text:
Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel

Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel (formerly Bas-Richelieu—Nicolet—Bécancour and Richelieu) is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1968.

Geography
The riding, along the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River opposite the city of Trois-Rivières, straddles the Quebec regions of Centre-du-Québec and Montérégie.

The riding consists of:
 * the Regional County Municipality of Pierre-De Saurel (formerly Le Bas-Richelieu)
 * the Regional County Municipality of Nicolet-Yamaska, including Odanak Indian reserve No. 12; and
 * the Regional County Municipality of Bécancour, including Wôlinak Indian reserve No. 11.

The neighbouring ridings are Lotbinière—Chutes-de-la-Chaudière, Mégantic—L'Érable, Richmond—Arthabaska, Drummond, Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot, Pierre-Boucher—Les Patriotes—Verchères, Berthier—Maskinongé, Trois-Rivières, Saint-Maurice—Champlain, and Portneuf—Jacques-Cartier.

Demographics
According to the 2021 Canadian census

Ethnic groups: 96.2% White, 2.1% Indigenous

Languages: 96.8% French, 1.0% English

Religions: 75.9% Christian (70.3% Catholic, 5.6% Other), 23.6% None

Median income: $38,000 (2020)

Average income: $45,320 (2020)

History
It was created as "Richelieu" riding in 1968 from parts of Nicolet—Yamaska and Richelieu—Verchères ridings.

It was renamed "Bas-Richelieu—Nicolet—Bécancour" in 1998.

In 2003, Bas-Richelieu—Nicolet—Bécancour was abolished when it was redistributed into a new "Richelieu" riding, which incorporated parts of Lotbinière—L'Érable riding. Richelieu was renamed "Bas-Richelieu—Nicolet—Bécancour" after the 2004 election.

Following the 2012 federal electoral redistribution the riding retained its boundaries but was renamed Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel.

Following the 2022 federal electoral redistribution the riding will continue to retain its boundaries, but will be renamed Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel—Alnôbak.

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel, 2013 representation order
Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel retained the same boundaries as its predecessor, Bas-Richelieu—Nicolet—Bécancour, for the 42nd Canadian federal election:

title: Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel


text:
Dreamcake

Dreamcake is the first album by the Halifax, Nova Scotia, band Jale. It was released in 1994 on Sub Pop Records.

The only Jale album with the singer-songwriter-drummer Alyson McLeod, the songs on Dreamcake are considered edgier and more emotional than those of Jale's later work.

The closing track, "Promise", written by Jennifer Pierce and Patrick Pentland, and sung by Pierce, was released as a single.

Critical reception
The Chicago Reader wrote that the album "displays a precocious craft that lifts [Jale] well above one-trick-pony status." Exclaim! called Dreamcake one of the ten best Canadian-made Sub Pop records, writing that "hypnotic Halifax pop swirls between the speakers on 'Again,' while 'Mend' threads together elements of jangling twee and paisley-print psychedelia." The Chicago Tribune wrote that "with a bit less aggression than Hole and less cutesy-ness than Shonen Knife, [Jale] incorporate just enough guitar noise to counterbalance all those delightful pop hooks."

Trouser Press wrote: "A diverse collection of contemporary electric indie-pop styles (some audibly influenced by Sloan) from a palette of appealing melodies, gentle harmony singing and buzzing guitar power, the casual-sounding record articulates the longings and frustrations of mindful young women who know when to draw the line and walk away from a bad scene."

Track listing
All tracks by Jale
 * 1) "Not Happy" – 2:54
 * 2) "Nebulous" – 2:53
 * 3) "3 Days" – 3:26
 * 4) "To Be Your Friend" – 2:30
 * 5) "Again" – 3:21
 * 6) "River" – 3:28
 * 7) "I'm Sorry" – 2:15
 * 8) "Mend" – 2:10
 * 9) "The Unseen Guest" – 2:29
 * 10) "Love Letter" – 3:21
 * 11) "Emma" – 2:41
 * 12) "Promise (Jimmybeane Majestic Version)" – 4:34

Personnel

 * Jennifer Pierce – guitar
 * Alyson MacLeod – drums
 * Laura Stein – bass guitar
 * Eve Hartling – guitar

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Dreamcake


text: Talk:Voxx International

title: Talk:Voxx International


text:
Enns (river)

The Enns is a southern tributary of the river Danube in Austria, joining northward at the city of Enns. It forms much of the border between the states of Lower Austria and Upper Austria. The Enns spans 253 km, in a flat-J-shape. It flows from its source near the village Flachau, generally eastward through Radstadt, Schladming, and Liezen, then turns north near Hieflau, to flow past Weyer and Ternberg through Steyr, and further north to the Danube at Enns (see map in References).

Name
It was known in Latin as Anisus or Anasus, of uncertain origin; Anreiter et al. tried to link it to an Indo-European *on- and the hydronymic suffix *-is-. Later sources call it Ensa or Enisa. Others have linked it to Upper Danubian Vasconic *an, "water." Another possible link is Greek ᾰ̓νῠστός (anystos, "useful"). The West Slavic languages have different names for the river: in Czech it is called the Enže; in Slovak, the Enža; and in Polish, the Aniza.

Geography
The Enns has its source in the Radstädter Tauern mountains in the Austrian state of Salzburg. In a valley which developed during the ice age, it flows at the border between the Northern Limestone Alps and the Central Eastern Alps on an eastern trajectory through Styria, where it passes the Dachstein group at its southern side. Between Admont and Hieflau, it takes a turn to the North and passes through the Gesäuse, a gorge of a length of 15 km, where it penetrates the limestone of the Ennstaler Alpen. Flowing to the north from there on, it reaches the state of Upper Austria at the mouth of the Laussabach (Enns, Altenmarkt). North of Steyr, it forms the border between Upper Austria and Lower Austria (formerly also known as Austria above the Enns and Austria below the Enns). Finally, it meets the Danube at Mauthausen and the city of Enns. It is the longest river solely in Austria.

The Enns is a typical wild water river and draws its water from an area of 6084 km2, which makes it the fifth-largest in Austria. Its average discharge at the mouth is 200 m3/s.

The Anisian Age in the Triassic Period of geological time is named from Anisus, the Latin name of the river Enns.

History
In the middle of the 19th century, canals began to be built along the 70 km between Weißenbach and the Gesäuse, in order to make use of the water for agriculture and forestry.

In total, ten power plants with a total generative power of 345 megawatts have been built by the Ennskraftwerke AG.

in Salzburg

 * Radstadt

in Styria

 * Schladming
 * Gröbming
 * Liezen
 * Selzthal
 * Admont

in Upper Austria

 * Großraming
 * Ternberg
 * Garsten
 * Steyr
 * Enns

Hydroelectric power stations
Currently, there are 15 hydroelectric power stations on the Enns. The power stations are listed beginning at the headwaters:

Tributaries
The most important inflows are the Palten, the Salza and the Steyr. Other tributaries are the Northern Taurach and the Erzbach.

Transport
A major transit route connecting Germany and Slovenia through Austria runs through the Enns valley. The so-called Eisenstraße ("iron road") runs along the river between Hieflau and Enns, along which iron ore has been transported from the Styrian Erzberg ("ore mountain") to the steel mill in Linz. The 263km Enns Radweg cyclepath follows the river starting at Flachauwinkl and finishing where the Enns enters the Danube.

title: Enns (river)


text:
Dewlish

Dewlish is a village and civil parish in the county of Dorset in southern England, and is situated approximately 7 mi north-east of the county town Dorchester. The village is sited in the valley of the small Devil's Brook among the chalk hills of the Dorset Downs; the parish covers about 2100 acre and extends west to include part of the valley of the small Cheselbourne stream, and east to include a dry valley at Dennet's Bottom. The surrounding area is part of the Dorset Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 284.

Dewlish was also the main part of the Liberty of the same name, including Dewlish itself and a part of Milborne St Andrew.

Dewlish House
One of the most significant properties in the area, Dewlish House was built in 1702. It served as the childhood home of John Michel (who later became a field marshal) from 1804 to 1823 and later served as his retirement home between 1880 and 1886. Recently owned by Mr and Mrs Anthony Boyden (from 1962 to 2020) the Grade I-listed Queen Anne style house and its 296 acre property were sold in 2020. The buyer was an American already living in the UK.

