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Los Panchos

Originally, Trio Los Panchos were a trío romántico formed in New York City in 1944 by Alfredo Gil, Chucho Navarro, and the Puerto Rican Hernando Avilés. The trio became one of the leading exporters of the bolero and the romantic ballad in Latin America.

The group sold hundreds of millions of records since its creation in the mid 1940s, some of their best known songs being their interpretations of classic folk songs such as "Besame Mucho", "Sabor a Mí", "Sin Ti", "Solamente Una Vez", "Contigo", "Quizas, Quizas, Quizas", "Contigo Aprendi", "Aquellos Ojos Verdes", "Cuando vuelva a tu lado", "Se te olvida", "El Reloj", "Noche de Ronda", "Rayito de Luna".

Los Panchos are regarded as one of the top musical trios of all time and one of the most influential Latin American artists of all time. They sold out concerts around the globe for over 70 years and have appeared in more than 50 films.

A characteristic instrument of Los Panchos and other Mexican tríos románticos since the 1950s is the requinto guitar, which is smaller and tuned higher than a standard guitar. Requinto solos are found in many bolero recordings by Los Panchos.

History
Los Panchos first met in 1944 in New York City. The three original members were Chucho Navarro, and Alfredo Gil, both from Mexico, and Hernando Avilés from Puerto Rico. All three played guitar and contributed vocally.

Los Panchos reached fame with their romantic songs, especially in Latin America where they are still regarded as one of the top trios of all time. They sold millions of records in Latin America and other countries. In the 1940s they collaborated with Alfredo Antonini's Viva America Orchestra with the orchestral accordionist John Serry Sr. in a recording of "La Palma" (a cueca) and "Rosa Negra" (a conga) for Pilotone Records (#45 5067, #45 5069). They also appeared in around 50 movies, mostly during the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.

By 1946, the trio's exceptional virtuosity and authenticity had attracted the attention of Edmund Chester at CBS Radio's Cadena de Las Americas (Network of the Americas). Los Panchos were immediately invited to perform as "musical ambassadors" on the network's Viva América program to support cultural diplomacy in twenty countries throughout Latin America and South America.

Los Panchos began touring internationally in 1946 and would relocate later that same year to Mexico City. They were welcomed with open arms and XEW-AM, the most popular radio station in Mexico City, reserved a time slot for their music. In 1951, Los Panchos launched another international tour across Latin America. Julito Rodríguez joined the group in 1952; he was replaced by Johnny Albino in 1958.

In 1964, CBS proposed to the members of the trio, then made up of the two founding members and Johnny Albino, to accompany a female voice for the first time, the American vocalist of Judeo-Spanish descent Eydie Gormé, who had several years of recording experience in the United States and who was just beginning to record in Spanish. The collaboration between Gormé and Los Panchos resulted in a series of bestselling albums in the 1960s such as Great Love Songs In Spanish (titled Amor, in Spanish). The Albino era was one of the most prosperous ones for Los Panchos, and classic albums from that time are still very popular among Los Panchos fans. His departure in 1968 was a tumultuous one, as he did not leave on good terms with the group's management.

In 1971, Ovidio Hernández joined the band as lead vocalist, a part he would fulfill until his untimely passing from complications of meningitis in 1976. Following him, Rafael Basurto Lara joined as lead singer.

Alfredo Gil played with Los Panchos until his retirement in 1981; he died in 1999. Chucho Navarro played with the group until his death in 1993. Currently the trio using the Los Panchos name is the Trio Los Panchos de Chucho Navarro Fundador ("Trio Los Panchos of Founder Chucho Navarro") under the direction of Chucho Navarro Jr., the son of original Los Panchos member Chucho Navarro.

