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Mindhunters

Mindhunters is a 2004 American crime slasher film directed by Renny Harlin and starring Kathryn Morris, LL Cool J, Jonny Lee Miller, Patricia Velásquez, Clifton Collins Jr., Christian Slater, and Val Kilmer. It was written by Wayne Kramer and Kevin Brodbin with an uncredited rewrite by Ehren Kruger. Unusually, the last country to receive this film was the United States in 2005, because of the film's distribution rights being changed from 20th Century Fox to Dimension Films.

In the film, a group of FBI profilers in training are tasked with tracking a serial killer to pass their exam. But they find themselves targeted by an actual killer. The team suspect that one of their members is their enemy, hiding among them.

Plot
The Mindhunters are a group of FBI agents who are training as profilers. Their instructor, experienced profiler Jake Harris, employs a training approach that consists of assigning them variants of real investigations, including elaborate sets, props, and actors, to play out each scenario.

The student group is made up of Bobby, Vince, Nicole, Sara, Rafe, and Lucas. Alongside Harris is J.D., an experienced agent who leads the group and is secretly Nicole's lover. Nearing the end of their training, the group's morale is high. However, Vince discovers that neither he nor Sara will make the rank of "profiler" after secretly reading their training evaluations.

The group travels with Harris and J.D. to an island off the coast of North Carolina to complete their final training exercise. At the last minute, they are joined by Gabe, an outside observer who requested to see Harris's teaching methods in action. The Navy uses the island to train for hostage rescue and outbreak scenarios, and it features several target dummies, vehicles on mechanical rails, and small-town storefronts. Harris plans on using the town for their final exam, tracking "The Puppeteer", a serial killer. The team settles down and practices their profiling skills. There, it is revealed that Gabe is also a skilled profiler in his own right. Sara and Lucas briefly bond over losses in their families. Sara's sister was murdered and drowned years before, creating a fear of water in Sara, while Lucas' parents died when he was 10.

The following morning, the group finds a dead cat with a broken pocket watch in its mouth. Later, during the investigation of the "puppeteer" scenario, J.D. dies after triggering a mechanism that causes a tank of liquid nitrogen (mislabeled as helium) to freeze him instantly. Realizing J.D.'s death is neither accidental nor part of the training simulation, the group heads to the dock to leave the island, but the boat explodes before they can board. After returning to base, the group realizes that the broken watches and clocks found at each scene point to the fact that there is a real serial killer nearby, who has co-opted the exercise and is hunting them down. The killer's M.O. indicates that they plan to kill someone at a time designated by the broken clocks. After a thorough search of the island reveals nobody else present, the group concludes that the killer must be one of them.

Suspicions initially point to Gabe, as Lucas found maps and documents of the island in his luggage. While confronting him, they all pass out as their coffee has been drugged. They awaken to discover the killer murdered Rafe, draining his blood and leaving his severed head on a table, leading suspicions to return again to Gabe. Despite the suspicions, Gabe saves Vince from another trap involving broken water pipes and electrocution. Bobby is instead killed by a secondary trap when he goes to turn off the water. They then discover the killer wrote letters on their cloths that spell out Roanoke, referring to the Roanoke Colony that disappeared, making them realize the killer is only looking to be infamous.

While examining the bodies they find Sara's blood under Rafe's fingernails suspicion shifts to Sara, who insists that she is being framed. Sara deduces that the traps are based on their strengths, talents, and weaknesses. Just as Nicole becomes the next to die after she smokes a cigarette laced with acid.

The island's speakers start broadcasting a taunting message from Harris, making the group realize that he is in the island. Convinced that Harris is the killer, Sara, Gabe and Lucas search for him, only to find him and two other agents dead in a hidden storefront. Harris has been strung up to wires from the ceiling as a marionette. The three turn on each other after triggering another trap, and Lucas is shot during the ensuing gun battle. Vince is trapped in a freezer after trying to reload his empty gun. In the elevator, he soon dies when his gun backfires on him, as the killer sabotaged it.

Sara finds Vince's body, but Gabe ambushes her. The two fight, believing the other person is the killer. Gabe overpowers Sara but is then attacked by Lucas. Sara eventually recovers and hits Gabe with a fire extinguisher. Lucas reveals that he had been wearing a bulletproof vest, allowing him to survive getting shot. With Gabe subdued, Lucas expresses doubt that there is enough evidence to prove that he was the killer. Sara, however, reveals she found a way to get one step ahead of the killer. Knowing that the killer was relying on timed mechanisms and remotes, as well as enjoying watching their anxiety under pressure, she changed a clock to appear slow by fifteen minutes, and covered it in a powder that glows phosphorescently under blacklight. Reasoning that the killer would not be able to resist setting the clock to the correct time, she grabs a black light, finding the marking powder on Lucas' hands. Lucas confesses that his parents did not die in an accident, but that he killed them. Struggling to find more thrilling targets, he joined the FBI and planned to kill his fellow profilers, the only people he thought would be "worthy prey". Lucas tries to drown Sara, who manages to kick him into the water.

The two struggle and recover their weapons underwater, though she manages to shoot Lucas dead before he can kill her. Gabe recovers from his wounds, and when morning arrives, he and Sara flag down a U.S. Navy helicopter to leave the island.

Cast

 * Kathryn Morris as Sara Moore
 * LL Cool J as Gabe Jensen
 * Jonny Lee Miller as Lucas Harper
 * Patricia Velásquez as Nicole Willis
 * Clifton Collins Jr. as Vince Sherman
 * Eion Bailey as Bobby Whitman
 * Will Kemp as Rafe Perry
 * Val Kilmer as FBI Agent Jake Harris
 * Christian Slater as J.D. Reston
 * Trevor White as Attacker
 * Cassandra Bell as Jen
 * Jasmine Sendar as Jen's Friend
 * Anthonie Kamerling as Man In bar #1
 * Daniël Boissevain as Man In bar #2

Production
Wayne Kramer sold the original spec screenplay of Mindhunters to 20th Century Fox. The title of his screenplay was originally called Unsub (Unknown Subject), but Fox executives preferred the title Mindhunters and changed it before the deal was announced to the entertainment press. Kramer never felt comfortable with the title change because there was already a non-fiction book by John Douglas called Mindhunter. Renny Harlin was originally attached to direct the film adaptation of A Sound of Thunder based on Ray Bradbury's short story, but left to helm this movie instead. Gerard Butler was set to the play the role of Lucas Harper, but dropped out to star in Timeline. Ryan Phillippe was also considered for the part, before Jonny Lee Miller eventually signed on. Phillippe's then-wife, Reese Witherspoon, was offered to play Sara Moore, but she turned it down and Kathryn Morris was later cast. Christopher Walken, Martin Sheen and Gary Busey were all offered the part of Jake Harris, but they rejected the film before Val Kilmer agreed to do the movie.

Mindhunters was filmed entirely in the Netherlands. Locations included Amsterdam (Amsterdam-Noord), The Hague, Delft, beach town Zandvoort, training village of the Police Academy in Ossendrecht and Radio Kootwijk on the Veluwe heath lands in the Gelderland province. Post-production of the film was moved to England to decrease the budget. Filming and production went from January to September 2002, yet the film was not released until 2004 (2005 in the USA). During the editing process, Harlin toned down much of the violence, in order to secure a PG-13 rating in the United States, yet the MPAA felt that the overall tone of the film was too dark and still issued it an R; following this Harlin reinserted the deleted scenes.

Box office
The film was a box office letdown, making only $4,476,235 domestically against a production budget of $27 million.

Reception
Mindhunters received generally negative reviews and it currently holds a 24% rating on Rotten Tomatoes; the consensus states: "A retread of Ten Little Indians that lacks the source material's wit." On Metacritic, which uses an average of the critics' reviews, the film scored 33/100, indicating "generally unfavorable" reviews.

Roger Ebert, of the Chicago Sun-Times, gave Mindhunters 2½ stars. His comments were: "I will leave you with only one clue. In 'House of Wax', which opened last week, the movie theater is playing 'What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'. In this movie, the theater marquee advertises 'The Third Man'. No, the male characters are not numbered in order, so you can't figure it out that way, nor is the killer necessarily a woman. So think real hard. What else do you know about 'The Third Man'? If you have never seen 'The Third Man', I urge you to rent it immediately, as a preparation (or substitute) for 'Mindhunters'."

title: Mindhunters


text:
Sunday Trading Act 1994

The Sunday Trading Act 1994 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom governing the right of shops in England and Wales to trade on a Sunday. Buying and selling on Sunday had previously been illegal, with exceptions, under the Shops Act 1950.

Background
Following the defeat of the Shops Bill 1986, which would have enabled widespread Sunday trading, compromise legislation was introduced in July 1994 in England and Wales, coming into force on 26 August 1994, allowing shops to open, but restricting opening times of larger stores i.e. those over 280 m2 to a maximum of six hours, between 10:00-18:00 only. Large retail park shops usually open 11:00-17:00, with supermarkets more usually choosing 10:00-16:00. In Central London, for example on Oxford Street, many shops choose to open from 12:00-18:00. This includes large 24-hour supermarkets, which meant that supermarkets have to close on Saturday night to allow six continuous hours of shopping within the allotted time.

However, some of the stores open half an hour earlier to allow people to "browse", but do not allow sales before the allotted time. Deliveries to the large stores are not permitted to be loaded or unloaded before 09:00. Large shops were excluded from opening on Easter Sunday and Christmas Day (when it fell on a Sunday), but the Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004 made it illegal for large shops to open on Christmas Day regardless of whatever day of the week it falls upon.

Shops in Scotland, where Sunday trading had always been generally unregulated, retained the right to open at any time. However, the right for workers in Scotland to refuse to work on a Sunday was later conferred by the Sunday Working (Scotland) Act 2003. Northern Ireland has separate laws governing Sunday opening.

The Sunday Trading Bill had met with considerable opposition from the Lord's Day Observance Society and other groups such as the Keep Sunday Special campaign, a coalition body which includes the shopworkers' trade union USDAW. USDAW finally agreed to support six-hour Sunday trading in return for a promise that Sunday working would be strictly voluntary. This decision played an important role in encouraging many Labour MPs to back the bill in a free vote. They asked for a guarantee of premium pay, but the Government's position was that that was a matter for negotiation between shopworkers or their unions and their employers and the Act says nothing about the rate of pay for Sunday working.

2012 suspension
In the run up to the 2012 Olympic Games, the Sunday Trading (London Olympic Games and Paralympic Games) Act 2012 was passed stipulating that Sunday trading laws would be suspended by the government on eight weekends from 22 July during the Olympics and Paralympics. This was a temporary measure, and the relaxation expired at the end of the summer.

Ongoing debate
The debate over Sunday trading laws was reignited in 2014, when a ComRes poll commissioned by pressure group 'Open Sundays' revealed that 72% of people believe they should be able to shop whenever is convenient to them. The debate gained further political traction in May of the same year, when Philip Davies MP tabled five amendments to the Deregulation Bill which aimed at abolishing or liberalising the current Sunday trading laws. Although these amendments were ultimately rejected, the debate continued to receive attention, with Davies appearing on the BBC's Daily Politics on 2 July 2014 and labelling the current regulations as "completely absurd and unjustifiable".

It was proposed in the July 2015 Budget that the Sunday trading laws might be relaxed and shops over 280 m2 be able to open longer. However this proposal was defeated in a House of Commons vote.

