text:
Placer Dome

Placer Dome Inc. was a large mining company specializing in gold and other precious metals, with corporate headquarters in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

In August 2005, the company had interests in 16 gold mining operations in 7 countries; it had a market capitalization of $6.7 billion USD (on June 30, 2005). For the year 2004, it had sales of $1,888 million, net earnings of $284 million, and cash from operations of US$376 million.

The company was purchased by Barrick Gold in 2006, and was assimilated into Barrick.

History
Placer Dome was formed in Vancouver in 1987, by amalgamating Placer Development Ltd. of Vancouver (founded in British Columbia in 1926), Dome Mines Limited of Toronto (founded in Ontario in 1910, to build the original Dome Mine), and Campbell Red Lake Mines Ltd. of Toronto (founded in Ontario in 1944).

Placer Dome was heavily invested in mines in South Africa prior to the end of apartheid. Sensing that their ability to continue owning mines in post-apartheid South Africa would diminish, they started investing in Australia and Papua New Guinea, and briefly became Australia's biggest landlord.

Placer Dome operated the Detour Lake gold mine before selling the property in 1988 while it was being decommissioned. Placer Dome acquired several mining companies over its lifetime: Kiena Gold Mines Ltd. in 1988 (0.92 shares of Placer Dome Inc. for each share of Kiena Gold Mines Ltd.), Sigma Gold Mines Ltd. in 1988 (0.97 shares of Placer Dome Inc. for each share of Sigma Gold Mines Ltd.), Placer Pacific Ltd. in 1997 (0.066 shares of Placer Dome Inc. for each share of Placer Pacific Ltd. held), Getchell Gold Corporation in 1999 (2.45 shares of Placer Dome Inc. for each common share of Getchell Gold Corporation held), AurionGold Ltd. in 2003 (17.5 shares of Placer Dome Inc. for every 100 AurionGold shares, plus US$0.28 per AurionGold share), and East African Gold Mines Ltd. in 2003 ($252.4 million in cash).

In 2002 the first 3.6 tonne, 17 kW, hydrogen-powered hydrail mining locomotive for Placer Dome was demonstrated in Val-d'Or, Quebec.

Reputation
Placer Dome was generally perceived as more progressive than its competitors in terms of community engagement and environmental concerns, although its rushed context analysis and community engagement in the set up of Porgera Gold Mine resulted in misunderstandings and community tension that led to "war" between the local population and Placer Dome, and also later Barrick Gold, once they bought Placer Dome.

Operations
In August 2005 Placer Dome had interests in 16 mining operations in seven countries: Campbell, Musselwhite, and Porcupine in Canada; Golden Sunlight, Turquoise Ridge, Cortez, and Bald Mountain in the United States; Zaldívar and La Coipa in Chile; North Mara in Tanzania; South Deep in South Africa; Porgera in Papua New Guinea; and Osborne, Henty, Kalgoorlie, and Granny Smith in Australia.

In New South Wales Australia, Placer Dome obtained ownership of the defunct Timbarra Gold Mine, where it achieved some local acclaim for setting new, higher State standards for mining rehabilitation.

In Papua New Guinea, at the Porgera Gold Mine, Placer Dome severely contaminated the Porgera river, surrounding rivers and the gulf of Papua. In 2005, Akali Tange Association published their report The Shooting Fields of Porgera Joint Venture which documents allegations of murder of local residents by mine security contractors.

Controversy
Placer Dome (and now Barrick Gold) are defendants in an ongoing court battle over the highly controversial Marcopper mining disaster, which took place at the Marcopper Mine (run by Marcopper, a Placer Dome subsidiary) on the island of Marinduque, Philippines.

Takeover
Barrick Gold acquired 100% of Placer Dome shares on January 20, 2006, and integrated the company into its own. Once Barrick gained over 90% of the company shares it could force people to sell their shares to gain the 100% which it required. March 8, 2006 was the final day for trading of Placer Dome's common shares on the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.

title: Placer Dome


text:
Fuck you very much

Fuck you very much may refer to:

 * FCC Song, by Eric Idle (2004)
 * Fuck You (Lily Allen song) (2009)
 * Celebrated Queer/gay drag performer Divine: As a part of their performance, they constantly swore at the audience, historically, and often using their signature line of "fuck you very much."

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Fuck you very much


text:
Shuji Nakamura

Shuji Nakamura (中村 修二) is a Japanese-American electronic engineer and inventor of the blue LED, a major breakthrough in lighting technology. Nakamura specializes in the field of semiconductor technology, and he is a professor of materials science at the College of Engineering of the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).

Together with Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano, Nakamura received the 2014 Nobel Prize for Physics "for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes, which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources". In 2015, his input into the commercialization and development of energy-efficient white LED lighting technology was recognized by the Global Energy Prize. In 2021, Nakamura, along with Akasaki, Nick Holonyak, M. George Craford, and Russell D. Dupuis, were awarded the Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering "for the creation and development of LED lighting, which forms the basis of all solid-state lighting technology".

Careers
Nakamura graduated from the University of Tokushima in 1977 with a B.Eng. degree in electronic engineering, and obtained an M.Eng. degree in the same subject two years later, after which he joined the Nichia Corporation, also based in Tokushima. It was while working for Nichia that Nakamura invented the method for producing the first commercial high brightness gallium nitride (GaN) LED whose brilliant blue light, when partially converted to yellow by a phosphor coating, is the key to white LED lighting, which went into production in 1993.

Previously, J. I. Pankove and co-workers at RCA put in considerable effort but did not make a marketable GaN LED in the 1960s. The principal problem was the difficulty of making strongly p-type GaN. Nakamura drew on the work of another Japanese group led by Professor Isamu Akasaki, who published their method to make strongly p-type GaN by electron-beam irradiation of magnesium-doped GaN; however, this method was not suitable for mass production. Nakamura developed a thermal annealing method that was much more suitable for mass production. In addition, he and his co-workers worked out the physics and pointed out the culprit was hydrogen, which passivated acceptors in GaN.

At the time, many considered creating a GaN LED too difficult to produce; therefore, Nakamura was fortunate that the founder of Nichia, (1912–2002), was willing to support and fund his GaN project. However, the senior Ogawa ceded the presidency to his son-in-law Eiji Ogawa (in 1989). The company under Eiji's direction ordered him to suspend work on GaN, claiming it was consuming too much time and money. Nakamura continued to develop the blue LED on his own and in 1993 succeeded in making the device.

Despite these circumstances, once Nakamura succeeded in creating a commercially viable prototype, 3 orders of magnitude (1000 times) brighter than previously successful blue LEDs, Nichia pursued developing the marketable product. The company's gross receipt surged from just over ¥20 billion (≈US$200 million) in 1993 to ¥80 billion (≈US$800 million) by 2001, 60 percent of which was accounted for by sales of blue LED products. The company's workforce doubled between 1994 and 1999 from 640 to 1300 employees.

Nakamura was awarded a D.Eng. degree from the University of Tokushima in 1994. He left Nichia Corporation in 1999 and took a position as a professor of engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

In 2001, Nakamura sued his former employer Nichia over his bonus for the discovery as a part of a series of lawsuits between Nichia and Nakamura with Nichia's US competitor Cree Inc.; they agreed in 2000 to jointly sue Nichia at the expense of Cree and Nakamura received stock options from Cree. Nakamura claimed that he received only (≈US$180) for his discovery of "404 patent," though Nichia's president Eiji Ogawa's side of the story was that he was shocked beyond belief that the court would award Nakamura ¥20 billion, and downplaying the significance of the "404 patent," opined that the company had adequately compensated him for the innovation through promotions and bonuses amounting to ¥62 million over 11 years and annual salary which was raised to ¥20 million by the time Nakamura quit Nichia.

Nakamura sued for ¥2 billion (<US$20 million) as his fair share for the invention, and the district court awarded him ten times the amount, ¥20 billion (<US$200 million). However, Nichia appealed the award and the parties settled in 2005 for ¥840 million (≈US$8.1 million, less than 5% of the award amount), which was still the largest payment ever paid by a Japanese company to an employee for an invention, an amount only enough to cover legal expenses incurred by Nakamura.

Nakamura has also worked on green LEDs and is responsible for creating the white LED and blue laser diodes used in Blu-ray Discs and HD DVDs.

Nakamura is a professor of Materials at the University of California, Santa Barbara. In 2008, Nakamura, along with fellow UCSB professors Dr. Steven DenBaars and Dr. James Speck, founded Soraa, a developer of solid-state lighting technology built on pure gallium nitride substrates. Nakamura holds 208 US utility patents as of 5 May 2020.

In November 2022, Nakamura co-founded Blue Laser Fusion, a commercial fusion company, with Hiroaki Ohta, a former president of Tokyo-based drone maker ACSL. In July 2023, Blue Laser Fusion raised $25 million from venture capital firm JAFCO Group and the Mirai Creation Fund, which is backed by Toyota Motor and other investors and managed by the SPARX Group.

Personal
Nakamura is married to Yuki Nakamura.

