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Beautiful music

Beautiful music (sometimes abbreviated as BM, B/EZ or BM/EZ for "beautiful music/easy listening") is a mostly instrumental music format that was prominent in North American radio from the late 1950s through the 1980s. Easy listening, elevator music, light music, mood music, and Muzak are other terms that overlap with this format and the style of music that it featured. Beautiful music can also be regarded as a subset of the middle of the road radio format.

History
Beautiful music initially offered soft and unobtrusive instrumental selections on a very structured schedule with limited commercial interruptions. It often functioned as a free background music service for stores, with commercial breaks consisting only of announcements aimed at shoppers already in the stores. This practice was known as "storecasting" and was very common on the FM dial in the 1940s and 1950s.

Many of these FM stations usually simulcast their AM station and used a subcarrier (SCA) to transmit a hitch-hiker signal to a store receiver by subscription. The signal was usually a slow-moving audio tape of "background music" or Muzak-type service, which was independent of the simulcast AM signal.

Some FM stations made more income from these music subscriptions than from their main programming. WITH-FM, in Baltimore, Maryland (1950s and 1960s), had to keep its FM carrier on the air until 2:00a.m. for restaurant subscribers, and could not sign-off the main FM carrier until that time and thus had to run a repeat of its previous day's evening concert on its main FM program line.

Growth as a radio format
One of the first beautiful music radio stations in the US was KIXL in the Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas, area. As early as 1947 it played orchestral music on AM radio (1040), and later on FM (104.5). KIXL changed to KEZL (as in "easy listening") in 1973, but ended with a change to adult contemporary in 1976.

In 1959, Gordon McLendon, who had interests in Top-40 radio in Dallas as well as other markets, decided to "counter-program" in San Francisco since several Top-40 stations were already there. McLendon established beautiful music AM station KABL (a tribute to the San Francisco cable cars, named by McLendon's executive assistant Billie Page Odom) which was successful through the 1990s. It then experimented with combining elements of Big Bands and soft rock until its demise in the early 21st century. It was reborn as an Internet radio station where it can be heard today.

In the early 1960s, the Federal Communications Commission adopted a standard for transmitting and receiving stereo signals on a single channel of the FM band. In addition to delivering stereo sound, FM broadcasting provided clearer sound quality and better resistance to interference than AM, thus being ideal for broadcasting the beautiful music format.

In Baltimore, Maryland, programmer Art Wander developed a beautiful music format for the 50,000-watt NBC affiliate WBAL/1090. The station format launched in the fall of 1960 featured music sweeps of lush instrumentals with subtle comments from their staff announcers. The format changed to sports and talk when competing FM stations broadcast beautiful music and easy listening.

In 1963, Marlin Taylor created a custom-designed beautiful music format at Philadelphia's WDVR. Within four months, WDVR became the #1 rated FM station in the Philadelphia market. This was one of the first big successes in FM broadcasting, and was instrumental in establishing the viability of FM. WDVR was a resource for mature listeners who were driven from AM radio at the time when WFIL and WIBG (and others) switched to rock 'n' roll programming. WDVR's billboards made the adult audience aware of the new station.

Airtime resell practice. Libraries of music for radio stations
Others, such as Jim Schulke, devised a method of buying air time on FM stations in bulk and reselling the blocks to interested advertisers. Schulke formed Stereo Radio Productions (SRP) to help his stations get better ratings and pull in more agency advertising dollars. His stations used six hundred 10+1/2 in reels of stereo reel-to-reel tape set on multiple machines so that 15 minute segments would play at a time, alternating from one player to another, allowing a varied programming format in which no half-hour was repeated within a two-week period. One of Schulke's stations using this "matched flow" concept was WDVR's chief competitor in the beautiful music format in Philadelphia, WWSH-FM.

Peters Productions in San Diego, California was active throughout the late 1960s through the early 1980s. At one time Peters Productions offered 7 different syndicated radio formats plus radio/television "station image" packages (custom jingle and integrated promotional graphics packages.) The most popular syndicated radio format was a beautiful music format on a library of 100 reel-to-reel tapes, with 6 new reels provided per month. It originated when founder Ed Peters was station manager of San Diego radio station KFMB-FM. The format aired on over 120 stations during its peak, and was known originally as "Music Only for a Woman." Later the name was changed to "Music Just for the Two of Us."

Stereotypical instrumental-vocal mixes, related to BM/EZ
Many beautiful music programmers constructed their own style of sets, incorporating some vocal songs, usually one to each 15-minute set. Most stations adopted a 70–80% instrumental – 20–30% vocal mix, a few offered 90% instrumentals, and a handful were entirely instrumental. Initially, the vocalists consisted of artists such as Frank Sinatra, Nat King Cole, Peggy Lee, Tony Bennett, Patti Page, Johnny Mathis, Perry Como, Doris Day, and others.

By the 1970s, softer songs by artists like The Carpenters, Anne Murray, John Denver, Barry Manilow, Barbra Streisand, Dionne Warwick, Neil Diamond, Elton John, Nancy Wilson and others were added to the mix on many stations. Also, some of these stations played soft songs by artists like Elvis Presley, Beatles, Billy Joel, and other rock-based artists. The main test for the vocals played was not the background of the artist but whether or not the song was soft. All vocals on such stations had to be soft. Therefore, songs like "She's Out of My Life" by non-core artists like Michael Jackson or "Live to Tell" by Madonna would be heard on some of these stations. On the other hand, even uptempo jazzier songs by standards artists, such as "Detour" by Patti Page, would not be heard on beautiful music stations except during specialty shows.

Also, during weekday morning drive times, most beautiful music stations increased the vocals to as much as 50 percent to accommodate a broader audience. While these stations were mostly playing instrumentals, some had a couple of specialty programs that were vocal-based such as a Big Band program on Saturday nights, a Frank Sinatra show sometime on the weekends, and maybe a program featuring Broadway showtunes.

Generally, the recordings heard on beautiful music stations were newly orchestrated arrangements of the songs of the day. These were available from the major record labels and performed by such artists as Andre Kostelanetz, Percy Faith, Mantovani, the 101 Strings, Billy Vaughn, The Living Strings, Frank Chacksfield, among others. When the record companies cut back on releasing this material, syndicators of the format had custom recordings produced for them, performed by many different orchestras from around the world. These new custom recordings were usually instrumental versions of current or recent rock and roll or pop hit songs, a move intended to give the stations more mass appeal without selling out. Some stations would also occasionally play earlier big band-era recordings from the 1940s and early 1950s.

Many beautiful music stations would air a few Christmas songs per hour beginning around Thanksgiving each year, increasing their frequency as the month of December progressed. The stations' vocal content would typically increase to about 40 to 60 percent of the playlist during this period, as well. There would then be a special marathon of seasonal music on December 24 and December 25. After the 25th, most continued to play wall-to-wall Christmas music until the first of the year. This concept was later borrowed (and expanded upon) by Soft AC, Oldies, and even some country music and Hot AC stations. Today, the average wall-to-wall Christmas format begins on Thanksgiving and ends at the end of the day around midnight on December 26.

The predominantly instrumental-vocal mix is still in use today, mainly by smooth jazz stations.

Declining years
Peters was the first beautiful music syndicator to sell its library in the late 1980s to Broadcast Programming, Inc., which then bought several other syndicators. (BPI, later part of Jones Radio Networks, is part of Dial Global as of 2012.) Bonneville, which had acquired the SRP and Century catalogs in the 1980s, sold its beautiful music assets to Broadcast Programming in November 1993.

Some beautiful music stations (especially on AM) successfully transitioned to adult contemporary formats, often with call letter changes to shed the "elevator music" identity. Many of these stations marketed themselves as playing many of the same songs from the original artists; adult contemporary had the benefit of having core acts that could much more easily be marketed and were more familiar to listeners, as opposed to the lesser-known and poorer-selling studio acts that made up the majority of the beautiful music format.

Beautiful music stations declined in the late 1980s and early 1990s as country music became popular and moved to the FM dial (formerly, country was relegated to AM). Many beautiful music stations, especially in rural areas, switched to country around that time.

While the seasonal Christmas music format helped salvage softer vocal selections from the era even as formats such as adult standards withered, radio industry writer Sean Ross noted in 2005 that this did not apply to beautiful music instrumentals, which remained widely unpopular. Ross noted that beautiful music drew as much revulsion from listeners as novelty songs and that the appetite for instrumental Christmas music, even among older listeners, was mostly restricted to newer instrumental cuts such as from Mannheim Steamroller and Trans-Siberian Orchestra.

