text:
Steven Schier

Steven E. Schier (born 1952) is a professor of political science at Carleton College who specializes in American politics. He earned a BA at Simpson College and his MA and PhD degrees from the University of Wisconsin.

Carleton College
Schier has taught courses on Congress, the presidency, American parties and elections, American public policy, and methods of political research. In 1983 he founded the Carleton in Washington program, an off-campus seminar and internship program, and conducted the program twelve times until 2010.

Sole author

 * Panorama of a Presidency: How George W. Bush Acquired and Spent his Political Capital (2009) Winner of a CHOICE magazine "Outstanding Academic Book" award.
 * You Call This An Election? America’s Peculiar Democracy (2003)
 * By Invitation Only: The Rise of Exclusive Politics in the United States (2000)
 * A Decade of Deficits: Congressional Thought and Fiscal Action (1992)
 * The Rules and the Game: Democratic National Convention Delegate Selection in Iowa and Wisconsin 1968-76 (1980)

Co-author or contributor

 * "American Government and Popular Discontent: Stability without Success" (2013) (Co-author with Todd E. Eberly)
 * "Presidential Elections: Strategies and Structures of American Politics" (2011) Thirteenth edition.  (Co-author with Nelson W. Polsby, Aaron Wildavsky and David A. Hopkins)
 * "Transforming America: Barack Obama in the White House" (2011) (Editor; author of two chapters)
 * Ambition and Division: Legacies of the George W. Bush Presidency (2009) (Editor; author of two chapters)
 * The American Elections of 2008 (2009) (Coedited with Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier) (Editor, chapter coauthor)
 * High Risk and Big Ambition: The Early Presidency of George W. Bush (2004) (Editor; author of two chapters)
 * The Post-Modern President: Bill Clinton’s Legacy in American Politics (2000) Winner of a CHOICE magazine "Outstanding Academic Book" award. (Editor; author of two chapters)
 * Payment Due: A Nation in Debt, A Generation in Trouble (1996)  (Co-authored with Tim Penny)
 * Congress: Games and Strategies (1995).  (Co-authored with Stephen E. Frantzich)
 * Political Economy in Western Democracies (1985) (Coedited and co-authored two chapters with Norman J. Vig)

Television appearances
Steven Schier appeared on the O'Reilly Factor on October 18 and 25, 2004, to discuss election poll results. He has also appeared on the CBS Evening News and Cable News Network as a political analyst and has served as a political analyst for WCCO and KSTP television stations in Minneapolis.

title: Steven Schier


text:
Category:French illustrators

cf. also the international Database of Scientific Illustrators 1450-1950, freely available online with 20 search fields, currently listing 7000 illustrators altogether and 1405 illustrators mainly active in France

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:French illustrators


text:
Muzaffargarh District

Muzaffargarh District is a district of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Its capital is Muzaffargarh city. It lies on the bank of the Chenab River.

Administration
The district is administratively divided into the following three tehsils (subdivisions), which contain a total of 93 Union Councils:

Population
At the time of the 2017 census, Muzaffargarh district had 454,277 households and a population of 2,981,048. Muzaffargarh had a sex ratio of 944 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate of 43.41% for males and 32.31% for females. 444,264 (14.90%) lived in urban areas. 967,074 (32.44%) were under 10 years of age.

Language
At the time of the 2017 census, 92.38% of the population spoke Saraiki, 4.16% Urdu and 2.81% Punjabi as their first language.

Ethnicity
The most famous tribes and races are as under; Khar (offshoot of Kharal tribe), Khokhar, Dasti, Qureshi, Jatoi, Hinjra, Langrial, Thahim, Gopang, Bukhari, Gilani, Rajput, Jat and Arian. The major ethnic group are the Saraiki-speaking Jat forming the majority, with Saraiki-speaking Gujjar, Baloch, Rajputs and Pathan groups in minority.

History
Muzzaffargarh was an ancient settlement, inhabited by Mallian people of Multan region. Umayyad Arabs led by Muhammad ibn e Qasim conquered the area in early 8th century spreading Islam in the region.

In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region.

Muzaffargarh region became a part of the Muslim Ghaurid Sultanate when the Persian noble Sultan Shahab-ud-Din Muhammad Ghauri conquered Punjab in 1185 CE. The area slowly developed as medieval town and many Muslim Sufi missionaries converted the local population to Islam.

During the Mughal period population increased and land under cultivation was increased. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh Empire invaded and occupied Muzaffargarh region. The Muslims faced restrictions during the Sikh rule. Between 1765 and 1846 Muzaffargarh was occupied by the Sikhs. Two main battles between British and Sikh armies were fought in this district on 22 February 1849 the British declare victory in Punjab.

Foundation as a town

Muzaffargarh was founded in 1794 by the Governor of Multan Nawab Muzaffar Khan. The Meaning of Muzaffargarh is "Fort of Muzaffar" because the old town lies inside the walls of a fort built by Nawab Muzaffar Khan of Multan. Prior to that the place was known by a shop called "Musan Hatti", on the road leading from Multan to Dera Ghazi Khan. In 1861 it became the separate Muzaffargarh District.

After Independence 1947

After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Muzaffargarh District. Muslim refugees from East Punjab, Haryana, Jammu started arriving and crossed the border into Pakistan; many were given land in Muzaffargarh District to settle.

Geography and neighborhood

Muzaffargarh spreads over an area of 8,249 km2 and forms a strip between the Chenab River on its east and Indus River on its west, which pass along the Eastern and Western boundaries respectively of the district and a triangle at Alipur tehsil of the district. The district is bounded on the north by district Layyah, on the south by Bahawalpur and Rahimyar Khan districts across the river Chenab.

Districts Multan and Khanewal are on the eastern side of district Muzaffargarh, across the river Chenab. District Jhang touches it on the northeast. Dera Gahzi Khan and Rajanpur districts lie on the western side across the river Indus. It is one of oldest districts of Punjab. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, the population of the district was 2,635,903, of which 12.75% were urban. Muzaffargarh is one of oldest districts of Punjab.

2010 floods

Muzaffargarh was especially hard hit by the 2010 Pakistan floods, given its position between the Chenab and Indus rivers It is spread over an area of 8,249 km2. Muzaffargarh District lies in the strip between the rivers Chenab and Indus.

Geography and climate
The city of Muzaffargarh is located in southern Punjab province at almost the exact centre of Pakistan. The closest major city is Multan. The area around the city is a flat, alluvial plain and is ideal for agriculture, with many citrus and mango farms. There are many canals that cut across the Muzaffargarh District providing water from nearby farms. This makes the land very fertile. However usually land close to the Chenab are usually flooded in the monsoon season.

Climate

Muzaffargarh features an arid climate with very hot summers and mild winters. The city witnesses some of the most extreme weather in the country. The highest recorded temperature is approximately 54 C, and the lowest recorded temperature is approximately -1 C. The average rainfall is roughly 127 mm. Dust storms are a common occurrence within the city.

The district's towns include Basti Malik Wala, Taliri, Mauza Bahadur Dawana, Dawana Bahadur Peer Rajan Bukhsh, Kot Addu,  Khangarh and Hayat Nagar.

Education
Although Muzaffargarh is one of the oldest and largest districts of Pakistan by area and population, it still has only a single campus of Virtual University of Pakistan. The literacy rate is one of the lowest in the country. District Muzaffargarh has a total of 1,072 male and 1,009 female public sector schools. According to the School Education Department's data, a total of 5,023 male and 4,130 female teachers are employed in public school education sector of the district.

Forests
An area of 100,864 acres is forested in the district biggest Lashari wala Forest. There is also linear plantation of 1250 A.V. mile the roads/rails/canals in the district. Trees grown in the area are kikar, shisham, millbury, eucalyptus, bamboo and coconut.