Recognition

 * 2001 – Asahi Prize from the Japanese Newspaper, Asahi Shimbun
 * 2002 – Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics from the Franklin Institute.
 * 2006 – Finland's Millennium Technology Prize for his continuing efforts to make cheaper and more efficient light sources.
 * 2007 – nominee for the European Inventor Award awarded by the European Patent Office
 * 2008 – Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research.
 * 2008 – Honorary degree of Doctor of Engineering from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
 * 2008 – Holst Memorial Lecture Award [Eindhoven University of Technology and Royal Philips Research, the Netherlands].
 * 2009 – Harvey Prize from the Technion in Israel.
 * 2012 – Silicon Valley Intellectual Property Law Association (SVIPLA) Inventor of the Year.
 * 2014 – Nobel Prize in Physics together with Prof. Isamu Akasaki and Prof. Hiroshi Amano for inventing blue light-emitting diodes.
 * 2015 – Global Energy Prize for the invention, commercialization and development of energy-efficient white LED lighting technology
 * 2015 – Asia Game Changer Award
 * 2016 - Outstanding Achievement in Science & Technology at The Asian Awards
 * 2017 – Institution of Engineering and Technology Mountbatten Medal
 * 2018 – Zayed Future Energy Prize
 * 2021 – Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering
 * 2022 – Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement

title: Shuji Nakamura


text:
Talk:PGA TOUR

All caps?

 * Unless PGA TOUR is an acronym for something, it should be spelled PGA Tour (no matter how the PGA does it). Tregoweth 21:27, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree completely with Tregoweth. The PGA has done the same all-caps style for their tournament "The INTERNATIONAL" and apart from its added emphasis, there is no significant reason to do so. Sidp 16:04, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I completely disagree with Tregoweth & Sidp, The PGA TOUR is a brand and the brand integrity should be respected. Bazinwanga 18:05, Jun 21, 2012 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Bazinwanga (talk • contribs) 22:06, 21 June 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:PGA TOUR


text:
Talk:Jesus built my hot rod

 * This article was on votes for deletion, the consensus was to redirect it to Psalm 69: The Way to Succeed and the Way to Suck Eggs. See the archived discussion for further details.

-

title: Talk:Jesus built my hot rod


text: Template:PD-USGov-Military-Badge

title: Template:PD-USGov-Military-Badge


text:
Virino

The virino is a hypothetical infectious particle once theorized to be the cause of scrapie and other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. It was thought to consist of nucleic acids within a protective coat of host cell proteins. The hypothesis was never widely accepted, and the causative agents responsible for these diseases are now widely accepted to be prions.

Origin of the concept
The virino was described partially to protect the central dogma of molecular biology, which was threatened by the existence of a series of degenerative neurological TSE diseases including kuru, CJD, scrapie in sheep, and BSE in cattle. The central dogma states that nucleic acids act as information carriers, and DNA and RNA make proteins. Proteins alone cannot make DNA. However, studies searching for the transmission agent of scrapie and other TSEs failed to culture bacteria, and tests attacking nucleic acids strands have little effect on the infectivity of TSE solutions. These failures largely rule out a virus as the infective agent. Experiments using electron beams designed to disrupt large molecules have been performed to investigate the size of the agent show that it is very small: much smaller than the smallest known virus.

The virino also has the benefit of explaining the traits of TSEs which resemble nucleic acids: for example, their occurrence in strains, which positively indicates the TSE agent is information carrying, and not merely a toxin.

History of description
In 1971, Dickinson, AG and Meikle, VM provided a hypothesis for the replication of the scrapie agent. This hypothesis was based on the discovery of a single autosomal gene controlling the scrapie incubation period in mice and on observations about strains of the scrapie agent. They dubbed the gene sinc for scrapie incubator. This hypothesis proposed that the gene products of each sinc allele contributed to a multimeric protein structure, which then formed a 'replication site' for the scrapie agent. The replication of the agent would depend on how the particular strain interacted with the replication site and of what the site was composed. The fact that different strains of scrapie were known had suggested the agent was similar to conventional viruses in that it carried a genome composed of nucleic acids. Thus, variants could arise during incubation, giving rise to new strains. No host-encoded properties were found to determine scrapie agent strain differences. This was thought to prove that the genome of the agent could vary independently and, although replicated by normal host mechanisms, was not coded by the host. The term 'virino' was coined to reflect the small size, immunological neutrality, and virus-like nature of the infectious particles.

Thus, in the nucleotide model proposed by Dickinson, AG, and Outram, GW in 1979, the lifecycle of the scrapie agent included a stage where the genome was bound to host protein, probably a multimeric protein complex, derived from the sinc gene. Recalling Enrico Fermi's word play on a neutron-like particle, Outram coined the term 'virino' to describe a small virus. In the virino model, the host protein protects the scrapie agent nucleic acids from degradation and prevents the host from raising an immune response, since the protein/nucleic acid complex is seen as a legitimate part of the host. However, the presumed scrapie-associated nucleic acid has not been identified, and physical or chemical evidence for its presence is lacking.

title: Virino


text:
Minister for Supplies

The Minister for Supplies (An tAire Soláthairtí) was created by the Ministers and Secretaries (Amendment) Act 1939, to assist Ireland through World War II, or the Emergency, as it was referred to by the Government of Ireland. Although the legislation creating the new department was not passed until 21 December 1939, it was given retrospective effect, and was deemed to have come into force on 8 September 1939.

The Minister for Supplies was charged with controlling production, distribution and pricing of vital supplies during the Emergency. According to the historian Bryce Evans, Minister Seán Lemass introduced full rationing in Ireland 'too late', ensuring the black market trumped later state attempts at equitable distribution amid the British wartime supply squeeze. Earlier historians had pointed to Lemass's successes in stockpiling essential goods.

The minister's functions were transferred to the Minister for Industry and Commerce on abolition of the office on 1 August 1945. Lemass had been serving in both positions from 1941.

title: Minister for Supplies


text:
Talk:Fox Hunt

 * This article was on votes for deletion, the consensus was to redirect it to Fox hunting. See the archived discussion for further details.

-

title: Talk:Fox Hunt


text:
Talk:Naxalites

What's the relation between Naxalites and the Peoples War Group? —iFaqeer | Talk to me! 21:28, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Naxalites


text:
Talk:Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War

Naxalites vs. PWG
What's the relation between Naxalites and the Peoples War Group? —iFaqeer | Talk to me! 21:28, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * PWG falls under the naxalite banner. Naxalite is a loose grouping of those following a similiar ideology. Lihaas (talk) 15:42, 14 July 2008 (UTC)

merge
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Maoist%29 Lihaas (talk) 22:00, 24 July 2008 (UTC)
 * No, these are not identical. CPI(Maoist) was formed through the merger of PWG and MCC. --Soman (talk) 06:12, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
 * That;s true, but there is some overlap in content. Lihaas (talk) 16:33, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I've tried to start cleanup of the article. The two should not overlap, they are clearly notable in their own right both of them. --Soman (talk) 17:03, 25 July 2008 (UTC)

Copyright concerns
This article was tagged for copyright evaluation on January 20th. Investigation shows that on July 2008, content was placed in this article which duplicated the previously published. Text was also copied into the article at that time from. The current version of the article seems to be therefor an unauthorized derivative work of those sources. One is explicitly protected by copyright; in the absence of verifiable evidence otherwise, the other is presumptively copyrighted as well.

The article will need to be completely rewritten or reverted back to the last clean version, here. I'm resetting the clock on the investigation because the contributor of this text, who may be able to offer evidence of permission or otherwise clarify these concerns, was not notified. The article will be revisited in a week to see if permission has been provided or the article rewritten in the temporary space now linked from the article's face. --Moonriddengirl (talk) 13:13, 28 January 2010 (UTC)

Move?
moved per WP:COMMONNAME. Both editors appear to agree that the group is better known as the people's war group and per the commonname policy, that's where the article should be. --rgpk (comment) 18:02, 13 April 2011 (UTC)

Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People& → People's War Group —
 * The most common name for this group is People's War Group However for some reason it is a redirect to the current name, which is ridiculously overlong and convulated. Tentontunic (talk) 09:42, 7 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Oppose, CPI(ML)PW is the correct name, PWG its nickname. CPI(ML)PW clarifies the linkage to the original CPI(ML). --Soman (talk) 00:35, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Really? Communist Party of India Marxist Leninist People's War 19 results People's War Group 2,180 Per WP:COMMONNAME it ought to be changed, never mind just common sense. Tentontunic (talk) 00:40, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * CPI(ML)PW was the actual name of the party, "PWG" the name ascribed to it by media. There is a point in using the actual name, which is less mystified that the nickname and gives a better idea of what type of organization we are talking about. In any case PWG name is clearly mentioned in the intro of the article. --Soman (talk) 00:46, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

Referencing
"Terrorism, instability, and democracy in Asia and Africa" doesn't really provide any solid information on the party, it just has a sweeping mention. Reading through the rest of pages 131-132, it shows that the authors have a very superficial understanding about the development of the communist movement in South Asia. The authors says that PWG was a Nepalese organization (not Indian), which goes to show that they know nothing about it.

