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Capgemini Engineering

Capgemini Engineering (previously known as Altran Technologies, SA) is a global innovation and engineering consulting firm founded in 1982 in France by Alexis Kniazeff and Hubert Martigny.

Altran operated primarily in high technology and innovation industries, which accounted for nearly 75% of its turnover. Administrative and information consultancy accounted for 20% of its turnover with strategy and management consulting making up the rest. The firm is active in most engineering domains, particularly electronics and IT technology.

In 2018, Altran generated €2.916 billion in revenues and employed over 46,693 people around the world. Altran was acquired by Capgemini in 2019 and renamed as "Capgemini Engineering" on 8 April 2021, due to the merger with Capgemini's Engineering and R&D services.

1980s
In 1982, Alexis Kniazeff and Hubert Martigny, ex-consultants of Peat Marwick (today known as KPMG), founded CGS Informatique, which would later become Altran. By 1985, the firm counted a staff of 50 engineers.

The company expanded through small business units that would later generally range from 10 to 200 employees. Business units operated semi-independently and were given the autonomy to choose their own growth strategy and investment programs while still getting assistance from central management. This allowed business units to give each other support and share ideas. Managers’ compensation was decided based on the units’ performance.

One of Altran's first major projects was developing the on-board communications network in 1987 for France's high-speed TGV trains that allowed French lines to be connected to other European rail lines.

In 1987, the company was listed on the Secondary Market of the Paris Stock Exchange. By 1989, Altran's sales had neared the equivalent of 48 million euros. That same year, Altran bought Ségur Informatique, an aeronautics simulation and modeling company. The number of the company's employees grew to approximately 1,000 by 1990, as well as its range of expertise, moving into the transportation, telecommunications, and energy sectors, with a strong information technology component.

1990s
In the early 1990s the company adopted a new business model. While much of the company's work during the previous decade had been performed in-house, at the beginning of the 1990s the company developed a new operational concept, that of a temp agency for the high-technology sector. The firm's staff started to work directly with its clients' projects, adding their specialized expertise to projects. By the end of the decade, the company had more than 50 subsidiaries in France, and had taken the lead of that market's technology consulting sector. The company was helped by the long-lasting recession affecting France and much of Europe at the beginning of the decade, as companies began outsourcing parts of their research and development operations. Altran was also expanding by acquisition, buying up a number of similar consultancies in France, such as the 1992 acquisition of GERPI, based in Rennes. By the end of that year, Altran's revenues had reached 76.5 million euros.

With the elimination of border controls within the European Community in 1992, the company's clients began operations in other European countries. At first Altran turned to foreign partnerships in order to accommodate its clients. Yet this approach quickly proved unsatisfactory, and Altran put into place an aggressive acquisition plan in order to establish its own foreign operations.

Altran targeted the Benelux countries, the first to lower their trade barriers, acquiring a Belgian company in 1992. By the end of the decade, the firm's network in these countries' markets was composed of 12 companies and 1,000 consultants. When an acquisition took place, Altran kept on existing management and in general the acquired firms retained their names. The acquisition policy was based on paying an initial fee for an acquisition, then on subsequent annual payments based on the acquired unit's performance.

In 1992, Altran created Altran Conseil to work in the automobile equipment, nuclear and consumer electronic industries.

Altran's operations in Spain began with the acquisition in 1993 of SDB España, a leading telecommunications consultant in that country, and later grew with the acquisitions of STE Consulting, Norma Consulting, Insert Sistemas, Strategy Consultors, Inad, Siev and Consultrans. Spain remained one of the company's top three markets into the new century, becoming a group of nine companies and more than 2,000 consultants operating under the Altran brand.

By 1995, Altran's sales had topped 155 million euros, and its total number of employees had grown to nearly 2,400 (mostly engineers). The company recognized that the majority of engineers lacked a background in management, thus a training program called IMA (Institut pour le management Altran) was launched capable of training 200 candidates per year.

In 1995 the company invested in the United Kingdom and acquired High Integrity Systems, a consulting firm focused on assisting companies that were transitioning into new-generation computer and network systems, and DCE Consultants, which operated from offices in Oxford and Manchester.

In 1997, Altran also acquired Praxis Critical Systems, founded in Bath in 1983 to provide software and safety-engineering services. In order to supplement the activities of its acquisitions, the company also opened new subsidiary offices, such as Altran Technologies UK, a multi-disciplinary and cross-industry engineering consultancy.

In the second half of the 1990s the company was acquiring an average of 15 companies per year. Italy became a target for growth in 1996, when Altran established subsidiary Altran Italy, before making its first acquisition in that country in 1997. In 1998, Altran added four new Italian acquisitions, EKAR, RSI Sistemi, CCS and Pool. In 1999, the company added an office in Turin as well as two new companies, ASP and O&I.

Germany was also a primary target for Altran during this period, starting with the 1997 establishment of Altran Technologies GmbH and the acquisition of Europspace Technische Entwicklungen, a company that had been formed in 1993 and specialized in aeronautics. In 1998, the company added consulting group Berata and, the following year, Askon Consulting joined the group, which then expanded with a second component, Askon Beratung.

Other European countries joined the Altran network in the late 1990s as well, including Portugal and Luxembourg in 1998 and Austria in 1999. In 1998, Altran deployed a telecommunications network in Portugal. By the end of 1999, the company's sales had climbed to EUR 614 million; significantly, international sales already accounted for more than one-third of the company's total revenues.

Similar progress was made in Switzerland, a market Altran entered in 1997 with the purchase of D1B2. The Berate Germany purchase brought Altran that company's Swiss office as well in 1998; that same year, Altran launched its own Swiss startup, Altran Technologies Switzerland. In 1999, the company added three new Swiss companies,, Innovatica, and Cerri.

Significant projects during the decade included the design of the Météor autopilot system for the first automated subway line for the Paris Metro (Line 14) and the attitude control system for the European Space Agency's Ariane 5 rocket.

