, say, Maggie has not the extensional meaning typical of proper names, one arising via christening, but rather seems to have the intensional meaning "a person named Margaret". To obtain full intensional synonymy, we need to assign this intensional meaning also to "Margaret", which is kind of weird, but anyway. "Margaret" would have 1) extensional meaning, arising via christening, and 2) intensional meaning "person named Margaret", where the term Margaret used in the intensional definition depends on the extensional meaning or else we would have an infinite recursion. The intensional meaning seems to be used in the plural Margarets. And then some people claim that "a given name" is also a meaning of "Margaret", which I submit is no meaning of the term at all but rather a description of the term.

--Dan Polansky (talk) 14:06, 8 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Expanded. --Dan Polansky (talk) 18:48, 9 May 2020 (UTC)

 * There's something contextual per individual about this. I work with a Liz and an Elizabeth. Liz is known only as Liz (at work) but has told me that outside of work she is known only as Elizabeth, and chose Liz at work to avoid confusion with the other Elizabeth. This kind of knottiness generally doesn't happen with common nouns since we aren't that concerned with distinguishing two apples or giving them a choice of identity. (BTW, what about "deadnaming" and synonymy? Heh.) Equinox ◑ 18:56, 9 May 2020 (UTC)
 * These are good points. The question would then be whether the kind of synonymy or near-synonymy is synonymic enough to merit the synonym markup in Wiktionary. I would think so. --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:13, 9 May 2020 (UTC)

English: a hybrid Romance-Germanic language
English appears to me to be a hybrid Romance-Germanic language. The degree to which English vocabulary is permeated with words stemming from Latin is remarkable.

When I see Italian, it reminds me of English; when I see Danish, it reminds me of German.

I saw Richard Dawkins opine about English in a similar way, in a video that I cannot quickly find.

Is English Really a Germanic Language?, Sep 8, 2016, Langfocus at youtube.com, has a pie chart indicating that English vocabulary is 26% Germanic, 29% French, and 29% Latin. I don't know whether these numbers are correct and for what layer of vocabulary they are determined; if you include the large swaths of the bottom-ontology scientific vocabulary, surely Latin and Greek are going outnumber everything else, but that is to be expected and is not interesting.

The same video also relates the creole hypothesis, by which English is a creole language. The theory highlights huge simplification in English grammar that took place, including considerable reduction of inflection. Old English had an inflection system not unlike many other inflected languages, the video tells us.

--Dan Polansky (talk) 10:19, 9 May 2020 (UTC)
 * I was under the impression that English evolved from Germanic roots but borrowed words heavily from every other European countries - so there are many words derived from Romance languages but also from Scandinavian ones. I blame Shakespeare. SemperBlotto (talk) 10:25, 9 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Believing the percentages in the video, the distribution of borrowing is uneven, French being a much heavier lender to English than other European languages, a circumstance that would be linked to Norman invasion. By contrast, imports from Slavic languages are rather limited. --Dan Polansky (talk) 10:37, 9 May 2020 (UTC)

Links: --Dan Polansky (talk) 10:59, 9 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Why is English classified as a Germanic rather than Romance language?, linguistics.stackexchange.com
 * The English language is a lot more French than we thought, here’s why, Apr 13, 2017, medium.com
 * Has some very interesting graphs, like showing how the proportion of origins changes as we move from the most common words to less common words. Not an academic article; use with caution.

Later: The graph in the medium.com article above, in article section Visualizing the data, suggests that French origin and Latin origin combined reach 40% of vocabulary for about 1000 most common English words, reaching 50% of vocabulary for about 2000 most common English words, and rising slowly higher as the number of most common English words analyzed increases. The article indicates wordfrequency.info as its source for word frequencies, where the website indicates that "The data is based on the one billion word Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) -- the only corpus of English that is large, up-to-date, and balanced between many genres." --Dan Polansky (talk) 08:54, 22 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Calling English “a hybrid Romance-Germanic language” (which implies a creole) is misleading. It is only Standard English (which is based mainly on the Estuary dialect, with influences from other dialects) that has a superstratum from Romance & Latin. Other Anglic dialects, especially Northern English & Scots, simply remind one of some Germanic speech. By the way, it is eath to write even Southern English using only inherited words: the mainstream literature rejecting native words of a language does not change its linguistic affiliation. — inqilābī  [ inqilāb   zindabād  ] 19:17, 24 September 2020 (UTC)

Frequency-based notability test for inclusion of individual people
One might use Google Ngram Viewer for a frequency-based notability test for inclusion of individual people. To determine whether an individual should have a sense in their surname, we might compare the frequency of a fuller name with the frequencies of names of other notable people. For example, entry Newton includes individual sense "Sir Isaac Newton, English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, alchemist, and natural philosopher." Admittedly, one would in fact be interested in uses of the surname alone, but that is not amenable to an easy frequency test.

Some test results:

All of the above would be includable in surnames. More work required. See also Category:en:Individuals.

Another useful test is the lemming test (WT:LEMMING); M-W has Einstein, Hitler, Hume, Russell; M-W does not have Popper.