There is no lack of potentially proper references on the subject. "The Naxalite movement in India" by Prakash Singh (a former police commander) is a good start, which I recall dealt with CPI(ML)PW in some detail. http://cpim.org/marxist/198501_marxist_naxalism_Prakash.htm gives background for the early stages --Soman (talk) 00:59, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I really can`t see the communist party of india being a good source for this article. Terrorism, Instability, and Democracy in Asia and Africa is printed by an academic press and is highly reliable. We can also use Resources, governance and civil conflict By Magnus Öberg which is published by Psychology Press, see p77. Tentontunic (talk) 01:07, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Terrorism, Instability, and Democracy in Asia and Africa says that PWG was a faction of the Nepal Communist Party and that they initiated a "civil war" in 1996. That is absolutely bogus, they can't differentiate between Indian CPI(ML)PW and CPN(Maoist).
 * Karat's article is certainly not impartial (and very negative towards the naxals), but does present a rare and systematic survey of the movement at that juncture of its history.
 * Öberg is ok by me to use as a source, regarding the 2004 Hyderabad rally, roots in Telangana movement, resurgence in Srikakulam in 2002, vaciliating positions of AP government and tactic of mobilizing Adivasis. But it provides little detailed background on the party in particular. Also note usage of name CPI(ML)PWG on pages 77 and 97. --Soman (talk) 01:20, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Please also note "People's War Group" on pp 77, 84, 86, 97, 290. Per WP:COMMONNAME again you see. Tentontunic (talk) 01:25, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Have you missed the fact that it was I who wrote "usually called People's War Group (PWG)" in the very first version of this article? --Soman (talk) 01:36, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

Revolutionary and dissident movements of the world by Bogdan Szajkowski, 2004, p. 161, states that CPI(ML)PW is the official name, PWG is the common name, that the party was founded on April 22, 1980 and that Muppala Lakshmana Rao was its general secretary (after KS one assumes). --Soman (talk) 01:39, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * (ec)I had not looked that far back, but now I have I am curious as to why it has taken you so long to actually add references to this article? Since 2004 it has been unsourced. And now you have the gall to complain about sources and offer up communist party ones? Wow. Tentontunic (talk) 01:42, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Around 2004-2005 (when Wikipedia was still largely undeveloped and follow-up on policies much more laxed than now) I didn't generally add references to articles I created. To reference all those article is a pretty big backlog, and not something easily done. I occasionally come across such cases and add references. I appreciate when other editors chip in and find references, and I'm happy to help out when other editors find interest in improving old articles I started. However, a bad or outright fault reference (in this case a book that cannot differentiate between India and Nepal) is worse than no reference, and should be removed. As you can see from this talk page I have commented on the different sources you provide, and already begun adding other ones. --Soman (talk) 02:30, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

Please drop your issue with the source, were exactly is Jehanabad? You know, the place were this group formed? Right next to Nepal, were they have operated in and carried out attacks. The source is fine. Tentontunic (talk) 08:15, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
 * CPI(ML)PW was not formed in Jehanabad. In fact it was quite weak in Bihar for a long time, the party established itself in the region first with the merger with CPI(ML)Party Unity. Cox et al simply confused CPI(ML)PW and CPN(Maoist). --Soman (talk) 16:49, 8 March 2011 (UTC)

As per the book edited by P.V. Ramana, do note that it is a product of ORF, a Sangh Parivar-linked think-tank. That doesn't automatically discredit its usage as a reference, but it is equally politically partisan as Karat's article. --Soman (talk) 20:04, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * And as per the naming issues in P.V. Ramana (ed.) authors of different chapters use either CPI(ML)PW and PWG. The index page in the beginning lists solely CPI(ML)PW, though. --Soman (talk) 20:05, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * As has been pointed out, WP:COMMONNAME I am unsure why you do not wish to use the most widly used term for this group. Ramana was printed by Pearson Education, a reputable publisher. Tentontunic (talk) 20:11, 9 March 2011 (UTC)
 * "Reputable" and "partisan" are not mutually exclusive. My main problem is not the article name, but the deletion of the formal name (CPI(ML)PW). WP:COMMONNAME is a guideline, but there are plenty of cases in Wikipedia were it isn't applied mechanically. I prefer CPI(ML)PW, for accuracy. My view is that both names have to be mentioned to decrease confusion over the identity of the organization. Also, a case of just this sort of confusion can be found in page 16 of Ramana, where it is assumed CPI(ML)PW and PWG are two different entities (a move that seriously undermines the accuracy of the work). --Soman (talk) 20:21, 9 March 2011 (UTC)

 * The name of this page should be changed to Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War. Many other political parties are very rarely referred to using their full names. For example, The INC and AIFB are commonly called Congress and Forward Bloc respectively. More frequent mention of the CPI(ML)PW referred to as the People's War Group is found in newspapers because the press always does not address Maoist groups formally. Some vernacular newspapers go to the extent of referring Maoists as "Maos". But these are not enough reason to replace the formal name of a political party with its "common name", specially when that common name gives little or no trace of the party's history or ideology to the average reader. Srijon (talk) 18:06, 14 July 2011 (UTC)


text:
User talk:Chrax

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

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title: User talk:Chrax


text:
User talk:Chris78~enwiki

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

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P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Chris78. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Chris78~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

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Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:35, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Chris78~enwiki


text:
Thomas Moule

Thomas Moule (14 January 1784 – January 1851) was an English antiquarian, writer on heraldry, and one of Victorian England's most influential map-makers. He is best known for his popular and highly decorated county maps of England, steel-engraved and first published separately between 1830 and 1832.

Moule was born in Marylebone, London. He sold books in Duke Street, Grosvenor Square, from 1816 to 1822. Later, he became an inspector of 'blind' (illegibly addressed) letters at the General Post Office. He died at his residence in St. James's Palace, to which he was entitled as Chamber-keeper in the Lord Chamberlain's Department.

Works

 * with John Preston Neale and John Le Keux
 * with William Westall
 * with William Westall
 * with William Westall
 * with William Westall
 * with William Westall

title: Thomas Moule


text:
User talk:Vancegloster

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J. Preston (n.d.)
In your Ambrosia article (unless you didn't yourself makes these references) what are all the allusions to "J. Preston (n.d.)? I know it refers to an author, but who is the author, and what does the "n.d." mean?  I'm just very curious. Tomwhite56 (talk) 03:17, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Vancegloster! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to insure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. if you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 22:02, 8 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Patrick Moraz -

AfC notification: User:Vancegloster/Peter Matuchniak has a new comment
 I've left a comment on your Articles for Creation submission, which can be viewed at User:Vancegloster/Peter Matuchniak. Thanks! Legacypac (talk) 12:59, 2 February 2018 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Peter Matuchniak (February 2)
 Your recent article submission to Articles for Creation has been reviewed! Unfortunately, it has not been accepted at this time. The reason left by Robert McClenon was:

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Robert McClenon (talk) 16:52, 2 February 2018 (UTC)

Your draft article, Draft:Peter Matuchniak

Hello, Vancegloster. It has been over six months since you last edited the Articles for Creation submission or Draft page you started, "Peter Matuchniak".

In accordance with our policy that Wikipedia is not for the indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia mainspace, the draft has been nominated for deletion. If you plan on working on it further, or editing it to address the issues raised if it was declined, simply and remove the, , or  code.

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Thanks for your submission to Wikipedia, and happy editing. Hhkohh (talk) 06:32, 3 August 2018 (UTC)

title: User talk:Vancegloster


text:
User talk:Toh

Hi. Nice job on the cork taint page. I wrote the first version, mostly using the Oxford Companion to Wine as a source, but you did a much better job. Keep up the good work! Wnissen 03:46, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Thanks on Vegetable oil ... Nice piece of syntax. -- Dbroadwell 21:15, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Redfaced
And a small suggestion. If you write at least something on your User page, your signature will become a pleasant blue. Oleg Alexandrov 01:29, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * On the other hand, keeping it red makes it much easier to find my own comments on a talk page thick with them - such as this one is becoming. ;) But if you find it truly obnoxious, perhaps I can dream up some filler. - toh

 * You made me have some good laughs! Oleg Alexandrov 02:07, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Acoustic cleaning and wiki links
Hello Toh, Thank you for the input and apologies for having created work for you. Although i thought that some of the links were more constructive than others, for instance the link from cement and the cleaning of cement silos is i believe constructive, i am happy to follow your suggestions.

