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Talk:Sun protection factor

The sun protection factor is a property of sunscreens

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Sun protection factor


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Talk:Paul Ehrlich

Jewish
This Man was a Jewish Boy. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.197.108.82 (talk) 21:44, 7 April 2011 (UTC)

And Jewish to his last day. פשוט pashute ♫ (talk) 01:55, 4 January 2021 (UTC)

Word
The word even makes absolutely no sense (Line one of the Life section) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.213.125.244 (talk • contribs) 19 November 2005

This page needs to be moved, and replaced with a disambig. There are 3 very well-known Paul Ehrlich's with the ecologist probably having the widest name recognition today.

 * Paul R. Ehrlich the ecologist
 * Paul Ehrlich nobelist in medicine
 * Paul Ehrlich (surgeon general) the U.S. Surgeon General 1973-1977

Wolfman 02:21, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Absolutely there should be a disambig. Anybody know how to do this -- does it require a shard of Jimbo's cockring or something?  For some reason, Paul Erlich also redirects here. beefman (talk) 00:36, 27 February 2009 (UTC)

 * That would be fine; there is already a disambiguation page @ Ehrlich. Perhaps the generic "Paul Ehrlich" could redirect to that page, with all the same named folks in a well marked subsection.

Courtland 23:12, 2005 Mar 28 (UTC)

It's appears to me as some kind of nationalism that the "minors" (i.e. #1&3) have much more detailed CVs on Wiki than the important one. Apparently this is a kind of general rule (and is, for good reason, an argument against the quality of Wiki in general). Did (e.g.) any surgeon general ever won a Nobel prize?

BTW: there -is- an article about Metschnikov (although short) even in the anglosaxon Wiki. Please repair the link. (german globalist) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.136.131.1 (talk • contribs) 12:24, 9 October 2005

 * No, we've just been waiting for you to fill it in - so the lack of coverage is really your fault! Stan 21:40, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

Monoclonal Antibodies were not 'invented'... correct? Wedgeoli 23:50, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

geneology
Having recently been told I am a grand (times a few) nephew of Dr Ehrlich, I am curious to know if there is a family tree available for him. Several google searches have found nothing. Bstone 02:47, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

Why all the hype?
Salvarsan did not even work at curing syphilis so why give credit to Paul Ehrlich for developing a drug that did not work(and actually he did not even discover salvarsan his student did). Also saying that the discovery of salvarsan stimulated research into other drugs is incorrect. Alot of doctors and chemists were already stimulated to finding new drugs for treating disease well before salvarsan was invented. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.186.6.240 (talk) 05:36, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

 * One, Salvarsan did work, not universally but it was a much-sought after cure in its time, two, he worked with his student to create Salvarsan, and the majority of work and research that led to its creation was done by Ehrlich, three, his work with staining and particularly Salvarsan paved the way for the rest of selective staining of microbes. 69.120.4.173 (talk) 19:19, 11 May 2008 (UTC)

The film 'The Magic Bullet' (1945) credits Ehrlich's wife with the serendipitous event of lighting the wood burning stove, on which the stained slides were resting and drying. It was this act of kindness (to warm Ehrlich's shed, as Ehrlich was coughing badly(unknowingly having contracted TB)which melted the waxy Mycobacterial coat and allowed the dye to adhere to the Mycobacterial wall causing staining to be successful. Koch then shook the youthful hand of Ehrlich, as Koch had spent most of his life trying to staining the TB bacterium but with no success. The film states that Ehrlich sprang to fame through the one act. There are many examples of advances in scientific knowledge having come about by serendipity from: MacConkey agar being made by Southern Group Laboratories without salt, so inhibiting Proteus growth (the last line on the page of agar contents, had been worn away, so it was not transcribed into the new version (the salt was omitted accidentally);to - Helicobacter was successfully finally grown from stomach biopsies, only because of the Easter Bank holiday enabling the then standard 24 hour bacterial culture to be extended from Thursday to the Tuesday i.e a 5 day incubation period, winning Dr Warren and Dr Marshall a Nobel prize; to having chosen 30'C which revealed Staphylococcus aureus resistance to methicillin, which was not revealed at 37'C in the case of Dr M P Jevons of Beecham Research Laboratories in 1960.Zelenyj (talk) 23:35, 4 January 2017 (UTC)

missing information: "The Population Bomb" etc
The article says nothing about what Ehrlich is most known for on issues of population control and The Population Time Bomb etc... he has written some newer books also... I mgiht even insert a banner int he article as im not impressed with this lack of and missing information. Please help improve it! 08:34, 7 September 2008 (UTC)

 * Wrong One. Paul R. Ehrlich Dingsuntil (talk) 16:06, 23 February 2015 (UTC)

Ehrlich
This guy must have got jobs very easily.
 * "Sind Sie ehrlich?"
 * "Aber natürlich..." 195.197.240.134 (talk) 07:25, 12 September 2008 :)

Somebody please explain the rationale for redirecting Paul Erlich to this page
This outta be good... beefman (talk) 09:20, 22 February 2009 (UTC)

salvarsan did not cure syphilis
I added that salvarsan was not effective at curing syphilis as stated in the Tuskegee syphilis experiment article. There is no evidence that salvarsan actually worked on anyone and no sources are given. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.115.141.241 (talk) 23:34, 17 January 2010 (UTC)

salvarsan
Salvarsan was the first drug developed to treat a micro infectious disease, it wasn't a cure for syphilis. Alexander Fleming developed the cure for syphilis - penicillin. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.60.37.2 (talk) 20:07, 25 January 2011 (UTC)

Chemotherapy?
You know, it's probably wise to either remove or qualify the bit about "chemotherapy". When Ehrlich coined the term he defined it as "therapy with chemicals to cure disease". He wasn't thinking about cancer, which is of course what "chemotherapy" has come to mean today.

The way the article reads at the moment. Someone might assume that Ehrlich was in fact the first person to start fighting cancer. NickCT (talk) 13:32, 31 May 2012 (UTC)

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Requested move 4 May 2018

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: no consensus to move the pages at this time, per the discussion below. Hatnotes to Paul Ehrlich (disambiguation) are currently in use to distinguish these figures, but it seems that more specific hatnotes could be useful given this discussion. Dekimasu よ! 02:24, 11 May 2018 (UTC)

– Two confusable individuals should not be distinguished only by a middle initial that is not commonly used in sources. Unfortunately, both men have a claim to the "biologist" disambiguator, and using "medical doctor" as a dismabiguator for the older Ehrlich would make him potentially confusable with S. Paul Ehrlich Jr. Disambiguating by birth year is also possible, but would be as unwieldy as it always is. The proposed disambiguation terms are not perfect either, but the elder Ehrlich is indeed known for work in immunology, and the younger for work in population science. There is unfortunately not a compact term for the latter field. 50.248.234.77 (talk) 03:59, 4 May 2018 (UTC) -->
 * Paul Ehrlich → Paul Ehrlich (immunologist)
 * Paul R. Ehrlich → Paul Ehrlich (population scientist)
 * Oppose, the present Nobel-prize winning Paul Ehrlich is the more notable one. Also, we have WP:NATURALDIS working here. As the OP mentions, parenthetical disambiguation is difficult here, so why change what we have now? —Kusma (t·c) 10:02, 4 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose, Paul Ehrlich is more notable, because he is Nobel laureate. So I prefer Paul Ehrlich without disambiguator and Paul Ehrlich (population scientist), like Gerd Müller and Gerd Müller (politician). Grimes2 (talk) 15:31, 4 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Support Changed my mind. Both individuals are comparable notable and have a comparable number of pageviews. Grimes2 (talk) 08:44, 7 May 2018 (UTC)