Discography

 * 1945 – Mexicantos
 * 1946 - La Palma (Trio Los Panchos and the Viva América Orchestra conducted by Alfredo Antonini with John Serry Sr.)
 * 1949 – Ritmos tropicales
 * 1949 – Boleros selectos, Vol. 1
 * 1950 – Los Panchos Favorites
 * 1955 – Boleros selectos, Vol. 2
 * 1955 – Así cantan Los Panchos
 * 1956 – Canciones para una noche de lluvia
 * 1956 – Vaya con Dios
 * 1956 – Canciones del corazón
 * 1956 – South Of The Border - Agustín Lara Hits
 * 1956 – Mexican Holiday
 * 1957 – Eva Garza
 * 1958 – Un minuto de amor
 * 1959 – Trío Los Panchos y Chucho Martínez Gil
 * 1959 – Siete notas de amor
 * 1960 – Los Panchos con Johnny Albino cantan
 * 1960 – Canciones del corazón
 * 1960 – Los favoritos de todo el mundo
 * 1960 – Los Panchos en Tokyo
 * 1961 – Ciudadanos del mundo
 * 1961 – Ambassadors of Song
 * 1961 – Ceguera de amor
 * 1961 – Los Panchos en Japón
 * 1962 – Época de oro
 * 1962 – Los Panchos cantan tangos
 * 1962 – El Trío Los Panchos interpreta Guty Cárdenas
 * 1962 – El pecador
 * 1962 – México canta
 * 1962 – Favoritos latinos
 * 1963 – A mi madrecita
 * 1963 – Cantan a Paraguay
 * 1963 – Love Songs of the Tropics - Trio Los Panchos Sing the Songs of Rafael Hernández Marín
 * 1963 – Romantic Guitars - El Trio Los Panchos Y Las Canciones De Pedro Flores
 * 1964 – By Special Request Sing Great Love Songs In English
 * 1964 – Caminemos
 * 1964 – Amor (Great Love Songs In Spanish) (with Eydie Gormé)
 * 1964 – Los Panchos en el Japón
 * 1964 – Recuerdos...
 * 1965 – More Amor / Cuatro vidas (with Eydie Gormé)
 * 1965 – El pescador de estrellas

 * 1965 – Obsesión
 * 1965 – Los Panchos en persona
 * 1965 – Horas nuestras
 * 1966 – Que no te cuenten cuentos
 * 1966 – Celoso
 * 1966 – Blanca Navidad / Navidad Means Christmas (with Eydie Gormé)
 * 1967 – Los Panchos en estéreo, Vol. 1
 * 1967 – Con éxitos de Armando Manzanero
 * 1967 – En Venezuela
 * 1967 – Hey, Amigo! The Trío Los Panchos Sing Great Popular Country Hits in Spanish with The Jordanaires
 * 1968 – Los Panchos en estéreo, Vol. 2
 * 1968 – Gigliola Cinquetti e il Trio Los Panchos in Messico
 * 1968 – Con mariachi
 * 1970 – Liliana
 * 1970 – Los Panchos En Japón, Vol. 2
 * 1970 – Los Panchos Cantan a Agustín Lara
 * 1970 – Trío Los Panchos
 * 1971 – Volví la espalda
 * 1971 – Voces internacionales con Los Panchos
 * 1971 – Basura
 * 1971 – Háblame
 * 1972 – Lo dudo
 * 1972 – Frío en el alma
 * 1972 – Martha (with Estela Raval)
 * 1972 – Quiero
 * 1972 – Cantan al Perú
 * 1972 – Adulterio
 * 1972 – La hiedra
 * 1973 – El tiempo que te quede libre
 * 1973 – Tú me acostumbraste (with Estela Raval)
 * 1974 – Gil, Navarro y Hernández
 * 1974 – Yo lo comprendo
 * 1976 – Cantan a Latinoamérica
 * 1976 – Sabor a mí
 * 1977 – Si tú me dices ven (Lodo)
 * 1981 – España en la voz de Los Panchos
 * 1982 – Los Panchos en Brasil
 * 1985 – Homenaje a Carlos Gardel
 * 1985 – La nave del olvido
 * 1989 – Esencia romántica
 * 1991 – Siglo veinte
 * 1991 – Triunfamos
 * 1991 – Hoy

