text: Category:Iranian scientists

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Iranian scientists


text:
Talk:Your mamma

I especially like the "casting dispersions" part! But couldn't we have some better snaps, please. These are too elaborate and lame. Wetman 03:04, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Meelar, please don't destroy information. The two articles should be merged and kept separate form Joke article. It is a common rule in wikipedia: when an article grows large, it is split in smaller ones or spins off smaller ones, "mother" article keeping a summary only. Mikkalai 01:40, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Since there wasn't much info in this article, I moved what was here into the joke section. I didn't think there was any information destroyed. Was there? [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 03:40, Oct 29, 2004 (UTC)

Duplication
I deleted all of the following. Much of this information is directly related to the dozens and already appears there. This is an article on "Your mom" ... something. Which, it seems to me, is rather a strange thing -- an article on a phrase. (Is it "your mom jokes"?) Examples here should be of British humor -- and not recycled African-American humor. I'm not a Brit, so I don't know if these witticisms are used in competitive word play (as in the dozens) or not. I just don't know.

It may be my ignorance, but this article, frankly, seems a bit unnecessary. If the "your mom," uh, jokes (or whatever), are simply the British take on the dozens, it might make more sense make this a redirect page and integrate whatever original information there is in this into the "dozens" article under an appropriate subhead. If they're simply jokes, then include them under joke.

The only reason I suggested removing "the dozens" from the joke article in the first place was that the dozens is something other than just tossing off one-liners. And they certainly didn't fit under the subhead "ethnic jokes," because ethnic jokes typically make a particular ethnic group the butt of jokes, based on certain stereotypes. The dozens clearly doesn't fit.

Again, if this is a British version of the dozens, then I suggest making this a redirect page and including this info in that particular article. This doesn't seem to make much sense. deeceevoice 07:49, 26 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Deleted:

Alternative hip hop group The Pharcyde released a song on their debut album Bizarre Ride II the Pharcyde entitled "Yo Mama", the lyrics of which consisted entirely of "your mom" jokes.

This is a list of Yo' Mama jokes, a kind of humor in "playing the dozens".

Examples

 * "Yo mamma is so fat that when she lies around the house, she lies around the house."
 * "Yo mamma is so fat she plays pool with the planets."
 * "Yo mamma is so fat when I said it was chilly outside, she grabbed a spoon and ran out the door!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat she could sell shade!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat when she hauls ass, she gotta take two trips!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat when she wears a red dress, people yell, "Hey, Kool-aid!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat her favorite food is seconds!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat when she goes to the zoo, elephants throw HER peanuts!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat when she jumps into the air, she gets stuck!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat when she goes to the beach, the tide comes in!"
 * "Yo mamma is so fat she broke her leg, and gravy poured out."
 * "Yo mamma is so fat her blood type is gravy."
 * "Yo mamma is so fat when she takes a shower her feet don't get wet!"
 * "Yo mamma is so dirty that they use her bathwater to dye bowling balls."
 * "Yo mamma is so old, her breastmilk is powder."
 * "Yo mamma is so old when God said "let there be light", she flipped the switch!
 * "Yo mamma is so poor when she goes to KFC she licks other people's fingers!"
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid she sits on the T.V. and watches the couch!"
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid it took her 2 hours to watch 60 Minutes!"
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid that she puts lipstick on her head just to make-up her mind."
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid you have to dig for her IQ!"
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid she got locked in a grocery store and starved!"
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid that she sold the car for gas money."
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid she could trip over a cordless phone!"
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid she bought a solar-powered flashlight!"
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid she took a ruler to bed to see how long she slept."
 * "Yo mamma is so stupid she thinks Tupac Shakur is a Jewish holiday."
 * "Yo mamma is so bald you can see what she thinkin'."

Additionally, phrases like "That's what yo' mamma said last night!" are often used as retorts or comebacks, usually in a joking way.

 * "Hey, lay off of my mamma!"
 * "Why? I laid on her all last night!"

"Your face" is a common substitute for "your mom."

See also: Yo Mama's Last Supper

deeceevoice 07:39, 26 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Deeceevoice, please read this quote from above:

"Meelar, please don't destroy information. The two articles should be merged and kept separate form Joke article. It is a common rule in wikipedia: when an article grows large, it is split in smaller ones or spins off smaller ones, "mother" article keeping a summary only. Mikkalai 01:40, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)"

--Jrobinson5 18:54, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)

--- Jrobinson, I've already read it. There is very little in this article that indicates it should be anything other than simply a subhead of the dozens. Much of the information is duplicative, much of it relates to African-American culture -- and nothing else. The information that relates to British "your mom" variants is already included in [the dozens]]. This article should never have existed in the first place. If you remove all the verbiage that is African-American, the piece doesn't stand well on its own. It should exist as a redirect page -- and nothing else. deeceevoice 19:39, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * J, my comment was made when someone simply deleted the contents and redirected to Joke. Deece is in process of merging of two relevant aricles, which is OK. Mikkalai 20:05, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Page name
Shouldn't this be at Your momma or Your mama? I've NEVER heard anyone say "your mom" when running the dozens. --FuriousFreddy 16:13, 1 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Yeah, I chaned it around. It's more friendly for B-en folks as well. --ben dummett 02:08, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * its better now, yeah. Its still Yer ma to me though :p --Kiand 02:12, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

African American prevalence?
The fact that these jokes are more prevalent in African American communities may be because of their matriarchal family structures where single mothers are often left to raise children.

What is the support for this claim? Even if there is no study backing this, it would at least be nice to cite some reputable person or body that makes this claim. Simply stating it without attributing the opinion to someone makes it seem factual, when it is really just speculation.

title: Talk:Your mamma


text: Category:Banks of Iran

title: Category:Banks of Iran


text: User talk:68.150.156.7

title: User talk:68.150.156.7


text:
7L & Esoteric

7L & Esoteric (7LES) are an American underground hip hop duo from Boston, Massachusetts, known for battle rhymes and boom bap production. 7L is the duo's DJ/producer and Esoteric is the MC. 7L & Esoteric are both prominent members of underground hip-hop collectives Army of the Pharaohs and Demigodz, as well as being 2/3 of Czarface along with Wu-Tang Clan member Inspectah Deck.

The Soul Purpose, Dangerous Connection & DC2: Bars of Death (2000–2005)
7L & Esoteric released their debut LP The Soul Purpose in the summer of 2001. The single "Call Me E.S." charted at #83 on the Billboard hip-hop singles chart.

Czarface & Every Hero Needs a Villain (2011–present)
In 2011, it was announced that 7L & Esoteric have formed a hip hop trio with Wu-Tang Clan member Inspectah Deck called Czarface and that they were working on a self-titled debut album. The album was released on February 19, 2013. The album features guest appearances from Roc Marciano, Oh No, Ghostface Killah, Action Bronson, Cappadonna and Vinnie Paz. The album's production comes from 7L, Spada4 and DJ Premier. In 2014, 7L produced the track The King's Curse on the Army of the Pharaohs album Heavy Lies the Crown, their second album in 2014 (next to In Death Reborn). Esoteric has a verse on the track, which makes it the first appearance of the duo together since the Czarface album. Later that year, the duo appeared on a track called Hard Hats and Timbs from the EP Year of the Hyenas by Army of the Pharaohs rappers Reef the Lost Cauze and King Syze. The track features raps from Esoteric and production from 7L.

A sequel to Czarface called Every Hero Needs a Villain was released on June 16, 2015. The album's first single, "Deadly Class" (featuring Meyhem Lauren), was released on April 7, 2015.

Studio albums

 * Speaking Real Words EP – Direct Records / Landspeed 1999
 * The Soul Purpose – Direct Records / Landspeed 2001
 * Dangerous Connection – Brick Records 2002
 * DC2: Bars of Death – Babygrande Records 2004
 * A New Dope – Babygrande Records 2006
 * Dope Not Hype (mixtape, limited pressing) – 2006
 * 1212 – Fly Casual Creative 2010

Compilations

 * Rebel Alliance LP – Brick Records 1996
 * DJ Revolution – R2K – 1999
 * DJ Spinna presents – Urban Theory – Beat Suite – 2000
 * Moment of Rarities – Babygrande Records 2005

Collaborations

 * Demigodz – The Godz Must Be Crazy EP – 2002 (Ill Boogie)
 * Vinyl Thug Music (7L & Beyonder) – Vinyl Thug Music – 2003
 * Vinyl Thug Music (7L & Beyonder) – Welcome to Shaftville U.S.A. – 2005
 * Army of the Pharaohs – The Torture Papers – 2006 (Babygrande Records)
 * Army of the Pharaohs – Ritual of Battle – 2007 (Babygrande Records)
 * East Coast Avengers – Prison Planet – 2008 (Esoteric, Tha Trademarc, DC The Midi Alien)
 * Army of the Pharaohs – The Unholy Terror – 2010 (Babygrande/Enemy Soil)
 * Demigodz – Killmatic – 2013 (Dirty Version)
 * Esoteric & Stu Bangas – Machete Mode – 2013 (Man Bites Dog)
 * Army of the Pharaohs – In Death Reborn – 2014 (Enemy Soil)
 * Army of the Pharaohs – Heavy Lies the Crown  – 2014 (Enemy Soil)
 * Czarface – Czarface (with Inspectah Deck as Czarface) – 2013 (Brick Records)
 * Czarface – Every Hero Needs a Villain (with Inspectah Deck as Czarface) – 2015 (Brick Records)
 * Czarface – A Fistful of Peril (with Inspectah Deck as Czarface) – 2016 (Silver Age)
 * Czarface & MF DOOM – Czarface Meets Metal Face – 2018 (Get on Down)
 * Czarface & Ghostface Killah – Czarface Meets Ghostface – 2019 (Silver Age)
 * Czarface – The Odd Czar Against Us – 2019 (Silver Age)
 * Czarface & MF DOOM – Super What? – 2021 (Silver Age)
 * Czarface – Czarmageddon! – 2022 (Silver Age)

title: 7L & Esoteric


text:
Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Ainsworth Rand Spofford (September 12, 1825 – August 11, 1908) was an American journalist, prolific writer and the sixth Librarian of Congress. He served as librarian from 1864 to 1897 under the administration of ten presidents. A great admirer of Benjamin Franklin, he wrote a twenty-one page introduction in Franklin's autobiography, which he edited and published.

