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Talk:Hōryū-ji

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Copy and paste move
This article had been created by "copy&paste" not "move". Will some Sysops please join(concat) this Horyu-ji's history to another "Horyuji temple"'s? Wandering perfect fool 22:01, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Expansion
I was surprised to find this article so short. With the right attention and effort, this could become a much longer article, with complex descriptions of the origins/history of the temple, the architecture of its buildings, and some examples (or links to articles on) of its art. I regret that I have not the time, sources, nor expertise to contribute much myself, but I just thought it might be pointed out. LordAmeth 03:43, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

This is not a Paekche article
Please define what is Chinese architechture??. During that period of time did Chinese architecture exist?? Horyu-ji temple architecture is very Korean. Korean cultural essence does previal in Horyu-ji temple like it or not. During that period of time. Kudara ( Paekje Kingdom) had tremendous cultural impact on island of Japan. Lets accept the Historical truth and reality. Lets stop relating everything to Chinese culture. Chinese didn't invent or build the world. Korean Kingdoms also had civilization and culture just as much as Chinese can claim. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Koreankudarakansai (talk • contribs) 14:03, 21 February 2008 (UTC)

Hasn't Paekche learned this sort of architechture from China? Hōryū-ji temple is an example of Buddhist temples common in east Asia in those days. It only sounds like boasting; the effort of the Japanese people must be respected. I believe "The Japanese have taught how to make cars or semiconductors." is inappropriate for a Korean economic article because of the same reason.

 * Paekche artisans, craftsmen, and monks supplied the technical expertise to create the building

I can' t accept this because of its weak sources.

 * 1. The technical sophistication is generally attributed to Baekje's influence, which sent to Japan a number of skilled craftsmen, monks, and designers that assisted the Yamato Court.

This sentence is not enough claim that Paekche architects have built Hōryū-ji. Besides, Paekche has falled (660) before Hōryū-ji was rebuilt in the end of the 7C to the beginning of the 8C. It is true that the first Buddhist temple Hōkō-ji(Asuka-dera, end of 6C to the beginning of the 7C) was built by Paekche's craftsmen (Nihonshoki, 588) Hōkō-ji, however Hōryū-ji is a 100 years later; it would be natural that the Japanese people have learned to built temples by themselves (consider the economic development and R&D of Japan in the recent 60 years), how is it proved the Japanese never contributed in building Hōryū-ji? To me it sounds like a biased claim; "The Japanese must not have possessed the ability ", however the Japanese are not the kind of people who would learn nothing for a century.

 * 2. The layout and function of the buildings are also similar to those of Baekje

The layout of the Pagoda and Golden hall are different from temples of Paekche; Hōryū-ji is not a symmetric layout, Golden hall at the east, Pagoda at the west, on the other hand Paekche temples have placed Pagoda at the south, Golden hall at the north, symmetrically. Hōryū-ji type layout

 * 3. The sculptures of Paekje are also found now in the Horyuji Temple in’ Nara, Japan.

Finally the Kudara(Paekche) Kannon sculpture is generally said to be made in Japan because it is made from a native camphor tree and no expamples of Paekche sculpture using the same kind of wood exists. Kudara(Paekche) Kannon is only a nickname based on a story in the Edo period which claims it was made in India and came from Paekche.No.95 The Kudara Kannon, How to enjoy the masterpieces of Japanese Art, Tanaka HidemichiNobu Sho 16:38, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

 * To make this article better, it should include all information available, agree or diagree? "Horyu-ji temple is an example of Buddhist temple common in east Asia in those days".  I don't understand your point.  Does that mean Paekche architechts don't matter that they built it?  The fact that paekche architechts built it is important because the native people of the archipelago didn't.  It's an example of transmission of culture and technology and its a part of the history of Horyu ji.  Just because the ultimate source of technology is from the area now known as modern day China does not mitigate the fact that

Korean expertise was also involved.

 * It is like you are arguing that parts of American Architechture should give credit to Ancient Greeks but should omit the Romans because they weren't the ultimate source of the architechture.

 * Wikipedia wants verifiable information. If you search "horyu ji" and "paekche" you will find several sites that can verify this information.  If you have a problem, you should find counter arguments and cite them.  At least then both sides of the story can be told instead of just deleting things..

 * There is evidence of Paekche's craftsmen building Horyu ji. I cited some sources.  If you would like to make the argument that it was solely a product of the native population on the archipelago, again please cite.  If youre assertion of the layout of the Pagoda and Golden Hall are different, again please cite.  and Again, if you think the kudara kannon sculpture is based on your edo theory, please cite.  information like that helps the horyu ji article, and does not hurt it.  additionally, the mere fact that no "examples of paekche sculpture using the same kind wood exist", I don't understand how that means that that is conclusive proof of no actual link to paekche.  http://www.marymount.k12.ny.us/marynet/TeacherResources/SILK%20Road/html/sillajapan.htm  you can see a maitreya buddha from korea and japan, one is made of wood, the other bronze.  different materials doesn't suggest much but the similiarities of style do.

 * Finally, what was the point of deleting the last link if it made the information more verifable?

 * I will fix the article hope you understand what im taking about (71.56.119.151)

i can't read sources in japanese.. it is encouraged that you provide sources that are verifable as per wikipedia english.

also, you misunderstand my position. if the paekche helped build the first horyu ji. and then it was rebuilt by the japanese, it still is based on the original baekche design.

your second point, i find it ironic that you cite a source that you earlier claimed was weak.. which is it?

finally, again, just b/c there is no example of paekche sculpture in a specific tree does not mean anything if the statute itself has discernable styles of korean art.

Neutrality?
Come on guys. Whether or not the article validates significant sections referring to Korea (Paekche) is not an issue of neutrality. It's an issue of.. what the focus of the article is, and whether or not this information on Korean architecture is valuable (useful, relevant) enough. LordAmeth 23:36, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the comments, LordAmeth. I am just trying to show a theory on its construction.. I hope it came off as just that.  Any suggestions on how to make this article better?  thanks, 71.56.97.26

I`m with Lord Ameth come on this is a storm in a tea cup and erodes the meaning of the neutrality warning mark. If the mark is overused then it may eventually hold little meaning for anyone because every article has one on it 01:25, 31 March 2006 (UTC)

In the text book Arts and Culture(ISBN 0-13-189915-5), Janetta Rebold Benton and Robert DiYanni detail how Chinese culture profoundly influenced early the Japanese culture.

The main contributor to this article states that the Paecke were Chinese in culture; they migrated to the Korean peninsula. It is a fact that Buddhism did come to Japan from the Chinese mainland. The Horyuji in Nara Prefecture was constructed as a Buddhist temple, shortly after Buddhist expression came to Japan. How did Buddhist expression come to Japan?

Hata Kawakatsu
I've heard and read many times that it was designed by Hata Kawakatsu, so I'm not sure why it isn't on the page, is it not confirmed? Kansaikiwi 04:39, 23 October 2006 (UTC)

Updates and rephrasing on the way
I am carrying out some edits on this article including additional findings throuhg the most recent excavations and studies for the last 10 years or so. Some rephrasing are also being applied. Some citations are not anymore retrievable on the net; whenever this is the case, and the existing text has some contradiction to the common understandings, I will relocate some text to this talk page. --OhMyDeer 12:30, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

 * removed It is a testament of the respect of the prince that a rival family, the Soga, permitted the reconstruction of a temple for a rival and powerless family.
 * I was not able to verify what "nuance" the cited material had by saying the Soga "permitted" the reconstruction, but by Soga no Umako being wiped in the Taika Reform in 645, and the reconstruction achieved over decades, roughly 670-710, the sentence is likely not an indispensable one. --OhMyDeer 12:35, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

 * removed: Because the temple builders wanted to honor both statues equally, the kondo and pagoda were set next to each other creating a unique arrangement.

 * The latter half of the sentence is already described in the first sentence of the paragraph, while the first part is, a pretty unique interpretation --- there are many that cites the reason of such layout is unknown. --OhMyDeer 14:43, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

 * removed "using the construction firm Kongō Gumi"

 * The founder is said (by the now liquidated company itself) to have been one of the members that arrived in Japan in 577, later to be sent to Osaka, where Shitennō-ji temple was built. While it is generally accepted that the 577 Baekje origin members had contributed to the construction of the Shitennō-ji, there is no third party evidence that ties them to the modern

Kongō Gumi company. When it comes to the relationship to Hōryu-ji, there are even less clue. There is no record kept by the temple as to who worked in the initial construction; besides, there are other missions, emissary or group of people recorded to have arrived in Japan from Baekje, including again carpenters and craftsen. From the modern Kongō Gumi corporation point of view, they were careful enough to mention (in their homepage) only that one of the two compatriots, arriving in Japan at the same time as their founder did, could have joined the construction force of Hōryū-ji, but without going as far as to say it was a member of theier Group. It should be also noted that, in the Guiness record standards, the Kongō Gumi company was not able to prove their contigousness of business from the 6th century, due to lack of evidence required. Nevertheless, obviously there was at least one media that said straight it was the company who constructed Hōryū-ji. --OhMyDeer 14:12, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

Edit note "Fire controversy"

 * updated Fire controversy: Although, the majority consensus view is that the current temple is a reconstruction from the fire of 670, there is still a debate as to whether the fire actually occurred. Proponents of the theory that there was no fire point out the absence of proof of a fire based on soil samples of the temple complex, the fact that the temple measurements were based on the Goguryeo shaku instead of the Tang shaku, and the archaic style of the temple that is incongruent with architectural styles of the early eighth century.  Not retrievable as of April 3rd, 2007 through the URL originally cited URL. Proponents of the fire theory point out that the Nihon Shoki states that there was a massive fire in 670 in which not a single building was left standing; the biography of Prince Shotoku states that there was a temple fire in 610.  The excavations that uncovered the older temple site is accepted as conclusive proof that there was an original temple that burned down and that the current temple was a reconstruction.