title: Los Panchos


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Willows High School

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was - no consensus

Willows High School
Barbie's school. Merge with Barbie Doll I believe? Mandel 09:58, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Since merge and delete is not a valid vote. I don't see the need for a redirect, but merge and redirect would be ok.  It's just that I don't know how often curious people will hear the term "Willows high school" and say, "I wonder if I can find out what that is by using an encyclopedia?" Geogre 17:19, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Mark Richards 17:26, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * You seemed to have voted to keep every single school at vfD without any reason or regardless of notability. Can you provide some justification, at least here?  This is a fictional school BTW. Mandel
 * See my reply on your talk page. Mark Richards 17:24, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Should we have individual articles on every Barbie car, house, wardrobe and occupation? RickK 18:58, Oct 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Maybe send certain diehard inclusionists back to high school *wink* --Improv 17:53, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nonsense.  RickK 19:04, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect. There's nothing to merge. Everyking 19:17, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Rerdirect both Willows High School and Willows, Wisconsin to Barbie. - Mike Rosoft 20:23, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Don't redirect Willows, Wisconsin to Barbie. There's a separate article there already. Mandel 04:17, Oct 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep it. Intrigue 17:14, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * There're no teachers, no alumni, no location, it wouldn't grow beyond this stub - so what's there really to keep? Mandel 03:22, Oct 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect both Willows High School and Willows, Wisconsin to Barbie. Gamaliel 19:17, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * No, keep this, its interesting. The Recycling Troll 18:36, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable fictional school. Fire Star 21:15, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Talk:Cost accounting

Substantial Edits Required on Cost accounting Page
As stated in the issues listed below, Cost accounting is a subset financial accounting and used primarily for external reporting purposes. Whereas management or managerial accounting and it's various costing approaches are used for internal reporting purposes only. The Cost accounting introduction requires substantial edits to correct misleading information. The only costing application that should remain under Cost accounting is Traditional Standard Costing (TSC) that is used and complies with GAAP for inventory valuation, cost of goods sold, etc. The other approaches need to be removed from this page. They are properly listed alphabetically in Specific Methodologies under Management accounting and discussed at length on their own pages. See Figure 1, in Management accounting for a visual representation of where Cost accounting sits in the hierarchy of Enterprise Financial Management as defined by the International Federation of Accountants. Bewiki777 (talk) 21:07, 25 July 2012 (UTC)

In my point of my cost accounting is the soul of any organization.

Biased
Seem's biased towards troughoutput accounting vs. ABC, direct costing, lean accounting and other initiatives. Details on throughoutput accounting belong in it's own page. 196.40.38.104 04:38, 2 May 2007 (UTC)0

Some issues
The intro DOES need to be rewritten. The Engligh grammer is flawed. It sounds like it was written in some language other than English and then translated or written by a non-native English speaker. On top of that... it seems to provide little value in describing what cost accounting is. It's more of a sales pitch on justifying the need for cost accounting. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.29.250.2 (talk) 15:32, 4 November 2011 (UTC)

The article states that "Cost accounting does not follow GAAP". However, in IFRS and US GAAP the valuation of inventory and work-in-progress is based on cost. GAAP requires cost accounting. Organisations which report under those accounting systems will want cost accounting systems which can produce GAAP-compliant inventory valuations at a balance sheet date.

The article describes standard cost as necessarily including allocated overheads. It is possible to have a standard costing system which only includes marginal costs. The thing which distinguishes "standard cost" is the process of setting a standard, which provides the opportunity of comparing actual costs with that standard.

The real alternatives to standard cost systems are

 * actual cost systems, where an organisation measures the actual cost of products or activities; for example, a construction company measuring the actual cost of a new building;

 * hybrids with some actual and some standard costs. For example, an IT services company might measure the actual numbers of hours which its staff spend on a particular project, but value the cost per hour using a standard rate for each member of staff.

The "weaknesses of standard cost accounting" as described in the article are mostly issues of using a full-cost including allocated overheads as a basis of setting minimum sales prices.

I do not think that you would be able to prove the assertion that "modern companies have few truly variable costs". This might be true for manufacturing companies with high-value, long-life capital equipment, but it is not true for for services companies or organisations which outsource their supply. Wait long enough and everything is variable.

"Throughput accounting" as described in the article is not cost accounting. The example is using a calculation of contribution per hour from the constrained resource (the metal shop).

Swinnow16 22:27, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

Agree that the "Cost accounting does not follow GAAP" comment is suspect, especially if GAAP = US-GAAP. US-GAAP pretty much forces the use of cost accounting; in particular the matching principle, which derives from the historical-cost and revenue-recognition principles. If an expense can be treated as an expense at the time it is incurred, then there is little or no need to cost anything. See Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States).

However, I believe "modern companies have few truly variable costs" is fair enough, although the statement could do with some clarification. All expenses will vary with time. To be "variable" in this context, they have to vary with activity without inherently changing the business (excludes restructuring). Agree that outsourcing, like casual-labour, is usually variable.