Early 21st century
In 2000, the company's Italian branch expanded to 10 subsidiaries with the opening of offices in Lombardy and Lazio and the acquisition of CEDATI. Also in 2000, Altran's presence in Switzerland grew with two new subsidiaries (Infolearn and De Simone & Osswald). In Germany, Altran acquired I&K Beratung. The United States became a primary target for the company's expansion with the acquisition of a company that was renamed Altran Corporation.

Altran began building its operations in South America as well, especially in Brazil. By the end of 2001, Altran's revenues had jumped to more than 1.2 billion euros, while its ranks of consultants now topped 15,000.

Altran become involved in a couple of new PR initiatives at the beginning of the decade, including a partnership with the Renault F1 racing team and a commitment to the Solar Impulse project with the goal of circumnavigating the Earth powered by only solar power.

In 2002, Askon Beratung was spun off from Askon consulting as a separate, independently operating company within Altran, and the company's Swiss network had added a new component with the purchase of Sigma. This year a full-scale entry into the United States was made. After providing $56 million to back a management buyout of the European, Asian, and Latin American operations of bankrupt Arthur D. Little (the US-based consulting firm founded in 1886), Altran itself acquired the Arthur D. Little brand and trademark. This acquisition was seen as an important step in achieving the company's next growth target. Sales grew to 2 billion euros by 2003 and the company had more than 40,000 engineers by 2005.

In 2004, Altran established operations in Asia and created Altran Pr[i]me [sic], a consulting outfit specialized in large-scale innovation projects.

On 29 December 2006, all subsidiaries based in Ile de France were merged under the name of Altran Technologies SA, a technology consultant, which was organized into four business lines (as well as brand names): In 2009, Altran launched its Altran Research program. The program is centered around three main themes: designing tools, research and proof-of-concepts, and research on how to organize and improve practices.
 * Altran TEM: Telecommunications, Electronics and Multimedia.
 * Altran AIT: Automobiles, Infrastructure and Transportation.
 * Altran Eilis: Energy, Industry and Life Science.
 * Altran ASD: Aeronautics, Space and Defence.

In 2012, as part its Performance Plan 2012, PSA Peugeot Citroën chose Altran as its strategic partner.

In early 2013, Altran group finalised the acquisition of 100% of IndustrieHansa, an engineering and consulting group based in Germany, placing it among the top five in the market of Technical Consultancy, Innovation, Research and Development.

Altran continued to acquire innovation consultancies in other countries as part of its expansion strategy. In February 2015, it acquired Nspyre, a Dutch R&D and high-technology firm. In July 2015, it bought SiConTech, an Indian engineering company specializing in semiconductors.

Altran's revenues reached €1.945 billion in 2015. At that time, it had over 25,000 employees operating in over 20 countries.

In November 2015, Dominique Cerutti announced his five-year strategic plan, "Altran 2020. Ignition." The plan aimed for the firm to reach 3 billion euros in revenue in five years and a big increase in profitability.

In December 2015, Altran announced the acquisition of Tessella, in analytical and data science consulting.

In 2016, the company acquired two other American companies: Synapse, specializing in the development of innovative products, and Lohika, a software engineering firm. This transatlantic expansion is one of the principal approaches to development supported by Altran in the Ignition 2020 strategic plan.

Additionally, Altran announced in October 2016 the acquisition of two automobile industry companies: Swell, an engineering services and research and development firm based in the Czech Republic, as well as Benteler Engineering, a German firm specializing in conception and engineering services. Dominique Cerutti is noted for establishing several strategic partnerships, notably with Divergent, an American holding that integrates 3D printing in the automobile production process, and the Chinese digital mapping holding EMG.

22 December 2016 Acquisition: Altran acquires Pricol Technologies, an India-based engineering firm.

In July and September 2017, Altran finalized two acquisitions: Information Risk Management, and GlobalEdge. The acquisition of IRM enabled Altran to enhance its presence and offers in the domain of cyber security. The buying of GlobalEdge, an Indian software product engineering firm, aimed at helping Altran to develop its presence in India as well as in the US, where Global Edge has an office in California.

In November 2017, the company also acquired Aricent, a global digital design and engineering company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. The $2.0 billion transaction enabled the company to become the global leader in engineering and R&D services, completing its "Altran 2020. Ignition" strategic plan as early as 2018. The acquisition was completed on 22 March 2018, bringing the overall turnover of the new structure close to €3 billion.

On 28 June 2018, Altran announced the plan "The High Road, Altran 2022". This plan aimed for a 14.5% margin and a 4 billion euros turnover in 2022 by betting on technological breakthroughs.

Takeover by Capgemini
On 1 April 2020, Capgemini's friendly takeover bid for Altran was finalized. Capgemini reached the squeeze-out threshold of 90% of Altran's capital, which was delisted from stock markets on 15 April 2020.

Organization and activities
The company covers the entire project life-cycle, from the planning stages (technological monitoring, technical feasibility studies, strategy planning, etc.) to final realization (design, implementation, and testing.)

Worldwide presences
Altran is headquartered on the avenue Charles de Gaulle in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. The group is present in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Germany, Spain, Ukraine, France, Italy, India, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mexico, Tunisia, Morocco, the Netherlands, Norway, Austria, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, the Middle East, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Geographical breakdown of revenues: France (43.3%), Europe (51.6%) and other (5.1%).

Altran Research
Altran Research, headed by Fabrice Mariaud, is Altran's internal R&D department in France. Scientific experts, each without their domain of expertise, plan and put in place research and innovation projects in collaboration with Altran Lab, academic partners and industrial actors. Current research areas include e-health, space & aeronautics, energy, complex systems, transportation and mobility, industry, and the services of the future.

Altran Lab
Altran Lab is made up of an incubator, an innovation hub and Altran Pr[i]me, created in 2004 and focused on innovation management.