Notable people

 * Milkha Singh, a famous track and field athlete

title: Muzaffargarh District


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Marvel Death

Marvel Death
Don't think this is a real term, or even if it is, it's not a standard term that is encyclopedic. I've seen "death" in this context appended to other comics' publishers, not just Marvel; in any case, it may appear in conversation, but not as an actual term. And before you ask, yes, I am one of the major comics contributors on Wikipedia, so I do think I know what I am talking about. A search on Google seems to only turn up Wikipedia-derived pages, references to the female Death character in the Marvel Universe, references to the death of Marvel Comics as a publishing group, etc.—essentially, topics that are not subjects to which this article refers. --Lowellian 21:53, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, with reservations. Having just read the entirety of the Onslaught saga, I fully understand the all-too-common (and frustrating) concept in comics, and I think it might be worthy of some attention. You're right, it's a made-up term; but is there another name where this article (cleaned up) could go? Ian Pugh 00:47, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually, never mind. Just delete that sucker altogether, without reservation. Retcon does the job just as well. Comments still stand about Onslaught, though. Ian Pugh 00:53, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Neologism. Useful info is already in retcon. Redirect (do not merge) to Death (Marvel Comics) (an article about the character named Death in Marvel, which is what I would have expected an article by this title to be about).    — Gwalla | Talk 03:27, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'd understand what this meant if used, just as I'd understand what "DC Death" meant if used: exactly the same thing. "Comic-book death" might be a better title if someone were to write a good article about this. Jallan 18:43, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: It looks like a made up term to me. DCEdwards1966 05:53, Oct 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Fancruft. --Improv 16:42, 4 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * So if that's the good title, Move to Comic book death then, sheesh! :-P But make the redirect point to Death (Marvel Comics). Kim Bruning 10:04, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wile E. Heresiarch 15:54, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text: Category:Dutch illustrators

title: Category:Dutch illustrators


text: Category:Dutch artists

title: Category:Dutch artists


text:
Talk:Kinvara

Shane Mitchell
Who is Shane Mitchell and what is he doing? Reads like some hoax if you look at other things this IP# address contributed: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Pat_Kenny&diff=3707640&oldid=3701803 and further comments on the talk page: User_talk:213.79.35.186 -- Fin 21:55, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

kinvara vs kinvarra
It is generally accepted that the proper name for the village is kinvara and not kinvarra, AFAIK the only place where the name appears spelled with two r's is on the road sign visible on the road from galway. Everyone in the village spells it kinvara. Cavetroll 18:53, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Use of Irish or Anglicised forms
There is an edit war under way: can the protagonists please use this talk page to debate and aim for consensus - the repeated reverts are getting nowhere. --Red King 29 June 2005 17:57 (UTC)
 * My tuppence worth: Kinvara is not in the Gaeltacht, so both forms are equally valid. However, this is en.wikipedia and so the anglicised forms are to be preferred in that context.  Adding the Irish version is useful if it explains how the Anglicised versiion came to be, but not otherwise.  So Cinn Mhara is useful, Loch Lurgain is not.  Conversely, in ga.wikipedia, the Irish forms should have precedence and the anglicised forms mentioned incidentally, if at all.  --Red King 29 June 2005 17:57 (UTC)
 * Actually, we've kind of gotten to a consensus. Read Mac Duach's talk page.  This is already Wikipedia policy.  I wouldn't call it an edit war.  We're encouraging him to contribute interesting articles here and on ga: wikipedia rather than change everything into Irish names on established articles.  ℬ astique ▼ talk 29 June 2005 18:07 (UTC)

Cuckoo Fleadh celebrates the old Irish festival of Bealtaine?
Far be it from me to question those with a greater knowledge but being in Kinvara at the time of the first cuckoo fleadh i seem to remember the timing was to do with the introduction of the new European "labour day" bank holiday and nothing to do with the timing of any ancient festival. Had labour day been on the 1st of June so the festival would be too. I think this comment is inaccurate and an attempt to spin the history backwards on what really is nothing more than a happy coincidence.Njg (talk) 23:35, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
 * It would be great to get a citation for who founded this. Does the Tribune have a searchable database of past articles? --Red King (talk) 21:10, 24 November 2009 (UTC)

Good article
This article could be classed as a WP:Good article if the requested citations were provided. These must be available from a good local history book. If these are not provided, the whole History section risks being deleted. --Red King (talk) 14:03, 9 November 2009 (UTC)

Lewis's Topographical dictionary
The article claims that Dún Guaire was built by Éamonn Ó hEidhin and not by Ruaidhrí Mór Dearg Ó Seachnasaigh as given by Lewis's Topographical dictionary. So we have a good citation for Ruaidhrí Mór Dearg Ó Seachnasaigh and no citation for Éamonn Ó hEidhin. If this is to stand, it needs a very good citation. Otherwise the existing text will have to be deleted in favour of Lewis's version. --Red King (talk) 14:03, 9 November 2009 (UTC)
 * and 'common knowlege' is not good enough. Find a reliable source and cite it. --Red King (talk) 20:14, 17 November 2009 (UTC)

New section on Seamount College?
Would it be a good idea to have a section on Seamount College? I do not have the necessary knowledge to do it myself. MarkHarper1 (talk) 00:02, 16 June 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kinvara


text:
Council House, Birmingham

Birmingham City Council House in Birmingham, England, is the home of Birmingham City Council, and thus the seat of local government for the city. It provides office accommodation for both employed council officers, including the Chief Executive, and elected council members, plus the council chamber, Lord Mayor's Suite, committee rooms and a large and ornate banqueting suite, complete with minstrel's gallery. The first-floor's exterior balcony is used by visiting dignitaries and victorious sports teams, to address crowds assembled below. The Council House, which has its own postcode, B1 1BB, is located in Victoria Square in the city centre and is a Grade II* listed building.

The side of the building that faces Chamberlain Square is the entrance and façade of the Museum and Art Gallery, which is partly housed within the same building.

History
In 1852, Birmingham Town Council had inherited the old Public Office on Moor Street, from their predecessors the Street Commissioners, which the council used as their meeting place. It soon became apparent that this building dating from 1807 was not adequate for the needs of the growing town (which became a city in 1889) and that larger premises would be needed.

Planning
The land on which the Council House and adjacent Museum and Art Gallery are located was purchased in 1853. This land consisted of Ann Street which was home to properties such as the "Cabinet of Curiosities", a clothes shop advertised as "An exhibition for the curious observer of natural phenomena". The building had a clock tower topped with a flagpole. The top was castellated and the walls were whitewashed and adorned in advertisements and messages. The last tenants of the building were the Suffield family, ancestors of J. R. R. Tolkien.

The land was earmarked for development, however constant financial difficulties put all development on hold until 1871 when the council finally agreed to build offices on the site. A design competition was established and the council received 29 entries, which was disappointing in comparison to the 179 entries Sheffield and Birmingham received. However a decision was delayed by further financial difficulties. The council was then split over the Gothic entry by Martin & Chamberlain and the classical entry by Yeoville Thomason.

Construction and extensions
Thomason's design was chosen; his design featured a central section with a huge hexastyle Corinthian order porte-cochere carrying a balcony with an arch and tympanum high above, flanked by piers and columns which in turn carried a large carved pediment. However, amendments to the art gallery entrance and clock tower were made. The clock and tower are known locally as "Big Brum". Construction commenced on the building in 1874 when the first stone was laid by the then mayor Joseph Chamberlain. The building was completed in 1879 and cost £163,000. A debate was held to decide the name of the building: the options were the Municipal Hall, Council House and Guildhall.

The Council House was extended almost immediately, in 1881–85. The architect was again Yeoville Thomason. This was a combined art gallery, museum, and the home of the corporation's Gas Department, whose budget subsidised the building, as legislation limited the expenditure of ratepayers' taxes on the arts.

Above the main entrance, which faces Victoria Square, the tympanum contains a mosaic by Salviati Burke and Co. of Venice. Above that, the pediment shows Britannia receiving the manufacturers of Birmingham. Victoria Square itself was once occupied by Christ Church, a building which was demolished in 1899.

On 9 August 1902, the Council House, along with the Town Hall, was illuminated in celebration of the coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra.

The Council House was extended a second time in 1911–19 (by architects Ashley & Newman) with a new block to the north and connected to the original building by an intricately designed archway (internally a corridor). The archway or bridge slightly resembles The Bridge of Sighs in Venice. The extension contains the Feeney Art Galleries.