130.216.122.34 23:01, 11 September 2007 (UTC)

There is a difference between the costs assessed for financial accounting purposes and the costs that are relevant in a managerial situation. In the managerial situation costs are prepared in such a manner as to MAXIMIZE usefulness. In some situations this involves current costs not historical costs. Furthermore, cost accounting is forward looking, and many/most historical costs are ignored unless they will be incurred in the future and are not committed. Because of this, many aspects of cost accounting IGNORE GAAP, which are primarily focused on external reporting NOT internal decision making. 24.86.197.153 03:13, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

Many aspects of MANAGEMENT accounting ignore GAAP. A feature of cost accounting is cost-allocation, and this is usually done to accomodate GAAP requirements, but is often opposed for managerial decision-making (e.g., see the Lean accounting page). This argues that cost accounting is part of financial accounting, not management accounting. I suspect this article needs to make this distinction clearer, and the GAAP requirements are probably part of this distinction.

Trevithj (talk) 23:40, 15 September 2008 (UTC)

Cost Accounting systems indeed a benchmark in Management.
Total internal management system of any houses will be in dark without implementation of Cost Accounting System.

The price implication of any Product totally depends on the segregation of direct and indirect variables of the Cost. The acurate apportion of cost, gives an accurate figure of price control.

Besides that, with the develop of Competition and globalization of product an Unit or Standardize Cost Accounting System is very much required for transparency of the Stake-holders and to evaluate true & fare benchmarking of their houses.

Capital Cost or fixed cost is one of the volatile words in current throughput system of accounting. Because, nothing is fixed or secured in present life except the duration of service provided by the expenses incurred. In Cost Accounting System these calculation is vital for decision making by management expert.

Asim Mukherjee —Preceding unsigned comment added by Asim Mukherjee (talk • contribs) 15:28, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

Management and financial accounting both use "costs", but does this make them "cost accounting"? To clarify:

Financial accounting requires that expenses be associated with revenue (a GAAP requirement). I buy raw material last month, I sell it as finished goods next month. What is it this month? Not expenses (yet) but an increase in assets (value-added). It doesn't become an expense until next month when the revenue comes in (cost of goods sold). More assets are good - should I buy earlier and sell later?

Management accounting focuses on the control of working capital. I spend money last month, I get the revenue next month, this month I'm using working capital. Less working capital is good - should I buy later and sell earlier?

So "cost" can mean delayed reduction of an asset, or an immediate expense when incurred. Which one does "cost accounting" support? This needs to be clarified to give this article direction. At the moment, it seems a kind of tug-of-war between "financial cost" and "management cost". -- Trevithj (talk) 00:27, 16 September 2008 (UTC)

External link to Cost Accounting web page
I added the external link section and included a link to a website that contains also several definitions related to Costs and Costs Accounting, just to provide a different point of view. Some of the data might be similar to this and other articles included in Wikipedia, but its just to give the reader another source to confirm what he has encountered or in a different case, to possibly find what he or she was looking for. I like very much Wikipedia and try to contribute as much as I can, in English and Spanish. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Alfonso13 (talk • contribs) 13:56, 31 October 2008 (UTC)

Proposed rewrite of cost classification section. Suggestion
I am preparing for a class on engineering economics (civil engineering) which uses a fair amount of cost accounting material. I am trying to work this article into the syllabus but it doesn't lend itself to the task. The terminology varies between the economics, accounting, and engineering practices. It would be helpful to work more of the article into a narrative form. Currently, the article is a bullet list with a few inline citations. The first part of this project will try to rewrite the classification of cost section using the narrative material in The Economics of Business Costs, Walter B. McFarland, The Accounting Review, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Jun., 1940), pp. 196-204, American Accounting Association. The author and others wrote extensively on cost accounting topics. Cheers ... Risk Engineer (talk) 19:29, 27 December 2018 (UTC)
 * McFarland, Walter B. “The Basic Theory of Standard Costs.” The Accounting Review, vol. 14, no. 2, 1939, pp. 151–158..
 * McFarland, Walter B. “Cost Analysis for Equipment Replacement.” The Accounting Review, vol. 22, no. 1, 1947, pp. 58–64..
 * Benninger, L. J. “The Traditional vs. the Cost Accounting Concept of Cost.” The Accounting Review, vol. 24, no. 4, 1949, pp. 387–391..
 * Staubus, George J., et al. “Direct, Relevant or Absorption Costing?” The Accounting Review, vol. 38, no. 1, 1963, pp. 64–74..

