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User talk:Defunkt

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Re: Illegal drug trade
Though the section has been improved since I wrote that, my objection still stands. While examples are appropriate, the section has a lot that is specific information on a particular market and drug that is not relevant to the general topic of the article, or provides data that is only informational to someone who already knows something about certain prices. For example, saying that a seller might charge "as much as $50 for an "eighth"" is information that is only relevant to cannabis in the U.S., when the information that is trying to be conveyed is simply that sellers have a profit margin. So, please, rewrite it, but keep in mind that it is sometimes best to use wording or sentences that have already been written for the article, if appropriate. A rewrite can be considered starting from scratch, but only parts need be new material when some old material fits into it well just fine. - Centrx 02:03, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Gaming Collaboration Template
No, I wouldn't be against linking it at all. It's a good idea, and I went ahead and linked it for you. Note that it was linked to a redirect (WP:GCOTW) so the template won't look messed up on its corresponding page. --pie4all88 22:32, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

link
http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Setting_up_interwiki_linking 129.137.90.250 17:30, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Opentask
Hi ! Everything seems alright at Opentask. :-) Please feel free to keep the Opentask updated as well as neat and tidy anytime. -- PFHLai 22:55, 2004 Oct 22 (UTC)

Paleorthid
Thanks for the welcome. I am working adding content (articles, definitions) regarding soil science. Am learning the wiki culture as I go. Paleorthid 16:41, 30 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for the welcome...
Although I learned of wikipedia "ages ago", only recently did I realize the power of a wiki when we installed one at work. In the past few weeks I have started three wikis on various sites I run, and made an edit here to a topic I am familiar with. Seeing the "you have a message" box was a surprise to me, and yet another fascinating thing about wiki I did not know. (Just like this talkback page. This thing keeps getting better and better!) At this point, I'm wishful for a way to cause an Edit page to open already populated with a default template, but that doesn't look possible with MediaWiki. Thanks again for the welcome. --Allenhuffman 17:38, 3 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for the advice. I want you to know that I'm sorry about the whole "Clay Beal" thing last week. My roommate at Georgia Tech comandeered my computer, and posted all sorts of weird stuff; it won't happen again. Anyway, thanks again. Davis21Wylie 21:24, 5 Nov 2004 (UTC)

You said to leave you a message
So here is the message, which, upon instructions from you, I have left. MarkPNeyer

Maya mythology
I don't know too much about Mayan mythology, and am not active in that area, so go ahead and do whatever you want. Combining the small god articles into one isn't a bad idea, though I don't recommend it unless they can't be expanded (i.e. because virtually nothing is known about them). Tuf-Kat 14:12, Nov 9, 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
Hi, and thanks for the welcome. Going off your page, I'm going to assume that it my the City of Heroes contribution that caught your eye. Although I do play, it's a bit outside my usual scope of interest, but since the lawsuit section involved an IP case, I decided to chip in there. Hope you found it interesting and/or useful.

Shimeru

Off topic: design
Thanks for taking a look at my design work for WikiJunior, you're the only person that's commented so far. I'm interested in what you have to offer, go ahead and email me. Urza@Tampabay.rr.com or the link on my user page. LockeShocke 19:20, Dec 31, 2004 (UTC)

RE: James cleverly
Hey there. I untagged the above article as a CSD because, unless I'm mistaken, vanity/non-notable articles did not pass in the poll to expand the criteria for WP:CSD. If you believe that the article should be deleted, please sent it to WP:VFD. Thanks! -Frazzydee|✍ 05:08, 30 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Whoops! Sorry about that, I thought I left it at User_talk:Rd232...I guess that's the consequence of having so many tabs open :). Thanks for telling me. -Frazzydee|✍ 19:38, 30 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Oh, I know what happened :), the top of User_talk:Rd232 says "Enjoy your stay and feel free to add a comment on my talk page", but that's a welcome message. I mistook it for an introduction. -Frazzydee|✍ 19:40, 30 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Kiwilyrics
Hi Defunkt, I stumbled onto a note you left someone about kiwilyrics.com. It's something I'd definitely like to contribute to. I wonder, though, why copyright issues are such a problem here, yet not at kiwi. Cheers, T IMBO  ( T A L K )  01:35, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

bag on line adventures
on the second page of the comic, when jesse is talking to chase and the unnamed "son", he says "the 'mistake' is for the human, and this you are not", meaning that the children aren't human. Lachatdelarue (talk) 20:00, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Wikijunior name vote
Wikijunior project name Voting will end June 6, 2005 at 11:30 am EST. --  user:Zanimum

Welcoming template
Hi there! I was told you're one of the frequent welcomers of new users. I was wondering - since this is a rather frequently asked question, would you please add a link to Merge to your welcoming template? Thanks. Radiant_ >|< 20:40, July 10, 2005 (UTC)

Toyn Benn Change
Hello there, you asked about the sourec for the change I made to detailks about the common ancestor of Josiah Wedgwood and Tony Benn. The information that cited Thomas Wedgwood I was initially from me and was an inexplicable error  - Tony Benn desdends from his brother Aaron making the common ancestor their mutual father Gilbert.

Many thanks,

John Wedgwood Pound

Tony Benn Change
Hello there, you asked about the sourec for the change I made to detailks about the common ancestor of Josiah Wedgwood and Tony Benn. The information that cited Thomas Wedgwood I was initially from me and was an inexplicable error  - Tony Benn desdends from his brother Aaron making the common ancestor their mutual father Gilbert.

Many thanks,

John Wedgwood Pound

Kom'Royza
An article you started, Kom'Royza, has been nominated for deletion. Please contribute to the discussion at Articles for deletion/Kom'Royza. NickelShoe 21:03, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Cocacomiccover.png
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:CoheedAndCambriaIKSSE3.jpg
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If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 20:47, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:CoheedAndCambriaSSTB.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:CoheedAndCambriaSSTB.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

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Hello! I left this on the discussion page for Erwin James but I haven't noticed a reply. I think it is important. Many thanks. "To be fair, you should also block the 12:29 14 March 2009 edition of the page. It mentions a reference to wife and daughter that is not supported by the relevant webpage (it is from archived bbc.co.uk material and may not refer to Erwin James at all). You will note multiple changes over a short space of time ... I did not realise the page was actually being varied. I though these continued to be versions accessible only by me. 203.129.39.151 (talk) 05:26, 22 March 2009 (UTC)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Erwin_James"" 203.129.39.151 (talk) 21:07, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

Erwin James page
I left this message on the discusion page for Erwin but haven't seen a response. I think that it is important. Many thanks. "To be fair, you should also block the 12:29 14 March 2009 edition of the page. It mentions a reference to wife and daughter that is not supported by the relevant webpage (it is from archived bbc.co.uk material and may not refer to Erwin James at all). You will note multiple changes over a short space of time ... I did not realise the page was actually being varied. I though these continued to be versions accessible only by me. 203.129.39.151 (talk) 05:26, 22 March 2009 (UTC) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Erwin_James"" 203.129.39.151 (talk) 21:09, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

I created a page with the biography of Federico Alves, and he did not complain about the information there, for I asked him. Why did you delete the article? I want it back. Yours Philip Orleans (talk)

Deletion unmerited, since the person did not complain and the information is verified
I created a page with the biography of Federico Alves, and he did not complain about the information there, for I asked him. Why did you delete the article? I want it back on line. Yours Philip Orleans (talk)

Grbrumder page
I see you deleted my page. I'm new to Wikipedia and don't totally understand what the purpose is of the page you took down nor why you did so. It says you did so for non-controversial cleanup so I suppose a thank you is in order... I'm not offended or concerned, just curious.

Thanks, George R. Brumder (talk) 22:59, 24 September 2009 (UTC)

Miriam Haskell article
Hi--I see that you've stopped by to do some work on my Miriam Haskell article. But there's a banner now that says it needs additional source verification. I'm guessing that I need to go back and put in the page numbers (I will, I will, I just have to grade all these papers first!). Is that all that's missing? Thanks for the info! Zannie —Preceding unsigned comment added by Zanniew (talk • contribs) 18:53, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

LIFELIKE_On Wikipedia
Dear Sir

We're writing you upon request of our artist, LIFELIKE. We noticed that you and some others wikipedia users, are spending time modifying the biography and Discography of our artist. Some misunformations are totally wrong or some are hidden. We've published and reverted to the official one again we've been writing. I warn you that if we have to see that happening again, we will do our best to track your account at Wikipedia and make close your account. Best

Pierre -- LIFELIKE _ MANAGEMENT —Preceding unsigned comment added by Management Lifelike (talk • contribs) 00:09, 28 October 2009 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:M59-Resurrection.jpg
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Reply to invitation.
How please do i change my signed name when I putStranger on the shore (talk) 08:47, 1 August 2010 (UTC) from Stranger on the Shore to, Tolkny?

