text:
Talk:Władysław Orlicz

Untitled
See Talk:Henryk Zygalski concerning the redundant category. TOO 03:49, Sep 28, 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Władysław Orlicz


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Squash and stretch

Squash and stretch is the phrase used to describe "by far the most important" of the 12 basic principles of animation, described in the book The Illusion of Life by Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston.

Basis
The principle is based on observation that only stiff objects remain inert during motion, while objects that are not stiff, although retaining overall volume, tend to change shape in an extent that depends on inertia and elasticity of the different parts of the moving object. To illustrate the principle, a half-filled flour sack dropped on the floor, or stretched out by its corners, was shown to be retaining its overall volume as determined by the object's Poisson's ratio.

Examples of the elasticity of the human body in motion were found in photographs the animators found in newspaper sports pages. Using these poses as reference the animators were able to start "observing (the motion) in a new way". Author Walt Stanchfield said: "A simple shape plus squash and stretch are all the anatomy you need for cartoon characters".

Application
The ball that would change shape, compressing ("squash") as it hit the ground, then extending (stretch) as it bounced up again, was the simplest example that was part of the preparatory training for Disney animators.

During the 1930s, the squash and stretch were exaggerated by Disney animators, making it ever more extreme, but they had to maintain the overall volume of an object so that it did not appear to change volume as well as shape.

title: Squash and stretch


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Highpointer Peak

Highpointer Peak is a peak of the British Empire Range on Ellesmere Island. Highpointer is located about 22 km west of Barbeau Peak (2616 m), the highest peak of the range.

title: Highpointer Peak


text:
ADATS

ADATS may refer to:
 * Air Defense Artillery Threat Simulators
 * Air Defense Anti-Tank System
 * Australian Defence Air Traffic System

title: ADATS


text:
User:CryptoDerk/articles

This list is mainly for me. If I need to, I can quickly go through my contributions and update them. In most cases, my watchlist suffices for articles that I'm currently working on.

Cryptography/math related

 * all one polynomial
 * change of bases
 * dual basis in a field extension
 * equally spaced polynomial
 * Euler's criterion
 * Fermat primality test
 * Hamming weight
 * hyperelliptic curve cryptography
 * Itoh-Tsujii inversion algorithm
 * Jacobi symbol
 * Legendre symbol
 * Miller-Rabin primality test
 * non-adjacent form
 * normal basis:
 * Pollard's p-1 algorithm
 * polynomial basis
 * primitive polynomial
 * signed-digit representation
 * smooth (number)
 * Solovay-Strassen primality test
 * Taher ElGamal
 * torus based cryptography
 * Yasumasa Kanada
 * Zech's logarithms

School-related

 * Centre for Applied Cryptographic Research
 * J. B. Speed School of Engineering
 * Pi Mu Epsilon
 * University of Louisville
 * Tau Beta Pi
 * United States Academic Decathlon
 * Upsilon Pi Epsilon
 * Salutatorian
 * Valedictorian
 * Master of Engineering

Video games

 * Ace Combat 04
 * Ace Combat 5
 * Amplitude (game)
 * ESPN College Hoops 2K5
 * Frequency (game)
 * Intelligent Qube
 * Karaoke Revolution
 * Terranigma

Poker stuff
Players
 * Bobby Baldwin
 * Jim Bechtel
 * Lyle Berman
 * Bill Boyd
 * Doyle Brunson
 * Mike Caro
 * Johnny Chan (poker player)
 * T. J. Cloutier
 * Hamid Dastmalchi
 * Brad Daugherty (poker player)
 * Annie Duke
 * Sam Farha
 * Chris Ferguson
 * Ted Forrest
 * Hal Fowler
 * Noel Furlong
 * Nick the Greek
 * Barry Greenstein
 * Russ Hamilton
 * Gus Hansen
 * Dan Harrington
 * Phil Hellmuth
 * Phil Ivey
 * Berry Johnston
 * Jack Keller
 * Howard Lederer
 * Kathy Liebert
 * Mansour Matloubi
 * Corky McCorquodale
 * Tom McEvoy
 * Chris Moneymaker
 * Roger Moore (poker player)
 * Carlos Mortensen
 * Johnny Moss
 * Daniel Negreanu
 * Men Nguyen
 * Scotty Nguyen
 * Puggy Pearson
 * David Pham
 * Little Man Popwell
 * Greg Raymer
 * Chip Reese
 * Sailor Roberts
 * Huck Seed
 * Erik Seidel
 * Mike Sexton
 * David Sklansky
 * Amarillo Slim
 * Bill Smith
 * Jack Straus
 * Dave Ulliott
 * Stu Ungar
 * Amir Vahedi
 * Robert Varkonyi
 * David Williams (card player)

Other people
 * Lyle Berman
 * Bill Boyd
 * Jerry Buss
 * Sid Wyman

Miscellaneous
 * List of poker players
 * Poker Hall of Fame
 * Super/System
 * World Poker Tour Walk of Fame

Music

 * Drunken Tiger
 * Freezepop (band)
 * Invisibl Skratch Piklz
 * Testament (band)

Sports

 * Pervis Ellison
 * Rulon Gardner
 * Shane Hamman

Miscellany

 * Cheaters (movie)
 * Harmonix
 * Lambda Lambda Lambda
 * John Hall (New Zealand)
 * Uncle John's Bathroom Reader

Free images
Taken by me

title: User:CryptoDerk/articles


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Angel's Egg

Angel's Egg (天使のたまご) is a Japanese art film original video animation (OVA) written and directed by Mamoru Oshii. Released by Tokuma Shoten on 15 December 1985, the film was a collaboration between artist Yoshitaka Amano and Oshii. The film stars two nameless characters, a young girl who protects an egg, who bonds with a boy who has a dream about a bird. It was the first original project by Oshii and carries themes found in his other works.

It features very little spoken dialogue and a story that is strongly allegorical which has led to many viewers being confused about the film's supposed meaning. The film uses Biblical allusions and has been described as a cult classic.

Plot
The setting of the film takes place in a primordial land, filled with ruins of buildings and stars two nameless characters. One of these is a young girl who scavenges a desolate city while protecting a large egg, which she believes will hatch into an angel. The other is a boy with a large gun who disembarks from a tank.

The girl encounters the boy who questions her about what the egg contains and suggests breaking it, leading to their brief bonding. He wishes to break it to see what's inside. The boy recounts a story that sounds like an alternate version of Noah's Ark in which the bird never returned and never existed and the ship kept sailing. The girl tells the boy that the bird did exist, and brings him to a fossil of an angel.

Later, the boy smashes the girl's egg while she sleeps. This prompts her to look for him and ultimately fall into a body of water, where a large number of eggs appear. After this, the world shown in the film is revealed to have been on top of a shape that looks like the hull of an overturned ship.

Voice actors

 * Jinpachi Nezu – Boy
 * Mako Hyōdō – Girl

Production
Angel's Egg repurposes ideas that Oshii developed for a cancelled Lupin the Third film. Both concepts feature the theme of questioning existence (Lupin's existence in the cancelled film, and the bird from Noah's ark in Angel's Egg), and involve the fossil of an angel Oshii himself said that Angel's Egg was another attempt at the idea and anime critic Ryota Fujitsu has said that Angel's Egg (and the first Patlabor movie) would not have existed if Oshii had gotten to make the Lupin film. Oshii has also stated that the entire angel fossil concept used in Angel's Egg was directly taken from Lupin, and compares the relationship between the boy and girl to that in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams.

Many of the themes and elements in Angel's Egg were originally from Oshii's cancelled Lupin the 3rd film. However, only the angel fossil remains unchanged from its planned appearance.

The film is a collaboration between Amano and Oshii. Oshii originally intended on making a comedy film, with film starting with the girl with the egg first getting off a flying ark in front of a Japanese convenience store, but changed his mind and decided to make it a pure fantasy film after seeing Amano's art. Oshii said that he wanted to remove a narrative as much as possible, and keep the film simple, using animation as an expression to draw out a story, and fill it with symbolic expressions and metaphors "like Jung's archetypes and collective unconscious".