Memorials
Many memorials are housed within the Council House. Most are not available for viewing by the public except upon request. Memorials within the Council House are:

 * To the citizens of Birmingham from the Belgian exiles during World War I.
 * To the staff of the Board of Guardians who served and died in World War I.
 * To Captain Ronald Wilkinson who died trying to defuse an IRA bomb in Edgbaston on 17 September 1973.
 * To the staff of the City Treasurers who served in World War I and to the City Treasurers who served in World War II.
 * To the staff of the Electric Supply Department who died during World War I.
 * To the staff of the Public Works & Town Planning Department Memorial who died in both world wars.
 * To the staff of the Veterinary Department who died during World War I.
 * To John Skirrow Wright, who died in the building.
 * A Blue Plaque commemorating the five consecutive generations of the Martineau family who served as (Lord) Mayors

Use in films
The foyer featured in the Cliff Richard film Take Me High, made to appear as a hotel lobby. The glass corridor, banqueting suite and other parts also doubled as a hotel in Stephen Poliakoff's Dancing on the Edge.

title: Council House, Birmingham


text: Category:Latvian artists

title: Category:Latvian artists


text:
Wikipedia:UK Wikipedians' notice board/UKCOTW

Purge server cache

The UK Collaboration of the Fortnight was an article chosen each fortnight. This is a specific topic which either has no article or a basic stub page that is directly related to the United Kingdom, the aim being to have a featured-standard article by the end of the fortnight, from widespread cooperative editing. The collaboration was active from October 2004 to August 2005.

The project aimed to fill gaps about the UK in Wikipedia, to give users a focus and to give us all something to be proud of. You can find a list of UK articles on the todo list on the UK Wikipedians' notice board or you can look in List of United Kingdom-related topics or the UK Wikipedians' complete to do list. Anyone could nominate an article and can vote for the nominated articles. Every other Sunday, the votes were tallied, and the winner promoted for a week to potential contributors.

Selection
The next COTF will be selected at a date to be determined if the collaboration becomes active once more (the current time is, July 29, 2024).

Voting
If you support an article please vote, by clicking on edit by the article's title, and add a new line with the text # ~. This will add your username and the time you signed automatically. Please add comments if you wish.

 * Please only add support votes - opposing votes will not affect the result as the choice is done by approval voting (the most votes, wins).
 * Please vote for as many candidates as you like.
 * Only registered users may vote.
 * Being a resident or from the UK is not a requirement to vote!

Tie-breakers
To keep things simple, if two or more articles have both had the same number of votes by the selection time, the article nominated first is chosen as COTF.

Making Nominations

 * At the top of the list of nominees on this page, enter the text.
 * Click on the appropriate link in the new message box.
 * Enter the text.
 * Enter your reason for the nomination, and sign it using.

If the page you wish to nominate already exists, in addition to the above steps please add the text  at the top of the article's talk page.

Considerations

 * Please only nominate UK-related articles which do not exist or are stubs (or are not stubs; but very short articles).
 * Giving reasons to why an article should be chosen will aid others in supporting.

Archiving
If a nomination does not receive enough votes (three votes for every month it is nominated) it will be archived. Older archives can be viewed at /removed (up to 10 February, 2005). Articles which become nominated to COTW are viewable at /past collaborations.

Promoting

 * 1) Remove successful candidate from this list and add to /past collaborations with.
 * 2) Replace the current text in WP:UK Wikipedians' notice board/UKCOTW/current with the name of the promoted article. This updates loads of other templates automagically.
 * 3) Add   to the top of the successful article.
 * 4) Remove   from the previous collaboration and add  to its talk page.
 * 5) Leave a message on the talk pages of the nominator and supporters informing them of the promotion - you can use.
 * 6) If you want you can leave a message on the talk page of related articles (but don't go overboard) as people who have a similar topic on their watchlist may want to join in.


text:
Globalist

Globalist may refer to

 * Globalism, a political ideology related to interconnections across the world
 * New World Order (conspiracy theory), which espouses that malicious agents (sometimes called "globalists") are attempting to form a world government
 * The Globalist, an American political online magazine
 * The Yale Globalist, an American political magazine from Yale University
 * "The Globalist" (song), a 2015 song by English rock band Muse

title: Globalist


text:
Hietaniemi Cemetery

The Hietaniemi cemetery (Hietaniemen hautausmaa, Sandudds begravningsplats) is located mainly in the Lapinlahti quarter and partly in the Etu-Töölö district of Helsinki, the capital of Finland. It is the location for Finnish state funeral services and is owned by the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland.

The cemetery includes a large military cemetery section for soldiers from the capital fallen in the wars against the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany: in the Winter War (1939–1940), the Continuation War (1941–1944) and the Lapland War (1944–1945). In the centre of the military cemetery are the tombs of the unknown soldier and Marshal C. G. E. Mannerheim. Other notable sections of the cemetery are the cemetery of the Finnish Guard, the Artist's Hill and the Statesmen's Grove. There are two Lutheran funerary chapels and a crematorium at the area.

Hietaniemi means "sand cape" and is a headland located centrally in Helsinki.

Description
The cemetery is partly located at a promontory, and partly directly adjacent to the Hietaniemi Beach. The cemetery is a popular tourist attraction, especially amongst Finns visiting the graves of relatives fallen in wars or the graves of the many famous Finns buried there since the 1820s.

Four other cemeteries are also located at the greater cemetery district of Hietaniemi: the Helsinki Jewish cemetery, the Helsinki Islamic cemetery, the Helsinki Orthodox cemetery and the cemetery of the St. Nicholas Orthodox Parish.

In the 2010s, it was confirmed that an extensive catacomb network was located beneath the Orthodox cemetery.

Notable interments

 * Carl Ludvig Engel (July 3, 1778, Charlottenburg – May 4, 1840, Helsinki)
 * Georg August Wallin (October 24, 1811, Sund – October 23, 1852)
 * Zachris Topelius (January 14, 1818, Kuddnäs – March 12, 1898, Sipoo)
 * Fredrik Pacius (March 19, 1809, Hamburg – January 8, 1901, Helsinki)
 * Lorenz Leonard Lindelöf (November 13, 1827, Karvia – March 3, 1908, Helsinki)
 * Paavo Cajander (December 24, 1846, Hämeenlinna – June 14, 1913, Helsinki)
 * Janis Rozentāls (March 18, 1866, Saldus parish – December 26, 1916, Helsinki)
 * Verna Erikson (1893–1918)
 * Toivo Kuula (July 7, 1883 – May 18, 1918)
 * Oskar Merikanto (August 5, 1868, Helsinki – February 17, 1924)
 * Usko Nyström (September 8, 1861, Virrat – January 6, 1925, Kotka)
 * I. K. Inha (November 12, 1865 Virrat – April 3, 1930, Helsinki)
 * Artur Sirk (September 25, 1900, Pruuna – August 2, 1937, Echternach)
 * Lauri Kristian Relander (May 31, 1883, Kurkijoki – February 9, 1942, Helsinki), 2nd President of the Republic of Finland
 * Leevi Madetoja (17 February 1887, Oulu – 6 October 1947, Helsinki)
 * Eemil Halonen (May 21, 1875, Lapinlahti – November 5, 1950, Helsinki)
 * Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (June 4, 1867, Askainen – January 27, 1951, Lausanne), 6th President of the Republic of Finland
 * Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg (January 28, 1865, Suomussalmi – September 22, 1952, Helsinki), 1st President of the Republic of Finland
 * Risto Ryti (February 3, 1889, Huittinen – October 25, 1956, Helsinki), 5th President of the Republic of Finland
 * Juho Kusti Paasikivi (November 27, 1870, Koski Hl – December 14, 1956, Helsinki), 7th President of the Republic of Finland
 * Viktor Jansson (1886, Helsinki – 1958, Helsinki)
 * Aarre Merikanto (June 29, 1893, Helsinki – September 28, 1958, Helsinki)
 * Michael Schilkin (May 1, 1900, Trubino – May 3, 1962)
 * Anna Vyrubova (July 16, 1884, Oranienbaum – July 20, 1964, Helsinki)
 * Väinö Tanner (March 12, 1881, Helsinki - April 19, 1966, Helsinki), 10th Prime minister of the Republic of Finland
 * Kalervo Kallio (March 28, 1909, Nivala – November 2, 1969, Helsinki)
 * Aladár Paasonen (December 11, 1898, Budapest – July 6, 1974, Flourtown)
 * Alvar Aalto (February 3, 1898, Kuortane – May 11, 1976, Helsinki)
 * Erik von Frenckell (November 18, 1887, Helsinki – September 13, 1977, Espoo)
 * Karl Lennart Oesch (August 8, 1892, Pyhäjärvi – March 28, 1978, Helsinki)
 * Mika Waltari (September 19, 1908, Helsinki – August 26, 1979, Helsinki)
 * Urho Kekkonen (September 3, 1900, Pielavesi – August 31, 1986, Helsinki), 8th President of the Republic of Finland
 * Henry Theel (November 14, 1917, Helsinki – December 19, 1989)
 * Gustaf Magnusson (December 8, 1902, Ylitornio – December 27, 1993, Helsinki)
 * Elissa Aalto (November 22, 1922, Kemi – April 12, 1994, Helsinki)
 * Petri Walli (February 25, 1969, Helsinki – June 28, 1995, Helsinki)
 * Heimo Haitto (May 22, 1925, Ruokolahti – June 9, 1999, Marbella)
 * Jack Witikka (December 20, 1916, Helsinki – January 28, 2002, Helsinki)
 * Adolf Ehrnrooth (February 9, 1905, Helsinki – February 26, 2004, Turku)
 * Erik Bergman (November 24, 1911, Nykarleby – April 24, 2006, Helsinki)
 * Timo Sarpaneva (October 31, 1926, Helsinki – October 6, 2006, Helsinki)
 * Tony Halme January 6, 1963, Helsinki – January 8, 2010, Helsinki)
 * Ukri Merikanto (March 30, 1950 – July 25, 2010)
 * Anita Välkki (October 25, 1926, Sääksmäki – April 27, 2011, Helsinki)
 * Harri Holkeri (January 6, 1937, Oripää – August 7, 2011, Helsinki)
 * Paavo Berglund (April 14, 1929, Helsinki – January 25, 2012, Helsinki)
 * Mauno Koivisto (November 25, 1923, Turku – May 12, 2017, Helsinki), 9th President of the Republic of Finland
 * Martti Ahtisaari (June 23, 1937, Viipuri - October 16, 2023, Helsinki), 10th President of the Republic of Finland
 * Aira Samulin (February 27, 1927, Ignoila, Salmi - October 23, 2023, Helsinki)

