text:
Talk:Zakarpattia Oblast

History at the wrong place
The oblast was formed only after the war but as of now the entire history section is devoted to the interwar period. This rightfully needs merged into Carpathian Ruthenia and the post-war times need to be described instead. Also, when doing so, please avoid duplicating and attempts to reproduce the History of Ukraine in 2-3 sentences of narrow articles about locations. Only what's relevant to the location belongs here rather than general phrases like "Since 1991 the territoryu became part of independent Ukraine..." So was every territory of UkrSSR. Since this is going to be written anew, let's avoid common traps. --Irpen 03:42, 27 October 2006 (UTC)
 * This region has been always considered very important on the military strategy point of view because it can control all the wide Pannonian lowlands. --Deguef (talk) 17:05, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

Latin Europe
Hello ! There is a vote going on at Latin Europe that might interest you. Please everyone, do come and give your opinion and votes. Thank you. The Ogre (talk) 21:17, 27 February 2008 (UTC)

New information deleted, inconsistent with Wiki standards
I am new to Wikipedia, so that is why I added explicitly "please help me edit the following reference to Wiki-standards"

Now, please, help me edit this into appropriate wiki-material:

Priest Sidor is identical with Father Dymytrij Sydor which a few years ago raised the funds to build a massive new cathedral at Uzhgorod, one of the largest in eastern Europe. The Magazine Hidden Europe (www.hiddeneurope.co.uk) reports: - - (please help me edit the following reference to Wiki-standards) - - "All eyes are now on the assembly of Ukraine's Zakarpattya Oblast which meets in Uzhgorod on 1 December. The assembly is unlikely to back Father Sydor separatist aspirations. For not only does the region have a large number of Ukrainians, but it is also home to other minorities beyond the Rusyns, notably the Hutsuls. But Dymytrij Sydor is not a man to back down easily. If the oblast assembly does not support the Rusyns claim for independence, then Father Sodor says that the Rusyn minority will consider more forceful ways of securing their goals."

Wikarth (talk) 11:14, 5 November 2008 (UTC)

Language
The only official language is Ukrainian and not any other without any exceptions. The link provided does not support the fact that in some seven villages the official language is Hungarian. That is crazy and needs to be checked as it gives bias information. And if there will be no responses on this subject it will be removed. People come up with all kinds of strange stuff like that the official language of Crimea is Russian. It is de facto language, but it does not make it automatically the official, please, refer to the Constitution of Ukraine for more information. Aleksandr Grigoryev (talk) 03:37, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I'll clarify: minority citizens/inhabitants in 7 villages of the Muchachivskyi Raion can choose to educate their children in Hungarian. This is from the Zakarpattia Oblast State Administration website. No one is saying that Hungarian is co-official in Zakarpattia. Maybe the "Hungarian language has some official rights" part confused you.. The language just has some rights as a language of a minority in several of those villages. Though don't forget Article 10 of the Constitution: In Ukraine, the free development, use and protection of Russian, and other languages of national minorities of Ukraine, is guaranteed. Feel free to reword it to make it less confusing. —dima/talk/ 03:56, 6 January 2009 (UTC)

The only official language is Ukrainian. And I have nothing to add.Ultrasonic220 (talk) 22:42, 23 February 2009 (UTC)Ultrasonic220

 * A liberal country should recognize also other languages spoken by minority ethnic groups.--Deguef (talk) 17:13, 27 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Does your comment has any relevance to this article.93.73.16.199 (talk) 11:51, 23 January 2011 (UTC)

Flag
Why isn't File:Zakarpattia-Oblast-flag.gif used in the infobox, and why is there a message stating Please do not include any flags into this field; the province does not have any officially-recognized flags? Can anyone explain this? ☺   Spiby    ☻  15:30, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

The council of this oblast hasn't adopted any flag yet. This is the only oblast in Ukraine without its own flag. Iurii.Fedyshyn (talk)Iurii.Fedyshyn
 * A flag has been adopted! But is is slightish different the the one in the infobox. You can see a picture of the new flag here. — Mariah-Yulia (talk) 23:06, 2 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Oh! Thank you, Mariah-Yulia. This question was interesting for me. I looked throught the news and really this flag was adopted yesterday. Now there is a need to update this article in other languages.Iurii.Fedyshyn (talk) 22:22, 3 March 2009 (UTC)

This was discussed here before. The page you referred, does not contain any color code, it could be a faulty interpretation of a picture on the web page, see also : https://photo.unian.net/photo/189541-zakarpatye-region-s-official-flag-flag-of-ukraine-and-uzhgorod-s-flag. Please give a reference, where it is written in black and white that Zakarpattia Oblast implemented a different color than in Flag of Ukraine. JSoos (talk) 15:01, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Are the official websites of the government and the parliament of the region not authoritative sources? --Лобачев Владимир (talk) 15:11, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * You are correct! It is not! If there is only a picture with no specific reason containing different color than the official Flag of Ukraine then it is supposedly just an administrative mistake by the web administrator of the webpage! JSoos (talk) 15:14, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * If the regional parliament was mistaken and adopted or published the wrong flag or coat of arms, then it is not for us to correct it. We only show the official image as it is. --Лобачев Владимир (talk) 15:17, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * I do not want to argue. If you think you're right, cancel my edition. --Лобачев Владимир (talk) 15:19, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * No, the official flag was correctly represented, in the file you changed. Could you justify, why do you think that the previous editors all are mistakenly wrong both here and both in Commons? Why do you think that Zakarpattia implemented a different color than the State itself? Could you please cite any source which clearly write down that the colors in the flags differ of the state and the oblast? JSoos (talk) 15:25, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Do you have any complaints about the coat of arms too? --Лобачев Владимир (talk) 15:34, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * No, that is correct, it is the same color than the flag of Ukraine. This shows also that there is a mistake on the page you cite, because also in the web page header and also the coat of arm picture is correct, but the picture of the flag was not adjusted to true color representation, that is why I say this is supposedly a mistake of the webadministrator. JSoos (talk) 15:50, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Then why the official image of the coat of arms was removed, and instead of it now the author's version of the Wikipedia editor Alex Tora? --Лобачев Владимир (talk) 16:17, 22 March 2021 (UTC)

Ok that is my mistake. Sorry. JSoos (talk) 16:28, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * And now the flag has the wrong coat of arms. --Лобачев Владимир (talk) 16:35, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
 * You can create a new SVG file with the better COA, however, it is much better to show this than the flag with the wrong color, and COA in the flag is not that important, it is small, and next to it there is COA in big. JSoos (talk) 07:53, 23 March 2021 (UTC)

Some comment about autonomy of Transcarpathia
Here are some comments of an author about this issue. He says that some scholars confuse "autonomy" and "self goverment status", and this is what happened on December 1991 un Ukraine. I think that it is important to include it in the article, because it show other pont of view. Here it is the reference: Kuzio, Taras "The Rusyn Question in Ukraine: sorting out fact from fiction". Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism, XXXII, 2005. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 186.18.132.150 (talk) 02:39, 7 August 2009 (UTC)

Demographics section: Rusyns and/or Ukrainians?
Hi, I replaced the opening sentence of the second paragraph in this section. The text as it stood declared:

"Although ethnic Rusyns are in the majority (80.5%), other ethnic groups are relatively numerous in Zakarpattia."

As source, a reference was included to the English-language pages of the Ukrainian census site, with the 2001 census results for the Zakarpattia region. (I updated the link to those pages, as they changed the URL.) In addition, an editing note was added to say: "2001 Ukrainian Census does not recognise Rusyns as a separate nation, instead, as a subgroup of Ukrainians. Rusyns and the Rusyn language are thus included in Ukrainians and Ukrainian language group."

This was a bit problematic. The census results provided in the source say nothing about what percentage of the population is Rusyn, specifically: they just list 80.5% of the population as being Ukrainian. If the editing note is right that this is because the census did not recognize Rusyns as a separate nationality, and they were subsumed among Ukrainians, that makes sense - but that doesn't make it OK to bluntly declare all of those 80.5% Ukrainians to be Rusyns. That's certainly not substantiated by the source given. Going only on the source, we have no idea how many of those 80.5% people declared Ukrainians are Rusyns, or really just Ukrainians. So I replaced the sentence with a more neutral wording, i.e.:

"Although Ukrainians, including ethnic Rusyns, are in the majority (80.5%), other ethnic groups are relatively numerous in Zakarpattia." No-itsme (talk) 02:39, 28 January 2014 (UTC)

 * Actually, if you delve into the Ukrainian-language 2001 census database, it does have a table with data for the "Distribution in the Transcarpathian region of those identifying themselves as Rusyns and indicating the Rusyn language as a native language," so the editing note isn't actually right. And it lists those people as making up just 0.54% of the total population of Zakarpattia. I suppose that this still leaves the question of how many people might identify themselves as Rusyns but do not speak Rusyn as their native language, but it's not up to Wikipedia to speculate. No-itsme (talk) 02:59, 28 January 2014 (UTC)

Name
Hello fellow Wikipedians! So I was just submitting a minor edit on the Hungarian Wikipedia regarding the Ukrainian and English version of the name of the region, and something caught my attention. I was looking for an English source on this page to support my edit for the English name version and I found none. "Google is youl fliend", said Pontius Pilate to the plebs back in the day, so I did a Google search and it did not retrieve any official source for the name version. (I even ventured to the abandoned wastelands of the Second and the Third pages of the Google search and still nothing.)

