text:
Talk:Pancasila (politics)

Source
I've added info on JI as an anti-pancasila group & info on 1948 civil war that claimed 27000 lives based on the commentary in a newspaper. --*drew 04:59, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Source number [13] is missing Tigre-samolaco (talk) 23:58, 7 December 2019 (UTC)

Pancasila terminlogy
Why Soekarno adapt the terminology Pancasila? Since Pancasila is also the five pillars of Buddhism. As far as I know, Pancasila of Buddhism isn't very common among Indonesian during pre-Independence era and sanskrit is not a common language among Indonesian. 141.213.240.242 06:36, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

Sanskrit isn't spoken by many Indonesians, but philosophy and culture from the Indian subcontinent have been exported to Indonesia for thousands of years. Hinduism and Buddhism have played a major role in the developemnt of Indonesia culture, so Sukarno was probably wise to appeal to something from the comon heritage that many Indonesians shared when trying to create unity. Gatherton 15:53, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

No... Pancasila in Buddhism is totally different from Pancasila in Indonesia. We, Indonesian, likes to use Sanskrit on philosophical things; such as Dasasila Bandung (10 principles of Asia-Africa Conference), Tritura (3 tuntutan rakyat = 3 demands from people), Bhineka Tunggal Ika (Unity in diversity), and more. The only common thing between Indonesian Pancasila and Buddhism Pancasila is both of them have the same amount of principles: FIVE (=panca). (Wisnuops (talk) 17:41, 8 December 2009 (UTC))

Standardizing Spelling
In the several articles that Wikipedia has about Indonesia and its history the two differnt spelling of Suharto and Soehatro and Sukarno and Soekarno are used somewhat interchangeably. I suggest picking one and sticking with it throughout the series of articels on Indonesia. Let's discuss whether uniformity is necessary, if so which one do we pick, and if we pick one there sohould be some kind of note somwhere in each article that alerts the reader to the existence of the alternate spelling. Comments? Gatherton 15:58, 24 April 2006 (UTC)

I vote for using the common denomination in English: Suharto and Sukarno. --Asterion talk to me 22:22, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree. 'Suharto' and 'Sukarno' are the spellings used by both 'The Jakarta Post' and the English language edition of 'Tempo' magazine - the two main English language news publications in Indonesia Davidelit 08:00, 11 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Disagree. 'Su' is not just about spelling, but also represents the year they was born. If you live in Indonesia, 'Suharto' and 'Soeharto' can be a different person. For example, one of the current Indonesian Movie Director, Rudy Soedjarwo. You can't change the name into Rudy Sujarwo. Kunderemp 16:56, 16 August 2006 (UTC) edited again by Kunderemp 17:58, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Is Indonesian Hindu polytheism?
I'm not Hindu but I'm not sure if Hindu in Indonesia can be categorized as polytheism. Although they have trimurti (Brahma - Siva - Vishnu), don't they prefer to mention Sang Hyang Widhi? I think there are other different between Hinduism in India and Indonesia (Bali).

Regardless whether Indonesian Hinduism is a polytheism, the criticism is still apply.

However, there adre claims from some Kepercayaan (literally means "belief" but I prefer to translate it to "Indonesian Traditional Believe") that the original believe in Indonesia is a monotheism, closely to Panentheism. Kunderemp 17:12, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Aha!
 * Found my arguments in Agama Hindu Dharma article. I never heard The Hindu in Indonesia protest Pancasila. I'll delete it. Kunderemp 17:30, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

Darul Islam against Pancasila
Was Darul Islam against Pancasila? If I remember correctly, Kartosuwiryo (Darul Islam in West Java) rebelled because they disagree with Renville Agreement while Daud Bereuh (Darul Islam in Aceh) rebelled because Soekarno merged Aceh Province with North Sumatra Province.

I read somewhere, Daud Bereuh as representation of PUSA (Persatuan Ulama Seluruh Aceh / United of Aceh Ulama)decided to join Indonesia in 1945 because the first pillar of Pancasila Kunderemp 17:12, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

Pancasila was onces referred in Piagam Jakarta. In piagam Jakarta, the first pillar is more than just "Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa". The next words are about obligations to practice Sharia. That's why the demand from some radical moslem organization still continue to change the Pancasila back to what it was written in Piagam Jakarta. (Wisnuops (talk) 17:57, 8 December 2009 (UTC))

Pancasila Pronounciation
" Pancasila, (pronounced /pæntʃæˈsiːlæ/) ... " What notation is that? Is 'æ' read as 'e'? Kunderemp 17:42, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * International Phonetic Alphabet. And IMHO it's incorrect, as Indonesian doesn't even have the /æ/ phoneme; it should be /panʧaˈsiːla/. Jpatokal 06:43, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

 * /æ/ is the 'a' in 'Padang' and 'Bapak'. See the rather more comprehensible International_Phonetic_Alphabet_for_English. With respect, I stand by my transcription. Davidelit 14:02, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I think Jpatokal was correct. Looking at your references page:
 * : bad
 * Nope.. 'a' in 'Padang' and 'Bapak' is not pronounced as 'bad' in english. It should be pronounced as either:
 * : bud
 * or
 * : body, pod, father
 * Kunderemp 17:51, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

 * He he he. This could go on for a while. Maybe we should discuss this over a coffee :-). The root of the problem is that the two languages (or three? - see below) have slightly different vowel sounds
 * Your are correct that the 'a' in Padang is not pronounced the same as 'a' in 'bad' in American English. My argument is that it is closer to the 'a' in 'hat' in British English (see my original reference). Also in British English, 'body' and 'father' have different vowel sounds. As I am British, I went by the transcriptions in the first half of the article. By the way, would you agree that the 'a' is 'Pancasila' is the same as the 'a' in Padang?

 * By the way, I don't want to be sombong, so I'll check with some of my Indonesian teaching colleagues next week. Regards Davidelit 05:29, 20 August 2006 (UTC)

 * How about y'all fight this out on Indonesian language, which currently states that Indonesian has the phoneme /a/ but not /æ/, and then come back here when that is sorted out?

 * And FWIW, as a native speaker of a language with the phoneme /æ/, there's no way in hell that the original pronunciation of Pancasila was correct. /ɑ/ as in father I can accept. Jpatokal 09:12, 20 August 2006 (UTC)

 * You have a point.My rendering is not consistent with the Indonesian language page, which it should be in the interests of Wikipedia quality. I'll have a think and come back to it. Davidelit 04:42, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I was going to change the pronunciation, but it's already been done. I'll concede this one in the interests of accuracy and consistency. Thank everybody for the inputs. Davidelit 13:35, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I went ahead and took out the length sign as well. It's certainly not phonemic, but add it back in if you feel it's justified phonetically. kwami 22:38, 21 October 2007 (UTC)

Allah and Tuhan

 * On August 18 1945, the group that ratified the Constitution unanimously agreed that the term "Allah" (God) should be replaced by "Tuhan" (lord), a more general term which was supported by the Hindus (Saafroedin Bahar et al 1992:305)

Both Allah and Tuhan means God. The different is, Allah was usually identified to Muslim (and Christian) while Tuhan is a more general term and accepted by all Indonesian. Kunderemp 18:13, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Note that the Preamble and the religious version of the presidential oath (article 9) both use the word 'Allah'. Only article 29 and the part of the preamble defining Pancasila use the word 'Tuhan'. Davidelit 14:10, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I know. But the previous version was mistaken by diffentiating the translation of "Allah" and "Tuhan", while the former was translated to "God" (capital G) and the latter was translated to "lord" (small l). I change it so only Tuhan the word to be translated (to God with capital G) while "Allah" is untranslated (and let people who want to know the meaning can find it themselves by looking at the page Allah). Kunderemp 17:44, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Article title
Where does the article title "Pancasila Indonesia" come from? All the sources seem to just refer to it as just "Pancasila". Perhaps a move to Pancasila (politics) would be in order?—Nat Krause(Talk!) 02:51, 24 October 2006 (UTC)

Symbol of Indonesia's Pancasila
Indonesia's Pancasila uses Garuda as its symbol. I heard that there are some meanings proposed by the symbol itself. As far as I know, the number of feathers of Garuda represents the date of the declaration of Indonesian Independence (17 August 1945): - The number of feathers for each wings is 17 - The number of feathers for tail is 8 - The number of feathers below the guard is 19 - The number of feathers for neck is 45

Is there any other meaning proposed by the symbol? especially for the five pictures on the guard.Celcius Chan 07:59, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

well, the star is for God, the rice & cotton are for prosperity, the chain is for unity, the tree is for justice & the bull-head I forgot....

 * the bull is for democracy.. Kunderemp 15:37, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

Distinguish internationalism vs. cosmopolitanism, etc.
The article introduction states a number of opposites, e.g. internationalism vs. cosmopolitanism, or nationalism vs. chauvinism. But it never states what the difference between these terms is, in the context of Pancasila. I'm going to remove them; if someone wants to explain them properly, feel free to put them back in. --SJK (talk) 17:36, 21 June 2008 (UTC)

Rewrite needed?
Something terrible seems to have gradually happened to this article. It seems to have slowly involved into a New-Orderish deep analysis of what is a formulation of a few dozen words. For example, why is there an entire section called "Philosophies of Pancasila"? Given that the introduction states that Pancasila is "the official philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state", then the section in question is about "philosophies of a philosophical foundation". And what is the section on "Development" all about, given that about the only changes were made between Sukarno's speech on 1 June 1945 and the finalization of the Constitution. Since then it hasn't changed, or er... developed. It seems to me that a more sensible organization of the article would be History - The five principles - Implementation (to include Sukarno's and Suharto's ways of ignoring or abusing Pancasila). I plan to be bold in the next few days, but thought I'd float my ideas on the talk page before going ahead. Any thoughts anyone? Davidelit (talk) 16:41, 1 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Indeed. Bring out the razor. It all smells very WP:OR and WP:SYN. --Merbabu (talk) 02:51, 3 October 2008 (UTC)

belief in one god?
"Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa" is translated as "Belief in one and only god". I think it's mistranslated. "Belief in one and only god" in Bahasa Indonesia is "PERCAYA kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa".

Tuhan is God. Ketuhanan is the adjective form of God.