Altran Foundation for Innovation
The Altran Foundation for Innovation is an international scientific competition run by the company. The competition's theme is selected each year addressing a major issue in society. The entries are judged by a panel containing scientific, political or academic experts. A prize of a year's technological support for the project is awarded to the winner and Altran's consultant teams will also follow up the awarded project.

Pro bono work
Altran France does pro bono work in areas relating to culture, civic engagement and innovation. In particular, Altran aids the Musée des Arts et Métiers of Paris, the Quai Branly Museum and the Arab World Institute with their digital strategy and management of their digital cultural assets.

Financial data
Altran first appeared on the Paris stock market on 20 October 1987.
 * Stock valued on the Paris stock market (Euronext)
 * Member of the CAC All Shares index
 * ISIN Code: FR0000034639
 * Number of outstanding shares as of 30 October 2015: 175,536,188
 * Market capitalization as of 10 April 2019: 2.5 billion euros
 * Primary stockholders as of 10 April 2019:
 * Altrafin Participations: 8.4%
 * Alexis Kniazeff: 1.4%
 * Hubert Martigny: 1.4%

title: Capgemini Engineering


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sovereign computing

Sovereign computing

 * Idiosyncratic/original research. Zero Google hits for this phrase in the sense given.
 * Delete. Non-notable idea or original research. jni 14:13, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - not notable Deus Ex 17:24, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Talk:Manuel II of Portugal

Who succeeded Manuel II as claimant to the throne?
"Following his death, the seniority in the Royal House of Portugal was transferred to Miguel II, Duke of Braganza, his cousin." had been in the article. But this person had died 5 years earlier, so it was impossible for him to become the claimant. Someone who knows, please add to the Article the succession to the claim. StanZegel 23:21, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)

See Duke of Braganza. It would seem to have been Duarte Nuno of Bragança and the current claimant is Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza. RickK 23:41, Nov 22, 2004 (UTC)

After the death of the king Manuel the only legitimate heiress to portuguese throne was his half-sister Maria Pia de Saxe Coburg Braganza, the recognized daughter of the king Carlos and the unique Saxe Coburg Braganza's heir in that moment still alive. 22 Sept 2005 (UTC)
 * Rick is perfectly correct! Muriel - 62.252.0.4 10:13, 23 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Even assuming that the alleged half-sister of Manuel, Hilda Toledano, were in fact the illegitimate daughter of King Carlos, under the Portuguese Constitution she would be outside the line of succession, as only legitimate descendants of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Braganza could inherit the throne. The Dark 16:36, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

Exile in England
This is ironic since Portugal (Estoril) has been the favored exile of all deposed kings ever since. --dunnhaupt 14:30, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

Hmm? Emperor Karl of Austria went to Madeira (which is not Estoril), and the Count of Barcelona and Umberto II seemed to live in Estoril, but that's hardly all deposed kings ever since. The only other one I can find who was in Portugal was Carol II of Romania. His son Michael of Romania resides in Switzerland, Simeon of Bulgaria lived in Spain, the Kaiser resided in the Netherlands; Peter II of Yugoslavia lived in the United States, as did his son until his return to Serbia; Constantine II is in Britain, and his uncle George II was in exile in Romania and Britain during the First Republic; Constantine I had taken his exile in Switzerland; Ferdinand I of Bulgaria appears to have resided in Gerany, although I'm not certain of that. Victor Emmanuel III lived in Egypt after his abdication. Alfonso XIII lived in France and Italy. Most of the German princes never went into exile, as far as I'm aware, although Ludwig III of Bavaria spent some time in Austria and Switzerland. john k 14:59, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

Title in pretence?
Is this the proper way to style Manuel post-revolution? According to the article on pretenders, a deposed monarch does not hold titles in pretence. The Dark 16:28, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

 * This does seem a bit off. Basically, as I understand it, Manuel was still properly called King Manuel II of Portugal.  He was, however, no longer the King of Portugal.  Does that make sense?  He was still a King, but he was no longer the King of Portugal. john k 17:42, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

 * John is right. Basically, a king is a king unless he says he is no longer a king. Titles don't disappear but power and privelege can be taken away from them. Charles 20:38, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

King Manuel never abdicated and never recognised the republican regime so he kept his title of King (Republican documents and newspapers will refer to him as the former king -in their more polite moments, much worst names in their least polite but for monarchists and the general populace untill his death he was called "king Dom Manuel"). An interesting fact (even funny I would say) is that in his death certificate (british from the Twickenham registry) under profession it was written "ex-king". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.60.85.5 (talk) 15:34, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

Emmanuel's Demise
Do we have any information on the former King's cause of death? Something we could add to the article? GoodDay 19:19, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

According to the kings death certificate it was thru asfixiation because of an ulcer in the throat. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.60.85.5 (talk) 15:36, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

Photographs of the King
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Manuel_II.jpg —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bear1952 (talk • contribs) 01:23, 17 January 2008 (UTC)

More Questions

What is his connection to King George VI of Great Britain? Did he ever share a coalition with England and for how long? Also are the dates correct? I thought that he was born much later in 1934 and died much later in 1994. Is the reportage covering a clocked time and not a date? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.158.126.234 (talk) 20:12, 2 February 2008 (UTC)

Portugal and Britain have the longest standing alliance treaty in the World (since 1373) so yes Portugal had and has a coalition with the United Kingdom. Also King Edward VII visited Lisbon in 1903 (King Carlos was an active diplomat and promoted state visits of the Kaiser and the king of Spain and others at different times) so Edward VII would have known the portuguese royal family personally before the regicide. King Manuel was one of the kings present at the funeral of Edward VII, again showing the good relations between the two families. According to several newspaper articles in the british press, the british royal family was very fond of Manuel and he was a frequent guest of the british royal family. Manuel wasa well esteemed person in Twickenham, often sponsoring local social events, donating cups and litle prizes or objects for charity auctions and by attending these events -obviously making them more socially atractive. What happen to his family and his status of an exile ment that the british in general and their royal family felt a lot of sympathy for him.