So I was wondering, what is the official English name for this region? "Transcarpatia" seems like a rough translation of the Ukrainian version, literally, "Over the Carpathian mountains", while the Hungarian version says "The [bottom] of the Carpathians", which could be best translated to "Subcarpathia". Perhaps the best version would be a Transcarpathia/Subcarpathia OR "Transcarpathia or else, Subcarpathia" kind of name? That would be most precise and encyclopedic in my opinion. What do the Slovekian and Romanian colleges say? I believe in Romanian, the "Transcarpathia" version is used, but how about Slovekian? How do the Slovekian citizens of the region call it?

So I'm going to submit a small edit to the "Name" section of the page, describing this background with the various versions, but I'm not editing the first section until we could come up with a more detailed version that all Wikipedians can agree on. --StarOfFlames (talk) 10:56, 2 March 2014 (UTC)

In Romanian has other names, for the region Marmaţia(Ung to Okna River, Zepmplen(only Ung basin), Bereg,Ugocsa(only north of Tisa and of course Maramureş), for the region between Maramureş and Okna river with Tisa as south border the name is Bârjava, and for Maramureş, Maramureş :). So if you want to name it will probably be „Marmaţia de Nord¸”. But because romanians gone extinct in most part of Bârjava starting with XV century, the region is name Subcarpatia, or Maramureşul de Nord, Subcarpatia(under Carpaţi), but is not a local name is a translation of the name created in XX century. Vasile iuga (talk) 17:28, 3 April 2015 (UTC)

Spelling
Why are we spelling Zakarpattia with a double T when the Cyrillic spelling does not? Constant Pedant (talk) 05:44, 17 March 2020 (UTC)

Recent edits
Azure94,

please stop these unprofessional trials. No, territorial rearrangement have been carried out in 1945.(KIENGIR (talk) 10:13, 24 March 2021 (UTC))
 * No territorial changes in 1945??? Are you Serious? That was the year when the largest territorial changes happened. Carpathian Ruthenia became part of the USSR in that year. You don't seem to know even basic history. You're the one who's acting unprofessional. Azure94 (talk) 10:37, 24 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Sorry, if you don't know that Carpathian Ruthenia was transferred to the Soviet Union in 1945 as part of the Ukrainian SSR, we have nothing to dicuss really...(KIENGIR (talk) 10:55, 24 March 2021 (UTC))
 * And do you remember that it was Czechoslovakia who ceeded it to the Soviet Union? Not Hungary? That's because the USSR did not recognize Hungarian occupation of it, and the moment it was occupied in 1944, it stopped being part of Hungary. Therefore, it is correct to use the name used by both Czechoslovakia and the USSR, and not by Hungary which at that time no longer controlled the town. If you can't understand this then we have nothing to discuss really... Azure94 (talk) 11:01, 24 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Czechoslovakia's cede was a formal act after Czeshoslovakia was recreated, to dismiss any claim Benes' heritage would have been. The USSR recognized Hungary's pre-war borders, however, occupations during war conditions has nothing to with any recognition, since it is evident then they don't respect such things, btw. the whole is not dependent solely on any USSR recognition, since Hungary had to sign to resign of those territories, which she should not have to, if those would not exist. Don't mix occupation with legal affairs.(KIENGIR (talk) 11:20, 24 March 2021 (UTC))

KIENGIR, you're rewriting history. So here's a refresher for you: On June 9, 1942, The Soviet Union joined the rest of the Allies in declaring the pre-1938 Czechoslovak border the only legally valid border. This means that since mid-1942 date, Mukachevo was NOT considered a legal part of Hungary by both the USSR and international law, instead, it was treated as illegally occupied territory of Czechoslovakia. Thus, your claim that the USSR still legally recognized Hungary's annexation in 1944, when it already liberated Mukachevo, is factually incorrect. The post-WW2 transfer you previously mentioned was between Czechoslovakia and the USSR, and not between Hungary and the USSR. Wikipedia articles need to strive to be NPOV, and when it comes to using the names of cities in areas that changed hands, it's important to use the name that was in that year recognized by international law. For many years, this article had the following sentence: "On 26 November 1944 in Mukacheve took place the First Congress of People's Committees of Zakarpattia Ukraine". As you can see, this sentence originally used an earlier historic spelling for Mukachevo, fitting for the time period when it was controlled by the Soviet Union, after their army liberated this Czechoslovak territory from Hungarian occupation, an occupation that the USSR and international law considered illegal. Then, in February of this year, you suddenly changed it to the Hungarian form "Munkács", and put the Ukrainian name into brackets. In doing this, you expressed your refusal to accept how the international law and Allied forces viewed the towns status in 1944, and instead decided to recognize Hungary's illegal irredentist view, even though Hungary no longer controlled the city at this point. Your decision to do this is baffling, and can be only explained by the fact you're simply pushing your biased nationalist POV (it's not a surprise to me that you're a self-identified Hungarian). In short, your POV edit was done to give the appearance that Wikipedia claims that in 1944 Mukachevo was a legal part of Hungary that the USSR was "illegally" occupying. My edit was done to restore the previous consensus that existed for many years on this article, the consensus that you unilaterally ignored this February. If you will refuse to revert your POV edit, you will leave me with no other choice but to take this issue to higher places. Azure94 (talk) 19:54, 25 March 2021 (UTC)
 * I did not rewrite anything. The Soviet Union and rest of the Allies declarations are non-binding to the international law, especially in war conditions dozens of such happened vica-versa from both sides, even contradicting ones, mutual agreement needed in order to change the status quo, per the international law itself (which indeed represented the pre-war status quo). Moreover, I did not say what you try to identify I said. In 1945, Hungary signed the resignation of the territory, and as Czechoslovakia was recreated, the transfer has been as well signed between her and the Soviet Union. Hence the rest of your overheated contemplations were not necessary, yes WP:NPOV is very important which unfortunately you did not really follow, as well due lack of expertise knowledge in the subject, for which we have seen numerous examples. I am sorry you did not drop personal attacks as well, it's a pity.(KIENGIR (talk) 03:24, 26 March 2021 (UTC))
 * Again with the rewriting of history by you. Hungary could not legally cede territory they had no right to in the first place. You also have a complete misunderstanding of what international law is. As I already said before, The Vienna Arbitration was declared invalid in 1942, and as such, Mukachevo was from then on considered occupied Czechoslovak territory. It's also frankly incredibly hypocritical of you to complain about personal attacks while you falsely accuse me of a lack of expertise and knowledge, in broken English no less! Anyway, I have no choice but to conclude that you're trying to push irredentist Hungarian POV by forcing a Hungarian name for a Czechoslovak town liberated by the Soviet Union armed forces. I will seek out help and a review of your repeated POV edits. Azure94 (talk) 18:30, 26 March 2021 (UTC)

