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Windsor Spitfires

The Windsor Spitfires are a Canadian junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). The team is based in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1971, the franchise was promoted to the Ontario Major Junior Hockey League for the 1975–76 season. An unrelated Windsor Spitfires team, founded in 1946, moved to become the Hamilton Tiger Cubs in 1953, and later became the Erie Otters in 1996.

History
The original Spitfires in the Ontario Hockey Association played from 1945 to 1953. The name Spitfires was chosen to honour the 417 Combat Support Squadron, a Royal Canadian Air Force squadron nicknamed "City of Windsor" established during World War II in England (today based at CFB Cold Lake in Alberta), and used the Supermarine Spitfire fighter aircraft. During this period the Spitfires reached the league finals twice, and featured four future Hockey Hall of Fame players. Prior to 1945, local junior hockey was divided up into the six-team Windsor Junior Hockey League. The Spitfires folded in 1953 as hockey interests in Windsor chose to focus their attention on the OHA Senior A Hockey League, which resulted in the founding of the Windsor Bulldogs. Eventually five former Spitfires laced up with the Bulldogs and one, Bobby Brown, won an Allan Cup with the team (1963). The Bulldogs folded in 1964 after one season in the International Hockey League.

Tier II Junior A
The modern Windsor Spitfires started as a Tier II Junior A team that played in the Southern Ontario Junior A Hockey League from 1971 to 1975. The Spitfires first game as a franchise was in Guelph, Ontario, against the Guelph CMC's on October 1, 1971. The Spitfires lost the game 11–3, with Laurie Gregan scoring the first two goals in team history in the first period. Fifteen-year-old goaltender Larry Verlinde played the entire first game in team history, making 37 saves in the loss. The home game and first victory in team history occurred on October 7, 1971, at the Windsor Arena against the Chatham Maroons, winning 4–2 on the back of future NHL goaltender Eddie Mio who made 49 saves. Dean Sheremeta scored the winning goal.

The Spitfires finished their first season with a record of 21 wins, 32 losses, and 3 ties. Finishing sixth place out of eight teams, the Spitfires drew local rival Chatham Maroons in a best-of-seven league quarter-final. The Maroons, who finished third with 33 wins, 17 losses, and 6 ties, were favoured to win. The Spitfires' first playoff game took place on February 23, 1972, in Chatham, Ontario, for a 3–2 win over the Maroons to take a one-game lead in the series. Goaltender Bryan Rose made 35 saves in the winning effort, while the Spits' first playoff goal and later winning goals were scored by Wolf Hiesl, both in the second period. The Spitfires lost the next four games to the Maroons to end their season.

The 1972–73 season, the Spitfires second season, finished with their first winning record – 30 wins, 21 losses, and 9 ties. Finishing third in a league of seven teams, the Spitfires drew the fourth place Niagara Falls Flyers (28–25–7) in the league quarter-final. The Spits dropped game one 6–4 in Niagara Falls, while in game two the Spits tied the series with a 6–4 win of their own at home. Back in Niagara, the Flyers shellacked the Spitfires 7–2 to take the series lead again. The fourth game was a disaster for the Spitfires, at home they blew a third period deadlock to lose 7–5 and fall behind in the series 3-games-to-1. In game five, the Spitfires needed to make a change. Future IHLer Tony Piroski and partner Jean Pominville had uninspired starts in games three and four and were replaced by third-string goalie, and future NHLer, Rick Heinz. Heinz had spent the season in Junior B with the Spitfires' farm team Windsor Royals and was new to the pressure of Junior A playoff hockey. The gamble paid off, as an inspired Spitfire squad won the game 9-4 while Heinz capped of a 24-save night for the victory. In game six, coach Jerry Serviss returned to his starting goalie, Tony Piroski, in net on the road. Piroski rewarded his coach's confidence with a 5–4, 33-save victory - evening the series at 3 games each. Mark Smith scored the eventual game winner for the Spitfires. Game seven saw the two teams return for a final showdown at the Windsor Arena. The Spitfires would take the game 6–3 in front of a capacity crowd of 5,189 fans. The victory, winning in seven games, was the Spitfires' first ever playoff series victory. Waiting for them, rested for the semi-final, was the first place Guelph Biltmore Mad Hatters (39–13–8). The Biltmores, defending National Champions, made short work of the Spitfires sweeping them in four games.

The 1973–74 season would prove to be the defining moment of the Spitfires stint in Tier II Junior A. Headed by new head coach and general manager Wayne Maxner, the Spitfires won the Southern Ontario Junior A regular season title with a record of 39 wins, 15 losses, and 8 ties. Their record would put them four points ahead of the second place Welland Sabres and automatically give them a berth into the league playoff semi-finals. Scott Miller would win the SOJHL scoring title with 73 goals and 125 points over the course of the season. The Spitfires semi-final opponent was their cross-river rival Detroit Jr. Red Wings. The Red Wings had finished the season in fifth out of eight teams (31–25–6). The semi-final opened up at the Windsor Arena with a 7–1 win for the Spitfires. They were at the Detroit Olympia for game two, another romp for Windsor as they won 8–0. Back in Windsor, the Spitfires won game three 9–2. At the Olympia for game four, the Red Wings attempted to stage some resistance, but the Spitfires were too much, winning 7–5. The four-game sweep of the Red Wings allowed Windsor to rest up for the winner of the Chatham Maroons and Welland Sabres, a series just starting. On March 16, 1974, the Spitfires engaged long time foe Chatham Maroons at the Windsor Arena in the first game of the SOJHL Final. The Maroons fell in that first game 6–1, but rebounded the next night in Chatham with a 5–2 victory of their own. On March 18, goalie Dennis Thorpe's 40 save performance and third period game winner by Gary Armstrong gave the Spitfires a 2–1 home victory and a lead in the series. The Spitfires took game four in Chatham with a 6–4 win. The next night, March 21, the Spitfires defeated the Maroons in Windsor 4–3 to clinch the SOJHL playoff championship. Gary Armstrong would score yet another winning goal in the series. Before a crowd of 5,117 fans, team captain Hugh Mitchell hoisted the Jack Oakes Memorial Trophy to celebrate their playoff victory. The Spitfires were now in the hunt for the 1974 Centennial Cup, the National Championship of Tier II Junior A hockey. The first team in their way, in the Dudley Hewitt Cup Eastern Canada playdowns was the Wexford Raiders of the Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League. Also on the line was the Ontario Hockey Association Junior A championship, the Buckland Cup. The Spitfires took game one in Rexdale with a 4–2 victory. Back in Windsor the next night, the Spitfires seemed to have the series in control with a 5–2 win. The Raiders had other things in mind, winning at home in game three 6–2 and then taking it to Windsor in their own arena 4–1 to tie the series. Back in Rexdale, the Raiders crushed the Spitfires with an 8–2 victory. With their back against the wall, the Spits had to win at home to force game seven. A 7–5 victory for the Spitfires turned this into a series for the ages. On April 6, 1974, the Spitfires season came to an end, as the Wexford Raiders took a 6–3 victory at home to advance to the next round of national playdowns. Scott Miller would be named the team's most valuable player.

The Windsor Spitfires applied for expansion to the OMJHL (later known as the OHL) during their 1974 playoff run, but were rejected due to the "unacceptability of Windsor Arena as a major A facility." Their farm team, the Windsor Royals Junior B team of the Great Lakes Junior Hockey League put in a rival bid but were also rejected due to lack of an acceptable arena.

In 1974–75, Jim Butcher coached the Spits to a second straight regular season title with a record of 40 wins, 15 losses, and 5 ties, 11 points ahead of the second place Welland Sabres (30–16–14). John Tavella won the league scoring title with 54 goals and 117 points and goaltender Floyd St. Cyr led the league with the fewest goals against. The Spitfires' first opponent in the playoff semi-final was the last place Detroit Jr. Red Wings (15–38–9). At home, the Spits took game one 11–2. Back at the Detroit Olympia, the Spits won 8–2. Again in Windsor, the Spits took game three 10–1. The Spits had the chance to clinch in game four, but the Red Wings refused to let their season end in front of their Detroit faithful winning 5–3. Game five, in Windsor, Ian Campbell would score a late third period tally to break a 2–2 deadlock and send the Spitfires to the league finals. The fourth place Guelph Bilmores (23–31–6) stood in the way of the Spitfires. The Biltmores had upset the second place Welland Sabres in the league quarter-final in five games and the third place Chatham Maroons 8-points-to-6 (3 wins, 2 losses, 2 ties) and were looking to shock the Spitfires too. The Biltmores had caused trouble for the Spitfires all season as their head-to-head record was 5 wins each and 2 ties in 12 matches. After a week layoff, the Spitfires were up against a hot opponent and were missing scoring champion John Tavella to a three-games suspension for butt-ending against Detroit. The Spits dropped the first game, at home, 6–5 after giving up a late 2-on-1 odd-man rush late in the third period. The next night, in Guelph, the Spitfires led 6–1 in the first and 8–4 in the second to blow the lead in the third and finish with a 9–9 overtime tie. The Spitfires tied up the series in game three with a 4–2 win in Windsor. In Guelph for game four, the Spitfires blew a first period 3–0 lead to lose 6–4. Game five saw the Spitfires tie the series at five points a piece with an 8–4 win at home. Guelph again gained the advantage in game six with a 6–4 win at home. In a last gasp for air, the Spitfires fought to win a 6–4 decision in Windsor to tie the series at 7 points each and force a final eighth game - winner take all. The eighth game proved to be the Spitfires' last game of Tier II Junior A, as they traveled to Guelph and blew a 3–0 lead to lose the game (6–5) and the series (9-points-to-7) to end their four-year trek in the Southern Ontario Junior A Hockey League.

The Spitfires were granted entry into the OMJHL (later known as the OHL) as an expansion franchise for the 1975–76 OMJHL season in February 1975. The league's board of governors unanimously accepted the Spitfires despite their arena's surface being smaller than Major Junior A standards. The Spitfires' had pumped $200,000 into the arena over the past two years, so the league overlooked the surface size despite taking issue with it in their 1974 rejection of the Spitfires' expansion bid.

Major Junior
On September 25, 1975, Major Junior hockey returned to the Windsor Arena for the first time in twenty-two years. In front of 4,335 fans, the Windsor Spitfires hosted the Oshawa Generals. The game would be an eye-opener for the Spitfires, as they were defeated 10–1 by the Generals. Wayne Mills started in net for the Spits, but would be later relieved by back-up Bob Parent when the Generals made it 7–0 at 11:29 of the second period. The two goaltenders combined for 30 saves, as the Spits were outshot 40–23. Rolly Hedges scored the first Major Junior goal in team history at 18:48 of the second period.

On October 2, 1975, the Spitfires would tally their first ever Major Junior win. At home, the Spits were hosting the Sudbury Wolves. Despite being outshot 60–34, the Spitfires overcame a six-goal deficit to defeat the Wolves 11–10. After trailing 7–1 only 2:49 into the second period, the Spitfires were able to chip the lead down to 9–7 by the second intermission. Charlie Skjodt scored to make it 9–9 to complete the comeback, just to have the Wolves score with 6:33 to go in the game to make it 10–9. Charles Bosnyak, a member of the 1974–75 Tier II Spitfires, scored 32 seconds later to make it 10–10 and captain Mark Perras scored with 43 seconds remaining to win the Spits' first ever Major Junior game. Bob Parent would make 50 saves to cap off the historic victory.

The "Spits" as they are commonly known, won their first Emms division title in 1980 and reached the OHL finals, but lost to the Peterborough Petes. Ernie Godden set an all-time OHL record in 1980–81 scoring 87 goals. In 1984 Peter Karmanos, the founder and CEO of Compuware, bought the team and renamed them the Windsor Compuware Spitfires.

In the 1987–88 season, the culmination of a well-executed four-year plan saw the Compuware Spitfires win 35 of their last 36 games, become the first team to go undefeated in the OHL playoffs, and sweep the Peterborough Petes in the OHL Championship finals to win the J. Ross Robertson Cup. During the season, the Compuware Spitfires were dominant, with a record of 54-0 when leading after two periods. Having earned the right to represent the OHL in the 1988 Memorial Cup hosted in Chicoutimi, Quebec, the Compuware Spitfires advanced to the Championship game, where their string of success ended, losing to the Medicine Hat Tigers.