This is what i have done to try and rectify some of the questions you raised

a. Silo cleaning...i have raised the issue on the discussion page.I think i can move some way towards a NPOV but ideally i will get input from other contributors who will know more.

b. Acoustic cleaning....not sure this article can ever be truly neutral, almost by definition. If you look on the discussion page you will see that i have cross referenced another wiki page where a similar issue has arisen ( not one i was involved with!)

c. Finally where i think that internal links will be valuable probably better to suggest on discussion page 1st and see what response is...for example Fletcher Christian. Suspect this is now too long a note so will sign off

Collieman 19:08, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

Higgs boson consensus vote
There is currently a vote on the Higgs boson talk page over whether or not to merge the pop culture references article with the main article. I noticed you've previously contributed to the debate, so your vote would be helpful in establishing a consensus (or, perhaps, a vote of "no consensus", in which case the problem will be referred to AfD). Thanks! -DMurphy 21:36, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Recreation, addiction, and self-destruction
Recreational use of drugs is not self-destruction. Many people lead very fulfilling lives as addicts. Please change your opinion in the oxycontin discussion page, as you are stating a rather ill informed opinion. Granted, it is a discussion page, but you're a very eloquent and concise writer, and I'd hate for you to let your emotions cloud otherwise very useful input. - Never — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.88.179.74 (talk)

 * Hi Never - You may be surprised to find that I essentially agree with you. In fact I had thought my comment to be an argument for neutrality, but I now see that the parenthetical juxtaposition "used for recreation (or self-destruction)," is a bit too concise. I had intended the "or" to imply that not all recreational, or even addictive behaviour was necessarily self-destructive, which I think is also the gist of your argument. I don't like to edit or delete discussions and I do think that the subsequent sentences serve to clarify, but given your concern I've added a small subcomment. Whether I can mitigate my general abuse of parentheses is a question I'll take forward.

 * My own view of the broader topic is that addiction potential is a facet of most behaviour, and that most people in a leisured culture will manage multiple addictions of various modalities at various times in their lives.

 * As a side note, you appear to have a good deal to offer on a difficult and taboo subject, not to mention a restrained and open-minded stance that typically works very well on this site. I'd encourage to you create an account, or remain signed in if you already have one. The personal rewards of doing so aren't obvious at first, but they become tangible over time. - toh 20:07, 7 April 2007 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:51, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Signature
As per Signatures "Your signature must include a link to your user page, talk page, or contributions." Currently you have to look in the history of the talk page to see who you are. CambridgeBayWeather, Uqaqtuq (talk), Huliva 02:04, 8 June 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Toh


text:
Interstate 294

Interstate 294 (I-294) is a tolled auxiliary Interstate Highway in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Illinois. Forming the southern portion of the Tri-State Tollway in Illinois, I-294 runs from South Holland at I-80/I-94 and Illinois Route 394 (IL 394) to Northbrook at I-94. I-294 is 53.42 mi long; 5.32 mi are shared with I-80. It serves as a bypass around the city of Chicago. I-294 is also the longest auxiliary route of I-94, at 10 mi longer than I-494 in Minneapolis–Saint Paul. In addition, the tollway is the longest auxiliary Interstate Highway in Illinois, and it intersects the most primary Interstate Highways at six.

Route description
I-294 begins at the interchange between I-94, I-80, and IL 394 in Lansing. I-94 splits off toward Chicago while I-80/I-294 heads west as an eight-lane tollway and crosses above a railroad track and Thorn Creek in Thornton. The highway crosses under the Chicago Southland Lincoln Oasis, Chicago Road, another railroad track, and State Street through residential areas. I-80/I-294 is between the Thornton Quarry on an elevated area before crossing the quarry on a bridge and passing under another railroad track. The highway then enters East Hazel Crest and has a cloverleaf interchange with IL 1 (Halsted Street) and widens to 10 lanes. Then, I-80/I-294 reenters the residential areas and center cross over Center Avenue, the Canadian National Railway Chicago Subdivision, the Metra Electric, and the Dixie Highway. After crossing under 171st Street, I-80 splits off and heads toward Des Moines, Iowa, and I-294 narrows to eight lanes in Hazel Crest.

After the I-80 split, I-294 heads north and enters Markham. It crosses under 167th Street and goes through the 163rd Street toll plaza. I-294 has a cloverleaf interchange with US Route 6 (US 6; 159th Street) and turns northwest toward an incomplete interchange with I-57. I-294 then enters Posen and has a partial interchange with IL 83 (147th Street). I-294 turns west to cross the Rock Island District and Kedzie Avenue. I-294 turns northwest, and enters Midlothian. It crosses over South Claire Boulevard, Pulaski Road, the Midlothian Turnpike, 135th Street, and the Calumet River. I-294 has an interchange with IL 50 and IL 83 (Cicero Avenue) with a northbound exit and southbound entrance via 127th Street in Alsip. It then passes by warehouses and crosses over Ridgeland Avenue, 115th Street, 111th Street, 107th Street, the tracks of the SouthWest Service, Southwest Highway, Stony Creek, all while entering Worth, Chicago Ridge, and Bridgeview. The tollway enters Justice and has another interchange with US 12/US 20 (95th Street) and IL 43 (Harlem Avenue). I-294 then crosses over 87th Street and Roberts Road. It then goes through the 82nd/83rd street toll plaza. It crosses over 88th Avenue and has an interchange with IL 171 (Archer Avenue), US 45, US 12, and US 20 (La Grange Road). I-294 then crosses the Canadian National Railway Joliet Subdivision, the Illinois and Michigan Canal, the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, the Des Plaines River, the BNSF Railway Chillicothe Subdivision, Santa Fe Drive, and an access road on the Mile-Long Bridge. I-294 then enters Indian Head Park and has an interchange with I-55 and Joliet Road and turns north.

I-294 then passes under Plainfield Road, crosses a small creek, crosses under the Hinsdale Oasis, and enters Hinsdale. I-294 passes under 55th Street, 47th Street, the BNSF Railway Line, and a trail. I-294 then has a cloverleaf interchange with US 34 and enters Oak Brook. I-294 crosses under 31st Street and Cermak Road. I-294 goes through the Cermak Road toll plaza and the Hillside Strangler. It crosses over IL 38 (Roosevelt Road) after the plaza. It enters Hillside and crosses over I-88 and I-290. It then crosses under Saint Charles Road, enters Berkeley, and crosses the Union Pacific West Line. I-294 enters Northlake and crosses over US 20 (Lake Street), IL 64 (North Avenue), and Grand Avenue. It then takes the Grand Avenue Curve, turning northeast as it approaches O'Hare International Airport. I-294 crosses over the Union Pacific New Line and Wolf Road, briefly enters Bensenville, crosses over the Bensenville Railyard of the Canadian Pacific Railway and Milwaukee District West Line, and US 12/US 45 (Mannheim Road), enters Schiller Park, crosses under the former O'Hare Oasis, and passes by the Irving Park toll plaza (for southbound lanes). It passes through the Chicago Panhandle, which connects O'Hare to the rest of the city. It then enters Rosemont, crossing under Balmoral Avenue, I-190 and the Blue Line, and crossing over I-90, having an interchange with each of the three previously mentioned roadways.

I-294 enters Des Plaines, passing by the Touhy Avenue toll plaza (for northbound lanes), and crosses over River Road. It then has a partial interchange with Touhy Avenue. I-294 crosses the Des Plaines River and the Union Pacific Northwest Line, and enters Park Ridge. I-294 has a partial interchange with US 14 (Dempster Street), enters Glenview, and crosses over Northwest Highway and Ballard Road. It has another partial interchange with IL 58 and crosses over the Union Pacific New Line, Central Avenue, IL 21 (Milwaukee Avenue), and Lake Avenue. It has a diamond interchange with Willow Road and enters Northbrook. It crosses under Sanders Road and IL 68 (Dundee Road) and crosses over Sanders Road. It enters Deerfield and terminates at a partial interchange with I-94 just south of Lake-Cook Road, the county line, to which I-294 has full access.

History
The portion of the Borman Expressway that was completed from Gary westward and the Kingery Expressway were originally designated as I-80, I-90, and I-294 from shortly after the Interstate Highway program was enacted until about 1965 when the connection between the Borman and the Indiana Toll Road was completed, and I-90 was swapped with I-94 west of that junction (and east of where those routes share the same road in Chicago), cutting back I-294 to its current south terminus (eliminating the Indiana part of I-294).

I-294 was constructed largely before the growth and maturation of the suburbs that run along the corridor. As a result, the vast majority of the interchanges are partial or were configured to have entrance ramps feeding the toll plazas. Long gaps between exit ramps are common, the 6.5 mi gap between Cicero Avenue (IL 50/IL 83) and 95th Street (US 12/US 20) being one of the more notable ones. Partial interchanges are located at Roosevelt Road (IL 38; northbound exit, southbound entrance), Irving Park Road (IL 19) (southbound exit, northbound entrance), Touhy Avenue (northbound exit, southbound entrance), Dempster Street (US 14; northbound exit, southbound entrance), and Golf Road (IL 58; southbound exit, northbound entrance).