Another older link between the two royal families was that Queen Maria II of Portugal and Queen Victoria (of similar age) had met when Maria, on her way to assume the crown, was diverted to britain because her uncle, Miguel, made a coup. Maria met Victoria when she was still not a queen and was still living a difficult life under her mother and her mothers lover. The two became friends and corresponded untill Marias's death and Queen Victoria kept corresponding with the portuguese royal family in a protective gesture towards the children of her friend. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.60.85.5 (talk) 15:59, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

His writing
This http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/7426349.stm says "Meanwhile, Portugal's Manuel II, who established a new life as an aristocrat in England, wrote a guide to medieval and Renaissance Portuguese literature but died before his own literary career could really flourish". Although mentioned in passing in the article, it would be nice to know what the book title was. 80.2.200.73 (talk) 14:16, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Aquilino Ribeiro shot the king?
Aquilino Ribeiro didnt shot anyone... i think this is wrong for purpose... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.175.171.187 (talk) 14:40, 11 January 2009 (UTC)

There is no evidence that Aquilino shot (at) the king. There is a legend of a third shooter and Aquilino was closely envolved with the regicides so a suspicion remains that he did. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.60.85.5 (talk) 16:03, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

Duel with Manuel Buiça
In the "Revolution and exile" section, it says this: "After his duel with the republican dissident Manuel Buiça in the Oporto Cathedral, a further three days of almost constant street fighting were enough to drive out the young King." What is this talking about? Manuel Buiça died in 1908. Wideangle (talk) 21:52, 12 June 2009 (UTC)

Birth as reported here.
I'm sure it's just me being foolish, but i can't make any sense currently out of these two sentences in the Biography section: ''Young Manuel was born in the last year of the reign of his grandfather, King Luís I. He was the third child[1], and last son, born to Carlos I of Portugal and Amélie of Orleans in the Palace of Belém, Lisbon, two months after his father ascended the Portuguese throne. '' As i read the rest of the article the first sentence is correct ~ he was born in March of the last year (1889) of Luís's reign. But the second sentence i quote is pretty clear in claiming that his father took the throne before he (Manuel) was born. Before i "correct" this, can someone explain what i'm missing? Cheers, LindsayHi 18:17, 4 October 2010 (UTC)
 * I guess you can blame me for that confusion. Both sentences are analogous, but bring in separate interpretations: he was born in the last year of King Luis I reign, OR specifically, two months before his father, D. Carlos, became the King. Please feel free to edit.Ruben JC (Zeorymer) (talk) 08:39, 5 October 2010 (UTC)
 * I have changed it so the chronology is now in line with the article of his father. Specifically, he was born seven months before the ascension of his father, not two months after as it read previously.  I believe it now makes sense. Cheers, LindsayHi 08:38, 2 November 2010 (UTC)

King of Traulitânia
I removed the title "King of Traulitânia" which doesn't exist. It seems to me like the senseless promotion of an article by linking it in the info box and succession box. Monarchy of the North has already got its own section and article, there is no such title as "King of Traulitânia" and Manuel did not recognize the restoration. This should be treated like the situation in Hungary after 1918 and Charles I of Austria and the similar Charles I of Austria's attempts to retake the throne of Hungary; the boxes for Charles don't call him King of Hungary after 1918 even though Hungary was a monarchy in 1920–1946.--The Emperor's New Spy (talk) 02:18, 11 November 2012 (UTC)

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Portrait
The current portrait doesn’t look great, I am proposing a newer portrait. Deppiyy (talk) 18:16, 3 March 2022 (UTC)

 * I agree the old image doesn’t look great. It’s blurry and not a good quality image. The proposed image by Deppiyy is much better. Orson12345 (talk) 23:58, 4 April 2022 (UTC)

Did he have any last words? And if yes, what did he say?
I'm pretty sure he tried to talk while gasping for air Historyisforyouandme (talk) 21:47, 2 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Manuel II of Portugal


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User:Dscos/Political viewpoints

The following is a breakdown of the various political viewpoints held by blankfaze.

title: User:Dscos/Political viewpoints


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Template:Canberra tasks

This template is a self-reference and so is part of the Wikipedia project rather than the encyclopaedic content.

title: Template:Canberra tasks


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Shizuka Itō

Shizuka Itō (伊藤 静) is a Japanese voice actress and singer from Tokyo, Japan. She is represented by Ken Production. She won a "Best Actress in Supporting Roles" award at the 10th Seiyu Awards for her roles in Prison School and Sailor Moon Crystal. She is well known for her anime voice roles as Akeno Himejima in High School DxD, Sailor Venus/Minako Aino in Sailor Moon Crystal, Kaori Kanzaki in A Certain Magical Index, Lenalee Lee in D.Gray-man, Irina Jelevic in Assassination Classroom, Meiko Shiraki in Prison School, Koko Hekmatyar in Jormungand, Ryoko Okami in Okami-san and Her Seven Companions, Hilda in Beelzebub, Hinagiku Katsura in Hayate the Combat Butler, and many.

She and fellow voice actress Hitomi Nabatame formed a voice acting unit called "Hitomi Nabatame and Shizuka Itō". Together they are known by the name Hitoshizuku (ひとしずく), which is Japanese for "a single droplet". In 2012, she announced that she had gotten married. On April 30, 2020, Itō announced that she had gotten divorced.