Non-free rationale for File:Meridian 59 New Engine SS.png
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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:51, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Defunkt


text:
Talk:Schmear (Sheepshead)

This article needs some context. For example: in what context is one laying high point cards? (posted to article by 66.183.164.174)

Context
I know nothing about this game. But people like me, clicking "random article", should still be able to make sense of the article. So if there's someone who does know about this, please feel free to remove the Context after making it a bit clearer. Also, consider merging this into Sheepshead, as per the discussion on Talk:Sheepshead. pfctdayelise 00:37, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Schmear (Sheepshead)


text:
Syl Apps

Charles Joseph Sylvanus Apps (January 18, 1915 – December 24, 1998), was a Canadian professional ice hockey player for the Toronto Maple Leafs from 1936 to 1948, an Olympic pole vaulter and a Conservative Member of Provincial Parliament in Ontario. In 2017 Apps was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

Athletic career
Apps was a strong athlete, six feet tall, weighing 185 pounds, and won the gold medal at the 1934 British Empire Games in the pole vault competition. Two years later he represented Canada at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, Germany, where he placed sixth in the pole vault event. After watching him play football at McMaster University, Conn Smythe signed Apps to play hockey with the Toronto Maple Leafs.

Apps played centre position with the Toronto Maple Leafs for his entire professional hockey career. His jersey number was 10. He was the winner of the first Calder Memorial Trophy in 1937, and the 1942 Lady Byng Memorial Trophy. Apps served as the Maple Leafs captain during the first National Hockey League All-Star Game October 13, 1947, at Maple Leaf Gardens. He also played for an all-star team competing in Montreal on October 29, 1939, to raise money for Babe Siebert's family.

Apps was in the prime of his career when he joined the Canadian Army during World War II at the end of the 1943 season. He served two years until the war was over, whereupon he returned to captain the Leafs, winning 2 more Stanley Cups in 1947 and 1948.

Apps contemplated retirement following the 1947 Stanley Cup win, but returned in order to reach the 200 career goals milestone. With 196 career goals heading into the final weekend of the regular season, Apps scored 5 goals in the two weekend games to surpass his goal. Despite scoring 53 points in 55 games and setting a career high in goals, Apps retired from the NHL at the age of 33 and took a marketing job with the Simpson's department store. At the same time, he also served as the Ontario Athletic Commissioner.

Politics
While still playing hockey, Apps ran for parliament in the 1940 federal election. He was a candidate in the riding of Brant for the National Government Party but lost to incumbent George Wood of the Liberals by 138 votes.

Apps was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1963 to 1975. He represented the riding of Kingston from 1963 to 1967 and Kingston and the Islands from 1967 to 1975. He served as the Minister of Correctional Services from 1971 to 1974.

Death
On December 24, 1998, Apps died from a heart attack and was buried in Mountview Cemetery in Cambridge, Ontario. After his death, the Maple Leafs honoured his jersey number and George Armstrong's number, who both wore the number 10. Their numbers were not retired, as the Maple Leafs had a policy of only retiring numbers for players "who have made a significant contribution to the Toronto Maple Leaf Hockey Club and have experienced a career-ending incident while a member of the Maple Leaf team". However, this policy was changed for the Maple Leafs' centennial season, with Apps' number, along with 15 others, officially being retired on October 15, 2016.

Legacy
Apps was known for his athleticism, character, skating and play-making abilities (alongside a scoring touch, six times reaching the 20 goal plateau). He has been praised by Maple Leafs alumni, authors, historians and even competitors. Maple Leafs owner Conn Smythe called Apps the greatest player in franchise history, with teammate Howie Meeker noting his strong, consistent play. Ted Kennedy often spoke of his character. Jack Adams, famous for his managerial roles with the Detroit Red Wings, stated that Apps was the greatest centre he had ever seen. Boston Bruins legend Milt Schmidt called Apps the greatest player he ever played against, as did Ted Lindsay in relation to the centre position and gentlemanly characteristics.

In 1975, he was elected to Canada's Sports Hall of Fame and two years later Apps was made a Member of the Order of Canada.

Several institutions are named for him, including the Syl and Molly Apps Research Centre in Kingston, Ontario, and the Syl Apps Youth Centre in Oakville, Ontario. The sports arena in his home town of Paris is named the Syl Apps Community Centre.

In 1997, Syl Apps was inducted into the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame. Unveiled by the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame on January 13, 1998, the Syl Apps Award is emblematic of Ontario's Athlete of the Year.

In 2001, Canada Post included Apps in a series of NHL All-Star 47-cent postage stamps.

The National Hockey League itself listed Apps as one of the 100 Greatest Players to ever play in the league as part of the league's centennial celebrations in 2017.

Family
Apps and wife Mary Josephine had five children, Joanne, Robert, Carol, Janet and son Syl Apps Jr. (the latter also played in the NHL). His granddaughter (and daughter of Syl Jr.) Gillian Apps won the gold medal in the 2006 Winter Olympics, the 2010 Winter Olympics, and the 2014 Winter Olympics for Canada's women's ice hockey team, and his grandson Syl Apps III was a college hockey star at Princeton University and played four years in the minor leagues. His grandson Darren Barber won a gold medal at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics in the men's 8 in rowing. Barber is now a family doctor in Peterborough, Ontario. Another cousin, whose grandparents had settled in Manitoba, was Murray Dryden; his sons Dave Dryden and Ken Dryden were NHL Goalkeepers.

NHL awards and achievements

 * Calder Memorial Trophy winner in 1937.
 * Selected to the NHL Second All-Star Team in 1938, 1941, and 1943.
 * Selected to the NHL First All-Star Team in 1939, and 1942.
 * Lady Byng Memorial Trophy winner in 1942.
 * Stanley Cup champion in 1942, 1947, and 1948.
 * Inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961.
 * Inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1975.
 * In 1998, he was ranked number 33 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players.
 * #10 jersey retired by the Toronto Maple Leafs.
 * In January 2017, Apps was part of the first group of players to be named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

title: Syl Apps


text: Category:Bissau-Guinean people

title: Category:Bissau-Guinean people


text:
Talk:Black Oak Arkansas

Ruby
Black Oak Arkansas- Best known for The Song "Jim Dandy to the Rescue, With the Help of Ruby Starr. Ruby- also traveled with her own band "Grey Ghost". She opened for many of the Top Name bands in the 70's such as Black Sabbath, Bob Seger, etc. In the early to mid 80's Ruby was in a band called "Grey Star", in the Late 80's early 90's it was the Ruby Starr Band. This woman had an incredible voice, and i will never forget her. She rocked Wiscosin. But sad to say in the latest release of BOA dvd she is only mentioned by name, and they say thanks to her. You would think that who ever put the video together, could have given her alittle film footage, of her actually singing on the stage with the band. Ruby has since passed on. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 152.163.100.132 (talk) 02:06, 16 October 2004 (UTC)

Shawn Lane!
Why isn't Shawn Lane mentioned anywhere on the page? Read Shawn's biography here http://www.tarsun.net/bio.htm — Preceding unsigned comment added by Beatallica (talk • contribs) 03:41, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

 * There were probably upwards of 100 different musicians who jammed with Black Oak Arkansas, especially in different periods in their late history when the original members had left and the band was basically comprised of Jim Mangrum and a load of replacements. I don't think it's really historically relevant to list them all because they weren't part of the band when it was widely popular and they were recording albums that sold more than a few hundred copies.  However, I did include a link at the bottom of the article to a website that goes into detail listing every person that has ever played on stage with Black Oak Arkansas.  Personally I feel like that's enough information on the subject and there's really no need to replicate it here.  I guess someone could make a wiki "list of people who played with Black Oak Arkansas" but, again, I don't know if all that warrants its own page. The Bob Talbot 03:36, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Then again, Wiki isn't paper so there's room for everything, I guess! I may try to come up with a graceful way to write up some of the relevant later musicians.  Shawn Lane definitely was an accomplished musician and I'd hate to leave him out. The Bob Talbot 03:41, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

NPOV and Vandalism
The reason I kept removing your edits, "random IP people from Cork", is because they were not formatted correctly, they used sensationalist language, and were not NPOV. Granted those albums DO exist and I will try to format your additions into some Wikipedia proper form. However, I do not appreciate you vandalizing my user page repeatedly. I am sure we can work something out here! Thanks. The Bob Talbot 06:07, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

You have information that I don't, obviously. That's fine. Just keep it neutral, as in no diatribes on why it's "cool" and how "rocking" the lyrics are. If you can find some constructive way to add it please go ahead. As you can see I was able to add some of your stuff and I am still working on expanding on the later albums and putting who joined when. The Bob Talbot 06:54, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

Vandals
I have gone in and changed back some incorrect information that was inserted in the last few months. Somebody named Bill Godley inserted his name in place of Andy Tanas in the 77-78 version of the band. I was in the band at that time too and know that Andy was in the band and not Godley. This is an insult to the members of that band who were quality players and performed at a very high level if only a short time. I hope Mr. Godley will leave this article alone out of respect for the members of this version of Black Oak. Popsdrum 03:53, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

Recorded for Stax in Memphis or New Orleans???
I read both this entry for Black Oak Arkansas and the one for James Mangrum. This one says that:

"The Knowbody Else moved to Memphis, Tennessee in 1969 and signed a record deal with Stax Records. Their self-titled debut album, and their only album with Stax, was largely ignored by the populace."

but the article for Mangrum says that the Knowbody Else:

"moved to New Orleans and recorded a Stax record that went nowhere."

