text:
Döhle bodies

Döhle bodies are light blue-gray, oval, basophilic, leukocyte inclusions located in the peripheral cytoplasm of neutrophils. They measure 1–3 μm in diameter. Not much is known about their formation, but they are thought to be remnants of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

They are named after German pathologist, Karl Gottfried Paul Döhle (1855–1928). They are often present in conjunction with toxic granulation. However, it has been found that certain healthy individuals may have persistent Döhle bodies found in neutrophils.

Associated conditions
They are seen in:
 * Burns
 * Infection
 * Physical trauma
 * Neoplastic diseases
 * Fanconi syndrome
 * May–Hegglin anomaly
 * Chédiak–Steinbrinck–Rayer-Buchanan-Higashi's syndrome
 * Leukemoid reaction

Pathophysiology
The presence of Döhle bodies in mature and immature neutrophils on a blood smear can be normal if they are present only in small numbers. They are also normally more abundant in cats and horses. Döhle bodies are intra-cytoplasmic structures thought to be composed of endoplasmic reticulum material; they will increase in number with inflammation and increased granulocytopoiesis. If there are many neutrophils in the bloodstream containing Döhle bodies, these can be referred to as toxic neutrophils. Toxic neutrophils can also correspond to neutrophils that possess a more basophilic cytoplasm, basophilic granulation (infrequently observed), or cytoplasmic vacuoles in addition to one of the preceding cytoplasmic changes. Döhle bodies, cytoplasmic basophilia and cytoplasmic granulation all reflect "defects" in cell production and maturation during active granulocytopoiesis. Just like a left shift, the presence of toxic neutrophils suggests increased granulocytopoiesis. However, in a freshly prepared blood smear, the presence of vacuolation in addition to toxic neutrophils reflects endotoxemia resulting in autolysis of neutrophils. This autodigestion is responsible for the cytoplasmic vacuolation. It is the single toxic change that does not result from the "manufacturing" process.

title: Döhle bodies


text:
Grant-maintained school

Grant-maintained schools or GM schools were state schools in England and Wales between 1988 and 1998 that had opted out of local government control, being funded directly by a grant from central government. Some of these schools had selective admissions procedures.

History
Grant-maintained status was created by the Education Reform Act 1988, as part of the programme of the Conservative government to create greater diversity in educational provision and to weaken the influence of local education authorities.

GM schools would be owned and managed by their own boards of school governors, rather than the local authority. Proposals to convert to grant-maintained status could be initiated by the governing body or by a number of parents, but would then be determined by a ballot of parents. Skegness Grammar School was the first school to apply for, and to receive, grant-maintained status, whilst Castle Hall School in Mirfield was the first GM school to open.

The Education Act 1993 made it possible for independent schools to convert to grant-maintained status, and for independent sponsors to set up new grant-maintained schools. Schools entering the state sector under these provisions included:
 * some Roman Catholic secondary schools, some of which had earlier been direct grant grammar schools: Loreto Grammar School, St. Ambrose College, St Anselm's College, St. Edward's College, St. Joseph's College, Upton Hall School FCJ and Virgo Fidelis Convent Senior School,
 * some Jewish and Muslim primary schools, including the Islamia Primary School founded by Yusuf Islam (Cat Stevens).

Grant-maintained schools were allowed to set their own admissions criteria, which were sometimes at variance with those applied by the local education authorities. Some schools successfully applied to become fully selective grammar schools, others introduced partial selection, and some practised selection by interview.

The popularity of GM schools in some areas was attributed to the poor financial support offered by local education authorities. GM schools were entitled to apply to central government for capital grants for essential building works.

The additional funding, distinct admissions policies and semi-independent status of grant-maintained schools were controversial and caused friction with LEAs.

At their peak in early 1998, there were 1,196 grant-maintained schools, most of them secondary schools. Within the state sector, they accounted for 3% of primary schools, 19% of secondary schools and 2% of special schools.

Legacy
Grant-maintained status was abolished by the School Standards and Framework Act 1998. GM schools that had previously been voluntary aided, or which had private sponsors, normally returned to voluntary aided status, while others became foundation schools. However schools could choose a different status, and a few became voluntary controlled or community schools. Though funded through local authorities, voluntary aided and foundation schools retain some independence. They own the school buildings and grounds, employ the staff and control their own admissions.

After the abolition of grant-maintained status, the only schools still directly funded by central government were the 15 City Technology Colleges. In 2000 the Labour government introduced a new kind of directly funded school, the City Academy, later renamed Academy. Following the 2010 General Election the Academies Act 2010 was enacted, vastly expanding possibilities for schools to become academies. It was described by journalist Mike Baker as "not an extension of the Labour government's academies, but the recreation of the grant-maintained (GM) schools".

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Grant-maintained school


text:
Talk:Usability testing

Definition used
This is a rather idealized definition that does not take into account the broad diversity of what people do under the label of "usability testing". In my experience, "usability testing" is a label for a very large number of different techniques for assessing a product. Even with this narrow definition, there's strong evidence that usability testing practices are so diverse that they aren't comparable, or at least not to the point where it is meaningful to discuss topics such as the appropriate number of test participants. Certainly, most "usability tests" are not controlled experiments. -- Ronz 15:31, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

Promotional External Links
Some of the external links are barely more than self-promotion. I decided to leave them all, but move the less informative, more promotional ones to the end. (Ronz 14:10, 31 May 2006 (UTC))
 * I'm for removing all the external links, adding internal references, and see how the self-promoters respond. Wikipedia:External Links Guide --Ronz 14:52, 7 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Removed everything that didn't fit the External Links Guide. --Ronz 19:04, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

List of things to test
I moved this from the article because its not encyclopedic and from my perspective misses what usability testing is all about. Originally contributed by Vmahi9 on 23 November 2006:

Here we check the user friendlyness of the application. There are several sub tests to be followed:

1. User Interface Testing a. Look and Feel of the objects b. Alignments c. Spell checks d. Error messages etc. 2. Manual support Testing a. User Manuals/User Guides.

--Ronz 17:41, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

Opinion about designers
Although usability may be hurt by design decisions there is no evidence that shows they are contradictory. And there is no evidence about designers focusing more on "cool" things than usability. (Mdediana 18:34, 11 January 2007 (UTC))

Agreed. Although the statement may or may not be true, it doesn't really belong in this article. If it was intended to be there as a reason to do usability testing, it is only one of many reasons. JayKinnis 04:27, 18 February 2007 (UTC)

Also Agree..pretty biased as is. Usability can conversely be hurt by developers/engineers and management overly concerned on product functionality and adding features without promoting usability. Because they understand their own designs and the technology they are often ignorant to the fact that average users will not be able to utilize their designs. If a section is to be added concerning detriments to good usability this angle needs to be included as well. 20seven  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.100.104.17 (talk) 22:31, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

I really think that usability testing includes testing how the user uses the manual because in my experience the manual is a part of the product. Without it, the user can't easily accomplish tasks without some period of self-teaching (time consuming). How well was it written? Was the way the information was presented handled by the user? Did the user use the manual at all? How does the user use the manual to find the information he/she is looking for? What about online help? Context sensitive? This is all a part of usability testing, in my opinion.

In addition, I think feedback on error messages that occur is very important. How many times have you received an error in windows that just said "An Error Occurred" without any additional information on how to resolve it or even what caused it.

If your look and feel is clunky, it is going to affect your users ability to use the software, won't it? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 152.133.15.64 (talk • contribs)

Usability testing versus usability inspection
Donmillion (talk) 16:54, 23 February 2009 (UTC) Usability testing is a technique used to evaluate a product by testing it on users. This can be seen as an irreplaceable usability practice, since it gives direct input on how real users use the system.[1] This is in contrast with usability inspection methods where experts use different methods to evaluate a user interface without involving users.

The first sentence seems to describe User Acceptance Testing - which can of course include usability testing, but is not the same thing AS usability testing.

The second sentence says that usability testing is essential to usability. Fair enough, but is it necessary to say so?

The third sentence is contentious: who says that users are not permitted in a usability inspection? I would certainly want to include them!

A better opening might be:

"Usability" concerns the ease with which users can undertake and complete tasks via some product (such as a software system), and the degree of satisfaction they experience in doing so. Usability can be measured by various parameters, such as time taken to complete tasks, frequency of consulting "help" resources, frequency of user errors while executing tasks, and subjective measures of satisfaction. Some aspects of usability can be assessed by non-dynamic methods (reviews), but others require active use of the product by representative end users.

Donmillion (talk) 16:54, 23 February 2009 (UTC) Donmillion

Since we're distinguishing (rightly) between usability testing and usability inspection, why do we have "Expert review" and "Automated expert review" sections on this page? They should be on the usability inspection page.