Exemptions
Some categories of large shops are exempt from the Sunday Trading Act 1994:

 * Airport shops
 * Pharmacies
 * Goods from exhibition stalls
 * Farm shops that sell their own produce (including fishmongers)
 * Petrol filling stations
 * Railway stations
 * Motorway service stations

Small shops with a floor area of under and up to 280 square metres (3,000 square feet) may open if they wish to.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Sunday Trading Act 1994


text: Wikipedia:Most vandalized pages

title: Wikipedia:Most vandalized pages


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Chicago Storm (soccer)

The Chicago Storm was an indoor soccer team in the Major Indoor Soccer League from 2004 to 2008 and the Xtreme Soccer League in 2009. The team folded after playing in a local indoor league, the Ultimate Soccer League.

History
The Storm played home games during its first two seasons at the UIC Pavilion on the West Side of Chicago. Former Chicago Sting and Chicago Fire soccer great Frank Klopas coached the team during its first two seasons, and Ted Chronopoulos captained the team for their inaugural 2004 season. Chicago Sting leading scorer Karl-Heinz Granitza worked for the club's front office in 2005. In 2005–06, the Storm started the season with a 2–6 record but improved over the second half of the season to make the play-offs.

With attendance an issue, the team moved its home games to the newly built Sears Centre in Hoffman Estates, a northwest suburb of Chicago, for the 2006–07 season. Steve Morris, a former Illinois soccer player of the year, replaced Klopas as coach for the 2006–07 season.

The Storm had a developmental team in 2008 called the Tormenta. They made the playoffs that year despite a late season slide, but lost to Monterrey in the quarterfinals after losing on a golden goal.

After the MISL folded, the Storm played in the Xtreme Soccer League. After the XSL folded with just one year of play, the Storm joined the Ultimate Soccer League.

Head coaches

 * 🇺🇸 Frank Klopas 2004-2006
 * 🏴 Steve Morris 2006-2009
 * 🇷🇸 Branko Savic 2009–2011

Retired numbers

 * No. 12 🇩🇪 Karl-Heinz Granitza

Arenas

 * UIC Pavilion 2004–2006
 * Sears Centre 2006–2009
 * Chicago Sports Zone 2009–2010

title: Chicago Storm (soccer)


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Underground Literary Alliance

The Underground Literary Alliance is a Philadelphia-based and internationally membered group of writers, zinesters and DIY writers. They seek to expose what they see as the corruption and insularity in the American book-publishing establishment while providing alternative avenues for writers who don't easily fit into mainstream institutions and agendas.

Among many other activities, they have gained considerable attention for their exposure of an insular literary practice whereby establishment authors serve on juries to award monetary prizes to their writing friends. In particular they have been able to point out cases where the prizewinning authors are in fact already wealthy, and thus can be seen as taking money from other authors who actually need it.

In general the ULA favors direct, vernacular writing over the more cryptic and mannered styles of the present-day academy. They present their literary aesthetic in their communal lit-zine, Slush Pile.

A quote from Karl Wenclas, the organization's Publicity Director: "The Underground Literary Alliance is the most controversial writers' group in America. We stand up for writers, expose corruption in the publishing world, and work to create a fun & exciting alternative to the literary mainstream."

History
The Underground Literary Alliance has its roots in the independent zine scene that flourished in the 1990s. The founders of the group were zinesters who connected with each other through A Reader's Guide to the Underground Press or through other underground writers. These founders, and their zines, were: Karl Wenclas, New Philistine; Michael Jackman, inspector 18; Steve Kostecke, Seoul in Slices; Joe Smith, The Die; Ann Sterzinger, Bottle-Fed; and Doug Bassett, a literary theorist. The six of them met in Hoboken, New Jersey, in October, 2000, in order to launch the group and commence their activism by signing a statement of protest against a Guggenheim grant given to Rick Moody, an already-wealthy writer. The text of the statement read as follows:

We the undersigned protest the year 2000 Guggenheim grant to well-known author Rick Moody, because it exemplifies the practice of giving financial assistance to already successful and affluent writers, well-connected, who clearly don’t need the help—while other writers abjectly struggle—and because this runs counter to the implicit charitable purpose behind the tax-exempt status of a foundation like John Simon Guggenheim.

In addition to the six who met in Hoboken, this protest was later signed by over 30 other zinesters. It was also sent out to approximately 300 of the American lit world’s biggest-named writers, editors, and agents—but none of them signed.

Since its founding, the ULA has constantly engaged in its own brand of “literary activism” which has gained the group a notoriety for exposing what they see as corruption in the American literary world and for harshly criticizing corporate-promulgated literary fiction.

Current ULA members include Patrick Simonelli, editor of litvision.org, Leopold McGinnis, author of Game Quest, Tom Hendricks, creator of the Zine Hall of Fame, and poet Frank Walsh.

The ULA launched its own independent press in 2006.

As of December 1, 2010, the Underground Literary Alliance appeared disbanded, with no viable webpage. Co-founder Steve Kostecke died in April 2011.

Guggenheim grant protest
In late 2000, the six founders of the ULA signed a protest against the $35,000 Guggenheim grant awarded to Rick Moody, an already-wealthy author.

Debate with George Plimpton & The Paris Review
In early 2001, the ULA held a press conference at CBGBs in New York City which was attended by George Plimpton, staffers at The Paris Review, and staffers of Open City magazine. The ULA debated with those who attended about what they perceive to be the irrelevancy and lack of integrity of the current realm of corporate/academia-sponsored literature.

KGB Crash
In early 2001, the ULA crashed a literati reading at KGB in New York City. The members present disrupted the reading with arguments about how literature has died under the current corporate system – and were then thrown out of the venue.

Firecracker Awards
Late 2001, the ULA protested against McSweeney's Quarterly Concern being awarded Best Zine of the Year by the Firecracker Alternative Books Award because they felt McSweeney’s did not fit an accepted definition of zine.

Perceived Cronyism in the Lit World
The ULA protested the 2002 National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) award of $20,000 to Jonathan Franzen, an already-wealthy author and highly publicized best-selling author of The Corrections. Rick Moody was on the NEA panel, and the ULA contested that this was an example of the literati insularly awarding each other.

Housing Works
In early 2003, members of the ULA were kicked out of a reading at Housing Works in New York City for requesting a discussion of issues, including a looming war. They stated that they were confronting the writers about what they saw as a lack of social or political relevancy to the stories being read that night.

Amazon.com & the New York Times Article
In early 2004, a glitch at Amazon.com revealed that Dave Eggers (of McSweeney’s and The Believer magazine) had posted an anonymous response to reviews he believed were posted by ULA members (as reported by the New York Times). David Eggers suggested that a series of negative reviews at amazon.com were the result of ULA members retaliating against an article about them in The Believer. As a policy, the ULA does nothing anonymously, and says the negative reviews were not posted by members of the ULA.

Howl Protest & the Associated Press Podcast
In April 2006, the ULA protested against the reading of Allen Ginsberg’s Howl at Miller Theater at Columbia University, which was hosted by elite literati and had no representation of the "underground", from which the Beat Generation had sprung. The AP covered the protest and reported on it by means of a podcast.

Peter Matthiessen and the CIA Connection
In January, 2007, the New York Times reported that Peter Matthiessen had been working for the CIA at the time of the founding of the Paris Review, and that for two years he used the magazine as his cover. This article publicized the fact first revealed by Matthiessen himself to author Frances Stonor Saunders in her 1999 book "The Cultural Cold War." The ULA also reported the connection between the CIA and Matthiessen, in May, 2005, in an article by Richard Cummings, who has described himself as "a member of the Association of Former Intelligence Officers, having served on the Board of the AFIO-New England chapter." The ULA article also went on to allege that The Paris Review exercised covert influence over the London Review of Books.

title: Underground Literary Alliance


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Old Man's Lake

Old Man's Lake, also known as Bilsland Lake, is a small lake near Magnetawan, in the Almaguin Highlands, Parry Sound District, Ontario, Canada. It is spring fed and hosts a handful of cottages. The lake drains over a small waterfall into Ahmic Lake.

Old Man's Lake received its name because, the story goes, the area once was divided into three large farms. Two farms were owned by two sons and the “Old Man” had the other. His house was on the east shore. The farm still exists today (although it is much smaller).

Ecology
Old Man's Lake has a diverse fish population including smallmouth bass and yellow perch.

title: Old Man's Lake


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Felipe Quispe

Felipe Quispe Huanca "Mallku" (Quechua language: "condor" ), (22 August 1942 – 19 January 2021) was a Bolivian historian and political leader. He headed the Pachakuti Indigenous Movement (MIP) and was general secretary of the United Union Confederation of Working Peasants of Bolivia (CSUTCB).

Biography
Quispe founded the Tupak Katari Indian Movement in 1979 and the Tupak Katari Guerrilla Army in 1990. His honorific name, Mallku, refers to the spirit of the mountains that surround and protect the People, and therefore is the source of life. "Mallku" means "peak" both in geography and in hierarchy.

In 1984, he was one of the leading organisers of the Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army, a failed armed insurrection against the government. Quispe was arrested for his involvement in the movement on August 19, 1992. Quispe has worked for the establishment of a Tawantinsuyu republic — which would take the name "Collasuyu" — in the Aymara-majority regions of Bolivia.

Quispe was a staunch opponent of the neoliberal Washington consensus, and was also strongly against U.S.-led schemes toward coca eradication, which he sees as destroying a critical part of Aymara culture. He was involved heavily in the Bolivian Gas War.

Quispe ran a failed campaign in the 2005 presidential elections, which saw the victory of indigenous Evo Morales, leader of MAS (Movimiento al socialismo). Quispe was a vocal critic of Morales' government, characterising it as representing "neoliberalism with an Indian face".

Quispe died on 19 January 2021 in El Alto from cardiac arrest.

title: Felipe Quispe


text: Category:Towns in Indonesia

title: Category:Towns in Indonesia


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Narayana

Narayana (नारायण, ) is one of the forms and epithets of Vishnu. In this form, the deity is depicted in yogic slumber under the celestial waters, symbolising the masculine principle and associated with his role of creation. He is also known as Purushottama, and is considered the Supreme Being in Vaishnavism.

Etymology
Narayan Aiyangar states the meaning of the Sanskrit word 'Narayana' can be traced back to the Laws of Manu (also known as the Manusmriti, a Dharmaśāstra text), which states:

"The waters are called narah, (for) the waters are, indeed, the offspring of Nara; as they were his first residence (ayana), he thence is named Narayana."

This definition is used throughout post-Vedic literature such as the Mahabharata and the Vishnu Purana. 'Narayana' is also defined as the 'son of the primeval man', and 'Supreme Being who is the foundation of all men'.

 * 'Nara' (Sanskrit नार) means 'water' and 'man'
 * 'Yana' (Sanskrit यान) means 'vehicle', 'vessel', or more loosely, 'abode' or 'home'

L. B. Keny proposes that Narayana was associated with the Dravidian, and ultimately, the Indus Valley Civilisation, prior to his syncretism with Vishnu. To this end, he states that the etymology of the deity is associated with the Dravidian nara, meaning ‘water’, ay, which in Tamil means "to lie in a place", and an, which is the masculine termination in Dravidian languages. He asserts that this is also the reason why Narayana is represented as lying on a serpent in the sea. He quotes, "This Nārāyana of the Āryan pantheon seems to be the supreme being of the Mohenjo-Darians, a god who was probably styled Ān, a name still kept in Tamil literature as Āndivanam, the prototype of the historic Siva".

Description
In the Vedas and the Puranas, Narayana is described as having the divine blackish-blue color of water-filled clouds, four-armed, holding a Padma (lotus), Kaumodaki gada (mace), Panchajanya shankha (conch), and Sudarshana chakra (discus).