From 1992 to 1993, the central portion of I-294 between Balmoral Avenue and 95th Street was widened to eight lanes. As part of the project, the 79th Street exit was removed while the 75th Street/Willow Springs Road exit was constructed. It also caused southbound 83rd Street Toll Plaza to relocate north. Several former partial interchanges have been converted to full interchanges, with automated toll collection facilities on the new ramps, such as at 159th Street (US 6; northbound on and southbound off added) and 95th Street (US 12/US 20; southbound on and northbound off added). Between 2006 and 2009, the southern and northern portions of I-294 (IL-394 to 95th Street and I-90 to Lake Cook Road respectively) were fully reconstructed and expanded, bringing the entire highway up to eight lanes.

The Illinois State Toll Highway Authority (ISTHA) and the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) are partnering to construct a new interchange to connect I-294 to I-57. The primary interchange connections between I-294 and I-57 were completed in 2014, while the remaining ramps except for northbound I-57 to southbound I-294 and northbound I-294 to southbound I-57 were completed on September 11, 2022.

The central portion of I-294 between Balmoral Avenue and 95th Street is currently being reconstructed and widened to a five/six-lane cross-section, with the inside shoulder being a flex lane that can be used during emergencies or heavy congestion. The work also includes reconfiguring the interchange with I-88/I-290. It required the demolition of the Hinsdale Oasis. The entire project is scheduled to be completed in 2026.

title: Interstate 294


text:
Cathedral (band)

Cathedral were a doom metal band from Coventry, England. The group gained attention upon release of its debut album, Forest of Equilibrium (1991), which is considered a classic of the genre. However, the band's sound evolved quickly and began to adopt characteristics of 1970s metal, hard rock and progressive rock. After releasing ten full-length albums and touring extensively for over two decades, Cathedral broke up after the release of The Last Spire in 2013.

Early history (1989–1991)
In 1989, Lee Dorrian left Napalm Death because he was reportedly tiring of the punk scene and did not like the death metal direction which Napalm Death was taking. Cathedral was formed after Lee Dorrian and Mark Griffiths (a Carcass roadie) met and discussed their love for bands like Black Sabbath, Candlemass, Pentagram, Trouble, and Witchfinder General. The band was founded in 1989 by Dorrian, Griffiths and Garry Jennings (formerly of thrash metal band Acid Reign). Dorrian was the only founding member to remain with Cathedral for its duration, although Jennings' departure ultimately proved to be temporary. Cathedral released The Forest of Equilibrium through Earache. According to Dorrian, only Winter or Autopsy were doing something similar, sound-wise, at the time.

The Columbia years (1992–1994)
After the release of the Soul Sacrifice EP, Cathedral signed with Columbia Records. That enabled the successful two-month Campaign for Musical Destruction Tour in the United States. Cathedral's experience on Columbia was described by Dorrian as "surreal". As Dorrian explained,

Cathedral's major label debut, The Ethereal Mirror, was noted by Jason Birchmeier of Allmusic for its experimentation, upbeat tempos, and groove-laden guitar riffs. After releasing The Ethereal Mirror in 1993, Cathedral was dropped by Columbia the following year.

Back to Earache (1995–2001)
The band resumed its relationship with Earache Records, which lasted until 2001. During this time, Cathedral released four full-length albums that continued to explore faster rhythms and 1970s-hard rock-influenced guitar riffs before returning to a relatively slow cadence for Endtyme in 2001.

Switching labels (2002–2010)
Cathedral signed with Spitfire Records and released The VIIth Coming. After releasing a single album on Spitfire, Cathedral signed to Nuclear Blast for their final three albums. These albums included the "inspired" and "quirky" but "uneven" The Garden of Unearthly Delights, the double-disc The Guessing Game, which was touted as the "most psychedelic, progressive material in the band's entire catalog" and the "true doom" of the band's farewell album, The Last Spire.

The Last Spire and split (2011–present)
While Cathedral had contemplated disbanding in the past, most recently after the release of The Garden of Unearthly Delights in 2006, on 6 February 2011, Cathedral announced that they would disband after the release of The Last Spire in April 2013. Dorrian explained that "It's simply time for us to bow out. Twenty one years is a very long time and it's almost a miracle that we managed to come this far!" Cathedral played their last show in Perth, Western Australia during the Soundwave 2012 tour.

Shortly before the release of The Last Spire, Dorrian told Noisecreep that there will never be a Cathedral reunion, and called that idea "absolutely stupid." Guitarist Gaz Jennings added that chances of a Cathedral reunion are "very, very slim", and that he "just can't see" it happening in the future. He also stated that Dorrian has "moved on" and does not want to be involved in a reunion. Three out of four of the final members of Cathedral reformed the band Septic Tank after Cathedral's break up.

When asked in July 2020 by Decibel magazine about the possibility of a Cathedral reunion, Dorrian said: "To just reform and cash in on the lucrative offers we've been getting ever since we broke up would feel a bit like we're just doing it for the cash, which is never what it was about in the first place. Never say never, I guess, but it's very doubtful. We ended it for a reason."

Musical style
Cathedral's releases have been marked by sharp shifts in style. While Forest of Equilibrium was firmly entrenched in a slow, heavy doom sound, elements of 1970s metal and groovier riffs entered its sound beginning with the Soul Sacrifice EP. By the time that The Ethereal Mirror was released, the band had incorporated references to 1970s music, such as the disco influences heard on "Midnight Mountain".

As Dorrian explains, the band's original sound was a product of the immediate musical environment combined with the band members' influences:

Beginning with the Soul Sacrifice EP, the band began to incorporate a diverse array of 1970s influences into its sound. With 2001's Endtyme, Cathedral re-introduced the slower, doomy elements that had not been as prevalent on its previous four albums.

The Guessing Game represented another development in the band's sound, with Cathedral's progressive and psychedelic influences coming to the forefront. For Dorrian, the album's direction was a result of the fact that:

Remarking on Cathedral's penchant for evolving its sound, Dorrian said:

Final line-up

 * Lee Dorrian – vocals (1989–2013)
 * Garry Jennings – guitars (1989–2013), bass (1993–1994) , keyboards (1994–1996)
 * Brian Dixon – drums (1994–2013)
 * Scott Carlson – bass (2011–2013)

Former members

 * Andy Baker – drums (1989)
 * Adam Lehan – guitars (1989–1994)
 * Mark Griffiths – bass (1989–1993), guitars (1989)
 * Ben Mochrie – drums (1989–1991)
 * Mike Smail – drums (1991–1992)
 * Mark Ramsey Wharton – drums, flute (1992–1994), keyboards (1992)
 * Leo Smee – bass (1994–2011)

Live musicians

 * Victor Griffin – guitars (1994)
 * Joe Hasselvander – drums (1994)
 * Barry Stern – drums (1994–1995)
 * Dave Hornyak – drums (1995)
 * Max Edwards – bass (2003–2004)

Discography

 * Forest of Equilibrium (1991)
 * The Ethereal Mirror (1993)
 * The Carnival Bizarre (1995)
 * Supernatural Birth Machine (1996)
 * Caravan Beyond Redemption (1998)
 * Endtyme (2001)
 * The VIIth Coming (2002)
 * The Garden of Unearthly Delights (2005)
 * The Guessing Game (2010)
 * The Last Spire (2013)

title: Cathedral (band)


text:
Carlinhos Brown

Antônio Carlos Santos de Freitas, known professionally as Carlinhos Brown (Brazilian Portuguese: /kaʁˈlĩɲus bɾaw̃, -iɲuʃ/, 23 November 1962), is a Brazilian singer, percussionist, and record producer from Salvador, Bahia. His musical style blends funk, latin music, R&B, soul music, reggae, and traditional Brazilian percussion.

In 2012, he competed for an Oscar with the song "Real in Rio", the result of a partnership with Sérgio Mendes for the soundtrack of the film Rio. Among the various awards received throughout his career, a Goya Award, two Latin Grammys and 8 nominations stand out, in addition to the trophy given in recognition of his work as an art educator by ISME - International Society of Musical Education.

Early life
He was born in Candeal Pequeno, a neighborhood in the Brotas area of Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, to Renato and Madalena. In 1967 he was still a child when Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil, two 25-year-old musicians from Bahia, started Tropicália, which would radically change Brazilian music.

Osvaldo Alves da Silva, his mentor, introduced him to Brazilian folklore.

Early years
Brown learned to play various percussion instruments as he grew up and in the 1980s he began to collaborate with other artists. In 1984 he played with Luís Caldas's band Accordes Verdes, one of the originators of samba-reggae. In 1985, Luís Caldas recorded "Visão de Cíclope", composed by Carlinhos Brown, and it became one of the hottest songs on Salvador's radio stations. Following this, he composed "Remexer", "O Côco" and "É Difícil" for other artists, and in 1989 he formed part of Caetano Veloso's band on the record Estrangeiro, penning a song, "Meia Lua Inteira", that was very successful in Brazil and outside the country. earning him a Caymmi trophy, one of the most important music awards in Bahía, and led to his participation in world tours with João Gilberto, Djavan, and João Bosco.