Early life
Spofford was born in Gilmanton, New Hampshire. Ill health prevented him from attending Amherst College. He instead, at age 19, moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he became a bookseller, publisher, and newspaper man at The Cincinnati Commercial Tribune.

In 1849, Spofford founded the Literary Club of Cincinnati with John Celivergos Zachos, Stanley Matthews and nine others. Prominent members included Rutherford B. Hayes and Alphonso Taft; notable club guests Ralph Waldo Emerson, Booker T. Washington, Mark Twain, and Robert Frost. In 1850 prominent abolitionist and woman's rights activist John Celivergos Zachos named his son Ainsworth to honor Spofford.

In 1851, in response to the Fugitive Slave Law, he published the pamphlet The Higher Law, Tried by Reason and Authority, which argued that "Injustice is the only treason; no law can legalize it, no constitution can sanction it." Readers included Emerson, who shared Spofford's antislavery principles. In 1859 Spofford became associate editor of the Cincinnati Commercial. He was also active in Republican politics and was a delegate to the 1856 Republican National Convention, where John C. Frémont was nominated.

While in Washington, D.C., in 1861, shortly after reporting on the First Battle of Bull Run for The Cincinnati Commercial, Spofford accepted the position of Chief Assistant Librarian of Congress under the Librarian of Congress John G. Stephenson. Once Spofford learned of the impending retirement of Stephenson, Spofford gathered enough political endorsements for the position, which later led President Abraham Lincoln to promote Spofford to the post of Librarian of Congress in 1864.

He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1873.

Librarian of Congress
Spofford served as the Librarian of Congress from 1864 to 1897, a tenure that saw the expansion of the library's collections and notable changes in its methods of collection development. According to the library's published history, Spofford contributed to the Jeffersonian vision for the library that a "democratic form of government depended on a comprehensive base of knowledge and information."

Spofford is generally credited with overseeing the expansion of the Library from a Congressional resource into a national institution. During his tenure, the library's collection expanded from over 60,000 items to more than one million. Among his more noted acquisitions was the purchase of a vast collection of early American archives from noted archivist Peter Force. Spofford's hopes were to follow the great library models of Europe, in which "the library would be a comprehensive collection of the literature of the nation." Beginning in the 1830s, the Library of Congress began to receive foreign governmental documents and publications. By the late 1860s, Spofford convinced Congress to allow the library to become the repository for international documents. He stated that "there is almost no work, within the vast range of literature and science, which may not at some time prove useful to the legislature of a great nation." Spofford's championing of the copyright law, passed on July 8, 1870, also expanded the library's collection through the copyright registration deposit mandate. The law "centralized all U.S. copyright registration and deposit activities at the Library." and stipulated that two copies of every "book pamphlet, map, print, photograph, and piece of music registered for copyright be deposited in the Library." In arguing for the deposit requirement, Spofford suggested that the legislature would "provide a repository of American culture." In his argument for the copyright law to Congress, he wrote that "the Public intelligence and welfare are promoted by every extension of the means of acquiring knowledge." The law established the library as the de facto national library of the United States and "essentially resolved [any] debate over which institution would serve as America's national library."

Spofford had persuaded Congress to expand the library's space within the Capitol in 1865. As it was becoming the nation's copyright depository happened at about the same time as two major acquisitions: Congress authorized the transfer of the Smithsonian Institution's collection to the Library of Congress and the purchase of the large private collection of Peter Force. Subsequently, the library quickly outgrew its new space, and Spofford proposed construction of a new building for the Library in 1872. Congress quickly agreed, but the project was bogged down in bickering over details. As the collection outgrew the space for it, books and boxes piled conspicuously on the floor. Members of Congress who used the library could hardly find room to work. Although everyone recognized the need for a new building, it took more than a decade to resolve all the issues. Finally, Congress appropriated funds for the new building in 1886. A dispute with the architect further delayed the start of construction until 1888. The building was finally completed in 1897 and is now known as the Thomas Jefferson Building.

In 1897, Spofford stepped aside in favor of a younger librarian, John Russell Young, and returned to his old post of Chief Assistant Librarian, where he remained until his death. Spofford also held a post as professor and department head of library science at the Columbian University in Washington, D.C. During his retirement, Spofford wrote and published A Book for All Readers, and was described by the New York Times as "written from the fullness of knowledge and experience of a veteran librarian for the guidance of younger members of his chosen profession."

Works by Spofford

 * Autobiography. Poor Richard. Letters. (New York, D. Appleton and company, (1899)
 * A book for all readers, (New York London, G. P. Putnam's sons, (1900)
 * The coming of the white man, and the founding of the national capital, (Washington, D. C., The Academy, 1900)
 * Celebration of the one hundredth anniversary of the establishment of the seat of government in the District of Columbia. (1901)
 * The copyright system of the United States--its origin and its growth. (1892)
 * Eminent and representative men of Virginia and the District of Columbia in the nineteenth century. With a concise historical sketch of Virginia. (1893)
 * The founding of Washington city, (1881)
 * Handbook of the new Library of Congress. (1899)
 * A handy book of reference on all subjects and for all readers. (1900)
 * Library of choice literature and encyclopaedia of universal authorship; selected from the standard authors of all nations and all time. (1895)
 * The life and labors of Peter Force, mayor of Washington. (1898)
 * Massachusetts in the American Revolution, (1895)
 * Memorial of Dr. Joseph M. Toner. (1898)
 * The New cabinet cyclopædia and treasury of knowledge. A handy book of reference on all subjects and for all readers. With about two thousand pictorial illustrations, a complete atlas of sixty-four colored maps, and one hundred maps in the text. (1892)
 * Virginia Three Hundred Years Ago (1908)

Posthumous reception
While doing research on Spofford, John Y. Cole discovered that while Ainsworth's ashes were interred at Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C., his tombstone was blank, although his wife's name was there. Spofford was also not listed in the cemetery's handout that noted the famous people buried there. Although Cole was responsible for bringing this to the attention of some Spofford descendants, nothing was done to correct this until 2004, when John Spofford Morgan, Ainsworth Spofford's great-grandson (1917–2015), saw to it that the situation was remedied. Today, the tombstone reads, "Ainsworth Rand Spofford, 1825–1908, Librarian of Congress, 1864–1897, Appointed by President Lincoln." His name is also now listed in the cemetery's handout on notable figures whose tombstones can be viewed there.

title: Ainsworth Rand Spofford


text:
White-Westinghouse

White-Westinghouse is an American home appliance brand used under license by trademark owner Westinghouse Licensing Corporation. It was created in 1975 when White Consolidated Industries bought the Westinghouse Electric Corporation's major appliance business. White Consolidated Industries was in turn acquired by Electrolux in 1986.

Electrolux made White-Westinghouse branded appliances as recently as 2006.

History
Westinghouse entered the major appliance industry by acquiring the "Copeman Electric Stove Company" in 1917. It later moved production from Flint, Michigan to Mansfield, Ohio. Copeman had begun manufacturing its first electric ranges in 1914. Electric ranges were first demonstrated by Thomas Ahearn in 1892, gained in popularity as electrification became widespread throughout the United States.

The company claims to have made several important innovations:
 * 1930s refrigerators with sealed refrigeration units
 * 1930s room air conditioners
 * 1930s portable dishwashers
 * 1939 automatic washing machine that was not bolted to the floor.
 * 1950s auto-defrost refrigerators.

The company manufactured both large and small appliances for many years. Appliances bearing the White-Westinghouse name were made by Electrolux after 1998 under license from Paramount Global through its Westinghouse brand management subsidiary.

In the mid-1990s, household products and electronics bearing the White-Westinghouse name were sold by Kmart stores in the United States. This essentially gave Kmart a private-label brand in the value category for household goods. This agreement was between Windmere-Durable Holdings, Salton/Maxim Housewares and New M-Tech Corp., who licensed the name from the then Westinghouse Electric. Most larger-sized TVs were relabeled models produced by Daewoo Electronics Corp. This partnership dissolved in the early 2000s and many of the products were discontinued or switched to Kmart's "Home Essentials" brand. Televisions continued to be produced by Daewoo, but were re-labeled as Curtis-Mathes, another brand licensed to Kmart for a brief period of time.

title: White-Westinghouse


text: Category:New York Mets managers

title: Category:New York Mets managers


text:
2004 European Grand Prix

The 2004 European Grand Prix (officially the 2004 Formula 1 Allianz Grand Prix of Europe) was a Formula One motor race held on 30 May 2004 at the Nürburgring. It was Race 7 of 18 in the 2004 FIA Formula One World Championship.

Friday drivers
The bottom 6 teams in the 2003 Constructors' Championship were entitled to run a third car in free practice on Friday. These drivers drove on Friday but did not compete in qualifying or the race.

Background
Michael Schumacher in the drivers' championship with twelve points ahead of Rubens Barrichello and with 18 points ahead of Jenson Button. In the constructors' championship, Ferrari led Renault with 36 points and BAR-Honda with 48 points.