Angel's Egg touches on themes that are common in Oshii's films, including references to the Christian Bible, the symbolism of dreams, as well as the intersection of dreams and reality. Some of these themes appear in his other works, such as 1984's Beautiful Dreamer. The New York Japan Society says the film is "An allegorical fantasy enriched by symbolism and biblical allusion."

Although some publications have indicated that the film is built on director Oshii's supposed loss of faith in Christianity, Oshii himself has stated otherwise in saying that he was not a Christian, but that he thought quotes from the Bible were cool and had a friend who was Christian. The misconception that Oshii was a man of faith has its origins in an interview that was likely mistranslated, in which Oshii is reported to say, "I planned to enter a seminary at one point, but didn't." Which is then followed up by the interviewer asking, "Are you a Christian, or do you just like the Bible for its philosophy?" To which Oshii replies, "For its philosophy." In the same Animerica interview Oshii also said, "I'm not a Christian, but I've been reading the Bible since my student days".

In a 1996 interview with the magazine Animerica, Oshii stated that he made the film because it had elements that intrigued him, such as "Ruins; I like ruins; I like museums; I like fish; I like birds; I like water... and I like girls." He also stated that ruins appear to him in his dreams.

Oshii said in a 1985 interview with Animage that the contents of the egg are supposed to represent dreams and hopes, something that may or may not exist, and that while the girl believed in what was in it, by breaking the egg, the boy showed that what she believed in did not exist. Regarding the bird the boy talks about, though the girl shows the boy an angel fossil in order to convince him that the bird does exist, Oshii has stated that the angel is not the bird. Oshii also said that the ending was one with salvation for the girl, but he did not want it to be shown in a straightforward way, and made it hard to understand.

The angel fossil was later reused alongside other elements from Oshii's cancelled Lupin film in 009 RE:CYBORG, which Oshii was initially supposed to direct and participated in the script for, and was eventually directed by Kenji Kamiyama, a student of Oshii. Kamiyama describes this version of the angel fossil as indication of a god, but not of any particular religion. The angel fossil was also used in the tenth episode of Lupin the 3rd Part 6 which Oshii wrote the script for "Darwin's Bird"  In this episode Fujiko Mine is hired by the archangel Michael to steal the angel fossil, which is actually that of the fallen angel Lucifer, on behalf of his master.

Nezu worked with Oshii once again in Patlabor 2: The Movie and Mako Hyōdō played a supporting role in The Sky Crawlers.

Style
The film has elements that are not typical for anime film productions of that era. It uses a limited color palette making it almost monochrome. The film has very little dialogue. The film is unusual because it contains only 400 cuts when the typical animation has three times that amount.

Production and release
The documentation for the project was written in one night by Toshio Suzuki (producer) but Oshii was displeased with it and did not use it. However, the title of the film, Angel's Egg (天使のたまご), was from Suzuki, where Oshii's original title was Aquatic City (水棲都市).

Oshii began writing the script with the main theme of a dream seen by a girl, continuing from Urusei Yatsura 2: Beautiful Dreamer, but thinking that a script alone would not be enough to get the project approved, invited Amano to make image boards for the proposal. He also showed the image boards to the animators to get ideas from them. There was no definitive script, but rather a collection of ideas noted down like "annunciation" "ark" "setting sun" "a boy holding a cross riding a tank" which were immediately turned into storyboards, and then fitted together, which Oshii says had the intention of making a film without clear drama, made out of visual expressions, like one by Andrei Tarkovsky.

Amano had initially been slated to work on Oshii's cancelled Lupin film, which anime critic Ryota Fujitsu says makes it obvious that Angel's Egg was inherited from Lupin. While Amano was originally invited to work on character designs, Oshii liked his art enough that he ended up in the role of art direction, also designing image boards, and other things such as posters.

Release
Angel's Egg was released in the direct-to-video format on 15 December 1985 by Tokuma Shoten. It was additionally given a limited theatrical release that same year. Although Angel's Egg was highly acclaimed by critics and people in the animation industry in Japan on release, it also resulted in Oshii being labeled as a director who made films hard to understand, which resulted in him being hired far less frequently for years up until he got involved with Patlabor. Speaking at an animation film festival in 1997 through a translator, Oshii explained the film did not do well financially upon release and was an obstacle to him getting work again for years.

The 71-minute OVA would later be used as the skeleton for the 1987 live-action independent film In the Aftermath directed by Carl Colpaert. Colpaert's movie occasionally intercuts with footage from Oshii's Angel's Egg with dubbed over dialogue, which does not appear in Oshii's film.

The film was released on Blu-ray disc in 2013 in Japan. Angel's Egg was screened at Japan Society on 14 October 2022 and later on 10 September 2023 with Amano in attendance. On 29 May 2024, GKIDS announced that they had acquired the North American distribution rights to the film, with the licensor planning to give the film a 4K restoration which will be supervised by Oshii as well as screening the film nationwide in theaters.

Animators
Yoshikazu Yasuhiko said that the reason the film feels like something new is because it is not merely a montage of disjointed scenes, but a complete world depicted within 80 minutes. He also compares the art in the film to the modernism in Belladonna of Sadness, being beautiful but also dangerous.

Haruhiko Mikimoto expressed appreciation for the art direction, particularly having characters with color in front of monotone backgrounds, the use of silhouettes in the backgrounds, and the use of barely visible objects in the dark in backgrounds. He also said that Angel's Egg brought out the best merit of an OVA, which is letting the creator make what they want to make, and that he felt the quality of the film meant it would not be out of place in a movie theater.

Shoji Kokami had high praise for the film, saying that it is a "two-dimensional poem of images given form" that "should be valued as a pinnacle of the media of animation."

Anime critic and producer Noriaki Ikeda also had high praise for the film, saying the apocalyptic setting, religious aspects, and lack of life in it both appeals to and bewilders fans of science fiction. He also contrasted the film with Urusei Yatsura 2: Beautiful Dreamer and Dallos, saying that while they were about giving meaning to a fictional world, it makes an abnormal world to give the characters meaning.

Hayao Miyazaki was more critical of the film, and recounts that Toru Horikoshi, who was a producer for Nippon TV at the time, fell asleep watching the film, and that while Michihiko Suwa of Yomiuri TV approved it for a TV broadcast, he said that he did not understand the film. Miyazaki himself said regarding the film that he "appreciates the effort, but it is not something others would understand" and of Oshii "he goes on a one-way journey without thinking of how to get back".

Oshii recounts that his mother said upon watching the film that nobody would watch his films anymore.

Critics
The film has gained more critical acclaim from critics and industry professionals in later years, with people such as Shoji Kawamori, Ryu Mitsuse, Hideo Osabe, Takashi Murakami, and director Akiyoshi Imazeki heaping praise on it.

Western critics found the film confusing, citing its allegory, symbolism, and ending, as the reasons. Brian Ruh stated that it was "one of the most beautiful and lyric films in the animated medium." Some western critics say that the film is difficult to understand, with visuals and narrative that is both cryptic, convoluted, and allegorical. Jason Thompson writing in Viz Media's online magazine J-pop compared the film's style to Night on the Galactic Railroad while noting that the meaning of the film may be elusive, stating "Angel's Egg stands as an evocation of a mood and world which is powerful in spite of -- perhaps because of -- not being consciously understood." Kara Dennison of Otaku USA said "Mamoru Oshii's 1985 collaboration with Yoshitaka Amano is one of the most beautiful anime committed to film."

Anime News Network writer Lynzee Loveridge compared the film's tone and style to Eiichi Yamamoto's Belladonna of Sadness and René Laloux's film Fantastic Planet and said "There is little else like in the animation medium and fans of thoughtful, experimental works can only hope that more legitimate exposure may lead to broader availability."

