text:
User talk:Mirah~enwiki

Hi Mirah.. I had to move your article on Kročehlavy to Krocehlavy - unfortunately, the English Wikipedia does not yet support the full unicode set for article names, so the č character does not work in an article name (your article showed up as '''KroÄ

Now that Wikipedia finally supports UTF8, I renamed it back to Kročehlavy  — Chris Capoccia  T⁄C June 28, 2005 18:20 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Mirah. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Mirah~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 01:33, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 16:24, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Mirah~enwiki


text:
Jana Unnayan Mancha

Jana Unnayan Mancha (JUM) a registered political party in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the political front of Federation of Consumer Associations, West Bengal. The party's state secretary is Ramanimohan Nag Chowdhury, a retired senior officer of the Central Bureau of Investigation. The party won three seats in the 2003 panchayat (local council) elections. JUM launched one candidate in the 2006 West Bengal legislative election, Mala Banerjee in Diamond Harbour. Banerjee got 613 votes (0.48%).

title: Jana Unnayan Mancha


text: Category:Transylvania

title: Category:Transylvania


text:
Bezant

In the Middle Ages, the term bezant (besant, from Latin bizantius aureus) was used in Western Europe to describe several gold coins of the east, all derived ultimately from the Roman solidus. The word itself comes from the Greek Byzantion, the ancient name of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire.

The original "bezants" were the gold coins produced by the government of the Byzantine Empire, first the nomisma and from the 11th century the hyperpyron. Later, the term was used to cover the gold dinars produced by Islamic governments. In turn, the gold coins minted in the Kingdom of Jerusalem and County of Tripoli were termed "Saracen bezants", since they were modelled on the gold dinar. A completely different electrum coin based on Byzantine trachea was minted in the Kingdom of Cyprus and called the "white bezant".

The term bezant in reference to coins is common in sources from the 10th through 13th centuries. Thereafter, it was mainly employed as a money of account and in literary and heraldic contexts.

Medieval history
Gold coins were rarely minted in early medieval Western Europe, up until the later 13th century; silver and bronze were the metals of choice for money. Gold coins were almost continually produced by the Byzantines and medieval Arabs. These circulated in Western European trade in smallish numbers, originating from the coinage mints of the Eastern Mediterranean. In Western Europe, the gold coins of Byzantine currency were highly prized. These gold coins were commonly called bezants. The first "bezants" were the Byzantine solidi coins; later, the name was applied to the hyperpyra, which replaced the solidi in Constantinople in the late 11th century. The name hyperpyron was used by the late medieval Greeks, while the name bezant was used by the late medieval Latin merchants for the same coin. The Italians also used the name perpero or pipero for the same coin (an abridgement of the name hyperpyron).

Medievally from the 12th century onward (if not earlier), the Western European term bezant also meant the gold dinar coins minted by Islamic governments. The Islamic coins were originally modelled on the Byzantine solidus during the early years after the onset of Islam. The term bezant was used in the late medieval Republic of Venice to refer to the Egyptian gold dinar. Marco Polo used the term bezant in the account of his travels to East Asia when describing the currencies of the Yuan Empire around the year 1300. An Italian merchant's handbook dated about 1340, Pratica della mercatura by Pegolotti, used the term bisant for coins of North Africa (including Tunis and Tripoli), Cyprus, Armenia and Tabriz (in today's northwestern Iran), whereas it used the term perpero / pipero for the Byzantine bizant.

Although the medieval "bezant" usually referred to a gold coin, some medieval Latin texts have been noted to expand its usage to cover silver coins. These silver bezants were often called "white bezants". Occasionally in Latin they were also called "miliaresion bezants" / "miliarense bezants". Like the gold bezants, the silver bezants by definition were issuances by the Byzantine government or by an Arabic government, and not by a Latin government, and the usage of the term was confined to the Latin West.

Bezants in heraldry
In heraldry, a roundel of a gold colour is referred to as a bezant, in reference to the coin. Like many heraldic charges, the bezant originated during the crusading era, when Western European knights first came into contact with Byzantine gold coins, and were perhaps struck with their fine quality and purity. During the Fourth Crusade the city of Constantinople was sacked by Western forces. During this sacking of the richest city of Europe, the gold bezant would have been very much in evidence, many of the knights no doubt having helped themselves very liberally to the booty. This event took place at the very dawn of the widespread adoption of arms by the knightly class, and thus it may have been an obvious symbol for many returned crusaders to use in their new arms. When arms are strewn with bezants, the term bezantée or bezanty is used.

title: Bezant


text: Category:1949 in sports

title: Category:1949 in sports


text: Category:Oldham County, Texas

title: Category:Oldham County, Texas


text: Category:1933 in sports

title: Category:1933 in sports


text:
User:Iorsh/List of families

 * Actinidiaceae - אקטינידיים
 * Agavaceae - אגביים
 * Annonaceae - אנוניים
 * Aquifoliaceae - ציניתיים
 * Araucariaceae - אראוקריים
 * Balsaminaceae - בשמתיים
 * Begoniaceae - בגוניים
 * Betulaceae - שדריים (JBG)
 * Bignoniaceae - ביגנונים
 * Brassicaceae - כרוביים
 * Bromeliaceae - ברומליים
 * Cactaceae - צבריים
 * Cannaceae - קניים
 * Caricaceae - פפאיים
 * Casuarinaceae - קזואריניים
 * Celastraceae - קלסטריים

 * Combretaceae - קומברטיים
 * Commelinaceae - קומליניים
 * Corylaceae (=Betulaceae) - אילסריים
 * Ebenaceae - אבניים
 * Gesneriaceae - גסנריים

 * Hydrocharitaceae - מימוניים
 * Juglandaceae - אגוזיים
 * Lecythidaceae - לציתידיים
 * Lobeliaceae - לובליים
 * Magnoliaceae - מגנוליים
 * Meliaceae - איזדרכתיים
 * Musaceae - מוזיים
 * Myoporaceae - מיאופוריים
 * Nyctaginaceae - לילניים
 * Passifloraceae - שעוניתיים
 * Pedaliaceae - שומשומיים

 * Piperaceae - פלפליים
 * Pittosporaceae - פיטוספוריים
 * Polemoniaceae - פולמוניים
 * Pontederiaceae - פונטדריים
 * Proteaceae - פרוטאיים
 * Punicaceae - רימוניים (inside Lythraceae - כפריים)
 * Ruscaceae - עצבוניתיים
 * Sapindaceae - סבונניים
 * Simarubaceae - סימרוביים
 * Sterculiaceae - סטרקוליים
 * Taxodiaceae - טקסודיים
 * Theaceae - משפחת התה
 * Tropaeolaceae - טרופיאוליים

title: User:Iorsh/List of families


text:
Samajwadi Krantikari Sena

The Samajwadi Krantikari Sena (Socialist Revolutionary Army) was a political organisation and private army that operated in Saharsa district of Bihar in India. It was founded in 1980 by Anand Mohan Singh and was dominated by members of the Rajput caste who formed part of the feudal elite of Saharsa district and surrounding areas but were reduced to subordinate position due to political condition of period following the implementation Mandal Commission due to spur of some rising backward castes in politics.

The Samajwadi Krantikari Sena was part of a wave of caste-based militias that were formed in Bihar during the 1970s onwards. The group claimed that its aim was to fight against the reservation policies that it believed to be as bad as the divide-and-rule policies of the British Raj. The prime objective of the Sena was to work against reservation quotas for any caste. The group, along with its leader, has also been implicated in several politically-motivated murders.

The sena primarily worked to suppress the voices of dissent from the backward communities after the Mandal politics began in 1990 and reservation for the socially and educationally backward castes was implemented. In order to suppress the supporters of Mandal Commission and to take on growing challenge to their superiority from newly emerging powerful communities from the backward caste in the caste conscious state of Bihar, the Rajputs rallied around the Sena.

However; Pappu Yadav a close associate of Lalu Prasad Yadav formed his own outfit called Mandal Sena to pose a formidable challenge to the aspirations of the Samajwadi Krantikari Sena and its leader Anand Mohan Singh. The clashes between Yadav's outfit with those dominated by upper castes and the action of Yadav's private army in retaliation against the upper castes in the Kosi region, turned the area into a crime zone.

title: Samajwadi Krantikari Sena


text:
White Hart Lane railway station

White Hart Lane is a London Overground station on the Lea Valley lines located in Tottenham of the London Borough of Haringey in North London. It is 7 mi from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Bruce Grove and Silver Street. It is in Travelcard zone 3.

The station is close to Bruce Grove and Tottenham Hotspur Stadium, the home ground of Tottenham Hotspur Football Club.

History
White Hart Lane was originally a stop on the Stoke Newington & Edmonton Railway line (part of Great Eastern Railway) which opened on 22 July 1872. The station was named after the local road on which it is sited – White Hart Lane (the road probably acquired its name in the 17th century but part of it existed earlier as Apeland Street), and it was once the location of a spring called Bishop's Well. The area was semi-rural before the arrival of railway with some villas and other buildings along Tottenham High Road, and the opening of the station drew increasing population to the area, which then developed to become more urban. The line was extended to Enfield, and within a few years 4 trains per hour was running from Liverpool Street to Enfield, more at peak hours, with two reversing at White Hart Lane. It was also linked to Cheshunt in October 1891, initially with services that ran only between White Hart Lane and Cheshunt. In addition to the passenger service, there were also freight facilities on the up side with a refuge siding on the opposite side until 1968.