So was it Memphis or New Orleans that they moved to? Or did they sign the deal with Stax in Memphis and then move to New Orleans to record the album? Just hoping to clear up an apparent inconsistency between these two articles. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 141.164.151.49 (talk) 21:21, 31 March 2009 (UTC)

Non sequitur
Quote: ''The band's first PA system was stolen from Monette High School. The group then cleaned out an old galvanized grain bin on the edge of town and began blasting out ear-piercing sounds that echoed their special blend of music that came from rock, gospel, country and blues influences.[2] Members of the group were subsequently charged in absentia with grand larceny and sentenced to 26 years at the Tucker Prison Farm, a sentence that was later suspended.''

So the PA theft lead to them "cleaning out a grain bin" which created their special blend of music which then lead to the grand larceny charge? I think this section needs a rewrite. Thanks, Maikel (talk) 14:15, 15 February 2014 (UTC)

wow, this needs cleanup
The article reads as though written by Mangrum's press agent. While Mangrum remains one of my fave vocalists of the 1970s, that's NOT the purpose of an encyclopedia. What leapt out at me was Jim Dandy temporarily left the band for health reasons... which translates closer to "wrapped his car around a big ol' tree at exceptional velocity and busted up his back." Strike one.

As the Mangrum article says (somewhat disingenuously), "In 1982, he was involved in a car accident, and broke three vertebrae". I mean, "involved" makes it sound like some random stranger crashed into Mangrum's house. Proper questions remain entirely (intentionally) unaddressed: who was driving? alcohol or drugs? what did police have to say about the matter? were charges considered? Instead, the entire article cites six references... three of which are original research. Strike two.

Who was it who worked to turn "Black Oak Arkansas" into "Jim Dandy & This Week's Random Sidemen" rather than capitalizing on his fame and actually going solo? At what point did the original lineup -- particularly members who predated Mangrum -- lose equality? Anyone can impress me here by pointing to ONE INTERVIEW with any founding member. Call it a foul ball in the dirt... but very close to that third strike. As NONE of those founders has his own article, they ought properly receive presentation here in their singular shared claim to fame.

Another foul: that "26-year sentence" thing. Unless someone can point to official documents, or an archived newspaper article, or at least an interview with someone knowledgeable in the local law-enforcement or judicial system at that time, it's at best hearsay. Over at the Mangrum article, verity is claimed on the basis of an interview... with Mangrum. I'm tempted to wipe it entirely, but may just clarify that it's merely self-serving hype, the BOA version of biting the head off a bat.

Wow, almost struck out again: Reportedly, BOA is the rock band which holds the world record with the largest number of members who have belonged successively, a total of 61. !!! Strictly amateur league: pull some "fact" out of the air, then claim it's "reportedly" so. Shades of Jim Dandy is credited with inspiring Van Halen frontman David Lee Roth's image and onstage persona as well!!

If this is going to be a proper article, save the MANGRUM IS GOD stuff for Jim "Dandy" Mangrum. Tell me about BOA. Go ahead and make a visual Timeline of those revolving-door sidemen. Set up a Discography with RIAA (and maybe worldwide) numbers. Weeb Dingle (talk) 17:36, 8 April 2017 (UTC)

I updated the Refimprove. Changes will happen in an attempt to make this something more resembling an encyclopedia article than fansite blather. Weeb Dingle (talk) 14:27, 2 September 2017 (UTC)

Johnnie Bolin
Johnnie Bolin was Black Oaks Drummer starting in 1988- to present time, except if someone needed to stand in if he can’t -he isn’t even mentioned in the list(s) - Lakristine (talk) 04:17, 12 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Black Oak Arkansas


text:
Elkem

Elkem is a company that produces silicones, silicon, alloys for the foundry industry, carbon and microsilica, and other materials. Elkem was founded in 1904, has more than 7,000 employees and fields 30 production sites worldwide. Elkem has an operating income of NOK 33.7 billion. Elkem is responsible for a total of 2.52 million tonnes of scope 1 emissions in 2021. Elkem is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange (ticker: ELK).

Elkem manufactures silicone and carbon products.

History
Elkem was founded in 1904 by the industrial entrepreneur Sam Eyde (1866 – 1940). In 1917 a ferroalloy plant was acquired and Elkem started production of the Söderberg electrode.

In 1972 the company merged with Christiania Spigerverk. In 1981-84 Elkem acquired Union Carbides plants in Norway and North America and in 1986 the plants at Thamshavn and Bjølvefossen. In the 2000s Elkem had acquired Icelandic Alloy, Remi Claeys Aluminium and Sapa.

In January 2011 Elkem was sold to China National Bluestar Group.

As of 31.12.2021, the China National BlueStar-controlled company Bluestar Elkem Int.Co.LTD S.A is Elkem's largest shareholder, with 52.91% of the shares, ahead of Folketrygdfondet (4.59%) and Alfred Berg Kapitalforvaltning (3.51%)

title: Elkem


text:
Glycosaminoglycan

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) or mucopolysaccharides are long, linear polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units (i.e. two-sugar units). The repeating two-sugar unit consists of a uronic sugar and an amino sugar, except in the case of the sulfated glycosaminoglycan keratan, where, in place of the uronic sugar there is a galactose unit. GAGs are found in vertebrates, invertebrates and bacteria. Because GAGs are highly polar molecules and attract water; the body uses them as lubricants or shock absorbers.

Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of metabolic disorders in which abnormal accumulations of glycosaminoglycans occur due to enzyme deficiencies.

Production
Glycosaminoglycans vary greatly in molecular mass, disaccharide structure, and sulfation. This is because GAG synthesis is not template driven, as are proteins or nucleic acids, but constantly altered by processing enzymes.

GAGs are classified into four groups, based on their core disaccharide structures:
 * 1) Heparin/heparan sulfate (HSGAGs)
 * 2) Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CSGAGs) which along with HSGAGs are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus, where protein cores, made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, are post-translationally modified via O-linked glycosylation by glycosyltransferases, thus forming proteoglycans.
 * 3) Keratan sulfate which may modify core proteins through N-linked glycosylation or O-linked glycosylation of the proteoglycan
 * 4) Hyaluronic acid (also known as hyaluronan), which is synthesized by integral membrane synthases, which immediately secrete the dynamically elongated disaccharide chain.

HSGAG and CSGAG
HSGAG and CSGAG modified proteoglycans first begin with a consensus Ser-Gly/Ala-X-Gly motif in the core protein. Construction of a tetrasaccharide linker that consists of -GlcAβ1–3Galβ1–3Galβ1–4Xylβ1-O-(Ser)-, where xylosyltransferase, β4-galactosyl transferase (GalTI),β3-galactosyl transferase (GalT-II), and β3-GlcA transferase (GlcAT-I) transfer the four monosaccharides, begins synthesis of the GAG modified protein. The first modification of the tetrasaccharide linker determines whether the HSGAGs or CSGAGs will be added. Addition of a GlcNAc promotes the addition of HSGAGs while addition of GalNAc to the tetrasaccharide linker promotes CSGAG development. GlcNAcT-I transfers GlcNAc to the tetrasaccahride linker, which is distinct from glycosyltransferase GlcNAcT-II, the enzyme that is utilized to build HSGAGs. EXTL2 and EXTL3, two genes in the EXT tumor suppressor family, have been shown to have GlcNAcT-I activity. Conversely, GalNAc is transferred to the linker by the enzyme GalNAcT to initiate synthesis of CSGAGs, an enzyme which may or may not have distinct activity compared to the GalNAc transferase activity of chondroitin synthase.

With regard to HSGAGs, a multimeric enzyme encoded by EXT1 and EXT2 of the EXT family of genes, transfers both GlcNAc and GlcA for HSGAG chain elongation. While elongating, the HSGAG is dynamically modified, first by N-deacetylase, N-sulfotransferase (NDST1), which is a bifunctional enzyme that cleaves the N-acetyl group from GlcNAc and subsequently sulfates the N-position. Next, C-5 uronyl epimerase coverts d-GlcA to l-IdoA followed by 2-O sulfation of the uronic acid sugar by 2-O sulfotransferase (Heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase). Finally, the 6-O and 3-O positions of GlcNAc moities are sulfated by 6-O (Heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase) and 3-O (3-OST) sulfotransferases.

Chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which comprise CSGAGs, are differentiated from each other by the presence of GlcA and IdoA epimers respectively. Similar to the production of HSGAGs, C-5 uronyl epimerase converts d-GlcA to l-IdoA to synthesize dermatan sulfate. Three sulfation events of the CSGAG chains occur: 4-O and/or 6-O sulfation of GalNAc and 2-O sulfation of uronic acid. Four isoforms of the 4-O GalNAc sulfotransferases (C4ST-1, C4ST-2, C4ST-3, and D4ST-1) and three isoforms of the GalNAc 6-O sulfotransferases (C6ST, C6ST-2, and GalNAc4S-6ST) are responsible for the sulfation of GalNAc.