Earlier in the week, Williams announced important changes to its technical organization chart. After 26 years, in fact, Patrick Head left the position of technical director, being replaced by Sam Michael, previously responsible for track operations. The replacement was also due to growing tensions between the English team and the BMW engine engineer, dissatisfied with the negative results in the first part of the season.

Qualifying
Michael Schumacher dominated qualifying and obtained his fifth pole position of the season with an advantage of more than six tenths over the second best time, set by Sato. Sato broke the overall lap record with a time of 1:27.691 in the first qualifying session, and also took his first front row start.

Race
At the start, Michael Schumacher retained the lead, behind the German driver Trulli overtook Sato, who, however, gave the place back to his rival in the first corner. Further back, Montoya was too late when braking for the corner: the Colombian ended up ramming his teammate Ralf Schumacher, who in turn hit da Matta's Toyota. The latter and the German driver had to abandon the race, while Montoya returned to the pits with a damaged front wing and rejoined the race in last place.

A few corners after the start, Sato braked and Trulli took the opportunity to take second place. However, the Japanese didn't give up and continued to have a heated duel with Trulli, in which he ultimately got the upper hand and Trulli lost places. At the end of the first lap, Michael Schumacher crossed the finish line ahead of Räikkönen, Alonso, Sato, Barrichello, Button and Trulli. The German Ferrari driver was significantly faster than Räikkönen, on whom he gained almost two seconds per lap. The Finn acted as a blocker against the chasing group, which was significantly faster, but could not overtake him and thus fell significantly behind Michael Schumacher.

Michael Schumacher opened the first series of pit stops on the 8th lap. A lap later, Räikkönen also refueled, and shortly after leaving the pits he parked his McLaren at the side of the track with a broken engine. In the following laps, all drivers made their first stop, with the exception of Barrichello, Coulthard and Fisichella, who started with a two-stop strategy. The Brazilian then led for a few laps before refueling on lap 16. The last driver to make his first stop was Fisichella on lap 24. Michael Schumacher continued to lead the race ahead of Sato, Barrichello, Button, Trulli, Alonso and Webber. Further back, Montoya struggled to recover from the first lap accident, while Coulthard retired after having to retire with engine failure like his teammate.

The second set of stops allowed Barrichello to overtake Sato; Behind the Japanese were Button, Trulli, Alonso and Webber. Virtually nothing happened until lap 42, when Alonso opened the third and final series of pit stops. Barrichello overtook Sato again, but the Japanese driver, who had less fuel on board, attacked him on lap 46. Sato's action was unsuccessful and in the end the two came into contact: the BAR driver damaged his front wing, while Barrichello's car suffered no significant damage. Sato returned to the pits to change the nose, but shortly afterwards his car's gearbox gave up. Button moved up to third place. There were no further notable events and Michael Schumacher won the sixth of seven races since the start of the season; Behind him were Barrichello, Button, Trulli, Alonso, Fisichella, Webber and Montoya.

Schumacher and Barrichello left the champagne unsprayed after the death of former Fiat chairman Umberto Agnelli, who had died of lymphatic cancer aged 69 on 27 May.

Qualifying

 * Notes
 * – Mark Webber initially set a lap time of (1:30.797), but received a one-second time penalty for ignoring yellow flags in practice.
 * – Zsolt Baumgartner, David Coulthard, Giancarlo Fisichella and Gianmaria Bruni received a 10-place grid penalty for engine changes.
 * – Gianmaria Bruni had his time set (1:34.022) canceled for leaving the pits with the red light on.

Championship standings after the race

 * Drivers' Championship standings

 * Constructors' Championship standings

 * Note: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings.

title: 2004 European Grand Prix


text: Category:Olympic swimmers for Canada

title: Category:Olympic swimmers for Canada


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Billary

Billary
Term used to refer to Bill and Hillary Clinton. Used in pop culture to denote the influence of Bill Clinton in Hillary Clinton's campaign (i.e. it is not just Hillary running for president).

 * And in a burst of Cartesian logic, he ceased to exist. Delete. --jpgordon {gab} 03:47, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. "billary clinton" does get about 2,000 Google hits, but I doubt this is sufficiently pop-cultural-phenomenal enough to merit mention in an article on Hillary Clinton, let alone one of its own. In another twenty years, will anybody care? By comparison, the endearing "Steverino Allen" gets 500 hits. --NathanHawking 07:10, 2004 Oct 17 (UTC)
 * Delete. non-notable slang dict. def. Not encyclopedic. jni 12:36, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Does deserve mention in one of the Clinton articles. As well-known as "Dubya" or "Bubba." Just not worthy of an article of its own. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 18:38, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * actually, no. i've never heard of it before.  plus google begs to differ: google 'bubba clinton' 66,000 hits; google 'billary clinton' 2,000 hits; google 'dubya bush' 221,000 hits.
 * I take no stance on whether or not it needs preserving, but one would just search "Billary," since the term is used for both of them (i.e. cut the "Clinton"). It has been used quite a bit, but pretty much always by hate speakers. ("She runs the office!  It's her!")  Geogre 13:24, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * i think you're confused by the single 'quotes' above, the actual searches aren't in "quotes" (and her name is clinton too). but ok, 4500 hits on google 'billary'.  still not anywhere as well-known as the others.
 * Delete. Mildly amusing, politically motivated neologism. Andrewa 20:55, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. We had enough of this guy back then; the whole business will be forgotten. — Bill 21:07, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, but is notable enough of a phrase to merit a mention in some Clinton article or other. -Sean Curtin 03:54, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable term. --*drew 13:28, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge... the sexist right-wing term with Bill Clinton's article. I would imagine it's notable enough, (as an example of how stupid people are). func(talk) 02:08, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Billary


text:
Eden Colvile

Eden Colvile (12 February 1819 – 2 April 1893) was a businessman primarily notable as the governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, a huge organisation set up for the North American fur trade but also instrumental in the early history of Canada.

Family background
Colvile was born at Langley Farm, part of the Langley Park Estate, near Beckenham, Kent, England, son of Andrew Colvile and Mary Louisa Eden. His father was a merchant and member of board of the Hudson's Bay Company. His mother was fifth daughter of William Eden, 1st Baron Auckland, and thus connected to an influential family of politicians and diplomats.

Eden Colville was one of four brothers and 12 sisters:

 * 1) Eleanor Colvile (1808–1824)
 * 2) James William Colvile (1810–1880) was a lawyer, civil servant and then judge in India, and a judge on the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, the court of last resort for the British colonies.
 * 3) John Colvile (1811–1830)
 * 4) Isabella Colvile (1812–1896) married a clergyman in rural England and was the mother of Francis Marindin, a key figure in early football.
 * 5) George Colvile (1813–1814)
 * 6) Louisa Colvile (1815–1836)
 * 7) Emily Colvile (1817–1889)
 * 8) Eden Colvile (1819–1893) was appointed Governor of Rupert's Land and also governor of the HBC.
 * 9) Jean Colville (1820–1895)
 * 10) Georgiana Mary Colvile (1822–1889) married Frederic Rogers, 1st Baron Blachford, a mandarin of Whitehall.
 * 11) Charlotte Colvile (1823–)
 * 12) Isalen Mary Colvile (1825–)
 * 13) Caroline Colvile (1827–1846)
 * 14) Margaret Agnes Colvile (1829–) in 1858 married the writer and publisher Charles Kegan Paul.
 * 15) Alice Douglas Colvile (1830–1845)
 * 16) Katharine Colvile (July 1834 – November 1834)

The son of his sister Margaret was named after him; Eden Paul became a socialist physician and translator.

Education and early career
Colvile was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. After graduating from Cambridge in 1841, he travelled to Lower Canada (Quebec) to manage the seigneury of Beauharnois for the North American Colonial Association of Ireland, of which his father was deputy governor. He served one year in the Legislative Assembly in 1844.

Canada
His relationship with the Hudson's Bay Company, North America's oldest company (established by English royal charter in 1670), began in 1848 when he accompanied George Simpson to Rupert's Land, travelling as far as the Red River Colony. After his return to England, he was soon appointed Governor of Rupert's Land, relieving Simpson of his obligations inland. After seeing the troubles which rocked the Red River Colony in the late 1840s with the Guilleume Sayer trial, the Foss-Pelly slander trial and the difficulties between the Presbyterian Scots and the Anglicans, the Company needed someone like Colvile who would wield a firm hand in the Settlement. However, he spent his first winter on the Pacific coast, sorting out the affairs of the troubled Pugets Sound Agricultural Company.

In August 1850, he arrived in the Red River Colony with his wife, Anne Maxwell. They took up residence in the "Big House" at Lower Fort Garry. He quickly took charge of the affairs of the colony. He took over as president of the Council of Assiniboia, removed Adam Thom from his position of power, and arranged a compromise between the Presbyterians and Anglicans. Solving the difficulties which arose from the Foss-Pelly slander trial took more delicate maneuvering, but he succeeded by removing the major players in the trial from the Settlement. After accomplishing the tasks he was sent to fix, he and his wife returned to England in 1852.

Later life
He took on many of his father's directorships which included the chairmanship of the board of the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company. He joined the London committee of the HBC in 1854. After a reorganization of the HBC in the mid-1860s where he was only one of two to remain, he became deputy governor in 1871, governor in 1880 and retired in 1889. He died in Lustleigh, Devon, on Easter Sunday 1893.

title: Eden Colvile


text:
From Here to Eternity: Live

From Here to Eternity: Live is a live album by English punk rock band The Clash, released on 4 October 1999 through Epic Records. The album's songs were selected from various Clash concerts recorded between 1977 and 1982. Some of the recordings featured also appear in the film Rude Boy (1980). "London's Burning", "What's My Name" and "I Fought the Law" were instrumentally overdubbed to repair some technical deficiencies of the original live recording.