title: Hietaniemi Cemetery


text:
User talk:Lucky Juice

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Image:Kitzbühel by night.jpg
Please clarify the copyright status of Image:Kitzbühel by night.jpg when you have a chance. Thank you. -- light darkness (talk) 17:47, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lucky Juice


text: Category:Star Trek devices

title: Category:Star Trek devices


text:
Fist of Fun

Fist of Fun was a British comedy show, initially a BBC Radio 1 series in 1993 and then a BBC2 television series in 1995. It was written by and starred the comedians Stewart Lee and Richard Herring. Each episode of Fist of Fun consisted of disparate sketches, stand-up comedy segments, dialogues, and situations.

It was broadcast at 9:00 p.m. on Tuesday nights and was popular but not a major ratings-winner. The second series was aired on Friday nights and although its ratings were relatively good, the show suffered from network interference and poor promotion. The show was not given a third series but Lee and Herring went on to create This Morning with Richard Not Judy, for BBC2.

Many other comedians who appeared in the series went on to fame themselves, including the actor Kevin Eldon, Peter Baynham, Ronni Ancona, Alistair McGowan, Al Murray, Ant & Dec, John Thomson, Rebecca Front, Mel Giedroyc, Sue Perkins, Ben Moor and Sally Phillips.

Major characters

 * Simon Quinlank, a self-proclaimed "Hobby Lion" and "King of All Hobbies" and "Duke of Hobby", played by the actor Kevin Eldon. In each episode, he presents a slot (filmed on camcorder by an unseen assistant) related to his latest invented hobby. He is known for his maniacal laughter, frequent cries of "Answer me!" and loathing for never-seen rival Neil Petark.  He also has a fondness for "weak lemon drink". The character reappeared in Lee and Herring's later show This Morning with Richard Not Judy.
 * "Rod Hull", a recurring character who claims to be the genuine Rod Hull but is in fact an obvious fraud. He has an obsession with jelly (possibly the reason for his attempted imitation is a belief that the real Rod Hull would receive gifts of jelly), and has a false arm. He persistently claims that the false arm is real despite the fact that he has an actual real arm tucked inside his shirt. This climaxed with the impostor confronted by the real Rod Hull, making a guest appearance. This entire sketch appears to have been based on a real life incident where Kiss drummer Peter Criss confronted his own impostor on the Phil Donahue show. Also played by the actor Kevin Eldon.
 * Peter, a 31-year-old Welsh virgin from Balham who provides lifestyle tips from his unique perspective, usually cheap (and revolting) alternatives to well known recipes. Played (and written) by Peter Baynham.

DVD release
The series was never released by the BBC on either VHS or DVD but in May 2011 Stewart Lee announced that the rights to the show had been purchased by independent distributor Go Faster Stripe with an eye to release. The first series was released in early December 2011 and the second series in November 2012 albeit with slight edits made for editorial reasons at the request of the BBC. This included material regarding Princess Diana and Morris Mitchener, whose parents attempted to sue the West Yorkshire playhouse after a production of Peter Pan scared the infant Mitchener. Ironically the material excised from the otherwise complete episodes is included as part of the unedited studio sessions presented elsewhere on the DVD set.

title: Fist of Fun


text:
Pinhead

Pinhead may refer to:

 * the head of a pin
 * Pinhead, a term once used to describe a person with microcephaly
 * Pinhead (Hellraiser), a fictional character
 * Pinhead (Neighbours), the fictional character Craig Pinders
 * Pinhead (Puppet Master), a puppet character
 * Pinheads, a group of characters in the stage play The Elephant Man
 * Pinhead, a puppet on the American TV show Foodini the Great
 * "Pinhead", a song by The Ramones from the 1977 album Leave Home
 * Pinhead, an early development stage of a mushroom
 * Pinhead Records, an Argentine recording label

title: Pinhead


text:
Talk:2004 Constitution of Afghanistan

Comments
Based on Bush's debate comments, I gather that the electrion has been pushed back to January? If this is correct, could someone who know's what he/she is talking about please get on it? --Chinasaur 22:07, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Official Languages
Hold on. There was a series of edits that emphasized Pashto, and the tone of the edit descriptions suggests POV, but in working with those I looked at the constitution (English version) and it actually does say, "Pashto and Dari shall be the official languages of the state." So the pre-edit version is inaccurate. Let's stick to what the constitution actually says. -Kris Schnee 09:20, 6 May 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 one external links on Constitution of Afghanistan. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131006075140/http://www.afghan-web.com/history/const/const1923.html to http://www.afghan-web.com/history/const/const1923.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131006075140/http://www.afghan-web.com/history/const/const1923.html to http://www.afghan-web.com/history/const/const1923.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:06, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

Fundamental Principles of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
Anybody have a full text of it? I'd like to read it. – Illegitimate Barrister (talk • contribs), 08:53, 22 May 2019 (UTC)

BirdValiant
I see you also reverted other 3 users claiming "The constitution may still apply in the Panjshir valley". Source? Also Taliban controls the whole area. Claiming the Islamic Republic still exist is like a conspiracy theory. Please do your edits carefully. Beshogur (talk) 21:16, 11 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Ghulam Isaczai continues to represent the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan at the UN. At least as of writing this and to my knowledge, no country has formally recognized the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Thus the former government appears to remain a de jure legal entity, even if it does not exercise any authority anywhere. This is similar to how something like the Sovereign Military Order of Malta can be a legal entity, with its own constitution and governance, without controlling any actual territory. Additionally, members of the National Resistance Front of Afghanistan are present and apparently active in Tajikistan.
 * Do these groups constitute a government in exile? Seeing as how the remnants of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan retains control of the Afghanistan envoy to the UN, and in light of such facts as Amrullah Saleh proclaiming himself as the "Acting President", does the IRA remain a legal entity? And if so, does the 2004 Constitution remain in force for that legal entity? These are difficult questions to answer, as what does or does not constitute a "government" or "law" depends on social recognition, as these things are not concrete objects but social constructs. Until humanity decides that the IRA as a legal entity has completely vanished, then it's certainly plausible that it remains. After all, what are the people in e.g. those running the Embassy of the IRA in Geneva - Switzerland doing if they don't believe that the IRA remains an entity of some sort? In order to retain a NPOV, we must not take a stance on the legal status of the 2004 Constitution until this has been decided, such as by the UN, which has not yet decided on the accreditation of the Afghan seat. After that, of course, we could then use reliable sources to make a claim that the "is" became "was".
 * As for calling it a "conspiracy theory" that the government or the constitution remain technical entities, I'm not saying that these entities have any de facto force in the actual country of Afghanistan. Obviously, they do not anymore. But they may yet exist de jure.
 * And as for "plan your edits carefully". I agree, we all should do so. But seeing as how changing the "is" to "was" represents a change in consensus, a new consensus must be achieved before your proposed change can stand. BirdValiant (talk) 23:19, 11 October 2021 (UTC)
 * I don't know how your argument is convincing. Pure original research. Even some people declare themselves president, the institutions of the Islamic Republic collapsed and they don't control any territory. I'm still not sure what you're trying to prove. Beshogur (talk) 09:38, 12 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:2004 Constitution of Afghanistan