Keratan sulfate types
Unlike HSGAGs and CSGAGs, the third class of GAGs, those belonging to keratan sulfate types, are driven towards biosynthesis through particular protein sequence motifs. For example, in the cornea and cartilage, the keratan sulfate domain of aggrecan consists of a series of tandemly repeated hexapeptides with a consensus sequence of E(E/L)PFPS. Additionally, for three other keratan sulfated proteoglycans, lumican, keratocan, and mimecan (OGN), the consensus sequence NX(T/S) along with protein secondary structure was determined to be involved in N-linked oligosaccharide extension with keratan sulfate. Keratan sulfate elongation begins at the nonreducing ends of three linkage oligosaccharides, which define the three classes of keratan sulfate. Keratan sulfate I (KSI) is N -linked via a high mannose type precursor oligosaccharide. Keratan sulfate II (KSII) and keratan sulfate III (KSIII) are O-linked, with KSII linkages identical to that of mucin core structure, and KSIII linked to a 2-O mannose. Elongation of the keratan sulfate polymer occurs through the glycosyltransferase addition of Gal and GlcNAc. Galactose addition occurs primarily through the β-1,4-galactosyltransferase enzyme (β4Gal-T1) while the enzymes responsible for β-3-Nacetylglucosamine have not been clearly identified. Finally, sulfation of the polymer occurs at the 6-position of both sugar residues. The enzyme KS-Gal6ST (CHST1) transfers sulfate groups to galactose while N-acetylglucosaminyl-6-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc6ST) (CHST2) transfers sulfate groups to terminal GlcNAc in keratan sulfate.

Hyaluronic acid class
The fourth class of GAG, hyaluronic acid (HA), is not sulfated and is synthesized by three transmembrane synthase proteins HAS1, HAS2, and HAS3. HA, a linear polysaccharide, is composed of repeating disaccharide units of →4)GlcAβ(1→3)GlcNAcβ(1→ and has a very high molecular mass, ranging from 105 to 107 Da. Each HAS enzyme is capable of transglycosylation when supplied with UDP-GlcA and UDP-GlcNAc. HAS2 is responsible for very large hyaluronic acid polymers, while smaller sizes of HA are synthesized by HAS1 and HAS3. While each HAS isoform catalyzes the same biosynthetic reaction, each HAS isoform is independently active. HAS isoforms have also been shown to have differing Km values for UDP-GlcA and UDPGlcNAc. It is believed that through differences in enzyme activity and expression, the wide spectrum of biological functions mediated by HA can be regulated, such as its involvement with neural stem cell regulation in the subgranular zone of the brain.

Pharmacodynamics

 * HSGAGs: Endogenous heparin is localized and stored in secretory granules of mast cells. Histamine that is present within the granules is protonated (H2A2+) at pH within granules (5.2–6.0), thus it is believed that heparin, which is highly negatively charged, functions to electrostatically retain and store histamine.  In the clinic, heparin is administered as an anticoagulant and is also the first line choice for thromboembolic diseases.   Heparan sulfate (HS) has numerous biological activities and functions, including cell adhesion, regulation of cell growth and proliferation, developmental processes, cell surface binding of lipoprotein lipase and other proteins, angiogenesis, viral invasion, and tumor metastasis.

CSGAGs interact with heparin binding proteins, specifically dermatan sulfate interactions with fibroblast growth factor FGF-2 and FGF-7 have been implicated in cellular proliferation and wound repair while interactions with hepatic growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) activate the HGF/SF signaling pathway (c-Met) through its receptor. CSGAGs are important in providing support and adhesiveness in bone, skin, and cartilage. Other biological functions for which CSGAGs are known to play critical functions in include inhibition of axonal growth and regeneration in CNS development, roles in brain development, neuritogenic activity, and pathogen infection.

 * Keratan sulfates:One of the main functions of the third class of GAGs, keratan sulfates, is the maintenance of tissue hydration. Keratan sulfates are in the bone, cartilage, and the cornea of the eye. Within the normal cornea, dermatan sulfate is fully hydrated whereas keratan sulfate is only partially hydrated suggesting that keratan sulfate may behave as a dynamically controlled buffer for hydration. In disease states such as macular corneal dystrophy, in which GAGs levels such as KS are altered, loss of hydration within the corneal stroma is believed to be the cause of corneal haze, thus supporting the long-held hypothesis that corneal transparency is dependent on proper levels of keratan sulfate. Keratan sulfate GAGs are found in many other tissues besides the cornea, where they are known to regulate macrophage adhesion, form barriers to neurite growth, regulate embryo implantation in the endometrial uterine lining during menstrual cycles, and affect the motility of corneal endothelial cells.  In summary, KS plays an anti-adhesive role, which suggests very important functions of KS in cell motility and attachment as well as other potential biological processes.

Dermatan sulfates

Dermatan sulfates function in the skin, tendons, blood vessels, and heart valves.

 * Hyaluronic acid: Hyaluronic acid is a major component of synovial tissues and fluid, as well as the ground substance of other connective tissues. Hyaluronic acid binds cells together, lubricates joints, and helps maintain the shape of the eyeballs. :The viscoelasticity of hyaluronic acid make it ideal for lubricating joints and surfaces that move along each other, such as cartilage. A solution of hyaluronic acid under low shear stress has a much higher viscosity than while under high shear stress. Hyaluronidase, an enzyme produced by white blood cells, sperms cells, and some bacteria, breaks apart the hyaluronic acid, causing the solution to become more liquid.
 * In vivo, hyaluronic acid forms randomly kinked coils that entangle to form a hyaluronan network, slowing diffusion and forming a diffusion barrier that regulates transport of substances between cells. For example, hyaluronan helps partition plasma proteins between vascular and extravascular spaces, which affects solubility of macromolecules in the interstitium, changes chemical equilibria, and stabilizes the structure of collagen fibers.
 * Other functions include matrix interactions with hyaluronan binding proteins such as hyaluronectin, glial hyaluronan binding protein, brain enriched hyaluronan binding protein, collagen VI, TSG-6, and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor. Cell surface interactions involving hyaluronan are its well-known coupling with CD44, which may be related to tumor progression, and also with RHAMM (Hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor), which has been implicated in developmental processes, tumor metastasis, and pathological reparative processes.  Fibroblasts, mesothelial cells, and certain types of stem cells surround themselves in a pericellular "coat", part of which is constructed from hyaluronan, in order to shield themselves from bacteria, red blood cells, or other matrix molecules.  For example, with regards to stem cells, hyaluronan, along with chondroitin sulfate, helps to form the stem cell niche.  Stem cells are protected from the effects of growth factors by a shield of hyaluronan and minimally sulfated chondroitin sulfate.  During progenitor division, the daughter cell moves outside of this pericellular shield where it can then be influenced by growth factors to differentiate even further.

Classification
Members of the glycosaminoglycan family vary in the type of hexosamine, hexose or hexuronic acid unit they contain (e.g. glucuronic acid, iduronic acid, galactose, galactosamine, glucosamine).

They also vary in the geometry of the glycosidic linkage.

Examples of GAGs include:

Abbreviations

 * GlcUA = β-D-glucuronic acid
 * GlcUA(2S) = 2-O-sulfo-β-D-glucuronic acid
 * IdoUA = α-L-iduronic acid
 * IdoUA(2S) = 2-O-sulfo-α-L-iduronic acid
 * Gal = β-D-galactose
 * Gal(6S) = 6-O-sulfo-β-D-galactose
 * GalNAc = β-D-N-acetylgalactosamine
 * GalNAc(4S) = β-D-N-acetylgalactosamine-4-O-sulfate
 * GalNAc(6S) = β-D-N-acetylgalactosamine-6-O-sulfate
 * GalNAc(4S,6S) = β-D-N-acetylgalactosamine-4-O, 6-O-sulfate
 * GlcNAc = α-D-N-acetylglucosamine
 * GlcNS = α-D-N-sulfoglucosamine
 * GlcNS(6S) = α-D-N-sulfoglucosamine-6-O-sulfate

title: Glycosaminoglycan


text: Category:Roman Catholic archbishops

title: Category:Roman Catholic archbishops


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Progress and Growth

Progress and Growth
Non-encyclopedic essay. jengod 02:14, Oct 16, 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete --French Tourist 11:56, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: College essay. (Capitalism requires growth to tread water.  Hence, with finite customers, it must lead to imperialism or war, according to Marxist analysts.  However, like a natural system, war will breed loss which will mean attenuation, etc.  Very brutal stuff.) Geogre 14:18, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. The point of his article may be on target, but that doesn't make it belong here. Essay. --Improv 15:40, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text:
CHEX-DT

CHEX-DT (channel 12) is a television station in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, part of the Global Television Network. Owned and operated by network parent Corus Entertainment, the station maintains studios on Monaghan Road (near Rose Avenue) in the southern portion of Peterborough, and its transmitter is located on Television Hill, just outside the city.

History
The station signed on the air on March 26, 1955, as an independently-owned affiliate of CBC Television; its inaugural broadcast was a National Hockey League ice hockey game. CHEX was founded by a media partnership that already published The Peterborough Examiner newspaper and owned radio station CHEX (now CKRU). The partnership included politician Rupert Davies, who was also involved in a similar arrangement in Kingston that established CKWS-TV. The Davies family sold its media interests to Power Corporation of Canada in 1976. On April 13, 2000, the station was acquired by Canadian media conglomerate Corus Entertainment.