The original station building built in 1872 is a two-storey brick structure. The White Hart Lane football stadium (which had the same name as the station) opened in 1899 and the station became a point of arrival for fans attending matches at the stadium. As attendance increased, wide exit doors were provided to cope with the 10,000-strong crowds that passed through the station to the stadium on match days. At its busiest, train were running at intervals of under five minutes, the maximum possible with steam trains. In 1961, after the line had been electrified, trains from Liverpool Street were running at intervals of four minutes at its peak on match days, with additional trains from Hertford East and Bishop's Stortford.

In 1957, a scheme was initiated to raise the railway bridge over the adjoining road White Hart Lane by 2 ft so that double-decker buses may pass under. This required substantial alterations to the platforms and lifting of the tracks which was completed in 1958. The work was one of the schemes undertaken in preparation for the electrification of the line. In 1962, a new entrance was added at the station for football fans returning after matches.

In 1978, a fire caused some damage to old station, and a new ticket office was built to the north of the original Victorian building. The entrance frontage beside the road of White Hart Lane dates from this period. New staircases were also constructed on both sides of the exteriors of the platforms for passengers' access.

The Provisional IRA planted a small bomb at the station on 1 March 1992, which coincided with a League Cup semi-final match against Nottingham Forest at White Hart Lane. The match was delayed while the device was made safe.

Today, the station and services that call are operated by London Overground, which took over from Abellio Greater Anglia in May 2015. At that time, the station was added to the Tube map.

Rebuilding
As part of the Northumberland Development Project to redevelop the White Hart Lane stadium and regenerate the area the station was also selected to be upgraded. This involved the building of a new ticket hall to the south of the original station building on Love Lane to create a better connection with Tottenham High Road, and an additional entrance on Penshurst Road as well as two lifts for step-free access to ease the bottlenecking of fans on match day. There is also additional new cycle parking. The rebuilding, which was undertaken by Taylor Woodrow Construction, was originally scheduled to start in autumn 2017 and finish in spring 2019 but was delayed. The new entrance to the station was opened on 26 August 2019.

Discussions were reported in 2019 regarding a proposal that the station could be renamed "Tottenham Hotspur".

Tottenham Hotspur matches
On days that see football matches at Tottenham Hotspur's ground nearby the station sees increased usage. A special timetable operates on match days, with trains arriving and departing every two to three minutes before and after the game. There is an increase in the number of trains to and from the line's termini at Cheshunt and Enfield Town, as well as starting and terminating White Hart Lane trains and services to and from Edmonton Green and Liverpool Street.

Historically, additional match-day services also connected to the Gospel Oak to Barking line and to Stratford from Cheshunt.

Services
All services at White Hart Lane are operated by London Overground using EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:
 * 4 tph to London Liverpool Street
 * 2 tph to Cheshunt
 * 2 tph to Enfield Town

Additional services call at the station during the peak hours, and on matchdays at the nearby Tottenham Hotspur Stadium.

Connections
London Buses routes 149, 259, 279, 349, W3 and night route N279 serve the station.

title: White Hart Lane railway station


text: Category:1953 in sports

title: Category:1953 in sports


text:
Talk:Bosom pad

Bosom pad was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was MERGE AND REDIRECT with Falsies

This page seems to purely exist to show pictures of bra parts. Not really encyclopedia material I wouldn't think. Shane King 12:17, Oct 24, 2004 (UTC)

 * Merge and redirect with Brassiere. Darksun 13:06, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: This is the second spurious article to use those pictures. My suspicion is that someone is very attached to the pictures and wants to use them, hell or high water.  I supsect that if the images were deleted, the articles would stop. Geogre 16:53, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete Bosom pad but keep pictures, which are informative, maybe squeeze one into Brassiere. — Bill 22:39, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Woman have all time problem by the dimensions of the bosom to BJAODN. I love the pictures though -- somehow quaintly Pythonesque. Wile E. Heresiarch 22:45, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect, maybe add the pictures to brassiere. -Sean Curtin 00:58, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Falsies. The pictures can be used there. --Whosyourjudas (talk) 01:01, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect and merge into Falsies. Bosom pads aren't notable enough for an article of their own (mainly, I think, because of the proliferation of terms for this kind of padding), but their historical distinctness from 'falsies' needs to be recognised. - Katherine Shaw 08:49, Oct 25, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect and merge into Falsies or Brassiere, whichever is more appropriate. Jayjg 21:22, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Seems a prime M/R candidate, someone who knows choose where, its ugly in its current "merged" form.... — siro  χ  o  14:08, Oct 29, 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Talk:Bosom pad


text:
NHS Direct

NHS Direct was the health advice and information service provided by the National Health Service (NHS), established in March 1998. The nurse-led telephone information service provided residents and visitors in England with healthcare advice 24 hours a day, every day of the year through telephone contact on the national non-geographic 0845 46 47 number. The programme also provided a web based symptom checkers on the NHS Direct website and via mobile, both as apps for iPhone and Android smart phones and a mobile website.

It was discontinued on 31 March 2014 and replaced by NHS 111. As a part of the National Health Service, NHS Direct services were free, although the 0845 number was usually chargeable as a non-geographic number. Some landline providers allowed 0845 calls within "inclusive" minutes.

Users of the service, through whichever channel, were asked questions about their symptoms or problem. Common problems were often given simple self care advice, which they could follow, thereby avoiding an expensive visit to a health care professional. More complex problems were assessed by a nurse and could then be given treatment advice or referred on to another service within the NHS.

As well as these core services, NHS Direct provided a number of commissioned services throughout the NHS, such as specialised support for patients with long term conditions, access to GP and dental healthcare out of hours, and a professional response system for times of public health anxiety.

NHS Direct only provided its service for residents and visitors in England, and there are corresponding public services covering Scotland (NHS 24) and Wales (NHS Direct Wales). Northern Ireland does not have such a service.

Health and symptomatic advice
NHS Direct's core service was the provision of health advice to the public through the national telephone service or through digital channels including the website.

Telephone service
In England and Wales, the NHS Direct telephone service was available on 0845 46 47 and was run by a specially trained team of information handlers and healthcare professionals, including nurses and dental nurses. The service was equipped to deal with a huge range of health enquiries, from symptomatic queries that require assessment and treatment, to requests for local healthcare services and healthy living advice.

Every person that called NHS Direct feeling unwell was assessed to establish the severity of their symptoms, so as to re-route any urgent or life-threatening situations to the emergency services as quickly as possible.

Other symptomatic callers were able to speak to a nurse practitioner, who asked about their condition in order to recommend the best course of action. This could be giving advice about treating the problem at home, suggesting a visit to a pharmacist, or advising an appointment with their GP, which, if in the out of hours period (when the GP surgeries are closed), could possibly be arranged over the phone.

As many callers were advised to look after their symptoms at home without seeing their GP, the NHS Direct telephone service reduced the demand on NHS resources and helped to avoid unnecessary trips to the doctor, dentist and accident and emergency department.

The NHS Direct telephone service also provided a confidential interpreter service in many different languages, which could be accessed by stating the language required when the call was answered. For those who are deaf or hard of hearing, there was a textphone service available on 0845 606 4647.

Website
The NHS Direct website had a variety of symptom checkers, based on the same system used on the telephone service and could either give self care advice or direct a user to another NHS service. For more complex queries, the symptom checkers allowed the user to receive a call back from a nurse or to take part in a webchat for further information and help.

All NHS Direct health advice and information on the website passed through a rigorous clinical check by medical professionals before it was published.

Non-urgent health queries could be submitted to the NHS Direct online enquiry service and the website also offered a confidential webchat service for those needing advice about unprotected sex or emergency contraception.

Mobile services
NHS Direct offered its full range of symptom checkers optimised for mobile devices on its mobile website and also launched stand alone 'apps' for iPhone and Android smart phones, both available in the normal app stores.

Digital television channel
NHS Direct provided an interactive TV service via Sky Interactive until 31 March 2009, when the service was closed.

The Freeview service, on channel 100 is now hosted by NHS Choices.

The digital television service contained condensed versions of many of the most common and popular health encyclopedia topics and common health questions.

Commissioned services
Although it is not well known, NHS Direct supplies a multitude of additional commissioned services within the NHS.

NHS Direct supported many local health authorities in England, including primary care trusts (PCTs), helping them to deliver high-quality healthcare to people in each region.

These services ranged from dedicated projects in particular areas, such as the local telephone helpline set up for Sandwell PCT after a dental health scare, to schemes that were developed nationwide. These include a telephone-based pre and post-operative assessment for patients having surgery, and allocating care managers to give regular coaching and advice to those with long term conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

History and background
NHS Direct was launched in 1998 after the government identified a need for a telephone health advice line staffed by nurses as part of its plans to modernise the NHS.

The aim of NHS Direct, as stated by the government in the NHS White Paper, The New NHS, was "to provide people at home with easier and faster advice and information about health, illness, and the NHS, so that they are better able to care for themselves and their families".

The NHS Direct telephone service began taking calls in three contact centres in Lancashire, Northumbria and Milton Keynes in March 1998. These original sites were set up as pilots but soon proved successful, reaching over 1 million people and earning highly positive feedback. Additional waves of pilots were established in contact centres around England until the whole country was covered by the NHS Direct telephone service in 2000.

NHS Direct added a website to its services at the end of 1999, allowing users to find clinically accurate health advice and information anonymously. Since its creation, the NHS Direct website was steadily improved and developed, attracting more users. By 2008, there were over 1.5 million visitors to the website every month. NHS Direct's services continued to expand and improve. It had been said that this has made the organisation "the largest and most successful healthcare provider of its kind, anywhere in the world".

It was reported that each call made to NHS Direct cost £25 to answer - an earlier official report had put the total at £16.

In April 2007, NHS Direct became an NHS Trust, giving it the opportunity to apply for foundation trust status.