 * Oppose. The population quack is vastly more notable with |Paul_R._Ehrlich 40 times more pageviews. Nine Zulu queens (talk) 18:54, 4 May 2018 (UTC)
 * There is a diffence between Paul Erlich and Paul Ehrlich. (A hint: the h) Grimes2 (talk) 19:17, 4 May 2018 (UTC)
 * |Paul_R._Ehrlich pageviews Paul Ehrlich vs. Paul R. Ehrlich Grimes2 (talk) 08:03, 7 May 2018 (UTC)
 * How is this comment relevant to the proposal? -- Necrothesp (talk) 13:43, 9 May 2018 (UTC)
 * "Other encyclopedias are among the sources that may be helpful in deciding what titles are in an encyclopedic register, as well as what names are most frequently used," per WP:AT. For the medical researcher, see here and here. For the population guy, see here and here. Nine Zulu queens (talk) 13:09, 10 May 2018 (UTC)

 * Support – Disambiguation by middle initial is feeble, and the primarytopic for Paul Ehrlich is not the obscure old Nobel Prize winner, but rather the famous population bomb guy, if anyone. Dicklyon (talk) 05:56, 7 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose. The proper and compact term for "population science" is demography; but Ehrlich has no expertise nor credibility a demographer -- just as a demagogue.  Ehrlich may write about population, but he can hardly be called a population scientist.  Science involves acknowledging your errors and promulgating the correct information once it has been determined.  The scientific consensus is that world population will start falling from natural causes (unrelated to anti-population activism), likely before 2100 (see Population); all developed countries' populations are already falling today except for in-migration.  Ehrlich continues to insist that he was right in predicting things like widespread famine and the extinction of England "but he just got his timing wrong", or that "it was because of such warnings" that the his predicted disasters did not occur.  He has no evidence of such causality.  His actual scientific expertise is in the biology of butterflies; his writings about population are activism that is not based in science, but in emotion.  I would only support renaming the page to "Paul Ehrlich (demagogue)".  Gnuish (talk) 22:21, 7 May 2018 (UTC)
 * I'm open to alternative suggestions about the exact terms that should be used; my main concern is that the current disambiguation scheme doesn't really disambiguate these two men. I understand feeling strongly about the moral dimension of the latter Ehrlich's views, but article titles do have to be as neutral as possible. 50.248.234.77 (talk) 23:22, 7 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Given he holds a named chair of population studies at a highly reputable university, I don't really think your comment conforms to WP:NPOV! -- Necrothesp (talk) 13:43, 9 May 2018 (UTC)

 * Support per WP:MIDDLENAME. -- Necrothesp (talk) 13:43, 9 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose. The population scientist's pen name is Paul R. Ehrlich, as evidenced by the front covers of his books. At the time of Paul R. Ehrlich's birth, the name of the Nobel laureate, who died in 1915, was world renowned and was even part of the title of an Academy Award-nominated film, Dr. Ehrlich's Magic Bullet. Thus, the middle initial has been a self-chosen distinguishing factor.   Roman Spinner (talk • contribs) 22:23, 10 May 2018 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Wife Hedwig Pinkus
It's disappointing that there is not even one sentence that his wife (and kids) had to flee from NAZI-germany, was expropriated and died 1948 in New York City.

title: Talk:Paul Ehrlich


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High five

The high five is a hand gesture whereby two people simultaneously raise one hand and slap the flat of their palm against the other. The gesture is often preceded verbally by a phrase like "Give me five", "High five", or "Up top". Its meaning varies with the context of use but can include as a greeting, congratulations, or celebration.

There are many origin stories of the high five, but the first and two most documented candidates are Dusty Baker and Glenn Burke of the Los Angeles Dodgers professional baseball team on October 2, 1977, and Wiley Brown and Derek Smith of the Louisville Cardinals men's college basketball team during the 1978–1979 season.

Origin
The use of the phrase as a noun has been part of the Oxford English Dictionary since 1980 and as a verb since 1981. The phrase is related to the slang "give me five" which is a request for some form of handshake – variations include "slap me five", "slip me five", "give me (some) skin" – with "five" referring to the number of fingers on a hand. The "high five" originated from the "low five", which has been a part of African-American culture since the 1920s. The exact transition from a low five to a high is unknown, though many theories exist about its inception. Magic Johnson once suggested that he invented the high five at Michigan State, presumably in the late 1970s. Others have suggested it originated in the women's volleyball circuit of the 1960s.

Glenn Burke and Dusty Baker
For decades, the "conventional wisdom" has been that the origin of the high five occurred between Dusty Baker and Glenn Burke of the Los Angeles Dodgers at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977, the last day of the regular season. In the sixth inning, Dusty Baker hit a home run off Houston Astros pitcher J. R. Richard. It was Baker's 30th home run, making the Dodgers the first team in history to have four hitters with at least 30 home runs each in a single season. As journalist Jon Mooallem tells the story:

"It was a wild, triumphant moment and a good omen as the Dodgers headed to the playoffs. Burke, waiting on deck, thrust his hand enthusiastically over his head to greet his friend at the plate. Baker, not knowing what to do, smacked it. 'His hand was up in the air, and he was arching way back,' says Baker ... 'So I reached up and hit his hand. It seemed like the thing to do.'"

This story regarding the origin of the high five can be found in the written news as early as September 1982 and is featured in the ESPN 30 for 30 film The High Five directed by Michael Jacobs. After retiring from baseball, Burke, who was one of the first openly gay professional athletes, used the high five with other gay residents of the Castro district of San Francisco, where for many it became a symbol of gay pride and identification.

Louisville Cardinals
Another origin story, first reported in 1980, places it at a University of Louisville Cardinals basketball practice during the 1978–1979 season. Forward Wiley Brown went to give a low five to his teammate Derek Smith, but suddenly Smith looked Brown in the eye and said, "No. Up high." Brown thought, "Yeah, why are we staying down low? We jump so high," raised his hand and the high five was supposedly born. High fives can be seen in highlight reels of the 1978–1979 Louisville team. During a telecast of a 1980 game, announcer Al McGuire shouted: "Mr. Brown came to play! And they're giving him the high-five handshake. High five!"

Magic Johnson
Magic Johnson claims that he invented the high five. He provides no date or location for invention, only that it was a thing that he and teammate Greg Kelser did on occasion while playing for Michigan State. He did not give it a name, and asserts that Baker–Burke did not invent the high five.

Hoax origin claimed by comedy writers
In a 2007 press release, two comedy writers and founders of the "National High Five Day" claimed that a late 1970s and early '80s basketball player from Murray State University had invented the gesture. They also concocted an elaborate and involved story about this player as a young boy learning the gesture from his father. But in a 2013 ESPN article, the pair admitted that it had been a publicity stunt. Per the article, the two had "scoured college basketball rosters to plug in a name."

Antecedents
Antecedents of the physical gesture of slapping palms together predate the 1970s, when the high five is believed to have been coined. For example, it can be seen in the 1960 French Nouvelle vague movie Breathless.

Conventional wisdom holds that the Tokyo district of Roppongi earned the slogan of "High Touch Town" after residents noticed World War II American soldiers walking the streets giving each other high-fives; when the Japanese asked about the gesture it was mistranslated as hai tatchi or "high touch". This story is possibly apocryphal, as Hiroyuki Usui, a representative of the Roppongi Shopkeepers Promotion Association explains, "There is no deep meaning in 'High Touch Town'. People don't know what it means." The term "high touch town" may have originated before the high five and had a different meaning, or 'high touch' may mean "high class", a play on the town's reputation for nightlife activity among off-duty military personnel.