Jkshapiro (talk) 18:57, 29 March 2018 (UTC)

Claims about "first use of usability testing"
The people from Intuit may think they were the first people to do usability testing in 1984 but it's patently not true. I set up a human factors laboratory to do this at Digital Equipment in the UK in 1983, and that in turn was modelled on a lab that was set up by Bill Zimmer and John Whiteside at Digital's Spitbrook facility in New Hampshire. There's even a paper by John Whiteside, Dennis Wixon and others on how people use text editors, based on usability testing, that was published in 1982. That was just what was going on in Digital Equipment; when you take into account all the work that was done at PARC, at IBM and other places, I think one can conclude that the Intuit claim is entirely bogus and doesn't really deserve to be in here.

DrJohnBrooke (talk) 15:17, 28 February 2009 (UTC)

That plot?
Isn't that Excel(?) plot rather awful? Using lines instead of dots (or other markers) imo indicates a rather unscientific approach... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.115.114.42 (talk) 15:03, 20 August 2009 (UTC)

References Broken, Duplicated, with no Authors/Titles
References 2 - 7, 11, & 13 need to have Titles and Authors preceding the URLs, as in references 9 & 10. Some of the URLs do not lead to the specific source being referenced (#2), some are duplicated (#'s 7 & 11), and some lead to sites that require membership (#13). Below is an updated list of those references, with Authors and Titles listed should the URLs cease to function.

2. ^ Baecker, Ronald M. (March 2008)TIMELINES: Themes in the early history of HCI---some unanswered questions

3. ^ Veitch, Martin (April, 1997) Intuit's Scott Cook on users, usability and MS

4. ^ Jerz, Dennis G. (April, 2011) Usability Testing: What Is It?

5. ^ Nielsen, Jakob (March, 2000) Why You Only Need to Test with 5 Users

6. ^ Andreasen, Morten Sieker; Villemann Nielsen, Henrik; Ormholt Schrøder Jan Stage, Simon (2007) What happened to remote usability testing?: an empirical study of three methods

7. ^ ** Duplicate of reference 9. Remote possibilities?: international usability testing at a distance

8. ^ Gough, Dabney; Phillips, Holly (June, 2003) Remote Online Usability Testing: Why, How, and When to Use It

11. ^ ** Duplicate of reference 5. Why You Only Need to Test with 5 Users

13. ^ Spool, Jared; Schroeder, Will (2001) Testing Web Sites: Five Users Is Nowhere Near Enough — Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.254.70.240 (talk) 14:51, 17 June 2011 (UTC)

More modern examples
Seems the examples of this article are outdated (1982!) it would be great to have more recent examples. (Mulut2017 (talk) 02:00, 11 March 2017 (UTC))
 * I agree that more and contemporary examples would improve the article, but to add a comment: the 1982 Apple design guideline is old, but not outdated. Usability testing, and human-centered design more broadly speaking, is an approach and a process that ought to apply to systems design in general. The fact that it applied to interface design in 1982 and continues to do so in 2017 is pertinent to the article. For this reason, I would not recommend removing the example simply because it is old, though, again, I do see the value of additional contemporary examples. Radiotradition (talk) 16:20, 12 March 2017 (UTC)

vs UX testing
UX testing redirects here but is not mentioned at all in article. And opinions how "usability testing" and "UX testing" relate to each other are not entirely clear. Maybe mention this name at all in the page text? Mateusz Konieczny (talk) 08:18, 18 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Usability testing


text:
Talk:Jose Capablanca

This page was a duplicate. It's previous content is now on the talk page of José Raúl Capablanca. --Dmr2 09:35, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jose Capablanca


text:
Everton, Bedfordshire

Everton is a small rural village of about 200 dwellings (including outlying) and civil parish in the Central Bedfordshire district of Bedfordshire, England about 9 mi east of the county town of Bedford.

Geography
Everton is 2 mi north-east of Sandy, 16 mi west of Cambridge and 43.5 mi north of Central London.

Parish area and boundaries

The civil parish covers an area of 1087 ha and is boot-shaped. The White Way, a former Roman road forms part of the parish's north-western boundary. The north and north-eastern boundary is with Cambridgeshire.

Landscape

Natural England has categorised the landscape into National Character Areas. The village and higher land of the parish lie within the Bedfordshire Greensand Ridge. The western lower lying area is part of the Bedfordshire and Cambridgeshire Claylands. Central Bedfordshire Council further divides the landscape into more local areas. The west of the parish forms part of the predominantly flat, Biggin Wood Clay Vale. Mixed roadside hedgerows are a feature with grass verges and roadside trees of ash, field maple and oak. The occasional solitary farm dots the landscape. The surrounding area is mostly arable farmland. The village and higher ground are part of the Everton Heath Greensand Ridge, which has a fairly steep northwest facing slope backed by an area of undulating land forming the ridge top. Woodbury Park just to the north of the village is grassland and woodland. White Wood is an ancient woodland of about 60 acre. Most of the trees are pine but the lime trees are about 200 years old and some of the oaks date back 300 years.

Elevation

The village centre at 67 m above sea level overlooks lower lying land to the west that falls to 19 m. Tempsford Road has a 14% gradient. The highest point is 80 m at White Wood to the northeast of the village.

Geology and soil type

The village itself lies on Lower Greensand whilst the western area of the parish is on Oxford Clay overlying Kellaways beds. The two areas are separated by a narrow band of Corallian limestone. Around the village the soil is freely draining, slightly acid and sandy with low fertility. The western lower lying area has highly fertile, lime-rich loamy and clayey soils with impeded drainage.

The night sky and light pollution

Light pollution is the level of radiance (night lights) shining up into the night sky. The Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) divides the level of night sky brightness into 9 bands with band 1 being the darkest i.e. with the lowest level of light pollution and band 9 the brightest and most polluted. Everton is in band 4.

The built environment The earliest houses are thatched cottages dating from the 18th century. Most houses are 20th century including some council built houses along Potton and Sandy Roads.

The East Coast Main Line railway passes through the western part of the parish.

Public footpaths

A public footpath runs west then north to Tempsford Station Road. A stretch of the Greensand Ridge Walk runs right through the village; north-east to its start/finish near Tetworth and south-west to Sandy and beyond.

History
The name Everton comes from Old English and means farmstead where wild boars are seen.

St Mary's Church is substantially 12th century although the tower, nave clerestory and south porch are 15th century. It is built of coursed ironstone and cobblestones with ashlar dressings. In 1974, the tower was damaged by lightning and reduced to two stages from three. Corner pinnacles topped with weather vanes were added.

Everton was enclosed by Act of Parliament in 1802.

The village is close to the WWII airfield RAF Tempsford.

Governance
Everton Parish Council has seven elected members and meets bi-monthly at the village hall. Everton is part of Potton ward for elections to the Central Bedfordshire Unitary Authority.

Prior to 1894, Everton was administered as part of the Hundred of Biggleswade. From 1894 until 1974 the village was in Biggleswade Rural District and from 1974 to 2009 in Mid Bedfordshire District.

Community
Everton no longer has a shop (it having closed c. 1995) but is home to a pub, local church, and a primary school. There is a large recreation ground which contains both full-sized and five-a-side football pitches, a basketball net, and a fenced-in children's play area.

Licensing records for the Thornton Arms public house go back to 1822.

Public services
Everton is in the Potton Public Water Supply Zone (RW50). The water supplied by Anglian Water comes from groundwater boreholes and is chloraminated and classed as hard.

The Eastern Power Area of UK Power Networks is the distribution network operator for electricity. Cadent Gas owns and operates the area's gas distribution network.

The two nearest general hospitals are Bedford (Bedford Hospital NHS Trust) and Lister Hospital, Stevenage (East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust). Ambulance services are provided by the East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust. Bedfordshire Fire and Rescue Service and Bedfordshire Police cover the parish.

There nearest public library is Potton.

Public transport
Centrebus (South) runs bus route no. 190 south to Gamlingay, Potton, Biggleswade and Hitchin (journey time 1 hour 18 minutes) and west to Sandy. The service is normally two hourly, daytime only, Monday to Saturday. The Ivel Sprinter buses run a weekly service to St Neots (Thursdays) and Cambridge (Wednesdays).

The nearest railway station is Sandy.

Woodbury Park
To the north of Everton, off Everton Road, is Woodbury Park, originally part of the Gamlingay parish but now part of Bedfordshire. The grounds of Woodbury Hall were laid out by Nathaniel Richmond in the 1760s for the landowner, the Earl of Macclesfield who had married Woodbury heiress Mary Lane.

From the 1860s, it was owned by the Astell family of Everton House. Woodbury Hall is now owned by the Countess of Erroll. an Astell heiress. In World War II the house was requisitioned for military use.

title: Everton, Bedfordshire


text:
FN CAL

The CAL (Carabine Automatique Légère, Light Automatic Carbine) was a Belgian assault rifle manufactured by Fabrique Nationale. It was the first 5.56 mm rifle produced by the Fabrique Nationale. It resembled the company's highly successful FN FAL, but was an original design. Unlike the FAL, it was a market failure, although its development led to the more successful FN FNC.