text:
User talk:Ossi~enwiki

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Ossi. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Ossi~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:15, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 17:18, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ossi~enwiki


text:
Cinnamon roll

A cinnamon roll (also known as cinnamon bun, cinnamon swirl, cinnamon Danish and cinnamon snail) is a sweet roll commonly served in Northern Europe (mainly in Nordic countries, but also in Austria, Estonia and Germany) and North America. In Sweden it is called kanelbulle, in Denmark it is known as kanelsnegl, in Norway it is known as kanelbolle, skillingsbolle, kanelsnurr, or kanel i svingene, in Finland it is known as korvapuusti, in Iceland it is known as kanilsnúður, and in Estonia it is known as kaneelirull. In Austria and Germany, it is called Zimtschnecke. In Slovakia and the Czech Republic, it is called osie hniezdo/vosí hnízdo (meaning 'wasp nest').

Pastry
A cinnamon roll consists of a rolled sheet of yeast-leavened dough onto which a cinnamon and sugar mixture (and brown sugar, raisins or other ingredients in some cases) is sprinkled over a thin coat of butter. The dough is then rolled, cut into individual portions and baked. The deep fried version is cinnamon roll or cinnamon bun doughnut. Its main ingredients are flour, cinnamon, sugar, and butter, which provide a robust and sweet flavor.

Origins
Roman spice traders introduced the Sri Lankan cinnamon spice to Europe.

The spice later began to be used in Swedish pastries, with the modern kanelbulle (lit. cinnamon bun) being created after the first world war. Since 1999, October 4 has been promoted as  Cinnamon Roll Day  (Kanelbullens dag), a national theme day, acknowledged by a significant portion of the Swedish population. Swedish kanelbulle dough typically also contains cardamom (powder or buds), giving it a distinctive flavour.

The size of a cinnamon roll varies from place to place, but many vendors supply a smaller size about 5 cm in diameter and a larger size about 10 cm to a side. The larger variety can be found in Finland, called korvapuusti (lit. 'a 'cuff on the ear'', fig. "pulling someone's ear for disciplining"), where it can be up to 20 cm in diameter and weigh up to 200 g.

Haga, a district in Gothenburg, Sweden, is well known for its very large cinnamon rolls. These cinnamon rolls are called hagabullar or Queen of the Kitchen. Hagabullar are usually 30 cm or more in diameter and are, despite their size, not considered a communal roll.

National variations
The Swedish Butterkaka and Finnish bostonkakku ("Boston cake") is a cake made by baking cinnamon rolls in a round cake pan instead of baking them separately, so that they stick together to form a large, round cake.

A German variety, which closely follows the form of the Scandinavian pastry, originating in Hamburg and its surroundings is the Franzbrötchen, a cinnamon pastry inspired by the non-cinnamon French croissant.

American cinnamon rolls are frequently large, baked in a pan and topped with icing (usually confectioners' sugar-based) and are sometimes fried, finished with glaze, and served as a variation of a raised donut. There are also regional combinations: in the American Midwest, especially Nebraska and Kansas, cinnamon rolls are commonly eaten with chili.

In Canada, they are known as cinnamon rolls or cinnamon buns. They are usually self-glazed and not iced, nor do they usually have raisins. They can have so much cinnamon that they are spicy and hot to the taste.

In Austria and Germany they are widely available at supermarkets and bakeries. Along with Topfengolatsche, Buttercroissant and Faschingskrapfen they are a typical pastry to have with afternoon coffee.

In Slovakia, these pastries are usually shaped into small, round forms resembling beehives or wasps' nests. In the Czech Republic, they can also be found in a conical spiral shape. It is most often filled with cinnamon filling, or it may have nut, cocoa or vanilla pudding. Typical ingredients include wheat flour, milk, butter, sugar, eggs and yeast. Cinnamon buns are particularly popular during the Christmas season in both Slovakia and the Czech Republic. They form part of the traditional Christmas baking repertoire in many households, alongside other festive treats like vanilla crescents (vanilkové rožteky) and linzer cookies.

Cinnamon roll traditions
In Sweden and Finland, cinnamon rolls are traditionally enjoyed during a fika, which is a get-together, including consumption of coffee and or baked goods. A fika is typically had in the afternoon. By coworkers during a break, by friends or by family. National Cinnamon Bun Day (Kanelbullens dag) is observed on October 4 in Sweden and Finland.

In Denmark, cinnamon buns are especially popular on Wednesdays, where an extra large variant called the Wednesday snail is sold. This tradition was especially invented during the 1990s where the national football team usually played their games on Wednesdays.

In North America, it is commonly eaten for breakfast or dessert. When eaten for a breakfast in the U.S., it may be served with cream cheese frosting.

title: Cinnamon roll


text:
Talk:Unitary state

India
Why isn't India listed as a unitary state? While it may be a Union of states, the "Central" gevernment has much authority over the states, it appoints the governors, can split, merge or eradicate the states and change their status at will. Note the automatic inclusion of the princely states into the Union at Independence. Was this a foregone conclusion or a fait accompli? --68.80.223.233 22:12, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Spain
Spain is just like the United Kingdom, a unitary state but with self-government areas (decentralised country with an asymmetric federalism). This article should not be centered on the English speaking countries only. Spain has 17 Autonomous areas plus 2 autonomous cities located in North Africa, it acts de facto as a Federal State, called in Spanish Estado de las Autonomías. Contrary to Spain and UK, there are other unitary states with more centralised powers, like France. 178.109.153.131 (talk)

Montenegro
The map below the “Overview” section of European countries shows Montenegro as a federation, although it is unitary.

Tanzania
The merger of Tanganyika and Zanzibar might be unitary on their own right but their merger while maintaining their local laws and presidency complicates the Unitarian ness of it unless Zanzibar presidency and government was dissolved and absolved into Mainland Tanganyika and made a province with a local gvt hence it should be somehow be federal and unitary on their own 169.255.184.173 (talk) 10:33, 22 September 2022 (UTC)

Brazil
Although a "federation" nominally, in practice Brazil is an Unitary State. States have minimal autonomy (legislative, tributary) and almost none veto power from whatever the "federal government" decides. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2804:D51:4721:7000:A4DB:AA4D:41AC:C94A (talk) 22:59, 11 December 2023 (UTC)

Why split monarchies from republics?
Whether a state is a monarchy or a republic is an important constitutional consideration, but there is no meaningful connection between that status and a nation's position on the federal-unitary continuum. This is a wholly artificial division of the list, no more relevant than whether it is landlocked, transcontinental, or a member of various supranational organisations.

Are any reliable sources making this division, or is a a piece of WP:OR? Kevin McE (talk) 11:33, 16 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Unitary state


text:
Talk:Mouth of Sauron

Sauron's tongue came out of the black gates in the last battle of the Lord of the Rings trilogy with Gandalf and Aragorn after uttering his last sentence about Aragorn's lover, that is, the elven woman who gave up immortality for her love, King Aragorn by the sword, brought A legend has been made that Isildur's legacy was struck and that the killing of Sauron's tongue was the breath that sounded the trumpet of the final battle between good and evil. Rest in peace to all the defenders of the boarders and our security and eternal paradise of their place, cut off the hands and necks all the dead eaters, the slanderers, the liars, the profiteers of the pain and blood of our noble people and the enemies of this pure land and its holy soil (Iran), Amen. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 5.218.2.213 (talk) 02:07, 13 October 2022 (UTC)

Arose again how many times?
I'm deleting the segment about first and second "re-arisings" of the Dark Tower. The first one referred to appears (from the date given) to be a reference to Sauron's return from Númenor, but Barad-dûr had not then been destroyed - he simply moved back in. It was destroyed twice and rebuilt once.