In August 2010, the BBC reported that David Cameron's coalition government was planning to scrap the NHS Direct 0845 46 47 helpline telephone service in favour of the cheaper NHS 111 number. This intention was set out in the white paper, but was portrayed in the media as a 'leak' by the Conservative Health Secretary Andrew Lansley. The service was shut down on 26 March 2014. A copy of the website was archived a few weeks before the official closedown.

Abolition of NHS Direct helpline (England)
The Department of Health confirmed that NHS Direct's telephone number was to be phased out in favour of the new non-emergency NHS 111 number, following three pilots in the North East, East Midlands and East of England. NHS 111 is intended to work in an integrated way with local GPs, out-of-hours services, ambulance services and hospitals, for the benefit of patients and to help the NHS become more efficient. NHS Direct was intended to have an ongoing role, along with other providers, in helping to deliver the NHS 111 Service and, in the interim, continued providing local and national telephone and web-based services on behalf of its commissioners.

Closure
It was announced in October 2013 that NHS Direct would be closed down in 2014. after the organisation became entangled in and failed to deliver correctly a number of contracts to deliver NHS 111.

title: NHS Direct


text:
Spearville

Spearville may refer to some places in the United States:

 * Spearville, Kansas
 * Spearville Township, Ford County, Kansas

title: Spearville


text: Category:Columnists

title: Category:Columnists


text:
Speers

Speers may refer to

People

 * David Speers, Australian journalist

Places

 * Speers, Pennsylvania
 * Speers, Saskatchewan
 * Speers Point, New South Wales
 * Speers, a town in Friesland

Music

 * Speer Family, also known as the Speers

Television

 * Speers Tonight, an Australian news program

title: Speers


text:
Spencer Brook (Minnesota)

Spencer Brook is a stream in Isanti County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

Spencer Brook was named for Judge Benjamin Nicholson Spencer (1806-1881) from Pennsylvania, an early settler.

title: Spencer Brook (Minnesota)


text:
Talk:Victor Lewis-Smith

Where'd he go?
I only just found out he left the Standard 3 years ago and being from Scotland I have limited access to his writing. Does anyone know what he's doing now? Thanks...Trip2themoon (talk) 03:38, 6 August 2010 (UTC)

There was a rumour he was going to do the restaurant reviews for the Observer/Guardian but that never appeared to happen. As far as Television Production goes I had heard that he was only going to make theatrical relaeses a la Michael Moore. He made one with Keith allen about the Princess Diana inquiry as reported in Variety (http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=print_story&articleid=VR1117985753&categoryid=1043) but I gather it had no interested buyers when they took it to Cannes, so it died without trace. As for TV - I think he may have sadly burned all his bridges with the commissioning editors by now - still there's plenty of his old stuff on You Tube! Tiswas20 (talk) 16:43, 23 August 2010 (UTC)

Out of date
There is very old info here, the details of his work on Bach are all very dated, and explicitly so e.g.: The series started on BBC2 in June 2003, and a third tranche of programmes has just (July 2007) been completed and awaits scheduling.

Malice
A brief perusal of the edit history indicates clear malice, emanating probably from someone who has been on the receiving end of a VLS review, or (I am fairly sure) the subject of one of his documentaries. The clues are all there!! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Clemmywemmy (talk • contribs) 18:21, 11 May 2012 (UTC)

Not necessarily malice? Help needed.
I have looked at the history of this article and this Talk page. Wow! Here are some comments to help experienced editors tackle the multiple problems (I will try contacting some admins in the hope that this page gets some attention). There seems to be some funny business going on (maybe not such a surprise: this article is about a comedian and hoaxer so jokers of various kinds might well be attracted to it).

CITATIONS – The article has been tagged since April 2007 as needing more citations, yet there is still an obvious problem. Plenty needs sourcing.

HIDDEN INFO – There is a fair amount of interesting material buried in the archive of this Talk page (e.g.discussions of dodgy editing by those connected to/employed by Victor Lewis Smith; an as yet unpublished biography; his firing from the BBC and other relevant matters). Here are two different links to the same archive - well worth looking at if you are interested in Smith or the way this article has been put together:- ,

RECENT EDITS –

(Birth date) An anonymous editor has recently repeatedly tried to insert a Sheffield 1960 birth date into the article. This has been repeatedly removed, no doubt because it is unsourced (early versions of this page have another unsourced birth year of 1961 – also removed). In fact Victor Lewis Smith was born plain Victor Smith (his mother Norma’s maiden name of Lewis being added later) on 12 May 1957 in Ilford, Essex – see. This suggests the article should in fact be titled Victor Lewis Smith, without the hyphen.

(Sockpuppets?) There have been numerous recent edits by User:Clemmywemmy and User:Dora63, seeking to remove critical material from the article. The edit history of User:Clemmywemmy shows only edits to this article while the edit history of User:Dora63 shows a focus on this article, as well as In Confidence (a TV series produced by Smith; Keith Allen (a frequent collaborator of Smith’s); and Unlawful Killing (a film written by Smith).

(What's missing) For example User:Clemmywemmy removed well sourced references to Smith being fired from the BBC; being succeeded by Chris Morris; repeatedly reusing his own material; and to a recent TV programme produced by Smith being "clumsy, witless and pleased with itself to the point of onanism" (this quote being sourced to the TV critic of The Sunday Times, A.A. Gill).

Also removed by User:Clemmywemmy was an expressive quote from The Guardian drawing attention to conflicting opinions expressed by Smith about BBC executive Alan Yentob:"Monkey was astounded to read Victor Lewis-Smith's column in the Evening Standard yesterday. It reviewed BBC arts show Imagine's episode about Never Mind the Buzzcocks. But the bile dripped off the pages when it came to presenter and BBC creative director Alan Yentob...Monkey remembers someone at the Daily Mirror in March 1999 having a vastly different view of the lovely Alan. 'My money is on Alan Yentob for [BBC] director general, because he's not only proved himself to be an excellent programme maker and shrewd channel controller, but is also respected by the public, and has an unusually good sense of humour, as his Red Nose Day appearances have confirmed. Believe me, if DGs were elected by the people, then Yentob would win in a landslide.' And the author of that glowing praise? None other than a certain journalist and, let's not forget, independent TV producer, Victor Lewis-Smith. What can have made him change his mind?"

CALM DOWN DEAR, IT'S ONLY A WIKIPEDIA PAGE!
Thank you so much to the anonymous editor above for demonstrating so very precisely the issue I raise about malice on VLS' pages. I too invite an experienced editor to analyse the above author's activities, because it's obviously been infecting the main article and talk pages for many years. If anyone is a sockpuppet, it is the author of the above. Actually socktroll might be a better word.

I have BINNED (aka removed) the links to unpublished primary sources which are un- wikpedian for a biography of a living  person. Revisits (presumably in the hope of eventual reinsertion) of tendentious quotes from ancient newspaper gossip columns (also un-wikipedian and probably sold  to newspapers  by the very editor who sites them)  and the revisiting of a fictional VLS biography which was  supposed to be published  in 2006 (and whose “authors” links have been blocked by numerous contributors)  is absurd. Also dredged up are the worst extracts from bad reviews (without balance provided), and  a whole load of weasel words. Talk pages are not lavatory walls to be scribbled on by the disgruntled. Vandalism is vandalism however eloquent.

By the way, while I admire his writing, I am no apologist for VLS. I am currently writing a book about  British journalists,  and his entry will be far from flattering (though it will be fair) and its footnotes will include accurate and detailed biographical details. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Clemmywemmy (talk • contribs) 13:01, 11 June 2012 (UTC)

Will the real Lewis-Smith please stand up?
So are we to assume that the previous two editors (who it seems have been amending this wikipedia entry for some time according to their own personal agendas) are none other than Benjamin Pell and Victor Lewis-Smith?

Certainly User:Clemmywemmy seems to be accusing the previous author of being Benjamin Pell and if User:Clemmywemmy is not Lewis-Smith then he's doing a very good impression of him (and incidentally amending this entry to resemble a well-crafted resume at the same time.)

If you are both who you appear to be please have the decency to identify yourselves as such, or better still follow the wikipedia NPOV and COI policies and leave the editing of this entry to those who don't have either an axe to grind or a career to promote. (Thimblywimbly (talk) 15:55, 25 June 2012 (UTC)).

Bad fact
Coming back to this article after a long break I see someone has inserted another wrong birth date into the article, as usual without any references. A confirmed sockpuppet removed the text below from this Talk page but it's helpful in dealing with the birthday:-

 * An anonymous editor has recently repeatedly tried to insert a Sheffield 1960 birth date into the article. This has been repeatedly removed, no doubt because it is unsourced (early versions of this page have another unsourced birth year of 1961 – also removed). In fact Victor Lewis Smith was born plain Victor Smith (his mother Norma’s maiden name of Lewis being added later) on 12 May 1957 in Ilford, Essex – see . This suggests the article should in fact be titled Victor Lewis Smith, without the hyphen.

A cross check shows that Victor Smith was born in Ilford on 12 May 1957, son of Geoffrey Smith and Norma Lewis. So I will correct the date in the article.

