text:
Module:fax-IPA

--Adapted from Module:es-pronunc by User:Benwing2

--TODO --This code is adapted from Module:es-pronunc, which can output multiple dialectal pronounciations from a single spelling. This module will --return a single pronunciation per spelling in all cases, so there are parts of the code which can be simplified.

local export = {}

local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA") local m_table = require("Module:table") local audio_module = "Module:audio" local put_module = "Module:parse utilities"

local force_cat = false -- for testing

local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("fax")

local u = mw.ustring.char local rfind = mw.ustring.find local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub local rmatch = mw.ustring.match local rsplit = mw.text.split local ulower = mw.ustring.lower local uupper = mw.ustring.upper local usub = mw.ustring.sub local ulen = mw.ustring.len local unfd = mw.ustring.toNFD local unfc = mw.ustring.toNFC

local AC = u(0x0301) -- acute = ́ local GR = u(0x0300) -- grave = ̀ local CFLEX = u(0x0302) -- circumflex = ̂ local TILDE = u(0x0303) -- tilde = ̃ local DIA = u(0x0308) -- diaeresis = ̈

local SYLDIV = u(0xFFF0) -- used to represent a user-specific syllable divider (.) so we won't change it local vowel = "aeiouüAEIOUÜ" -- vowel; include y so we get single-word y correct and for syllabifying from spelling local V = "[" .. vowel .. "]" -- vowel class local accent = AC .. GR .. CFLEX local accent_c = "[" .. accent .. "]" local stress = AC .. GR local stress_c = "[" .. AC .. GR .. "]" local ipa_stress = "ˈˌ" local ipa_stress_c = "[" .. ipa_stress .. "]" local sylsep = "%-." .. SYLDIV -- hyphen included for syllabifying from spelling local sylsep_c = "[" .. sylsep .. "]" local wordsep = "# " local separator_not_wordsep = accent .. ipa_stress .. sylsep local separator = separator_not_wordsep .. wordsep local separator_c = "[" .. separator .. "]" local C = "[^" .. vowel .. separator .. "]" -- consonant class including h local C_NOT_H = "[^" .. vowel .. separator .. "h]" -- consonant class not including h local C_OR_WORDSEP = "[^" .. vowel .. separator_not_wordsep .. "]" -- consonant class including h, or word separator local T = "[^" .. vowel .. "lrɾjw" .. separator .. "]" -- obstruent or nasal

local unstressed_words = require("Module:table").listToSet({ --feel free to add more unstressed words	"o", "u", "us", "os", "a", "as", "da", "das", "do", "dos", "du", "dus", "no", "nos", "nu", "nus", "na", "nas", "un", -- articles and preposition+article contractions	"me", "mus", "nus", "te", "vus", "le", "se", "mo", "mu", "to", "tu",-- unstressed pronouns and contraction	"e", "i", "mais", "si", "que", -- conjunctions	"con", "cun", "de", "in", "en", "pa", --prepositions })

-- version of rsubn that discards all but the first return value local function rsub(term, foo, bar) local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval end

-- version of rsubn that returns a 2nd argument boolean indicating whether -- a substitution was made. local function rsubb(term, foo, bar) local retval, nsubs = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval, nsubs > 0 end

-- apply rsub repeatedly until no change local function rsub_repeatedly(term, foo, bar) while true do		local new_term = rsub(term, foo, bar) if new_term == term then return term end term = new_term end end

local function decompose(text) -- decompose everything but ñ and ü text = unfd(text) text = rsub(text, ".[" .. TILDE .. DIA .. "]", {		["n" .. TILDE] = "ñ",		["N" .. TILDE] = "Ñ",		["u" .. DIA] = "ü",		["U" .. DIA] = "Ü",	}) return text end

local function split_on_comma(term) if term:find(",%s") then return require(put_module).split_on_comma(term) else return rsplit(term, ",") end end

-- Remove any HTML from the formatted text and resolve links, since the extra characters don't contribute to the -- displayed length. local function convert_to_raw_text(text) text = rsub(text, "<.->", "") if text:find("%[%[") then text = require("Module:links").remove_links(text) end return text end

-- Return the approximate displayed length in characters. local function textual_len(text) return ulen(convert_to_raw_text(text)) end

-- Main syllable-division algorithm local function syllabify_from_spelling_or_pronun(text, is_spelling) -- Part 1: Divide before the last consonant in a cluster of consonants between vowels (but don't divide a VhV	-- sequence; prohibir should be prohi.bir). Then move the syllable division marker leftwards over clusters that -- can form onsets. text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*)(" .. C_NOT_H .. V .. ")", "%1.%2")	text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. "+)(" .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2")

-- NOTE: When run on pronun, we have already eliminated c and v, but not when run on spelling. -- When run on pronun, don't include r, which at this point represents the trill. local cluster_r = is_spelling and "rɾ" or "ɾ" -- Don't divide Cl or Cr where C is a stop or fricative, except for dl. text = rsub(text, "([pbfvkctgɡ])%.([l" .. cluster_r .. "])", ".%1%2")	text = text:gsub("d%.([" .. cluster_r .. "])", ".d%1") -- Don't divide ch, sh, ph, th, dh, fh, kh or gh. Do allow bh to be divided (subhumano, subhúmedo, etc.). text = rsub(text, "([csptdfkg])%.h", ".%1h") -- Don't divide rr. text = rsub(text, "r.r", ".rr")

-- Part 2: Divide hiatuses. text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeoAEO]" .. accent_c .. "*)(h?[aeo])", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeoAEO]" .. accent_c .. "*)(h?" .. V .. stress_c .. ")", "%1.%2")	text = rsub(text, "([iuüIUÜ]" .. stress_c .. ")(h?[aeoiu])", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([iuüIUÜ]" .. stress_c .. ")(h?" .. V .. stress_c .. ")", "%1.%2")	text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([iI]" .. accent_c .. "*)(h?i)", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([uU]" .. accent_c .. "*)(h?u)", "%1.%2")

return text end

local function syllabify_from_spelling(text) text = decompose(text) -- start at FFF1 because FFF0 is used for SYLDIV -- Temporary replacements for characters we want treated as default consonants. The C and related consonant regexes -- treat all unknown characters as consonants. local TEMP_I = u(0xFFF1) local TEMP_U = u(0xFFF2) local TEMP_QU = u(0xFFF4) local TEMP_QU_CAPS = u(0xFFF5) local TEMP_GU = u(0xFFF6) local TEMP_GU_CAPS = u(0xFFF7) local TEMP_H = u(0xFFF8) local TEMP_DX = u(0xFFF9) local TEMP_DX_CAPS = u(0xFFFA) local TEMP_LL = u(0xFFFB) local TEMP_LL_CAPS = u(0xFFFC) local TEMP_NH = u(0x0400) local TEMP_NH_CAPS = u(0x0401) local TEMP_SH = u(0x0402) local TEMP_SH_CAPS = u(0x0403) local TEMP_XH = u(0x0404) local TEMP_XH_CAPS = u(0x0405)

-- Change user-specified. into SYLDIV so we don't shuffle it around when dividing into syllables. text = rsub(text, "ii", "i" .. TEMP_I) text = rsub(text, "uu", "u" .. TEMP_U) text = rsub(text, "dx", TEMP_DX) text = rsub(text, "Dx", TEMP_DX_CAPS) text = rsub(text, "nh", TEMP_NH) text = rsub(text, "Nh", TEMP_NH_CAPS) text = rsub(text, "sh", TEMP_SH) text = rsub(text, "Sh", TEMP_SH_CAPS) text = rsub(text, "xh", TEMP_XH) text = rsub(text, "Xh", TEMP_XH_CAPS) text = rsub(text, "ll", TEMP_LL) text = rsub(text, "Ll", TEMP_LL_CAPS) text = text:gsub("%.", SYLDIV)

-- We don't want to break -sh- except in desh-, e.g. deshuesar, deshonra, deshecho. Normally, -sh- is -- automatically preserved, so we replace the h with a temporary symbol to avoid this. text = text:gsub("^([Dd]es)h", "%1" .. TEMP_H) text = text:gsub("([ %-][Dd]es)h", "%1" .. TEMP_H) -- qu mostly handled correctly automatically, but not in quietud text = rsub(text, "qu(" .. V .. ")", TEMP_QU .. "%1") text = rsub(text, "Qu(" .. V .. ")", TEMP_QU_CAPS .. "%1") text = rsub(text, "gu(" .. V .. ")", TEMP_GU .. "%1") text = rsub(text, "Gu(" .. V .. ")", TEMP_GU_CAPS .. "%1")

text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(.*" .. V .. accent_c .. "*)(h?)([iu])(" .. V .. ")",		function (v1, h, iu, v2) return v1 .. "." .. h .. vowel_to_glide[iu] .. v2 end	)

text = syllabify_from_spelling_or_pronun(text, "is spelling")

text = text:gsub(SYLDIV, ".") text = text:gsub(TEMP_I, "i") text = text:gsub(TEMP_U, "u") text = text:gsub(TEMP_QU, "qu") text = text:gsub(TEMP_QU_CAPS, "Qu") text = text:gsub(TEMP_GU, "gu") text = text:gsub(TEMP_GU_CAPS, "Gu") text = text:gsub(TEMP_H, "h") text = text:gsub(TEMP_DX, "dx") text = text:gsub(TEMP_DX_CAPS, "Dx") text = text:gsub(TEMP_SH, "sh") text = text:gsub(TEMP_SH_CAPS, "Sh") text = text:gsub(TEMP_XH, "xh") text = text:gsub(TEMP_XH_CAPS, "Xh") text = text:gsub(TEMP_NH, "nh") text = text:gsub(TEMP_NH_CAPS, "Nh") text = text:gsub(TEMP_LL, "ll") text = text:gsub(TEMP_LL_CAPS, "Ll") text = unfc(text) return text end

-- Generate the IPA of a given respelling function export.IPA(text) text = ulower(text or mw.title.getCurrentTitle.text) -- decompose everything but ñ and ü text = decompose(text) -- convert commas and en/en dashes to IPA foot boundaries text = rsub(text, "%s*[,–—]%s*", " | ") -- question mark or exclamation point in the middle of a sentence -> IPA foot boundary text = rsub(text, "([^%s])%s*[¡!¿?]%s*([^%s])", "%1 | %2")

-- canonicalize multiple spaces and remove leading and trailing spaces local function canon_spaces(text) text = rsub(text, "%s+", " ") text = rsub(text, "^ ", "") text = rsub(text, " $", "") return text end

text = canon_spaces(text)