Per WP:WIAN, the most widely accepted name should be used. Seeing as in 1944, after Mukachevo was liberated and years after the Vienna Arbitration was annulled by the Allies, the only one using the Hungarian variant was Hungary and Germany. Everyone else called it Mukachevo. Azure94 (talk) 18:55, 26 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Might I add:
 * 1) This is English Wikipedia, addressed to an audience of native English speakers — Americans, Britons, Australians etc. 99%+ of them have not heard of Mukachevo or Munkács. From that viewpoint, one meaningless name is enough, it’s not like we’re talking about London, Birmingham or Seattle. The only effect of the second name, really, is cluttering up the text and interrupting the flow.
 * 2) Nothing in WP:MOS, WP:NPOV, WP:PLACE or other relevant policies requires two names. There is simply no such obligation, and I see no compelling reason to do it. If readers want to know alternative names for the city, they need do no more than click Mukachevo. — Biruitorul Talk 20:09, 26 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Azure94,
 * repeating the same mistakes does not help. Hungary had legally right on the territory, and the basics of the international law is that status quo changes are concluded with mutual agreement. Any allied declaration did not have mutual agreement, moreover Czechoslovakia did not exist in 1942, about hypocrisy you should better silence, since a few pages you reinforced your erroneous assertions on many topics, about just a bit wiser historian would amaze (not to even to mention that contradiction that if your conclusion would have been true, then Hungary would not had to resign on the territory, anyway fully the issue was resolved only in 1947). Biruitorul, we all now about WP:HISTORICALNAMES, and the standard to put in brackets the historical and modern name, it is fully fullfilled, as a possible option, how interesting why you forget to mention this...(sigh).(KIENGIR (talk) 20:32, 26 March 2021 (UTC))
 * KIENGIR, WP:HISTORICALNAMES pertains to English name, and Mukachevo happens to have about 1,050,000 results through Google, whereas to Munkács which has only 334,000 results. Also, Czechoslovakia did exist, as an occupied state and an government in exile. The Allies continued to recognize Czechoslovakia and pointedly refused to recognize the Bohemian Protectorate or the Slovak State, as per international law which considered Nazi Germany's occupation of Czechoslovakia to be illegal. And since you're now bringing up "physical, de facto existence" as your point, I would like to remind you that in 1944 Hungary no longer controlled Mukachevo, that means that by your own criteria Hungary didn't "exist" on the land where Mukachevo lies. So your attempt to appeal to "de facto" status only undermines your own claim. Another point, Hungary had nothing to "resign", as their claim to Mukacevho was invalidated in 1942 by law, when the Arbitration was annulled, and by force in 1944, when they were ejected from the city. That's the reason why the sentence at the center of this dispute mentions the First Congress of People's Committees of Zakarpattia Ukraine, which happened in Mukachevo because it was now legally de jure and de facto no longer part of Hungary. Azure94 (talk) 22:20, 26 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Biruitorul, Mukachevo is also the modern name of the town, so suffice to say that more Americans, Britons, Australians etc. have heard of this, than its temporary Hungarian name during its WW2 Hungarian annexation. Azure94 (talk) 22:20, 26 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Nothing in WP:HISTORICALNAMES requires the presence of the name by which the city was briefly known while under the occupation of a murderous regime. That’s just a diversion.
 * Azure94, you are of course correct. To the small extent the Anglophone world knows about this place, it knows it as Mukachevo. — Biruitorul Talk 22:37, 26 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Azure, your argumentation is again flawed the policy I cited may be used for names in historical context, and it has nothing to do with about what google shows. The fact you repeat again your mistaken thories which have been already proven wrong, again does not help. Czechoslovaka did not exist as an occupied state, since the country ceased to exist before World War II. Much later, the Allies recognized a Government-in-exile which was mean a further base for the recreation of future Czeshoslovak state. You again erronouesly believe that one-way wartime declarations would effect international law, but it does not with lack of mutual agreement (to say nothing of Germany did not occupy Czechoslovakia, but acquired the Sudetenland and later the Protectorate was formed, that's her part). I already told you it is not about control, but belonging, nevertheless before the Red Army arrived, were under Hungarian control in fact. So you again repeat your 1942 mistake. Sorry, there are official documents of the resignation of the territory of 1945, so this chapter is over, sorry, it has been part of of Hungary then.
 * Biruitorul, I am really sorry about your recently continuous bad faith behavior, and your nice "euphemism", about "diversion", in fact you are the one who is not reading carefully, since I talked about an option. As part of the wikietiquette, we are long over that time when some editors by nationalist reasons tackle contemporary names, or any futher names, but we respect that, as well widely in Romania or any other related articles, shall it be any time of history, even during WWII, which you even even know and apply, but don't worry, I fully understand your motives, which is not connected to this issue, but better to me.(KIENGIR (talk) 09:38, 27 March 2021 (UTC))
 * "Czechoslovaka did not exist as an occupied state" makes you sound like you're following Axis view on how Europe should look like. Anyway, KIENGIR's banned now, so unless there are other editors who agree with him I'm gonna go and restore my edit. Azure94 (talk) 08:51, 30 March 2021 (UTC)

Some statement should be checked about history ofbterritory
Every nation has their own history of territory based on current political attitudes. One example: about this kind of terror after Hungarian occupation, we can read only in Ukrainian sources. I can not found any clue in Hungarian or other European or USSR sources about 27000 people were shot dead. Moreover, it is unidentifiable what is the source of the linked article so use of this source is not met with scientific expectation.

I guess occupation was not bloodiness but this count of terror should be documented by other nations and should be visible in death rate as well. I advise clarification of this statement. 2A01:36D:118:8FB7:1D8E:1B74:6B4:8CDC (talk) 20:42, 19 November 2021 (UTC)

More info on Jewish community?
Would it be out of place to add more information on the historical Jewish community of Zakarpattya as it seems unfair such a large part of Transcarpathian history is reduced to two sentences mentioning the Holocaust. IF anyone has any suggestions for possible sources to add more lmk, otherwise I will do some research :) thanks — Preceding unsigned comment added by Troll empire chief (talk • contribs) 20:28, 10 December 2021 (UTC)

Hungarian plain
Ukranian and Russian nationalists, forcefully annexed the Hungarian plain to the zakarpatti oblast, despite the linguistic, geographic & historic contrast between the Hungarian populated Hungarian plain and the East Slavic populated Carpathian highlands. Forcefully calling the Hungarian plain the Carpathian will not change the fact that the open Hungarian plain will never ever become Carpathian, you will find out soon. Zagabor (talk) 17:44, 15 March 2022 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
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Name of article vs first sentence
Hello all,

Should the first line and infobox of this article be changed to line up with the title (in line with the other oblasts of Ukraine), that is, replacing "Zakarpatska" with "Zakarpattia" in the English version? Bayonet-lightbulb (talk) 04:41, 6 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zakarpattia Oblast


text:
Talk:Zaporizhzhia Oblast

Move to Zaporizhzhia Oblast
In accordance with the policy set forth at the WikiProject: Ukrainian subdivisions, I request that this article be moved to Zaporizhzhia Oblast from Zaporizhia Oblast, as wikipedia lists Ukrainian oblasts per the name of their administrative center, in this case Zaporizhzhia.--tufkaa 20:46, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

 * No, it should be the other way around. "Zaporizhzhia" should be moved into "Zaporizhia" if we follow the simplified National transliteration system . Please take a look on WP:UKR. -- KPbIC 03:26, 13 July 2006 (UTC)

Very confusing, but I'm ok with it so long as it's consistent.--tufkaa 03:48, 13 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Let me clarify. It's "Zaporizhzhia" if we go by the official National transliteration system, and it's "Zaporizhia" if we go according to the official simplified National system (double "ж" transliterates into single "zh"). There are other possibilities too. But "Zaporizhzhia" vs. "Zaporizhia" is a particular case. I'm advocating for sticking with clear rules of transliteration. If you have time, please express your opinion on WP:UKR. -- KPbIC 06:43, 13 July 2006 (UTC)

Where is double "ж" being transliterated into single "zh"? Link, please. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.254.7.254 (talk) 09:20, 20 August 2008 (UTC)
 * The actual name of the *city* is Запорiжжя. That has a double ж.  24.143.10.70 (talk) 04:50, 8 March 2018 (UTC)

 * Why not Zaporizka Oblast? Let me clarify. Запорiжжя is the name of the capital city. Запорiзька is the adjective from the noun Запорiжжя, and the official name of the oblast. The names of all Ukrainian oblasts are obtained in this manner (adjective + noun "oblast"). --Nazar Saman (talk) 14:29, 1 April 2009 (UTC)

 * I concur. The transliteration Zaporiz'ka oblast’ is incorrect.  Zaporizka oblast is correct.  24.143.10.70 (talk) 04:50, 8 March 2018 (UTC)
 * 1) The reason this thread has not been followed up on since 2009 is because Wikipedia follows WP:COMMONNAME, and the common name in the English language is "Zaporizhia Oblast". 2) The transliteration system for Ukrainian can be found at WP:UKROM. The geographic transliteration system, specifically, is covered here. --Iryna Harpy (talk) 19:39, 10 March 2018 (UTC)

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Translation error in Economics section?
The economics section makes two mentions of contributions to "airborne forces" that don't really make sense when you read the details, e.g.: "The main types of economic activity that form the airborne forces of the oblast are: industry (including the supply of electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning) - 41%; agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; wholesale and retail trade - 10.4%; real estate transactions - 6%." Obviously things like "real estate transactions" have nothing to do with a nation's airborne forces, so I'm guessing this was a machine translation error. I don't speak Ukrainian so I can't guess what term got mis-translated as "airborne forces", but I'm guessing it's something like GNP/GDP? Felice Enellen (talk) 15:57, 7 May 2021 (UTC)
 * ✅ The Ukrainian abbreviation VDV means both “gross value added” and “airborne forces.” —Michael Z. 19:04, 7 May 2021 (UTC)

To add to article
To add to this article: the motive, ethnicity, political affiliation, etc. of the individuals suspected of plotting to blow up a railway line in Zaporizhzhia Oblast in 2014. 173.88.246.138 (talk) 01:58, 16 February 2022 (UTC)

Name
Seeing as almost half the population (48.2%) speaks Russian, according to your own encyclopedia, the article should obviously have both the Ukrainian and Russian names of the oblast, at least in the bracket in the opening paragraph. Even in the ethnic breakdown, 40% of the population consider themselves Russian. Stick to your own standards that are applied in other articles and fix this please. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 178.220.205.218 (talk) 11:21, 19 April 2022 (UTC)

 * That’s factually incorrect. In the 2001 census, a 50 percent called their native language Ukrainian, 48 percent Russian. That is not the same as speaking the language: have to find polls to determine that, and you’d find that many are bilingual.
 * As of August 2022 in the 5 oblasts of southern Ukraine, 24% speak Ukrainian at home, 23% Russian, 51% both languages (p 31), 98% consider Ukrainian their native language, 30% Russian, 66% both Ukrainian and Russian (p 33). The survey also has some interesting information about identity and attitudes.
 * But language is a learned skill, not an identity. In the same 2001 census, 71 percent identified themselves as Ukrainian, 25 percent as Russian. Over two decades since, the proportion of Russian identification in Ukraine has decreased (don’t have a source at hand).
 * For the census results, see Запорізька_область. —Michael Z. 18:31, 24 September 2022 (UTC)

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Zaporozhye oblast
Hi

If Zaporizhzhia is annexed, we should create a new article Zaporozhye oblast about Russian annexed region.