I suggest this phrase to be re-translated. What is the adjective form of God in English? (Wisnuops (talk) 17:17, 3 June 2009 (UTC))

 * There is no such word. Jpatokal (talk) 01:01, 4 June 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree that the translation could be wrong. Wasn't Maha Esa the belief in the Supreme Being? Gryffindor (talk) 18:35, 24 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Maha Esa literally means "most single or one". Kamus Indonesia Inggris (An Indonesian-English Dictionary by John M. Echols and Hasan Shadily (Fifth impression, Gramedia, Jakarta, 1997 ISBN 979-403-753-2) lists "Tuhan yang esa" as meaning "the one God". Indonesia 1999: An official Handbook, published by the Indonesian Department of Information translates the first sila as "Belief in the One and Only God" on page 43, while Indonesia 1962 published by the Department of Foreign Affairs has the expression "Belief in the One God" on page 17. I would therefore suggest that given these two government sources published 37 years apart, the existing translation is accurate. Davidelit (Talk) 08:17, 25 October 2009 (UTC)

five and a half official religions?
In some districts, government computers are programmed to only allow the "original" 5 religions on the KTP and KK, even though the paper forms for obtaining these ID documents have coded numbers for Confucianism and Lain-Lain as options for religion. Is there a way to mention this issue in the article? Anybody seen news articles or NGO reports that describe it authoritatively? Martindo (talk) 04:50, 15 April 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Pancasila (politics). Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070609093103/http://asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/countries/indonesia/ConstIndonesia.html to http://asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/countries/indonesia/ConstIndonesia.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 22:41, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

Criticism section
This section seems to be a bit of a mess. It's been tagged for non-neutrality since 2013, is littered with tags, the few references don't support the idea that any criticism of Pancasila warrants this much text and there is a whiff of WP:OR. There is no criticism of Pancasila in Indonesia (partly because it's illegal to do so) or outside (because nobody cares?). I think it would be best to drastically cut or simply delete the entire section, but I wanted to know if anybody had any objections. Please comment if you do. Regards Davidelit (Talk) 08:01, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 5 external links on Pancasila (politics). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140505015415/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/1999/10/07/political-disillusionment-shadows-presidential-election.html to http://thejakartapost.com/news/1999/10/07/political-disillusionment-shadows-presidential-election.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140505023724/http://news.people.my.id/go/view/24481/tokoh-senior-pdip-theo-syafei-meninggal.html to http://news.people.my.id/go/view/24481/tokoh-senior-pdip-theo-syafei-meninggal.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140505002903/http://us.politik.news.viva.co.id/news/read/217360-politisi-senior-pdip-theo-syafei-meninggal to http://us.politik.news.viva.co.id/news/read/217360-politisi-senior-pdip-theo-syafei-meninggal
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20040903034543/http://www.ri.go.id/pancasila.htm to http://www.ri.go.id/pancasila.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060709155955/http://www.indonesia.nl/articles.php?rank=2&art_cat_id=22 to http://www.indonesia.nl/articles.php?rank=2&art_cat_id=22

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:40, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

My 20 April 2019 edits
I accidentally reverted my edit, then re-reverted it, but the same dodgy mouse meant I didn't leave a proper edit summary... Davidelit (Talk) 12:27, 20 April 2019 (UTC)

Big Tent Ideology?
I think Pancasila is a big tent ideology as it has socialist, nationalist and multicultarilistic (both liberal and socialist) values. But is it truly a big tent ideology? ChineseKid676 (talk) 12:41, 23 November 2019 (UTC)

pancasila is not political, its a dharma and ideology
Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa (Belief in One creator) not god but creator Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab (Just and civilized humanity) justice and ... Persatuan Indonesia (The unity of Indonesia) one nation with one principle Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/perwakilan (Democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations among representatives) democracy with the people or society as one and unity to socialize with one ... Keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia (Social justice for all of the people of Indonesia)

maaf bila lancang namun sila ke satu dan dua bahasanya untuk inggris salah mohon maaf sebelumnya QuaMbear (talk) 14:14, 21 July 2022 (UTC)

I've added some notes explaining it is an imprecise translation for the first sila, from an article from Constitutional Court (MK). You can check ,though i will not change the translation, as it is sadly most often used. Envapid (talk) 01:15, 8 March 2023 (UTC)

 * Semoga ke depannya negara kita semakin damai dan sejahtera, kebebasan beragama dan kemerdekaan serta hukum tidak tajam ke bawah... berkah selalu @QuaMbear QuaMbear (talk) 06:49, 8 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pancasila (politics)


text:
List MP

A list MP is a member of parliament (MP) elected from a party list rather than from a geographic electoral district. The place in Parliament is due to the number of votes that the party won, not to votes received by the MP personally. This occurs only in countries which have an electoral system based wholly or partly on party-list proportional representation.

Different systems
In some countries, seats in a legislative chamber are filled solely in accordance with the share of votes won by each individual party. Thus, in Israel, all members of the Knesset (MKs) are list members. Under this system, MKs are appointed from lists of candidates created by each party until the party has reached its allocated number. In other countries, a more complicated system is used. In the method used in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, some seats are filled using party lists, while others are filled by the "traditional" first-past-the-post (FPP) voting system. Under the mixed member proportional (MMP) system, the method used in Germany and New Zealand, a merger of party-list representation and geographic representation is employed — parties contest geographic seats (districts), but are then "topped up" with members from a party list.

New Zealand
New Zealand has at least 120 members of Parliament (MPs), out of which there are 72 electorate seats elected using FPP and the other MPs are selected from the party lists. The number of list MPs each party receives is the difference between a party's proportional allocation of parliamentary seats and its number of electorate MPs. Since the introduction of list MPs, New Zealand parliaments have been more proportional.

Controversies
The existence of list MPs has caused controversy in some countries. It is sometimes complained that because list MPs do not have a geographic electorate, they are not properly accountable to anyone. In addition, the methods used to create party lists are sometimes criticised as undemocratic — in a closed list system, the public have no way of influencing the composition of a party list. In this situation, the public cannot support one candidate without also supporting other candidates from the same party. Supporters of party list proportional representation sometimes retort that the public often have little control over the selection of local candidates, either — if a voter's preferred party selects a poor candidate, the voter is forced to either vote for a candidate they dislike or vote for a party they dislike. Under a party list system, voters can support their preferred party even if they are unwilling to vote for its local candidate.

An open list system, however, may go some way to addressing the concern that voters can only support all the candidates that were proposed by the party. A notable example of this was in the 2006 Dutch general election. The VVD had chosen Mark Rutte as their list puller (lijsttrekker). In the Netherlands, the party leader usually gets a large majority of the votes for that party, but in 2006 the number 2 on the list, Rita Verdonk got over 10% more votes than Mark Rutte. This eventually led to Rita Verdonk leaving the VVD and starting her own party.

There is also debate about the right of a list MP to switch parties. Because list MPs gain their seats by virtue of being on a party list, rather than by winning votes personally, some contend that the party, not the MP, is the rightful "owner" of the seat. In New Zealand, there have been several controversies regarding list MPs who left their parties — Alamein Kopu, elected from the Alliance list, controversially became an independent, and Donna Awatere Huata, elected from the ACT list, similarly became an independent. In the latter case, Awatere Huata's former party went to the Supreme Court to expel her from Parliament under so-called waka-jumping or "party-hopping" legislation. ACT alleged that it was ACT, not Awatere Huata, who was awarded the seat in the last election, and that when Awatere Huata left ACT, she should not have been able to take the seat with her. ACT's view was accepted, and Awatere Huata was expelled from Parliament.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: List MP


text:
Talk:Ecovillage

WikiProjects
This article is of interest to several WikiProjects:
 * WikiProject_Community
 * WikiProject_Ecology

Revisions
The history section needs to be improved. I want to link the Findhorn Ecovillage wikipedia page, as it was one of the. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Epbishop (talk • contribs) 17:32, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

Outline
 * I will elaborate more on the social, economical, and ecological dimensions of Ecovillages.
 * I will have more examples of Ecovillages, looking at the unique characteristics of Ecovillages throughout the world.
 * I will elaborate more on the purposes behind creating Ecovillages.
 * I wish to talk about the importance of Ecovillages in cities and how this could become a new phenomenon.
 * I don't think there was enough information regarding the importance of Ecovillages in promoting sustainability.
 * I wish to add a section on the importance of Ecovillages in reducing Ecological footprints.
 * There should be more information on this page regarding the importance of changing consumption patterns to reduce global climate change. Ecovillages offers an alternative to modern society and allow people to return to living in harmony with nature.

External Sources
 * Anonymous Author. "Green Acres: Ecovillages Reduce Ecological Footprints". Natural Life (Nov/Dec 2007): 17-20.
 * Christian, Diana Leafe. "Ecovillages: New Frontiers for Sustainability". Communities 134 (Spring 2007): 58-61.
 * Cordivae, Jacob. "Why Urban Ecovillages are Crucial". Communities 117 (Spring 2003): 37.
 * Hollick, Malcolm; Connelly, Christine. "Learning from Ecovillages Worldwide."Communities 104 (Fall 1999): 62-64.
 * Walker, Liz. "EcoVillage at Ithaca : pioneering a sustainable culture". New Society Publishers, 2005.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Epbishop (talk • contribs) 17:21, 15 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Great work so far on the Ecovillage Wikipage! Your additions to the characteristics are very insightful and beautifully written. It allows the reader to gain a better understanding of the lifestyle within Ecovillages. If you could maybe find examples of successful Ecovillages to contribute it may make for a more well-rounded overview of this way of life. Keep up the Great Work! :) DonGabrieli04 (talk) 15:35, 28 March 2012 (UTC)

Community series navbox
I have added ecovillage to the navbox you see here. I need to know if folks think its relevant, needed or useful. Thoughts, comments, questions, etc. desired. Thanx! CQ 02:03, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

Inclusion of "Eden Alternative" and others as links
Someone keeps adding "Eden Alternative" as a link under "See also." I have removed it as I don't think it is user friendly to advise the reader to "see" a link that goes nowhere. If you want it there, please write the article, but before you do, consider the following:

How are we to adjudicate between people who wish to promote themselves, or advertise a product under the guise of it being an "ecovillage"?