-- Make prefixes unstressed unless they have an explicit stress marker; also make certain monosyllabic words unstressed local words = rsplit(text, " ") for i, word in ipairs(words) do		if rfind(word, "%-$") and not rfind(word, accent_c) or unstressed_words[word] then -- add CFLEX to the last vowel not the first one words[i] = rsub(word, "^(.*" .. V .. ")", "%1" .. CFLEX) end end text = table.concat(words, " ") -- Convert hyphens to spaces text = rsub(text, "%-", " ") text = rsub(text, "@", "-") -- canonicalize multiple spaces again, which may have been introduced by hyphens text = canon_spaces(text) -- now eliminate punctuation text = rsub(text, "[¡!¿?']", "") -- put # at word beginning and end and double ## at text/foot boundary beginning/end text = rsub(text, " | ", "# | #") text = "##" .. rsub(text, " ", "# #") .. "##"

--c, g, q	text = rsub(text, "c([ie])", "θ%1") text = rsub(text, "gü([ie])", "ɡw%1") text = rsub(text, "gu([ie])", "ɡ%1") -- special IPA g, not normal g	text = rsub(text, "g([ie])", "j%1") --  is pronounced as , to be handled later text = rsub(text, "ng([^aeiouüwhlr])", "n%1") -- Bangkok, ángstrom, branding text = rsub(text, "qu([ie])", "k%1") text = rsub(text, "z", "θ")

--digraphs text = rsub(text, "ch", "č") --not the real symbol text = rsub(text, "dx", "đ") --not the real symbol text = rsubb(text, "ll", "ʎ") text = rsubb(text, "nh", "ŋ") text = rsubb(text, "xh", "ʒ") text = rsubb(text, "sh", "z") text = rsub(text, "#ps", "#s") -- psicología text = rsub(text, "[cgjñrvxy]",			{ ["c"] = "k", ["g"] = "ɡ", ["j"] = "x", ["ñ"] = "ɲ", ["r"] = "ɾ", ["v"] = "b", ["x"] = "ʃ", ["y"] = "j"})

-- trill in #r, lr, nr, sr, rr	text = rsub(text, "ɾɾ", "r") text = rsub(text, "([#lns])ɾ", "%1r")

--assimilation of nasals and sibilants text = rsub(text, "n([# .]*[bpm])", "m%1") text = rsub(text, "n([# .]*[kɡ])", "ŋ%1") text = rsub(text, "s([# .]*[nml])", "z%1") --double uu and ii text = rsub(text, "uu" .. AC, "u.u" .. AC) text = rsub(text, "ii" .. AC, "i.i" .. AC) text = rsubb(text, "uu", "wu") text = rsubb(text, "ii", "ji")

-- convert i/u between vowels to glide local vowel_to_glide = { ["i"] = "j", ["u"] = "w" } text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(.*" .. V .. accent_c .. "*h?)([iu])(" .. V .. ")",		function (v1, iu, v2) return v1 .. vowel_to_glide[iu] .. v2 end	)

--syllable division text = syllabify_from_spelling_or_pronun(text, false)

--diphthongs text = rsub(text, "i([aeou])", "j%1") text = rsub(text, "u([aeio])", "w%1")

local accent_to_stress_mark = { [AC] = "ˈ", [GR] = "ˌ", [CFLEX] = "" }

local function accent_word(word, syllables) -- Now stress the word. If any accent exists in the word (including ^ indicating an unaccented word), -- put the stress mark(s) at the beginning of the indicated syllable(s). Otherwise, apply the default -- stress rule. if rfind(word, accent_c) then for i = 1, #syllables do syllables[i] = rsub(syllables[i], "^(.*)(" .. accent_c .. ")(.*)$",					function(pre, accent, post) return accent_to_stress_mark[accent] .. pre .. post end				) end else -- Default stress rule. Words without vowels (e.g. IPA foot boundaries) don't get stress. if #syllables > 1 and (rfind(word, "[^" .. vowel .. "ns#]#") or rfind(word, C .. "[ns]#")) or #syllables == 1 and rfind(word, V) then syllables[#syllables] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables] elseif #syllables > 1 and rfind(word, "[aeo][iu][ns#]") then syllables[#syllables] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables] elseif #syllables > 1 then syllables[#syllables - 1] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables - 1] end end end

local words = rsplit(text, " ") for j, word in ipairs(words) do		-- accentuation local syllables = rsplit(word, "%.")

if rfind(word, "men%.ti#") then local mente_syllables -- Words ends in -menti (converted above to ménti); add a stress to the preceding portion mente_syllables = {} mente_syllables[2] = table.remove(syllables) mente_syllables[1] = table.remove(syllables) accent_word(table.concat(syllables, "."), syllables) accent_word(table.concat(mente_syllables, "."), mente_syllables) table.insert(syllables, mente_syllables[1]) table.insert(syllables, mente_syllables[2]) else accent_word(word, syllables) end

-- Reconstruct the word and make all primary stresses but the last one be secondary words[j] = table.concat(syllables, ".") words[j] = rsub_repeatedly(words[j], "ˈ(.+)ˈ", "ˌ%1ˈ") end

text = table.concat(words, " ") text = rsub(text, "%-", "") -- suppress syllable mark before IPA stress indicator text = rsub(text, "%.(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")", "%1")

--final conversions text = rsub(text, "([aeou][i])", "%1̯") text = rsub(text, "([aeio][u])", "%1̯") local final_conversions = { ["h"] = "", ["č"] = "t͡ʃ", ["đ"] = "d͡ʒ", }	text = rsub(text, "[hčđ]", final_conversions) text = rsub(text, "#", "") text = unfc(text)

return {text = text} end

local function express_all_styles(dodialect) local ret = { pronun = {}, expressed_styles = {}, }

dodialect(ret)

table.insert(ret.expressed_styles, {			styles = ,		}) return ret end

local function format_all_styles(expressed_styles, format_style) for i, style_group in ipairs(expressed_styles) do		style_group.formatted, style_group.formatted_len = format_style(style_group.styles[1].tag, style_group.styles[1], i == 1) end local lines = {} for i, style_group in ipairs(expressed_styles) do		table.insert(lines, style_group.formatted) end return table.concat(lines, "\n") end

local function dodialect_pronun(args, ret) ret.pronun = {} for i, term in ipairs(args.terms) do		local phonemic if term.raw then phonemic = term.raw_phonemic else phonemic = export.IPA(term.term) phonemic = phonemic.text end local refs if not term.ref then refs = nil else refs = {} for _, refspec in ipairs(term.ref) do				local this_refs = require("Module:references").parse_references(refspec) for _, this_ref in ipairs(this_refs) do					table.insert(refs, this_ref) end end end

ret.pronun[i] = { raw = term.raw, phonemic = phonemic, refs = refs, q = term.q,			qq = term.qq, a = term.a,			aa = term.aa, }	end end

local function generate_pronun(args) local function this_dodialect_pronun(ret) dodialect_pronun(args, ret) end

local ret = express_all_styles(this_dodialect_pronun)

local function format_style(tag, expressed_style, is_first) local pronunciations = {} local formatted_pronuns = {}

local function ins(formatted_part) table.insert(formatted_pronuns, formatted_part) end

-- Loop through each pronunciation. for j, pronun in ipairs(expressed_style.pronun) do			-- Add tag to left qualifiers if first one -- FIXME: Consider using accent qualifier for the tag instead. local qs = pronun.q			if j == 1 and tag then if qs then qs = m_table.deepcopy(qs) table.insert(qs, tag) else qs = {tag} end end

local first_pronun = #pronunciations + 1

if not pronun.phonemic then error("Internal error: Saw neither phonemic nor phonetic pronunciation") end

if pronun.phonemic then local slash_pron = "/" .. pronun.phonemic:gsub("%.", "") .. "/"				table.insert(pronunciations, {					pron = slash_pron,				}) ins(slash_pron) end

local last_pronun = #pronunciations

if qs then pronunciations[first_pronun].q = qs			end if pronun.a then pronunciations[first_pronun].a = pronun.a			end if j > 1 then pronunciations[first_pronun].separator = ", " ins(", ") end if pronun.qq then pronunciations[last_pronun].qq = pronun.qq			end if pronun.aa then pronunciations[last_pronun].aa = pronun.aa			end if qs or pronun.qq or pronun.a or pronun.aa then -- Note: This inserts the actual formatted qualifier text, including HTML and such, but the later call -- to textual_len removes all HTML and reduces links. ins(require("Module:pron qualifier").format_qualifiers {					lang = lang,					text = "",					q = qs,					qq = pronun.qq,					a = pronun.a,					aa = pronun.aa,				}) end

if pronun.refs then pronunciations[last_pronun].refs = pronun.refs -- Approximate the reference using a footnote notation. This will be slightly inaccurate if there are -- more than nine references but that is rare. ins(string.rep("[1]", #pronun.refs)) end if first_pronun ~= last_pronun then pronunciations[last_pronun].separator = " " ins(" ") end end

local bullet = string.rep("*", args.bullets) .. " "		-- Here we construct the formatted line in `formatted`, and also try to construct the equivalent without HTML -- and wiki markup in `formatted_for_len`, so we can compute the approximate textual length for use in sizing -- the toggle box with the "more" button on the right. local pre = is_first and args.pre and args.pre .. " " or "" local post = is_first and args.post and " " .. args.post or "" local formatted = bullet .. pre .. m_IPA.format_IPA_full { lang = lang, items = pronunciations, separator = "" } .. post local formatted_for_len = bullet .. pre .. "IPA(key): " .. table.concat(formatted_pronuns) .. post return formatted, textual_len(formatted_for_len) end

ret.text = format_all_styles(ret.expressed_styles, format_style)

return ret end

local function parse_respelling(respelling, pagename, parse_err) local raw_respelling = respelling:match("^raw:(.*)$") if raw_respelling then local raw_phonemic = raw_respelling:match("^/(.*)/ %[(.*)%]$") if not raw_phonemic then raw_phonemic = raw_respelling:match("^/(.*)/$") end if not raw_phonemic then parse_err(("Unable to parse raw respelling '%s', should be one of /.../, [...] or /.../ [...]")				:format(raw_respelling)) end return { raw = true, raw_phonemic = raw_phonemic, }	end if respelling == "+" then respelling = pagename end return {term = respelling} end

-- Return the number of syllables of a phonemic representation, which should have syllable dividers in it but no hyphens. local function get_num_syl_from_phonemic(phonemic) -- Maybe we should just count vowels instead of the below code. phonemic = rsub(phonemic, "|", " ") -- remove IPA foot boundaries local words = rsplit(phonemic, " +") for i, word in ipairs(words) do -- IPA stress marks are syllable divisions if between characters; otherwise just remove. word = rsub(word, "(.)[ˌˈ](.)", "%1.%2") word = rsub(word, "[ˌˈ]", "") words[i] = word end -- There should be a syllable boundary between words. phonemic = table.concat(words, ".") return ulen(rsub(phonemic, "[^.]", "")) + 1 end

