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James K. Morrow

James Morrow (born March 17, 1947) is an American novelist and short-story writer known for filtering large philosophical and theological questions through his satiric sensibility.

Most of Morrow's oeuvre has been published as science fiction and fantasy, but he is also the author of two unconventional historical novels, The Last Witchfinder and Galápagos Regained. He variously describes himself as a "scientific humanist," a "bewildered pilgrim," and a "child of the Enlightenment".

Morrow presently lives in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania with his second wife, Kathryn Smith Morrow, and their three dogs.

Early life and education
James Kenneth Morrow was born in Germantown, Philadelphia, on March 17, 1947, the only child of Emily Morrow, née Develin, and William Morrow (no relation to the publisher of the same name). During World War II, the U.S. Army exempted Bill Morrow from the draft owing to his employment by the Midvale Steel Works.

After the war, Emily and William bought a small house in the Philadelphia suburb of Roslyn, Pennsylvania, a choice driven largely by the sterling reputation of Abington Township's public-school system. James Morrow attributes his fiction-writing career directly to the humanities curriculum at Abington Senior High School. In particular, his exposure to James Giordano's tenth-grade World Literature class prompted him to imagine himself one day composing novels and stories inspired by the philosophically inclined authors in the syllabus, among them Dante, Voltaire, Dostoyevsky, Kafka, Camus, and Ibsen.

Throughout his adolescence Morrow produced a series of 8 mm genre films with his friends, including Joe Adamson, who ultimately made documentary films in Los Angeles; David Stone, who became a Hollywood sound editor; and George Shelps, who remained in the Philadelphia area and became a suburban planner. The output of "Abington-International Movie Company" encompassed adaptations of Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart," Derleth and Schorer's "The Return of Andrew Bentley," and Coleridge's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," which received an Honorable Mention in the 1964 Kodak Movie News Teen-Age Movie Contest.

While an undergraduate at the University of Pennsylvania, Morrow met his living expenses by working as a filmmaker for the Philadelphia Public Schools, shooting and editing a series of 16 mm films documenting and celebrating the innovations for which the system was famous in the late 1960s.

Upon receiving his BA degree from Penn in 1969, Morrow moved to Somerville, Massachusetts, so he could attend the Harvard Graduate School of Education (HGSE).

Pre-fiction career
After receiving an MAT from Harvard in 1970, Morrow found work in the Boston area as an instructional media specialist and graphic artist, first in the Newton Public Schools (1971–1973) and then in the Chelmsford Public Schools (1973–1978). Among the curriculum materials he produced during these years were Moviemaking Illustrated: The Comicbook Filmbook (Hayden Book Company, 1973, coauthored with Murray Suid), and Media and Kids: Real World Learning in the Schools (Hayden Book Company, 1977, also coauthored with Murray Suid).

From 1971 to 1973, Morrow reunited with high-school filmmaking friends Adamson and Stone to create a 16 mm satiric short called "A Political Cartoon", which tells of a cartoon character who gets elected President of the United States. This 22-minute film was exhibited at the Orson Welles Cinema in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1974 and ultimately released on VHS by Kino Video as a part of Cartoongate! (1996), a compilation reel of animated shorts.

In 1972 Morrow married Jean Pierce, a fellow HGSE graduate. They had two children, Kathleen and Christopher. The couple separated in 1995. Morrow married Kathryn Smith—a bookseller, freelance editor, independent scholar, and occasional critic—in 1996.

During the 1980s, Morrow worked as one of the principal writers for the biannual periodical, A Teacher's Guide to NOVA (WGBH Educational Foundation). He also became a regular contributor to TV Guide magazine, writing such commentaries as "TV Didn't Turn Us into Lemmings and Vikings" (October 9, 1982), "Big Brother Isn't Watching—Yet" (January 28, 1984), "We Need a Nightly News Show on the Nuclear Arms Race" (March 8, 1986), and "The Best Way to Watch TV? Noisily and Together" (April 11, 1987).

In 1977, TSR published James Morrow's murder-mystery board game, Suspicion, which he was inspired to create after seeing the 1974 movie adaptation of Murder on the Orient Express. Six years later, Morrow was hired by Circuits and Systems, a New Hampshire firm, to design the graphics and help shape the script for Fortune Builder (1984), a ColecoVision game sometimes regarded as a forerunner to SimCity.

Fiction career
With the publication of his first novel, The Wine of Violence, in 1981, James Morrow embarked on a full-time career as a writer of comedic but philosophically informed fiction, thus fulfilling the pact he'd made with his tenth-grade self to participate in the universe of ideas opened up to him by James Giordano's World Literature class.

Over the course of the next thirty-four years, Morrow produced ten novels, three stand-alone novellas, and several dozen short stories, many of them satirizing conventional Christian arguments about the workings of the universe. Beyond his fascination with religious questions, Morrow's characteristic themes include the folly of war, the necessity of feminism, and the parent-child bond. Ever since high school, his worldview has been essentially secular and atheistic.

On the whole, Morrow's work has been favorably received by critics, both within the science-fiction community and the mainstream literary world. The Last Witchfinder (2006) was praised by both New York Times reviewer Janet Maslin and Washington Post Book World editor Ron Charles.

Early in 2010, on the strength of the Russian translations of his novel Only Begotten Daughter (1990) and collection Bible Stories for Adults (1996), Morrow was invited to participate in the Fifteenth International Tolstoy Conference. After spending a week in Moscow, he and Kathryn traveled to Tolstoy's estate, where the author delivered a paper titled, "Charles Darwin Comes to Yasnaya Polyana," a scholarly thought-experiment spun from Morrow's Galápagos Regained, his novel (then in progress) about the coming of the Darwinian worldview.

Around the time of the Tolstoy Conference, Morrow's dark theological comedy Blameless in Abaddon (1996) came to the attention of Bernard Schweizer, a professor at Long Island University, Brooklyn, who invited the novelist to join him and NYU's Gregory T. Erickson in establishing an organization dedicated to celebrating the heretical, blasphemous, and religiously unorthodox dimensions of literature and art. On May 3, 2013, the International Society for Heresy Studies was inaugurated at the Torch Club of New York University. Beyond Schweizer, Erickson, and Morrow, the founders included philosopher and novelist Rebecca Newberger Goldstein and literary critic and novelist James Wood.

Novels
Morrow's first two novels were overtly science-fictional in substance and tone. The Wine of Violence (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1981) tells of a pacifist utopia whose citizens sublimate their aggressive urges through autobiographical video fantasies. The Continent of Lies (Holt, Rinehart and Winston 1984) posits a futuristic entertainment medium called "dreambeans" or "cephapples": genetically engineered fruits that plunge consumers into scripted hallucinations.

The author next attempted a more immediate, political, and experimental narrative. Although This Is the Way the World Ends (Henry Holt, 1986) was marketed initially as a mainstream novel, the science-fiction community embraced it, giving Morrow his first Nebula Award nomination. The plot is driven by "The Unadmitted," a ghostly race of potential humans who never got to be born, due to nuclear holocaust. Determined to use their earthly tenures wisely, the unadmitted put the surviving architects of Armageddon—including the novel's everyman protagonist—on trial under the Nuremberg precedent.

Only Begotten Daughter (William Morrow 1990) represented the author's initial exploration of the subject that would preoccupy him during his mature writing years: the enigma of religious faith. The protagonist is Julie Katz, whose existential problems include the fact that she is Jesus Christ's divine half-sister, reincarnated in contemporary Atlantic City.

In The Last Witchfinder (William Morrow, 2006) the author dramatized the birth of the scientific worldview. Though much of the novel plays like straightforward, albeit comic, historical fiction, the author employs a peculiar postmodern conceit: the story is told by a sentient book, Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica. The narrative turns on Jennet Stearne, who makes it her life's mission to bring down the Witchcraft Act 1603.

Morrow wrote his ninth full-length novel, an homage to Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, under the title Prometheus Wept. The protagonist, Mason Ambrose, is a failed philosophy student hired to implant a moral compass in a mysterious young woman, Londa Sabacthani, whose conscience is a blank slate. The book was ultimately published as The Philosopher's Apprentice (William Morrow, 2008).

Much as The Last Witchfinder celebrates the coming of the Enlightenment, Morrow's tenth novel, Galápagos Regained (St. Martin's Press, 2015), rejoices in the advent of evolutionary thought. The heroine is Charles Darwin's zookeeper, the fictional Chloe Bathurst, who will stop at nothing to win the Great God Contest: £10,000 to the first person who can prove, or disprove, the existence of God.

The Godhead Trilogy
In the 1990s Morrow devoted most of his writing energy to an ambitious project spun from the premise that God has died, leaving behind a two-mile-long corpse. While each book in the Godhead Trilogy features a different protagonist and an independent plot, certain characters and motifs recur throughout the cycle, as does the Corpus Dei.

In Towing Jehovah (Harcourt Brace, 1994) a disgraced supertanker captain, Anthony Van Horne, is commissioned by the angel Raphael to tow the divine cadaver to its final resting place in the Arctic. As the voyage progresses, atheists and believers alike take pains to keep God's death a secret.

Blameless in Abaddon (Harcourt Brace, 1996), a modern-dress version of the Book of Job, turns on the plight of Martin Candle, a small-town, small-time magistrate who, sorely afflicted with cancer, resolves to drag God before the World Court and prosecute him for his seeming indifference to human suffering. A character modeled on C.S. Lewis agrees to finance the elaborate proceeding, but only if he gets to make the case for the defense.

The Eternal Footman (Harcourt Brace, 1999) begins with the last remnant of the Corpus Dei, God's immense skull, going into geosynchronous orbit above Times Square. This second moon causes a "plague of death awareness" to descend on humankind. Among the victims is a boy whose resourceful mother, Nora Burkhart, undertakes an odyssey from New England to Mexico in an effort to deliver the stricken child from his apparent fate.

Notable shorter fiction
Morrow's oeuvre includes three stand-alone science-fiction novellas, each reflecting the author's penchant for mixing dire situations with acerbic and absurdist humor.

City of Truth (Random Century Group, UK, 1990) occurs in the world of Veritas, a dystopia of mandatory candor. To save his mortally ill son, the protagonist, Jack Sperry, must somehow transcend his Skinnerian conditioning and learn to tell lies.

Set in the final days of World War Two, Shambling Towards Hiroshima (Tachyon, 2009) describes the U.S. Navy's attempt to leverage a Japanese surrender via a "biological weapon" that anticipates Godzilla.

An homage to early 1950s live television, The Madonna and the Starship (Tachyon, 2014) tells of a New York pulp writer who must convince two hyper-rationalist aliens that a weekly religious program is satiric in intent, for otherwise the invaders will annihilate its audience of two million devout viewers.