As we are going to have scores of folks who want to do some promotion of their project—there are now hundreds of ecovillages in the forming or building stages. It might be best to have some guidelines:

 * For an article, we should keep in mind what Wikipedia is not; in particular:
 * Wikipedia is not a soapbox (this includes self promotion and advertising)
 * Wikipedia is not a free host or webspace provider
 * Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information

 * Does the ecovillage meet Gilman's definition of an ecovillage?
 * Is there something noteworthy about the ecovillage that suggests it should have an article:
 * It has been around a long time and has gone through (r)evolutionary changes (e.g., Findhorn, The Farm)
 * It is a full-featured ecovillage and is doing something noteworthy (e.g. Earthaven)
 * Its members have invented and are pioneering new technologies (e.g. Gaviotas)

A List of ecovillages has been added to the article, which may help to sort this out. We can be much more inclusive in a list (though we should probably have a few groundrules, such as keeping it to an external link and brief comments).

Those are some initial thoughts. Please discuss. Sunray 21:09, 2005 Jun 12 (UTC)

Eco-towns
"Eco-town" is redirected to ecovillage. However, the UK government initiative of a series of new "eco-towns" is very different from the definition of Gilman and the rest of the article. See the "Eco-Towns Prospectus" of the UK Department of Communities and Local Government. Should eco-town have its own article? Tolleranza 12:21, 2007 Jan 14 (UTC)

 * There already is an article on Eco municipalities, which, I believe was the original term and is commonly used both in Northern Europe and in North America. Sunray (talk) 06:54, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

 * I've changed the redirect for Eco town from "Ecovillage" to "Eco municipalities" Sunray (talk) 21:23, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

Move to "Sustainable neighbourhood"
Given the wealth of articles on sustainable villages (ecocity-article, sustainable city-article, ecopolis-article and ecovillage-article), a simplification needs to be done.

As it is clear that "ecovillage" deals around smaller eco-projects, the article might be best renamed to "sustainable neighbourhood". It might then fit next to the "sustainable city"-article, which is to deal with the larger (city-wide) projects.

Tell us what you think on this page. If approved, we can reduce the amount of articles (as most are unnecessairy/confusing).

KVDP (talk) 09:53, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

Ecovillages are not neighborhoods Titling the ecovillage article sustainable neighbourhoods is misleading and clearly not within the definition of an ecovillage. It would make more sense to have 'SN' direct towards an ecovillage article. The article itself only refers to EV and not SN so it is quite sloppy. I think this should be changed back to ecovillages AND eco-municipalities should not be mreged because they are different concept. An eco-village is a small communal/cooperative undertaking while a eco-municipality can be of any scale or size and specifically is talking about municipal government policies.--Ryandwayne (talk) 01:12, 2 February 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree with Ryandwayne that ecovillages and "sustainable neighbourhoods" are not the same thing. I also am opposed to merging eco-municipalities with sustainable neighbourhoods. I'm not at all sure what a "sustainable neighbourhood" is, but ecovillages and eco-municipalities are both well-defined and need to remain as distinct articles. Sunray (talk) 22:32, 2 February 2008 (UTC)

 * The problem with titling an ecovillage as a city or sustainable neighborhood is that ecovillages very commonly attract and rely much closer on communal methodologies of sustaining themselves than sustainable neighborhoods. This means the whole point and description of the article changes.  A sustainable neighborhood is somewhat like a politically correct term for something when people don't want to come right out and say it's a commune.  Since the term ecocommune wasn't ever really coined, the term ecovillage took it's place.  They are too different to be comapred together in my opinion and much too different to be merged up the hierarchy as a sustainable city (as the plans specifically resonate as never going above a certain number of people). -Moocats (talk) 18:24, 12 May 2008 (UTC)

Types of people setting up sustainable-neighbourhoods
In a new section, it should be noted that the setting up of sustainable neighbourhoods is especially attractive to certain movements. These include the Survivalist communities (due to their aligning to the self-sufficient nature of sustainable neighbourhoods) and Hippie/New Age-movements (see the Freetown Christinia-movement).

KVDP (talk) 13:56, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

Ecovillage - Ekopedia
I suggest adding the following external link. -- Wavelength (talk) 06:40, 6 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Ecovillage - Ekopedia at Ekopedia

List of ecovillages ?
I removed this entry:

Supertech Eco Village A residential project is launched by Supertech Limited at Noida Extension in association with PropertyDiscount.in by the name of Supertech Eco Village.

However, I don't see any suitable article to place the text, perhaps a new article called List of ecovillages could be created for it ?

KVDP (talk) 07:34, 26 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Bulleted list item
 * Bulleted list item
 * Bulleted list item

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Ecovillage. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130512162136/http://socialsciences.arts.unsw.edu.au/tsw/D09TheSigOfTheGEM.html to https://socialsciences.arts.unsw.edu.au/tsw/D09TheSigOfTheGEM.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150827090738/http://wanderersend.org/ to http://wanderersend.org/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:17, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

suggestion to ´External links´ or so
COMMUNITIES OF HOPE, english, german subtitles. Quote: "Filmed largely at the European Ecovillage Network’s annual European Ecovillage Gathering", - 28m 09s - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9hbPFAzF0Y --Visionhelp (talk) 22:15, 5 September 2021 (UTC)

Wikipedia Ambassador Program course assignment
This article is the subject of an educational assignment at Mount Allison University supported by WikiProject Anthropology and the Wikipedia Ambassador Program during the 2012 Q1 term. Further details are available on the course page.

The above message was substituted from by PrimeBOT (talk) on 15:54, 2 January 2023 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Sustainable Futures
— Assignment last updated by Nomymelon (talk) 05:17, 3 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ecovillage


text:
User:Mastad

de:Benutzer:Mastad

title: User:Mastad


text:
User talk:Juan Ponderas

To sign your posts in the article talk pages, type ~~~~ (4 tildes). They will automatically convert into your name and timestamp, like this: Mikkalai 08:09, 31 Oct 2004 (UTC).

 * Wow, that's cool. And useful. I've already been denounced once at Talk:Communitarianism when I forgot to sign, and it appeared that I was agreeing with myself anonymously. Thanks for the advice. Juan Ponderas 21:08, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

radical centrism / Populism
You might do well to review Radical middle. Feel free to contact me any time, on or off the wiki. I enjoy such discussion as we have had. [[User:Sam Spade|Sam Spade Arb Com election]] 23:40, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm open to conversation now, Sam. Don't know if you're watching this page, I'll contact you otherwise. Juan Ponderas 21:08, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Please vote to keep CDP-USA userbox
Please go to here and vote to keep the CDP-USA userbox. And please consider telling others to do so as well. Thanks. Guðsþegn – UTCE – 20:07, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

Wikireason article format
Dear Juan/David,

The recent weeks have seem significant progress on proposals for article organization at Wikireason. I would like to settle on a model in the near future so that we can demonstrate the power of the Wikireason concept. You have previously provided valuable input on these issues, so I would appreciate any additional feedback that you can provide before this decision is made.

Please take a look at the following pages and comment on their talk pages:

 * Category:Wikireason organizational models
 * Wikireason:Organization

Thanks, AdamRetchless 05:28, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

Communitarian Forum
Hi Juan Ponderas, I'm not sure if you'd mind me asking you here (feel free to remove this if you do), but I have been trying to organise forming a Communitarian/Radical Centrist forum online. If you're interested, reply at my discussion page or by e-mail, whichever you prefer. Cheers, Hauser 06:58, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

ArbCom Election RFC courtesy notice
A request for comment that may interest you is currently in progress at Requests for comment/2010 ArbCom election voting procedure. If you have already participated, then please disregard this notice and my apologies. A Horse called Man 17:43, 31 October 2010 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:17, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

WikiProject Backpacking
I see you have self-identified as a backpacker by using the ”This user enjoys backpacking” userbox. I invite you to join the backpacking project. It recently reactivated. There is plenty of good work to do improving the encyclopedia’s coverage of backpacking equipment, organizations, celebrities, books, skills, and trails. The project provides a system to rate articles and prioritize editing efforts. Visit the project’s page, take a look, and please consider joining me in improving the articles and coverage of an activity we both enjoy.

—¿philoserf? (talk) 19:46, 17 March 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Juan Ponderas


text:
Talk:Global Ecovillage Network

Untitled
This article is of interest to several WikiProjects:
 * WikiProject_Community

title: Talk:Global Ecovillage Network


text:
User talk:Miyawaki

Welcome to Wikipedia, Miyawaki! Fg2 05:10, Oct 16, 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Miyawaki


text:
User:Ascánder

I'm mostly a user of the spanish Wikipedia. Please see my page there.

title: User:Ascánder


text:
User:Cantus/monobook.css

a {	text-decoration: none; }

body {	font-family: Trebuchet MS; font-size: 10px; color: #333333; }

title: User:Cantus/monobook.css


text: Category:Olympic weightlifters for Greece


text:
Gerry Eckhoff

Gerrard Mortland "Gerry" Eckhoff farms sheep and beef in the high country near Roxburgh, Central Otago. He is a former New Zealand politician, having served as an ACT New Zealand Member of Parliament.

Member of Parliament
He was first elected to Parliament as a list MP in the 1999 election, having been ranked ninth on ACT party list. In the 2002 election, he was ranked eighth, and remained in Parliament.

He was an ACT party spokesperson on agriculture, fisheries, forestry, biosecurity, rural affairs and land use issues. He remained a list MP until the 2005 election, in which he was again ranked eighth, but only two ACT MPs were returned.

Outside Parliament
Eckhoff was working for the Meat Industry Excellence Group for a while, but he resigned in April 2013 over differences in strategy.

title: Gerry Eckhoff


text:
Davidson, Saskatchewan

Davidson is a town in south central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is 104 km south-east of Saskatoon beside provincial highway 11 as well as Highway 44, in the Rural Municipality of Arm River No. 252. Approximately halfway between Saskatoon and Regina, it is a popular stopping point with many restaurants and gas stations located adjacent to the highway.

History
In 1902 Colonel Andrew Duncan Davidson, an enthusiastic entrepreneur from Glencoe, Ontario, came to Saskatchewan in hopes of creating a 'midway' settlement between the cities of Regina and Saskatoon. With agriculture as one of his driving passions, Davidson, through the Saskatchewan Valley Land Company, purchased 700000 acre from the railway and the federal government in an area where the soil was particularly suitable for grain farming. Davidson organized a train route that travelled from Chicago to Saskatoon; making one stop in Davidson on the way. This train route brought American bankers, entrepreneurs and newspapermen in hopes of starting up new businesses in the area. With the expansion of the community underway, Davidson also managed to sell more than 180000 acre of land in the area.