 * The section above is updated and renamed "Reconstruction controversy." In fact the main controversy was over whether the temple was a reconstruction or not, and the proponents of reconstruction theory were the supporters of the fire incident as well. While the reconstruction is accepted, there are still some doubts as to if there was a fire really or not, as "there was no fire point out the absence of proof of a fire based on soil samples of the temple complex". --OhMyDeer 13:32, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

National Treasure temple
The sentence  In 1993, Hōryū-ji was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the Japanese government lists it as a National Treasure. in the intro needs to be rephrased. There is no such thing as a "National Treasure temple"! The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology designates separate structures/buildings, sculptures, paintings and so on as National Treasure. In Hōryū-ji, there are 19 structural National Treasures and 17 sculpture-National Treasures (total number of National Treasure statues is much higher since some of them are groups of statues). To see what is included have a look at List of National Treasures of Japan (sculptures) and List of National Treasures of Japan (temples). These numbers (17, 19) are quite impressive and possibly the highest concentration of NT-sculptures/structures in Japan, so it is worth mentioning. There might also be National Treasures of the crafts category (boxes, mirrors, swords,...) at Hōryū-ji, for which there is no list yet on the English wikipedia. bamse (talk) 16:12, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

File:HoryujiYumedono0363edit4.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:HoryujiYumedono0363edit4.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on April 5, 2011. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2011-04-05. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page so Wikipedia doesn't look bad. :) Thanks!  howcheng  {chat} 20:16, 4 April 2011 (UTC)

Broken citations
There are several malformatted citations, two of which are completely broken. The references are in Japanese, a language I once studied but have largely forgotten. I'd rather leave the tampering with such links to people who know Japanese well — could somebody please have a look? David Cannon (talk) 14:18, 8 November 2015 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Hōryū-ji


text: Talk:Hikaru no Go

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Prospect Park, Minneapolis

Prospect Park is a historic neighborhood within the University community of the U.S. city of Minneapolis, Minnesota. The area is bounded by the Mississippi River to the south, the City of Saint Paul, Minnesota to the east, the Burlington Northern railroad yard to the north, and the Stadium Village commercial district of the University of Minnesota to the west. The neighborhood is composed of several districts which include the East River Road area. The 1913 Prospect Park Water Tower is a landmark and neighborhood icon.

An urban village once served by streetcar, Prospect Park is now a combination of multiple districts and uses. People live in single-family homes on Tower Hill, as well as apartment housing in the western districts. Estate homes of the early to mid 20th century line East River Road. University Avenue houses a mix of retail and restaurant businesses from the Stadium Village area.

The entire 138 acre core of the neighborhood was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015 as the Prospect Park Residential Historic District for its significance in the theme of social history. It was nominated for its cohesive community spirit, developed—despite the neighborhood's hilly terrain and diverse housing stock—through such innovations as Minneapolis's first community association.

History
In 1874 real estate tycoon Louis F. Menage began plotting new subdivisions along Minneapolis's southern boundaries. Menage petitioned the City Council to accept his Prospect Park plats in 1884. Construction lasted into the 1910s as topography and geographic isolation made building difficult. Houses were designed in the popular architectural styles of the period, especially the Queen Anne and the Colonial Revival styles. The Minneapolis Board of Education constructed the Sidney Pratt Elementary School in 1898.

Thomas Lowry's interurban commuter train served the neighborhood with its stop at Malcolm Avenue until eventually the intercity line between Saint Paul and Minneapolis along University Avenue was opened. The Franklin Avenue Bridge also eventually carried a line.

1909 Racial Conflict

“Race War Started in Prospect Park.” Minneapolis Star Tribune, October 22, 1909. In 1908, a black couple, Madison and Amy Woods Jackson moved into their new brick home in Minneapolis’s Prospect Park neighborhood. They had three young daughters: Marvel, Helen and Zelma.

At the advice of his friend and fellow Pullman Porter Madison Jackson, William H. Simpson had decided to establish a home in the same middle-class neighborhood. Both Jackson and Simpson were African American. Neighbors grumbled when Jackson had moved his family into the all white neighborhood.

On October 21, 1909, a crowd of over one hundred residents marched to the Jackson residence, where Simpson was staying to oversee the construction of his new house. There, they delivered an unequivocal message to Simpson: Members of his race were not welcome in Prospect Park.

Tower Hill
Tower Hill (established 1906), which is the site of the Prospect Park Water Tower, is often cited as the city's highest point and a placard denotes the highest elevation at 951 ft, but a spot at 974 ft in or near Deming Heights Park in Northeast Minneapolis is corroborated by Google Earth as the highest ground. The Tower, designed by Frederick William Cappelen, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

SEMI District
The SouthEast Industrial Area (SEMI) in the north contains light manufacturing, rail yards and remnant grain silos. Many plans for redeveloping the land have been created, including proposals from the nearby University of Minnesota. Starting in the early 2000s, Wall Companies purchased land in the surrounding SEMI District with plans of creating a technology and research campus, with the goal of attracting businesses that wanted proximity to the University of Minnesota. After failing to bring this idea to fruition, a different proposal to create a food hall out of the neighboring Harris Machinery Building, taking advantage of the nearby Green Line and U of M Transitway was implemented. The food hall, named Malcom Yards, was opened to the public in August 2021.

A prominent structure in the SEMI is the ADM-Delmer #4 grain elevator locally known for its United Crushers graffiti on its side. It was originally constructed as a part of the ADM-Delmer facility, named after its owner the Archer-Daniels-Miller company, which started construction in 1925 and ended in 1931. The site was made up of 4 grain elevators. After its abandonment, elevators #2 and #3 where demolished. During the early 2000's, the local graffiti crew United Crushers tagged the southern wall of the elevator.

Demographics
The neighborhood is demographically diverse. Tower Hill extending south to the river contains families and retired empty-nesters. The Glendale Housing project southeast of 27th Avenue SE and University Avenue SE contains 700 families with the average household income slightly above $9,000 and 32% of residents living at or below the poverty level. On the former industrial areas of the west and north are newer student housing apartment buildings for both undergraduate and graduate students.

Race

 * White 52.4%
 * Black 11.0%
 * American Indian and Alaska Native 0.3%
 * Asian 27.0%
 * Other 0.4%
 * Two or more 4.6%

Ethnicity

 * Not hispanic or Latino 96.6%
 * Hispanic or Latino 4.4%

Government
Prospect Park is entirely within Minneapolis's Ward 2, currently represented by Robin Wonsley on the Minneapolis City Council. The neighborhood association, PPERRIA, founded in 1901, is the oldest neighborhood association in the city of Minneapolis.

Arts and culture
The neighborhood has an annual "Ice Cream Social," a get-together for the neighborhood with food, music and other entertainment. It is the one time of year when the interior of the Prospect Park Water Tower is opened to the public, allowing for a panoramic view of Minneapolis from the top.

Near the south end of the neighborhood on Bedford Street is the Malcolm Willey House, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and named after a University administrator. The historic significance of the house played a large part in preventing its destruction when Interstate 94 was built in the 1950s. The current goal of the neighborhood is to establish an "urban-village" feel — that is, a somewhat self-contained feel in the context of a larger city. Prospect Park also has a few surviving houses from the 19th century.

The neighborhood is home to two community centers, Pratt Elementary School and Luxton Park.

title: Prospect Park, Minneapolis


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Talk:Hypertensive emergency

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incorrect redirection
Malignant hypertension is a rare complication of inhalational anesthetics. It is a completely separate pathology and should not redirect here. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.234.191.99 (talk) 02:55, 4 September 2013 (UTC)

more
more a stage o f hypertension than a complication I think. Unsigned by anon

 * Yes, but it is a seperate disease entity, as most hypertension patients never get malignant HT. Also, a hypertensive crisis (as in scleroderma) gives symptoms, while a slowly rising BP is generally well tolerated. Please edit the article if you feel the language is unclear. JFW | T@lk  22:35, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Plagirism
This wikipedia article has blatantly plagirized the Emedicine Malignant Hypertension article authored by John D Bisognano, MD.

The following are exact quotes (including order and punctuation) from the Wikipedia article that appear in the eMedicine article:

The Entire HISTORY section

''The most common presentations of hypertensive emergencies at an emergency department are chest pain (27%), dyspnea (22%), and neurologic deficit (21%). The primary cardiac symptoms are angina, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary edema. Orthostatic symptoms may be prominent. Neurologic presentations are occipital headache, cerebral infarction or hemorrhage, visual disturbance, or hypertensive encephalopathy (a symptom complex of severe hypertension, headache, vomiting, visual disturbance, mental status changes, seizure, and retinopathy with papilledema). Medications or drugs that may cause a hypertensive emergency include cocaine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and oral contraceptives; the withdrawal of beta-blockers, alpha-stimulants (such as clonidine), or alcohol also may cause hypertensive emergency. Renal disease may present as oliguria (renal failure) or any of the typical features of renal failure. Gastrointestinal symptoms are nausea and vomiting.''

Most of the PHYSICAL section

''Blood pressure must be checked in both arms to screen for aortic dissection or coarctation. If coarctation is suspected, blood pressure also should be measured in the legs. Screen for carotid or renal bruits''

Volume status must be assessed, with orthostatic vital signs, examination of jugular veins, assessment of liver size, and investigation for peripheral edema and pulmonary rales.

