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User talk:Dan-12

Welcome, Dan
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia!

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I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page. +sj +   17:17, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dan-12


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User talk:Alex Vinokur~enwiki

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

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To sign your comments, type four tildes like this: ~. This automatically adds your name and the current time.

I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page. +sj +   17:17, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

List of schools in Ukraine
No need to email - better to use my talk page. I deleted the page because WAvegetarian had flagged it for deletion and I agreed with him. Something wrong with my info? No - rather it was the lack of information. As the article stood, it was too short to be worth keeping. Also WP:NOT - Wikipedia is not a mirror or a repository of links … I am pleased to see that you have been bold and re-instated it. But the new version is not much better - there must be a few more schools you can add to make it look less stubby. -- RHaworth 02:32:31, 2005-08-28 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Alex Vinokur. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Alex Vinokur~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 21:46, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 10:20, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Alex Vinokur~enwiki


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User talk:FraKctured

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

Helpful links: Editing || Writing a great article || Naming || Style Manual || Policies || Reassigning old edits.

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To sign your comments, type four tildes like this: ~. This automatically adds your name and the current time.

I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page. +sj +   17:16, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Venus
Hi, you recently added an image to the Venus article. I'd like to draw your attention to a comment I placed on the talk page. Perhaps we can discuss. Regards, — BillC talk 23:18, 2 December 2008 (UTC)

File:M Haydn - German sixth chord.jpg missing description details
Dear uploader: The media file you uploaded as File:M Haydn - German sixth chord.jpg is missing a description and/or other details on its image description page. If possible, please add this information. This will help other editors to make better use of the image, and it will be more informative for readers.

If the information is not provided, the image may eventually be proposed for deletion, a situation which is not desirable, and which can easily be avoided.

If you have any questions please see Help:Image page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 18:15, 14 December 2010 (UTC)

File:M Haydn - German sixth chord.jpg missing description details
Dear uploader: The media file you uploaded as File:M Haydn - German sixth chord.jpg is missing a description and/or other details on its image description page. If possible, please add this information. This will help other editors to make better use of the image, and it will be more informative for readers.

If the information is not provided, the image may eventually be proposed for deletion, a situation which is not desirable, and which can easily be avoided.

If you have any questions please see Help:Image page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 18:24, 14 December 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:FraKctured


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Wikipedia:External search engines

Besides Wikipedia internal search engine, there are various search engines that can provide domain-specific searches, which let you search Wikipedia specifically. Searches are based on the text as shown by the browser, so wiki markup is irrelevant. Depending on your browser, you may also be able to use tools that allow you to search Wikipedia using bookmarklets.

In general, external search engines are faster than a Wikipedia search. However, because the search engine's cache is based on when the site was indexed, the search may not return newly created pages. Similarly, the search engine's cached version of the page will not be as up-to-date as the link to Wikipedia itself. Also, when returning Wikipedia articles in a regular search, mirrors and forks of Wikipedia content frequently rank higher than the actual Wikipedia articles because of search engine optimization techniques.

These issues may be less of a problem when using certain search engines that process Wikipedia differently:

 * Google tends to include Wikipedia as part of its normal search, and it comes up fairly accurately.
 * Yahoo! includes Wikipedia as part of its content acquisition program and gets a regular datafeed.

Comparison with Wikipedia's search engine
The internal search can handle all the logical combinations Google and other major search websites can, using logical combinations of AND, OR and "". It can search in page titles or with page title prefixes, and in specific categories and namespaces, or limit a search to pages with specific words in the title or in specific categories or namespaces.

It can also handle parameters an order of magnitude more sophisticated than most external search engines, including user-specified words with variable endings and similar spellings.

The internal search is also able to search all pages for project purposes, whereas external search engines cannot be used on any talk page, a large part of projectspace, and any page tagged as noindex.

Finally when presenting results, the internal search understands and will link to relevant sections of a page (although to a limited degree some other search engines may do this as well).

Wikimedia Global Search

 * Wikimedia Global Search, perform Elasticsearch-based searches across the wikitext of all Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) wikis via WMCS Toolforge and Cloud Elastic services. Due to potential for abuse of expensive long-running queries (e.g., DoS attack), SUL login is required.

Google
By following the links below, you can use the Google search engine to search Wikipedia – either all languages, or English-only. Google indexes all namespaces except user talk.

 * Search all languages
 * Search the English Wikipedia only

How to provide a link to a specific Google Search
Wikipedia markup allows you to insert links to Google searches by including google: as the prefix for the link. This can sometimes be useful on talk pages. It is done like this:

 *  Tipster .

Which looks like this:

 * Tipster

Note: It is important not to use spaces in the search. To add more parameters to the search, separate them by a plus sign, +. For a phrase search, use a hyphen (minus sign), -, between each word. E.g. to search for "Tip of the day", use Tip-of-the-day.

 * User's comment: It can't really work, other than by accident, as in overselling+-wikipedia (even when typed in as  overselling%2B-wikipedia —at the very least in Opera version 8.54, 2005, if not in all browsers). This is because the plus (+) is not meant as white-space character replacement in Google queries, even if it is used in this role in URL encoding. The plus is meant merely as a prefix, in addition to a white-space character. (Cf. "The minus sign should appear immediately before the word and should be preceded with a space" —for a similar issue with the minus.) If the defect I'm talking about turns out to be browser-dependent, just click on this to see what I mean.

To provide a link to a Wikipedia-specific search, include +site:en.wikipedia.org in the Google link (no spaces before or after), like this:

 *  google:Tip-of-the-day+site:en.wikipedia.org .