Also given that the old nonsense seems to have started again I will now go back through the article's history to see what can be done to improve it. VLSCheck (talk) 13:21, 20 November 2012 (UTC)
 * We could really use a better source than "someone called Victor L Smith was born to a mother with the surname Lewis on this date". There's nothing in that source to confirm this is the same person as the TV critic. --McGeddon (talk) 13:32, 20 November 2012 (UTC)

McGeddon is right
I agree with McGeddon. The debate about when he was born has gone on for years and I have seen various primary sources pulled out and dropped. VLS seldom gives interviews and those I have seen don't ask his age. Use of primary sources contravens the strict Wikipedian rules about BLP. See "Identifying reliable sources". So I remove this current version. Working in British comedy biography, I have seen documents that suggest that one half of his family is Italian. And I am delving a bit more. I will keep an eye on this entry. Snickarious (talk) 22:39, 21 November 2012 (UTC)

Who Would be a Critic?
I have been looking into the history of the VLS page. By any standards, it has been the subject of relentless attack over the years. This talk page alone gives a measure of that. I also notice that the VLS page was virtually decimated by a contributor who has been subsequently permanently blocked from Wikipedia. I will attempt to replace some of the material that seems to have been cut in a frenzy. These critics seem to get a rough Wiki ride and probably from those they have attacked. It needs looking into. For example, see the history of AA Gill's page! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gavelboy (talk • contribs) 12:47, 8 June 2013 (UTC)

(Redacted personal attack by anonymous editor) 78.157.215.73 (talk) 13:33, 8 June 2013 (UTC)

Once again - are we or are we not reading the words of Victor Lewis smith and Benjamin Pell here? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Thimblywimbly (talk • contribs) 13:55, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Victor Lewis-Smith. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070930220727/http://news.independent.co.uk/media/article156747.ece to http://news.independent.co.uk/media/article156747.ece

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 01:37, 17 October 2015 (UTC)

Unsourced in lead
Someone keeps adding unsourced material, not mentioned in the article, to the lead. And then reverting when it is (correctly) removed.

Please use appropriate secondary sources (as per Wikipedia editing norms); provide the reference for anything you add; include such material first in the main article; and then summarise in the lead. Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.150.62.177 (talk) 17:48, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

What about his body of work ?
Looking at the edit history of the VLS entry over the years, he's obviously been subjected to vandalism and more ominously his considerable body of work has been airbrushed out. Where's all the Radio 4 stuff? Radio 1? Dozens of TV and Radio programmes that are just not mentioned? He was a TV critic and I see spiteful revenge editing here. I'll try to address that in the coming months. This very page is littered with sideswipes. Schitterend (talk) 19:10, 15 March 2021 (UTC)

I'm going through the Radio Times archive over the coming months. That and the TV Times are the only real sources. It's obvious that he never played the "fame game". Not interested in doing interviews. Considering the amount of writing he did for The Standard and Mirror over the decades it's a miracle he did so much other work. Documentaries and music series. Considering that his entry is pretty small and has been reduced and reduced over the years. It looks like malice to me. Bad Karma maybe if you are dishing out vicious critiques. He's a much bigger supplier to Private Eye than people know. I have that from a reliable source. Though he's definitely not Square Eyes. He gave Ian Hislop his first break on the BBC and they are pretty close pals. Gavelboy (talk) 20:21, 16 March 2021 (UTC)

Sigh
Here we go again. This person is clearly controversial, strong views in favour, strong views against. The edit history of this article is bumpy.

He’s also a known hoaxer with a history of false names (nothing controversial here, he boasts repeatedly of this throughout his career). He has a notable interest in Wikipedia, both in terms of mucking about (sockpuppets, “funny” edits) and of course he’s particularly intetested in this article.

If Gavelboy - who mainly edits this article - is getting busy with new material, we can expect more disruption as this triggers responses. Admins might like to keep an eye on this and I’ll try and copy this alert on an appropriate noticeboard. 95.146.83.181 (talk) 11:37, 18 March 2021 (UTC)

"Sigh" indeed. Just to remind you that these talk pages are subject to the same strictures as the main pages. I'd be interested in seeing proof of the sockpuppetry etc. you suggest emanates from the subject? As for the hoaxing, site sources from the usual reliable one. It's in the public domain that he made hoax calls on his R1 shows back in the 80s, but since then, I see no evidence. What I do see, and why I am interested the history of edits on his page, is because of so many blatant attempts at eradicating / airbrush a varied career that spans decades. Until recently his banner title was "British DJ"! That's intentionally demeaning. I believe this negative editing mostly came from a single source and we're looking into that.

I do not "mainly edit" this article. I edit many. And I do so with what I always hope to be a balanced POV. I don't hold a candle for the subject, but I do know foul play when I see it. And others are seeing that too.Gavelboy (talk) 10:15, 20 March 2021 (UTC)

Birth date from Companies House: 12 May 1959
https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/02541839/officers

Victor Lewis-Smith (with hyphen) is listed as director of Associated Rediffusion, born May 1959 106.254.29.174 (talk) 11:49, 13 December 2022 (UTC)

 * And page three of this PDF says the birthday of Victor Lewis Smith (no hyphen, but Lewis Smith given as surname) was 12 May 1959
 * https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/document-api-images-live.ch.gov.uk/docs/89iyLbvtdv6vmK2NRgFhJN4hyuToYRgOuhk92PFhNGQ/application-pdf?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAWRGBDBV3OWEDOCMC%2F20221213%2Feu-west-2%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20221213T115205Z&X-Amz-Expires=60&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEJL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCWV1LXdlc3QtMiJGMEQCIE9fYwMIEHYY9ITzC3EIY3O0V83s3lEhv0qNid8DeOjYAiBZAGbMvsrLsOo2kVnk39ZWtg1DhbnMNZc1dOInE0FJJCrWBAi7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAQaDDQ0OTIyOTAzMjgyMiIMQRd2WaXZKNjaSACvKqoEMX8Y%2Fj7MX%2F%2FBwHNcA0Y0PKMKh4cNc62pKf7okYRCvneDs4%2BcRdBLIcN5zxhuGrUY39lpP8FIXYZb6OjHBu6VZl5NqOIaSGlCY0ZuEcd2IvVXb0fjlZAYI8vSDkZ%2F%2Faaq35zlRz3vlYP8DPXrdHvV2W6eCR8IPlT3DIQ4tLy2%2BqSDgAM43v5zjmgCeZZRXOKWLGgrSyOR8BkRUTzrG39tANOk4vagS0sEFJ1FageJhHRJNiqYS%2BW2Lgzgk%2BXGHXhUc3dTWpVFpa68wz55wb9B7%2Bjlh64R%2FivkViXC%2BzcItfdJD8a3pQP8XaMGFTWMb6hLbQdHoyYoCB3cAF6cZ%2FySSZeOwqwx5AEC2xBaVPGCS2EY14jwnnDAbbDmzzxjPry1Ld2nrcqe7wJz78aH%2B8BM13bWUcO0DB8cTHrwFCz7aH2JbEgOn7jR6XGzZnZJoQgxePis2SKRwD8iJcja32gtapG69WSLn0lspfNaHsrGce9c86tI2oZhPLcxRJzRy59YPMLCWEAqfFZCx%2BwAhWPG%2FJe1Ql4Ck%2BIiqkai%2BukcSyTB6wQE%2F2dQsnj1kkn53x0tcRCs2DXAgCwin6Dx30dPuqpYuPESUfL4SRXg2BJmVKnsIAzzlbV1n4BCv6eIPI%2FIDiuLQLNwUDetFc5W6Ah%2BPe3532xMaI2fxYqCjWhYbPQaDvlblAlup9PlJ61dde0yAJazewUYqOPVYfthw5iWQBCZBwC8MNG%2FPIsw5JLhnAY6qgEaSl2X3xrBUoIBBlZ62W8GP3%2BwaapfU92Z8r4b6RUVX0wMHUHFWOUnUjgIjU63LT1TpBpobHa%2BxmenscQGXMtlJMYM00w6rPkYhYkI01ATVTc9y74BhcodTO5KI2j%2FHRJXN1gnFPUgHkSvC00o8LMIc6rDsPwqZnWdiErvX69qwgBvJ3hZ0NiiMIygzgJNsmCKJecOUdrACoBcNI%2Fm67m%2BGB2lljZmkMAzDg%3D%3D&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&response-content-disposition=inline%3Bfilename%3D%22companies_house_document.pdf%22&X-Amz-Signature=5d59b0311b106315799e60d03420a8c649d6474af7b5be625418127ae0494336 106.254.29.174 (talk) 11:55, 13 December 2022 (UTC)

 * Here we go again. This has been going on for years, for at least two reasons connected with the subject of the article. One, this man liked to sow mischief, pretend to be other people and engage in all kinds of deception, sometimes amusingly, sometimes less so (there is a Wikipedia history of his being censured for sockpuppetting in relation to this article and others). Second, for whatever reason he seems to have had hang ups about his age and background. As I write I am staring at a copy of his birth certificate (WP:NOR but this is only a Talk page): Victor Smith, born in Ilford, Essex, of Geoffrey Smith and Elizabeth Smith formerly Lewis, on 17 May 1957. People thought his middle name (Lewis, his mother's maiden name) was part of some grand surname, but it wasn't. However by the time of his marriage in 1993 (I have that document as well) he gave his surname as Lewis-Smith. Given his lifelong fascination with falsifying documents (including some amusing entries in reference works) it would not be surprising if the paperwork he completed for Companies House and elsewhere was less than wholly accurate. 31.124.106.107 (talk) 13:27, 13 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Apologies for a slip. The date on his birth certificate is that given by the Daily Telegraph (and as currently used in the article). It is shown as 12 May 1957 (the certificate was registered on 17 May 1957, I was looking at the wrong column). 31.124.106.107 (talk) 13:33, 13 December 2022 (UTC)

Tweets
His Twitter account - @tvoffal - went quiet in 2019 and all now seems to have been deleted. But some of his Tweets have been archived here (and elsewhere on the Wayback Machine):-

https://web.archive.org/web/20180715000000*/Twitter.com/tvoffal

Just in case this might be useful for those who want to work on improving the article.

31.124.106.107 (talk) 15:06, 14 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Victor Lewis-Smith


text: Category:Orange County, Texas

title: Category:Orange County, Texas


text:
Olegas Truchanas

Olegas Truchanas (22 September 1923 – 6 January 1972) was a Lithuanian-Australian conservationist and nature photographer.