Karmanos sold the team to local construction magnate Steve Riolo after the 1988–89 season, and the team reverted the Windsor Spitfires name and adopted their modern logo.

Conflict, renewal, tragedy
On October 18, 2005, Head Coach Moe Mantha was handed a 40-game suspension and later terminated without pay, for a hazing incident that occurred aboard a bus after a pre-season game versus the London Knights. An altercation involving players Steve Downie and Akim Aliu, in which Aliu lost four teeth, led to public exposure of the compulsive hazing within the Spitfires organization. Downie was traded to the Peterborough Petes, and Aliu was traded to the Sudbury Wolves.

On April 6, 2006, the Ontario Hockey League Board of Governors announced the approval of a new ownership group for the Windsor Spitfires, composed of Bob Boughner, Warren Rychel and Peter Dobrich. All three men had history in Windsor with OHL hockey, and the group had expressed hope to move the team into a new arena. Boughner assumed the roles of President, CEO and head coach of the Spitfires, Rychel was named director of player development, and Dobrich the new business manager.

On February 18, 2008, team captain and Calgary Flames prospect Mickey Renaud died of an undetected heart condition in his Tecumseh, Ontario, home. General Manager Warren Rychel referred to Renaud's death as "the biggest tragedy in Spitfire history". His number was retired by both the Spitfires and the Tecumseh Chiefs Junior B franchise that he played on before graduating to Major Junior. Mayor Eddie Francis named a road leading to the WFCU Centre in Renaud's honour, Mickey Renaud Way. At the 2009 OHL All-Star Game at the WFCU Centre in Windsor, OHL Commissioner David Branch announced that the Mickey Renaud Captain's Trophy would be awarded to the "team captain that best exemplifies leadership on and off the ice as well as hard work, passion and dedication to the game of hockey and their community" in honour of Renaud.

2008–09 season
The Windsor Spitfires finished the 2008–09 season with 57 wins, 10 losses, and 1 shootout loss. This marked their best season in franchise history. With the first overall record in the Ontario Hockey League the Spitfires were awarded the Hamilton Spectator Trophy. The Spitfires also played their final games in the Windsor Arena. The Spits were undefeated at home in the Old Barn during the 2008–09 season. Mid-season they moved to the WFCU Centre. The Spitfires and their new arena played host to the 2009 All-Star Game. On May 12, Goalie Andrew Engelage broke the OHL record for most wins by a goaltender in a single season with 46 with a 5–1 win over the Plymouth Whalers.

In the first round of the playoffs, the Spitfires walked all over the Owen Sound Attack, taking the series in four games. In the next round, the Spits found the Plymouth Whalers to be a more formidable opponent. After trading off-road wins, then trading off home wins, the Spits took Games 5 and 6 to clinch the series. In the Western Conference final, the Spits played their nemesis the London Knights. Led by John Tavares, the Knights were a tough opponent. Every game in the series went to overtime, but the Spitfires were victorious and won the series 4-games-to-1 to earn a berth to the OHL Final and take the Wayne Gretzky Trophy as Conference champions. The OHL Final began with a 10–1 victory for the Spitfires over the Eastern Conference's Brampton Battalion led by stars Cody Hodgson and Matt Duchene. The series became much tighter from there as the Spits took Game 2 5–3. The Battalion fought back in Game 3, winning 4–2. Game 4 belonged to the Spitfires as they took a 4–1 win and a 3–1 series lead. Game 5 was a tight affair, as the Spitfires took a 1–0 lead midway through the second period on the power play. Brampton tied the game up late in the third period to force overtime. At 2:09 of the first overtime period, Taylor Hall scored on the power play to win the Spitfires their second J. Ross Robertson Cup as league champions and a berth into the 2009 Memorial Cup. The victory was the Spitfires' first league title since the 1987–88 OHL season and marked their second time playing for the Memorial Cup. On May 9, Mayor of Windsor Eddie Francis awarded the team with the Key to the City in honour of their achievement.

At the 2009 Memorial Cup, the Spitfires dropped their first two games in Rimouski 3–2 in overtime to the Drummondville Voltigeurs and 5–4 to the Rimouski Océanic. In a do-or-die game, the Spitfires won the final game of the round robin 2–1 over the Kelowna Rockets to gain entry to the tie-breaker game. In the tie-breaker, Windsor defeated the hometown Océanic 6-4 powered by a third period natural hat-trick by Dale Mitchell. The tournament semi-final was between the Spitfires and the Voltigeurs. The Spitfires blew an early 2–0 lead, but won 3–2 in overtime from a goal by Adam Henrique to become the second team ever to play in the Memorial Cup final after playing in the tie-breaker game. In the final, the Spitfires again played the Rockets. The Spitfires scored on their first three shots and cruised to a 4–1 win to take their first ever Memorial Cup championship. Their victory marked the first time a team started with two losses in the Memorial Cup round robin and came back to win the championship. The feat also marks the first time that a team has survived the Memorial Cup tie-breaker game to win the championship. The Stafford Smythe Memorial Trophy was awarded to Taylor Hall as Memorial Cup playoffs most valuable player. Both Ryan Ellis and Hall were elected to the tournament's All-Star Team. Throughout the Memorial Cup tournament, the Spitfires hung Mickey Renaud's jersey on their bench and the championship was won in Renaud's memory.

In the aftermath of the championship, the team was met at the Windsor Airport by a large contingent of local fans and was addressed by Mayor Eddie Francis. It was announced that the road to the new WFCU Centre would be renamed Memorial Cup Drive in honour of the victory.

2009–10 season
The Spitfires came back in 2009–10 with a second straight 50-plus win season, finishing with a record of 50 wins, 12 losses, 1 overtime loss, and 5 shootout losses. Their record was good enough to earn the top seed in the Western Conference, but not good enough to clinch their second straight Hamilton Spectator Trophy, won by the Barrie Colts (57-9-0-2). For being the top team in their division, the Spitfires were awarded their second straight Bumbacco Trophy. Taylor Hall tied Tyler Seguin of the Plymouth Whalers for the league's scoring lead, and both were awarded the Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy as scoring co-champions. The Spitfires also played host to the CHL Top Prospects Game.

The Spitfires sent six players to the 2010 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. Defenceman Ryan Ellis and forwards Taylor Hall, Adam Henrique, and Greg Nemisz played for silver medalist Canada, defenceman Cam Fowler played for gold medalist United States, and forward Richard Panik played for Slovakia. At the end of the tournament, the Spitfires acquired defenceman Marc Cantin, forward Stephen Johnston and German goaltender Philipp Grubauer from the Belleville Bulls in exchange for forwards Panik and Austen Brassard, defenceman Paul Bezzo, goaltender Steve Gleeson and a seventh-round pick in the 2012 OHL Priority Selection.

In the first round of the OHL playoffs, the Spitfires swept the Erie Otters in four games. They then swept the Plymouth Whalers in four games to win their Conference Semi-Final. In the other semi-final, the Kitchener Rangers upset the favoured London Knights in seven games. In the Conference Finals against Kitchener, Windsor initially struggled, losing the first three games of the series. However, the Spitfires went on to become the third team in Ontario Hockey League history to come back from a three-game deficit to win a playoff series, beating Rangers in each of the next four games to win the conference championship and the Wayne Gretzky Trophy. Notably, the Spitfires had recovered from a 3–0 deficit to win a playoff series once before, in a 2004–05 Conference Quarterfinal series against the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds. In the league final, the Spitfires made quick work of a highly touted Barrie Colts squad, sweeping them in four games to win their second straight J. Ross Robertson Cup. Adam Henrique won the Wayne Gretzky 99 Award as the playoffs' most valuable player.

In May, the Spitfires traveled to Brandon, Manitoba, for the 2010 Memorial Cup. The Spitfires trampled the host Brandon Wheat Kings 9–3 in their first game of the tournament and, in their second game, scored a convincing 6–2 win over the Western Hockey League champion Calgary Hitmen. With their victory over the Hitmen, the Spitfires clinched a berth in the Memorial Cup final. They did not need to defeat the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League's Moncton Wildcats in their third and final round-robin game, but did so anyway, winning 4–3 in overtime. The tournament final saw the Spitfires play the host Wheat Kings for a second time. The Spitfires posted a convincing win once again, defeating the Wheat Kings 9–1 to clinch their second straight Memorial Cup. Their victory marked their twelfth straight win since going down 0–3 to Kitchener in the OHL's Western Conference Final, and they finished the playoffs with 20 wins against just 3 losses. Taylor Hall won his second straight Stafford Smythe Memorial Trophy as Memorial Cup most valuable player, making him the first repeat winner in the trophy's history.

2010–11 season
After two straight Memorial Cups, the Summer of 2010 saw leading scorer Taylor Hall go first overall in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft to the Edmonton Oilers and Coach Bob Boughner accepted an assistant coaching job with the National Hockey League's Columbus Blue Jackets. The Spitfires have engaged in a massive overhaul involving many trades.

During the exhibition season, the Spitfires hosted the Czech Under-20 National Team. The Spitfires came back to win the game 5–4. Spitfires finished the exhibition schedule with 4 wins 1 loss and 1 tie.

After another successful season the Spits finished 4th in the Western Conference to advance to the playoffs. The Spitfires reached the Conference Final for the third consecutive year. Following two hard fought battles the Spits were eliminated from the playoffs for the first time in three years by the Owen Sound Attack. The Attack went on to win the OHL Championship.

2011–12 season
After one season with the Columbus Blue Jackets as assistant coach, Bob Boughner returned to the Spitfires as head coach, with Bob Jones remaining on the staff as his assistant.

On August 10, 2012, the Spitfires were fined an unprecedented $400,000 CAD by the Ontario Hockey League and forfeited five first round OHL Priority Draft picks in 2013, 2014, and 2016 and second round picks in 2015 and 2017 for unspecified recruitment violations. The Spitfires claimed innocence to the recruitment violations and plan to appeal the decision.

2013–14 season
On December 29, 2013, the Spitfires and the Saginaw Spirit played the first ever outdoor game in Ontario Hockey League history. The game was played at Comerica Park in Detroit, Michigan. The Spitfires won the game 6–5 in front of a short-lived Canadian Hockey League record of 25,749 spectators, surpassed later that night by the London Knights and Plymouth Whalers at the same venue.

2014–15 season
On June 28, 2015, Spitfires owner and head coach Bob Boughner accepted another assistant coaching job with the NHL's San Jose Sharks. A couple of days later, former Oilers assistant coach Rocky Thompson was hired as the Spitfires new head coach, with Trevor Letowski accepting the assistant coaching job after former assistant coach Bob Jones was hired by the Oshawa Generals as head coach. Boughner's new job seemed to be very successful, as he and former Spitfire Peter DeBoer lead the team to the 2016 Stanley Cup Finals, losing to the Pittsburgh Penguins.

2016–17 season

Windsor was selected as the host city for the 99th Memorial Cup championship, who won the right to host the tournament over undisclosed competition. In defeating the Seattle Thunderbirds by 7–1 in a round-robin game on May 21, 2017, the Windsor Spitfires tied a Memorial Cup record for the fastest 3 goals scored by a team in a single period (38 game seconds), matching the record set by the WHL's New Westminster Bruins in the 1978 tournament. The tournament ended with the Windsor Spitfires winning their third Memorial Cup, defeating the Erie Otters 4–3 in the championship final.

On December 4, 2016, the Saginaw Spirit hosted the Spitfires in front of a crowd of over 3,100 people in the closing of Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan. The Spitfires got the best of the Spirit in a 3–2 overtime win, with a hat trick performance by defenceman Sean Day.

Championships
The Windsor Compuware Spitfires won the Hamilton Spectator Trophy, the J. Ross Robertson Cup, and were the top-ranked junior team in Canada during the 1987–88 season.