List of instrumental artists associated with "beautiful music" radio format era
Some instrumental artists associated with beautiful music have included:

 * 101 Strings Orchestra
 * 12 Girls Band
 * André Kostelanetz
 * Anne Murray
 * Arthur Fiedler
 * Arthur Greenslade
 * Arthur Lyman
 * Bert Kaempfert
 * Billy Vaughn and his Orchestra
 * Bob James
 * Bradley Joseph
 * Burt Bacharach
 * Caravelli
 * Carl Doy
 * Charles Williams
 * Cyril Ornadel
 * David Rose
 * Enoch Light
 * Eric Coates
 * Ernest Tomlinson
 * Felix Slatkin
 * Ferrante & Teicher
 * Floyd Cramer
 * Francis Lai
 * Franck Pourcel
 * Frank Chacksfield
 * Frank Cordell
 * Frank De Vol
 * Frank Perkins
 * Geoff Love
 * George Melachrino
 * George Shearing Quintette
 * Geraldo (and his New Concert Orchestra)
 * Henry Mancini
 * Hollyridge Strings
 * Hugo Winterhalter
 * Jackie Gleason
 * James Galway
 * James Last
 * Joe Harnell
 * John Barry
 * John Williams
 * Johnny Douglas
 * Johnny Pearson
 * Lawrence Welk
 * Leroy Anderson
 * Les Baxter
 * Lex de Azevedo
 * Liberace
 * Living Strings
 * Longines Symphonette
 * Mantovani
 * Morton Gould
 * Nelson Riddle and his Orchestra
 * Nick Ingman
 * Norrie Paramor
 * Paul Mauriat
 * Paul Weston
 * Percy Faith
 * Peter Nero
 * Ray Martin
 * Richard Clayderman
 * Richard Hayman
 * Robert Farnon
 * Robert Maxwell
 * Roger Williams
 * Ron Goodwin
 * Ronald Binge
 * Ronnie Aldrich
 * Sidney Torch
 * Stanley Black
 * Syd Dale
 * Tony Mottola
 * Victor Young
 * Wes Montgomery

List of vocal artists associated with "beautiful music" radio format era
Among the vocal artists featured on beautiful music stations may include many of the same ones featured on the adult standards format and others:

 * ABBA (softer selections)
 * Andy Williams
 * Anita Kerr Singers
 * Anne Murray
 * B.J. Thomas
 * Barbra Streisand
 * Barry Manilow
 * Bing Crosby
 * Captain & Tennille
 * Carly Simon
 * Connie Francis
 * Dan Fogelberg
 * Dean Martin
 * Diana Krall
 * Doris Day
 * Elvis Presley (softer selections)
 * Engelbert Humperdinck
 * Frank Sinatra
 * Harry Connick, Jr.
 * Helen Reddy
 * Jack Jones
 * Jo Stafford
 * John Denver
 * John Gary
 * Johnny Mann Singers
 * Johnny Mathis
 * Linda Ronstadt
 * Matt Monro
 * Melissa Manchester
 * Michael Bublé
 * Nana Mouskouri
 * Nancy Wilson
 * Nat King Cole
 * Neil Diamond
 * Norah Jones
 * Olivia Newton-John
 * Patti Page
 * Perry Como
 * Petula Clark
 * Ray Charles Singers
 * Ray Conniff Singers
 * Ronnie Dove
 * Rosemary Clooney
 * Sérgio Mendes
 * Snatam Kaur
 * Steve Lawrence
 * The Association
 * The Beatles (softer selections)
 * The Carpenters
 * The Lettermen
 * Vic Damone

Today
Today's smooth jazz radio stations maintain the structure and style of the beautiful music format. The format continues on a few non-commercial radio stations, including KCEA (89.1 FM) in Atherton, California; KWXY (1340 AM) in Palm Springs, California KLUX (89.5 FM) in Corpus Christi, Texas; KHOY (88.1 FM) in Laredo, Texas; KNCT-FM (91.3 FM) in Killeen, Texas; KGUD (90.7 FM) in Longmont, Colorado.

Jones College of Jacksonville operated WKTZ-FM, a beautiful music noncommercial station, from its 1964 founding until 2014, when it sold the station (and sister station WJAX) to national Christian broadcaster Educational Media Foundation for $3.375 million. EMF ended the beautiful music format and switched WKTZ-FM to WJKV, broadcasting its in-house satellite K-Love network.

Some commercial beautiful music stations still exist, often in areas with large retiree populations. These are often popular in their markets. An annual influx of vacationers from colder climates has helped such stations as KAHM (102.1 MHz) in Prescott, Arizona, and, until 2021 KWXY (1340 kHz) in Cathedral City, California. Most of the remaining commercial beautiful music stations are primarily in markets with major resorts. An exception is WGCY in Gibson City, Illinois which serves rural areas in Central Illinois with mostly instrumental beautiful music.

Today most stations that play beautiful music are either characterized as nostalgia, smooth jazz or easy listening. In Canada, Evanov Communications' "Jewel"-branded stations in Ontario and Quebec (including CKDX-FM in metro Toronto, CJWL-FM in Ottawa, and CHSV-FM in metropolitan Montreal, among others), which play soft adult contemporary music during the day and standards in the evening, feature an hour of traditional beautiful music from 11:00 p.m. to midnight, dubbing the program "The Instrumental Concert Series". The Cleveland market features non-profit WKHR 91.5, which plays many classic beautiful and light jazz instrumentals from the 1930s through the 1960s, as well as timeless pop and jazz vocals.

Radio production veteran Jason 'Jake' Longwell, currently produces and hosts a weekly hour long radio program devoted to Beautiful Music called Something Beautiful.

Beautiful music without FM radio
Sirius XM Satellite Radio programs a dedicated beautiful music channel, Escape, for its subscribers, and such services as Music Choice and DMX provide the format as part of their offerings to cable and satellite television subscribers.

Muzak also provides several beautiful music channels which are described as "environmental" background music channels.

Instrumental beautiful music can also be found on a number of Internet radio feeds. Some stations listed below have Internet "doubles" streaming their former BM/EZ formats, such as WMEZ in Pensacola, Florida. Additionally, many airchecks of BM/EZ formats are available online, through YouTube or various radio aircheck websites.

List of radio stations, related to BM/EZ

 * WGPC in Albany, Georgia
 * WFBG in Altoona, Pennsylvania
 * WVTL in Amsterdam, New York
 * WPCH in Atlanta, Georgia
 * KGFM in Bakersfield, California
 * WLIF and WBAL in Baltimore, Maryland
 * KICE-FM in Bend, Oregon
 * WAPI-FM and WQEZ in Birmingham, Alabama
 * WHAJ in Bluefield, West Virginia
 * KBOI-FM in Boise, Idaho
 * WHDH-FM, WHUE-AM-FM, WJIB-FM, and WWEL-AM-FM in Boston, Massachusetts
 * WEZN in Bridgeport, Connecticut
 * WHBC-FM in Canton, Ohio
 * WBES in Charleston, West Virginia
 * WEZC, WBT-FM and WRLX in Charlotte, North Carolina
 * WDEF-FM in Chattanooga, Tennessee
 * WLAK, WLOO, WCLR, WNUS-FM and WAIT in Chicago, Illinois
 * KPAY-FM in Chico, California
 * WWEZ, WLVV and WAEF (later WLQA) in Cincinnati, Ohio
 * WDOK, WKSW, WDBN, WBEA, WNOB, and WQAL in Cleveland, Ohio
 * WXKG in Cookeville, Tennessee
 * KRDO-FM in Colorado Springs, Colorado
 * WBUK (later WTVN-FM) and WBNS-FM in Columbus, Ohio
 * KBOX (later KTLC and KMEZ-FM), KIXL (later KEZT) and KOAX in Dallas/Fort Worth
 * WDAQ in Danbury, Connecticut
 * WHIO in Dayton, Ohio
 * KDEM in Deming, New Mexico
 * KLIR and KOSI in Denver, Colorado
 * WJR-FM and WWJ-FM (later WJOI) in Detroit, Michigan
 * KPNW-FM in Eugene, Oregon
 * WAVV in Fort Myers, Florida
 * WFRE in Frederick, Maryland
 * KLTA and KKNU in Fresno, California
 * WOOD-FM in Grand Rapids, Michigan
 * WGLD in Greensboro, North Carolina
 * WBAQ in Greenville, Mississippi
 * WMUU-FM in Greenville, South Carolina
 * WWMD in Hagerstown, Maryland
 * WRCH and WKSS in Hartford, Connecticut
 * KYND-FM, KODA-AM-FM, KXYZ in Houston, Texas
 * WRSA-FM in Huntsville, Alabama
 * WXTZ-FM in Indianapolis, Indiana
 * WKTZ in Jacksonville
 * KCMU (later KCEZ) and KMBR in Kansas City, Missouri
 * KONA-FM in Tri-Cities
 * WFYN in Key West, Florida
 * WKPT-FM in Kingsport, Tennessee
 * WEZK in Knoxville, Tennessee
 * KXTZ, KORK-FM and KRGN in Las Vegas, Nevada
 * KPOL-AM-FM, KNOB, KJOI, KOST and KBIG-FM in Los Angeles, California
 * WVEZ in Louisville, Kentucky
 * KTMT-FM and KCMX-FM in Medford, Oregon
 * WDBN in Medina, Ohio (served Akron, Canton, and Cleveland markets)
 * WEZI in Memphis, Tennessee
 * WLYF in Miami, Florida
 * WTMJ-FM, WISN-FM and WEZW in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
 * WAYL and KEEY in Minneapolis-Saint Paul
 * WREZ in Montgomery, Alabama
 * WZEZ in Nashville, Tennessee
 * WVNJ in Newark, New Jersey
 * WKCI-FM in New Haven, Connecticut
 * WBFM (later WPIX-FM), WTFM and WRFM in New York City
 * KNPT-FM in Newport, Oregon
 * WDBO-FM and WSSP in Orlando, Florida
 * KWXY in Palm Springs, California
 * WPAT-AM-FM in Paterson, New Jersey
 * WMEZ in Pensacola, Florida
 * WEAZ and WDVR (later WEAZ-FM) and WQAL (later WWSH) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
 * KRFM (later KQYT), KMEO-FM and KDOT in Phoenix, Arizona
 * WKJF (later WKOI and WJOI) and WSHH in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
 * KXL-FM, KUPL-FM, KJIB and KQFM in Portland, Oregon
 * WHJY and WLKW-AM-FM in Providence, Rhode Island
 * WTVR in Richmond, Virginia
 * WPVR in Roanoke, Virginia
 * WEZO in Rochester
 * KAER, KCTC and KEWT in Sacramento, California
 * WGER in Saginaw, Michigan
 * KLUB-FM and KSL-FM in Salt Lake City, Utah
 * KQXT in San Antonio, Texas
 * KSDO, K-JOY, KFMB-FM and XTRA in San Diego, California
 * KOIT-FM, KABL-AM-FM and KFOG in San Francisco
 * KEUT, KIXI-AM-FM, KEZX, KSEA and KBRD in Seattle-Tacoma
 * WJYW in Southport, North Carolina
 * KXLY-FM in Spokane, Washington
 * KCFM, KRCH and KEZK in St. Louis, Missouri
 * WFLA-FM, WDUV and WWBA-FM in Tampa/St. Petersburg
 * WLQR in Toledo, Ohio
 * WGAY-FM in Washington, D.C.
 * WWYZ in Western Connecticut
 * WEAT in West Palm Beach, Florida
 * KUEZ in Yakima, Washington

International broadcasters related to BM/EZ

 * Radio Enciclopedia (CMBX / CMBR) in Havana, Cuba

title: Beautiful music


text: User talk:81.86.180.232

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:81.86.180.232


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Red Dwarf Remastered

Red Dwarf Remastered was an attempt in 1997 to bring the first three series of the BBC's cult sci-fi sitcom Red Dwarf up to date. A collaborative effort between BBC Worldwide and Grant Naylor Productions, it was hoped that remastered versions of the episodes would prove more appealing to broadcasters in international territories. Only Series I-III were remastered, although the BBC had commissioned for the remastering of Series IV and V as well. Doug Naylor decided to put the project on hold and wait for technology to catch up with their vision.