Within a short period of time, Davidson, which was declared the name of the community, was nicknamed the 'Midway Town' because of its central location. On 15 November 1906, Davidson was officially declared a town.

During World War II the Royal Canadian Air Force built and operated RCAF Station Davidson as a component of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. The station was constructed on a site 7 km east of the town. This site should not be confused with Davidson Municipal Airport which is adjacent to the town, on the south end.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Davidson had a population of $1,044$ living in $466$ of its $524$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $1,048$. With a land area of 4.05 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Sports and recreation
Hockey, baseball, fitness, curling, figure skating, dance, gymnastics, and riding are some of the activities offered to members of the community. The Davidson Cyclones of the Long Lake Hockey League play at the Davidson AGT Centre.

Davidson is home to the 9-hole grass green, Davidson Golf and Country Club.

The swimming pool beside the local campground offers swimming lessons.

Education
Davidson Elementary School and Davidson High School were formerly part of the Davidson School Division, which also included schools in the communities of Kenaston, Craik and Eyebrow. As of January 1, 2006, DES and DHS are part of the Sun West School Division. In a small community, the school is at its core. This allows many opportunities for the community to get actively involved in the school and vice versa. Some of the partnerships between the school and the community include working for "Communities in Bloom," contributing to the recycling program at SARCAN, and planting trees around the newly established walking trail. Davidson School's mission statement is "Developing, Encouraging, Succeeding; Creating the Future"

Media
The community newspaper is The Davidson Leader, publishing since 1904.

title: Davidson, Saskatchewan


text:
Talk:Brown's Chicken massacre

Untitled discussion
from VfD:

This page was listed it on cleanup; I've done some work on it. However, I'm not sure if it falls within our purview. As one who lived in the area at the time, I can testify that this event got a lot of media attention. Not sure what long term effects it had, if any. No vote. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 05:20, Oct 16, 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. I think the murder of 7 people probably is encyclopedic, and Wikipedia is not Paper. Darksun 10:37, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Agreed. keep.  Posiduck 15:03, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia is not a garbage dump. Not notable. --Improv 15:40, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * What's this Brown guy got against chickens? Ha ha. Anyway, I suppose it's notable enough, keep. Everyking 14:53, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Seems notable enough to me MarkS 15:15, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * K absolutely. Wolfman 18:37, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. The murder of 7 people is notable enough. Nadavspi 19:22, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. a bit of history. -R. S. Shaw 02:50, 2004 Oct 17 (UTC)
 * Worthy of a keep. And best keep your day job, Everyking. Denni ☯ 03:03, 2004 Oct 17 (UTC)
 * If a mass murder's not notable then what the hell is? Keep. -- Necrothesp 18:15, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Strong keep, both for content and my belief that things should not be nominated for deletion unless it's clear to the nominator they merit deletion. — siro  χ  o  19:55, Oct 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Intrigue 20:37, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Definite Keep.  Radman1 14:38, 18 Oct 2004 (PST)
 * Keep. Its a notable event and I still hear it brought up around the local area from time to time. ScottM 23:50, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep most definitely. It was a major news event in the Chicago area and nationally as well. Cvkline (talk) 02:13, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

end moved discussion

Article is a bit sketchy. I can't tell what led to the arrest of the two killers. Was it the dna chicken thing or the girlfriend's conefession? I thought the girlfriend came first and was confirmed by the dna, but I can't tell from the article, and I'm not sure. ThaddeusFrye 18:52, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

Ok, I checked and confirmed my memory with the chicago tribune, and edited the article accordingly. ThaddeusFrye 19:47, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

The article does not mention the means of murder, i.e., what the people died of. Johns1952 (talk) 13:48, 22 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Good point. For the record, they were all shot, "execution-style". —/M endaliv /2¢/Δ's/ 13:59, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

reverted anonymous changes
An anonymous editor changed the article to say that the DNA match was a partial one and that the details cited by the girlfried were only "not known" to have been made public. Since these changes were made without citing and documentation, I reverted them back to the version of the story as it's been decribed in media sources I've seen. —Preceding unsigned comment added by ThaddeusFrye (talk • contribs)

Trial commencement?
According to the article, James Degorski's trial was supposed to have begun on the 30th. Has it? —/M endaliv /2¢/Δ's/ 04:57, 2 May 2009 (UTC) yess the trial has started, i was there for the opening arguements. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.31.54.12 (talk) 01:27, 8 September 2009 (UTC)

Death Penalty
Why didn't they get the death penalty? Could their cases still be re-opened so that they could get the death penalty?

--Atikokan (talk) 04:15, 5 June 2011 (UTC)
 * On September 29, 2009 James Degorski was found guilty of all seven counts of murder. On October 20, 2009 he was sentenced to life in prison without parole. All but two of the jurors had voted for the death penalty.[10] At-least in Illinois (I am not sure about other jurisdictions), the jury must be unanimous when determine whether someone should receive the death penalty. Please check out this article for more information. For future reference, the discision page on articles are only reserved for topics and discussions directly related to the improvement of a Wikipedia article. Thanks! --  StarScream1007  ►Talk  03:21, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

From the article: "All but one juror had voted for the death penalty for Luna, but in Illinois the vote must be unanimous, so Luna was spared the death penalty." I'm not interested in attempting to edit this myself, but it should definitely be updated. While the death penalty was sought in this particular trial, Illinois has since repaeled the death penalty; therefore, it's inaccurate to imply that the unanimous vote law is still relevant. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 97.64.246.14 (talk) 20:15, 15 April 2013 (UTC)

 * I addressed that somewhat. Not perfect, but we also lack state-specific articles on capital punishment from which I could easily get wording. —/M endaliv /2¢/Δ's/ 00:46, 7 May 2013 (UTC)

I'm deleting that abhorrent 'info box'
Attack type: Weapons: Perpetrators: Victims:

You make it sound like a boxing match or a World War 2 battle. In fact it's even mildly offensive in the context of a battle in war, but in this context? It's incredibly offensive. This is a news story and should be treated simply as a news story. If you have a creepy personal file of murders and massacres, feel free to continue to write them up that way in your creepy little file. This is a general use encyclopedia and should not be treating the murder of 7 innocent people like that. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.227.77.90 (talk) 22:10, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

2014 Story About James Degorski
As some of you may have already read, James Degorski was awarded $451,000 In Civil Suit, in which he alleged a prison guard punched and injured his face. I was wondering if this is worth mentioning in the article. At first I wanted to add it, but felt it does not directly pertain to the Browns Chicken Massacre itself. It seems more of something that should belong in Degorski's article (if it existed). Again, that's just my take. --  StarScream1007  ►Talk  04:09, 15 March 2014 (UTC)

Two editors have since added this information, and it has been removed twice, with the argument "this is not directly related to the murders". I have just restored the paragraph again. Here are my arguments: AxelBoldt (talk) 00:55, 16 March 2014 (UTC)
 * The civil suit is indirectly related to the murders: (1) without the murders the civil suit would never have happened, and (2) the victims' families now stand a chance to receive some compensation from Degorsky. That is similar to but more relevant than the fact, mentioned in the article, that a Chase branch now takes the spot of the Brown's Chicken restaurant: an indirect consequence of the murders.
 * While admittedly not directly related to the murders, the information is clearly directly related to the murderer Degorski. Since Degorski does not have nor deserve his own article (WP:1E), information about him should be collected here. (For instance, if Degorski had died in 2012 in prison, we would certainly have added that information to this article.) We could collect the information about him in a separate section rather than incorporate it in the general Recent History section if that is seen as preferable.
 * Suppressing this information cannot possibly aid our readers; those readers not interested in the information can always ignore it, so no harm is done.

 * I'm in favor of keeping it in. It's somewhat tangential, but it ensures some degree of currency in the article... and readers will likely expect it here. We shouldn't surprise our readers. The Chase branch is much closer to inappropriate, perhaps per WP:IINFO, but it's something our readers will certainly be expecting. —/M endaliv /2¢/Δ's/ 17:05, 22 March 2014 (UTC)

Article move
First off, let me state that I know very little about this incident aside from what I have read in the article and know even less about the Brown's Chicken restaurants. When I came upon this article, I was somewhat confused by its title at first glance as to what it regarded. So I would like to suggest a move of this article to the title Brown's Chicken restaurant shooting for the sake of clarity and consistency with similar articles.

The trend with articles of this type has been leaning towards the use of the term "shooting" versus "massacre": 2013 Santa Monica shooting, Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, 2012 Aurora shooting, etc. There are exceptions such as Virginia Tech massacre, but given the creation dates it would seem that the term "massacre" was used because of articles like San Ysidro McDonald's massacre and others created earlier. There is considerable discussion about the use of the term on the Virginia Tech article's Talk page.

Obviously a redirect would be created and anyone using the term would still find this article.

I am in no way trying to change the impact or impression or any other interpretation of the event, this is simply for consistency sake with similar articles. Does anyone object to this move (and if so, why?) or have an alternative they wish to suggest? --Scalhotrod - Just your average banjo playing, drag racing, cowboy... (Talk) 17:50, 11 June 2014 (UTC)
 * That title change is not in keeping with what this event is most commonly known as. GigglesnortHotel (talk) 15:50, 19 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Brown's Chicken massacre. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20130120051409/http://classifieds.dailyherald.com/story/?id=325254 to http://classifieds.dailyherald.com/story/?id=325254
 * Added tag to https://www.wbez.org/Content.aspx?audioID=10845

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:59, 26 July 2017 (UTC)

Dead link
There is a dead link in the "Perpetrators" section. Otr500 (talk) 02:44, 5 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brown's Chicken massacre


text:
Richard L. Evans

Richard Louis Evans (March 23, 1906 – November 1, 1971) was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) (1953–71); the president of Rotary International (1966–67); and the writer, producer, and announcer of Music and the Spoken Word (1929–71).

Biography
Evans was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. In the late 1920s, he served as a missionary for the LDS Church in the United Kingdom. While on his mission, Evans served as associate editor of the Millennial Star, a periodical published by the mission. He received bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Utah. There, he joined Pi Kappa Alpha.