He was a key figure in the attempt to stop the damming of the ecologically sensitive Lake Pedder in South West Tasmania by the Hydro Electricity Commission. His photographs, along with those of his protégé, Peter Dombrovskis, helped raise public awareness of the importance of the south-west Tasmania.

Early life
Truchanas was born in Šiauliai, Lithuania. In 1941, he graduated from the Šiauliai Gymnasium. After the 1945 fall of Lithuania to the USSR, he fled to Munich, Germany. Though he enrolled in a law degree at UNRRA University, he was sent to a displaced persons camp and subsequently migrated to Tasmania in 1948.

Upon arriving in Tasmania, Truchanas worked for a zinc company in Hobart for two years, which was necessary under Australian migration law of the time. During that time, he began to take an interest in the Tasmanian wilderness.

South West Tasmania
In 1958, Truchanas became the first person in recorded history to kayak the length of the dangerous Serpentine and Gordon Splits.

Most of Truchanas' early photographs were lost when his house was destroyed in the Hobart bushfire in 1967. However, over the next five years, he substantially rebuilt his collection of photos of the Lake Pedder area. As a clerk temporarily employed by the Hydro Electricity Commission, Truchanas was forbidden to speak about the increasing controversy surrounding the impending damming. His photographs played an important role in the publicity of the campaign. He was once quoted as stating "This vanishing world is beautiful beyond our dreams and contains in itself rewards and gratifications never found in an artificial landscape or man-made objects."

After taking what is now among the only remaining records of the pre-dam era Lake Pedder, Truchanas realised that the campaign was lost. He turned his attention to the Pieman, Gordon and Franklin Rivers. In 1972, Truchanas drowned in the Gordon River after he slipped and fell into the current. His body was found by Dombrovskis, trapped beneath a log.

Legacy
He lived to see the failure of the Lake Pedder and Pieman River campaigns although the actual damming did not occur until after his death. The campaign to stop the Franklin Dam and thus save the Gordon and Franklin rivers, was ultimately successful. After his death, a book with his work was published. With an initial print of 5,000 copies, eight further editions sold out.

Truchanas' and Dombrovskis' stories were depicted in a 2003 documentary, Wildness. In the same year a tribute, The Forest of Stumps by artist Geoff Parr, was exhibited at Hobart's Ten Days on the Island arts festival. It included a number of Truchanas' photographs.

Some of his photographs have been turned into postage stamps by Australia Post. A canoe used by Truchanas, and several other possessions, is part of the National Library of Australia's National Historical Collection. Singer-songwriter Bruce Watson wrote in his song Olegas, "the Franklin runs today because of what [Truchanas] began."

In 2007 IHOS Music Theatre and Opera staged excerpts from a major opera, Olegas, based on the life of Olegas Truchanas. His work appeared in the 2013 photographic exhibition Into the Wild: Wilderness Photography in Tasmania at the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery in Launceston, Tasmania and in the catalogue of this exhibition. His collection of colour slides, as well as an archival collection, was donated to the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery in 2014. His work also appeared in the 2020 QVMAG exhibition Natural Visions: the camera and conservation.

title: Olegas Truchanas


text:
Moritz Bleibtreu

Moritz Johann Bleibtreu ( is a German film actor, voice actor, and film director. He has been a successful actor in many movies such as Run Lola Run, Das Experiment, The Baader Meinhof Complex, and Elementary Particles. His role in Knockin' on Heaven's Door was the one that set off his career back in 1997.

Life
Moritz Bleibtreu was born in 1971 and was raised in the St. Georg district of Hamburg. Moritz Bleibtreu's parents, Monica Bleibtreu, (1944–2009) and, Hans Brenner, (1938–1998) were both actors. Renato Attilio Bleibtreu is Moritz's grandfather and is a well-known writer. Many of his ancestors were actors also, such as his great-grandmother Maximiliane Bleibtreu, her sister Hedwig Bleibtreu and their parents Amalie and Sigmund Bleibtreu. Actress Cilli Drexel is the half-sister of Moritz Bleibtreu. The Bleibtreustrasse, a street in Berlin, was originally named after Georg Bleibtreu who was a battle painter and a distant ancestor of Moritz. Moritz as a child was already in the spotlight when he starred in Neues aus Uhlenbusch (News From Uhlenbusch). The children series was written by Rainer Boldt, Monica Bleibtreu, and Hans Peter Korff. Monica and Hans were married at the time this series was produced. Bleibtreu's career continued to grow as he got a role in Boldt's, I Had a Dream, and then in 1986 in, With My Hot Tears, a television series that he acted in with his mother.

Moritz Bleibtreu grew up attending the Jahnschule, which is now known as the Ida-Ehre-School in Hamburg-Harvestehude. He obtained his secondary school certificate in the eleventh grade while attending the school. He then began to not attend the school anymore after obtaining his certificate. Bleibtreu then moved to Paris to work as an Au-Pair for almost two years. While working this job, he was also able to learn French. He then moved to Italy afterwards for a year and then on to New York. In New York, he attended acting school. He was not offered a job in his audition at the Actors Studio, but he was able to get on as a factotum, which let him observe the actors' rehearsals.

Moritz Bleibtreu had a son in November 2008 with his now ex-wife Annika in Reinbek, Germany.

He married Saskia de Tschaschell in Reinbek at the Maria-Magdelenen Church on July 21, 2022.

Career
At the age of 21 and after 4 years of studying abroad, Bleibtreu continued his career by working at the Thalia Theater and the Schauspielhaus in Hamburg, Germany. After this, he began getting smaller roles in television series. Moritz Bleibtreu began his television acting career in 1993 with a role in the series Schulz & Schulz. Bleibtreu took a role in The Little Innocent (1994) as a gay bartender named Thorsten who lives in the Hamburg prostitute scene. In the show, he helps a 16-year-old boy with a predicament with his father. They seek to prove his father's innocence after he is convicted of killing a young man who resided in the red-light district in Hamburg. Bleibtreu also starred in a romantic comedy called Talk of the Town (1995). He played the role of Karl, a homosexual naive carpenter.

In 1998, Moritz began to step away from acting in T.V. series and began to work on more movies. He said, "cinema is an active form of watching, while television is a passive one". Bleibtreu has worked in many well-known films such as Run Lola Run, Knockin' on Heaven's Door, The Baader Meinhof Complex, and The Experiment. He also worked on many other films such as Solino, im Juli, Chiko, and Soul Kitchen in which he worked with filmmaker Fatih Akin. Moritz won the German Film Award for best leading actor in the films im Juli and The Experiment. In 2003, he was a member of the jury at the 25th Moscow International Film Festival. Bleibtreu also worked in many films as a voice actor. In 2004 and 2006, he was a voice actor in the film Brother Bear and Brother Bear 2 which were both produced by Walt Disney Studios. He was also awarded the Silver Bear for Best Actor in 2006 for his role in Elementary Particles directed by Oskar Roehler. He also enjoys taking smaller supporting roles in international co-productions. One movie that he worked in was Sam Barbarski's Vijay and I. Bleibtreu, back in 2004, played a role in the Danish film Der Fakir and then in 2016 in Johannes Naber's film adaptation of Wilhelm Hauff's Heart of Stone. Finally, in February 2015, he stepped back into the TV production spotlight after 17 years. He started acting in the ZDF crime series called Schuld. The TV series was based on Ferdinand von Schriach. Bleibtreu played the role of Friedrich Kronberg, a criminal defense lawyer, for three seasons. Following wide positive feedback by fans on his Facebook page whether there should be a sequel to the 2001 classic German stoner film Lammbock, Bleibtreu announced in November 2015 that the sequel would be titled Lommbock. Filming began in summer 2016 and the film premiered in 2017. He played a main role in the musical adaptation, "I've Never Been to New York", which was first shown in cinemas in Germany in October 2019. He worked alongside a couple other famous actors and actresses such as Katharina Thalbach, Heike Makatsch, and Uwe Ochsenknecht in movies such as I've Never Been to New York and Love Your Neighbour. Bleibtreu then began his journey as a director in September 2020 with his film "Cortex". He premiered his film at the Hamburg Film Festival in October 2020. The next year he worked in a six-part RTL drama series called "Faking Hitler".

Directing Career
Moritz Bleibtreu began his career in directing in 2019 with his film Cortex which released in theaters on October 22, 2020. He said in an interview with the German Films Quarterly that the film was "very personal to him" as he directed the psychological thriller. Bleibtreu exclaimed that the motivation behind him directing his film was that "... he believed he wanted to watch a film like this himself". He also said that "directing was not an escape from acting, but rather just another challenge for his journey". Not only did Bleibtreu direct the film, but he also played the lead role of a security officer named Hagen. According to IMDb with 540 viewer ratings, Cortex received a 5.3 out of 10 stars. German film critic, Christopher Diekhaus, said in a review that "Bleibtreu finds his own way to challenge and captivate the audience". He also says it "creates an abysmal pull and makes you want to watch it several times to better understand the dance between dream and reality".

Controversy
Bleibtreu decided in April 2021 to join the #allesdichtmachen campaign. This campaign was meant for people to give advice or measures that they would take to stop COVID-19 from spreading. There were about 50 other actors along with Bleibtreu that joined in on this movement. When an advertising partner decided to step in and talk to him about how this could affect his career and future, he decided it was best to not send out the video that he made for the campaign.

title: Moritz Bleibtreu


text:
Thomas Bodström

Thomas Lennart Bodström (born 9 April 1962) is a Swedish former politician of the Swedish Social Democratic Party. He is also a former footballer, and is best remembered for representing Allsvenskan side AIK between 1987 and 1989.