 * This looks like an invalid RfC - your description suggests that nothing has happened yet?  Rema goxer  (talk) 16:37, 24 September 2022 (UTC)
 * No reliable sources support any such plans for a new article. —Michael Z. 18:12, 24 September 2022 (UTC)
 * annexation will by announced on Wednesday. So it is a current event. RfC will last weeks not only 4 days. Panam2014 (talk) 19:19, 24 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Which sources say that a new “Zaporozhye oblast” distinct from Zaporizhzhia Oblast will appear on Wednesday, or at any other time? —Michael Z. 00:09, 25 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Heavily disagree, as Zaporizhzhia Oblast is likely to still be considered part of Ukraine by the international community, and the situation on the ground is almost certainly going to change in either direction over the coming few months (for both this Oblast, and others.) Vulpicula (talk) 22:14, 27 September 2022 (UTC)
 * we have articles for Donetsk People's Republic and Republic of Crimea. Panam2014 (talk) 14:09, 29 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Those are both fundamentally articles about criminal quasi-government organizations. The equivalent of it in this region is the Zaporizhzhia military–civilian administration, and the article about it is Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast.
 * No, it’s not completely consistent and equivalent. For example, there is (I think) only one article about Sevastopol, which, like Crimea, is a geographical place, a legal municipal government in Ukraine, and a criminal quasi-government organization of the Russian occupation: the city is part of the peninsula of Crimea, but administratively it belongs to neither the legal Autonomous Republic of Crimea nor the occupation Republic of Crimea. There are also articles on historical governments, such as Crimea in the Soviet Union, Crimean People’s Republic, etcetera. —Michael Z. 21:04, 29 September 2022 (UTC)

Education section needs a rewrite.
Unsourced, unencyclopediac, possibly to the point of warranting removal if nobody familiar with the topic (or willing to spend an hour or two) wishes to look at it.

I've flagged it as such, but don't have the time or personal familiarity to improve it myself. Vulpicula (talk) 22:14, 27 September 2022 (UTC)]
 * I was wondering why that tag was there. The tag is definitely justified for the education section. Jargo Nautilus (talk) 09:45, 9 October 2022 (UTC)

This article will not be moved
I am expecting some people to come up with the idea of renaming this article to Zaporizhzhia Oblast (Ukraine) now that we have Zaporozhye Oblast (russia) (which will probably get moved to use Zaporizhzhia too). Think twice. The vast, huge majority of English sources still refer to the Ukrainian administrative unit when referring to the name "Zaporizhzhia Oblast". Such a move would only serve to create a false balance between Ukraine and russia, unwarranted due to russia's illegal and violent annexation of the region, which I believe would look more justified here in Wikipedia with such a move. Super  Ψ   Dro  08:20, 2 October 2022 (UTC)

 * The problem has been solved now that the article "Zaporozhye Oblast (Russia)" has been deleted for the foreseeable future (it might come back later). Jargo Nautilus (talk) 09:44, 9 October 2022 (UTC)

Am I blessed or cursed?
I'm arithmetically blessed, in being able to mentally take the square root of 27,183 km2 rather quickly, so I can estimate the missing map scale well enough.

But I guess I'm also cursed, because even after I quickly estimate the missing map scale, my head continues to explode that the map scale was missing in the first place. — MaxEnt 15:22, 9 June 2023 (UTC)

Edit Request: Head of Oblast Council
Samardak is no longer the head, now it is Olena Zhuk (Жук Олена Юріївна). Please replace it in infobox. Keneris ☎  11:06, 12 July 2023 (UTC)

Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Xan747 (talk) 15:57, 13 July 2023 (UTC)

 * Here is link to Zaporizhzhia Oblast Council: https://zor.gov.ua/content/vpershe-v-istoriyi-zaporizkoyi-oblasnoyi-rady-yiyi-ochilnyceyu-stala-zhinka Keneris ☎  19:54, 13 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting comment.svg Note: Per WP:RSUE, please provide an English translation for this source. Spintendo  03:37, 14 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Here is:

For the first time in the history of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Council, a woman became its head (VIDEO)

At midnight on 24 December, the deputies of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Council of the 8th convocation elected Olena Zhuk as the chairperson of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Council by secret ballot.

The 35-year-old Olena Zhuk, who was elected to the Zaporizhzhia Oblast Council from the Servant of the People political party, received 46 votes.

- "Today, they didn't elect me. Today they chose reason, compromise and constructiveness. I am planning to work on the regional budget," commented Olena Zhuk on her election.

- "Next, we will launch the work of the council, which was supposed to start working three weeks ago. We will prove that we know how to work and work constructively," she said.

The newly elected head of the Zaporizhzhia Oblast Council's absolute priority is to adopt the budget of Zaporizhzhia Oblast by the end of this year.

The plenary meeting of the first session of the Zaporizhzhia Oblast Council is in progress - the deputies are planning to determine the composition of the standing committees.

Communications Department of Zaporizhzhia Oblast Council

--Keneris ☎  09:43, 14 July 2023 (UTC)

✅ Xan747 (talk) 15:54, 14 July 2023 (UTC)

Edit Request: Subdivisions
The "Subdivisions" section is out of date. Please synchronise it with this Ukrainian Wikipedia article: Адміністративний устрій Запорізької області due new administrative division of 2020: https://www.zoda.gov.ua/news/51589/stvoreno-atlas-administrativno-teritorialnogo-ustroju-zaporizkoji-oblasti.html --Keneris ☎  20:02, 13 July 2023 (UTC)

Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate.

You will have to provide a translation of the part of Ukrainian Wikipedia you want to synchronize, and a translation of the source which supports it--and you don't need to translate the entire source, just the part that supports the text you want changed. Xan747 (talk) 16:00, 14 July 2023 (UTC)

Edit Request: NUZP image
There is a mistake in "Education" paragraph. Here is image File:College Pic01.jpg. This is image of Zaporizhzhia Electrotechnical College of the National University "Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic", it is not National University "Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic" itself, its their college. Please, replace it to real photo of main building of this university: File:Nuzp-photo(2020)-001.jpg --Keneris ☎  17:07, 24 December 2023 (UTC)

 * ✅  Delta  space 42 (talk • contribs) 21:45, 24 December 2023 (UTC)

RU/UA administration distinguishing
Recommend to add following code at top of page to distinguish Russian and Ukrainian Administrations of territory (same as in case of Republic of Crimea/Autonomous Republic of Crimea).

I don't have the ability to edit this page at the moment, if someone else may do so (or dispute my suggestion!) I'd appreciate it. EVaDiSh (talk) 11:24, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Ukrainian is not considered an official language there by Russian authorities so I am not sure if "Zaporizhzhia Oblast" would ever be used to refer to the Russian occupational administration rather than the Ukrainian subdivision. Mellk (talk) 03:19, 2 February 2024 (UTC)

"Zaporozhye Oblast" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zaporozhye_Oblast&redirect=no Zaporozhye Oblast] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Jay 💬 14:04, 3 April 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Zaporizhzhia Oblast


text:
Talk:Zhytomyr Oblast

Location map
Gzornenplatz, please let us try out the new maps for a bit? Steschke has put a lot of work into them.

How is the old one clearer? Is it just the lower contrast that bothers you? Maybe it just needs to be larger?

The new ones have the advantage of additional context: you can see which oblasts border what countries, and where the Dnieper flows. They also visually work with the other political maps Steschke has done (e.g., at Subdivisions of Ukraine).

For comparison, old & new map images, at 125px width.

PS: please have a look at WikiProject Ukrainian subdivisions, and comment on some of the other work we're doing. Cheers.

—Michael Z. 07:54, 2004 Nov 1 (UTC)

 * The old ones followed a standard that has been used in the locator maps for the subdivisions of many countries. Is Steschke going to change them all? I don't think the country borders and rivers are worth it. And I don't like this shading style in general. Shading in maps is normally used to show elevations. The way it's used here is useless eye candy at best and misleading at worst. Gzornenplatz 08:01, Nov 1, 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't think the old colour scheme for the Ukrainian location maps is strictly a standard. A convention is being developed at WikiProject Maps, but there's no requirement for WP maps to conform to any particular style (and many don't).

 * The new maps contain more information than the old, and I don't really think anyone will confuse them with elevation maps. I'm sorry that the style doesn't appeal to you.

 * —Michael Z. 08:19, 2004 Nov 1 (UTC)

 * I didn't say there's a "requirement" to follow the standard, but it is a standard nonetheless. Look at some other country subdivision maps, almost all are in the same style. So there should be a good reason to use a different style, and I don't think this is one. Those are locator maps, there isn't supposed to be "more information" than showing the location of the subdivisions within the country. The river is rather arbitrary (why not other rivers, or whatever other details you could add), it only confuses the oblast boundaries. Gzornenplatz 08:33, Nov 1, 2004 (UTC)

 * I must say that the new maps of Ukraine are really great. To me they look much nicer than those simplistic default ones, used by everyone around just because there are no better maps available. I wish I could make such a great maps for Poland too.