Hinduism

As stated in the epic Itihāsa, the Mahabharata:

"I am Narayana, the Source of all things, the Eternal, the Unchangeable. I am the Creator of all things, and the Destroyer also of all. I am Vishnu, I am Brahma and I am Shankara, the chief of the gods. I am king Vaisravana, and I am Yama, the lord of the deceased spirits. I am Siva, I am Soma, and I am Kasyapa the lord of the created things. And, O best of regenerate ones, I am he called Dhatri, and he also that is called Vidhatri, and I am Sacrifice embodied. Fire is my mouth, the earth my feet, and the Sun and the Moon are my eyes; the Heaven is the crown of my head, the firmament and the cardinal points are my ears; the waters are born of my sweat. Space with the cardinal points are my body, and the Air is my mind...

...And, O Brahmana, whatever is obtained by men by the practice of truth, charity, ascetic austerities, and peace and harmlessness towards all creatures, and such other handsome deeds, is obtained because of my arrangements. Governed by my ordinance, men wander within my body, their senses overwhelmed by me. They move not according to their will but as they are moved by me."

As per texts like the Vishnu Purana, Bhagavata Purana, Garuda Purana, and the Padma Purana, Narayana is Vishnu himself, who incarnates in various avatars.

According to the Bhagavad Gita, he is also the "Guru of the Universe". The Bhagavata Purana declares Narayana as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who engages in the creation of 14 worlds within the universe Brahma who is Deity of rajas-guna, himself sustains, maintains and preserves the universe as Vishnu by accepting sattva-guna. Narayana himself annihilates the universe at the end of Maha-Kalpa as Kalagni Rudra who is presiding deity of tamas-guna.

According to the Bhagavata Purana, Purusha Sukta, Narayana Sukta, and the Narayana Upanishad from the Vedas, he is the ultimate soul.

According to Madhvacharya, Narayana is one of the five vyuhas of Vishnu, which are cosmic emanations of God, in contrast to his incarnate avatars. Madhvacharya separates Vishnu's manifestations into two groups: Vishnu's vyuhas (emanations) and His avataras (incarnations). The Vyuhas have their basis in the Pancharatras, a sectarian text that was accepted as authoritative by both the Vishishtadvaita and Dvaita schools of Vedanta. They are mechanisms by which the universe is ordered, was created, and evolves. Narayana possesses the chatur-vyuha aspects of Vasudeva, Sankarshana, Pradyumna, and Aniruddha, who evolve one after the other in the development of the universe. In the Mahabharata, Krishna is also synonymous with Narayana and Arjuna is referred to as Nara. The epic identifies them both in plural 'Krishnas', or as part incarnations of the earlier incarnations of Vishnu, recalling their mystical identity as Nara-Narayana.

Narayana (as Krishna) is also described in the Bhagavad Gita as having a universal form (Vishvarupa) which is beyond the ordinary limits of human perception or imagination.

In the Narayana Sukta, Narayana is essentially the supreme force and/or essence of all:  'Nārāyaṇa parabrahman tatvam Nārāyaṇa paraha'.

Narayana's eternal and supreme abode beyond the material universe is Vaikuntha, a realm of bliss and happiness called Paramapada, which means the final or highest place for liberated souls, where they enjoy bliss and happiness for eternity in the company of the supreme lord. Vaikuntha is situated beyond the material universe and hence, cannot be perceived or measured by material science or logic. Sometimes, Kshira Sagara, where Narayana or Vishnu rests on Shesha in his reclining ananta shayana form, is also perceived as Vaikuntha within the material universe.

The Śruti texts mention Narayana as the primordial being who was present even when Brahma and Ishana (Shiva) were not present. He is conceived as the Supreme Soul in the texts.

Buddhism
The Mahāsamaya Sutta (DN 20) of the Pali Canon mentions a deity by the name Veṇhu (Sanskrit: Viṣṇu), though the text suggests that this name may also signify a class of deva. He also appears in the Veṇḍu Sutta (SN 2.12) as Veṇḍu where he addresses Gautama Buddha by celebrating the joy experienced by those who follow the Dhamma. He also makes brief mention of Manu.

Mahayana Buddhism elaborates on the character of this deity, where is often called Nārāyaṇa or more rarely, Narasiṃha (納拉辛哈) and Vāsudeva (婆藪天). Literature often depicts him as a Vajradhara (金剛力士). He is present in the Womb Realm Mandala and is among the twelve guardian devas of the Diamond Realm Mandala. He is associated with Śrāvaṇa in esoteric astrology. His queen consort is Nārāyaṇī. He is said to have been born from Avalokiteśvara's heart. The Buddhas are sometimes described as having a firm body like Nārāyaṇa.

The Yogācārabhūmi Śāstra describes him as having three faces with a greenish-yellow complexion. He holds a wheel in his right hand and rides upon a garuḍa. Chapter 6 of the Yiqiejing Yinyi explains that he belongs to the Kāmadhātu and is veneration for the acquisition of power. Chapter 41 adds that he has eight arms that wield various "Dharma weapons" (dharmayuda) with which he subjugates the asuras.

He appears as an interlocutor in several Mahayana sutras, including the Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra, Sarvapuṇyasamuccayasamādhi Sūtra and the Nārāyaṇaparipṛcchā Dhāraṇī.

He is also mentioned in several places in the Lalitavistara Sūtra, one of the Sutras that describe the life of Gautama Buddha. It is said that The Buddha "is endowed with the great strength of Nārāyaṇa, he is called the great Nārāyaṇa himself."

The Chinese Manichaean manuscript Moni Guangfo, a syncretic religious text incorporating both Buddhist and Manichaean elements, considers Narayana to be one of the Five Buddhas, with the other buddhas being Zoroaster, Śākyamuni, Jesus, and Mani.

Jainism
Balabhadra and Narayana are mighty half-brothers, who appear nine times in each half of the time cycles of the Jain cosmology and jointly rule half the earth as half-chakravarti. Ultimately Prati-naryana is killed by Narayana for his unrighteousness and immorality. Narayana are extremely powerful and are as powerful as 2 Balabhadras. Chakravartins are as powerful as 2 Narayanas. Hence Narayanas become half-chakravartins. Tirthankaras are much more powerful than Chakravartins. In Jain Mahabharata, there is a friendly duel between cousin brothers Neminatha (Tirthankara) and Krishna (Naryana) in which Neminath lost to Krishna without any effort at all. There is also a story of Neminatha lifting the conch of Krishna and blowing it without any effort. In the Jain Mahabharata, the conflict between Krishna and Jarasandha is described, who is killed by Krishna.

Literature
Narayana is hailed in certain parts of the Vedas like the Narayana Suktam and the Vishnu Suktam. He is also hailed in selective Vaishnava Upanishads like the Narayana Upanishad, Mahanarayana Upanishad, and the Nrisimha Tapaniya Upanishad.

The Padma Purana relates an episode where Narayana grants Rudra (Shiva) a boon. The destroyer deity seeks two boons. Firstly, he wishes to be the greatest of the devotees of Narayana, as well as bearing the reputation of the same throughout the world. Secondly, he desires the ability to offer salvation to whoever seeks refuge in him.

The prowess of Narayana is described in the Ramayana:

"Narayana, like unto a luminous cloud, with his excellent shafts loosed from His bow, as so many lightning strokes, exterminated those rangers of the night with their hair dishevelled and streaming in the wind. Their parasols broken, their rich apparel torn by the shafts, their entrails ripped open, their eyes wide with fear, those warriors, throwing away their arms, fell into a frenzy of terror. Resembling elephants attacked by a lion, those night-rangers with their mounts emitted cries whilst fleeing from that Primeval Lion [i.e., Vishnu’s incarnation as Nrsimha—half man, half lion], who pursued them."

Ramanuja's prayer of surrender to Narayana in the Sharanagati Gadyam of the Tiruvaymoli was and is significant to his Sri Vaishnava adherents, as it became a model prayer for future generations. In this prayer, Ramanuja describes Narayana to be the "beloved consort of Sri and of Bhumi and Nila". He is stated to reside in his abode of Vaikuntha, where he assumes the role of the creation, preservation, as well as the destruction of the universe. Narayana is extolled to be the same as the Ultimate Reality, Brahman. He is regarded to be the refuge of all creation, the master of spiritual as well as material entities, as well as the dispeller of the miseries of his devotees. He ends his prayer by saluting Narayana and his consort Sri, to whom he surrenders to his "lotus-like feet".

title: Narayana


text:
Child's Play (charity)

Child's Play is a charitable organization that donates toys and games to children's hospitals worldwide. It was founded in 2003 by Mike Krahulik and Jerry Holkins, authors of the popular video games-related webcomic Penny Arcade. The charity is seen as a way to refute mainstream media's perception of gamers as violent and antisocial. As of 2022, Child's Play had processed over $55,147,529.24 in donations since its inception.

Logistics
With the help of hospital staff, Child's Play sets up gift wishlists on Amazon.com, full of video games, books, toys and movies. These wishlists send items directly to the facilities as in-kind donations. Instead of buying items off the wishlists users can donate money through PayPal or check. This money is used to make annual wholesale purchases to provide technology like iPads and Xbox systems as well as games and movies.

The charity also has a space for corporate sponsors who have donated. The sponsors also earn a corporate sponsorship level (Silver, Gold and Platinum) and get linked back on Childsplaycharity.org. These sponsors include several video game marathons such as the Mario Marathon and Desert Bus for Hope, as well as YouTube series such as Far Lands or Bust by Kurtjmac.

History

Child's Play was announced on November 24, 2003, by the authors of Penny Arcade as a challenge to their readership, and as a response to the often negative portrayal of video gamers in the media, most notably a HeraldNet article by Bill France entitled "Violent video games are training children to kill." (France later made an apology in the same column, praising the effort. ) It received positive press on many popular weblogs, including Slashdot and received direct endorsement from Wil Wheaton. In less than one month of publicity and operation, the charity raised over $250,000 in cash and toys for the Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center in Seattle, Washington.

In 2004, the charity was expanded and partnered with children's hospitals in Seattle; Oakland, California; San Diego, California; Houston, Texas; and Washington, D.C.

By January 5, 2005, when the final numbers for 2004 were tabulated, the charity had raised over $310,000 ($60,000 more than the previous year), and gained forty corporate sponsors in the process. Among these sponsors were Nintendo, Midway Games, Cerulean Studios, and THQ.

In 2005, the charity was again expanded to partner with an additional seven children's hospitals across the United States, as well as children's hospitals in Toronto and Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is also partnered with Alder Hey Children's Hospital in Liverpool, England. At the time when they stopped accepting donations, the community had raised $605,000. There was an auction to appear in a Penny Arcade comic strip at the 2005 Child's Play Charity Dinner. The winning bid of $20,000 was placed by Christian Boggs. Mr. Boggs also placed the winning bid on an original pencil sketch of the PAX 2005 program cover on eBay. 100% of the profits went to the American Red Cross.

In 2006, the charity was further expanded, adding four hospitals in the United States, two in Australia, and one in Egypt. In addition to this, on December 13, 2006 there was a charity dinner and auction, where items participants were able to bid on included a gaming day for four in the Penny Arcade office, an appearance in a Penny Arcade strip, a tour of Bungie and recording session for the voice of a character in Halo 3, and a two-year subscription to World of Warcraft and the Burning Crusade special edition signed by all the developers. The year 2006 also became the first time that the 1 million dollar mark was reached.

In 2007, the charity added a hospital each in Hawaii and New Zealand.

