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Nissan QG engine

The QG engine is a 1295 cc, 1497 cc, 1597 cc and 1769 cc straight-4 piston engine from Nissan. It is a lean-burn aluminum DOHC 4-valve design with variable valve timing and optional NEO Di direct injection.

The QG engines were designed by Nissan's Aichi Kikai division in Japan.

Nissan websites state the QG as standing for "Quality and Green".

QG13DE
The QG13DE is a 1295 cc DOHC 16-valve with 4-cylinder. It produces 87 hp at 6000 rpm and 130 Nm at 4400 rpm. Bore x Stroke= 71x81.8 mm

It is used in the following vehicles:
 * 1999-2006 Nissan Wingroad/ADVAN (Y11)
 * 1998-2004 Nissan Sunny (B15)
 * 2005-2012 Nissan Sentra N16 series for low-end models (Philippines)

QG15DE
Water-cooled straight 4 cylinder engine with 1497 cc capacity and DOHC control. Bore and stroke are 73.6x88 mm. Output is 90 hp at 5600 rpm and 128 Nm at 2800 rpm and later 105 hp at 6000 rpm and 143 Nm at 4400 rpm.

This engine is used in:
 * 1999-2004 Nissan Sunny (B15)
 * 1999-2008 Nissan Wingroad/AD (Y11)
 * 2002-2009 Samsung SM3 (G10)

Power outputs for N16 Almera:
 * '00-'02: 90ps
 * '02-'06: 98ps

QG16DE
The QG16DE is a 1597 cc straight 4-cylinder engine with double over head camshafts with 16 valves. The cylinder head also features Nissan Variable Cam Timing (N-VCT) and micro-polished camshafts. A new water pump assembly has been designed for the QG16DE; the design is based on the water pump from the GA16DE, the changes made it more efficient and reliable than its predecessor. The engine produces 88 kW at 6000 rpm and 165 Nm at 4000 rpm. Bore and stroke is 76x88 mm.

Specifications

It is used in the following vehicles:
 * Displacement - 1597 cc
 * Layout - DOHC Inline-4 (Straight-4) with Nissan Variable Cam Timing
 * Valves - 16, 4 for each cylinder
 * Power - 118 hp at 6000 rpm
 * Torque - 122 lbft at 4000 rpm
 * Redline - 6500 rpm
 * Fuel Delivery System - Electronic fuel injection (EFI)
 * Ignition system - 4 coils, 1 for each cylinder
 * Fuel Compression Ratio - 9.5:1
 * Nissan Sunny NEO with 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic transmission
 * Nissan Sunny N16 series sold in Sri Lanka
 * Nissan Primera (P11.144) 2000-2002
 * Nissan Primera (P12) edition sold in various countries across Europe
 * Nissan Sentra N16 series in the Philippines and the N16 series Pulsar sold in Australia and New Zealand
 * Renault Scala sold in Mexico and Colombia
 * Nissan Almera sold in South Africa

QG18DD
The 1.8 L direct-injection QG18DD produces 130 hp at 6000 rpm and 174 Nm at 2800 rpm.

It is used in the following vehicles:
 * 1999-2004 Nissan Sunny

QG18DE
The 1769 cc QG18DE was designed for Nissan by Aichi Machine Industry, Japan. It is manufactured both in Japan and the Mexican city of Aguascalientes. Bore and stroke is 80x88 mm. The engine is tuned to achieve most of its torque at low revs at the expense of raw power at high revs, making the engine very responsive in day-to-day driving. It has a cast-iron engine block, aluminum DOHC cylinder head, uses Multi-port fuel injection, forged-steel connecting rods, two single-piece cast camshafts and a cast-aluminum intake manifold. It also features N-VCT (Nissan's Valve Timing Control technology). This engine received the RJC Technology of The Year Award of 2001.

Specifications Emissions Control Devices
 * Displacement - 1769 cc
 * Layout - DOHC Inline-4 (Straight-4) with VVT tech (called NVTC).
 * Valves - 16, 4 for each cylinder
 * Power - 115 hp to 128 hp at 6000 rpm
 * Torque - 122 lbft to 130 lbft at 2800 rpm
 * Redline - 6500 rpm
 * Fuel Delivery System - electronic fuel injection
 * Fuel compression ratio - 9.5:1
 * OBDII - On-board Diagnostic System (codes can be read/erased by a variety of readers, e.g. ). Nissan Pulsar N16 Models without EuroOBD in Australia do not have OBDII.
 * EGR - Exhaust Gas Recirculation
 * HO2S - (4) Oxygen Sensors (2 before exhaust catalyst, 2 after) - note a series 2 1.8l has only 2 O2 sensors: 1 pre-catalytic-converter and 1 downstream from it.
 * TWC - Three Way Catalyst (2 in exhaust manifold, 1 under car).
 * EVAP - Charcoal Evaporative Purge Canister.
 * Ignition Timing: 9 degrees BTDC (can be altered +/- 2 degrees using CONSULT-II handheld diagnostic tester, e.g. ).
 * Knock Sensor - located on engine block; retards timing if pinging/detonation is detected.
 * Heated Throttle Body - heated by engine coolant.