His master's degree was in economics. Over the years he served on the boards of directors of several companies.

In the late 1920s, he took a job with KSL radio as an announcer and script writer. He was also employed as the managing editor of the Improvement Era starting in 1936. He worked with the era for 30 years and eventually became its senior editor. He was also closely involved with the changes that led to the replacement of the Improvement Era with the Ensign, New Era and Friend in 1971.

In 1937, Evans' book A Century of "Mormonism" in Great Britain was published with a copyright by Heber J. Grant, as trustee-in-trust for LDS Church. Evans also served for a time as the president of the Temple Square Mission.

Evans may have been best known as the announcer for the weekly Mormon Tabernacle Choir radio broadcast, Music and the Spoken Word: every week, he wrote, produced, and announced the radio broadcasts, including a short inspirational message. His involvement in these weekly broadcasts spanned from its inception in 1929 until his death in 1971.

Evans' voice was familiar to Latter-day Saints as the narrator of various church productions, most notably Man's Search for Happiness. He also introduced the Salt Lake City choir's contribution to Bing Crosby's annual "Christmas Sing with Bing" radio broadcasts during the 1950s, and is heard on the 1956 Decca LP of the same name, which featured the previous year's "Christmas Sing" edition.

Evans served as president of the University of Utah alumni association for three terms and as a member of its board for 12 years. He also served for a time as a member of the Utah State Board of Higher Education.

Evans first became a church general authority in 1938 when he was called as a member of the First Council of the Seventy. Evans was ordained an apostle on October 8, 1953, following the death of Albert E. Bowen.

Evans was the last LDS Church apostle to have facial hair while in office, wearing a neatly trimmed mustache until the mid-1960s.

Evans died at age 65 on November 1, 1971. The vacancy in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles from his death was filled by Marvin J. Ashton. Evans was buried at Salt Lake City Cemetery.

Known for his ability to reach across religious differences, the Richard L. Evans Chair of Religious Understanding at Brigham Young University was created in his honor on November 1, 1972

title: Richard L. Evans


text:
Irv Novick

Irving Novick (April 11, 1916 – October 15, 2004) was an American comics artist who worked almost continuously from 1939 until the 1990s.

Career
A graduate of the National Academy of Design, Irv Novick got his start in the workshop of Harry "A" Chesler. From about 1939 to 1946, Novick was working for MLJ Comics, the company that would later be known as Archie Comics. He became the primary artist for their superhero comics, including the characters the Shield (the first patriotic superhero), Bob Phantom, the Hangman, and Steel Sterling, until MLJ cut back on these titles to focus more on their Archie comics.

He joined the United States Army on April 17, 1943.

From 1946 to 1951, Novick worked in advertising and for the largely unsuccessful comic strips Cynthia and The Scarlet Avenger. His long association with DC Comics began when he was hired by editor Robert Kanigher, who had previously written Novick-illustrated comics for MLJ. Novick and Kanigher would be friends and colleagues for many years. Initially, Novick was primarily an artist on war comics such as Our Army at War and occasionally romance comics. Kanigher and Novick introduced the Silent Knight character in The Brave and the Bold #1 (Aug. 1955).

Novick left DC for the Johnstone and Cushing advertising agency in the 1960s, but was unhappy in advertising and was lured back to DC by Kanigher with a freelance contract, a guarantee of steady work and certain perks which was at the time unprecedented. After editorial and management changes in 1968, Novick began drawing superhero titles such as Batman, Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane, and The Flash. Novick and writer Frank Robbins crafted the story which revealed the last name of Batman's butler Alfred Pennyworth in Batman #216 (Nov. 1969). The Robbins and Novick team was instrumental in returning Batman to the character's gothic roots, such as in the story "One Bullet Too Many". Robbins and Novick created the Ten-Eyed Man in Batman #226 (Nov. 1970) and the Spook in Detective Comics #434 (April 1973). He and Dennis O'Neil launched The Joker series in May 1975. Novick drew the introductions of Duela Dent in Batman Family #6 (July–Aug. 1976) and the Electrocutioner in Batman #331 (Jan. 1981). Novick continued to work, still under contract, until failing eyesight prompted his retirement in the 1990s.

Influence
A panel Novick drew in All-American Men of War #89 (Jan.–Feb. 1962) of a U.S. Air Force plane shooting down an enemy plane with the onomatopoeia "WHAAM!" was later appropriated for Roy Lichtenstein's painting of that name.

Awards
Irv Novick received an Inkpot Award in 1995.

DC Comics

 * Action Comics (Superman) #537–538, 569 (1982–1985)
 * Adventure Comics (The Flash) #459–461 (1978–1979)
 * All-American Men of War #127–128 (1952)
 * All-American Men of War vol. 2 #4–10, 16, 19, 21–23, 25, 33, 35, 40, 45–46, 50, 54, 56, 61, 70, 77, 81–89, 92–111, 115, 117 (1953–1966)
 * Batman #204–207, 209–212, 214–217, 219–222, 224–227, 229–231, 234–236, 239–242, 244–250, 252–254, 256–261, 266, 268, 271, 286, 310–311, 313–320, 322–335, 338–339, 341–342 (1968–1981)
 * Batman Family (Robin) #6, 8, 12; (Robin and Batgirl) #9 (1976–1977)
 * The Brave and the Bold #1–21, 88 (1955–1970)
 * Captain Storm #1–11, 14, 17–18 (1964–1967)
 * DC Comics Presents #40, 42, 44, 48, 60, 62, 69, 83 (1981–1985)
 * DC Special Series (The Flash) #1, 11 (1977–1978)
 * Detective Comics (Elongated Man) #364 (1967); (Batman) #414, 418–419, 425, 427, 431, 434–435, 489, 521–522, 595 (1971–1988); (Green Arrow) #523–525 (1983)
 * Falling In Love #1 (1955)
 * The Flash #200–204, 206–212, 215–263, 265–270 (1970–1979)
 * The Flash Special #1 (1990)
 * G.I. Combat #48, 50–51, 58, 75, 82, 85, 89–92, 94, 97, 110, 116, 118–120, 122–124, 127 (1957–1967)
 * Girls' Love Stories #27 (1954)
 * Green Lantern (Green Lantern Corps) #157–158 (1982)
 * The Joker #1–2, 5–9 (1975–1976)
 * Our Army at War #1–6, 8, 11–13, 15–17, 19, 21–24, 26, 28, 34–35, 40–43, 45, 55, 64, 71, 77, 82, 84, 104, 106, 122, 124, 126, 128, 154, 157, 167 (1952–1966)
 * Our Fighting Forces #1–2, 5–6, 8, 12–14, 23, 26, 30–31, 57, 65, 67–68, 73–74, 93–99, 104 (1954–1966)
 * Robin Hood Tales #8 (1957)
 * Sea Devils #11–12, 14–15 (1963–1964)
 * Secret Origins, vol. 2, (Rocket Red) #34; (Teen Titans) Annual #3 (1988–1989)
 * Star Spangled War Stories #13, 21, 23–25, 29–30, 35–36, 40–41, 43, 47–48, 51, 63, 65, 67, 71, 90, 98, 101–102, 109, 116, 153 (1953–1970)
 * Strange Sports Stories #2, 4–5 (1973–1974)
 * Superman #393, 406–407, Special #3 (1984–1985)
 * The Superman Family (Mr. and Mrs. Superman) #213–215, 221 (1981–1982)
 * Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane #82–85, 87–88, 90, 93, 96–103 (1968–1970)
 * Teen Titans #8–10, 12, 45–46 (1967–1977)
 * Tomahawk #113 (1967)
 * Wonder Woman #173–176, 213, 318 (1967–1984)
 * World's Finest Comics (Superman and Batman) #281–282; (The Atom) #283 (1982)

title: Irv Novick


text:
Quill Lake

Quill Lake (2016 population: ) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Lakeside No. 338 and Census Division No. 10. It is 170 km east of Saskatoon and 200 km northeast of Regina.

The village is located just to the northwest of the Quill Lakes. The Quill Lakes wetland complex is a designated Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network site where many migrating shorebirds stop during long migrations. Because of this the village is also known by its residents as the "Goose Capital of Saskatchewan".

History
Quill Lake was originally established as Lally, named after a railway official of the day. Later it was renamed Quill Lake to conform to the name of the post office. The community was built around the site which was originally the location of a log school house. Quill Lake incorporated as a village on December 8, 1906.

Quill Lake has one municipal heritage building, the St. Michael's Anglican Church, constructed between 1907 and 1913. The wood building was built in the Gothic revival style and has a fieldstone foundation. It was previously known as the Quill Lake United Church and the Quill Lake Methodist Church. The building was designated a heritage building in 2000.
 * Heritage sites

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Quill Lake had a population of $377$ living in $188$ of its $213$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $387$. With a land area of 1.32 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the Village of Quill Lake recorded a population of living in  of its  total private dwellings, a NaN% change from its 2011 population of. With a land area of 1.3 km2, it had a population density of in 2016.

Notable people

 * Ray Meiklejohn, former Saskatchewan cabinet minister
 * Lyle Odelein, former NHL hockey player
 * Selmar Odelein, former NHL hockey player

title: Quill Lake


text:
Malaysian Sign Language

Malaysian Sign Language (Bahasa Isyarat Malaysia, or BIM) is the principal language of the deaf community of Malaysia. It is also the official sign language used by the Malaysian government to communicate with the deaf community and was officially recognised by the Malaysian government in 2008 as a means to officially communicate with and among the deaf, particularly on official broadcasts and announcements. BIM has many dialects, differing from state to state.

Malaysian Sign Language was created with the establishment of the Malaysian Federation of the Deaf in 1998, and its use has expanded among deaf leaders and participants. It is based on American Sign Language (ASL), but the two are considered different languages.

Kod Tangan Bahasa Malaysia or Manually Coded Malay (KTBM) is another teaching method created by hearing educators and linguists in between 1980 and 1986 and remains the only form of sign recognized by the Malaysian Ministry of Education as a method to teach Malay to deaf students in formal education settings rather than act as an official language. However, it is not a language in itself, but a means of manually coding the Malay language. The use of KTBM supposedly makes it easier for teachers to teach the Malay language to deaf students.