Helen McCarthy called it "an early masterpiece of symbolic film-making", stating that "its surreal beauty and slow pace created a Zen-like atmosphere, unlike any other anime". In his book Horror and Science Fiction Film IV, Donald C Willis described the film as "a haunting, poetic melancholic science-fantasy film, and–for non-Japanese-speaking viewers at least–a very cryptic one." Willis also included the film in his list of most memorable films from 1987 to 1997. In an article in Senses of Cinema on Oshii, Richard Suchenski stated that the film was Oshii's "purest distillation of both Oshii's visual mythology and his formal style". The review noted that "Patlabor 2 is more sophisticated, Ghost in the Shell is more important, and Avalon is more mythically complex but the low-tech, hand-drawn Angel's Egg remains Oshii's most personal film."

title: Angel's Egg


text:
Acro Sport I

The Acro Sport is a single-seat aerobatic sportsplane designed by US aviation enthusiast Paul Poberezny in the early 1970s for homebuilding. Plans are marketed by Acro Sport Inc.

The Acro Sport is a short-span biplane of conventional taildragger configuration, typically built with an open cockpit and spatted main undercarriage. Its structure is a fabric-covered, steel tube fuselage and tail group, with a wood wing structure.

Variants
The Acro Sport II is the two place version of the Acro Sport I

title: Acro Sport I


text:
Talk:Unequal treaties

Requested move 6 July 2024

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Page moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) Jerium (talk) 21:12, 13 July 2024 (UTC)

Unequal treaty → Unequal treaties – Usually referred to in the plural as a collection, per WP:NCPLURAL. Remsense 诉  18:05, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Note: WikiProject International relations, WikiProject Korea, WikiProject China, WikiProject Hong Kong, and WikiProject Japan have been notified of this discussion. Remsense  诉  18:06, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Support. Per WP:NCPLURAL. This is also more consistent with the scope of the article body, which addresses the numerous unequal treaties, not just a particular unequal treaty. JArthur1984 (talk) 18:20, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Support. Google ngrams also suggests that "Unequal treaties" is much more common than "Unequal treaty". --Wengier (talk) 18:23, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Support. Have only ever seen this in the plural form. Folly Mox (talk) 19:06, 6 July 2024 (UTC)

 * Support – seems similar to examples listed at WP:NCPLURAL. This article is about a specific set of historical treaties that are typically known as the unequal treaties, not about the general concept of an unequal treaty. —Mx. Granger (talk · contribs) 21:57, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Support per other comments 211.43.120.242 (talk) 00:22, 7 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Support: the article mentions multiple treaties, so WP:NCPLURAL applies.   [[User:CanonNi ]]  (talk • contribs) 02:40, 7 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Support as per Remsense ch (talk) 05:02, 7 July 2024 (UTC)

 * Support per nom. I see that this article is more focusing about multiple set of historical treaties, many of them are unequel treaties. 2404:8000:1037:178:BC59:A73B:4305:D032 (talk) 09:29, 7 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Neutral, leaning oppose pending clarifications. The first part of the article focuses on the term "unequal treaty" in the singular. Moreover, While I have seen the plural "unequal treaties" as a collective term in reference to China, I am not sure the same applies in the context of Japan and Korea, which are also discussed, nor that the plural term as used is inclusive of all three countries. Also, I don't read Chinese/Korean/Japanese script, so I cannot tell if the infobox is translating it into singular or plural. I would appreciate clarification on these points. Walrasiad (talk) 10:20, 7 July 2024 (UTC)
 * The CJK terms can be either singular or plural, depends on context. Japan and Korea each signed their own series of unequal treaties; they are explicitly described as such in both English and in their respective languages. Korea quick search in books, japan in scholar 211.43.120.242 (talk) 10:42, 7 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Support - excellent catch. The first word of the article then should be "The" Red   Slash  06:04, 10 July 2024 (UTC)

 * Support- Even the lead refers to it as unequal treaties and there's more than one treaty, it should be plural.
 * Urchincrawler (talk) 19:14, 12 July 2024 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Support, an understandable title both ways, but the sources used with titles including "unequal" use the plural "treaties" which feels indicative. CMD (talk) 00:33, 13 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Unequal treaties


text:
HP filter

HP filter has several meanings:

 * Hodrick-Prescott filter, an economical filter
 * High-Pass Filter, a frequency filter

title: HP filter


text:
Tsáchila

The Tsachila, also called the Colorados (meaning “the red-colored ones”), are an indigenous people of the Ecuadorian province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, partly named after them. Their native language is Tsafiki, a member of the Barbacoan linguistic family, and translates to mean "true word".

Population
According to the 1997 census, their population had reached 2,640 inhabitants. These are grouped into eight communities: Cóngoma Grante (St. John), Los Naranjos, El Búho de los Colorados, El Poste, Peripa, Chigüpe, Otongo Mapalí, and Filomena Aguavil (Tahuaza). These communities are located in the rural canton of Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas.

Geography
The Tsachila people are located near the base of the Andes Mountains. The province has a surface area of 3,857 km², an altitude of 625 m, and is located 120 km from the Pacific Ocean. The province shares a border to the north and east with Pichincha, to the west with Manabí, to the south with Los Ríos, and the southeast with Cotopaxi. Ecuador’s northwestern zone is the zone that receives the most rainfall in the country. It has a great hydrological wealth where five important basins and micro-basins are located: The east and northeast, the middle and lower course of Toachi, belongs to the White River basin; to the south, the sub-basin of Borbón which belongs to the Guayas river great basin, and is joined with the Babis (Nino Torres). In the southeast, the Peripa river sub-basin; to the northeast. The sub-basin of Quinindé, along with the White River sub-basin; the northeast belongs to the Esmeralda River basin. The city is located at the end of the Toachi river basin which is located to the east side of the city. Bombolí hill is the highest elevation.

Legend of the origin of their ornamentation
Men of this ethnic group are easily distinguishable for an elaborate head decoration that they style by shaving the temporal areas of their heads and shaping the remaining hair into a helmet-like feature with a mixture of grease and annatto sap/seeds which is achiote. This tradition is believed to have been a palliative measure from a time when the Tsachila's were exposed to the ravages of smallpox. A Tsáchila shaman asked a spirit to guide them to a cure by ceremony and prayer. They were guided to an achiote bush. They covered themselves completely with the red juices of the seed-pods and after a few days the mortality in the group was drastically reduced. They are forever grateful to this plant for the protection that it offered to the entire community from smallpox. The shape of their hair style is fashioned to look like the seed pods.

Present day way of life
They speak the Tsafiki or Tsáchila language of the Barbacoan language family. Men wear horizontally striped cobalt blue/black and white skirts, and the women wear brightly colored horizontally striped skirts.

The Spaniards called them "Colorado" (meaning colored red) because they used to cover their entire bodies in the red juices of the achiote seeds, for prevention against Smallpox, but the Spaniards thought red was indeed their true skin color.