Variations
In addition to the classic high five several other types of high five exist. If one initiates a high five (or any variation thereof) by offering a hand(s), and no reciprocal hand appears to consummate the gesture, the initiator is said to have been "". This could be interpreted as an insult, friendly joke or form of enlightenment, depending on the context of its use.

Another variation is the "self high five." The action consists of raising one hand, generally the right hand, and tagging it with the other. It was often used by Diamond Dallas Page as part of his persona, such as in his WCW theme song "Self High Five." A variation of this variation was explored by Turkish artist Deniz Ozuygur who built a "Self High-five Machine," which was exhibited in New York City in 2010. It is a robotic arm that spins in circles striking another robotic arm, both of which are rubber casts of Ozuygur's own arms.

A hand grab is when one or both parties grab and hold, sometimes even shaking around the opposing parties hand while still up high. The variation can be used to indicate friendship and/or personal swagger. A two-handed high five is as the name suggests the same as a high five but two handed. A back end is when a normal high is followed through by swinging the arms around to slap together down low. Some will pass through a gauntlet while giving two hand high fives through a line of people.

Too slow
The "too slow" variation is a sequence of high five and low five, often accompanied by a rhyme such as "Up High. Down Low ..." During the down low sequence, the initiator will surprise the counter-party by pulling their hand back at the last moment, tricking the other person into swiping at empty air, completing the rhyme with "Too slow!" There are variations on this theme, with additions of "to the side" and other hand positions for the partner to contact the initiator's hand.

The origin of the too slow variation has not been established, but the earliest documented instance is a 1982 news article in the Evansville Courier & Press. A robot named Fubar interacted with customers: "'Gimme three brother' he tells a shopper as he extends a golden hand with that many fingers. Then with a rapid-fire retort he confuses the greeter with "Take It back! Up high! Down low! Too slow!" Other notable sources have made reference to it; for example a 1983 journal is quoted as saying, "Whether we hammer, or hoe, whoop or holler, as they say, slap five up high, down low, you're too slow, we do it with the rhythmic motif that leads to harmony." The title song for Lay on Five, a BBC children's television programme broadcast in 1985–86 featuring Floella Benjamin, ended "..too slow to Lay on Five." The too slow variation is in the 1987 film The Principal in a scene where Principal Rick Latimer (James Belushi) does it to Arturo Diego (Jacob Vargas). In the New York Times archives, the earliest reference is from 1993 when Arnold Schwarzenegger did it with the son of a film-crew member while on the set of Last Action Hero, saying: "Let's have five. Five high. Five low," at which point Schwarzenegger pulled his hand away saying "Too slow." The boy reportedly laughed. Schwarzenegger did it originally in the 1991 film Terminator 2: Judgment Day, when John Connor (Edward Furlong) teaches the Terminator (Schwarzenegger) to "Gimme five. Up high, down low, too slow." In 2008, They Might Be Giants released the song "High Five!" on an album for children titled Here Come the 123s, with lyrics "High five! Low five! Slap me five! Down low! Too slow!," a gesture described in the song as "old school" a slang term usually meaning something from a prior generation.

The rhyme bears a striking resemblance to a very old work song, possibly medieval, used by blacksmiths to teach apprentices how to best operate a bellows in a way that maximized its efficiency by opening it fully and quickly, while closing it slowly. The didactic rhyme is "Up high. Down low. Up quick. Down slow; And that's the way to blow."

Air five
An air five is a variation where the hands of the participants never actually touch, needing only line of sight to make the gesture. It has an advantage for participants who are otherwise too far apart to achieve physical contact at the moment of the gesture. The participants may simply pretend to high five, or add an imitation sound of hand slapping. Also known as the wi-five, a mix of "wireless" and "high five" with a pun on Wi-Fi, a wireless computer technology.

Celebrations
National High Five Day is a project to give out high fives and is typically held on the third Thursday in April. According to the National High Five Project, the event began in 2002 at the University of Virginia after a group of students set up a booth and gave out high-fives and lemonade. The project has held events where participants take part in a "high-five-a-thon" to raise funds for charity.

Human health
A 2014 medical study found that fist bumps and high fives spread fewer germs than handshakes.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the high-five was "singled out, stigmatized and fraught with anxiety", being replaced by gestures such as knocking elbows, tapping forearms, or clicking cleats. For example, college conferences banned the high-five; the Yankees informally resolved to bump elbows instead of slapping hands; the Minnesota Twins banned physical contact with fans. Outside of sports, individuals reported avoiding the high-five in their daily lives. Dusty Baker, the presumed originator of the gesture, advocated for contactless high-fives.

title: High five


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User talk:Wolfry

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User talk:Sstoneb

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title: User talk:Sstoneb


text:
George Markstein

George Markstein (29 August 1926 – 15 January 1987) was a British journalist and writer of thrillers and teleplays. He was the script editor of the British series The Prisoner for the first thirteen episodes, and appeared briefly in its title sequence. Markstein also wrote for or story-edited other television series, specialising in espionage stories, and jointly ran a successful literary agency for screenwriters.

Life and work
In 1926, according to his friend Sidney Allinson, writing in "George Markstein and The Prisoner", Markstein was born in Berlin, Germany, but emigrated with his Jewish family to England with the rise of Nazism. It is likely that he lived in the United States during his youth, then moved to Britain. Markstein worked as a newspaper reporter for the Southport Guardian of Southport England in 1947.

Markstein later became a journalist for the American military tabloid, the Overseas Weekly. Due to its scandal-driven content, the paper's U.S. G.I. readership referred to the paper as the Over Sexed Weekly. The masthead of the newspaper lists Markstein as head of the London desk.

He moved into television, first on the factual series This Week, before acting as story consultant and contributing to multiple episodes of ITC's Court Martial (1966), and then joining Danger Man as story consultant for the last black-and-white episode (1966), then story editor for the two episodes which were made in colour (1967). Around this time he also wrote four episodes for Rediffusion's children's drama series Send Foster (1967), and worked on the script for Peter Yates's Robbery (1967), a fictionalised feature film based on the 1963 Great Train Robbery.

The Prisoner
When Patrick McGoohan announced his decision to leave Danger Man, Markstein edited the basic ideas that McGoohan had worked on since 1962 that became The Prisoner series,. Together with producer David Tomblin and the star McGoohan (uncredited), Markstein co-wrote the first story "Arrival," and then settled in as script editor for the series. He later described the job of story editor as "the key man in any series, he is the man in whose hands is the ethos of the series, the spirit of the series, and it is his job to cast the writers and the authors the way a director casts the actors and the stars".

Markstein makes a fleeting appearance at the start of almost every episode of The Prisoner – as the balding, bespectacled 'man behind the desk', to whom McGoohan's character is seen angrily handing his letter of resignation; and played the same, non-speaking character in the episode "Many Happy Returns".

Markstein's view of the series was for a more-or-less conventional action/espionage story. However, since McGoohan controlled the series as Executive Producer and owner of Everyman Films, Markstein became increasingly dissatisfied as an employee and ultimately left the series after the conclusion of the initial block of thirteen episodes. A glimpse of Markstein's face remained in the opening credits, but it was without him that McGoohan took the series to its most surreal and existential levels in the final four episodes, and to its bizarre conclusion.