Sign languages which predate BIM in Malaysia are Penang Sign (PSL) and Selangor Sign (Kuala Lumpur Sign, SSL or KLSL). Additionally, every parent of deaf children uses unique created signs, called home signs, for gestural communication. The use of such home signs among peranakan or ethnic Chinese users of BIM may be responsible for the controversy over the supposed influence of Chinese Sign Languages, which is not well documented and may merely be based on ethnic stereotyping.

To further educate and promote the use of BIM, MFD implemented the BIM Sign Bank as the official source of reference for the sign language to the community, including students, teachers, parents, and the general users. In collaboration with Guidewire Gives Back, the BIM Sign Bank application, "BIM Sign Bank by MFD", was developed and launched in July 2021.

title: Malaysian Sign Language


text:
User:IdahoEv

biographical
Evan Dorn, Age 30. Pasadena, California, USA.

I am a graduate student at the California Institute of Technology, preparing to defend my thesis in "Computation and Neural Systems" sometime in the winter of 2004/2005. My research interests are in Artificial Life and Astrobiology, particularly in how experiments with artificial organisms can elucidate the impact of evolving biosystems on their environment in ways that could be measured by scientists searching for extraterrestrial life.

I am also a freelance web designer and computer/SOHO consultant. .

primary authorship or large contributions
Pages for which i've written large amounts of content:

Science and research

 * Quasispecies "Simplified explanation" section, for us mere mortals. (added 6 Feb 2007)
 * Biosignature (started 10:04, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC))
 * Viking biological experiments (started 10:04, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC))

Triathlon and athletics

 * Triathlon (major expansion of existing article)
 * Drafting (racing) (started 20:58, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC))
 * Triathlon equipment (started article 1 Dec 2004)

Health and medicine

 * Sleep apnea (treatment section) IdahoEv 07:39, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Polymeal (started article 06:38, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC))

moderate contributions & stubs

 * Added to: Fermi paradox
 * Cleaned up: XTERRA triathlon
 * Created stubs: Wildflower Triathlon World Triathlon Corporation  International Triathlon Union Off-road triathlon
 * Categorization efforts: Category:Cardiovascular diseases Category:Endurance games Category:Multisport

planned contributions

 * biomarker

subjects I follow

 * Artificial Life
 * Astrobiology
 * Triathlon

title: User:IdahoEv


text:
Voice over WLAN

Voice over wireless LAN (VoWLAN), also voice over Wi‑Fi (VoWiFi ), is the use of a wireless broadband network according to the IEEE 802.11 standards for the purpose of vocal conversation. In essence, it is voice over IP (VoIP) over a Wi-Fi network. In most cases, the Wi-Fi network and voice components supporting the voice system are privately owned.

VoWLAN can be conducted over any Internet accessible device, including a laptop, PDA or VoWLAN units which look and function like DECT and cellphones. Just like for IP-DECT, the VoWLAN's main advantages to consumers are cheaper local and international calls, free calls to other VoWLAN units and a simplified integrated billing of both phone and Internet service providers.

Although VoWLAN and 3G have certain feature similarities, VoWLAN is different in the sense that it uses a wireless internet network (typically 802.11) rather than a cellular network. Both VoWLAN and 3G are used in different ways, although with a femtocell the two can deliver similar service to users and can be considered alternatives.

Applications
For a single location organisation it enables use of existing Wi-Fi network for low (or no) cost of use VoIP (hence VoWLAN) communication in a similar manner to land mobile radio system or walkie-talkie systems with push to talk and emergency broadcast channels. They are also used across multiple locations for mobile workers such as delivery drivers, these workers need to take advantage of 3G type services whereby a cellular company provide data access between the handheld device and the companies back-end network.

Benefits
A voice over WLAN system offers several benefits to organizations, such as hospitals and warehouses. Such advantages include increased mobility and cost savings. For instance, nurses and doctors within a hospital can maintain voice communications at any time at less cost, compared to cellular service.

Types

 * 1) as an extension to cellular network using Generic Access Network or Unlicensed Mobile Access (the equivalent but more commercial term).
 * 2) as a local network independent of cellular company.

Design considerations
A Wi-Fi network that supports voice telephony must be carefully designed in a way that maximizes performance and is able to support the applicable call density. A voice network includes call gateways in addition to the Wi-Fi access points. The gateways provide call handling among wireless IP phones and connections to traditional telephone systems. The Wi-Fi network supporting voice applications must provide much stronger signal coverage than what's needed for most data-only applications. In addition, the Wi-Fi network must provide seamless roaming between access points.

Alternatives
As noted above, in many contexts a femtocell, using cellular technology to connect to standard terminals, can be considered an alternative to VoWLAN.

title: Voice over WLAN


text:
Albert E. Bowen

Albert Ernest Bowen (October 31, 1875 – July 15, 1953) was an American lawyer and Mormon religious leader who served as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Born in Henderson Creek, Idaho Territory, to David Bowen and Annie Shackleton, Bowen served as an LDS Church missionary in Switzerland and Germany from 1902 to 1904.

Bowen received a J.D. degree from the University of Chicago Law School. He was a lawyer in Logan, Utah, and the county attorney for Cache County, Utah. He later worked in Salt Lake City.

In 1902, Bowen married Aletha Reeder; they had two children. She died in 1906, and in 1916 Bowen married singer Emma Lucy Gates. He was married to Gates until her death in 1951.

Bowen joined the "Clark and Richards" law firm on 24 January 1922, changing the name to "Clark, Richards, and Bowen." Bowen maintained an intimate friendship with J. Reuben Clark and was said to have summarised his three main virtues as having "vigorous and discriminating intellect," "prodigious power of work," and "uncompromising, undeviating honesty."

Later on, Bowen served on the General Board of the Deseret Sunday School Union and as president of the Sunday School Union for the Cache Stake, based in Logan, Utah. In The Church Welfare Plan, published by the Deseret Sunday School Union in 1946, Bowen wrote about the need for the Church to care for the poor and infirm and assure them a respectable place in the community. Bowen also argued that as the Saints become more economic prosperous in the early 20th century, wealthier wards were neglecting to collect charity such as monthly fast offerings, and so the burden of welfare relief was increasingly falling upon those in poorer wards.

In 1935, Bowen became the Superintendent of the LDS Church's Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association (YMMIA), succeeding George Albert Smith. In 1937, Bowen was chosen by church president Heber J. Grant to fill a spot in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles that was left vacant by the death of Alonzo A. Hinckley. At the same time, Bowen was succeeded at the YMMIA by George Q. Morris.

During World War II, Bowen said: "We must... sustain our country to the full measure of the requirement of loyalty and patriotic devotion." He also believed that "We dare not lose that war," as defeat would lead to the end of "liberty as we have come to esteem it."

In 1945, Bowen was on the Board of Trustees for Brigham Young University. Bowen was involved with the search for a new BYU president after World War II, and was one of the strongest supporters, along with John A. Widtsoe, of eventual appointee Ernest L. Wilkinson.

It has been argued Bowen was probably the chief author behind an unsigned review of the prominent book No Man Knows My History by Fawn M. Brodie, which was one of the first biographies of Joseph Smith to take a secular and critical approach. This review, entitled "Appraisal of the So-Called Brodie Book," was published on May 11, 1946 in the Deseret News. In it, he criticizes the book by dismissing it as being "wholely atheistic" and nothing more than a "composite of all anti-Mormon books that have gone before pieced into a pattern conformable to the author's own particular rationale and bedded in some very bad psychology." It has been further argued that this likely mirrored the Church's official position as the review was republished and circulated as a missionary tract of the same title. Later on, in the April general conference of 1946, Bowen himself openly criticized the book, along with some others present, by making a "stirring defense" of Joseph Smith against the "poisonous slander of those who would make him out an imposter."

Bowen died of arteriosclerosis in Salt Lake City at the age of 77. He was replaced in the Quorum of the Twelve by Richard L. Evans. Bowen was buried at Salt Lake City Cemetery.

title: Albert E. Bowen


title: File:PepComics1.jpeg


text:
User talk:Oceanfish123

TAMAGOTCHI CONNECTION

BANDAI 2004- Released in Japan in March, the UK in July and finally in the U.S in August 2004! This is an updated version of the original Tamagotchi virtual pet. ( read about original before this http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamagotchi.) This new Tamagotchi includes a new infrared function where the Tamagotchis can communicate, play games and even get married through an infrared laser code named TamaCom. There are new characters and its slightly bigger in size from the original. Its a great toy for kids and even adults 9 and up.

In JAPAN this toy is called Tamagotchi Plus, in the UK its called Tamagotchi Connexion and in the US, Tamagotchi Connection.

title: User talk:Oceanfish123


text:
Safety life cycle

The safety life cycle is the series of phases from initiation and specifications of safety requirements, covering design and development of safety features in a safety-critical system, and ending in decommissioning of that system. This article uses software as the context but the safety life cycle applies to other areas such as construction of buildings, for example. In software development, a process is used (software life cycle) and this process consists of a few phases, typically covering initiation, analysis, design, programming, testing and implementation. The focus is to build the software. Some software have safety concerns while others do not. For example, a Leave Application System does not have safety requirements. But we are concerned about safety if a software that is used to control the components in a plane fails. So for the latter, the question is how safety, being so important, should be managed within the software life cycle.

What is the Safety Life Cycle?
The basic concept in building software safety, i.e. safety features in software, is that safety characteristics and behaviour of the software and system must be specified and designed into the system.

The problem for any systems designer lies in reducing the risk to an acceptable level and of course, the risk tolerated will vary between applications. When a software application is to be used in a safety-related system, then this must be borne in mind at all stages in the software life cycle. The process of safety specification and assurance throughout the development and operational phases is sometimes called the ‘safety life cycle’.

Phases in the Safety Life Cycle
The first stages of the life cycle involve assessing the potential system hazards and estimating the risk they pose. One such method is fault tree analysis.

This is followed by a safety requirements specification which is concerned with identifying safety-critical functions (functional requirements specification) and the safety integrity level for each of these functions. The specification may either describe how the software should behave to minimize the risk or might require that the hazard should never arise.