Changes
Some of the changes made for Red Dwarf Remastered included:
 * Replacement title sequences for Series I, II and III. These retained the initial image of Lister painting the outside of Red Dwarf, but featured a new attempt to realise the original intention to pull out from a close-up of Lister to the entire ship in one uninterrupted shot.  This was followed by a new fast-paced opening montage similar to those created for Series III-VIII.
 * All-new computer-generated special effects of Red Dwarf flying through space. Whilst the original series simply featured Red Dwarf flying through unadorned starscapes, the Remastered version added backgrounds such as burning suns, icy moons and coloured nebulae. A model dust storm was recreated in CG, and in addition to the typically sedate movement Red Dwarf was shown, in appropriate scenes, racing through space.
 * Additional post-production visual effects. Including a malfunction effect being laid onto the hologram Rimmer in Queeg, Holly on the monitors, transitions and (in close-up) borders being altered or added. Most significantly the starscape outside the windows of the ship interiors was edited, where possible, to match the new special effects.  Due to technical restrictions this was possible only when the camera was static.
 * Most other model shots of crafts in space being likewise replaced with computer-generated special effects. For the craft Blue Midget, as with Red Dwarf itself, these modifications amounted to a complete redesign, and matched those that would appear in Series VIII. The new Red Dwarf was created as a 12' model, but due to space restrictions in the studio they were unable to use it. Minor changes to Starbug also reflected the ship's Series VII incarnation, with a smaller viewscreen and legs that would tilt backwards.
 * Further computer-generated additions and replacements. Including an extended sequence of the polymorph travelling through the Red Dwarf air ventilation system, a 'time hole' journey to backwards Earth, and various shots of elevators in lift-shafts. Other minor CGI alterations include those laid over existing live-action scenes, such as a grey opening and closing 'hatch' being laid over what was, in the original scene, a flip-top bin.
 * Additional bluescreen elements being applied to particular scenes, especially during the first episode The End. These included skutters placed in the foreground of an early scene, and more attendees being added to the foreground of the McIntyre funeral scene.
 * Replacement music and audio effects being applied to all scenes: the show in general was given a more detailed soundscape, a new stereo mix with fully remastered foreground and background effects. The audience laughter track was similarly remixed and adjusted. Changes were specific as well as general:  Rimmer's mother was re-voiced by a different actress in Polymorph, for example; Rimmer was heard to crash into objects after falling through the Cat in "The End" (despite his holographic status); and in the same episode the Cat was supplemented with a hissing noise as he made himself "look big".
 * All videotape work being given a full colour grade, and filmised.[[Image:Polymorph remastered comparison.jpg|thumb|A [[film still|still]] from Polymorph showing the before and after picture regrading]]
 * Cropping of the top and bottom of the original picture to leave a 14:9 "widescreen" picture. (Some versions only.)
 * Occasional close-up scenes with Holly in Series I being re-filmed with actor Norman Lovett. New jokes with the character were also added to several episodes.  Hattie Hayridge's performance in Series III remained the same as the original, however.
 * Trimming of some scenes, such as the shortening of George McIntyre's speech in "The End", the removal of Cat's fantasy mermaid girlfriend and the "Black card/white card" discussions in the episode "Balance of Power". Performed partially for pace reasons, and sometimes due to dissatisfaction with the writing or performance quality.

Reaction
The changes received a mixed response from existing fans. Design changes, in particular to the Red Dwarf ship itself, were generally disliked, and the shift from models to CGI was not seen as an improvement. There was an outcry at the changing of some dialogue, particularly with regards to the removal of certain popular sequences (such as the aforementioned "black card/white card" joke). Naylor, himself, stated that he was slightly disappointed with the results, as the technology required for the ambitious remastering wasn't available at the time.

Internationally, Red Dwarf Remastered was sold to Japan, South America and other countries with significant success — finding fresh audiences who were unaware of its remastered status. The availability of isolated audio tracks for language dubbing allowed the programme to reach more foreign-language broadcasters.

Most recent UK repeats and the DVD releases of the show have been of the original untreated versions, although appearances depend on a channel's individual archive — in early 2003 the remastered "Marooned" incongruously appeared during a repeat run of the series on UKTV Gold that otherwise consisted of the original versions; and they have also popped up from time to time on UKTV G2 in addition to Virgin Media's On Demand service. Netflix currently has the original versions on their DVD-by-mail service having previously provided the remasters on the web-based streaming service, and the remastered versions were inadvertently sold on iTunes until mid-2009 when they were "corrected" to the original versions.

Plans to remaster series IV-VI were abandoned due to negative fan and critical reception, although series VIII (produced in late 1998, a year after the completion of Red Dwarf: Remastered) retains the CGI model of the ship created for the remastered I-III. This was acknowledged in the show with dialogue about how the ship had changed shape to its original design before the Jupiter Mining Corporation made a number of cutbacks, thus retaining series continuity.

The 2009 Back to Earth specials featured new CGI Red Dwarf which was much closer to the original non-remastered model. Later, in 2012, Series X finally made use of the original 12' remastered model, albeit cut down length-wise to more closely match the original design.

Other remastering
For the release of the Series VII DVD, the first episode Tikka to Ride was remastered. This only consisted of replacing the original last-minute CGI effects from the original broadcast with up-to-date, 2005-standard CGI. The original version was also included on the DVD.

Non-UK releases
Remastered episodes have found their way onto DVD in continental Europe as the official series releases. Localised releases in Poland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg all contain the remastered episodes. The remastered episodes were also released in Japan in their shorter NHK broadcast edits featuring significant edits, different title and credit sequences and Japanese dubbing. The Japanese version of remastered pilot episode "The End" was included as a bonus feature on the English language DVD release of Series I.

The US Netflix streaming release (though not the discs) also used the remastered episodes for the first three seasons until the show was first removed from the service. When the series returned to Netflix, the original non-remastered versions were used (though with some music replacement). The series has since been removed from Netflix again. In 2017, the series was uploaded to BritBox, where Series I-III run in their original versions.

The Bodysnatcher Collection
The remastered episodes of Series I–III were made available on DVD in the UK on 12 November 2007 as part of The Bodysnatcher Collection with an identical release in Australia following on 7 May 2008. The box set includes all 18 episodes cropped to letterbox format but still presented in 4:3 as they were on the VHS release. The set also included documentaries concerning the Remastering project and the making of the original Series I and II (as these were absent from the original DVD release of these series). A text track is also included, detailing all changes between original and remastered versions.

The special features include what has been called the "original assembly" of the first episode of Red Dwarf, plus a lost episode, known as "Bodysnatcher", for which this set is named, which has been created in the same style as "Identity Within" for the Series VII DVD. The release also features commentary and interview contributions from Rob Grant, co-creator of Red Dwarf, marking his first direct contribution to the DVD releases. This set was not released in the US, and it is now out-of-print in the UK and Australia.

title: Red Dwarf Remastered


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Talk:Beautiful music

That's an interesting article indeed. It dawned upon me while I was reading the 7th paragraph that this might exclusively be about the United States. If that's really the case—I just don't know—could we say so at the beginning?  23:50, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for adding this!  17:10, Oct 15, 2004 (UTC)

 * Six years on, it's still almost exclusively about the USA (with one or two references to Canada-as-a-foreign-land). Is this because the format is exclusively American? If so, that's quite interesting and should be included.  If not, then the article is Wrong and needs to be broadened. fuddlemark (befuddle me!) 03:57, 13 October 2010 (UTC)

the once mighty FM radio format that relaxed and soothed radio audiences for decades... hmm. That seems somewhat POV to me. It seems ironic to mention this while actually listening to XM's Sunny, but, well, I think it is. ;-) Rtucker 01:28, 2005 Apr 5 (UTC)

This article could stand to be merged with Easy Listening, since Beautiful Music is a subset of easy listening. Comments? Bellczar 00:48, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Easy Listening is a style of music, whereas Beautiful Music is a radio format that makes use of Easy Listening. I think that's the difference.  And the articles reflect that: one is about music, the other about radio.  Where there is a lot of overlap is in the list of artists.  I don't know whether any differences in those lists reflect real differences or are just accidental.   Wasted Time R 01:47, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

The article mentioned Ed Winton as a programmer in the format but I'm surprised it left out his ownership of WWBA, a Tampa beautiful music station that often led its market's ratings, and usually pounded the tar out of WDUV when both were around. http://www.crazedfanboy.com/npcr/letterspcr222.html