 * Also, I don't understand the objections of Gzornenplatz. Here he argues that the "default ones" are good. On recent Images for Deletion query he argued that the "default ones" are bad. What's the problem? [[User:Halibutt|Halibutt]] 14:35, Nov 1, 2004 (UTC)

Feb 19 edits
Copyedit & linkfixing. Removed the following passage:

Żytomierzczyna in Polish

because this article deals with the administrative unit of independent Ukraine and former USSR. So it's irrelevant to the Polish history (unlike Polissya for example). Moreover, the province has never been officially named in Polish. Besides, that passage is linguistically incorrect: to the best of my humble Pols'ka knowledge, Żytomierzczyna is a colloquial name for the area, not for the formal subnational unit like oblast'. In case of need, you Poles link the page of the respective voivodship here. Best wishes, AlexPU

Ukrainian Oblast's Infobox and raion names

 * cross-posted from user talk:Irpen

I think we need the new inobox for Ukrainian Oblasts. I inserted flag and CoA of Zhytomyr Oblast, but without an infobox it seems...

If you want - create this infobox, please- then I will try to find more flags and CoAs.

Secundo: Could you check English names for the raions in Zhytomyr Oblast. Cheers! Vuvar1 18:57, 26 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Hi! As for the names of raions, perhaps we should just follow the name of the oblasts convention and list names in noun forms of the capital, like "Бердичівський район" would be Berdychiv Raion rather than Berdychivskyi raion, etc. Let's wait a little for opinions.

 * As for the infobox, I think your idea of updating to make room for the CoA and flag is a great one. I just have no experience with this whatsoever and almost don't know what an infobox is. But we have a much greater expert :) among the authors of UA related articles. I will ask him to take a look. Cheers, -Irpen 03:08, Jun 27, 2005 (UTC)

 * That's starting to be quite a lot of stuff to put in the infobox. Perhaps the flag and arms should be quite small, side-by-side.  Above or below the maps?  —Michael Z. 2005-06-28 07:33 Z
 * I am not sure whether to place flags and CoAs above or below. Whatever others find aesthetically pleasing. Is it a bad idea to name raions by noun forms of the capital? We use this convention for oblasts name already. That would then be Korosten Raion, Berdychiv Raion, etc. -Irpen June 28, 2005 14:23 (UTC)

 * I think you're right about the naming. Each raion article would have the Ukrainian name and transliteration, although we could also include that here, or in a separate List of raions of Ukraine (List of Ukrainian raions?). I've updated the list, with full transliterations here, for now.

 * Regarding the infobox, the one in Odessa Oblast is already set up with a coat of arms. Adding the flag would make it even taller.  It's not terrible, but I'd rather present these in a more compact way.  I have a very busy week, so I probably won't be able to experiment with this until the weekend.  —Michael Z. 2005-06-28 15:17 Z

 * I corrected the raion names to the names of the capitals. I had to go to ukrainian wiki since I haven't heard of many of these small towns. I think, it is correct now, but if I made a mistake, someone will correct it. As for the infoboxes, I leave it up to others. Still, we could keep adding CoA's to various UA locations, and once this gets standartized, the layout can be modified. There is certainly no question, I hope, that having flags and CoA's in the articles is a good idea. List of raions in Ukraine would largely duplicate the current article List of cities in Ukraine. Maybe we could merge these ideas and have the locations listed by Oblast, Raion in one article? Cheers, -Irpen June 28, 2005 19:23 (UTC)

 * Woops; thanks for fixing my mangling of the raion names. See what happens when I edit without actually reading?  —Michael Z. 2005-06-29 00:18 Z

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Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Cherkasy Oblast which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 17:02, 12 May 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zhytomyr Oblast


text:
Talk:Virginia Commonwealth University

Thumbnail image size
An unregistered editor is insisting that thumbnail images in this article have their size specified in pixels. Our image use policy explicitly says: "Except with very good reason, do not use  (e.g.  ), which forces a fixed image width measured in pixels, disregarding the user's image size preference setting. [emphasis in original] "

If this editor has an objection to this policy or a "very good reason" to specify the size of thumbnail images in this article in pixels, they are invited to discuss that here. But merely making these edits with no discussion whatsoever, not even edit summaries, is not acceptable in this collaborative project. ElKevbo (talk) 02:03, 11 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Virginia Commonwealth University


text:
Talk:Sevastopol

May 2017, separate agreement
The WP article affirms "A separate agreement established the terms of a long-term lease of land, facilities, and resources in Sevastopol and the Crimea by Russia. "

Posibly, it was the Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet, signed on May 28, 2017. But this is uncertain because the template:cn was added when the latter article just existed. The related description doesn't clarify if it is the thereaty to which the article is referred. Regards, Theologian81sp

title: Talk:Sevastopol


text:
Levi Addison Ault

Levi Addison Ault (November 1851 – February 1930) was a Canadian-born American businessman and bureaucrat whose career was closely associated with the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, where he earned the nickname "Father of Cincinnati's parks".

Biography
Born in Mille Roches, Province of Canada to a successful fabric manufacturer, Ault moved to Wisconsin in his teens, where he worked as a bookkeeper. In 1876, he moved to Cincinnati and took a job as a lampblack salesman.

Two years later, Ault and his business partner Frank Wiborg incorporated Ault & Wiborg, an ink manufacturer that became the world's top producer and supplier of inks and lithograph supplies. In 1928, Ault sold his share in the company for $14 million ($0 today) .

In the mid-1920s, Ault was offered an ambassadorship by U.S. President Warren G. Harding, but he declined.

Ault was also an avid naturalist, whose passion for parks led him to join Cincinnati's parks board. He served as chair of the board from 1908 to 1926, and donated 204 acres (825,000 m2) of land to the city to create Ault Park. Twenty acres (21,000 m2) not donated by Ault himself were later added to this park as well.

He also donated a family property on Sheek's Island to the Township of Cornwall, which also became known as Ault Park.

In 1958, 28 years after Ault's death, Sheek's Island and Ault's birthplace in Mille Roches were submerged by construction on the St. Lawrence Seaway project. With the help of Ault's surviving family, Ault Park was rebuilt on the new river shoreline near Long Sault, and is home to a historical museum commemorating The Lost Villages.

title: Levi Addison Ault


text:
William Paul Quinn

William Paul Quinn (10 April 1788 – 21 February 1873) was born in India and immigrated to the United States, where he became the fourth bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the first independent black denomination in the United States when founded in 1816 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

In 1836 Quinn was assigned as a missionary to what was known as the Northwest, specifically Indiana and Ohio, although he also traveled to Illinois and Missouri. He settled in Richmond, Indiana as his base, founding an AME Church there and several throughout these states. In 1844 he was elected as bishop and in 1849 as Senior Bishop of the church.

Early life and education
By his own account, Quinn was said to have been born in Calcutta, India to an Indian family. An 1851 affidavit said his mother was Egyptian and his father was Spanish, who were involved in the mahogany trade. He was introduced to Christianity by a Quaker missionary in India and went to England, where he took an English name. He immigrated to the United States as a young man by 1808 and became active with an AME Church in New Jersey. He was part of its founding as a denomination in 1816.

Religious career
Quinn came to the US by 1808, when he became involved in the AME Church in New Jersey. He was among the founders of the denomination in 1816, the first black independent denomination in the United States. According to that account, he was ordained a deacon in 1818. His wife was Mary Jane Quinn.

In 1836 Quinn was assigned as a missionary to the Northwest Territory, and traveled throughout Indiana and Ohio to plant congregations. He is also credited with helping found the Brooklyn AME Church in Brooklyn, Illinois. Now called the Quinn's Chapel AME Church, it is thought to be the earliest AME Church west of the Appalachian Mountains. Brooklyn was an early black village founded on the Mississippi River across from St. Louis, Missouri.

Quinn settled with his wife in Richmond, Indiana, which he used as a base for his missionary work. Quinn became an elder in 1838. They founded the Bethel A.M.E. Church in Richmond, as well as similar churches in Dublin, Newport (now Fountain City), and Cambridge City, Indiana, and most of the AME churches in Ohio and Indiana.

On May 19, 1844, due to his success in planting churches in the Northwest, the General Conference of the church elected him a bishop. He became the Senior Bishop of the church in May 1849, serving until his death in Richmond on February 3, 1873. During that period, another 47 AME congregations were established from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to California.

Quinn was known for saying that the Divine Command theory should be accepted without question, because God could be seen as always doing the right thing; even if he does not appear to be doing the right thing, the end outcome will be good.

Quinn was buried at Earlham Cemetery in Richmond.

Legacy and honors
Paul Quinn College, the oldest historically black college in Texas, was named after him. It was founded in Austin, Texas in 1872 by AME Church members to educate freedmen and later moved to Waco, Texas. In 1991 Paul Quinn College moved to Dallas, Texas, where it remains today.

title: William Paul Quinn


text:
Northside station

Northside station is a station on the Metrorail rapid transit service in Gladeview, Florida. This station is located near the intersection of 79th Street (SR 934) and Northwest 31st Avenue, opening to service May 19, 1985.