Memorial Cup
 * 1988 Finalist vs. Medicine Hat Tigers
 * 2009 Champion vs. Kelowna Rockets
 * 2010 Champion vs. Brandon Wheat Kings
 * 2017 Champion vs. Erie Otters

J. Ross Robertson Cup
 * 1980 Finalist vs. Peterborough Petes
 * 1988 Champion vs. Peterborough Petes
 * 2009 Champion vs. Brampton Battalion
 * 2010 Champion vs. Barrie Colts
 * 2022 Finalist vs. Hamilton Bulldogs

Emms Division Playoff Champions
 * 1979 2nd place in Round Robin
 * 1980 Champion vs. Brantford Alexanders
 * 1986 Finalist vs. Guelph Platers
 * 1987 Finalist vs. North Bay Centennials
 * 1988 Champion vs. Hamilton Steelhawks

Wayne Gretzky Trophy West Conference Champions
 * 2002 Finalist vs. Erie Otters
 * 2009 Champion vs. London Knights
 * 2010 Champion vs. Kitchener Rangers
 * 2011 Finalist vs. Owen Sound Attack
 * 2022 Champion vs. Flint Firebirds

Hamilton Spectator Trophy
 * 1987–88 102 points
 * 2008–09 115 points

Emms Trophy Emms Division Champions
 * 1979-80 73 points
 * 1987-88 102 points

Bumbacco Trophy West Division Champions
 * 2008–09 115 points
 * 2009-10 106 points
 * 2021-22 95 points
 * 2022-23 94 points

SOJAHL Regular Season Champions
 * 1973-74 86 points
 * 1974-75 85 points

SOJAHL Jack Oakes Trophy
 * 1974 Champion vs. Chatham Maroons
 * 1975 Finalist vs. Guelph CMC's

OHA Jr. A Frank L. Buckland Trophy
 * 1974 Finalist vs. Wexford Raiders

Coaches

 * 1971–72 – Jerry Serviss and George Aitken
 * 1972–73 – Jerry Serviss
 * 1973–74 – Wayne Maxner
 * 1974–75 – Dick Duff and Jim Butcher
 * 1975–76 – Doug Johnston and Wayne Maxner
 * 1976–1980 – Wayne Maxner
 * 1980–81 – Ron Harris and Ron Carroll
 * 1981–82 – Marcel Pronovost
 * 1982–83 – Marcel Pronovost, Doug Imrie, John Becanic
 * 1983–84 – Bob Boucher, Terry McConnell, Wayne Maxner
 * 1984–85 – Mark Craig
 * 1985–86 – Tom Webster
 * 1986–87 – Tom Webster, Jim Rutherford, Tony McDonald
 * 1987–1989 – Tom Webster
 * 1989–91 – Brad Smith
 * 1991–92 – Brad Smith, Wayne Maxner, Dave Prpich
 * 1992–93 – Wayne Maxner, Kevin McIntosh
 * 1993–94 – Shane Parker
 * 1994–95 – Mike Kelly
 * 1995–96 – Mike Kelly and Paul Gillis
 * 1996–97 – Paul Gillis
 * 1997–98 – Vern Stenlund, Dave Prpich, Tony Curtale
 * 1998–99 – Tony Curtale and Dave Prpich
 * 1999–2002 – Tom Webster
 * 2002–03 – Tom Webster and Mike Kelly
 * 2003–04 – Steve Smith and Mike Kelly
 * 2004–05 – Mike Kelly
 * 2005–06 – Moe Mantha Jr., Bill Bowler, and D.J. Smith (interim co-coaches)
 * 2006–2010 – Bob Boughner
 * 2010–11 – Bob Jones
 * 2011–2015 – Bob Boughner
 * 2015–2017 – Rocky Thompson
 * 2017–2021 – Trevor Letowski
 * 2021–2023 – Marc Savard
 * July 24, 2023 – November 20, 2023 – Jerrod Smith
 * November 20, 2023–present – Casey Torres (interim)

Players
Over 100 alumni of the OHA and OHL Junior A Spitfires have graduated to play in the National Hockey League. Four of those alumni have been inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame: Glenn Hall, Marcel Pronovost, Terry Sawchuk, and Al Arbour as coach.

Retired numbers
 * # 4 – Taylor Hall
 * # 6 – Ryan Ellis
 * # 9 – Adam Graves, Bill Bowler
 * # 15 – Ernie Godden
 * # 14 - Steve Ott, Adam Henrique, Ed Jovanovski
 * # 18 – Mickey Renaud
 * # 23 – Scott Miller

Honoured numbers
 * # 4 – Marcel Pronovost
 * # 6 – Joel Quenneville
 * # 11 – Gordon Haidy

Source:

NHL alumni

 * SOJHL Spitfires (1971–1975)

 * Frank Bathe
 * Frank Beaton
 * Ted Bulley
 * Rick Heinz
 * Ken Mann
 * Eddie Mio

 * Modern Spitfires (1975–present)

 * Russ Adam
 * Egor Afanasyev
 * Jamie Allison
 * Josh Bailey
 * Peter Bakovic
 * Blair Barnes
 * John Barrett
 * Bruce Bell
 * Bryan Bickell
 * Jesse Blacker
 * Mark Botell
 * Bill Bowler
 * Kip Brennan
 * Logan Brown
 * Jack Campbell
 * Jalen Chatfield
 * Jason Cirone
 * Matt Cooke
 * Mark Cundari
 * Will Cuylle
 * Patrick Davis
 * Michael DiPietro
 * Peter DeBoer
 * Steve Downie
 * Richie Dunn
 * Mike Dwyer
 * Murray Eaves
 * Matt Elich
 * Ryan Ellis
 * Glen Featherstone
 * Fedor Fedorov
 * Christian Fischer
 * Jean-Luc Foudy
 * Cam Fowler
 * Ron Friest
 * Paul Gagne
 * Mario Giallonardo
 * Todd Gill
 * Tim Gleason
 * Ernie Godden
 * David Goverde
 * Josh Gratton
 * Adam Graves
 * Philipp Grubauer
 * David Haas
 * Matt Hackett
 * Taylor Hall
 * Mark Hamway
 * Dave Hannan
 * Shawn Heins
 * Timo Helbling
 * Adam Henrique
 * Jim Hofford
 * Josh Ho-Sang
 * Peter Ing
 * Pat Jablonski
 * Cam Janssen
 * Wes Jarvis
 * Wyatt Johnston
 * Michal Jordan
 * Ed Jovanovski
 * Claude Julien
 * Zack Kassian
 * Tim Kerr
 * Alexander Khokhlachev
 * Bill Kitchen
 * Slater Koekkoek
 * Chris Kotsopoulos
 * Tom Kuhnhackl
 * Mark LaVarre
 * Paul Lawless
 * Michael Leighton
 * Brendan Lemieux
 * Claude Loiselle
 * Andrei Loktionov
 * Lane MacDermid
 * Paul MacDermid
 * Shawn MacKenzie
 * Dan Mandich
 * Darwin McCutcheon
 * Roland Melanson
 * Scott Metcalfe
 * Craig Muni
 * Trevor Murphy
 * Greg Nemisz
 * Michal Neuvirth
 * Jordan Nolan
 * Cal O'Reilly
 * Steve Ott
 * Richard Panik
 * Bob Parent
 * Steve Peters
 * Mark Plantery
 * Joel Quenneville
 * Mark Renaud
 * Gerry Rioux
 * Dave Roche
 * Mike Rupp
 * Kerby Rychel
 * Peter Sarno
 * Travis Scott
 * Mikhail Sergachev
 * Darrin Shannon
 * Darryl Shannon
 * Rob Shearer
 * Justin Shugg
 * Patrick Sieloff
 * Jason Simon
 * Brad Smith
 * D. J. Smith
 * Jason Spezza
 * Cory Stillman
 * Jamie Storr
 * Scott Timmins
 * Gabriel Vilardi
 * Jason Ward
 * Todd Warriner
 * Austin Watson
 * Steve Webb
 * Mike Weber
 * Eric Wellwood
 * Kyle Wellwood
 * Behn Wilson
 * Garrett Wilson
 * Shane Wright
 * Jason York
 * Jeff Zehr

Regular season

 * (1975–84, 1989–present) Windsor Spitfires
 * (1984–89) Windsor Compuware Spitfires

Legend: OTL = Overtime loss, SL = Shootout loss

Playoffs
Lost to Guelph CMC's 4 games to 0 in semi-final. Defeated Chatham Maroons 4 games to 1 in final. SOJHL CHAMPIONS Lost to Wexford Raiders 4 games to 3 in Eastern Centennial Cup quarter-final. Lost to Guelph CMC's 4 games to 3 with 1 tie in final. Lost to St. Catharines Fincups 4 games to 2 in quarter-finals. Eliminated in semi-final round-robin vs. Niagara Falls Flyers and London Knights. Defeated Brantford Alexanders 4 games to 3 in semi-finals. Lost to Peterborough Petes 4 games to 0 in finals. Lost to Kitchener Rangers 9 points to 1 in division finals. Lost to Kitchener Rangers 8 points to 0 in quarter-finals. Finished quarter-final round robin vs Guelph Platers and North Bay Centennials in second place (4 points). Lost to Guelph Platers 8 points to 4 in semi-finals. Defeated Hamilton Steelhawks 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals. Lost to North Bay Centennials 4 games to 2 in semi-finals. Earned bye through quarter-finals. 1st place in Emms division. Defeated Hamilton Steelhawks 4 games to 0 in semi-finals. Defeated Peterborough Petes 4 games to 0 in finals. OHL CHAMPIONS Finished Memorial Cup round-robin in first place, earned berth in finals. Lost to Medicine Hat Tigers 7–6 in championship game. Lost to Niagara Falls Thunder 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals. Lost to Sudbury Wolves 4 games to 2 in quarter-finals. Lost to Plymouth Whalers 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals. Lost to Plymouth Whalers 4 games to 1 in conference semi-finals. Lost to Plymouth Whalers 4 games to 0 in conference semi-finals. Defeated Guelph Storm 4 games to 1 in conference semi-finals. Lost to Erie Otters 4 games to 1 in conference finals. Lost to London Knights 4 games to 0 in conference semi-finals. Defeated Plymouth Whalers 4 games to 2 in conference semi-finals. Defeated London Knights 4 games to 1 in conference finals. Defeated Brampton Battalion 4 games to 1 in finals. OHL CHAMPIONS Finished Memorial Cup round-robin in fourth place Defeated Rimouski Océanic 6–4 in tiebreaker. Defeated Drummondville Voltigeurs 3–2 (OT) in semifinal. Defeated the Kelowna Rockets 4–1 in the Memorial Cup final. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS Defeated Plymouth Whalers 4 games to 0 in conference semi-finals. Defeated Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 3 in conference finals. Defeated Barrie Colts 4 games to 0 in finals. OHL CHAMPIONS Finished Memorial Cup round-robin in first place. Defeated Brandon Wheat Kings 9–1 in the Memorial Cup final. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS Defeated Saginaw Spirit 4 games to 2 in conference semi-finals. Lost to Owen Sound Attack 4 games to 1 in conference finals. Gain entrance to 2017 Memorial Cup as host team. Finished Memorial Cup round-robin in first place. Defeated Erie Otters 4–3 in Memorial Cup final. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS Defeated Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 1 in conference semi-finals. Defeated Flint Firebirds 4 games to 3 in conference finals. Lost to Hamilton Bulldogs 4 games to 3 in finals.
 * 1971–72 Lost to Chatham Maroons 4 games to 1 in quarter-final.
 * 1972–73 Defeated Niagara Falls Flyers 4 games to 3 in quarter-final.
 * 1973–74 Defeated Detroit Jr. Red Wings 4 games to 0 in semi-final.
 * 1974–75 Defeated Detroit Jr. Red Wings 4 games to 1 in semi-final.
 * 1975–76 Out of playoffs.
 * 1976–77 Defeated Kitchener Rangers 3 games to 0 in first round.
 * 1977–78 Lost to Hamilton Fincups 9 points to 3 in quarter-finals.
 * 1978–79 Lost to London Knights in a 9 games series in quarter-finals. Series protested and both teams moved on.
 * 1979–80 Defeated Niagara Falls Flyers 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals.
 * 1980–81 Defeated Brantford Alexanders 8 points to 4 in division semi-finals.
 * 1981–82 Defeated Niagara Falls Flyers 6 points to 4 in first round.
 * 1982–83 Lost to North Bay Centennials 6 points to 0 in first round.
 * 1983–84 Lost to S.S. Marie Greyhounds 6 points to 0 in first round.
 * 1984–85 Lost to London Knights 8 points to 0 in first round.
 * 1985–86 Defeated Kitchener Rangers 8 points to 2 in first round.
 * 1986–87 Defeated S.S. Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 0 in first round.
 * 1987–88 Defeated Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 0 in first round.
 * 1988–89 Lost to Niagara Falls Thunder 4 games to 0 in first round.
 * 1989–90 Out of playoffs.
 * 1990–91 Defeated London Knights 4 games to 3 in first round.
 * 1991–92 Lost to Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 3 in first round.
 * 1992–93 Out of playoffs.
 * 1993–94 Lost to S.S. Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 0 in division quarter-finals.
 * 1994–95 Defeated Sarnia Sting 4 games to 0 in division quarter-finals.
 * 1995–96 Lost to Detroit Whalers 4 games to 3 in division quarter-finals.
 * 1996–97 Lost to Sarnia Sting 4 games to 1 in division quarter-finals.
 * 1997–98 Out of playoffs.
 * 1998–99 Defeated Kitchener Rangers 2–1 in 8th place tiebreaker.
 * 1999–2000 Defeated Sarnia Sting 4 games to 3 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2000–01 Defeated Owen Sound Attack 4 games to 1 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2001–02 Defeated S.S. Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 2 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2002–03 Lost to London Knights 4 games to 3 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2003–04 Lost to London Knights 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2004–05 Defeated S.S. Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 3 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2005–06 Lost to Plymouth Whalers 4 games to 3 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2006–07 Out of playoffs.
 * 2007–08 Lost to Sarnia Sting 4 games to 1 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2008–09 Defeated Owen Sound Attack 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2009–10 Defeated Erie Otters 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2010–11 Defeated Erie Otters 4 games to 3 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2011–12 Lost to London Knights 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2012–13 Out of playoffs.
 * 2013–14 Lost to London Knights 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2014–15 Out of playoffs.
 * 2015–16 Lost to Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 1 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2016–17 Lost to London Knights 4 games to 3 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2017–18 Lost to Sarnia Sting 4 games to 2 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2018–19 Lost to London Knights 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2019–20 Cancelled.
 * 2020–21 Cancelled.
 * 2021–22 Defeated Sarnia Sting 4 games to 2 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2022–23 Lost to Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 0 in conference quarter-finals.
 * 2023–24 Out of playoffs.