Which looks like this:

 * google:Tip-of-the-day+site:en.wikipedia.org

To clean up the link so that only the part you want to show is presented, use the pipe, like this:

 * <tt> "Tip of the day" </tt>

Which makes it look like this:

 * "Tip of the day"

Google templates
Several templates are available for creating links to various kinds of Google searches and services. These templates allow more options, such as to search for specific keywords, to link to initially blank search forms, and to search on a specific Web site or on a subdirectory within a site. These templates also allow spaces to separate multiple search keywords, so you don't need to use unusual punctuation. Since these templates create links to Google searches, they cannot search on Wikipedia's Talk: namespace (i.e., article talk pages). These searches should work on non-article talk pages. See the documentation for each template for usage details and examples:

 * Google – basic Google searches; works similarly to the  interwiki link prefix.
 * Google custom – Google searches on a specific site, or on a specific subdirectory within a site; allows for searching on particular Wikipedia namespaces, and searching on a specific page and all its subpages.
 * Google help desk – Google search on Wikipedia's Help desk and its archives.
 * Google images – Google Image Search.
 * Google translation – not a search method, but can provide machine translation between a limited set of languages, using the Google Translate service.
 * Google wikipedia – search the entire English Wikipedia with Google (except for the Talk: namespace).

In most cases you should not use these templates in articles because they violate WP:EL. They are appropriate for pages in other namespaces, such as talk pages, the Help desk, project pages, and so on. If you just want to run some searches without necessarily creating links to them, see the template pages which provide some example search links.

Yahoo!
By following the links below, you can use the Yahoo! search engine to search Wikipedia – either all languages or English-only.

 * Search all Wikipedias with Yahoo!
 * Search the English Wikipedia with Yahoo!

Copernix.io
Copernix.io is a geographical search engine allowing users to search places and information from Wikipedia on a map. Users can leave the search bar empty to see all pages within an area or type a query to get subject specific information.

Some useful examples can be found at: The main search page is at:
 * Copernix examples and about
 * Copernix.io

Other
Here are more Tools which make searching more convenient.

title: Wikipedia:External search engines


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User talk:Gotalora

Hello again
Hi Guillermo, I hope you're finding your way around. I'm glad to tell you more about how the community works; and there are places where contribution from Spanish speakers is greatly needed. For instance, see the work that Joseph Dwayne is doing translating the Wikimedia Quarto. Cheers, +sj +  12:08, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Re: bulletin boards / forums : try the village pump. That's as close as we come to a bulletin-board around here.  There are also people on IRC, but discussion there isn't always productive.

Welcome to WP
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

Helpful links: Editing || Writing a great article || Naming || Style Manual || Policies || Reassigning old edits.

Other Questions? Help || Village pump(everyone gathers here) || What Wikipedia is not

Maintenance: Deleting articles || all maintenance tasks (see also open tasks, below)

Uploading images: please note the origins and copyright status of every image you upload, otherwise we won't be able to use those images in many versions of WP.

To sign comments on talk pages, type four tildes, like this: ~. This automatically adds your name and the current time.

I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page. +sj +   14:57, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

From Colombia
Quihubo. Acabo de encontrar su página, y ver que usted es colombiano; en ese caso, de pronto le interese añadirse acá como tal. Así, además, lo puedo contactar más fácilmente para las reuniones de wikipedistas en Bogotá, si le interesa. --Fibonacci 3 July 2005 08:16 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gotalora


text:
User talk:MichaelLaRue

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

Helpful links: Editing || Writing a great article || Naming || Style Manual || Policies || Reassigning old edits.

Other Questions? Help || Village pump(everyone gathers here) || What Wikipedia is not

Maintenance: Deleting articles || all maintenance tasks (see also open tasks, below)

Uploading images: please note the origins and copyright status of every image you upload, otherwise we won't be able to use those images in many versions of WP.

To sign your comments, type four tildes like this: ~. This automatically adds your name and the current time.

I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page. +sj +   17:16, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Copyright Issues
Welcome, but please be aware of an essential rule. Submissions can not be lifted from copyrighted sources. Those entries will have to be removed.

title: User talk:MichaelLaRue


text:
Archaeological Museum of Asturias

The Archaeological Museum of Asturias (Spanish: Museo Arqueológico de Asturias; Asturian: Muséu Arqueolóxicu d'Asturies) is housed in the 16th century Benedictine monastery of Saint Vicente in Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. Its findings include collections of the Asturian Neolithic, Megalithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Astur hill fort culture, Roman period, and of the Gothic, Pre-Romanesque and Romanesque periods of the Kingdom of Asturias. The museum also includes sections of Asturian Ethnography, Heraldry, Medieval and Modern Epigraphy, Spanish Numismatics, a European Medal Section, and Armor.

While owned by the Spanish State, its management was transferred to the regional administration in 1991.

The museum underwent a series of refurbishment works beginning in 2004, being reinaugurated and reopened to the public on March 21, 2011.

Notable pieces

 * Vega del Cielo mosaic
 * San Miguel de Lillo altar stone
 * Santa María del Naranco altar stone
 * 12th-century sarcophagus of Gontrodo Pérez, lover of King Alfonso VII of León and mother of Urraca la Asturiana., Queen of Navarre

Permanent exhibits
The permanent exhibition narrates the history of the Asturian region from prehistory to the High and Late Middle Ages, through the material culture preserved in the museum, giving us a view of the different peoples that have inhabited this territory over its many centuries of history.

Prehistoric Times
Archaeological investigations have revealed the subsistence strategies (hunting, fishing and foraging) and technical advances in the manufacture of tools of the prehistoric people who occupied caves and shelters near rivers. Of particular note is the presentation of the world of the Neanderthals, provided by the latest discoveries in the Asturian cave of El Sidrón. The enigmatic universe of the different mindsets finds its most eloquent expression in Paleolithic parietal art and furniture. In Asturias, images of great beauty are to be found in nearly fifty caves, where our remotest ancestors carved or painted animals, symbols and summary representations of the human body.

Neolithic to Metal Ages
From the Neolithic up through the Bronze Age, a drastic cultural change occurred as compared to the traditional way of life of Paleolithic societies. The people that populated our region about 4,500 years ago felled forests, cleared the first fields for crops and opened up areas of pasture land for raising animals. Megaliths, with their ritualistic and territorial significance, became a part of the Asturian landscape as a reflection of the complex new agricultural society. The intensive exploitation of copper mines and the expansion of the metallurgical phenomenon led to the development of increasingly complex societies. During this period, Asturias began its long history as a mining region.