Among his better known stories collected in Bible Stories for Adults (Harcourt Brace, 1996) are "Spelling God with the Wrong Blocks" (featuring Darwin-worshiping robots who believe they evolved pursuant to evolutionary principles), "Daughter Earth" (in which a Pennsylvania farmer's wife gives birth to a small planet), and "Arms and the Woman" (in which a canny Helen of Troy attempts to end "the war to make the world safe for war").

The author's second collection, The Cat's Pajamas and Other Stories (Tachyon, 2004) included "Auspicious Eggs" (set in a dystopian Boston where anti-abortion sentiment now encompasses "the rights of the unconceived"), "Martyrs of the Upshot Knothole" (dramatizing the possible connection between John Wayne's cancer and atomic-bomb tests), and "The Zombies of Montrose" (an entry in the author's cycle of one-act plays).

A humorous political satire of the German Expressionistic classic silent film, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, The Asylum of Dr. Caligari (Tachyon, 2017) follows a young painter, Francis Wyndham, and Ilona Wessels, a brilliant, semi-insane inmate, who conspire to thwart infamous asylum director Dr. Alessandro Caligari's evil moneymaking scheme (making and then selling the use of a sorcerous painting to incite soldiers into battlelust). Morrow's version of Caligari is a timely, acerbic meditation on the volatile interaction of commerce and politics, and how it can lead to dangerously dramatic scenarios on the world stage.

Anthologies and lesson plans
Several years after Morrow won a Nebula Award for Best Short Story, the Science Fiction Writers of America assigned him to edit three anthologies: Nebula Awards 26 (Harcourt Brace 1992), Nebula Awards 27 (Harcourt Brace 1993), and Nebula Awards 28 (Harcourt Brace, 1994).

Throughout the first decade of the twenty-first century, James and Kathryn Morrow were regular guests at Utopiales, a literary festival held annually in Nantes. One outcome of their interaction with the international SF community was The SFWA European Hall of Fame (Tor Books, 2007), an anthology of sixteen stories carefully translated into English from thirteen Continental languages, each such rendering the result of a three-way internet conversation among the author, the translator, and the Morrows.

With the release of Peter Jackson's movie adaptations of J.R.R. Tolkien's fantasy novel The Lord of the Rings, Houghton Mifflin hired both James Morrow (on the strength of his published instructional materials) and Kathryn Morrow (given her extensive knowledge of Tolkien's oeuvre) to write a book-length curriculum for middle-school and high-school teachers wishing to bring The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings into their classrooms. The resulting resource, Tolkien's Middle Earth: Lesson Plans for Secondary School Educators (Houghton Mifflin, 2006), was posted on the publisher's website.

Honors and awards

 * CINE Golden Eagle for 16 mm short film, Children of the Morning (1969), filmed at the Institutes for the Achievement of Human Potential, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
 * A Political Cartoon (1974), a 16 mm short film by Joe Adamson, James Morrow, and David Stone, won the Francis Scott Key Award at the Baltimore Film Festival, the Judge's Prize at the Santa Barbara Film Festival, the Jury's Prize at the Columbus Film Festival, and the Audience Prize at the Midwest Film Festival.
 * Nebula Award for Best Short Story, "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 17: The Deluge" (1988).
 * World Fantasy Award for Best Novel, Only Begotten Daughter (1991).
 * Nebula Award for Best Novella, City of Truth (1992).
 * World Fantasy Award for Best Novel, Towing Jehovah (1995).
 * Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire for Best Novel, Towing Jehovah (1995).
 * The Volume 5, Number 12 issue of Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres (1999) was devoted entirely to James Morrow's novels and short stories.
 * Guest of Honor at Confluence, Mars, Pennsylvania, 2000.
 * Guest of Honor at ConQuest 32, Kansas City, Kansas, 2001
 * Inducted into Abington Senior High School Hall of Fame, 2002.
 * Prix Utopia for Lifetime Achievement in Science Fiction (2005)
 * Guest of Honor at Readercon 17, Burlington, Massachusetts, 2006.
 * Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award for Best Short Fiction, Shambling Towards Hiroshima (2010).
 * Guest of Honor at ArmadilloCon 37, Austin, Texas, July 2015

Novels

 * The Wine of Violence (1981) – ISBN 978-0030590511
 * The Continent of Lies (1984) – ISBN 978-0671559694
 * This Is the Way the World Ends (Henry Holt, 1986) – ISBN 978-0030080371
 * Only Begotten Daughter (1990) – ISBN 978-0688052843
 * The Last Witchfinder (2006) – ISBN 978-0739474655
 * The Philosopher's Apprentice (2008) – ISBN 978-0061351457
 * Galápagos Regained (2015) – ISBN 978-1250054012
 * The Asylum of Dr. Caligari (2017) – ISBN 978-1616962654

Godhead trilogy

 * Towing Jehovah (1994) – ISBN 978-0151909193
 * Blameless in Abaddon (1996) – ISBN 978-0151886562
 * The Eternal Footman (1999) – ISBN 978-0151293254

Chapbook format

 * The Adventures of Smoke Bailey (1983)
 * City of Truth (1991) – ISBN 978-0156180429

 * Shambling Towards Hiroshima (2009)

 * The Madonna and the Starship (2014) – ISBN 978-1616961596
 * Bigfoot and the Bodhisattva (2018) – ISBN 978-1616962937

Collections

 * Swatting at the Cosmos (1990) – ISBN 978-1561462582
 * Introduction: Swatting At the Cosmos, essay
 * "The Assemblage of Kristin" (1984), short story
 * "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 17: The Deluge" (1988), short story
 * "The Eye That Never Blinks" (1988), short story
 * "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 20: The Tower" (1990), short story
 * "The Confessions of Ebenezer Scrooge" (1989), short story
 * "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 31: The Covenant (1989), short story
 * "Spelling God with the Wrong Blocks" (1987), short story
 * Bible Stories for Adults (1996) – ISBN 978-0151001927
 * Preface (Bible Stories for Adults), essay
 * "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 17: The Deluge" (1988), short story
 * "Daughter Earth" (1991), short story
 * "Known But to God and Wilbur Hines" (1991), short story
 * "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 20: The Tower" (1990), short story
 * "Spelling God with the Wrong Blocks" (1987), short story
 * "The Assemblage of Kristin" (1984), short story
 * "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 31: The Covenant" (1989), short story
 * "Abe Lincoln in McDonald's" (1989), short story
 * "The Confessions of Ebenezer Scrooge" (1989), short story
 * "Bible Stories for Adults No. 46: The Soap Opera" (1994), short fiction
 * "Diary of a Mad Deity" (1988), novelette
 * "Arms and the Woman" (1991), novelette
 * The Cat's Pajamas and Other Stories (2004) – ISBN 978-1892391155
 * "The War of the Worldviews" (2002), short story
 * Introduction: Good Morrow to Our Waking Souls, essay by Terry Bisson
 * "The Wisdom of the Skin" (2002), short story
 * "Martyrs of the Upshot Knothole" (2004), short story
 * "Come Back, Dr. Sarcophagus", short story
 * "The Fate of Nations" (2003), short story
 * "The Eye That Never Blinks" (1988), short story
 * "Director's Cut" (1994), short story
 * "Auspicious Eggs" (2000), novelette
 * " Apologue" (2001), short story
 * "Fucking Justice", short story
 * "Isabella of Castile Answers Her Mail" (1992), short story
 * "The Zombies of Montrose", short story
 * "The Cat's Pajamas" (2001), novelette
 * Reality by Other Means: The Best Short Fiction of James Morrow (2015) – ISBN 978-0819575944

title: James K. Morrow


text: User talk:128.61.49.27

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:128.61.49.27


text:
Fast fracture

In structural engineering and material science, fast fracture is a phenomenon in which a flaw (such as a crack) in a material expands quickly, and leads to catastrophic failure of the material. It proceeds in high speed and requires a relatively small amount of accumulated strain energy, making it a dangerous failure mode.

Flaw
Stress acting on a material when fast fracture occurs is less than the material's yield stress. A very representative example of this is what happens when poking a blown up balloon with a needle, that is, fast fracture of the balloon's material. The energy in the balloon comes from the compressed gas inside it and the energy stored in the rubber membrane itself. The introduction of the flaw, which in this case is the pin prick, would lead to the explosion as the membrane fails by fast fracture. However, if the same flaw is introduced to a balloon with less energy - as in the case of a partially inflated balloon - the fast fracture will not occur, unless the balloon is punctured progressively so that it reaches a critical pressure at which fast fracture occurs.

The occurrence of fast fracture can depend on the material. For instance, it transpires in the cases of brittle materials with less capacity for deformation even if the flaw only involves small defects caused by the manufacturing process.

title: Fast fracture


text:
User talk:Mirv/Archive 6

Administrator powers
If I have misused my magic powers in any way, this is the place to tell me.

Protection
Every page I protect is on the wrong version, of course, so to conserve valuable electrons, just leave a link to the page and a number from the list. Thanks.

If I accidentally protected a page to which I have made substantive edits, tell me here. I will unprotect it immediately.

Deletion
Did I speedy-delete something that wasn't a candidate? Did I delete something for which there was no consensus to delete? Tell me here.

Rollback
Did I use the admin "rollback" feature on one of your edits without warning or explanation? Then I probably thought you were vandalizing, spamming, or otherwise editing in malice, and chances are good that you were: most of my rollbacks are of such edits. If you want to know why I reverted your edit, append your question to the end of this talk page.

rollback of my removal of personal attack
I'd like to ask you to watch your "trigger finger", so to speak, when using the "rollback admin function. If you want to revert changes, please explain those reversions - save rollback for dealing with known vandalism.

That being said, commenting on the "stupid...stupidity" of a voter is nothing but inflammatory, and a personal attack. I made a judgement on the candidate, and voted at the time accordingly. I do not expect anyone to have to be called names for a vote they cast. Please do not support such behavior, and leave things be. If Blankfaze wants to discuss this with me, he can. -- Netoholic @ 18:17, 2004 Sep 27 (UTC)
 * If Blankfaze wants you removing his comments, he can tell you that. Until then, don't arrogate that privilege to yourself before discussing the matter with him. —No-One Jones (m) 18:25, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * This has been discussed with him - User talk:Blankfaze. Again, I ask you not to get involved, and not to support such behavior. -- Netoholic @ 18:32, 2004 Sep 27 (UTC)

 * And his last word on it was, he doesn't want the comment removed—he even rolled back your last attempt to do so. Until I hear further from Blankfaze on the matter, I'll consider your removal of his comment to be deliberate misrepresentation—something to which I try to put a stop wherever and whenever I see it. —No-One Jones (m) 20:04, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * His comment was wholly insulting to me, and I am extremely disappointed that you support such a display. I should think that any "misrepresentation" is far less injurious than that attack on me was.   -- Netoholic @ 23:53, 2004 Sep 27 (UTC)
 * If Blankfaze insults you, he looks bad. If you manipulate discussions in self-serving ways, you look worse; you also create extra trouble by revert-warring in order to keep your tampered-with version of the conversation in place.