Timbalada
In the late 1980s Brown started to form percussion ensembles to unite the people in his hometown. He simply gathered people in the streets and taught them basic percussion patterns. Candeal is a town whose residents share deep roots in Candomblé, a religion African slaves brought to Brazil. The customs and ceremonies shared in this religion brought a lot of drumming into the everyday lives of those living in Candeal. Carlinhos realized this enriched culture was an opportunity for growth. Eventually this gathering of peoples grew into a band called Timbalada which became so popular along with the other band he composed of Candeal residents – Vai Quem Vem (Who Comes, Goes)- that he had to build a concert stadium to hold all the people who came into town to watch them practice. Timbalada recorded eight albums and toured various countries around the world. Billboard magazine named their debut album the "best record produced in Latin America in 1993". Many of the proceeds went towards fixing up the streets of Candeal by repaving roads and renovating houses.

In 1992, Brown appeared on several songs on the album Ritual Beating System by the project Bahia Black. Organized by prolific producer Bill Laswell, Bahia Black brought together Brazilian musicians with American jazz players. Also in 1992, Brown composed and performed songs for Sergio Mendes's Brasileiro album, his songs for that album including "Fanfarra", "Magalenha" and "Indiado".

Solo career
On the heels of Timbalada's success, in 1996 Brown released a solo album called Alfagamabetizado, on which he sang, composed, and played the instruments. That year also saw Brown appearing on the album Roots by the Brazilian metal band Sepultura.

In 1997, Brown made a cameo appearance performing the song "A Namorada" in the 1997 American film Speed 2: Cruise Control, and appeared on the film's soundtrack. He also appeared in a Brazilian movie, Navalha na Carne (Razor in the Flesh).

In 1998, he collaborated with Bonga and Marisa Monte on the track "Mulemba Xangola" for the AIDS benefit compilation album Onda Sonora: Red Hot + Lisbon produced by the Red Hot Organization.

Brown's second album, Omelete Man, was released in 1998, and was followed by a third album, Bahia do Mundo, Mito e Verdade, in 2001.

He released Carlinos Brown É Carlito Marrón in 2003 and collaborated with DJ Dero on the 2004 album Candyall Beat. The Carlito Marrón album achieved considerable success in Spain, where it was repackaged a year later with extra tracks, achieving a hit single "Maria Caipirinha" (with DJ Dero) on the Spanish charts in 2004. Carlinhos Brown remains active in the Salvador da Bahía community, founding the Pracatum Music School in the Candeal neighborhood in 1994 as a non-profit organization dedicated to education, cultural, and community development programs in the city, including a professional music school. In addition, he has his own recording label, Candyall Records. Brown has also begun painting, and his art works have been well received.

On 10 April 2007, Carlinhos' album A Gente Ainda Não Sonhou was released by SonyBMG. It was recorded in Salvador de Bahia between March 2005 and September 2006. Two songs were co-written with Marisa Monte and Arnaldo Antunes.

Carlinhos Brown is extensively featured in the 2004 documentary El Milagro de Candeal. The title is translated as "The Miracle of Candeal" and features the influence and transformation Brown has done for Candeal. What was once considered a dangerous shanty town is now seen as colorful music town.

In 2011, he collaborated with Los Van Van to record the track "Soy Loco Por Tí, América" for the Red Hot Organization's most recent charitable album Red Hot + Rio 2. The album is a follow-up to the 1996 Red Hot + Rio. Proceeds from the sales will be donated to raise awareness and money to fight AIDS/HIV and related health and social issues. More recently, he was featured in Shakira's song "LA LA LA" which was the kick off song for the 2014 World Cup in Rio.

In 2012 on 2023, Carlinhos Brown was selected to be a judge in The Voice Brasil (Season 1), a reality talent show. His role as a judge continued consecutively for nine years. He has also been a judge on the spinoff show, The Voice Kids, throughout its eight seasons.

Tribalistas
In 2002 he formed the group Tribalistas with Arnaldo Antunes and Marisa Monte, contributing vocals and drums to their self-titled album Os Tribalistas. Their single "Já Sei Namorar" became the number-one song on Brazilian radio stations, and their second single "Velha Infância" met with almost equal success. The album spawned two more hits in Brazil:, "Passe em Casa", co-written with Margareth Menezes, and "É Você". In 2003, Tribalistas won the Best Album, Best DVD, and Best Song (for "Já Sei Namorar") awards from the Multishow of Brazilian Music.

Social activism
Carlinhos established the Pracatum School or otherwise known as the Pracatum Project in 1994. Having established a name for himself, he wanted to do more than just write powerful lyrics, he wanted to help his hometown and the children, whom like him, had high hopes with such little resources. The proceeds of this school along with Timbalada went towards improving health reforms, urban development such as paving the streets that once had overflowing sewer water, and renovating unfinished housing projects.

Family
He and Raquel Machado (also Raquel Jacobs) have a daughter, Nina De Freitas (b. 1990). His current wife is Helena Buarque and they have four children together: Francisco (also known as Chico; b. 1996), Clara (b. 1998), Cecília (b. 2006) and Leila (b. 2009). He has a son named Miguel (b. 1997) from another relationship.

Discography

 * 1996 Alfagamabetizado (Blue Note)
 * 1998 Omelete Man (Blue Note)
 * 2001 Bahia do Mundo, Mito e Verdade (Blue Note)
 * 2003 Carlinhos Brown é Carlito Marrón (Blue Note)
 * 2004 Candyall Beat (Vale)
 * 2007 A Gente Ainda Não Sonhou (Sony BMG)
 * 2010 Adobró (Sony BMG)
 * 2010 Diminuto (Sony BMG)
 * 2012 Mixturada Brasileira
 * 2014 Marabó
 * 2014 Vibraaasil
 * 2015 Sarau du Brown

Awards and nominations
Carlinhos Brown was also honoured in 2003 with a Prince Claus Award, under that year's theme "The Survival and Innovation of Crafts".

title: Carlinhos Brown


text:
Andreas Brehme

Andreas "Andi" Brehme ( 9 November 1960 – 20 February 2024) was a German professional football player and coach. At international level, he is best known for scoring the winning goal for Germany in the 1990 FIFA World Cup final against Argentina from an 85th-minute penalty kick. At club level, Brehme played for several teams in Germany and also had spells in Italy and Spain.

A versatile attacking full-back with an eye for goal, Brehme was capable of playing anywhere along the flank on either side of the pitch, and was known for his crossing ability, ambidexterity, and his accuracy from free-kicks and penalties, possessing a powerful shot.

Club career
Andreas Brehme was born in Hamburg and started his career with the city's local side HSV Barmbek-Uhlenhorst.

Brehme played for 1. FC Kaiserslautern from 1981 to 1986, before moving to Bayern Munich, where he played from 1986 to 1988, winning the Bundesliga in 1987. After that, he joined Italian side Inter Milan, playing there from 1988 to 1992, alongside compatriots Lothar Matthäus and Jürgen Klinsmann, and winning the Serie A in 1989 – also being named player of the year – and the UEFA Cup in 1991. Brehme played the 1992–93 season at Real Zaragoza in La Liga, before returning to Germany once again in 1993 to play for Kaiserslautern once again. He won the German Cup with the club in 1996, although they suffered relegation during the same season; nevertheless, Brehme remained with the team even when they were relegated, playing a key role in the side's immediate promotion the following season. After subsequently winning the Bundesliga with the club in 1998, Brehme ended his playing career as a footballer after having played 301 matches.

International career
As a member of the (West) Germany national team, Brehme took part at UEFA Euro 1984, the 1984 Summer Olympics, the 1986 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 1988, the 1990 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 1992, and the 1994 World Cup; he was named in the team of the tournament at Euro 84, and helped Germany to the semi-finals of Euro 88, on home soil, scoring a goal in the nation's 1–1 opening draw against Italy. At Euro 1992, he won a runners-up medal, as Germany lost out 2–0 to Denmark in the final; he was once again named to the team of the tournament. Brehme won a runners-up medal at the 1986 FIFA World Cup, as Germany lost the final to Argentina, yet he won the World Cup in 1990 against the same opponents, later being named to the competition's All-star team. In the 1986 World Cup semi-final he scored a deflected free-kick against France, and in the 1990 semi-final he also scored a free-kick goal against England, which also took a deflection off of English defender Paul Parker, however. In the 1990 edition of the tournament, en route to the final, he also previously set up Klinsmann's headed goal in Germany's opening 4–1 against Yugoslavia, and scored the second goal against the Netherlands with a right-footed curler in the second round. In the 1990 World Cup final, a 1–0 victory over Argentina, he scored the goal, a penalty kick with his right foot. The only other penalty kick, taken in open play for Germany, was against England in a 1986 World Cup warm-up match in Mexico. Brehme scored in the victorious penalty-shootout against Mexico in the 1986 World Cup quarter-finals with his left foot, while he scored his nation's first spot-kick in the penalty shoot-out victory against England in the 1990 World Cup semi-finals with his right foot. Brehme's last of his 86 caps for the national team came during the 1994 FIFA World Cup, which ended with a disappointing quarter-final exit for his team after a loss against Bulgaria.