Uniforms and logos
The new logo features an aggressive, stylized World War II Spitfire fighter plane set against clouds on a red, white and blue shield with the word "Spitfires" emblazoned prominently in the forefront. The logo preserves the team's primary colours of red and blue, but uses richer, more vibrant hues and adds silver and yellow as secondary colours.

The Spitfires worked with the Ontario Hockey League and Reebok - official supplier of uniforms to the OHL - in finalizing the new uniform. The new jerseys sport shoulder patches featuring the vintage Spitfire plane encircled by a gold laurel wreath and containing the number 18 to commemorate former Spitfires captain Mickey Renaud. Both the primary logo and shoulder patch designs were collaborations by Marcello Fontana and Shane Potvin, both senior art directors at Hargreaves Stewart.

The Windsor Spitfires use white jerseys on the road until Christmas and at home in the new year and the red jerseys at home until Christmas and on the road in the new year. The Spitfires briefly used a third jersey featuring a white, red and green colour scheme and an alternate logo featuring an airplane flying in front of the Ambassador Bridge. When the team was also known as the Compuware Spitfires the team's colours were brown and orange, with a logo featuring a Spitfire airplane. The original Spitfires logo featured a maple leaf.

Arena
The Spitfires play their home games at the WFCU Centre, an arena located on the east end of Windsor. The WFCU Centre played host to its first Spitfires game on December 11, 2008, against the Belleville Bulls. The Spitfires lost the game 4–0, which also broke a string of 12 home wins the Spitfires had amassed so far that season.

The Spitfires previously played at Windsor Arena, built in 1924 in downtown Windsor, Ontario. The arena was originally known as the "Border Cities Arena" and was once home to the Detroit Red Wings of the NHL prior to 1927. The Windsor Arena, nicknamed "The Barn," was the oldest operating facility in the Canadian Hockey League. It hosted the OHL All-Star game in 1978, and the Memorial Cup in 1981. On December 4, 2008, the Windsor Spitfires played their last game at "The Barn" against the Guelph Storm, winning 2–1.

Broadcasters
CKLW is the current flagship radio station of the Spitfires. It had been a longtime broadcaster of the Spitfires, but dropped the team in the 2002–03 season. After two seasons without a radio broadcaster at all, CKUE-FM picked up the Spitfires for the 2004-2005 and 2005–2006 seasons, before the team returned to CKLW beginning in the 2006–07 season. Games on CKLW are commentated by Mike Miller and Frank Dayus IV.

On television, Spitfires games are broadcast by YourTV Windsor, a community channel carried on Cogeco's cable system in Windsor. Domenic Papa previously hosted and provided colour commentary for Spitfires games, alongside Bill Kelso on play-by-play and Brian Trenholm with analysis. However, in August 2012, TVCogeco announced that the long-time crew would be replaced for the 2012–13 season. The move to fire the Spitfires' long-time broadcast team was met with backlash and protests from Spitfires fans and other members of Windsor's sports community. The current team consists of host Angelo Aversa, CKSY-FM morning show and former London Knights studio host Chris McLeod on play-by-play, and former Spitfires player Todd Warriner on colour.

title: Windsor Spitfires


text:
Christafari

Christafari is a Christian reggae band formed in 1989. It is centered on Christ Jesus and follows the personality of ordained minister Mark Mohr (born October 23, 1971), an American, and born-again Christian. Until the age of 17, Mohr was a Rastafarian.

Background
As a rebellious drug addicted youth, Mohr found an affinity for reggae music and became a marijuana grower and Rastafarian after a visit to Jamaica in 1986. He became well-versed in reggae music and learned Jamaican patois, the dialect prevalent in most reggae music. In 1989 the seventeen-year-old Mohr stopped using marijuana and committed his life to Jesus at JH Ranch, a Christian camp. Two weeks later at another Christian youth camp, Mohr wrote and performed his first gospel reggae song "Give Me Everything I Need" at a talent show. The bass-player that day said; "So you're no longer a Rastafarian, you're a Christafarian." The name stuck. Initially called the "Christafarians" Mark was backed by the "Steadfast" crew for his first few shows (September and October 1989). Eventually Mohr shortened the name to "Christafari", (pronounced Christ-a-far-eye) and pieced together his own band members.

In 1993 Mohr enrolled in Biola University and received his ordination in 1997.

Christafari's first album, Reggae Worship, reached the Billboard charts and created a buzz in the industry, garnering the attention of DC Talk's tobyMac, who signed the group to Gotee Records. Their second album, Soulfire, became an early success for the fledgling label. Their third album, Valley of Decision, also for Gotee, spent 32 weeks on Billboard's top 15 chart and also placed among the top 10 of the magazine's "Top Reggae Albums" chart.

WordSound&Power marked Christafari's departure from Gotee and the birth of Mohr's Lion of Zion Entertainment record label. The album was nominated in four categories in the 2000 Caribbean Gospel Music Marlin Awards. Christafari then released DubSound&Power, the band's first dub album and arguably the first Christian dub album ever recorded. After this the group released Palabra Sonido Y Poder (Word Sound & Power), the group's Spanish debut that featured the single "El Amor De Mi Vida" (No. 1 in 11 Latin American Countries). After this Christafari released Gravity (2003), Gravitational Dub (2004) and their first children's album Reggae Sunday School (2005). 2007 Marked the release of Christafari's To the Foundation. Christafari toured 180 shows in 20 countries in promotion of To the Foundation.

In early 2009 the group headed back into the studio to record their 20th anniversary album "No Compromise" with subsequent tours in Europe, Latin America and the USA. In late 2009 the band went back into their studio the "Zionic Sounds Dub Lab" to record their second Spanish album, Reggae De Redencion. This project was released in mid-2010. In late 2011 they released two dub albums; Majestic Heights in Dub and Dub Shots. They also released Gospel Reggae Praise, a compilation project.

In 2012, Christafari released Reggae Worship: A Roots Revival, their first worship album in almost 20 years. This breakthrough album once again catapulted them onto the Billboard Charts. The CD debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard Reggae Chart, No. 10 on Billboard's Christian Albums Chart and No. 39 on the Independent Albums Chart. Nearly nine months after this album was released, Christafari jumped to No. 1 on the Billboard Reggae Albums Chart. This marks the first time in Billboard history that a Christian artist has secured the top spot. The band was also featured on ABC Family's The 700 Club, and TBN filmed a live concert appearance in Hawaii for a special broadcast.

Each of Christafari's subsequent full-length albums, Reggae Christmas, Greatest Hits Vol. 1, Greatest Hits Vol. 2, Anthems, Hearts of Fire, and Original Love, have all hit the No. 1 position on the Billboard Reggae Charts.

In 2009 Christafari started their own film company called "Rank and File". The group now has around 80 music videos on YouTube including hits like "Hosanna," "Oceans" and "Here I Am To Worship" that have millions of views. Ever since the band decided to become full-time Musicianaries (musical missionaries) in 2012, they have had a busy schedule ministering around 125 times a year on every inhabited continent. So far Christafari has performed in 35 countries, 46 states, at 2 Olympic games and before the president of the United States.

The band's 2017 album Hearts of Fire entered the Billboard Reggae Albums chart at No. 1, their third No. 1 album on the chart.

On April 13, 2018, Christafari released the studio album "Original Love" (Lion of Zion Entertainment) which debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Reggae Albums Chart. This is the group's seventh consecutive album to debut at No. 1. Subsequent albums were "99.4.1 (Reckless Love)" and "Dub Supreme" in 2018 and 2019) and their long anticipated "Musicianaries: At Any Cost" (2020). The group has visited around 25 nations per year touring these albums.

Style
Initially Christafari's lyrics were characterized by a heart for Rastafarians, a passion for reaching the drug-afflicted counter-culture and a distinctly evangelical Christian message. Two examples are the songs "Why You A-go Look?" (WordSound&Power) and "Teachings of His Majesty" (Reggae Redemption Songs II), which use the words of Haile Selassie I (former Emperor of Ethiopia) to challenge the veneration of this Christian king as Almighty God incarnate.

Musically, the group fuses worship, roots and dancehall to create their own signature sound. Full of vibrant horns and rich female harmonies (by Avion Blackman), the group has eight members. In 1997 there was a division in the group that led to a split.

Mohr came out of the split releasing the WordSound&Power and launching Lion of Zion Entertainment. Erik Sundin and others formed Temple Yard. While Christafari continued with roots reggae and dancehall, Temple Yard was fusion oriented, showing pop, reggae, soul, and gospel influence similar to artists like UB40 or Big Mountain. Temple Yard released one album on Gotee Records in 1999, two more independent albums (in 2002 and 2005) and subsequently broke up.

Rastafari
Some Rastafarians are offended because a few Christafari members wear dreads and in the past they have used their colors (red, gold and green) in an attempt to become all things to all men and bring Rastas to Christ. Some Rastafarians reject this approach and view Christafari's message as a direct attack on the divinity of Selassie I. Christafari argues that they are only fulfilling the challenge set forth by Haile Selassie himself who publicly denied being Christ and said, "Let us labor to lead our sisters and brothers to our Savior Jesus Christ." Selassie was an Ethiopian Orthodox Christian and many Rastafarians identify themselves as such, though others identify as Jewish by religion and Rastafari by ideology. Christafari are clearly born again evangelical Christians.