The album comprises 17 songs, with a further 2 songs released as iTunes bonus tracks.

Personnel

 * Mick Jones – lead guitar, vocals
 * Paul Simonon – bass guitar, backing vocals, lead vocals and rhythm guitar on "The Guns of Brixton"
 * Joe Strummer – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, bass guitar on "The Guns of Brixton"
 * Topper Headon – drums 1977 – 82
 * Terry Chimes – drums 1982

Additional performers
 * Micky Gallagher – organ on "Armagideon Time"
 * Mikey Dread – additional vocals on "Armagideon Time"

Production
 * The Clash – producers
 * Crispin Murray – engineer
 * Adrian Hall; Matt Lawrence; Gareth Ashton – assistant engineers
 * Bill Price – mixing
 * Tim Young – mastering
 * Model Solutions – cover art
 * Paul Simonon – art direction
 * Solar Creative – graphic design
 * Pennie Smith; Matthew Donaldson; Adrian Brown – photography

Album notes
The liner notes also list a thanks to Rob Stringer, Hugh Attwooll, Paul Bursche, Matt Reynolds, Bruce Dickinson, Jock Elliot, Pennie Smith, Ollie Weait. "Special thanks to everybody all over the world that wrote in with their stories and recollections."

title: From Here to Eternity: Live


text:
User talk:Ihatepotsmokinghippies

Pot Smoking Hippies
i love pot smoking hippies. to each his own. Wolfman 03:26, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

To clarify my position...

I don't hate them as such, I just think they're misunderstood. But I once had a bad run-in with a pot smoking hippie (well, a goth, same thing) so I'm avoiding them for the time being. --ihatepotsmokinghippies 03:29, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Welcome
Welcome from another new Kiwi wikipedian. I'll have to mee you half-way on this. I don't smoke, but I've been called a hippy often enough. Hope you enjoy being a kiwi-wiki.

Grutness 09:01, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks. I chose the name because it attracts attention, it's memorable and hard to get confused. There's a lot more of us New Zealandrians than I thought, as well. --ihatepotsmokinghippies 09:15, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I've replied to you
I've replied to your questions on my Talk page. Please try and keep a high quality of your edits SimonLyall 10:12, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I agree with what Simon says here and elsewhere. Some of your edits (eg removing that slanted addition to Maori Television), are excellent, but a few are so marginal that we feel we have to change or reverse them. Welcome to the club, and I hope you get right into the swing of things soon. Kia ora. Robin Patterson 21:23, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I think I'm getting into the swing of it. --ihatepotsmokinghippies 03:30, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Category:Wikipedians in New Zealand
Hi, You might want to consider adding User NZ res to the top of your user page, which will add you to this category automatically and also add a nice graphic. Or simply add which will have the same effect. If you want to help find fellow kiwis Click on this link which will find all users who have "zealand" on their user page. I have done a few, but there are many more to do. Obviously don't just add it to everybody, read their user page to see if they actually live in NZ. Onco_p53 01:19, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

Username blocked
Hi, I'm not even sure if we had a username policy when you started contributing back in 2004, but since you haven't edited since then, I doubt you'll ever read this. If you do come back to this account, you'll have to request a rename. First, request to be unblocked using. The reason I blocked you is because your username is insulting to a group of people (pot-smoking hippies) and violates our current username policy. Regards.--Chaser - T 04:25, 22 July 2007 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of User:Ihatepotsmokinghippies

A tag has been placed on User:Ihatepotsmokinghippies, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G1 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the page appears to have no meaningful content or history, and the text is unsalvageably incoherent. If the page you created was a test, please use the sandbox for any other experiments you would like to do.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. ScienceUnderPressure 18:03, 14 February 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ihatepotsmokinghippies


text:
Harsha Bhogle

Harsha Bhogle (born 19 July 1961) is an Indian cricket commentator and journalist. Bhogle has cemented his reputation for being a notable personality in the global cricket broadcasting industry.He is often regarded as the "Voice of Cricket".

Early life
Bhogle was born into a Marathi-speaking family in Hyderabad. He is the son of Achyut D. Bhogle, a professor of French language, and Shalini Bhogle, a professor of psychology. During an interview with The Grade Cricketer podcast, Bhogle revealed that his mother's family was originally from Lahore and she migrated to India as a child during the partition, in the middle of 1947. He attended Hyderabad Public School, Begumpet, and subsequently earned a B.Tech. degree in chemical engineering from Osmania University's College of Technology in Hyderabad. He received a PGP (largely equivalent to an MBA) from Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. He then joined an advertising agency for which he worked for two and a half years, following which he served at a sports management company for an equal period.

Career
Early on, Bhogle played A Div cricket in Hyderabad and represented Osmania University at the Rohinton Baria Tournament. He started commentating at the age of 19 with All India Radio, while living in Hyderabad. In 1991–92, he became the first Indian commentator to be invited by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation during India's cricket series before the 1992 Cricket World Cup. He has since worked for ABC Radio Grandstand during India's Australian tours, and for eight years worked for the BBC as part of their commentary team in the 1996 and the 1999 Cricket World Cups.

Since 1995, he has been presenting live cricket from all around the world for ESPN STAR Sports and was part of the commentary team that included Ravi Shastri, Sunil Gavaskar, and Alan Wilkins along with Geoff Boycott and Navjot Singh Sidhu, for a few seasons, and later, Ian Chappell and Sanjay Manjrekar.

He covered the 2011–12 series in Australia solely for ABC Radio.

Bhogle has been covering all Indian Premier League seasons since 2009. He was dropped from the commentary team by BCCI in April 2016. No official reason was given, but according to media reports, it was due to a combination of factors. One was because of the alleged criticism from Indian players. A bigger cause was that during the opening game of the T20 World Cup between India and New Zealand in Nagpur, Bhogle got angry, because a Vidharbha Cricket Association official did not allow him to use a VIP door, which was a kind of short-cut between the Hindi and English commentary box. Thus Bhogle had to climb the stairways each time he had to switch the commentary box. Probably this incident in itself would have not caused his sacking, but a big movie star felt bad at Bhogle's behavior and even tweeted against him, which was backed by another big star from the cricketing world. This led the BCCI to arrive at this decision.

He has hosted television programs such as Harsha Online, Harsha Unplugged and School Quiz Olympiad for ESPN and Star Sports.

Bhogle had a Television programme named after him, "Harsha ki khoj"(lit. 'Harsha's search'), that strove to find broadcasting talent in India.

Bhogle expanded his online presence by hosting Out of the Box with Harsha Bhogle on YouTube.

Bhogle was voted the favourite TV cricket commentator by ESPNcricinfo users based on a worldwide poll. Bhogle has also anchored BBC's travel serial Travel India and Business Today Acumen Business Quiz and Debate competitions.

Bhogle was the advisor to the Mumbai Indians for the 2008 IPL.

Bhogle has published and authored a number of books, including a biography of Mohammad Azharuddin and a collection of columns in The Indian Express, Out of the Box – Watching the Game We Love and is also a columnist for the Chennai-based "The Sportstar" a subsidiary of The Hindu group of Publications under the title "Hitting Hard" by Bhogle. (2009). Bhogle has presented the program Travel India: With Harsha Bhogle on the Discovery channel and TLC.

In the 2011 World Cup held in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, he anchored the pre and post match shows that featured Simon Hughes, Navjot Singh Sidhu, Sunil Gavaskar, Tony Greig and Sourav Ganguly.

In 2013, he was given the seat in commentary by Ian Bishop to conduct the final interviews when Sachin Tendulkar played his final test.

Bhogle currently hosts a weekly show called "This Week's Special" aired on Star Sports. The show takes the viewers back in time to make them relive cricketing memories from the past. The first episode was aired from 1 October 2015. On 10 April 2016 His IPL contract as a commentator was terminated. The decision came as a surprise for the voice of Indian cricket since he had conducted the Season 9 draft auction, featured in the league's promotional videos, was in the commentators’ 51-day-long duty roster, and even had his flight booked by the production house. Board (BCCI) officials said Bhogle had an angry exchange with a cricket official at the venue as he wanted him to open the door, and this reached the Nagpur-based BCCI president Shashank Manohar. Those in the know said this incident was the trigger that resulted in Bhogle losing out.

He has been a part of Times Group subsidiary Cricbuzz since 2016 and writes articles as well as doing video analyses with them.

Bhogle is currently one of the Board of Governors of IIM Udaipur.

On 16 May 2019, he was named among the 24 commentators for the 2019 ICC World Cup held in England and Wales.

During the 2nd test of Bangladesh's tour of India, the 1st D/N test of both Indian and Bangladeshi cricket teams, a few Bangladeshi batsmen were struck by the pink ball. Bhogle raised concerns about the visibility of the ball, with Sanjay Manjrekar, his fellow commentator, replying that only people like Bhogle would need to ask such questions as they have not played at that level. This on-air spat raised many eyebrows.

Books
Bhogle and his wife Anita have written books titled The Winning Way and The Winning Way 2.0 based on their business knowledge drawn from the sporting world. He has also authored a biography of Mohammad Azharuddin, and published a collection of articles in a book called Out of the Box.

The Winning Way
The Winning Way is a 2011 debut book by Harsha Bhogle and Anita Bhogle, published by Westland And Tranquebar Press. It is Harsha's first book published as an author. The pair stated that the book took them two years to write, with The Hindu calling it "lively".

The Winning Way is a management advice book that focuses on what comprises a successful athlete and shows how management teams could apply that to their work force. The Hindu reviewed the book, calling it a "right pick as a playbook for managers." ''Business Today praised the book, saying it "captures the essence of values in sport, values that make champion players and champion teams".