Places of interest

 * Northside Shopping Plaza
 * Flea Market USA
 * Walmart supercenter
 * Ross Dress for Less
 * West Little River

title: Northside station


text:
Better Luck Tomorrow

Better Luck Tomorrow is a 2002 American independent crime drama film directed by Justin Lin. The film is about Asian American overachievers who become bored with their lives and enter a world of petty crime and material excess. Better Luck Tomorrow's cast include Parry Shen, Jason Tobin, Sung Kang, Roger Fan, and John Cho. The film tells a fictional story of youth violence, drawing inspiration from several sources, including the Columbine shootings and the murder of Stuart Tay, a teenager from Orange County, California.

Crucial funding for the film came from MC Hammer, whom Lin had met in April 2001 at the National Association of Broadcasters convention in Las Vegas, Nevada. "Out of desperation, I called up MC Hammer because he had read the script and liked it. Two hours later, he wired the money we needed into a bank account and saved us," Lin said. MC Hammer is credited as a producer of the film.

Better Luck Tomorrow debuted at the 2002 Sundance Film Festival, and was subsequently acquired by MTV Films, its first acquisition. MTV Films worked with Paramount Pictures to release the film theatrically in the United States on April 11, 2003.

Plot
Ben Manibag is a stereotypical overachieving Asian American in a wealthy Orange County suburb whose goals are to make his high school basketball team, get with his cheerleader crush Stephanie and to get into a prestigious Ivy League university. His perfectionism masks another side of his life, which is toilet-papering houses with his best friend Virgil and engaging in petty crime with Virgil's cousin Han Lue.

Though Ben makes the basketball team, he ends up being mostly a benchwarmer. Through Daric Loo, senior valedictorian and president of nearly every student club, Ben gets involved in a school-wide cheat sheet operation. Daric pays Jesus, another student, to steal the tests from the school office, and Ben uses the tests to make cheat sheets which are then sold off to students. Ben brings Virgil and Han into the racket, and the four of them make a small fortune. Meanwhile, Ben finds himself competing with Steve Choe, a private school student and Stephanie's boyfriend, for Stephanie's affections. Steve discovers Ben's crush and offers to let him take Stephanie to the Winter Formal.

The group's activities gradually escalate into more dangerous crimes, such as the theft of computer parts from the school and selling drugs. They become users themselves, with Ben developing a heavy cocaine habit. Feeling increasingly conflicted by the expectations others have of him, and horrified at waking up with a nosebleed due to his cocaine use, Ben decides to quit the group. He resumes his academic pursuits and begins spending more time with Stephanie. He eventually asks her to the formal; she accepts.

After the Winter Formal dance, Ben is lured back to his life of crime when Steve meets with Ben and tells him he has information on a possible score. The group is stunned when Steve reveals he wants them to rob his parents' house. Though Ben and Han are initially against it, Daric convinces the group this would be the perfect opportunity to teach the haughty Steve a lesson.

On New Year's Eve, the four meet Steve at Jesus's house under the pretense of robbing Steve's parents, but Daric, Virgil and Han begin attacking Steve while Ben keeps watch outside. In the ensuing struggle Steve gets Virgil's gun which goes off. Ben runs in and, seeing the gun in Steve's hand, beats Steve with a baseball bat. The group convinces Jesus to bury the body in his backyard for $300. Steve begins to twitch, revealing he's still alive, but Daric suffocates Steve with a gasoline-soaked rag while a tearful Virgil holds his arms back. Afterwards, the four go to a New Year's Eve party, where Ben and Stephanie kiss at midnight.

The next day, while cleaning up the aftermath of the murder, Ben and Virgil hear Steve's phone ringing under the ground in Jesus's backyard. They dig it up and learn it was a call from Stephanie. Ben debates on whether to report Steve's murder to the police. The guilt over Steve's murder is too much for Virgil, who attempts suicide, but fails and suffers potential brain damage. Daric expresses concern about Han or Virgil reporting the murder, but Ben simply resolves to do nothing and walks away.

At the end of the film, Ben is shown alone. He encounters Stephanie one day on the way home. She asks him whether he has seen Steve lately, and expresses some concern that he has not called. They kiss, implying the resumption of their relationship. Ben's voice-over tells the audience that he has no idea about what the future holds, but all he knows is that there is no turning back.

Cast

 * Parry Shen as Ben Manibag, a straight-A student who commits petty crimes to express himself in other ways
 * Jason Tobin as Virgil Hu, Ben's friend since the fourth grade
 * Sung Kang as Han Lue, Virgil's cousin
 * Roger Fan as Daric Loo, the violent, self-centered, senior class valedictorian
 * John Cho as Steve Choe, Stephanie's boyfriend
 * Karin Anna Cheung as Stephanie Vandergosh
 * Jerry Mathers as the biology teacher
 * Ryan Cadiz as Jesus Navarro

Production
Justin Lin said that the title Better Luck Tomorrow refers to how the film explores "the whole youth culture of today, specifically Asian-American, but also just the general mentality of teenagers today. I mean, I work with teenagers, I grew up in the 80s, and already it's very different, the mentality. You go to suburbia, you look at upper-middle-class-kids, and through the media they've literally adopted an urban-gangsta-mentality."

While writing the script, he found inspiration in his work as a youth basketball coach and teaching high school students how to make community documentaries.

Originally the film was going to be shot in digital-video, but within two weeks, after Fujifilm and later Kodak proposed deals with the director, the filming switched to 35 mm.

Sung Kang had originally wanted to play Ben Manibag.

Lin's original investors wanted a white cast with Macaulay Culkin as the male lead if he wanted a million dollar investment for his movie. Lin objected and continued to fund the project with his 10 credit cards and life savings. He said knowing the film "potentially could've been the last film I ever made" he wanted to make it "about issues that were very important to me."

After those funds were depleted, finishing funds equivalent to one third of the film's budget were provided by Cherry Sky Films for post-production, preparing the film to submit to Sundance, after producer Joan Huang reconnected with Lin at the LA Asian Pacific American Film Festival. Lin also brought in an additional $10,000 from artist MC Hammer, whom he had met while working at the Japanese American National Museum.

Connection to the Fast & Furious franchise
Director Justin Lin later directed multiple films in the Fast & Furious franchise, with Kang reprising his role as Han Lue. Better Luck Tomorrow was subsequently recognized as Han's origin story, adding the film to the Fast & Furious franchise.

Critical reception
The film has an approval rating of 81% at the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 106 reviews with an average rating of 7.03/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "A promising work by Lin, the energetic Better Luck Tomorrow is disturbing and thought-provoking." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 67 out of 100, based on 32 critics.

Peter Travers of Rolling Stone wrote "Lin is a talent to watch. There's a sting to this film that gets to you." Roger Ebert in the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film a full four-star-rating and wrote that it was a "disturbing and skillfully-told parable about growing up in today's America" and that Lin "reveals himself as a skilled and sure director". Ebert defended the filmmakers during a screening after an audience member accused them of misrepresenting their culture and race. Ebert declared "What I find very condescending and offensive about your statement, is nobody would say to a bunch of white filmmakers, 'how could you do this to your people?'". In 2018, Jane Yong Kim of The Atlantic wrote the film "[complicates] the question of Asian American representation in Hollywood in ways that still resonate deeply today".

Release
Better Luck Tomorrow opened on 13 screens on April 11, 2003, earning the highest per-screen average of any in film release at the time.

Much of the film's success was attributed to grassroots campaigning by young Asian-American viewers, particularly college students, who promoted the film on school campuses and online.

Awards and film festivals

 * Official Selection and Grand Jury Prize Nomination – Sundance Film Festival, 2002. In a question and answer session following a festival screening, in response to an audience member who asked director Lin if he thought it was irresponsible to portray Asian-Americans in such a negative light, Roger Ebert stood up and said, angrily, "What I find very offensive and condescending about your statement is nobody would say to a bunch of white filmmakers, 'How could you do this to your people?'". And then he continued: "This film has the right to be about these people, and Asian-Americans have the right to be whatever the hell they want to be. They do not have to 'represent' their people." Ebert's approval of the film drew the attention of major studios, leading eventually to MTV's buying the film for distribution.
 * Official Selection – Toronto International Film Festival, 2002. Lin said reception at the Toronto festival was notably different than Sundance with the audience more interested in discussing the state of youth rather than the race of the ethnicity of the actors. "In America, most of the time, I can't even get into talking about the issues, because they're just stuck on race," he said.
 * Independent Spirit Awards – John Cassavetes Award Nomination, 2004

title: Better Luck Tomorrow


text:
Monounsaturated fat

In biochemistry and nutrition, a monounsaturated fat is a fat that contains a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), a subclass of fatty acid characterized by having a double bond in the fatty acid chain with all of the remaining carbon atoms being single-bonded. By contrast, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have more than one double bond.

Molecular description

Monounsaturated fats are triglycerides containing one unsaturated fatty acid. Almost invariably that fatty acid is oleic acid (18:1 n−9). Palmitoleic acid (16:1 n−7) and cis-vaccenic acid (18:1 n−7) occur in small amounts in fats.