Design details
Prior to the development of the CAL, FN had already constructed a scaled-down FAL prototype before shelving the idea as unmarketable. Noting the growing sales success of the cheaper and simpler HK G3 rifle, FN decided that for any future rifle to be competitive in the marketplace, it would need to use fewer expensive precision-machined parts. These would be replaced by less expensive castings and stampings where possible. While the construction of the new CAL reflected these design principles, it was still relatively expensive and complex, and met with no significant sales. It was eventually dropped for the even less expensive FN FNC. A small number of FN CALs were sold to the civilian market in the US.

Operation
Although the weapon resembled a scaled-down FN FAL, it in fact used a rotating bolt, unlike the FAL, which used a tilting bolt design. The earlier models of the CAL had a three-round selector system, which allowed the weapon to fire a three-round burst with each trigger pull. The CAL could also fire in fully and semi-automatic modes.

The gun used long stroke gas piston to operate the bolt carrier, and the bolt itself had interrupted lugs to lock it into the chamber. Locking lugs were cut diagonally at a steep angle. So while the bolt is rotating to unlock, bolt face is slowly moving back, giving primary extraction of the case. Similar feature can be seen on MG 30, MG 15, MG 17 and MG 34.

Users

 * 🇧🇪 Belgium
 * 🇨🇴 Colombia
 * 🇬🇦 Gabon
 * 🇮🇪 Ireland
 * 🇱🇧 Lebanon: Lebanese Forces
 * 🇲🇱 Mali: People's Movement for the Liberation of Azawad
 * 🇲🇽 Mexico
 * 🇲🇦 Morocco: Gendamerie Royale
 * 🇲🇲 Myanmar: Karen National Liberation Army; captured by the Myanmar junta
 * Palestine
 * 🇹🇭 Thailand: Royal Thai Police

For trials

 * Pahlavi Iran: Tested the CAL for consideration to the Imperial Iranian Army, but was never adopted.

 * 🇫🇷 France: Tested the CAL in the late 1960s and early 1970s for military adoption. It had a MAS-49/56 style rifle grenade launching system. But was never adopted.

title: FN CAL


text:
Talk:Ottmar Liebert

Untitled
What is the objection to using the description of new flamenco as a link, instead of calling it "nouveau flamenco" (I also don't see the need for the French naming) without a link? Also, saying things like "completely irresistible sound" isn't NPOV compliant. Walden 09:41, 2004 Oct 6 (UTC)

I'm also asking (see: User_talk:AdamSolomon) if he has permission to publish the album cover images he uploaded for the Ottmar Liebert article? Walden 12:21, 2004 Oct 6 (UTC)

Not sure if I'm doing it right the way I answer here, I was desperately looking for a "reply" button. Anyway, the using of the french word "nouveau" has a reason. Ottmar's first album was called "Nouveau Flamenco" and NOT "New Flamenco", neither "Nuevo Flamenco". When the album came out, the "Nouvelle cuisine" was very popular. Everything was nouveau, nouvelle at that time. This is where the album title comes from. Because it was NOT pure Flamenco but something different, much more melodic, this "nouveau" kind of established its own small "genre" in which other, mainly american guitarists followed.'' ''Keeping the name "nouveau" is important as well not to mix it up with the work of a guitarist such as Gerardo Nunez who is widely said to do "Nuevo Flamenco". I can give you more explanations if needed just drop me a line.'' - Boris (= User: Borya)''

Creative Commons
Apparently Liebert is releasing some samples of his work under the Creative Commons license. Does anybody know where one can find these works? Would they be good to upload as Images and added to the article? John Barleycorn 07:14, July 24, 2005 (UTC)

''You can find these works in Ottmar Liebert's own Listening Lounge to be found under http://ssri.biz. - Boris (= User: Borya)''

Subjective edits
Note that I'm a fan of Ottmar and his music so I will always speak in favour of him. Of course I know about the criticism that he endured mainly from the fans of well-known Flamenco guitarists such as Paco de Lucia. I'm not against critical statements or critical edits of an entry. But the August edit of the article about Ottmar was much more than critical, it was one-sided hatemail. The author appeared to know quite a lot about Flamenco but not so much about the origins of Flamenco as a blend itself and hardly anything about all the albums Liebert has published in the meantime showing various facets. Furtheron he attacked those who enjoy Liebert's music for what reasons ever directly as well. I made some minor corrections on it that did not lack subjective lines either, maybe. Thankfully another of OL's supporters whose English is better than mine went over the entry again so that it is much more balanced and objective now. I ask the one who edited the entry in August to remain critical but not full of hatred. And in case you need to vent about the later do it somewhere else, in a private blog maybe. - Boris (= User: Borya)

I'm not a connoseur of flamenco and I don't know much about Ottmar Liebert. That is why I came here, an usually reliable place to get info, to find out about the artist. Unfortunately, what I have found is a page dripping with hate and contempt and lacking in useful information.

That the hate in the page is so undisguised is surprising. I would not have thought that those who edit this page would let stand such a biased set of writings. It is also disgusting. And last but not least, it is ineffective and ineffectual. The hate would be perhaps more effective swaying people's opinion if it were a little more subtle, not so apparent, so obvious, so blatant. - Joe Observer

Thank you for editing the page and removing the hateful material. - Joe Observer —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.3.181.247 (talk) 17:18, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

Flamenco Rhumba
No need to persistently insist on rhumba. What are "elements of flamenco" otherwise? Not to mention that it's wrong what you say because Ottmar has used repeatedly other Flamenco rhythms as well, such as Tangos and Bulerias. - Boris (= User: Borya)

Who is Ottmar? Who is Liebert?
This used to be somewhat confusing: OTTMAR is an Hungarian surname, while LIEBERT  is a German one. However, Ottmar's Hungarian mother named him using her(?) surname as his first name. Ottmar Liebert is the creator of the Luna Negra band, its main composer/arranger/performer, and a genius at playing the Flamenco guitar, while brother Stefan Liebert has only occasionally played keyboards & other instruments. --AVM 22:58, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Surrender.jpg
Image:Surrender.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 04:37, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I fixed this. Kresock (talk) 00:16, 14 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:3is4Front.jpg
Image:3is4Front.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 06:54, 1 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Innamorare - Summer Flamenco.jpg
Image:Innamorare - Summer Flamenco.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 17:04, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Images added
I linked the album covers for the greatest hits CDs to this article. Kresock (talk) 00:23, 14 January 2008 (UTC)

Category
He is categorized now as Jazz guitarist. But isn't he rather a Flamenco guitarist? Ben T/C 23:30, 8 December 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ottmar Liebert


text:
Eurobond (external bond)

A eurobond is an international bond that is denominated in a currency not native to the country where it is issued. They are also called external bonds. They are usually categorised according to the currency in which they are issued: eurodollar, euroyen, and so on. The name became somewhat misleading with the advent of the euro currency in 1999; eurobonds were created in the 1960s, before the euro existed, and thus the etymology is to "European bonds" rather than "bonds denominated in the Euro currency".

The eurobond market was traditionally centered in the City of London, with Luxembourg also being a primary listing center for these instruments. Eurobonds have since expanded and are traded throughout the world, with Singapore and Tokyo being notable markets as well. These bonds were originally created to escape regulation: by trading in US dollars in London, certain financial requirements of the US government unpopular with bankers could be evaded, and London was happy to welcome the business to grow their own finance sector. Since then, eurobonds have grown to be a more general way to perform financial operations in a currency while using the regulatory framework of a separate country.

Terminology
Eurobonds are named after the currency they are denominated in. For example, Euroyen and Eurodollar bonds are denominated in Japanese yen and American dollars, respectively. Eurobonds were originally in bearer bond form, payable to the bearer and were also free of withholding tax. The bank paid the holder of the coupon the interest payment due.

History
The first eurobonds were issued in 1963 by Italian motorway network Autostrade, which issued 60,000 bearer bonds at a value of US$250 each for a fifteen-year loan of US$15m, paying an annual coupon of 5.5%. The issue was arranged by London bankers S. G. Warburg. and listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange. Allen & Overy, one of London's Magic Circle of law firms, were the lawyers on the transaction. Their conception was largely a reaction against the imposition of the Interest Equalization Tax in the United States. The goal of the tax was to reduce the US balance-of-payment deficit by reducing American demand for foreign securities. Americans could bypass the costly tax and Europeans could keep open access to US capital.

Electronic form
Like other commonly traded securities, virtually all eurobonds now trade in dematerialized electronic book-entry form, rather than physical form. The bonds are held and traded within one of the clearing systems (Euroclear and Clearstream being the most common). Coupons are paid electronically via the clearing systems to the holder of the eurobond (or their nominee account).

title: Eurobond (external bond)


text:
Remington Model 870

The Remington Model 870 is a pump-action shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms Company, LLC. It is widely used by the public for shooting sports, hunting and self-defense, as well as by law enforcement and military organizations worldwide.

Development
The Remington 870 was the fourth major design in a series of Remington pump shotguns. John Pedersen designed the fragile Remington Model 10 (and later the improved Remington Model 29). John Browning designed the Remington Model 17 (which was later adapted by Ithaca into the Ithaca 37), which served as the basis for the Remington 31. The Model 31 was marketed as the “ball-bearing repeater” and was well-received, but its many machined and handfitted parts made the gun expensive to manufacture. Consequently, it struggled in sales compared to the Winchester Model 12. To achieve better sales, Remington produced the Model 870 in 1950, which was more modern and reliable in its construction, easy to take apart and maintain, and relatively inexpensive.