Historical notes
The largest city of the canton is Santo Domingo de los Colorados and was named after these ethnic groups. Most Ecuadorians consider the shamans of the Tsachila's holders of secrets of the rain forest and of healing powers that would heal whenever the western medicine had failed. For the most part, this country legend was generated by the fame of Abraham Calazacom a tribal chief of the Tsachila's that led his tribe in the fifties and sixties. Their economic activity is limited to harvesting of native tropical products for traditional medicine, especially the Tagua or Corozo nuts that are used to manufacture hand-crafts in many communities of Ecuador. They also cultivate tropical fruits, including different varieties of the genus Musa (bananas), Pineapples, Papayas, Oranges, etc, as well as farming Cocoa plants.

title: Tsáchila


text: User talk:137.82.188.161

title: User talk:137.82.188.161


text:
User talk:Albinomonkey

Australian Soccer
Why are you reverting my changes. I have put a lot of effort into trying to get a uniformity in Australian football disambiguations so that the average person who clicks on it (who is australia) gets where they want faster and better understands where they have ended up. I do not understand your mentality in this. Xtra 12:34, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

I hope you do not intend to replace the content of the page with what you have got in your sandbox. Even if I were to accept your page move, I would never accept you relegating the far more popular codes of football to the background in the national team disambiguation. Xtra 12:49, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

OK if that was your reason. However, I do not appreciate you treating my edits as bad faith. If you had a real reason then why were you attacking my motives? Xtra 12:55, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

Lake Underwood
You are certainly correct, Lake Underwood never participated on a Grand Prix weekend but has tested a F1 car on a off season which doesn't even count towards the FIA statistics anyway. Andreas 17:33, 10 April; 2006

happy bday
happy 20th mate Luckyj 07:32, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

im interested in football (soccer) articles and when i was just looking around a-league articles, i came across your name, visited your user page and it happned to be on your bday lol keep up the good work with a-league articles cheers Luckyj 14:27, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

Mark Webber
Awesome work on the Mark Webber article mate, really well done! --Windsok 09:48, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

Tireless Contributor Barnstar
Oh, and happy 20th also. I'm a bit late.ßlηguγΣη | Have your say!!! - review me 02:44, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

Joe Marston Medal
Hi. I found a horrible not so optimal :-) edit of you on Joe Marston Medal: . Please do not subst templates like cite web. This looks awful in the wikisource (the edit window) and is a nightmare to maintain. Wiki greetings, --Ligulem 18:42, 26 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your message and sorry if I sounded a bit rude above. Unsubsting is quite hard to do. That substing behaviour of the category:citation templates is really unsatisfactorily. There is a cool proposal for a "substall" function at 2777. Please consider voting there for it. This would exactly do what you were up to.
 * Substing has the drawback that all changes done on the template after the substing are not updated to what has been substed. This is very important. One has to go around with WP:AWB or some bot to update stuff, which is a real pain. The template mechanism has a built-in bot run. This is damn powerful. --Ligulem 22:20, 26 April 2006 (UTC)

Re:heya
I did SOFT1901 at Usyd in 2004, but my name is not Steve. You might be confusing me with someone else. enochlau (talk) 06:46, 27 April 2006 (UTC)

Show/Hide
Yeah, it does seem to be working now. I had a quick look yesterday but didn't have time to get involved. Looking at it now it seem to be fixed because there are more than one show/hide on the page. You can see what I mean if you delete the first table (with two show/hides in it) and preview. I'm not sure why this is but would like to find out someday. - Trevor MacInnis (Talk | Contribs) 00:22, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

WP A-League player project
Should there perhaps be a link from the main A-League project page?--Hack 11:14, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

I am in by the way...--Hack 11:31, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

F1 featured articles
(First off - nice work on Mark Webber, which is currently on portal:Formula One)

The F1 portal (in which I assume you have some degree of interest, as your name is listed on WikiProject_Formula_One) is intended to have a regular rotation of a 'featured article'. I've swapped a few in and out over the last couple of months, but I think it would be better if there were more of a community attempt at deciding this, proposals, votes, that kind of thing. So - why not pop over to Portal_talk:Formula_One and make a suggestion. Ta. 4u1e 00:21, 26 May 2006 (UTC)

Seeking an opinion
As an experienced Wikipedian with an interest in football pages and a record of work on a Featured Article, your opinion would be welcomed on a discussion at Talk:Swansea City A.F.C.. After various attempts to add a site with no original content, the site's owner has now recruited someone else to do the same. The question is this: am I correct to delete links to sites which themselves consist of others' copyrighted material and links to other sites? Given the paucity of real content, I have a strong suspicion that the site is operated on a "cash for clicks" basis.

I would like, ultimately, to see the Swansea City A.F.C. Wikipage reach Featured standard, so I am inviting opinions from Wikipedians with sustantial edit histories. Thank you for your time. - Stevecov 15:04, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

DYK
— BRIAN 0918 • 2006-06-20 15:59

Ta
Thanks for your recategorising the Australian Football catergory, Now it looks much fairer for all three codes. – sliat_1981

Sport in sydney etc
I have talked to him. I have explained why they should be in both as Sydney United and the lower grade soccer teams are. I think if they are there, so should the other codes. —Preceding unsigned comment added by sliat 1981 (talk • contribs)

Well he edited Newcastle Knights out, yet left Central Coast Mariners in of Sport in New South Wales. Being that they can not be catergorised in Sport in Sydney, I felt a right to put them there. --Sliat 1981 10:31, 2 July 2006 (UTC)

Selected articles on Portal:F1
Hello again.

I dropped notes round a while back to those who have listed themselves at WikiProject_Formula_One to ask for suggestions for selected articles on portal:Formula One. There was a pretty good response, both in terms of how it might work and of articles suggested. Damon Hill came out with the most support and was brought up to Good Article standard after a lot of work by Skully Collins before going on as the F1 portal selected article a couple of weeks ago. It is now at Featured Article Candidates as a Featured Article candidate (why not drop by and see if you can help polish it further?).

Several people who responded to the original request suggested that a monthly or bi-weekly 'Selected Article' could act as a catalyst for an improvement drive to get more articles up to a higher standard. Although it wasn't quite what I had in mind when I started, this seemed to work pretty well for the Damon Hill article, so I've drafted up a process for doing this more regularly. See Portal_talk:Formula_One/Management_of_selected_articles for details. Essentially the suggestion is that we vote for an article to improve every couple of weeks and at the end of the improvement process the article goes on the portal as the new 'Selected Article'. I'd be grateful for any comments on how this might work - I'm sure some of you are more familiar with things 'Wiki' than me - as well as your votes for the next candidate (by 16 July).

You may also want to help with the article Gilles Villeneuve, which was the next most popular after Damon Hill. The idea is to try and get it up to GA standard by 16 July and then put it on the portal as the 'Selected Article'. I hope you can help! 4u1e 15:05, 2 July 2006 (UTC)

(2005-06) Player Project
Hey, I was just wondering whether we should change the "2005-06 Player Project" to the "A-League Player Project", and continuallu update it. I'm currently re-organising the WP:A-L page for you, and hopefully we can make this a very active Wikiproject. Killfest2 —Daniel.Bryant  08:25, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Oh, and what do you think about this? I hope it doesn't look like I'm trying to take over this Wikiproject, but I'm just trying to make it more active. My apologies if it appears like what I mentioned previous. Feel free to sign the newsletter (if you approve), as you are the co-ordinator. Any ideas, feel free to post here. Killfest2 —Daniel.Bryant  11:58, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Do you want me to distribute the newsletter to all involved with WP:A-L? Killfest2 —Daniel.Bryant  03:15, 5 August 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Albinomonkey.jpg
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Wikipedia talk:WikiProject A-League
For some reason, the edit sections aren't linking to the right place. Daniel .Bryant  06:46, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

Co-ordinator of WP:A-L
Just wondering if you have any objections/feel any changes need to be made to the September newsletter - it can be viewed here. Make any changes you like, or tell me if it needs to change, or if you're happy, just drop me a line on my talk page saying so, and I can distribute them. Cheers, Daniel.Bryant 06:57, 8 September 2006 (UTC)
 * So distribute now? Daniel.Bryant 08:25, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for your comments on my talk page - much appreciated. I was just getting hacked off at spending time on articles, finding out various facts etc, only for some one else to come along and change things around without contributing anything, declaring "style" as an edit summary. These people, typified today by "Attilios", don't add anything constructive but just take what you've done, something they're not capable of doing themselves, and decide it's not the way they like it. I'll probably be back before long, I don't have much of a life so I'll be bored soon! Cheers. Bretonbanquet 13:54, 30 September 2006 (UTC)

name change of soccer project
I'm ok with what you proposed, and I have said as much back at Wikiproject AFL - for what it's worth. πίππύ δ'Ω∑ - (waarom? jus'b'coz!)  07:34, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Australia football team
Hello. Kingjeff is still pushing his POV about Blatter's "apologies" on Australia national football (soccer) team. Would you please say something to him? --Panarjedde 16:52, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Sydney FC article, player stats, "All competitions"
I think it was your edits that changed the stats on the Sydney FC article. Do you have any "All competitions" data (top five, maybe, or full stats for Apps/Goals) and, if you do, would it be possible to put it up somewhere? While the A-League stats will be easy enough to pull up (official site), I imagine that in a year or two time it might be very tedious to hunt down stats or match records to update, for example, the club's highest goalscorer in all competitions (pre-season, CWC quals etc). Cheers, [dM] 05:06, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks alot. That's pretty much exactly what I was after. -[dM] 01:45, 6 January 2007 (UTC)