Health
Studies have shown that substituting dietary monounsaturated fat for saturated fat is associated with increased daily physical activity and resting energy expenditure. More physical activity was associated with a higher-oleic acid diet than one of a palmitic acid diet. From the study, it is shown that more monounsaturated fats lead to less anger and irritability.

Foods containing monounsaturated fats may affect low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.

Levels of oleic acid along with other monounsaturated fatty acids in red blood cell membranes were positively associated with breast cancer risk. The saturation index (SI) of the same membranes was inversely associated with breast cancer risk. Monounsaturated fats and low SI in erythrocyte membranes are predictors of postmenopausal breast cancer. Both of these variables depend on the activity of the enzyme delta-9 desaturase (Δ9-d).

In children, consumption of monounsaturated oils is associated with healthier serum lipid profiles.

The Mediterranean diet is one heavily influenced by monounsaturated fats. In the late 20th century, people in Mediterranean countries consumed more total fat than Northern European countries, but most of the fat was in the form of monounsaturated fatty acids from olive oil and omega-3 fatty acids from fish, vegetables, and certain meats like lamb, while consumption of saturated fat was minimal in comparison. A 2017 review found evidence that the practice of a Mediterranean diet could lead to a decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases, overall cancer incidence, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and early death. A 2018 review showed that the practice of the Mediterranean diet may improve overall health status, such as the reduced risk of non-communicable diseases. It also may reduce the social and economic costs of diet-related illnesses.

Diabetes
Increasing monounsaturated fat and decreasing saturated fat intake could improve insulin sensitivity, but only when the overall fat intake of the diet was low. However, some monounsaturated fatty acids (in the same way as saturated fats) may promote insulin resistance, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids may be protective against insulin resistance.

title: Monounsaturated fat


text:
Shirō Hamaguchi

Shirō Hamaguchi (浜口 史郎) is a Japanese anime composer, arranger and orchestrator. He is best known for composing music to the anime franchises Girls und Panzer, One Piece, and Oh My Goddess! and arranging/orchestrating music in the Final Fantasy series. He frequently collaborates with fellow composers Kohei Tanaka and Akifumi Tada on anime scores.

Early life and career
Born in Fukuoka, Japan, Shiro Hamaguchi graduated with a music degree from Tokyo University of the Arts, where he befriended fellow video game musician Masashi Hamauzu. After graduation, he was hired as a department project manager at Victor Entertainment from 1994 to 1996. In 1996, he joined the anime and video game music production company Imagine, where he worked alongside famed composers Hayato Matsuo, Kohei Tanaka, and Kow Otani. His debut role was the anime series Violinist of Hameln (1996), where he arranged Tanaka's works. His music impressed Final Fantasy composer Nobuo Uematsu, who chose Hamaguchi as the arranger for the Final Fantasy VII Reunion Tracks album. He provided orchestral renditions of "Aeris's Theme", "Main Theme of Final Fantasy VII", and "One-Winged Angel", which have become iconic through their use in various Final Fantasy concerts. Subsequently, he created music for the anime series Ehrgeiz (unrelated to the video game) and AWOL - Absent WithOut Leave.

Further career
Hamaguchi scored the pirate-based anime One Piece in 1999 with Tanaka, later returning to compose four of its movies. He also worked as an arranger for the Sakura Wars series. The success of his Final Fantasy VII arrangements led Uematsu to hire him to orchestrate four pieces for the 1999 title Final Fantasy VIII, including the opening theme "Liberi Fatali" and the theme song "Eyes on Me". These pieces and nine new arrangements appeared in the orchestral album Fithos Lusec Wecos Vinosec Final Fantasy VIII. The following year, he arranged a selection of tracks from the game's soundtrack for the series' first Piano Collections album in five years. The success of "Eyes on Me" prompted Kenji Ito to use Hamaguchi as the arranger for his theme song in Chocobo Racing.

In 2000, Hamaguchi composed the Megumi no Daigo film and the Dinozaurs anime series, the latter with Imagine colleague Akifumi Tada. He provided orchestrations to Final Fantasy IX's full motion video music, featured in Final Fantasy IX Original Soundtrack PLUS, and an arrangement of the theme song "Melodies of Life"; he also created another Piano Collections album to the game. Hamaguchi collaborated with Uematsu to create music for the animated film Ah! My Goddess: The Movie and the 2001 anime series Final Fantasy: Unlimited, which also featured compositions by Tada.

For Final Fantasy X, he orchestrated the ending theme and the two versions of the theme song "Suteki da ne". He also produced the arrangements for the 2002 concert 20020220 Music from Final Fantasy, the first Final Fantasy concert since 1989. It mixed his older arrangements with new ones such as "Vamo' Alla Flamenco", "Theme of Love", "Tina", "Dear Friends", "Final Fantasy", and an eight-minute medley of music from Final Fantasy I, II, and III. The concert and its CD release set a precedent for many future concerts. Also in 2002, Hamaguchi scored the anime series Kiddy Grade. His contribution to Final Fantasy XI (2003) was arranging the opening theme. He also orchestrated three themes for Unlimited Saga on behalf of his university friend Hamauzu.

At the end of 2003, Hamaguchi produced the Piano Collections Final Fantasy VII. He also made new arrangements of "Opening ~ Bombing Mission", "To Zanarkand", "Ronfaure", "You're Not Alone", and "Opera 'Maria and Draco'" for the concert series Tour de Japon: Music from Final Fantasy in 2004. The concert also featured his arrangement of "Cloud Smiles" from the 2005 film Final Fantasy VII Advent Children; the remaining contributions to the film by Hamaguchi were old orchestral and piano arrangements. A handful of Hamaguchi's orchestral arrangements were added to Tour de Japon's American successor Dear Friends - Music from Final Fantasy, which made its debut in May 2004 in Los Angeles. His arrangements have also been performed at the events More Friends: Music from Final Fantasy, Voices - Music from Final Fantasy, and Play! A Video Game Symphony.

In 2005, Hamaguchi scored the anime series Oh! My Goddess and contributed arrangements to the third Symphonic Game Music Concert. The same year, Hamaguchi decided to enroll at the Berklee College of Music in a one-year jazz composition course to further his opportunities as an anime composer. He has since scored One Piece Movie: The Desert Princess and the Pirates: Adventures in Alabasta, Big Windup!, ''Ah! My Goddess: Fighting Wings, and Rosario + Vampire''. He orchestrated the late composer Ingo Nugel and his brother Henning Nugel's arrangements from The Settlers II (10th Anniversary) for performance at the fifth Symphonic Game Music Concert in August 2007. In September 2010, he arranged a suite containing the music from Starwing and Lylat Wars for the Symphonic Legends concert in Cologne.

Hamaguchi also composed the official music score for the Sanrio anime Jewelpet and its sequels, Jewelpet Twinkle and Jewelpet Sunshine. He later left the production staff in 2012 to focus on composing music for the film One Piece Film: Z and the anime film Hanasaku Iroha: The Movie – Home Sweet Home.

Anime

 * Composition

 * Ehrgeiz (1997)
 * Awol: Absent Without Leave (1998)
 * One Piece (1999–present) – with Kohei Tanaka
 * Dinozaurs (2000) – with Akifumi Tada
 * Final Fantasy: Unlimited (2001) – with Akifumi Tada
 * Kiddy Grade (2002)
 * Oh My Goddess! (2005)
 * Ah! My Goddess: Fighting Wings (2006)
 * Big Windup! (2007)
 * Ah! My Goddess: Flights of Fancy (2007)
 * Rosario + Vampire (2008) – with Kohei Tanaka
 * Rosario + Vampire Capu2 (2008) – with Kohei Tanaka
 * Jewelpet (2009)
 * Ōkiku Furikabutte ~Natsu no Taikai-hen~ (2010)
 * Jewelpet Twinkle (2010)
 * Jewelpet Sunshine (2011)
 * Hanasaku Iroha (2011)
 * Girls und Panzer (2012)
 * Tari Tari (2012)
 * Problem Children Are Coming from Another World, Aren't They? (2013)
 * Karneval (2013) – with Keiji Inai
 * Galilei Donna (2013)
 * Shirobako (2014)
 * Wish Upon the Pleiades (2015)
 * Haruchika (2016)
 * The Magnificent Kotobuki (2019)

 * Arrangement
 * Violinist of Hamelin (1996)
 * Sakura Wars 2 (1999) – with Akifumi Tada, Masami Kishimura, Shinji Miyazaki, and Takayuki Negishi
 * Sakura Wars (2000)
 * Sakura Taisen: New York NY.99 (2007) – with Takayuki Kishimoto

Film

 * Composition

 * Ah! My Goddess: The Movie (2000) – with Nobuo Uematsu
 * Megumi no Daigo (2000)
 * One Piece the Movie: Deddo Endo no Bōken (2003) – with Kohei Tanaka
 * Boku no Son Goku (2003)
 * One Piece: Norowa re ta Seiken (2004) – with Kohei Tanaka
 * One Piece Movie: The Desert Princess and the Pirates: Adventures in Alabasta (2007) – with Kazuhiko Sawaguchi, Kōhei Tanaka, Minoru Maruo, and Yasunori Iwasaki
 * Episode of Chopper Plus: Bloom in the Winter, Miracle Sakura (2008) – with Kohei Tanaka
 * Eiga! Tamagotchi Uchū Ichi Happy na Monogatari!? (2008)
 * One Piece Film: Strong World (2009)
 * One Piece Film: Z (2012)
 * Hanasaku Iroha: The Movie – Home Sweet Home (2013)
 * Girls und Panzer der Film (2015)
 * The Magnificent Kotobuki Complete Edition (2020)
 * Girls und Panzer das Finale (2017–present)