Church of All Saints
The parish church of All Saints, south of the village, is a Grade II* listed building.The oldest parts of the building are of the 12th century, and it was modified and enlarged in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. There was restoration in 1872 by T. H. Wyatt, when the south aisle was remodelled and an organ chamber was added. In the north aisle is a monument to Sir John Michel (1886).

Court Close
To the east and south of the parish church and west of the Devil's Brook there are earthworks, the remains of a former settlement. They are a scheduled monument. On the tithe map of 1844 it has the name Court Close. It covers an area of about 17 acre. Most of it is occupied by a large embanked enclosure, within which there are banks and scarps; its purpose is unknown. In the east there is a small rectangular moat, once probably enclosing a manor house.

Roman villa
About 1740 the tessellated pavement of a Roman villa was discovered in the village, near Michel's Farm. In 1971 a full excavation began of the site; by 1973, 24 rooms of the villa, including a bath suite, had been revealed. Further excavation established that there were three main settlement areas, dating from the Iron Age, early Roman and late Roman, an occupation period of 400 to 500 years.

In February 2021 it was announced that a mosaic from the Roman villa, discovered in 1974, showing a leopard attacking an antelope, would be displayed in the Dorset County Museum at Dorchester, after £150,000 was raised to buy it. It had been bought at auction in 2018 for an international collector, but export was suspended. Jon Murden, director of the museum, said that the piece was "one of the most significant 4th-century Roman mosaics in the country".

Mammoths
In the 19th century the remains of two prehistoric mammoths, dating from about one million years BC, were found in the hillside above the village; two of the tusks were taken to the county museum at Dorchester.

title: Dewlish


text: User talk:146.6.101.9

title: User talk:146.6.101.9


text:
Talk:SkyOS

Addition Needed
We need to add something about the current hiatus of skyos. Read the reports here OSNews and SkyOS's homepage —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.71.227.231 (talk) 07:24, 2 February 2009 (UTC)

Website down?
The website has just gone down March 9th 2014.

March 4th Rewrite
In response to the only valid reason for proposing this article for deletion, I have taken it upon myself to completely rewrite the current SkyOS Wikipedia article.

Before publication, the content of this new article was shown to Robert Szeleney, as well as several SkyOS and Haiku community members, and found to be neutral, accurate, and comprehensive.

Feel free to discuss the rewrite here.

Thanks, Alex Forster (talk) 01:11, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Looks good. Currently, the article does not seem biased or like advertising. I recommend removal of deletion flag. Fippy Darkpaw (talk) 18:11, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

Archiving
Archive of debate about SkyOS page

 * Where did the orignal talk go to? --Anonymous

 * It's archived. Follow the link above. --Dr Zen 06:29, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * No it isn't, Its been deleted from here. I'm going to stick it back up here. --Anonymous

 * Here is the original talk.

(begin quote) "Please be realistic about SkyOS. This is not the right place for marketing.

 * Why's that?

because it's not. SkyOS is a beta OS that few people have heard of. This article is almost pure spam, and it'll get deleted if it's not toned down.

 * I don't see any marketing going on here.

 * If so then the linux, microsoft windows, and BEos pages are to. Kiand, would you stop redoing the article, this is a Encylopedia and the more information the better. All you're doing is making a smaller version of ths skyos article.

 * True, but when the info is advertising, marketing bumf, it isn't better.

 * If Skyos is advertising then so is Linux, Microsoft Windows, BeOS, etc
 * just to tell you; your edit isn't completely true! go nag somebody else."

(end quote)

Ending the Edit War
Note that this talk page is not protected, so you can discuss here.

Reccomended reading: Staying_cool_when_the_editing_gets_hot

Kim Bruning 23:51, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Excellent idea! I actually like the page the way it is now. It strikes a nice balance. --Anonymous

 * How can you say that SkyOS has few applications? Gaim, Gimp, Abiword, Media Center, Blender3D, Links, Quake I, Quake II, Foobilliard, Skirc, a number of small games, developer's suite, simple text editor, image viewer, Canvas (native image editor), graphical-FTP application...the list goes on. How do you define "few" applications? This is not a factual statement, but rather, an opinion, which (supposedly) does not belong on Wikipedia, since you're all so interested in simply listing the facts. Additionally, describe "poor hardware support". SkyOS supports every piece of hardware on my system: Nvidia graphics card (2D-acceleration), sound card, network card, mouse, keyboard...in MY opinion SkyOS has good hardware support, so I think you should take out "poor hardware support" and replace it with "excellent hardware support" because it works great for me. See where I am going with this? The entire paragraph is filled with opinions, and not facts. For some people, Linux has poor hardware support. Does that mean Linux has poor hardware support? Why is this paragraph even listed on the SkyOS Wikipedia entry? It is at best misleading, and at worst, a flat out falsification. It has no place in this Wikipedia entry. To say otherwise shows an agenda against SkyOS (which should be obvious by now). --Anonymous

 * We can say it because SkyOS does- it has nowhere near the umpteen-thousand suites/programs that distros such as Debian, Gentoo, or other OSs like the Mac's or Windows- and that is not counting emulators and such which allow one OS to steal another's libraries (I'm thinking WINE here...). I haven't checked recently but i think there are somewhere over 9000 programs readily available through apt or portage.  I don't think SkyOS can compete with that.  You are, of course, at liberty to prove me wrong.  -- Maru Dubshinki

I like it
I like the entry the way it is now. Strikes a nice balance. --Anonymous

 * I don't agree entirely with it as it is now, but I can live with it. However, I somehow worry that on unprotection it'll be reverted by those from within SkyOS again. --Kiand 23:43, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * This looks to me like a good compromise. It's a pity that the SkyOS guys and their shills are so keen on using Wikipedia as an advertising tool but isn't that the way of things? You can't blame them for wanting to be reported in a positive light. I'm completely neutral. I use Windows! and I don't know a GNU from a wARtHoG, but I do know bias when I see it. This isn't too bad either way. --Dr Zen 00:10, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Far better than it was. I'm fine without any reference to GPL complaining, a google search doesn't turn up any evidence, just accusations. I'll even say that 'relatively poor hardware support' could be replaced by 'limited' or 'growing'. Take note SkyOS folks! As an intelligent consumer, I saw throught the market speak  right away.  Your product is better shown by unbiased coverage. --Jericho 4.0 01:10, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I'd settle for the term "limited" if it'd keep Hexdyres from complaining about it. --Kiand 01:52, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree limited is a better term. Poor could imply that of the hardware it does support, it does so poorly. Limited suggests it doesn't support many varieties of hardware, which is accurate. --Shane King 01:58, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree. Change the line from poor to limited and I think we're good to go. --Zizban

 * We'd better leave it a day or two to see what Hexydes and Thom have to say on it as we don't want a revert war as soon as its unprotected. --Kiand 02:28, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Please re-word the part about very little software support. SkyOS currently supports many applications, with just about every normal use covered by the applications available. "Limited" might be better again, but with a mention that this is constantly improving. --Anonymous

 * How about "limited when compared to mainstream operating systems such as Windows or MacOS". This wording at least states what benchmark "limited" is used in comparison to. --Shane King 03:18, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)

 * It's limited in comparison to the "Big Five" - Windows, Linux, *BSD, MacOS and BeOS. If we use Limited it has to have a qualification like that. (Yes, BeOS has more software than SkyOS...) --Kiand 03:23, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I got the impression "limited" was just a polite way of saying "poor" though. It's not just "limited" compared with mainstream OSes, is it? It's limited in an absolute sense because it doesn't support much. And, anonymous dude, "many applications" is thousands, not a couple of dozen. --Anonymous

 * It doesn't make sense to talk about limited in the absolute sense. In the absolute sense, Windows has a limited number of applications (ie it doesn't have an unlimited number of applications). --Shane King 03:36, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)

 * It's an idiom, Shane. If you insist that the article doesn't use idiomatic language, we'll have to go with "poor", because, in fact, you are using it as a synonym for "poor" too. You can't limit something by comparison with something else. That's nonsense. How does comparing it with Windows limit it in any way? --Anonymous