The 870 was a commercial success. Remington sold two million guns by 1973 (ten times the number of Model 31 shotguns it replaced). As of 1983, the 870 held the record for the best-selling shotgun in history, with three million sold. By 1996, spurred by sales of the basic "Express" models, which were added as a lower-cost alternative to the original Wingmaster line, sales topped seven million guns. On April 13, 2009, the ten millionth Model 870 was produced.

Design details
The 870 features a bottom-loading, side ejecting receiver and a tubular magazine under the barrel. The gun comes with a plug for migratory bird hunting which reduces the magazine's capacity to two rounds. It has dual action bars, internal hammer, and a bolt which locks into an extension in the barrel. The action, receiver, fire control group, safety catch and slide release catch of the Remington Model 870 shotgun are similar to those used on the Remington Model 7600 series pump-action centerfire rifles and carbines. The basic fire control group design was first used in the automatic 11–48. Twelve gauge stocks will also interchange on the older 12-gauge-sized 20-gauge receivers, although modification is needed to fit the smaller sized 20-gauge receivers employed since the late 1970s. Several parts of the 870, such as buttstocks and magazine tubes, will interchange with the semi-automatic Remington 1100 and 11–87.

The original 870 models were offered with fixed chokes. In 1986 Remington introduced the new Remington "Rem Choke" system of screw-in chokes (also fitted to Remington model 1100 auto-loading shotguns at the same time). Initially, the Rem Chokes were offered only in 12 gauge in barrel lengths of 21", 26", and 28". The following year the availability was expanded to the 20 gauge and included other barrel lengths.

The 870's production for over 30 years had a design flaw whereby a user could fail to press a shell all the way into the magazine when loading - so that the shell latch did not engage the shell - which could result in tying up the gun. This was caused by the shell slipping out of the magazine under the bolt in the receiver to bind the action, requiring rough treatment of the action or even disassembly. The potential issue was resolved with the introduction of the "Flexi Tab" carrier. Guns with this modification can be identified by the U-shaped cut-out on the carrier, visible from below the gun. The cut-out, combined with modified machining on the underside of the slide assembly, allows the action to be opened with a shell on the carrier.

Variants

There are hundreds of variations of the Remington 870 in 12, 16, 20, 28 gauges and .410 bore. All Remington 870 versions are built on the same platform and receiver, but there are small differences that can be more than just cosmetic. In 1969, Remington introduced 28 gauge and .410 bore models on a new scaled-down receiver size, and in 1972, a 20-gauge Lightweight ("LW") version was introduced on the same sized receiver, and all of the smaller gauges today are produced on that size receiver. From the original fifteen models offered, Remington currently produces dozens of models for civilian, law enforcement, and military sales. 870 variants can be grouped into the following:

Norinco imitation
Chinese arms company Norinco has made unlicensed copies of the Remington 870, as the design is no longer under patent protection. The most common of these designs are the Norinco HP9-1 and M-98, the difference being that the HP9-1 has either a 12.5" or 14" barrel, whereas the M-98 has an 18.5" barrel. In the United States, where most Norinco products are specifically non-importable, this shotgun was imported and sold under the names Norinco Hawk 982 and Interstate Hawk 982.

Users

title: Remington Model 870


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Periodic table (disambiguation)

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements.

Periodic table may also refer to:
 * The Periodic Table (short story collection), by Primo Levi, 1975
 * The Periodic Table (Basher book), a 2007 children's science book
 * Periodic table (crystal structure), a variant of the periodic table of chemical elements
 * Periodic table (electron configurations), a variant of the periodic table of chemical elements

title: Periodic table (disambiguation)


text:
Scientific pitch notation

Scientific pitch notation (SPN), also known as American standard pitch notation (ASPN) and international pitch notation (IPN), is a method of specifying musical pitch by combining a musical note name (with accidental if needed) and a number identifying the pitch's octave.

Although scientific pitch notation was originally designed as a companion to scientific pitch (see below), the two are not synonymous. Scientific pitch is a pitch standard—a system that defines the specific frequencies of particular pitches (see below). Scientific pitch notation concerns only how pitch names are notated, that is, how they are designated in printed and written text, and does not inherently specify actual frequencies. Thus, the use of scientific pitch notation to distinguish octaves does not depend on the pitch standard used.

Nomenclature
The notation makes use of the traditional tone names (A to G) which are followed by numbers showing which octave they are part of.

For standard A440 pitch equal temperament, the system begins at a frequency of 16.35160 Hz, which is assigned the value C0.

The octave 0 of the scientific pitch notation is traditionally called the sub-contra octave, and the tone marked C0 in SPN is written as ,,C or C,, or CCC in traditional systems, such as Helmholtz notation. Octave 0 of SPN marks the low end of what humans can actually perceive, with the average person being able to hear frequencies no lower than 20 Hz as pitches.

The octave number increases by 1 upon an ascension from B to C. Thus, A0 refers to the first A above C0 and middle C (the one-line octave's C or simply c′) is denoted as C4 in SPN. For example, C4 is one note above B3, and A5 is one note above G5.

The octave number is tied to the alphabetic character used to describe the pitch, with the division between note letters ‘B’ and ‘C’, thus:
 * "B3" and all of its possible variants (B𝄫, B♭, B, B♯, B) would properly be designated as being in octave "3".
 * "C4" and all of its possible variants (C𝄫, C♭, C, C♯, C) would properly be designated as being in octave "4".
 * In equal temperament "C♭$4$" is same frequency as "B$3$".

Use
Scientific pitch notation is often used to specify the range of an instrument. It provides an unambiguous means of identifying a note in terms of textual notation rather than frequency, while at the same time avoiding the transposition conventions that are used in writing the music for instruments such as the clarinet and guitar. It is also easily translated into staff notation, as needed. In describing musical pitches, nominally enharmonic spellings can give rise to anomalies where, for example in Pythagorean intonation C$♭ 4$ is a lower frequency than B$3$; but such paradoxes usually do not arise in a scientific context.

Scientific pitch notation avoids possible confusion between various derivatives of Helmholtz notation which use similar symbols to refer to different notes. For example, "C" in Helmholtz's original notation refers to the C two octaves below middle C, whereas "C" in ABC Notation refers to middle C itself. With scientific pitch notation, middle C is always C$4$, and C$4$ is never any note but middle C. This notation system also avoids the "fussiness" of having to visually distinguish between four and five primes, as well as the typographic issues involved in producing acceptable subscripts or substitutes for them. C$7$ is much easier to quickly distinguish visually from C$8$, than is, for example, c′′′′ from c′′′′′, and the use of simple integers (e.g. C7 and C8) makes subscripts unnecessary altogether.

Although pitch notation is intended to describe sounds audibly perceptible as pitches, it can also be used to specify the frequency of non-pitch phenomena. Notes below E$0$ or higher than E$♭ 10$ are outside most humans' hearing range, although notes slightly outside the hearing range on the low end may still be indirectly perceptible as pitches due to their overtones falling within the hearing range. For an example of truly inaudible frequencies, when the Chandra X-ray Observatory observed the waves of pressure fronts propagating away from a black hole, their one oscillation every 10 million years was described by NASA as corresponding to the B♭ fifty-seven octaves below middle C (B$♭ −53$ or 3.235 fHz).

Similar systems
There are pitch-octave notation conventions that appear similar to scientific pitch notation but are based on an alternative octave convention that differs from scientific pitch notation, usually by one octave. For example, middle C ("C4" in ISPN) appears in some MIDI software as "C5" (MIDI note 60). This convention is probably related to a similar convention in sample-based trackers, where C5 is the basic pitch at which a sample plays (8287.12 Hz in MOD), forcing the musician to treat samples at any other pitch as transposing instruments when using them in songs. Alternately, both Yamaha and the software MaxMSP define middle C as C3. Apple's GarageBand also defines middle C (261.6256 Hz) as C3.

Using scientific pitch notation consistently, the MIDI NoteOn message assigns MIDI note 0 to C−1 (five octaves below C4 or Middle C; lowest note on the two largest organs of the world; about one octave below the human hearing threshold: its overtones, however, are audible), MIDI note 21 to A0 (the bottom key of an 88-key piano), MIDI note 60 to C4 (Middle C), MIDI note 69 to A4 (A440), MIDI note 108 to C8 (the top key of an 88-key piano), and MIDI note 127 to G9 (beyond the piano; one octave above the highest note on some keyboard glockenspiels; some notes above the highest-pitched organ pipes).

This creates a linear pitch space in which an octave spans 12 semitones, where each semitone is the distance between adjacent keys of the piano keyboard. Distance in this space corresponds to musical pitch distance in an equal-tempered scale, 2 semitones being a whole step, and 1 semitone being a half step. An equal-tempered semitone can also be subdivided further into 100 cents. Each cent is $1/100$ semitone or $1/1200$ octave. This measure of pitch allows the expression of microtones not found on standard piano keyboards.