During the 2008 Penny Arcade Expo, Harmonix announced that three songs from the Expo will be made available for download for the Rock Band video game. The proceeds of these three songs will go to the charity.

On November 13, 2009, Mike Krahulik announced that after one week, the Child's Play 2009 total had already reached $455,863.80.

In 2010, Epic Games held a vote-by-purchase event between July 29 and September 6 to determine the fate of a character, Clayton Carmine, in their upcoming game Gears of War 3. Gamers voted by purchasing Xbox avatar T-shirts through Xbox live, or real life T-shirts at the San Diego Comic-Con, with all purchases counting towards the vote. The voting campaign raised over $150,000, all of which was donated to Child's Play.

In 2011, Mike Krahulik announced the first annual Child's Play Invitational Golf Tournament to be held at the Brookside Golf Course in Pasadena, California on June 5, 2011. All proceeds from the event go to the partner hospitals & facilities in the Child's Play network. The Golf Tournament was subsequently held at Angeles National Golf Course in Sunland, California, on June 8, 2012, and Inglewood Golf Club in Kenmore, Washington, on May 20, 2013.

In November 2013, Program Coordinator Jamie Dillion announced the first ever expansion of Child's Play to benefit children in domestic violence facilities. The program was announced as a pilot and is scheduled to expand to open applications in Spring 2014. The shelter program will provide a pre-built game cart with game system, television, and games and will serve emergency shelters, long term shelters, advocacy centers and more.

In 2016, the charity raised over $160k at their Annual Dinner Auction, provided nearly 30 grants to libraries, shelters, schools, trauma centers, transitional housing, day programs and more to help them purchase games and systems. Also helped supply VR setups to hospitals for therapy and distraction along with iPads to special education classrooms and inpatient psychiatric units.

title: Child's Play (charity)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Spinoza's Coat

Spinoza's Coat was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. 4 votes to delete, 1 vote to keep. Postdlf 03:27, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Spinoza's Coat
It's a local club. -- WOT 18:36, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * The coat story, if true (philosophy is yet another thing I don't know much about), is worth parking elsewhere. But the actual subject is a supper club; those things can be wonderful, mind you. Delete.. — Bill 22:03, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Deletejericho4.0 23:04, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. Philosophy is cool, and I participate in such groups, but they're everywhere. --Improv 17:48, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Don't Delete. I have searched far and wide, and have not run into any philosophy groups that have been meeting every Tuesday for almost 4 years. If there are other philosophy groups that study philosophy in such a way and are non-academic, let me know, and I'll create a philosophy group article instead. -- Barce
 * In Pittsburgh, there's a Socrates Cafe group that meets every .. monday, I think, and has done so for several years. If you find groups that meet on tuesdays to be more significant, I don't know what to say :) I was also in a group in Columbus that met every Wednesday, I think, for a few years, but it fell apart not so long ago. --Improv 14:17, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Ed Poor

Ed Poor
I'd like to be a bureaucrat. I am a developer and used to be just about the only one who did sysop promotion. I think I'm good enough at detecting consensus to be trusted with the "promote" button. --Uncle Ed 18:13, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Support. I think Ed has established a reputation for himself as being very fair. →Raul654 18:21, Feb 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Support; long-time admin I trust. --Delirium 22:39, Feb 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * Support... ugen64 04:13, Feb 21, 2004 (UTC) (I changed the tally, is that what I'm supposed to do?)
 * Support. We trust Ed enough to give him access to the code; certainly we can trust him with bureaucrat status. I'm even more convinced of this than I was earlier after reading this discussion. Metasquares 19:18, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support Decumanus 22:34, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. If Ed already has access to the database it makes sense to formalise the rights that he already effectively has. He could create sysops any time he likes (not that I think he has done this) but it can only be a good thing if his sysop-creation rights are exercised in a transparent way. That way we can all keep an eye on what he's up to. ;-) -- ChrisO 09:49, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support, a formality really. Fuzheado 11:01, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. I trust Ed more than any other Wikipedian. --cprompt 18:10, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Ditto. Support. Nico 20:49, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. 172 01:48, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. On paper we should be hate each other but Ed isn't actually hateable. He has a great deal of self reflection which is commendable. If he does something rash I know he will regret it and beat himself up over it. Secretlondon 17:49, Feb 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. Anthony DiPierro 18:29, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. Hopefully we will get a chance to elect bureaucrats in future. Warofdreams 18:32, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. The decisions of a bureaucrat will be transparent anyway -- if they don't promote someone who is obviously supported, there will be unrest. :-)  I say that as a general argument: certainly I trust Ed's judgment even if it was not transparent. Jwrosenzweig 18:44, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. Ed is a real good guy and excellent Wikipedian that is able to admit when he is wrong. I don't think that he will promote any users that should not be. --mav 23:40, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support, of course. Danny 02:41, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. --Jiang
 * Support. jengod 01:05, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. I commend Ed for taking the initiative to make bureaucrat status subject to a vote. However, it's a little confusing to see it listed as a request for adminship. We either need a separate section for this, or a separate page. --Michael Snow 01:10, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Disagree strongly. As I've said three times in the last hour, Wikipedia already has a lot of pages that require maintenence, and the last thing we need is another. There are going to be very, very few requests for beuracratic status, so (for the few we do get) this page would suit us just fine. →Raul654 01:16, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: as a Developer, I could promote myself with a SET user_rights = "bureaucrat" query, but I'm not going to do that. I ain't no stinkin' unilateralist, man! I go with the flow, seeking that perfect balance between wave and board so eloquently promoted by my sock puppet, er, alter ego, "Surfer Dude". --Uncle Ed 19:35, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Refusing to act? Spoken like a true bureaucrat. Refusing to act unilaterally. Spoken like a true Wikipedia bureaucrat. Support, and thank you Ed for taking this task on board, alongside the mailing list administration and the tireless article mediation you've done for so well for a long time now. Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 14:41, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually, that query would make you only a bureaucrat, which is probably not what you want. Pakaran. 10:05, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Oppose, how do we know that if he runs the promomtion query granting him those powers, that he won't abuse his new powers? Perhaps the reason he is asking to be invited to run the query to grant himself the powers is the same reason vampires need to be invited to enter a house (which I however never quite understood)... Ok, just joking. Support. Κσυπ Cyp    14:10, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. I really respect Ed for holding some strong, minority points of view without getting in revert wars over them, not to mention for managing to calm down Gdansk.  Pakaran. 14:22, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * I would support Ed Poor personally, but since I am a member of the Mediation Committee, count me as neutral. -- Cimon Avaro on a pogostick 14:54, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. -- Infrogmation 15:13, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. -- Arwel 18:51, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. theresa knott 20:13, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support RickK 04:13, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. -- Ams80 20:29, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support. Kingturtle 00:47, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Support, of course. And this request is really unnecessary. I made myself a bureaucrat as soon as that flag became available. If Ed was previously trusted to make sysops, I don't see why he shouldn't be trusted now. Bureaucrats cannot desysop users, anyway, so the worst "unilateral action" Ed can take is make someone a sysop who shouldn't be. Big whoop.—Eloquence 02:10, Feb 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes, it is a big whoop, especially given the recent troubles Wikipedia has had with inappropriate sysop behavior. -- Seth Ilys 18:18, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * I likewise find such mirthful scoffings at the misconduct of ones peers, and dismisal of the complaints of ones subordinates to be yet another sign of the wiki's rapid decent into oligarchy. Sam Spade 20:45, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Oppose. Just days ago he asked to be desysopped, and I'm still waiting for that. --Wik 18:22, Feb 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Wik, assuming you mean that seriously, I think I should tell you that (as best I can tell) Ed was being sarcastic about the desysopping. →Raul654 23:44, Feb 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Probably, but he should have been serious. He violated the rules, and should be temporarily desysopped for it. --Wik 23:47, Feb 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * I have to oppose. This user has assumed the worst about me (going so far as to publically suggest I am a banned user) and has variously failed to strike me as someone with an astute appraisel of others. Sam Spade 18:36, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * No, I just suspected you were a "sock puppet". (If you're Jack Lynch, then I'm right.) If I thought you were using a sock puppet to evade a ban, I would have contacted Brion or Tim privately.
 * Actually, you accused me of perhaps being EoT . I notice it is hard to keep track of your mistaken allegations, but this one at least will be mentioned here. Your insinuation that I might utilize a sock puppet is similarilly a poor example of your assesment of charector. The multiple accusations against me have caused me to develop a less than favorable opinion of you (one that incidentilly I am striving to shed, as I DO see you as a good admin.) I just don't think this is the right timing nor circumstance for a promotion. Sam Spade 02:45, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Ed, this user was previously User:JackLynch. He asked to have his username changed, and Tim did so. The confusion results from the fact that Jack/Sam doesn't like other people pointing out that User:JackLynch is now User:Sam Spade, as I'm now doing. - snoyes 22:35, 18 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks, kinda :p Sam Spade 02:36, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * 15 to 2 is a good as you could hope with a group that large. Consensus ≠ unanimous. I say make yourself a bureaucrat. →Raul654 20:20, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)

 * Support/Oppose, depending. I'm afraid I agree with some of what Sam/Jack said, that Ed is a hasty and judgmental appraiser of behavior. I also agree that he is good spirited. To the extent people express their feelings clearly, and to the extent the exact degree of concensus necessary for promotion to syshophood is clear, then I trust that Ed knows how to count, is honest, and will respect what he perceives to be the wishes of the community. But I don't consider him either an astute judge of nuances or a master of restraint. I'd like to know better what the job entails before I either support or oppose.168...|...Talk 20:26, 19 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Your description of my character is spot-on, Mr. 24x7! I admit to having been hasty, judgmental and no master of restraint. I'm hoping my awareness of these character flaws will enable me to keep them in check. I did list myself at [], in part because I realized I had crossed a line with Wik; I really want this to be a community where we all work together harmoniously. --Uncle Ed 20:41, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Oppose because of the unilateral ban of Wik less than 7 days before this and the writing above saying he isn't a unilateralist, suggesting a lack of recognition of his own tendency to act in haste. Also because he continues to advocate unilateral banning on the mailing list. Ed, please at least be consistent in your opposition to unilateralism, through your deeds as well as your words in all places, not just this page. Once you are, I'll support this. Until then, I don't think you're recognising how you really act. Jamesday 01:58, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * See --Uncle Ed 20:52, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Although it's not specifically stated, I believe that we should wait the full week for bureaucrat nominations, just as with adminship -- especially when someone is self-nominated. I oppose until 18:13 UTC on 25 February 2004, at which time my vote becomes support. -- Seth Ilys 00:08, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * It is specifically stated. 7 days. Kingturtle 00:47, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * It's specifically stated for adminship, not bureaucratship. I'm not trying to cause trouble, but we really should do things properly. My vote was specifically in response to Raul's comment suggesting Ed go ahead and give himself the status before the vote was concluded. The community should probably also vote on Eloquence's bureaucratship. - Seth Ilys 18:18, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Oppose, for the same reasons as Sam Spade, Wik and Jamesday; Ed has shown himself to be a hasty judge of character, and has acted without the consensus of the Wikipedia. I also have to disagree with Eloquence, in that a rogue Admin can do a lot of damage to Wikipedia's content and reputation.  The democratic election of admins and bureaucrats on Wikipedia is not something to be taken lightly. - DropDeadGorgias 19:06, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Ed and Erik are developers. There is no need to vote on either of them. They can make sysops at will by directly writing the database. All a bureaucrat flag does is enable them to do it through a proper interface rather than having to mess around with memcached as they used to have to do. Opposing it makes no sense. These people already the ability to do these things. What is there to vote on? Angela. 21:30, Feb 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * I suppose you have to go through all of this paperwork and meaningless arguments to prove that you're up for the "bureaucracy". I suppose my main complaint with this nomination discussion was the quick dismissal of a democratic solution.  I agree with you that this discusison is a farce though- I assume that Ed will merely take Eloquence's route out.  - DropDeadGorgias 22:33, Feb 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * No, I won't. I'm quite serious about what Jimbo said (and what Wik and others also want): that admins should not be unilateralists. I can ssh my way into the database and do anything, but I won't. We ALL should follow an orderly, agreed-upon process. --Uncle Ed 13:31, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Between 4 and 8 voters felt this vote was unnecessary, since (like Eloquence) I could simply have made myself a bureaucrat. But upon reflection I decided that there has been too much unilateral action around here. This community should adopt clear and reasonable rules, which we all follow (including me!) --Uncle Ed 15:00, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for all your support, everybody. And to the 4 who oppose, I promise I will merit your trust, too. At this point, some developer other than me should certify the results of the tally and take any warranted action. --Uncle Ed 17:01, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Tally: 28 support, 4 oppose, 2 neutral -- Tally ends on 18:13, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Infrogmation