-- Get the rhyme by truncating everything up through the last stress mark + any following consonants, and remove -- syllable boundary markers. local function convert_phonemic_to_rhyme(phonemic) -- NOTE: This works because the phonemic vowels are just [aeiou] possibly with diacritics that are separate -- Unicode chars. If we want to handle things like ɛ or ɔ we need to add them to `vowel`. return rsub(rsub(phonemic, ".*[ˌˈ]", ""), "^[^" .. vowel .. "]*", ""):gsub("%.", ""):gsub("t͡ʃ", "tʃ"):gsub("d͡ʒ", "dʒ") end

local function split_syllabified_spelling(spelling) return rsplit(spelling, "%.") end

-- "Align" syllabification to original spelling by matching character-by-character, allowing for extra syllable and -- accent markers in the syllabification. If we encounter an extra syllable marker (.), we allow and keep it. If we -- encounter an extra accent marker in the syllabification, we drop it. In any other case, we return nil indicating -- the alignment failed. local function align_syllabification_to_spelling(syllab, spelling) local result = {} local syll_chars = rsplit(decompose(syllab), "") local spelling_chars = rsplit(decompose(spelling), "") local i = 1 local j = 1 while i <= #syll_chars or j <= #spelling_chars do		local ci = syll_chars[i] local cj = spelling_chars[j] if ci == cj then table.insert(result, ci) i = i + 1 j = j + 1 elseif ci == "." then table.insert(result, ci) i = i + 1 elseif ci == AC or ci == GR or ci == CFLEX then -- skip character i = i + 1 else -- non-matching character return nil end end if i <= #syll_chars or j <= #spelling_chars then -- left-over characters on one side or the other return nil end return unfc(table.concat(result)) end

local function generate_hyph_obj(term) return {syllabification = term, hyph = split_syllabified_spelling(term)} end

-- Word should already be decomposed. local function word_has_vowels(word) return rfind(word, V) end

local function all_words_have_vowels(term) local words = rsplit(decompose(term), "[ %-]") for i, word in ipairs(words) do -- Allow empty word; this occurs with prefixes and suffixes. if word ~= "" and not word_has_vowels(word) then return false end end return true end

local function should_generate_rhyme_from_respelling(term) local words = rsplit(decompose(term), " +") return #words == 1 and -- no if multiple words not words[1]:find(".%-.") and -- no if word is composed of hyphenated parts (e.g. Austria-Hungría) not words[1]:find("%-$") and -- no if word is a prefix not (words[1]:find("^%-") and words[1]:find(CFLEX)) and -- no if word is an unstressed suffix word_has_vowels(words[1]) -- no if word has no vowels (e.g. a single letter) end

local function should_generate_rhyme_from_ipa(ipa) return not ipa:find("%s") and word_has_vowels(decompose(ipa)) end

local function dodialect_specified_rhymes(rhymes, hyphs, parsed_respellings, rhyme_ret) rhyme_ret.pronun = {} for _, rhyme in ipairs(rhymes) do		local num_syl = rhyme.num_syl local no_num_syl = false

-- If user explicitly gave the rhyme but didn't explicitly specify the number of syllables, try to take it from -- the hyphenation. if not num_syl then num_syl = {} for _, hyph in ipairs(hyphs) do				if should_generate_rhyme_from_respelling(hyph.syllabification) then local this_num_syl = 1 + ulen(rsub(hyph.syllabification, "[^.]", "")) m_table.insertIfNot(num_syl, this_num_syl) else no_num_syl = true break end end if no_num_syl or #num_syl == 0 then num_syl = nil end end

-- If that fails and term is single-word, try to take it from the phonemic. if not no_num_syl and not num_syl then for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do				for dialect, pronun in pairs(parsed.pronun.pronun) do -- Check that pronun.phonemic exists (it may not if raw phonetic-only pronun is given). if pronun.phonemic then if not should_generate_rhyme_from_ipa(pronun.phonemic) then no_num_syl = true break end -- Count number of syllables by looking at syllable boundaries (including stress marks). local this_num_syl = get_num_syl_from_phonemic(pronun.phonemic) m_table.insertIfNot(num_syl, this_num_syl) end end if no_num_syl then break end end if no_num_syl or #num_syl == 0 then num_syl = nil end end

table.insert(rhyme_ret.pronun, {			rhyme = rhyme.rhyme,			num_syl = num_syl,			qualifiers = rhyme.qualifiers,		}) end end

local function parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_obj, param_mods, no_split_on_comma) local retval = {}

if arg:find("<") then local insert = { store = "insert" } param_mods.q = insert param_mods.qq = insert param_mods.a = insert param_mods.aa = insert return require(put_module).parse_inline_modifiers(arg, {			param_mods = param_mods,			generate_obj = generate_obj,			parse_err = parse_err,			splitchar = not no_split_on_comma and "," or nil,		}) elseif no_split_on_comma then table.insert(retval, generate_obj(arg)) else for _, term in ipairs(split_on_comma(arg)) do			table.insert(retval, generate_obj(term)) end end

return retval end

local function parse_rhyme(arg, parse_err) local function generate_obj(term) return {rhyme = term} end local param_mods = { s = { item_dest = "num_syl", convert = function(arg, parse_err) local nsyls = rsplit(arg, ",") for i, nsyl in ipairs(nsyls) do					if not nsyl:find("^[0-9]+$") then parse_err("Number of syllables '" .. nsyl .. "' should be numeric") end nsyls[i] = tonumber(nsyl) end return nsyls end, },	}

return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_obj, param_mods) end

local function parse_hyph(arg, parse_err) -- None other than qualifiers local param_mods = {}

return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_hyph_obj, param_mods) end

local function parse_homophone(arg, parse_err) local function generate_obj(term) return {term = term} end local param_mods = { t = { -- We need to store the  inline modifier into the "gloss" key of the parsed term, -- because that is what Module:links (called from Module:homophones) expects. item_dest = "gloss", },		gloss = {}, pos = {}, alt = {}, lit = {}, id = {}, g = { -- We need to store the  inline modifier into the "genders" key of the parsed term, -- because that is what Module:links (called from Module:homophones) expects. item_dest = "genders", convert = function(arg) return rsplit(arg, ",") end, },	}

return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_obj, param_mods) end

local function generate_audio_obj(arg) local file, gloss if arg:find("#") then file, gloss = arg:match("^(.-)%s*#%s*(.*)$") else file, gloss = arg:match("^(.-)%s*;%s*(.*)$") end if not file then file = arg gloss = "Audio" end return {file = file, gloss = gloss} end

local function parse_audio(arg, parse_err) -- None other than qualifiers local param_mods = {}

-- Don't split on comma because some filenames have embedded commas not followed by a space -- (typically followed by an underscore). return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_audio_obj, param_mods, "no split on comma") end

-- External entry point for. function export.show_pr(frame) local params = { [1] = {list = true}, ["rhyme"] = {}, ["hyph"] = {}, ["hmp"] = {}, ["audio"] = {list = true}, ["pagename"] = {}, }	local parargs = frame:getParent.args local args = require("Module:parameters").process(parargs, params) local pagename = args.pagename or mw.title.getCurrentTitle.subpageText

-- Parse the arguments. local respellings = #args[1] > 0 and args[1] or {"+"} local parsed_respellings = {} local function overall_parse_err(msg, arg, val) error(msg .. ": " .. arg .. "= " .. val) end local overall_rhyme = args.rhyme and parse_rhyme(args.rhyme, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "rhyme", args.rhyme) end) or nil local overall_hyph = args.hyph and parse_hyph(args.hyph, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "hyph", args.hyph) end) or nil local overall_hmp = args.hmp and parse_homophone(args.hmp, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "hmp", args.hmp) end) or nil local overall_audio if args.audio then overall_audio = {} for _, audio in ipairs(args.audio) do			local parsed_audio = parse_audio(audio, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "audio", audio) end) if #parsed_audio > 1 then error("Internal error: Saw more than one object returned from parse_audio") end table.insert(overall_audio, parsed_audio[1]) end end for i, respelling in ipairs(respellings) do		if respelling:find("<") then local param_mods = { pre = { overall = true }, post = { overall = true }, bullets = { overall = true, convert = function(arg, parse_err) if not arg:find("^[0-9]+$") then parse_err("Modifier 'bullets' should have a number as argument, but saw '" .. arg .. "'") end return tonumber(arg) end, },				rhyme = { overall = true, store = "insert-flattened", convert = parse_rhyme, },				hyph = { overall = true, store = "insert-flattened", convert = parse_hyph, },				hmp = { overall = true, store = "insert-flattened", convert = parse_homophone, },				audio = { overall = true, store = "insert-flattened", convert = parse_audio, },				ref = { store = "insert" }, q = { store = "insert" }, qq = { store = "insert" }, a = { store = "insert" }, aa = { store = "insert" }, }

local parsed = require(put_module).parse_inline_modifiers(respelling, {				paramname = i,				param_mods = param_mods,				generate_obj = function(term, parse_err)					return parse_respelling(term, pagename, parse_err)				end,				splitchar = ",",				outer_container = {					audio = {}, rhyme = {}, hyph = {}, hmp = {}				}			}) if not parsed.bullets then parsed.bullets = 1 end table.insert(parsed_respellings, parsed) else local termobjs = {} local function parse_err(msg) error(msg .. ": " .. i .. "= " .. respelling) end for _, term in ipairs(split_on_comma(respelling)) do				table.insert(termobjs, parse_respelling(term, pagename, parse_err)) end table.insert(parsed_respellings, {				terms = termobjs,				audio = {},				rhyme = {},				hyph = {},				hmp = {},				bullets = 1,			}) end end

if overall_hyph then local hyphs = {} for _, hyph in ipairs(overall_hyph) do			if hyph.syllabification == "+" then hyph.syllabification = syllabify_from_spelling(pagename) hyph.hyph = split_syllabified_spelling(hyph.syllabification) elseif hyph.syllabification == "-" then overall_hyph = {} break end end end

-- Loop over individual respellings, processing each. for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do		parsed.pronun = generate_pronun(parsed) local no_auto_rhyme = false for _, term in ipairs(parsed.terms) do			if term.raw then if not should_generate_rhyme_from_ipa(term.raw_phonemic) then no_auto_rhyme = true break end elseif not should_generate_rhyme_from_respelling(term.term) then no_auto_rhyme = true break end end

if #parsed.hyph == 0 then if not overall_hyph and all_words_have_vowels(pagename) then for _, term in ipairs(parsed.terms) do					if not term.raw then local syllabification = syllabify_from_spelling(term.term) local aligned_syll = align_syllabification_to_spelling(syllabification, pagename) if aligned_syll then m_table.insertIfNot(parsed.hyph, generate_hyph_obj(aligned_syll)) end end end end else for _, hyph in ipairs(parsed.hyph) do				if hyph.syllabification == "+" then hyph.syllabification = syllabify_from_spelling(pagename) hyph.hyph = split_syllabified_spelling(hyph.syllabification) elseif hyph.syllabification == "-" then parsed.hyph = {} break end end end