French–Belgian notation system
The French–Belgian system defines the note C placed two ledger lines below the bass staff as Do1 and middle C as Do3. As in the scientific pitch notation, the index of a Do is shared with all notes above it until the next Do. However, no octave receives the index zero, the octave right below 1 receiving the index −1. Therefore while C4 in SPN equates to Do3 in the French–Belgian system, C1 in SPN equates to Do−1.

Meantone temperament
The notation is sometimes used in the context of meantone temperament, and does not always assume equal temperament nor the standard concert A4 of 440 Hz; this is particularly the case in connection with earlier music.

The standard proposed to the Acoustical Society of America explicitly states a logarithmic scale for frequency, which excludes meantone temperament, and the base frequency it uses gives A4 a frequency of exactly 440 Hz. However, when dealing with earlier music that did not use equal temperament, it is understandably easier to simply refer to notes by their closest modern equivalent, as opposed to specifying the difference using cents every time.

Table of note frequencies

The table below gives notation for pitches based on standard piano key frequencies: standard concert pitch and twelve-tone equal temperament. When a piano is tuned to just intonation, C4 refers to the same key on the keyboard, but a slightly different frequency. Notes not produced by any piano are highlighted in medium gray, and those produced only by an extended 108-key piano, light gray.

Mathematically, given the number $n$ of semitones above middle C, the fundamental frequency in hertz is given by $$440 \cdot 2^{(n-9)/12}$$ (see twelfth root of two). Given the MIDI NoteOn number $m$, the frequency of the note is normally $$440 \cdot 2^{(m-69)/12}$$ Hz, using standard tuning.

Scientific pitch versus scientific pitch notation
Scientific pitch (q.v.) is an absolute pitch standard, first proposed in 1713 by French physicist Joseph Sauveur. It was defined so that all Cs are integer powers of 2, with middle C (C4) at 256 hertz. As already noted, it is not dependent upon, nor a part of scientific pitch notation described here. To avoid the confusion in names, scientific pitch is sometimes also called "Verdi tuning" or "philosophical pitch".

The current international pitch standard, using A4 as exactly 440 Hz, had been informally adopted by the music industry as far back as 1926, and A440 became the official international pitch standard in 1955. SPN is routinely used to designate pitch in this system. A4 may be tuned to other frequencies under different tuning standards, and SPN octave designations still apply (ISO 16).

With changes in concert pitch and the widespread adoption of A440 as a musical standard, new scientific frequency tables were published by the Acoustical Society of America in 1939, and adopted by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955. C0, which was exactly 16 Hz under the scientific pitch standard, is now 16.35160 Hz under the current international standard system.

title: Scientific pitch notation


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Talk:Fahrenhype 9/11

Deletion discussion
from VfD:

 * Keep - Page already deleted, only 37,000 hits on google. -- User:203.112.19.195
 * Comment. You nominate it, vote keep, but want it deleted? -- Solitude 10:10, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment. 203.112.19.195 only has seven hits on Google, and that's only if you add the omitted stuff. Does that mean we should delete you? Joshua Ingram (talk) 21:53, 29 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Keep. -- Solitude 10:10, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Strangest VFD behaviour I've ever seen, but then again maybe it's different people sharing that IP address. I vote keep, it certainly seems notable. —Stormie 10:20, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete Good idea listing your ad on VfD, if the page had just been created hardly anyone would have seen it. I for one can't wait to not see it. Jongarrettuk 11:32, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * That really is clever on 203's part! but in the interest of NPOV, Keep: given the uncertainty as to the factual nature of -heit, it's useful to have a synopsis of the rebuttal, which in addition is notable in view of some of its participants. Once -HYPE clears VfD, a link to it should be included on the Fahrenheit 9/11 page. — Bill 13:27, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Certainly if 'keep' wins the day, it might as well be linked somewhere other than the votes for deletion page. Good luck with the edit war you'll create on the Fahrenheit 9/11 page though :)) Jongarrettuk 15:46, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Advertisement. jni 13:41, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. This is a legitimate movie.  You can even rent it on Netflix. --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 14:17, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the further ad DropDeadGorgias. I'll look forward to not renting it too. Jongarrettuk 15:46, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Heh, I just read my original vote and realized it came off a little spamarific. Still, being listed on netflix is significantly more notable than being listed on, say, IMDB or Google.  --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 19:09, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * Exactly, I have friends who are on IMDB, along with their grad school film projects. Getting in netflix is much harder (though as I've mentioned below netflix most likely bought a very limited number of copies). anthony (see warning) 17:03, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete advertising. Fire Star 19:13, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's no more of an ad than any other movie page. Rhobite 19:47, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Yeah, that's true. I should have said "delete previously deleted advertising." The current article seems harmless enough, but may not be notable. I may change my vote, I'll have to think about it. Merging with the existing Michael Moore article would work for me, too. Fire Star 23:22, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I do think that it should be combined with the larger Fahrenheit 9/11 article as this movie's notability rides firmly on that movie's notability. I change my vote to merge. Fire Star 05:07, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Should we merge The Wind Done Gone with Gone With the Wind, as well? anthony (see warning) 17:05, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)

- You googled incorrectly it actually has around 38,000 hits: end moved discussion
 * Keep - RustyCale 20:02, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Weak Delete - I previously nominated this for deletion, and I think it was carried. However, when I nominated it, there was no sign of release, little information, I wasn't even sure if it was real or a hoax. Now I see it's an actual product, however, that still doesn't make it notable. There are thousands of 'home' published, straight to DVD films, and I don't think this is a notable one. Wikipedia is not IMDb, although many films are encyclopedic. Darksun 20:12, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * This was on the front page of my netflix account. Surely it qualifies as notable. anthony (see warning) 21:19, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Suggestion -- add to Farenheit 9/11 article as "criticism/oppposing views"
 * Nice suggestion there. Adds something to the Fahrenheit 9/11 article and avoids an orphan link. Change vote to Merge with Fahrenheit 9/11. (If it becomes a big hit, it can get its own page back then.) Jongarrettuk 21:48, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I disagree, although it should be mentioned in the controversy chapter of Fahrenheit 9/11 along with Michael Moore Hates America and other documentaries critcizing Moore's movie. Frankly, I'm surprised this thread hasn't been closed years ago. DanTD (talk) 12:55, 15 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Previously deleted. Prior discussion can be found at Votes for deletion/FahrenHype 9/11. It's a real movie now so the prior justification to delete no longer applies.  I have a great deal of trouble with the argument that this can be notable one day after its release, though.  For it to be notable this quickly, I would expect to have heard about it through some other channel, especially this close to the election.  Still vote delete. Rossami 21:49, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non notable in itself. A single link or at most a half-sentence in Fahrenheit 9/11 would do. Ropers 23:17, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Agree with Ropers. Delete. Any movie that thinks Zell Miller and Ann Coulter are objective, reliable sources is obviously full of crap. Bearcat 07:13, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Not notable. Delete. Gzornenplatz 07:22, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * Strong keep - it features notable people such as Zell Miller, Ann Coulter, Ed Koch and David Frum all of whom are significant people. Google has indexed 2,820 entries People should cast their votes on the merits not because of their political beliefs.
 * D'oh - still with 38,000 hits it passes the Google test with flying colours. Capitalistroadster 06:09, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep – Seems notable enough to have an entry. – Smyth 12:18, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep -- I see not reason to delte.  — Frecklefoot | Talk 16:52, Oct 8, 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect - non-notable on its own merits, basically acts as a rebuttal to/attack upon Moore's film, and has no other context. -Sean Curtin 02:20, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep!, a legitimate film and therefore it deserves an article on wikipedia. Deleting it would be completely POV. Moore's film had an article months before its release. -- Crevaner 08:15, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * KEEP - There is not a genuine justification to delete the article. Its deletion would be a clear case of liberal bias. Shame on the people who have voted to delete it! -- Old Right 08:24, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I've got it on my netflix queue, and it's listed as "long wait".  I suppose this is at least in part because netflix is understocked, but it does at least say that there are a number of people waiting to see this movie.  Yes, it acts mainly (or maybe solely, I haven't seen it yet) as a rebuttal to Moore's film.  So what? anthony (see warning) 17:00, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: Here is the original discussion. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk)]] 01:13, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Good example of a clearly improper VfD deletion. Glad to see this one (like Sidney Morgenbesser), is back. anthony (see warning) 02:20, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. While I doubt I'll watch this film (or any with Ann Coulter in it) it in fact exists and is available. However, we should make sure not to boost it beyond what is justified by its influence/impact. That is, adding it to the F911 page is probably not going to fly, nor should it. Fuzheado | Talk 01:07, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Article does not establish notability. Gamaliel 18:57, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. There are lots of movies I don't like or agree with, but I'm not all over their pages demanding that they not express their Constitutionally protected rights. Joshua Ingram (talk) 21:48, 29 March 2009 (UTC)

Points
It would be good to have some of the movie's points summarized here in addition to a list of who appears in it. --Mr. Billion 06:56, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

Its also interesting to note that this film has never been released in th UK on either DVD or the cinema, nor ever shown on tv. Even R1 DVDs appear to be rare. Seems SOMEONE doesn't want any views opposing Moore's to be heard...wonder why not??