Clarification
I'm relatively new to editing in Wikipedia and I've just noticed, reading this talk page, that there seems to be an unwritten rule to not edit pages even if grammatical errors are spotted. I've unknowingly edited a bunch of things on this page - I hope it doesn't get reverted...

Are there any user-made guidelines for editing that are not written on the Wikipedia FAQ pages that I should know about? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Leighla SW (talk • contribs) 15:36, 16 July 2019 (UTC)

 * There's no such rule. By all means, fix grammatical errors wherever you find them. Do keep WP:ENGVAR in mind, though. For example you should not change 'labor' to 'labour' as you did. - MrOllie (talk) 15:40, 16 July 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cost accounting


text:
John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp of Somerset

John de Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp de Somerset (20 January 1329 – 8 October 1361) was an English peer.

Origins
He was born at Stoke-sub-Hamdon in Somerset, the eldest son and heir of John de Beauchamp, 2nd Baron Beauchamp of Hatch Beauchamp in Somerset by his wife Margaret St. John.

Career
He was Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1359 to about 1361. King Edward III issued a commission to Beauchamp from 1359 to act as Warden and Keeper of the Ports of Kent. In 1359 he participated in the expedition to Gascony by King Edward III. In 1360 he was appointed Admiral of the Fleet.

Marriage
He married Lady Alice Beauchamp, daughter of Sir Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick (who was no relation to the Beauchamp family of Hatch ) by his wife Katherine Mortimer. The marriage was without progeny.


text:
Talk:Commander-in-Chief, India

comments
Both external links show 	General Sir Alan Hartley as preseeding Wavell. This is wrong.

http://www-archives.chu.cam.ac.uk/perl/node?a=a&reference=CHAR%2020%2F68A-B

04 Jan 1942
 * ''Telegram from WSC to the Viceroy and Governor-General of India [2nd Lord Linlithgow, earlier Lord Hopetoun] refusing to remove General Sir Claude Auchinleck from command in Middle East [? to be Commander-in-Chief, India], asks if [? General Sir Alan Hartley, General Officer Commanding- in-Chief, Northern Command, India] or [? General Sir William Platt, General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, East African Command] would be acceptable.

04 Jan 1942
 * ''Telegram from WSC to General Sir Archibald Wavell, Commander-in-Chief, India [and Supreme Commander, South West Pacific], advising he should set up his headquarters in Java [Dutch East Indies, later Indonesia] as also advised by the United States.

http://www.fepow-community.org.uk/Research/London_Gazette/Burma_Dec_1941_to_May_1942/ Section 14:
 * ''On 30th December, 1941, I received a telegram appointing me to the newly constituted South-West Pacific Command (afterwards known as A.B.D A.). Burma was included in this Command. I at once recommended that the defence of Burma should remain the responsibility of Commander-in-Chief, India, for the same reasons for which I had previously urged its transfer to India from the Far East Command (see paragraph 3). I was, however, overruled on the grounds that Marshal Chiang-Kai-Shek must feel himself connected with the new South West Pacific Command. I think that this decision was a serious error from the military point of view.... General Sir Alan Hartley who succeeded me as Commander-in-Chief, India', did everything possible to meet Burma's requirements.

Section 21
 * On 23rd February I was ordered to close down A.OB.D.A. Command Headquarters and to reassume my appointment as Commander-in-chief, India. I thus against became responsible for the defence of Burma within a few days of having handed it over.' [sic (the "OB" and "against" are in the source) PBS]

Please see Talk:American-British-Dutch-Australian Command for more details. User:Philip Baird Shearer October 11 2004

Indian Commanders-in-Chief
Shouldn't this list also include Field Marshal Cariappa and General Maharaj Rajendrasighji as well? AFAIK, they, too served as military Commanders-in-Chief of India until India became a Republic in 1950. --Kunal (Talk) 20:57, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

Rank and title

 * This is a list of people who were the military Commander-in-Chief, India. The rank and title are the final for the person's career and not necessarily applicable to his tenure as Commander-in-Chief.