On May 20, 2015, Corus and Bell Media announced an agreement whereby its three CBC stations would leave the public network (after 60 years in the case of CHEX) and "affiliate" with CTV. The affiliation switch took effect on August 31, 2015. Most TV service providers serving the region already carry CBLT, and any that did not would have to add a CBC affiliate such as CBLT to their basic services in order to comply with Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) regulations. Legally the affiliation with CTV was described as a "program supply agreement", and not as an "affiliation" (a term with specific legal implications under CRTC rules), as Corus maintained editorial control over the stations' programming and the ability to sell local advertising, and did not delegate responsibility for CTV programs aired by the station to Bell Media. The switch was approved by the CRTC on August 27, 2015, dismissing objections by Rogers Media (who argued that the change was an "affiliation" and thus required CRTC consent to implement, and was not in the public interest because it created duplicate sources of CTV programming), and by a resident who complained that because he only received television over the air, he would lose his ability to receive CBC Television as a result of the disaffiliation.

Following the expiration of CHEX's three-year deal with CTV, the station became a Global owned-and-operated station (O&O) and rebranded itself as Global Peterborough on August 27, 2018; the CHEX branding was retained for the station's newscasts.

News operation
Local newscasts, branded as CHEX News, air weekdays from 6-9 a.m., at 12:00 p.m., weeknights at 6:00, and 11:00 p.m., and weekends at 6:00 and 11:00 p.m.

In September 2016, CHEX began to replace CTV News programming with Global News programs, moving its late-night newscast to 11 p.m. to replace the CTV National News (the vacant timeslot at 11:30 p.m. was replaced with ET Canada), and adding an airing of Global National. On October 24, 2016, CHEX premiered a local morning newscast known as The Morning Show, which was patterned after the program of the same name aired by CIII-DT and the Global News Morning format used in other markets.

Analogue-to-digital conversion
CHEX-TV began offering a high definition feed on Cogeco Cable in the Peterborough area in November 2010. The station switched its over-the-air signal from analogue to digital on May 9, 2013.

The CRTC has not listed Peterborough as one of its mandatory markets for analogue television shutdown and digital conversion, and as a result CHEX-TV was not required to convert to digital transmissions on the transition date of August 31, 2011.

Transmitters
In 1965, CHEX-TV was authorized to add a rebroadcast transmitter at Bancroft, Ontario on channel 2 as CHEX-TV-1, but it moved to channel 4 in 1973 to make room for a new Global transmitter (CIII-TV-2). In the late 1960s to early 1970s, a new rebroadcast transmitter was added in Minden to operate on channel 10 as CHEX-TV-2, later changed to channel 7. The Minden rebroadcaster was deleted during the 1980s. In 1992, a new rebroadcast transmitter was added to serve Oshawa and areas on channel 22, as CHEX-TV-2.

title: CHEX-DT


text:
Maple Grove, Ontario

There are many communities in Ontario, Canada named Maple Grove:

 * Maple Grove, Brant County, Ontario
 * Maple Grove, Dufferin County, Ontario
 * Maple Grove, Durham Regional Municipality, Ontario
 * Maple Grove, Huron County, Ontario
 * Maple Grove, Leeds and Grenville United Counties, Ontario
 * Maple Grove, Middlesex County, Ontario
 * Maple Grove, Simcoe County, Ontario
 * Maple Grove, Ontario (ghost town) (displaced by the St. Lawrence seaway)

title: Maple Grove, Ontario


text: Category:Olympic volleyball players by year


text:
Talk:Ford Taurus

Talk page content archived
Self-explanatory; just noticed that it was getting a bit cluttered and outdated. -- SteveCof00 "suggestion box" 07:23, 19 May 2014 (UTC)

Reviving a 4+ year old idea that was mine in the first place... how does merge articles?
Back in '11 I had the idea of merging the article on the Ford Taurus SHO into this one. Unfortunately, being a WP n00b (still am), I didn't know how to merge articles (still don't), so the articles are still separate over 4 years later. The idea met with unanimous consent backed up by precedent back then, so should I just go ahead?

The small discussion is #50 in archive #1. Icanhasaccount has an account 05:13, 11 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Personally, I'd prefer a new discussion. This is simply because one of those users was brand new, one was an IP, and the only vaguely experienced editor of the three actually opposed the move (so no, it wasn't unanimous). Personally, I think the SHO has enough notable differences for a separate article myself, but I'm open to discussion either way. Luke no 94  (tell Luke off here) 11:18, 11 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Oops, got confused, was looking at the SHO's talk page for a 2009 discussion. I see that the other two edits whom agreed with you were experienced editors. Nevertheless, that discussion came around the time that the sixth-gen SHO came out; as it is so far down the line now, I still think a new discussion is worth having. Luke no 94  (tell Luke off here) 11:20, 11 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Keep Separate I'm looking at the talk page for the SHO article, and while most of it is irrelevant, there is a case for it being different enough to be considered a sub-model of the corresponding generation. Another example for comparison is the Ford Mustang SVT Cobra, which is unlikely to be merged, or the SVT Raptor (which does not have its own article space as of now).  The SHO article has sufficient content to stand on its own and would have to be merged into 4 different articles (each generation produced) rather than this one alone, another reason to say no.--SteveCof00My Suggestion box is open 12:15, 11 January 2015 (UTC)

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Restored paragraph on SHO's "sleeper" characteristics
The paragraph on the SHO's "factory sleeper" characteristics has been removed a second time, but this time after it stood for well over a year. (Clearly by someone who doesn't bother to read the talk section/history of the article!!) I have again restored the paragraph based on the original premise. However, I did update it so it didn't refer to the then-current year (2016) in order to make it stand the test of time. In addition to that, I would like to add that Ford absolutely intended for the car to be a "sleeper" sedan, so a paragraph noting this quality is actually essential to understanding the nature of the SHO. This is a well known fact particularly in the SHO enthusiast community, which worked very hard to bring back the SHO in 2010. There was once a dedicated website for it, which no longer exists, but this page does reference it: https://www.autoblog.com/2007/08/31/bring-back-the-sho-how-about-a-coupe/. The SHO's sleeper nature is also generally well known, as mentioned in the original notes below, just google "Taurus Sleeper" to see what I mean. That characteristic is literally the heart and soul of this vehicle sub-model/trim. Keep in mind (from my original notes below) that I own this vehicle, and while no longer particularly active in the SHO community, so I have a very vivid and recent recollection of the car's history. — Preceding comment added by Rcryniak (talk • contribs) 13:47, 7 January 2018 (UTC) Rcryniak (talk) 13:47, 7 January 2018 (UTC)

---Original notes on paragraph restoration--- A recent addition I made was undone by another Wikipedian based on the premise that it a "fan forum" wasn't a good resource. I'm a bit of a Wikipedia noob, so I had to think through that, but ultimately I had to agree - it's a source full of opinion, so I get it, and accepted the removal. (Granted most enthusiast sites are chock full of valid information too, but I digress.)

However, the bottom line is that I was surprised that no mention of the SHO's "sleeper"-ness was made, or that it's a very routinely modded vehicle (to enhance that contrast between unassuming exterior and the beast within) and that has been (frankly) one of the defining characteristics of the SHO trim for the Taurus line. People who buy such a car (myself included, as I do own one) often buy it *because* it's a high performance sleeper. It's really quite fun to pull up next to a sports car, Mustang, Camaro, etc., and see the looks on their faces when they get their doors blown off by a "Taurus". It's just... too much fun.

Anyhow, I apologize for the personal anecdote there, but the bottom line is that the sleeper characteristic is a defining one for this car, and I felt that Wikipedia was being hurt by having its Ford Taurus article not include that key fact, when that fact is widely mentioned elsewhere. Just Google "taurus sleeper" and you'll see what I mean. It's absence was felt in this article, so I aimed to correct that.

Again, I agree with removing the "beloved by owners" and the reference to the fan forum, I do get it... so I replaced that with a more noteworthy reference that makes the same point: An article on the sleeper-ish-ness and mod-ability by Road & Track. I hope that's more palatable. — Preceding comment added by Rcryniak (talk • contribs) 03:55, 16 April 2016 (UTC) Rcryniak (talk) 03:59, 16 April 2016 (UTC)

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Article needed for seventh-generation Taurus
Although most information of this version is going to be harder to find through English-language sources, having been sold for over 2 years, it deserves its own article space as well. --SteveCof00 (talk) 08:14, 12 March 2018 (UTC)

We have to do something with the Mercury Sable article
I propose thatMercury Sable be merged into the Taurus generation articles. While the Taurus and Sable have significant cosmetic differences, they are the same vehicle underneath. However, my main concern and reason for this proposal goes to the quality of the article itself. The Sable article is poorly written and just about all of it's content is forked from the individual Ford Taurus generation articles. However, while the Taurus article has been continuously updated and improved, the Sable article has been left dormant. Each individual generation Ford Taurus generation article has a section about the Sable that describes its differences and contains any unique Sable information, thus I think the Sable article would be best shortened with links to the "Mercury Sable" section of each Ford Taurus generation article. However, if we decide to keep them separate article, it will need attention. It may need to be rewritten entirely and likely condensed, with the un necessary redundant information removed and each generation section linking to the individual Ford Taurus generation articles. Reattacollector (talk) 23:32, 9 April 2018 (UTC)

 * Poorly written? For reference, both cars are B-Class articles on their own, which is very hard to find in WikiProject Automobiles--SteveCof00 (talk) 10:35, 12 April 2018 (UTC)