Personal life
Bhogle is married to Anita, his classmate from IIM Ahmedabad, and they live in Mumbai with their two adult sons. Bhogle has been a vegetarian since age 17.

The couple run a sport-based communication consultancy called Prosearch.

title: Harsha Bhogle


text:
Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network

The Palestinian NGOs Network (PNGON; شبكة المنظمات الأهلية البيئية الفلسطينية) is a non-profit, non-governmental organization with a mandate to protect the environment of Palestine by acting as a coordinating body for Palestinian environmental organizations located in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. PNGON was initiated after the 2000 al-Aqsa Intifada due to heightened demands for Palestinian environmental organizations to defend the Palestinian environment.

PNGON is composed of 21 member organizations with goals covering a wide range of environmental issues such as defending land against misuse, sustainable agriculture, water conservation, rural issues, sustainable development, protection of cultural heritage, health and sanitation, biodiversity protection, human rights and community participation.

PNGON's General Assembly consists of all of its members. The Coordinating Committee consists of seven members who are elected every two years by the General Assembly. PNGON is an umbrella organization for Palestinian environmental organizations operating in both the West Bank and Gaza Strip. PNGON focuses on protection of the Palestinian environment within the context of Israeli military occupation. Therefore, environmental efforts are coordinated with social justice campaigns and also integrate social, economic and cultural rights to effect environmental protection and defense. PNGON seeks to raise international awareness, build capacity for environmental advocacy and mobilizes communities to engage in sustainable development. PNGON also encourages cooperation with other developing societies.

The Member Organizations of the PNGON network are:
 * Al-Ard Society for Environmental Awareness and Protection
 * Applied Research Institute--Jerusalem (ARIJ)
 * Center for Agricultural Services (TCAS)
 * Center for Development in Primary Health Care (CDPHC)- Al Quds University
 * Institute of Water Studies, Birzeit University
 * Development and Environment Association—Baladna Cultural Center
 * Land Research Center (LRC)
 * LAW-The Palestinian Society for the Protection of Human Rights and the Environment
 * The Local Committee for the Protection of the Environment, Nablus
 * MA'AN Development Center
 * Palestinian Agricultural Relief Committees (PARC)
 * Palestinian Association for Cultural Exchange (PACE)
 * Palestinian Hydrology Group (PHG)
 * Roads and Environmental Safety Center (RESC)
 * The Society for Environmental Protection, Jenin
 * Union of Agricultural Work Committees (UAWC)
 * Union of Palestinian Medical Relief Committees (UPMRC)
 * Water and Environment Department-Ramallah Municipality
 * Water and Soil Environmental Research Unit (WSERU), Bethlehem University
 * Water and Environmental Studies Center (WESC), An-Najah National University
 * Wildlife Palestine Society (WLPS)

title: Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network


text:
Marian Hobbs

Marian Leslie Hobbs (born 18 December 1947) is a New Zealand politician who was a Labour Member of Parliament from 1996 to 2008. She was initially a list MP and then (from 1999) represented the electorate. She served as Minister for the Environment and, later, as one of two Assistant Speakers of the House of Representatives. She represented the Dunedin constituency of the Otago Regional Council from 2019 to 2021.

Early life
Hobbs was raised in Christchurch and was educated at St Dominic's College, Dunedin. Before entering politics, Hobbs worked as a teacher at Aranui High School and was the principal of Avonside Girls' High School in Christchurch. She helped to establish the Chippenham commune in Christchurch and is by religious affiliation a Friend (Quaker). In 1993, Hobbs was awarded the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal.

After leaving school, Hobbs renounced her Catholic beliefs, later becoming a Quaker. At university she was a student radical and joined the Communist Party. Hobbs marched with HART in the 1981 Springbok tour to oppose Apartheid. After the tour she developed a strong interest in Māori issues and became fluent in the language. In May 1996, she was offered the position of principal of Wellington Girls' College, but never ended up taking the job, instead moving into Parliament on the Labour list.

Member of Parliament
Hobbs stood unsuccessfully in the 1994 Selwyn by-election where she came a distant third. She contested the electorate in the  and came second to National Party's Doug Kidd, but entered Parliament via the Labour list, where she was ranked 12th. Upon entering parliament Hobbs was designated opposition spokesperson for broadcasting, communications and information technology by leader Helen Clark.

In the lead up to the following election Hobbs wavered between again contesting Kaikoura or, having moved to Wellington permanently after becoming a list MP. She chose to stand in Wellington Central because she lived there and stated she hated travelling. Hobbs was selected as Labour candidate for the seat over Victoria University dean of law Professor Brian Brooks, teacher Elaine Whelan and former Wellington City Councillor Hazel Armstrong. In the 1999 election, Hobbs won the Wellington Central electorate, defeating the incumbent member, ACT Party leader Richard Prebble.

Cabinet minister
After Labour's electoral victory in 1999, Hobbs joined the Cabinet, becoming Minister for the Environment, Minister of Biosecurity, Minister of Broadcasting, and Minister Responsible for the National Library of New Zealand and Archives New Zealand. In February 2001, she briefly resigned from Cabinet while an enquiry investigated her allowance-claims; she returned in late March after receiving official clearance.

As Minister of Broadcasting, Hobbs set a code of practice for New Zealand commercial radio, specifying that 20 percent of music played should have New Zealand origins.

Following the 2002 general election, Hobbs continued as the Minister for the Environment and Minister Responsible for the National Library and Archives New Zealand, and picked up new roles as Minister of Disarmament and Arms Control, Associate Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade with responsibility for Official Development Assistance, Associate Minister for Biosecurity, Associate Minister of Education, and Minister Responsible for Urban Affairs.

Resignation from Cabinet
In 2004, Hobbs told Prime Minister Helen Clark that she did not expect to seek a post in Cabinet again after the 2005 general election. Hobbs contested the election and was returned to the Wellington Central electorate with a 6,180 majority over the National Party candidate, Mark Blumsky. She made her decision about not seeking a Cabinet role public during the negotiations to form a government in October 2005.

After resigning from Cabinet, Hobbs served briefly as Labour's party Vice-President and became the Assistant Speaker of the House in March 2008, after Ann Hartley resigned.

In December 2006 Hobbs announced (during a radio interview) that she would not seek re-election at the 2008 general election, confirming much speculation to that effect. She was succeeded in Wellington Central by Grant Robertson, who had worked for her while she was a minister.

Post-Parliamentary career
Before leaving Parliament, Hobbs signalled her intention to work as a teacher in the United Kingdom, in compensation for never having made a traditional working-holiday as a young woman. She spent two years as the Headteacher at Prince William School in Oundle, Northamptonshire, United Kingdom.

Hobbs stood as a Labour candidate for the Otago Regional Council at the 2019 local elections and was successful. On 23 October, she was elected as chair, with Michael Laws as her deputy. In a vote on 8 July 2020, she lost the role and was replaced by councillor Andrew Noone. She resigned from the council on 1 November 2021.

Personal life
Hobbs had one son, Daniel, with her first husband Walter Logeman. Her second marriage was to maths teacher Geoff Norris with whom she unexpectedly had a daughter, Claire.

Her father was Leslie Hobbs, a political journalist, who wrote The Thirty-Year Wonders, a history of the First and Second Labour Governments and their members.

title: Marian Hobbs


text:
Talk:Periodic table (by blocks)

This page is foolish, and serves no purpose. The blocks are discernible easily enough without being color-coded. --Smack 03:30, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Inconsistency.
Aren't Lanthanum and Actinium in the d-block, and Lutetium and Lawrencium in the f-block? I am in chemistry right now, and that is what I was taught, as well as what my book says. Is this wrong? --Ketch90 (talk) 18:28, 15 December 2007 (UTC)

This table is inconsist with Periodic table (extended). Hellium should be in s-block. Am I wrong? ChongDae 06:46, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Good catch! Corrected now, thank you. Jan van Male 16:16, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Periodic table (by blocks)


text:
Talk:Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network

Article has been re-written to obviate the false alarm suspicions of copyright violation. Alberuni 03:30, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text:
Category:San Francisco Giants managers

This category includes baseball managers for the franchise currently known as the San Francisco Giants. This franchise has been known as:
 * New York Gothams (1883–1884)
 * New York Giants (1885–1957)
 * San Francisco Giants (1958–present)

title: Category:San Francisco Giants managers


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ten-step Footrace

Ten-step Footrace
I'm a huge Homestar Runner fan, and I can vouch that this does not deserve its own article. Fishal 03:32, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * A minor detail from one episode/email/whatever? Not encyclopedic. Delete. --Slowking Man 06:11, Oct 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. A minor detail which goes somewhere else, at best. --NathanHawking 07:18, 2004 Oct 17 (UTC)
 * Delete. Fan cruft. jni 12:38, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I too love Homestar Runner, but this is unnecessary.  Postdlf 17:57, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text:
Category:Indianapolis Blues players

Players for the Indianapolis Blues, of the early National League (1878).

title: Category:Indianapolis Blues players


text: Category:Iranian royalty

title: Category:Iranian royalty


text:
Charles F. Bryan

Charles Faulkner Bryan (July 26, 1911 – July 7, 1955) was an American composer, musician, music educator and collector of folk music.

Life and career
Bryan was born in McMinnville, Tennessee in 1911. He was attracted to music from a young age and became particularly interested in the music of the Appalachian region.

In addition to being a pioneer in the study of folk music, Bryan is considered by many to be one of Tennessee's greatest composers and musicians. Bryan also taught at Tennessee Polytechnic Institute in Cookeville, Tennessee, where he was head of the Department of Music from 1936 to 1939.

During the Great Depression, he worked as a director of music and library projects of the federal Works Projects Administration in their southeastern region. He engaged in folklore studies to record and preserve music and other folklore of the Appalachian region.