Christian
Some Christians are offended because Mohr and other band members wear dreadlocks and sing in a style typically associated with Rastafari. They have also criticized Mohr over the name of the group and the use of the word "Jah" in songs to refer to the Judeo-Christian-Islamic God. The band has previously defended the use of the word with the argument that "Jah" is a shortening for "Yahweh" (also spelled "Jahweh") as used in the Bible. They are not the only Christian musical group to do this; a prime example is P.O.D.

Discography

 * Reggae Worship Volume I (1993)
 * Soulfire (1994)
 * Valley of Decision (1996) - US Reggae No. 7
 * WordSound&Power (1999) - US Reggae No. 9
 * Reggae Worship: First Fruits of Christafai (2000) - a re-release of their first album with some new material and previously unreleased earlier recordings.
 * Dub, Sound, and Power (2000) - a collection of Dub versions of songs, mostly from WordSound&Power.
 * Palabra Sonido Y Poder (2000) - versions of their songs overdubbed in Spanish.
 * Gravity (2003) - US Reggae No. 15
 * Gravitational Dub (2004) - a collection of Dub versions of songs, mostly from ''Gravity'
 * Reggae Sunday School (2005)
 * To the Foundation (2007)
 * No Compromise (2009)
 * Reggae de Redención (2010)
 * Majestic Heights in Dub (2011)
 * Dubshots (2011)
 * Reggae Worship: A Roots Revival (2012) - US Reggae No. 1
 * Reggae Revolution 2, Christafari and Friends (2012)
 * Reggae Christmas (2013)
 * Greatest Hits Vol. 1 (2014)
 * Greatest Hits Vol. 2 (2014)
 * Anthems (2015) - US Reggae No. 1
 * Anthems Deluxe (2016)
 * Dub Worship: Echoes of Mercy (2017)
 * Hearts of Fire (2017) - US Reggae No. 1
 * Dubs of Fire (2018)
 * Original Love (2018) – US Reggae No. 1
 * 99.4.1 (Reckless Love) (2018)
 * Dub Supreme (2019)
 * Musicianaries: At Any Cost (2020)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Christafari


text:
Forlimpopoli

Forlimpopoli (Frampùl) is a town and comune in the province of Forlì-Cesena, north-eastern Italy. It is located on the Via Emilia between Cesena and Forlì.

History
The name of Forlimpopoli derives from the Roman Forum Popilii, most likely connected to the consul Publius Popillius Laenas, who founded it in 132 BC. The area has been inhabited since Palaeolithic times, as proved by recent archaeological discoveries. Later it was settled by the Umbri and the Gauls from the Pianura Padana. In the 1st century BC Forum Popili become a municipium, and flourished due to its location near the important port of Classis (for which it provided amphorae for wine transport), as well as its own agricultural production.

It started to decay in the 3rd century AD, and, as in the High Middle Ages the area became marshy, its agricultural output fell drastically. In this period it was part of the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna and had its first Catholic bishop in the 5th century; over his sepulchre, outside the town, a Benedictine monastery was founded. In the 7th century Forlimpopoli was ravaged by the Lombard king Grimoald; in the following century it fell under Papal rule. Later the city started to grow again with the foundation of another burgh, the Civitas Nova, and with the communal autonomy.

In the 13th century it became a fief of the Ordelaffi family from Forlì. Their expansion was momentarily halted by the Papal reconquest by Cardinal Gil de Albornoz who, in 1361, ordered the destruction of Forlimpopoli due to its loyalty to the Ordelaffi. A chronicle from ten years later states that the town no longer existed, the bishopric having been moved to Bertinoro, and the cathedral having been replaced by a fortress, the current Rocca. A few years later Sinibaldo Ordelaffi, now in peaceful terms with the Popes, had the town rebuilt with the construction of a line of walls. In the 15th and 16th centuries it was a possession of several families, including the Riario and Cesare Borgia. In 1535 it was returned to the Papal States, who assigned it in turn as a fief to the Zampeschi family, followed by the Savelli and the Cardinal Capponi. Direct Papal authority was restored after the Napoleonic Wars.

Main sights
An imposing and very well-preserved castle from the 16th century lies in the centre of the town. It houses the local government, the archeological museum, a theatre and the music school.

Outside the town is the Sanctuary of Santa Maria delle Grazie di Fornò, one of the most notable circular plan churches in Italy (late 15th century). It features two works by Agostino di Duccio. The basilica of San Rufillo was originally built in the 6th century but it is now a more recent reconstruction; it is home to two canvases by Luca Longhi and Francesco Menzocchi, and the tomb of Brunoro II Zampeschi, lord of Forlimpopoli.

The church of the Servi (mid-15th century) has a painting by Marco Palmezzano.

Culture
The "Scuola di Musica Popolare di Forlimpopoli" was founded by the commune of Forlimpopoli and is now carried by an association of teachers and students. The main focus of teaching is the traditional folk music of the region. The music school has a supra-regional importance. In cooperation with the academy Fürsteneck Castle in Germany and the Eric Sahlström Institutet in Sweden it developed the "European Nyckelharpa Training".

Twinned cities

 * 🇫🇷 Villeneuve-Loubet, France

Notable people

 * Andrea Dovizioso, Italian MotoGP rider
 * Pellegrino Artusi, author of one of the earliest cookery book
 * Marco Uccellini, Baroque violinist and composer
 * Vincenzo Balzani, chemist
 * Daniel Hackett, American-Italian basketball player who currently plays for Brose Bamberg

title: Forlimpopoli


text:
Cornwall Royals

The Cornwall Royals were a junior ice hockey team based in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. The team played in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League from 1969 to 1981, and the Ontario Hockey League from 1981 to 1992. This team shared its name with other Cornwall Royals teams that played in the QSHL, MMJHL, or OHA-B.

History

From 1961 until 1969, the Cornwall Royals were successful members of the Central Junior A Hockey League (CJHL). As perennial CJHL champions, they represented that league at the playdowns for the 1966, 1967 and 1968 Memorial Cup national junior hockey championships, falling in the quarterfinals each year against the representatives from Quebec. After an application to join the OHL was rejected, the franchise became one of the inaugural teams of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League in 1969. The Cornwall Royals were one of the league's premier teams during its tenure in the QMJHL, winning 3 Memorial Cup titles. For the 1981–82 season, the team transferred into the Ontario Hockey League.

The Royals suffered through many tough seasons and poor attendance after moving to the OHL. The switch in leagues alienated many die-hard fans from across the Quebec border. Seeking better fortunes, the franchise moved to Newmarket, Ontario to play as the Newmarket Royals in 1992. In 1994 the team was bought by the Ciccarelli brothers and moved to Sarnia, Ontario as the Sarnia Sting.

Championships
The Cornwall Royals are one of only 7 clubs to win consecutive Memorial Cup championships. They did so in 1980 and 1981. In total, the Royals won 3 Memorial Cups, 3 President's Cups, and 5 division titles while in the QMJHL. The Royals did not win any OHL championships.

CJHL Bogart Cup Championships: 1966, 1967, 1968

President's Cup Playoff Champions in the QMJHL.
 * 1972 QMJHL Champions vs. Quebec Remparts
 * 1980 QMJHL Champions vs. Sherbrooke Castors
 * 1981 QMJHL Champions vs. Trois-Rivieres Draveurs

Jean Rougeau Trophy Regular season champions in the QMJHL.
 * 1971–1972 96 points
 * 1980–1981 90 points

West Division Trophy First overall in the West Division.
 * 1973–1974 94 points

Lebel Division Trophy First overall in the Lebel Division.
 * 1977–1978 100 points
 * 1979–1980 88 points
 * 1980–1981 90 points

 * Memorial Cups
 * 1972 CHL Champions vs. Peterborough Petes
 * 1980 CHL Champions vs. Peterborough Petes
 * 1981 CHL Champions vs. Kitchener Rangers

Coaches
Orval Tessier guided the Cornwall Royals to the Memorial Cup championship in 1972. Doug Carpenter coached the 1980 Royals, and Bob Kilger in 1981.

Marc Crawford was a former Cornwall Royals player. He won the Stanley Cup as coach of the Colorado Avalanche. He also coached the Vancouver Canucks, the Los Angeles Kings, and the Dallas Stars.

(Multiple years in parentheses)
 * List of Coaches

 * 1981–82 Bob Kilger
 * 1982–83 Jocelyn Guevremont
 * 1983–84 Jocelyn Guevremont / Floyd Crawford
 * 1984–85 Floyd Crawford / Tony Zappia
 * 1985–86 Tony Zappia
 * 1986–89 Orval Tessier (3)
 * 1989–91 Marc Crawford (2)
 * 1991–92 John Lovell

* 1982–83 coaches Bob Kilger, Bill Murphy, Gord Woods, Jocelyn Guevremont

Players
The Cornwall Royals graduated 55 players to the National Hockey League. From these alumni, 31 played for the Royals in the QMJHL, and 29 played for the Royals in the OHL, and 5 played for the Royals in both leagues.

CHL awards
CHL Player of the Year
 * 1980–1981 Dale Hawerchuk

CHL Defenceman of the Year
 * 1989–1990 John Slaney

CHL Scholastic Player of the Year
 * 1991–1992 Nathan LaFayette

QMJHL awards
Michel Brière Commemorative Trophy (Most Valuable Player)
 * 1973–74 Gary MacGregor
 * 1974–75 Mario Viens
 * 1980–81 Dale Hawerchuk

Guy Lafleur Trophy (Playoffs MVP)
 * 1979–80 Dale Hawerchuk

Jean Béliveau Trophy (Top Scorer)
 * 1980–81 Dale Hawerchuk

Instructors Trophy (Rookie of the Year)
 * 1970–71 Bob Murphy
 * 1971–72 Bob Murray
 * 1979–80 Dale Hawerchuk

Emile Bouchard Trophy (Defenseman of the Year)
 * 1980–81 Fred Boimistruck

Jacques Plante Commemorative Trophy (Best Goals Against Average)
 * 1971–72 Richard Brodeur
 * 1975–76 Tim Bernhardt
 * 1976–77 Tim Bernhardt
 * 1977–78 Tim Bernhardt

Mike Bossy Trophy (Best Professional Prospect)
 * 1980–81 Dale Hawerchuk

Frank J. Selke Commemorative Trophy (Most Sportsmanlike Player)
 * 1971–72 Gerry Teeple
 * 1973–74 Gary MacGregor

OHL awards
Red Tilson Trophy OHL Most valuable player.
 * 1982–1983 Doug Gilmour
 * 1985–1986 Ray Sheppard

Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy OHL Top Point Scorer.
 * 1982–1983 Doug Gilmour
 * 1985–1986 Ray Sheppard

Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy OHL Top Scoring Right Winger.
 * 1982–1983 Ian MacInnis
 * 1985–1986 Ray Sheppard
 * 1989–1990 Owen Nolan

Max Kaminsky Trophy Most Outstanding Defenceman.
 * 1989–1990 John Slaney

OHL Goaltender of the Year Voted best goaltender in the OHL.
 * 1987–1988 Rick Tabaracci

Emms Family Award Rookie of the year.
 * 1988–1989 Owen Nolan

Bobby Smith Trophy Scholastic player of the year.
 * 1990–1991 Nathan LaFayette
 * 1991–1992 Nathan LaFayette

Hockey Hall of Fame members
Three alumni of the Cornwall Royals have been enshrined in the Hockey Hall of Fame, including Billy Smith, Dale Hawerchuk, and Doug Gilmour.