Ford Taurus and the Rise of Statistical Process Control at Ford
The Taurus was the first American car to incorporate the statistical methods of W. Edwards Deming in design and manufacture. I've added some info on this to the article under the "first generation" heading. This ought to also be in the lede as well. Sbelknap (talk) 04:22, 23 September 2018 (UTC)

NASCAR and Taurus
This article implies that there is some connection between the Taurus automobile and the race cars which have a "Taurus" skin. Perhaps this section was intended for those who also believe that professional midget wrestling is 100% legitimate. This section should be eliminated unless it can be shown that there is one piece in common between the two. If so much as one bolt or nut is the same, then this part could be mentioned, otherwise I fail to see the value of this section.BrianAlex (talk) 18:02, 28 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ford Taurus


text:
Talk:Hamites (genus)

Move discussion in progress
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20081013091524/http://homepage.mac.com/nmonks/Projects/ammonitereconstr.html to http://homepage.mac.com/nmonks/Projects/ammonitereconstr.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20081013091524/http://homepage.mac.com/nmonks/Projects/ammonitereconstr.html to http://homepage.mac.com/nmonks/Projects/ammonitereconstr.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20081013091524/http://homepage.mac.com/nmonks/Projects/ammonitereconstr.html to http://homepage.mac.com/nmonks/Projects/ammonitereconstr.html

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title: Talk:Hamites (genus)


text:
CBEFT

CBEFT was the Radio-Canada owned-and-operated television station serving Franco-Ontarians in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Previously licensed as a standalone television station, it later operated as a semi-satellite of Toronto station CBLFT-DT. It broadcast an analogue signal on UHF channel 35 from a transmitter near Concession Road 12 in Essex.

Owned by the Société Radio-Canada arm of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, it was a sister to CBC Television outlet CBET-DT and operated master control facilities at that station's studios on Riverside Drive West and Crawford Avenue (near the Detroit River) in downtown Windsor.

On cable, CBEFT was seen on Cogeco Windsor channel 12. It was not seen on the Detroit-area systems, such as Comcast Detroit nor Bright House Livonia. The station broadcast at 144 kW with a directional antenna, relatively low for a full-powered analogue station on the UHF band. It could be picked up to some degree in the Detroit area, as far west as Washtenaw and Lenawee counties and as far south as Sandusky and Port Clinton, Ohio.

CBEFT as originating station
The station first aired on Channel 78 in 1976, making it Canada's second-highest-numbered UHF station following the launch of CITY-TV in 1972 on Channel 79. Originally, it was a full-time satellite of Radio-Canada flagship CBFT in Montreal.

CBEFT was the first non-English TV station to sign-on in the Detroit-Windsor market — it would be later joined by Spanish-language SIN affiliate W66BV (channel 19, now WUDL-LD) in 1983. During that period, and again from 2004 to 2009, the Detroit/Windsor market was the only market in the United States or Canada with terrestrial stations in both Spanish and French; the Spanish station during the latter period was Univision affiliate WUDT-CA on channel 23. After WUDT switched to the English-language Daystar Television Network in August 2009, CBEFT again became the sole terrestrial non-English station in the market.

CBEFT offered the full Radio-Canada line-up, except for some American series; this is because Windsor is reckoned as part of the Detroit market for the purposes of programming rights. Also, most Montreal Expos baseball games were not seen on CBEFT, as Windsor is part of Detroit Tigers territory.

CBEFT moved to channel 54 on September 29, 1982, when TV channels above 69 were removed from the TV spectrum.

CBEFT as rebroadcaster
From the mid-1980s at the earliest, it was a semi-satellite of CBLFT in Toronto as part of the Ontario-Outaouais network. In 1991, as part of cost-cutting measures at the CBC, CBEFT's licence, along with all other Radio-Canada transmitters in Ontario, was merged with that of CBOFT in Ottawa. However, CBEFT, along with CBLFT's other former repeaters, carried the split-feed newscast for the rest of Ontario that was produced at CBOFT.

On April 28, 2010, the CRTC relicensed CBLFT as a standalone station, which would again produce a separate newscast for the province of Ontario outside of CBOFT's primary market. At the same time, CBEFT was relicensed as a rebroadcaster of CBLFT. In recent years, CBEFT relayed CBLFT off a satellite link, which would get disrupted under severe weather conditions, which would cause its equipment to display an error message.

Demise
CBEFT was forced to move again to UHF 35 when channels 52–69 were removed from the television spectrum on August 31, 2011; the new channel was granted when other nearby stations that broadcast on channel 35 in analog - WDCQ-TV in Bad Axe, Michigan; WGVU-TV in Grand Rapids, Michigan; WSEE-TV in Erie, Pennsylvania; and WLIO in Lima, Ohio - moved to new digital frequencies. CBEFT occupied analogue UHF 35 for less than a year before going permanently dark, as by 2011, the CBC had made clear that it had no plans to convert any non-originating stations in mandatory transition markets to digital. On August 16, 2011, the CRTC granted a one-year temporary extension to continue operation of 22 repeaters in mandatory markets, including CBEFT, in analogue until August 31, 2012.

On July 31, 2012, CBC and Radio-Canada decommissioned their entire network of re-transmitters nationwide, shutting down all 620 analogue signals permanently as a cost-cutting measure. The network abandoned its over-the-air viewers in every market in which it did not operate broadcast studios, regardless of whether the markets were required to convert to digital television.

No CBC or Radio-Canada television re-transmitters were converted to digital. CBC did convert CBEFT's English language sister station CBET to digital, as it is an originating station.

On June 8, 2012, local Windsor NDP MPs Brian Masse and Joe Comartin asked CBC president Hubert Lacroix to reconsider shutting down CBEFT, recommending instead to install digital multiplexing equipment and carry CBEFT on a digital subchannel of sister station CBET-DT. This was also supported by Windsor City Council. CBC was not willing to implement digital subchannels to restore programming in Windsor or any other market in which one of the two languages was formerly provided by a re-broadcast transmitter. Current CRTC regulations permit subchannels, but require they be licensed separately.

On July 17, 2012, the CRTC approved the CBC's plans to close down all repeaters, including CBEFT, by August 1, 2012. Their licenses were revoked at CBC's request. As CBC retained valuable cable television slots in all communities which it had abandoned over-the-air, the network claims that only a minority of viewers have completely lost the signal.

Following CBEFT's closure on August 1, 2012, the corresponding cable slot on Cogeco and other area systems was assigned to CBLFT.

title: CBEFT


text:
Gibraltar, Ontario

Gibraltar, Ontario can mean the following places:

 * Gibraltar, Grey County, Ontario
 * Gibraltar, Manitoulin District, Ontario

title: Gibraltar, Ontario


text:
Crash

Crash or CRASH may refer to:

Common meanings

 * Collision, an impact between two or more objects
 * Crash (computing), a condition where a program is abruptly forcibly terminated for performing an illegal operation.
 * Cardiac arrest, a medical condition in which the heart stops beating
 * Couch surfing, temporarily staying at another person's home
 * Gate crashing, the act of entering an event without invitation
 * Stock market crash, a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices
 * Traffic collision, a vehicle hitting another object

Film

 * The Crash (1932 film), a drama starring Ruth Chatterton
 * Crash (1974 film), a Norwegian drama directed by Rolf Clemens
 * Crash!, a 1977 suspense drama starring José Ferrer and Sue Lyon
 * Crash (1978 film), a made-for-TV docudrama starring William Shatner and Adrienne Barbeau
 *  Crash: The Mystery of Flight 1501, a 1990 made-for-TV film starring Cheryl Ladd
 * Crash (1996 film), a drama directed by David Cronenberg
 * Crash (2004 film), directed by Paul Haggis and winner of the 2005 Academy Award for Best Picture
 * The Crash (2017 film), a thriller directed by Aram Rappaport

Television

 * Crash (American TV series), an American drama based on the 2004 film
 * Crash (Danish TV series), a Danish science-fiction series
 * Crash (South Korean TV series), a South Korean comedy crime investigative series
 * Crash (Welsh TV series), an English-language Welsh medical drama series
 * Crashh, a 2021 Indian web series
 * Çarpışma, a 2018-19 Turkish TV series

Publications

 * Crash (J. G. Ballard novel), the basis of the 1996 film
 * Crash (magazine), dedicated to the ZX Spectrum home computer and published from 1984 to 1991
 * Crash (Spinelli novel), by Jerry Spinelli, 1996
 * Crash Magazine, a French independent magazine
 * Crash! (manga), a 2007 manga series by Yuka Fujiwara

Bands

 * Crash (South Korean band), a thrash metal band, who formed in 1991 from Seoul
 * Crash (UK band), an indie rock band, from New York in the 1980s

Albums

 * Crash (Billy "Crash" Craddock album) (1976)
 * Crash (Dave Matthews Band album) (1996)
 * Crash (Decyfer Down album) (2009)
 * Crash (The Human League album) (1986)
 * Crash (Kehlani album) (2024)
 * Crash! (album), by guitarist Kenny Burrell (1963)
 * Crash (Charli XCX album) (2022)