Infrogmation
I've been a contributor to Wikipedia since September of 2002, and was granted admin status (without asking for it first) in February of 2003. I hang around Wikipedia a good deal and try to be helpful and useful. I request bureaucrat status. -- Infrogmation 17:39, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Support
 * 1) Decumanus 22:32, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) Michael Snow 00:51, 22 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Support, fine sir. Kingturtle 10:29, 22 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) Stan 17:56, 22 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Fuzheado 10:59, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Uncle Ed 14:27, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 7) cprompt 03:11, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) Secretlondon 17:45, Feb 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * 9) RickK 04:13, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 10) Jiang
 * 11) 172 02:40, 26 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Tally: 11 support, 0 -- ended 17:39, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Kingturtle

Kingturtle
I too would like to be a bureaucrat. I have been an admin for about nine months. Although I have strong (and sometimes unpopular) opinions, I am very careful how I utilize my admin powers; I consider my admin actions fair and in good wiki-spirit. I take my responsibilities as admin very seriously. I live best I can to the parting words of Larry Sanger, and of all the articles I've written I am most proud of Abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz. Kingturtle 04:38, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC) Tally: 15 support (plus those supporting "all sysops" in the above category), 0 oppose -- ends 04:38, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) Support. Uncle Ed 13:25, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) Support. →Raul654 16:51, Feb 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Support. theresa knott 19:43, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) Support. jengod 22:29, Feb 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Support Decumanus 22:32, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Support. Michael Snow 00:51, 22 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 7) Support. Stan 17:56, 22 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) Support. Fuzheado 10:58, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 9) Support. Infrogmation 18:19, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 10) Support. 172 01:48, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 11) Support. cprompt 03:12, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 12) Support. RickK 04:13, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 13) Support. Jiang
 * 14) Support. Kaihsu 18:45, 2004 Feb 26 (UTC)
 * 15) Support. Wenteng 09:42, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Optim

Optim
I think it may be useful to be able grant adminship in the Greek Wikipedia (el:) in the future without bothering a developer. Hopefully I can be more useful as a bureaucrat. Optim 04:26, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Support:
 * 1) Fuzheado 11:01, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) Secretlondon 17:44, Feb 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Jiang
 * 4) Not wanting to bother others is a good trait. You are my role model, Optim. --Uncle Ed 18:25, 26 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Of course. Dori | Talk 16:36, Feb 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Danny 19:43, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 7) Easy call, he is doubleplusgood. :) Sam Spade 21:19, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) cprompt 08:28, 29 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 9) Υποστήριξη (if that was translated correctly...) Κσυπ Cyp     15:29, 29 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 10) *Correct translation! :)
 * 11) Support. →Raul654 17:58, Feb 29, 2004 (UTC)

Tally: 9 support, 0 oppose -- ended 11:01, 01 Mar 2004 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Pakaran

Pakaran
I've been a sysop here for several months, and was one of the bureaucrats on meta for the 20 or so hours when that meant anything. I doubt I'd be promoting that many people with so many users of far greater insomnia abilities beating me to it, but I'd like to request bureaucrat status so that I can help out if it ever becomes necessary. Pakaran. 10:08, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Support:
 * 1) Fuzheado 11:01, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) Michael Snow 22:23, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) I think that Pakaran would make a great bureaucrat. Metasquares 13:09, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) Secretlondon 17:47, Feb 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) RickK 04:13, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Support strongly! One of the best sysops, very low-key but highly responsible. Provided the spark that made me decide to request bureaucrat rights rather than surreptiously assign them to myself. (If you can't decide between me and him, pick him!) --Uncle Ed 16:05, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 7) You mean I have to choose? ;-) Support. --cprompt 18:58, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) Jiang
 * 9) Dysprosia 20:19, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 10) Jwrosenzweig 00:56, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 11) Fennec 16:02, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 12) Dori | Talk 16:36, Feb 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * 13) →Raul654 17:58, Feb 29, 2004 (UTC)

Opposed:
 * 1) Uncivil. --Wik 19:21, Feb 25, 2004 (UTC)

Tally: 12 support, 1 oppose -- ended 10:08, 01 Mar 2004 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Cprompt

cprompt
I've been a sysop here for quite a while, and somewhat recently on the Simple English Wikipedia. I believe in the philosophy that being a sysop is "no big deal", and requests should only be denied if the community fears that a user will abuse the few powers given to sysops. I'm not a fan of sysops taking unilateral action, and I do not think that I have ever abused my awesome sysop powers. cprompt 18:16, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Support:
 * 1) Lirath Q. Pynnor
 * 2) It's all about trust, and I certainly think that cprompt is trustworthy enough to use the power that comes with bureaucracy responsibly. Metasquares 13:05, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Perl 23:37, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) RickK 04:07, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Trustworthy, and has gained Lir's trust. --Uncle Ed 15:58, 25 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Support. --Jiang
 * 7) Support. Meelar 01:12, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) Support. Crackshoe 17:40, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC) (This is a sock puppet account →Raul654)
 * No, it's a friend of mine who I've introduced to Wikipedia today. Disregard the vote if newbies don't count. --cprompt 19:31, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) **I'm not a sock puppet, and i've started entry on Slick Idiot and added a Misfits filmography. It just took me a few hours before i had time to start editing. Crackshoe 21:40, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) *I apologize for labelling you a socket puppet, but under the circumstances, it was a reasonable thing to think. Please do not be discouraged, I meant you no offense. →Raul654 21:47, Feb 28, 2004 (UTC)

Oppose:
 * 1) Oppose. Prone to making unfair accusations 172 02:56, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Tally: 8 support, 0 oppose -- ends 18:16, 01 Mar 2004 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Ugen64

ugen64
I would like to request my bureaucratship. I have (hopefully) avoided annoying most of you, and... I guess that's it. ugen64 15:19, Mar 7, 2004 (UTC)

Support:
 * 1) Jwrosenzweig 16:40, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) sure. Perl 21:39, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) Rock on, dude! jengod 00:28, Mar 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) Not a blemish on his record, really. I think once he said something inflamatory to an anonymous user, but he removed the comment less than a minute later. No signs of abusive behavior. So calm infact, that he has only 2 out of 2000 edit summaries that contain exclamation marks. Kingturtle 23:31, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Hephaestos|§ 23:46, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Cyan 16:52, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Oppose Support (belatedly):
 * 1) Who is this guy? Only been here 3 months. I think you have to be better known in the community to take charge of promoting contributors to admin. --Uncle Ed 20:00, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * Ed, I am unsure what you're talking about. Ugen has been registered since 13 Mar 2003 and a regular user since mid-October 2003. I think that is plenty of time for him to be part of the community. Kingturtle 23:31, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * I think he saw: "Hi, I'm ugen64, a sysop since December 14, 2003." and thought it meant that I had been here since December... ugen64 00:30, Mar 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * *blush* That's exactly right! I guess I better change my vote before... Oops! I really have to start staying up later -- anyway, welcome to the bureaucracy! :-) --Uncle Ed 21:39, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Dinghy

I disagree with the definition given in this page. Definition of a dinghy as tender to larger boat (ship) is okay. Other definitions are an open, undecked boat, a rowing boat, or smallest boat of a ship. Modern usage of dinghy as one-design racing classes also okay. No definition at wiktionary. Amgine 18:38, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Whaleboats, Whitehalls, and Dories are not generally taken to be dinghies! While there are larger craft that serve as tenders and lifeboats for large vessels (e.g. yawl-boats are used as powered push boats for engineless schooners on the coast of Maine), a dinghy is usually under 12 feet in length so that it can be pulled aboard by one person. Eight feet LOA is very common. Whaleboats, Whitehalls, and Dories weigh well over 400 pounds and are properly classed as 'small craft', not 'dinghies'. Also, IMO the article has too much information that is related to boating in general and not specifically to dinghies.--Kbk 16:56, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

The reference at "Pram" to "Pram (ship)" should be removed. It's not applicable and is even confusing. Since there is no article "Pram (small boat)", it would, perhaps, be better to have no reference, at all. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 32.135.230.116 (talk) 00:10, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

Dinghy use in different nations
I think this was mainly written from a UK perspective. In New Zealand a dinghy is a small rowing boat-more often than not a plywood(for lightness and cheapness) or fibreglass,plastic pram dinghy about 8 or 10 feet long.It is not commonly a term used for sail boats apart from UK migrants. Sailboats are called just that or else by their class name eg Cherub, Moth ,Optimist etc. Rubber/plastic blow up boats are not called dinghies but inflatables.A dinghy is mainly an oar powered boat that can have an outboard. There are few larger oar powered craft in use-some dories but they are not dinghies. Traditional pulling style boats are as rare as hens teeth.90% of the pram dinghies in NZ are v or arc bottom designs of ply because they are far more seaworthy than any flat bottom boat. They also tow very well provided the tow eye is positioned low enough in the bow. The tow rope needs to be adjusted according to the speed of the mothercraft and the following wake wave. I should add that there are still naval whalers and old time whale chaseboats that are dragged out sometime for an outing but it has to be a big occaision as a whaleboat need a dozen or more fit strong rowers who know what they are doing.1%. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.58.189.177 (talk) 08:52, 16 May 2012 (UTC)

I don't know for certain but I'd be dubious about this being UK specific. It does not seem to correspond to the current use of the word, which basically boils down to two different definitions: an inflatable dinghy used as a rowing boat or with an outboard (often used as a yacht tender); or a sailing dinghy. OK the first definition is recursive, but a small, fully-inflatable open boat that can be rowed or has an outboard would I guess be valid. A sailing dinghy is quite different - the description given on the Dinghy_sailing page is valid. Those boats can be somewhat bigger (something like a Wayfarer is 4.8m) and no serious one is inflatable. However, they remain basically open boats with no keels - something with a keel and even a small cabin is in UK terms a Keelboat. My guess is that either the originator has confused dinghy with rowing boat, or the terminology has changed over the years and this is an old definition. Alternatively the description is from yet another country - like the US? --JForrest (talk) 13:05, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

 * I agree that a dinghy is more than just a boat that is towed or carried from a larger vessel. The definition does have a modifier of "often" carried or towed in the opening sentence, so for me, the definition currently written is still valid and represents what I learned from other sailors when growing up in the sailing community. Buthsop (talk) 15:44, 10 June 2012 (UTC)

 * Maybe but basically you have several conflicting definitions. For example, the description of how sails are used with dinghies is nonsensical if the dinghy are sailing dinghies! For proper sailing dinghies, you'd expect either a single sail (something like a laser or pico) or a full Bermuda rig. It only makes sense for "very small open boat". --JForrest (talk) 14:19, 12 June 2012 (UTC)

 * In the first paragraph "The term can also refer to small racing yachts or recreational open sailing boats." and links to those pages.  Those links cover the use of "dinghy" for the boats which are used for other purposes besides being a tender.  So for descriptions relating to the racing dinghies, those other pages should handle that text.