Later work
After The Prisoner, Markstein joined the new Thames Television, initially as an in-house script editor, then as story editor for the first series of a counter-espionage drama Special Branch (1969); the third and final fourth series of spy drama Callan (1970, 1972); several episodes of Armchair Theatre (1969, 1971); and the first series of The Rivals of Sherlock Holmes (1971). He also acted as producer for the first series of Man at the Top (1970–71), a continuation of the story begun with John Braine's 1957 Room at the Top. Markstein became Thames's Head of Script Development, where he had input into the development of the 1974 Armchair Cinema season made by Thames's film subsidiary Euston Films, including one-off drama Regan and its celebrated successor series The Sweeney.

Markstein again went freelance, and co-wrote the screenplay for The Odessa File (1974), based on the novel by Frederick Forsyth. In the same year, together with Jacqui Lyons, he co-founded the literary agency, Marjacq Scripts Ltd, initially to represent screenwriters, later also thriller writers and computer game authors. The name is a derived from Markstein's surname and Lyon's forename.

In addition to his interests in Marjacq, Markstein also wrote several thrillers, including The Cooler (1974), The Man From Yesterday (1976), Chance Awakening (1977, basis of the screenplay Espion, lève-toi by Yves Boisset), the historical epic Tara Kane (1978), Goering Testament (1978), Traitor for a Cause (1979), Ultimate Issue (1981), Ferret (1983), and Soul Hunters (1987).

He continued to write for television, including working on two series of Shades of Greene (1975–76) for Thames, a series of adaptations of short stories by Graham Greene, for which Markstein acted as script consultant jointly with Greene's brother, former director-general of the BBC, Sir Hugh Greene. Other series he wrote episodes for included Return of the Saint (1978), the pilot (Storyboard: The Traitor) and two further episodes of Mr. Palfrey of Westminster (Thames, 1983, 1984, 1985), and one episode of Philip Marlowe, Private Eye (Thames, 1986). His final television work was as story editor on the six part series London Embassy (Thames, 1987), based on a book of short stories by Paul Theroux about the unusual experiences of an American diplomat based in London.

For the cinema he wrote the initial synopsis for the 1982 SAS embassy-storming film Who Dares Wins, which was then turned into a novel The Tiptoe Boys in thirty days flat by author James Follett and then into a screenplay by screenwriter Reginald Rose. James Follett, who began writing professionally in 1973, has described George Markstein as his "guru", and is still represented by Markstein's company Marjacq.

Following a long illness, Markstein died of kidney failure in 1987.

Novels

 * The Cooler (1974)
 * The Man From Yesterday (1976)
 * Chance Awakening (1977)
 * Tara Kane (1978)
 * The Goering Testament (1978)
 * Traitor for a Cause (1979)
 * Ultimate Issue (1981)
 * Ferret (1983)
 * Soul Hunters (1987)

title: George Markstein


text:
Ghim Moh

Ghim Moh is a neighbourhood located in Queenstown, Singapore. The estate consists of 28 blocks.

Facilities
There were a few schools located within the estate, Ghim Moh Primary School, which has merged with New Town Primary in 2008 and Ghim Moh Secondary School, which has also merged with Jin Tai Secondary School to form Clementi Woods Secondary School since 2007. In addition, Raffles Junior College was located right next to Ghim Moh (Mount Sinai) from 1984 to 2004. The campus is still around and had housed Dunman High School from 2007 to 2008. Up until December 2015, it houses Raffles Girls Primary School as it undergoes upgrading at its previous premises. From 2017 to 2019, it hosted the newly formed Eunoia Junior College.

The Ulu Pandan Community Centre is also located within the estate. Ghim Moh estate also includes a wet market and a food centre. There are also several coffee shops (as locally known, including 'Kopitiam'), salons, dental clinics and medical clinics located within the estate.

It is near to Ministry of Education Headquarters, Fusionopolis, Rochester Park and Biopolis, where many of the life-science businesses are located.

Transport
Its nearest MRT station is Buona Vista station. There are also a number of bus routes that serve Ghim Moh and terminate at the Ghim Moh Bus Terminal. These include routes 92, 92M, 100, 111. Thus, residents find it convenient to travel around the city, particularly to the Orchard, Harbourfront and Central Business District.

Politics
Ghim Moh belongs to the Ulu Pandan division of Holland–Bukit Timah Group Representation Constituency, whose Member of Parliament is Christopher de Souza. Between 2001 and 2006, the Member of Parliament was Minister for Community Development, Youth and Sports Vivian Balakrishnan, who became the Member of Parliament for the Cashew division in 2006. Ulu Pandan existed in its own constituency before 1997 and its Member of Parliament was Minister (Prime Minister's Office) Lim Boon Heng from 1991 to 2001.

title: Ghim Moh


text:
Potter's Field (album)

Potter's Field is the second studio album by the American rock band 12 Stones. It was released on Wind-up Records on August 24, 2004. The album debuted on the Billboard 200 at No. 29, making it the band's highest charting album.

Personnel
12 Stones
 * Paul McCoy – lead and backing vocals
 * Eric Weaver – lead guitar
 * Kevin Dorr – bass guitar
 * Aaron Gainer – drums, percussion
 * Greg Trammell – rhythm guitar

Production
 * Dave Fortman – producer, mixing
 * Jeremy Parker – audio engineering
 * Ovis – additional digital editing
 * Ted Jensen – audio mastering at Sterling Sound, NYC, NY
 * Wes Fontenot – assistant engineer
 * Kelly "Dred" Liebelt – assistant engineer
 * Wilton Wall – assistant engineer
 * Rory Faciane – drum technician

Artwork
 * Ed Sherman – Art direction and design
 * Chapman Baehler – band photography
 * Create Dynamic Graphics – additional photography

Management
 * Kenny Vest – management for K-Vest
 * Gregg Wattenberg – Wind-Up production supervisor
 * Diana Mettzer – A&R
 * Chipper – A&R administration

title: Potter's Field (album)


text:
Helen Mackenzie

Helen Mackenzie may refer to:
 * Helen Mackenzie (swimmer), New Zealand swimmer in 1950s-1960s
 * Helen Carruthers Mackenzie (1859–1945), British educationist and public health campaigner
 * Helen, wife of politician Alexander Mackenzie

title: Helen Mackenzie


text:
S. Paul Ehrlich Jr.

Saul Paul Ehrlich Jr. (May 4, 1932 – January 6, 2005) was an American physician and public health administrator. He served as acting Surgeon General of the United States from 1973 to 1977.

 * Director, Office of International Health, Office of the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare (1969–1977)
 * Chairman of Executive Board, World Health Organization (1972)
 * Acting Surgeon General, United States Public Health Service (1973–77)
 * Former Deputy Director, Pan American Health Organization (1978–1983)
 * Founding member of the World Cultural Council (1981).

title: S. Paul Ehrlich Jr.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/A Calculus of Angels

A Calculus of Angels was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was to keep. Cool Hand Luke  19:43, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)

While I own this book, and read it several years ago, it is not a particularly notable book, and I did not find it all that memorable. The article is merely a substub, and I can not imagine that it has the fan base out there to expand it beyond a stub, if even that.