 * A hint: If your refactoring of a conversation creates more strife and headache than would simply leaving the undesirable text in place, that should be a big warning sign saying YOU'RE DOING IT WRONG. —No-One Jones (m) 00:20, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

CSD
Thanks for the advice. I hadn't read WP:SD. _R_ 10:17, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

VfD on User talk:HistoryBuffEr/Archived-Sermons
I followed the deletion policy page as best I could by attempting to communicate once more with the user, and was rebuffed (along with another user) again. Even after this, I held back until the user posted a new round of uncivil remarks in the article space. I saw no other way forward. Please advise as to alternatives. Gazpacho 05:19, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC) (Talk)

 * Try Dispute resolution. HistoryBuffEr may be behaving badly but forcibly deleting his talk archive isn't going to solve anything. —No-One Jones (m) 14:41, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Message from Haydes
Hey dude stop deleting my stuff ok this is uncalled for. Haydes (sig added)
 * If you're talking about my reversion of your edit to Ambi's user page, I didn't delete it; I did, however, move it to the appropriate place. —No-One Jones (m) 12:27, 4 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Votes for undeletion
See Votes for undeletion. Anthony is challenging your right to make speedy deletions. RickK 00:16, Oct 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * No I'm not. I'm only challenging a few speedy deletions which don't appear to fit the criteria for speedy deletions. anthony (see warning) 00:35, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Dio thingy
You're right, it is Italian - but what does it mean? Deb 22:13, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't know—my Italian is fragmentary at best. It's apparently the national anthem of Corsica, though. —No-One Jones (m) 22:17, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

What is it you need help translating? I am Italian and I am semi-fluent.172.130.196.212 06:31, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Dio vi Salve Regina. If you can translate it, bravo. —No-One Jones (m) 14:47, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Sodium chloride
Thanks for the vandalism revert on Sodium chloride. I obviously need to work on my speed. I finished my revert only moments later than you did. Again thanks. [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|(talk)]] 12:17, Oct 8, 2004 (UTC)

My references - prettify category link
About my user page - thank you. ClockworkTroll 21:45, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * You're welcome. —No-One Jones (m) 21:47, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)

rollback
/binned

Admin nomination
Thanks for the vote in favour of my nomination! Incidently, I've shamelessly nicked your archive box for my talk page :-) - Ta bu shi da yu 02:18, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)

9/11
Why did you protect the 9-11 page?--198 01:04, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Because you and Gzornenplatz were revert warring. —No-One Jones (m) 18:23, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I see.--198 06:39, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
Glad you caught that boo-boo of mine on the copyvio page. I didn't know that was from a mirror site. Best, Lucky 6.9 02:06, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for taking care of the Henry Kissinger article. Stargoat 18:12, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * You're welcome, and have you considered adding this latest incident to the evidence in Michael Snow's pending arbcom case? Something needs to be done about VV right quick-like. —No-One Jones (m) 21:30, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Most vandalized pages
Hi Mirv,

You might find Most vandalized pages useful for your part in the rollback patrol (keep up the good work!). -- ChrisO 18:30, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Very useful. I've made it into a toolbar button next to my watchlist and Recent Changes. —No-One Jones (m) 21:20, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Talk:History of the United States (1865-1918)
The "anger" header in History of the United States (1865-1918) was inserted by Sam Spade and not me, in case you weren't aware. He placed it above one of my postings to make it look like the heading was mine. 172 18:53, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes, I'm quite familiar with Spade's habit of trying to make others look bad with sneakily-inserted headings. That's why I changed it to something that I thought would be a bit more helpful. —No-One Jones (m) 21:20, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

sex messages
Hello. What is your criteria for removing my messages? Thanks. --Cantus 00:43, Oct 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * See Template talk:Sex. —No-One Jones (m) 00:51, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Edit War
Hello Mirv, I tried to reason with Gzornenplatz on his talk page but he "won't play ball," so I'm forced to revert him.--198 01:11, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm sure he feels the same. And look how far that attitude gets you. —No-One Jones (m) 01:17, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Pol Pot and friends
It's been over a week, so I'm unprotecting Pol Pot. Cross your fingers. – Quadell (talk) (help)  02:11, Oct 20, 2004 (UTC)

Ditto with Arab-Israeli conflict. – Quadell (talk) (help)  16:48, Oct 23, 2004 (UTC)

September 11, 2001 attacks
I have again requested that this page is unprotected. See Requests for page protection for my reasoning. jguk 06:10, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
Hey thanks for fixing my user page when it was vandalized. Apparently they don't like it when i revert their idiocy. Paulr 19:46, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * You're welcome. —No-One Jones (m) 19:47, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks, I've done the same
Thanks, I've refactored some of your now out of place comments as well. Jayjg 18:06, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)

hey mirv, I just wanted to say thanks for the edits you made to my page, I'm still new here and it was nice having a helping hand.... --GNU4Eva 01:30, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * You're welcome. If you have any more questions or difficulties, feel free to ask me, or check out Welcome, newcomers. —No-One Jones (m) 01:35, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

What is it about schema-root.org pages that you don't like?
I'd be interested in an explanation of why you did these reverts: In each case you removed the external link to a schema-root.org page about the same subject. Every schema-root.org pages contains a current news feed for the page topic. It seemed to me that they contributed to Wikipedia by providing real value to anyone researching the particular subject.

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Indigenous peoples (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Robbot) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Middle East (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Mirv)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Judith Miller (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by DMG413)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Asia (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by BRG) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Abdul Aziz al-Hakim (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by D6) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Military (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Mormegil)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Corporation (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Pedant17) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Private military contractor (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Bontenbal) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m TRW (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by 217.205.250.130) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m BAE SYSTEMS (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Rlandmann) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Boeing (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by JohnWest) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Carlyle Group (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by 12.74.28.247)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m DynCorp (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Frighter) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Finmeccanica S.p.A. (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by N328KF) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m General Dynamics (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Itai) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m A.M. Rosenthal (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Gzornenplatz) (top)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m General Electric (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Robbot)

04:31, 12 Oct 2004 (hist) m Northrop Grumman (Reverted edits by 66.31.89.49 to last version by Riddley) (top)

You did all of these within one minute? How could you have possibly taken time to look at the content of each link? John Tinker 19:00, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I did all of them within one minute because I am a sysop and have the ability to revert pages very quickly when I think it necessary. I thought it necessary because Wikipedia often attracts linkspammers trying to raise their site's Google rank, and when I see a user adding numerous links to an insignificant website, I suspect linkspamming. If that was not your intent, I apologize, but please be aware that Wikipedia is not a collection of external links or a vehicle for advertising and self-promotion. —No-One Jones (m) 19:15, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * FWIW, I agree with the removal of the scheme-root links. Not an authoritative source, and I still think it is link-spamming and self-promotion. -- Netoholic @ 19:31, 2004 Oct 22 (UTC)
 * Not an authorative source? Could you please explain what makes for an authorative source? Schema-root.org is largely about news headlines and research sources. John Tinker
 * Having reviewed your explanations and site carefully, I would not object if you were to link from a page or two. The site is aboveboard, non-profit, a useful directory, and links back to several Wikimedia projects—all of which convince me that your intentions are good and you're not here to spam. Try placing a link or two and see what kind of reaction you get. —No-One Jones (m) 20:15, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Ok, I will do that. And thank you for your thoughtful reply. John Tinker

Protection of Jesus
Why'd you protect the page? It's just one guy who is moving it and a few of us reverting him. Andre ( talk )A| 16:46, Oct 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * It's just temporary, until Rantaro grasps the naming and disambiguation conventions (or gets bored and goes away). Consider it a protection against persistent vandalism, since he's so clearly wrong here. —No-One Jones (m) 16:50, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Rex IP
Ah, OK. Thanks. :) [[User:Neutrality|Neutrality (hopefully!)]] 19:24, Oct 23, 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for your comments
It will take much more for him to learn his lesson though. The proof that he has learned his lesson will come when he makes the edits you suggested himself. I can't be expected to collate all their propaganda for them. Your suggestions are good ones though.--Alberuni 04:16, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Mirv, FYI, I'm basing my votes on the following policies: Sorry I didn't make it clear earlier. If you find these hypocritical, please let me know how I can correct/improve them. ←Humus sapiens←Talk 05:36, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) A distinction is made between militants and non-combatants.
 * 2) A distinction is made between innocents targeted on purpose (e.g. bombing a civilian bus) vs. human shields vs. bystanders harmed by mistake in a police action aimed to prevent further terrorist attacks. In a court of law, a lot of difference is made between intentional victims of violence and those who died unintentionally. So should be in an encyclopedia.
 * 3) The information found in other WP articles is not duplicated.
 * 4) Hate-speech links are removed.
 * All of these are reasons to fix articles, not delete them. —No-One Jones (m) 14:35, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I'd love to believe it after I see at least one of the articles in question fixed. Please let me know.  ←Humus sapiens←Talk 08:21, 1 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Insertion of opinions from Likudnik propaganda sites?
"You've proved your point about Jayjg's insertions of opinions from Likudnik propaganda sites into articles on humanitarian organizations"? How so? If you mean NGO monitor, I didn't even find that site, other editors did, and Alberuni himself inserted at least one of those criticisms, not me. And why do you consider it a "Likudnik propaganda site"? Jayjg 07:06, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I consider it a Likudnik propaganda site because it's run by one of Sharon's cronies. If you weren't the one who spammed its opinions all over the articles on Palestinian NGOs, I apologize. —No-One Jones (m) 14:25, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Um, how do you define "Sharon's cronies"? Oh, and Gold no longer works for the Israeli government, he works for the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, an independent, non-profit institute for policy research and education founded in 1976. Jayjg 20:49, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * He was an adviser to Ariel Sharon for some time. Hence "crony". He was also Netanyahu's foreign affairs adviser. Hence "Likudnik". He may work for JCPA now, but his views have not changed. —No-One Jones (m) 20:59, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Hmm. Somehow I don't think the word "crony" passes the Wikipedia NPOV test, though I suspect there are some here who would argue it would. ;-)  Regardless, your claims go much farther, specifically that he runs a "Likdunik propaganda site".  The JCPA has been around a lot longer than Dore Gold, as has NGO Watch; on what basis do you support your claim, aside from the fact that the current president used to be a member of the Likud government?  Donald Gregg is a former advisor to Pres. Bush Sr., and also his former Ambassador to Seoul.  He's now the head of the Korea Society; does that mean that the Korea Society  is a "Republican propaganda site" run by "one of Bush's cronies"? Jayjg 21:34, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * The agendas of the organizations with which Dore Gold is associated are readily apparent; does the Korea Society push a relentlessly pro-US agenda? And I wasn't suggesting using "crony" in the article, as I'm sure you understand. —No-One Jones (m) 21:40, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, to begin with there is a difference between a "pro-Israel" or "pro-US" agenda and a "Likudnik" or "Republican" agenda. And  from what I can tell the Korea Society believes everything it does is in America's best interests; is that "a relentlessly pro-US agenda"?  The agenda and focus of the JCPA is much broader than pushing a "pro-Israel" agenda, which you would note if you looked through its various publications and activities.  And of course I understand that you wouldn't use the word "crony" in an article, as from what I've seen all of your edits are admirably NPOV.  However, there are others in this debate who would not hesitate to use the word and defend it as simply "the truth". Regardless, I feel your characterization of NGO Monitor to be surprisingly POV, given your NPOV edits.  On another note, I'm dismayed at your calling me a "hypocrite", when I'm pretty certain VfDs don't work in the way you described them; you still haven't responded there. Jayjg 21:53, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Don't blame me for your incessant POV pushing. --Alberuni 07:09, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Of course not; rather, I blame you for your own incessant POV pushing. ;-) Jayjg 20:49, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for fixing up 1982 Invasion of Lebanon; I must've edited across the name change. --style 11:59, 2004 Oct 24 (UTC)

User:Irate
User:Irate called me an idiot, would that be considered a personal attack and what if anything could you do about it?