The QG18DE is used in the following vehicles:
 * 2000-2006 Nissan Sentra B15 and N16
 * 2000-2005 Nissan Pulsar N16
 * 1999-2002 Nissan Primera P11.144
 * 2002-2007 Nissan Primera P12
 * 2000-2006 Nissan Almera N16
 * 2000-2006 Nissan Almera Tino
 * 1999-2006 Nissan Primera
 * 2000-2006 Nissan Expert
 * 1998-2006 Nissan Avenir
 * 1999-2005 Nissan Wingroad/AD van Y11
 * 1999-2005 Nissan Bluebird Sylphy G10
 * 1998-2004 Nissan Sunny B15

QG18DEN
The QG18DEN is the natural gas version of the QG18DE. It produces 105 hp at 5600 rpm and 149 Nm at 2800 rpm. Bore and Stroke are 80x88 mm. It was used in the Nissan AD van from 2000 to 2008.

title: Nissan QG engine


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Gerrit Zalm

Gerrit Zalm (born 6 May 1952) is a retired Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) and businessman.

Zalm studied Economics at the Free University Amsterdam obtaining a Master of Economics degree and worked as a civil servant for the Ministries of Finance, Economic Affairs and the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis from June 1975 until August 1994 and worked as a professor of Political economy at his alma mater from January 1990 until August 1994. After the election of 1994 Zalm was appointed as Minister of Finance in the Cabinet Kok I taking office on 22 August 1994. After the election of 1998 Zalm continued his position in the Cabinet Kok II. After the election of 2002 Zalm was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives on 23 May 2002. Shortly after the election Party Leader and Parliamentary leader Hans Dijkstal announced he was stepping down and Zalm was anonymously selected as his successor as Leader on 16 May 2002 and became Parliamentary leader on 23 May 2002. For the election of 2003 Zalm served as Lijsttrekker (top candidate) and following a successful cabinet formation that formed the Cabinet Balkenende II was appointed as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance taking office on 27 May 2003. On 27 November 2004 Zalm announced he was stepping down as Leader in favor of and Parliamentary leader Jozias van Aartsen. The Cabinet Balkenende II fell on 30 June 2006 and was replaced by the caretaker Cabinet Balkenende III with Zalm continuing his offices. In August 2006 Zalm announced his retirement and that he wouldn't stand for the election of 2006.

Zalm retired from active politics at 54 and became active in the private sector as a corporate director, and worked as a banker for the DSB Bank, Fortis Bank and ABN AMRO from July 2007 until February 2017. Following his retirement Zalm became active in the public sector as a non-profit director and served on several state commissions and councils on behalf of the government, and worked as a occasional mediator for coalition agreements. Zalm is known for his abilities as a skillful manager and effective debater and as of 2024 continues to comment on political affairs. He holds the distinction as the longest-serving Minister of Finance with 11 years, 240 days in Dutch history.

Early life
Gerrit Zalm was born on 6 May 1952 in Enkhuizen, Netherlands. Following his graduation from high school ("HBS-A" level) in Enkhuizen, Zalm began a study in economics at the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam, from which he graduated in 1975. In the same year he joined the Ministry of Finance. From 1983 he worked for the Ministry of Economic Affairs, where he eventually became a director. In 1988 he was appointed deputy director of the Centraal Planbureau, a state institution that, among other things, calculates the financial effects of government plans. In 1989 he became director of this institute. In that capacity Zalm had, although not formally a politician, a significant influence on politics. From 1990 he also gave lectures at the Vrije Universiteit.

Politics
Between 22 August 1994 and 22 July 2002, Zalm, member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, was Minister of Finance in the first and second Wim Kok administrations. The Dutch economy being very healthy during those years, he did not experience large difficulties. However, he did introduce certain standards that are in effect until now, among which the Zalmnorm (Zalm standard) which describes a state policy by which the state does not respond extremely to economic fluctuations but just counteracts them. During the first, short Balkenende administration, Zalm was the acting leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy group in parliament. On 27 May 2003 he started his third term as Minister of Finance, in the second Balkenende administration, also serving as Deputy Prime Minister. On 30 June 2006, he succeeded Laurens Jan Brinkhorst as Minister of Economic Affairs, ad interim, with most tasks delegated to Undersecretary Karien van Gennip. On 7 July 2006 Joop Wijn was appointed as the new Minister of Economic Affairs.

Banking
On 26 November 2006, Zalm announced in the Sunday morning talk show Buitenhof that he would step down from politics and would probably seek employment in the private sector. Three months after his 2007 retirement from politics, Zalm went to work for DSB Bank, a company that he had criticized in his earlier role as finance minister for what he considered misleading advertising for consumer credit. He initially held the position of chief economist, but quickly became CFO of the faltering bank after the Dutch central bank DNB had threatened to curtail DSB's financial autonomy.

On 21 November 2008 it was announced by Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende that Zalm will be the new CEO of the bank resulting from the merger of ABN and Fortis Netherlands, two recently nationalized banks. This new position came under scrutiny after Zalm's previous employer DSB went bankrupt in 2009. The Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets (AFM) and the central bank both investigated Zalm's role in DSB's final years, with AFM concluding that he was "not competent" and should be dismissed from ABN AMRO's board, while DNB decided to keep Zalm in his position.

Personal
Zalm is a fan of the game of pinball and during his second term as Minister of Finance he had a pinball machine in his department. He is an honorary member of the Dutch Pinball Association. In 2004 he had a cameo appearance in the movie Cool! by Theo van Gogh. In January 2019, in an episode of the Dutch version of Who Do You Think You Are?, it became known that Zalm is related to rebel leader and pirate Pier Gerlofs Donia, through his mother's family.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Gerrit Zalm