--Quintucket 02:29, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * The instructions for VfD exist for a reason. Please observe and follow them ;-) Chris 02:49, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Contains no information not already in Age of Unreason. Delete (instead of redirecting) to avoid a circular link and make room for a real article.  I suppose the category should be merged, but this does have problems since the parent is not a novel but a series of novels.  anthony (see warning) 03:15, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Expanded. Now keep. anthony 警告 15:47, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Substub that serves no point besides turning blue an injudicious redlink in the parent article. It's the kind of thing we see with "Bob plays drums with Vanityband#4010."  If you type in the term, you already know what the article tells you. Geogre 16:14, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Article has been significantly expanded since this comment was made. anthony 警告 15:47, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, unless it can be expanded to more than a substub. Right now, it's useless. Nadavspi 00:58, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Article has been significantly expanded since this comment was made. anthony 警告 15:47, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - a real book that will not expand if it is deleted. Mark Richards 01:56, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, I agree with Mark Richards - give it time to grow. Stubs are being destroyed before they have a chance. --ShaunMacPherson 19:38, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * This though, is a rather useless substub which I doubt will ever be expanded, hence I proposed it for deletion. Even stubs are generally  somewhat interesting in my opinion.  However single sentence substubs about individual non-notable science fiction books in a non-exceptional series are not. --Quintucket 20:53, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * It has now been expanded. Shall we remove this VFD? anthony 警告 15:47, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes, my problem was with it being a useless substub. Normal stubs I have no problem with. --Quintucket 23:00, 30 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - --Cyprus2k1 10:36, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Intrigue 16:42, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, with plenty of room to become encyclopedic. I cannot imagine that this fits with the deletion policy in the slightest. An unfortunate abuse of VfD  — siro  χ  o  13:50, Oct 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep Agree with previous speaker Gkhan 14:28, Oct 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep A book more notable than others that have survived VfD.  —Lowellian (talk)   22:46, Oct 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * I'd personally merge and redirect to Age of Unreason until such time as it was big enough to separate out again. But whatever. -- Cyrius|✎ 00:28, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge & Redirect: the Age of Unreason article (which is also a stub!) should be expanded: I don't believe a series of books should be split into separate articles until there is a substantial amount on each book to warrant. I also can't believe a stub with such a long history is still so short: if all this effort had been expended upon the series article it wouldn't still be a stub itself. --Phil | Talk 14:27, Nov 1, 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: File:Pixies Wave of Mutilation.jpg

title: File:Pixies Wave of Mutilation.jpg


text:
Wave of Mutilation: Best of Pixies

Wave of Mutilation: Best of Pixies is a compilation album by Pixies. It was released on May 3, 2004 in the United Kingdom and the following day in the United States alongside a companion DVD featuring a live show, promotional videos and two documentaries. Early batches of the record feature a fault on the track "Hey", where Black Francis' opening shout of "Hey" is missing.

This album replaces 1997's compilation Death to the Pixies in 4AD's catalog, which previously served as the label's "greatest hits" collection for Pixies.

As of 2015, sales in the United States have exceeded 316,000 copies, according to Nielsen SoundScan. In 2006 the album received a diamond certification for 250,000 copies sold in Europe by Independent Music Companies Association.

Personnel
Pixies
 * Black Francis – vocals, guitar
 * Kim Deal – bass guitar, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Gigantic"
 * Dave Lovering – drums
 * Joey Santiago – lead guitar

Production
 * Steve Albini – tracks 1, 5, 7, 15
 * Gary Smith – tracks 2–4, 16, 23
 * Gil Norton – tracks 6, 8–14, 17–22

title: Wave of Mutilation: Best of Pixies


text:
User talk:Zakj

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
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Orphaned non-free media (File:GOOD logo.png)
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title: User talk:Zakj


text: Category:Swiss theologians

title: Category:Swiss theologians


text:
Aka people

The Aka or Biaka (also Bayaka, Babenzele) are a nomadic Mbenga pygmy people. They live in south-western Central African Republic and in northern Republic of the Congo. They are related to the Baka people of Cameroon, Gabon, northern Congo, and southwestern Central African Republic.

Unlike the Mbuti pygmies of the eastern Congo (who speak only the language of the tribes with whom they are affiliated), the Aka speak their own language along with whichever of the approximately 15 Bantu peoples they are affiliated. In 2003, the oral traditions of the Aka were proclaimed one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. They were featured in the July 1995 National Geographic article "Ndoki: the Last Place on Earth", and a 3-part TV series.

Society

A traditional hunter-gatherer society, the Aka have a varied diet that includes 63 plants, 28 species of game and 20 species of insect, in addition to nuts, fruit, honey, mushrooms and roots. Some Aka have recently taken up the practice of planting their own small seasonal crops, but agricultural produce is more commonly obtained by trading with neighboring villages, whom the Aka collectively term as Ngandu.

From the Ngandu, they obtain manioc, plantain, yams, taro, maize, cucumbers, squash, okra, papaya, mango, pineapple, palm oil, and rice in exchange for the bushmeat, honey, and other forest products the Aka collect. There are over 15 different village tribes with whom the approximately 30,000 Aka associate.

As a result of their hunter-gatherer lifestyle, which frequently exposes them to the blood of jungle fauna, they have among the highest rates of seropositivity for Ebola virus in the world.

Sex roles
In the Aka community, despite a sexual division of labor where women primarily serve as caregivers, male and female roles are highly flexible and interchangeable. Women hunt while men care for children, and vice versa, without stigma or loss of status. Women are not only as likely as men to hunt but can even be more proficient hunters. Aka women have been observed hunting even during late stages of pregnancy and returning to hunting shortly after childbirth, sometimes even carrying newborns while hunting.

While tasks and decision-making were largely shared activities, leadership roles such as kombeti (leader), tuma (elephant hunter), and nganga (top healer) are consistently held by men in a community studied by anthropologist Barry Hewlett.

Parenting
Physical closeness is highly valued in the upbringing of young children among the Aka community. Babies, starting from around three months old, are almost constantly held by either one of their parents or another caregiver. It is uncommon to find a cot in an Aka camp because it's unheard of for parents to leave their baby unattended; instead, infants are held all the time. Fathers of the Aka tribe spend more time in close contact to their babies than in any other known society. Aka fathers have their infant within arms' reach 47% of the time and make physical contact with them five times as often per day as fathers in some other societies. Aka fathers are even known to bring their infants along to social gatherings, such as their equivalent of a pub, with the baby attached to their chest or even nursing from their nipple, while they enjoy palm wine with other men. The men also help the women, by feeding their children. It is believed that this is related to the strong bond between Aka husband and wife. Throughout the day, couples share hunting, food preparation, and social and leisure activities.

History
The lifestyle of the Aka has been shifted from their traditional customs by European colonialism. The slave trade of the 18th century caused the migration of several tribes into Aka lands. These tribes subsequently became affiliated with the Aka. By the end of the 19th century, the Aka were the major elephant hunters providing tusks for the ivory trade. Affiliated tribes acted as middlemen in these transactions.

From 1910 to 1940, the Aka lands were part of French Equatorial Africa, and nearby affiliated tribes were forced into rubber production by the colonialists. These laborers occasionally escaped into forests inhabited by the Aka, increasing the demand for bushmeat. To meet this demand, the Aka developed the more efficient method of net hunting to replace traditional spear hunting. This caused a change in the social structure of the Aka: net hunting was seen as less physically challenging than using spears to kill game, and so women were encouraged take part in hunting activities.

In the 1930s, the French pressed the Aka to move into roadside villages. However, like the Efé of the Ituri rainforest, most Aka disobeyed and retreated into the jungle, with few joining the new settlements (except for a few villages in Congo-Brazza).

Today, economic pressures have forced the Aka to further deviate from their traditional customs. Many Aka now work in the coffee plantations of neighbouring tribes during the dry season instead of hunting as they would have done, and others have found employment in the ivory and lumber trade.

Conservation efforts
The World Wildlife Fund of Washington, DC, has worked with the Aka since the 1980s to protect gorilla habitats, minimize logging of forest, and promote other conservation efforts while empowering the Aka and other indigenous peoples. (needs to be evaluated)

Music
Their complex polyphonic music has been studied by various ethnomusicologists. Simha Arom has made historical field recordings of some of their repertoire. Michelle Kisliuk has written a detailed performance ethnography. Mauro Campagnoli studied their musical instruments in depth, comparing them to neighbouring pygmy groups such as the Baka Pygmies.