 * Windows has a limited number of applications only in the sense that physically and technically there will be limits to what it can do (for instance, an application for doing the hoovering is likely going to be beyond it because it doesn't have a physical presence). --Anonymous

 * In this instance, the software support can be said to be limited by how few people work on the system, how little time they have had to work on applications, etc etc. Yes, Windows etc don't have the same limits. They've been around longer and have spent more money. But to say so is to make the article an apologia rather than a description. --Dr Zen 03:45, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * True, hence my analogy about being limited compared to the big five OS's - each of those have well over 2,000 different applications available for them. --Kiand 03:39, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

How about "as yet limited"? That conveys the notion that it is increasing and being worked on. --Dr Zen 03:26, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * As Yet Limited, with no "but its getting this/that/the other" stuff tacked on will do, I suppose. Wikipedia isn't a press release, hence no forward-looking-statements... Oh, and I agree that good software support is a thousand plus applications, covering all categories. SkyOS has probably a hundred apps, maybe. --Kiand 03:34, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * How about:

 * "There is currently only a limited amount of applications available for the system, in comparison to other commercial operating systems. The most notable current exclusions are a full office suite and a modern web browser" ::--Kiand 03:43, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Why don't you also mention that SkyOS doesn't have CAD software, doesn't have tax-computation software, and doesn't have 1,000 other niche applications? Why are you so hell-bent on pointing out what SkyOS doesn't have? Why can't you just leave it at "As is to be expected of a new operating system, SkyOS has a limited amount of software available. A number of applications have been ported in the last year, and the SkyOS team has stated that they are currently working on a more usable web browser as of this writing."? What is false about that sentence? SkyOS IS a newer operating system. Newer operating systems OF COURSE have less software available. A number of applications HAVE been ported or written in the past year. We currently ARE working on a usable web browser. If you want this part of the entry to be neutral, you will have to do one of two things: 1) make both cases, which would be (negative) that there are fewer applications when compared to the alternatives, but that (positive) many major applications have been ported or written, and work continues on to keep bridging the gap, or 2) do not include this section at all. People come to Wikipedia for information, for the FULL story. If you say SkyOS is incomplete, how is that the full story? You are saying SkyOS is incomplete, without letting the reader know all that is being done to make SkyOS become complete. That isn't the full story, that is misinformation, used to push your opinion on someone. You're intentionally leaving out a part of the story. By giving them the full story (you: SkyOS CURRENTLY lacks / us: but here is ALL that we are doing to make it complete), you let the reader decide how to interpret the situation.

 * So my suggestion is "As is to be expected of a new operating system, SkyOS has a limited amount of software available. A number of applications have been ported in the last year, and the SkyOS team has stated that they are currently working on a more usable web browser as of this writing.", which makes it known that things are missing, but makes sure to let the reader know that work continues on. That way, both sides get their say. You're welcome to simply post your opinion, but just know that you've made the entry untruthful and incomplete. -- Hexydes 06:08, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * This is not an ad for SkyOS, Hexydes. You are indulging in spin. Your suggestion is not NPOV. I suggest we stick to changing "poor" to "limited".

 * As for "leaving out a part of the story". It's not a story. It's an entry in an encyclopaedia about an operating system of very little application and with very little support, it seems, in the wider community. What it isn't is a soapbox for its proponents. But clearly the proSkyOS crew oppose any attempt at writing a neutral article. They're not here for that, are they? --Dr Zen 06:16, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I've already said what this entry becomes if you leave out part of the facts. If you're comfortable with lying, then by all means, go for the gusto. I would like to point out that you most likely have never used SkyOS, so in all reality, you should probably not be commenting on it at all. But again, if you're creating an article with half-truth's and incomplete ideas, don't let the fact that you have never used SkyOS before stand in your way of contributing to a Wikipedia entry about it. --Hexydes 07:09, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Last time I checked, an office suite and a web browser were not nice apps. We don't need to know there's more apps being ported, this is not a PR statement. The first line of your suggestion could be used, but no more of it. --Anonymous

To be totally accurate, this has to be written about 4.0a anyway, which was dire, as 5.0 doesn't exist publicly. Hence we're being very generous in letting a lot of stuff about 5.0's improvements be left in. --Kiand 13:27, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks so much, we're so grateful for the generosity you've shown us. It means the world to us. Seriously. Thanks. So much. Seriously. --Hexydes 15:13, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Considering I doubt anyone involved in a commercial OS would find themselves resorting to sarcasm, I think we can take that as an approvaly for just changing Poor to Limited. --Kiand 15:41, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * If people can come to arraignment about the skyos wikipedia page I guarantee that I will not change it (since the question has been raised whether people will revert once it is unprotected). I just wanted an equal, fair, true, representation of the OS... one that doesn't mention any theories on whether or not it is GPL compliant (because it is and that would be false advertising if it was left up :) )  --Anonymous

Continuing, hardware support
Wow, I can edit again. The joy.

I am still not happy with the poor hw support thing, since it simply is a blatant lie. Other than that, I am getting tired of this. It's not as if an unbalanced wikipedia article will ruin SkyOS. -- Thom Holwerda

 * Okay, Thom. I think there is consensus that it should not say "poor". Can you live with "as yet limited hardware support relative to that offered by the commercial OSs"? I think this does encompass both POVs.

 * Now, I'm an editor not a computer whatsit, so help me out here. I can recognise a biased piece of writing but I can't quite grasp what the issue is here. If you say it has very good hardware support, I'm at a bit of a loss. If it doesn't work a printer, how is that good? I use a printer every day. If I read this article and it tells me it has great hardware support, I'm left thinking, how come it won't work my printer though? How come it won't work my Firewire devices? What if I don't use the graphics card your system supports? I have to go out and buy a new card? I don't have to do that with Windows. So, look, that's relatively poor. I can see that it's an achievement for Robert to have made it but he's not a giant corporation, so he has to put the work in still. That's why we say "as yet limited". --Anonymous

 * If you don't like this solution, suggest something better. You know that simply saying you're working on a web browser doesn't work. That's just advertising, dude. I think we're quite close to consensus. Tinker with the suggestion I've made rather than try to spin it into something that is unrealistically positive and I think we're there and everyone can be at least content.

 * And please, Thom, sign up with Wikipedia. Contribute in other areas. Your expertise would be very welcome. One of the things that we're advised to do is to try not to work on things that involve our own POV. You can't possibly distance yourself from this subject and you're stuck pushing an agenda. But on others, you will much more easily find neutrality and be a great contributor. --Dr Zen 01:30, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * But it has got poor hardware support - two major graphics vendors and VESA, etc.
 * I doubt I could get it to hit a GUI with sound and networking on my laptop - something Windows, Linux, BeOS and all the BSD's can. There's no printer support, and I presume wireless and firewire are unsupported as well. Hence it HAS got poor support relative to the commercial OS's, and even to the major OSS ones. --Kiand 00:28, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * My point is the fact that stating "relatively poor hardware support" is an empty statement-- it does not make clear what exactly is unsupported. People could indeed read it as a lack of printing support, firewire, or whatever. But, I'm pretty confident that people will think that the chance that it will not run on their computers is bigger than the chance it will run, and that is simply untrue and therefore unfair.

 * Maybe it's a better idea to add what exactly lacks in hardware support -- i.e. FireWire, printing, burning -- so that people know what is supported and what isn't. Fact is SkyOS will run on most systems, and therefore stating "relatively poor hardware support" send out the wrong message.