''Renal function should be evaluated through a urinalysis, complete chemistry profile, and complete blood count. Expected findings include elevated BUN and creatinine, hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia or hypokalemia, glucose abnormalities, acidosis, hypernatremia, and evidence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Urinalysis may reveal proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, and RBC or hyaline casts. In patients with hyperaldosteronism (a secondary cause of hypertension), aldosterone promotes renal potassium wasting, resulting in low serum potassium. The chest radiograph is useful for assessment of cardiac enlargement, pulmonary edema, or involvement of other thoracic structures, such as rib notching with aortic coarctation or a widened mediastinum with aortic dissection. Other tests, such as head CT scan, transesophageal echocardiogram, and renal angiography, are indicated only as directed by the initial workup. The ECG is necessary to screen for ischemia, infarct, or evidence of electrolyte abnormalities or drug overdose.''

I could go on and on.

 * If you are concerned about this please follow the procedure on copyright violations. JFW | T@lk  04:06, 17 March 2006 (UTC)

Contradicts sodium nitroprusside
The sodium nitroprusside article says it should be given for malignant hypertension, this page says no.  RogueNinja talk  22:39, 27 February 2008 (UTC)

Copyright?
This article is empty except for the Copyright template. Should it not be removed, then? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.66.51.170 (talk) 10:46, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

 * No the page was blanked for copyright violations. RogueNinja talk  18:01, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I have reverted to a non copyvio version. Jeepday (talk) 04:49, 30 March 2008 (UTC)

Table
Hi all, I created this table from the JNC7 guidelines published in JAMA. But for some reason it will only display at the bottom of the page. If someone could help put it under definition I would appreciate it! AStudent (talk) 15:07, 3 June 2011 (UTC)

Merger proposal

 * Adrenergic storm is a great article, but it's a duplicate of the article that was already in existence here. That content should be copied and merged with this article. Chaldor (talk) 21:21, 9 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I disagree that they should be merged, on the basis that adrenergic storms have a distinct etiology, and can often present with symptoms of hypertension absent or minor -- which is the definition of hypertensive crisis. It's true in most cases the conditions are similiar, but there is enough difference to warrant separate articles. Also, adrenergic storms have a different etiology than hypertensive crises in general, though specific cases may be the same in cause. So, my vote is against merging, obviously. Mr0t1633 (talk) 06:29, 18 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Disagree as well.--Nikbro (talk) 23:31, 15 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Adrenergic storm is one aeitology of a hypertensive crisis like the previous person has said. However, we can create an aetiology section in hypertensive crisis underwhich the relevant bits and bobs of adrenergic storm can reside. What do you think of that? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.140.74.98 (talk) 21:42, 26 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Disagree with merger, with qualifications. Although these are similar in some ways, treatment of cocaine overdose is different from treatment of typical hypertensive emergencies not related to cocaine. Some of the drugs for hypertensive emergency can actually cause problems with cocaine OD patients. If these ar merged, there should be clear distinction between ordinary hypertensive emergencies and problems related to specific etiologies. While adrenergic storm appears to be a subtype of hypertensive emergency, some of the problems requiring use of sedatives are clearly different in treatment and cause from the usual hypertensive emergency.DBMon (talk) 18:21, 12 June 2009 (UTC)
 * Strong Disagree While a Pheochromocytoma (a rare adrenal gland tumor) might cause excess catecholamine release provoking a hypertensive crisis, it should remain a separate article. A mention here would suffice.  See also Pheochromocytoma - MayoClinic.com
 * "Although high blood pressure is a common sign of a pheochromocytoma, most people with high blood pressure don't have a pheochromocytoma." --MornMore (talk) 22:37, 10 January 2010 (UTC)

Should Hypertensive Crisis be 2 categories?
I am not an expert but various sites I read are dividing Hypertensive crisis into 2 categories Hypertensive Urgency (asymptomatic) and Hypertensive Emergency (symptomatic). Geo8rge (talk) 17:07, 15 September 2011 (UTC)

Malignant Hypertension
Should we consider including malignant hypertension on the chart of hypertension classifications? Ian Glenn (talk) 23:46, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

2011 Review article
-- Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 12:45, 25 November 2011 (UTC)

Incorrect
No a hypertensive crisis is when the diastolic is over 110. Where is your evidence to prove otherwise? 67.161.207.32 (talk) 08:59, 21 June 2012 (UTC)

Personal anecdote
My mother went to the hospital on more than one occasion thinking that she had heart attack. Dad would come home and tell us that she didn't have a heart attack but only very high blood pressure, and the doctors were working to bring it down.

When I was around 45 and very healthy, I experienced chest pains. At that time, the cardiologists sent me through a range of tests, including the nuclear treadmill, and concluded they did not know the cause of the chest pains. My personal internist determined that the cause was high blood pressure, in the 150s, and said it was important to bring the BP down to the 120s. He prescribed Metoprolol and Lisinopril, which worked very well for several years in both eliminating the chest pains and keeping the blood pressure low.

Last year, my blood pressure was rising again. Being out of the country, I doubled my dosage of Metoprolol from 25 mg to 50 mg and that brought the BP down but not significantly. When I returned to the U.S. My internist lowered my Metoprolol to 25 mg. Not long afterwards, I had a severe attack of chest pains accompanied by tachycardia, severe dizziness, imbalance, headache, cramps, and slurred speech. I went to the hospital and the doctors said the chest pains were caused by my low heart rate (in the low 40s) and took me off Metoprolol and sent me home. I had explained to them that my low pulse was very normal for me being a runner, and also old (almost 80). I continued to have chest pains, which gradually decreased as we experimented with new drugs, (e.g., Imdur, Amlodipine, Spironolactone, and Losartan).

My BP finally stabilized at 120/60 with a pulse rate of 42 with no chest pains, taking 40 mg of Lisinopril, 10 mg Amlodipine, 25-37.5 HTC-Triamterene, and 30 mg Isosorbide.

It seems to me that "malignant hypertension" is a better expression for the chronic condition of those those, like me and other members of my family, who experience chest pains, tachycardia and the other symptoms whenever their blood pressure goes up. Bdubay (talk) 04:52, 18 April 2015 (UTC)

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WikiProject Medicine
Hello,

I will be editing this page to remove outdated material, fix plagiarism concerns, and expanding on the topics listed under hypertensive emergency. Should you have any concerns, please let me know via this talk topic. My main concern is the citations, as many are not meta-analyses or systematic reviews. There are also many outdated resources that will need to be removed.

In terms of specifics, I will expand upon the updated use of the term hypertensive emergency vs malignant hypertension (not to be confused with malignant hyperthermia, as a previous user mentioned). I will discuss hypertensive emergency in the adult and pediatric populations, causes of each, and treatment modalities. I will elaborate the JNC8 classification system of hypertension.

My goal will be to upgrade this paper to a B quality. Thank you.

-rlenoci — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rlenoci (talk • contribs) 14:59, 10 January 2019 (UTC)

WikiProject Medicine Peer Review
Hi Robert,

You did an excellent job with this article and I can see were very thorough with you breakdown of what needed to be done. From what I can see you were able to accomplish all of your major goals for this article and I definitely see the you made it better for all future readers. The use of Tintinalli's emergency medicine book for some of your sources was excellent as that reference text is widely used and held in high esteem in Emergency Medicine communities. While you only had a month to work on this article you were able to accomplish a ton. I've found a couple of suggestions that I will detail in the next line. Some of them could be used for the next editor to work on and some could possibly be done by you if desired.

-In the signs and symptoms section, there are a couple of links that are close to full statements. I thought this felt kind of odd as typically links tend to be one to two words. For example, at one point the article creates a long link for the phrase, "sensation of the world spinning around them" and links it to vertigo. I feel that it might be more intuitive to just put the word vertigo with the link to the Vertigo wiki page. Again, this is something small that might add to the quality of the article.

-In the 2nd paragraph of the pathology section, there are some percentages given but there is no source that comes at the end of the set of facts. There is another source cited earlier in the paragraph but not after the 2 facts that were presented afterwards. Just for clarification where those specific percentages came from it would be nice to either have the same source listed at the end of the paragraph or to track down a systematic review and meta-analysis that could give you some updated numbers or confirm the ones already listed.

-In the See Also section, I think it couldn't hurt to have some type of link to blood pressure control pages and other things for those who may stumble onto the page because they had a medical incident. For example, links to the wiki pages for Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Management, Pre-Hypertension etc.

The things I listed are rather minor and I think you overall did a great job. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jlee ED (talk • contribs) 19:19, 30 January 2019 (UTC)

European consensus
10.1093/ehjcvp/pvy032 JFW | T@lk  16:21, 3 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hypertensive emergency


text:
Vulcan statue

The Vulcan statue is the largest cast iron statue in the world, and is the city symbol of Birmingham, Alabama, United States, reflecting its roots in the iron and steel industry. The 56 ft tall statue depicts the Roman god Vulcan, god of the fire and forge, with ironworking equipment. It was created as Birmingham's entry for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904 World's Fair) in St. Louis, Missouri. While it is the world's largest made of iron, it is also among the nation's tallest statues of any kind.

Construction
Commissioned by the Commercial Club of Birmingham, Italian-born sculptor Giuseppe Moretti began designing the monumental figure in 1903, using a 6 ft tall model to study the form. He next sculpted a clay master model in an unfinished church in Passaic, New Jersey, and this was then divided into sections and transported by railroad to the Birmingham Steel and Iron Company for the preparation of casting molds for the iron.

Moretti received an artist's fee of $6,000, which would be about $ in dollars. The Commercial Club of Birmingham held art shows, concerts, baseball games, and many more activities to raise the estimated $15,000 ($ in dollars) it would cost to build and transport the statue. It is also noted that pot metal statuettes of Vulcan were sold at both the St. Louis World's Fair and in Birmingham, Alabama for two dollars apiece to help in the accumulated costs it took to create the statue.