Aka musicians appear on African Rhythms (György Ligeti, Steve Reich and Pierre-Laurent Aimard, 2003), Echoes of the Forest: Music of the Central African Pygmies (Ellipsis Arts, 1995), BOYOBI: Ritual Music of the Rainforest Pygmies (Louis Sarno, 2000), and Bayaka: The Extraordinary Music of the BaBenzele Pygmies (Louis Sarno, 1996).

Films
The 2013 film Song from the Forest tells the story of American Louis Sarno who lived among the Bayaka pygmies in the Central African rainforest for 25 years and travels with his son, 13-year-old Samedi, to New York City.

Books

 * Seize the Dance! BaAka Musical Life and the Ethnography of Performance by Michelle Kisliuk (Oxford University Press, 2000).
 * Song from the Forest -- My Life Among the Ba-Benjellé Pygmies by Louis Sarno (Houghton Mifflin 1993).

title: Aka people


text:
Julius B. Richmond

Julius Benjamin Richmond (September 26, 1916 – July 27, 2008) was an American pediatrician and public health administrator. He was a vice admiral in the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps and served as the United States Surgeon General and the United States Assistant Secretary for Health during the Carter Administration, from 1977 to 1981. Richmond is noted for his role in the creation of the Head Start program for disadvantaged children, serving as its first national director.

Early years
Richmond was born in Chicago He was educated during the Great Depression, earning his B.S. at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, followed by an M.S. in physiology and his M.D. from the University of Illinois College of Medicine in 1939. After completing an 18-month rotating internship at Cook County Hospital in Chicago, Richmond entered two pediatrics residencies, the first at Chicago's Municipal Contagious Disease Hospital (1941–1942) and the second at Cook. The United States’ entry into World War II interrupted Richmond's postgraduate training, as he volunteered and was inducted into the Army Air Corps in February 1942. Through 1946 Richmond worked as a flight surgeon with the Air Force's Flying Training Command.

Career
After demobilization, Richmond completed his residency and began what would be a distinguished academic career in which public service was an integral part of scholarly research. He began as a professor in pediatrics at his alma mater (1946–53) and a Markle Foundation scholar in medical science (1948–53), and was active both in nonprofit children's welfare organizations and Chicago's Institute for Psychoanalysis. During 1953 he moved to the State University of New York at Syracuse College of Medicine (now known as the Upstate Medical Center). The Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) inspired Richmond and his colleague, Betty Caldwell, to turn their interdisciplinary research, integrating elements of psychiatry into pediatrics, toward policy ends as they documented how poverty threatened the psychosocial development of young children. They focused on cognitive abilities developed during a child's first years, where functional deficits linked to poverty, for example, those caused by malnutrition, could make learning more difficult and as a result, put the children of the poor at risk of failing both at school and later on, in attempts to advance economically.

Richmond's work at Syracuse caught the eye of Sargent Shriver, head of the Kennedy Foundation. After President Lyndon B. Johnson tapped Shriver to head a new independent agency, the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) (1964), Shriver convinced Richmond to take a leave of absence and join him. At OEO Richmond would use a demonstration grants mechanism to create two important new public health programs that incorporated OEO's mandate to aid local groups directly, rather than channeling resources through state health departments, the traditional partners of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare's Public Health Service. During 1965, Richmond implemented Project Head Start, an enrichment program for disadvantaged pre-school age children that was greeted eagerly by community groups. Building on health-related proposals submitted in response to Head Start, in 1966 Richmond sponsored a series of Neighborhood Health Centers that united economic development and local oversight of, and participation in, health services delivery.

In 1967, Richmond left OEO to return to Syracuse, to serve as Dean of the medical faculty. During 1971 he moved to Harvard Medical School, where he held professorships in two departments, Child Psychiatry and Human Development (1971–73) and Preventive & Social Medicine (1971–79), directed the Judge Baker Guidance Center in Boston (1971–77), a nonprofit mental health organization that works with Boston's juvenile courts, and also served as Chief of Psychiatry at the Children's Hospital Boston.

Surgeon General
Nearly a decade later after Richmond stepped down from OEO, former OEO official Joseph Califano, now President Jimmy Carter’s Secretary of DHEW, asked him to return to Federal service as Assistant Secretary for Health (July 1977). Richmond accepted, on condition that his position as Assistant Secretary, with its line authority over PHS, be combined with that of Surgeon General, widely recognized as a spokesperson for public health. Califano obliged with a December 1977 inhouse reorganization that boosted and streamlined PHS's management capabilities through its Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH).

Richmond brought a commitment to access and equity that reflected his earlier work implementing President Johnson's Great Society. In national health affairs, however, the latter half of the 1970s was a period of retrenchment and effort to curb health-related expenditures. Economic downturns challenged the country's willingness to support a continued expansion of health care programs and after 1974, the removal of wage and price controls on health care providers meant dramatic cost increases for the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Many believed that controls were a necessary prerequisite to any form of national health insurance, and the type of controls became a point of contention, for example, with the Congress opposing the Carter Administration's decision to focus on hospital expenditures.

Despite the times, Richmond's neighborhood health centers remained, championed by Congress and reinforced by an assortment of PHS programs to improve access to care. Transferred to PHS jurisdiction in the early 1970s, neighborhood health centers were renamed Community Health Centers, authorized under 1975 legislation, scaled down and revamped to focus on rural (1975) and urban (1977) areas, spread thin to include new constituencies like residents of Appalachia and migrant workers and those served by PHS's National Health Service Corps. During Richmond's tenure, Congress would pass the Health Services and Centers Act of 1978 (PL95-626), which reauthorized a broad array of public health services, community and migrant health centers, grants for primary care projects, and grants-in-aid to support public health programs and authorized $2.9 billion in expenditures. The health of children also remained a top priority. The Communicable Disease Center (CDC) carried out a successful immunization campaign that focused on measles and other childhood diseases that disproportionately affected the poor, meeting an initial goal of immunizing at least 90 percent of eligible children by October 1979. In addition, there were efforts to establish a Child Health Assurance Program to improve prevention by broadening eligibility for the existing Medicaid Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment Program.

At PHS Richmond remains best known for his leadership in devising and implementing quantitative goals for public health, first published in 1979 as Healthy People: The Surgeon General’s Report on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. Healthy People moved PHS beyond its limited capabilities to lessen disparities in health services provision, to spur change by getting information out to journalists, health departments, and others about gains already made in reduced mortality from noninfectious causes. Richmond and Secretary Califano drew on the precedent of former Surgeon General Luther Terry's 1964 Report on Smoking and Health to build professional and public consensus toward making prevention key to PHS's efforts.

A new Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (1979) under Assistant Surgeon General Michael McGinnis prepared the formal publication, setting forth ambitious health goals to be achieved by 1990, and the Institute of Medicine drafted an accompanying volume, Promoting Health/Preventing Disease: Objectives For The Nation (1980), which included a series of specific targets within set categories for each age-group. One of the major goals of this effort was to educate people on how they could take more personal responsibility for their health through wise lifestyle choices. Richmond's Healthy People campaign was a remarkable success, especially in light of the political firestorm in Congress and by the tobacco industry when Secretary Califano became an outspoken critic of cigarette smoking as a major contributor to preventable disease.

Later years
After the Reagan Administration assumed power in January 1981, Richmond stepped down from his dual post and returned to academe.