Monaco Grand Prix FAC
Monaco Grand Prix is currently a FAC. Just letting you know. Buc 07:51, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Your books on WikiProject Cricket/Library
Hello, Albinomonkey. I was browsing through the list of books that you own on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cricket/Library and wondered if you might have a look through them for information on Spofforth and the 1882 Test Match for me. Thanks, Robertson-Glasgow 12:17, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

 * No problem I'll have a look through them tomorrow morning - is it his work in that specific match you are solely interested in, or Spofforth in general? – AlbinoMonkey (Talk) 13:04, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

 * No, just that match, please. Thanks a ton. Robertson-Glasgow 16:57, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks a lot for helping me out with that, Albinomonkey; it really is much appreciated, and I will put it to good use in the relevant Wikipedia articles. I would be extra-grateful, though, if you would see if that C.P. Moody fellow is quoted any further in Australian Cricket. What you reproduced there was the first from him about this match that I have ever read, and I would be interested to see if he has more to say.
 * Also, would you mind seeing if there is any information on the following two points of interest in that match? Firstly, do your sources have anything to say about C.T. Studd's supposed nervousness in waiting to go out to bat - if A.N. Hornby is quoted on that, it would be quite brilliant - and, secondly, what about something on the controversial run-out of Sammy Jones by W.G. Grace (of special interest being umpire Thoms's rejoinder to the Doctor's appeal)? A million thanks once again, Albinomonkey. Robertson-Glasgow 17:03, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I really cannot thank you enough, and I am more than willing to return the favour if needs be; my cricket library is almost 700-books strong, so I should think that, if there is anything about which you would like to know, I would be able to help you. Nevertheless, many thanks once again, sir. Robertson-Glasgow 04:48, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Wikipedia talk:Notability (people)
Hi, seeing you are interested in football this is an invitation to contribute to this discussion to clarify certain issues about football player notability. I think clearer guidelines are needed to avoid repeated inappropriate nominations for deletion and time consuming discussions. Cheers! StephP 19:52, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

Jimbo is coming to Sydney
Sorry to spam you if you aren't interested. See Meetup/Sydney for more info if you are interested. - Ta bu shi da yu 08:16, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

Help
Dear ASlbinomonkey. A while ago you helped me caterogise a few catergories that were being listed in Australia as "football" when they should have been called "football (soccer)" I really did appreciate your help, and hate to ask you this, but I need your help again. Some more people have been breaking the rule and opened more of them as simply "football". Can you help me caterogise them properly again? The catergories are: Category:Australian football biography stubs and Category:Australia international footballers. Again, I thank you for all your help before. Sliat 1981 07:10, 6 May 2007 (UTC)

Image:Lokocovefclogo.jpg
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Orphaned non-free image (Image:West Indies Cricket Board Flag.png)
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Possible downgrading of A1 GP WikiProject to Taskforce status
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Featured List of the Day Experiment
There have been a series of proposals to initiate a Featured List of the Day on the main page. Numerous proposals have been put forth. After the third one failed, I audited all WP:FL's in order to begin an experiment in my own user space that will hopefully get it going. Today, it commences at WP:LOTD. Afterwards I created my experimental page, a new proposal was set forth to do a featured list that is strikingly similar to my own which is to do a user page experimental featured list, but no format has been confirmed and mechanism set in place. I continue to be willing to do the experiment myself and with this posting it commences. Please submit any list that you would like to have considered for list of the day in the month of January 2008 by the end of this month to WP:LOTD and its subpages. You may submit multiple lists for consideration.--TonyTheTiger (t/c/bio/WP:LOTD) 17:33, 15 November 2007 (UTC)

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WP:F1 Newsletter Issue 1
Hey! I thought that you should recieve our first F1 WP newsletter. Please resopnd if you would like to keep having it!LB22 (talk) 21:26, 16 February 2008 (UTC)

First place
I just wanted to say thanks for creating this. I've used it & found it invaluable. 1 request: add the marque numbers? (Rindt's Lotus 72, for instance.)  TREKphiler   hit me ♠  05:41, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Roy Bell (football)
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I'd like to interview you for our blog
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Vote for Football as the Australian collaboration
Hi -- I recently nominated WikiProject Football (soccer) in Australia/To-do for the Australian Collaboration of the Fortnight.

This WikiProject has been inactive for a long time and with the World Cup coming up, it would be good for football (soccer) articles to be in depth and comprehensive in Australia.

If you would like to support it, click here for the project page to cast your vote

Thanks! Australian Matt (talk) 02:39, 8 April 2009 (UTC)

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Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Albinomonkey! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is an  Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. Please note that all biographies of living persons must be sourced. If you were to add reliable, secondary sources to this article, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

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Chanoch Nissany picture
This picture of Chanoch Nissany? Is it meant to be serious or just a joke. Daniels Renault Sport (talk) 21:40, 21 June 2013 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Albinomonkey


text:
Fatburger

Fatburger North America Inc. (doing business as Fatburger) is an American fast casual restaurant chain owned by FAT Brands. Its tagline is The Last Great Hamburger Stand. While it is a fast-food restaurant, the food is cooked and made to order. Some Fatburger restaurants have liquor licenses as well as "fat bars". Its franchise headquarters are in Beverly Hills, California. In addition to the United States, the chain operates in 19 other countries. The Fatburger menu is centered primarily on hamburgers, offering various sizes and numbers of patties, along with add-ons such as cheese, bacon and eggs.

History
Fatburger was founded by Lovie Yancey (1912–2008) in the neighborhood of Exposition Park in Los Angeles, California, in 1947. It was originally named "Mr. Fatburger" (on behalf of Yancey's boyfriend), until Yancey removed the "Mr." in 1952. At that time, she bought out her start-up partners and retained sole ownership of the Fatburger brand until 1990, keeping and operating the original store on Western Avenue along with the La Cienega Boulevard store (La Cienega/San Vicente).

Fatburger remained a mostly California-based chain until the late 1990s, when it began an expansion in North America. On August 15, 2003, Fog Cutter Capital Group completed a $7 million investment and financing package for the company. Fatburger operates or franchises over 150 Fatburger restaurants worldwide with over 300 more planned for future development. For several months in 2006, the company was barred from selling additional franchises in California, due to chairperson Wiederhorn's felony convictions.

In 1992, Fatburger gained national attention after being referenced in the hit song "It Was a Good Day" by rapper and actor Ice Cube. It was also referenced by The Notorious B.I.G. in the song "Going Back to Cali".

In 2008, Fatburger opened its first restaurant in a sports stadium, the Arizona Diamondbacks' Chase Field. Fatburger also opened its first location in Dubai, U.A.E., (today there are eight). There are also Fatburger eateries in Beijing, PR China.

In January 2013, Fatburger opened its first branch in Karachi, Pakistan. Owing to the success of the burgers and positive response in Pakistan, Fatburger opened its biggest flagship outlet globally in June 2013 in Lahore. In July 2015, a branch in Lahore was shut down by authorities due to health and food safety reasons.

Locations
Fatburger has locations in five western states in the United States and Canada, and new locations in China, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Malaysia, the United Kingdom, Fiji, Indonesia, Iraq (including Iraqi Kurdistan), India, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Tunisia, Macau, Pakistan, Oman, Panama, Singapore, Philippines, Qatar, and Japan. In some locations, menu changes were made to conform to local customs. It will expand into Texas, in cities like Austin, Dallas, Houston and San Antonio. In 2019, it was announced the first Texas location would be created in North Richland Hills.