Songs

 * "Crash" (Cavo song) (2009)
 * "Crash" (Feeder song) (1997)
 * "Crash" (The Primitives song) (1988)
 * "Crash" (Royseven song) (2007)
 * "Crash" (Gwen Stefani song) (2006)
 * "Crash" (Have Some Fun), by TKA featuring Michelle Visage (1990)
 * "Crash" (Usher song) (2016)
 * "Crash", by Baboon from Something Good Is Going to Happen to You, 2002
 * "Crash" by Delta Goodrem on her album Bridge Over Troubled Dreams 2021
 * "Crash", by Shayne Ward from Obsession, 2010
 * "Crash", by Nicola Roberts from Cinderella's Eyes, 2011
 * "Crash!", by Propellerheads from Extended Play, 1998

Fictional characters

 * Crash, a prehistoric opossum character in the Ice Age franchise
 * Crash, an anthropomorphic puppet and main character in the Disney XD sitcom Crash & Bernstein
 * Crash Bandicoot (character), the primary protagonist in the video game series of the same name

Video games

 * Burnout Crash!, a spin-off of the Burnout series
 * Crash Bandicoot, a series of adventure video games
 * Crash Bandicoot (video game), the first game of the series
 * Hot Wheels: Crash!, a video game released in 1999 for Microsoft Windows

Card games

 * Crash (card game), a British card game
 * CRASH convention, a convention in the game of contract bridge

People

 * Crash (graffiti artist), American artist John Matos (born 1961)
 * Ray "Crash" Corrigan (1902–1976), American actor
 * Billy "Crash" Craddock (born 1939), country music singer
 * Darby Crash (1958–1980), punk rock musician
 * Crash Davis (1919–2001), American baseball player who inspired the name of the movie character
 * Crash Holly and Crash, ring names of American professional wrestler Mike Lockwood (1971–2003)

Sports teams

 * Indy Crash, a women's full contact football team in the Women's Football Alliance
 * Iowa City Crash, a team in the Midwest Rugby League

Other uses

 * Crash (genus), a genus of fossil bandicoots published in 2014
 * Crash cymbal, used in occasional drumming accents
 * HMS Crash, British Royal Navy vessels
 * Sugar crash, a supposed sense of fatigue after consuming a large number of carbohydrates
 * Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums (CRASH), a unit of the Los Angeles Police Department
 * Crash, (herd) of rhinoceroses
 * Crash (fabric), a plain linen fabric used for towels
 * Crash, slang for a drug comedown

title: Crash


text:
Wien (river)

The Wien is a river that flows through Austria's capital Vienna.

Geography
The river Wien is 34 km long, of which 15 km are within the city. Its drainage basin covers an area of 221 km2, both in the city and in the neighbouring Vienna Woods. Its source lies in the western Vienna Woods near Rekawinkel and its mouth at the eastern end of the city centre of Vienna, next to the Urania, where it flows into the Donaukanal ("Danube Canal"), a branch of the Danube.

The Wien is subject to huge variations in flow. In its headwaters in the Vienna Woods, the soil is underlain by sandstone. Because of this, during heavy rain the soil quickly saturates, resulting in substantial runoff. Thus, the flow of the Wien can quickly increase from a creek-like 200 L/s to 450,000 L/s in the heaviest rains or during the spring snowmelt in the Vienna Woods, a ratio of over 1:2000.

The Wien River and the city of Vienna
Within the city limits, the river bed consists almost entirely of concrete, which was installed between 1895 and 1899 in order to stop the devastating floods, sometimes accompanied by cholera, which the river had regularly caused before that time. At the same time, the Stadtbahn ("city railway") was built, which makes use of the concrete river bed and is only separated from the river by a wall. It is now part of the Vienna U-Bahn system.

Along the course of the river, the Naschmarkt and the Theater an der Wien can be found. Much of the river is covered over in the city, particularly in front of Schönbrunn Palace, in the Meidling and Naschmarkt neighbourhoods and around Karlsplatz near the city centre.

The River Gate was built in the years 1903 to 1906 and was opened to the general public on 15 November 1906. The gate forms one of the most beautiful Jugendstil scenes to be found in the city of Vienna.

In 2013, the City of Vienna approved plans to build three terraces along the river valley. Each terrace (or "zone") will cover a total area of 2500 sqm. The first terrace is expected to be completed by 2015.

Cycling and walking beside the Wien
For safety reasons, cycling or walking in the concrete bed of the Wien is officially prohibited. A continually controversial topic is whether to build cycle paths and footpaths next to the water. Proponents believe the water flow can be safely regulated, while opponents do not believe this is possible. In 2005, a short segment was opened to the public, near Hütteldorf railway station. It features an audible and visual alarm system to warn users to leave the path if flooding is imminent. Extensions to this path have been proposed, but continue to receive much opposition. The path is open from March to October.

Nomenclature
In German, the river is colloquially called the "Wienfluss". Since English uses the name "Vienna" for what in German is called "Wien", in English the river is sometimes called the "Vienna River".

title: Wien (river)


text:
User talk:Borisborf

BorisBorf Says:

Lets have a fair discussion about my edits. Is there something that you do not agree with? Have a bug to pick with me? Let me know below and I'll try to respond. Please sign and date your posts or don't expect an answer!

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia. An article you recently created,, has been tagged for speedy deletion because its content is clearly written to promote a company, product, or service. This article may have been deleted by the time you see this message. Please keep in mind that Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not an advertising service. Thank you. Pepith 09:41, 10 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I RVed the Wingstreet article back to before the edits of 168.182.39.249 due to the NPOV/advertisement issue. The person completely rewrote the article (without any mention in the talk) to sound like an advertisement and made it fall outside of WP guidelines.--Borisborf 02:55, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

Happy 18 th Birthday my younger brother! -- Samuel 13-Feb. 02007

Speedy deletion of Video Update
A tag has been placed on Video Update requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a company or corporation, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not indicate the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for companies and corporations.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. KurtRaschke (talk) 01:43, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Borisborf


text:
Gwen Guthrie

Gwendolyn Guthrie (July 9, 1950 – February 3, 1999) was an American singer-songwriter and pianist who also sang backing vocals for Aretha Franklin, Billy Joel, Stevie Wonder, Peter Tosh, The Limit and Madonna, among others, and who wrote songs made famous by Ben E. King, Angela Bofill and Roberta Flack. Guthrie is well known for her 1986 anthem "Ain't Nothin' Goin' On but the Rent," and for her 1986 cover of the song "(They Long to Be) Close to You."

Life and career
Guthrie was born and raised in Newark, New Jersey. In school, she studied classical music, and her father began teaching her piano when she was eight years old. By the early 1970s, she had joined vocal groups such as the Ebonettes and the Matchmakers, while working as an elementary school teacher. She was a backup singer on Aretha Franklin's 1974 single "I'm in Love".

Guthrie soon began moonlighting as a singer of commercial jingles, sometimes with her friend Valerie Simpson of Ashford & Simpson fame. A song-writing partnership with then-boyfriend, trombonist/bassist Haras Fyre (professionally known as "Patrick Grant") resulted in Ben E. King's comeback single "Supernatural Thing," an R&B #1 (#5 pop) hit in 1975, and the follow-up, "Do It In the Name of Love (#4 R&B). They also wrote "This Time I'll Be Sweeter" for Angela Bofill, which was later covered by numerous artists. Together they wrote seven tracks on Sister Sledge's 1975 album Circle of Love. "Cross My Heart", "Protect Our Love", "Love Don't You Go Through No Changes on Me", "Don't You Miss Him Now", "Pain Reliever", "You're Much Better Off Loving Me", and "Fireman". She also wrote Roberta Flack's "God Don't Like Ugly".

In 1981 she sang a duet of Mitchell and Harris's "Nothing But Love" with Peter Tosh on his album Wanted Dread and Alive.

As Guthrie's solo career developed, she worked extensively with Sly and Robbie on dub-influenced club cuts and began racking up dance hits. She was dubbed "The First Lady of the Paradise Garage," as several of her songs became anthems at that venue, helped by the frequent and dynamic performances she gave there. She soon teamed musically with famed Paradise Garage DJ Larry Levan and recorded her first major landmark hit "Padlock" in 1983 with the Compass Point All Stars in Nassau, Bahamas, which became a club and radio hit two years later. She also sang backup on Madonna's 1982 debut album. In 1984 Guthrie was featured on the club hit Say Yeah with the group The Limit featuring Dutch producers Bernard Oattes and Rob van Schaik. The track reached number 17 in the UK singles chart. Guthrie was also executive producer and singer on the minor hit "Naughty Times" by Cutty also released in 1984 on Hudson River Records.

Guthrie is probably best known for her 1986 dance anthem "Ain't Nothin' Goin' on But the Rent", a self-written and produced track that garnered some controversy for its materialistic lyrics such as: "You've got to have a j-o-b if you want to be with me/No romance without finance." "Ain't Nothin' Goin' on But the Rent" was later sampled by numerous dance and hip hop artists, notably by Foxy Brown in her 1998 song "JOB" featuring Mýa, and by Utah Saints for the original version of their hit "What Can You Do for Me." The song is referenced in the Eddie Murphy monologue "No Romance without Finance" in his Eddie Murphy Raw comedy special. Guthrie also had a hit in 1986 with a cover of "(They Long to Be) Close to You," which reached number twenty-five on the UK Singles Chart the same year.