At Harvard, Richmond would serve as a Professor of Health Policy (1981–1988) and as the John D. MacArthur Professor of Management and Director of the Division of Health Policy Research and Education (1987 onward) and as well chair the steering committee of the National Academy of Sciences' Forum on the Future of Children and Families (NAS). From 1988 he was Emeritus at Harvard Medical School in the Department of Social Medicine (DSM), now the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, which he had founded under HMS Dean Robert Ebert.

Richmond died of cancer at age 91 at his home in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, near Boston, on July 27, 2008.

A collection of his papers is held at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland.

Awards

 * The 10th Annual Heinz Award in Public Policy (2004)

title: Julius B. Richmond


text:
Talk:Recurrence plot

Orbital Diagram
Why does "orbital diagram" redirect here? I didn't see anything related to orbital diagrams, with regards to atomic structure. JRNorbergé 02:04, 1 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Orbit diagram now redirects to Bifurcation diagram. —Dexxor (talk) 07:33, 12 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Recurrence plot


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hearing (law)

Hearing (law) was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was to keep. Cool Hand Luke  19:45, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Dictdef. Was listed for speedy deletion but wasn't a candidate AIUI. — Gwalla | Talk 02:38, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * D Nothing hew here that isn't common sense. It's like the technical definition of a keyboard is "an input device containing buttons, or keys, for input of data." -- the common-sense meaning is no different. Chris 02:54, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * There are 13 links to this article. I'm going to vote delete unless expanded, but I hope to be able to expand it by the end of the VFD period, in which case I will change my vote to keep.  Now it's three sentences long.  I think it's a barebones stub which can be kept. anthony 警告
 * I can't help thinking that it would be embarassing for you to vote delete on an article I (generally a deletionist) am voting to keep ;) --Improv 17:37, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, I did fully intend to change my delete to a keep before the VfD ended. But the fact that you voted keep pushed me to do it that much faster :). anthony 警告 17:48, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. This topic is too notable not to have an article. Mark this as something needing some TLC. --Improv 07:13, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * This is an obvious keep. If this can't become encyclopedic, I don't know why we're trying to make an encyclopedia.  — siro  χ  o  10:23, Oct 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * Weak keep in present form because of Anthony's observation that there are links to it. Perfectly good topic, substub is likely to grow, but 134.29.33.38 should have requested the article rather than creating a substub. Certainly keep if expanded. Would be helpful if someone familiar with our legal coverage would do some searching and poking around, as I wouldn't be at all surprised if there is half-decent coverage of this topic in some other article or under some other name. I find searching Wikipedia for content quite difficult; just yesterday I accidentally created an article on Nonlethal weapons because I didn't discover the article Non-lethal force until I had already written five paragraphs. Is this Hearing (law) the right title, by the way? Or Hearing (legal)? Or something else? Any naming-convention mavens here? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 15:05, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * P. S. Here's a REAL dictdef, which suggests some avenues for expansion of the article: [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 15:14, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * 4. Law a. A preliminary examination of an accused person. b. The trial of an equity case. 5. A session, as of an investigatory committee or a grand jury, at which testimony is taken from witnesses.

 * Weak keep, only because it's an encyclopedic topic with links to it. A great candidate for wp:cotw, though. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 15:58, Oct 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Needs some cleanup, but is definately encyclopedic. Indrian 17:49, Oct 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Besides being an encyclopedic topic, it also provides a much-needed conduit to get from the disamb hearing to the specific types of hearings in the see also list. Of course, it needs work, but so do many articles--wp:cotw is certainly one option. Given the number of articles that link here, I seriously doubt the general topic is covered elsewhere. Niteowlneils 18:20, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, this is abuse of VfD. [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality (hopefully!)]] 18:23, Oct 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree with that. — siro  χ  o  22:20, Oct 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * Oh, stop it. Just stop it. This was listed for speedy deletion and Gwalla | Talk moved it here so we could all talk about it. And the result is... it's not going to be deleted. It seems to me that you should be giving him an attaboy for that. Maybe we should all introduce ourselves to the person on our right and shake hands and say "hello," or have a group hug, or something like that. I don't insist you join in a big round of applause for the righteous working of Wikiprocess. Just be kind, that's all. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 23:56, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Gwalla in fact prevented abuse by listing it here.  I'm in favor of pointing out VfD abuses myself, but it's rather misplaced in this case. Factitious 08:48, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep It's a gneral topic and should be in a encylopedia... However additional info would be quite a boon --Asmodai 00:05, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep shortness is not a reason to delete; only no reasonable future expansion is. Gadykozma 00:42, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable, expandable, linked.  The title feels a bit awkward to me, but that's another matter entirely. Factitious 08:48, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I've added a graf about administrative hearings in U.S. law.  JamesMLane 08:53, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Nothing wrong with this article, just needs expansion. No[[User_talk:norm|rm]] 13:11, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. same reasoning as above keep votes. Posiduck 03:48, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Please remember, we aren't all from english speaking countries! Pages like this can help us. --Tmh 10:03, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep it might be useful to some to know that Hearing law doesn't have anything to do with legislation on audial faculties. Expand.  cross reference.  cite cases.  categorise.Pedant 18:22, 2004 Oct 28 (UTC)
 * Keep. There is more info in here than is reasonable to state that it's a candidate for moving to Wiktionary. Incidently, should this be something like Legal hearing? - Ta bu shi da yu 03:14, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Zach Foley

Zach Foley
Poorly written. Not notable. Nobody seems to know who this guy is. There was a guy called Zac Foley (no H) in EMF, but this isn't our man (for one, Zac (no H) was born in 1970 and is still alive died in 2002). Google for "Zach Foley" -EMF throws up 24 results, of which a whopping zero are about the subject of this entry. I'm not certain that Zac (no H) has even done anything outside of EMF that would merit an article to which to redirect this page. Chris 02:39, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete unless someone adds a link to an external source verifying that this information is true. anthony (see warning) 03:13, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. NeoJustin 04:46 Oct 24, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: I'm still persuaded this is a complete joke. "Obscure" but a "star."  He was a star french horn player.  He lived in a condo so close to a highway that jumping off the balcony caused a 7 car pile up.  No one noticed except his brother (but he was a star who was obscure) except his brother (who, btw, took an overdose of asprin) and the author of the article (1st person).  I think we should demand 4-5 external references to make this anything but a speedy delete as patent nonsense.  Geogre 16:18, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text:
Hruso people

The Aka, also known as Hrusso, are an ethnic group of Indian state Arunachal Pradesh. They are found in various areas of Arunachal Pradesh including the Thrizino Bhalukpong, Buragaon, Jamiri, Palizi, Khuppi area in West Kameng. Their language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman family.

Lifestyle
For the convenience of administration, the Aka people elects a chief, who often acts the role of the village headman. Polygamy is widely practiced in their patrilineal society, and cross-cousin marriages are accepted. Like most tribes, the Aka have an elementary caste system, the aristocrat Kutsun and the commoner Kevatsum.

The Aka practice shifting cultivation and rear domestic animals such as the Mithun. Temporary huts, accommodated by young boys, are built near the field to guard the crops from the animals. The staple food of Akas is maize and millet. They plant leaves, pulses, potato and rice. Drinks locally made from fermented maize and millet include Lao pani, Mingri and the Aarah.

The Aka live in elongated houses made from bamboo, wood and cane leaves. Raised on platforms about 6 feet above the ground, the Aka house are further sub-divided into three sections. The granary is built away from the main house.