I don't think there is any sinister reason for the fact that the film has not been released in the UK or cinema, I do believe that a part of this article has been removed, it detailed that the film was very unsuccesful in the states & went quickly to the bargin bins & finally it was just being given away at republican confrences. Now if this was untrue then it's removel was correct if not then it should be added back to the article. Yours Grimm MD

I have added a website where the movie can be seen (FahrenHYPE 9/11 movie). Enjoy! Asteriks 11:19, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Not saying much. Fahrenheit 9/11 has never been shown on TV in America either.  Leobold1 (talk) 08:28, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

Asteriks you should ask someone to enjoy this movie, because it is a bad movie, moving away from points raised in Fahrenheit 9/11 to point a finger at Bill Clinton & claiming Micheal Moore is crazy, by someone who i don't believe is a phyciatrist.

Yours Grimm MD —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.44.37.254 (talk) 23:46, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Why?
Why was everything except the basic premise removed? If Wikipedia isn't IMDB, why are there such a large amount of articles on movies? Can you tell me what cultural impact a movie such as Meet the Spartans has? That article is more detailed than the pages on it on IMDB. And perhaps I missed the discussion about it, but where was it discussed to remove everything but the absolute basics? Leobold1 (talk) 20:46, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

And the IP Address that did the change has no name attached to it. You'd think a change this large would at least want a name attached to it. [...] How about we change it back and then discuss it. Leobold1 (talk) 20:54, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

 * This article is a stub (i.e. not enough background information is provided to justify a complete appearance list at this time). Please discuss the edit not the editor. smb (talk) 01:30, 10 February 2008 (UTC)

 * I have been adding information to get it out of stub status, and that was wiped out by someone that I can't ask why it was done. That was my reason for commenting on the person who did the edit.  Leobold1 (talk) 02:34, 10 February 2008 (UTC)

Expand
The article is worthless without some discussion about the contents of the film and examples of points in Moore's film that are rebutted. 70.72.211.35 (talk) 15:04, 22 April 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fahrenhype 9/11


text:
User:Hooverbag/video games

list of relavant pages
 * List_of_arcade_games
 * List_of_computer_and_video_games

title: User:Hooverbag/video games


text:
CREST (securities depository)

CREST is a UK-based central securities depository that holds UK equities and UK gilts, as well as Irish equities and other international securities.

It was named after its securities settlement system, CREST, and has been owned and operated by Euroclear since 2002. The name CREST stands for Certificateless Registry for Electronic Share Transfer. CREST allows shareholders and bondholders to hold assets in a dematerialised, i.e. electronic form, rather than holding physical share certificates. CREST also serves a number of other important functions, such as assisting in the payments of dividends to shareholders.

It is also an "electronic trade confirmation system" ("ETC") (using Trax). When parties to a transaction make a deal, they both electronically confirm their sides of the transaction via electronic transfer. Both parties are required to submit confirmation details to Crest. In the event that transaction details do not match, CREST will highlight the issues and ensure that the problems are resolved as soon as is practicable.

Stamp duty in the United Kingdom is only payable on physical share certificates therefore no stamp duty is payable on shares settled via CREST, however to compensate for this the UK government added a Stamp Duty Reserve Tax which is collected by CREST on behalf of His Majesty's Revenue and Customs.

History
The project was launched in 1993, following the TAURUS fiasco, and the operating company CrestCo was founded in 1996. CREST was acquired by Euroclear in August 2002.

Members
There are two classes of members on CREST: members and sponsored members. Members are usually pension funds, inter-dealer brokers or other large financial institutions with significant resources. Sponsored members have the same rights and responsibilities as members. However, given that they do not have the financial or technical resources of the full members, they rely on their sponsoring member to interface with CREST.

Registrars and CREST Depository Interest (CDI)
UK stocks are held by registrars who are members of CREST and are therefore integrated into the transfer of ownership. Irish equities and ETF securities are also settled directly through CREST members.

For international stocks, CREST holds a pool of them in a local depository, such as Clearstream for German stocks and CDS for Canadian stocks. CREST then issues a CDI to each holder of the security, which can then be transferred in CREST just like a UK equity. This is similar to the depositary receipts issued in other countries. However, restrictions apply to CDIs. They are not withdrawable or depositable into/out of CREST. This is because a CDI is an electronic reflection of the underlying security held in the domestic (country of origin) market. The security provided by CDI are "international securities" in deed poll which includes security through equity shares, Eurobonds, domestic bonds and depository receipts. International securities must be eligible to be held within or through a CSD, which includes Euroclear, DTC, SIS SegaIntersettle (the Swiss clearing system) and any other national or international central securities depositories from time to time specified in the CREST International Manual. The economic rights are not affected by the use of the CDIs.

How does it work?
To take the US as an example, the electronic settlement system in the US is called DTC and if a shareholder holds electronic stock in the US they will hold their securities electronically in DTC. In reality, they will hold the securities via a custodian, so the custodian's nominee details will appear on the company's register. This is known as holding stock in the 'domestic' market. Securities held this way can only be traded domestically i.e. in the market of the country of origin. If the shares are listed in more than one market (for example in the US and in the UK) a shareholder who wants to trade their securities within CREST outside of the US 'domestic' market can instruct their custodian (in this example the DTC) to transfer the securities to the CREST account within DTC.

Restrictions apply, only securities that have a UK quote can be transferred to CREST's DTC account. CREST is a member of DTC. Once the securities have been transferred from the shareholder's account within the DTC and into CREST's account CREST will 'create' the CDI within the CREST and the CDI will appear in the shareholder's account within CREST where the CDI can now be traded in the UK market. The CDI which is traded within CREST will typically have the same ISIN as the US share itself. The legal holder to the share will continue to be the nominee for the DTC.

Stamp Duty Reserve Tax
HMRC consider that a CDI is a chargeable security for the Stamp Duty Reserve Tax. However, where the underlying security is loan capital and that loan capital satisfies the loan capital exemption the trade of the CDI should be exempt from SDRT. Other treatments to the Eurobonds are included in the bulletin published by Euroclear.

Law

 * Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 (SI 2001/3755)
 * Central Securities Depositories Regulation (CSDR)

Supplemented by CREST rules and conditions in the Crest Reference Manual, June 2009

title: CREST (securities depository)


text:
Ann Wolfe

Ann Wolfe (born January 17, 1971) is an American retired professional boxer, trainer and actress. Wolfe held world titles in three different weight classes simultaneously and is regarded as one of the greatest female boxers of all time. She is a member of the International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame.

Personal life
Wolfe was born in Oberlin, Louisiana and moved to Austin, Texas where she spent most of her childhood. She moved back to Austin in 1996 with her two daughters and one son. After being homeless and working construction, she met her original trainer 'Pops' Billingsley. She fought her amateur fights under Billingsley's tutelage and started fighting as a professional for RPM Promotions.

Amateur career
Wolfe had a record of 3-1 as an amateur boxer and fought at the 1998 U.S. National Championships. She won a decision over Tami Hendrickson of Seattle in the quarter-final by 50–39, then went on to stop Shanie Keelean of Chicago within 46 seconds of the first round. In the semifinal Wolfe lost to La'Kiea Coffen by a disqualification at 1:23 of the third round.

Professional career
Wolfe made her professional debut by beating Brenda Lee Bell by a four-round decision. Her first and only career loss came four fights later, when she was knocked out in three rounds by veteran and future world champion Valerie Mahfood.

Wolfe beat Vienna Williams by a ten-round decision to win her first world title, the IFBA Jr. Middleweight title. She beat Gina Nicholas by knockout in three to win the vacant WIBA Light Middleweight title. She then proceeded to beat Shirvelle Williams by knockout in one round on a non-title bout.

Next was the vacant IFBA world Super Middleweight title, which she picked up by knocking out Marsha Valley in six rounds. She and Valley fought again, this time with the vacant WIBC's version of the title, and Wolfe won by knockout in round ten.

Wolfe avenged her defeat against Mahfood by taking the NABA World Super Middleweight Championship from her with a ten-round decision.

Wolfe vs. Ward
On May 8, 2004, in Biloxi, Mississippi, Wolfe matched Henry Armstrong's record of three world titles at the same time in different weight classes, by gaining the IBA world Light Heavyweight championship, knocking out undefeated champion and former NCAA basketball star Vonda Ward at one minute and eight seconds of Round One. Ward had a neck concussion because she hit the canvas with her neck when she fell. She was taken to the hospital in serious condition due to damage to her neck and head. The bout was nationally televised, with television commentators called it "the best knockout punch in a women’s boxing history".

Later career
Wolfe retained her title in a rematch with Valley by a sixth-round knockout.

On July 19, 2005, Wolfe defeated Monica Nunez by a seventh-round knockout in Lula, Mississippi.