--198 05:04, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * The best advice I've heard about personal attacks on Wikipedia is this: Ignore them. Sticks and stones, etc. As to what I can do about it: I can wag my finger at him, but that's about it; I'm not allowed to do much more than that. —No-One Jones (m) 05:08, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Alright well I just told him nicely to stop and I think it might work.--198 05:11, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Fort Edmonton
Hello. I see that you have edited the Fort Edmonton page to say that the picture was of a Hudson's Bay Company post near Fort Edmonton. Fort Edmonton was actually the name of the HBC fort. The city of Edmonton grew around this fort. I have reverted your edit, since it was inacurate. If you would like further details, I have also included a link on the page to the Fort Edmonton section of the Canadian Encyclopedia.
 * Thanks for fixing that. I must have misunderstood my source. —No-One Jones (m) 05:28, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * No problem. Your edit forced me to take a closer look at the article itself.  I added the picture without spending too much time reading the article.  I should have cleaned it up a bit when I added the picture.  I expect that this would have been less confusing for you.  -- JamesTeterenko 15:59, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

When I saw your change, I noticed that there was very little information about the history of the fort and it didn't even mention HBC (the article was mostly about the current Fort Edmonton Park). So, I have modified it a little bit to include some historical information. I'll probably clean it up some more when I have a bit of time to research it.

-- JamesTeterenko 05:27, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Stamps
USPS stamp use policy is here: http://www.usps.com/communications/organization/noncommlicensing.htm. Stamps made after 1977 are copyrighted, but they encourage non-commercial and educational use--we're supposed to get permission, which we haven't, so it's a gray area, but in general, I've always felt it's an okay use of a U.S. government product. jengod 18:48, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)

NO
RickK blocked me illegally either serve the warrent or BAN ME!--···---··· 04:13, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Maria Fidelis RC Convent
Why did you un-CSD Maria Fidelis RC Convent? It contains just one line of text saying it's in London - exactly the sort of scenario described in Wikipedia talk:Deletion policy/schools. DamienG 02:01, Oct 28, 2004 (UTC)

 * Because there's currently a lot of controversy over the deletion of school articles. Use VFD if you think it should be deleted. —No-One Jones (m) 02:21, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Collaboration project
Could you consider voting for Partisans (Yugoslvia) as a collaboration project?AndyL 21:29, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Feldspar comment
Feldspar is ceaselessly reverting me without dialog at Dedham, Massachusetts please take note of that. 216.153.214.94 05:01, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * If you have a dispute with Antaeus Feldspar over article content, try resolving it through normal means: the talk page, a request for comment, mediation, etc. Paying him back (if that's your intent) by deleting his comments just makes you look bad, and if you persist, will probably get you blocked. It's definitely not going to help create a better encyclopedia. —No-One Jones (m) 05:29, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * 216.153.214.94, a.k.a. our old friend Rex071404, is reverting me without dialog at:
 * Narbonic
 * The Prisoner
 * Mighty Jack
 * and Johann Beringer. Note how on this one I fixed a category tag, and Rex unfixed it simply because it was a change that I made.
 * He's also VfD'ed two articles purely because I happened to have worked on them and voted Keep on a third because I nominated the VfD: Votes for deletion/Godzilla vs SpaceGodzilla,  Votes for deletion/Mothers against videogame addiction and violence, and Votes for deletion/Dynamic-Animation.  He also shows his colors when he repays all the patience SWAdair had with his antics by opposing SWAdair's adminship just so that he can get in a jab at me.  The idea that he should be so blatantly showing bad faith with all these edits and I should be assuming good faith of his edits at Dedham, Massachusetts is laughable.  -- Antaeus Feldspar 05:44, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Read his talk page. He deletes my comments to him there. 216.153.214.94 05:35, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Has he done that anywhere else? Social conventions allow users a certain amount of latitude in handling their own talk pages; this includes deleting messages as they see fit. (I've explained this before, I think:, .) However, this freedom doesn't extend beyond one's own talk page; deleting comments from someone else's talk page is definitely not on. If he's done that, he should not have, but that's not an excuse for your misbehavior. —No-One Jones (m) 05:45, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

The issue of talk page deletion is not being tit-for-tatted. Rather, it's his repeated rv's at Dedham, Massachusetts. The talk page deletions are only mentioned to point out that Feldspar has forclosed all avenues of communications. 216.153.214.94 05:51, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Has he been abusing the article talk pages? —No-One Jones (m) 05:54, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

If ceaseless reverting (over a span of more than a month) without dialog counts as "abusing", then yes, he has. 216.153.214.94 06:07, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * From what I can see you haven't used the article talk page in over a month either, so we have a pot-and-kettle situation here. Try offering a compromise that takes both of your concerns into account. Right now I don't see any difference between your behavior and his. —No-One Jones (m) 06:16, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Then why are you not also admonishing him? 216.153.214.94 06:16, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Because he's not the one making mindless tit-for-tat reversions which are no better than vandalism. At least on Dedham, Massachusetts, he's given reasons for his edits, which is more than you can say for The Prisoner, Narbonic, Mighty Jack, or Johann Beringer. Right now your behavior in other articles is considerably worse than his, ergo I am trying to deal with you first. —No-One Jones (m) 06:20, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

History of the United States (1988-present)
Hi. "User:Neo-Comm" keeps on removing huge chunks of info on History of the United States (1988-present) while refusing to support this on talk. Someone needs to protect the page, but I cannot do so, having been the one reverting his changes. 172 06:04, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Done. —No-One Jones (m) 06:16, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks. 172 08:39, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Rex (in costume as 216)
Thanks for reverting Rex's change to my Talk page. When I saw you'd reverted something of his, I thought maybe you'd deleted some nastiness; I was prepared to thank you for your kind intentions but to say that I wanted to preserve all the comments made on my Talk page. Your actual revert was, of course, completely in keeping with that principle.

Here in New York City (and in Dedham), Halloween will be over in a couple hours. Maybe Rex will decide that costume time is over. JamesMLane 02:45, 1 Nov 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mirv/Archive 6


text:
Fuguing tune

The fuguing tune (often spelled fuging tune) is a variety of Anglo-American vernacular choral music. Fuguing tunes form a significant number of the songs found in the American Sacred Harp singing tradition. They first flourished in the mid-18th century and continue to be composed today.

Description
Fuguing tunes are sacred music, specifically, Protestant hymns. They are written for a four-part chorus singing a cappella. George Pullen Jackson has described the fuguing tune as follows:

"In the fuging tune all the parts start together and proceed in rhythmic and harmonic unity usually for the space of four measures or one musical sentence. The end of this sentence marks a cessation, a complete melodic close. During the next four measures the four parts set in, one at a time and one measure apart.  First the basses take the lead for a phrase a measure long, and as they retire on the second measure to their own proper bass part, the [tenors] take the lead with a sequence that is imitative of, if not identical with, that sung by the basses.  The tenors in turn give way to the altos, and they to the trebles, all four parts doing the same passage (though at different pitches) in imitation of the [part in the] preceding measure. ...  Following this fuguing passage comes a four-measure phrase, with all the parts rhythmically neck and neck, and this closes the piece; though the last eight measures are often repeated."

A well-known fuguing tune that is typical of the form is "Northfield", written in 1800 by Jeremiah Ingalls. The text is by Isaac Watts:

Variety in fuguing tunes
George Pullen Jackson's description above gives a common form for a fuguing tune, but there are variations. Jackson describes the entrance order of the four parts as "bottom to top" (Bass-Tenor-Alto-Treble), but this is not the only possible order. Indeed, in the fuguing tunes printed in The Sacred Harp, 1991 edition, it is not even the most common one; the most common order is Bass-Tenor-Treble-Alto. There are many other orders possible, particularly if one includes the many cases in which composers bring in two parts at once (so that there are just three instead of four entrances). However, it does seem to be a widely valid rule that the basses must at least be included in the first group to enter. This may reflect a wish to support the entrances with a solid bass line, or perhaps just a practical consideration: thanks to the weight of existing tradition, the bass singers have considerable practice in coming in alone at the beginning of a musical phrase, practice which the other sections lack. Thus a fuguing tune with a bass-first structure is likely to be more stable in performance.

History
The fuguing tune arose in England in the middle of the 18th century. The first fuguing tunes were the work of itinerant singing masters, described by Irving Lowens as follows:

"[The singing masters were] often ill-trained by orthodox standards ... [They] wandered from village to village and eked out an existence by teaching the intricacies of psalm-singing and the rudiments of music to all who cared to learn. To supplement his generally meager income, [the singing master] frequently sold self-compiled tune-books in which psalm tunes of his own composition ... were featured as examples of his skill and artistry."

According to Lowens, the fuguing tunes created by these singing masters at first involved a separate fuguing section appended to the end of a complete psalm tune. Later, the fuguing became more integrated and eventually evolved to be the longer part of the song.

There is good evidence that by 1760, English tune books including fuguing tunes were circulating in the American colonies; the first English fuguing tune printed in America appeared in the hymnbook Urania, or A Choice Collection of Psalm-Tunes, Anthems, and Hymns by James Lyon. Soon, fuguing tunes were being written in great profusion by American—especially New England—composers. Karl Kroeger (see reference below) has documented the publication of almost 1300 fuguing tunes during the period 1750–1820. Among the principal composers of New England fuguing tunes ("Yankee tunesmiths") Irving Lowens lists the following: William Billings, Daniel Read, Jacob French, Timothy Swan, Stephen Jenks, Supply Belcher, Abraham Maxim, Lewis Edson, Joseph Stone, Elisha West, Justin Morgan, and Daniel Belknap.