Era of the Castros
The castros (fortified settlements) nowadays constitute one of the most visible elements of the Asturian landscape, the typical habitat in Asturias between the end of the Bronze Age and Roman settlement, i.e., during the Iron Age. The castros had an autonomous nature, with the defenses being the most outstanding boundary element, emblematic of these communities that appeared to be quite dissociated and divided into clans.

Rome in Asturias
With the arrival of Rome to the distant lands bordering the Bay of Biscay in the times of the emperor Augustus, Asturias became part of the Roman Empire. Under Roman rule, the territory became truly unified due to the creation of both urban and rural centers connected by an extensive network of roads. Profit from the gold mines focused Rome's attention on the western area of the region, exploiting deposits on a large scale. New economic and trade activities arose throughout the country, bringing about a change in the habits and customs of a traditionally mining and agricultural population. The presence of Rome in Asturias also marked our region's entrance into the cultural spheres of the classical world.

Medieval Asturias

The Kingdom of Asturias inaugurated the Middle Ages in this region. Royal sites, churches, monasteries and castles comprised the main centers of power of the monarchy and the early medieval aristocracy. However, most of the rural population lived in modest houses with simple household furnishings in small villages. The art of the Astur monarchy is noted for its architectural and ornamental originality. From the 13th century on, new urban centers and towns (Asturian polas) concentrated the population and centralized administrative, trade and craft activities. New Romanesque and Gothic churches were built in these cities, towns and villages. Towards the end of medieval times, there emerged a new aristocracy which played a major role in the political, economic and social life of the region.

Completing the exhibition a specific section entitled “From Collection to Museum”, which looks at how the museum came to be, its history running almost parallel to the beginnings of scientific archeology in the region.

In an annex to this thematic area is a tribute to the figure of Friar Benito Feijoo y Montenegro, extraordinary figure of the Spanish Enlightenment and abbot of the Monastery of San Vicente. A Benedictine cell has been reconstructed in the grandest part of the old cloister, just like the one found in the museum's former exhibition. In this way, we continue to recognize the most prolific essayist of the 18th century, whose intellectual work marked a milestone in the evolution of thought and science of that time.

Another section is devoted to the dissemination and appreciation of World Heritage sites in Asturias: Paleolithic cave art and monuments of the Asturian monarchy. Through a series of interactive screens and audiovisuals, visitors are given relevant information on these heritage sites as well as the various archaeological routes that can be taken to enjoy this cultural legacy.

The collection
The confiscation of church property in 1837 put a great number of religious works of art into circulation and throughout the 19th century the Asturian Commission on Monuments took on the task of collecting the remains of those abandoned and sold-off monasteries and churches. These pieces constituted the source of the Museum of Antiquities’ collection, which gradually grew through the donations made by several of its members, as well as by collectors and scholars concerned with the past.

In its active work, the museum was mainly involved in the restoration of pre-Romanesque churches, collecting pieces from the ruins of some of these buildings. Once in the 20th century, the development of scientific archeology meant expanding the horizon towards prehistoric times, after Palaeolithic cave art was discovered in Asturias.

Throughout the 20th century, the museum's collection grew significantly as the result of archaeological excavations in Asturias. Private collections were also donated, adding to the holdings of the former Commission on Monuments. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the Provincial Government of Oviedo purchased a variety of wooden statues, furniture and other objects. Major purchases included three collections: that of the heirs of Soto Cortés, comprising all kinds of archaeological artifacts; the numismatic collection belonging to Pedro Hurlé Mansó; and the collection of arms and coins from the heirs of Tomás Fernández Bataller.

Research carried out since the 1970s has steadily expanded the museum's collection from the Paleolithic Age, the Metal Ages and the Roman period. The birth of archeology management, which has developed significantly since the 1990s, has led to a great deal of material from all ages being incorporated. This especially includes objects from the Middle Ages, collected from the historic centers of Asturian cities and towns, as well as from the numerous churches and monasteries which have been examined prior to their restoration.

Library
The library of the Archaeological Museum of Asturias is the centre of documentation of the museum in Oviedo, Spain. It deals with the attention services for the study and investigation of the prehistoric times and archaeology in the Asturias. The library preserves a specialized fund in prehistorical times and archaeology in relation with the collections of the museum. It also has an automated catalogue of the funds and a reading room.

The Library has been from the beginning an important piece for the museum, which since the middle of the 19th century to the current days, has experienced a deep transformation, and an internal renewal that has its reflection in the management of its collections as in the management of the information.

Objectives
The basic objectives are:
 * Upgrade the museum.
 * Collect, sort, classify, catalog and register in a management system and spread all the information of interest for the study, analysis and investigation of the possessions deposited in the museum.
 * Conserve and preserve its documentary collections.
 * Integrate in the documentation area its archives and library which are the main axis of the information sources of the museum.
 * Spread the funds for its enhancement, through publications and especially through websites.
 * Establish relations of cooperation and collaboration with other institutions.
 * Update, by using technologies, the services that it offers to the users through its website.

Physical space
The library is located between the first and second floor of the museum. The access is made through the ancient stairs of the monastery. The space is distributed in two great areas: one of them dedicated to query, and the other one to the deposit. The query area has seven seats for reading, in which users can consult the funds of the bibliographic collection and the archive. The Internet access is available, and it also has a computer in case of need of reprographic printing. This space also completes with a working zone for the library staff.

The library is free to access and it offers the service of query from Monday to Friday, so the problem of the restricted access to the public, kept since a lot of years, is resolved. The library is also a polyvalent place, where it can be celebrated meetings and didactic workshops.