Partnerships
Former professional basketball player Magic Johnson, through Johnson Development Corporation, was one of the owners of the parent company. Former talk show host Montel Williams co-owns several Fatburger restaurants in Colorado. Bay Area musician E-40 also had a stake in the company as a franchise owner, by opening the first San Francisco Bay Area Fatburger restaurant in Pleasant Hill, which is now closed. Actor and musician Queen Latifah also at one point partnered with Fatburger.

In 2007, rapper Kanye West's restaurant company, KW Foods LLC, struck a deal to open up to 10 Fatburger restaurants in Chicago. Ultimately, in 2009, only two locations actually opened. In February 2011, West shut down the Fatburger located in Orland Park. R&B musician Pharrell, in partnership with Fatburger, opened several Fatburger restaurants in China in 2007 and 2008.

In popular culture
Fatburger has been featured and/or seen in TV series and movies:

 * Sanford and Son frequently mentioned Fatburger in conversation.
 * In the 2001 film Rat Race, the Pear family were sitting inside a Fatburger. Later, Randy Pear buys sleeping pills and puts them in his family's milkshakes.
 * In the 2016 film Get a Job, Hank Diller is at his desk with food from Fatburger.
 * On season 1 episode entitled "Tickets for a Queue" of the Apple TV+ series Trying, Jason and Erica are having a meal at Fatburger.

title: Fatburger


text:
Thomas Tomkins

Thomas Tomkins (1572 – 9 June 1656) was a Welsh-born composer of the late Tudor and early Stuart period. In addition to being one of the prominent members of the English Madrigal School, he was a skilled composer of keyboard and consort music, and the last member of the English virginalist school.

Life
Tomkins was born in St David's in Pembrokeshire in 1572. His father, also Thomas, who had moved there in 1565 from the family home of Lostwithiel in Cornwall, was a vicar choral of St David's Cathedral and organist there. Three of Thomas junior's half-brothers, John, Giles and Robert, also became eminent musicians, but none quite attained the fame of Thomas. By 1594, but possibly as early as 1586, Thomas and his family had moved to Gloucester, where his father was employed as a minor canon at the cathedral. Thomas almost certainly studied under William Byrd for a time, for one of his songs bears the inscription: To my ancient, and much reverenced Master, William Byrd, and it may have been at this period of his career, since Byrd leased property at Longney, near Gloucester. Although documentary proof is lacking, it is also possible that Byrd was instrumental in finding young Thomas a place as chorister in the Chapel Royal. In any case, all former Chapel Royal choristers were required to be found a place at university, and in 1607 Tomkins was admitted to the degree of B.Mus. as a member of Magdalen College, Oxford.

But already in 1596 he had been appointed Organist at Worcester Cathedral. The next year, he married Alice Patrick, a widow nine years his senior, whose husband Nathaniel, who died in 1595, had been Tomkins' predecessor at Worcester. Thomas's only son, Nathaniel, was born in Worcester in 1599, where he was to spend the rest of his life and become a respected musician.

Tomkins was acquainted with Thomas Morley, also a pupil of Byrd's, for his signed copy of Morley's publication Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practicall Musicke (1597) has been preserved, together with Tomkins' many annotations; and in 1601 Morley included one of Tomkins' madrigals in his important collection The Triumphs of Oriana.

In 1612, Tomkins oversaw the construction in Worcester cathedral of a magnificent new organ by Thomas Dallam, the foremost organ-builder of the day. He continued writing verse anthems, and his collection of 28 madrigals, the Songs of 3, 4, 5 and 6 parts was finally published in 1622 with a dedicatory poem by his half-brother John Tomkins (circa 1587–1638), now organist of King's College, Cambridge (later of St Paul's and of the Chapel Royal), with whom Thomas maintained an intimate and loving relationship.

Probably by about 1603, Thomas was appointed a Gentleman Extraordinary of the Chapel Royal. This was an honorary post, but in 1621 he became a Gentleman Ordinary and organist under his friend and senior organist, Orlando Gibbons. The duties connected with this post included regular journeys between Worcester and London, which Tomkins performed until about 1639.

On James I's death in March 1625 Tomkins, with other Gentlemen of the Chapel Royal, was required to attend to both the music for James's funeral and that for the coronation of Charles I. These monumental tasks proved too much for Gibbons, who died of a stroke in Canterbury, where Charles was supposed to meet his future bride, Henrietta Maria of France, placing an even greater strain on Tomkins. Because of plague, the coronation was luckily postponed until February 1626, giving Tomkins time to compose most of the eight anthems sung at the ceremony.

In 1628, Tomkins was named "Composer of [the King's] Music in ordinary" at an annual salary of £40, succeeding Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger who died in March that year. But this prestigious post, the highest honour available to an English musician, was quickly revoked on the grounds that it had been promised to Ferrabosco's son. This shabby treatment was to be only the first of a series of adversities that overtook the composer for the last fourteen years of his life. He continued, however, to perform his dual duties at Worcester and London until 1639.

Tomkins' devoted wife Alice died in 1642, the year civil war broke out. Worcester was one of the first casualties: the cathedral was desecrated, and Tomkins' organ badly damaged by the Parliamentarians. The following year, Tomkins' house near the cathedral suffered a direct hit by cannon shot, making it uninhabitable for a long period, and destroying most of his household goods and probably a number of his musical manuscripts. About this time Tomkins married his second wife Martha Browne, widow of a Worcester Cathedral lay clerk.

Further conflict and a siege in 1646 caused untold damage to the city. With the choir disbanded and the cathedral closed, Tomkins turned his genius to the composition of some of his finest keyboard and consort music; in 1647, he wrote a belated tombeau or tribute to Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, and a further one to the memory of William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury, both of them beheaded in the 1640s, and both admired by Tomkins. Charles I was executed in 1649, and a few days later Tomkins, always a royalist, composed his superb Sad Pavan: for these distracted times. His second wife Martha died around 1653, and deprived of his living, Tomkins, now 81, was in serious financial difficulties. In 1654, his son Nathaniel married Isabella Folliott, a wealthy widow, and Thomas went to live with them in Martin Hussingtree, some four miles from Worcester. He expressed his gratitude by composing his Galliard, The Lady Folliot's in her honour. Two years later he died and was buried in the churchyard of the Church of St Michael and All Angels in Martin Hussingtree on 9 June 1656.

Works
Tomkins wrote and published madrigals—amongst which The Fauns and Satyrs Tripping, included in Morley's The Triumphs of Oriana (1601); Songs of 3,4,5 and 6 parts (1622); 76 pieces of keyboard (organ, virginal, harpsichord) music, consort music, anthems, and liturgical music. Stylistically he was extremely conservative, even anachronistic: he seems to have completely ignored the rising Baroque practice around him, with its Italian-inspired idioms, and he also avoided writing in most of the popular forms of the time, such as the lute song, or ayre. His polyphonic language, even in the fourth decade of the 17th century, was frankly that of the Renaissance. Some of his madrigals are extremely expressive, with text-painting and chromaticism worthy of Italian madrigalists such as Marenzio or Luzzaschi.

He was also a prolific composer of both full and verse anthems, writing more than almost any other English composer of the 17th century—surpassed (putatively) only by William Child—and several of his works for the church were contemporaneously copied for use elsewhere. The survival of his music was ensured by the posthumous publication, overseen by his son Nathaniel, of Musica Deo Sacra et Ecclesiae Anglicanae; or Music dedicated to the Honor and Service of God, and to the Use of Cathedral and other Churches of England (William Godbid, London: 1668); Musica Deo Sacra contains five services, five psalm tunes, the Preces and two proper psalms, and ninety-four anthems, and was published as a five-volume set—one volume each for Medius; Contratenor; Tenor; Bassus, and the Pars Organica.

title: Thomas Tomkins


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Elmer Batters

Elmer Albert Batters (November 24, 1919 – June 25, 1997) was a pioneer fetish photographer who specialized in capturing artful images of women with an emphasis on stockings, legs, and feet, placing him ahead of his time in popularizing foot fetishism imagery as erotic entertainment.