NHL alumni

 * Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (1969–1981)

 * Jeff Allan
 * Dave Allison
 * Scott Arniel
 * Fred Arthur
 * Reid Bailey
 * Tim Bernhardt
 * Fred Boimistruck
 * Richard Brodeur
 * Eric Calder
 * Alain Chevrier
 * Bob Crawford
 * Lou Crawford
 * Marc Crawford
 * Dan Daoust
 * Jeff Eatough
 * Dan Frawley
 * Danny Geoffrion
 * Doug Gilmour
 * Dale Hawerchuk
 * Blair MacDonald
 * John Markell
 * Corrado Micalef
 * Bob Murray
 * Graeme Nicolson
 * Rick Paterson
 * Ron Scott
 * Al Sims
 * Billy Smith
 * Ron Smith
 * John Wensink
 * Rod Willard

 * Ontario Hockey League (1981–1992)

 * Scott Arniel
 * Bobby Babcock
 * Eric Calder
 * Jason Cirone
 * Larry Courville
 * Craig Duncanson
 * Jeff Eatough
 * Dan Frawley
 * Doug Gilmour
 * Jim Kyte
 * Nathan LaFayette
 * Alan Letang
 * Guy Leveque
 * Steve Maltais
 * Owen Nolan
 * Mike Prokopec
 * Rob Ray
 * Joe Reekie
 * Ken Sabourin
 * Mathieu Schneider
 * Ray Sheppard
 * John Slaney
 * Mike Stapleton
 * Jeremy Stevenson
 * Rick Tabaracci
 * Tom Thornbury
 * Mike Tomlak
 * Ryan Vandenbussche
 * Michael Ware

Playoffs

 * QMJHL (1969–1981)

 * 1969–1970 Lost to Verdun Maple Leafs 4 games to 2 in quarter-finals.
 * 1970–1971 Out of playoffs.
 * 1971–1972 Defeated Verdun Maple Leafs 8 points to 0 in quarter-finals. Defeated Shawinigan Bruins 8 points to 2 in semi-finals. Defeated Quebec Remparts 9 points to 5 in finals. QMJHL CHAMPIONS Defeated Peterborough Petes 2-1 in Memorial Cup final. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS
 * 1972–1973 Defeated Montreal Bleu-Blanc-Rouge 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals. Defeated Sorel Eperviers 4 games to 1 in semi-finals. Lost to Quebec Remparts 4 games to 3 in finals.
 * 1973–1974 Lost to Laval National 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals.
 * 1974–1975 Lost to Montreal Bleu-Blanc-Rouge 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals.
 * 1975–1976 Defeated Montreal Juniors 4 games to 2 in quarter-finals. Lost to Quebec Remparts 4 games to 0 in semi-finals.
 * 1976–1977 Defeated Trois-Rivières Draveurs 8 points to 4 in quarter-finals. Lost to Sherbrooke Castors 9 points to 0 in semi-finals.
 * 1977–1978 Defeated Hull Olympiques 8 points to 0 in quarter-finals. Lost to Montreal Juniors 8 points to 2 in semi-finals.
 * 1978–1979 Lost to Verdun Eperviers 8 points to 6 in quarter-finals.
 * 1979–1980 Defeated in Shawinigan Cataractes 4 games to 3 in quarter-finals. Defeated Chicoutimi Saguenéens 4 games to 1 in semi-finals. Defeated Sherbrooke Castors 4 games to 2 in finals. QMJHL CHAMPIONS Defeated Peterborough Petes 3-2 in Memorial Cup final. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS
 * 1980–1981 Defeated Quebec Remparts 4 games to 3 in quarter-finals. Defeated Sherbrooke Castors 4 games to 3 in semi-finals. Defeated Trois-Rivières Draveurs 4 games to 1 in finals. QMJHL CHAMPIONS Defeated Kitchener Rangers 5-2 in Memorial Cup final. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS

 * OHL (1981–1992)

 * 1981–1982 Lost to Toronto Marlboros 6 points to 4 in first round.
 * 1982–1983 Defeated Toronto Marlboros 7 points to 1 in first round. Lost to Ottawa 67's 8 points to 0 in quarter-finals.
 * 1983–1984 Lost to Peterborough Petes 6 points to 0 in first round.
 * 1984–1985 Defeated Toronto Marlboros 8 points to 2 in first round. Lost to Belleville Bulls 6 points to 2 in quarter-finals.
 * 1985–1986 Lost to Belleville Bulls 9 points to 3 in first round.
 * 1986–1987 Lost to Ottawa 67's 4 games to 1 in first round.
 * 1987–1988 Defeated Belleville Bulls 4 games to 2 in first round. Lost to Ottawa 67's 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals.
 * 1988–1989 Defeated Toronto Marlboros 4 games to 2 in first round. Defeated Ottawa 67's 4 games to 2 in quarter-finals. Lost to Peterborough Petes 4 games to 2 in semi-finals.
 * 1989–1990 Lost to Oshawa Generals 4 games to 2 in first round.
 * 1990–1991 Out of playoffs.
 * 1991–1992 Lost to Ottawa 67's 4 games to 2 in first round.

Arenas
The Cornwall Royals played out of the Water Street Arena from 1969 to 1976, while in the QMJHL. The Arena, renamed in honour of Si Miller, the city's Director of Parks and Recreation for more than 30 years, was torn down in 2012.

From 1976 to 1992, the Royals played out for the Cornwall Civic Complex, located across the road from their previous arena. The arena hosted the 1990 Chrysler Challenge Cup, the annual All-Star game between the OHL and the QMJHL, which the OHL won by a score of 3 to 0.

title: Cornwall Royals


text:
Niagara Falls Flyers

The Niagara Falls Flyers were two junior ice hockey franchises that played in the top tier in the Ontario Hockey Association. The first, a Junior "A" team existed from 1960 until 1972, and the second in Tier I Junior "A" from 1976 until 1982.

Both teams were owned by the Emms Family, and were relocated to Niagara Falls from another city. The Niagara Falls Memorial Arena was home ice to both teams.

History
The first Flyers team relocated to Niagara Falls from Barrie in 1960. The team was affiliated with the Boston Bruins of the NHL. The Flyers appeared in three Memorial Cups in the 1960s, winning in 1965 and 1968.

1963 Memorial Cup
Niagara Falls won the right to play for the Cup by defeating the Toronto Neil McNeil Maroons for the OHA championship, and the Espanola Eagles to win the George Richardson Memorial Trophy as eastern Canadian representatives.

The Flyers were runners up to the Memorial Cup in 1963 played at Edmonton's Arena Gardens. They lost in six games to the Edmonton Oil Kings in a best-of-seven series. Flyers players Dornhoefer and Harmer both suffered broken legs while on the ice.

1965 Memorial Cup
Niagara Falls won the right to play for the Cup by defeating the defending champions Toronto Marlboros for the OHA championship. The Memorial Cup in 1965 was again played at Edmonton's Arena Gardens. They defeated the Oil Kings 4 games to 1 in a best-of-seven rematch series from two years previous. The series was filled with brawls and suspensions, as well as a heavy police presence throughout.

1968 Memorial Cup
Niagara Falls won the right to play for the Cup by defeating the Kitchener Rangers for the OHA championship, and the Verdun Maple Leafs for the eastern championship.

The 1968 Memorial Cup featured two Boston Bruins farm teams playing one another. The Flyers would play the Estevan Bruins on home ice, except for game two at the Montreal Forum. Game 4 was the longest in Memorial Cup history, lasting into five periods. Niagara Falls defeated Estevan in a best-of-seven series in five games.

Second Flyers
The Emms Family sold the Flyers in 1972 after it played for 12 seasons. The new owners then relocated the team to Sudbury to become the Sudbury Wolves.

Later the same year, after selling the Flyers, the Emms family bought the St. Catharines Black Hawks team who were the OHA champions the previous year. Four years after buying the Black Hawks, the Emms family relocated them to Niagara Falls in 1976, taking the same name as the previous team. The Emms family later sold this version of the Flyers in 1978.

The second Flyers team played for 4 seasons in the Ontario Hockey Association from 1976 to 1980, and 2 years in the Ontario Hockey League from 1980 to 1982. The Flyers appeared in the OHA finals in 1979, losing to Peterborough. Niagara Falls lost its Flyers team a second time in 1982 when they moved to North Bay to become the Centennials, who have subsequently moved to Saginaw in 2002 to become the Saginaw Spirit.

Championships
The Niagara Falls Flyers are one of a few clubs to win multiple Memorial Cup championships. Also of note, the franchise were repeat champions in different home cities, of Barrie and Niagara Falls. In total, the Flyers won the Memorial Cup twice in Niagara Falls, and twice in Barrie. and the J. Ross Robertson Cup 3 times each in Barrie and Niagara Falls. The Flyers finished first overall in 1963 & 1965 during the regular season to win the Hamilton Spectator Trophy. The second Niagara Falls Flyers team won the western conference Emms Trophy in the 1978–79 playoffs.

 * Memorial Cup

 * 1963 Lost to Edmonton Oil Kings
 * 1965 Champions vs. Edmonton Oil Kings
 * 1968 Champions vs. Estevan Bruins
 * George Richardson Memorial Trophy

 * 1963 Champions vs. Espanola Eagles
 * 1965 Champions vs. Lachine Maroons
 * 1968 Champions vs. Verdun Maple Leafs

 * J. Ross Robertson Cup

 * 1963 Champions vs. Neil McNeil Maroons
 * 1965 Champions vs. Toronto Marlboros
 * 1968 Champions vs. Kitchener Rangers
 * 1979 Lost to Peterborough Petes
 * Hamilton Spectator Trophy

 * 1962–63 (69pts) and 1964–65 (81pts)
 * Emms Trophy

 * 1978–79 (Western Conference)

Coaches
The Flyers from 1960 to 1972 were coached by Hap Emms, Bill Long and Paul Emms. The Flyers coaches from 1976 to 1982 are listed below.
 * 1976–78: Paul Emms (2)
 * 1978–79: Bert Templeton (2)
 * 1979–80: Barry Boughner, F.Stanfield
 * 1980–81: Paul Gauthier
 * 1981–82: Bert Templeton (2)

Players
A combined total of 82 players from the Niagara Falls Flyers franchises went on to play in the National Hockey League, and two of those are enshrined in the Hockey Hall of Fame.

Award winners

 * 1962–63 - Wayne Maxner, Red Tilson Trophy (Most Outstanding Player), Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy (Scoring Champion)
 * 1963–64 - Bernie Parent, Dave Pinkney Trophy (Lowest Team GAA)
 * 1964–65 - Bernie Parent, Dave Pinkney Trophy
 * 1966–67 - Derek Sanderson, Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy
 * 1967–68 - Tom Webster, Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy, William Hanley Trophy (Most Sportsmanlike Player)
 * 1976–77 - Mike Gartner, Emms Family Award (Rookie of the Year)
 * 1978–79 - Nick Ricci, F. W. "Dinty" Moore Trophy (Best Rookie GAA)
 * 1981–82 - Ron Meighan, Max Kaminsky Trophy (Most Outstanding Defenceman)

Hall of Famers

 * Bernie Parent (1963–1965)
 * Mike Gartner (1976–1979)