Fuguing tunes and fugues
The similarity of the terms "fugue" and "fuguing tune" means that the two forms are easily confused. A fuguing tune certainly is not some kind of failed attempt to write a fugue, as an ill-informed musicologist once asserted. This is plain from the different structures of the two genres: in a fugue, the voices take turns coming in at the very beginning of the piece, whereas in a fuguing tune that moment comes about a third of the way through. Moreover, in a fugue the musical material used at each entrance (the so-called "subject") is repeated many times throughout the piece, whereas in a fuguing tune it normally appears just in the one location of sequenced entries, and the rest of the work is somewhat more homophonic in texture.

Indeed, "fuguing" does not derive from "fugue". Rather, as Irving Lowens points out, both terms hark back to a still earlier, more general usage (ultimately from Latin fugere "to flee"). He cites the words of Thomas Morley, who wrote (in 1597 in his Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practicall Musicke), "We call that a Fuge, when one part beginneth and the other singeth the same, for some number of Notes (which the first did sing)." In modern musical terminology, this is called a "canon", though Lowens interprets the passage more loosely, explaining that "fuging is pretty well synonymous with what we today call the technique of imitative writing".

Books

 * Jackson, George Pullen (1933). White Spirituals in the Southern Uplands. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. (Unaltered reprint, as  White Spirituals in the Southern Uplands: The Story of the Fasola Folk, Their Songs, Singings, and "Buckwheat Notes". Hatboro, PA: Folklore Associates. Reprinted again under the same title, New York: Dover Publications, 1965. ISBN 0-486-21425-7.)
 * Kroeger, Karl (1993). American Fuging-Tunes, 1770-1820: A Descriptive Catalog .  Westport, CT:  Greenwood Press.  ISBN 0-313-29000-8.
 * Lowens, Irving (1953). "The Origins of the American Fuging Tune". Journal of the American Musicological Society 6, no. 1 (Spring): 43–52. Citations are from the reprinted version in Lowens (1964), except for the ones marked "Lowens 1953".
 * Lowens, Irving (1964). Music and Musicians in Early America. New York: W. W. Norton.
 * MacDougall, Hamilton Crawford (1940). Early New England Psalmody: An Historical Appreciation, 1620–1820. Brattleboro: Stephen Daye Press. Reprinted, Da Capo Press Music Reprint Series. New York: Da Capo Press, 1969.

title: Fuguing tune


text:
Lubyanka Square

Lubyanskaya Square (Лубянская площадь, Lubyanskaya ploshchad'), or simply Lubyanka in Moscow lies about 900 m north-east of Red Square. History first records its name in 1480, when Grand Prince Ivan III of Moscow, who had conquered Novgorod in 1471, settled many Novgorodians in the area. They built the church of St Sophia, modelled after St Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod, and called the area Lubyanka after the Lubyanitsa street of their native city.

Name
The square was renamed Dzerzhinsky Square for many years (1926–1990) in honor of the founder of the Soviet security service Felix Dzerzhinsky.

Square center
A fountain used to stand in front of the building, at the center of the Lubyanka Square. In 1958, the fountain at the center of the Lubyanka Square was replaced by an 11-ton statue of Felix Dzerzhinsky ("Iron Felix"), founder of the Cheka, made by Yevgeny Vuchetich.

On October 30, 1990, the Memorial organization erected the Solovetsky Stone, a monument to the victims of the Gulag, a simple stone from the Solovki prison camp in the White Sea. In 1991 the statue of Dzerzhinsky was removed by liberal protesters following the failure of the coup attempt against Mikhail Gorbachev, and the square's original name was officially restored.

Lubyanka Building
Lubyanka Square is best known for the monumental Lubyanka Building, designed by and constructed from 1897 to 1898. Originally built for the insurance company Rossiya, it later became better known for housing the headquarters of the KGB in its various incarnations. the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB) occupies the building.

Detsky Mir
Opposite the FSB building stands the massive Central Children's Store, known by its historical name of Detsky Mir (Де́тский мир, "Children World"), Europe's largest children's store, built between 1953 and 1957, and fully restored in 2014. It hosts in its main atrium the world's largest mechanical clock movement: Raketa Monumental.

Metro
The Moscow Metro station Lubyanka operates under Lubyanka Square.

title: Lubyanka Square


text: Talk:John Rutherford (Florida politician)


text:
University of Sydney Library

The University of Sydney Library is the library system of the University of Sydney. It comprises eight locations across several campuses of the university. Its largest library, Fisher Library, is named after Thomas Fisher, an early benefactor.

Among the collection are many rare items such as one of the two extant copies of the Gospel of Barnabas, and an annotated first edition of Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Sir Isaac Newton. In 2017, a member of staff discovered an original Giorgione sketch in Rare Books and Special Collections with a definitive date and cause of death for Giorgione, information that had been lost for over 500 years in a 1497 edition of Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy.

A brief history of the Library
In 1885, the university received thirty thousand pounds from the estate of the late Thomas Fisher, retired bootmaker and property investor, to be used "in establishing and maintaining a library".

There was a difference of opinion in the university on how to spend the bequest. The Chancellor thought the fund should be used for a building and to contribute to the salary of a Librarian, but the Vice Chancellor and Library Committee preferred to buy books. In 1887 a compromise was reached. £20,000 plus accumulated interest was set aside for a building fund with the hope that the government would provide matching funds and £10,000 was directed to an endowment for books.

After many reversals and delays the New South Wales government agreed to fund the full cost of a new library building and the Fisher capital could be preserved as an endowed book fund. Plans were drawn up for the library by the Government Architect, Walter Vernon, and construction took eight years.

The first Fisher Library opened in 1909. The reading room was in the Gothic tradition with a magnificent cedar roof but the adjoining multi-tier book stack was of advanced design, including two electric book lifts. The reading room is now the MacLaurin Hall.

Fisher Library
Fisher Library is the largest and first branch of the library system, located on Eastern Avenue on the Camperdown Campus, adjacent to Victoria Park. The Fisher Library is for University of Sydney students and staff. Its collection focuses on humanities, social science and commercial disciplines. The original Fisher Library, in the 19th century, was housed in the Quadrangle in what is presently the Senate Room. A purpose-built Fisher Library was completed in 1908 at the southwest corner of the Quadrangle, with its former reading room now known as MacLaurin Hall. The library was moved to its present location in 1962. Although it appears to be one building, the university classifies it as two separate buildings which are connected by foyer areas on the lower floors.

Fisher North

(Building F03) was built in 1962 and holds multiple copies of texts commonly used by undergraduate students of the university. This building also houses two computer labs, the audio and visual collection, the microform collection, the rare books and special collections section, and the photocopying room.

Fisher South

(Building F04) was built in 1967 with copper-clad outer walls. It is an accessible stack library with a larger and more historical collection. This building also houses the East Asian collection, the University Archives, and silent study desks. Some of the building's space is used by the School of Psychology.

Herbert Smith Freehills Law Library
Named after Herbert Smith Freehills, the Law Library moved into the New Law Building (F10) on the Camperdown Campus in April 2009, along with the rest of the Sydney Law School.

Located on Eastern Avenue, adjacent to Victoria Park, the Law Library is for University of Sydney students and staff. It is spread over 5000 square metres of floor space and houses substantial collections that support the needs of the Law School.

The library consists of a ground floor that contains the majority of the collections, staff area, information desk, printing/photocopying facilities and computer access. Upstairs on the mezzanine level are the research collections and six more group study rooms. All of these rooms are equipped with computers.

SciTech Library
Following an international design competition, the SciTech Library was opened in late 2008 on the first floor of the new Jane Foss Russell Building, at the junction between the Darlington and Camperdown campuses. It consolidates the collections of the former architecture, engineering, Madsen and mathematics libraries in one location.

There is an exhibition space, meeting and training rooms, private booths and group tables in the SciTech Library.

ThinkSpace
ThinkSpace is a "technology showcase" and "creative play space". These technologies are supported by Peer Learning Advisers (PLAs) who guide, support and assist clients in using the ThinkSpace. The space was officially launched on 1 September 2016.

It has:
 * a Lulzbot Taz6 3D printer
 * a Carvey CNC
 * One Button Recording Studio
 * Video Wall
 * iMacs
 * Soldering station
 * graphics tablets
 * touchscreen pods.

CreateSpace
CreateSpace is on Level 4 of the Susan Wakil Health Building on the Camperdown Campus. It officially opened on 1 March 2021.

Susan Wakil Health Building Library
Opened on 22 February 2021, this library occupies three levels of the new Susan Wakil Health Building on the Camperdown Campus, situated in the university's growing health precinct, near the Charles Perkins Centre and Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH).

The Susan Wakil Health Building (SWHB) Library has physical collections with a focus on health sciences, nursing and midwifery.

The Quarter

The Quarter is a postgraduate coursework space located on the ground floor of the Badham Building on Science Road next to the Holme Building, one of the centres of student activity on Camperdown Campus.

The Quarter was formerly called the Badham Library, and the Badham Library's collection was consolidated into the SciTech Library.

Camden Commons
Camden Library is located at 335 Werombi Road on the University of Sydney Camden Campus, approximately 65 km west from the City of Sydney, located just outside Camden.

The library supports research, teaching and study in the fields of veterinary science and agriculture. The library underwent a refurbishment in 2015 as part of its transition to a library commons.

Conservatorium Library
The Conservatorium Library is located within the Sydney Conservatorium of Music Building, Macquarie Street by the gates to Government House, right next to the Royal Botanic Gardens in the centre of the city.

The library was not always within the Greenway Building, in fact, due to space problems, many departments of the Conservatorium found themselves spread around the city during the last century. The library spent time in what is now the Intercontinental Hotel as well as other locations around Pitt and Hunter streets. The need for one location with enough space for the Sydney Conservatorium of Music prompted the State Government to step in and rebuild the Greenway Building at a cost of A$144 million. In 2001, upon completion of the works, the entire Conservatorium (including the library) moved back into what is now a renovation of a historical space.

The entrance level contains the display room for exhibits and the majority of the collection as well as the public access computers, printers and photocopiers. Level 1 includes the quiet study areas, the training room, and an AV room.

Other collections
Most of the other libraries of the University of Sydney Library are associated with particular schools and faculties. While these libraries specialise in their collections, there is no restriction on their use by borrowers.

title: University of Sydney Library


text:
Talk:Confluence (disambiguation)

Beautiful job, guys.--Piewalker 03:52, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Needs some work
Thanks, if you feel like contributing to critical pairs and terminating rewrites, I'd appreciate it. I haven't got time at the moment to sit down and do a good job.

Spun off Etymology section
Added this section to more properly distinguish from Geography section. I'd love to talk more about critical pairs and terminating rewrites, but dude, I have no idea what you're talking about! That's programming lingo. I suggest you do some rewrites to add context and meaning to your additions so anyone on the Internet, including a 12 year old, could understand what it means. Fair?