 * Now the point you are making, this page and definition does have issues and conflicting statements further down on the page, such as the Gunter certainly is not the most commonly used sail rig on dinghies, if you go by the numbers of dinghies. There are over 200,000 Lasers already, next most popular is (I think) the Sunfish and they use a Bermuda (without a jib) and Lateen.  If the language was changed to "frequently" or "commonly", something of that nature that gives a more general impression, that would be an improvement to the definition.  Buthsop (talk) 15:50, 12 June 2012 (UTC)

Capital
Dinghy How do I capitalize the T in "ten horsepower" in 10 hp/m 10 hp/m Peter Horn User talk 22:09, 21 December 2020 (UTC)
 * 10 hp/m 10 hp/m Eureka! Peter Horn User talk 22:18, 21 December 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dinghy


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for bureaucratship/Cimon avaro

Cimon avaro
(11/3/2) ends 17:45, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC) I have made an accommodation between my administratorial responsibilities and my aspiration to enjoy editing here "just for fun". I am requesting bureaucrat (I can too spell it - if I crib) status for the account User:Cimon avaro only. -- Cimon avaro 17:37, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)

Support:
 * 1) -- Infrogmation 18:11, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)~
 * 2) - →Raul654 18:12, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) - since the day I arrived, Cimon has been a positive guide for me here, and a model of what a Wikipedia admin ought to be. Jwrosenzweig 18:56, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) - Meelar 20:09, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) - Cimon would never syosop anyone inappropriately, and that's all this poll is about. --Uncle Ed 20:21, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Hephaestos|§ 23:46, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 7) Support. Why is there this inflammatory discussion about "for the account Cimon avaro only?" I think that it's good judgment for him to use only one account to edit, and another to administrate... ugen64 00:34, Mar 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * 8) support. Perl 01:38, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 9) cprompt 02:03, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 10) Support. Elf-friend 18:33, 16 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 11) But please consider ending your use of User:J-V Heiskanen. Multiple accounts are a bad idea, I think. Kingturtle 05:58, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Oppose:
 * 1) Has demonstrated bad judgement and incoherence. And what does "for the account User:Cimon avaro only" mean? How many accounts do you have? --Wik 18:24, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) * Precisely three. I created User:Sockpuppet to demonstrate the nonsysop interface to my mother. Recently I created a main account User:J-V Heiskanen to use 99% of the time I edit, so I don't accidentally edit a protected page, so I will only have immediate access to administrative powers when I have consciously decided to assume the responsible stance necessary to fulfill the remit of such powers with integrity, rather than in between making tweaks to articles about the Simpsons. My further intention in creating a regular non-sysop account was to prove that it is physically possible to edit without using sysop powers, and do so productively. -- Cimon avaro 18:47, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) **Well, that hardly requires proof. I've been doing so for 8 months and 17,000 edits. And if you want to prove it for yourself, it would mean that you refrain from using the Cimon Avaro account, but here you say you will use it when you consciously decide to assume the responsible stance etc. It's easy to edit without sysop powers on one account, when you have another account with sysop powers. --Wik 19:10, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) ***So what exactly is the problem with having multiple accounts? Certainly seems reasonable to me... ugen64 21:34, Mar 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Strongly oppose. Cimon avaro is erratic and often unreasonable. 172 07:11, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 6) Oppose. Although doubtful. Basically, I respect JHV, but this idea seems hard to comprehend. I think institutionalizing sock-puppets is a particularly bad idea. Although... quite another thing would have been if all sysop-accounts and bureaucrat-accounts as a rule were separate from the officer's ordinary account. I could see a meaning in the distinction between a Angela account and the Angela (admin) account.--Ruhrjung 07:52, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Neutral/Comment:
 * 1) Is this something to do with you wanting to desysop yourself? Not that bureaucrats can do that, but your recent behaviour on my talk page worries me about your intentions, particularly after you previously asked on this page to never be made a bureaucrat. I will support once you can allay these concerns. Angela. 19:02, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 2) *My wish to edit without sysop priviledges was and remains real. One of the reasons for wishing it to be absolute and irrevocable is amply demonstrated by the above comment by Wik: "It's easy to edit without sysop powers on one account, when you have another account with sysop powers." I was much concerned about Cave trolls comments on the AMA page, and the general tenor of painting our institutions in the worst light. I thought I might have a better podium to defend those institutions if I was not speaking "in my own matter". In an ancillary way I was also very aware that I had not used my sysop features hardly at all for a long time for combating vandalism, or even deleting garbage; and the one time I had actually decided to use them (though I finally balked), it was indeed to block Plautus Satire in a manner I myself later fully realised would have been out of process. When you have dropped your sextant, the article linked thus says it can't be fixed, but only re-certified; and even describes how one would go about doing that. -- Cimon avaro 19:36, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 3) *Are you saying you do only want to be a bureaucrat so you can desysop yourself then? Please can you clarify why you want to be one. Angela. 22:42, Mar 10, 2004 (UTC)
 * 4) **Certes. No I am not going to attempt to desysop myself. If I still intended that, I would now simply self-block Cimon avaro till hell freezes over, and continue as J-V Heiskanen (or would that block my IP too, hmm...). In a more general sense the instrumentality I envision to both the administrative powers for myself has been and would continue to be a lessening of my shameful feeling for not contributing enough to the daily drudgework at Wikipedia, of which I am the happy beneficiary when I edit just for fun. I frequently feel great discomfort when I have to request something from developers, and the tireless work they do fulfilling such requests amply deserves that we try to pay that forward. Now that I have decided that separate accounts is the way to go, I merely will stand prepared to face comments like Wiks and Ruhrjungs above (I do respect both views BTW; going with two actively used accounts was not a slam-dunk for me either). -- Cimon avaro 12:54, Mar 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * 5) Neutral Support - Cimon's answer to Wik convinces me that he has the integrity to do the job well. - Texture 18:51, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)


text:
Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization

The Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization is a document signed in 2004 by a number of non-profit organizations, scientists, academics and other individuals urging the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to focus on the needs of developing countries with respect to intellectual property legislation.

The authors and signatories believe that the "world is facing a crisis in the governance of knowledge, technology, and culture", in particular due to unequal access to vital medicines and education, anticompetitive economic practices, concentration of ownership, technological measures such as digital rights management (DRM), the fair compensation of authors and creators, and the locking up of the public domain by private interests.

The Declaration criticises WIPO for embracing "a culture of creating and expanding monopoly privileges, often without regard to consequences", and calls for the organization to shift its focus from intellectual property as an end in and of itself, to a means for benefiting humanity. In particular, it calls for a moratorium on the now-common practice of harmonizing intellectual property legislation throughout the developing world to the laws as they exist in the United States and Europe.

In 2009 this resulted into the WIPO Development Agenda, which incorporated some of the proposals.


text:
San Diego Sockers (1978–1996)

The San Diego Sockers were a soccer and indoor soccer team based in San Diego, California. The team played in the indoor and outdoor editions of the North American Soccer League (NASL) until 1984 as well as the original Major Indoor Soccer League and CISL. The franchise folded in 1996 and was the last surviving NASL franchise.

The Sockers are considered the most successful indoor soccer team. They made the playoffs in all but one of their 16 seasons of playing indoors.

History
The team began as the Baltimore Comets in 1974 but moved to San Diego as the San Diego Jaws in 1976. After a one-year stay in Las Vegas as the Las Vegas Quicksilvers, the team returned as the San Diego Sockers in 1978. They were owned by Bob Bell and played their indoor games at the San Diego Sports Arena.

Initially, victories came slowly for the club but mounted quickly and they experienced moderate success over their outdoor history winning several division titles. However, the San Diego Sockers won the North American Soccer League (NASL) Indoor Championships of 1981–82 and 1983–84. Success was far from over for the San Diego Sockers. When the NASL folded, the San Diego Sockers moved to the Major Indoor Soccer League and won eight championships: 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, and 1992. The Sockers carried their success from one league to the next. They switched to the Continental Indoor Soccer League for three more years from 1993 to 1995. However, after several ownership changes, Sockers folded after the 1996 season.

There have been two subsequent revivals of the Sockers. The first was a franchise in the WISL that later joined the second MISL before folding in 2004. A second started play in the PASL-PRO in 2009.

Leagues

 * NASL 1974–1984
 * NASL indoor 1980–1982, 1983–1984
 * MISL/MSL 1982–1983, 1984–1992
 * CISL 1993–1996

Owners

 * Co-Owners included Charles T. Koval, Joe Sadowski, Ed Lewis, Bob Bell (1977–78)
 * Co-Owners Charles T. Koval, Bob Bell (1978–81)
 * Bob Bell (1981–87)
 * Ron Fowler (1987–91)
 * Oscar Ancira, Sr. (1991–94)
 * San Diego Sports Arena Management (1994–96)

Head coaches

 * 🇩🇪 Hubert Vogelsinger (1978–1980)
 * 🏴 Ron Newman (1980–1994)
 * 🇺🇸 Brian Quinn (1994–1996)

Honors
Championships (10)
 * NASL indoor: 1981–82, 1983–84
 * MISL: 1982–83, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1991–92
 * CISL: 1993 (runners-up)

Regular Season/ Division Titles (12)
 * NASL: 1978, 1981, 1984
 * NASL indoor: 1981–82, 1983–84
 * MISL: 1982–83, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1990–91, 1991–92
 * CISL: 1996

Conference Titles
 * NASL indoor: 1981–82 (Pacific)

NASL Coach of the Year
 * 1984 Ron Newman

NASL North American Player of the Year
 * 1981 Mike Stojanović

NASL All Stars
 * 1978 Alan Mayer -Second Team
 * 1979 Alan Mayer -Honorable Mention
 * 1979 Bobby Smith -Honorable Mention
 * 1981 Volkmar Gross -Honorable Mention
 * 1981 Mike Stojanović -Honorable Mention
 * 1981 Juli Veee -Honorable Mention
 * 1982 Juli Veee -Honorable Mention
 * 1983 Kaz Deyna -Second Team
 * 1984 Kevin Crow -First Team
 * 1984 Kaz Deyna -Honorable Mention
 * 1984 Brian Quinn -Honorable Mention

NASL indoor MVP
 * 1981–82 Juli Veee

NASL indoor Scoring Champion
 * 1981–82 Juli Veee

NASL indoor Goalkeeper of the Year
 * 1983–84 Jim Gorsek

NASL indoor Championship Finals MVP
 * 1981–82 Juli Veee
 * 1983–84 Jean Willrich

NASL indoor All Stars
 * 1980–81 Julie Veee
 * 1981–82 Julie Veee
 * 1981–82 Martin Donnelly
 * 1981–82 Volkmar Gross
 * 1983–84 Kaz Deyna, Gert Wieczorkowski
 * 1983–84 (2nd team) Juli Veee, Martin Donnelly
 * 1984 Alan Mayer -All-Star Game starter
 * 1984 Julie Veee -All-Star Game starter
 * 1984 Kaz Deyna -All-Star Game starter
 * 1984 Jean Willrich -All-Star Game reserve
 * 1984 Gert Wieczorkowski -All-Star Game reserve