The Vulcan statue consists of 29 cast-iron components with connecting flanges that are bolted together internally. The heaviest section is his whole head, which weighs 11000 lb. Iron forgemen designed and executed the connection details for the statue, which originally had no internal framework and was self-supporting. The grey iron castings were made in Birmingham entirely from locally produced iron.

The completed weight of the god Vulcan's figure alone is 100000 lb. When Vulcan's anvil, block, hammer, and spearpoint are added, the statue weighs a total of 120000 lb and it stands on a 123 ft pedestal. The statue has a chest circumference of 22 ft and a waist circumference of 18 ft.

1904 World's Fair
The statue was shipped to St. Louis as Birmingham's entry into the 1904 World's Fair. Vulcan dramatically demonstrated the mineral riches and manufacturing capabilities of the Birmingham area while on display in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition's "Palace of Mines and Metallurgy". It was awarded a "Grand Prize".

When the 1904 World's Fair ended, the Vulcan statue was dismantled and returned to its home city of Birmingham, only to be left in pieces alongside the railroad tracks due to unpaid freight bills.

Alabama State Fairgrounds
The Vulcan statue was eventually re-erected at the Alabama State Fairgrounds, but the statue's arms were installed incorrectly, and the god was without his spear, which had been lost on the way from St. Louis.

With nothing to hold in its hands, Vulcan soon became an advertising figure. Over the years, Vulcan held an ice cream cone, a Coca-Cola bottle, and even Heinz pickles. In the late 1920s, the statue was disassembled for inspection. During this time, children would often play around the disassembled statue. It was painted a flesh color and was reassembled in the early 1930s.

Atop Red Mountain
It was not until 1936 that the statue found a suitable home, thanks to the Works Progress Administration, which partially funded a new park in the city at the top of Red Mountain. A 126 ft pedestal was built of local sandstone, and Vulcan was hoisted into place. A new spear was fabricated to be held high in his right hand while his left hand held a hammer at his side. Vulcan was repainted in an aluminum like finish. The statue's naked buttocks have been a source of humor for many years. A novelty song, "Moon Over Homewood," refers to the fact that the statue "moons" the neighboring suburb of Homewood, Alabama.

A nine-day festival commenced on May 7, 1939 to dedicate Vulcan Park. Evelyn Tully was crowned the Vulcan Queen. Guests of honor included the foundrymen who originally cast Vulcan. A crowd of 5,000 was present for the opening night of the festival.

In 1938 a challenge was sent out to hundreds of engineers and architects throughout the Southeast to design the base and park area. There were hundreds of submissions but a little known draftsman by the name of Carl Franklin Edins from Birmingham, Alabama was unanimously declared the winner.

To take full advantage of Vulcan's position overlooking Birmingham, the city's Junior Chamber of Commerce in 1946 made the statue into a symbol for road safety. His spear was replaced by a neon torch that glowed green, except during the 24 hours following a fatal traffic accident, when it glowed red. The spear was restored after the 1999–2004 restoration.

In 1949, Vulcan got new neighbors, when two television stations, WAFM-TV (now WVTM) and WBRC located their studios and towers on Red Mountain.

Centennial facelift
To celebrate Birmingham's centennial, the area around the statue was given a $1 million facelift in 1971. The original tower was clad in Alabama marble with an elevator and observation deck added. A covered walkway also connected a gift shop and snack bar. Vulcan was repainted a rust red a few years later. Vulcan was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 6, 1976.

Unfortunately, the statue itself had, when originally placed atop the pedestal, been filled up to the chest with concrete and had begun to deteriorate seriously due to different expansion and contraction rates of concrete versus cast iron. By 1990, an engineering study found that the statue was in danger of collapse.

1999–2004 restoration

Vulcan was removed during October and November 1999 in preparations for a $14 million renovation process that saw the park and pedestal restored to its original 1938 appearance. The statue sat in Vulcan Park's parking lot until the fall of 2001, when it was shipped to Robinson Iron to be repaired. The statue itself was thoroughly inspected and repaired, with some parts, including the lost spear point, re-cast. The new and restored pieces were thoroughly coated with a durable paint system, including a light-gray finish coat dubbed "Vulcan Gray" by the specifier.

Meanwhile, in 2002, the 1971 park additions were demolished, and scaffolding went up around Vulcan's tower. Workmen cleaned and repaired the original tower. Vulcan's head and right arm went on display at the Birmingham Museum of Art while the tower was prepared.

Vulcan was re-erected on a steel armature atop his tower during June 2003, restored to its original appearance as intended by Moretti, reoriented to the east. Television stations WVTM and WBRC both provided live webcams of the reinstallation.

Shortly after the statue was reinstalled, the scaffolding came down, and a new observation deck, providing panoramic views of the area, was installed. The museum at the base was rebuilt and a new elevator was installed, but oriented so it would not be easily seen from downtown Birmingham. The original waterfalls were not rebuilt, though the stone walkways leading from the parking lot directly to Vulcan's tower were restored. The statue and park were officially reopened in 2004, celebrating Vulcan's 100th birthday. In 2004, Vulcan Park welcomed more than 100,000 visitors who took in the statue's views of downtown Birmingham.

The restoration project received a National Preservation Honor Award from the National Trust for Historic Preservation in 2006.

Vulcan Park and Museum

Vulcan Park and Museum (VPM) features views of Birmingham, an interactive history museum that examines Vulcan and Birmingham's story, and a 10-acre (4 ha) urban green space. In May 2007, Vulcan Park and Museum was designated an official Birmingham Information Center by the Greater Birmingham Convention and Visitors Bureau and offers information on transportation services, restaurants, events and other cultural offerings in Birmingham.

Vulcan Park and Museum is operated by Vulcan Park Foundation, a non-profit organization with a mission to preserve and promote Vulcan as the symbol for the Birmingham region, to advance knowledge and understanding of Birmingham's history and culture, and to encourage exploration of the region.

title: Vulcan statue


text: User talk:4.41.49.245

title: User talk:4.41.49.245


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T. Coleman Andrews

Thomas Coleman Andrews (February 19, 1899 – October 15, 1983) was an American accountant, state and federal government official, and the States' Rights Party candidate for President of the United States in 1956.

Early and family life
Andrews was born in Richmond, Virginia, to Cheatham William Andrews (a driver who rose to overseer of a livery stable) and his wife (Dora Lee Pittman), although the family also traced its descent from Elizabethan cleric Lancelot Andrewes. He had an older brother, Edgar L. Andrews (1897-1950) and a younger brother, Ramon Washington Andrews (1903–1974). Thomas Coleman Andrews married Rae Wilson Reams (1900–1989), and they had two sons: Thomas Coleman Andrews Jr. and Wilson Pittman Andrews (1929–2012; he would become a U.S. Coast Guard officer and entrepreneur).

Career
After graduating from John Marshall High School in Richmond in 1916, Andrews worked as an office boy at Armour meat packing company in Richmond. He then studied accounting privately, worked with a public accounting firm, F.W. Lafrentz & Company, and was certified as a CPA in 1921. Andrews formed his own public accounting firm in 1922. He went on leave from his firm in 1931 to become the auditor of public accounts for the Commonwealth of Virginia, a position he held until 1933. He then became the accounting member of the Public Utilities Rate Study Commission of Virginia. He also took leave in 1938 to serve as controller and director of finance for his home city, Richmond.

During World War II, as his sons enlisted in the Air Corps and Coast Guard, Andrews served in the office of the Under-Secretary of War as a fiscal director, and in 1942 was assigned to the staff of the Contract Renegotiation Division in the Office of the Undersecretary of the Navy. He joined the United States Marine Corps in 1943, which lent him to the State Department, and so he worked as an accountant in North Africa and then was a staff officer in the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, achieving the rank of major before his retirement.

Andrews then joined the U.S. General Accounting Office and became the first director of its Corporation Audits Division, then returned to private practice in Richmond in 1947. In addition to continuing to work with T. Coleman Andrews & Company (founded in 1922), he founded Bowles, Andrews & Towne (actuaries and pension fund consultants) in 1948) and Andrews and Howell (management engineering consultants) in 1952. He was active in the AICPA, serving as its treasurer (1926–1927), vice president (1948–49), and president (1950–51), and was also a member of its council and executive committees, including the GABF, and received its gold medal award in 1947. He was AICPA's representative to the Second International Congress of Accountants in 1926 and chairman of the Accounting and Auditing Study Group of the Hoover Commission in 1948 and then was chairman of the Virginia Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report.

He accepted an appointment as Commissioner of Internal Revenue in 1953, becoming the first CPA to hold that office. He left the position in 1955, stating his opposition to the income tax. Andrews ran for president as the States' Rights Party candidate in the election of 1956; his running mate was former Congressman Thomas H. Werdel. Andrews won 107,929 votes (0.17% of the vote), running strongest in the state of Virginia (6.16% of the vote ), winning Fayette County, Tennessee and Prince Edward County, Virginia.

While running for office, Andrews was a trustee and visiting lecturer of the University of Virginia's Graduate School of Business Administration (1955–56). In 1965, Andrews retired from his accounting businesses and worked with his sons in organizing a variety of service enterprise firms.

His son Thomas Coleman Andrews Jr. would become a prominent political organizer and segregationist who thrice won election to the Virginia House of Delegates in the 1960s and supported Alabama Governor George C. Wallace for president in 1968.

Death, honors and legacy
Andrews survived his wife by more than a decade before he died in Richmond. During his lifetime, Andrews received honorary legal degrees from the University of Michigan in 1955 and from Grove City College in 1963. He also received an honorary Doctor of Commercial Science from Pace College in 1954 and an honorary Doctor of Science degree from the University of Richmond, as well as the Department of the Treasury's Alexander Hamilton Award (1955).

title: T. Coleman Andrews


text:
John Walker (Virginia politician)

John Walker (February 13, 1744 – December 2, 1809) was a public official from Virginia.