Culture
The Aka share strong cultural affinities with the Miji, and intermarriage with the Miji is prevalent. Centuries of Vaishnava and intermittent Tibetan influence from the Sherdukpen has shaped the Aka culture into its modern form. Handicrafts, basket weaving and wood carving are the principal arts among the Aka tribe. Intermittent Tibetan contacts is evidenced by the fact that the Aka and Mishmis are known as "Khakhra" (meaning barbarians) to the Tibetans. One of the most notable features of Aka arts is the Chinese design of the Jana flower, which can be often found on many of the indigenous haversacks. It is a known legend that the Jana flower represents the commemorate an ancient Tibetan king, who was believed to have led his entire life through daily reincarnations. It was also believed that he lived in an open giant palace that grew the Jana flowers every time the sun sets.

Indigenous festivals under the guidance of a village Chieftains such as those of the four-day Nechido festival, held in November involves the affiliation with the natural world and community.

Dual language
Among the Aka live a second group of people, with their own language, the Koro. They are culturally integrated with the Aka, but have somehow maintained their separate, only distantly related Tibeto-Burman language. Koro has more similarities with the Tani language group, in easternmost Tibet. There are thought to be 800 to 1200 remaining speakers of Koro, and 4,000 to 6,000 speakers of Aka.

Costume
The Aka costume deeply reflects its indigenous culture. While both male and female keep long hair, there are distinctions in the dress within the Aka. These restrictions involve the use of the Assamese silk and the Tibetan knobbed hat, which are worn among the aristocrats.

Generally, most men wear a silky Assamese toga, while the women wear a long, dark-red garment that covers the entire body. Indigenous lingchong cream manufactured from the pine-resin serves as the cosmetics for the Aka women. However, the interesting cane cap reaching three inches high inserted with two bird-feathers serves the highlight of the Aka costume.

Silver ornaments play another important role in the female Aka costume. Vase-shaped earrings and for the richer ones, a fillet of silver chain is worn around the head. The rich Aka women wear a pretty filet of silver chain-work round the head. Jade beads are also made into necklaces.

Face tattooing is another notable feature among some Aka. Especially in the case of the women, they tattoo their faces in a straight line from the forehead to the chin.

Religion
The Aka are mainly Animists–who are described to follow a variant of the Nyezi-No religion, which means Sky and Earth. Occasional contacts with the Assamese and neighbouring Buddhist tribes and Tibetans have seen Hindu and Buddhist influence imbibed beliefs and culture. However, centuries of Buddhist and Hindu influences have greatly shaped the religious rites of their religion. For instance, veneration of the Assamese Hindu God, Hori Deo came as a result of the imprisonment of a local Aka king, Tagi Raja. Superstitions and magic play an important role in their belief system. Shizhou proved to be the most popular form of magic ritual among the Aka, and anybody who is angry may resort to conducting Shizhou rituals on their foe.

The rituals of Shizhou involve slaughtering a dog, draining the blood from its head, and either sprinkling a few drops of the blood onto the enemy undetected, throwing them into his house, or burning them in his hearth. If the ritual succeeds, the enemy is supposed to lose their life.

title: Hruso people


text: Talk:Wave of Mutilation: Best of Pixies

title: Talk:Wave of Mutilation: Best of Pixies


text:
Deadbeat parent

Deadbeat parent is a pejorative term referring to parents who do not fulfill their parental responsibilities, especially when they evade court-ordered child support obligations or custody arrangements. They are also referred to as absentee fathers and mothers. The gender-specific deadbeat father and deadbeat mother are commonly used to refer to people who have parented a child and intentionally fail to pay child support ordered by a family law court or statutory agency such as the Child Maintenance Service.

Child support arrears
According to the United States Census Bureau, 42% of custodial mothers (as "obligees") received all child support that they were owed and 70.5% received some in 2009. Additionally, 34.1% of custodial fathers (as "obligees") received all child support that they were owed and 72.9% received some.

Child support assessments are made based on a variety of formulae, and vary from state to state in the United States. According to one study 38% of Illinois "obligor" parents not paying child-support said they lacked the money to pay; 23% used non-payment to protest a lack of visitation rights; and 69% complained of no accountability over the spending of their child support money, while 13% said they did not want their child or children and 12% denied parentage, (see paternity fraud).

According to a California study, 76% of the $14.4 billion in child support arrears in California has been attributed to "obligors" who lack the ability to pay (see Figure 1, pp. 5-4). In California, the "deadbeat" parents had a median annual income of $6349, arrears of $9447, ongoing support of $300 per month. One reason given for this was that 71% of the orders were set by default—meaning that person who supposedly owes support was not personally served with a notice to appear before the court or administrative agency. A notice is sent to the last known address, which may have changed.

Alternative terms for deadbeat parents who lack the ability to pay are "deadbroke" and "turnip" (as in "you can't get blood out of a turnip").

Legislation
The U.S. law known as the Bradley Amendment was passed in 1986 to automatically trigger a non-expiring lien whenever child support becomes overdue.
 * The law overrides any state's statute of limitations.
 * The law disallows any judicial discretion, even from bankruptcy judges.
 * The law requires that the payment amounts be maintained without regard for the physical capability of the person owing child support to promptly notify the authorities of changes in their circumstances, or their awareness of the need to make the notification.

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996, 42 U.S.C. 653a, established in 1997 a New Hire Registry in which all employers in the United States, private or public, State and Federal, must report all newly hired employees within 20 days or less depending on how they report. The report includes name, address and Social Security number of each new employee. States are required to match reports of newly hired employees against social security numbers of persons having outstanding child support orders, and to issue an order to the employer to withhold and forward unpaid child support payments.

Many U.S. states have passed laws that allows the Department of Public Safety in the state to use its information to find the non-compliant parent and call them to account for their actions.

There are now many collections-oriented sites on the Internet that mention or highlight deadbeat parents, some even showing mug shots and marking the photos as "found" in the style of the FBI's "most wanted" list.

Action taken against defaulting parents
In the United States, persons in arrears for child support payments are potentially subject to incarceration. Other penalties for child-support non-payment also exist. Many U.S. states suspend an individual's licenses (i.e. driver's license, business license, contractor license) if that individual has significant arrearage in support payments or does not consistently pay support. This authority does not extend to professionals who receive licensure through non-governmental agencies. In 2000, the state of Tennessee revoked the driver's licenses of 1,372 people who collectively owed more than $13 million USD in child support. In Texas non-custodial parents behind more than three months in child-support payments can have court-ordered payments deducted from their wages, can have federal income tax refund checks, lottery winnings, or other money that may be due from state or federal sources intercepted by child support enforcement agencies, can have licenses (including hunting and fishing licenses) suspended, and a judge may sentence a nonpaying parent to jail and enter a judgment for past due child support. However, on 4 September 1998, the Supreme Court of Alaska upheld a law allowing state agencies to revoke driver's licenses of parents seriously delinquent in child support obligations. And in the case of United States of America v. Rosen, U.S. Court of Appeals (2nd Cir., 1996), the court upheld the constitutionality of a law allowing federal fines and up to two years imprisonment for a person willfully failing to pay more than $5,000 in child support over a year or more when said child resides in a different state from that of the non-custodial parent.

Socially, deadbeat parents risk motivating their children to violate filial responsibility laws when they are grown.

title: Deadbeat parent


text:
Håkan Persson

Håkan Persson is a Swedish music journalist, born in Stockholm, 1 June. He has been the host and producer of P3 Rock, a radio show on P3, Sveriges Radio, since 1996. He started doing radio in 1981, with the punk show Ny Våg. He has continued to present radio shows, including änubah!, Inferno, Slammer, and Musikjournalen.

title: Håkan Persson