Hall of Fame members
 * United States: Fernando Clavijo, Ron Newman, Hugo Pérez, Bobby Smith, Alan Willey, Steve Zungul
 * Canada: Bob Iarusci, Terry Moore, Branko Šegota, Mike Stojanović
 * Indoor Soccer: Fernando Clavijo, Kevin Crow, Zoran Karić, Alan Mayer, Ron Newman, Victor Nogueira, Brian Quinn, Branko Šegota, Zoltán Tóth, Julie Veee, Steve Zungul

MISL MVP
 * 1983 Alan Mayer
 * 1985 Steve Zungul
 * 1986 Steve Zungul
 * 1991 Victor Nogueira
 * 1992 Victor Nogueira

MISL Championship MVP
 * 1983 Juli Veee
 * 1985 Steve Zungul
 * 1986 Brian Quinn
 * 1988 Hugo Pérez
 * 1989 Victor Nogueira
 * 1990 Brian Quinn
 * 1991 Ben Collins
 * 1992 Thompson Usiyan

MISL Scoring Champion
 * 1985 Steve Zungul
 * 1986 Steve Zungul

MISL Pass Master (Assists leader)
 * 1985 Steve Zungul
 * 1986 Steve Zungul

MISL Defender of the Year
 * 1985 Kevin Crow
 * 1988 Kevin Crow
 * 1989 Kevin Crow
 * 1991 Kevin Crow
 * 1992 Kevin Crow

MISL Goalkeeper of the Year
 * 1988 Zoltán Tóth
 * 1989 Victor Nogueira
 * 1991 Victor Nogueira
 * 1992 Victor Nogueira

MISL Coach of the Year
 * 1988 Ron Newman

MISL Rookie of the Year
 * 1991 David Banks

MISL First Team All Star
 * 1983 Alan Mayer, Kazimierz Deyna
 * 1985 Branko Šegota, Kevin Crow, Steve Zungul
 * 1986 Fernando Clavijo, Branko Segota
 * 1987 Kevin Crow
 * 1988 Zoltán Tóth, Fernando Clavijo, Kevin Crow, Branko Segota
 * 1990 Victor Nogueira, Kevin Crow
 * 1991 Victor Nogueira, Kevin Crow

CISL Goalkeeper of the Year
 * 1994 Antonio Cortes

CISL Rookie of the Year
 * 1994 John Olu–Molomo
 * 1995 Mark Chung
 * 1996 Carlos Farias

CISL First Team All Star
 * 1993 David Banks
 * 1995 Mark Chung

title: San Diego Sockers (1978–1996)


text:
Eight Is Enough

Eight Is Enough is an American comedy-drama television series that aired on ABC from March 15, 1977, to May 23, 1981. The show was modeled on the life of syndicated newspaper columnist Tom Braden, a real-life parent with eight children, who wrote a book by the same title.

Synopsis
The show centers on a Sacramento, California, family with eight children (from oldest to youngest: David, Mary, Joanie, Susan, Nancy, Elizabeth, Tommy, and Nicholas). The father, Tom Bradford (based on Tom Braden, played by Dick Van Patten), is a newspaper columnist for the fictional Sacramento Register. His wife Joan (based on Joan Braden, played by Diana Hyland) was a homemaker and took care of the children.

In early 1977, Hyland was diagnosed with breast cancer, undergoing a mastectomy when doctors discovered the cancer had metastasized. During filming her health suddenly deteriorated, and Hyland died on March 27, 1977, having filmed only four episodes. As a result, her character's death was written into the second season of the series.

The second season begins in the fall of 1977 with Tom as a widower. He eventually meets and falls in love with Sandra Sue "Abby" Abbott (Betty Buckley), a widowed schoolteacher who comes to the house to tutor Tommy after he breaks his leg in a football game. Abby and Tom marry in one of the series' TV movie broadcasts on November 9, 1977. The role went to Buckley after being approved by network chief Brandon Tartikoff, who felt that the character of Miss Collins, the sympathetic high school gym teacher she had played in the 1976 film Carrie, would translate seamlessly to the series.

In the fourth season, in another of the series' TV movie broadcasts in September 1979, both David and Susan get married in a double wedding. As the series progresses, Abby receives her Ph.D. in education and starts a job counseling students at the local high school; oldest son David starts his own construction company; second-eldest daughter Joanie works as a TV producer; eldest daughter Mary becomes a medical doctor; fourth daughter Susan marries a baseball player, Merle "The Pearl" Stockwell, and has a baby; second-youngest son Tommy becomes a musician in a rock-and-roll band.

Main

 * Dick Van Patten as Thomas "Tom" Bradford Sr.
 * Diana Hyland as Joan Wells Bradford (season 1)
 * Betty Buckley as Sandra Sue "Abby" Mitchell Abbott Bradford (seasons 2–5)
 * Grant Goodeve as David Bradford
 * Lani O'Grady as Mary Bradford
 * Laurie Walters as Joan "Joanie" Bradford
 * Susan Richardson as Susan Bradford Stockwell
 * Dianne Kay as Nancy Bradford
 * Connie Newton/Needham as Elizabeth Bradford (switched to new married name, Needham, at start of season 4)
 * Willie Aames as Thomas "Tommy" Bradford Jr.
 * Adam Rich as Nicholas Bradford

In the pilot, the role of David was played by Mark Hamill, Nancy was played by Kimberly Beck, and Tommy was played by Chris English. When ABC screened the pilot, they were unhappy with the performances of Beck and English, who were let go and replaced by Dianne Kay and Willie Aames. Hamill sought to get out of his five-year contract on Eight Is Enough to take the opportunity to star as Luke Skywalker in George Lucas's Star Wars; Lorimar Productions granted his request and the role was re-cast with Grant Goodeve.

Recurring

 * Jennifer Darling as Donna (1977–1981)
 * Michael Thoma as Dr. Greg Maxwell (1977–1981)
 * Virginia Vincent as Daisy Maxwell (1977–1981)
 * Janis Paige as Vivian "Auntie V" Bradford (1977–1980)
 * Joan Prather as Janet McArthur Bradford (1979–1981)
 * Brian Patrick Clarke as Merle "The Pearl" Stockwell (1979–1981)
 * Ralph Macchio as Jeremy Andretti (1980–1981)
 * Micheal Goodrow as Ernie Fields (1979–1981)
 * James Karen as Eliot Randolph (1978–1981)
 * Michele Greene as Jill (1980–1981)
 * Nicholas Pryor as Jeffrey Trout (1979–1981)
 * Jack Elam as Joe Simon (1978-1980)

Production
The show was developed by writer William Blinn and was a Lorimar Production. It was originally distributed by Worldvision Enterprises. For the first three years the show filmed interior scenes at The Burbank Studios now known as the Warner Bros. Ranch. From the fourth season the show filmed interiors at MGM Studios in Culver City.

The home featured in the exterior shots was on Chiquita St, near Lankershim Boulevard in Los Angeles. The house has since been demolished and replaced. The interiors for seasons one through three were filmed on Soundstage 9 The Burbank Studio. Seasons four and five were shot on two stages at MGM in Culver City.

The show's team of producers included Robert L. Jacks, Gary Adelson, Greg Strangis, and Phil Fehrle. Executive producers were Lee Rich and Philip Capice.

As a production of the Lorimar stable, who were concurrently producing CBS's The Waltons, writers were often contracted by the producers and were shared between both programs. (Waltons co-star Will Geer also made an Eight Is Enough guest appearance during season 2.) Regular writers included Peter Lefcourt, the writing teams of Gwen Bagni and Paul Dubov, Rod Peterson and Claire Whittaker, Bill Nuss and Dusty Kay (brother of "Nancy Bradford" Dianne Kay), Nick Thiel and David Braff, J. Miyoko Hensley and Steven Hensley, Bruce Shelly, Sandra Kay Siegel, Gil Grant, Karen I. Hall, and Hindi Brooks, who soon became the show's long-time story editor. In-house directors included Philip Leacock, Harry Harris, and Irving J. Moore. As an in-joke, the character name of one of Nicholas Bradford's best friends was Irving Julius Moore, a nod to the director of the same name whose middle name was, in fact, Joseph.

Theme
For the show's first two seasons, an upbeat instrumental piece written by Fred Werner was used as the show's opening theme. Beginning with the show's third season, this was replaced by a slowed-down vocal theme titled "Eight Is Enough," which was sung by series co-star Grant Goodeve. The song had music by Lee Holdridge and lyrics by Molly-Ann Leikin, and was first heard in a longer arrangement on the last episode of the second season titled "Who's on First?", which was also performed by Goodeve.

Score
Early episodes had instrumental music by Fred Werner and Alexander Courage, but the show's real musical stamp came from composer Earle Hagen, who had a knack of composing memorable cues as he had previously been the in-house composer on The Andy Griffith Show. He composed a love theme for Tom and Abby, a theme that permeated the show in various incarnations throughout the remainder of the series. Some later episodes were scored by John Beal and Miles Goodman.

Back-to-back industry strikes in the show's last seasons affected the show's score, with both the 1980 SAG actors' strike and 1981 writers' strike forcing cost-cutting measures. Some of the later episodes were tracked with a combination of uncredited library music and original music by Hagen, Beal, and Goodman.

Reception and cancellation
The series jump-started acting careers for several of its young stars. It cemented teen idol status for Grant Goodeve (David), Willie Aames (Tommy), and Ralph Macchio, who played Abby's orphaned nephew Jeremy later in the show's last season. Aames went on to star with Scott Baio in Charles in Charge. Goodeve started a minor singing career, following his rendition of the show's theme song (see Theme section) and initially hosted HGTV's If Walls Could Talk. Macchio gained the most fame in feature films, such as The Karate Kid and its sequels as well as My Cousin Vinny.

After the end of the show's fifth season (112 one-hour episodes), production costs and declining ratings caused the show to be cancelled with seven other shows that season (including The Waltons). Variety's headline on the cancellation stated "Eight Shows In, Eight Shows Out". In a 2000 episode of E! True Hollywood Story, Dick Van Patten stated that no one contacted him to inform him of the cancellation. Instead, he read about it in a newspaper.

The series had two reunion movies on NBC. In Eight Is Enough: A Family Reunion on October 18, 1987, Mary Frann replaced Betty Buckley as Abby; Buckley had been filming Frantic during its production. Then came An Eight Is Enough Wedding on October 15, 1989, this time with Sandy Faison as Abby. Both movies aired opposite Game 2 of the World Series on ABC.

Nielsen Ratings

 * 1976–1977 — #23
 * 1977–1978 — #12
 * 1978–1979 — #11
 * 1979–1980 — #12
 * 1980–1981 — Not in Top 30

Syndication
Reruns of all 112 episodes of Eight Is Enough have aired sporadically since the show's syndication debut in September 1982. The show aired on FX from 1994 to 1997, on PAX in 1998, and as part of a marathon celebrating the 50th anniversary of Warner Bros. Television on TV Land in 2005. Eight Is Enough also aired on the Chicago-based MeTV and MeToo, a sister station of MeTV, from 2008 to 2010 before MeTV spread to other markets around the U.S.

During its network run, the show was distributed by Worldvision Enterprises (also internationally in rebroadcasts), and later by Lorimar-Telepictures. All syndication rights are now held by Lorimar's successor, Warner Bros. Television.

From 2006 until 2009, the series was formerly available for streaming online on AOL's In2TV service.

The series is also available for purchase online on Amazon Prime Video and Apple TV.