 * Oh and Dr. Zen, if you think I'm biased in favor of SkyOS, than you really have no idea. I have written several articles for OSNews.com, and I never make SkyOS look better than it is. In fact, in my review of beta 7.9, the critisizm was in the majority. Not in any of my 15+ articles I've written, on various subjects, have I ever showed any unfounded preference for any piece of software or operating system. --Thom Holwerda 12:01, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, Thom, I do think you're biased. I think you want an article that will spin SkyOS the right way. That's okay though! We just need a way to incorporate all POVs. I don't think there's any need for the article to be ultracritical and I think Kiand has backed down from his position and been very fair about it. However, there is a need not to twist the truth too far the other way. --Dr Zen 01:17, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * There's "running" and then there's running. Correct me if I'm wrong, but SkyOS will not do accelerated 3D graphics on any modern graphics card. Now, you can spin that to say that SkyOS supports the geforce and radeon range of cards. However, that's misleading: it will run on them, but with much reduced capabilities than running Windows or Linux on the same machine. --Anonymous

 * I think something needs to be said to reflect this. We can argue over the wording, but the fact remains that a fair and balanced article about SkyOS must mention that the number of devices supported, and the quality of that support, is inferior to Linux and Windows. While SkyOS may boot on most machines, it will certainly not allow you to make full use of your hardware on almost any machine manufactured in the last 4 or 5 years. --Shane King 00:46, Oct 28, 2004 (UTC)

BeOS

 * "and a number of features reminiscent of BeOS"

Skyos has a number of features that reminiscent of alot of that OS's. --Anonymous

 * It has more BeOS like features than other OS's, although it does use a Windows/DOS/OS2 style disk lettering system. That proposed rewrite isn't even in real English, so I don't see how or why it could be put in. --Kiand 14:30, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * SkyOS does NOT have reduced performance on Nvidia and ATI hardware, as far as the desktop is concerned. The only limitation it has is modern gaming. For ANYTHING you are doing on the desktop, SkyOS runs extremely well. The fact is, you're trying to add things in to the SkyOS article that you have absolutely zero experience with. You've never used SkyOS, so how would you know how well it supports hardware? You say Thom's opinion is biased? At least he has USED SkyOS. --Hexydes 01:07, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Hey, man, easy now. NPOV means including *every* point of view. And writing an encyclopaedia means writing articles for *everyone* who might read them. Not everyone has a technical appreciation. Now, if SkyOS doesn't do 3D graphics, it won't even work some of the programs I use. I don't need to use it to know that, I just need to know that the programs I use need it. I'm not actually trying to add anything in to the article. I think it's fine as it is. It seems to cover the OS very reasonably. However, you think it is not positive enough, so we are trying to find a way to accommodate your POV. I don't need to have used it to know that you have a POV, or to agree that it should be included, etc. --Dr Zen 01:17, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * "The only limitation it has is modern gaming. For ANYTHING you are doing on the desktop"...
 * Gee well, guess all my fond memories of 'modern gaming' on my desktop never actually happened, because we all know nobody games on the desktop. *rolls eyes*. 'Anything' means 'Anything', Hexydes.  -- Maru Dubshinki

 * I was responding to Shane King. --Hexydes 01:38, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * This is an open discussion, not a private conversation. If you want to speak to Shane particularly, you can use his talk page or, if you want to continue to attack him personally, perhaps he'll give you his email addy and you can take it there. --Dr Zen 01:42, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I do not need to have experience with SkyOS, in fact that's not even helpful. Wikipedia is not the place for original research! I read sites such as OS news, and so I am aware of the state of SkyOS. Do you deny it's true that SkyOS lacks 3D acceleration for modern graphics cards? Or that some classes of hardware have little or no support? Because unless everything I've read about SkyOS is untrue, that is the case. I don't doubt that SkyOS runs well, I have not claimed it doesn't. However, it's downright misleading to leave out the fact that SkyOS's hardware support is limited compared to other more popular operating systems. To justify leaving the fact out because "ANYTHING you do on the desktop" runs fine isn't a NPOV statement: your opinion on what people do and don't need on the desktop is not relevant. --Anonymous

 * I have nothing against SkyOS, I think it's an amazing effort for such a small group of people to build something that can even be mentioned in the same breath as Windows, which was created by one of the biggest and richest companies on Earth. I sympathise with the problems smaller developers face when trying to get hardware drivers written, or even specs to write those drivers. I wish the situation was better than it is, and SkyOS (and other alternate operating systems) were able to write full drivers for such hardware. However, I'm not going to let that sentimentality slip into an article about it, I'll stick to the facts. --Shane King 05:39, Oct 28, 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't think there would be any problem with a short discussion of those problems even, Shane, would there? If there is a POV that these difficulties create frustration for smaller-OS developers, this is something that could be covered. BTW, was Microsoft big and rich when it first wrote Windows? Presumably it grew from small beginnings too. --Dr Zen 06:29, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

When Microsoft wrote Windows, they weren't exactly 'small'. --Maru Dubshinki

 * I have no problem covering that side of things, so long as it can be done in a neutral way. I'm happy to explain the reasons why SkyOS has limited driver support, so long as the statement is made that is does indeed have limited support, and the reasons why that is so remain non-emotively stated so they don't read like a rant against nVidia (which has legitimate business reasons for not releasing specs).

 * As far as Microsoft goes, it was a bigger company in 1981 when the first version of DOS shipped than SkyOS is now. Also, it's completely impossible to compare the small size of the personal computer market then to what it is now. SkyOS is also much more complicated a piece of software than DOS was. The computer industry moves so fast it's futile to try to compare the circumstances of today with those of over 20 years ago. It's also not really relevant to the article (I only mentioned it in passing because I wanted to say I'm not anti-SkyOS, just looking to keep the article neutral). --Shane King 06:39, Oct 28, 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, I wasn't suggesting we compare the circumstances of the two at all. I was asking you to clarify that for me. The very complexity of the industry now and how it is not a failing of the smaller company not to be entirely competitive with the giants are definitely the balancing up sides of mentioning the down sides of the limited driver support. Would you perhaps undertake to write the section on driver support and post it here on the talk page, so that the interested parties can say yea or nay and move on? I like your idea of giving a broader context for the statement. Perhaps that will be satisfactory to Thom and Hexydes? --Dr Zen 06:45, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

My attempt at redoing the software/driver bit
This is just a suggestion as I was asked to try to write it, don't take it as finished, as I know I can tend to waffle a bit when I write. I also haven't bothered to wikify this text yet.

"As of 2004, SkyOS has drivers for a wide enough range of hardware to run on most PCs. Some types of devices are not supported, such as printers, CD burners and firewire devices. Although SkyOS has good support for most graphics cards in 2D mode, it lacks the ability to take advantage of the 3D hardware found on modern graphics cards like nVidia's GeForce and ATI's Radeon range. The SkyOS developers have asked these companies to consider writing drivers or releasing specifications so that drivers may be written; but at this stage neither company considers SkyOS to have enough marketshare for that to be financially viable."

"SkyOS has applications for most common desktop computing tasks, with a modern graphical web browser and a full office suite being notable exceptions. The availability of niche applications is limited in comparison to other operating systems such as Windows or Linux."

Hopefully that's neutral enough to satisfy everyone, or at least be a workable compromise. I've spent a fair amount of time on it (30 minutes for two paragraphs), so please don't accuse me of deliberate bias, I've really tried my best to come up with something workable. If it's still not satisfactory, please suggest how it can be improved! --Shane King 10:38, Oct 28, 2004 (UTC)

 * I hope the disputing parties will at least thank you, Shane, for the effort. I know I do. I think it's very fair. It's not exactly what either side wanted but it does strike a balance. --Dr Zen 11:18, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Agreed. This is a fair piece, and I have no objections to this at all-- in fact, it was what I had in mind in my last reply.

 * Oh and Dr. Zen, I really take it personal that you dare to call me biased. It obviously shows that you have never read any of my articles. Because if you did, you'd know I'm one of the few unbiased operating system enthousiasts still out there. Reconsider your statement, please. --Thom Holwerda 13:02, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I call it as I see it, Thom. All I've seen from you is what you've written here. We are having this discussion because some people wish there to be a bias in the article. You're not alone in it but I do feel it's something you should accept. I've suggested to you that you should contribute to other articles that you're not so close to and I think you should strongly consider that. --Dr Zen 00:30, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I do not find what I have said here to be biased. Maybe you should look the word up in a dictionary :). And maybe I will contribute to other articles-- especially ones that have to do with The Netherlands. But, I am not willing to contribute here, if the people around here dare to call me biased-- if you think I am, don't let me edit at all. Which has already happened anyway. --Thom Holwerda 14:04, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Excellent, hopefully we're nearing a resolution here so the page will be unprotected soon and this change will be able to be made. --Shane King 13:50, Oct 28, 2004 (UTC)