Collection
The library is specialized in archaeology, prehistory, ancient history and medieval history, with a special reference to Asturias. Its catalogue is integrated in the Collective Catalogue of the Network of Libraries of Asturias and its query can be done through the Collective Catalogue of the Libraries of Asturias. The bibliographic collection possesses a great chronological amplitude, that goes from 1650 to actuality. The documentary typology is varied and although the weight is made by monographs and magazines, it also has cartographic material, images, audiovisual supports, drawings, plates, pictures, posters and manuscripts. The main linguistic coverage is the Spanish but it also has English, French and Italian publications. It is formed by 15.000 volumes. The bibliographic collection is grouped in several sections individualized by its thematic, typology or origin.
 * Vol.2.jpgRICAL FUND or LIBRARY of the CPMHA. It constitutes an own section, and it is known as the Library of the Commission. It is formed by near 3.500 registers, gathered from 1844 to 1952 which answer to the interests of the institution, in a determinate period and by those who were at the top of the shopping and acquisitions (Ciriaco Miguel Vigil, Fermín Canella, Fortunato de Selgas, Rafael Altamira, etc.). It predominates the following matters: epigraphy, numismatist, antiquities, classical archaeology, history of art, medals, ivories, fine arts, Asturian subjects, etc. The majority were printed between 1870 and 1930 and the origin is diverse. it entered by purchase, by donation of its author or possessor and by exchange between history institutions, local studies or of provincial museums. There are French editions of art encyclopedias, of classical art, antiquities, editions on the first archaeologic excavations in the 19th century, and the main works of the 19th century in matter of prehistory and archaeology. It conserves an extraordinary work: Architectural Monuments of Spain, considered the most ambitious project from the bibliographic point of view of ones tackled in Spain. This work was printed to study and spread the artistical heritage of the country, specially the Asturian. It was published under the direction of a special commission created by the Ministerio de Fomento, between 1856 and 1881. In its graphic part it was employed with big precision the technics of the intaglio, the lithography and the cromolitografía. Also it stands out factitious editions that gather documents and varied brochures, grouped by subjects of interest: Subjects of Asturias, political Writings, History, etc. There are documents of interest written in Asturian language, that allowed the study of this language: loose leaves, poems and manuscripts. And also handwritten texts,  speeches, sermons, letters, and historical documentation. Other curious materials that integrate the collection of the library are ephemeral and difficult to achieve materials like brochures, small format publications, posters, loose leaves, etc.
 * Francisco-Jordá-en-el-Museo-Arqueológico-de-Asturias_copia.jpgAL FUND. The general fund of the library is formed by monographs and reference works. There are about 9.000 volumes that covers all the areas of knowledge, although history and art are the most represented, specially referred to Asturias. The typologies are varied: manuals, memories of archaeological excavations, catalogues of exhibitions, museums, records of congresses, thesis, tesinas, homages, etc. The Archaeologic Museum of Asturias has the function, conferred by the Law 1/2001 of Cultural Heritage, of protect all the rests and archaeological objects that are exhumed in the excavations that makes the Princedom of Asturias. It also has the obligation to carry out the promotion of the investigation and Asturian archaeology. In relation with this function, in the collection abound the Excavations Memories and the monographic studies of archeological sites that attract many requests of query from users. Since the 1980s, the increase of the management archaeology and the projects and archaeologic plans, as well as the interventions of conservation and monument restoration in all the country, propitiated a big development of publications that collects the plans and memories. Cultural Heritage services of each region develop and issue publications and newsletters with this detailed information for its diffusion, as the result of a lot of archeological sites needs years of excavation campaigns.
 * PERIODIC PUBLICATIONS. It has an important collection formed by of 152 titles in permanent growth. A great part of the fund enters through the agreements of exchange, with more than 70 Spanish and foreign institutions. Some are previous to 1900, like the Bulletin of the Academy of the History, the Bulletin of the Spanish Society of Excursions : Art, Archaeology, History or the Bulletin of the Royal Academy of Saint Fernando, The Galician and Asturian illustration, the Magazine of Archives, Libraries and Museums, etc. During the first 30 years of the 20th century, the most frequent titles are, between others, Revue of synthèse historique, Upper Board of Excavations and Antiquities, Museum : monthly magazine of ancient and modern Spanish art and of the contemporary artistic life. Since 1944 there is a strong worry to keep alive the collections and acquire new titles, which enters by purchase. Magazines of institutions that have established exchange agreements, enters by donation, ensuring its continuity: Artistic Historical bulletin of Lugo, Hispanic Archaeologic Record, Annals of the Museum of the Spanish Village, Spanish Archive of Archaeology, Hispanic Archaeologic Newscast etc. However, in the last years, the economic crisis affected a lot the budget items for the editions in paper, so since the last three or four years, it is frequent the query of digital magazines through the website of the institutions.
 * OTHER MATERIALS. In the library is also deposited the Archive of CPMHA with documentation from 1840, that occupies 30 files. It also has ancient photographs, drawings, diplomas, pictures, plates, local newspapers, etc. The modern images' archive of the museum, houses an approximate collection of 5.000 photographies of pieces and archaeological materials.

Users
The library of the Archaeologic Museum of Asturias is dedicated to these users:
 * Personal of the own museum.
 * Students of History of Art, History, and museology.
 * Cultural informers and tourist guides.
 * University professors.
 * Archaeologists and historians that collaborate with the museum in various activities.
 * Researchers.
 * Users interested in the local history.
 * Other institutions that demands the information for any of its users.
 * External technicians that organizes exhibitions about a determinate time and territory.

Services
The library of the Archaeologic Museum is today different from what it was some years ago, and no precisely for its bibliographic fund, but for the service provided. it has become a space for the researchers community. In the same way that museums are no longer institutions that accumulate and classify objects, libraries are not book warehouses for the exclusive use of the conservatives.

History of the museum

The precedent for the current museum lies in the Provincial Commission on Monuments, created in 1845, which carried out the first actions to protect the monuments and cultural heritage of Asturias, opening the first museum in 1870 in the Convent of San Francisco, which has since ceased to exist, with pieces collected throughout the Asturian region as well as from private donations.