-- Generate the rhymes. local function dodialect_rhymes_from_pronun(rhyme_ret) rhyme_ret.pronun = {} for _, pronun in ipairs(parsed.pronun.pronun) do				-- We should have already excluded multiword terms and terms without vowels from rhyme generation (see				-- `no_auto_rhyme` below). But make sure to check that pronun.phonemic exists (it may not if raw				-- phonetic-only pronun is given). if pronun.phonemic then -- Count number of syllables by looking at syllable boundaries (including stress marks). local num_syl = get_num_syl_from_phonemic(pronun.phonemic) -- Get the rhyme by truncating everything up through the last stress mark + any following -- consonants, and remove syllable boundary markers. local rhyme = convert_phonemic_to_rhyme(pronun.phonemic) local saw_already = false for _, existing in ipairs(rhyme_ret.pronun) do						if existing.rhyme == rhyme then saw_already = true -- We already saw this rhyme but possibly with a different number of syllables, -- e.g. if the user specified two pronunciations 'biología' (4 syllables) and -- 'bi.ología' (5 syllables), both of which have the same rhyme /ia/. m_table.insertIfNot(existing.num_syl, num_syl) break end end if not saw_already then table.insert(rhyme_ret.pronun, {							rhyme = rhyme,							num_syl = {num_syl},						}) end end end end

if #parsed.rhyme == 0 then if overall_rhyme or no_auto_rhyme then parsed.rhyme = nil else parsed.rhyme = express_all_styles(dodialect_rhymes_from_pronun) end else local no_rhyme = false for _, rhyme in ipairs(parsed.rhyme) do				if rhyme.rhyme == "-" then no_rhyme = true break end end if no_rhyme then parsed.rhyme = nil else local function this_dodialect(rhyme_ret, dialect) return dodialect_specified_rhymes(parsed.rhyme, parsed.hyph, {parsed}, rhyme_ret) end parsed.rhyme = express_all_styles(this_dodialect) end end end

if overall_rhyme then local no_overall_rhyme = false for _, orhyme in ipairs(overall_rhyme) do			if orhyme.rhyme == "-" then no_overall_rhyme = true break end end if no_overall_rhyme then overall_rhyme = nil else local all_hyphs if overall_hyph then all_hyphs = overall_hyph else all_hyphs = {} for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do					for _, hyph in ipairs(parsed.hyph) do						m_table.insertIfNot(all_hyphs, hyph) end end end local function dodialect_overall_rhyme(rhyme_ret, dialect) return dodialect_specified_rhymes(overall_rhyme, all_hyphs, parsed_respellings, rhyme_ret) end overall_rhyme = express_all_styles(dodialect_overall_rhyme) end end

-- If all sets of pronunciations have the same rhymes, display them only once at the bottom. -- Otherwise, display rhymes beneath each set, indented. local first_rhyme_ret local all_rhyme_sets_eq = true for j, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do		if j == 1 then first_rhyme_ret = parsed.rhyme elseif not m_table.deepEquals(first_rhyme_ret, parsed.rhyme) then all_rhyme_sets_eq = false break end end

local function format_rhyme(rhyme_ret, num_bullets) local function format_rhyme_style(tag, expressed_style, is_first) local pronunciations = {} local rhymes = {} for _, pronun in ipairs(expressed_style.pronun) do				table.insert(rhymes, pronun) end local data = { lang = lang, rhymes = rhymes, qualifiers = tag and {tag} or nil, force_cat = force_cat, }			local bullet = string.rep("*", num_bullets) .. " "			local formatted = bullet .. require("Module:rhymes").format_rhymes(data) local formatted_for_len_parts = {} table.insert(formatted_for_len_parts, bullet .. "Rhymes: " .. (tag and "(" .. tag .. ") " or "")) for j, pronun in ipairs(expressed_style.pronun) do				if j > 1 then table.insert(formatted_for_len_parts, ", ") end if pronun.qualifiers then table.insert(formatted_for_len_parts, "(" .. table.concat(pronun.qualifiers, ", ") .. ") ")				end table.insert(formatted_for_len_parts, "-" .. pronun.rhyme) end return formatted, textual_len(table.concat(formatted_for_len_parts)) end

return format_all_styles(rhyme_ret.expressed_styles, format_rhyme_style) end

-- If all sets of pronunciations have the same hyphenations, display them only once at the bottom. -- Otherwise, display hyphenations beneath each set, indented. local first_hyphs local all_hyph_sets_eq = true for j, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do		if j == 1 then first_hyphs = parsed.hyph elseif not m_table.deepEquals(first_hyphs, parsed.hyph) then all_hyph_sets_eq = false break end end

local function format_hyphenations(hyphs, num_bullets) local hyphtext = require("Module:hyphenation").format_hyphenations { lang = lang, hyphs = hyphs, caption = "Syllabification" } return string.rep("*", num_bullets) .. " " .. hyphtext end

-- If all sets of pronunciations have the same homophones, display them only once at the bottom. -- Otherwise, display homophones beneath each set, indented. local first_hmps local all_hmp_sets_eq = true for j, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do		if j == 1 then first_hmps = parsed.hmp elseif not m_table.deepEquals(first_hmps, parsed.hmp) then all_hmp_sets_eq = false break end end

local function format_homophones(hmps, num_bullets) local hmptext = require("Module:homophones").format_homophones { lang = lang, homophones = hmps } return string.rep("*", num_bullets) .. " " .. hmptext end

local function format_audio(audios, num_bullets) local ret = {} for i, audio in ipairs(audios) do			local text = require(audio_module).format_audio { lang = lang, file = audio.file, caption = audio.gloss, q = audio.q,				qq = audio.qq, a = audio.a,				aa = audio.aa, }			table.insert(ret, string.rep("*", num_bullets) .. " " .. text) end return table.concat(ret, "\n") end

local textparts = {} local min_num_bullets = 9999 for j, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do		if parsed.bullets < min_num_bullets then min_num_bullets = parsed.bullets end if j > 1 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") end table.insert(textparts, parsed.pronun.text) if #parsed.audio > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") -- If only one pronunciation set, add the audio with the same number of bullets, otherwise -- indent audio by one more bullet. table.insert(textparts, format_audio(parsed.audio, #parsed_respellings == 1 and parsed.bullets or parsed.bullets + 1)) end if not all_rhyme_sets_eq and parsed.rhyme then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_rhyme(parsed.rhyme, parsed.bullets + 1)) end if not all_hyph_sets_eq and #parsed.hyph > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_hyphenations(parsed.hyph, parsed.bullets + 1)) end if not all_hmp_sets_eq and #parsed.hmp > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_homophones(parsed.hmp, parsed.bullets + 1)) end end if overall_audio and #overall_audio > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_audio(overall_audio, min_num_bullets)) end if all_rhyme_sets_eq and first_rhyme_ret then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_rhyme(first_rhyme_ret, min_num_bullets)) end if overall_rhyme then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_rhyme(overall_rhyme, min_num_bullets)) end if all_hyph_sets_eq and #first_hyphs > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_hyphenations(first_hyphs, min_num_bullets)) end if overall_hyph and #overall_hyph > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_hyphenations(overall_hyph, min_num_bullets)) end if all_hmp_sets_eq and #first_hmps > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_homophones(first_hmps, min_num_bullets)) end if overall_hmp and #overall_hmp > 0 then table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_homophones(overall_hmp, min_num_bullets)) end

return table.concat(textparts) end

-- External entry point for. function export.show(frame) local params = { [1] = {},		["pre"] = {}, ["post"] = {}, ["ref"] = {}, ["style"] = {}, ["bullets"] = {type = "number", default = 1}, }	local parargs = frame:getParent.args local args = require("Module:parameters").process(parargs, params) local text = args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle.text args.terms = local ret = generate_pronun(args) return ret.text end

return export

title: Module:fax-IPA


text: micro-poem

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: micro-poem


title: User:Santi2222/fax-IPA


text:
вигадати

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to come up with, to contrive, to devise, to invent, to think up
 * 2) to concoct, to fabricate, to make up
 * 1) to concoct, to fabricate, to make up

Verb

 * 1)  to gain

title: вигадати


text:
bulletproofness

Noun

 * 1) The quality of being bulletproof.

title: bulletproofness


text: micro-poems

title: micro-poems


text: Whiteland

title: Whiteland


text:
藏品

Noun

 * 1) object of value

title: 藏品


text: cángpǐn

title: cángpǐn


text: 别去

title: 别去


text:
別去

Verb

 * 1)  to depart

title: 別去


text: 藏书票

title: 藏书票


text:
藏書票

Noun

 * 1) book-collector's stamp

title: 藏書票


text: cángshūpiào

title: cángshūpiào


text: cángtóulùwěi

title: cángtóulùwěi


text: cángyē

title: cángyē


text:
cyclothemic

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to cyclothems.
 * The formation consists of cyclothemic sequences of coal, shale, limestone, sandstone, and clay.

title: cyclothemic


text: gāzhiwō

title: gāzhiwō


text: gēzhiwō

title: gēzhiwō


text: cángzhuó

title: cángzhuó


text:
열무

Etymology
Sound change from.

Noun

 * 1) young summer radish

title: 열무


text: cángzōng

title: cángzōng


text: Reb A

title: Reb A


text:
doom loop

Etymology
In the finance sense described by and Piergiorgio Alessandri in 2009.

Noun

 * 1) A death spiral or adverse feedback loop.
 * 2)  A feedback loop that can occur when banks hold government bonds and governments with weak public finances bail out such banks.
 * 1)  A feedback loop that can occur when banks hold government bonds and governments with weak public finances bail out such banks.
 * 1)  A feedback loop that can occur when banks hold government bonds and governments with weak public finances bail out such banks.

title: doom loop


text: cāodāo

title: cāodāo


text: LDI

title: LDI


text: 草垫

title: 草垫


text:
草墊

Noun

 * 1) straw mat

title: 草墊


text: cǎodiàn

title: cǎodiàn


text: LDIs

title: LDIs


text: cāodiǎn

title: cāodiǎn


text: panel show

title: panel show


text: panel shows

title: panel shows


text: white lands

title: white lands


text:
操切

Adjective

 * 1)  rash

title: 操切


text: cāoqiè

title: cāoqiè


text: doom loops

title: doom loops


text:
повістка

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) notice
 * 2)  subpoena, summons, writ
 * 3)  call-up papers, draft papers
 * 4)  warning signal
 * 1)  warning signal

title: повістка


text:
Talk:武漢千年古塔

RFD discussion: August–September 2022
Chinese. SoP. RcAlex36 (talk) 02:13, 9 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Delete. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 14:35, 16 August 2022 (UTC)

 * RFD deleted. — justin(r)leung { (t...) 06:20, 20 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:武漢千年古塔


text:
操琴

Verb

 * 1)  to play certain musical instruments that can be described as, such as some stringed instruments (guzheng, guqin, etc.), or a keyboard instrument (piano, electric piano, accordion, pipe organ, etc.)