 * Hrm. I'll accept ShaneKings rewrite assuming we don't take the unsigned, anonymous, pidgin-English suggestion above for changing the line about what OS's its like. --Kiand 14:30, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I can accept this paragraph (even though financial motivations is NOT the reason why Nvidia and ATI refused to support us. It would cost them NOTHING to let us use their code to write drivers). However, I do ask that the page be reverted to one of the previous versions that had quite a lot of relevant information about SkyOS (such as the list of what each beta included, etc.). --Hexydes 16:31, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * It would have meant them giving trade secrets to a third party, which ultimately comes down to a financial concern, as those trade secrets are considered to be worth money by nVidia and ATI. Whether or not the worry is legitimate or not, is not my concern. I'm merely reporting on it, the reader can decide for themselves whether nVidia and ATI are right to worry or not. Wikipedia is not the place for me to editorialise.
 * --Shane King 01:12, Oct 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Those sections were cut for the reason that they're not needed and not encyclopaedic. The betas aren't public and hence there is no point saying what's in them. They are not relevant. --Kiand 17:15, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * It is relevant, factual information about SkyOS. People that follow SkyOS are always interested in what has been included in the betas, and what will be in the next betas. Once again, you're not interested in meeting halfway on this, you want it your way. We are discussing this in order to come to an agreement, and you're simply negating anything that doesn't fall into your critical view of SkyOS. --Anonymous

I'm fine with the re-written paragraph, but I want the more complete version of the article that appeared before, with the addition/replacement of the new paragraph, because it contains interesting, factual information about SkyOS. If you can't accept those terms, then just keep the article locked, because we will continue to edit it back to what we feel is appropriate. --Hexydes 17:54, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Your older version was an advert. It will never be brought back. --Anonymous

 * We've almost reached a concensus on what is to be done to this version. If you keep editing or reverting, you will be blocked. Simple as that. --Anonymous

 * If you want a pro-SkyOS Wiki article, with a full list of apps ported, whats in each beta, etc, set a Wiki up on your own webserver. The Wikipedia is not for that kind of self-promotion. --Kiand 18:01, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Please explain how listing what applications are available, and what has been included in each beta, is self-promotion. It is factual information about SkyOS that we are often asked about. Obviously, people want to know about that information, or they would not ask about it. It is factual, we're not making it up. It should be included. I've now said I am willing to accept the re-write above in regards to hardware. You speak about a consensus, defined as "An opinion or position reached by a group as a whole". I am working towards that goal, by allowing concessions to what I think should be written in parts of the atricle. You, however, are not interested in coming to a consensus. You are only interested in having included what you want included, and nothing more. This is just another shining example of the bias you are attempting to introduce into this article. --Hexydes 18:41, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Check the "What Wikipedia is" and "What Wikipedia is not" articles. You'll find that listing what apps an OS has and what was in each closed beta is not covered in What the Wikipedia Is. --Kiand 19:02, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I've read these before. I asked YOU to tell me how you think the above is self-promotion, as you so said. Please elaborate why you believe that the posting of factual, relevant information is, in your mind, self-promotion. --Hexydes 19:29, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * This is preposterous, Hexydes. We are having this discussion to end an edit war. We have bashed out a consensus between the two sides and your suggestion to implement that consensus is to revert to your edit? You just aren't getting into the spirit, man. Yes, the listing of what was in each beta is "factual", but it is also "factual" that Bill Gates wore nappies as a baby, that there are leaves on the pavements of London right now and that three and three is six. Factuality alone cannot be a criterion for inclusion. Relevance and notability are how we distinguish a fact to be included from one that should not. What is the relevance of listing what was in each beta? Purely to advertise the capabilities of the OS. You have an external link to a place where you can advertise to your heart's content. I agree totally with Kiand on this issue. I think we have made a good compromise and I also think that because Kiand and Shane gave a lot more ground than you did, you think that you can get all you want by simply refusing to negotiate it. --Dr Zen 00:30, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * It is relevant because it tells about the history of what has been done in developing the most recent version of SkyOS. I'm so tired of hearing that you think I am advertising SkyOS on Wikipedia. We literally get about 3 hits a week from Wikipedia. I couldn't honestly care less if we receive any traffic from Wikipedia or not, we receive more than enough traffic from other venues. Saying that I am trying to advertise SkyOS makes absolutely no sense. Not to mention, if I WAS trying to advertise SkyOS, don't you think I would find a bit more interesting or effective means of doing it than by listing changes in a beta? I am simply trying to include factually important and relevant information that might be of interest to someone trying to learn more about SkyOS.
 * I really would like you to explain why you believe listing beta changes is advertising for SkyOS. I really can't figure out your frame of thought on that at all. It makes no sense. --Hexydes 02:12, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I think you should step away from editing this article. You are far too close to it. Why not work on something else? You might be tired of hearing that it's self-promotion, but your closeness to it makes it very hard to believe that you are taking a neutral look at it. See, I am, and it looks like blatant self-promotion to me. You haven't even begun to convince me otherwise. --Anonymous

 * So here's what I suggest. You put in your list of betas and revisions and Kiand can add what the revision did not include. This will make the article NPOV. Also, to resolve the difficulties some have with what software is and isn't supported, if you will not get behind Shane's excellent compromise, you can have a list of the programs it does support, complemented by a very very long list of the programs it does not. I think the version Shane suggests very neatly balances the two views. If you insist on something more comprehensive, I think you should get it. You have fought very hard not to allow negative viewpoints to be expressed in this article but in fact Wikipedia is all about expressing every viewpoint. How it does it is a matter for discussion and debate, but it should do it.  ::--Dr Zen 03:23, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

The GPL Issue
Although SkyOS may or may not (I believe it doesn't) violate the GPL, should the article say that "some have suspected that SkyOS violates the GPL, although its author has repeatedly said it doesn't." Even if it is proven that SkyOS doesn't violate the GPL, that info should be in the article because it's part of the history of SkyOS.

 * This is what I tried to say, repeatedly, but we've got zealots who remove it constantly. Every article you see on OSNews or Slashdot has the same suspicions on it, it is a major subject.... but no, certain users just remove it every time its posted. --Kiand 08:25, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah. As long as it's worded so that it doesn't say that SkyOS does, but there is just a suspicion. I don't think that SkyOS uses GPL, but I think that Wikipedia needs to have a lot of accurate information.

 * Depends on how you look at it. If I accuse person X of being a racist, without any apiece of evidence, and I get a group of die-hard zealot followers who feel the same, should that be added to person X' Wikipedia entry? I think not. --Thom Holwerda

 * Hmm... Person A generates controversy around person B; Thom argues all mention of controversy should be excised from B's article, as being of absolutely no relevance or interest whatsoever to anyone. But of course! It's so simple and logical, why did I not see it earlier? --maru 22:59, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I would agree if there was a reasonable cause behind the belief, but rather it was born by the ignorance of a /. poster's ignorance about how the linux binary interpreters work.

 * If there was actually one iota of evidence about possible GPL violations, it might be a valid point of discussion but all there is are rumors, unfounded rumors by people who do not know the history of SkyOS. SkyOS has been around since in 1997; it isn't some OS that just appeared fully formed.

 * The evidence is that POSIX compatible operating systems like FreeBSD and Linux contain millions of lines of code. Anyone who thinks Robert built a POSIX compatible OS from scratch knows nothing at all about programming. The fact that Robert also claims to have written over 1000 drivers makes it obvious that he is not being truthful. Beyond the fact that it is impossible for one person to write that many drivers, who supplied him with the hundreds of printers and network devices required to test them with? If that is not enough, look at the fact that SkyOS offers no real functional advantages over Linux or FreeBSD. I'm sure if you look you'll also find that SkyOS support little to no hardware beyond what is already supported in Linux and FreeBSD. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 68.118.218.191 (talk) 04:50, 3 January 2007 (UTC).

 * What if he simply took FreeBSD drivers? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 160.92.7.69 (talk) 11:48, 19 March 2007 (UTC).

 * SkyOS has a page with source downloads to all files that are GPL that are used, to the best of my knowledge it does not violate any GPL license for anything and i have followed the project for a while, while i have not contributed anything to it, i do watch it closely out of interest so do not call me some kind of zealot either, i don't even use it, just watch it, and i know how much work Robert puts into it. - Liam Dawe —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.46.55.243 (talk) 22:46, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

New Version
I have changed the entry for SkyOS to reflect the fact that SkyOS 5.0 has turned into a complete rewrite of the OS from the ground up. The tag 5.0 is set to be dropped and it will simply be SkyOS.