Political career
Thomas Bodström was the Swedish Minister for Justice in the two last succeeding governments of the Swedish Prime Minister Göran Persson, from 2000 to 2006. From October 2006 until October 2010, he was the chairman of the Riksdag committee for judicial issues. When the new parliament, that was elected in 2010, was inaugurated, Bodström lost his position as a committee chairman. Bodström shortly afterwards requested half-time leave of absence from his seat in the parliament, combined with half-time parental leave, in order to relocate to the USA together with his family. His request for leave of absence was denied by the Social Democratic group leader in the parliament, and Bodström has thus left his seat in the Parliament. His part-time parental leave was already granted from the Swedish Social Insurance Administration. Thomas Bodström is also active as the chairman of the children's rights organization ECPAT Sweden.

Thomas Bodström is the son of Lennart Bodström, who was Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1982 to 1985 in the Olof Palme government. In his youth, however, Thomas Bodström was not involved in party politics. Instead, his first brush with media attention came as a football player in AIK, a team in the Premier Division of the Swedish Football league, 1987–1989. In 1990, he graduated from Stockholm University with a Degree of Master of Laws, LL.M. After that, he worked as a lawyer for ten years. During his career, he took interest in international affairs, and in 1999, he joined the board of the Swedish branch of the international organisation Lawyers Without Borders.

However, when Prime Minister Göran Persson announced his new cabinet appointment on 11 October 2000, Bodström was a completely unknown face to most of the political journalists attending the press conference. At the time, he was not even a member of the Social Democratic Party. Although Bodström was unaccustomed to national politics at the time, he has managed to keep his job, despite calls for his resignation, especially loudly voiced after several high-profile prison breaks during the summer of 2004.

He has written a book, 700 dagar i Rosenbad (700 days in Rosenbad), about his experiences as a newcomer in the government.

Controversy
At the time of his appointment, Bodström revealed in an interview that he had used hashish in his youth, and also, that he on several occasions had employed a person in his home without paying the appropriate taxes.

During his term in office, Bodström was heavily criticized by advocates of privacy and liberal think tanks, as he is said to have worked towards giving the police the possibility of monitoring people who might be involved in minor crimes, as well as other things that could be seen as intrusive to privacy.

On 23 August 2010, during an interview by Swedish Radio, in light of the current drug testing debate, the reporter asked Bodström if he was willing to participate in a drug test. Bodström at first agreed, but when the nurse explained that he would be tested for amphetamines, hashish, opiates, and benzodiazepines, he changed his mind, and said, "I don't feel like doing it now. I am sweating too much."

The Pirate Party defended his right not to take the test in reference to their views on privacy.

Since mid-2011, Bodström has been an expert commentator on law on the crime reality TV show Efterlyst on TV3.

Football career
Bodström played professional football in the 1980s as a defender and represented Allsvenskan club AIK between 1987 and 1989, making a total of 48 league appearances and scoring three goals for the club. Prior to representing AIK, he also played for Spånga IS and Enköpings SK FK.

title: Thomas Bodström


text:
Spofford

Spofford may refer to:
 * Spofford, New Hampshire
 * Spofford Lake
 * Spofford Juvenile Center, New York City
 * Spofford, Texas
 * Spofford (play), a 1967 play

People with the surname

 * Ainsworth Rand Spofford (1825–1908), Librarian of Congress, 1864–1897
 * Charles Spofford (1902–1991), lawyer
 * Edward Spofford, American professor of literature
 * Harriet Elizabeth Prescott Spofford (1835–1921), American writer
 * Henry M. Spofford (1821–1880), 19th-century Louisiana politician
 * Sally Hoyt Spofford (1914–2002), American ornithologist
 * William B. Spofford (1921–2013), Episcopal bishop

title: Spofford


text:
Sanakht

Sanakht (also read as Hor-Sanakht) is the Horus name of an ancient Egyptian king (pharaoh) of the Third Dynasty during the Old Kingdom. His chronological position is highly uncertain (though he is more likely to have reigned towards the end of the dynasty), and it is also unclear under which Hellenized name the ancient historian Manetho could have listed him. Many Egyptologists connect Sanakht with the Ramesside cartouche name Nebka. However, this remains disputed because no further royal title of that king has ever been found; either in contemporary source or later ones. There are two relief fragments depicting Sanakht originally from the Wadi Maghareh on the Sinai Peninsula.

Identity
Sanakht's identity and position in the Third Dynasty is not entirely clear and remains the subject of debate. While Sanakht's existence is attested by seal fragments from mastaba K2 at Beit Khallaf and a graffito, his position as the founder of the Third Dynasty, as recorded by Manetho and the Turin Canon, has been seriously undermined by recent archaeological discoveries at Abydos. These discoveries establish that it was likely Djoser who helped bury—and thus succeed—Khasekhemwy, rather than Sanakht. This is determined from seals bearing Djoser's name found at the entrance to the latter's tomb. Proponents of the theory that Sanakht was nonetheless the founder of the dynasty object that the presence of Djoser's seals in Khasekhemwy's tomb only shows that Djoser conducted cultural rituals in honor of this king, and does not necessarily imply that Djoser was Khasekhemwy's immediate successor. Sanakht could then have married Queen Nimaethap, with Nimaethap being the daughter of Khasekhemwy rather than his wife. Together with Sanakht, they could be the parents of Djoser. Alternatively, some have considered Sanakht to be Djoser's elder brother.

Presently, the dominant theory is that Sanakht's reign dates to the later Third Dynasty, after Djoser. Egyptologists Toby Wilkinson, Stephan Seidlmayer, Kenneth Kitchen and Rainer Stadelmann equate Sanakht with "Nebka", a name appearing in Ramesside king lists. In support of this theory is a clay seal fragment on which the lower part of a cartouche appears. In this cartouche Wilkinson, Seidlmayer and Stadelmann see traces of a Ka-sign, the end of the name "Nebka". Likewise, Dietrich Wildung favors equating Nebka with Sanakht, although he questions the validity of the seal as evidence given that it is too badly damaged to read the inscription within the cartouche as "Nebka" with any certainty.

John D. Degreef, Nabil Swelim and Wolfgang Helck are against equating Nebka with Sanakht. They refer to the fact that the name "Nebka" is not attested on any monument nor in any document dating to before Djoser. Instead, Nabil Swelim identifies Nebka with the Horus name Khaba. He further identifies Sanakht with a king Mesochris mentioned by Manetho, regarding this as a Hellenized form of the throne name of Sanakht. He dated Sanakht's reign to between the seventh and eighth king of the Third Dynasty.

Jürgen von Beckerath, Wolfgang Helck, Dietrich Wildung and Peter Kaplony proposed that Sanakht's Horus name is that of the shadowy Horus Sa, seeing the name "Sa" as a short form of "Sanakht". From this, Wolfgang Helck holds that Sanakht's Nisut-Biti name was Weneg. King Weneg, however, is widely held to have ruled during the Second Dynasty, and Helck's theory has been greeted with skepticism.

Sanakht's name was once read "Hen Nekht" by Egyptologists such as Ernest Wallis Budge. Today, this reading is not in use anymore; the up-to-date reading is "Sanakht" or (seldom) "Nakht-Sa".

Reign
The exact duration of Sanakht's time on the throne is unknown. Unlike Djoser, few relics survive from his reign, which casts serious doubts on the traditional figure of 18 years of reign for this king, as given by both Manetho and the Turin Canon. It must be stressed that the Turin Canon and Manetho were more than one and two thousand years removed from the time of Egypt's Third Dynasty, and would be expected to contain some inaccurate or unreliable data. The Turin Canon, for instance, was transcribed on papyri that dates to the reign of the New Kingdom king, Ramesses II, who ruled Egypt from 1279–1213 BC.

Very little is known of Sanakht's activities during his reign. The presence of reliefs depicting him in the Sinai at Wadi Maghareh together with those of Djoser and Sekhemkhet suggest an important Egyptian presence there at the time of the Third Dynasty. Expeditions were launched to that location for the procurement of mineral resources, in particular turquoise.

Tomb
The location of Sanakht's tomb is not known with certainty. It was long thought that Sanakht's tomb was the large mastaba K2 at Beit Khallaf, as excavations there yielded relief fragments bearing his name. However, some Egyptologists now regard this mastaba as the burial of a high official, prince or queen rather than that of a pharaoh, while others continue to support the first hypothesis.

In the mastaba were found the skeletal remains of a man over tall. According to Charles S. Myers, this stature was considerably taller than the 1.67 m average of prehistoric and later Egyptians. The specimen's skull was very large and capacious. Although his cranial index was unusually broad and almost brachycephalic, the proportions of his long bones were tropically adapted like those of most other ancient Egyptians; especially those from the predynastic period. His overall cranial features, however, were closer to those of dynastic period Egyptian skulls.

Consequently, the mastaba has been associated with an anecdote related by Manetho in which he tells of a late Second Dynasty king, called Sesochris, who he describes as being particularly tall. The Egyptologist Wolfgang Helck proposed another hypothesis; namely, that Sanakht's tomb is an unfinished structure west of the pyramid of Djoser.

While the case of Sanakht has often appeared in the medical literature as a potential case of pituitary disease, no definitive consensus has existed for many years on whether it was acromegaly or gigantism. In 2017 palaeopathologist Francesco M. Galassi and Egyptologist Michael E. Habicht from Zurich University's Institute of Evolutionary Medicine coordinated an international team of researchers to reassess this case. Their conclusion was that the alleged remains of Sanakht are clearly the oldest known case of gigantism in the world.

title: Sanakht


text:
Milsons Point

Milsons Point is a suburb on the lower North Shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The suburb is located 3 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of North Sydney Council.