In the post-World War II years, Bryan served on the faculty of George Peabody College (1947–1952) in Nashville, and served as president of the Tennessee Folklore Society. He taught at the Indian Spring School for Boys near Birmingham, Alabama for a brief period after it opened in 1952.

He died on July 7, 1955, in Pinson, Alabama.

Legacy
According to his biographer, Carolyn Livingston, Bryan was "a pioneer in the study of American folk music" who created in his students "a sense of value for the folk ballads and hymns of Appalachia". He composed the music of Singin' Billy: A Folk Opera (1952), possibly his best known work, with Donald Davidson writing the libretto or text. "Singin' Billy" was the nickname of shape note composer and publisher William Walker. With George Pullen Jackson, he wrote the text American Folk Music for High School and other Choral Groups.

Bryan's namesake son served as president and CEO of the Virginia Historical Society until retiring in November 2008.

In 1977, an historical marker honoring Bryan was erected in front of the Warren County courthouse in McMinnville. It reads, "A native of Warren County, Bryan was a pioneer in the study of American folk music. Through his talented efforts this distinctively American form of musical expression gained worldwide fame and appreciation. He worked closely with the people of the Southern mountains and coves in the study of this music, but his work earned a permanent place of honor and distinction in the highest ranks of academic and scholarly achievement. Presented in his memory by a grateful community."

Tennessee Technological University's Bryan Fine Arts Building (BFA) is home to the College of Fine Arts as well as the Wattenbarger Auditorium. Constructed in 1981, this building is named for Bryan. The Bryan Symphony Orchestra, composed of Tech Faculty, talented students, and area professionals is named in his honor and performs at the Bryan Fine Arts Center. In 2011, the School of Music at TTU hosted his biographer and members of Bryan's family in a celebration of the 100th anniversary of the composer's birth. TTU awarded a research grant to Director of Orchestras, Professor Dan Allcott, to create a Bryan archive at the university's library. Allcott also created a modern performing edition of Bryan's "Bell Witch Cantata" which had been premiered by Robert Shaw at Carnegie Hall in 1947. The Cantata had its first 21st century performances shortly afterward.

title: Charles F. Bryan


text:
Category:Olympic swimmers for Zimbabwe

Swimmers who have represented Zimbabwe at the Olympics.

Articles in this category should also be included in Category:Zimbabwean swimmers.

title: Category:Olympic swimmers for Zimbabwe


text:
Reflections

Reflections may refer to:

Books and magazines

 * Reflections; or Sentences and Moral Maxims, a series of books (1665–1678) by François de La Rochefoucauld
 * Reflections (Sufi literature), by Idries Shah
 * Reflections, an alumni publication of Lubbock Christian University
 * Reflections, a publication of Yale Divinity School
 * Reflections, an academic journal on writing and public rhetoric published by New City Community Press

Film

 * Reflections (1964 film) or Dry Summer, a Turkish film directed by Metin Erksan
 * Reflections (1984 film), a British drama film directed by Kevin Billington
 * Reflections (1987 film), a Yugoslavian psychological horror film directed by Goran Marković
 * Reflections (1999 film), a British documentary film directed by Pogus Caesar
 * Reflections (2005 film), an Indian short silent film by Bejoy Nambiar

Television

 * Reflections (TV series), a 1962 Canadian classical-music television series
 * "Reflections" (The Killing), a 2012 episode of the American television drama series The Killing
 * "Reflections" (TMNT 2003), a 2004 episode of the cartoon program Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

Music

 * Reflections Records, a Dutch record label

Bands

 * Reflections (Minnesota band), an American metalcore band formed in 2010
 * The Reflections (Detroit band), a doo-wop group formed in the early 1960s
 * The Reflections (Indianapolis band), a vocal group formed in the early 1960s
 * The Reflections, a soul band from Harlem, New York also known for backing Melba Moore
 * The Reflections, the Canadian backing band for Chad Allan, later known as The Guess Who
 * Reflections, a solo project of Clint Newsom of the American band Rhythm of Black Lines

Albums

 * Reflections (Steve Lacy album), 1959
 * Reflections (Stan Getz album), 1964
 * Reflections (Abdullah Ibrahim album), 1965
 * Reflections (Terry Knight and the Pack album), 1967
 * Reflections (The Supremes album), 1968
 * Reflections (Manos Hatzidakis album), 1970
 * Reflections (The 5th Dimension album), 1971
 * Reflections (Jerry Garcia album), 1976
 * Reflections (Andy Williams album), 1977
 * Reflections (Chet Atkins and Doc Watson album), 1980
 * Reflections (Akira Terao album), 1981
 * Reflections (Gil Scott-Heron album), 1981
 * Reflections (Rick James album), 1984
 * Reflections (Hariharan album), 1988
 * Reflections (1989 Frank Morgan album), 1989
 * Reflections (Debby Boone album), 1989
 * Reflections (The Judds album), 1994
 * Reflections (Paul Young album), 1994
 * Reflections (Bobo Stenson album), 1995
 * Reflections (After 7 album), 1995
 * Reflections (The Carpenters album), 1998
 * Reflections (Apocalyptica album), 2003
 * Reflections (B.B. King album), 2003
 * Reflections (Paul van Dyk album), 2003
 * Reflections (Miriam Makeba album), 2004
 * Reflections (2006 Frank Morgan album), 2006
 * Reflections (Sandra album), 2006
 * Reflections (A Retrospective), a 2006 greatest hits album by Mary J. Blige
 * Reflections (The Temptations album)
 * Reflections (Graham Nash album), 2009
 * Reflections (Kurt Rosenwinkel album), 2009
 * Reflections (S.E.X. Appeal album), 2010
 * Reflections (Candice Night album), 2011
 * Reflections (EP), 2014 EP by MisterWives
 * Reflections, a 2016 album by X-Panda
 * Reflections (Hannah Diamond album), 2019
 * Reflections (Timo Andres, Conor Hanick, and Sufjan Stevens album), 2023

Songs

 * "Reflections" (The Supremes song), 1967
 * "Reflections" (Bliss n Eso song), 2010
 * "Reflections" (MisterWives song), 2014
 * "Reflections (Care Enough)", a 2001 single by Mariah Carey
 * "Reflections", a song performed by Jody Miller

Other uses

 * Reflection (mathematics), a transformation of a space
 * Reflections (concert residency), a concert residency by Regine Velasquez in Manila
 * Reflections (Amiga software), a 3D raytracing and modeling software
 * Reflections (Dove), a 1935 painting by Arthur Dove
 * Ubisoft Reflections, formerly Reflections Interactive, a games developer
 * Reflections, a 1942 radio program starring Frank Sinatra

title: Reflections


text:
Category:Kansas City Cowboys (American Association) players

''This category contains players of the Kansas City Cowboys (American Association) baseball team that played in 1888-1989. For players for other teams with the same name, see Category:Kansas City Cowboys players.'' __NOGALLERY__


text:
Kelvinator

Kelvinator was an American home appliance manufacturer and a line of domestic refrigerators that was the namesake of the company. Although as a company it is now defunct, the name still exists as a brand name owned by Electrolux AB. It takes its name from William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, who developed the concept of absolute zero and for whom the Kelvin temperature scale is named. The name was thought appropriate for a company that manufactured ice-boxes and refrigerators.

History

Kelvinator was founded on September 18, 1914, in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by engineer Nathaniel B. Wales who introduced his idea for a practical electric refrigeration unit for the home to Edmund Copeland and Arnold Goss.

Wales, a young inventor, secured financial backing from Arnold Goss, then secretary of the Buick Automobile company, to develop the first household mechanical refrigerators to be marketed under the name "Electro-Automatic Refrigerating Company". After producing a number of experimental models, Wales selected one for manufacturing.

In February 1916, the name of the company was changed to "Kelvinator Company" in honor of the Irish-Scottish physicist, Lord Kelvin (William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin), the discoverer of absolute zero. Kelvinator was among some two dozen home refrigerators introduced to the U.S. market in 1916. In 1918 Kelvinator introduced the first refrigerator with any type of automatic control.

Frustrated by iceboxes, the Grand Rapids Refrigerator Company introduced a porcelain lined "Leonard Cleanable" ice cabinet. Kelvinator began buying Leonard's boxes for its electric refrigerated models. By 1923, the Kelvinator Company held 80% of the American market for electric refrigerators.

On July 3, 1925, Kelvinator bought Nizer Corporation in a tri-party merger valued at $20,000,000.

In 1926, the company acquired Leonard, which had been founded in 1881. Kelvinator concentrated its entire appliance production at the Grand Rapids factory in 1928. That year, George W. Mason assumed control of Kelvinator. Under his leadership, the company lowered its costs while increasing market share through 1936.

In 1936, Kelvinator introduced the "Kelvin Home", which was one of the earliest attempts to market in-home central air conditioning and heating to ordinary consumers. Customers could choose from a number of different home designs, all of which were equipped with climate control systems and the latest electric appliances, and were advertised to cost about $7,500 ($151,523 in 2022) for a six-room house. The first Kelvin Home shown to the public was located in Livonia, Michigan and attracted thousands of visitors. A number of surviving homes are registered historic properties, including several in the Rosedale Gardens Historic District in Livonia and the Kelvinator House in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

British operations
In 1926, Kelvinator Limited, England, was started in London. From simple merchandising of the products of the American factories, it grew until it was producing much of its own equipment for the British market. In 1946, it was considered that the time was ripe for this unit to expand and be self-contained in its manufacture of Kelvinator Equipment, and the London manufacturing activities were moved to Crewe and greatly expanded with a further 19000 m2 of floor space. The Crewe factory was shared with Rolls-Royce Motors, but burned down in the 1950s and was replaced by a new facility in Bromborough, Cheshire.