Biography
Walker was born in Virginia, the son of Dr. Thomas Walker. He received private education before attending the College of William and Mary, which he graduated from in 1764. He was a neighbor and classmate at William and Mary of Thomas Jefferson and they remained close friends until the elections of 1804-1805. In 1768, he was elected to the American Society. In 1772, he replaced his father as a representative of the House of Burgesses. He was in the Continental Army, serving in 1777 as an aide-de-camp to General George Washington, holding the rank of colonel. In 1780, he was elected as a delegate to the Continental Congress. He then studied law. When William Grayson died in 1790, Walker was appointed to the United States Senate to serve from March 31 to November 9 of that year, when a successor was elected by the Virginia General Assembly. Thomas Jefferson’s attempted seduction of his wife, which almost led to a duel, and was fodder for the Federalist Press, is discussed in Dumas Malone’s Jefferson the Virginian (Boston, Little Brown and Company, 1948 Appendix III pp 447-451).

Walker owned slaves. He died in 1809.

External links and references
Specific

title: John Walker (Virginia politician)


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Matt Hasselbeck

Matthew Michael Hasselbeck (born September 25, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Boston College Eagles and was selected in the sixth round of the 1998 NFL draft by the Green Bay Packers. After a season on the practice squad and two seasons backing up Brett Favre, he was traded to the Seattle Seahawks in 2001, where he spent the majority of his career. Hasselbeck led Seattle to six playoff appearances, including the franchise’s first Super Bowl appearance during the 2005 season. He was selected to three Pro Bowls in his career. Hasselbeck also played for the Tennessee Titans and Indianapolis Colts. He is a former analyst for ESPN's Sunday NFL Countdown and Monday Night Countdown.

Early years

Hasselbeck is the son of Mary Beth "Betsy" (Rueve) and Don Hasselbeck, a former New England Patriots tight end. Matt and his younger brothers Tim and Nathanael grew up in Norfolk, Massachusetts, and attended Xaverian Brothers High School in Westwood. He was selected as an honorable mention All-American by USA Today as a high school senior.

College career
Hasselbeck attended Boston College near his family's hometown. He played for the Boston College Eagles football team from 1994 through 1997, including two years with his younger brother Tim. Hasselbeck finished his college career as the starting quarterback (a position his brother Tim would later hold with the Eagles). He graduated with a degree in marketing.

Green Bay Packers
Hasselbeck was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the sixth round (187th overall) of the 1998 NFL draft. He joined the team's practice squad in 1998 and was the backup for starting quarterback Brett Favre for the 1999 and 2000 NFL seasons.

Seattle Seahawks
Hasselbeck joined former Packers head coach Mike Holmgren and the Seattle Seahawks on March 2, 2001. The Packers traded him, along with their first draft pick (17th overall), to the Seahawks for their first (10th overall) and third-round draft picks (72nd overall).

In his early years in Seattle, he battled for playing time with Trent Dilfer. However, after a strong finish in 2002, Hasselbeck entered 2003 as the unquestioned starter. Hasselbeck started all 16 games, leading Seattle to a 10–6 record for the first time since 1988 and a Wild Card berth. He also was selected to the Pro Bowl. The 2003 NFC Wild Card Game against the Green Bay Packers went into overtime where, at the overtime coin toss, Hasselbeck famously said "We want the ball and we're going to score!" During the second overtime possession for the Seahawks, Hasselbeck threw an interception to Packers defensive back Al Harris which was returned 52 yards down the sideline for a touchdown. It gave Green Bay a 33–27 overtime victory.

In 2004, Hasselbeck won the 2004 NFL Quarterback Challenge. He also led Seattle to their first NFC West title since conference realignment in 2002.

In 2005, Hasselbeck had one of his most productive career performances, earning the highest passer rating in the NFC, and leading the Seahawks to the playoffs for the third consecutive year while clinching the NFC's top seed. He led the Seahawks to Super Bowl XL, in which they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers, and was the starting quarterback for the NFC in the 2006 Pro Bowl.

Hasselbeck led the Seahawks to a 4–1 record to start the 2006 season before being seriously injured on Week 7. Minnesota Vikings linebacker E. J. Henderson rolled into Hasselbeck's right leg. The result was a second degree MCL sprain, causing Hasselbeck to miss four games. Hasselbeck contended that Henderson could have avoided injuring him. Upon returning he subsequently broke fingers on his non-throwing hand, but continued to lead his team to a 9–7 record and the divisional round of the post-season. The fourth-seeded Seahawks defeated the Dallas Cowboys 21–20 in the wild card round in Seattle, then lost to the top-seeded Chicago Bears in overtime, 27–24.

In 2007, Hasselbeck led his team to its fourth consecutive division title and fifth consecutive playoff appearance. He had 3,966 passing yards, 28 touchdowns (both career highs), 62.6% completion percentage, and a 91.4 passer rating. He threw for 229 yards in a 35–14 NFC wild card victory over the Washington Redskins. The third-seeded Seahawks lost in the divisional round to the NFC's No. 2 seed Green Bay Packers, losing 42–20 in the snow at Lambeau Field despite an early 14–0 lead.

Hasselbeck set career highs in yards, attempts, and touchdown passes in the 2007 season and was elected to his third Pro Bowl.

In 2008, Hasselbeck suffered from a back injury that affected a nerve in his lower back, creating a weakness in his leg that brought on a knee injury. Hasselbeck twisted his back awkwardly in the preseason opener on August 8 at Minnesota and missed the rest of the preseason. His bulging disk was diagnosed and treated with injections and he opened the regular season as the starter, but he hurt his knee after a hit early in the Seahawks' loss to the New York Giants on October 5. He also received a helmet-to-helmet hit against the Arizona Cardinals. These injuries caused Hasselbeck to miss most of the 2008 NFL season.

In the 2009 season opener, things did not start out well for Hasselbeck, who threw two interceptions in the first quarter. After that Hasselbeck dominated the rest of the way, completing 25 of 36 passes for 279 yards and three touchdowns in their 28–0 win over the St. Louis Rams. During Week 2 of the season, Hasselbeck fractured his rib against the San Francisco 49ers and missed the next two games against the Chicago Bears (Week 3) and the Indianapolis Colts (Week 4). During Week 5, playing the Jacksonville Jaguars, Hasselbeck threw four touchdown passes in the Seahawks' second shutout of the season, beating Jacksonville 41–0. In Week 6, Hasselbeck played his career-worst, losing to the Arizona Cardinals 27–3.

During the final week of the season, Hasselbeck won the Seahawks' "Steve Largent Award."

In 2010, the season started off strong for Hasselbeck, leading his team to a 4–2 record and victories over the Chicago Bears and San Diego Chargers. But the degree of Hasselbeck's health would prove to be inconsistent, with injuries leading him to sit out two games during the season, and leading the Seahawks to lose seven of their last ten. Nevertheless, Seattle would make the playoffs with their fifth NFC West division championship.

Seattle became the first team with a losing record to host a playoff game, taking on the defending Super Bowl XLIV champion New Orleans Saints during wild card weekend. Despite being 11 point underdogs, Hasselbeck had one of the most memorable and clutch performances of his career. He threw for 272 yards, four touchdowns (a franchise postseason record) with one interception coming from a tipped ball, and a 113.03 passer rating, leading the Seahawks to victory over the Saints. However, Seattle would go on to lose 35–24 in the divisional playoffs against the Chicago Bears. Hasselbeck still played well, however, with over 250 yards passing and three touchdowns.

Playoff career
Hasselbeck’s 11 postseason starts as a quarterback rank 16th all-time in NFL history, leading the Seahawks to five postseasons in a row under Mike Holmgren at one point.

In 2003, his first playoff appearance, Hasselbeck pronounced, "we want the ball and we're going to score" at the coin flip of overtime with the Green Bay Packers. Hasselbeck was intercepted by Al Harris in overtime, who returned the pass for a game-winning touchdown. After that season, Hasselbeck would go on to lead Seattle to six playoff appearances in eight years.

In 2005, Hasselbeck led the Seahawks to Super Bowl XL, where they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers in a game remembered for its poor officiating. The NFL Network called it one of the 10 most controversial games in NFL history. Head referee Bill Leavy later apologized to Hasselbeck at a Seahawks offseason practice in 2010, publicly saying he would "go to his grave for kicking several calls in the fourth quarter that affected the outcome of the game."

In 2006, Hasselbeck rallied the Seahawks in the fourth quarter and threw the game-winning touchdown at Qwest Field to beat the Dallas Cowboys 21–20, but that occurred before Tony Romo's infamous dropped snap.

In 2010, Hasselbeck led the Seahawks to a surprising playoff upset when he beat the New Orleans Saints, who were the defending Super Bowl XLIV champions and 11-point favorites. Although the game would be remembered for Marshawn Lynch's Beast Quake run, Hasselbeck was an integral part in the win with 272 yards and four touchdowns. The game was called "Hasselbeck's finest hour" by ESPN, and turned out to be his final game at Qwest Field in Seattle leading Seattle to a 41–36 upset of the New Orleans Saints.