Milsons Point is also the geographical feature that juts into Sydney Harbour from the northern side, directly opposite Sydney Cove, the spot where the first European settlement was established in 1788.

Milsons Point was named after James Milson, one of the earliest settlers.

History

Milsons Point was named after James Milson, a free settler originally from Lincolnshire. Milson settled in the area near Milsons Point and established a profitable business supplying ships with stone ballast, fresh water, and the produce of his dairy, orchard, and vegetable gardens. In the early 1820s, Milson settled in the vicinity of Jeffrey Street, Kirribilli, on 120 acres of land he leased from Robert Campbell. In 1824 Milson received a 50-acre grant of his own adjoining Campbell's land (which is marked on the 1840s map above). In 1826 a bushfire raged through the area destroying Milson's home, orchard and dairy and farm which he subsequently rebuilt (refer to 1840s map). In 1831 Campbell was involved with Milson in a court action over Milson's non-payment of the lease of the 120 acres. Milson lived in the vicinity of Jeffrey Street until 1831 when he built a new home, "Brisbane House", on his 50 acres facing Lavender Bay. The next home he built, also on his 50 acres, was called "Grantham". By the 1840s, Milson was leasing only the portion Campbell's 120 acres that contained Milson's orchard in the vicinity of Jeffrey Street. In 1872, Milson died at home at "Grantham" in the modern suburb of Milsons Point in what was then called the Municipality of East St Leonards.

The last of the family's holdings in the lower North Shore area were resumed in the early 1920s for the construction of the Harbour Bridge and associated roadways.

Heritage listings
Milsons Point has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 * North Shore railway: Milsons Point railway station
 * 1 Olympic Drive: Luna Park Sydney
 * Bradfield Highway and North Shore railway: Sydney Harbour Bridge

Population
In the 2021 Census, there were 2,529 people in Milsons Point. 42.9% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were China 7.2%, England 5.9%, India 4.2%, Hong Kong 4.0%, and Malaysia 2.4%. 59.0% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 8.0%, Cantonese 7.8%, Japanese 1.8%, Korean 1.8%, and Hindi 1.7%. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 39.9%, Catholic 19.6%, Anglican 9.9%, and Hinduism 4.3%.

Transport
Milsons Point supports the northern end of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Milsons Point is well connected with the CBD of Sydney by the bridge, ferries and trains. The Warringah Freeway provides a link south to the Sydney CBD and north to Chatswood.

Milsons Point railway station is on the northern approach to the Sydney Harbour Bridge. The Milsons Point ferry wharf, serviced by the Balmain, Pyrmont Bay and Rydalmere ferry lines, is located to the west of the bridge in the south-west part of the suburb. In addition to rail services, Milson's Point is serviced by buses that run to the Lower North Shore and Northern Beaches. School Buses leave from Bradfield Park to transport students to schools in North Sydney.

Commercial area
Milsons Point has a mixture of residential and commercial development.

Notable residents

 * Michael Stutchbury

Sport and recreation
Milsons Point has the entertainment centre Luna Park and the North Sydney Olympic Pool.

Schools
Schools in the area include the Catholic schools Loreto Kirribilli for girls and St Aloysius' College for boys.

Churches

 * Chinese Christian Church

title: Milsons Point


text:
Miller v. Johnson

Miller v. Johnson, 515 U.S. 900 (1995), was a United States Supreme Court case concerning "affirmative gerrymandering/racial gerrymandering", where racial minority-majority electoral districts are created during redistricting to increase minority Congressional representation.

Background
Only one of Georgia's ten congressional districts was primarily African American between 1980 and 1990. According to the 1990 census, Georgia's increase in population entitled the state to an eleventh congressional seat. That prompted Georgia's General Assembly to re-draw the state's congressional districts. After the Justice Department denied several of the Assembly's proposed new districts, as the state's population was 27% African-American, but formed a majority in only one of the now 11 districts, the Assembly drew the 11th district to create a second majority-black district. However the district lacked any sort of organic structure, and was deemed a "geographic monstrosity" because it extended approximately 260 square miles from Atlanta to the Atlantic Ocean. The case was brought to court by white voters in the Eleventh Congressional District of the state of Georgia.

Question before the Supreme Court
Is racial gerrymandering of the congressional redistricting process a violation of the Equal Protection Clause?

Decision of the Court
Justice Kennedy wrote the majority opinion for the Court. Ruling against the district, the Court declared the district unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, according to the interpretation in Shaw v. Reno (1993). The court noted that in some instances, "a reapportionment plan may be so highly irregular and bizarre in shape that it rationally cannot be understood as anything other than an effort to segregate voters based on race." Citing Shaw v. Reno, the majority concluded that strict scrutiny is required whenever race is the "overriding, predominant force" in the redistricting process. Justice Sandra Day O'Connor wrote a concurrence, while Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg wrote a dissent joined by Justices John Paul Stevens, Stephen G. Breyer, and David H. Souter. Stevens wrote an additional, separate dissent joined by no other justice.

title: Miller v. Johnson


text:
Spring Bay

Spring Bay may refer to:

Australia

 * Municipality of Spring Bay, Tasmania

Canada

 * Spring Bay, Ontario
 * Spring Bay, Saskatchewan

United States

 * Spring Bay, Illinois
 * Spring Bay Township, Woodford County, Illinois

title: Spring Bay


text: Category:1955 in sports

title: Category:1955 in sports


text:
Talk:Differential amplifier

differential amplifier

Added differential amplifier schematic. Rohitbd 10:45, 19 December 2005 (UTC)

Isn't it a bit confusing that there are two incompatible expressions for Vout? Isn't the real situation that Vout is a sum of Ad(...) + Ac(...) ? Perhaps this is obvious to everyone, but I am worried that someone unfamiliar to electronics and/or engineering-math, might be confused, and draw erroneous conclusions. --Avl 10:28, 9 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Made the change. Hope it is clearer now. Rohitbd 16:35, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I like your version better. Thanks. — Omegatron 16:45, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
 * My pleasure...! :-) Rohitbd 19:46, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I think it is easy to understand now. Good work! --Avl 10:05, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

gain etc
This article is very difficult to follow, for example, neither common mode gain nor differential mode gain are defined and average reader wouldn't even have a clue what an op amp is. --RichardJ Christie 11:48, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

How can both sides be the same?
The diagram seems contradictory. If you increase the Vin for either side, the corresponding Vout will drop. While this might make sense for the negative side, how does it make sense for the positive side? How does it make sense that increasing the voltage on Vin+ will decrease the voltage on Vout+ ? 69.226.224.138 17:56, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

 * The gain is negative, by convention. - mako 19:31, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

but still even if the gain is negative that means if we inc the Vin for negative side then Vout will increase...pls explain —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.94.208.55 (talk) 21:19, August 26, 2007 (UTC)

patent
The article mentions that the long tailed pair was patented by Blumlein in 1936. What is the patent number? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by TobinFricke (talk • contribs).
 * I think the article refer to the uk patent 482,470 who deal with a differential pair. But if i refer to the analog's book Op Amp Applications Handbook the inventor of the long tailed pair seem to be O. H. Schmitt in 1938. Yves-Laurent 23:48, 20 August 2007 (UTC)

Examples: Long Tailed Pair
If the diff amp is analzed as a cascade of 2 single ended amplifiers, the first amplifier acts as an emitter follower (aka common collector ) amplifier and drives the second amplifier, acting as common base amplifier. The article is erroneous in calling the 2nd amplifier of the cascade a common emitter amplifier. The input to a common base amplifier is its emitter as stated; the emitter could not be an input to a common emitter amplifier because it is common to both the input and output.

Also the article should describe the circuit's action from input to output, with the emitter follower's action described first.

The differential amplifier has excellent performance for single ended signals, and indeed is most frequently found amplifying them as the input of an operational amplifier. The reason for this excellent single ended performance is that the emitter follower amplifies only current, while the common base transistor amplifies only voltage. This circumvents the speed limitations of the Miller effect which is present in the common emitter amplifier connection. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.243.35.178 (talk) 22:57, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

Emitter constant current source
The following section was removed from the above metioned section. Its more confusing than helpfull, and partially doubling existing parts.--Ulrich67 (talk) 19:02, 11 November 2015 (UTC)

 * "The same arrangement is widely used in cascode circuits as well. It can be generalized by an equivalent circuit consisting of a constant current source loaded by two connected in parallel voltage sources with equal voltages. The current source determines the common current flowing through the voltage sources while the voltage sources fix the voltage across the current source. The emitter current source is usually implemented as a common-emitter transistor stage with constant base voltage driving with current the two common-base transistor stages. So, this arrangement can be considered as a cascode consisting of cascaded common-emitter and common-base stages."

Biasing
Wording of footnote nb4 was confusing. It began "It is interesting fact that the negative feedback as though has reversed the transistor behavior . . ." I reworded it to begin " Interestingly, it is as though the negative feedback has reversed the transistor behavior . . ." If I misinterpreted it, please improve my wording. Hebeckwith (talk) 08:31, 27 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Differential amplifier


text:
Spring Brook

Spring Brook may refer to

 * Spring Brook Township, Kittson County, Minnesota
 * Spring Brook (Susquehanna River tributary), a river in New York
 * Spring Brook (Beaver Kill), a river in New York
 * Spring Brook Township, Pennsylvania
 * Spring Brook, Wisconsin
 * Spring Brook (Lackawanna River)
 * Spring Brook (Santa Ana River), California
 * Spring Brook, a small river in southeast London, England; a tributary of the River Ravensbourne

title: Spring Brook


text:
Frank Kitts

Sir Francis Joseph Kitts (1 May 1912 – 16 March 1979) was a New Zealand politician. Originally from the South Island, he served in the military and later was a civil servant before entering politics with the Labour Party. He was the Member of Parliament for between  and 1960. He was also the longest-serving Mayor of Wellington, holding the post from 1956 to 1974. He was also a member at various times of several other local bodies and was still an elected official at his death.