Managerial career
After retiring from football, Brehme went on to become a coach. He managed his former club 1. FC Kaiserslautern from 2000 to 2002. He then managed 2. Bundesliga side SpVgg Unterhaching. He was then assistant coach alongside Giovanni Trapattoni at VfB Stuttgart, but both were sacked after only a few months at the club.

Style of play
An efficient attacking full-back or wing-back, Brehme was regarded as one of the best left-backs of his generation; although he was usually deployed on the left side of his team's defensive line, he was a highly versatile player, who was capable of playing anywhere along the flank, on either side of the pitch, and could also play in a more offensive role. He was also used in the centre of the pitch on occasion, as a defensive midfielder. Although he was not particularly quick, he was known for his excellent technical ability, stamina, defensive skills, anticipation, and tactical intelligence, as well as his ability to make attacking runs, which enabled him to cover the flank effectively and contribute at both ends of the pitch.

A set-piece specialist, Brehme is considered to be one of the greatest free-kick takers and crossers of all time, and was known for his ability to strike the ball with power and swerve. However, Brehme's most distinctive skill was that he was one of the few players in the world who was genuinely ambidextrous, and could play with both feet equally well, making him very valuable as an outfield player; his ability with either foot led his national team manager Franz Beckenbauer to state: "I have known Andy for 20 years and I still don't know if he is right or left-footed". He was well known for taking penalties (although not exclusively) with his right foot and taking free kicks and corners with his left foot; this made him quite an unpredictable player to read during matches. Although he was reportedly naturally left-footed, it is believed that Brehme felt that his right foot was actually more accurate than his left, but that he had a more powerful shot with his "weaker" left foot. This was shown when, in the 1990 World Cup final, Brehme took the spot kick that won West Germany the trophy, with his right foot, but four years earlier, Brehme scored in the 1986 World Cup quarter-final penalty shootout against Mexico with a left foot piledriver. In addition to his abilities as a footballer, Brehme was highly regarded for his strength of character and composure under pressure, as well as for having the tendency to score "clutch" goals for his team in important games, as demonstrated by his ability to score decisive penalties in World Cup knockout matches, which led him to be considered a "big game player" in the media.

Although he was known to be tenacious player, he also stood out for his professionalism throughout his career, both on and off the pitch. Lothar Matthäus described Brehme as the best player he played with.

Death
Brehme died from a cardiac arrest on 20 February 2024 at the age of 63.

Career statistics
Source:

International

 * Scores and results list Germany's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Brehme goal.

Honours
1. FC Kaiserslautern
 * Bundesliga: 1997–98
 * 2. Bundesliga: 1996–97
 * DFB-Pokal: 1995–96
 * DFL-Supercup: runner-up 1996

Bayern Munich
 * Bundesliga: 1986–87
 * European Cup: runner-up 1986–87
 * DFL-Supercup: 1987

Inter Milan
 * Serie A: 1988–89
 * Supercoppa Italiana: 1989
 * UEFA Cup: 1990–91

Real Zaragoza
 * Copa del Rey: runner-up 1992–93

Germany
 * FIFA World Cup: 1990; runner-up 1986
 * UEFA Euro: runner-up 1992

Individual
 * FIFA World Cup All-Star Team: 1990
 * UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament: 1984, 1992
 * kicker Bundesliga Team of the Season: 1985–86
 * Guerin d'Oro (Serie A Footballer of the Year): 1989
 * Pirata d'Oro (Internazionale Player of the Year): 1989
 * Ballon d'Or – Third place: 1990

title: Andreas Brehme


text:
Talk:Nightmares Made Flesh

Reversion of recent edits
I figured I'd put this here as there is more space than the edit summary gives, and so any points can be discussed.

 * Restored the wikilink for Bloodbath in the infobox, most infoboxes have a wikilink for the band in them (see Template:Infobox album).
 * Removed the piped link to 2004 in music, according to WP:ALBUM.
 * Kept the line break in the lead, that does look better.
 * Restored individual song writing credits, why not be more specific here? Writing credits taken from allmusic, which is a reliable source.
 * Removed the tracklist template. First off, if we're going to have one tracklist template, might as well put the whole tracklist in the template, not just 2 songs. Second, I'm not sure why the bonus tracks need their own tracklist, they look fine as part of the main tracklist (the small notes beside the songs explains what release they belong to). Third, why should that separate tracklist be collapsed? Template:Track listing says the "collapse" parameter is "Useful for very long lists or pages with several lists", and I don't think this page falls under either category.
 * Edited to add: Put tracklist into tracklist template.
 * Removed the ref to freecovers.net, I doubt that's considered a reliable source. The CD booklet itself is considered a reliable source (at least, as far as I've been able to determine), but for the information given in the Personnel section, I don't think an explicit citation is needed (unless the information given is potentially contentious).
 * Restored the wikilinks to various instruments and musicians. I'm not sure why these were removed (and why some were removed while others were kept), WP:ALBUM states that both should be wikilinked if there are articles about these subjects.
 * Kept a couple of the wordings of instruments (lead vocals, backing vocals) and musician credits per the album credits. Removed various subsections in the Personnel section (the person mastering the album is not a "guest"), added production info.

Hopefully that helps to explain my reversions. If anyone wants to discuss anything, let's bring it up here. MrMoustacheMM (talk) 23:11, 27 December 2010 (UTC)

 * Further reversion explanation: The producers, engineers, masterers, etc, are not guests; there is only one guest, and he is mentioned to be so. Kept wikilink to lead guitar. Restored wording from album credits regarding production/engineering. Removed "US" from cover art credit (I have a European version of this album with his artwork, for example). Minor change in artwork credit. Edited to add: Restored album credits according to allmusic, added in the tracklist for those credits. MrMoustacheMM (talk) 06:45, 8 January 2011 (UTC)

credits
actually my only problem with typing here is that I get no response so I figure typing directly to people is a better response. so the "actual" liner notes in an album is not a reliable source? M4pnt (talk) 09:33, 8 January 2011 (UTC)
 * It is always better to start discussion here than on individual user talk pages. The liner notes are a reliable source, however it is unnecessary to link to a scan of the booklet (as well as being against Wikipedia guidelines, as it is most likely a non-free copyrighted image, which WP:COPYLINK says should not be linked to). If you really want, WP:ALBUM says a comment like  can be used to state that you obtained the information from the liner notes (which doesn't need an explicit citation). However, if we can also find another reliable source with more accurate information (as I have, from Allmusic), we can use that information too. In this case, Allmusic has more specific writing credits, so there's no reason we shouldn't use those. MrMoustacheMM (talk) 19:27, 8 January 2011 (UTC)
 * The offical bloodbath website also states that the album was written by the band (not individually) themselves so I have 2 sources. What now. M4pnt (talk) 06:44, 14 January 2011 (UTC)
 * The official Bloodbath site isn't really a reliable source, as it isn't a secondary source that is independent of the subject matter. Again, there's nothing wrong with including more specific writing information, especially when it definitely comes from an independent secondary source. I have to ask, why do you want to remove the specific writing credits? What's wrong with them? MrMoustacheMM (talk) 00:56, 15 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm very puzzled as to how the official bloodbath website is not reliable either. We have 2 sources over one. The booklet and website written from the band themselves states who wrote what over some editor on Allmusic. Why would rely on the editor over the band?. I just want to change the credit because it's what the band wrote and that's all. M4pnt (talk) 04:08, 17 January 2011 (UTC)
 * As I explained, "it isn't a secondary source that is independent of the subject matter". We would rely on Allmusic over the band as it is a secondary source that is independent of the subject matter (ie. it isn't directly from the band). This (along with other criteria) makes it a reliable source. The list of songwriters on Allmusic is probably taken from a list of official publication rights (from a publication company).
 * I highly recommend that you read WP:RS and familiarize yourself with what is and is not a reliable source. This will help you to understand why information from Allmusic is generally considered better than a band's own website. MrMoustacheMM (talk) 19:42, 17 January 2011 (UTC)
 * It is from the band themselves, what do you mean? I don't know why you keep fighting this and btw Allmusic is not really that realiable, they've been wrong plenty of times. M4pnt (talk) 05:33, 18 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Again, READ WP:RS, and understand that "from the band themselves" is NOT CONSIDERED A RELIABLE SOURCE. For the THIRD TIME, the band's site is not reliable because "it isn't a secondary source that is independent of the subject matter". The band's site is a PRIMARY source, and it is most certainly NOT independent. Allmusic is considered a reliable source, it has been brought up a number of times on the reliable sources noticeboard, and has been accepted as a reliable source (see Allmusic on the RSN). See your talk page. MrMoustacheMM (talk) 18:43, 18 January 2011 (UTC)

Wiki policies don't make sense. "the band" is the most reliable source. Allmusic is terrible. M4pnt (talk) 21:17, 18 January 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nightmares Made Flesh


text:
Value added

Value added is a term in financial economics for calculating the difference between market value of a product or service, and the sum value of its constituents. It is relatively expressed to the supply-demand curve for specific units of sale. It represents a market equilibrium view of production economics and financial analysis. Value added is distinguished from the accounting term added value which measures only the financial profits earned upon transformational processes for specific items of sale that are available on the market.