Departure from Seattle
Hasselbeck's departure from the Seahawks was largely a surprise, given his status with the Seattle fan base. At the conclusion of the 2010 season Pete Carroll announced re-signing Hasselbeck was the Seahawks "number one offseason priority", with Hasselbeck emphasizing his desire to retire in Seattle. However, the two sides had trouble reaching an agreement as Hasselbeck reportedly turned down a one-year offer before the NFL lockout began, asking for two years. When Hasselbeck was rumored to be "Plan A" for the Tennessee Titans and rumors surfaced the Seahawks were pursuing Tarvaris Jackson instead of Hasselbeck, Seattle fans began a web and social media campaign at the end of the NFL lockout in 2011 to "Bring Back Matt", with a website www.bringbackmatt.com. Pete Carroll and general manager John Schneider called Hasselbeck after the lockout to let them know they were "moving on." Hasselbeck described the call as "worse than breaking up with an old girlfriend." The Seahawks took out a full-page ad in The Seattle Times the following day to salute Hasselbeck and his family for their work.

Tennessee Titans

On July 29, 2011, Hasselbeck signed a three-year, $21 million deal to play for the Tennessee Titans. He was recruited by Mike Reinfeldt, the former vice president of football administration for the Seahawks and current executive vice president and the chief operating officer for the Titans, who was part of the team for four of Hasselbeck's five NFC West division championships and Super Bowl appearance. Hasselbeck was targeted by the Titans, who were looking for a veteran quarterback to help lead the team to wins while also mentoring first-round draft pick Jake Locker. The Titans finished 2011 with a 9–7 record, narrowly missing out on the final playoff berth due to losing to the Cincinnati Bengals in Week 9.

Hasselbeck's first action in the 2012 season came in Week 1 against the New England Patriots after Locker left early in the game with a shoulder injury. Hasselbeck started the next four weeks while Locker healed, finishing 2-2 in those starts; his victories were at home against Pittsburgh (the first Titans win over Pittsburgh since 2008) and at Buffalo, winning on a last-minute touchdown to Nate Washington. The Titans went 6-10 on the season.

On March 18, 2013, Hasselbeck was released by the Titans.

Indianapolis Colts
On March 19, 2013, the Indianapolis Colts signed Hasselbeck to a two-year deal worth up to $7.25 million. He beat Chandler Harnish to win the backup job for the 2013 season. Backing up Andrew Luck, Hasselbeck saw little playing time during his first two years but mentored the budding star. In 2013, Hasselbeck attempted only 12 passes, completing seven for 130 yards and one interception. The following season, Hasselbeck appeared in only four games but led two touchdown drives, one during a blowout loss against the Dallas Cowboys and another during garbage time in the season finale against division rival (and former team) the Tennessee Titans.

2015 season
On February 26, 2015, Hasselbeck signed a one-year contract to remain with the Colts.

Hasselbeck made his first start with the Colts on October 4, 2015, filling in for the injured Luck. He led the Colts to an overtime win, defeating the Jacksonville Jaguars, 16–13. After a short week that included Hasselbeck being ill from a bacterial infection and having virtually no practice time, he was once again called upon to play for Luck. He became only the second 40-year-old NFL quarterback to win back-to-back games, when he engineered a 27–20 win over the Houston Texans on October 8, 2015. Over those two starts, he completed 48 of 76 passes for three touchdowns and no turnovers, compiling a 2–0 record as starter.

On November 22, 2015, Hasselbeck started his third game for the Colts, as Luck suffered a kidney injury that would ultimately take him out for the remainder of the season. He passed for 213 yards with two touchdowns and two interceptions in a come-from-behind win over the Atlanta Falcons. The win kept Indianapolis in the lead of the AFC South division and improved them to a 5–5 record. The following week, the Colts took on the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who were on a four-game winning streak. Hasselbeck led the team to a 25–12 win, passing for 315 yards with two touchdowns and no interceptions, which led to a passer rating of 100.8. Hasselbeck led the Colts to a 6–5 record with a 4–0 record as starter at the age of 40, and was the first quarterback in NFL history to do so. However, injuries began to take their toll on the aging quarterback, and Hasselbeck's play would begin to deteriorate as the Colts lost three straight games. Hasselbeck won the final start of his career, an 18-12 win over the Miami Dolphins, thanks in large part to Frank Gore's two rushing touchdowns. He and backup Charlie Whitehurst were unable to play the season finale due to injury; to take their place the Colts signed Josh Freeman and Ryan Lindley, who subsequently split time in a 30–24 win over the Titans. Overall, Hasselbeck was responsible for five of the Colts' eight wins over the season, despite only starting eight games.

Retirement
On February 28, 2016, it was reported that Hasselbeck would not return to the Colts. On March 9, 2016, Hasselbeck announced his retirement from professional football, and that he would join his brother Tim and become an analyst for ESPN, replacing Mike Ditka on Sunday NFL Countdown. Hasselbeck signed a one-day contract with the Seattle Seahawks to officially retire as part of their organization.

On July 30, 2023, it was reported that Hasselbeck along with other ESPN analysts would be laid off.

Regular season

 * Most wins by a starting quarterback, season (tied with Russell Wilson) – 13 (13–3 in 2005)
 * Most pass attempts, game – 55 (at San Francisco, 12/1/02)
 * Most pass completions, game – 39 (vs Detroit, 11/08/09)
 * Most passing touchdowns, game (tied with three players): 5
 * Most 4th quarter comeback wins in a single season – 4 (2006) (tied with Russell Wilson and Dave Krieg)
 * Most game-winning drives in a single season – 5 (2006) (tied with Russell Wilson and Dave Krieg)

Playoffs

 * Most consecutive passes without an interception – 109 (2004–05)
 * Most touchdown passes in a single game – 4 (1/8/11 vs. Saints)

Personal life
Hasselbeck is married to Sarah Egnaczyk. They met at age 17. Sarah was an athlete at Boston College, playing with the field hockey team. Together they live in Weston, Massachusetts, and have two daughters, Annabelle (born 2001) and Mallory (born 2003), and one son, Henry (born 2005). Annabelle and Mallory both play women's lacrosse at Boston College, while Henry is committed to play football as a quarterback at UCLA beginning in 2024.

Matt and his wife have both been struck by lightning. Matt was struck in 1996.

He is a born again Christian and participates in online Bible studies with former teammates and current players.

He is the brother-in-law of television personality Elisabeth Hasselbeck, who is married to his younger brother Tim. Tim also played quarterback at Boston College and in the NFL. He now works for ESPN.

Hasselbeck was inducted into the Seattle Seahawks Ring of Honor on October 25, 2021.

title: Matt Hasselbeck


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Lady Mary Grey

Lady Mary Keyes (née Grey; 20 April 1545 – 20 April 1578) was the youngest daughter of Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, and Frances Brandon, and through her mother had a claim on the crown of England.

Early life
Mary Grey, born about 20 April 1545, was the third and youngest daughter of Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, and Lady Frances Brandon, daughter of Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, and Mary Tudor, the younger of the two daughters of King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. Mary had two sisters, Lady Jane Grey and Lady Katherine Grey.

Throne claims
As great-grandchildren of Henry VII, Mary and her sisters were potential heirs to the crown. When King Edward VI died on 6 July 1553, he left a Will (approved by John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland) naming Mary's eldest sister, Jane, recently married to Northumberland's son Guildford Dudley, to succeed to the throne. Some weeks before, on 25 May 1553, Mary Grey, still a young child, had been betrothed to her distant cousin Arthur Grey, 14th Baron Grey de Wilton, whose father was an ally of Northumberland. The attempt to secure a Protestant succession failed, and although King Edward was briefly succeeded by Jane Grey, the Privy Council of England changed sides and proclaimed his half sister, Mary. Northumberland was executed on 22 August 1553. Queen Mary spared Jane's life and the lives of Jane's husband and father, but after the suppression of the Wyatt rebellion in early 1554, all three were executed, Jane and her husband on 12 February 1554, and Jane's father shortly thereafter, on 23 February. After Queen Mary's accession Mary Grey's betrothal to Arthur Grey was dissolved.

On 1 March 1555, Mary's mother, Frances Brandon, took a second husband, Adrian Stokes. When Frances died on November 20, 1559, she left a life estate in most of her property to Stokes, while Mary received only a small inheritance yielding a modest income of £20 a year. However, Queen Elizabeth, who had acceded to the throne in November 1558, appointed Mary Grey as one of her Maids of Honour and granted her a pension of £80.

Since Queen Elizabeth was childless, the two surviving Grey sisters were next in the line of succession under King Henry VIII's will, and were not permitted to marry without the Queen's permission. In December 1560, however, Katherine Grey secretly married Edward Seymour, the eldest son of the Protector Somerset, incurring the Queen's unrelenting displeasure. As the ceremony had been performed by a priest who was never subsequently identified, and the only witness was Seymour's sister, Lady Jane Seymour, who died shortly after the marriage, the Queen was able to treat the marriage as though it had never taken place, and on 12 March 1563, she obtained a declaration that the marriage was invalid and that Edward Seymour, Viscount Beauchamp, Katherine's eldest son by Seymour, was illegitimate. Both Katherine and her husband were confined to the Tower, and they were later held under house arrest.

Marriage
Despite the disastrous consequences of her sister Katherine's secret marriage, Mary also now married without the Queen's permission. On 16 July 1565, while the Queen was absent attending the marriage of her kinsman, Sir Henry Knollys (d. 21 December 1582), and Margaret Cave, the daughter of Sir Ambrose Cave, Mary secretly married the Queen's sergeant porter, Thomas Keyes, son of Richard Keyes, esquire, of East Greenwich, Kent, by Agnes Saunders, the daughter of Henry Saunders of Ewell, Surrey. Having learned from her sister's experience, Mary took the precaution of having three of her cousins attend as witnesses, her childhood friend, Mary Willoughby, now the wife of Sir Matthew Arundell, and two of the daughters of Lady Stafford. The marriage was an unsuitable one for many reasons. Keyes was from a minor gentry family in Kent, was more than twice Mary's age, and was a widower with six or seven children. Moreover, Mary was described by the Spanish ambassador as 'little, crook-backed and very ugly', while Keyes stood 6 feet 8 inches tall. Sir William Cecil wrote to Sir Thomas Smith that 'The Sergeant Porter, being the biggest gentleman of this court, has married secretly the Lady Mary Grey, the least of all the court ... The offence is very great'.