The current museum dates from 1944, although it was not opened to the public until 1952 in the cloister of the former Monastery of San Vicente. The collection has since grown due to excavations, donations and purchases of pieces. Given the condition of the building, in 1998  the Ministry of Culture started the process of refurbishing and expanding the museum. Works to carry out the project designed by architects Fernando Pardo Calvo and Bernardo García Tapia were begun in 2004. After an investment of 16 million euros, the remodeling has increased the museum's gross floor area to 5,810 m², of which 2,013 m² are dedicated to its permanent exhibition.

At the same time, these works led to the discovery of a 1.6 m-high bastion from the original 8th-century wall that surrounded Oviedo. The arcades of the cloister rest on the remains of this city wall. The initial project for the works had to be modified to leave these parts of the wall exposed as yet another of the museum's treasures. The find supports historian Juan Uría Ríu's hypothesis regarding the course of this wall, erected in the times of Alfonso II.

History of the library
The library of the Archaeological Museum of Asturias was born with the Provincial Commission of Monuments, an organism created by the real Order of July 24, 1844. After the desamortización of the ecclesiastical possessions in 1836, it was necessary to organize a public system in order to protect the buildings and artistic objects that had become property of the State. It had the objective of the conserving cultural heritage, gathering data of the buildings, monuments and antiquities worthy of conservation, and also caring for books, documents, pictures, statues, medals, etc.

To know the life of the library, we have to follow the life of the museum marked by successive headquarters and events.

The Library in times of the COMMISSION MUSEUM (1844–1878)
The first collection was gathered 150 years ago and it started as an auxiliary library. It has been taken care by the University of Oviedo librarian Manuel de Prado y Tovía, encharged in 1854, and later by Aquilino Suárez Bárcena. In 1868, it was allocated, as the first building to house the collection of the museum and the library, the Chapel of the Third Order of the Convent of San Francisco of Oviedo whose reform and installation was prolonged for seven years.

The Library in times of the ANTIQUITIES MUSEUM (1878–1918)
On September 21, 1878, Day of Saint Mateo, the museum was opened with a simple installation, a total space of 124 m2. The Library was an attention focus in the museum, as it said Fermin Canella Secades in 1882: "it has enriched enough in these last years, with books of history, archaeology, fine arts, etc., and between these, we found the remarkable publication of architectural Monuments of Spain and a special section of works, brochures and historical asturian papers". Of this headquarters it moved in 1889 to the Normal Schools, with a space of 215 m2, formed by a playground and two rooms, one of them destined to archive and library and the other, to a living room of sessions. In 1902 the library opened to the public and to the loan, it turns into a circulating library. But the Normal Schools needed more space, so the library moved again.

The Library in times of the PROVINCIAL MUSEUM (1918–1951)
The building assigned in 1918 was provisional, and it was the low floor of the Dean's house, Benigno Rodríguez Pajares, in the plazuela de la Corrada del Obispo. From this moment the library, the archive and the collection of pieces of the museum remained there with restricted access; this situation propitiated the fact that the building did not suffer extreme damage by the violent attacks of the Revolution of October, in 1934 and the Civil War. In 1939, the Deputation took care of the reconstruction and restoration of the building of the Benedictine Monastery of Saint Vicente, the final site for the museum, with a work commissioned by the architect Luis Menéndez-Pidal.

The Library in times of the PROVINCIAL ARCHAEOLOGIC MUSEUM (1952–2003)
On San Mateo's day, in 1952 it was inaugurated the museum. In this new place, the library occupied an important place as the institution required. The control of the library is the director's function, as well as the management of the museum's collection. As well as the acquired funds, the library initiated a new stage with the deposit of bibliographic funds. With this new stage, it established relationships with national and foreign entities for the exchange of bulletins and qualified publications. In 1972 disappeared the commission and its functions were integrated by the Deputation. The competences of the Provincial Museum, were transferred in 1991 to the Government of the Asturias Princedom.

The Library in time of the ARCHAEOLOGIC MUSEUM OF ASTURIAS. (2011–)
After 8 years of closing and of internal work, on March 21, 2011, the Archaeologic Museum of Asturias reopened to the public in its historical headquarters, rehabilitated and expanded with a building of new plant. The museum, besides, endows of a modern permanent exhibition and of a group of public equipment and interns that will allow the suitable operation of the institution. With the renewal of the museum could say that the library incorporates to the modernity. The library opened to the public, its catalogues were accessible in the network and its historical bottoms have begun to digitalize.

The building

Since 1952, the museum has occupied the cloister of the former Monastery of San Vicente, a building with a complex history related to the origin of the city. The cloister was declared a national monument in 1934

The Monastery of San Vicente is believed to have been founded in 761, during the reign of Fruela I. Only remnants of that first building have survived. However, the cloister, begun in the 1530s under the direction of master builder Juan de Badajoz, the Younger and completed by Juan de Cerecedo, the Elder and Juan de Cerecedo, the Younger in the 1570s, remains standing.

title: Archaeological Museum of Asturias


text:
User talk:Livef~enwiki

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User talk:Parik~enwiki

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User talk:TurtleEKH

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Providencia, Chile

Providencia (, Spanish: "providence") is a commune of Chile located in Santiago City. It is bordered by the communes of Santiago to the west, Recoleta to the northwest, Las Condes and Vitacura to the northeast, La Reina to the east, and Ñuñoa to the south. It belongs to the Northeastern zone of Santiago de Chile.

Providencia is home to a large upper middle to upper-class population and it holds the region's highest percentage of population over 60 (22%). It contains many high-rise apartment buildings as well as a significant portion of Santiago's commerce. It is notable for its large, old and elegant houses inhabited in the past by the Santiago elite and now mostly used as offices. The municipality is also home to many embassies, including those of Canada, Poland, Hungary, Italy, France, Egypt, Russia, Japan, China, and Uruguay. Providencia has one of the highest human development indexes of any city in Latin America.

Demographics

According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Providencia spans an area of 14.4 sqkm and has 120,874 inhabitants (53,082 men and 67,792 women), and the commune is an entirely urban area. The population grew by 8.7% (9,692 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.