In business, total value added is calculated by tabulating the unit value added (measured by summing unit profit — the difference between sale price and production cost, unit depreciation cost, and unit labor cost) per each unit sold. Thus, total value added is equivalent to revenue minus intermediate consumption. Value added is a higher portion of revenue for integrated companies (e.g. manufacturing companies) and a lower portion of revenue for less integrated companies (e.g. retail companies); total value added is very nearly approximated by compensation of employees, which represents a return to labor, plus earnings before taxes, representative of a return to capital.

Definition
In microeconomics, value added may be defined as the market value of aggregate output of a transformation process, minus the market value of aggregate input (or aggregate inputs) of a transformation process. One may describe value added with the help of Ulbo de Sitter's design theory for production synergies. He divides transformation processes into two categories, parts and aspects. Parts can be compared to timeline stages, such as first preparing the dish, then washing it, then drying it. Aspects are equated with area specialization, for example that someone takes care of the part of the counter that consists of glass, another takes care of the part that consists of plates, a third takes care of cutlery. An important part of understanding value added is therefore to examine delimitations.

In macroeconomics, the term refers to the contribution of the factors of production (i.e. capital and labor) to raise the value of the product and increase the income of those who own the said factors. Therefore, the national value added is shared between capital and labor.

Outside of business and economics, value added refers to the economic enhancement that a company gives its products or services prior to offering them to the consumer, which justifies why companies are able to sell products for more than they cost the company to produce. Additionally, this enhancement also helps distinguish the company's products from those of its competitors.

National accounts
The factors of production provide "services" which raise the unit price of a product (X) relative to the cost per unit of intermediate goods used up in the production of X.

In national accounts, such as the United Nations System of National Accounts (UNSNA) or the United States National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), gross value added is obtained by deducting intermediate consumption from gross output. Thus gross value added is equal to net output. Net value added is obtained by deducting consumption of fixed capital (or depreciation charges) from gross value added. Net value added therefore equals gross wages, pre-tax profits net of depreciation, and indirect taxes less subsidies.

Value added tax
Value-added tax (VAT) is a tax on sales. It is assessed incrementally on a product or service at each stage of production and is intended to tax the value that is added by that production stage, as outlined above by unit value added.

title: Value added


text:
List of World War II prisoner-of-war camps in Canada

There were 40 known prisoner-of-war camps across Canada during World War II, although this number also includes internment camps that held Canadians of German and Japanese descent. Several reliable sources indicate that there were only 25 or 26 camps holding exclusively prisoners from foreign countries, nearly all from Germany.

The camps were identified by letters at first, then by numbers. In addition to the main camps there were branch camps and labour camps. The prisoners were given various tasks; many worked in the forests as logging crews or on nearby farms; they were paid a nominal amount for their labour. Approximately 11,000 were thus employed by 1945.

The largest number of military prisoners of war was recorded as 33,798 by several sources. In addition to POWs, some civilian internees were held in the camps and some estimates include such prisoners.

All POWs were protected by the conditions of the Geneva Convention. There are claims that conditions in the Canadian camps tended to be better than average, and many times better than the conditions of the barracks that Canadian troops were kept in. They were guarded by the Veterans Guard of Canada, mostly men who had been soldiers during WW I. It is believed by some that the lenient treatment foiled many escape attempts before they even started. It is told that a group of German prisoners returned to Ozada camp after escaping because of encountering a grizzly bear. Starting in 1945, all POWs were released and returned to their home countries. None were allowed to remain in Canada, but some later returned as immigrants.


text: User talk:82.52.107.207

title: User talk:82.52.107.207


text:
Talk:Interstate 294

Untitled comments
Proposed interchange on I-294 and I-57?

In 1999, authorities had a proposal of building an interchange on Interstate 294. do explain please...

 * Should be addressed. ---Rob 18:10, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

The northern end of Interstate 294 is IN Deerfield, not Northbrook. Someone should correct. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.26.30.5 (talk) 05:46, 19 June 2018 (UTC)

Merge or not?
Should we merge this article with Tri-State Tollway; or keep it as a seperate page. I'm weakly opposing on merge because it has its own history to keep as a seperate page.-- Freewayguy Call? Fish 20:06, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Interstate 294
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Interstate 294's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "tollwaymap": From Jane Addams Memorial Tollway: Illinois State Toll Highway Authority, System Map, November 2007 From Tri-State Tollway:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 22:31, 21 October 2008 (UTC)
 * ✅ Orphan refs fixed. BryanG (talk) 22:25, 23 January 2009 (UTC)

Berkeley
I-294 does not hit US 20 in Berkeley. I think rather that it's Northlake. Someone should correct that. 99.56.13.119 (talk) 19:42, 7 January 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Interstate 294. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130522140623/http://www.illinoistollway.com/documents/10157/15883/Fact%20Sheets.pdf to http://www.illinoistollway.com/documents/10157/15883/Fact%20Sheets.pdf

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 06:21, 12 April 2017 (UTC)

New Route Description
Yes, there is a expanded route description, however, there are no references. Without any refereneces, it won't count as expansion. Thanks to @Imzadi1979 for corrections.

Cilabsuhsk (talk) 03:14, 22 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Interstate 294


text:
Pirate radio in the Middle East

Israel (from territorial waters)
All of the offshore stations broadcasting to Israel were operating from within Israeli territorial waters under a strange arrangement that attempted to prevent intrusion by terrorists on the one hand, while turning a blind eye to the illegality of the offshore broadcasting operations taking place on board the anchored ships.

 * 1973
 * Voice of Peace in Hebrew, Arabic and English aboard the MV Peace - created with the aim of promoting peace in the Middle East. The station was generally tolerated by the Israeli Government and it was intentionally sunk in international waters on November 28, 1993, following the signing of the Oslo Peace Accords which it was thought was validation of its mission.

 * 1981
 * TV Odelia transmitting from the ship MV Odelia - anchored off the coast of Tel Aviv.

 * 1988
 * Arutz Sheva in Hebrew, English and other languages from the MV Hatzvi at anchorage off the coast of Tel Aviv.

 * 1991
 * Radio One broadcasting from the MV Air anchored off Haifa. The station was eventually given a license in 1995 to broadcast from within Israel.

 * 1993
 * Radio Hof aboard the MV Hof.

 * 1995
 * Radio Dan aboard the MV Kajun, anchored off the coast of Tel Aviv.

Israel (land based)
A number of pirate radio stations operated within Israel on the FM band in the mid 1990s. These included:

In Tel Aviv area
 * Radio Active
 * Radio Center
 * Radio Gal
 * Radio Kol Ha'ir

Other regions
 * Radio Briza, in Haifa area
 * Radio Ramat Gan, Ramat Gan
 * Kol Ha Mizrah, Northern Israel and Jerusalem.

title: Pirate radio in the Middle East


text:
User talk:Nevalalee

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

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Please help
Hello Nevalalee, I created an article about this mixtape which has significant independent coverage in reliable sources but while I was blocked by Admin, an editor redirected the page with edit summary that it fails WP:NALBUMS meanwhile there were references from media newspapers which I provided along with a review. Please can you kindly look into this, I want to know what you think. Thanks. Stanleytux (talk) 22:50, 22 February 2014 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nevalalee


text:
User talk:TACD

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

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Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Image Tagging Image:Social network.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Social network.png. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Image Tagging Image:Social networking.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Social networking.png. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL-self to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Dethomas 02:50, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:TACD


text:
User talk:Thialfi

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

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P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Thanks. Thialfi 21:47, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Garmarna2002.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:Hedningarna.jpg
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Replaceable fair use Image:Gjallarhorn2005black.jpg
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Thanks ...
Hi, thanks for starting the English version of the article on Tarja Kallio-Tamminen. However did you really have to delete so much of the original (Finnish) content? Regards -- !Amit 17:59, 30 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Other original content is now on the article. --Thialfi 18:06, 30 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah I saw it, thank you so much!!! -- Amit 18:07, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

CFD Category:Anti-creationism
You have either edited Category:Anti-creationism or contributed to the previous discussion about its encyclopedic value.

This a courtesy notice that it has again be nominated for a deletion discussion.--ZayZayEM 02:42, 1 September 2007 (UTC)

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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Ranarop.jpg
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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Thialfi


text:
Talk:Pirate radio in the Middle East

This is the expansion page from the main topic called Pirate Radio. It was created due to space limitations on the original page. MPLX/MH 21:44, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pirate radio in the Middle East


text:
Talk:Pietro Paolo Floriani

Untitled
Is this real? Perhaps this should be put up on vfd as non-notable

No idea if this is real or not, the dates don't match up to his life compared to when he's alleged to have written his treatise. There's also some controversy about the bridge sentance after the note ofhis death. Anyway, I just reverted it from a ludicrous spam edit.

title: Talk:Pietro Paolo Floriani