House arrest
Mary and her husband never saw each other again. The Queen confined Mary to house arrest with William Hawtrey (d. 1597) at Chequers in Buckinghamshire, where she remained for two years, while Keyes was committed to the Fleet. In August 1567, Mary, still under house arrest, was sent to live with her step-grandmother Katherine, Duchess of Suffolk, whom Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, had married after the death of Mary's grandmother Mary Tudor. The Duchess wrote to Cecil expressing shock at the few pitiful household effects with which Mary arrived at her house in the Minories. Mary remained in the Duchess's household for almost two years, and is said to have been close to the Duchess's two children, Peregrine and Susan Bertie.

On 27 January 1568, at the age of twenty-seven, after suffering years of imprisonment, house arrest, and separation from her husband and two young sons, Katherine Grey died at Cockfield Hall, the house of Sir Owen Hopton in Yoxford, Suffolk. According to De Lisle, it is possible that she had starved herself to death. With Katherine Grey's death, Mary was brought to relative prominence as the next heir to Elizabeth under the will of Henry VIII; since Katherine Grey's two sons had been declared illegitimate, even the Queen had to take seriously Mary's claim to the English throne. In June 1569, Mary was therefore sent to live with Sir Thomas Gresham at his house in Bishopsgate and later at his country house at Osterley. Her stay with the Greshams was an unhappy one, however, as Sir Thomas was now half blind and in constant physical pain, and his wife, Anne, bitterly resented Mary's presence in the household.

Later life
After enduring years in the Fleet, Mary's husband Thomas Keyes was released in 1569, and permitted to return to Kent. However, his health had been broken by the conditions of his imprisonment, and he died shortly before 3 September 1571. Mary begged Elizabeth for permission to bring up her husband's orphaned children from his first marriage, but her request was denied, and it was not until May 1572, after Mary had been under strict house arrest for seven years, that the Queen relented sufficiently to allow her to live where she pleased. However, for the time being, Mary had no friends to take her in, and insufficient income to live independently. She continued to reside as an unwelcome guest with the Greshams until Sir Thomas suggested that she be sent to live at Beaumanor in Leicestershire with her late mother's second husband, Adrian Stokes, who had recently married Anne Carew, the widow of Sir Nicholas Throckmorton. In 1573 Mary left the Gresham household for good, 'with all her books and rubbish', as Sir Thomas put it.

Mary did not stay long at Beaumanor. By February 1573, she was established in a house of her own in London in St Botolph's Without Aldgate, and by the end of 1577, she had been rehabilitated to the extent that she was appointed one of the Queen's Maids of Honour.

Death
In April 1578, while plague was raging in London, Mary became ill and drew up her will. She left her mother's jewels to her step-grandmother, the Duchess of Suffolk, gifts of plate to Lady Arundell and to Adrian Stokes's wife, and money to her godchild, Mary Merrick, a granddaughter of her late husband, Thomas Keyes. She died three days later on 20 April 1578, her 33rd birthday. The Queen granted her an imposing funeral in Westminster Abbey, with the Duchess of Suffolk's daughter Susan Bertie, now Countess of Kent, as chief mourner. She was buried in her mother's tomb in the Abbey, where her grave is still unmarked.

In spite of the intrigues involving her sisters, it does not appear that Mary Grey ever made a serious claim to the throne. After her death, according to the terms of Henry VIII's will, the chief claimant became Margaret Stanley, Countess of Derby, the only surviving child of Eleanor Brandon, second daughter of Henry VIII's younger sister, Mary Tudor.

Cultural depictions
Mary is the main character of Philippa Gregory's The Last Tudor (2016), the final instalment in The Plantagenet and Tudor Novels.

Leanda de Lisle's biography The Sisters Who Would Be Queen: Mary, Katherine, and Lady Jane Grey; A Tudor Tragedy was published in 2009 and was a NY Times bestseller. De Lisle recounted the stories and fates of Lady Jane (the "Nine Days Queen"), Katherine, and Mary, and shed new light on Elizabeth I's reign as well.

title: Lady Mary Grey


text: User talk:82.178.20.41

title: User talk:82.178.20.41


text:
User talk:Dr R Bowri

JFW | T@lk  22:13, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dr R Bowri


text:
Paine Wingate

Paine Wingate (May 14, 1739 – March 7, 1838) was an American preacher, farmer, and statesman from Stratham, New Hampshire. He served New Hampshire in the Continental Congress and both the United States Senate and House of Representatives.

Early life, education, ministry, and farming
Wingate was born the sixth of twelve children, in Amesbury, Province of Massachusetts Bay, in 1739. His father (also Paine) was a minister there. He graduated from Harvard College in 1759.

Wingate was ordained a minister of the Congregational Church in 1763. He became a pastor in Hampton Falls, New Hampshire. In 1776, Wingate gave up his ministry and moved to Stratham, where he took up farming.

Political career
Wingate was elected to several terms in the New Hampshire House of Representatives, and was a delegate to their state constitutional convention in 1781.

In 1788, he served as a delegate to the Continental Congress. Despite his own background as a preacher, Wingate successfully proposed that the salaries for the two chaplains of the Continental Congress be cut by 25% probably due at least partly to the Confederation's untenable financial problems. Wingate was a strong advocate for ratification of the United States Constitution, writing as follows in March 1788:

"[T]hose who are well-wishers to their country, and best know the situation we are in, are most sensible of the necessity of its adoption, and great pains are taken to obtain the end."

New Hampshire appointed him to the first United States Senate, in which he served from 4 March 1789 until 3 March 1793. He was then elected to the United States House of Representatives, where he served from 4 March 1793 to 3 March 1795.

Between 1789 and 1794, the U.S. Senate's deliberations were conducted in secret, which Wingate supported: "How would all the little domestic transactions of even the best regulated family appear if exposed to the world; and may not this apply to a larger body?" He believed that secrecy promoted respect for the Senate: "to be a little more out of view would conduce to its respectability in the opinion of the country."

While in the Senate, Wingate served on the committee that drafted the Judiciary Act of 1789, which set up the federal court system. He was disappointed that the bill "will not extend to a tenth part of the causes which might by the Constitution have come into the federal court". The remaining nine-tenths of cases arising under the Constitution and laws of the United States were left for the state courts to decide. Wingate voted against the bill, but it passed.

Judicial career, retirement, and longevity
After his national service, Wingate served as an associate justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court from 1798 to 1808. Once he made up his mind, a change of mind was unlikely. According to Theophilus Parsons, "it was of great importance, that your Judge Wingate should form a correct opinion before he pronounces it—for after that, law, reason, and authority will be unavailing."

With the death of James Madison in 1836, Wingate drew some attention for surviving so long. Before he died at age 98 in 1838, Wingate was one of two surviving delegates to the Continental Congress (along with John Armstrong, Jr.), and the last surviving member of the first United States Congress. For several years he had been the oldest graduate of Harvard. Wingate's wife, Eunice, was the sister of United States Secretary of State Timothy Pickering, and she died in 1843, having passed the century mark. The Wingates are buried in the Stratham Cemetery.

title: Paine Wingate


text: User talk:68.5.64.82

title: User talk:68.5.64.82


text: User talk:82.37.76.88

title: User talk:82.37.76.88


text:
Ottawa General Hospital

The Ottawa Hospital's General Campus is one of three main campuses of The Ottawa Hospital in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. With 569 beds, the General Campus includes The Ottawa Hospital Rehabilitation Centre and the Cancer Centre.

The Ottawa General Hospital opened in 1845 at the current site of the Élisabeth Bruyère Hospital in the ByWard Market area of Ottawa. In 1980, the General moved to its current location at 501 Smyth Road.

History

 * 1845 – The building for the General Hospital was purchased for $240 and was run by Élisabeth Bruyère and the Grey Nuns.
 * 1862-1866 – The General Hospital moved to Water and Sussex streets.
 * 1866 – The first surgical operation was performed.
 * 1897 – The General Hospital begin to accept and train interns.
 * 1918 – A major fire damaged the General Hospital.
 * 1947 – A clinical teaching program was set up with the University of Ottawa.
 * 1950s – The General Hospital was the first to be affiliated with the University of Ottawa School of Medicine.
 * 1957 – The first autologous human bone marrow in Canada was administered.
 * 1967 – The first synovectomy in Canada was performed.
 * 1976 – The first self-financing drug information service in North America was developed.
 * 1978 – The General Hospital was the first in Canada to offer pharmacy-based clinical toxicology consulting service.
 * 1980 – The General Hospital moved to its current site at 501 Smyth Rd.
 * 1986 – Noëlla Leclair received Canada's first Jarvik-7 artificial heart.
 * 1988 – The first bone marrow transplant in Canada between unrelated donors was performed.
 * 1989 – The University of Ottawa Eye Institute opened.
 * 1996 – The Ottawa General Hospital Research Institute was founded by Dr. Ronald Worton.
 * 1998 – The Civic, General and Riverside hospitals amalgamated to form The Ottawa Hospital.
 * 2009 – The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre opened.

Services and programs
The University of Ottawa Eye Institute – a major clinical, teaching and research centre in Canada for ophthalmology – is located at the General Campus. The Ottawa Hospital Rehabilitation Centre – part of the Integrated Rehabilitation Program – is also located at the General Campus.