On August 20, 2005, she fought and defeated Valerie Mahfood for the second time, by a ten-round decision.

Retirement
Wolfe last fought in 2006, knocking out Cassandra Giger and decisioning Lisa Ested. She has since worked as a boxing trainer.

In 2015, Wolfe was inducted into the International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame.

Training career
Wolfe has trained many amateur and professional boxers, including her oldest daughter, Jennifer Fenn, and light-middleweight James Kirkland.

Film career
Wolfe was cast by director Patty Jenkins in the role of Amazon warrior Artemis in the 2017 film Wonder Woman.

title: Ann Wolfe


text:
User:Kvan

Pretty much everything is summed up nicely in the userbox. You're welcome.

title: User:Kvan


text:
Talk:Lockleaze

Untitled
I thought that Teachers was filmed at The Park in Knowle, formerly Merrywood girls school, I've seen 3 classrooms kitted out by the production company for filming there anyway
 * According to the Bristol Observer the new series is at Lockleaze. I cycle past it every day and they've been bringing in camera lighting etc. --Steinsky 10:32, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I changed it to reflect the fact that Lockleaze is not a town, it is a area within Bristol. Kurek

Note to self. Add a section pointing out that most of the street names in Lockleaze derive from English painters. Make list. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Weirdoldhattie (talk • contribs) 11:09, 24 August 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061012085719/http://www.bristoleycp.org.uk/pages/childrens_fund/sect05.pdf to http://www.bristoleycp.org.uk/pages/childrens_fund/sect05.pdf

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External links modified
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 * Added archive https://archive.is/20080723141625/http://bristolgunners.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/76th%20A.A%20Regt%20R.A.%20237th%20A.A.%20Bty%20R.A.%20%5BT.A.%5D.html to http://bristolgunners.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/76th%20A.A%20Regt%20R.A.%20237th%20A.A.%20Bty%20R.A.%20%5BT.A.%5D.html

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title: Talk:Lockleaze


text:
IMBEL MD

The IMBEL MD series (MD-1, MD-2, MD-3 and the recent MD-4) of assault rifles are the standard-issue rifles of the Brazilian Army.

History
These rifles are manufactured by IMBEL (Indústria de Material Bélico do Brasil) and are based on the 7.62mm NATO FN FAL, which was previously manufactured by IMBEL for many years under licence as the Brazilian Army's standard service rifle. In following the trend to adopt the 5.56×45mm NATO round, IMBEL started experimenting with 5.56mm versions of the FN FAL in the early 1980s. The first prototype, the MD-1, appeared in around 1983. Further development resulted in the MD-2 and MD-3 series, which still closely resemble their FAL parent.

Design
The MD-2 and MD-3 rifles are the result of redesigning the FN FAL to use the 5.56×45mm NATO round in place of the FAL's 7.62mm NATO chambering. The MD-2/MD-3 series externally resembles a short-barrelled FAL, but with an M16 magazine.

Early MD-1 prototypes retained the FAL-type tilting bolt with a locking shoulder immediately behind the magazine well. This was found to not work well with the 5.56mm round, so subsequent prototypes and the final design incorporated an M16-type 7-lug rotating bolt into the design. The FAL's short-stroke gas piston, which is actuated by gas bled from the barrel via a vent located in the foresight housing, and which impinges upon the separate bolt carrier, is retained.

Feeding is from STANAG 4179 M16-compatible magazines. The versions differ in that the MD-2 uses the side-folding buttstock from the FN FAL 'para' variant, while the MD-3 uses the fixed polymer stock of the standard FAL. The MD-2 series contains many FAL-derived parts, some of which remain interchangeable with the original FAL, and others which are modified to suit the new design.

title: IMBEL MD


text:
Irwin Rose

Irwin Allan Rose (July 16, 1926 – June 2, 2015) was an American biologist. Along with Aaron Ciechanover and Avram Hershko, he was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.

Education and early life
Rose was born in Brooklyn, New York, into a secular Jewish family, the son of Ella (Greenwald) and Harry Royze, who owned a flooring store. Rose attended Washington State University for one year prior to serving in the Navy during World War II. Upon returning from the war he received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1948 and his PhD in biochemistry in 1952, both from the University of Chicago. He did his post-doctoral studies at NYU.

Career and research
Rose served on the faculty of Yale School of Medicine's department of biochemistry from 1954 to 1963. He then joined the Fox Chase Cancer Center in 1963 and stayed there until he retired in 1995. He joined University of Pennsylvania during the 1970s and served as a Professor of Physical Biochemistry. He was a distinguished professor-in-residence in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine at the time his Nobel Prize was announced in 2004.

Irwin (Ernie) trained several postdoctoral research fellows while at the Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia. These included Art Haas, the first to see Ubiquitin chains, Keith Wilkinson, the one to first identify APF-1 as Ubiquitin, and Cecile Pickart.

Published work
When Irwin Rose started on his prizewinning work on ubiquitin he was already very distinguished as an enzymologist.

Classical enzymology
Only a selection of Rose's very extensive work in this field is mentioned here.

In collaboration with Marianne Grunberg-Manago, Saul Korey and Severo Ochoa he investigated the Mg2+- or Mn2+-dependent formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate and ATP catalyzed by acetate kinase, an essential reaction for priming the tricarboxylate cycle, describing the purification of the enzyme and measuring the equilibrium constant of the reaction.

With Edward O'Connell, Rose investigated the mechanisms of the reaction catalyzed by phosphoglucose isomerase and, with Sidney Rieder, of triose phosphate isomerase

With Jessie Warms, he studied the mechanism of hexokinase of sarcoma tumor, finding that it was located in the mitochondria of liver and brain, and bound in accord with a Mg2+-dependent equilibrium.

He had a general interest in the role of magnesium in cells, and studied it on the basis of the equilibrium of the reaction catalyzed by adenylate kinase, a complicated question, because numerous complexes of Mg2+, H+ and K+ with ATP, ADP and AMP need to be taken into account.

Starting from Ogston's theory, Rose was concerned with the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalysed reactions, investigating various enzymes, and later glutamine synthetase. This was the topic of a review article written with Kenneth Hanson.

Ubiquitin
After its discovery by Gideon Goldstein and colleagues in 1975, ubiquitin was extensively studied by Rose, with Avram Hershko, Aaron Ciechanover, A. L. Haas and H. Heller, one of many papers on the subject.

Awards and honors
Rose was awarded the Nobel prize in 2004.

Personal life
Rose was married to Zelda Budenstein and had four children. He died on June 2, 2015, at Deerfield, Massachusetts. His widow died in 2016.

title: Irwin Rose


text:
Bank Sepah

Bank Sepah (, Bānke Sepah) is an Iranian bank. It was established in 1925 (corresponding to 1304 in the Iranian calendar) as the first Iranian bank. Its first branch, in Tehran, opened that year. The bank also has branches in Frankfurt, Paris and Rome as well as a subsidiary, Bank Sepah International plc, in London. Sepah Bank has recently merged four other Iranian banks and one credit institution: Ansar Bank, Mehr Eghtesad Bank, Hekmat Iranian Bank, Ghavamin Bank and Kosar Credit Institution. Omid Bank app is product of Bank Sepah.

History
Bank Sepah was officially founded on May 4, 1925, with its first branch in Sepah st. in Tehran. Initially, an investment of 3,883,950 Iranian Rials was made from the military ranked personnel pension fund and the bank was set to exclusively provide military personnel with financial aids such as loans. With further increase in their domain of services, the headquarters for the bank was moved to a larger building in Homayoon st. Starting on March 15, 1926, with opening of another branch in Rasht, Bank Sepah began providing services not only to the military personnel but to the more general public such as businessmen. Sepah migrated to core banking solution.

US, UN sanctions
Sanctions were imposed on Bank Sepah by the United States on January 9, 2007, due to Iran's suspected nuclear weapons program. The United States claimed that the bank assisted Iran in developing missiles that could carry nuclear weapons. and all its branches and subsidiaries in Italy, UK, France and Germany will have their assets frozen by the United States in order to prevent Iran from constructing nuclear weapons. The official website of Bank Sepah in Iran reacted by mentioning the American resolution "fabricated statements based on purely hypothetical pretext, made out of political inducements" and promised that the bank will "continue with its efficient performance with due observance of internal and international regulations as before."

On the same basis, further sanctions have also been imposed by the United Nations through Resolution 1747 of 29 March 2007 coinciding with the arrest by the Iranian Government of some British army personnel in the Persian Gulf.

In early 2016, following the talks of P5+1 with Iran on the Nuclear program of Iran, and the resultant Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, sanctions against Bank Sepah were lifted.

title: Bank Sepah


text:
Talk:Tsirelson's bound

Following text is by the late Tsirelson (added the header)
1. Thank you for your interesting article on `my bound'.

2. I am astonished by the order `proof - formulation - interpretation'. In journal articles, it is usually `introduction - formulation - proof'. For an encyclopedia it is even more important (so I think), to start with an informal explanation (what is it good for), then give an exact formulation, and then (if at all) a proof.