Beginning in 2023, the series is available for streaming online on Tubi via the WBTV All Together Now FAST channel.

As of 2024, the complete series is also available on The Roku Channel, a free service and includes limited commercials.

International
In Italy, RAI public networks aired the first season of Eight Is Enough under the title Otto Bastano in 1978, the literal Italian translation of the original title. The remaining seasons were aired in the 1980s on Retequattro, a commercial network from Fininvest (now Mediaset), under the title La Famiglia Bradford. The Italian version excludes the laugh track.

The French version, Huit, ça suffit!, which excludes the laugh track, was successful in the 1980s in France and Quebec, and with the francophone Canadian audience in general.

In Spain during the same period, Con Ocho Basta (Spanish for "Eight Is Enough") ran in public network RTVE's Friday night line-up.

In the Philippines, Eight Is Enough aired on GMA Radio-Television Arts from 1978 to 1981.

Home media
On April 17, 2012, Warner Home Video released the complete first season of Eight Is Enough on DVD in Region 1. The release includes the pilot episode (featuring Mark Hamill in the role of eldest son David) and a cast reunion special which occurred on the Today show in 2012 (sans Richardson, Rich and the late O'Grady). Several of the episodes have the wrong end credits, and the Lorimar Productions logo has also been edited out of the end credits.

On November 13, 2012, Warner Bros. released season 2, parts one and two on DVD-R via their Warner Archive Collection. These are Manufacture-on-Demand (MOD) releases and are available through Warner's online store and Amazon.com. Season 3, Parts One and Two were released on April 30, 2013.

Season 4, parts one and two were released on August 13, 2013. The fifth and final season was released on March 11, 2014.

title: Eight Is Enough


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List of football clubs in Israel

The following is a list of football clubs in Israel by their league and division as of the 2015–16 season.

The Israeli football league system, which is run by the Israel Football Association (IFA), includes five levels which contain a total of 16 divisions, There are a total of 234 member clubs.

Premier League clubs (2015-16)

 * Beitar Jerusalem
 * Bnei Sakhnin
 * Bnei Yehuda
 * Hapoel Acre
 * Hapoel Be'er Sheva
 * Hapoel Haifa
 * Hapoel Kfar Saba
 * Hapoel Ra'anana
 * Hapoel Tel Aviv
 * Ironi Kiryat Shmona
 * Maccabi Haifa
 * Maccabi Netanya
 * Maccabi Petah Tikva
 * Maccabi Tel Aviv

Liga Leumit clubs (2015-16)

 * Beitar Tel Aviv Bat Yam
 * F.C. Ashdod
 * Hapoel Afula
 * Hapoel Ashkelon
 * Hapoel Bnei Lod
 * Hapoel Jerusalem
 * Hapoel Nazareth Illit
 * Hapoel Petah Tikva
 * Hapoel Ramat Gan
 * Hapoel Ramat HaSharon
 * Hapoel Rishon LeZion
 * Maccabi Ahi Nazareth
 * Maccabi Herzliya
 * Maccabi Kiryat Gat
 * Maccabi Yavne

Liga Alef North

 * F.C. Karmiel Safed
 * Hapoel Asi Gilboa
 * Hapoel Beit She'an
 * Hapoel Hadera
 * Hapoel Herzliya
 * Hapoel Iksal
 * Hapoel Ironi Baqa al-Gharbiyye
 * Hapoel Kafr Kanna
 * Hapoel Migdal HaEmek
 * Ihud Bnei Majd al-Krum
 * Ironi Nesher
 * Ironi Tiberias
 * Maccabi Daliyat al-Karmel
 * Maccabi Ironi Kiryat Ata
 * Maccabi Sektzia Ma'alot-Tarshiha
 * Maccabi Tzur Shalom

Liga Alef South

 * Beitar Kfar Saba
 * Bnei Eilat
 * F.C. Kafr Qasim
 * F.C. Shikun HaMizrah
 * Hakoah Amidar Ramat Gan
 * Hapoel Azor
 * Hapoel Bik'at HaYarden
 * Hapoel Hod HaSharon
 * Hapoel Kfar Shalem
 * Hapoel Mahane Yehuda
 * Hapoel Marmorek
 * Hapoel Morasha Ramat HaSharon
 * Maccabi Amishav Petah Tikva
 * Maccabi Jaffa Kabilio
 * Maccabi Sha'arayim
 * Sektzia Nes Tziona

Liga Bet North A

 * Ahi Acre
 * Ahi Bir al-Maksur
 * Ahva Kafr Manda
 * Al-Nahda Nazareth
 * Beitar Haifa
 * Beitar Kafr Kanna
 * Beitar Nahariya
 * F.C. Tzeirei Kafr Kanna
 * Hapoel Bnei Maghar
 * Hapoel Bu'eine
 * Hapoel Ihud Bnei Sumei
 * Hapoel Kaukab
 * Hapoel Shefa-'Amr
 * Ironi Bnei Kabul
 * Maccabi Bnei Nahf
 * Maccabi Ironi Acre

Liga Bet North B

 * F.C. Daburiyya
 * F.C. Haifa Robi Shapira
 * F.C. Pardes Hanna-Karkur
 * F.C. Tzeirei Tur'an
 * Hapoel Bnei Zalafa
 * Hapoel Daliyat al-Karmel
 * Hapoel Ramot Menashe Megiddo
 * Hapoel Sandala Gilboa
 * Hapoel Umm al-Fahm
 * Ihud Bnei Baqa
 * Ihud Bnei Kafr Qara
 * Maccabi Ahi Iksal
 * Maccabi Ein Mahil
 * Maccabi Ironi Yafa
 * Maccabi Sulam
 * Maccabi Umm al-Fahm

Liga Bet South A

 * Agudat Sport Holon
 * Beitar Petah Tikva
 * Beitar Ramat Gan
 * F.C. Bnei Jaffa Ortodoxim
 * F.C. Ironi Or Yehuda
 * F.C. Roei Heshbon Tel Aviv
 * F.C. Tira
 * F.C. Tzeirei Tayibe
 * Hapoel Kafr Qasim Shouaa
 * Hapoel Kiryat Ono
 * Hapoel Nahlat Yehuda
 * Hapoel Pardesiya
 * Hapoel Ramat Yisrael
 * Hapoel Tzafririm Holon
 * Ironi Beit Dagan
 * Maccabi Ironi Kfar Yona

Liga Bet South B

 * Beitar Giv'at Ze'ev
 * Beitar Ironi Ma'ale Adumim
 * Beitar Yavne
 * Bnei Yeechalal Rehovot
 * F.C. Be'er Sheva
 * F.C. Dimona
 * F.C. Holon Yaniv
 * Hapoel Merhavim
 * Hapoel Rahat
 * Ironi Beit Shemesh
 * Ironi Modi'in
 * Maccabi Be'er Sheva
 * Maccabi Ironi Netivot
 * Maccabi Kiryat Malakhi
 * Maccabi Segev Shalom
 * Tzeirei Rahat

Liga Gimel Upper Galilee

 * Bnei Ma'alot Tarshiha
 * F.C. Aramshe Danun
 * F.C. Bnei M.M.B.E. HaGolan VeHaGalil
 * F.C. Hatzor HaGlilit
 * F.C. Julis
 * Hapoel Bnei Bi'ina
 * Hapoel Bnei Hurfeish
 * Hapoel Bnei Peki'in
 * Hapoel Bnei Rameh
 * Hapoel Jat Yanuh HaGlilit
 * Hapoel Merom HaGalil
 * Hapoel Nahariya
 * Hapoel Tarshiha
 * Maccabi Ahva Yarka

Liga Gimel Lower Galilee

 * Ahva Arraba
 * F.C. Bnei Arraba
 * F.C. Halat al-Sharif
 * F.C. Tzeirei Ibtin Khawaled
 * F.C. Tzeirei Tamra
 * Hapoel Bnei Deir al-Asad
 * Hapoel Bnei Nujidat
 * Hapoel Ironi Bni I'billin
 * Ironi Bnei Sha'ab
 * Maccabi Basmat Tab'un
 * Maccabi Bnei Deir Hanna
 * Maccabi Kafr Manda
 * Maccabi Ironi Tamra
 * Maccabi Tzeirei Shefa-'Amr

Liga Gimel Jezreel

 * Beitar Afula
 * Beitar al-Amal Nazareth
 * Beitar Ein Mahil
 * Beitar Umm al-Fahm
 * Bnei Musheirifa Baiada
 * F.C. Kfar Kama
 * F.C. Nazareth Illit
 * Hapoel al-Ittihad Nazareth
 * Hapoel Bnei Ar'ara 'Ara
 * Hapoel Bnei Fureidis
 * Hapoel Bnei Musmus
 * Hapoel Isfiya
 * Maccabi Ahi Ar'ara 'Ara

Liga Gimel Samaria

 * Beitar Hadera
 * Beitar Pardes Hanna
 * F.C. Hapoel Kiryat Yam
 * Hapoel Ahva Haifa
 * Hapoel Bnei Jisr az-Zarqa
 * Hapoel Ein as-Sahala
 * Hapoel Halissa
 * Hapoel Ironi Or Akiva
 * Hapoel Tirat HaCarmel
 * Maccabi Neve Sha'anan Eldad
 * Maccabi Ironi Barta'a
 * Maccabi Ironi Tirat HaCarmel
 * Maccabi Isfiya

Liga Gimel Sharon

 * Beitar Tubruk
 * Hapoel Ihud Bnei Jatt
 * Hapoel Jaljulia
 * Hapoel Kafr Bara
 * Hapoel Oranit
 * F.C. Bnei Qalansawe
 * F.C. Bnei Ra'anana
 * F.C. Ironi Ariel
 * F.C. Kafr Qasim Nibrass
 * F.C. Netanya
 * Maccabi HaSharon Netanya
 * Shimshon Bnei Tayibe
 * Shimshon Kafr Qasim

Liga Gimel Tel Aviv

 * Beitar Ezra
 * Beitar Jaffa Zion
 * Bnei Yehud
 * Elitzur Jaffa Tel Aviv
 * Elitzur Yehud Yotel
 * Hapoel Kiryat Shalom
 * Hapoel Neve Golan
 * Maccabi Hashikma Hen
 * Maccabi Ironi Or Yehuda
 * Maccabi Pardes Katz
 * Maccabi Spartak Ramat Gan
 * Otzma F.C. Holon
 * Shikun Vatikim Ramat Gan
 * Shimshon Tel Aviv

Liga Gimel Central

 * A.S. Nordia Jerusalem
 * F.C. Rishon LeZion
 * F.C. Tzeirei Lod
 * Hapoel Abirei Bat Yam
 * Hapoel F.C. Hevel Modi'in
 * Hapoel Ironi Gedera
 * Hapoel Matzliah
 * Hapoel Mevaseret Zion
 * Hapoel Ramla
 * Hapoel Tirat Shalom
 * Ironi Lod
 * Maccabi Kiryat Ekron

Liga Gimel South

 * A.S. Ashdod
 * A.S. Ashkelon
 * Bnei al-Salam Rahat
 * Elitzur Ironi Yehuda
 * F.C. Arad
 * F.C. Be'er Sheva Haim Levy
 * F.C. Hapoel Bnei Ashdod
 * F.C. Hapoel Yeruham
 * F.C. Ironi Kuseife
 * F.C. Maccabi Ashdod
 * F.C. Tzeirei al-Hoshla
 * Hapoel Tzeirei al-Mahdi
 * Maccabi Dimona
 * Maccabi Ironi Hura
 * Maccabi Ironi Sderot

title: List of football clubs in Israel