Updates
I don't usually make edits to pages so I'm gonna post here instead.

On SkyOS's website the current news articles and the screenshots that are in them show that they new have printing support using CUPS. It also showed Quake 3 (meaning it supports 3D graphics) And USB support.

If there's someone reading this who is in the beta and can confirm this to be fact (Not that I don't trust the website, just that I think we should have someone give a 2nd opinion) you might want to add that to the page (and remove the lines saying that It doesn't support USB, Printing and 3D)

Roger
 * I have updated the page. The 3D support is, for now, software only. Lord Chess 23:56, 28 September 2006 (UTC)

SkyGI
SkyGI was up for deletion under prod, but I've opted to redirect it here, instead. If anybody wants to merge the old information, it's available in the page history. Cheers! Luna Santin 01:21, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

SkyOS Technologies
Hi, it would be nice to see a section about skyos's technologies and original concepts. right now, there is only availability of drivers, but no mention of the bigger picture. the concept of services used throughout skyos, DCS, integrated gui, integrated components and communications between them (like the filter and find features, like the notifier..) basic gui components (panel, notifier, desktop with icons...) the filesystem used - its advantages and how it's used in the system itself. programming for skyos, the possibilities. the history, from the beginning.. til today. the developing pace and where things are going, the choices for development and focus. there are also technologies that are in use, that even the beta testers know very little about, except a mention at the changelog, or at some obscure part of the website. (like: New cache subsystem. what does it mean?) I think it would be good to get information from an insider or from the main developer and after all the content is available, then start changing the excited tone, to a dry factual encyclopaedic tone. if you'd still want to..

my suggestion for you guys. I want to know more facts and information about this OS. but it seems wikipedia doesn't have much.

see you, Kobi —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

Bias
Hi This article quite clearly lacks many issues which are being blatantly restrained. This includes the issues surrounding the closing of Sky OS source code promptly at the same time as the "rewrite". A criticism (which I will add) is much deserved.

Also whoever wrote "*The new C++ API* contains many functionalities that were determined from real world usage, for programming an application in skyos", as a programmer I find this to be a rather worthless peice of text and it comes out as weasel words. *What* "usage"? *What* "functionalities"? Since you also didn't capitalise SkyOS I'll assume this to be broken and remove it. ColinAlston (talk) 11:18, 21 February 2008 (UTC)

 * SkyOS was originally BSD licensed, not GPL, so the closing of the code is irrelevant. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.205.61.99 (talk) 02:42, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

 * How is it irrelevant? The license makes absolutely no difference to the effect on the Open Source community. 41.242.123.163 (talk) 18:46, 2 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Or for that matter, how does it refute any argument that GPL works are now used? ColinAlston (talk) 18:55, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

 * First, why should it refute any argument about the GPL? Please make yourself familiar with the GPL and the way GPL programs are used in SkyOS!
 * Second, which issues surrounding the closing of the source are you talking about? I'm not aware of any issue about this.

 * And that SkyOS has been criticised (most frequently on their website forums) for moving away from a previously Open Source model to a proprietary model is complete nonsense. Where did you get this from? Where did you actually got all your "facts" from? Please, please, try to actually recherche a bit (GPL, licenses, SkyOS history, ...) before posting wrong assumption and complete missinformed nonsense.
 * And: "Many have speculated that SkyOS may be violating the GPL license of other works in its new code-base for numerous reasons.". Again, get the facts and not just speculations made by puberty children.
 * I removed the critism section because the information is complete wrong, therefore not relevant at all, and obvisously written by people having no clue about SkyOS and they didn't recherche at all
 * Robert Szeleney, 90.146.34.54 (talk) 19:19, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

Hey also how the hell do any of those kernel features "distinguish it from others?" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.67.78.77 (talk) 04:09, 20 June 2010 (UTC)

Availability?
The article doesn't seem to say anything about how available SkyOS is. It says quite a bit about the issues surrounding its source, but nothing about how to actually obtain it. Is it free to download? Will its availability change in the future? I know I can answer these questions by going to the SkyOS webpage, but it would be nice for someone with some knowledge about SkyOS to say a few words about availability in the article. 66.93.12.46 (talk) 08:19, 14 May 2008 (UTC)

Article sourcing in desperate need of improvement
The article has virtual no sources outside of skyos.org so I've added a refimprove template. I also think some parts of it are not exactly NPOV, e.g. "but development of SkyOS continues as fast as ever" but I'll leave that for another time Nil Einne (talk) 10:29, 17 September 2008 (UTC)

 * I reverted this edit based on your reasoning; it's a relatively unpopular operating system with little or no expert literature outside of the official website, which, by the way, is perhaps the most reliable source one can use to source statements. As a general rule, citing is required for claims or ideas that are likely to be challenged. If you saw anything in the article like this, please mark it as such (or, better, yet, source the material yourself instead of littering random articles with "OMG WHERE DOES IT SAY THAT!" Alex Forster (talk) 05:10, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:SkyOS


text:
Pontiac (federal electoral district)

Pontiac (formerly known as Pontiac—Gatineau—Labelle) is a federal electoral district in western Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1949 and since 1968.

In every election since its creation except 1979 and 2011, Pontiac has been a bellwether electoral district whose electoral winner also was a member of the winning party.

History
The electoral district existed over three distinct periods:
 * It was created by the British North America Act of 1867 which preserved existing electoral districts in Lower Canada. It was redistributed into the new electoral districts of Pontiac—Témiscamingue and Villeneuve in 1947.
 * In 1966, an electoral district of Pontiac was created from Pontiac—Témiscamingue and parts of Gatineau and Labelle. Then, in 1978, it was renamed "Pontiac—Gatineau—Labelle".
 * In 2003, the electoral district of Pontiac was created again during a redistribution of the ridings in western Quebec.

Pontiac lost territory to Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation and gained territory from Hull—Aylmer and Gatineau during the 2012 electoral redistribution.

Following the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, the riding will largely be replaced by Pontiac—Kitigan Zibi. It loses Val-des-Monts to Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation; loses that part of the City of Gatineau west of Montée Paiement to the riding of Gatineau; and gains the rest of the Plateau neighbourhood from Hull—Aylmer.

Geography
The electoral district includes:
 * the regional county municipality of Pontiac
 * the Regional County Municipality of La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, including Rapid Lake and Kitigan Zibi indian reserves
 * that part of the City of Gatineau northwest of a line following Montée Paiment to Autoroute 50 to Boulevard la Vérendrye Ouest.
 * that part of the City of Gatineau northwest of a line following Promenade de la Gatineau to Boulevard Saint-Raymond to Chemin Pink to Boulevard des Grives to Boulevard des Allumettières to Chemin Eardley
 * the regional county municipality of Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais (excepting L'Ange-Gardien and Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette)

The neighbouring ridings are Abitibi—Témiscamingue, Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou, Saint-Maurice—Champlain, Laurentides—Labelle, Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation, Hull—Aylmer and Gatineau (in Quebec) and Glengarry—Prescott—Russell, Ottawa—Orléans, Ottawa West—Nepean, Carleton—Mississippi Mills, and Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke (in Ontario).

Demographics
According to the 2021 Canadian census

Ethnic groups: 80.6% White, 7.9% Indigenous, 5.6% Black, 2.1% Arab, 1.2% Latin American

Languages: 65.1% French, 22.7% English, 1.5% Arabic, 1.2% Spanish

Religions: 64.4% Christian (50.4% Catholic, 1.6% Anglican, 1.4% United Church, 1.2% Christian Orthodox, 9.8% Other), 3.4% Muslim, 31.0% None

Median income: $48,400 (2020)

Average income: $56,950 (2020)

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Pontiac (federal electoral district)


text:
User:Klo~enwiki

Hello! I'm Kevin, a computer programmer living in Orlando, Florida.

title: User:Klo~enwiki


text:
Abdank coat of arms

Abdank is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Blazoning
Gules łękawica argent, crest: łąkawica as in arms.