On second thoughts, I'll leave it in as a "theory".

-- Perey 22:22, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

GAMMEN GORTHAUR
The words written on his helmet in ROTK extended edition read GAMMEN GORTHAUR, and I've been informed by Ausir that Gorthaur was an old name for Sauron, so I'm assuming this means Mouth of Sauron, but I can't put it in the article without confirmation. silsor 08:08, Dec 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * Gammen means 'hand', so his title would be '(Right) Hand of Sauron'. In any case this is not a "canon" title, but a plausible translation. The Sindarin word for 'mouth' is not known, IIRC ('ethir' is a river "mouth" only). Possible 'nîf' (front of face) might be used here for mouth, but I doubt it is what Tolkien would have used, had he given the translation. Anárion 23:06, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * There's no Google entry for Gammen Gorthaur, but there are several for Lammen Gorthaur. Lammen is established in LOTR as meaning "voice" (as in Gandalf's incantation before the doors of Moria: "Fennas nogothrim, lasto beth lammen" - "Doors of the Dwarves, listen to my voice" - and "Gorthaur" ("Abominable dread", according to The Complete Guide to Middle-earth) is an Elvish epithet for Sauron. Hence Lammen Gorthaur = Voice (Mouth) of Sauron. Lee M 20:13, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Sounds plausible enough, asides of course from the rather dubious suggestion Sauron's lieutenant would use the language of Sauron's enemies and not the Black Speech or his native (Black) Adûnaic... Anárion 21:55, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * [Don't be dumb! Sauron used elvish letters for the inscription on the inside of the 'One Ring', so why would his lieutenant object to their use on his own gear? In any case, 'The Mouth' was an ambassador (his own phrase), so it would make perfect sense for him to label himself in an alphabet and a language that 'foreigners' could understand!] -- Herumor Stormraven

 * The Ring was inscripted in Black Speech, not Sindarin. An alphabet is not the same as a language. Jordi·✆ 14:11, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * I guess it's no more implausible than he should break his master's rule never to use the name Sauron, by calling himself The Mouth of Sauron...! Lee M 23:53, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * In the book at least, he does not call himself such: the author voice (therefore Frodo, possibly assisted by Aragorn or Gandalf) does. But we know that Sauron liked the name 'Gorthaur', so Lammen Gorthaur is possible. Anárion 07:48, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes he did. The first words out of his mouth are, "I am the Mouth of Sauron." Eric119 08:38, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Original research here
There is too much speculation in this article, it needs to be cut to that which is actually know (which is very little). Thu 15:06, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

'''Not to worry. I deleted all the speculative part (except the part about his being 68 years in service). I also added an info box.''' --Barnikel 13:12, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I think you cut too much. One theory is that the 'first arose again' refers to Sauron's return and rebuilding after the Downfall of Numenor... making the Mouth much older. The '68 years version' is just a theory also. I happen to agree with it, but there is no proof for that interpretation either. We should probably either stick to the stated facts with no interpretation of how long the Mouth had been in Sauron's service or present the reasons behind the different theories in a factual (rather than speculative) way. --CBDunkerson 14:29, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I have to disagree, Conrad. There was no 'rebuilding' at the end of the Second Age- Sauron went on his little trip to Numenor, and then came back home.  The Tower wasn't destroyed until the Last Alliance, and there was only one 'rebuilding,' a few decades before its final fall. Solicitr (talk) 23:02, 14 November 2010 (UTC)

Cpould someone please tell me if the words on his helmet read the accursed one??? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.197.157.210 (talk) 20:51, 25 May 2010 (UTC)

Personal Interpretation on Thematic Elements in Film
I think that this: this nicety of international diplomacy is set aside entirely, and the theme of just leadership, and its difficulties, with it is pure opinion with regard to the theme of just leadership. I think it should be changed to omit this editorializing on Jackson's alteration. Thoughts? --Gûm-ishi Ashi Gurum 21:48, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

None of the editorializing presented on Aragorn's slaying of the Mouth in the movie takes into account that, much as the Armies of the West are a diversion tactic, the Mouth of Sauron is stalling them from functioning as a diversion. For the diversion tactic to succeed, and distract Sauron from the search for Frodo, Aragorn would do better to incite a real fight and dispense with diplomacy. --MattBattison 7 December 2006

Not to mention the fact that those at the Black Gate were being thrown into despair at the Mouth's tauntings. Aragorn quickly decided to end this enervation of will decisively. Yes, this change will inevitably lead to different thematic interpretations than one gleaned from events in the book, but a Wiki entry is no place to opnionatedly disparage one over the other. I'm going to remove said subjective editorializing. --Gûm-ishi Ashi Gurum 20:24, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

who cares?
Why does anyone care at all whether a few fanboys on a forum think that Aragorn "shot the messenger" by beheading the "mouth"? Does that really have to be cited? 66.92.170.227 19:57, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

I agree. It should be removed as well. If someone wants to make a more formal, distinct section along the lines of reaction to the Mouth of Sauron, that is one thing. But a few anecdotal fans' impressions hardly constitutes as evidence of much at all. --Gûm-ishi Ashi Gurum 20:27, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I do care and I don't agree. It is "shooting the messenger" - punishing the person bringing bad news - and don't be so quick to label such people "fanboys" or "few". Not everyone agrees with Jackson's changes. It does go against the themes of the book - but I removed the "shooting the messenger" links and noted that instead, only stating "in contrast..." with no editorializing. Uthanc 13:25, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Peter Jackson is a fanboy, of his own admission. Or did you not watch the 25 hours of "extras" on the dvd's? The point is, it doesn't matter whether you care or not, it matters whether it's significant. There is a long standing forums-are-not-sources policy. ... aa:talk 18:50, 21 December 2006 (UTC)
 * This is now moot anyway as the forum citations are now replaced with book ones. Uthanc 16:19, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:The Mouth of Sauron.jpg
Image:The Mouth of Sauron.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 16:09, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Use of Sauron's Real Name
The speculation in this article about the "inconsistency" of Aragorn's statement that Sauron does not permit his real name to be "spelt or spoken" is a little off. Aragorn most certainly was NOT referring to Sauron's name as a Maia of old in Valinor. When Aragorn makes this comment, it is during a discussion of the tokens of the orcs that waylaid the company and captured Merry and Pippin. Gimli opines that the "S" on the Orcs' helms stand for Sauron, and Aragorn disagrees and responds with the line about Sauron forbidding use of his real name-- and then suggests that the "S" stands for Saruman. The exchange clearly suggests that the "real name" in question is Sauron (starting with an 'S'), not anything else.

Christopher Tolkien's suggestion that Aragorn's information was 'out of date,' and referred to the time when Sauron still went by the generic term of 'necromancer' makes more sense, but is still a real stretch. Sauron had been openly declared for many decades before the War of the Ring. And not only the Mouth of Sauron, but the messenger from Mordor to Erebor, as recounted by Gloin at the Council of Elrond, refers to "the Lord Sauron the Great." It seems a stretch that Aragorn would have been unaware that Sauron's servants now used his real name.

The real answer most likely is: it's just a mistake, an error in consistency and continuity. Tolkien wrote different passages at different times, and revised them heavily over the course of many years. And there was a great rush as publication neared, and no conveniences like word processors or computer programs to make editing and proofreading easier. Aragorn's line is a great line, and a great idea, but Tolkien either didn't catch the inconsistency, or, more likely, meant to edit the work to remove it, but in the rush of putting the massive novel together, simply forgot and it slipped through. There are many errors like that in LOTR. Another frequently cited inconsistency is the statement that Sauron doesn't use the Elvish characters-- but the inscription on the Ring itself, while in the Black Speech, is written in Elvish script.