Rewrites to Confluence
Good Idea! :) I think I'll start with a nice simple intuitive example and then build it up from there. When I first wrote this I was just working up something that would formalize my own thoughts. I'll work something up this weekened. Thanks for ur additions, very helpfull. flashmob

My pleasure. Regards.--Piewalker 04:50, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Cleanup
This page should be split up and made into a disabiguation page. —R. Koot 20:48, 27 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I concur. I suggest the following organization:
 * A disambiguation page at confluence describing the general concept and providing links to specific applications. The etymology can go here or (preferably) be moved to confluence.
 * The geography concept can be placed at confluence (geography) or, if there's no possibility for expansion, just described briefly in the disambiguation page, with a link to confluence.
 * The language can be placed at Confluence language as a stub. Presumably if it's a language then there's plenty of room for expansion.
 * The computer-science meaning can be placed at confluence (computer science) or confluence (rewriting).
 * I'll do this myself if I unexpectedly find myself with lots of free time. —Caesura(t) 09:53, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Since we agree on the nature of the proposed cleanup, I've changed the cleanup tag to a split tag. —Caesura(t) 09:57, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I've implemented the split as ya'll described. Hopefully, I got it right; it's the largest split I've attempted so far. I've left the entymology paragraph here, as I don't know anything about the wiktionary. I'm sure ya'll will fix up whatever mistakes I've made. -- Mikeblas 23:10, 17 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks for doing all that work. I've gone ahead and moved all the dictionary stuff (the definition and the etymology) over to confluence and included a link from Wikipedia, per Manual of Style (disambiguation pages). Hope no one minds. —Caesura(t) 15:16, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

What about the company http://www.confluencewatersports.com/ ?Mfranck 22:55, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

 * What about it? Is it notable? Its Alexa Internet ranking is 784,668. If you feel it does merit inclusion, you are more than welcome to write an article on it (and link to your article from this page), but other Wikipedians who do not find the topic notable may nominate it for deletion. —Caesura(t) 15:13, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Confluence Holdings Corp. is the largest manufacturer for canoes, kayaks and accessories worldwide. Perhaps more known are the companies: http://www.wildernesssystems.com/ (493,300), http://www.wavesport.com/ (698, 370), Perception (http://www.kayaker.com/ 473,032), http://www.dagger.com/ (717,605) just to name a few. All of them are ranked higher in Alexa.Mfranck 21:51, 29 January 2006 (UTC)

Article Split
The split looks good. I'm fine with this. --Piewalker 16:34, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

hey sexy jamp pot

title: Talk:Confluence (disambiguation)


text: User talk:68.196.216.74

title: User talk:68.196.216.74


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Sydney/Landmarks

 * Sydney Opera House
 * Sydney Harbour Bridge
 * Gladesville Bridge
 * Sydney Tower/Centrepoint

title: Wikipedia:WikiProject Sydney/Landmarks


text:
Sam Jaffe (producer)

Sam Jaffe (May 21, 1901 – January 10, 2000) was, at different points in his career in the motion picture industry, an agent, a producer, and a studio executive.

Biography
Jaffe was born in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, the son of Russian-Jewish immigrants Hannah and Max Jaffe. He had three older siblings: Joseph, David, and Adeline. He was raised on the Lower East Side of Manhattan.

After dropping out of DeWitt Clinton High School, he took a job as an office boy for the Famous Players–Lasky Corporation where his brother-in-law, B. P. Schulberg, was an executive. He eventually worked his way up through the ranks to become the executive in charge of production including films directed by Ernst Lubitsch, Josef von Sternberg, and Rouben Mamoulian. In 1932, he was released from Paramount over internal politics.

He worked briefly for Harry Cohn at Columbia Pictures before joining the Schulberg-Feldman agency, co-founded by his older sister Adeline Schulberg with Charles K. Feldman. In 1933, his sister left the firm to form the Ad Schulberg agency after her divorce from B.P. Schulberg; the firm represented such top actors as Marlene Dietrich, Fredric March, and Herbert Marshall before she sold it and moved to London.

In 1935, Jaffe opened his own talent agency named the Jaffe Agency. While running the agency, he convinced 20th Century Fox head Darryl F. Zanuck to let him produce The Fighting Sullivans in 1944. He successfully represented several stars and directors of the era, including Humphrey Bogart, Fritz Lang, Raoul Walsh, Stanley Kubrick, Lauren Bacall, David Niven, Zero Mostel, Richard Burton, Mary Astor, Barbara Stanwyck, Lee J. Cobb, and Jennifer Jones. In the late 1940s, his business was negatively affected by the investigations of many of his clients by the House Un-American Activities Committee investigations into Hollywood. In 1949, he sold the Jaffe Agency to his brother-in-law, Phil Gersh, who had been working with him.

In 1959, Jaffe retired and moved to London. There he produced several films, including Born Free (1966) and Theater of Blood (1973). In 1985, he returned to Los Angeles and became a collector of modern art.

Personal life
Jaffe was married to Mildred Gersh, also from New York. One of her younger brothers was Phil Gersh, who moved from New York to Los Angeles and became a Hollywood agent. After working with Jaffe, Gersh purchased the Jaffe Agency in 1949. He renamed it in the 1960s as The Gersh Agency.

Sam and Mildred Jaffe had three daughters: Naomi Jaffe Carroll, Barbara Jaffe Kohn, and Judith Jaffe Tolmach Silber.

Partial filmography

 * Theater of Blood (1973)
 * Born Free (1966)
 * Damian and Pythias (1962)
 * The Fighting Sullivans (1944)
 * Diplomaniacs (1933)
 * The Vanishing Frontier (1932)

title: Sam Jaffe (producer)


text:
Sam Jaffe

Shalom "Sam" Jaffe (March 10, 1891 – March 24, 1984) was an American actor, teacher, musician, and engineer. In 1951, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in The Asphalt Jungle (1950). He also appeared in The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951) and Ben-Hur (1959), and is additionally known for his roles as the titular character in Gunga Din (1939) and as the "High Lama" in Lost Horizon (1937).

Early life
Jaffe was born to Ukrainian Jewish parents Heida (Ada) and Barnett Jaffe at 97 Orchard Street (current location of the Lower East Side Tenement Museum) in New York City, New York. His mother was a Yiddish actress in Odesa, Ukraine, prior to moving to the United States; his father was a jeweller. He was the youngest of four children; his siblings were Abraham, Sophie, and Annie. As a child, he appeared in Yiddish theatre productions with his mother, who after moving to the United States became a prominent actress and vaudeville star. He graduated from Townsend Harris High School and studied engineering at City College of New York, graduating in 1912. He later attended Columbia University for graduate studies. He also worked for several years as a teacher, and then dean, of mathematics at the Bronx Cultural Institute, a college preparatory school, before returning to acting in 1915.

Career
As a young man, he lived in Greenwich Village in the same apartment building as a young John Huston. The two men became good friends and remained so for life. Jaffe was later to star in two of Huston's films: The Asphalt Jungle and The Barbarian and the Geisha. Jaffe's closest friends included Zero Mostel, Edward G. Robinson, Ray Bradbury, and Igor Stravinsky. In 1923 he appeared in the Broadway premiere of God of Vengeance (Got fun Nekome) by Sholem Asch, as Reb Ali. The production became notorious after the cast, producer, and theatre owner were indicted and found guilty on charges of indecency in May 1923. Jaffe began to work in film in 1934, rising to prominence with his first role as the mad Tsar Peter III in The Scarlet Empress. In 1938, Jaffe was forty-seven years old when he played the title role of bhisti (waterbearer) Gunga Din.

Jaffe was blacklisted by the Hollywood movie studio bosses during the 1950s, supposedly for being a communist sympathizer. Despite this, he was hired first by Robert Wise for The Day the Earth Stood Still and then by director William Wyler for his role in the 1959 Academy Award-winning version of Ben-Hur.

Jaffe co-starred in the ABC television series, Ben Casey as Dr. David Zorba from 1961 to 1965 alongside Vince Edwards. He also made many guest-starring roles on other series, including Batman as Mr. Zoltan Zorba, and the Western Alias Smith and Jones. In 1975, he co-starred as a retired doctor who is murdered by Janet Leigh in the Columbo episode "Forgotten Lady". He also appeared with an all-star cast in the TV pilot film of Rod Serling's Night Gallery and as Emperor Norton in one episode of Bonanza.

Personal life and death
Jaffe was married to American operatic soprano and musical comedy star Lillian Taiz from 1926 until her death from cancer in 1941. In 1956, he married actress Bettye Ackerman, 33 years his junior, with whom he later co-starred in Ben Casey. She died on November 1, 2006. He had no children from either marriage.

A Democrat, Jaffe supported the campaign of Adlai Stevenson II during the 1952 presidential election.

Jaffe died of cancer in Beverly Hills, California, in 1984, two weeks after his 93rd birthday. He was cremated at the Pasadena Crematory in Altadena, California, and his ashes were given to his surviving wife, Bettye, and, upon her death in 2006, buried with her at Williston Cemetery in Williston, South Carolina.

Television credits

 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1960) (Season 5 Episode 16: "The Ikon of Elijah") - the Abbot
 * The Law and Mr. Jones, 1960–1961, two episodes as Martin Berger
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1961) (Season 6 Episode 18: "The Greatest Monster of Them All") - Hal Ballew
 * The Westerner, episode "The Old Man" (1961) – Old Man McKeen
 * The Untouchables, episode "Augie 'The Banker' Ciamino" (1961) – Luigi Valcone
 * Naked City, Economy of Death (1961) – Lazslo Lubasz
 * The Islanders, "To Bell a Cat" (1961) – Papa Mathews
 * Ben Casey (series, 1961–1965) – Dr. David Zorba, with Vince Edwards (127 episodes)
 * Daniel Boone (1964 TV series), S2/E12 "The First Beau" (1965) – Jed Tolson
 * Bonanza, episode "The Emperor Norton" (1966) – Joshua Norton
 * Batman, episode "Walk the Straight and Narrow" (1966) – Zoltan Zorba (uncredited)
 * Night Gallery, "The Escape Route" segment (1969)
 * Alias Smith and Jones, episodes "The Great Shell Game" (1971), "A Fistful of Diamonds" (1971) and "Bad Night in Big Butte" (1972) – Soapy Saunders
 * The Snoop Sisters, episode "Corpse and Robbers" (1973) – Issac Waldersack
 * QB VII (1974 miniseries) : Dr. Mark Tessler
 * The Streets of San Francisco, episode "Mr. Nobody" (1974) – Alex Zubatuk
 * S.W.A.T., episode "Omega One" (1975) – Dr. Brunner
 * Columbo: "Forgotten Lady" (1975)
 * Harry O, episode "The Acolyte" (1975) – Dr. Howard Cambridge
 * The Bionic Woman, episode "Kill Oscar: Part 3" (1976) – Admiral Richter
 * Kojak, episode "Tears for All Who Loved Her" (1977) – Papa
 * Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, episode "Flight Of The War Witch" (1980) – Council Leader
 * The Love Boat, Professor Weber, (1983)

title: Sam Jaffe


text:
Lo-Pro

Lo-Pro is an American rock band formed in 2002 by Pete Murray and Neil Godfrey after the disbandment of their previous band, Ultraspank, in 2001. After attracting the attention of Aaron Lewis of Staind, the band signed to a major record label, Geffen Records, and released their debut album, Lo-Pro in 2003. After a year of touring in support of the album, they would be dropped from their label. The band stayed together, but it would be almost six years until any further music releases, with the band opting to record and re-record several album's worth of material, participate in side-projects, and perform live shows prior to finalizing new material for release.