Wikified, I hope
Having rearranged the stuff in here, and waited two weeks and seen no further major changes from the community, I assume that it's time to get rid of the tag. Bigturtle 16:55, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Wrong Chandler -- Robert Donald Chandler or Robert Kendall Chandler
This article contains a link to the wrong Bob Chandler. Robert D. Chandler is the link. Robert K. Chandler is mentioned in the article.--151.200.238.172 (talk) 10:27, 26 December 2008 (UTC)

Title
I assume the title of the article doesn't violate NPOV. Hallpriest9 ( Talk ) 22:01, 10 December 2010 (UTC)

 * Hardly. It's the name of the format.  Whether you find it to be beautiful or not is immaterial, that's what it is called. One could easily argue that neither beauty pagents nor beauty shops are particularly beautiful; nonetheless they are called such.  Disagreeing with the article's title would be POV, as this is what the format is called.75.216.153.25 (talk) 01:46, 7 January 2011 (UTC)

WZEZ in Nashville
WZEZ in Nashville, Tennessee was a perennial top-five ARB-rated station in the 1970s and 1980s and deserves mention, even if it is now soft-AC WJXA. It was owned by South Central Communications, which also owned WEZK and several other Beautiful Music stations. It was important due to Nashville's status as a recording center. It should be recognized in the table if not mentioned in the body of the article. 75.216.153.25 (talk) 01:52, 7 January 2011 (UTC)

Article Gutted
What a shame that one editor made huge edits that gutted this page (and nobody caught it to revert them) back in August 2011. It turned a rich and interesting page into something boring. Hondo77 (talk)

 * Agreed, the gutting was ridiculous. I checked out the pre-gutting version. In fact, the list of artists was okay, given how "beautiful music" is a format of airing music, rather than a stand-alone music genre. 81.89.66.133 (talk) 14:47, 15 September 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm back! Got some free time at work and un-gutted some relevant info on what "bm/ez" even was back in its days. And since mb/ez is also a format of music (w/o ads, simple as), I added some tricks on listening modern media without ads -- it may not be relevant to the "60's-70's-80's quasigenre" part of BM/EZ, yes. Still, it's relevant to the "the idea is simple: no ads" part of BM/EZ. 81.89.66.133 (talk) 07:49, 5 October 2022 (UTC)
 * An editor reverted some of my edits as "irrelevant". I mean... They wouldn't sell you LPs or cassettes with reels of "beautiful music" in regular "vinyl stores" back in the day. It's not THAT irrelevant to post ways to listen to the radio-only type of music that is "now-a-niche", after all 81.89.66.133 (talk) 11:17, 28 April 2023 (UTC)

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Please add examples
Please add some examples for us, people from Old World who did not witness the era of this kind of music. It is hard to talk about 40's music without putting it on. 81.89.66.133 (talk) 10:51, 14 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Fine. Is of doings myselvels, comrades :) I have found some videos on YouTube that feature BM/EZ: "WJBR 995 FM Wilmington Delaware early 1970s" and "WJOI FM 97 Beautiful Music aircheck around 1987". I hope it may be useful for someone who wants to scratch the nostalgia itch. 81.89.66.133 (talk) 14:42, 15 September 2022 (UTC)

Indiscriminate list
I removed the list of radio stations for two reasons. First, it is an indiscriminate, unsourced list that provides no backup for the tacit assertion that they run a BM format. Secondly, it's a highly OUTDATED list -- I went over the first fifteen stations on it and NONE of them still had a BM format. If there are any that still do, a reliable up-to-date source is necessary for each and every one, and this is not optional. I recognize that User:Poetictalkbox is a new editor who might not understand Wikipedia policies and guidelines -- in particular here, WP:V and WP:RS -- but edit-summary free reverts, with no attempt to address the problems, cannot stand, and the next step is likely to be ANI.   Ravenswing     22:47, 20 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Beautiful music


text:
Charles Beer

John Charles McWaters Beer (born November 24, 1941) is a former Canadian politician. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1987 to 1995 and served as a cabinet minister in the government of David Peterson.

Background
Beer was born in Toronto. His parents were Harry M. Beer and Elizabeth Greenway Holmes. He was educated at the University of Toronto, York University, Université Laval and the National Defence College. He worked as an educator after graduating and was the Assistant Headmaster of Pickering College from 1981 to 1986. In 1987, he served as director of the Ontario Conference of Independent Schools.

Politics
He ran for the Ontario legislature in the 1977 provincial election, but finished a distant third against Progressive Conservative Frank Drea in Scarborough Centre. He campaigned for the legislature again in the 1981 election, but lost to Progressive Conservative Margaret Birch in Scarborough East.

Beer was elected to the Ontario legislature on his third attempt, in the 1987 election in which the Liberal Party won a landslide majority. He defeated Progressive Conservative candidate John Cole by 5,185 votes in York North, located just north of Toronto. Beer was appointed a parliamentary assistant in 1988, and was promoted to Minister of Community and Social Services and Minister responsible for Francophone Affairs on August 2, 1989. In the former capacity, he started the Advisory Group on New Social Assistance Legislation in 1990.

The Liberals were defeated in the 1990 provincial election but Beer retained his seat beating Progressive Conservative candidate George Timpson by only 158 votes (Ontario New Democratic Party candidate Keith Munro was a close third). Peterson resigned as Liberal leader immediately after the election, and Beer ran to succeed him in the 1992 leadership election. He finished fourth, withdrawing from the contest after the third ballot.

Beer was on the left wing of the Liberal Party and played a significant role in developing the party's "Red Book" platform for the 1995 provincial campaign. The Progressive Conservatives won a majority government in this election, however, and Beer was among the Liberal incumbents defeated, losing to Frank Klees, later a cabinet minister in the government of Mike Harris, by almost 12,000 votes.

In 1996, he endorsed Gerard Kennedy's unsuccessful bid to become leader of the Ontario Liberal Party.

Later life
In the late 1990s, Beer served as the president and Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Executive Service Organization, a not-for-profit agency that transfers Canadian technical and managerial expertise to developing countries. He served as the executive assistant to George Smitherman, the Minister of Health and Long Term Care. In 2009, he was appointed to perform a review of Ontario Accessibility Act.

title: Charles Beer


text:
Talk:List of universities in Karachi

I am thinking of putting turning the main page into a table and putting websites for each school in the second column. —iFaqeer | Talk to me! 23:52, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)

This is now a mess. Either we make it just for universities or move it to "List of Educational Institutions" and organize it. —iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 03:48, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

Pruning this list
I would like to remove all except bluelinked items. Objections? Anna Frodesiak (talk) 18:06, 19 July 2011 (UTC)

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Karachi university
Student study fee instructions 111.119.183.33 (talk) 03:43, 12 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of universities in Karachi


text:
Talk:Ketch

Public domain image scanned from original source formerly illustrating this article, now orphaned, placed here in talk in case anyone in the future might find it of some use. -- Infrogmation 23:53, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I think this page needs organising better to separate out gaff and bermudan ketches, and to illustrate each. I have images of both, and am happy to sort it out.Skipperjeru (talk) 19:46, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

Yawl Ketch misnomer
(Boatmik (talk) 08:37, 3 May 2008 (UTC)) The explanation given for the difference is the modern one which is generally accepted. However the historical division sheds more light on the types and words.

The definition given in the article is a legalistic one from yacht racing handicapping rules.

Relative to the rudderpost definition means you can move the mizzen two inches and it suddenly changes from a ketch to a yawl. This is hardly a rational function based reason.

Yawl L. Francis Herreshoff (1890 -1972), the great American yacht designer debunks this use saying that a "Yawlboat is a Ship's boat resembling a Pinnace." (I don't remember which book he talks about this in - it may have been the "L Francis Herreshoff Reader" a collection of magazine articles) So it was primarily a rowboat with auxilary sails. A rowboat needs the middle of the boat clear so the oars can be used so that forces the masts out to the ends of the boat. My thinking would indicate that they were usually steered with an oar.

A Ketch on the other hand is related to the word "catch" (maybe middle English Cacchen - to catch or antecedent). It is a fishing boat. I have seen dictionary references for this when I did the research.

Most fishing boats had transom hung rudders (steering at the back) so the mizzen mast had to go in front of the tiller - which moves it further forward than in a yawl.

Also - and this is where the article is correct having the sail more forward means it can be bigger than the yawl and have some driving power allowing the bow to be held close to the wind. The function is that when fishing you could drop or brail the mainsail and leave the mizzen out and it had enough power to keep the boat moving forward while leaving the main deck completely clear for the nets and the catch.

So a yawl is originally a rowing boat with auxilary sail that is carried on a larger boat and a ketch is originally a fishing boat.

The modern use of the words was to allow an estimation of a racing boat's performance and is intensly legal. It might come from the CCA (Cruising Club of America) or the RORC (Royal Ocean Racing Club) rule or their predecessors.

The rules attempt to estimate the performance of a yacht and are legalistic in intent and structure. Which is why a one inch movement of the mizzen mast can change it from a ketch to a yawl and back again.

The rationale for the difference under the rules were All boats require the sails to balance each other - if you put more sail at the front - you need more sail at the back.

A "ketch" under the rule has the mizzen mast further forward so the sail can be larger and the lever arm to the pivot point of the yacht is shorter.

A yawl has the mizzen mast more near the very back of the boat so the sail can be smaller as the lever arm is longer.

As the result the ketch was a more effectively sized sail (ie bigger) and on a bigger mast which could be used to carry quite large extra sails when going downwind.

So the rule had to estimate ketches as being reasonably fast and yawls as a bit slower so had ratios to go into the handicap system.

I don't have the references any more - does anyone have access to books that shed light on some of my remembered references?

Best wishes Michael Storer

--

Cut from the definition of a ketch from "The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea - Peter Kemp (p.447)"

"A sailing vessel with two masts, the recognised description being that the mizzen is stepped before the rudder head, while in a yawl it is stepped abaft.