3. The notion `operator' could be more clear. Many people believe that operator is usually a linear transformation of a Hilbert space (I mean, in the context of quantum theory; in general, the space may be Banach etc, and the operator may be nonlinear). I guess that your notion of operator is sometimes (or always?) different; probably you mean an element of some algebra (associative? ordered? C-star algebra?) or even someting more general (what exactly?). Could you please be more explicit?

4. More than 80 relevant references are collected on my site, here:  Maybe, an external link to it would be appropriate.

--Boris Tsirelson

Maybe I shouldn't throw any stones, but it seems to me this article could be much clearer, for instance following the exposition given in Asher Peres' book p 174 which is self-contained and lucid. CSTAR 20:40, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

--

Sorry, but I was shocked by the poor quality of the article. The article is not readable even for those familiar with the result.

My opinion: All the details should go except for the simple one for the CHSH inequality in Tsirelson's original paper. Afaik the bound is nowadays understood as a bound on the correlations that one can obtain in the setup of an injective C* algebra. I am not aware of any usage of the bound in the setup of hidden variables models. Rather, the reason for the peak in the citations around 2006 is the advent of Popescu-Rohrlich-Boxes (these Boxes are hypothetical but not yet unreasonable devices which violate the bound). --13:04, 10 April 2010 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by IXhdBAH (talk • contribs)

Proposed change
Suppose

 * $$ X_A, Y_A, X_B, Y_B \,$$

are self-adjoint operators such that

 * $$ X_A^2= Y_A^2= X_B^2= Y_B^2=1 \,$$

and the A operators commute with the B operators, that is

 * $$ [X_A,X_B] = [X_A,Y_B] = [Y_A, X_B] = [Y_A, Y_B] = 0 \,$$

Then for any state φ,

 * $$ \langle X_A X_B \rangle_\phi + \langle X_A Y_B \rangle_\phi + \langle Y_A X_B\rangle_\phi - \langle Y_A Y_B \rangle_\phi \leq 2 \sqrt{2}\, $$

and the upper bound is achieved by the Pauli spin matrices as in the Bell theorem article. The proof considers

$$ C = X_A X_B +  X_A Y_B  +  Y_A X_B -  Y_A Y_B  $$

and computes C2.

This would mean deleting most of what is written in the article currently.CSTAR 06:21, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * My knee-jerk reaction is that rewriting in this way would be a good idea. It would also  be nice to have a statement of the theorem before launching into its proof. I might give this a shot on some rainy day.  linas 22:22, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

''Please fix the encoding of the proof starting F • U + F • V + U • G - V • G on the article page, in my browser the bold font renders the minus sign like a smaller dot so that last term looks like U • G • V • G.

Formatting
Is there a particular reason that the equations and inequalities show up in text form and not in .png form with all the nice and tidy formating?

Cleanup

 * In non-TeX notation, one italicizes variables but NOT parentheses and NOT digits.
 * In non-TeX notation, a minus sign is much longer than a mere hyphen. Thus:
 * 3 − 5,
 * not
 * 3 - 5.

See Manual of Style (mathematics). All this was neglected in three sections of this article. Michael Hardy (talk) 00:12, 20 October 2008 (UTC)
 * "Inline" TeX can be obnoxious by "displayed" math is better in TeX than in non-TeX notation.

...continuing with the above, I suspect that "≤" was intended where "=<" appears. And lots of similar problems. Michael Hardy (talk) 17:44, 20 August 2009 (UTC)

Major rewrite
Thanks to Mateus Araújo it is now considerably better than before. Boris Tsirelson (talk) 13:31, 11 December 2012 (UTC)

Upper bound
I agree with User:Qcomp reversion of my edit. But perhaps we could make it even clearer what the actual no-signaling bound is; it seems that in a world where Alice sees +1 and -1 randomly 50/50 no matter her settings, and Bob always sees the opposite, the CHSH expression would be 4, and there would still be no way they could signal to each other. 84.211.177.136 (talk) 19:26, 9 August 2021 (UTC)
 * in the comment accompanying my edit there was one error: as you rightly observe, even the maximal correlations (allowed algebraically) do not allow signalling and they are, actually, what can be achieved with a Popescu-Rohrlich box, so there are only three bounds: LHV$$<$$quantum$$<$$no-signalling. I think it should not surprise that purely random events (however correlated they are), do not allow transmission of information. I don't know if there's a non-empty super-quantum but less-then-PR scenario. The framework in which this is usually discussed is that of Generalized probabilistic theorys and one could link there; I'm not sure what (if anything) should be added to this article. Maybe a brief section putting the bound in context of the other bounds? Relation to bounds for larger-dimensional systems? I would not put more in the lead (and, if possible, rather move details to that new section) --Qcomp (talk) 20:34, 9 August 2021 (UTC)
 * There's plenty of bounds between the quantum and no-signalling bounds. Some of them are described in Quantum nonlocality. Also, keep in mind that in general the signalling bound is larger than the no-signalling bound, it's mostly by chance that they coincide in the CHSH expression. For example, in the CH variant the signalling bound is larger. Tercer (talk) 15:49, 10 August 2021 (UTC)

On locality
sorry for the wording but I still think we should be careful when saying that quantum mechanics is non-local. As explained in principle of locality and quantum nonlocality, locality is not the only thing that is at stake here it is either locality, realism or statistical independence (superdeterminism). Forgetting the last one, I propose a new version for the lead:
 * A Tsirelson bound is an upper limit to quantum mechanical correlations between distant events. Given that quantum mechanics violates Bell inequalities (it cannot be described by a classical local hidden-variable theory), a natural question to ask is how much can the Bell inequality be violated within quantum mechanics.

Any other suggestion? --ReyHahn (talk) 12:11, 9 June 2022 (UTC)
 * I would slightly rephrase your paragraph like this
 * A Tsirelson bound is an upper limit to quantum mechanical correlations between distant events. Given that quantum mechanics violates Bell inequalities (i.e., it cannot be described by a local hidden-variable theory), a natural question to ask is how large can the violation be.
 * I think it is fine to sidestep the interpretation of Bell's theorem, as that is gigantic can of worms. It is not true, however, that the what is at stake is either "locality, realism, or superdeterminism". First of all, "realism" has nothing to do with the informal interpretation of realism, which would be the existence of an objective reality. It simply means determinism. I'm rather aghast that this terminology caught on, and led to countless people saying nonsense like "Bell's theorem proves that there's no objective reality". In any case, it is true that one can derive Bell's theorem from the assumptions of locality, determinism, and no superdeterminism. This is CHSH's 1969 theorem. However, we also have Bell's 1976 theorem, that uses the assumptions of local causality and no superdeterminism. Therefore, one can correctly say "quantum mechanics is nonlocal" referring to the latter theorem, i.e., meaning that quantum mechanics violates local causality. This got established as jargon, thought, so often you'll see "quantum mechanics is nonlocal" in paper meaning simply that it violates Bell inequalities. Tercer (talk) 13:46, 9 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the rewording. I would also be careful with determinism, nobody meant any of the philosophical items in realism, but more like counterfactual definiteness and the whole idea of needing more hidden variables to explain quantum mechanics. "Determinism" per se is a whole can of worms too, consider many-worlds interpretation. I also get that "nonlocality" means violating Bell inequalities. However if somebody is reading for the first time that quantum mechanics is non-local, it is very misleading, it is like if physicist did a Bell test and all assumed that we need non-local hidden variables when in fact the most practical way to do QM is to forget about any of that and assume that is probabilistic and local (as in space-like objects cannot influence each other).--ReyHahn (talk) 17:36, 9 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Well, quantum mechanics does violate local causality. Local causality is defined as the probability of some event being independent of space-like separated events. So no, you can't just assume that it is probabilistic and local and be done with it. That's the problem with the CHSH version of Bell's theorem, people conclude that giving up determinism is enough to retain locality, and this is not the case. You can retain locality as defined by CHSH, which is a rather weak definition, and does not imply local causality. I think local causality captures much better what is informally thought of as locality.
 * Determinism, on the other hand, I think it's rather straightforward. It is meant as single-world determinism. The fact that Many-Worlds is local, deterministic, and violates Bell inequalities doesn't contradict anything. Tercer (talk) 18:54, 9 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Well the main debate if over. I do not think I will bite much more into the issue. Putting determinism aside, I admit that I have never understood how Bell's local causality is so different from the local realism argument. If you have any good and clear material that makes a case for the former against the latter please link it (there are a few but see the bold part) and I gladly take a look. As you say this such a can of worms in terms of definitions and terminology.--ReyHahn (talk) 19:54, 9 June 2022 (UTC)

 * Well, both versions are different and important on their own. The CHSH version because it rules out the sort of hidden-variable models people want to do, and the Bell version because it shows there's something nonlocal about quantum mechanics. Unfortunately the literature on the topic is a minefield, all sorts of confusion and inconsistent terminology, as well as outright mistakes. I did write a couple of blog posts to help clear things up, maybe you'll find it helpful . Tercer (talk) 20:55, 9 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tsirelson's bound