Italian manufacturer Candy bought the operation in 1979 together with the use of the Kelvinator brand name in the UK and produced both Candy and Kelvinator products until it closed around 2000.

Merger with Nash Motors
On October 27, 1936, it was announced that Nash Motors and Kelvinator Corp. were merging. The merger took effect on January 4, 1937, to form Nash-Kelvinator Corporation as part of a deal that placed George W. Mason at the helm of the combined company.

In 1952, it acquired the Altorfer Bros. Company, which made home laundry equipment under the ABC brand name.

World War II

Between 1939 and 1945, the complete manufacturing facilities of the factories' group were turned over to the manufacturing of military supplies. With the exception of one-ton, two-wheeled truck cargo trailers and some refrigerators, Nash-Kelvinator did not manufacture products related to its pre-war operations. It became the largest producer of helicopters in the U.S. during the war by making the A Hoverfly II, the most advanced helicopter design of the war. Other wartime products included three- and four-blade propellers, optical equipment and binoculars as well as Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp radial aircraft engines. The Kelvinator refrigerator facility in Grand Rapids, Michigan, had up to 5,000 employees when it produced airplane propellers and engine parts. Nash-Kelvinator placed 27th in the value of World War II production contracts that were awarded to U.S. firms.

In Britain, Kelvinator of London contributed to the field of testing airplane components at ultra-low temperatures, and instruments under high altitude conditions, research that was credited as saving the lives of many Allied aircrews.

The company pledged to introduce the scientific discoveries gained during the war production into its appliances to make them more useful and efficient.

Integration into American Motors
Nash-Kelvinator became a division of American Motors (AMC) when Nash merged with Hudson in 1954. Kelvinator introduced the first auto-defrost models. Kelvinator refrigerators included shelves on the inside of their doors and special compartments for frozen juice containers in the freezer. It also pioneered the side-by-side refrigerator freezer in the early 1950s. In the 1960s, Kelvinator refrigerators introduced "picture frame" doors on some models allowing owners to decorate their appliance to match décor of their kitchens.

Under the leadership of Roy D. Chapin Jr., AMC sold off its Kelvinator operations in 1968. (AMC then purchased the Jeep brand from Kaiser Industries in 1970.) Kelvinator joined White Consolidated Industries, a company that later acquired the rights to Frigidaire (originally owned by General Motors), Gibson, and White-Westinghouse product lines. Electrolux of Sweden acquired White Consolidated Industries in 1986, and combined WCI brands with Electrolux-owned Tappan to become WCI Major Appliances Group.

In the early 1990s, the name of the Dublin, Ohio based holding company changed to Frigidaire Company.

In 1997, it was reorganized into Electrolux North America Products.

Legacy
In North America, Electrolux continues to sell (under the Kelvinator Commercial brand) a range of commercial refrigeration equipment.

The Kelvinator brand is used in Argentina for a wide variety of appliances marketed by Radio Victoria Fueguina in Tierra del Fuego. The factory is in this province.

In the Philippines, the Kelvinator brand was licensed in 1977 to Concepcion Industries Inc. (now Concepcion Industrial Corporation) who continues to sell whitegoods under this brand.

In Australia, Kelvinator Australia Ltd was formed in 1934, and manufactured and distributed products under licence from several US companies, including Kelvinator. The managing director was William Queale, while his father-in-law, F.H. Griffiths, was a co-director. In 1980, they became part of the Australian-owned Email Limited group of companies, whose appliance division was subsequently sold to the Swedish-owned Electrolux Group in 2001. Refrigerators and air conditioners continue to be sold under the Kelvinator brand by the Electrolux Group.

In India, the Kelvinator brand was revived in 2019, when the retail arm of Reliance Retail signed a licensing, manufacturing, marketing and distribution deal with Electrolux. They currently sell a range of appliances and whitegoods under the Kelvinator brand.

As late as 2014, residents of Robeson County, North Carolina used "Kelvinator" to generically refer to refrigerators, due to the former presence of a Kelvinator factory in their county.

title: Kelvinator


text:
Category:School accreditors

Organizations that undertake educational accreditation of schools.

title: Category:School accreditors


text:
Hiroshima Airport

Hiroshima Airport (広島空港) is an international airport in the city of Mihara, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Located 50 km east of Hiroshima, it is the largest airport in the Chugoku and Shikoku region, and the second busiest in the region after Matsuyama Airport. 80% of the airport's domestic traffic is to and from Haneda Airport in Tokyo. In 2022, the Hiroshima-Haneda route is the tenth-busiest domestic air route in Japan.

History
The New Hiroshima Airport was opened for public use on 29 October 1993 as a replacement for the old Hiroshima Airport, which was renamed Hiroshima-Nishi Airport. The old airport was located in a more central waterfront location, but was too small to handle widebody aircraft and could not be expanded. In 1994, the New Hiroshima Airport was renamed to just Hiroshima Airport.

The airport's single runway opened with a length of 2,500 m (700 m longer than Hiroshima-Nishi). The runway was then extended to 3,000 m in 2001, and its ILS was upgraded to CAT-IIIa in 2008 and CAT-IIIb in 2009.

Terminal
The airport only has one terminal with separated departures and arrivals facilities for domestic and international flights and seven lettered gates (A through D domestic; E through G international). The international and domestic areas are separated landside by a central atrium. The domestic departures lounge has separate JAL and ANA airline lounges, while the international area has one shared airport lounge.

Statistics
Source:

Road
The airport has no direct expressway connection but is located near the San'yō Expressway. Limousine bus service to and from the downtown Hiroshima Bus Terminal is scheduled at 53 minutes but is often subject to traffic delays. Hiroshima Station is accessible by bus in 45 minutes. Bus service is also available to Shiraichi Station, Fukuyama Station, Kure Station and Mihara Station.

Rail
Unusually among major Japanese airports, Hiroshima Airport has no railway station. The closest station is Shiraichi Station on the San'yō Main Line, and planners have proposed connecting the airport to this station with a new line, or to build a new station on the San'yō Shinkansen high-speed rail line. The West Japan Railway Company, which operates both lines, has rejected proposals for connections because of the high cost involved and to maintain JR's competitiveness with commercial airlines for passenger traffic to and from Hiroshima.

Accidents and incidents

 * On 14 April 2015, Asiana Airlines Flight 162, operated by Airbus A320 HL-7762 departed the runway on landing. The aircraft was operating an international scheduled passenger flight from Incheon International Airport, Seoul, South Korea. At least 27 of the 81 people on board were injured (25 passengers and two crew members). Initial indications were that the aircraft had hit off the localizer antenna belonging to the airport's Instrument landing system as it was coming in to land. The airport was closed through 16 April and reopened on 17 April with the ILS offline, resulting in flight cancellations during periods of adverse weather.

title: Hiroshima Airport


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Ubisoft Reflections

Ubisoft Reflections Limited (formerly Reflections and later Reflections Interactive Limited) is a British video game developer and a studio of Ubisoft based in Newcastle upon Tyne. Founded in 1984 by Martin Edmondson and Nicholas Chamberlain, the studio focuses on racing games and it is best known for creating the award-winning Driver series. Reflections was acquired by GT Interactive in 1998 and sold to Ubisoft in 2006. The company works on AAA games in close cooperation with sister studio Ubisoft Leamington.

History
Martin Edmondson and Nicholas Chamberlain started developing games for the BBC Micro under the moniker "Reflections" in 1984. Their first game was a Paperboy clone called Paper-Round that took two years to develop but was never released. While working on that game, they started Ravenskull which would be their first published game, released in 1986 by Superior Software. This was followed by Codename: Droid and an Acorn Electron conversion of Stryker's Run in 1987.

The name Reflections was first used for their 1989 hit Amiga game, Shadow of the Beast, published by Psygnosis which spawned two sequels. The original Amiga game was partially written by Paul Howarth, and started out life as a parallax test of the blitter of the Amiga's Agnus chip; Paul later went on to work for Deep Red Games, a UK video game company based in Milton Keynes. A number of other Amiga and Atari ST games followed including Ballistix (1989), Awesome (1990) and Brian the Lion (1994). In 1995, they became known for Destruction Derby, which was critically acclaimed for its realistic physics and destruction, which later become Reflections' specialty. Due to the success, the game had four more sequels over the years.

On 9 January 1999, it was announced that Reflections had been acquired by GT Interactive in 1998, for a reported 2.7 million shares of common stock, which was valued at around US$14.17 million. Reflections became well known for the game Driver, which was inspired by '70s cop shows like Starsky and Hutch and movies like Bullitt and The Driver. It has been followed by four sequels and four spin-offs. The company was subsequently renamed Reflections Interactive.

In 2004, studio founder Martin Edmondson left Reflections after the concepting stage of Driver: Parallel Lines, and sued Atari due to "constructive unfair dismissal as a result of Reflections alleged repudiatory breach of a contract of employment that necessitated Mr. Edmondson's resignation." Martin's brother, Gareth Edmondson, took his place as the studio manager. In July 2006, Atari announced that it had transferred all of the staff and most of the assets of Reflections Interactive Limited, including the intellectual property and technology rights to the Driver series, to Ubisoft for US$24 million.

Gareth Edmondson, studio manager, left Reflections after more than a ten-year presence at the studio in November 2011, two months after the launch of Driver: San Francisco. The studio was then headed by Pauline Jacquey from February 2014. The studio was then headed by Richard Blenkinsop until they left the company in 2021. Lisa Opie was appointed as managing director in May 2021.