This however is not an exact definition, the true definition between the two rigs depending on the size of the mizzen sail: if the difference depended on the position of the mizzen mast, most of the yawl-rigged beach boats, including the well-known Northolk yawls, would be ketches. The original name in England was "catch", but although this suggests that they were used primarily for fishing, there main use was in fact as small coastal trading vessels ... ... "

58.6.67.176 (talk)Regards - Keith Phillips58.6.67.176 (talk)

ketch/yawl differences.The importance of mainsail weight.
One important difference that has not been mentioned is that as an outcome of the different placement of the mizzen mast there is a distinct difference in the relative size of the mizzen sail area compared to the mainsail.In nearly all yawls the mizzen is much smaller -less than 20% of the main area whereas in a ketch it is usually greater than 30% and closer to 50%. Some ketches have the mizzen close to the mainsail size, whereas this is impossible with a yawl due to the mast placement.I cant agree with the banner saying this article is too difficult for a non expert.There are thousands of articles in wiki which a non expert would have difficulty following.I think this one has a reasonable balance. As for the "2inch" comments. That is probably correct but is the price we pay for living in a very technical world. In Nz the number of yawls is tiny and ketches are few and far between.The main reason being the expense of having 2 masts, lots extra of rigging extra sails and the up keep of this. Most keelboats in New Zealand are less than 40feet so the sails are still of a small enough size to be handled by a small family crew or a few friends. As sails get lighter due to better materials, electric winches and furling mains become more common, there is less need for the 2 mast boat(either yawl or ketch) even in the larger size say over 50 feet.Its a different matter when you get to say 80-100 feet when the 2 masted boat with their smaller sails  once again becomes sensible. Not too many people have access to 20 well trained gorilla seamen to handle a 100 foot sloop main, even if it is made of fancy synthetic material.1%.

typo?
How can the shorter mizzen (introduction) at the same time be bigger ("The mizzen is bigger to hold the bow (front) ..." Derivation)? HJJHolm (talk) 14:49, 31 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Don't have the expertise to want to make an edit - experts please jump in - but there's no contradiction between the mizzen mast being shorter and the mizzen (sail) bigger. Or is the mizzen sail in a ketch bigger than in other similar vessels? Pol098 (talk) 13:58, 16 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Though I am not the author who wrote this confusing text, I believe I have now cleared it up. KDS 4444  Talk   03:35, 24 August 2012 (UTC)

Chichesters boomlesss staysail ketch
I added the sentence " One of Sir Francis Chichester's earlier Gypsy Moth ketches had five staysails (each of almost equal size), none of which were boomed. . I read about this rig decades ago, but have forgotten where! Can anyone remember which Gypsy Moth'' it was, and who wrote about it, please? Arrivisto (talk) 12:18, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ketch


text:
Cisco Webex

Webex by Cisco is an American company that develops and sells web conferencing, videoconferencing and contact center as a service applications. It was founded as WebEx in 1995 and taken over by Cisco Systems in 2007. Its headquarters are in San Jose, California.

Its software products include Webex App, Webex Suite, Webex Meetings, Webex Messaging, Webex Calling, Webex Contact Center, and Webex Devices. All Webex products are part of the Cisco Systems collaboration portfolio.

History
WebEx was founded in 1995 by Subrah Iyar and Min Zhu. It had its initial public offering in July 2000. WebEx was listed on the NASDAQ National Market, and then the NASDAQ Global Select Market, when that was introduced in 2006.

Services
At the time of the acquisition, all Webex applications were built on the MediaTone platform and supported by the Webex MediaTone Network (originally called the Webex interactive network), a global network intended for use with on-demand programs. The network was designed by Shaun Bryant, Webex's Chief Network Architect, and Zaid Ali Sr, Network Architect, to be one of the first SaaS platforms on the Internet.

In July 2006, AOL and Webex launched a business version of AOL's instant messaging software, AIM Pro, with additional features to help workers collaborate using conferencing tools offered by Webex.

On September 26, 2006, the company announced plans to offer a web collaboration "mashup" platform called "Webex Connect".

On November 17, 2014, Cisco announced an evolution of Webex called Project Squared. On March 17, 2015 this effort was re-branded as Cisco Spark.

On April 18, 2018, Cisco announced that Cisco Spark would be combined into the Cisco Webex platform. On this same date, Cisco rebranded all of the rest of their Spark products to Webex, including the Spark Room Kit—now Webex Room Kit—and Spark Board—now Webex Board.

On May 15, 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Cisco CFO Kelly Kramer reported in the month of April 2020, they had 500 million meeting attendees, and that equated to 25 billion meeting minutes, using its video-conferencing application Webex.

In September 2020, Cisco launched a new platform Webex Classrooms for virtual homeroom encounters.

On October 26, 2021, Cisco launched an update aimed to enhance virtual and hybrid in-person meetings and events, using AI-powered technology for their Webex portfolio.

Acquisition
The company acquired Intranets.com in 2005, providing entrance into the small- and mid-size business market through the company's customer base of businesses with fewer than 100 employees. It acquired the ability to offer online collaboration tools such as discussion forums, document sharing and calendaring while Intranets.com provided access to the Webex communications environment for its customers.

On March 15, 2007, Cisco Systems announced it would acquire WebEx for $3.2 billion. Cisco has said that its long-term plan is to absorb WebEx at both a technology and a sales level.

In October 2020, Cisco acquired BabbleLabs.

In February 2021, Cisco acquired imimobile, a provider of communications platform as a service (CPaaS) solutions for its Webex collaboration portfolio imimobile.

Goldman Sachs securities fraud investigation
As a result of a securities fraud investigation initiated by the SEC and by various state Attorney General offices, Goldman Sachs faced charges of issuing unfair research, including coverage of WebEx, and IPO violations for the period 1999 to 2001. Webex management allegedly dictated to Goldman Sachs analysts what the research should and should not include. Webex maintains the management's information was accurate. Another charge accuses Goldman Sachs of violating securities law in its allocation of shares in WebEx's initial public offering.

Raindance lawsuit for patent infringement
On September 27, 2005, Webex sued Raindance Communications, Inc., a competitor, for patent infringement. On October 14, 2005, Raindance filed a countersuit against Webex for patent infringement. Both parties sought both damages and an injunction enjoining further acts they claim to be infringing on patents. On March 31, 2006, the parties agreed to the dismissal of both actions, releases of claims for past infringement, payments associated with those releases, and cross-licenses to each other's patents. The agreement resulted in Webex receiving 1 million dollars from Raindance.

title: Cisco Webex


text:
User talk:Bcorr/Archive 200409

• CVA reply to Bcorr
Dear Brian

We respond to you but hope this is not a protracted affair as our computer resource time is restricted.

This matter is quite ridiculous and ended a while ago as far as we were concerned. When silly comments were posted regarding the ‘Partisan’ talk page, and bizarre claims of statement - when what was actually said was there to be read - we did not respond but left it to its own devises. It was also clear it was attracting people who appeared to have little idea (and perhaps interest) and were just climbing on some sort of bandwagon.

As said, we left the page alone and did not comment further and see no point and do not wish to engage in any further dialogue. Matters went quite for a while until someone posted a fragment under Italian Partisans. We never commented on this page yet Halibutt decided to continuously harass our individual talk page, demanding we do comment on this page?

In respect of our individual talk page, we would have thought this is ‘our’ talk page? As such, we husband and maintain it as we see fit and look forward to questions where we can be of assistance. We understand this site is an ‘open encyclopaedia’ and not designed to be a common internet forum, in which we hardly every take part, though I’m sure some individual members do. When chit-chat occurs on our talk page which is of no relevance or use to general readers, we delete it from time to time to keep the page to a minimum and leave only questions and answers that may benefit the general reader. In our opinion we do not invite anyone to edit our individual page, just because the system allows it, and regard it bad manners. If we post a question to another talk page and get no response, quite logically we believe the person chooses not to reply - end of matter. Halibutt seems to have a problem with this concept and appears to take great affront if ‘hints’ are made? Surprisingly, he also appears to feel at liberty and justified to affront others whenever the mood takes him?

We have no time or great interest in resurrecting old matters and ask you please advise Halibutt and his confederates to ignore us as we have nothing further to discuss. We will of course reciprocate. Hopefully a simple solution.

Regards CVA 00:56, 1 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Dear CVA -- thanks for your reply. I believe that Halibutt considers the matter resolved (see above).

 * Cheers, BCorr | Брайен 13:05, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Not entirely, I still demand apologies. Racism must not be tolerated. Anyway, have a nice trip. [[User:Halibutt|Halibutt]] 13:59, Sep 2, 2004 (UTC)

 * Apparently CVA has declined to either respond to your proposal or state a simple "I'm sorry" to me. . Perhaps I was asking for too much. Anyway, do you know what can be done? I really wouldn't like to propose a ban on that user, but I was offended and I still demand some reaction. [[User:Halibutt|Halibutt]] 03:51, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)

 * Dear Halibutt -- my sense is that after all of this time, there really isn't much to be done that will result in your getting an apology from CVA. I would urge you to move forward, and do your best to avoid CVA in the future if possible -- and to accept that, in the end, none of us here can make someone else apologize (see Apology for more on this). I understand that you were clearly offended, but it's really not possible to "demand" a reaction, IMHO. Ultimately, you could make a request for arbitration, but I strongly doubt that the Arbitration Committee would take the case.