Yet another test is the existence of -ian/-ean adjective: Galilean, Newtonian, Einsteinian, Humean, Russellian, Popperian, Wittgensteinian. One would have to make sure that the particular person is sufficiently often invoked by the adjective rather than another person of the same surname. --Dan Polansky (talk) 19:49, 7 June 2020 (UTC)

Inclusion question
This is probably a really stupid question, but why does Darth Vader as "a powerful individual or force" clearly meet the criteria for CFI while Morgan Freeman as a description of a certain kind of deep voice does not? For example: I can't quite put my finger on it. Alexis Jazz (talk) 10:31, 27 June 2020 (UTC)
 * "Your students don't expect a Ron Howard film, a Morgan Freeman voice-over, or a heartfelt Meryl Streep soliloquy."
 * "Mark Zuckerberg reveals his Morgan Freeman voice inspired virtual butler"
 * "Harlan Freeman shrugged and said in a Morgan Freeman voice as if to Miss Daisy"
 * Entry Morgan Freeman for an American actor is regulated by WT:NSE, and is therefore exluded via "No individual person should be listed as a sense in any entry whose page title includes both a given name or diminutive and a family name or patronymic". By contrast, Darth Vader is regulated by WT:FICTION.
 * But your question seems to be about the form of quotation rather than which policy applies. Thus, you seem to be interested in the contrast between "[...] was rapidly becoming the Darth Vader of Japanese baseball" and "[...] said in a Morgan Freeman voice [...]". If we subject both forms to WT:FICTION for the sake of analysis, we can note WT:FICTION's "With respect to names of persons or places from fictional universes, they shall not be included unless they are used out of context in an attributive sense. I don't think "[...] said in a Morgan Freeman voice [...]" uses "Morgan Freeman" in an attributive sense. Let me add that "in a Morgan Freeman voice" surely is an attributive use, grammatically speaking, but I would argue it is not use in an attributive sense for the purpose of WT:FICTION. Admittedly, I am not sure the phrase "attributive sense" is used in linguistics in this way, and it seems to me the application of WT:FICTION is far from unproblematic and clear. --Dan Polansky (talk) 15:29, 29 June 2020 (UTC)
 * That's about what I meant. "Your students don't expect a Morgan Freeman voice-over" means "Your students don't expect an excellent deep voice-over" and "Bush's missile shield plan positions him as Darth Vader" means "Bush's missile shield plan positions him as a malevolent, dominating and threatening force". Using Morgan Freeman as a substitute for deep/credible/impressive = no inclusion, using Darth Vader to describe evil = inclusion.
 * I'm vaguely thinking that using something in this way as a kind-of adjective does not apply for inclusion, but as a noun it does? Like, "they showed a Darth Vader force of evil" would not be valid because "Darth Vader" describes "force of evil" instead of being its own term? Alexis Jazz (talk) 10:55, 30 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Criteria for inclusion/Fictional universes has "[...] was rapidly becoming the Darth Vader of Japanese baseball" as an example, and thereby cements this kind of usage as coming under the policy. By contrast, "a Morgan Freeman voice-over" is more open to debate since policy does not have a directly analogous example; I don't really know what position I would take in RFD concerning such an example. One might argue that the Darth Vader example does not direct the reader to any particular attribute of Darth Vader to pick and is therefore more opaque; by contrast, the Morgan Freeman example directs the reader to the voice. And again, I don't really know and would be open to be convinced one way or another in a RFD. --Dan Polansky (talk) 17:40, 30 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Well, strictly literally speaking, it's not open to debate as the entry was deleted without any RFD or specified rationale. "Morgan Freeman–esque" is also a thing btw. Makes me think of Pythonesque and Kafkaesque. Not entirely the same as those melted into a single word, but still. The word hoarse also directs the reader to the voice. It's not named after anyone, but what if it were? Alexis Jazz (talk) 21:54, 30 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Morgan Freeman was deleted on 27 June 2020 by SemperBlotto. The entry was entered as a proper noun yet had adjectival definition "clear, calm and deep". The entry seems to fail CFI as per "No individual person should be listed as a sense in any entry whose page title includes both a given name or diminutive and a family name or patronymic", but since the definition is adjectival and might be argued to be not an individual person listed as a sense, you might want to ask SemperBlotto to restore the entry and send it to RFD for deletion discussion. I am not an admin and cannot restore the entry. --Dan Polansky (talk) 09:25, 2 July 2020 (UTC)
 * PoS has literally confused me since childhood. If you have "a ball game" (or "coal mine" for that matter), are "ball" and "coal" adjectives? (I just don't know, two nouns in a row don't seem to be right either?) In Dutch such words usually become one, balspel and kolenmijn, sometimes hyphenated. Like Morgan Freeman-stem, for example "Om mee te peddelen met Jeff en zijn kalmerende Morgan Freeman-stem, kan u terecht op zijn site." ("To coast along with Jeff and his calming Morgan Freeman voice, visit his site.") Or is it just two nouns in a row and did I only get the header wrong? Alexis Jazz (talk) 10:51, 2 July 2020 (UTC)
 * "ball game" is two nouns in a row. It is a noun phrase, where "game" is a clear noun, and "ball" is a noun acting as an adjective, which is indicated by saying that it is a noun used attributively. The Czech equivalent "míčová hra" is much more transparent since "míčový" is an adjective separate from the noun "míč". Learning about attributive uses of English nouns is a basic English grammar learning task for a native speaker of a Slavic language. --Dan Polansky (talk) 11:25, 2 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I see. So "míčová" is essentially "ball-y", which is just less common in English. See also the "computer-y" quote from Cory Doctorow I just added to -y. Alexis Jazz (talk) 13:21, 2 July 2020 (UTC)

Keeping real people names via use in attributive sense
Since 2010, Arnold Schwarzenegger can be deleted as failing WT:NSE's "No individual person should be listed as a sense in any entry whose page title includes both a given name or diminutive and a family name or patronymic" unless one argues that since that entry is made as a noun with a noun definition rather than a proper noun with a definition line identifying the particular individual, it does not fall under the quoted NSE regulation. This was introduced by Votes/pl-2010-12/Names of individuals. It created an incongruence with inclusion of Darth Vader via WT:FICTION, via "With respect to names of persons or places from fictional universes, they shall not be included unless they are used out of context in an attributive sense." Here again one might object that there is no incongruence since Darth Vader is kept as a countable noun with the main definition "A powerful individual or force, particularly one that is seen as malevolent, dominating and threatening" and therefore, both Arnold Schwarzenegger and Darth Vader can be kept as nouns, escaping WT:NSE.