A ‘normal’ process model is then followed with particular attention paid to the validation (inspection, testing etc.) of the system. Part of that validation should be an explicit safety validation activity.

title: Safety life cycle


text:
Manually Coded Malay

Kod Tangan Bahasa Malaysia (KTBM), or Manually Coded Malay, is a signed form of the Malay language recognized by the government in Malaysia and the Malaysian Ministry of Education. It aids teachers in teaching the Malay language to deaf students in formal education settings. It is not a language but a manually coded form of Malay. It was adapted from American Sign Language (or Manually Coded English), with the addition of some local signs, plus grammatical signs to represent Malay affixation of nouns and verbs. It is used in Deaf schools to teach the Malay language.

The official Malaysian Sign Language, known as Bahasa Isyarat Malaysia, is the official sign language the Malaysian government recognises to communicate with the deaf community, including on official broadcasts. It is a language in its own right and not a manual coding of the Malay language like KTBM.

title: Manually Coded Malay


text:
Tamagotchi Connection

The Tamagotchi Connection, known as Tamagotchi Plus in Japan and Tamagotchi Connexion in the UK, is a virtual pet in the Tamagotchi line of digital toys from Bandai. The Tamagotchi Connection is unique from prior models in that it uses infrared technology to connect and interact with other devices and was first released in 2004, 8 years after the first Tamagotchi toy. Using the device's infrared port, the virtual pet (referred to as a Tamagotchi) can make friends with other Tamagotchis, in addition to playing games, giving and receiving presents and having a baby. In May 2024, Bandai announced a relaunch of the Tamagotchi Connection to celebrate the series' 20th anniversary. They were officially released in July 2024.

Versions 1 to 4 of Tamagotchi Connection have 6 levels of friendship that can be viewed in the Friends List: Versions 5 and 6 have different levels.
 * Acquaintance (one smiley-face)
 * Buddy (two smiley-faces)
 * Friend (three smiley-faces)
 * Good friend (four smiley-faces)
 * Best friend (two love-hearts, two smiley-faces, during connection they may kiss)
 * Partner (four love-hearts, during connection they will kiss and may have babies)

If the Tamagotchi cannot find a partner from another device to have babies with, a matchmaker will come, allowing the Tamagotchi to have a baby with a computer-controlled Tamagotchi character. This applies to versions 1 to 4 and 6 only. Version 5 introduces a Dating Show game in which the user must play to gain a CPU partner.

Versions
All Tamagotchi Connection devices are capable of connecting with each other; however, a character from a newer Version will show on an older version as the mystery character known as Nazotchi.

Tamagotchi Connection v2 (2004)
The Tamagotchi Connection v2 introduces "Gotchi Points", an in-game currency used to buy shop items. Also, more games are unlocked as the Tamagotchi ages. It has 6 stages of life:
 * Egg - This only occurs once the device has been reset, either by pressing the reset button on the rear of the device or by installing a new battery. Once the clock has been set, it will hatch in one minute.
 * Baby - The baby unlocks the game Jump.
 * Child - The child unlocks the game Bump.
 * Teenager - The teenager unlocks the games Flag and Heading.
 * Adult - The adult unlocks the game Slot.
 * Senior. The senior can only be unlocked if the Tamagotchi stays unmarried for a certain number of days. This applies to all versions.

Tamagotchi Connection v3 (2006)
Aside from different games, The Tamagotchi Connection v3 makes few changes in comparison to the v2. Like the v2, the older the Tamagotchi gets, the more games it has access to, and there are still six stages of life.
 * Egg - Like the v2, the egg is the first stage and occurs when the device has been reset. When the clock has been set, the egg will hatch in one minute.
 * Baby - The baby unlocks the game Get Music.
 * Child. The child unlocks the game Bump.
 * Teenager. The teenager unlocks the games Flag and Heading.
 * Adult. The adult unlocks the games Memory and Sprint.
 * Senior. Like on the v2, the Senior can only be unlocked if the Tamagotchi stays unmarried for a certain number of days.

Other differences from the v2
 * There is no 'Treat' option in the food.
 * There are new 'Password' and 'Souvenir' options.
 * When you are connecting with another v3, visiting is a new option.
 * There are new 'Point' and 'Family' options in the friendbook.

Tamagotchi Connection v4 Jinsei (2007)
As in previous versions, Tamagotchis play games for a certain number of "Gotchi Points" and unlock more games as it ages. The Tamagotchi Connection makes additional changes to gameplay instead of simply changing the games and other minor details. For example, the child and teenager can go to school and play mini-games, where an adult can get a job. Also, the "Lamp" menu item (allows the user to turn the "light" on or off) is no longer present. Instead, it is replaced with a "Mail" menu item where the player can check for any mail they will occasionally receive.
 * Egg - This only occurs when the device has been reset. Once the clock has been set, it will hatch in one minute.
 * Baby - The baby unlocks the game Jumping Rope.
 * Child - The child unlocks the game Mimic.
 * Teenager - The teenager unlocks the games Shape, Dance and Flag.
 * Adult - As an adult, the Tamagotchi can get a job which unlocks various mini-games, depending on what job the player chooses for the Tamagotchi.
 * Senior - Much like previous versions, the Senior life stage can only be achieved if the Tamagotchi stays unmarried for a certain number of days.

New to the Tamagotchi Connection with the v4 is the ability for a child or teenager Tamagotchi to go to school and an adult to go to work. The player can choose which teacher they want once the Tamagotchi reaches the Teenage stage, and will train either "Intelligence Points", "Style Points" and "Kindness Points" through mini-games. The player also chooses what job an adult Tamagotchi gets and will unlock mini-games based on this choice. It also introduces characters being separated by groups (Mame, Meme, Kuchi and Universal) and genders.

Tamagotchi Connection v4.5
The Connection v4.5 makes minimal changes to gameplay from the v4, short of adding new games; however, the way to obtain the Universal family is different.
 * Egg - This only occurs when the device has been reset. Once the clock has been set, it will hatch in one minute.
 * Baby - The baby unlocks the game Climb.
 * Child - The child unlocks the game Tug of War.
 * Teenager - The teenager unlocks the games Apples, Shapes, and Man-hole.
 * Adult - As an adult, the Tamagotchi can get a job which unlocks various mini-games, depending on what job the player chooses for the Tamagotchi.
 * Senior - Much like previous versions, the Senior life stage can only be achieved if the Tamagotchi stays unmarried for a certain number of days.

PC
This option is needed to visit the V4 online world of Tamagotchi Town. The Tamagotchi goes off the screen and a Log-In Password is provided. At Tamagotchi Town, the password is entered and Tamagotchi Town appears on-screen. In Tamagotchi Town, many things can be done, such as:

 * Shopping for items and food (up to 10)
 * Earning "Gotchi" points (up to 9900)
 * Earning souvenirs
 * Travelling to different countries
 * Going to preschool
 * Going to school
 * Going to work
 * Playing games
 * Visit previous Tamagotchis

Tamagotchi Connection v5 Familitchi (2008)
The Tamagotchi Connection v5 is the English version of the FamiTama and is the first Tamagotchi to be exactly the same (besides language) worldwide since the Tamagotchi Plus. It was released in Asia on January 6, 2008, in Australia on January 10, 2008, and was released worldwide later in February 2008. The v5 introduces the ability to raise families, with 3-5 parents and kids. It also has a new website that it shares with the Famitama, the "Tama and Earth Expo". According to the package, "The Tamagotchis set up this expo to learn more about Earth." It contains a central pavilion and 4 other pavilions representing each of the main areas of the Earth. It also included a TV option where the player can use Gotchi Points to shop on the Shopping Channel, find a mate with the Dating Show, or go travelling on the Travelling Show which replaces the pause function of previous generations. There is a design flaw with the v5 which prevents it from properly connecting to the other Tamagotchis in the series.

Differences from previous versions:
 * Individual Tamagotchis cannot be named. Instead, a family name is selected and individuals are identified by their character type.
 * There is a family bond percentage
 * The Discipline is replaced with a Play option.
 * The Medicine chest is expanded to contain general items as well.

Life stages and games
When raising a family without parents, only the TV Surfing and Tea Time games are available. Having parents unlocks the Golf Putt and Shoe Pairs games. The Tamagotchi Connection v5 also has a v5.5 variant, which brings minimal changes to the generation.
 * Egg
 * Baby
 * Child
 * Teenager
 * Adult
 * Parent (replacing the Senior life stage of previous generations)

Tamagotchi Connection v6 Music Star
The Tamagotchi Connection v6 is the final release in the Connection series and allows the Tamagotchi to become a pop star. As the Tamagotchi ages, it will learn a musical instrument and a band manager will come once the Tamagotchi reaches 5 in-game years of age. Every Tamagotchi Connection v6 includes a guitar pick with a code for Tamatown on it.

Life Stages and Games
The Tamagotchi can play all three music games, Sing A Song, Music Notes and Sound Block from birth. The Tamagotchi has a band from the teenager stage, whose members cannot be named, but the band itself can.
 * Egg
 * Baby
 * Child
 * Teenager
 * Adult
 * Senior

Friendship
The Adoptive Connection Glitter Pad has 6 levels of friendship which is depends on the level, they will fall in love or not. Below is the list of Friendship Levels.
 * Assistant (one smiley face, during connection, they are unlikely to kiss together.)
 * Buddy (two smiley faces, during connection, they may kiss.)
 * Patron (three smiley faces, during connection, they are equally likely to kiss together.)
 * Friend (four smiley faces, during connection, they are equally likely to kiss together and unlikely to have a baby.)
 * Good Friend (two love hearts, during connection they may kiss and equally likely to have a baby.)
 * Best Friend (four love hearts, during connection they will kiss and likely to have babies.)

title: Tamagotchi Connection


text:
Alonzo A. Hinckley

Alonzo Arza Hinckley (April 23, 1870 – December 22, 1936) was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1934 until his death.

Hinckley was born in Cove Fort, Utah Territory, to Ira Hinckley and Angeline Wilcox Noble. He married his wife Rose May Robison in 1892 in the Manti Temple. Hinckley served as an LDS Church missionary in the Netherlands.

On August 11, 1912, during a conference in Millard County, Utah, Hinckley was selected to be president of the newly formed Deseret Stake, which was located in the western half of Millard County, Utah.

Hinckley was ordained an apostle on October 11, 1934, to fill a vacancy in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles created by elevation of David O. McKay to the First Presidency following the death of Anthony W. Ivins.