Usage notes
more commonly refers to playing the huqin (especially the jinghu), while could refer to playing any kind of "qin" (i.e., string instrument).

title: 操琴


text: cāoqín

title: cāoqín


text: jǐnghuī

title: jǐnghuī


text: jīnghū

title: jīnghū


text: jīnghú

title: jīnghú


text: sovereign bond

title: sovereign bond


text:
light entertainment

Noun

 * 1)  Radio and television programming that includes comedies, variety shows, game shows, quiz shows, etc.

title: light entertainment


text: cāoshén

title: cāoshén


text: cāozhīguòjí

title: cāozhīguòjí


text: 漕粮

title: 漕粮


text:
漕糧

Noun

 * 1) grain transported by water

title: 漕糧


text: cāoliáng

title: cāoliáng


text: cáoliáng

title: cáoliáng


text: TBTF

title: TBTF


text: cáobáiyú

title: cáobáiyú


text: Category:Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tḱen-


text:
𝆩

Symbol

 * 1)  Used after a pitch class to denote a half-diminished seventh chord with a note of said pitch as its root.
 * 2)  niente, a dynamic marker representing total silence


text:
漕渡

Verb

 * 1) to cross a river by boat or raft

title: 漕渡


text: cáodù

title: cáodù


text:
Stiedchen

Noun

 * : a townlet, small town

title: Stiedchen


text: cāoduò

title: cāoduò


text:
漕河

Noun

 * 1)  waterway for transporting grain

title: 漕河


text: cáohé

title: cáohé


text: T'aitung

title: T'aitung


text: Citations:T'aitung

title: Citations:T'aitung


text: possibiltà

title: possibiltà


text: possibbilità

title: possibbilità


text: possibbiltà

title: possibbiltà


text:
ploughman's sandwich

Noun

 * 1)  A sandwich based on the ploughman's lunch, with fillings including cheese and pickle.

title: ploughman's sandwich


text: ploughman's sandwiches

title: ploughman's sandwiches


text: quitaos

title: quitaos


text: téngalo

title: téngalo


text: aguárdate

title: aguárdate


text: miradla

title: miradla


text: impossibiltà

title: impossibiltà


text: figuraos

title: figuraos


text: dallimet

title: dallimet


text: impossibbilità

title: impossibbilità


text: impossibbiltà

title: impossibbiltà


text:
Coug it

Etymology
In reference to the, whose football team has a reputation for losing games after an initial lead.

Verb

 * 1)  To fail; to blow it, often by making a mistake at the last moment.

title: Coug it


text: possibbilment

title: possibbilment


text: xīnniàn

title: xīnniàn


text: flesh-crawling

title: flesh-crawling


text:
impossibilment

Etymology
..

Adverb

 * 1) impossibly

title: impossibilment


text:
skin-crawling

Adjective

 * 1) Horrifying or nauseating, so as to cause a creeping sensation in a person's skin.

title: skin-crawling


text:
bissibli

Etymology
.

title: bissibli


text:
chimney balloon

Noun

 * 1) An inflatable draught excluder for a chimney.

title: chimney balloon


text: chimney balloons

title: chimney balloons


text:
Buergermeeschter

Etymology
From (as originally throughout 🇨🇬). The second -r- perhaps added after, from the Middle High German variant.

Noun

 * 1) mayor (of a town, city)

title: Buergermeeschter


text:
degenerative disc disease

Noun

 * 1)  A medical condition typically associated with normal aging, and characterized by anatomic changes and possibly a loss of function of one or more intervertebral discs of the spine.

title: degenerative disc disease


text:
여파

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) aftermath, aftereffect

Etymology 2
.

title: 여파


text: joynters

title: joynters


text:
posponiment

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) postponement

title: posponiment


text:
Nagling

Noun

 * 1)  The use of Nagle's algorithm.

title: Nagling


text:
ppospona

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to postpone

title: ppospona


text: 蔽贤

title: 蔽贤


text:
蔽賢

Verb

 * 1)  to keep worthy persons in obscurity

title: 蔽賢


text:
okayer

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1) One who OKs something; an approver.

title: okayer


text: 散财

title: 散财


text: sàncái

title: sàncái


text:
plumpage

Noun

 * 1) Plumping.

title: plumpage


text: Citations:plumpage

title: Citations:plumpage


text:
pejjez

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to chirp

title: pejjez


text: unrolleth

title: unrolleth


text: Category:Fala modules

title: Category:Fala modules


text:
pezpez

Verb

 * : to chirp

title: pezpez


text:
subchairman

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate chairman.

title: subchairman


text: subchairmen

title: subchairmen


text: Category:Fala templates

title: Category:Fala templates


text:
통통하다

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) short and fat
 * 2) swollen, plump, chubby, round
 * 1) swollen, plump, chubby, round

title: 통통하다


text:
perċaħ

Verb

 * 1)  to be weakened, to lose one's energy
 * 2)  to weaken

title: perċaħ


text:
subconservator

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate conservator.

title: subconservator


text: subconservators

title: subconservators


text: tperċaħ

title: tperċaħ


text: tperċiħ

title: tperċiħ


text: subclover

title: subclover


text: subclovers

title: subclovers


text: sub clover

title: sub clover


text: sub clovers

title: sub clovers


text:
perċa

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) clothesline
 * 2) perch

title: perċa


text:
geocarpous

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to or exhibiting geocarpy.

title: geocarpous


text:
subterranean clover

Noun

 * , a geocarpous clover.

title: subterranean clover


text: subterranean clovers

title: subterranean clovers


text:
젖가슴

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) breasts, bosoms, chest, bust

title: 젖가슴


text:
ꓓ

Letter

 * 1) The fourth letter in the Lisu language, written in Fraser script

title: ꓓ


text:
ihlengethwa

Noun

 * 1) dolphin

title: ihlengethwa


text:
subclerkship

Noun

 * 1) The state or business of a subclerk.

title: subclerkship


text: subclerkships

title: subclerkships


text:
subcontest

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate contest.

title: subcontest


text: subcontests

title: subcontests


text:
subconsideration

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate consideration.

title: subconsideration


text: subconsiderations

title: subconsiderations


text:
perreċ

Verb

 * 1) to hung to dry of clothes
 * 2) to expose, to exhibit
 * 3) to air

title: perreċ


text:
subcreek

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate creek.

title: subcreek


text: subcreeks

title: subcreeks


text:
ꓔ

Letter

 * 1) The fifth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓔ


text:
subduingly

Adverb

 * 1) So as to subdue.

title: subduingly


text: tperreċ

title: tperreċ


text: subduings

title: subduings


text: subdouble

title: subdouble


text:
tperriċ

Noun

 * 1) exposing oneself to cold air
 * 1) exposing oneself to cold air

title: tperriċ


text:
ꓕ

Etymology
Derived from Latin letter T.

Letter

 * 1) The sixth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓕ


text: 磯目

title: 磯目


text:
subelection

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate election.

title: subelection


text: subelections

title: subelections


text:
ꓖ

Letter

 * 1) The seventh letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓖ


text:
subelectorate

Noun

 * 1) A subset of the electorate.

title: subelectorate


text: subelectorates

title: subelectorates


text:
subvote

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate vote.

title: subvote


text: たもうるい

title: たもうるい


text:
subcuratorship

Noun

 * 1) The state or business of a subcurator.

title: subcuratorship


text: subcuratorships

title: subcuratorships


text:
perennement

Etymology
..

Adverb

 * 1) perennially, endlessly

title: perennement


text:
ꓗ

Letter

 * 1) The eighth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓗ


text:
previsitation

Adjective

 * 1) Prior to visitation.

title: previsitation


text: Elyssa

title: Elyssa


text:
ntiena

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) stink, bad smell
 * 1) stink, bad smell

title: ntiena


text:
subexecutor

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate executor.

title: subexecutor


text: subexecutors

title: subexecutors


text:
nittien

Noun

 * 1) debauched, lecherous person

title: nittien


text:
subescheator

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate escheator.

title: subescheator


text: subescheators

title: subescheators


text:
Bjørkedal

Etymology
From, from the river name , which is connected to and may refer to a light river bed.

title: Bjørkedal


text: しまえなが

title: しまえなが


text:
nittinerija

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) obscenity

title: nittinerija


text: tnitten

title: tnitten


text: yubi

title: yubi


text: tnittint

title: tnittint


text: Suberites

title: Suberites


text: yatto

title: yatto


text: Suberitidae

title: Suberitidae


text: tnittin

title: tnittin


text:
niegħem

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to speak pleasantly or melodiously

title: niegħem


text:
돈세탁

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) money laundering

title: 돈세탁


text: tnegħim

title: tnegħim


text: Citations:volte-face

title: Citations:volte-face


text: nniegħmu

title: nniegħmu


text: tniegħmu

title: tniegħmu


text: jniegħmu

title: jniegħmu


text: niegħmu

title: niegħmu


text: tniegħem

title: tniegħem


text: nniegħem

title: nniegħem


text: jniegħem

title: jniegħem


text:
울새

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) red-tailed robin, redbreast
 * 2) warbler
 * 1) warbler
 * 1) warbler

title: 울새


text:
유럽울새

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) European robin

title: 유럽울새


text: negħimt

title: negħimt


text: negħimna

title: negħimna


text:
ကဘတ်

Etymology
Borrowed from, ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) kebab

title: ကဘတ်


text: negħimtu

title: negħimtu


text: niegħmet

title: niegħmet


text:
붉은가슴울새

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) Japanese robin

title: 붉은가슴울새


text: mniegħem

title: mniegħem


text: mniegħma

title: mniegħma


text:
맨위

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) apex, peak, pinnacle, summit, crown
 * 2) topmost, uppermost, first
 * 1) topmost, uppermost, first

title: 맨위


text: mata wa

title: mata wa


text: naishi

title: naishi


text: homeru

title: homeru


text:
맨처음

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) very beginning, first, outset, first and foremost

title: 맨처음


text:
subfactory

Noun

 * 1) A secondary or subordinate factory.

title: subfactory


text: subfactories

title: subfactories


text:
subherd

Noun

 * 1) A herd making up part of a larger herd.

title: subherd


text: subherds

title: subherds


text:
sottotazza

Noun

 * 1) a saucer; a plate placed beneath a cup

title: sottotazza


text:
nieqa

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) cradle, crib

title: nieqa


text:
맨손

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bare hands
 * 2) being empty-handed, having nothing, freehand

title: 맨손


text: nwejqa

title: nwejqa


text:
Talk:Juguang

"Juguang Island"
Sometimes seemingly referred to as if it were one island: ,, Chukuang cites. --Geographyinitiative (talk) 01:25, 30 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Juguang


text:
맨눈

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the naked eye, bare-eye
 * 2)  macroscopic
 * 1)  macroscopic

title: 맨눈


text:
subpermanently

Adverb

 * 1) In a subpermanent manner.

title: subpermanently


text: ragħba

title: ragħba


text: rogħba

title: rogħba


text:
subpostmastership

Noun

 * 1) The state or business of a subpostmaster.