I would rather modify CFI and keep Arnold Schwarzenegger as a proper noun with definition "An Austrian-American bodybuilder and actor noted for highly muscular body" or the like, a definition that both identifies the individual and the characteristics that can be picked by metaphorical uses.

I made some relevant comment in RFD for Morgan Freeman, to be archived at Talk:Morgan Freeman.

--Dan Polansky (talk) 09:42, 3 July 2020 (UTC)

Names of organizations
Names of organizations are governed by WT:NSE. Names of organizations include United Nations, and some other items in Category:en:Organizations including Federal Intelligence Service, Greenpeace, Hamas, Hezbollah, International Court of Justice, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, World Trade Organization, and more.

An ongoing RFD is going to be archived at Talk:National Hockey League. One property easing the deletion of National Hockey League is that it consists of multiple capitalized nouns or adjectives, unlike e.g. Greenpeace.

The WT:LEMMING test can be useful.

Greenpeace is in Lexico, Collins and Macmillan. Greenpeace survived RFD per Talk:Greenpeace.

Hamas is in Lexico and Collins.

--Dan Polansky (talk) 13:51, 3 July 2020 (UTC)

Interpreting and fixing WT:FICTION
WT:FICTION seems problematic as per RFD comments that are going to be archived at Talk:Scheherazade.

Replacing WT:FICTION's "With respect to names of persons or places from fictional universes, they shall not be included unless they are used out of context in an attributive sense" with editor discretion could be considered, like "Inclusion or exclusion of attested names of fictional persons and fictional places is subject to editor discretion"; then, editors could use any tentative policy they like in RFD. The attestation requirement involves independence, a basic filter to does not allow any single-attested fictional character to be included but rather multiple authors would need to refer to the character. --Dan Polansky (talk) 15:02, 3 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I don't think it is even useful to differentiate between fiction and non-fiction. What would it matter if people say "You are a real Dexter" or "You are a real Albert Einstein"? What's the difference between "It hardly takes a Sherlock Holmes to deduce that a properly designed and installed lap beltshoulder harness will prevent or mitigate every one of the above listed hazards" and "Well, it hardly takes an Allan Pinkerton to figure out what you're up to now, does it?"? Can't have the latter because Allan Pinkerton actually existed? Alexis Jazz (talk) 19:57, 5 July 2020 (UTC)

Blend/portmanteau formation patterns as suffixes
Blend/portmanteau formation patterns can sometimes be included as suffixes, e.g. -gate. A deletion discussion is to be archived at Talk:-geddon; other candidates include -mageddon and -pocalypse. -gate is particularly productive: Category:English words suffixed with -gate has 151 items. --Dan Polansky (talk) 08:43, 4 July 2020 (UTC)

Policy override and categorical imperative
The following is inspired by Kant's categorical imperative. It may be a proper application of the principle or not; it is in any case inspired be it. It is further inspired by Popper's falsificationism.

The following principle guiding policy override comes to mind:
 * If, in RFD, you want to override a codified policy, you have to state the overriding principle that you could wish to become part of policy.

The above is probably too stringent since it requires the overriding person to do the policy work and to iron out the kinks and details. For instance, we used translation target (now known as translation hub) as an override at the time at which we had not a proper policy change proposal.

The above results in a more lenient modification of the above principle:

 * If, in RFD, you want to override a codified policy, you have to state the overriding principle that, after adding proper detail, qualifications and finetuning, you could wish to become part of policy.

On the other hand, the above may be too lenient. It may allow overriders to throw around hugely disfunctional principles lacking all qualifications and distinctions and claim that the principles would work if only the proper qualifications were added.

Now how do you know whether you could wish a principle to become part of policy? You would know that by examining the impact of incorporating the principle into policy, and by determining whether the impact is desirable or not. Unfortunately, you may not be qualified or have enough information to properly assess the impact. That's a complication. Furthermore, people differ about what is desirable and what is not.

On a different note, policy overrides are a fact of life in the English Wiktionary. One example are the translation targets/translation hubs, codified after years of use. Another example are the hot words, which have not yet been codified via a vote as far as I know.

Policy overrides should not be done too lightly, or else the English Wiktionary's atmosphere of rule of law, at least as far as RFDs and RFVs go, would erode. Those who apply overrides should be ready to respond to inquiries and provide rationales and supporting evidence. Those unwilling to do the research and articulation work or point to research and articulation work done by someone else should not be throwing around overrides.

--Dan Polansky (talk) 09:09, 11 July 2020 (UTC)

Google Ngram Viewer interface spoiled
Google Ngram Viewer had such a beautiful, functional user interface. Today, I found its interface spoiled using some "modern" web design or whatever it is. I wonder how and if this fashionable nonsense could be stopped. (Only borderline relevant to Wiktionary; nonetheless, GNV is a very useful tool for us.) --Dan Polansky (talk) 05:59, 14 July 2020 (UTC)

 * Since all design is shit now, the most likely workable solution is for creators to expose their services as a set of functionality, with a choice of visuals on top (like choosing CSS themes on some sites, or a window manager for Linux). Equinox ◑ 10:04, 14 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Gmail does give us some kind of choice. Since some time ago, I switched to "basic HTML" interface in Gmail. Boy, does it feel sane. It behaves much more like the physical world; I mean, when I move my hand toward a drawer, I don't expect the drawer to start opening. --Dan Polansky (talk) 10:16, 14 July 2020 (UTC)

English nouns derived directly from adjectives without suffixing
In English, adjectives often have corresponding same-looking nouns, featuring plurals. While such nouns exist for a host of adjectives, one cannot automatically assume the noun existence for any adjective.