Early life
Batters was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He enlisted in the United States Navy on December 27, 1941, from Los Angeles, California. He served on the USS Sperry (AS-12) from May 1942 until September 1942 and the USS Silversides (SS-236) from September 1942 to April 1943. He also served on the USS Sunfish (SS-281) from April 1943 until April 1944, and became a Yeoman 1st Class.

Career
Batters started out publishing his photographs himself. In 1956, he founded and published Man's Favorite Pastime, which was the first leg-art magazine. Since the early 1960s, his work was featured in magazines such as Sheer Delight, Black Silk Stockings, Leg-O-Rama, Nylon Doubletake, and Tip Top, to name but a few. He paved the way for such critically acclaimed modern foot-fetish photographers as Ed Fox and Johnny Jaan.

One of Batters' favorite fetish models was a Rubenesque woman named Caruschka. Little is known about the model's life, but Batters was smitten with her, as were his fans. Several photo shoots featured the chubby, attractive Caruschka on a garden swing displaying her petite feet in classic foot-fetish "Andalusian-fan" poses, as well as exhibiting a set of fine high arches and well-formed calves.

"When I say Caruschka was my favorite model," Batters once wrote, "I don't just mean me. No girl in the history of my leg-art business has attracted so many admirers as she. Kinda hard to believe these days; I know she is a little heavier than the fashion. Caruschka has charisma, though; she still shines through. She also has a beautiful set of full shapely legs, firm and thrusting tits, and delicate, high-arch feet. But are these things what make us love a woman? I think not. I think love or even sexual attraction comes from the sparkle in a girl's eyes, the lift of her eyebrow, and the way her lips curl into that provocative smirk that hooks a man's soul like a hapless mackerel. This is Caruscha's strength. Her face seduces me even now--these 25 years later as it has seduced thousands of you. Go ahead and give in to her. Even back in the unliberated (years) when these photos where [sic] taken, Caruschka was a girl who loved to have men masturbate over her. Yeah, she was a tease but isn't every woman worth a damn?"

As a foot-fetish pioneer starting in the 1950s, Batters helped make this formerly closeted field of sexual interest more acceptable. Near the end of his life, Batters was rediscovered by German publisher Benedikt Taschen, who produced three books of his work, including From the Tip of the Toes to the Top of the Hose and Legs That Dance to Elmer's Tune. Taschen became acquainted with Batters' work in Leg Show magazine, where editor Dian Hanson introduced a new generation of fetishists to his photos during the 1980s and 1990s. Today, original photographic prints by Batters fetch up to $1,500 among fetish-art collectors.

Batters' military career is mentioned briefly in the out-of-print nonfiction book The Lonely Sky by test pilot William Bridgeman. This book tells the story of the U.S. Navy's experimental Skyrocket supersonic plane program of the 1950s.

Taschen has published several books featuring the work of Elmer Batters.

title: Elmer Batters


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LKM

LKM or lkm may refer to:

 * 7, Lok Kalyan Marg, the official residence and principal workplace of the Prime Minister of India
 * "Liver Kidney Microsomal", the target of an Anti-LKM antibody
 * LKM Unia Leszno, a Polish motorcycle racing team
 * Loadable kernel module, an object code file used to extend the kernel of a computer's operating system
 * Lokomotivbau Karl Marx, a factory complex in East Germany, formerly owned by Orenstein & Koppel

title: LKM


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Acro Sport II

The Acro II is a two-seat aerobatic sportsplane designed by US aviation enthusiast Paul Poberezny in the 1970s for amateur construction. It is an enlarged version of his previous Acro Sport I, sized up to carry two persons. Plans are available through Acro Sport in Wisconsin and material kits are supplied by Aircraft Spruce and Specialty.

Design and development
The Acro Sport II is a short-span biplane of conventional taildragger configuration, typically built with open cockpits and spatted main undercarriage. Its structure is fabric-covered, steel tube fuselage and tail group, with wood wing structure.

Operational history
In March 2017, 83 examples were on the Federal Aviation Administration aircraft registry in the United States, although 129 had at one time been registered. In Canada in March 2017 there were 11 registered with Transport Canada.

Variants

 * Acro Sport I
 * Single place version of the Acro Sport

title: Acro Sport II


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Quiet Storm Records

Quiet Storm Records is a Hawaii-based record label specializing in Hawaiian music.

History
The label was formed by John and Debra Iervolino in 1992. John Iervolino serves as president. The company has won a Na Hoku Hanohano Award. In 2001, Quiet Storm was not only the top independent Hawaiian label, but outpaced the major labels in the Hawaiian genre. In 2003, Quiet Storm's sales surpassed the $1 million level, although its position within the Hawaiian music market had declined to 4th. The company has seen strong sales in Japan. Aside from music recording and production, the company has also set up a distribution division that includes music, books, and DVDs produced by other entities. A declining market for CDs, and accounts-receivable defaults are among the challenges faced by Quiet Storm.

Output
The label has become known for its compilation CDs, which intermingle artists which are only locally known with recordings, leased from major labels, of well-known artists. They have also found success with their own signed artists, including EA.

title: Quiet Storm Records


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Autokinetic effect

The autokinetic effect (also referred to as autokinesis and the autokinetic illusion) is a phenomenon of visual perception in which a stationary, small point of light in an otherwise dark or featureless environment appears to move. It was first recorded in 1799 by Alexander von Humboldt who observed illusory movement of a star in a dark sky, although he believed the movement was real. It is presumed to occur because motion perception is always relative to some reference point, and in darkness or in a featureless environment there is no reference point, so the position of the single point is undefined. The direction of the movements does not appear to be correlated with involuntary eye movements, but may be determined by errors between eye position and that specified by efference copy of the movement signals sent to the extraocular muscles. Richard Gregory suggested that, with lack of peripheral information, eye movements which correct movements due to muscle fatigue are wrongly interpreted as movement of the perceived light.

The amplitude of the movements is also undefined. Individual observers set their own frames of reference to judge amplitude (and possibly direction). Because the phenomenon is labile, it has been used to show the effects of social influence or suggestion on judgements. For example, if an observer who would otherwise say the light is moving one foot overhears another observer say the light is moving one yard, then the first observer will report that the light moved one yard. Discovery of the influence of suggestion on the autokinetic effect is often attributed to Sherif (1935), but it was recorded by Adams (1912), if not others.

Alexander von Humboldt observed the phenomenon in 1799 while looking at stars with the naked eye, but thought it was a real movement of the stars. Thus, he named them "Sternschwanken", meaning "swinging stars". It was not until 1857 that G. Schweitzer showed that it was a subjective phenomenon: several observers all simultaneously viewing the same star reported different directions of the movement.

Many sightings of UFOs have been attributed to the autokinetic effect when looking at stars or planets.

The US Navy started studying autokinesis in 1945 in an attempt to explain vertigo experiences reported by pilots, but this "kinetic illusion" is now categorized as a vestibular-induced illusion: see vestibular system.

In literature
An evocative passage appears in H. G. Wells' novel The War of the Worlds. Although Wells ascribes the apparent "swimming" of the planet to telescope vibration and eye fatigue, it is likely that the autokinetic effect is also being described: Looking through the telescope, one saw a circle of deep blue and the little round planet swimming in the field. It seemed such a little thing, so bright and small and still, faintly marked with transverse stripes, and slightly flattened from the perfect round. But so little it was, so silvery warm—a pin's-head of light! It was as if it quivered, but really this was the telescope vibrating with the activity of the clockwork that kept the planet in view.

As I watched, the planet seemed to grow larger and smaller and to advance and recede, but that was simply that my eye was tired. Forty million miles it was from us—more than forty million miles of void. Few people realise the immensity of vacancy in which the dust of the material universe swims.