title: subpostmastership


text:
ရဝေတိုင်

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) one of six major foundational posts in a Burmese home or building, parallel to the

title: ရဝေတိုင်


text: subpostmasterships

title: subpostmasterships


text: lowers the boom

title: lowers the boom


text: lowering the boom

title: lowering the boom


text: lowered the boom

title: lowered the boom


text:
သပြေတိုင်

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) one of six major foundational posts in a Burmese home or building, parallel to the

title: သပြေတိုင်


text:
맨땅

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bare ground
 * 2) from scratch
 * 1) from scratch

title: 맨땅


text: rgħibi

title: rgħibi


text:
ဥရူတိုင်

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) one of six major foundational posts in a Burmese home or building, parallel to the

title: ဥရူတိုင်


text:
subprofitable

Adjective

 * 1) Not profitable; failing to make a profit.

title: subprofitable


text:
ကြငှန်းတိုင်

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) one of six major foundational posts in a Burmese home or building, parallel to the

title: ကြငှန်းတိုင်


text:
Subra

Proper noun

 * 1) The multiple star system.
 * 2) Omicron Leonis Aa, one of the components of the binary pair Omicron Leonis A that makes up part of this system.

title: Subra


text:
rgħajjeb

Adjective

 * : somewhat greedy, avaricious, stingy eager to possess

title: rgħajjeb


text:
ညောင်ရမ်းတိုင်

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) one of six major foundational posts in a Burmese home or building, parallel to the

title: ညောင်ရမ်းတိုင်


text:
subsizarship

Noun

 * 1) The state or position of a subsizar.

title: subsizarship


text: subsizarships

title: subsizarships


text:
ကုဗ္ဘီးတိုင်

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) one of six major foundational posts in a Burmese home or building, parallel to the

title: ကုဗ္ဘီးတိုင်


text:
riegħeb

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to make one greedy

title: riegħeb


text:
subtreasurership

Noun

 * 1) The state or business of a subtreasurer.

title: subtreasurership


text: subtreasurerships

title: subtreasurerships


text:
triegħeb

Verb

 * : to become greedy

title: triegħeb


text:
전령

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) orderly, messenger, harbinger, herald, courier

Etymology 2
. See also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) electric (electronic) bell

title: 전령


text:
antiwitch

Etymology
en

Adjective

 * 1) Opposing witches or witchcraft.

title: antiwitch


text:
ကုဗ္ဘီး

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) food offering to a celestial being
 * 2) food offering to a deceased person
 * 3) post in the northwest corner of a house

title: ကုဗ္ဘီး


text:
pseudisodomon

Etymology
en

Noun
, from

 * 1)  An early style of masonry used by the Greeks, in which the courses have differing height, length, or thickness of stones, though the stones in any one course are alike.

title: pseudisodomon


text: tirgħib

title: tirgħib


text:
전쟁터

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) battlefield

title: 전쟁터


text: tregħib

title: tregħib


text:
자욱하다

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) dense, thick
 * 2) foggy, smokey, cloudy, steamy, misty
 * 1) foggy, smokey, cloudy, steamy, misty

title: 자욱하다


text: Category:Japanese kanji with nanori reading くろ


text: Category:Japanese kanji with nanori reading あぜ


text:
포연

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) gunsmoke, smoke produced when firing a gun or other artillery

Etymology 2
.

title: 포연


text:
탄우

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) a hail of bullets

title: 탄우


text:
Lauvstad

Etymology
Newer name; from. Replaced the older name, (and Danicised form ).

title: Lauvstad


text:
မတကဘတ်

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) food offering made for the merit of a departed soul

title: မတကဘတ်


text:
banalega

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  deathbed

title: banalega


text:
pətə

Noun

 * 1) voucher

title: pətə


text:
əvəzgün

Etymology
. Intended to displace the Russianism.

Noun

 * 1)  paid day off in compensation for overtime work

title: əvəzgün


text: 马照跑，舞照跳

title: 马照跑，舞照跳


text:
patava

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) footwrap, puttee

title: patava


text:
illviðri

Noun

 * 1) bad weather

title: illviðri


text:
ꓙ

Letter

 * 1) The tenth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓙ


text:
কেৰ্কেটো

Etymology
Probably. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) squirrel

title: কেৰ্কেটো


text: Template:rkt-decl-noun

title: Template:rkt-decl-noun


text: Template:rkt-noun-v

title: Template:rkt-noun-v


text:
Storozhynets

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * Belarusian: Старажынэ́ць, Старажыне́ц
 * Crimean Tatar: Storojınets
 * Czech: Storožynec
 * French: Storojynets
 * German: Storoschynez, Storozynetz
 * Hungarian: Storojineti
 * Marathi: स्टोरोझिनेच
 * Polish: Storożyniec
 * Romanian: Storojineț, Strășineț
 * Russian: Сторожине́ц
 * Slovak: Storožynec
 * Ukrainian:
 * Yiddish: סטראָזשניץ

title: Storozhynets


text: Category:ca:Cities in Novosibirsk Oblast


text: Category:ca:Novosibirsk Oblast

title: Category:ca:Novosibirsk Oblast


text:
thồi

Noun

 * 1) table (in an inn)

title: thồi


text:
자금세탁

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) money laundering

title: 자금세탁


text: Новий Розділ

title: Новий Розділ


text:
ခဝါချ

Etymology
🇰🇲

Verb

 * 1) to launder, to wash clothes

title: ခဝါချ


text:
ခဝါ

Noun

 * 1) laundry

title: ခဝါ


text:
북아시아

Proper noun

 * 1) North Asia

title: 북아시아


text:
Novyi Rozdil

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * Belarusian: Новы Раздол, Новы Раздзіл
 * Marathi: नोविय रोझडील
 * Polish: Nowy Rozdół
 * Russian: Но́вый Роздо́л
 * Ukrainian:

title: Novyi Rozdil


text:
nội ứng

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) informant, inside man/woman

title: nội ứng


text:
ꓚ

Letter

 * 1) The eleventh letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓚ


text:
thừa cơ

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to seize the opportunity to, to make use of the occasion to

title: thừa cơ


text: Кам'янка

title: Кам'янка


text:
Kamianka

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * Belarusian: Каменка, Кам’янка
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 卡緬卡
 * Polish:, Kamjanka
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian:

title: Kamianka


text:
đại quan

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  important official, highly-placed mandarin

title: đại quan


text:
پول‌شویی

Noun

 * 1) money laundering

title: پول‌شویی


text: ぬひぐるみ

title: ぬひぐるみ


text: Гірник

title: Гірник


text:
отмывание денег

Noun

 * 1) money laundering

title: отмывание денег


text: Category:ru:Corruption

title: Category:ru:Corruption


text: Category:fa:Corruption

title: Category:fa:Corruption


text:
Hirnyk

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * Belarusian: Гірнык
 * Marathi: हिरनीक
 * Polish: Hirnyk
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian:

title: Hirnyk


text:
oai danh

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) reputation and authority

title: oai danh


text:
غسيل أموال

Etymology
.

Noun

 * : money laundering

title: غسيل أموال


text: Category:ar:Corruption

title: Category:ar:Corruption


text:
غسل أموال

Noun

 * : money laundering

title: غسل أموال


text:
تبييض أموال

Noun

 * : money laundering

title: تبييض أموال


text: hnute

title: hnute


text: dézhèng

title: dézhèng


text: hnite

title: hnite


text: Citations:Danmark

title: Citations:Danmark


text:
Roix ha-Xanà

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) Rosh Hashanah Jewish New Year

title: Roix ha-Xanà


text:
mpishi mkuu

Noun

 * 1) chef

title: mpishi mkuu


text: wapishi wakuu

title: wapishi wakuu


text:
ꓛ

Etymology
Derived from Latin letter C.

Letter

 * 1) The twelfth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓛ


text:
quàng xiên

Adjective

 * 1) nonsensical

title: quàng xiên


text:
Appendix:Transliterations of Hymns by Plethon

Introduction
The twenty-seven hymns were composed by Plethon, née Georgios Gemistos, who was a 14th-century Byzantine Greek scholar.

Prayer to the Gods of Learning
Ἐς θεοὺς τοὺς λογίους εὐχή.

Sources and Further Reading
Anyone interested in translating at least the hymns by Plethon into any traditional European language may contact John Opsopaus, Ph.D. at the following website.

 * http://opsopaus.com/resources.html
 * http://opsopaus.com/OM/BA/Plethon/
 * "Secret Texts of Hellenic Polytheism" by John Opsopaus, PhD

Ὕμνος πρῶτος διετήσιος, ὁ ἐς Δία.
(Húmnos prôtos dietḗsios, ho es Día.)

Ἁρμονία:

Ὕμνος δεύτερος, διετήσιος καὶ οὗτος, ὁ ἐς θεούς.
(Húmnos deúteros, dietḗsios kaì hoûtos, ho es theoús.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποδωριστί

Ὕμνος τρίτος, ἐπιμηνίων πρῶτος, ἐς Δία.
(Húmnos trítos, epimēníōn prôtos, es Día.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποδωριστί

Ὕμνος τέταρτος, ἐπιμηνίων δὲ δεύτερος, ἐς Ποσειδῶ.
(Húmnos tétartos, epimēníōn dè deúteros, es Poseidô.)

Ἁρμονία:

Ὕμνος πέμπτος, ἐπιμηνίων δὲ τρίτος, ἐς Ἥραν.
(Húmnos pémptos, epimēníōn dè trítos, es Hḗran.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος ἕκτος, ἐπιμηνίων τέταρτος, ἐς θεοὺς τοὺς Ὀλυμπίους.
(Húmnos héktos, epimēníōn tétartos, es theoùs toùs Olumpíous.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος ἕβδομος, ἐπιμηνίων πέμπτος, ἐς Ἀπόλλωνα.
(Húmnos hébdomos, epimēníōn pémptos, es Apóllōna.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος ὄγδοος, ἐπιμηνίων ἕκτος, ἐς Ἄρτεμιν.
(Húmnos ógdoos, epimēníōn héktos, es Ártemin.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος ἔνατος, ἐπιμηνίων ἕβδομος, ἐς θεοὺς τοὺς οὐρανίους.
(Húmnos énatos, epimēníōn hébdomos, es theoùs toùs ouraníous.)

Ἁρμονία:

Ὕμνος δέκατος, ἐπιμηνίων ὄγδοος, ἐς Ἀθηνᾶν.
(Húmnos dékatos, epimēníōn ógdoos, es Athēnân.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος ἑνδέκατος, ἐπιμηνίων ἔνατος, ἐς Διόνυσον.
(Húmnos hendékatos, epimēníōn énatos, es Diónuson.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος δωδέκατος, ἐπιμηνίων δέκατος, ἐς Τιτᾶνας.
(Húmnos dōdékatos, epimēníōn dékatos, es Titânas.)