Adjective → noun and its plural, examples:
 * additive → additive, additives
 * adjective → adjective, adjectives
 * adhesive → adhesive, adhesives
 * contraceptive → contraceptive, contraceptives
 * bad → bad, bads
 * wrong → wrong, wrongs
 * plural → plural, plurals
 * principal → principal, principals
 * constant → constant, constants
 * variable → variable, variables
 * observable → observable, observables
 * pharmaceutical → pharmaceutical, pharmaceuticals

Linguistics will have many of these, on the model of "X case" → noun:X and the like.

Pharmaceuticals will be often named liked this.

If there were a neat linguistic term for the above phenomenon, we could create a convenient category for such nouns; we could create a category regardless, clumsily named, perhaps.

--Dan Polansky (talk) 07:43, 15 July 2020 (UTC)
 * This is called a . PUC – 10:23, 15 July 2020 (UTC)

Czech has a somewhat similar phenomenon in which adjectives give rise to what is usually ranked as nouns but are inflected as adjectives anyway. Examples include proměnná, neznámá, vrchní, etc. In Czech, adjectives have plurals anyway, and the nominalization (turning-into-noun) does not change that. In Czech, the process seems much less productive than in English; compare Czech nouns aditivum (vs. aditivní), plurál (vs. plurální), principál (vs. principální), konstanta (vs. konstantní), etc. The lesser productiveness in Czech may have to do with English having Latin as one of its major sources, to the point of being considered by some to be a hybrid Latin-Germanic language, unlike Czech. --Dan Polansky (talk) 10:16, 15 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Should have been "hybrid Germanic-Romance" rather than "hybrid Latin-Germanic". A previous post is . --Dan Polansky (talk) 07:08, 16 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I've been noticing some cases where this has been, in my view, taken too far. Just about any adjective can be nominalized in an ad-hoc way, and with vast corpora like Google books or Usenet, you can surely find someone saying "I'll have an unsweetened", or "the dumbs drown out the smarts". sweaty ("one who is sweaty") is one that was discussed recently at RfV. Other suspect cases I've noticed include skinny ("A skinny being", also "A low-fat serving of coffee"), and blue ("Anything coloured blue"). Colin M (talk) 04:22, 2 March 2021 (UTC)

Administration statistics
Administration statistics including admin action total and break down into action types, e.g. page deletions:
 * en.wiktionary.org - Admin Stats - XTools, xtools.wmflabs.org

Top 7 admin action totals for 2020-06-14 to 2020-07-15 (31 days):
 * 1. SemperBlotto: 758
 * 2. Benwing: 665
 * 3. Surjection: 490
 * 4. Metaknowledge: 265
 * 5. Chuck Entz: 247
 * 6. Robbie SWE: 149
 * 7. Ultimateria: 128

--Dan Polansky (talk) 12:00, 15 July 2020 (UTC)

Time range and types of admin action examined can be set here: Maximum time range seems to be one year. --Dan Polansky (talk) 07:04, 16 July 2020 (UTC)
 * https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats

tvář
Sorry for bringing up something that happened five years ago, but a related question has just come up in a Czech discord server I'm in and I once again find this page inadequate.

From the SSJČ link at the bottom of the page:

"3. kniž. souhrn základních znaků, rysů někoho, něčeho; podstata 1, povaha 2, charakter 3, tvářnost 2: lidská t. básníka; poznat skutečnou t. života; pravá t. fašismu ... 4. kniž. vnější podoba věci n. jevu; vzezření, vzhled, tvářnost 3: měnící se t. města; t. krajiny; t. časopisu (Fuč.)"

Google results for "tvář města" are plentiful. Clearly none of this refers to a part of the human body and I think the page should account for these senses too. filelakeshoe (holla) 07:28, 10 August 2020 (UTC)
 * The above is in reference to my removing sense "form, essence" from tvář in . The sense does not match "tvář města" or "tvář krajiny", so it does not match sense SSJC 4. As for sense 3, there could be a better match but I am not sure; "pravá t. fašismu" from SSJC 3 would be "pravá tvář fašismu", something like "true colors of fascism" rather than "true essence of fascist". Which Czech-English dictionaries support the discussed sense? What are some example translations of sentences from Czech to English where "form" or "essence" are well-fitting translations of "tvář"? --Dan Polansky (talk) 08:27, 11 August 2020 (UTC)

If people use a word to mean something, that's what it means
The idea of the title of this section was beautifully put by Equinox on a different project:

 * 'If a word is used by 99% of the world to mean something then it means that thing. I can cry that people say "hacker" to refer to a person who breaks into computer systems, instead of the old-skool meaning of a creative computer programmer; or that "gay" means homosexual instead of the older "colourful, flamboyant". But the world doesn't listen to my crying.'

(Is this a quasi-retweet?) --Dan Polansky (talk)
 * I'd like to see the polling data regarding that 99%. I take that back. I'd be satisfied with 50% plus one. --Kent Dominic (talk) 09:51, 6 December 2020 (UTC)

To phrase or no to phrase
Hi, Dan. This is a bit of a delayed reaction to something you mentioned in April. Yes, a machine can determine a phrase from a word given the spaces entailed in the text, but I don't think machines have yet figured out how to distinguish phrases according to lexical category. For instance: Do machines know the difference? True, most native English speakers can tell the difference within a given context without the need to know anything about the lexical categories. But many non-native English speakers would have difficulty interpreting this sentence absent some phrasal parsing: "Towering iron gates seen three blocks down the road marked the main entrance." I.e.: I have tons of students who would think "three" is a noun that's blocking something, or that the road marked the entrance.
 * We looked over the house. (phrasal verb)
 * We looked over the house. (prepositional phrase)
 * Let's jump in the taxi. (phrasal verb)
 * Let's jump in the taxi. (prepositional phrase)
 * Towering (adjectival participle)
 * gates (subject noun)
 * seen (elliptical past participle: "that were seen")
 * three blocks down the road (adverbial phrase entailing the locative noun phrase, "three blocks" and the prepositional phrase, "down the road")
 * marked (transitive verb)
 * the main entrance (noun phrase)