The long gap in releases in turn lead to a number of consecutive releases in the following years, including the Letting Go EP in 2009, a second album, The Beautiful Sounds of Revenge, in 2010, and an acoustic album, Bittersweet, under the pseudonym "Life on Planet 9", in 2011. The band briefly returned to working under the Lo-Pro name to release a third studio album, Disintegration Effect, in 2013, before returning to the "Life On Planet 9" moniker to release The Theory of Everything in 2014, and Higher in January 2017. Concurrently, Murray and ex-bassist John Fahnestock have also started up and released music under a new band called White Noise Owl as well.

Formation and Lo-Pro (2002–2004)
In the late 1990s, vocalist Pete Murray and guitarist Neil Godfrey formed and recorded two albums in the band Ultraspank. After the poor sales of their second album, Progress, the band parted ways with their record label and ultimately disbanded. Initially burned out with the music industry, Murray and Godfrey eventually met up and began working on music together, refreshed being able to work without the pressures of dealing with a label. The two put together a demo album in one of their bedrooms, where they recorded everything between the two of them; Godfrey handling all guitar work and Murray handling vocals and all other aspects through programming in Pro Tools. They were able to attract the attention of Aaron Lewis, of Staind, who had just started up his own vanity record label, "413 Records", at Geffen Records. Lewis made the band the first to be signed to the label, stating that he felt even the early rough demo sounded "better than 80 percent of the albums released today."

After being signed based on the demo alone, Murray and Godfrey needed to assemble a full band for the band's for recording their debut album. The band recruited Tommy Stewart, the previous drummer for Godsmack, as their drummer. Additionally, John Fahnestock, who had met Murray and Godfrey while touring alongside Ultraspank in the band Snot at Ozzfest 1998, was also recruited as the bassist. The band rounded out the lineup with second guitarist Pete Ricci.

With the band assembled, recording for the album began in January 2003. The band worked with music producer Don Gilmore, who had previously worked with Linkin Park and Pearl Jam. The band recorded for the first half of the year, and then released Lo-Pro on September 30, 2003. It peaked at no. 9 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart, and stayed on the chart for two weeks. One single was released, "Sunday", which peaked at no. 20 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks and no. 27 on Modern Rock Tracks. The track also appeared in the 989 Studios game MLB 2004 for the PlayStation 2. Murray said of the single "It's definitely not about watching football or going to church. It's really about how I've never had anything to look forward to on Sunday. I never liked going to school or going to a job, and when Sunday comes, you just know things are gonna hit the wringer the following day." The band had planned on releasing a second single, bassist Jonathan Fahnestock had even asked the internet community to vote for which track it would be, but it never surfaced. However, the track "Ignition" was featured in the 2004 PC game The Ultimate Dodge Garage.

The band toured extensively alongside Staind and Three Days Grace into 2004. Additionally, on April 24, 2004, they released a 3 track acoustic EP exclusively through Napster, containing acoustic takes of "Sunday", "Ignition", and "Not Me". However, by June 2004, the band announced that they had been dropped by Geffen Records. Despite this, the band confirmed that they were still on good terms with Lewis and Staind, were not disbanding, and were in fact already working on writing and recording more music.

Letting Go and The Beautiful Sounds of Revenge (2005–2010)
After the loss of their record label, the band would stay together, but would not formally release music again until 2009. The band would go several years with minimal outward communication with the public, but would instead commonly release a new song for internet streaming once or twice a year to show they were still together and progress was being made on future releases. The band would allude to Let It Go as a tentative title for future releases at the time. From their Myspace account, they streamed early versions of many songs, including the track "Ingenious" in May 2005, "Breathe" in May 2006, "Blame Me" in June 2006, and "Texas" and "You Lie" in August 2007.

During these years, a number of different side-projects were also initiated by various members of the band. Murray, taking a break from creating music, turned to more producer-type roles. Most notably, he engineered and co-produced industrial rock band Ghost Machine's album Hypersensitive, where he worked with future Five Finger Death Punch vocalist Ivan Moody and The Clay People's guitarist John Stevens. After completing the album, Murray started up a new band with Stevens, and Walter Flakus of Stabbing Westward, called Chokt. Described as an outlet for music that didn't quite fit Lo-Pro, a formal album was never released, although nine songs were streamed online over the course of time before Lo-Pro would release another album. Meanwhile, Tommy Stewart worked as a short-term replacement drummer for a number of bands such as Fuel and Everclear, while John Fahnestock initially started a new band, "Noise Within" before eventually leaving permanently when his previous band, Snot, reformed with a new lead singer as Tons. He would be replaced by past Ultraspank member Jerry Olivera.

In 2007, the band began to focus on a more acoustic-driven songs. Upon Aaron Lewis wrapping up touring in support Staind's Chapter V album, Lo-Pro joined him for a short acoustic tour. The band debuted a number of songs that would later be released on future album, including tracks "Letting Go", "Hang On", "Today", and "All I Have". Murray mentioned the possibility a live DVD release of these concerts, though such a release has yet to surface. Additionally, the band started another Myspace page up under the name of "Lo-Pro Acoustic", and streamed several new acoustic studio tracks, including "Clean the Slate", the otherwise unreleased "This is Not Goodbye", and a cover of Filter's song "Consider This".

In an early 2008 interview, Murray detailed the band's progress and future plans:

"'We really want to release something but we're the most prolific we've ever been so we've been recording like crazy. It's hard to stop. We've got a couple of rock records almost ready and we're almost done with our acoustic record, we promise...You're definitely going to hear a raw version of Lo-Pro which was always our intention. I love our first record but, holy crap, it was over-produced. We don't nit pick as much anymore, we move on. The acoustic album will be a first as well....We're lagging but we're really hoping the get this acoustic record out first in the spring with a rock record right behind it.'"

Despite plans to release music in early 2008, the band feared the material felt more like a demo than a finished product, so they began to rework, expand, and further polish the material more in further recording sessions with Angus Cooke. The band would post two more tracks, "This Way" and "Get Out of My Way" in August 2008, neither of which would make the cut for future releases. Murray would also release a demo of a piano-based cover version of the song "Drive" by The Cars, of which he was unsuccessful in convincing band members to record a full band version. The early version of "Texas" was even featured briefly in the Scrubs episode "My Bad Too" in 2008.

The band spent the first half of the year quietly working recording more music, before announcing in May 2009 that they would be part of the "Stimulate This" tour in mid-2009 with Staind, Shinedown, Halestorm, and Chevelle. The band would also briefly join Creed's reunion arena tour, around the same time-frame, playing on some of the dates where Creed would record their live DVD Creed Live, which broke the world record for most video cameras used at a live music event. With the album still not ready, but the band wanting something to release to capitalize on the high-profile touring, they instead opted to release a six track extended play titled Letting Go. The band would release a physical copy at their live shows in July, and a digital copy in October. The physical version contained six tracks, "Texas", "Hang On", "Alive", "Today", "Breathe", and "Letting Go", while the digital version lacked the track "Alive". Murray mentioned that "Alive" was kept off due to "single potential" for their future full-length album, although the track had already been made available for free download just prior to touring.

After the 2009 touring, the band returned to the studio and completed their second full album, which they would announce to be The Beautiful Sounds of Revenge. The band announced they had signed to smaller indie label "Rocket Science Ventures" and that the album would be released on May 25, 2010, though it was eventually delayed two weeks to June 8 to fit a few more songs on the album. The album's first and only single would be the track "Alive", which was released on May 4, 2010. The album contained all tracks from Letting Go except for "Today", plus an additional nine tracks, although many were reworked versions of tracks streamed in the time between the two albums.

The band toured in support of the album in the second half of 2010, most notably an acoustic show in the benefit concert being put on Aaron Lewis in support of his charity foundation "It Takes A Community" on August 14, 2010. Additionally, the final version of the song "Texas" is a playable track for the game Tap Tap Revenge 3.

Bittersweet (2011)
After the release of The Beautiful Sounds of Revenge, Murray confirmed that there were still intentions of releasing an acoustic album as he had alluded to in the years prior, but the band had wanted to return from their inactivity with an album with an electric sound closer to their original album first, then proceed with the acoustic material. Recent comments have confirmed working on recording acoustic material. In August 2010, they released a new acoustic version of "Clean the Slate", different from the version available on their Myspace in 2007. It was originally in contention for the acoustic album, but was ultimately left off.

Murray confirmed again that the album was still coming out, and was due out sometime in Spring 2011, and that there'd be a holiday preview of a song off the album with a "Yule Log" video, much like how they had done previously on New Year's Eve 2009. One new song, "Sweet Silence", was debuted in this fashion.

On July 31, Murray announced that the album would be titled Bittersweet, and would actually be released under the pseudonym "Life on Planet 9". Despite releasing it under this new name, Murray confirmed that it was still the Lo-Pro acoustic album, containing the same members, that had been working for years. It was first released in physical format at a live show on August 20, 2011, and was made available on iTunes on August 20, 2011. The album was digitally released on CDBaby on August 24, and on August 25 on iTunes.

The album contains a new version of the song "Wheels", a song Lo-Pro had demoed for their self-titled album in 2002.

On December 21, Murray posted the yearly Yule Log, revealing a new song entitled "Ammunition".

Disintegration Effect (2012–2013)
In early 2012, Murray confirmed that the band had started the process of putting together their third studio album, but said that, unlike prior releases, they wouldn't be leaking or streaming tracks beforehand because it sounded "different". Murray also confirmed that the band would continue to record their more acoustic/electronic material under the "Life on Planet 9" moniker, concurrently with the third Lo-Pro album, and released a new track for it titled "What Would You Say". Despite both moving concurrently, the band's primary focus would be releasing the third album under the "Lo-Pro" name. By the end of the year, the band has completed eight songs for the album and were aiming for an early 2013 release. In December 2012, Murray narrowed it down further, stating that the band was aiming for a February 2013 release date. A ninth track was completed in January 2013. By early February, Murray stated that the band had started the mixing process, and that the album release would likely fall into March 2013. He also announced that a Life on Planet 9 album would be released after the album.

On April 22, 2013, Murray announced that the title of the third album would be Disintegration Effect, which was released on May 14, 2013.