Hinckley died of stomach cancer on December 22, 1936, in Salt Lake City. He was buried at Salt Lake City Cemetery. He was succeeded in the Quorum of the Twelve by Albert E. Bowen.

Hinckley was the uncle of LDS Church president Gordon B. Hinckley.

title: Alonzo A. Hinckley


text:
Category:Condiments

Condiments, as distinct from sauces, which are separately listed. See also seasoning.

title: Category:Condiments


text:
Velocity factor

The velocity factor (VF), also called wave propagation speed or velocity of propagation (VoP or of a transmission medium is the ratio of the speed at which a wavefront (of an electromagnetic signal, a radio signal, a light pulse in an optical fibre or a change of the electrical voltage on a copper wire) passes through the medium, to the speed of light in vacuum. For optical signals, the velocity factor is the reciprocal of the refractive index.

The speed of radio signals in vacuum, for example, is the speed of light, and so the velocity factor of a radio wave in vacuum is 1.0 (unity). In air, the velocity factor is ~0.9997. In electrical cables, the velocity factor mainly depends on the insulating material (see table below).

The use of the terms velocity of propagation and wave propagation speed to mean a ratio of speeds is confined to the computer networking and cable industries. In a general science and engineering context, these terms would be understood to mean a true speed or velocity in units of distance per time, while velocity factor is used for the ratio.

Typical velocity factors
Velocity factor is an important characteristic of communication media such as category 5 cables and radio transmission lines. Plenum data cable typically has a VF between 0.42 and 0.72 (42% to 72% of the speed of light in vacuum) and riser cable around 0.70 (approximately 210,000,000 m/s or 4.76 ns per metre).

Some typical velocity factors for radio communications cables provided in handbooks and texts are given in the following table:

Electric wave
VF equals the reciprocal of the square root of the dielectric constant (relative permittivity), $$\kappa$$ or $$\epsilon_\mathrm{r}$$, of the material through which the signal passes:

 * $$\mathrm{VF} = { \frac{1}{\sqrt{\kappa}} } \ $$

in the usual case where the relative permeability, $$\mu_\mathrm{r}$$, is 1. In the most general case:

 * $$\mathrm{VF} = { \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_\mathrm{r}\epsilon_\mathrm{r}}} } \ $$

which includes unusual magnetic conducting materials, such as ferrite.

The velocity factor for a lossless transmission line is given by:

 * $$\mathrm{VF} = { \frac{1}{c_\mathrm{0}\sqrt{L'C'}} } \ $$

where $$L'$$ is the distributed inductance (in henries per unit length), $$C'$$ is the capacitance between the two conductors (in farads per unit length), and $$c_\mathrm{0}$$ is the speed of light in vacuum.

Optical wave
VF equals the reciprocal of the refractive index $${n}$$ of the medium, usually optical fiber.

 * $$\mathrm{VF} = { \frac{1}{n} } \ $$

title: Velocity factor


text:
Frito Bandito

The Frito Bandito was the cartoon mascot for Fritos corn chips from 1967 to 1971. The Bandito was created by the Foote, Cone & Belding Agency and animated by Tex Avery. The character was voiced by Mel Blanc, who used an exaggerated Mexican accent not unlike another character of his, Speedy Gonzales. The Frito Bandito spoke broken English and robbed people of their Fritos corn chips, a reference to the "Mexican bandit" stereotype in Western movies.

Pressure from the National Mexican-American Anti-Defamation Committee and others prompted an update to the character; his gold tooth and stubble were eliminated and his hair combed. The character was retired in 1971. He was replaced by the Muncha Bunch, a group of cowboys, and W.C. Fritos, a character modeled after comedian W.C. Fields.

History
The Frito Bandito character was developed by the advertising firm Foote, Cone & Belding and launched by Frito-Lay in 1967. Actor Mel Blanc provided the character's voice, while the animation was directed by Tex Avery at Cascade Studios in California. The character was a stereotypical Mexican Revolutionary with a sombrero, handlebar moustache and thick accent consistent with images of Pancho Villa. He carried two pistols and robbed people of their Fritos corn chips at gunpoint. The Frito Bandito was originally featured in commercials that aired during children's television shows, but due to the character's popularity, Frito-Lay soon began using the Bandito in all print and television advertising.

Frito-Lay was one of several American companies that featured Mexican revolutionaries in its advertising during the late 1960s—others included the Liggett & Myers Tobacco Company, the Elgin Watch Company, and American Motors. In 1968, two Mexican-American advocacy groups were founded in opposition to the use of ethnic stereotypes in advertising: the National Mexican-American Anti-Defamation Committee (NMAADC) in Washington, D.C., and the Involvement of Mexican-Americans in Gainful Endeavors (IMAGE) in San Antonio, Texas. The Mexican-American Anti-Defamation Committee "threatened to file a $610 million defamation lawsuit against the Frito-Lay Corporation, its advertising agency, and the television networks CBS and ABC on behalf of all Mexican Americans" and claimed that the FCC fairness doctrine allowed them a right to "counter-speech" in response to marketing featuring the character. In response from pressure from the groups, Frito-Lay modified the character to appear more friendly. The gold tooth and beard were also removed. Following the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, the Bandito no longer brandished pistols.

Despite the controversy, Frito-Lay stood by the character. The company cited a survey of four cities in California and Texas conducted by Foote, Cone & Belding which found that 85% of Mexican Americans liked the Frito Bandito. In response, IMAGE and NMAADC shifted their protests to local television stations that aired Bandito commercials. In 1969, KPIX and KRON in San Francisco, California and KNBC in Los Angeles became the first stations to ban the character. Groups also lobbied the Federal Communications Commission for free air time to respond to the Frito Bandito under the fairness doctrine.

Frito-Lay introduced a new cartoon mascot in 1969: W.C. Fritos (based on comedian W.C. Fields). By July 1970, the company had stopped airing Bandito commercials in the states of California, Oregon and Washington, replacing them with ads featuring a group of cartoon Euro-American cowboy outlaws known as Muncha Buncha. Frito-Lay ended the Frito Bandito campaign in 1971.

Jingle
The Frito Bandito campaign included a song sung to the tune of the traditional Mexican song "Cielito Lindo" in sing-along-style:

title: Frito Bandito


text:
Muriel Newman

Muriel Newman (born 6 April 1950) is a former New Zealand politician for the ACT New Zealand party. She was a member of the New Zealand Parliament from 1996 until 2005, when she was not re-elected.

Early years
Newman was born in northern England. She arrived in New Zealand at the age of eight and was raised in Whangārei. She gained a BSc in mathematics from the University of Auckland, and then a Ph.D. in mathematics education from Rutgers University in the United States. After working in the education sector for twenty years, she entered the business world with Michael Hill International, eventually becoming the deputy general manager of the New Zealand operation before being elected to Parliament. She has been a president of the Northland Chamber of Commerce, a member of the Northland Health Board, and member of the Northland Conservation Board.

She is married to Frank Newman, an accountant and former member of the Whangarei District Council.

Member of Parliament
Newman was a founding member of the ACT New Zealand party. She was one of its candidates in the 1996 general election, the first election the party contested, and was elected to Parliament as one of ACT's eight list MPs. She was re-elected in 1999 and 2002 and was party whip.

In 2004, when Richard Prebble stepped down as ACT's leader, Newman stood as a candidate to succeed him; she lost to Rodney Hide, but emerged with the role of deputy leader. She was placed third on ACT's party list in the 2005 election, but lost her seat in Parliament, as ACT's representation was reduced from nine MPs to only two.

After Parliament
After leaving Parliament in 2005, Newman established the New Zealand Centre for Political Debate (since renamed the New Zealand Centre for Political Research), an independent public policy think tank.

title: Muriel Newman


text:
Anthony W. Ivins

Anthony Woodward Ivins (September 16, 1852 – September 23, 1934) was an apostle of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and was a member of the church's First Presidency from 1921 until his death.

Early life and family
Ivins was born in Toms River, New Jersey. When Ivins was still an infant, his parents migrated to Utah Territory. In 1861 they moved in St. George, Utah, as part of the original settling party for that city.

Ivins was a cousin of Heber J. Grant: Ivins's mother and Grant's mother were sisters, surnamed Ivins, and were distant cousins of Ivins's father. In 1878, Ivins married Elizabeth A. Snow, a daughter of Erastus Snow, an apostle; they had nine children. His son Antoine R. Ivins also served as a general authority of the LDS Church.

Politics and public service
On his return to St. George from an 1877 mission, Ivins was appointed a constable. He later served on the St. George city council and as a prosecuting attorney for Washington County, Utah. He served as mayor of St. George in the early 1890s and later in the House of Representatives of the territorial legislature. Under his administration the city built a canal to St. George.

After a mission to Mexico City, Ivins served as Mohave County Assessor, as special Indian Agent for the Shivwits band of Southern Paiutes, and as a delegate to the 1895 Utah State Constitutional Convention.

Ivins was an avid member of the Democratic Party.

Church service
In 1875, Ivins was part of an exploratory mission that found many sites in New Mexico and Arizona which were later colonized by the Mormons. In 1877, he served a mission to New Mexico, where he focused much of his attention on the Native Americans, but also preached to people of Mexican descent.

In the years immediately after his marriage, he served as a member of the stake high council in St. George. In 1882, Ivins was called on a mission to Mexico City, where he served for about the next two years. He served as the first stake president in Colonia Juárez, Chihuahua; the Juárez Stake was the first stake in Mexico. Ivins served in this position until his call to the Quorum of the Twelve in 1907.

Ivins was ordained an apostle and joined the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles on October 6, 1907, after the death of George Teasdale. From 1918 to 1921, Ivins was the superintendent of the Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association. In 1921, Ivins was called as second counselor to Heber J. Grant in the First Presidency, and was replaced in the Quorum of the Twelve by Alonzo A. Hinckley. In 1925, Ivins became the first counselor to Grant in the First Presidency, and he served in this position until his death.

Death
Ivins died in Salt Lake City of a coronary occlusion. He was buried at Salt Lake City Cemetery.

Honors
The small city of Ivins, Utah, is named after him. Ivins Mountain, located in Zion National Park, was named after him in 1935. In 1958, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum for his contributions to the cattle industry.

title: Anthony W. Ivins


text:
User talk:Dastoad

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:Dastoad