By extrapolation, my approach to lexicography entails labeling each phrase in its own right: noun phrase, verb phrase, adjectival phrase, adverbial phrase, and so on. I'm not on a stump to change others' approach. Rather, I made one edit here along those lines by force of habit, not meaning to linguistically evangelize. But, think about it: What if Wikipedia, in the same way that it requires Verb over Verb phrase, suddenly implemented a rule that required Noun instead of Prepositional phrase. It wouldn't change the way anyone speaks, but it would hamper the ability to learn the language, and the phrase, "take something for granted," would become a noun. It's like saying, "You can use any whole numbers from zero to nine, but you must not use fractions." Okie dokie. More thoughts on my approach: "Metaknowledge Re.transivity" --Kent Dominic (talk) 09:45, 6 December 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dan Polansky/2020


text:
விழா

Etymology
From the root, see.

Noun

 * 1) festival, celebration, occasion

title: விழா


text:
kalvoesitys

Noun

 * 1) slideshow

title: kalvoesitys


text:
điểm uốn

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  a

title: điểm uốn


text: Lekawski

title: Lekawski


text:
đánh võng

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1)  to swing a hammock
 * 2)  to

title: đánh võng


text:
Ch'iung-hai

Etymology
From  romanization: Chʻiung²-hai³.

title: Ch'iung-hai


text: Citations:Ch'iung-hai

title: Citations:Ch'iung-hai


text:
Alexandrovsk

Etymology
.

title: Alexandrovsk


text:
உற்சவம்

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) festival
 * 2) wedding
 * 1) wedding

title: உற்சவம்


text:
Olexandrivsk

Etymology
.

title: Olexandrivsk


text:
ունեզրկում

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  expropriation, deprivation of property

title: ունեզրկում


text:
விளம்பரம்

Etymology
Probably from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) advertisement
 * 2) proclamation, notice

title: விளம்பரம்


text: Template:RQ:it:Sonetti romaneschi

title: Template:RQ:it:Sonetti romaneschi


text:
роздавлювати

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to crush, to squash
 * 2)  to crush
 * 3)  to drink

title: роздавлювати


text:
தாண்டவம்

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) a form of dance
 * 2)  anger
 * 1)  anger

title: தாண்டவம்


text:
mekeni

Etymology
From a.

Interjection

 * 1) come here!

title: mekeni


text:
tronboi

Noun

 * 1) trombone

title: tronboi


text: yínglián

title: yínglián


text:
Stalinowski

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  Stalin's

title: Stalinowski


text:
小麥粉

Noun

 * 1) wheat flour

title: 小麥粉


text: xiǎomàifěn

title: xiǎomàifěn


text: Category:Kapampangan univerbations

title: Category:Kapampangan univerbations


text: Citations:Chou-k'ou-tien

title: Citations:Chou-k'ou-tien


text:
stalinizować

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to Stalinize

title: stalinizować


text:
kostka rosołowa

Etymology
lit. 'bouillon cube'.

Noun

 * 1) bouillon cube, stock cube

title: kostka rosołowa


text: Category:Northern regional Proto-Slavic

title: Category:Northern regional Proto-Slavic


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fīrijōn

Etymology
Borrowed from, and/or from related ,.

Verb

 * 1)  to rest, take a day off
 * 2)  to celebrate


text: Category:Eastern regional Proto-Slavic

title: Category:Eastern regional Proto-Slavic


text: Category:Southern regional Proto-Slavic

title: Category:Southern regional Proto-Slavic


text: Worleston

title: Worleston


text: Category:Eastern and southern regional Proto-Slavic


text:
кетеринг

Noun

 * 1) catering

title: кетеринг


text: Category:Western and southern regional Proto-Slavic


text: biklad

title: biklad


text:
截骨

Verb

 * 1)  to cut a bone

title: 截骨


text:
截骨術

Noun

 * 1)  osteotomy

title: 截骨術


text: 截骨术

title: 截骨术


text: jiégǔshù

title: jiégǔshù


text:
rosołowy

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  rosół

title: rosołowy


text:
Citations:Ch'in-chou

 * Backed by the thirteen Che-lung tribes, another group associated with Liang-chou, P'an-lo-chih's elevation to the leadership of Liu-ku probably resulted from the support of the Sung authorities in Ch'in-chou (modern T'ien-shui, Kansu), who may well have viewed him as a stronger deterrent to Li Chi-ch'ien than his predecessor had been.
 * Backed by the thirteen Che-lung tribes, another group associated with Liang-chou, P'an-lo-chih's elevation to the leadership of Liu-ku probably resulted from the support of the Sung authorities in Ch'in-chou (modern T'ien-shui, Kansu), who may well have viewed him as a stronger deterrent to Li Chi-ch'ien than his predecessor had been.
 * Backed by the thirteen Che-lung tribes, another group associated with Liang-chou, P'an-lo-chih's elevation to the leadership of Liu-ku probably resulted from the support of the Sung authorities in Ch'in-chou (modern T'ien-shui, Kansu), who may well have viewed him as a stronger deterrent to Li Chi-ch'ien than his predecessor had been.
 * Backed by the thirteen Che-lung tribes, another group associated with Liang-chou, P'an-lo-chih's elevation to the leadership of Liu-ku probably resulted from the support of the Sung authorities in Ch'in-chou (modern T'ien-shui, Kansu), who may well have viewed him as a stronger deterrent to Li Chi-ch'ien than his predecessor had been.

title: Citations:Ch'in-chou


text:
Stalińsk

Etymology
,.

title: Stalińsk


text: jiégǔ

title: jiégǔ


text:
do rosołu

Etymology
lit. 'to broth'.