May 2013, Ubisoft Reflections announced that they are working on a new game, Ubisoft planned to announce the game at E3 2013. On 10 June 2013, during an Ubisoft's press conference it was revealed that Reflections was working with developer Ivory Tower on the racing game The Crew, which was later released in December 2014.

title: Ubisoft Reflections


text: Category:Iranian lawyers

title: Category:Iranian lawyers


text:
Pete Hodgson

Peter Colin Hodgson (born 13 June 1950) is a former New Zealand politician of the Labour Party and Member of Parliament for Dunedin North from 1990 to 2011.

Early life
Hodgson was born in Whangārei, and received a Bachelor's degree in veterinary science from Massey University. He has worked as a veterinarian, a high school teacher, and a fruit and vegetable retailer.

Member of Parliament
Hodgson joined the Labour Party in 1976, and shortly afterwards became the manager for Stan Rodger's successful campaign in the Dunedin North seat. After holding a number of other Labour Party roles, including that of marginal seats organiser, he was himself nominated to replace Rodger in the 1990 election. He was successful, and became the MP for Dunedin North.

In November 1990 he was appointed as Labour's spokesperson for Science & Technology and Planning by Labour leader Mike Moore.

When the Labour Party formed a government after the 1999 election, Hodgson was appointed to Cabinet. During Labour's nine years in power, Hodgson's portfolios included Economic Development; Tertiary Education; Research, Science and Technology; Health; Transport; Commerce; Land Information; Statistics; Energy (1999–2004); and Fisheries and Forestry. He was also Associate Minister of Health; Industry and Regional Development; and Foreign Affairs.

In 2001, during the filming of The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy in New Zealand, Hodgson was given the title Minister of the Rings, responsible for investigating methods of capitalising on the boom in tourism to New Zealand that followed the release of the films.

In May 2007, Hodgson briefed the Welsh Labour Party's executive on the practicalities of co-operation between Welsh parties outside a formal coalition, after the 2007 Welsh Assembly elections led to a Labour minority government looking likely.

Labour was defeated in the 2008 general election. Hodgson retained his seat with a majority of 7,155.

In opposition, Hodgson was Labour's "chief dirt-digger and mudslinger". The scandals he exposed caused two government ministers to resign.

Hodgson retired from politics at the end of the 49th Parliament in 2011, after 21 years as the MP for Dunedin North. He was succeeded by Labour's David Clark.

Life after Parliament
In 2013, Hodgson was appointed a member of the Representation Commission to determine New Zealand electoral boundaries.

title: Pete Hodgson


text:
Ibdaa Cultural Center

Ibdaa Cultural Center is a grassroots community-based project in the West Bank's Palestinian Dheisheh refugee camp. The name, "Ibdaa" (ابداع), is translated from Arabic as "creation" or "creative ability". Ibdaa Cultural Center was established in 1994 and since then has served more than 1,200 children and youth annually and provides employment and income for more than 70 families in the refugee camp.

Documentary film
A thirty-minute documentary released in 2002 and entitled "The Children of Ibdaa: To Create Something Out of Nothing" focuses on the Ibdaa Cultural Center's children's dance troupe. A tour followed the documentary's release.

title: Ibdaa Cultural Center


text:
Talk:Ibdaa Cultural Center

Article rewritten to obviate false alarm suspicions of copyright violation. Alberuni 03:43, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I couldn't figure out if this is related or just has coincidentally similar name. Does anybody know? Gadykozma 13:11, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Yes, this is the same group. Thanks for finding it. Alberuni 14:41, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified one external link on Ibdaa Cultural Center. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20041010105345/http://www.mecaforpeace.org/ibdaamovie.html to http://www.mecaforpeace.org/ibdaamovie.html

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title: Talk:Ibdaa Cultural Center


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Rise of Tyrants

Rise of Tyrants
Nonnotable and apparently brand-spanking new online RPG. Delete the POV advert language and you really don't have any article left beyond a link. Postdlf 03:44, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I disagree. If you allow Kings of Chaos and Dark Throne to have similar articles, leave this one here. Keep (flurffmeister)
 * Sockpuppet. Postdlf 05:06, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. --Improv 06:06, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: I don't know the mentioned articles, but this one is non-notable advertising. Geogre 14:52, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Advert, not yet encyclopedic and may never be, no useful content. Previously listed as a speedy, which it may have been at the time but an anon removed the notice and it's not one now anyway. Andrewa 19:15, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable; also anon keeps removing vfd notice. Antandrus 22:12, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I just protected the page to stop that. Postdlf 22:38, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text:
Category:Milwaukee Grays players

This category includes players from the National League team known as the Milwaukee Grays. They existed only in 1878.

title: Category:Milwaukee Grays players


text: Category:Olympic swimmers for New Zealand


text:
Parrotlet

Parrotlets are a group of the smallest New World parrot species, comprising several genera, namely Forpus, Nannopsittaca, and Touit. They have stocky builds and short tails and are endemic to Middle and South America. They resemble the lovebirds of Africa in size, body shape and behaviour and have sometimes been referred to as "South American lovebirds", but are not closely related.

In the wild, parrotlets travel in flocks ranging in size from about four to over a hundred birds. Most species travel in flocks of about five to forty. They form lifelong, tight pair bonds with their chosen mates.

Behavior
If left alone for too long, a single parrotlet can lose some of its companionability. The Pacific parrotlet, in particular, does not understand that it is a tiny bird, and has little trouble challenging other animals and humans. Parrotlets in general are feisty, affectionate, and willful. Parrotlets should be housed separately due to their aggressive nature. Even bonded pairs have been known to kill or injure a mate. For this reason, most parrotlet species should not be kept in aviaries and it is best to keep them separate from other species.

Parrotlet species
The following species within three genera are considered to be parrotlets:

Forpus

 * Mexican parrotlet (Forpus cyanopygius)
 * Green-rumped parrotlet (Forpus passerinus)
 * Cobalt-rumped parrotlet (Forpus xanthopterygius)
 * Turquoise-winged parrotlet (Forpus spengeli)
 * Riparian parrotlet (Forpus crassirostris)
 * Spectacled parrotlet (Forpus conspicillatus)
 * Dusky-billed parrotlet or Sclater's parrotlet (Forpus modestus)
 * Pacific parrotlet or celestial parrotlet (Forpus coelestis)
 * Yellow-faced parrotlet (Forpus xanthops)

Touit
The Touit parrotlets are a genus of parrotlets found in the Venezuela-Guyana area, the northern Andes, and Bahia. Only three of the seven species have ever been brought into aviculture, none successfully.
 * Lilac-tailed parrotlet (Touit batavicus)
 * Scarlet-shouldered parrotlet (Touit huetii)
 * Red-fronted parrotlet (Touit costaricensis - sometimes included in T. dilectissimus)
 * Blue-fronted parrotlet or red-winged parrotlet (Touit dilectissimus)
 * Sapphire-rumped parrotlet (Touit purpuratus)
 * Brown-backed parrotlet (Touit melanonotus)
 * Golden-tailed parrotlet (Touit surdus)
 * Spot-winged parrotlet (Touit stictopterus)

Nannopsittaca
There are only two species in the genus Nannopsittaca.
 * Tepui parrotlet (Nannopsittaca panychlora)
 * Manu parrotlet or Amazonian parrotlet (Nannopsittaca dachilleae)

title: Parrotlet


text:
Category:New York Mutuals players

Players for the New York Mutuals during the five seasons of the National Association of Base Ball Players ("National Association" baseball league), 1871 – 1875, and the first season of the National League, 1876.

The Mutual club also fielded professional teams before 1871. For these players, see Category:New York Mutuals (NABBP) players.

All these players are commonly considered "major leaguers" although MLB does not count the NA as a major league.

title: Category:New York Mutuals players


text:
User:Edward Z. Yang

Edward Z. Yang is an inactive Sysop on English Wikipedia.

Personal subpages

 * User CSS / User JavaScript
 * LinkFix dump
 * Wikipedia Bot in PHP
 * Help / Help/Simplified
 * Sandbox / Template sandbox

Wikipedia

 * Created: Boudin Bakery - FanFiction.Net¹ - New England Common Assessment Program¹ - Pharaoh ant² - Prescott Farm - Talley² - Dot book - Baby kissing - Thymol blue
 * Requesting: Pension Act of 1890 - Hickock (another last name) - Saltropine (drug that dries mouth, usually taken before dental sealing operations) - HTML Purifier (a PHP library I wrote, obviously I can't make the article)
 * Needs help desperately: Coming of age - Monomyth
 * Needs attention: Tree traversal
 * Should be featured, but isn't: pH

 * * In progress - ¹ Rewritten - ² Is a stub

title: User:Edward Z. Yang


text:
Talk:Politics of Benin

I looked everywhere for information for this article and only by chance came across the Benin governments own website: Benin Government Portal, which is quite objective.

Does anyone think the pics here - could be used... as fair use?

Important notice
The government section of the "Outline of Benin" needs to be checked, corrected, and completed -- especially the subsections for the government branches.

When the country outlines were created, temporary data (that matched most of the countries but not all) was used to speed up the process. Those countries for which the temporary data does not match must be replaced with the correct information.

Please check that this country's outline is not in error.

If you have any questions or comments, please contact The Transhumanist.

Thank you.

title: Talk:Politics of Benin


text:
Chuhinka

Chuhinka is a small village in Shyrokyi rural hromada, Shchastia Raion, in the eastern part of the Luhansk Oblast of Ukraine. It is near the border of Ukraine and Russia. The village was orginally founded in the year 1720. According to the 2001 Ukraine Census, it had 1,128 residents, 92.73% of whom were Russian speakers. The area is mostly used for farmland, used by individual families after the breakup of the Kolkhoz. There is a small river and a mountain.

Nearby villages include Oleksandrivka and Bilovodsk.

title: Chuhinka


text: Category:Olympic swimmers for South Africa


text:
User talk:Stetin

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
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 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:Stetin