Original video animation (OVA)

 * Baldr Force Exe Resolution – Kaira Kirusten
 * D-Frag! – Takao
 * Dogs: Bullets & Carnage – Naoto Fuyumine
 * Top wo Nerae 2! – Pacica Peska Pelcicum
 * I"s Pure – Iori Yoshizuki
 * Maria-sama ga Miteru 3rd Season – Rei Hasekura
 * Negima!? – Misa Kakizaki
 * Pinky:St – Noriko, woman 1
 * Shakugan no Shana SP: Koi to Onsen no Kōgai Gakushū! – Wilhelmina Carmel
 * To Heart 2 – Tamaki Kosaka
 * xxxHOLiC: Shunmuki – Himawari Kunogi
 * Sky Girls (2006) – Eika Ichijō
 * Shirobako (2015) – Aya, Catherine Weller
 * Amanchu!: Yakusoku no Natsu to Atarashii Omoide no Koto (2017) – Mato Katori
 * Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma (2017) – Rindō Kobayashi

Drama CDs

 * Asobi ni iku yo! (Durel)
 * Cyborg 009 Drama Album: Love Stories (Nana Kashima)
 * D-Frag! (Takao)
 * Dogs: Bullets & Carnage (Naoto Fuyumine)
 * Hayate X Blade (Inori Sae)
 * Houkago Play (Kanojo)

Video games

 * Samurai Shodown V Special (2004-04-22) (Mizuki Rashojin)
 * Fate/unlimited Codes (2008-06-11) (Luviagelita Edelfelt)
 * Tales of Hearts (2008) (Innes Lorenz)
 * Bloodborne (2015) (Vicar Amelia)
 * Girls' Frontline (KSG, Executioner) (2016)
 * Overwatch (2016-05-24) (Widowmaker)
 * Nioh (2017-02-07) (Tachibana Ginchiyo)
 * Another Eden (2017-04-12) (Shanie)
 * Final Fantasy XIV: Stormblood (2017-06-20) (Yotsuyu)
 * Azur Lane (2018) (IJN Mogami, RN Littorio, MNF Algérie)
 * Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice (2019-03-22) (Emma)
 * Fire Emblem: Three Houses (2019-07-26) (Byleth (female))
 * The King of Fighters All Star (2019-07-30) (Pretty Billy, Elisabeth Blanctorche)
 * Arknights (2019) (Schwarz)
 * Punishing: Gray Raven (2019) (Ayla)
 * The Seven Deadly Sins: Grand Cross (2019) (Eastin Amabyllis)
 * Fate/Grand Order (2019) (Astraea)
 * Extraordinary Ones (2019) (Japanese Minnie announcements voice)
 * Princess Connect! Re:Dive (2020) (Io)
 * Guardian Tales (2020) Movie Star Eugene
 * Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (2020-01-29) (Byleth (Female))
 * Fire Emblem Heroes (2020) (Byleth (Female), Rickard)
 * Touhou Spell Bubble (2020-02-06) (Yukari Yakumo)
 * Ring Fit Adventure (2020-03-26) (Ring (Female))
 * Fairy Tail (2020-07-30) (Flare Corona)
 * The Sealed Ampoule (2021) (Irene)
 * Monster Hunter Rise (2021-03-26) (Minoto)
 * Kantai Collection (Saratoga, Asakaze, Matsukaze) (2013)
 * Xenoblade Chronicles 2 (JP Dub Name: Kagutsuchi) (Brighid) (2017)
 * Blue Archive (2021) (Shun Sunohara)
 * The King of Fighters XV (2022-02-17) (Elisabeth Blanctorche)
 * Counter: Side (2022-05-25) (Mansion Master)
 * Bravely Default: Brilliant Lights (2022) (Sandra Cassandra)
 * Return to Shironagasu Island (2022) (Gisele Reed)
 * Witch on the Holy Night (2022) (Ritsuka Suse)
 * Path to Nowhere (2022) (Eirene)
 * Honkai: Star Rail (2023) (Kafka)
 * Master Detective Archives: Rain Code (2023) (Martina Electro)

Unknown date

 * Granblue Fantasy (Sutera, Korwa & Hekate )
 * Gadget Trial (Nei)
 * Jokyou Kaishi! (Keiko Yada)
 * To Heart 2 (Tamaki Kosaka)
 * Mabino Kakeru Star (Hinano Katase)
 * Otomedius (Esmeralda)
 * Gensosuikoden IV (Mizuki)
 * Chaos Rings Omega (Cyllis)
 * Mahou Sensei Negima! 1-Jikanme -Okochama Sensei wa Mahou Tsukai (Misa Kakizaki)
 * Mahou Sensei Negima! 2-Jikanme Tatakau Otome-tachi! Mahora Dai Undoukai SP! (Misa Kakizaki)
 * Tenkuu Danzai Skelter+Heaven (Midori Matsumura)
 * Duel Savior Destiny (Kaede Hiiragi)
 * Zoids Infinity EX NEO (Kotona Elegance)
 * Dokapon The World
 * EVE～new generation～ (Efi)
 * Rockman ZX (Pandora)
 * Gunparade Orchestra Midori no Shou ~ Ookami to Kare no Shōnen ~ (牧原輝春)
 * Yoake Mae Yori Ruri Iro Na: Brighter than dawning blue (Wreathlit Noel)
 * WILD ARMS the Vth Vanguard (Avril van Frulu)
 * Metroid: Other M (MB / Melissa Bergman)
 * Muv-Luv Alternative (Touko Kazama)
 * Katahane (Dua Carlstedt)
 * Luminous Arc (Vanessa)
 * Drakengard 3 (Five)
 * Routes (Lisa Vixen)
 * Zack & Wiki: Quest for Barbaros' Treasure (Rock Rose)
 * Amagami (Haruka Morishima)
 * Hayate no Gotoku! Nightmare Paradise (Hinagiku Katsura)
 * Rune Factory 3 (Karin)
 * Shining Force Feather (Alfin)
 * Abyss of the Sacrifice (Oruga)
 * Twinkle Crusaders (Kujoh Helena)
 * Trauma Team (JP version name: HOSPITAL) (Tomoe Tachibana)
 * Gloria Union (Elisha, Kyra)
 * Granado Espada (Emilia Giannino, Emilia the Sage, & Reckless Emilia)
 * Skylanders: Spyro's Adventure (Cali)
 * Skylanders: Giants (Cali)
 * League of Legends (Lux)
 * Sword Art Online: Hollow Realization (Kizmel)