Adverb

 * 1)   to nothing

title: do rosołu


text:
do naga

Etymology
lit. 'to nakedness'.

Adverb

 * 1)   to nothing

title: do naga


text: yǒngliú

title: yǒngliú


text: móumiàn

title: móumiàn


text: hòumā

title: hòumā


text: Hóumǎ

title: Hóumǎ


text:
ग़फ़लत

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) negligence; carelessness

title: ग़फ़लत


text: Category:Hmong Shua terms with IPA pronunciation


text: Category:Hmong Shua nouns

title: Category:Hmong Shua nouns


text: 邮迷

title: 邮迷


text:
郵迷

Noun

 * 1) stamp collector; philately enthusiast; philatelist

title: 郵迷


text: jíyóujiā

title: jíyóujiā


text: yóumí

title: yóumí


text: 祸福相依

title: 祸福相依


text:
禍福相依

Idiom

 * 1) fortune and misfortune are interdependent

title: 禍福相依


text:
ներկայ

Adjective

 * 1) present

title: ներկայ


text:
दभ्

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (an Iranian borrowing), 🇨🇬, and perhaps 🇨🇬.

Root

 * 1) to harm, injure, destroy
 * 2) to deceive, abandon

title: दभ्


text:
破句

Verb

 * 1) to break a sentence in the wrong place

title: 破句


text:
роздавити

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to crush, to squash
 * 2)  to crush
 * 3)  to drink

title: роздавити


text: pòjú

title: pòjú


text: pòjù

title: pòjù


text:
غفلت

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) negligence; carelessness

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) negligence; carelessness

title: غفلت


text:
fall in lust

Etymology
Probably formed after.

Verb

 * 1)  To develop a purely sexual attraction towards someone.

title: fall in lust


text:
Xin-ga-po

Adjective

 * 1) Singaporean

title: Xin-ga-po


text:
brukowy

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  cobblestone
 * 2)  cheap, shoddy, tacky

title: brukowy


text:
Hunkins

Etymology
Probably a variant of.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Hunkins is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Hunkins is most common among White (90.4%) individuals.

title: Hunkins


text:
людоїд

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) cannibal, man-eater
 * 2)  ogre

title: людоїд


text: Spitzendruckes

title: Spitzendruckes


text: Spitzendrucks

title: Spitzendrucks


text: frossaren

title: frossaren


text: frossarens

title: frossarens


text: frossarna

title: frossarna


text: frossarnas

title: frossarnas


text: frossares

title: frossares


text: Hunkinses

title: Hunkinses


text:
podzamcze

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the area around a castle

title: podzamcze


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ava/3 syllables

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ava/3 syllables


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ava

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/ava


text:
Hinsch

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Hinsch is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Hinsch is most common among White (95.86%) individuals.

title: Hinsch


text:
Hillin

Etymology
Variant of or.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Hillin is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Hillin is most common among White (94.16%) individuals.

title: Hillin


text: Zeitaufwandes

title: Zeitaufwandes


text: Zeitaufwands

title: Zeitaufwands


text:
दल्

Etymology
Traditionally derived from, and thus cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

However, Mayrhofer is skeptical of the above etymology, due to the root's lack of attestation in Vedic texts, and instead derives it from an l-form of.

Root

 * 1) to split, crack, crack open
 * 2) to burst

title: दल्


text: Hirotas

title: Hirotas


text: Hinsches

title: Hinsches


text: Hillins

title: Hillins


text: Category:iba:Countries in Africa

title: Category:iba:Countries in Africa


text: Category:iba:Countries

title: Category:iba:Countries


text: Category:iba:Polities

title: Category:iba:Polities


text: Category:iba:Places

title: Category:iba:Places


text: Citations:Qinyuan

title: Citations:Qinyuan


text: Category:iba:Names

title: Category:iba:Names


text: Category:Sanskrit terms belonging to the root दल्


text:
danse de salon

Noun

 * 1) ballroom dance

title: danse de salon


text:
sport de combat

Noun

 * 1) combat sport sport that involves man-to-man combat

title: sport de combat


text:
Lober

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Lober is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Lober is most common among White (96.05%) individuals.

title: Lober


text: Lobers

title: Lobers


text: Marchewkas

title: Marchewkas


text: Rhymes:Welsh/ava

title: Rhymes:Welsh/ava


text:
blurple

Noun

 * 1)  A bluish-purple colour that is more blue than violet.

title: blurple


text:
tetralogue

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) A discourse or colloquy involving four individuals.

title: tetralogue


text: tetralogues

title: tetralogues


text:
salle des fêtes

Noun

 * 1) A function hall, a reception hall, a banquet hall, a party hall.

title: salle des fêtes


text:
Lukose

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Lukose is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Lukose is most common among Asian/Pacific Islander (97.93%) individuals.

title: Lukose


text: pliske

title: pliske


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/2022/September 6


text:
Kiani

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Kiani is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Kiani is most common among White (56.87%) and Asian/Pacific Islander (29.57%) individuals.

title: Kiani


text:
podgrodzie

Etymology
From.

title: podgrodzie


text:
Alvaston

Usage notes
Not to be confused with, which is to the east in South Derbyshire.

title: Alvaston


text: Category:Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root غ ف ل


text: Category:Persian terms derived from the Arabic root غ ف ل


text: Lukoses

title: Lukoses


text: Kianis

title: Kianis


text: Category:Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root غ ض ب


text:
de père en fils

Adverb

 * 1) from father to son

title: de père en fils


text: Category:iba:Beverages

title: Category:iba:Beverages


text:
людоїдський

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) anthropophagous, cannibalistic, man-eating

title: людоїдський


text:
from father to son

Adverb

 * 1) Passed down from a father to his son.