Early life
Kitts was born in Waimate, the son of an Australian quarryman, and attended Marist Brothers primary school alongside his half-brother John before completing his education at Timaru Boys' High School. He was an active athlete and was a talented swimmer also having an interest in both boxing and rugby. He was a firm believer in physical fitness and had a lifelong twice-a-day exercise regimen. Whilst still at high school he joined the branch of the Labour Party at 16, with his father's encouragement, and was branch president from 1936 to 1938. In 1938 Kitts stood unsuccessfully for the Timaru Borough Council as a Labour candidate. Kitts enlisted in the Royal New Zealand Air Force in July 1940 during World War II and served for five years with the home forces as a staff sergeant. Whilst posted in Otaki he met Iris Woodcock at the local racecourse and the two married in 1949. The couple had no children.

Following the war he moved to Wellington, and worked as a civil servant in a clerical role for the Government Stores Board. He became the vice-president of the branch of the Labour Party in 1947. He was a competent debater and was a team leader for the Wellington Metropolitan Debating Club. He held Saturday morning talks along a walking route down Bowen Street Lambton Quay and Willis Street with residents from all around Wellington, which earned him a public reputation in the city. Kitts walked the route nearly every day for the next 25 years.

Newspaper reports after his death say he was a "man of mystery" as little is known about his early life, and his Who's Who in New Zealand entries in 1971 and 1978 both start with his election to Wellington local bodies in 1950. His brother, Father John Kitts, who was chaplain at the Villa Maria Convent in Brisbane, stated that Kitts seldom spoke of his private life and his wife Iris was the only person who truly knew him.

National politics
Kitts stood unsuccessfully for Labour in two elections, in for, and in  for. He was also speculated as a potential successor to Peter Fraser in the 1951 Brooklyn by-election but declined to stand. He was finally elected as the Member of Parliament for from  to replace the retiring Charles Chapman. Given his mayoral experience the press speculated he was a likely candidate for the role of either Speaker of the House of Representatives or Chairman of Committees after the formation of the Second Labour Government. He was appointed to neither and remained a backbencher. During the government's term, Kitts was one of a group of three Labour MPs (the others being Mick Moohan and Bill Fox) who were deeply critical of the decisions made in the "Black Budget". Kitts supported the 1959 National Roads Amendment Bill, which allowed the construction of free-flowing state highways into urban centres by the government funded by petrol taxes. He also supported the controversial plan by the Ministry of Works to build the Wellington Urban Motorway through the historic Bolton Street Cemetery, arguing it was necessary for commuters to get to and from work.

He was to hold the seat to 1960, when he was unexpectedly defeated by the National candidate Dan Riddiford. He later failed to win back the electorate in 1963. Years later, ahead of the, he put himself forward for the Labour nomination to stand in the newly created electorate, but lost out to Gerry Wall. Kitts' brother said that not remaining in Parliament longer had been his biggest regret.

Local-body politics
At the 1950 local-body elections the Labour Party had no obvious mayoral candidate, and Labour activist Gerald O'Brien suggested to Kitts should stand. Kitts was reluctant but was persuaded to do so. He likewise stood for the Wellington City Council, Wellington Harbour Board and Wellington Hospital Board. He polled far better than expected for the mayoralty, but was defeated by Robert Macalister of the Citizens' Association. He was however elected to the City Council, Harbour Board and Hospital Board. In 1953 he stood again for all four offices but was again defeated by Macalister for the mayoralty. His popularity had grown significantly and was not only re-elected to the three local bodies, but topped the poll for all three, gaining more votes than any other candidate, the first time this had been achieved in Wellington history. He served on the Wellington Fire Board from 1954, the Hospital Board from 1950 to 1956 and the Harbour Board from 1950 until his death in 1979. He was also the chairman of the Wellington City and Suburban Water Supply Board, director of the New Zealand Municipalities Co-operative Insurance Company and patron of the City of Wellington Highland Pipe Band.

In 1956 Kitts was elected mayor on his third attempt, exploiting a split vote on the centre-right with Macalister running as an independent after losing the Citizens' Association nomination to Ernest Toop. He became Wellington's first Labour mayor in 46 years. He would remain Wellington's mayor for the next 18 years. During his entire mayoralty Labour never had a council majority and Kitts led Citizens' dominated councils. Accordingly, Kitts adopted a leadership style that encouraged impartial chairmanship of council committees. He was re-elected over Toop (this time his sole opponent) in 1959 despite Labour's council ticket faring much worse with its representation being halved from six seats to three. The overall anti-Labour vote (which was consistent nationwide) was attributed to the unpopularity of the then Labour government. In increasing his majority over twelve percent against the national trend newspapers lauded Kitts' win as a 'personal triumph'.

In 1962 he recorded the highest ever number of votes in a mayoral election in Wellington. He was a "full-time mayor" devoting as full working day to the role and made a point of attending to the ceremonial and social aspects of the mayoralty. He would attend thousands of meetings and functions in the city every year. This was a departure from the traditional concept of the mayoral office as a part-time role for a businessman-politician, which was used unsuccessfully by the Citizens' mayoral candidates in 1959 and 1962 as the basis for their campaigns against Kitts. This backfired on the Citizens' as many groups and businesses in the city appreciated the advent of an "open door policy" for them with the mayoral office. Kitts' had a legendary reputation for food consumption at such functions. He was said to swallow sausage rolls "like he was posting a letter" and famously devoured two cooked chickens in a single sitting.

The city continued to modernise under Kitts, one particular landmark of this was in May 1964 when the council replaced its system of trams for public transport with trolley buses. This was after a long public campaign to retain the trams led by Saul Goldsmith. Kitts himself confessed he had a secret desire to keep the trams, but as the council had a Citizen's majority he could not stop the process, describing the decision to replace them as a "retrograde step." During his mayoralty the council began its foray into public housing. In August 1965 the Hanson Court flats, with 30 low-rental units, were opened in Newtown. This opened a new a civic endeavour that was to produce multiple affordable high-density homes. This was followed by the Te Ara Hou flats, Arlington Flats and the Central Park flats among others, ultimately resulting 2,300 units making Wellington City Council one of the country's largest residential landlords. This was part of a larger urban renewal agenda promoted by Citizens' councillor George Porter, who Kitts thought of as a 'secret socialist' and was happy to support him.

In 1969 he surpassed Thomas Hislop to become Wellington's longest serving mayor. That year, Cuba Street was pedestrianised by his council to create what is now known as Cuba Mall. As mayor Kitts travelled overseas as an ambassador for the city and made a point of visiting every city named Wellington in the world. In 1971 he visited Antarctica. Like Norman Kirk, also from Waimate, he was "a big man, using his imposing six foot two inch, 17 stone frame to overshadow his opponents."

He was unexpectedly defeated by a narrow margin in 1974 by Michael Fowler. The result was so close that several re-counts were required before the final result was known, ending Kitts' record tenure as mayor, though he was still re-elected as a member of the Harbour Board.

Post mayoralty
To the surprise of most, the Third Labour Government did not appoint him to any higher office. Labour city councillor Joe Aspell said "Thousands expected Frank Kitts to be given something to make use of his considerable ability". He did become President of the Sporting Clubs Association of New Zealand. There was also speculation that he would stand for Parliament once again at the for the Wellington seat of, however he did not put himself forward for the Labour nomination.

In a surprise move, Kitts attempted a political comeback in 1977. He was again defeated by Fowler with his vote share falling further, though contrarily his vote increased for the Harbour Board, to which he was again elected. A Dominion editorial said of Kitts' candidature "No one knew what Frank Kitts did during his three years in the political wilderness and no one knew why he wanted to come back".

Death
Kitts died suddenly on 16 March 1979, aged 67, collapsing at his home after completing a morning shopping trip with his wife. His funeral was held in St Mary of the Angels and attracted over 400 mourners. Tributes were given by Kitts' successor as mayor Michael Fowler and former prime minister Bill Rowling among others. Following the service his body was taken in a civic cortège along his famous walking route along Willis Street, Lambton Quay and Bowen Street to Karori Cemetery where he was buried.

He was still a member of the Harbour Board at his death. A by-election was avoided when Terry Brandon, the highest polling unsuccessful candidate from the 1977 election, was appointed to fill Kitts' vacant seat.

Frank Kitts Park
Frank Kitts Park on Wellington's waterfront is named after him. The park, on the site formerly used for a row of wharf sheds, was opened in 1976 and after redevelopment reopened in 1990. There is a children's playground, the orange foremast recovered from TEV Wahine, and a water sculpture The Albatross by Tanya Ashken.

Honours
Kitts was known for his tireless public service, which continued after his retirement, including helping Wellington's immigrant community. In the 1966 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Knight Bachelor for services as mayor of Wellington. In the 1975 Queen's Birthday Honours, Kitts' wife, Iris, Lady Kitts, was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for services to the community as mayoress of Wellington between 1956 and 1974. Iris was well-liked as Mayoress, but attracted sympathy due to unsubstantiated innuendos about her husband being a philanderer.

The Kitts Trophy for Impromptu Speaking is awarded by the Wellington Speaking Union every year. The trophy is named after Kitts, who donated it in 1967 to encourage excellence in impromptu speaking.

title: Frank Kitts


text: Category:1957 in sports

title: Category:1957 in sports


text:
USS Darter

USS Darter has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:

 * USS Darter (SS-227), a submarine commissioned in 1943 and wrecked in 1944
 * USS Darter (SS-576), a submarine in commission from 1956 to 1989

title: USS Darter