 * Thanks for your patience, and please let me know if I can be of assistance in the future. Sincerely, BCorr | Брайен 12:40, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * You're right, we can't force anyone to behave in a civilised way. I withdraw from my demand of an apology. However, I warned CVA that any further racist or derogatory remarks will result in an immediate RfA. Thank you for your patience and sorry to trouble you for such a long time. Regards, [[User:Halibutt|Halibutt]] 13:53, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)

• 33451/Mr. Grinch
I just wanted to let you know that it looks like we've managed to resolve this matter without resorting to mediation. See Requests for comment/33451. Thanks for your assistance and good luck resolving the rest of the disputes you're dealing with. --Michael Snow 20:53, 1 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the note -- I appreciate it and your work to resolve this matter. BCorr | Брайен 13:05, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Main Page link
Are you still seeing the link in "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia" as red, underlined and bold? If so, have you tried clearing your browser cache... or are you using a non-MonoBook skin? Thanks, Tom- 15:42, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the note -- I actually edited the template so that only the workd "Wikipedia" was linked after my comments, so I think that it's all fine now. Thanks again, BCorr | Брайен 15:11, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Er... yes, but I'd like to link "the free encyclopedia" too, but not have it display as a link. Are you still seeing "Wikipedia" as non-normal text? Tom- 16:06, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmmm... -- it works fine, except on my watchlist all I get is "From Wikipedia" in bold, w/o a link and w/ no other text... -- and my skin is a custon skin based on Monobook User:Bcorr/myskin.css and I'm using Mozilla 1.6b http://www.mozilla.org/releases/mozilla1.6b/ ...

 * Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 16:35, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Okay, it's just your skin making it red and bold. You can copy this from the main stylesheet to make it look like regular text (which is how it'll look for just about everyone else)...
 * #bodyContent #siteSub a { color: #000; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; padding-right: 0; }
 * Cheers, Tom- 22:55, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Objection to something on your user page
Hello Bcorr, I just want to record a minor objection to something on your user page, which states "Show the door to trolls, vandals, and wiki-anarchists ...", with wiki-anarchists linked to Anarchism. According to the actual anarchism article, anarchy (as the term is used by anarchists) is "a society based on voluntary cooperation of free individuals. Philosophical anarchist thought does not intend to advocate chaos or anomie — it intends "anarchy" to refer to a manner of human relations that is intentionally established and maintained." As far as I can see, voluntary co-operation of free individuals is an excellent description of the Wikipedia ideal, which includes typical anarchist concepts like mutual aid (voluntary reciprocal exchange of resources and services for mutual benefit), community-driven self-management and shared, public use of resources rather than restricted private property. So I would argue that the best Wikipedians could be called "wiki-anarchists" and that trolls and vandals have nothing to do with wiki-anarchists. - pir 10:04, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi pir -- I have to respectfully disagree with you. If you look at the Anarchy section of the page, you will see the following lines which fit my sense of how anarchism applies to some individuals at Wikipedia: However, in anarchist philosophies, anarchy means an "anarchist society", that is, a society where individuals are free from coercion. This is followed by, Anarchist theories have a fundamental critique of government, a vision of a society without government, and a proposed method of reaching such a society. I don't agree that at Wikipedia we are "free individuals" and I do believe in a government of sorts here at Wikipedia. For an example of a similar project which embraces a more anarchic philosophy along the lines you've laid out above, see Wikinfo.

 * Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 15:11, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• MC application
Hi Brian. Just in case you didn't see, Grunt has applied to join the mediation committee. It looks as though few of the committee have noticed the application though (at least, few have voted so far). Regards -- sannse (talk) 19:57, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks so much, sannse! -- BCorr | Брайен 20:36, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Snowspinner/orthogonal
I'm sorry, I don't think I would be the best person to mediate this as my views on the matter are far from neutral. Angela. 21:17, Sep 7, 2004 (UTC)

 * No need to apologize, Angela :-) I was just following up on the request. I'll let them know. Thanks, BCorr | Брайен

• Bush
Since you protected the page on the wrong version ;), could you remove Gzornenplatz's inane "notice" at the top of the page when you put in the, which I assume you're going to do?  Since it's not part of the article and just an attempt to score points off me, I don't think it's inappropriate to nix it.  Also, while this page does get a lot of vandalism (which is dealt with easily enough), it's important to note that what Kevin baas calls vandalism is just content conflict.  He is reverting to the point of restoring the link to a mirror of the Wikipedia article. V V  14:26, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * No problem, VV -- and I hope that we can all work this out. Many thanks, BCorr | Брайен 14:34, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Mediation
Update from Rex071404, here 21:33, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 22:02, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I have posed (2) mediation questions for Nysus, here [[User:Rex071404|Rex071404 [[Image:Happyjoe.jpg]] ]] 15:24, 10 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Support
Thank you very much for your support during my recent run for adminship. I appreciated it very much. If you would like to talk sometime, please drop me a note on my talk page or email me. Mike H 23:43, Sep 9, 2004 (UTC)

• The Orthogonal-Snowspinner Mediation
I noticed you contacted Danny about doing this, but don't appear to have got a response. I've just been talking to Orthogonal, who's wondering what's happening with it. It'd be good if this could be taken care of - any ideas? Ambi 23:52, 13 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi Ambi -- actually, Danny said yes here. Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 15:42, 14 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• How'd you do that?
I entered my first page on Herman Wells. Whithin minutes you snagged it, eddited it and reposted it. So do you monitor these additions constantly? Very Impressive non the less.

 * Hi, User:155.201.35.53 -- if you register, you too will be able to move pages like that one -- and monitor new changes as well. Peace, and I hope you stick around. BCorr | Брайен 15:55, 16 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I registered as Jamtexas.

 * Happy to help -- enjoy the Wikipedia! BCorr | Брайен 16:44, 16 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Offensive "(Wiki)Nazi" "logo"
Please review the offensive created by User:Guanabot. Thank you for looking into this as it casts Wikipedia in a terrible light. IZAK 10:59, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmmm... well, it's gone now.... BCorr | Брайен 13:57, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Maps
They're not mine, sadly. I'm just updating the license details. Even that's a big job (more suited for a robot). Rgds. Rich Farmbrough 15:31, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, then, thanks for doing something as tedious as that! Cheers, BCorr | Брайен 19:54, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Multilingual
A personal request, I see that u are multilingual. Would u be kind enough to list my name in the languages u know on my user page? ¶ ɳȉčḩåḽṗ | [[User talk:nichalp| ✉ ]] 20:17, Sep 20, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks ¶ ɳȉčḩåḽṗ | [[User talk:nichalp| ✉ ]] 19:11, Sep 22, 2004 (UTC)

• Thanks!
Dear Bcorr Hi! Thank you for unblocking me so promptly. I appreciate it greatly.

I see you have a link to the AMA on your user page. Are you a doctor? What are your views on boxing?

I love that sport, but many times, I tend to agree with the AMA in their stanid about it. If not banned, and God forbid that they do, at least some drastic measures need to be taken to make that sport medically more secure.

Well, once again, thanks and God bless you!

Sincerely yours, "Antonio Bullfighter Martin"

 * You're welcome! I'm not a doctor, but I play one on T.V. Actually its a link to this AMA for quick reference. I truly don't like boxing -- as a Quaker it's not really my cup of tea, but I did grow up watching Muhammad Ali all the time, as he represented a lot at the time. Otherwise, I just find it weird and brutal.

 * Anyway, I've see you and your ever-changing sigs since I got here, and I'm glad we finnaly got to meet, even if it was under such regrettable circumstances.

 * Peace Profound, BCorr | Брайен 20:47, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Need admin help re: Andrzej Golota
I'd like the article on Andrzej Gołota be moved from Andrew Golota. The problem is that there already is a redirect at Andrzej Golota and I don't want to erase the edit history by copy-paste-moving myself. For details see Talk:Andrew Golota. Could you help? [[User:Halibutt|Halibutt]] 15:51, Sep 22, 2004 (UTC)

 * Dzien dobry, Halibutt. I waon't help you do this because RickK is correct. If you go to Golota's official website at www.golota.pl, while the graphic has Andrzej Golota on the top of the English section, he is listed as Andrew Golota throughout the text. Therefore, the page is in the correct location as it is -- it needs to stay at Andrew Golota with a redirect at Andrzej Golota. It is not the same as John Sebastien Bach by any stretch of the imagination.

 * Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 16:50, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Christianity edit
Hi, Bcorr. I noticed your recent edit on Christianity, and commend you for removing the non mainstream blurb about the cross.

However, I would say that removing the part on Jesus judging humankind is problematic - it's clearly there as part of Jesus' own words in the New Testament. (I know western culture currently has a major problem with divine judgment. . . and the word - and term - is not currently in vogue these days.) Since this is a featured article, I thought I'd express my concern to you in a kind and conciliatory manner, as one would hope for from a Christ follower. If you'd like the citation, just let me know! (smile)

I also notice you removing the Protestent belief in the Priesthood of all believers. While this may not be mainstream to all parts of what is considered Christianity, it is mainstream in Protestant circles. Would you please reconsider and reinstate this statement? Thanks for all the hard work you do around the Wiki - it has not gone unnoticed by me. Happy Trails, --avnative 16:10, Sep 22, 2004 (UTC)

 * Hello avnative -- and thanks for the kind words. I'm certainly not an expert on Christianity per se, but those edits were all by the same person and seemed more like a somewhat dogmastic view from a specific denominational perspective, as opposed to a neutral point of view. However, I also assumed that someone with more knowledge than me would add it back in, if those points were really universally accepted as accurate descriptions by those who consider themselves Christians -- and those who would not. I hope that clears things up, and I'd ask you to do what you think is best.