In aviation
The effect is well known as an illusion affecting pilots who fly at night. It is particularly dangerous for pilots flying in formation or rejoining a refueling tanker at night. Steps that can be taken to prevent or overcome the phenomenon include:
 * Shifting your gaze frequently to avoid prolonged fixation on light sources.
 * Attempting to view a target with a reference to stationary structures or landmarks.
 * Making eye, head, and body movements to eliminate the illusion.
 * Monitoring the flight instruments to prevent or resolve any perceptual conflict.

In combat
In his book documenting the opening stages of the second Gulf War from his position embedded with the 1st Marine Reconnaissance Battalion, Evan Wright documents an incident during which, at night in the Iraqi desert, the Marines observed the lights of a town approximately 40 kilometers away. These lights appeared to be moving and were suspected of belonging to a large combat force moving out to attack the marines. An airstrike was called in on the estimated position of the lights—estimated to be around 15 kilometers away—which resulted in no enemy assets being destroyed. It was later suggested by Major Shoup of the battalion that this misidentification was a result of autokinesis. In the HBO mini-series based on the book, this information was imparted to the viewer by the character of Sergeant Brad Colbert, who had correctly deduced that it was a town in both versions.

Night fighter and night bomber crews during the Second World War reported encounters with mysterious aerial phenomena, nicknamed foo fighters, which may have been caused by autokinesis or a similar effect.

Autostasis
The opposite effect of autokinesis is autostasis. It is when a moving bright light in a dark sky appears stationary.

title: Autokinetic effect


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Darcy McKeough

William Darcy McKeough (January 31, 1933 – November 29, 2023) was a Canadian politician in Ontario. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1963 to 1978 who represented the ridings of Kent West and Chatham—Kent. He was a cabinet minister in the governments of John Robarts and Bill Davis. Due to McKeough's senior position in cabinet as Treasurer, Minister of Economics and Intergovernmental Affairs and Minister of Municipal Affairs, he was often referred to as the 'Duke of Kent'.

After he retired from politics in 1978, McKeough spent a further career in business administering his companies McKeough Investments and McKeough Supply. He also spent time as a member of the board of Hydro One and was CEO of Union Gas.

Background
Born in Chatham, Ontario and educated at Ridley College in St. Catharines, Canada. After which received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Western Ontario in 1954.

Politics
From 1960 to 1961 and 1962 to 1963, McKeough was a member of the Chatham City Council.

In the 1963 provincial election, McKeough ran as the Progressive Conservative candidate in the southwestern Ontario riding of Kent West. He defeated Liberal candidate G.R. Newkirk by 1,739 votes. In 1967, he ran in the new riding of Chatham—Kent and defeated Liberal Tom Henry by 1,291 votes. He was re-elected in 1971, 1975 and 1977.

In 1966, McKeough was appointed to cabinet as a Minister without portfolio by Premier John Robarts. In 1967 he was promoted to Minister of Municipal Affairs after the previous minister, Wilf Spooner was defeated in the 1967 election. Among other things, he introduced legislation to create the city of Thunder Bay in Northern Ontario by an amalgamation of existing municipalities.

In 1971, McKeough entered the leadership race to replace Robarts who retired in December 1970. He was viewed as a compromise candidate between front runner Bill Davis and contender Allan Lawrence. He placed third in the contest which was won by Davis. After McKeough dropped out he endorsed Davis which was seen as a key move in Davis's narrow victory. In return, Davis appointed McKeough to the senior cabinet post of Treasurer of Ontario and Minister of Economics.

In September 1972, McKeough resigned from cabinet when it was revealed in a story by The Globe and Mail that he was involved in a conflict of interest when, as Minister of Municipal Affairs, his ministry had approved a housing development in which he was financially involved. In his resignation announcement, McKeough claimed he had done nothing wrong but felt that he could no longer continue in his position when his credibility would be continually questioned.

In 1973, McKeough was returned to cabinet as Minister of Energy. In January 1975, he was restored to the posts of Treasurer and Minister of Economics and Intergovernmental Affairs. In August 1978 he retired from politics.

Later life and death
After leaving political office in 1978, McKeough returned to the private sector and has had a number of positions, particularly in the energy sector. In 1994, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada for his "successful business ventures and fund-raising efforts on behalf of educational, medical, research and cultural institutions".

McKeough died from complications of pneumonia on November 29, 2023, at the age of 90.

title: Darcy McKeough


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Norwegian Academy

The Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature (Det Norske Akademi for Språk og Litteratur), commonly known as the Norwegian Academy, is a Norwegian learned body on matters pertaining to the modern Norwegian language in its Dano-Norwegian variety, now commonly known as Riksmål and Bokmål. The academy was established in the Norwegian government's honorary residence Grotten in 1953 based on the model of the Swedish Academy and the French Academy, but the idea was originally conceived by Bjørn Bjørnson in 1913. Its members are elected for life on the basis of scholarly, literary or artistic merits. The academy publishes the main dictionary of Norwegian, Det Norske Akademis ordbok ("Dictionary of the Norwegian Academy", www.naob.no), is responsible for regulating the written standard known as Riksmål ("National Language") and has a literary and cultural purpose. The academy awards the Norwegian Academy Prize in memory of Thorleif Dahl.

History
The academy was founded in 1953 by several notable Norwegian authors and poets, among them Arnulf Øverland, Sigurd Hoel, A.H. Winsnes, Cora Sandel and Francis Bull. They disagreed with the official language policy aiming to merge Bokmål with Nynorsk and protested against what they called state discrimination against the dominant Norwegian written standard Riksmål. This was Norway's de facto written language, used by most large newspapers and by the majority of the population as a written standard (although not necessarily a spoken one). The Academy was modelled after the Swedish Academy and the French Academy.

In addition to regulating Riksmål, the most conservative and Danish-near form of Norwegian, the academy publishes dictionaries and supports the publishing of literature in Riksmål. To-day, after several reforms worth in the official Bokmål and in the traditional Riksmål, Bokmål in its "moderate" version and modern Riksmål more or less coincide with some deviations.

The Academy has 51 members (2021), each of whom is a specialist in miscellaneous areas of analysis, investigation and expertise. These include Nordic studies, German, English and French languages and literature, history, philosophy, law, political science, poetry et cetera. The President of the Academy is John Ole Askedal.

The Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature was represented, along with other non-governmental language organisations, in the Norwegian Language Council, which regulates the official Bokmål and Nynorsk languages, since its establishment in 1972 until it was reorganized in 2005.

In 1981, the Academy merged with Riksmålsvernet, founded in 1919.

Members
The following are current members of the Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature:

 * Nils August Andresen
 * John Ole Askedal
 * Bodil Aurstad
 * Kjetil Bang-Hansen
 * Trond Berg Eriksen
 * Liv Bliksrud
 * Tor Bomann-Larsen
 * Fredrik Bull-Hansen
 * Bentein Baardson
 * Lars Saabye Christensen
 * Arnold Eidslott
 * Thor Falkanger
 * Ivo de Figueiredo
 * Lise Fjeldstad
 * Dagfinn Føllesdal
 * Karin Gundersen
 * Tor Guttu
 * Cathrine Grøndahl
 * Erik Fosnes Hansen
 * Håkon Harket
 * Per Egil Hegge
 * Nils Heyerdahl
 * Roy Jacobsen
 * Christian Janss
 * Egil Kraggerud
 * Sissel Lange-Nielsen
 * Hanne Lauvstad
 * Mari Lending
 * Tom Lotherington
 * Jørn Lund (corresponding)
 * Carina Nilstun
 * Helge Nordahl
 * William Nygaard
 * Kjell Arild Pollestad
 * Per Qvale

 * Hilde Sejersted
 * Ole Michael Selberg
 * Rune Slagstad
 * Arild Stubhaug
 * Henrik Syse
 * Jan Jakob Tønseth
 * Helene Uri
 * Trond Vernegg
 * Finn-Erik Vinje
 * Peter Normann Waage
 * Egil A. Wyller
 * Vigdis Ystad
 * Knut Ødegård

title: Norwegian Academy