Radio

 * To Heart 2 (Tamaki Kosaka)

Comic

 * Beelzebub (Hildagarde)
 * Cloth Road (Jennifer)
 * World's End Harem (Mira Suou)

title: Shizuka Itō


text:
Talk:Christopher Alexander

Sara Ishikawa
Both Chris and Sara taught me while I was at Cal. Sara was not Christerpher's student, they were colleagues. Chris started teaching in 1963, Sara started teaching there in 1960. APL was not published until 1977. Pearl2525 (talk) 18:54, 1 July 2018 (UTC)

Untitled
We probably need an article for
 * *Alexander, Christopher, (1822-1882), Victorian architect

who apparently has had an entry on List of people by name: Ale longer than this one has, and who accidentally got linked to this article. --Jerzy(t) 07:21, 2004 Oct 6 (UTC)

Current residence in Sussex - why delete this info?
Hi. I just listened to an hour-long broadcast of an interview with Christopher Alexander on CBC Radio the other evening. It was taped at C.A.'s resiaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaain —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.81.90.114 (talk) 15:49, 14 November 2005 (UTC) Sussex. Why delete this bit of info (his place of residence) from the article?

I'm not challenging the reason, mind you. Just curious what the reason is.

J.R. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Joel Russ (talk • contribs) 22:30, 26 October 2004 (UTC)

Influence on wiki
The article says: "The Wiki is just one of the results of Alexander's influence on computing, and it is appropriate that we use it to collect notes on the subject." To my understanding, WikiWikiWebs were developed completedly unaware of Alexander and his theories. I suggest to completely remove this sentence. Is anyone able to specify, what the link of Alexander and Wikis is? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.61.138.99 (talk) 12:04, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * From Wiki: Wiki software originated in the design pattern community as a way of writing and discussing pattern languages. The WikiWikiWeb was the first wiki, established by Ward Cunningham... See also Christoper Alexander's page on WikiWikiWeb itself: ChristopherAlexander zenned 19:59, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I would say the WikiWikiWeb itself and work on design patterns coevolved, but the ideas behind Ward's wiki definitely predated the widespread awareness of Alexander's work. Ward himself traces the idea to the development of ZOG in 1972, five years before A Pattern Language appeared . So I would say that, yes, the claim above is a little anachronistic. There were a lot of people taking various approached to hypertext in the 60s and 70s. But the actual WikiWikiWeb itself definitely developed in an Alexander-steeped context. So it's a judgment call. That last section of the article seems a little iffy, though, I agree. rodii 17:22, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

Center for Environmental Structure
Are there any good references to explain CA's association with CES and the new CES in Europe? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.239.1.89 (talk) 22:12, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

Hacking
I just noticed that someone from IP address 216.146.243.76 got in and damaged Christopher Alexander's biography. What is the mechanism for banning specific IP addresses? I reverted the page to the previous saved version. Nikos.salingaros 23:30, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

Citing CS influence
In case anyone cares, Alexander writes in the Introduction to Richard P. Gabriel's Patterns of Software:

A year or two ago, I was astonished to get several letters from different people in the computer science field, telling me that my name was a household word in the software engineering community: specifically in the field of object-oriented technology. I had never even heard of object-oriented programming, and I had absolutely no idea that computer scientists knew my work, or found it useful or interesting; all this was a revelation to me. It was a pleasant revelation, but one that I did not really grasp at first; nor did I think much about it. I assumed the people who wrote to me were exaggerating anyway, out of politeness.

Then, one of these people, Marc Sewell from IBM in Atlanta, came to see me and told me much the same, to my face, in a discussion over coffee. Naturally, I assumed he too was exaggerating. When I expressed my surprise and doubts about the depth of this “alexandrian patterns movement,” he told me that in any given issue of The Journal of Object-Oriented Programming, there was almost certain to be some mention of my name. To prove it the next day he came with the current issue of The Journal of Object-Oriented Programming. There was in it, an article by Richard Gabriel, the essay that appears in this book as the chapter entitled “The Bead Game, Rugs, and Beauty.”

Might be a good reference. --Gwern (contribs) 22:27 3 August 2008 (GMT)

A City Is Not A Tree
His classic article "A City Is Not A Tree" should probably be added to the Writings and to the Published Works sections even though it is not a book. Christopher Alexander, A city is not tree, Architectural Forum 122 April (1965): No. 1, pages 58-61 and No. 2, pages 58-62. Tono-bungay (talk) 05:59, 14 February 2009 (UTC)

Proposed merge with Building Beauty
Unlikely to be notable on its own but might be useful to mention in founder's article (WP:ATD-M) So  Why  07:10, 26 October 2018 (UTC)

Neutrality is disputed?
I am going to remove this tag, I see nothing in the discussion that challenges the neutrality of the article. I see some minor quibbles which have been resolved. By the way, for the origin of Wiki, see the paper by wiki inventor Ward Cunningham written with myself, "Wiki as Pattern Language," from a presentation Ward gave. Excerpt: "While the general concept of a wiki is thus extremely well known, somewhat less well known is the history of wiki development. Wikis were an outgrowth of the development of what is known as “pattern languages” in software, or as they are sometimes referred to, “design patterns.” As we describe below, they were in fact developed as tools to facilitate efficient sharing and modifying of patterns. In part for this reason, the structure of wikis itself bears a relationship to the structure of patterns and pattern languages – a relationship that, as we will also discuss, offers intriguing new opportunities." Cunningham, W. and Mehaffy, M.W. (2013). “Wiki as Pattern Language.” In Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs (PLoP'13), Monticello, Illinois, USA (October 2013). 15 pages. Michaelwestmehaffy (talk) 21:08, 20 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Christopher Alexander


text:
Talk:Joachim II Hector

Unsorted text
As someone else pointed out, in an editorial comment unsuited for an article:
 * (Apparently, she stopped being his wife...died?)