The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Program is a comprehensive cancer program serving the Champlain LHIN. As the “hub” of this Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital operates a Cancer Centre with two sites – one at the General Campus and the other at the Irving Greenberg Family Cancer Centre, located on the grounds of the Queensway Carleton Hospital.

Established in 2000, the Kidney Research Centre was Canada's first research facility devoted exclusively to investigating diseases that attack the kidney. It is affiliated with the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, the University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital.

In 2012, the Blood Disease Centre opened with a focus on practice-changing research and patient care in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of blood disorders.

title: Ottawa General Hospital


text: Category:Kashmir

title: Category:Kashmir


text:
User talk:Nickolay Stelmashenko

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Nickolay Stelmashenko


text:
User talk:Travis K

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Travis K


text:
Playas, New Mexico

Playas is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hidalgo County, New Mexico, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 74.

History

It is a former company town, named after a nearby former settlement along the Southern Pacific Railroad. It was developed by the Phelps Dodge Corporation in the 1970s for employees of its then-new Hidalgo Copper Smelter, located 10 mi south of the development. Over 270 rental homes, six apartment buildings, a post office, grocery/dry goods store (Phelps Dodge Mercantile), medical clinic with heliport, a bowling alley ("Copper Pins"), grill, a rodeo arena, horse stables, a fitness center, a shooting range, an airstrip and a swimming pool were built for the community, which even has its own ZIP Code (88009). At its peak, the town had about 1,100 residents and included two churches built on land leased from the mining company.

The smelter, which included state of the art environmental controls, a power plant and sulfuric acid plants, was closed by the company as part of a move towards new processing technologies for processing copper concentrates. Declining copper prices accelerated the closure in 1999; all of its residents were required to leave within a year, though a skeleton crew of about a dozen employees remained in the area. Before completion of razing the plant and reclamation of the site, the smelter, about 30 mi north of the border with Mexico, was nicknamed La Estrella del Norte by illegal migrants using its lights as a beacon for crossing into the country.

Four years later, New Mexico Tech agreed to purchase the town and the surrounding 1200 acre for $5 million, using Department of Homeland Security funds secured by Senator Pete Domenici. The town is now a training and research facility (the Playas Training and Research Center, operated by New Mexico Tech's EMRTC) for the university's first responders, counter-terrorism, and Air Force programs, supported by tens of millions of dollars in federal funds.

Geography
Playas is located in eastern Hidalgo County and is bordered to the east by Grant County. It is at the south terminus of New Mexico State Road 113 5 mi south of New Mexico State Road 9, 15 mi east-southeast of Animas, 15 mi west of Hachita and 32 mi south of Lordsburg, the Hidalgo County seat. It sits at the northwestern base of the Little Hatchet Mountains, on the east side of the Playas Valley.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Playas CDP has an area of 4.8 sqkm, all land.

Pete Domenici press releases

 * N.M. Tech Focus on Security Research Creates Educational, Economic Opportunities
 * Domenici secures $80 million in additional funds to support national security work carried out in New Mexico

title: Playas, New Mexico


text:
Amboseli National Park

Amboseli National Park, formerly Maasai Amboseli Game Reserve, is a national park in Loitoktok District in Kajiado County, Kenya. It is 39206 ha in size at the core of an 8000 km2 ecosystem that spreads across the Kenya-Tanzania border. The local people are mainly Maasai, but people from other parts of the country have settled there attracted by the successful tourist-driven economy and intensive agriculture along the system of swamps that makes this low-rainfall area, average 350 mm, one of the best wildlife-viewing experiences in the world with 400 species of birds including water birds like pelicans, kingfishers, crakes, hamerkop and 47 raptor species.

The park protects two of the five main swamps and includes a dried-up Pleistocene lake and semiarid vegetation.

History
In 1883, Jeremy Thompson was the first European to penetrate the feared Maasai region known as Empusel (meaning 'salty, dusty place' in Maa). He, too, was astonished by the fantastic array of wildlife and the contrast between the arid areas of the dry lake bed and the oasis of the swamps, a contrast that persists today.

Amboseli was set aside as the Southern Reserve for the Maasai in 1906 but returned to local control as a game reserve in 1948. Gazetted a national park in 1974 to protect the core of this unique ecosystem, it was declared a UNESCO site in 1991. The park earned $3.5 m (€2.9 m) in 2005. On 29 September 2005, Kenyan President Mwai Kibaki declared that control of the park should pass from the Kenya Wildlife Service to the Olkejuado County Council and the Maasai tribe. Some observers saw this as a political favour in advance of a vote on a new Kenyan constitution; legal challenges are currently in court. The degazetting would divert park admission fees directly to the county council with shared benefits to the Maasai immediately surrounding the park.

Wildlife
The park is famous for being the best place in the world to get close to free-ranging elephants. Other attractions of the park include opportunities to meet Maasai and visit a Maasai village. The park also has views of Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest free-standing mountain in the world.

Amboseli was home to Echo, the most researched elephant in the world, and the subject of many books and documentaries, followed for almost four decades by American conservationist Dr. Cynthia Moss. Echo died in 2009 when she was about 60 years old.

The park was also a refuge to an impressive bull elephant named Tim whose size and tusks became iconic. He died of natural causes on the 5th of February 2020.

Amboseli National Park offers some of the best opportunities to see African wildlife because the vegetation is sparse due to the long, dry months. The protected area is home to African bush elephant, Cape buffalo, impala, lion, cheetah, spotted hyena, Masai giraffe, Grant's zebra, and blue wildebeest. A host of large and small birds occur too.

The park has several rules to protect the wildlife: Never leave the vehicle, except at designated spots; do not harass the animals in any way; always keep to the tracks; no off-road driving; and always give the animals the right of way. The roads in Amboseli have a loose surface of volcanic soil that is dusty in the dry season and impassable in the wet season.

Access
A small airport is in Amboseli, the Amboseli Airport (HKAM).

title: Amboseli National Park


text:
User talk:ElRobot

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title: User talk:ElRobot


text: User talk:67.67.218.53

title: User talk:67.67.218.53


text:
User talk:Fishboy

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Fishboy


text:
Banco Real

Banco Real was a Brazilian bank, owned by Spain's Banco Santander. ABN AMRO had owned the bank but in October 2007, a consortium led by Royal Bank of Scotland that also included Banco Santander and Belgium's Fortis, acquired ABN AMRO and proceeded to dismember it. Banco Santander acquired Banco Real from the consortium, together with some other ABN AMRO operations in Italy, particularly Banca Antonveneta. Banco Santander already owned Banco Santander Brazil, which incorporated Banco do Estado de São Paulo (Banespa). Combining its existing operations with Banco Real will make Banco Santander Brazil the third largest private bank in the country, after Banco Bradesco and Itaú.

Santander has named the CEO of Banco Real to be the head of the combined group in Brazil, with the charge to unify the operations; Santander transferred the CEO of Banco Santander Brazil to Madrid, and then to New York. He is now CEO of Santander's US subsidiary, Sovereign Bank.

History
Banco Real traces its ancestry back to Banco da Lavoura de Minas Gerais, which was founded in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais in 1925. On 1 March 1971, Banco da Lavoura moved its head office from Belo Horizonte to São Paulo and the bank assumed its current name, Banco Real S.A. In 1973 Banco Real began to expand its operations abroad, creating Grupo Real del Paraguay (The Real Group of Paraguay), composed of a commercial bank and three other businesses. In the following year, Banco Real opened a branch on the Brazilian island of Fernando de Noronha and acquired Banco de Minas Gerais, which operated 133 branches at that time.

On its 50th anniversary, in 1975, Banco Real operated 512 branches in Brazil, the biggest branch network in the country, in addition to 12 associated businesses including Companhia Real de Investimentos, then the number one in the domestic ranking. It also had 10 units located abroad - in Bogotá, Panama, Grand Cayman, Nassau, Curaçao, Los Angeles, New York, Toronto, and Mexico City.

In mid-1998, Banco ABN AMRO SA - the Brazilian subsidiary of ABN AMRO Bank - acquired Banco Real. ABN AMRO had begun its activities in Brazil in 1917 as Banco Holandés da America do Sul, when it opened two branches: one in Santos, São Paulo (state) and another in Rio de Janeiro. In 1945, Banco Holandés opened its first branch in São Paulo, and other branches followed. Then in 1963, the bank acquired 50% of the finance company, Aymoré de Crédito, Financiamento e Investimento. Banco Holandés acquired the remainder of the shares in 1970.

In 1993, Banco ABN AMRO moved its headquarters to São Paulo. In November 1998 and November 2001 ABN AMRO-Banco Real acquired two Brazilian state-owned banks, Banco do Estado de Pernambuco S.A. (Bandepe) in Recife and Banco do Estado do Paraiba (Paraiban). Then in October 2003, Banco Real acquired Banco Sudameris from Banca Intesa; in 1998, Sudameris had bought Banco América do Sul, which Japanese immigrants had founded in 1944.

title: Banco Real


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Michael Zielinski Co.

Michael Zielinski Co. was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete

One sentence about a company that hasn't existed for 44 years. The epitome of non-notable. RickK 22:29, Sep 26, 2004 (UTC)
 * I would have speedy deleted it to be honest with you. Delete nonetheless. -- Graham  ☺ | Talk 22:34, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't think it fits the narrow definition of a speedy candidate, but it is an obvious delete. Livajo |[[User talk:Livajo| т]] 22:39, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. --Improv 23:20, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable.   — Gwalla | Talk 23:48, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Extremely notable company. Keep and expand. anthony (see warning) 19:59, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Please provide a single shred of proof of this company's notability. If you cannot do so, then you are in violation of the arbcom ruling that you refrain from trolling the VfD pages.  RickK 20:42, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete--ScottyBoy900Q ∞ 18:29, 04 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.