Translations

 * Dutch: van vader op zoon
 * Finnish: isältä pojalle
 * French:
 * Italian: di padre in figlio
 * Polish: z ojca na syna
 * Spanish: de padre a hijo

title: from father to son


text:
Jorstad

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Jorstad is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Jorstad is most common among White (96.99%) individuals.

title: Jorstad


text: Jorstads

title: Jorstads


text: Category:iba:Countries in Asia

title: Category:iba:Countries in Asia


text:
de mère en fille

Adverb

 * 1) from mother to daughter

title: de mère en fille


text: Category:iba:Countries in Europe

title: Category:iba:Countries in Europe


text:
karmelek

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) butterscotch

title: karmelek


text:
molteplier

Etymology
Either from or a. Forms in mont- are possibly influenced by (from Latin ), but may be just dissimilatory.

Verb

 * 1)  to multiply; to increase in terms of numbers.

Descendants

 * Old
 * Old
 * Old
 * Old

title: molteplier


text:
Reagor

Etymology
Probably an Americanized form of or.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Reagor is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Reagor is most common among White (59.51%) and Black/African American (34.09%) individuals.

title: Reagor


text:
Elvaston

Usage notes
The Derbyshire village is not to be confused with, to the west in the City of Derby.

title: Elvaston


text:
青枝骨折

Noun

 * 1)  greenstick fracture

title: 青枝骨折


text:
bryggare

Noun

 * 1) brewer

title: bryggare


text:
Proa

Etymology
Borrowed from and ; this surname is predominantly found in Mexico.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Proa is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Proa is most common among Hispanic/Latino (88.51%) individuals.

title: Proa


text: bryggaren

title: bryggaren


text: bryggarens

title: bryggarens


text: bryggarna

title: bryggarna


text: bryggarnas

title: bryggarnas


text: bryggares

title: bryggares


text: Proas

title: Proas


text:
Chinyang

Proper noun

 * 1) Former county of South Korea in present-day Jinju

title: Chinyang


text: Category:iba:Continents

title: Category:iba:Continents


text: Reagors

title: Reagors


text: Citations:Chinyang

title: Citations:Chinyang


text:
McMillin

Etymology
Variant of.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, McMillin is the 6393rd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 5323 individuals. McMillin is most common among White (92.24%) individuals.

title: McMillin


text:
User:PhanAnh123/A voyage to Cochinchina

[https://archive.org/details/voyagetocochinch00barr/ A voyage to Cochinchina, in the years 1792 and 1793. To which is annexed an account of a journey made in the years 1801 and 1802, to the residence of the chief of the Booshuana nation]

"The Cochinchinese having effectually preserved the written characters of the Chinese language, we found no difficulty in communicating with them on all subjects, through this medium, by our Chinese priests. The spoken language, however, has undergone a very considerable change, which is the less surprizing, as the inhabitants of the northern and southern provinces of China are unintelligible to each other, but though it has been altered, it does not appear to have received any improvement, neither from additions of their own, nor from the introduction of foreign words. By a comparison of the short catalogue of Chinese words, which I have given in another work, with their synonyms in the Cochinchinese language, an idea may be collected how far the two spoken languages resemble or differ from each other."

Based on a dialect of Turon, i.e. Đà Nẵng, with the help of Chinese interpreters, which probably has something to do with why some words are listed with Sino-Vietnamese although there are native equivalents used in everyday language, as well as some words that look like straight-up Mandarin, not Sino-Vietnamese. Or maybe this is some kind of trade pidgin based on Vietnamese that arose from contact with Chinese merchants, that was mistaken to be Vietnamese proper, similar to how Yokohama Pidgin Japanese was referred to as simply “Yokohama Japanese”.

Some other words.

 * Preservation of the clusters,, ,
 * Possibly merger of all final nasals into
 * Lenition was operative in "rice" (or maybe not, there's no other ⟨g/gh⟩ initial word for comparison anyway), but unclear (not operative or lenition not marked) in "knife", "door", "oil".
 * Quite a lot of Mandarin, which suggests that it might actually be a trade pidgin.
 * A lot of Sino-Vietnamese as well.

title: User:PhanAnh123/A voyage to Cochinchina


text: Category:iba:Countries in North America

title: Category:iba:Countries in North America


text: Barrosos

title: Barrosos


text: McMillins

title: McMillins


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/avai̯s/3 syllables


text: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/avai̯s

title: Category:Rhymes:Welsh/avai̯s


text:
canloz

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) strategy; tactic

title: canloz


text: Rhymes:Welsh/avai̯s

title: Rhymes:Welsh/avai̯s


text:
石英鐘

Noun

 * 1) quartz clock

title: 石英鐘


text: 石英钟

title: 石英钟


text:
Rippenfraktur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  rib fracture

title: Rippenfraktur


text:
kolltuk

Etymology
From

Noun

 * 1) armchair

title: kolltuk


text: AIN

title: AIN


text: Nekimi

title: Nekimi


text:
կիրառական

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) applied

Noun

 * 1)  any of university faculties (departments) having the word "applied" in their name, especially the Faculty of Informatics and Applied Mathematics of the

title: կիրառական


text:
User:Ahmad Alezzy

Ahmad Alezzi مواليد 2000 ولد احمد العزي في الاردن ويبلغ من العمر 22 عاماً

title: User:Ahmad Alezzy


text: transkønnetheden

title: transkønnetheden


text:
Hämoglobingehalt

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  hemoglobin level, hemoglobin content