NHL alumni

 * 1960 to 1972

• Mike Amodeo

• John Arbour

• Steve Atkinson

• Don Awrey

• Doug Brindley

• Tom Colley

• Terry Crisp

• Jim Dorey

• Gary Dornhoefer

• Doug Favell

• George Gardner

• Jeannot Gilbert

• Bill Goldsworthy

• Larry Gould

• Gary Holt

• Randy Holt

• Wayne King

• Bill Knibbs

• Don Lever

• Rick Ley

• Jim Lorentz

• Don Marcotte

• Gilles Marotte

• Wayne Maxner

• Don McLean

• Brent Meeke

• Phil Myre

• Rosaire Paiement

• Wilf Paiement

• Bernie Parent

• J. P. Parise

• Jean Pronovost

• Bob Ring

• Phil Roberto

• Wayne Rutledge

• Larry Sacharuk

• Derek Sanderson

• Ron Schock

• Jim Schoenfeld

• Brad Selwood

• Ted Snell

• Steve Stone

• Garry Swain

• Don Tannahill

• Dave Tataryn

• Morris Titanic

• Eric Vail

• Tom Webster

• Ed Westfall

• Barry Wilkins

• Butch Williams

• Dunc Wilson

 * 1976 to 1982

• Mark Botell

• Marty Dallman

• Mike Dwyer

• Jeff Eatough

• Daryl Evans

• Lou Franceschetti

• Ron Friest

• Bob Froese

• Mike Gartner

• John Gibson

• Paul Gillis

• Pat Graham

• Jim Jackson

• Bob LaForest

• Mark LaForest

• Steve Larmer

• Steve Ludzik

• Andrew McBain

• Kevin McClelland

• Scott McLellan

• Ron Meighan

• Mark Osborne

• Steve Peters

• Mark Renaud

• Nick Ricci

• Gerry Rioux

• Bill Root

• Andy Schliebener

• Howard Scruton

• Bill Stewart

• Tom Thornbury

Regular season 1960–72
Playoffs
 * 1960–61 Lost to Guelph Royals 10 points to 4 in quarter-finals.
 * 1961–62 Lost to Hamilton Red Wings 8 points to 0 in OHA semi-finals.
 * 1962–63 Defeated Hamilton Red Wings 8 points to 2 in OHA semi-finals. Defeated Montreal Junior Canadiens 8 points to 0 in OHA finals. Defeated Toronto Neil McNeil Maroons in all-Ontario finals. OHA CHAMPIONS Defeated Espanola Eagles in Richardson Trophy playoffs. Lost to Edmonton Oil Kings in Memorial Cup finals.
 * 1963–64 Lost to Toronto Marlboros 8 points to 0 in quarter-finals.
 * 1964–65 Defeated Oshawa Generals 8 points to 4 in quarter-finals. Received second-round bye. Defeated Toronto Marlboros 8 points to 2 in finals. OHA CHAMPIONS Defeated Edmonton Oil Kings in Memorial Cup finals. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS
 * 1965–66 Lost to Kitchener Rangers 8 points to 4 in quarter-finals.
 * 1966–67 Defeated London Knights 8 points to 4 in quarter-finals. Lost to Hamilton Red Wings 8 points to 6 in semi-finals.
 * 1967–68 Defeated Peterborough Petes 8 points to 2 in quarter-finals. Defeated Montreal Junior Canadiens 8 points to 4 in semi-finals. Defeated Kitchener Rangers 9 points to 7 in finals. OHA CHAMPIONS Defeated Verdun Maple Leafs in Richardson Trophy playoffs. Defeated Estevan Bruins in Memorial Cup finals. MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS
 * 1968–69 Defeated Ottawa 67's 9 points to 5 in quarter-finals. Lost to St. Catharines Black Hawks 8 points to 6 in semi-finals.
 * 1969–70 Out of playoffs.
 * 1970–71 Out of playoffs.
 * 1971–72 Lost to Oshawa Generals 8 points to 4 in quarter-finals.

Regular season 1976–82
Playoffs
 * 1976–77 Out of playoffs.
 * 1977–78 Out of playoffs.
 * 1978–79 Defeated Kitchener Rangers 8 points to 6 in quarter-finals. Defeated Windsor Spitfires and London Knights in a semi-final round-robin. Lost to Peterborough Petes 8 points to 6 in finals.
 * 1979–80 Defeated London Knights 3 games to 2 in first round. Lost to Windsor Spitfites 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals.
 * 1980–81 Defeated Toronto Marlboros 3 games to 2 in division quarter-finals. Lost to Kitchener Rangers 9 points to 5 in quarter-finals.
 * 1981–82 Lost to Windsor Spitfires 6 points to 4 in first round.

Arena
The Niagara Falls Flyers played home games at Niagara Falls Memorial Arena from 1960 to 1972, and again from 1976 to 1982. The arena hosted Memorial Cup games in 1968.

title: Niagara Falls Flyers


text:
Detroit Junior Red Wings

The Detroit Junior Red Wings were a junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League for three seasons from 1992 to 1995. The Jr. Red Wings were based in Detroit, Michigan.

History
The Compuware Ambassadors were renamed the Detroit Junior Red Wings in 1992 and played in the same arena as the NHL Detroit Red Wings. The Junior team was the most popular attraction in town during the NHL lockout of 1995, setting attendance records for the Ontario Hockey League and Canadian Hockey League.

After a failed takeover bid by Peter Karmanos to buy the NHL Red Wings from Mike Ilitch, the relationship between the two clubs soured after the season ended. The Jr. Red Wings played for three seasons before severing all ties with the NHL Red Wings and renaming themselves as the Detroit Whalers, in association with the NHL Hartford Whalers, which Karmanos bought in 1994.

1992–93
Former Windsor Compuware Spitfires coach Tom Webster was hired to coach for the 1992–93 season, with Paul Maurice as his assistant coach. Webster worked previously with Jr. Red Wings President Jim Rutherford and owner Peter Karmanos, when Windsor won the OHL title in 1987–88. Webster was returning from NHL coaching duties with the New York Rangers and Los Angeles Kings.

Key acquisitions made to build the team during the season were, defenceman Jamie Allison, forward Kevin Brown, and goalie Fred Brathwaite. Jim Rutherford was chosen OHL Executive of the Year in 1992–93 for role as team president and general manager in building the expansion franchise into a winning team.

The Jr. Wings played a run-and-gun style game. They were led in scoring by the Junior Production Line featuring, Pat Peake, Bob Wren and Kevin Brown. The trio combined for 163 goals on the season. Todd Harvey also scored 50 goals playing on the second line.

Detroit finished the season with 81 points, and second place in the Emms division tied with Sault Ste. Marie but had less wins with London finishing 10 points behind Detroit but the others finished with 66 points or below. The Junior Red Wings defeated the Guelph Storm in 5 games in the first round of the playoffs, but lost Pat Peake for the rest of the season when he suffered a broken collarbone.

Detroit defeated the rival London Knights in 5 games in second round to play the division champs Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in the division finals. The more experienced Greyhounds team won the series in 5 games. The highlight of the round was the game three win, when with only three seconds left and the opposing net empty, goalie Fred Brathwaite set franchise history when he scored a goal.

1993–94
Before the start of the season, assistant coach Paul Maurice was promoted to head coach, when Tom Webster was relieved of his duties after a disagreement in team policies. Maurice brought along an old teammate as his new assistant, close friend Peter DeBoer. The two played together with the Windsor Compuware Spitfires in the mid to late 1980s.

Maurice and Deboer led the Junior Red Wings to their first division title after several years of chasing Sault Ste. Marie who finished with 79 points while the others in the division finished with 70 points or below. Detroit posted a franchise-best record of 42-20-4, second overall in the OHL to the North Bay Centennials. Jim Rutherford was chosen OHL Executive of the Year for the second consecutive year in 1993–94. After the trading deadline, the Junior Wings won 16 of 23 games over the last two months of the regular season to win the Emms Division title.

Detroit got a round bye for the first round but went against the Owen Sound Platers and swept them in the second round. Detroit finally eliminated Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in the division finals in 6 games during the playoffs. As Emms Division champions, they moved on to meet the North Bay Centennials in the OHL Finals. Despite leading the series 3 games to 2, Detroit came up short as North Bay came back to win the series and the J. Ross Robertson Cup. Although the team fell short of its ultimate goal, it was a breakthrough season nonetheless.

1994–95
Paul Maurice took over as general manager after Jim Rutherford moved to take over managing the NHL Hartford Whalers. Maurice would continue to serve as the coach in a dual role.

The OHL realigned into three divisions for the 1994–95 season. Detroit would now play in the West Division versus Windsor, London, Sarnia and Sault Ste. Marie. As the season unfolded, the Junior Wings quickly developed into a balanced team that could play the game in many strategic ways. The team finished with a franchise best record of 44-18-4 for 92 points a close call for Windsor who finished with 85 points. It was the best defensive year to date for the team since only Windsor finished above .500, Sarnia finished with 53 points with London finished with 40 points and Sault Ste. Marie finished with 38 points.

Junior hockey in Detroit received a boost when the National Hockey League owners locked out their players until the middle of January. The Jr. Wings set an all-time Canadian Hockey League attendance record when 19,875 packed Joe Louis Arena on February 5, 1995 in a 5-5 tie with Windsor.

NHL scouts regularly attended the OHL games as did Red Wings head coach Scotty Bowman was a regular at the games. Looking to fill gaps in coverage, Red Wing broadcasters Dave Strader and Mickey Redmond broadcast several games for PASS-TV. In addition, The Junior Wings received regular coverage in the Detroit News and Free Press and found a friend in WDIV's Van Earl Wright.

The Junior Wings rolled through the first two rounds of the playoffs, sweeping the London Knights and Peterborough Petes. In the third round versus the Sudbury Wolves, the visiting team won each of the first six games in overtime. Detroit won game seven on May 8, 1995 playing on home ice, scoring an 11-4 victory. The Junior Red Wings defeated the first place Guelph Storm in the league finals to win their first J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL Champions, and get their first berth in the Memorial Cup Tournament.

Memorial Cup 1995
The Canadian Hockey League championship in 1995 was hosted in Kamloops, British Columbia at the Riverside Coliseum. The Junior Red Wings would face off in the Memorial Cup Tournament against the QMJHL champions Hull Olympiques, the WHL finalists Brandon Wheat Kings, and the Kamloops Blazers as hosts and WHL champions.

The Junior Wings finished the round-robin in second place. They defeated Brandon again 2-1 in the semi-final game to advance to the finals against the defending champion Blazers. (Despite an online report that said that Milan Kostolny scored the winning goal, video research revealed that the game-winner was actually scored by Matthew Ball, off of Wade Redden's foot.) Detroit then started the final game versus Kamloops shorthanded, playing without Shayne McCosh (broken wrist); Bryan Berard did play, but with a bad charley horse. The Blazers blew the game open in the second period and went on to win 8-2.

Paul Maurice put the Junior Wings season in perspective: "I have a picture hanging in my office," Maurice said. "It's not a picture of us winning the championship but a picture of the crowd the day we won (May 8, 1995). It was a real special time and I remember that fondly.

"My time with the Ambassadors and Junior Wings was one of the best times of my life, in terms of coaching. I think probably more so because a lot of people really caught on to junior hockey. I know a lot of those faces I see in the pictures and I remember the people being so loyal..."

Later years
The Detroit Compuware Ambassadors became the Detroit Jr. Red Wings in 1992, despite the fact that Jr. Wings owner Peter Karmanos had an ongoing feud with Detroit Red Wings owner Mike Ilitch. The Jr. Wings even played in the Red Wings' Joe Louis Arena—until the rivalry between Ilitch and Karmanos finally came to a head, and the junior club was evicted in 1995, right after winning the OHL crown. When Karmanos bought the Hartford Whalers, the Jr. Wings became the Detroit Whalers, and played out of the tiny Oak Park Arena. (Some home games were held in the Palace of Auburn Hills, which with a capacity of over 20,000 was big enough to host the NHL Whalers; it would become home ice the IHL Detroit Vipers later in the decade.) In 1997, Karmanos built his own arena, Compuware Arena in Plymouth, Michigan, and re-dubbed the team the Plymouth Whalers—that same year, Karmanos moved the Hartford Whalers to North Carolina, making the Plymouth club the only team to still use the name "Whalers". (In 2015, the junior team moved again, to Flint, Michigan, and is now the Flint Firebirds.)

Championships
J. Ross Robertson Cup - OHL Champion
 * 1993–94 Finalists vs. North Bay Centennials
 * 1994–95 Champions vs. Guelph Storm

Division Trophies
 * 1993–94 Emms Trophy Emms Division
 * 1994–95 Bumbacco Trophy West Division

Coaches

 * 1992–93 Tom Webster - Won the 1967–68 OHA scoring title with the Niagara Falls Flyers. Also played for the Detroit Red Wings (NHL) and Hartford Whalers (WHA).
 * 1993–95 Paul Maurice (2 seasons) - Played for Tom Webster as a member of the Windsor Compuware Spitfires. Later coached the Carolina Hurricanes for seven seasons.

Players
The Detroit Junior Red Wings sent 13 players onto the NHL while only operating for three seasons. Pat Peake was the first MVP for the franchise. His # 14 would be retired by the Whalers organization. Cameron Gruich was chosen 3rd in the 2nd round by the Detroit Red Wings in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft. Todd Harvey was chosen 9th overall by the Dallas Stars in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft in the first round.