, we probably should dig up info on the end of the 1st marriage. --Jerzy(t) 07:23, 2004 Oct 6 (UTC)

main portrait
I don't know where the date 1520 came from for this painting. Is it possibly incorrect? The Wikimedia summary gives it as 16th century. There are two Wikimedia portraits that are listed more specifically as 1520 (which states in Latin it is a portrait of him in 1520) and 1529. Perhaps it is subjective, but he appears older than 14 or 15 here and younger in portraits that are specifically cited as 1520s.Andwats (talk) 20:52, 1 February 2020 (UTC)

Ah I see from the history the portrait was changed but not the caption.Andwats (talk) 20:52, 1 February 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Joachim II Hector


text:
R. E. Vernède

Robert Ernest Vernède (1875 – 9 April 1917) was an English poet and writer, now remembered as a war poet.

He was born in London, and educated at St Paul's School (where he was a friend of G. K. Chesterton and E. C. Bentley), and at St John's College, Oxford. After graduating, he wrote novels and short stories.

He enlisted with the British Army as a second lieutenant in the 3rd Batt. Rifle Brigade in 1914, at the start of World War I, although over the maximum age of service. He served in France, where he was wounded in 1916 in the Battle of the Somme. He was received at Somerville Hospital in Oxford. He returned to the front, but died after being wounded by machine gun fire while leading an advance at Havrincourt. He was buried at Le Bucquiere Communal Cemetery Extension.

Chesterton wrote an appreciation of Vernède for the school magazine, describing his death as "so heavy a loss for those of us who loved him" and called it "an addition or completion to that shining company of poets whose patriotism turned them into soldiers, and gave them a life and death more worthy of legend".

His War Poems, And Other Verses was published in 1917 by William Heinemann.

title: R. E. Vernède


text:
Talk:Stakhanovite movement

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Grubberry, Ashtyndrapela, Macbookoshea, Nidecola, Kpenich. Peer reviewers: Conortleonard, Tevytevtev.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 10:07, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

In Memoriam of a Stakhanovite

 * Vladimir Vysotsky

 * ПАМЯТИ СТАХАНОВЦА
 * ВЛАДИМИР ВЫСОЦКИЙ

Сидели пили вразнобой "Мадеру", "Cтарку", "Зверобой" - и вдруг нас всех зовут в забой, до одного: у нас - стахановец, гагановец, загладовец, - и надо ведь, чтоб завалило именно его.

Он - в прошлом младший офицер, его нам ставили в пример, он был, как юный пионер, всегда готов, и вот он прямо с корабля пришел стране давать угля, а вот сегодня наломал, как видно, дров.

Спустились в штрек, и бывший зек - большого риска человек - сказал: "Беда для нас для всех, для всех одна: вот раскопаем - он опять  начнет три нормы выполнять,  начнет стране угля давать - и нам хана.

Так что, вы, братцы, - не стараться, а поработаем с прохладцей - один за всех и все за одного".

...Служил он в Таллине при Сталине - теперь лежит заваленный, - нам жаль по-человечески его...

Partial translation: "We sat and drunk all kinds of spirits, suddenly all of us are called to the mine face: we had a stakhanovite, and it so happened that just he was heaped under. <...> We went down the drift, and our foreman, former zeka a man of great risk, told us: "We dig him out, he would continue producing triple quotas, and all of us are in a really big trouble. So, we better not try too hard, let us work 'All for One and One for All'. He served to Stalin in Tallinn, now he is heaped, we all feel humanly sorry for him." Mikkalai 07:51, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)

The article puts a rather positive spin on the Stakhanovites
I've always heard it as a term of derision. The way it was presented to me is that the Stakhanovites would set records in production which management then expected all of the other workers to match (and who was the wag who said that under capitalism man exploits man, but under communism its the other way around?). This emphasis on increased quotas, and penalties for failing them, became another one of the mechanisms of Soviet era oppression and control ( Thank God there aren't any companies like that in America! of the working classes.

Whjamisonjr 04:10, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

The reason it was presented that way to you is because you lived in the West, and the USSR was the West's mortal enemy. You really think they would tell you great things about Soviet life? For what purpose would they do this? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.221.133.190 (talk) 07:00, 11 August 2012 (UTC)

References to Stakhanov appear in several of Solzhenitsyn’s works and not in a positive way. This is actually the subject of academic research. / --Mccainre (talk) 23:07, 7 November 2021 (UTC)

This article does indeed seem to reflect a pro-Stakhanovism bias from the absence of any critical information. Regarding the unsigned comment above that criticism of Stakhanovism is from people who "lived in the West", this person seemed unaware of the fact there are Russian Marxist critics of Stakhanovism whose work can not be called a pro-West bias in any way, since they attack the Stakhanov movement precisely for its capitalistic, individualistic and elitist aspects. For example, Stakhanovism contributed to rising social inequality during the 1930s by encouraging individualistic competition and creating an elite caste of super-workers who could receive high salaries and privileges comparable to the nomenklatura. Also, many accounts of Stakhanovite exploits are easily proven to be fake, many Stakhanovites were known to have scammed the government with fake records, and the Stakhanov movement itself was overall a giant bureaucratic farce which wasted national resources and may have caused an overall net reduction in productivity. A section detailing criticisms of the movement needs to be added. Famisht (talk) 16:56, 21 August 2023 (UTC)

 * The natural place for it would be . That section did previously have a paragraph that briefly mentioned that it was criticised within the Soviet Union as a Stalinist propaganda manoeuvre but this was cut in June, 2023, because no references had been provided for it. However, the section on critical coverage in the Soviet newspaper, Komosolskaya Pravda, remains (although the reference is incomplete).
 * If you know of and have access to appropriate sources, feel free to add new material to that section to provide more balanced coverage. A brief summary of the new material can then be added to the lead section to reflect the expansion of the article.
 * If it helps, the cut material was: During the era of de-Stalinization, which sought to undo much of what was done during Stalin's régime, the Stakhanovite movement was declared a Stalinist propaganda maneuver; workers would receive the best equipment and most favorable conditions so that the best results could be achieved. After Stalin's death in March 1953 'brigades of socialist labor' replaced 'Stakhanovism'. – Scyrme (talk) 17:17, 21 August 2023 (UTC)

Great patriotic war
It seems that this article has a soviet bias. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 71.245.164.60 (talk) 04:53, 29 December 2006 (UTC).