If you read LOTR enough times, you start to catch little slips throughout. No matter, I think it's inevitable in a work of such fascinating detail.169.253.4.21 (talk) 17:02, 27 May 2008 (UTC)TexxasFinn
 * Minor, minor, minor point, but Legolas says at the beginning of TTT that Sauron doesn't use the Elf runes (Cirth), so the use of the (different) Elvish script (Tengwar) on the Ring isn't technically an inconsistency. The use of Tengwar on the Ring is sort of covered off too, with Gandalf's statement that "they have no script fine enough for such work in Mordor" (or words to that effect). Since I doubt Tolkien had spotted the inconsistency anyway, that's most likely sheer coincidence.... 4u1e (talk) 09:28, 19 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Actually, Aragorn stated that Sauron forbid the use of his "right" name. The name Sauron is Elvish (either Sindarin or Quenya, I forget which), so it technically isn't his "right" name, it was merely the name that Elves had bestowed upon him. Perhaps Sauron had actually forbidden the use of his pre-Arda name (e.g., his "birth" or "real" name, spoken and written in Valarin, the native language of the Ainur before they descended to Arda). It's not impossible to consider that some of Sauron's most loyal, trusted or devoted followers could have known his real name, is it? - Myrddin_Wyllt 10/14/09

No, you're wrong. Please see the above. Aragorn's remarks about the Dark Lord not permitting the use of his "right name" are made when discussing what the "S" stands for on the Orcs' livery-- Sauron or Saruman. It is 100% CLEAR that Aragorn is referring to the name SAURON, not another name. Moreover, Tolkien states uses the name SAURON throughout his writings on Middle-earth-- CF the Silmarillion: "Of old, there was Sauron the Maia.....," throughout the Silmarillion, Sauron and Melkor (later Morgoth) are used as the "right names" of these evil beings, etc. Christopher Tolkien tried to suggest an alternative to clear up the inconsistency, but this was just an ex post facto justification, and a rather weak one at that. No matter. Why it is so beyond the pale to suggest that JRR Tolkien made mistakes and errors in LOTR is beyond me! I love the books and love Tolkien, and have read and re-read them probably 50 times throughout my life. But it is only natural that in a work of such incredible scope and creative detail, mistakes would be made. Imagine the difficulty of drafting this in the 40's and 50's, with technology limited to typewriters and carbons! But there are many, many other minor inaccuracies, from the Sauron issue, to the "extra" pony the Hobbits have as they leave Crickhollow, to different descriptions of geography and topography in different sections (Eastfold described as "rolling plains," and later "flat plain"), etc. It happens. 214.13.130.104 (talk) 06:00, 9 February 2010 (UTC)Vainamoinen

 * FWIW, here's the relevant passage from The Two Towers:

 * In context, the "right name" Aragorn is speaking of is clearly "Sauron". I'll remove the contrary speculation from the article page. -- Narsil (talk) 21:30, 25 January 2011 (UTC)

 * The way I'm reading that it appears that Legolas says that can't be "Sauron" because Sauron doesn't use elf runes to spell his name, and then Aragorn says that he doesn't use his "right name" either. To me this looks like a clear delimitation between the elf rune name (Sauron) and his "right name". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.238.126.144 (talk) 07:29, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

By the way, this article has gotten WORSE, not better. The "Mouth" does not appear on a "single page," the line about him being "almost certainly" a follower of "Herumor" is bizarre, the ridiculous speculation about his age (he's a mortal man, he's not 3000 years old), etc. Where does this stuff come from??214.13.130.104 (talk) 06:00, 9 February 2010 (UTC) Vainamoinen

There is no huge inconsistency here. Sauron may have a bee in his bonnet about people taking his name in vain, and thus a humble orc may not have dared to casually write it on his helmet, but the Mouth of Sauron is a powerful ambassador. Also, he makes sure to call him "Sauron the Great" (in the film -- I forget the wording in the book), rather than throw his name around as if there were equals. And perhaps even he wouldn’t have dared use the name in Sauron’s earshot. There is plenty of precedent for holy names being pronounceable in certain contexts. Jews and Christians don’t call their god ‘Elohim’ or ‘Yahweh’ directly, but they utter theophoric names like ‘Elijah’ (‘God is Jah’). Correctrix (talk) 04:19, 10 November 2017 (UTC)

Concept and creation
Currently concept and creation part absolutely unacceptable as a concept it should to contain author's conception but not critics', fun's or anybody's else.

What made to think that R. Morse's idea of Christian allegory and T. Shippey idea of WWII history allegory have something with the J.R.R. Tolkien's conception of Mouth os Sauron character when Tolkien himself expressed in letters his dislike of allegory (The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, 1981 iirc) and specially pointed that here's no any allegories of WWII history and personalities in his book?

Let's take a look on the draft texts, published in "The War of the Ring (The History of the Lord of the Rings 3)" in 1990:

"This survived into the fair copy, where it was replaced by the text of RK (p. 162), in which the Nazgul did not closely approach the Host of the West until the final attack on the Slag-hills. In the draft text it is said that 'some 500 left the host' and went off south-west towards Cair Andros. No more is said in the draft of the history of the Lieutenant of Baraddur, the nameless Mouth of Sauron, than that 'It is told that he was a living man, who being-captured as a youth became a servant of the Dark Tower, and because of his cunning grew high in the Lord's favour ...' In the fair copy this was repeated, but was changed subsequently to: 'But it is said that he was a renegade, son of a house of wise and noble men in Gondor, who becoming enamoured of evil knowledge entered the service of the Dark Tower, and because of his cunning [and the fertile cruelty of his mind] [and servility] he grew ever higher in the Lord's favour ...' (these phrases being thus bracketed in the original). In RK (p. 164) the Mouth of Sauron 'came of the race of those that are named the Black Numenoreans'."

No any suggestion for any allegories. The name with "Mouth" could be simply explained as he's messenger, herald, the spokesperson - the speech is one of his functions and as any other human he uses his mouth to speak. The manner of MoS is manner of his role: no any allegory here but maybe some "pattern" generally of villains (compare with the manner of Hollywood villains).

Di7ra (talk)

 * Do not remove cited work, the author is a WP:PRIMARY source, we need the opinions of WP:RELIABLE 3rd party sources to help prove WP:NOTABILITY. The authors stance is only 1 view point Carl Sixsmith (talk) 09:39, 4 November 2011 (UTC)
 * I think Di7ra is pointing out that the "concept and creation" section has no information about the actual "concept and creation" of the character, and instead only seems to provide some analyses of the character by third parties. Also, an author is a perfectly legitimate source of information about a character that they've created.  Swarm   X 11:26, 4 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Nobody said it wasn't. Carl Sixsmith (talk) 11:33, 4 November 2011 (UTC)
 * I thought you were implying it wasn't. My mistake.  Swarm   X 11:37, 4 November 2011 (UTC)
 * It's not any analyses othewise it should to include the analyses of the using allegories by Tolkien in his works (based on author's comments, of course). It's just somebody's alternative interpretations. Tolkien cleary said that dislikes of allegory, he even specially axplained that the book has been minded for along before the WWII and there aren't any allegories of H-bomb, countires and peoples, as Valinor isn't Paradise (Forodo's life in Valinor will end) and so on - the author's point is the defining and we don't have any actual proofs to say "here could be an allegory" as every thing which has been called "allegory" could to be simply explained in any other ways. It could to be only unsubstantiated theory - open a discussion thread or even add as an alternative view section, though it sounds a bit strange: Tolkien said he didn't like to use and didn't use allegories but we think he lied and actually did ;). Di7ra (talk)
 * It is only unsubstantiated in the realms of Tolkien fan-dom. For Wikipedia the sources are perfectly valid and encouraged. 3rd party discussion and dissection of an authors work is what gives weight to the article, even if that person disagrees with the authors. Have a look at the Albus Dumbledore article, there are references to 3rd parties who disagree with the authors revelation that he is gay! Carl Sixsmith (talk) 08:34, 10 November 2011 (UTC)
 * The key word in your answer is "discussion". And we may discuss only how like it could to be an allegory. Here should to be the analyses how author is using allegories in his book and what did Tolkien said about other scenes of his book which have been suggusted to be allegories as well (in all cases Tolkien said here waren't any allegories), and so on. It could to be an intersting work but here's nothing with "concept and creation" where should to be not some points of view (not analyses even) by other people but actual drafts of the character creation. As i have pointed above, you'r free to add an alternative - discussed - view section. But to place it under "concept and creation" is totally wrong way. And no, incorrect information or incorrectly placed information doesn't make any weight - the article only losses from it. 2.95.194.38 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 08:14, 12 November 2011 (UTC).
 * Of course it does belong there. That's what gives it notability. The authors opinion is only one view point and bears no more weight here than any other published reliable source Carl Sixsmith (talk) 09:23, 12 November 2011 (UTC)
 * "Concept and creation" is not only for the author's opinion (if that can be reliably traced back) but it is in fact primarily a section for third-party opinions of people who have been writing about the author's influences and motivations. You are wrong to assume that a Wikipedia article on fictional content is only based on primary sources. As Carl said, it is the secondary and tertiary sources that make a topic notable and benefit the article. A discussion of allegories etc. can only be added if someone else has done it before on a notable and reliable platform outside Wikipedia — adding your own interpretation of Tolkien's writings would be original research which is prohibited at Wikipedia. De728631 (talk) 16:34, 12 November 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mouth of Sauron