Bryan Berard was the most awarded player for the 1994-95 season in the Canadian Hockey League. He was chosen 1st overall in the first round of the 1995 NHL Entry Draft by the Ottawa Senators.

Award winners

 * 1992–93 - Pat Peake, Canadian Hockey League Player of the Year, Red Tilson Trophy Most Outstanding Player, William Hanley Trophy Most Sportsmanlike Player
 * 1992–93 - Kevin Brown, Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy Top Scoring Right Winger
 * 1993–94 - Kevin Brown, Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy Top Scoring Right Winger
 * 1994–95 - Bryan Berard, Canadian Hockey League Rookie of the Year; Emms Family Award, OHL Rookie of the Year; Max Kaminsky Trophy, Defenceman of the Year; CHL Top Draft Prospect Award
 * 1994–95 - Jason Saal, Hap Emms Memorial Trophy Outstanding Goaltender at Memorial Cup

NHL alumni

 * Jamie Allison
 * Bryan Berard
 * Fred Brathwaite
 * Kevin Brown
 * Eric Cairns
 * Sean Haggerty
 * Todd Harvey
 * Eric Manlow
 * Jeff Mitchell
 * Pat Peake
 * Mike Rucinski
 * Derek Wilkinson
 * Bob Wren

Yearly results

 * Regular season
 * Playoffs
 * 1992–93 - Defeated Guelph Storm 4 games to 1 in first round. Defeated London Knights 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals. Lost to S.S.Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 1 in semi-finals.
 * 1993–94 - Earned first round bye. 1st place in Emms division. Defeated Owen Sound Platers 4 games to 0 in division semi-finals. Defeated S.S.Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 2 in semi-finals. Lost to North Bay Centennials in finals.
 * 1994–95 - Defeated London Knights 4 games to 0 in division quarter-finals. Defeated Peterborough Petes 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals. Defeated Sudbury Wolves 4 games to 3 in semi-finals. Defeated Guelph Storm 4 games to 2 in finals. OHL CHAMPIONS Finished Memorial Cup round-robin in second place (2 wins, 1 loss). Defeated Brandon Wheat Kings 2-1 in semi-final game. Lost to Kamloops Blazers 8-2 in Memorial Cup championship game.

Arena
The Junior Red Wings played at Joe Louis Arena concurrently with the NHL Detroit Wings. The Junior Red Wings set OHL attendance records for three consecutive years. The Junior Wings set a Canadian Hockey League attendance record at the time, on February 5, 1995, when 19,875 fans packed Joe Louis Arena to see a 5-5 tie with the local rival Windsor Spitfires.

 * Joe Louis Arena The OHL Arena & Travel Guide

title: Detroit Junior Red Wings


text:
Talk:History of Kyrgyzstan

Untitled
No mention of the Great Seljuk empire? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.44.109.182 (talk • contribs) 19:02, 2 October 2004

Maybe something should be said about the 2500-year-old excavations at Issyk Kul? Or is it too early? Esn (talk) 21:43, 6 January 2008 (UTC) There is some information under the lake's own heading in Wiki. I would like to see some peer-review of the claims mentioned by the paper from the historical team. To date, the only thing I can find is Russian-Kyrgyz declarations. HammerFilmFan (talk) 22:30, 21 June 2010 (UTC)HammerFilmsFan

Should be updated to reflect the current ethnic conflict
The pogrom against the Uzbeks should be briefly mentioned as NPOV as possible. HammerFilmFan (talk) 22:27, 21 June 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061208072309/http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/PNAS_2001_v98_p10244.pdf to http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/PNAS_2001_v98_p10244.pdf
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Orphaned references in History of Kyrgyzstan
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of History of Kyrgyzstan's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "rferl.org": From Helmut Kohl:  From Sooronbay Jeenbekov:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 00:15, 30 April 2019 (UTC)

Help request
Please add the missing empire in the history section it’s called the Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate which was founded by Bars Bek who is believed to be Epic of Manas himself. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.28.52.84 (talk) 16:15, 18 February 2021 (UTC)
 * We really need references if anything in the article is going to be changed. Primefac (talk) 22:31, 18 February 2021 (UTC)

As mentioned above, here are the sources. Sources for the Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate on History of Kyrgyzstan

1* http://factsanddetails.com/central-asia/Kyrgyzstan/sub8_5a/entry-4744.html (mentions it on Origins of the Kyrgyz)

2* https://prezi.com/n4x6wpyxdtln/the-leadership-of-yenisei-kyrgyz-in-eurasia/

3* https://dbpedia.org/page/Yenisei_Kyrgyz

4* http://www.ehobbex.com/node/35896 (Bars Bek) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.28.52.84 (talk) 14:42, 20 February 2021 (UTC)
 * None of these are reliable sources. CUPIDICAE💕  16:34, 20 February 2021 (UTC)

Then why does that page exist then? Isn’t it reliable enough, I have added the picture and source by Brittanica. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.28.52.84 (talk) 17:25, 20 February 2021 (UTC)

I’m sure we can borrow sources from that article.

Change dating system to Common Era
I will be changing the dating system on this article away from the biased, Christian based AD/BC to the common era system. This will bring the article into alignment with secular usage such as https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_India. If you object, please state why you are ok with the biased system here. Eupnevma (talk) 20:02, 3 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Before you go changing AC BC please read Manual of Style, specifically MOS:VAR. Also, instead of hundreds of discussions regarding the changes on hundreds of different talk pages, get a conversation going here: Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style. Thanks! Masterhatch (talk) 20:28, 3 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of Kyrgyzstan


text:
Owen Sound Platers

Owen Sound Platers was a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Owen Sound, Ontario. The team played in the Ontario Hockey League from 1989 to 2000, then was sold to new owners who renamed the team the Owen Sound Attack.

History
In 1989 the Holody's moved the Guelph Platers to Owen Sound, Ontario, retaining the name "Platers", as the Holody family owned a local electroplating company. The team played home games in the J. D. McArthur Arena at the Bayshore Community Centre.

The city of Owen Sound would be a strong base for junior hockey with disproportionately high support from the smallest city in the OHL. The city had a two time Memorial Cup champion in the Owen Sound Greys in 1924 & 1927, and the Owen Sound Mercurys were a long-standing OHA Senior Hockey team and 1954 Allan Cup Champions.

Dave Siciliano coached the Platers to 39 wins in 68 games during the 1998–99 season, and a third-place finish in the Western Conference. In the playoffs, the Platers won the first round four games to one versus the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds, won the second round four games to two versus the Guelph Storm, then lost in the third round four games to one versus the London Knights. The 1998–99 season marked the first time which the Platers advanced to the third round of the playoffs during the franchise's history in Owen Sound.

Despite many mediocre seasons, support for the team has remained strong. When the Holody's decided to sell the team in 2000, several local Owen Sound business-people banded together to purchase the team. Owen Sound fans realized that losing the team would be a crisis for the city. After a bidding war and a summer-long legal battle with another suitor, the team remained in Owen Sound. The ownership group elected for a name change and came up with the "Owen Sound Attack".

Coaches
List of coaches with multiple seasons in parentheses.

 * 1989–1991, Len McNamara (2)
 * 1991–1992, Rick Tarasuk
 * 1992–1993, Jerry Harrigan (3)
 * 1995–1996, Ric Seiling, John Lovell
 * 1996–1997, John Lovell (3)
 * 1997–1998, John Lovell, Dave Siciliano
 * 1998–1999, Dave Siciliano (3)
 * 1999–2000, Dave Siciliano, Brian O'Leary

Players
Andrew Brunette won the 1992–93 Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy as the top scorer in the OHL with 62 Goals, 100 Assists and 162 Points. He also tied for the Canadian Hockey League's scoring lead. Brunette was selected by the Washington Capitals 174th overall in the 7th round of 1993 NHL Entry Draft.

Jamie Storr was the 1993–94 OHL Goaltender of the Year. Storr was the starting goalie for back-to-back World Junior Hockey Championship Gold medals in 1993 and 1994. In 1994 he was drafted 7th overall by the Los Angeles Kings.

Dan Snyder, a former captain of the Owen Sound Platers had his number 14 retired by the Owen Sound Attack in 2003. He is remembered in Owen Sound for his leadership on the ice, and off the ice. Snyder was twice voted his team's humanitarian of the year. The Ontario Hockey League renamed its Humanitarian of the Year award posthumously in honour of Dan Snyder, who died from injuries suffered in a vehicular accident with teammate Dany Heatley in 2003.

NHL alumni
Nineteen alumni of the Owen Sound Platers graduated to play in the National Hockey League (NHL).

 * Sean Avery
 * Andrew Brunette
 * Jeff Christian
 * Ryan Christie
 * Todd Hlushko
 * Greg Jacina
 * Brent Johnson
 * Jason MacDonald
 * Adam Mair
 * Kirk Maltby
 * Chris Minard
 * Wayne Primeau
 * Curtis Sanford
 * Dan Snyder
 * Jamie Storr
 * Scott Walker
 * Kevin Weekes
 * Sean Whyte
 * Joel Ward

Team records
Records listed for those achieved from 1989 to 2000.

Playoffs

 * 1989–90 Defeated Sudbury Wolves 4 games to 3 in first round. Lost to Niagara Falls Thunder 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals.
 * 1990–91 Out of playoffs.
 * 1991–92 Lost to London Knights 4 games to 1 in first round.
 * 1992–93 Defeated Niagara Falls Thunder 4 games to 0 in first round. Lost to S.S. Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals.
 * 1993–94 Defeated Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 1 in division quarter-finals. Lost to Detroit Jr. Red Wings 4 games to 0 in division semi-finals.
 * 1994–95 Defeated Niagara Falls Thunder 4 games to 2 in division quarter-finals. Lost to Guelph Storm 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals.
 * 1995–96 Lost to Niagara Falls Thunder 4 games to 2 in division quarter-finals.
 * 1996–97 Lost to Barrie Colts 4 games to 0 in division quarter-finals.
 * 1997–98 Defeated Kitchener Rangers 4 games to 2 in division quarter-finals. Lost to Ottawa 67's 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals.
 * 1998–99 Defeated S.S. Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 1 in conference quarter-finals. Defeated Guelph Storm 4 games to 2 in conference semi-finals. Lost to London Knights 4 games to 1 in conference finals.
 * 1999–2000 Out of playoffs.

Uniforms and logos

The Owen Sound platers used the same logo as the Guelph Platers from 1989 to 1995 (inset right) only changing the name of the city. Owen Sound modernized its logo for the 1995–96 season (top of page), and used it until the team was sold in 2000. The team colours remained the same throughout; black, gold, red and white. The home uniforms for Owen Sound were white background with black, red and gold trim. The away uniforms were black background, with red, gold and white trim.

title: Owen Sound Platers


text:
Talk:John Vanbrugh

Timeline Template is Inaccessible as Graphical Info
The "Timeline" portion of the article is a graphic, which makes it impossible for those who cannot process graphics -- in particular, the blind and partially sighted, for text-in-graphics tends to become less clear the larger the graphic is displayed -- to obtain the information contained in the Timeline.

use of this template should be discontinued and replaced by actual text contained in a timeline whose layout is controlled by CSS oedipus (talk) 22:46, 8 September 2011 (UTC)

 * A challenge! Did you mean something like this, using Template:Graphical timeline rather than EasyTimeline:

 * I can see that having this as text (rather than as a graphic) is an improvement, but it is a bit bigger and doesn't seem to want to start with the lower years (1664) at the top. No doubt this can be improved to use sidebars to show at a glance when he was in India or France, or working on various projects. There are some other examples, such as Template:Joan of Arc graphical timeline. -- Ferma (talk) 19:23, 16 February 2012 (UTC)

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Kudos
I use your service all the time. I applaud greatly appreciate the depth and breadth of topics and research. I have and will continue to support financially. I am rushing out to take advantage of a sale on raw oysters, but will sign in and contribute on my return. Som 96.230.41.215 (talk) 18:23, 20 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:John Vanbrugh