Father of the Modern Sales Contest
Stakhanovism sounds the the beginning of the modern sales contest. Managers find someone to set an outrageously high target and then admonish everyone to aspire to it. As days dwindle and reality begins to rear its ugly head, those who doubted all along are silenced through terrorism or termination. As the final days arrive, salesmen reach ahead to push product into other's inventory and convert future sales into the sales contest period, thereby increasing production through gimmicktry and at the expense of future productivity. At the close of the contest, mangement is not obliged to reward any increased productivity, because the target was not reached, but often does so when workers laud bosses for their fairness and justice. Then the organization purges itself of anyone who was smart enough to see how it would conclude, and often blames them for ruining the sales effort with their negative attitudes.

In fiction
I removed the reference to The Working Class Goes to Heaven, included by, because I am sure that a film whose action occurs in Italy in the 60s/70s (I saw that movie, many years ago...) could have nothing to do with the Stakhanovite movement. MiguelMadeira (talk) 11:44, 15 September 2023 (UTC)

Some sources
Here are some sources we should use in discussing the creation of the Stakhanovite legend: We also need a more precise reference to the Komsomolskaya Pravda article. --Macrakis (talk) 21:20, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * In Soviet, eager beaver's legend works overtime, 1985 (used in the Simple English wikipedia article)
 * Miner celebrity: the real story behind Stalin’s favourite worker
 * Did Stakhanov Act Alone?
 * Alexei Stakhanov: The USSR's superstar miner
 * A.G. Stakhanov in Gaumont Pathé's Soviet Film Archives, 2017

title: Talk:Stakhanovite movement


text:
Talk:Socialist emulation

The song "To the memory of a stakhanovite" by Vladimir Vysotsky in the Talk:Stakhanovite shows the attitude to "socialist work". Mikkalai 07:27, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Kravchenko and Heller
The paragraph about practice of the socialist competition is based on their personal experiences in USSR. Especially Kravchenko, as he was a director of large Soviet industry so he had comprehensive, first-hand knowledge about both the ideology and economy of that era. He describes in details how the Party decisions on planning were driven by ideological goals, rejecting any arguments about feasibility of the plans, and resulted in plans that were completely detached from reality. At the same time execution of the plans was enforced by KGB and non-compliance was treated as"sabotage". This led precisely to the effects described in the paragraph: double accounting, hoarding of resources and false reporting as the only means of avoiding criminal prosecution. This account is not unique to Heller and Kravchenko, other Soviet authors reported the same, for example Nikolai Shmelov (major Soviet economist), Alexander Solzhenitsyn and Nikolai Nikulin. Kravietz (talk) 10:46, 15 July 2015 (UTC)
 * This practice of unrealistic planning cannot be attributed exclusively to socialist emulation. This would be a very simplistic view. You are right about ideological goals. You right about party and kgb pressure. And socemulation played in this its own role. However the overall problems of soviet planning are much broader and must be described in an appropriate article. If you have this book available, please expand the page Soviet-type economic planning. -M.Altenmann >t 14:56, 15 July 2015 (UTC)
 * In particular, you are overlooking that Soviet economy was centrally planned. therefore the impact of "counterplans" was indirect. Further, "hoarding" has nothing to do with socialist emulation per se. It was a result of unbalanced planning, which had numerous reasons. And so on. In short, ideologically motivated planned economy does not work. And this is a subject of the corresponding page. Notice the qualifier, "ideologically motivated". In capitalist world a huge entreprize is a small country. And it is crazy to think that its economy is not planned. But its plans are not based on ideology. -M.Altenmann >t 15:20, 15 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Hi, I agree that it's a quite broad problem, but I don't think the paragraph states that it was an exclusively an outcome of socialist emulation - it merely mentions one aspect of how it looked on the ground from the perspective of Soviet people. The plan was set by the Party, and emulation was promoted to ensure better completion of the plans, so these things were interconnected: individual directors were forced to hoard resources to compete with other directors in plan completion. In any case, if you feel this can be better worded please feel free - it's just something I found in these books and definitely not going to die for it :) Kravietz (talk) 15:28, 15 July 2015 (UTC)

(edit conflict) :By the way, the idea of competition, whether capitalist or socialist is sound. It makes people keep running. And socialist emulation was a smart thought. However the implementation was not possible without objective criteria, which are delivered only by market, (at least we don't know better) and without adequate award for performance. -M.Altenmann >t 15:33, 15 July 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Socialist emulation


text:
Talk:Walmart.com

from VfD:

One piece of trivia does not an encyclopedia article make. Just to be sure, I checked. This doesn't meet any of the criteria for speedy deletion. SWAdair | Talk 07:31, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep as redirect. That's embarrasing.  I thought that surely this already would have been in the main article, and I didn't check.  Gotta slow down...  :-)  SWAdair | Talk  05:06, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Websites are very unlikely to be good article subjects. And without references this info is not verifiable. Even if this was going to yield some info, it should be put in the Walmart article under a header Walmart Online or something. [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|(talk)]] 07:36, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a Web guide. jni 07:45, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment : I've now included this snippet at Walmart, and turned Walmart.com into a redirect -- GWO 08:00, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep as the redirect it currently is. --Daniel C. Boyer 15:53, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep as redirect -- Chuq 22:59, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

title: Talk:Walmart.com