History
According to Kasper Niesiecki, the beginning of this shield dates from the time of Krakus, a mythological Polish monarch who founded and gave his name to the city of Kraków. On Wawel Mount, where Kraków's castle stood, from the Wisła (Vistula) river side, a man-eating dragon showed up. One day a man called Skuba, a young shoemaker, took the skin of a flayed sheep, put tar and sulphur and fire-brand into it and threw it into the dragon's lair. The dragon, not recognizing the deception, assumed it was a sacrifice from the people of Kraków and ate the fake sheep. The fire in his belly ignited it and as a result the dragon became very thirsty. He drank and drank the water from the Wisła river until he finally exploded and died. For his heroic deed Krakus granted Skuba the letter "W" to his shield, standing either for wąż (snake) or for Wawel. This letter can be seen on the Abdank coat of arms.

The Awdaniec Clan (such as it may be) has been called variously: "Awdaniec," "Abdaniec," "Abdanka," "Awdanc," "Awdanczyc," "Habdaniec," "Habdank," "Habdaniec," "Hebdank," "Lakotka," "Lekawa," "Lekawica," "Lekotka," "Bialkotka," "Szczedrzyk," "Skuba," and probably other things similar and dissimilar. Known recorded war cries are: "Abdaniec!," "Abdank!,""Awdaniec!," "Habdank!," and "Hebdank!."

Abdank in literature
In Henryk Sienkiewicz's "With Fire and Sword" the Cossack leader Bohdan Khmelnytsky, wishing to hide his true identity, falsely introduces himself to the main protagonist Skrzetuski as "Zenobi Abdank, Abdank Coat of Arms, Abdank with a cross, a nobleman of Kiev county".

Notable bearers
Notable bearers of this Coat of Arms include:

 * Józef Ankwicz, Deputy to the Great Sejm
 * Andrzej Alojzy Ankwicz, Roman Catholic archbishop of Prague
 * Skarbmir count palatine of Poland
 * Bernard Zdzisław Skarbek, Count, Colonel 3rd Carpathian Rifle Division (Poland); World War II battles: Battle of Monte Cassino, Battle of Ancona, Battle of Bologna
 * Martynas Goštautas
 * Jonas Goštautas
 * Albrecht Goštautas
 * Stanislovas Goštautas
 * Marian Toczyński
 * Jerzy Jazłowiecki
 * Bohdan Khmelnytsky, leader of the Khmelnytsky Uprising
 * Jan Konarski, Bishop of Kraków
 * Alfred Korzybski, linguist
 * Jan Kozietulski, commander of the Polish cavalry charge at the Battle of Somosierra
 * Ignacy Skarbek-Kruszewski, Polish and Belgian general
 * Boguslaw Kruszewski, sailor
 * Mikołaj Kruszewski
 * Miroslawa Kruszewska, writer, poet
 * Konrad Johann Kruszewski, artist, graphic designer
 * Mieszko Boguslaw Kruszewski, translator, writer
 * Tomasz Włodzimierz Kruszewski, veteran
 * Kazimierz Rudzki
 * Wilfrid Voynich (born Michał Habdank-Wojnicz)
 * Ivan Vyhovsky, Ataman of the Ukrainian Cossacks
 * Christine Granville (born Krystyna Skarbek)
 * Michał Haraburda

Related coat of arms

 * Syrokomla coat of arms

title: Abdank coat of arms


text:
Korab coat of arms

Korab is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by many szlachta (noble) families under the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

History
In 1983 the Polish Korab coat of arms was unusually incorporated into a grant of arms by the English College of Arms in London. These new arms included the Ciołek Arms held by the Zelenski (Zileinski) clan which were used as the crest of the Armorial Bearings with the shield of the Korab remaining the same. The two families were united by marriage in 1977. This was an unusual grant of arms and said to have made heraldic history in England.
 * Motto of the Korab coat of arms: "Deo Gloria" ("Glory to God").
 * First Mention: 1242 Zbislaw of Korab appointed Voivode of Sieradz
 * Second Registry: 1292 from the Seal of Korab.
 * Third Registry: 1480s - Revised. "The golden Watchtower within the Ark of Noah was removed from the Seal of Korab and replaced with a Black Mast.

Notable bearers
Notable bearers of this coat of arms have included:

 * Zbislaw of Sieradz
 * Janisław I, Archbishop of Gniezno
 * Jan Łaski (1456–1531), Primate of Poland
 * Hieronymus Łaski
 * Jakub Zadzik
 * Wojciech Chrzanowski (1793-1861), polish general
 * Ludomił Rayski
 * Jacques Hnizdovsky (1915-1985) — Ukrainian-American painter, printmaker, graphic designer, illustrator and sculptor
 * Mikołaj Łabęcki (1830-1908), polish judge
 * Hanna Helena Chrzanowska (1902 – 1973), blessed Polish Roman Catholic nurse and Benedictine oblate.

title: Korab coat of arms


text:
Talk:Australian Eggs

from VfD
Delete, advert.-PlasmaDragon 15:15, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Yeah, this is just an ad. Geogre 17:37, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * KEEP. It is actually an Australian federal government statutory authority.--Gene_poole 07:32, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. A major marketer of eggs in Australia. Capitalistroadster 07:59, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. This is not a normal business. Better to list on the Australian Wikipedians' messageboard. - Ta bu shi da yu 12:15, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. No[[User_talk:norm|rm]] 12:22, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - needs expansion, not deletion. T.P.K. 12:25, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - just because it is an incorporated entity does not make it automatically an advertisement. --BenM 14:20, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - information is not advertisement. Propoganda is advertisement.--ZayZayEM 14:31, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - Chuq 21:50, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep -- Nickj 23:18, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - needs expansion, not deletion. -- Alphax 23:55, Oct 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - it should be deleated the second that egg or australia are deemed unencyclopidic, until then, it should be kept. The bellman 09:44, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep -- Aaron Hill 14:10, Oct 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - corporation of the Australian Government - Camerong 06:41, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

Assessment comment
Substituted at 18:08, 17 July 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Australian Eggs


text:
Catch 'em if You Can

"Catch 'em if You Can" is the eighteenth episode of the fifteenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 25, 2004.

Plot
Bart lectures the other students on the bus on the topic of water balloons. After he hits Lisa with one she fights with him all the way home. Marge stops them and tells the pair that they are going to Ohio to celebrate Uncle Tyrone's birthday. Bart and Lisa are saddened with the idea as Tyrone complained last year about why he is still alive. Homer and Marge relent and allow the kids to stay home; but Marge insists they do one family activity together. They all rent a romantic film; Bart and Lisa are unimpressed by it such that they ruin any moment the film might have created for Homer and Marge.

Homer and Marge look forward to their trip without the children as they ruin every possible chance of intimacy for them. At the airport the next day, they see people in another queue, dressed in Hawaiian shirts and skimpy tops, going to Miami. This causes them to reminisce on their less-than-stellar honeymoon at a beach billboard in a run-down area of Springfield. On a whim, they decide to forego visiting Tyrone and get on the plane to Miami as a second honeymoon. As the flight is overbooked, they are upgraded to first-class, much to their delight.

Bart, Lisa and Grampa learn on the news that the hotel in Dayton where Marge and Homer are supposed to be staying has been completely wiped out by a tornado. They suddenly get a call from Marge, informing them that all is well. Suspicious, Bart uses last-call return to find out the last incoming phone number and discovers their parents are in Miami. He and Lisa get Grampa to take them there.

Homer and Marge see the children waiting for them outside their hotel room door, so they run from the ready-to-track-them-down pair, causing Bart and Lisa to summon a hot pursuit of their parents in an instrumental musical montage and an animated sequence. They will not have any trouble paying for their chase, considering Homer has borrowed Ned Flanders' credit card and Bart has borrowed Rod Flanders' credit card. Meanwhile, in Miami, Grampa finds companionship with an old man named Raúl who responds by turning his hearing aid off.