Side-projects and other releases (2014–present)
After the release of Disintegration Effect, Murray joined a new band, called White Noise Owl with original Lo-Pro bassist John Fahnestock. They released an EP, Until We Meet Again, on March 11, 2014, and have recorded a full-length album as well, which is scheduled for release in 2017. Two more albums under the "Life On Planet 9" moniker were recorded and released as well: The Theory of Everything in 2014, and Higher on January 31, 2017.

Musical style and influences
The band is commonly classified as a form of melodic hard rock.

Influences for the band include bands such as Pink Floyd and Alice in Chains. Murray specifically says several bands have influenced his vocals, including Led Zeppelin and U2, and the music of Peter Gabriel.

Members

 * Current members
 * Pete Murray – vocals, programming (2002–present)
 * Neil Godfrey – guitar (2002–present)
 * Pete Ricci – guitar (2002–present)
 * Jerry Oliviera – bass (2009–present)
 * Tommy Stewart – drums (2002–present)

 * Former members
 * John Fahnestock – bass (2002–2008)

Discography

 * Albums
 * Lo-Pro (2003)
 * The Beautiful Sounds of Revenge (2010)
 * Disintegration Effect (2013)

 * Under pseudonym "Life on Planet 9"
 * Bittersweet (2011)
 * The Theory of Everything (2014)
 * Higher (2017)
 * Steady EP (2020)

 * EPs
 * Letting Go (2009)

 * Singles
 * "Sunday" (2003)
 * "Alive" (2010)

title: Lo-Pro


text:
Aya Matsuura

Aya Matsuura (松浦 亜弥) is a former Japanese pop singer and actress, from Himeji, Hyogo, Japan.

2000–2009: Hello! Project
Aya auditioned in 2000 for the fourth Morning Musume & Heike Michiyo Protegee Audition and was selected along with Sheki-Dol to become a part of what was later known as Hello! Project. After being chosen from that audition, Matsuura began her solo career. In time, she would become one of Hello! Project's biggest acts.

Aside from a successful solo career, Matsuura (nicknamed Ayaya), also did numerous collaborations with other members of Hello! Project, including special, usually short lived groups Gomattou with Maki Goto and Miki Fujimoto; Nochiura Natsumi with Maki Goto and Natsumi Abe; and DEF.DIVA with Maki Goto, Natsumi Abe, and Rika Ishikawa. She also did the "Folk Song" series which feature Yuko Nakazawa and other Hello! Project artists, as well as Hello! Project's shuffle groups (3nin Matsuri in 2001, Odoru 11 in 2002, Salt5 in 2003, and the larger H.P. All Stars in 2004).

She also formed the duo GAM with Miki Fujimoto in debuted September 2006. Their first single, "Thanks!" reached the #2 position on the Oricon.

Matsuura starred in the Japanese film Sukeban Deka: Codename = Asamiya Saki (known internationally as Yo-Yo Girl Cop) opposite Rika Ishikawa, released on September 30, 2006.

On October 9, 2006, both concerts she was supposed to hold that day were cancelled, as she was not feeling well. Soon several unsourced rumours emerged considering the possibility she might be suffering from Temporomandibular joint disorder. Following the cancellation of the two concerts, Matsuura's management confirmed the rumours, reported the young idol had been taking painkillers to continue working and scheduled a press conference to discuss her condition. On the following day Matsuura made a public statement on PBS apologizing to her fans and expressing her desire to get back to her singing career as soon as possible.

Since her press conference, Matsuura returned to her normal hosting duties on her weekly radio show, "Matsuura Aya no All Night Nippon" and returned to singing in a limited capacity, as demonstrated on her appearance on Hey! Hey! Hey! Music Champ on October 23, 2006.

On March 8, 2008, Matsuura—as a secret guest—performed at the opening ceremony of the Fourth Special Olympics Japan Winter National Games, a national event in preparation of the 2009 Special Olympics World Winter Games held in Boise, Idaho. She performed the song "Kizuna", which was released on May 21, 2008, as her 20th single.

2008–2013: Graduation and Reshuffle
It was officially announced on October 19, 2008, that Matsuura would be graduating from Hello! Project along with the rest of Elder Club. Before her graduation, Matsuura released her fifth studio album, Omoi Afurete, on January 21, 2009, and her 21st single, "Chocolate Damashii", was released on February 11 for Valentine's Day.

Matsuura graduated from Hello! Project on March 31, 2009, but months later, on August 26, 2009, Matsuura launched her own blog called Ayablog and announced that her Omoi Afurete tour will be her last for two or three years. However, she has since released a Cover Album (Click You, Link Me, 2010). In late August 2011, it was revealed that she is diagnosed with endometriosis, which has been and will continue to limit her concert activities in the future. However, from 2009 to 2013, She has consistently released Acoustic Concerts, known as "Aya Matsuura's Maniac Series". She was signed to UpFront Create, along with some of the members of the Hello Project! Elder Club. At the end of the year, she performed along with all other Hello Project members at the concert "Hello! Project COUNTDOWN PARTY 2013 ~GOOD BYE & HELLO!~" where she announced her indefinite hiatus.

2022: Return to Entertainment
On January 27, Matsuura was a guest on the podcast Matthew's Matthew hosted by Takashi Fujii, thus marking the end of an almost decade long hiatus. On April 14, Matsuura was featured in a commercial for Nescafe 'Excella' coffee. On August 9, Keita Tachibana announced on Twitter that a new single 'Addicted' would be released on November 25.

Other appearances
Matsuura has appeared in many commercials for various companies; notably Pretz snack foods, Epson color printers, and Kirin beverages. She has also taken part and co-hosts the television show Utawara with other names in Japanese entertainment such as Johnny Jimusho's Jun Matsumoto.

Personal life
Matsuura and Keita Tachibana registered their marriage on August 4, 2013, after almost 12 years of dating. They held their wedding ceremony in Hawaii on October 7. On December 21, 2014, the couple announced the birth of their first child, a baby girl.

Singles
† A cover of Chisato Moritaka's 1993 original. The bridge in the title is one of twelve bridges that cross the Watarase River in the city of Ashikaga.

†† Last release within Hello! Project, as she graduated soon after its release.

Videos

 * 2001-04-25 – Bi Shojo Nikki Part 1 (美・少女日記 1)
 * 2001-06-27 – Bi Shojo Nikki Part 2 (美・少女日記 2)
 * 2001-09-05 – Bi Shojo Nikki Part 3 (美・少女日記 3)
 * 2001-12-12 – Bi Shojo Nikki Part 4 (美・少女日記 4)
 * 2002-08-07 – Concert Tour 2002 Haru "First Date" at Tokyo Kokusai Forum (ファーストコンサートツアー2002春「ファーストデート」 at 東京国際フォーラム)
 * 2002-10-09 – Matsuura Aya Single M Clips 1 (松浦亜弥シングルMクリップス1)
 * 2003-02-19 – Yeah! Meccha Raibu at Nakano Sun Plaza (Yeah! めっちゃライブ at 中野サンプラザ)
 * 2003-02-26 – Alo-Hello! (アロハロ!)
 * 2003-03-12 – Ne~e? (ね～え?)

Photobooks

 * Solo photobooks
 * 2001-12-01 – Matsuura Aya 1st Photobook (松浦亜弥 1st写真集)
 * 2003-02-14 – Alo-Hello! (アロハロ!)
 * 2004-01-15 – Ma'! Chura (まっ!ちゅら)
 * 2004-06-25 – Alo-Hello! 2 (アロハロ!2)
 * 2005-03-19 – a

 * Concert photobooks
 * 2002-06-04 – First-Date (ファースト・デート)
 * 2004-07-07 – ~Watashi to Watashi to Anata~ (～私と私とあなた～)

 * Other photobooks
 * 2003-04-11 – Ayaya to Mikitty (アヤヤとミキティ)
 * 2003-09-30 – Matsuura Aya in Hello! Project 2003 Summer
 * 2004-03-13 – Matsuura Aya in Hello! Project 2004 Winter
 * 2004-09-28 – Matsuura Aya in Hello! Project 2004 Summer
 * 2005-07-06 – Nochiura Natsumi Live Photobook "Triangle Energy" (後浦なつみライブ写真集「Triangle Energy」)

Films

 * ''Ao no Honō (2003)
 * Sukeban Deka: Codename = Asamiya Saki (2006)

Radio

 * Matsuura Aya Let's do it!! (松浦亜弥 Let's do it!!) – JOLF, etc. (April, 2001—2005-03-27)
 * Matsuura Aya All Night Nippon (松浦亜弥のオールナイトニッポン) – JOLF and other thirty-five radio stations in Japan (2005-03-30 — 2006-12-27)
 * Matsuura Aya FIVE STARS– InterFM 76.1 (TUESDAY 松浦亜弥) (Start date 2007-10-02)October 2007-September 2009 (End date 2009-09-29)

Commercials

 * Pretz (2002–2006, Ezaki Glico)
 * Tessera (2002–2004, Shiseido)
 * Gogo no Kocha (2003–2008, Kirin Beverage)
 * Colorio Printer (2003–2005, Epson)
 * Sega PuyoPuyo Fever (2004)
 * Papico (2004–2006, Ezaki Glico)
 * Pocky (2004–2005, Ezaki Glico)
 * Sky PerfecTV! (2004–2005, SKY Perfect Communications)
 * Super Mild (2004–2005, Shiseido)
 * Scooter Let's 4 (2004–2005, Suzuki)
 * Nissin Yakisoba UFO (2005–2006, Nissin)
 * Aoyama Trading (Youfuku Aoyama) (2005–2008)
 * Youpack (2005–2006, Japan Post)
 * Scooter Address V50 (2006, Suzuki)
 * Expressway ETC (2007, Organization for Road System Enhancement) -- song only
 * Center-in (2007, Unicharm)
 * Fried Chicken (2008, FamilyMart) -- also the song "Kichin to Chicken" lyrics and music by Fujioka Fujimaki, a folk song duo.
 * Mezamashi Gohan (2009, MAFF)
 * Top "Clear Liquid" (since 2009, Lion)
 * Vitamin Water (since 2009, Suntory)
 * Roots Aroma Impact (since 2010, JT Foods), etc.

Video games

 * CR Matsuura Aya (PlayStation 2)
 * Guitar Freaks 8th mix / Drummania 7th mix (Momoiro Kataomoi, covered by Yu Uchida)
 * Donkey Konga (Japanese version, Momoiro Kataomoi covered by an unknown artist)
 * Daigasso! Band Brothers (Yeah! Meccha Holiday, instrumental)
 * Go-Go-Tea Miniature Golf (Kirin Beverage)
 * Donkey Konga 2 (Japanese Version, Yeah! Meccha Holiday)

title: Aya Matsuura


text:
User talk:Travisyoung

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title: User talk:Travisyoung