 * Many thanks, BCorr | Брайен 16:50, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Good evening, BCorr. Divine judgment and Priesthood of all believers are added back in.  Believe me, these topics can be badly misunderstood (the televangelist's finger pointing at the television viewer comes to mind) but among those who consider themselves Christians, they do ring true as universally accepted, IMHO and knowledge of the Bible.  Again, the caveat about the Priesthood of all believers - allowing each individual believer to have the ability to go to God in prayer without the help of a Roman Catholic priest - is recognized as universal  among Protestants .  Obviously our Roman Catholic friends at Wikipedia would disagree with universal Priesthood, hence the caveat.  Wording is so important, eh?  (smile)

 * I left out the part about the cross being seen by some groups as idolatrous. These beliefs belong to a very few marginals within what the article terms Christianity, in my considered viewpoint - fair enough, I hope.  Also left out was the part about the Nazis performing the Holocaust - I saw another Wikipedian make that request of you, and I do very much want to honor that very thoughtful request.  Thanks for caring about NPOV in this article.  I knew there was a noble reason behind your edit, and trust all is well with the article now.  If not, please contact me, and I will work with you to make it acceptable.  --avnative 05:54, Sep 23, 2004 (UTC)

• Fleck Up
Hi. I noticed you removed Fleck Up from VFD after I had nominated it, and I wondered why. DJ Clayworth 18:23, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi DJ-- I wasn't trying to be presumptious, but it (along with another page it linked to) seemed so clearly to be candidates for speedy deletion, as they referenced the usage of the terms by some specific individuals, rather than by the "user community" for the game. If you think I overstepped my "authority," I'm happy to undelete them and restore the VfD listing. I'm heading out to lunch now, but just let me know, and I'll take care of it when I return if you think I ought to.

 * Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 18:27, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• mediation
Hey BCorr, just wondering if you could take a look at the Request for Mediation page whenever you have some free time, thanks :) --kizzle 17:19, Sep 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi Kizzle -- since this seems to have begun as an article content dispute, before I go any further, I want to ask you you have listed the page on requests for comment and mentioned in Dispute resolution to bring in more people to help resolve the dispute amicably? I realize the the sockpuppet issue is also there, but bringing in more editors might well defuse that issue as well. Please let me know.

 * Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 19:49, 23 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Redirects
Dynamic IPs? I didn't know that. I'll change them all back right away. Thanks. [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality (talk)]] 20:37, Sep 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * No problem. Thanks again, BCorr | Брайен 21:13, 24 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• this
I think you may be looking for Manual of Style (dates and numbers) (though I'd be more sure if I knew what you meant when you wrote "I didn't know this about dates"). If it's not helpful, let me know. I'm sure our "dates" rules are spread out in lots of pages. - Nunh-huh 21:34, 23 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Sorry about that -- I meant your note in that edit that talked about dates being formatted so that they show up in the manner that each user specifies. And thanks for the link. BCorr | Брайен 21:13, 24 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Discussion
I will not discuss with that ... guy! If you people want to know something or proffs about something please tell. I think he should be banned. He is using wikipedia because he dislike Portuguese people. For god sake, he said that "conosco" Google hits: 3.960.000 was archaic, the Brazillian movies were successful in Portugal, there were no dialects in Brazil, and there was a large differences in grammar between Portugal and Brazil. And I've only read a bit what he said. He is obcessed with me. He is CRAZZY! Any issue please you talk to me, I will not talk with that ignorant... But I do not want to loose my time with that filipino. He even translates expressions that only exist in Northern Portugal into English, and theorizes that it means "fuck off". -Pedro 20:31, 24 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * OK, Pedro -- I'll let him know that you've declined the request. Please note that according to Wikipedia's despute resolution policy he may choose to take the matter to Requests for Arbitration. Muito obrigado, BCorr | Брайен 21:13, 24 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• gnaa vfd
Hi Bcorr,

For the record I am confident about all of the votes and comments I removed having checked the edit histories of the users involved.

All I meant was that if I actually did make a mistake - which I'm pretty sure I didn't - please just fix the mistake instead of reverting the page into its previous, more chaotic form.

--Node 16:55, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the reply Mark -- Sorry if I seems overly sensitive. I won't revert you again, but please leave a more accurate edit summary next time. BCorr | Брайен 17:00, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Hello Mr. Cyrillic-jumble
Hello Mr. Cyrillic-jumble, I don't have an exclusive right to the IP 80.225.55.228. Someone else may have it tommorow. I can't log in due to cookie problems. I suggest you stop redirecting this IP, least of all because I will have no idea if someone posts something in 80.255's talk page! 80.225.55.228 20:39, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Good point user:80.255. I've corrected the problem. Thanks, BCorr | Брайен 20:53, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• Edit war at PNAC
Thanks for leaving a message on my talk page. I have done as you suggested and listed the PNAC discussion page at "requests for comments", and hopefully it will bring some results - although I must say I doubt it will. Wikipedia seems very vulnerable to people who just don't care about NPOV to this newbie - I had assumed there would be some kind of heavier response to propagandists like this guy. Oh well! Thanks for your help anyway. CK 02:02, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bcorr/Archive 200409


text:
USS Requin

USS Requin (SS/SSR/AGSS/IXSS-481), a Tench-class submarine, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named after the requin, French for shark. Since 1990 it has been a museum ship at the Carnegie Science Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Construction and commissioning
Requin′s keel was laid down on 24 August 1944 by the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine. She was launched on 1 January 1945, sponsored by Mrs. Slade D. Cutter, and commissioned on 28 April 1945 with Commander Slade D. Cutter in command.

Initially, Requin carried heavier armament than usual for a fleet submarine, perhaps because Commander Cutter was one of the most decorated submarine commanding officers going to sea. She had an additional 5 in/25-caliber deck gun, as well as two 24-tube 5 in rocket launchers, which were intended for use in bombarding Japan during Operation Downfall, the planned invasion of Kyūshū (Operation Olympic) and Honshū (Operation Coronet).

Shakedown and first conversion

Following shakedown off the New England coast, Requin departed Portsmouth, on 3 June 1945 en route to Hawaii. She joined the Pacific Fleet on 13 July at Balboa, Panama, and at the end of the month reached Pearl Harbor. However, two weeks after her arrival, three days before she was to begin her first war patrol, World War II ended, and Requin was recalled and ordered back to the Atlantic.

Requin arrived at Staten Island, New York, on 18 September to begin what would be, in the words of Commander Cutter, "a dull and boring assignment," essentially becoming a target for sonar school ships. On 6 January 1946, she sailed for Key West, Florida, where she joined Submarine Squadron 4 (SubRon 4). August through November of that year was spent at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine, being converted to a radar picket submarine under project MIGRAINE. Her four stern torpedo tubes were removed, along with both of her deck guns and her aft anti-aircraft cannon. Two of her forward torpedo tubes were inactivated, and she was reduced to only ten torpedoes. She also received a new skipper; in October 1946, Commander George L. Street III, who earned the Medal of Honor during the war, took command.

Radar picket operations
After leaving the yard, she resumed operations in the western Atlantic and in the fall of 1947 moved north for exercises with her sister radar picket submarine USS Spinax (SS-489); on 13 November, she crossed the Arctic Circle. Given hull classification symbol SSR-481 on 20 January 1948, Requin began modification to the MIGRAINE II Radar Picket configuration at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine. In December, she departed the shipyard after completing trials with new radar equipment. She reported to New London, Connecticut for duty with Submarine Squadron 8.

In May 1949, she sailed east for her first deployment with the Sixth Fleet. Arriving at Gibraltar on 14 May, she operated in the Mediterranean Sea until 30 June. Soon after returning to New London, Requin was transferred to Norfolk, Virginia for duty with SubRon 6. Into the spring of 1950, she operated in the western Atlantic, ranging from Nova Scotia to the West Indies. Overhaul occupied most of the summer, and with the end of the year, she prepared for another Sixth Fleet tour. In the Mediterranean from mid-January to mid-May 1951, she resumed operations off the East Coast and in the Caribbean Sea on her return. In August 1952, she was back in European waters. During September, she visited the United Kingdom; then, in October, the submarine transited the Strait of Gibraltar for her regular Sixth Fleet duty.

In 1953, she maintained her schedule of Second and Sixth Fleet operations, but at the end of the year put into Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an extensive modernization overhaul that among other changes removed her last anti-aircraft cannon. On 2 May 1955, she sailed for her fifth Mediterranean deployment. Detached at the end of July, she returned to Norfolk. She remained on the East Coast, with cruises to the Caribbean, until November 1957, when she resumed duty with the Sixth Fleet.

Second conversion
From June through August 1959, the Charleston Navy Yard in South Carolina removed all of Requin's radar equipment and improved her streamlining. Upon her conversion to Fleet Snorkel configuration, she was given hull classification symbol SS-481 on 15 August 1959, and rejoined SubRon 6 in Norfolk for operations as a normal attack submarine, a role she retained until her decommissioning.

Requin conducted local operations off the East Coast and in the Caribbean Sea. In the summer of 1961, Requin served as a target for Task Group Alpha led by USS Saratoga CVA 60. Requin conducted a periscope approach on Saratoga and launched a simulated torpedo attack. Then a helicopter dropped an exercise torpedo on Requin, which hit forward and made several re-attacks bouncing down the port side of the submarine. On 20 September 1963, Requin completed her 5000th dive. From 7 January 1964 into May, she operated with the Sixth Fleet, then resumed her Second Fleet duties into 1968, interrupted only twice for extended deployments. Operation UNITAS VII in the fall of 1966 called for Requin to cruise around the South American continent for exercises with various South American navies. Her last Sixth Fleet deployment sent her back to the Mediterranean for duty from 4 April to 27 July 1967.

Requin's last Mediterranean deployment began on 4 April 1967. On 8 June, just as she completed a series of exercises with the U.S. Sixth Fleet, she received word that the U.S. signals intelligence ship USS Liberty (AGTR-5) was under attack. Requin's crew prepared to go to the defense of Liberty, but received orders from the Sixth Fleet commander to surface and proceed to Crete.

On 28 May 1968, during her last deployment before decommissioning, Requin departed Norfolk, Virginia, as part of the search effort for the missing nuclear attack submarine USS Scorpion (SSN-589). On 29 June 1968, Requin was reclassified as an auxiliary submarine, AGSS-481, and in October 1968 she began inactivation at Naval Station Norfolk.