Homer and Marge finally find themselves at the Niagara Falls, only to find the children are already there. When Bart and Lisa confront them, they agree to let them mess about in the room, making them even more despondent. The next day, Bart and Lisa, feeling a little guilty, decide to give their parents some space, and go to an amusement park, inadvertently running into Homer and Marge who snuck off for some time alone. Refusing to allow Lisa to explain, an angry Homer and Marge start running away again and find refuge in a giant inflatable castle, which their lovemaking antics cause them to fall into the Niagara River. The Canadian and American rescue teams start to fight over who is to rescue as the couple floats towards the falls and certain death, only to be saved by their large flotation device. They pass by the Maid of the Mist, whose captain asks them if there is anyone alive. Homer and Marge shout they are more alive than any of the boat's squares from inside the inflatable castle, as it floats away, and they engage in martial artistic sexual intercourse underneath the falls. Bart and Lisa, watching from a telescope, decide that everything worked out just fine.

Meanwhile, back in Springfield, Ned and Rod Flanders receive their monthly credit card bills and gasp at the charges Homer and Bart have run up.

Cultural references
The title of the episode is a reference to the film Catch Me If You Can, which is also parodied in the musical montage.

When Bart and Lisa arrive in Miami, an excerpt of the Miami Vice theme song is heard.

Homer is traveling by air in first class and says "Look at me, I'm reading The Economist. Did you know Indonesia is at a crossroads?" and when questioned by his wife, he simply replies "It is!" Four days later, The Economist indeed had an article about Indonesia referring to the "crossroads", and mentioned the Simpsons episode in short weekly commentaries. The title of the issue was "Indonesia's Gambit". About seven months later, The Economist ran a cover headline reading "Indonesia at a Crossroads". The running gag continued with a direct reference on Sept. 22nd, 2013 and an indirect one on Oct. 4th 2014.

 * Drederick Tatum tells Homer and Marge as they roll out of an elevator he is fighting a White Rhino at the Tropicana (a real Atlantic City casino) with shows at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 & Midnight.
 * Next to the Lackluster Video (itself a spoof of Blockbuster Video) entrance, there is a sign that reads "If it doesn't star Sandra Bullock, your rental is free!".
 * In the same video store, Moe nervously enters the "ADULT FILMS" section in the back, to which Bart follows him in euphoric expectation, only to find out that the private room features arthouse movies from "Merchant-Ivory", "Truffaut", "Unfunny Woody Allen", "Henry Jaglom", "Bergman", "Spike & Ang Lee" rather than adult movies. (Truffaut's Stolen Kisses can be read listed in the "Spike & Ang Lee" section as well as its correct place.)
 * There is a Futurama poster in the Lackluster video store.
 * The song playing on the record player that the two older men are carrying is a re-recorded version of "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy" by The Andrews Sisters on Capitol Records.
 * The other people at Uncle Tyrone's birthday are the Simpsons that Homer gathered in the episode Lisa the Simpson.

Reception
The episode was well-received with critics. It won a Writers Guild of America Award for Best Animation Screenplay in 2005.

title: Catch 'em if You Can


text: User talk:81.134.10.250

title: User talk:81.134.10.250


text:
UWC Red Cross Nordic

The school UWC Red Cross Nordic (Norwegian: UWC Røde Kors Nordisk), formerly known as Red Cross Nordic United World College, was founded in 1995, located in Norway. It is the ninth member of the today 18 United World Colleges, others having been established in Wales, Canada, Hong Kong, Italy, India, Singapore, Swaziland, United States, Costa Rica, the Netherlands, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Germany, Armenia, China, Thailand, Japan, and Tanzania. Patrons of the college and the movement include Nelson Mandela, Queen Noor of Jordan and Queen Sonja of Norway. The first college, UWC Atlantic College, was established by the German educationalist Kurt Hahn to promote international understanding and peace. Students are selected by UWC National Committees or selection contacts in over 150 countries on merit and many receive full scholarships. After the two-year education following the guidelines of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program students usually go on to higher education. UWC students are eligible to participate in the Shelby Davis Scholarship program, which funds undergraduate studies (based on need) for UWC students at many US universities. The school is led by the Rektor, Pelham Lindfield Roberts, Deputy Rektor, Natasha Lambert and the Board of Governors, currently chaired by Elizabeth Sellevold.

Location and facilities
UWCRCN is located on the remote shores of Flekke in the community of Fjaler, Sogn og Fjordane County, Western Coastal, Norway at approximately 61.33278°N, 5.33556°W. The college enrolls 200 students aged 16 to 20 from more than 80 different nations, including teenagers from SOS Children's Villages and refugees. The College not only focuses on academics, but also seeks to find a balance between studies, community services and activities. It lies alongside the Red Cross Haugland Rehabilitation Centre. The two institutions work closely together and share many facilities. The College has become a reality through the cooperative efforts of many organizations including the Norwegian National Committee of UWC, the Norwegian Red Cross and the host municipality of Fjaler. UWC Red Cross Nordic was set up with support from all Nordic countries, which provide the funding for the yearly running of it. In addition private sponsors have supported the building program and recent renovation efforts.

Activities
Activities offered at the college include, among many others, climbing, kayaking and hiking, Model United Nations (MUN), environmental groups and musical activities. The college raises political awareness through presentations held by external guest speakers and students on political issues which are open to the whole college and the surrounding community. The college participates in aid projects and works with the local and national Red Cross. The school has its own Red Cross Youth group. Many staff members and all students offer a range of activities to youngsters from many Norwegian schools during one week courses in spring, summer and autumn. This is organised through the college Leirskule (Camp School) program which is led by staff with the additional support of EVS volunteers.

Aims
The aim of UWC is to use education as a force to unite peoples, nations and cultures for peace and a sustainable future. UWC Red Cross Nordic, with a special emphasis on Nordic, environmental and humanitarian concerns, brings highly motivated young students from all parts of the world so they can live and learn together. The college's objective is to help students become active, involved and educated citizens whose attitudes towards understanding and service will be a powerful catalyst for change. Through these students, who are selected on merit as representatives of their countries, UWCRCN hopes to influence their wider communities to become more understanding, compassionate and peaceful. The international UWC organization aims "to create a better and more tolerant world”.

Notable pupils

 * Mette Karlsvik (1978-)
 * Mark Wang (1981-)
 * David Moinina Sengeh (1987?-)
 * Fanny Ketter (1996-)
 * Jacob Bredesen (1998-)

title: UWC Red Cross Nordic


text:
Category:Castles in Iran

Translation notes

 * Arg (ارگ) ≈ "citadel"
 * Ghal'eh (قلعه) ≈ "fortress, castle, citadel"
 * Dezh (دژ) ≈ "fortress, castle"
 * Estehkamat (استحکامات) ≈ "fortification "

title: Category:Castles in Iran


text:
Kownia coat of arms

Kownia is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Notable bearers
Notable bearers of this coat of arms include:

title: Kownia coat of arms


text:
So Wound

So Wound is the second (and last) album by the Halifax (Nova Scotia) rock band Jale, released in 1996 on Sub Pop Records. A consciously more power-pop album than its predecessor, Dreamcake, So Wound received critical praise but failed to make significant radio impact.

Shortly after the release of So Wound, the band split up.

Critical reception
Ira Robbins, in Trouser Press, wrote: "Appreciably elevating the band’s skill and confidence levels from indie pop cuteness to real contention (while upholding the lyrical fortitude), the album is a taut, purposeful marvel of great pop songs in a number of cohesively connected modes."

Track listing

 * 1) "Ali"
 * 2) "Hey Hey"
 * 3) "Sign of Life"
 * 4) "All Ready"
 * 5) "Tumble"
 * 6) "Blue"
 * 7) "Mosquito"
 * 8) "Storm"
 * 9) "Drag"
 * 10) "Back on Track"
 * 11) "Over You"
 * 12) "Despite"
 * 13) "Superstar"

Hidden track
Approximately fifteen seconds after the end of "Superstar" there is an unlisted track, informally known as "Sentimental."

title: So Wound


text:
Frayssinet-le-Gélat

Frayssinet-le-Gélat (Fraissinet lo Gelat) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.

History
In Frayssinet-le-Gélat, members of the French underground shot and killed a German officer. For this crime, 15 hostages were taken and assassinated by the SS. Ten were young males from one-child families and five were young women. This was to prevent any further family line of descent. The schoolmaster tried to escape but was shot outside the school. Each May 21, villagers gather outside the church for an act of remembrance. Outside the church is a small monument mounted with a stone cross, and a plaque bearing the names of the victims. Another monument to the 15th victim stands where he was shot.

title: Frayssinet-le-Gélat