Indicators

 * Area: 14.4 km2
 * Population: 126,436 (2009 projection)
 * Average annual household income: US$53,767 (PPP, 2006)
 * Population below poverty line: 3.5% (2006)
 * Regional quality of life index: 83.01, high, 5 out of 52 (2005)
 * Human Development Index: 0.911, 4 out of 341 (2003)

Notable residents

 * Patricio Aylwin, former president
 * Ricardo Lagos, former president
 * Gabriel Valdés, former senator

Administration
As a commune, Providencia is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2021 to 2024 alcaldesa is Evelyn Matthei (UDI). The communal council has the following members:

Chile Vamos
 * Manuel José Monckeberg (RN)
 * Cristofer Brunetti Nuñez (RN)
 * Raphael Bergoeing Vela (Evópoli)
 * Carolina Plaza Guzmán (UDI)

Other
 * Pablo Jaeger Cousiño (PDC)
 * Matías Bellolio Merino (REP)

Apruebo Dignidad
 * Tomás Echiburu Altamirano (RD)
 * Macarena Fernández Donoso (CS)
 * Luis Ibacache Silva (PC)

(Democratic Socialism)
 * Josefa Errazuriz Guilisasti (Independent)

Providencia belongs to Electoral District No. 10, with Santiago, Ñuñoa, La Granja, Macul and San Joaquín, and to the 7th (Senatorial) District (Santiago Metropolitan Region). It is represented in the Chamber of Deputies of the National Congress by the deputies Gonzalo Winter (CS), Jorge Alessandri Vergara (UDI), Johannes Kaiser (REP), María Luisa Cordero (IND), Lorena Fries (IND), Helia Molina (PPD), Alejandra Placencia (PC) and Emilia Schneider (COM).

The Directorate General of Civil Aviation has its headquarters in Providencia.

Landmarks
Providencia includes Barrio Bellavista, a bohemian area populated with artists and performers. The latter lies in the shadow of Cerro San Cristóbal, a prominent hill in the city topped by a 22 m statue of The Virgin Mary. The north of Providencia is its financial and commercial district (centred on Providencia and Nueva Providencia (Ex 11 de Septiembre) avenues), while the remainder of it contains high-priced residential development.

Other notable areas of interest in Providencia include the Metropolitan Zoo, the Teleférico (an aerial gondola) that transports people from the foot of Pedro de Valdivia Norte Street to the top of San Cristóbal Hill), several television networks and Radio Cooperativa.

title: Providencia, Chile


text:
Maria Alexandrovna Ulyanova

Maria Alexandrovna Ulyanova (Мария Александровна Ульянова; née Blank; 6 March 1835 – 25 July 1916) was the mother of Bolshevik revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, who in 1922 founded the Soviet Union.

She was born in Saint Petersburg as Maria Alexandrovna Blank, one of six children. Her father, Alexandr Dmitrievich Blank, was a well-to-do physician. Some researchers argue that he was a Jewish convert to Orthodox Christianity, while others say he was actually the descendant of German colonists invited to Russia by Catherine the Great. There is evidence that he was a Jewish convert to Christianity and that he was born as Srul Moshevich Blank also spelled Israil Moiseevich Blank. However, some historians argue this was another man by a similar name. Her mother, Anna Ivanovna Groschopf, was the daughter of a German-Swedish father, Johan Groschopf, and a Swedish Lutheran mother, Anna Östedt.

In 1838, Ulyanova's mother died and her father turned to his sister-in-law, Ekaterina von Essen, to help raise the children. Together they bought a country estate near Kazan and moved the family there.

Ulyanova was educated at home, studying German, French and English as well as Russian and Western literature. In 1863, she took an external degree and became an elementary school teacher. However, she would go on to dedicate most of her life to raising her children.

After marrying Ilya Nikolayevich Ulyanov, an upwardly mobile teacher of mathematics and physics, the couple lived in moderate prosperity in Penza. Later, they moved to Nizhny Novgorod and then Simbirsk, where Ulyanov took up a prestigious position as an inspector of primary schools.

Ulyanova displayed a courage and firmness in the face of tragedies and misfortunes that would haunt her family during her lifetime, namely: the deaths of her infant children, Olga and Nikolai, in 1869 and 1873, respectively; the death of her husband in 1886; the execution of her son, Aleksandr, in 1887; the death of her daughter, Olga, in 1891; and the multiple arrests and exiles of the rest of her children – Vladimir, Anna, Dmitry and Maria.

She went abroad twice to meet with Vladimir Lenin (to France in the summer of 1902 and Stockholm in the fall of 1910).

Family
She was married to Ilya Ulyanov from 1863 until his death in 1886. They had eight children, two of whom died as infants.
 * Anna (1864 – 1935)
 * Aleksandr (1866 – 1887)
 * Olga (1868 – 1869)
 * Vladimir (1870 – 1924)
 * Olga (1871 – 1891)
 * Nikolai (1873 – 1873)
 * Dmitri (1874 – 1943)
 * Maria (1878 – 1937)

title: Maria Alexandrovna Ulyanova


text:
User talk:Nileshkale

Welcome
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Hi!
Seems that you are interested in Maratha history as i am. Feel free to talk to me whenever required. I will be glad if i could be of any help. Try contributing and providing as many references as possible. Kesangh (talk) 14:40, 23 May 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nileshkale


text:
Lattice field theory

In physics, lattice field theory is the study of lattice models of quantum field theory. This involves studying field theory on a space or spacetime that has been discretised onto a lattice.

Details
Although most lattice field theories are not exactly solvable, they are immensely appealing due to their feasibility for computer simulation, often using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. One hopes that, by performing simulations on larger and larger lattices, while making the lattice spacing smaller and smaller, one will be able to recover the behavior of the continuum theory as the continuum limit is approached.

Just as in all lattice models, numerical simulation provides access to field configurations that are not accessible to perturbation theory, such as solitons. Similarly, non-trivial vacuum states can be identified and examined.