Her 1988 single "Can't Love You Tonight" boldly addressed AIDS at a time when the disease was a rather taboo subject. Guthrie was an ally of the gay community, and of people with AIDS. Proceeds from the single went to the AIDS Coalition.

Other club hits by Guthrie include the Compass Point All Stars-produced "Seventh Heaven," "Peanut Butter," and "Peek-a-Boo." "Padlock" was later covered by M People, who included it on their 1995 album Bizarre Fruit, featuring vocalist Heather Small.

Death
Guthrie died of uterine cancer on February 3, 1999, at the age of 48, and was interred at Fairmount Cemetery in Newark, New Jersey.

Compilation albums

 * Ticket to Ride (1987, 4th & B'way)
 * Ultimate Collection (1999, Hip-O)

title: Gwen Guthrie


text:
Elkhorn Mountains (Oregon)

The Elkhorn Mountains are a mountain range, part of the Blue Mountains in the northwest United States. Located in northeastern Oregon west of Baker City, the highest point in the range is Rock Creek Butte at 9106 ft above sea level.

The Elkhorn Mountains are partly within the Wallowa–Whitman National Forest and the North Fork John Day Wilderness.

Anthony Lakes ski area is in the range, west of North Powder.

title: Elkhorn Mountains (Oregon)


text:
Nylon (disambiguation)

Nylon is a generic term for a class of polymers.

Nylon or Nylons may also refer to:

Nylon polymers

 * Nylon 66, (aka nylon 6-6, nylon 6,6 or nylon 6/6) a type of polyamide in common use
 * Nylon 6, or polycaprolactam is a polymer in common use
 * Nylon 11, or polyamide 11 (PA 11) is a bioplastic polyamide
 * Nylon 12, a polyamide synthesized from 12-carbon monomers
 * Nylon 46 (aka nylon 4–6, nylon 4/6 or nylon 4,6, PA46, Polyamide 46), a high heat resistant polyamide
 * Nylon 4, or polybutyrolactam, a biodegradable nylon
 * Nylon 1,6 (aka polyamide 1,6), a type of polyamide
 * Nylon TMDT (also known as Nylon 6-3-T), a type of transparent nylon

Garments and fabric

 * Nylon stockings, held up by a suspender belt ("sussies") or top elastic
 * Nylons, or pantyhose
 * Nylons, or tights, a type of leggings
 * Ballistic nylon, a thick, tough, nylon fabric

Music

 * Nylon (album), a 2005–2006 album by Anna Vissi
 * Nylon (band), an Icelandic girl band
 * The Nylons, a Canadian a cappella group
 * The Nylons (album), 1982

People

 * Judy Nylon, multidisciplinary artist
 * Nylon Chen, Taiwanese singer and actor

Firearms

 * Remington Nylon 66, a rifle made with a non-wood stock
 * Remington Nylon 76, a lever-action rifle

Other uses

 * Nylon (magazine), an American pop culture and fashion magazine
 * NY-LON, a 2004 7-part drama series about a transatlantic romance
 * NyLon (concept), the concept of an "intertwined" New York City and London, England
 * Nylon Pool, an in-sea pool near Pigeon Point, Tobago
 * Nylon riots, a series of store disturbances around the time of world war 2

title: Nylon (disambiguation)


text:
User talk:DanShi

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Thanks for the tip
cheers cheers

test one
testing

test two
testing

Image:Baby-face-1.jpg
Burgundavia (✈ take a flight?) 00:18, May 26, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:DanShi


text:
Talk:Lok Sabha

Name
It is nowhere explained what lok shabha actually literally means. As looked it up, it means folks gahtering. So, for example "national assembly" would be a quite good translation, being close to the meaning of the words. 2003:C1:B707:E500:B49F:6887:286D:6DAC (talk) 19:13, 1 April 2024 (UTC)

 * In the English version of the Constitution of India, it is clearly written that it is called the House of the People. MonsieurPranshu (talk) 15:29, 16 May 2024 (UTC)

Unaligned Parties
Should members of unaligned parties be considered a part of the opposition?

Also the number of seats, even if you consider unaligned parties as being in the opposition, does not mathematically make sense, use a calculator if the person counting doesn't know how numbers work.

(I disagree with the idea of unaligned parties being considered parties in opposition to the Government, they do not support either side but they support the government on a case by case basis) MonsieurPranshu (talk) 06:20, 7 April 2024 (UTC)

 * Every party outside of the government is considered opposition in Westminster system. Kalpesh Manna 2002 (talk) 13:29, 22 April 2024 (UTC)
 * What are the sources you can site to arrive at this conclusion?
 * MonsieurPranshu (talk) 14:47, 24 April 2024 (UTC)

Unaligned Parties in the Westminster System
In the Westminster system, unaligned parties, which are not officially aligned with either the government or the opposition, are not traditionally considered part of the opposition. These unaligned parties are often referred to as "independent" or "crossbench" members.

Crossbenchers typically do not adhere to the traditional party structures and instead operate independently. While they may vote with the opposition on some issues, they may also side with the government on others.

However, in some cases, when the parliamentary arithmetic is tight, and the government doesn't have a clear majority, the opposition might negotiate with crossbenchers to secure their support on certain issues. In these situations, crossbenchers might have significant influence.

The opposition generally consists of the party or coalition with the second-largest number of seats in the legislature. Its main function is to scrutinize the government, hold it accountable, and offer alternative policies. The unaligned parties, or crossbenchers, typically do not form part of this opposition, although they can sometimes align with opposition parties on specific issues.

Sources:

1. The Role of Crossbenchers: - Crossbenchers and the Role They Play in Australian Parliaments: - Source: Parliament of Australia - Link: [Parliament of Australia - Crossbenchers and the role they play in Australian parliaments](https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/House_of_Representatives/Powers_practice_and_procedure/Practice7/HTML/Crossbenchers)

2. The Opposition: - House of Commons Information Office Factsheet L6 - Her Majesty's Official Opposition: - Source: UK Parliament - Link: [UK Parliament - Her Majesty's Official Opposition](https://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons-information-office/l06.pdf)

- What Is the Role of the Opposition in a Democracy?: - Source: UK Parliament - Link: [UK Parliament - The Role of the Opposition](https://www.parliament.uk/about/how/role/opposition/)

- Roles of Members of the Opposition: - Source: New Zealand Parliament - Link: [New Zealand Parliament - Roles of Members of the Opposition](https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/research-papers/document/00PLLawRP10051/roles-of-members-of-the-opposition)

3. Explanation of Unaligned Parties: - House of Lords Library Note - Number 5 (4 July 2016) - Crossbenchers: - Source: UK Parliament - Link: [UK Parliament - House of Lords Library Note - Crossbenchers](https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/lln-2016-0005/)

- Crossbenchers: - Source: House of Commons Library - Link: [House of Commons Library - Crossbenchers](https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/sn04394/) MonsieurPranshu (talk) 14:49, 24 April 2024 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 9 June 2024
change inc from 99 to 101 111.92.77.240 (talk) 09:20, 9 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Lightoil (talk) 22:31, 11 June 2024 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 13 June 2024
Hardu124 (talk) 16:03, 13 June 2024 (UTC) to change seat of Indian national congress from 99 to 96
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Lightoil (talk) 18:56, 13 June 2024 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 18 June 2024
Change seats allotted to INC from 98 to 101 as INC has received support from 3 independent candidates increasing their tally from 98 to 101. These candidates are INC member who just fought independently and now have after winning have again supported INC. 31.205.192.99 (talk) 19:25, 18 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made.   [[User:CanonNi ]]  (talk • contribs) 03:02, 19 June 2024 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 24 June 2024
K. Francis George is the loksabha leader of Kerala Congress not Thomas Chazhikadan G5SMKR (talk) 02:49, 24 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made.   [[User:CanonNi ]]  (talk • contribs) 05:29, 24 June 2024 (UTC)

Seat discrepancy in lok sabha page
The Inc has 99 seats even excluding the ones who ve joined the upped the tally yet the infoboard shows only 98 Dragonaire1078 (talk) 14:25, 25 June 2024 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 26 June 2024
+ Formation of Lok Sabha over time Abinbijuvarghese23 (talk) 05:17, 26 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. — DaxServer (t·m·e·c) 07:28, 26 June 2024 (UTC)

Pronunciation template in lead?
Would it make sense to add a pronunciation template for Lok Sabha? I recently heard it pronounced as, with emphasis on "Lok" and the "Sab" syllable de-emphasized, which is not how I expected it as a non-Indian person. It would be great if others could confirm that this is the correct pronunciation and decide if my respelling is the best way of representing this. Toadspike  [Talk]  12:42, 26 June 2024 (UTC)

When did VPP join INDIA alliance?
It has been incorrectly stated in the Infobox section that VPP is part of the INDIA alliance propelling it to 237 seats while the INDIA alliance only has 236 seats as of now because Rahul Gandhi resigned from Wayanad seat. please fix this Areeb Syed205 (talk) 14:17, 5 July 2024 (UTC)

Membership by party
In INDIA Alliance Section KEC Leader of the party is "K. Francis George".

"Thomas Chazhikkadan" is repersenting KEC(M), he was previous MP from that party. He lost in 2024 election from Kottayam Lok sabha Constituency in Kerala. Jbt498 (talk) 01:02, 7 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lok Sabha