Ἁρμονία: φρυγιστί

Ὕμνος τρισκαιδέκατος, ἐπιμηνίων ἑνδέκατος, ἐς Ἥφαιστον.
(Húmnos triskaidékatos, epimēníōn hendékatos, es Hḗphaiston.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος τεσσαρεςκαιδέκατος, ἐπιμηνίων δωδέκατος, ἐς δαίμονας.
(Húmnos tessareskaidékatos, epimēníōn dōdékatos, es daímonas.)

Ἁρμονία: φρυγιστί

Ὕμνος πεντεκαιδέκατος, ἐπιμηνίων τρισκαιδέκατος, ἐς σύμπαντας θεούς.
(Húmnos pentekaidékatos, epimēníōn triskaidékatos, es súmpantas theoús.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποδωριστί

Ὕμνος ἑκκαιδέκατος, ἱερῶν δὲ πρῶτος, ἐς Δία.
(Húmnos hekkaidékatos, hierôn dè prôtos, es Día.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποδωριστί

Ὕμνος ἑπτακαιδέκατος, ἱερῶν δεύτερος, ἐς θεοὺς τοὺς Ὀλυμπίους.
(Húmnos heptakaidékatos, hierôn deúteros, es theoùs toùs Olumpíous.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποφρυγιστί

Ὕμνος ὀκτωκαιδέκατος, ἱερῶν τρίτος, ἐς πάντας θεούς.
(Húmnos oktōkaidékatos, hierôn trítos, es pántas theoús.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποδωριστί

Ὕμνος ἐννεακαιδέκατος, ἱερῶν τέταρτος, ἐς σύμπαντας τοὺς μετὰ τοὺς Ὀλυμπίους θεούς.
(Húmnos enneakaidékatos, hierôn tétartos, es súmpantas toùs metà toùs Olumpíous theoús.)

Ἁρμονία: φρυγιστί

Ὕμνος εἰκοστὸς, ἱερῶν πέμπτος, ἐς Πλούτωνα.
(Húmnos eikostòs, hierôn pémptos, es Ploútōna.)

Ἁρμονία:

Ὕμνος εἷς καὶ εἰκοστὸς, ἱερῶν ἕκτος, ἐς Δία.
(Húmnos heîs kaì eikostòs, hierôn héktos, es Día.)

Ἁρμονία: ὑποδωριστί

Ὕμνος δύο καὶ εἰκοστὸς, ἐφημερίων δὲ πρῶτος, ἡμέρᾳ ᾀδόμενος δευτέρᾳ.
(Húmnos dúo kaì eikostòs, ephēmeríōn dè prôtos, hēmérāi āidómenos deutérāi.)

Ἁρμονία: δωριστί

Ὕμνος τρεῖς καὶ εἰκοστὸς, ἐφημερίων δεύτερος, ἡμέρᾳ ᾀδόμενος τρίτη.
(Húmnos treîs kaì eikostòs, ephēmeríōn deúteros, hēmérāi āidómenos trítē.)

Ἁρμονία: δωριστί

Ὕμνος τέσσαρες καὶ εἰκοστὸς, ἐφημερίων τρίτος, ἡμέρᾳ ᾀδόμενος τετάρτῃ.
(Húmnos téssares kaì eikostòs, ephēmeríōn trítos, hēmérāi āidómenos tetártēi.)

Ἁρμονία: δωριστί

Ὕμνος πέντε καὶ εἰκοστὸς, ἐφημερίων τέταρτος, ἡμέρᾳ ᾀδόμενος πέμπτῃ.
(Húmnos pénte kaì eikostòs, ephēmeríōn tétartos, hēmérāi āidómenos pémptēi.)

Ἁρμονία: δωριστί

Ὕμνος ἓξ καὶ εἰκοστὸς, ἐφημερίων πέμπτος, ἡμέρᾳ ᾀδόμενος ἕκτῃ.
(Húmnos hèx kaì eikostòs, ephēmeríōn pémptos, hēmérāi āidómenos héktēi.)

Ἁρμονία: δωριστί

Ὕμνος ἑπτὰ καὶ εἰκοστὸς, ἐφημερίων ἕκτος, ἡμέρᾳ ᾀδόμενος ἑβδόμῃ.
(Húmnos heptà kaì eikostòs, ephēmeríōn héktos, hēmérāi āidómenos hebdómēi.)

Ἁρμονία: δωριστί


text:
Mixnà

Etymology
, from. .

Proper noun

 * 1) Mishna

title: Mixnà


text:
User:Sokkjo/Sandbox4

 * *ḱélh₃-wr̥ ~ *ḱl̥h₃-wéns / *ḱélh₃-wōr ~ *ḱl̥h₃-unés

title: User:Sokkjo/Sandbox4


text:
종용

Etymology 1
.

Etymology 2
. See also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) urge, urging, pressure, pressuring, inducement, advice

title: 종용


text:
조용조용하다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) very quiet, very soft

title: 조용조용하다


text:
조용조용히

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) (very) quietly, gently, softly, calmly, composedly

title: 조용조용히


text:
종용하다

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1) calm, unhurried, leisurely

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to urge, pressure, coax, provoke, induce (to), push (to)

title: 종용하다


text:
통통거리다

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to pound, stamp, resound
 * 2) to putter (about)
 * 1) to putter (about)
 * 1) to putter (about)

title: 통통거리다


text:
부르릉거리다

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to roar, vroom, rev up, putter

title: 부르릉거리다


text:
解說性

Noun

 * 1) explanatoriness

title: 解說性


text: 부르릉

title: 부르릉


text: 解说性

title: 解说性


text:
unruffledness

Noun

 * 1) The state or condition of being unruffled.

title: unruffledness


text:
ꓜ

Letter

 * 1) The thirteenth letter in the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓜ


text:
평정심

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) peace of mind

title: 평정심


text:
päätehtävä

Noun

 * 1) primary task, main task

title: päätehtävä


text:
päätilaisuus

Noun

 * 1) main session of an event

title: päätilaisuus


text:
päätuote

Noun

 * 1) main product, key product

title: päätuote


text:
päävartio

Noun

 * 1) main guard

title: päävartio


text:
päävastustaja

Noun

 * 1) main opponent, principal opponent, chief adversary

title: päävastustaja


text:
päävastuu

Noun

 * 1) main responsibility

title: päävastuu


text:
päävelallinen

Noun

 * 1) principal debtor

title: päävelallinen


text:
pääverso

Noun

 * 1) main shoot of a plant

title: pääverso


text:
pääväestö

Noun

 * 1) main population, predominant population

title: pääväestö


text:
taajama-asukas

Noun

 * 1) the population in a

title: taajama-asukas


text:
tahdinlyönti

Noun

 * 1) beat pulse on the beat level

title: tahdinlyönti


text:
tahdinosa

Noun

 * 1)  beat unit of time

title: tahdinosa


text:
tahdonilmaisu

Noun

 * 1) expression or statement of one's intent or will

title: tahdonilmaisu


text:
tahdonlujuus

Noun

 * 1) willpower, strength of will

title: tahdonlujuus


text:
tahdonponnistus

Noun

 * 1) effort of will

title: tahdonponnistus


text:
tahdonvapaus

Noun

 * 1) free will, free agency

title: tahdonvapaus


text:
taide-elämys

Noun

 * 1) artistic experience, art experience

title: taide-elämys


text:
taimikonhoito

Noun

 * 1) seedling management, seedling care

title: taimikonhoito


text:
taistelunhalu

Noun

 * 1) will to fight

title: taistelunhalu


text:
taistelunjohto

Noun

 * 1) combat leadership, combat management

title: taistelunjohto


text: Citations:Unsupported titles/9`lowbar`9

title: Citations:Unsupported titles/9`lowbar`9


text:
차분

Etymology 2
. See also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  difference

title: 차분


text:
Talk:γάϊδαρος

not misspelling
This form is not a misspelling, it is a form used in the past, at the time it was the correct and only spelling. See as an example a dictionary entry here. FocalPoint (talk) 05:14, 30 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:γάϊδαρος


text:
격렬

Etymology
. See also 🇨🇬.

title: 격렬


text:
격렬하다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) violent, vehement, furious, intense

title: 격렬하다


text:
maddeningness

Noun

 * 1) The quality, state, or condition of being maddening.

title: maddeningness


text: Unsupported titles/9`lowbar`9

title: Unsupported titles/9`lowbar`9


text:
맹렬

Etymology
. See also 🇨🇬.

title: 맹렬


text:
맹렬해지다

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to fiercen, grow violent

title: 맹렬해지다


text: Category:Korean terms suffixed with -해지다


text:
Reconstruction talk:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ewlós

Moving to *h₂ul-
Thanks for the edits, you clearly know more about this than I do. Since is the zero-grade of this word, would it be best to move this page to that, and simply list  as a derived term? Not fully familiar with how PIE derivation should be displayed. GabeMoore (talk) 05:31, 30 September 2022 (UTC)

 * I don't know. Vahag (talk) 14:34, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Alright, I might do that then since it makes sense to me. Thanks. GabeMoore (talk) 15:50, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Roots are lemmatized at the e-grade, so you should move to . Vahag (talk) 16:02, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * HeRR is an invalid PIE root. --Skiulinamo (talk) 18:47, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Let's keep the discussion at the deletion page. Vahag (talk) 11:57, 1 October 2022 (UTC)


text: -해지다

title: -해지다


text:
傳命

Verb

 * 1)  to dispatch orders

title: 傳命


text: 传命

title: 传命


text: 익숙

title: 익숙


text: chuánmìng

title: chuánmìng


text: chuánlìng

title: chuánlìng


text: 将命

title: 将命


text:
將命

Verb

 * 1)  to receive or follow orders; to obey orders and take action
 * 2)  to dispatch orders

title: 將命


text:
냉담해지다

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to become cold, grow icy
 * 2) to harden one's heart

title: 냉담해지다


text: jiāngmìng

title: jiāngmìng


text:
ikunlẹ

Etymology
From

Noun

 * 1) kneeling

title: ikunlẹ


text:
똥똥하다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) plump, short and fat, chubby

title: 똥똥하다


text:
똥똥

Etymology
Doubling of.

title: 똥똥


text:
খেঁকাৰ

Etymology
. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) phlegm

title: খেঁকাৰ


text:
донеччанин

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) a person from Donetsk

title: донеччанин


text:
swapang

Etymology
Possibly. Compare 🇨🇬,.

Adjective

 * 1) oppressively opportunistic; taking advantage
 * 2) inconsiderate
 * 3) greedy
 * 1) greedy
 * 1) greedy

title: swapang


text:
বিজল

Adjective

 * 1) slimy

Noun

 * 1) slime

title: বিজল


text:
풍협

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) plump, full, chubby, round cheeks

title: 풍협


text:
풍협미인

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) a buxom beauty, a plump-cheeked lady

title: 풍협미인


text:
おいちょかぶ

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) a Japanese card game similar to Baccarat, where the goal is to achieve a hand scoring as close to 9 points as possible

title: おいちょかぶ


text:
ꓝ

Letter

 * 1) The fourteenth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓝ


text:
확실성

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) confidence, certainty, surety, sureness, reliability

title: 확실성


text:
ꓞ

Etymology
Derived from Latin letter F.