text:
User:TomO'Hern

ho hum.... nothing here, move along

title: User:TomO'Hern


text:
User talk:Jdallen

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

2007 NFL draft - FL Candidate
Hi., i nominated the article where you made significant contributions - 2007 NFL Draft as a "Featured list" candidate. Please leave a comment FLC-2007 NFL Draft. Thanks. Kalyan 21:29, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Eagle Crest Golf Course

The article Eagle Crest Golf Course has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non-notable course.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion.  PK T (alk)  21:56, 14 April 2010 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for October 5
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited 2012–13 Sheffield Shield season, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page John Hastings (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 14:08, 5 October 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for January 28
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited 2012 Trinidad and Tobago Quadrangular Twenty20, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Abul Hasan (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 12:01, 28 January 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for February 10
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited 2012–13 Regional Super50, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Leon Johnson (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 11:43, 10 February 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 4
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Pakistani cricket team in South Africa in 2012–13, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Shaun George (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 11:22, 4 March 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 12
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited 2012–13 Regional Four Day Competition, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Leon Johnson (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 12:56, 12 March 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 31
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Bangladeshi cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2012–13, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Abdur Razzak (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 19:51, 31 March 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for April 30
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Bangladesh cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2013, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Nasir Hossain (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 11:51, 30 April 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for May 7
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Bangladesh cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2013, you added links pointing to the disambiguation pages Abdur Razzak and Sean Williams (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 13:21, 7 May 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for July 25
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that you've added some links pointing to disambiguation pages. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

 * 2009–13 ICC World Cricket League (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added a link pointing to Saint Saviour

 * 2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Six (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added a link pointing to Damian Smith

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 11:22, 25 July 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for August 4
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited 2011–13 ICC Intercontinental Cup, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Craig Wallace (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 23:00, 4 August 2013 (UTC)

A page you started (Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2013) has been reviewed!
Thanks for creating Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2013, Jdallen!

Wikipedia editor Mike1901 just reviewed your page, and wrote this note for you:

"Hi! Great to see you starting a page for the Pakistani cricket team's tour of Zimbabwe - I've made a proposal on its Talk page to rename the page, but other than that, pretty good!"

To reply, leave a comment on Mike1901's talk page.

Learn more about page curation.

Disambiguation link notification for August 12
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that you've added some links pointing to disambiguation pages. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

 * 2013 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added a link pointing to Sharjah

 * International cricket in 2013–14 (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added a link pointing to Sharjah

 * Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2013 (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added a link pointing to Anwar Ali

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 13:25, 12 August 2013 (UTC)

World Cricket League
Please do not add the results for the following divisions to the 2009-14 WCL page as these divisions form part of the qualifying path to the 2019 World cup and therefore need to referenced in their own section that I have created. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Iain277 (talk • contribs) 20:03, 14 August 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for August 19
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that you've added some links pointing to disambiguation pages. Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

 * 1989 Ashes series (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added links pointing to Geoff Lawson and David Shepherd

 * 2013 County Championship (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added a link pointing to David Wainwright

 * 2013 Friends Life t20 (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver)
 * added a link pointing to Michael Lumb

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 12:07, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Cricket score formats
Please do not alter the format of the scores in 2013–14 Ashes series and English cricket team in Australia in 2013–14. Articles on cricket in Australia use a specific format (i.e. wickets/runs) that WikiProject Cricket has decided to stick to. – PeeJay 18:29, 17 December 2013 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for March 7
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. Wikipedia appreciates your help. We noticed though that when you edited Hesketh Hesketh-Prichard, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Bowler (check to confirm | fix with Dab solver). Such links are almost always unintended, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of "Did you mean..." article titles. Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 09:04, 7 March 2014 (UTC)

Reference Errors on 29 July
Hello, I'm ReferenceBot. I have automatically detected that an edit performed by you may have introduced errors in referencing. as follows: Please check this page and fix the errors highlighted. If you think this is a false positive, you can [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?action=edit&preload=User:A930913/RBpreload&editintro=User:A930913/RBeditintro&minor=&title=User_talk:A930913&preloadtitle=ReferenceBot%20–%20&section=new report it to my operator]. Thanks, ReferenceBot (talk) 00:27, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
 * On the Danny Salazar page, [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=619040598 your edit] caused an unnamed parameter error (help) . ([ Fix] | [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Help_desk&action=edit&section=new&preload=User:ReferenceBot/helpform&preloadtitle=Referencing%20errors%20on%20%5B%5BSpecial%3ADiff%2F619040598%7CDanny Salazar%5D%5D Ask for help])

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:16, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

Nomination of International cricket in 2003 for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article International cricket in 2003 is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/International cricket in 2003 until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Jack | talk page 20:41, 15 November 2016 (UTC)

Nomination for deletion of Template:2015 Cricket World Cup Pool A
Template:2015 Cricket World Cup Pool A has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for discussion page. HawkAussie (talk) 12:22, 2 May 2020 (UTC)

ArbCom 2022 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2022 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2022 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:25, 29 November 2022 (UTC)

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:20, 28 November 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jdallen


text:
User talk:Superking

I just noticed that you created the page: User:Blakeyrat, although you're username is Superking. Why? Thanks for participating in Wikipedia. JesseW 22:16, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for explaining it. JesseW 04:29, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Superking, you are awesome.
Superking, you are awesome.

 * Seriously. You are. The Amazing Superking 07:07, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

 * I have a question, Superking. When are you going to stop being so unbelievably awesome? --The Amazing Superking 21:09, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

Dog years edit
You added a quote by Pat Sajak into this article that sounds to me more like an urban legend than something that would actually have been said. I couldn't find anything about it; can you provide a source for this info? Thanks. Elf | Talk 19:08, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

WikiProject Japan taskforces
In order to encourage more participation, and to help people find a specific area in which they are more able to help out, we have organized taskforces at WikiProject Japan. Please visit the Participants page and update the list with the taskforces in which you wish to participate. Links to all the taskforces are found at the top of the list of participants.

Please let me know if you have any questions, and thank you for helping out! ··· 日本穣 ? · Talk to Nihonjoe 02:03, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

I love you
You're funny. Niarch (talk) 02:56, 15 May 2008 (UTC)

File source problem with File:Carbon12.gif
Thank you for uploading File:Carbon12.gif. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, please add a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a brief restatement of that website's terms of use of its content. However, if the copyright holder is a party unaffiliated from the website's publisher, that copyright should also be acknowledged.

If you have uploaded other files, consider verifying that you have specified sources for those files as well. You can find a list of files you have created [ in your upload log]. Unsourced and untagged images may be deleted one week after they have been tagged per Wikipedia's criteria for speedy deletion, F4. If the image is copyrighted and non-free, the image will be deleted 48 hours after 13:03, 2 May 2010 (UTC) per speedy deletion criterion F7. If you have any questions or are in need of assistance please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 13:03, 2 May 2010 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:51, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Superking


text:
User talk:TomO'Hern

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:TomO'Hern


text: Category:Argentine artists

title: Category:Argentine artists


text:
Giuseppe Arzilli

Giuseppe Arzilli (20 February 1941 – 19 November 2023) was a Sammarinese politician who was the Captain Regent of San Marino.

Arzilli served three six-month terms, the first from October 1986 to April 1987, the second from October 1999 to April 2000, and the third from October 2004 to April 2005. He was a member of the Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party. Arzilli died on 19 November 2023, at the age of 82.

title: Giuseppe Arzilli