 * Arrangement
 * Final Fantasy VII Advent Children (2005) – with Keiji Kawamori, Kenichiro Fukui, and Tsuyoshi Sekito

Video games

 * Arrangement

 * Final Fantasy VII (1997)
 * Final Fantasy VIII (1999)
 * Chocobo Racing (1999) – with Kenji Ito
 * Final Fantasy IX (2000) – with Kunihiko Kurosawa
 * Final Fantasy X (2001) – with Junya Nakano, Masashi Hamauzu, and Hirosato Noda
 * Final Fantasy XI (2002) – with Hidenori Iwasaki and Hirosato Noda
 * Unlimited Saga (2002)
 * Monster Hunter (2004)
 * Monster Hunter Tri (2009)

Other works

 * Arrangement

 * Final Fantasy VII Reunion Tracks (1997)
 * Fithos Lusec Wecos Vinosec Final Fantasy VIII (1999)
 * Piano Collections Final Fantasy VIII (2000)
 * Final Fantasy IX: Melodies of Life - Emiko Shiratori (2000)
 * Piano Collections Final Fantasy IX (2001)
 * 20020220 Music from Final Fantasy (2002) – with Masashi Hamauzu
 * Piano Collections Final Fantasy VII (2003)
 * More Friends: Music from Final Fantasy (2006) – with Arnie Roth, Tsuyoshi Sekito, Michio Okamiya, and Kenichiro Fukui
 * Distant Worlds: Music from Final Fantasy (2007) – with Naoshi Mizuta, Sachiko Miyano, and Arnie Roth
 * Soul Calibur Suite - The Resonance of Souls and Swords (2009)
 * Symphonic Legends - Music from Nintendo (2010) – with Jonne Valtonen, Roger Wanamo, Hayato Matsuo, Masashi Hamauzu and Torsten Rasch

title: Shirō Hamaguchi


text:
North Epping, New South Wales

North Epping is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 19 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. North Epping is in the Northern Sydney region, and is often referred to as part of the "North-West" or North Shore. Epping is a separate suburb to the south and under the Parramatta City Council, which shares the postcode of 2121.

North Epping is a leafy suburb, surrounded by bushland of the upper section of Lane Cove National Park.

North Epping is an enclave of Hornsby, geographically cut off from the bush land shire by the Lane Cove National Park. North Epping relies on nearby Epping for much of its infrastructure, including transport, libraries, and public swimming pools.

There are many walking trails, including the Great North Walk which also links residing suburbs such as South Turramurra, Marsfield and West Pymble. One of the well known landmarks is Whale Rock.

Aboriginal culture
The Wallumedegal Aboriginal tribe lived in the area between the Lane Cove River and Parramatta River, which was known as Walumetta.

European settlement
In 1792 Governor Arthur Phillip began the granting of parcels of lands to marines, and the area was referred to on Phillip's maps as the Field of Mars, named after the Roman Field of Mars probably because of the military link. It contained the area of what is now Epping and North Epping. The name Epping is derived from Epping Forest in Essex, England. The land was broken up into farms and orchards, and after World War II it started to convert to residential use. Areas which had previously been reserved as part of the green belt scheme became available for residential development in 1948. North Epping post office was established in 1954 and the public school in 1960.

Becoming a separate suburb
North Epping was split off from Epping as a separate suburb on 1 December 1995.

Parramatta Council Amalgamation
Following the amalgamation of Epping into the City of Parramatta in 2016, North Epping became a pene-exclave of Hornsby Shire. The Parramatta Council has previously planned to expand to North Epping.

Commercial area
North Epping has a small shopping centre located on the corner of Roma Street and Malton Road. It features a number of specialty shops, cafes and restaurants. North Epping also has a small school - Epping North Public School. North Epping has many parks, many community areas and gatherings.

Transport
The M2 Hills Motorway runs along the southern border to the Sydney central business district. North Epping is connected to adjacent Epping by a single road, Norfolk Road. Norfolk Road runs south towards Epping Road. Almost all areas of the suburb are serviced by Busways route 295. The route is a loop and only goes clockwise around the edge of the suburb - the only place where it runs in both directions is Norfolk Road south of Grayson Road, towards Epping railway station.

Demographics
At the 2021 census, North Epping recorded a population of 4,657. Of these:
 * Age distribution : North Epping residents' median age was 44 years, compared to the national median of 38. Children aged 0–14 years made up 18.9% of the population (the national average was 18.2%) and people aged 65 years and over made up 18.6% of the population (the national average was 17.2%).
 * Ethnic diversity : 62.1% of people were born in Australia. The most common countries of birth were China 6.9%, India 4.3%, England 3.2%, Hong Kong 3.1% and South Korea 2.4%. 65.0% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 9.4%, Cantonese 5.8%, Korean 3.3%, Hindi 2.1% and Sinhalese 0.7%.
 * Religion : The most common responses for religion were No Religion 37.8%, Catholic 18.5% and Anglican 14.7%, Hinduism 4.3% and Christian, nfd 3.2%.
 * Income : North Epping is a wealthy area, with an average weekly household income of $3,062, well above the national average of $1,746.
 * Housing : The majority of dwellings 92.0% were separate houses. 85.5% were family households and 13.5% were single person households. The average household size was 3.1 people.

Politics
North Epping is under the municipal authority of Ward C in the Hornsby Shire Council, is part of the federal electorate of Bennelong and State electorate of Epping.

Churches

 * All Saints Anglican Church (295 Malton Rd), a contemporary Anglican Church.
 * Northern District Chinese Christian Church Sydney (41 Boundary Road), a Chinese Evangelical Church.

title: North Epping, New South Wales


text:
Talk:Orgasmatron

fictional and nonfictional devices?
The orgasmatron developed by Dr. Stuart Meloy is non-fictional. I think it should be moved out of this article. See http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Living/story?id=235788 Seems that Dr. Meloy called it the orgasmatron after Woody Allen's film, which is the topic of this article. See http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-orside11feb11,1,7473561.story 98.207.178.108 (talk) 03:30, 22 February 2009 (UTC)

Page help needed:
Is the Orgasmatron the device in the movie Sleeper or is it the device an artifact of the movie Barbarella? Or are both devices similarly named?

If one of these devices is misnamed, please contact me and I will split the article appropriately, or if correct I will remove the notice. If you have both DVDs please help. Thanks, -- Leonard G. 03:23, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)

possible error
In Barbarella:
 * [ . . . . ] during which she vocalises extensively ("oh", "ooh", "ahh", etc.). She cannot help herself that she is almost destroyed by having the ultimate orgasm, in which she could die from an anerism or her heart could explode from exhaustion. She tires so hard to keep her mind on her mission but the movements are so great that she gives up and accepts the fact that she has failed and that earth will be destroyed and her most senstitive of places has turned her body into jelly. While in the machine she sweats and moans, towards the end she closes her eyes and takes in the pleasure. Finally she cannot take it anymore that she lets out an orgasm. So lusty are her appetites that she successfully overloads the machine. The machine is destroyed and she survives, feeling rather well. Upset that she has destroyed the machine she lets out an "AWWWWWWWWWWWW". and tries to compose herslef after her orgasm. Dr Durand wishes to destroy her with whips. She can only plead with her torturer "Oh please haven't you done enough to me?" Not Realizing that he wishes to destroy her. But she is so horney that she couldn't help but destroy the machine. Eventually he straps her to another machine and has her look at a computer screen that shows earth. This time She is on a platform and her legs are gently pulled side to side. A large metal object inserts into her raw vagina. And it rotates back and forth. Dr Druand then lowers an giant megaphone in once she climaxes it will send a shockwave that will destroy her home. And strong enough to destroy her as well. She tries to fight back but this time the machine is one step ahead. With a teardrop in her eye she lets out the greatest orgasm of all and both her and earth blow to pieces.

I did not see the movie but I know she and Earth did not blow up. The description of the machine might be wrong, too.

See Barbarella on h2g2.AirBa 10:38, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Wilhelm Reich
Is there no connection with the orgone accumulator "inventions" of Wilhelm Reich? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 218.223.193.144 (talk) 11:32, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I can't source anything reliable, but I'm pretty sure that the orgasmatron was meant to a comic spoof of Reich's device - the parallels are obvious! Sasha (talk) 18:18, 5 June 2009 (UTC)

Something that could be mentioned?
There was another product recently developed that claimed to use electrical stimulation to the chinese pressure points on the ankles. It appears to have met with some skepticism, and I do not know all the details. Along those same lines, electrical stimulation (called "estim") has been used for some time to arouse and climax both men and women without additional physical stimulation. Would this be something appropriate to cover and/or link to?

Tasp
I think the tasp from Larry Niven's Ringworld might fit in here. Beach drifter (talk) 17:41, 6 December 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Orgasmatron