Letter

 * 1) The fifteenth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓞ


text: Category:Lisu letters

title: Category:Lisu letters


text:
퉁퉁

Etymology
Doubling of.

Ideophone

 * 1) corpulently, fatly, roundly, swollenly
 * 2)  with a thump, stamp, boom, thud
 * 1)  with a thump, stamp, boom, thud

title: 퉁퉁


text:
불은

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  the grace, mercy, kindness, charity, or blessings of Buddha

title: 불은


text:
ゾロ

Noun
Can also be written ぞろ or ぞうろ. Possibly derived from ぞろり; see also the term ゾロ目.

 * 1)  a set of several identical values. Examples of use include:
 * 2) the dice game チンチロリン, where ピンゾロ means a roll consisting of three aces;
 * 3) the hanafuda (花札) games 八八 and 六百間 (among others), where the term refers to a pair;
 * 4) the kabufuda (株札) or hanafuda game おいちょかぶ, where it refers to a triplet (equivalent to the term アラシ) or pair.

title: ゾロ


text:
퉁퉁마디

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) glasswort, saltwort, (marsh) samphire,   or

title: 퉁퉁마디


text: φτάνουν στο απροχώρητο

title: φτάνουν στο απροχώρητο


text: indolensen

title: indolensen


text: indolensens

title: indolensens


text:
퉁퉁배

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) drum belly

title: 퉁퉁배


text:
퉁퉁하다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) swollen, corpulent, fat, plump, rotund, thick, chubby

title: 퉁퉁하다


text:
렌트카

Noun

 * 1) rental car

title: 렌트카


text:
Preest

Etymology
From.

title: Preest


text:
퉁퉁걸음

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) a stamp, heavy tread/walk, lumbering gait, walking with pounding steps

title: 퉁퉁걸음


text: stondeth

title: stondeth


text:
불룩하다

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1) bulging, protruding

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1) to bulge, protrude

title: 불룩하다


text:
불룩

Adverb

 * 1) in a bulge, protrusion

title: 불룩


text:
tiền đề

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  a

Usage notes
Not to be confused with.

title: tiền đề


text:
풍만하다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) full, ample, abundant, voluptuous, plump, corpulent, buxom, well-developed, stout

title: 풍만하다


text: Quergriffen

title: Quergriffen


text:
풍만

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) abundance, opulence, plenty, affluence, wealth, richness

title: 풍만


text:
απρωτοκόλλητος

Adjective

 * 1) unrecorded

title: απρωτοκόλλητος


text:
풍만해지다

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to round out, fill out

title: 풍만해지다


text:
filterbubbla

Etymology
, equivalent to 🇰🇲. Attested since 2011.

Noun

 * 1) filter bubble

title: filterbubbla


text:
死而復生

Idiom

 * 1) to become alive after death; to resurrect

title: 死而復生


text: filterbubblan

title: filterbubblan


text: filterbubblor

title: filterbubblor


text: filterbubblorna

title: filterbubblorna


text: filterbubblas

title: filterbubblas


text: filterbubblans

title: filterbubblans


text: filterbubblors

title: filterbubblors


text: filterbubblornas

title: filterbubblornas


text: 死而复生

title: 死而复生


text:
충만

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) being full or filled, overflow, repletion, pervasion, suffusion, repleteness

title: 충만


text:
충만되다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) full, filled, overflowing

title: 충만되다


text:
άπταιστος

Adjective

 * 1) fluent, perfect

title: άπταιστος


text:
충만하다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) full, filled, overflowing

title: 충만하다


text:
충만증

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) repletion, plethora

title: 충만증


text:
ꓟ

Letter

 * 1) The sixteenth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓟ


text:
Talk:Таусень

Surjection and Fish bowl vs Fennic etymology
Vasmer doesn't know the word origin but we can find it in Melnikov-Pechersky's works since he had been collecting Volga Finnic historical and ethnographical material for years. The article published in Moksha journal is dedicated to Melnikov-Pechersky's work and describes the genre Tausendamat in Mokshan folklore. So, if @Surjection and his colleague @Fish bowl have any issues with that I'm afraid they are fennophobic. I don't see any other logical reasons. Does the article need more sources? Why? To convince those two who just don't like it? Numulunj pilgae (talk) 07:01, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm indeed such a massive Fennophobe that I've created literally tens of thousands of Finnish entries on this site. The fact that it is your defense certainly says a lot more about you and how trustworthy you are than about the character of anyone else here. — S URJECTION / T / C / L / 13:12, 30 September 2022 (UTC)

Antisemitic vandals are removing sources one by one to hide their rules violation
Seems that antisemitic vandals here are deleting sources one by one to find a reason for placing their templates about lack of sources. They are cheating and violate the wiki rules. They even do not have respect to Russian ethnologist Melnikov Pechersky's heritage. Please everyone pay attention to the cheating! Numulunj pilgae (talk) 18:55, 31 October 2022 (UTC)

 * So your earlier personal attack didn't work and you had to come up with a new one. How about instead of adding complete gibberish, you actually added some actual Moksha terms? We don't have that many here. — S URJECTION / T / C / L / 19:06, 31 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Арьсят аф видекс, азонтт коса эльбятькссь: рузонь тяштьфса эли мокшень лисьмапряса? Numulunj pilgae (talk) 20:04, 31 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Emmä oo koskaa väittäny tietävän paljookaa venäläiste tai mordvalaiste tavoista, mut ei täs o siltkää mittää järkee. Lainaus sannoo vaa et "joo o tää sana täs", ja alkuperä väännetty periaatteel "kato ku tää o vähä samanlaine"
 * On a more serious note: this is the English Wiktionary. Responding in Moksha just means nobody is going to understand you. — S URJECTION / T / C / L / 20:55, 31 October 2022 (UTC)

RFV discussion: June 2022–March 2024
Moksha. There doesn't really seem to be any evidence for this being a word in Moksha - the quote could equally well be talking about the practice rather than the word itself (and is apparently just one out of many theories regarding its origin). (Note that if the quote is indeed talking about the practice, then the existing quote on the page is a mention, which would not count.) — S URJECTION / T / C / L / 19:29, 8 June 2022 (UTC)

 * In any case I believe it should be lower-case. Thadh (talk) 21:06, 8 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Does anyone know how to track down "Moksha journal, 1973, Issue 6, pp. 71-72"? (E.g. the original name of the journal would be useful information for improving verifiability, even if it's behind a paywall.) 70.172.194.25 05:25, 10 June 2022 (UTC)
 * RFV-deleted — S URJECTION / T / C / L / 18:29, 3 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Таусень


text:
ꓠ

Letter

 * 1) The seventeenth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓠ


text:
απτόητα

Adverb

 * 1) undauntedly

title: απτόητα


text:
ꓡ

Letter

 * 1) The eighteenth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓡ


text:
풍족

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) abundance, opulence, affluence, plenty, wealth, riches, richness

title: 풍족


text:
απτόητος

Etymology
From

Adjective

 * 1) undeterred, undaunted, undismayed, unabashed
 * 2) dauntless

title: απτόητος


text: 黃鳥

title: 黃鳥


text:
ꓢ

Letter

 * 1) The nineteenth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓢ


text: 黄鸟

title: 黄鸟


text:
ꓣ

Letter

 * 1) The twentieth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓣ


text:
풍족하다

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) abundant, plentiful, rich, opulent, well-off, affluent

title: 풍족하다


text:
ꓤ

Etymology
Derived from Latin letter R.

Letter

 * 1) The twenty-first letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓤ


text: huángniǎo

title: huángniǎo


text:
ꓥ

Etymology
Derived from Latin letter V.

Letter

 * 1) The twenty-second letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓥ


text:
ꓦ

Letter

 * 1) The twenty-third letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓦ


text:
ꓧ

Letter

 * 1) The twenty-fourth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script

title: ꓧ


text:
흉부

Etymology
. See also 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) thorax, chest

title: 흉부


text:
엑스선

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1)  x-ray, Xray

title: 엑스선


text:
απύθμενος

Adjective

 * 1) abysmal, bottomless

title: απύθμενος


text:
騷疙瘩

Noun

 * 1)  acne; pimple

title: 騷疙瘩


text: 骚疙瘩

title: 骚疙瘩


text:
Talk:shana tova

Vandal Fish bowl together with his friend Surjection are removing links one by one
I guess it is called vandalism. Numulunj pilgae (talk) 07:16, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * They removed utter nonsense. This is an English entry for a phrase borrowed from Hebrew. Why would languages in eastern Europe borrow a Hebrew phrase from English? Even if we accept the etymologies you added to those other two words, they say the words came from a single Hebrew word which is only half of the Hebrew phase which was borrowed by English. You might as well say that this phrase came from Udmurt! Chuck Entz (talk) 08:16, 30 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:shana tova


text:
검진

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  examination, check-up, health screening

title: 검진


text:
부르릉대다

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to rumble, rev up, vroom, roar

title: 부르릉대다


text:
릉

Etymology
Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

title: 릉


text:
απύλωτος

Etymology
From

Adjective

 * 1)  gateless

title: απύλωτος


text:
Khepri

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  A scarab-faced god who represents the rising or morning sun.

title: Khepri


text: Khepera

title: Khepera


text: 青春痘兒

title: 青春痘兒


text: 青春痘儿

title: 青春痘儿


text:
𤶃仔子

Noun

 * 1)  comedo, clogged hair follicles that cause acne

title: 𤶃仔子


text:
시드

Etymology 1
From.

Etymology 2
From.

title: 시드


text: schejßn

title: schejßn


text: Template:bar-pronoun

title: Template:bar-pronoun


text:
skorv

Etymology
, from, probably from. Likely cognate of 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  cradle cap
 * 2)  a boat or ship of poor quality, especially an old and decayed one.
 * 3) A crustacean of species, of the Baltic
 * 1) A crustacean of species, of the Baltic

title: skorv


text: Category:Bavarian possessive pronouns

title: Category:Bavarian possessive pronouns


text:
Cosnard

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
Historically most prevalent in the Sarthe department.

title: Cosnard


text:
extratheistic

Adjective

 * 1) Outside of theism;.

title: extratheistic


text: ობა

title: ობა


text: extraschool

title: extraschool


text:
უბაფე

Noun

 * 1) NaN უბაs

title: უბაფე


text: ubape

title: ubape


text:
extraconscious

Adjective

 * 1) Outside of a person's consciousness.

title: extraconscious


text:
Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * French:

title: Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire


text:
nondisputing

Adjective

 * 1) Not engaged in a dispute.

title: nondisputing


text:
extraperiodic

Adjective

 * 1) Outside of a given period.

title: extraperiodic


text: Cosne-sur-Loire

title: Cosne-sur-Loire


text:
Cosne

Etymology
.

title: Cosne