title: Hämoglobingehalt


text: Category:lo:Male family members

title: Category:lo:Male family members


text: Category:lo:Parents

title: Category:lo:Parents


text: Category:lo:Male people

title: Category:lo:Male people


text: Category:lo:Family members

title: Category:lo:Family members


text: Wiktionary:Foreign Word of the Day/2022/September 5


text: Category:lo:Male

title: Category:lo:Male


text: Category:lo:Gender

title: Category:lo:Gender


text: Category:lo:Female family members

title: Category:lo:Female family members


text: Category:lo:Female people

title: Category:lo:Female people


text: Category:lo:Female

title: Category:lo:Female


text:
Rekapillarisationszeit

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  capillary refill time

title: Rekapillarisationszeit


text:
Module:yue-IPA

export = {}

function export.yueIPA(frame) local params = { [1] = {},		[2] = {}, --this param is ignored ['audio'] = {}, ['a'] = { alias_of = 'audio' }, ['loc'] = {}, ['cx'] = {}, }	local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent.args, params) local yue_pron = require("Module:yue-pron") local m_a = require("Module:accent qualifier") local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA") local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("yue")

if args[2] then require("Module:debug").track("yue-IPA/multiple-args") end local rom = args[1] local audio = args.audio or '' local loc = args.loc or 'Guangzhou' local cx = args.cx or '' if audio ~= '' then audio = audio=='y' and 'yue-'..rom..'.ogg' or audio audio = [=[ end

return '* '..m_a.format_qualifiers(lang, {"Standard Cantonese", loc, cx})..[=[ ..audio end
 * Jyutping: ]=]..rom..[=[
 * Yale: ]=]..yue_pron.jyutping_to_yale(rom)..[=[
 * ]=]..m_IPA.format_IPA_full { lang = lang, items = }

return export

title: Module:yue-IPA


text: abaxiaux

title: abaxiaux


text: Silkin

title: Silkin


text:
Urinausscheidung

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  urine output

title: Urinausscheidung


text: Category:sv:Writing instruments

title: Category:sv:Writing instruments


text: Category:sv:Stationery

title: Category:sv:Stationery


text: Template:yue-IPA

title: Template:yue-IPA


text: intinas

title: intinas


text: 托𨳍

title: 托𨳍


text:
mätääntyä

Etymology
From.

title: mätääntyä


text:
Delir

Noun

 * 1)  delirium

title: Delir


text:
fayucu

Noun

 * 1) beechnut

title: fayucu


text:
Hilfestellung

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) assistance, support

title: Hilfestellung


text:
வைபவம்

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) celebration, occasion, ceremony

title: வைபவம்


text:
Darmgeräusche

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  bowel sound

title: Darmgeräusche


text:
halluus

Etymology
From. Akin to 🇨🇬.

Postposition

 * 1) in somebody's possession

title: halluus


text: Wiktionary:Word of the day/2022/December 11


text:
انضباط

Noun

 * 1) discipline
 * 1) discipline

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) discipline

Usage notes

 * The spellings with either or  are more common. This is due to the shift from /dˤ/ to /zˤ/ of the  Arabic root in certain dialects.

title: انضباط


text:
大頭利息

Noun

 * 1)  product of high profit

title: 大頭利息


text: 大头利息

title: 大头利息


text:
Flüssigkeitshaushalt

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  fluid balance

title: Flüssigkeitshaushalt


text:
rapistelu

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) rustling, act of making a rastling sound

title: rapistelu


text:
Hormonhaushalt

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  hormonal balance

title: Hormonhaushalt


text:
pelos de punta

Noun

 * 1)  goose bumps

title: pelos de punta


text: neslin

title: neslin


text:
tukari

Etymology
. Compare,.

Noun

 * 1)  law-abiding citizen
 * 1)  law-abiding citizen

title: tukari


text:
Gasaustausch

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  gas exchange

title: Gasaustausch


text: ceddin

title: ceddin


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/soliti

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to salt

Descendants
undefined
 * East Slavic:
 * South Slavic
 * West Slavic
 * Old Slovak:
 * South Slavic
 * West Slavic
 * Old Slovak:
 * West Slavic
 * Old Slovak:
 * West Slavic
 * Old Slovak:
 * Old Slovak:
 * Old Slovak:
 * Old Slovak:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/soliti


text:
اوكوز

Etymology
From ; cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, a Turkic borrowing.

Noun

 * 1) ox, an adult castrated bovine
 * 2) dull, slow-witted, stupid man
 * 3) pure, good-hearted, kind man
 * 1) pure, good-hearted, kind man

title: اوكوز


text:
傲價

Verb

 * 1)  to refuse to sell something on the first try to try to get a higher price offer

title: 傲價


text: 傲价

title: 傲价


text:
Vigrass

Etymology
From, itself from , a nickname for a strong and powerful man.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Vigrass is the 116829th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 149 individuals. Vigrass is most common among White (100.0%) individuals.

title: Vigrass


text: 打对折

title: 打对折


text:
打對折

Verb

 * 1)  to be 50% off; to sell or be sold for half price

title: 打對折


text:
Module:zh/data/Christian-syn/Melchizedek

local export = {}

export.list = { ["title"]				= "Melchizedek", ["type"]				= "", ["Protestant"]			= { "麥基洗德" }, ["Roman Catholic"]		= { "默基瑟德" }, ["Eastern Orthodox"]	= { "" }, ["Church of the East"]	= { "" }, }

return export


text:
底板價

Noun

 * 1) original price
 * 2) lowest price

title: 底板價


text: 底板价

title: 底板价


text:
Druckwandler

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) pressure transducer

title: Druckwandler


text:
muutossokeus

Noun

 * 1)  change blindness

title: muutossokeus


text:
Volumenreagibilität

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  fluid responsiveness

title: Volumenreagibilität


text:
Schlagvolumen

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  stroke volume

title: Schlagvolumen


text:
Herzzeitvolumen

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  cardiac output

title: Herzzeitvolumen