The method is particularly appealing for the quantization of a gauge theory using the Wilson action. Most quantization approaches maintain Poincaré invariance manifest but sacrifice manifest gauge symmetry by requiring gauge fixing. It's only after renormalization that gauge invariance can be recovered. Lattice field theory differs from these in that it keeps manifest gauge invariance, but sacrifices manifest Poincaré invariance—recovering it only after renormalization. The articles on lattice gauge theory and lattice QCD explore these issues in greater detail.

title: Lattice field theory


text:
Wickford

Wickford is a town and civil parish in the south of the English county of Essex, with a population of 33,486. Located approximately 30 miles (50 km) east of London, it is within the Borough of Basildon along with the original town of Basildon, Billericay, Laindon and Pitsea.

Wickford has a main high street which includes a wide range of shops. It also has a swimming pool, library, open-air market and a community centre within the vicinity of the town centre.

History
Wickford has a history going back over two thousand years. There is evidence that the area itself was inhabited in prehistoric times probably by a tribe of Britons called Trinovantes. There was a Roman military marching camp on the Beauchamps Farm site, which was succeeded by a Roman villa. This is now the site of Beauchamps High School. This area on higher ground was the historic core of Wickford, the site of the manor house and the parish church of St Catherine's. Over time, the commercial centre of Wickford has migrated westwards towards the modern High Street on the other side of the River Crouch.

The place name 'Wickford' is first attested in a Saxon charter of 995, where it appears as Wicford; it appears in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Wincfort. The name means 'ford by a wych elm or ford by a dairy-farm'.

Before the 20th century, Wickford was an agricultural village. At the time of the Domesday Survey, six land-holders were recorded. Historically, there have been only two considerable estates in Wickford: the manor of Wickford Hall and the manor of Stilemans. Robert Wikeford or de Wickford (c.1320–90), Archbishop of Dublin, was born in Wickford and his family are thought to have been Lords of the Manor of Wickford Hall.

Governance
Wickford was an ancient parish in the county of Essex and, from 1894, had a parish council. In 1934, the parish council was abolished when the town became part of Billericay Urban District. The civil parish was re-created on 1 April 2022. The first town councillors took office following an uncontested election in May 2022, and the council held its first meeting on 16 May 2022 at the Wick Community Centre.

American relations
The village of Wickford in Rhode Island, United States, is believed to have been named after this town.

Wickford was also the English birthplace of Elizabeth Reade (1615–72), the second wife of John Winthrop the Younger (1606–76), Governor of Connecticut; she was also a step-daughter of Hugh Peter (1598–1660), a prominent supporter of the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War.

Naturism
Wickford became the birthplace of Naturism in the United Kingdom; in 1924, the English Gymnosophist Society was formed and had its home in the town.

Second World War
During the Second World War, the edge of the town was hit by a German doodlebug and, on 6 December 1944, a V-2 rocket fell in Branksome Avenue, about a mile west of the town centre. Around the town, in amongst the hedgerows and fields, there are numerous pillboxes constructed as a part of British anti-invasion preparations.

1958 flood
In 1958, Wickford town centre was hit by a flood which made national news headlines. The most striking image of the flood was a double-decker bus, left stranded at Halls Corner overnight, partly submerged by the floodwater. A second flood, in 1960, meant that changes were made to the course of the River Crouch; this included turning the river into a concrete channel through the centre of the town, although this may be removed in the coming years, depending on the scale of the Wickford Masterplan (see below).

Geography

For the most part, Wickford is flat and 10 m above sea level. The highest point, on the outskirts of the town, is 74 m above sea level. The River Crouch flows through the town, from the west to the east. The River Wick flows into the River Crouch from the south.

The built-up area of Wickford extends into the neighbouring parishes of Runwell to the north and Shotgate to the east.

Wick Country Park
The Wick Country Park comprises 50 acre of former agricultural land, with over 2 km (1 1/4 miles) of easy access trails around the site. The trails leads visitors past old hedgerows, the 5 acre lake, ponds, World War II pillboxes and recent woodland plantings; bridges and boardwalks allow the trails to continue over the North Benfleet brook.

Neighbouring towns and villages

 * Basildon
 * Billericay
 * Rayleigh
 * South Woodham Ferrers
 * Battlesbridge
 * Crays Hill
 * Downham
 * Ramsden Bellhouse
 * Ramsden Crays
 * Ramsden Heath
 * Rawreth
 * Rettendon
 * Runwell
 * Shotgate
 * South Hanningfield
 * West Hanningfield

Railway

Wickford railway station is situated on the Shenfield to Southend Line, which provides services between London Liverpool Street and Southend Victoria. A journey to London takes approximately 40 minutes.

In addition, the Crouch Valley line has services between Wickford and Southminster.

Greater Anglia manages the station and operates all of its passenger services.

Buses
Bus services in Wickford are operated primarily by First Essex, but also by Stephensons of Essex and NIBS Buses.

Routes include:
 * 14 Wickford - Hanningfields - Chelmsford
 * 25 Basildon - Southend
 * 251 Warley - Brentwood - Wickford
 * X10 Basildon - Chelmsford - Stansted Airport

Roads
The town can be reached easily via the A127, which connects east London and Southend-on-Sea, and by the A130 from Chelmsford.

Media
Local TV coverage is provided by BBC London and ITV London which is received from the Crystal Palace TV transmitter. BBC East and ITV Anglia can also be received from the Sudbury TV transmitter.

Local radio stations are on BBC Essex on 95.3 FM, Heart East on 96.3 FM, and Gateway 97.8, a community based radio station which broadcast from Basildon on 97.8 FM.

The town is served by the local newspaper, Southend Echo.

The Master Plan

The Wickford Masterplan was first unveiled at the Wickford Community Centre in December 2004 and published in November 2005 by DTZ Pieda Consulting, at a budget of £125 million, and many of the developments are currently in progress. At the heart of the proposals is the redevelopment of the High Street, which will be redesigned to be the town's premier meeting place. The Masterplan would create new public spaces, enhance the retail environment through the renewal of retail floor space and bring the market into the street scene, promoting urban living above shops and on the existing market site.