Decommissioning and disposal
Decommissioned on 3 December 1968, Requin was towed to St. Petersburg, Florida in February 1969, and served there as a non-powered Naval Reserve training vessel for Naval Reserve Center St. Petersburg, adjacent to Albert Whitted Airport and Coast Guard Air Station St. Petersburg. On 30 June 1971 Requin was reclassified as a miscellaneous auxiliary submarine, IXSS-481, and on 20 December 1971 she was struck from the Naval Vessel Register.

Preservation
On 17 June 1972 Requin was transferred to a non-profit memorial foundation in Tampa, Florida, and docked in the Hillsborough River adjacent to Curtis Hixon Hall and the Tampa Museum of Art, across the river from the University of Tampa, as a tourist attraction. She remained in this role until 1986 when the non-profit organization responsible for the submarine folded due to insolvency and Requin was closed down due to lack of funding and support. Except for briefly reopening in 1988, she essentially remained abandoned at the pier for the subsequent four years.

On 21 February 1990, Senator John Heinz introduced Senate Bill S.2151, which allowed Requin to be transferred as an exhibit for the Kamin Science Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. On 24 May, Requin was towed to Tampa Shipyard for dry docking and hull repairs in preparation for her move to Pittsburgh. On 7 August, she left International Ship Repair in Tampa under tow to Baton Rouge, Louisiana where, on 11 August, she was lifted onto barges and began her ride up the Mississippi River and Ohio River to Pittsburgh. On 4 September, Requin arrived at the Kamin Science Center. On 20 October 1990, Requin was dedicated as a memorial and museum exhibit and opened for tours.

Awards

 * Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal ribbon.svg Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
 * World War II Victory Medal ribbon.svg World War II Victory Medal
 * Army of Occupation ribbon.svg Navy Occupation Medal with "Europe" clasp
 * National Defense Service Medal with star

Former crew

 * Lyle Gramley, 1946-47

title: USS Requin


text:
Ovid (disambiguation)

Ovid or Ovidius (43 BC–17 AD) was a Roman poet. His name is used as a male first name, especially in Romance languages, often in variations such as Ovidi, Ovídio, Ovidio, or Ouvidu, and in some recent usage shortened to Ovi. It may refer to:

United States

 * Ovid, Colorado
 * Ovid, Idaho
 * Ovid, Michigan, a village in Clinton County, Michigan
 * Ovid Township, Branch County, Michigan
 * Ovid Township, Clinton County, Michigan
 * Ovid, Missouri
 * Ovid (town), New York
 * Ovid (village), New York

Elsewhere

 * Ovidiu, Romania
 * Ovidiu Island, Romania
 * Ovidiopol, Ukraine

Saint

 * Saint Ovidius (died 135), Portuguese saint

Surname

 * Juventinus Albius Ovidius, Roman poet, probably of the late 2nd century

Given name

 * Ovid Butler (1801–1881), American attorney, newspaper publisher, abolitionist, and university founder
 * Ovid S. Crohmălniceanu (1921–2000), Romanian literary critic and science fiction writer
 * Ovid Demaris (1919–1998), American journalist and novelist
 * Ovid Densusianu (1873–1938), Romanian poet
 * Ovid Glasgow (born 1945), Guyanese cricketer
 * Ovid Jackson (born 1939), Canadian politician
 * Ovid F. Johnson (1807–1854), American lawyer and politician
 * Ovid Nicholson (1888–1968), American baseball player
 * Ovid C. Lewis (1932–2011), American academic and university administrator
 * Ovid R. Sellers (1884–1975), American biblical scholar and archaeologist
 * Ovid Tzeng (born 1944), Taiwanese politician
 * Ovidi Montllor (1942–1995), Valencian singer-songwriter and actor
 * Ovidio (name)
 * Ovidiu (name)

Other

 * Ovid Technologies, vendor of online bibliographic databases and academic journals, chiefly in health sciences
 * Ovid Napa Valley, winery in Napa Valley, California
 * Lake Ovid, Michigan
 * Ovid (crater), crater on Mercury

title: Ovid (disambiguation)


text:
No. 230 Squadron RAF

Number 230 Squadron Royal Air Force is a Royal Air Force (RAF) flying squadron, currently based at Medicina Lines in Brunei Darussalam, part of British Forces Brunei, operating the Westland Puma HC2. The squadron was previously part of Royal Air Force Germany (RAFG), operating the Puma HC1 there from 1980. Following the drawdown of the British Armed Forces in Germany at the end of the Cold War, the squadron disbanded on 30 April 1992. This was short-lived however, and the squadron reformed at RAF Aldergrove on 4 May 1992, again with the Puma HC1.

The squadron is well experienced in night flying; almost a third of flights are undertaken after dark. The 2004 Future Capabilities chapter of the UK Defence White Paper, Delivering Security in a Changing World, announced a plan to reduce the squadrons Puma force by six helicopters. It was announced in late 2008 that the squadron was to move to RAF Benson by 2010. The Squadron re-equipped with Puma HC Mk2 in 2014 following removal from service of the Puma HC Mk1.

First formation
No. 230 Squadron was formed on August 20, 1918, at Felixstowe, consisting of three flights. Nos. 327 and 328 Flight used Felixstowe F.2 and F.2A flying boats and Fairey IIIs for maritime reconnaissance, whilst No. 487 Flight flew Sopwith Camels on escort duties. At the end of World War I, the squadron was retained as one of the few RAF coastal units. In 1920, the squadron got Felixstowe F.5 flying boats, and it moved to RAF Calshot in May 1922, where on 1 April 1923, it was renumbered to 480 Flight RAF.

First reformation
On 1 December 1934, No. 230 Squadron was reformed at RAF Pembroke Dock with Short Singapore flying boats. The Squadron used the Singapore until 1938, serving from Aboukir, Alexandria, Lake Timsah, and after a short return to the UK, RAF Seletar. On 22 June 1938, the first Short Sunderland flying boat arrived, the aircraft the squadron would be equipped with for the next 20 years, in fact until 28 February 1957, when the squadron was disbanded at Pembroke Dock.

Second reformation
On 1 September 1958, No. 215 Squadron RAF at Dishforth was renumbered 230 Squadron, flying Scottish Aviation Pioneer light transport aircraft in support of the British Army. In November that year, the squadron moved to RAF Nicosia in Cyprus as a response to the Cyprus Emergency, flying reconnaissance operations against EOKA Greek Cypriot nationalist guerrillas, as well as its normal communications duties. The squadron returned to Britain in April 1959, with its new base being RAF Upavon in Wiltshire. In 1960, the squadron supplemented its Pioneers with larger Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer aircraft, and in May that year the squadron moved to RAF Odiham. In September 1960, the squadron's 'A' Flight was detached to British Cameroon, flying internal security patrols as the colony prepared for the 1961 British Cameroons referendum. The flight returned to its parent formation in September 1961. Westland Whirlwind HAR.10 helicopters began to arrive in June 1962, becoming the squadron's standard equipment by the end of the year.

In January 1963, No. 230 Squadron moved to RAF Gütersloh in occupied West Germany, with a detachment at Nicosia. The squadron returned to Odiham in December 1964, before being transferred to Borneo, due to the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation in February 1965. In October 1966, the squadron again returned to Odiham, resuming its detachment at Nicosia. In November 1971, began to convert to the Westland Puma HC1 at RAF Odiham. On 14 October 1980, the squadron moved back to RAF Gütersloh, West Germany, where they remained until being disbanded and reformed at RAF Aldergrove, Northern Ireland in April 1992.

230 Squadron was one of two Northern Ireland based squadrons of the Royal Air Force, the other being 72 Squadron (equipped with Westland Wessex HC2s). 230 Squadron's eighteen Puma aircraft were rotated with No. 33 Squadron's fifteen Pumas to even out flight hours amongst the fleet (Northern Ireland based helicopters had a much higher operational tempo). The main role of the squadron was tactical transport of the Security Forces, including the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI), and the British Army.

On 17 November 2009, 230 Squadron eventually left Northern Ireland for RAF Benson in Oxfordshire (together with 33 Squadron from RAF Odiham) after 17 years in the province.

Kabul accident
On 11 October 2015, one member of the squadron was killed in an accident in Kabul, Afghanistan, whilst landing at the NATO Training and Support Mission HQ. A Ministry of Defence spokesman said the crash was "an accident and not the result of insurgent activity". The crewman was named a day later, and was repatriated back to the UK on the 20th. The Flight Lieutenant's CO commented saying "A man with exceptionally high standards, he was never afraid to remind anyone when he felt they could have done better. However, this advice was always delivered with his characteristic wry smile and good humour.  The Support Helicopter Force has lost not only an outstanding operator but a good friend to so many... his lasting legacy will be the professionalism and courage he passed onto all who flew with him.  A loving husband and father, our thoughts are with his wife and children at this most difficult of times." A post mortem found he died of severe head injuries. The inquest was adjourned indefinitely until the conclusion of separate inquiries being undertaken by the Ministry of Defence were completed.

The squadron was awarded a new squadron standard in February 2019 by RAF Benson's Honorary Air Marshal, Prince Michael of Kent. The standard, the third to be awarded to the squadron, is made of silk, and features the battle honours awarded to the unit since its formation.

On 18 May 2023, No. 230 Squadron returned to the island of Borneo, relocating from RAF Benson to Medicina Lines in Brunei Darussalam, as part of British Forces Brunei.

title: No. 230 Squadron RAF


text: Category:Aiken County, South Carolina

title: Category:Aiken County, South Carolina


text:
Talk:Moral Mazes

Untitled
Is the title a reference to "Who Moved My Cheese?" Dpbsmith (talk)]] 00:04, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I'm pretty sure that came later. AaronSw 4 July 2005 20:53 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:MoralMazes.jpg
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title: Talk:Moral Mazes