Adjacent to the River Crouch, a number of high quality residential developments promoted as the "Town Centre Riverside Living" complex would revitalise the riverside as a public asset and promotion of new eating and drinking opportunities. In addition, a new residential development to the west of Market Avenue will be constructed.

Promoting the station entrances on both sides of the railway line as key gateways to Wickford are also key areas of the plan, which would enhance transport interchange facilities and bring forward the car park site on Station Road for development as a new multi-storey car park and mixed-use development. As of present only the northern side of the station facing The Broadway is easily accessible, with the southern London-bound track only accessible from the outside though a small out-of-way footpath from Market Avenue as a courteous entrance for wheelchair-using passengers.

Public and health services would be improved under the scheme, with the re-organisation of existing health, library and community services into a new 'iconic' building to the east of Market Avenue as an integrated community service facility.

The Eastern Extension would create a better presence and new linkages to the east of the town centre by redeveloping the car park into a multi-storey development with residential and live-work uses and a new housing scheme to the east of Wickford Bypass. The Southern Gateway area, which surrounds London Road and the southern end of the High Street, are also planned to undergo a transition with a strong leisure and recreational theme, building on existing eating and drinking facilities and incorporating compatible residential uses.

Overall 650 apartments are planned to be built as part of the Masterplan as officially stated by councillor Tony Ball, although other sources opposed to the project claim this figure is closer to 735.

Opposition
The Masterplan has met with resistance with many residents of Wickford, mainly due to overall cost, and also the fear from some older residents that raising the level of the river could see repeats of the floods in 1958 and 1960.

There have also been criticism over the number of developments being constructed, which some say threaten to overdevelop and cause environmental and aesthetic damage to the town centre whilst providing minimal improvements to public services; one such group is the Wickford Action Group who has campaigned against many of the revisions made prior to the public approval of the plan.

Progress
Construction began in earnest in February 2007, which saw the demolition of many of the buildings in Lower Southend Road to make way for a new residential area. As of December 2009 this development has been partially completed (Riverside Place phase 1 + Riverside Court), however the compulsory purchase order of the post sorting office has been withdrawn leaving the fate of Riverside Place Phase 2 in doubt.

As of April 2010, the whole of the Masterplan project is facing serious delays and construction has halted due to the global financial crisis. In May 2009 the construction company Bradgate Developments released a statement assuring residents the project was still on track.

Proposed super-max prison
Plans to build a prison capable of accommodating up to 1,500 inmates on land formerly of the Runwell Hospital mental institute were scrapped. The land is now a housing estate.

Notable people

 * Jordan Banjo
 * Robert Wikeford or de Wickford, (1330–1390), Archbishop of Dublin, was born in Wickford, where his family are said to have been Lords of the Manor of Wickford Hall.
 * Chantelle Houghton, winner of Celebrity Big Brother 2006 lives in Wickford.
 * Capital Radio Afternoon DJ Chris Brooks lives in Wickford.
 * Southend United's previous manager Steve Tilson.
 * Comedy Actors/writers Rhys Thomas and Tony Way are both from Wickford.
 * Tony Stockwell – A British author, television personality and psychic medium.
 * Ryan Cleary (hacker)
 * Jon Morter (notable for the Rage Against the Machine and The Justice Collective UK Christmas No.1 singles) used to run a Rock music night in Wickford.
 * Julian Dicks, former West Ham United and Liverpool FC footballer lives in Wickford.

title: Wickford


text:
Vicki Gabereau

Vicki Gabereau (born May 31, 1946) is a Canadian radio and television personality, best known for her longtime association with CBC Radio and her television talk show which aired on CTV from 1997 to 2005.

Biography
Vicki Frances Filion was born in Vancouver. Her father's best friend, author Pierre Berton, was influential in her life, exposing Gabereau to the greatest intellectuals and stars of the 1950s and 1960s.

Gabereau moved to Toronto at age 18 for university. While there she married Michel Gabereau and worked a variety of jobs, including working as a professional clown at Puck Rent-a-Fool. In that capacity, she ran for Mayor of Toronto in the 1974 municipal election under the pseudonym "Rosy Sunrise". She then worked in radio, hosting her first talk show for a station in Brampton, Ontario in 1975. She later joined the CBC as an archivist, and became host of CBC Radio's Variety Tonight in 1981.

She won an ACTRA Award for Best Radio Host or Interviewer at the 13th ACTRA Awards in 1984, for her work on Variety Tonight. She was also nominated, but did not win, at the 12th ACTRA Awards in 1983, and at the 14th ACTRA Awards in 1985.

In 1985, after the cancellation of Variety Tonight she became host of Gabereau, a daily interview show. The show aired in the same time slot as Variety Tonight for its first season. In January 1986 she announced that she would be leaving the show at the end of the season to pursue other interests; she was ultimately convinced to change her mind and remain with the network, although her show moved to a weekly airing on Saturdays and its nightly time slot was taken over by Stan Carew's new Prime Time. It returned to daily airing again in 1988 as an afternoon show.

She was one of the CBC's most popular and beloved hosts until her departure in 1997, when she moved to CTV, for which she hosted a television talk show, The Vicki Gabereau Show, for eight seasons.

Her radio program was replaced in the fall of 1997 by Richardson's Roundup, hosted by Bill Richardson. She published an autobiography, This Won't Hurt a Bit, and a cookbook collecting some of her favourite recipes sent in by her CBC radio listeners.

In 2005, she was named by ACTRA as the recipient of its John Drainie Award for lifetime achievement in Canadian broadcasting.

In 2013, it was announced that a retired Gabereau had partnered with a childhood friend to launch a shoe company called VG Shoes.

She makes regular fundraising appearances on the Knowledge Network and is a three-time ACTRA Award winner for best radio host-interviewer.

She has two children, Morgan Gabereau and Eve Gabereau, a step-daughter and five grandchildren.

title: Vicki Gabereau


text:
Crime (International Co-operation) Act 2003

The Crime (International Co-operation) Act 2003 (c.32) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom covering mutual assistance in criminal matters.