For the last section this is clearly not true (probably others but I have not checked them). A number who are listed as General were Field Marshals by the end of their careers. Either the list needs amendment or this sentence needs changing to the rank they held during their time as C-in-C. --Philip Baird Shearer 10:03, 27 June 2007 (UTC)

1951?
At the moment the article's second paragraph reads: "Following the creation of the Republic of India in 1951, the post was merged into the new office of President of the Republic of India. Thus, the Indian President is Commander in Chief of the Indian Armed Forces." The Republic of India was created in 1950. So, is "1951" a simple error, or is this a poorly phrased way of saying that the change came about by statute (or even a constitutional amendment) a little while after the Constitution took effect? Andrew Gwilliam (talk) 03:38, 21 June 2011 (UTC).

Career Soldiers or Mercenaries?
India till 1858 was ruled by East India Company, a private firm and not the British Government. By being in the pay of East India Company, this makes those marked as Commanders-in-Chief mercenaries of fortune and not a career soldier in India, even if they are career soldiers elsewhere. Should they be called Commanders-in-Chief of India or Heads of the East India Troops in India? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.242.63.60 (talk) 04:30, 26 September 2014 (UTC)

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Stars?
Just a question, would it be beneficial to find out what “stars” the position held, and add it? Did it have any stars at all? We’re they even considered a thing? 162.157.81.204 (talk) 02:21, 7 June 2020 (UTC)

Stars?
I think the title explains: how many stars? 4, 5 or 3? Did they have any at all? We’re stars even a thing then? Sorry, I have no info on the subject, but I hope someone does! 162.157.81.204 (talk) 02:23, 7 June 2020 (UTC)

What does CinC mean?
I've been going through some sources (mostly ODNB and the like) to try and fix some dates in this list, and have found myself changing quite a bit. I've stopped now because I'm rather unsure of my actions. What position did someone have to hold to be determined CinC in the early days? For example John Caillaud's ODNB page says that he "was put in command of the Bengal army in November 1759", but there's nothing saying he was CinC between February and December 1760. Furthermore, this source records that Stringer Lawrence replaced Adlercron as CinC when the latter was returned to England with his regiment on 11 November 1757. This of course eats into the dates that the article provides for Clive's first term as "CinC". Clive's ODNB records that he was at this time second-in-command of an expedition to Bombay and Governor of Fort St David. Is this the same thing as CinC or something else?

The aforementioned and linked source goes on to record Lawrence as resigning his second term on 9 April 1759, which again messes up the extant dates. A "Major Brereton" of the 79th is then recorded as taking over as CinC, and I don't even know who he is! Per the source, Lawrence then returns to India for a third term as "Commander-in-Chief of all the Company's forces" on 2 October 1761, and he left his position for a final time on 3 April 1766. Again, this destroys the current narrative. Another example of my confusion might be with John Carnac's service, which is recorded as firstly between December 1760 and April 1761. Carnac's ODNB describes him as "major of the company's forces in Bengal" at this time - is this Commander in Chief, India? I'll stop blathering on now, but I hope I've gotten the gist of the issue across. Thanks, Pickersgill-Cunliffe (talk) 15:39, 27 July 2022 (UTC)
 * I've been looking at these lists and have a number of the same concerns for the early days. In some cases, the first few officers were commanding no more than a couple of regiments, and thus would hardly have been worthy of the title of "Commander-in-Chief." There's also hardly any contemporary references to this title "Commander-in-Chief, India," and I've just rechecked Clive: Heaven-Born General and found no reference to the title whatsoever. Basically our list is based on two internet sources (T.F. Mills and B.R.), which are not reliable enough. I believe we should remove the unbroken list from Stringer Lawrence onward and only list commanders after the Government of India Act 1858, in accordance with the intro section at Bengal Army. The presidency army commanders' lists are more reliable, it appears. Buckshot06 (talk) 02:57, 24 March 2024 (UTC)
 * A difficult one; it might be necessary to go through each individual officer to check, as I'm aware that the title may have been given out on an ad hoc basis even if it was not as clear cut as the article suggests. I'll try and take a look at this in the coming weeks, but please feel free to chop and change it as you feel necessary. Pickersgill-Cunliffe (talk) 22:53, 24 March 2024 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 22:37, 20 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baron Rawlinson.jpg

title: Talk:Commander-in-Chief, India


text:
Talk:New School High School of Monmouth County

from VfD:

A high school with not yet 10 years' history and which has closed down. Though mentioned as "unique" I can't see anything with the school that distinguish it from another. No notable alumni. Mandel 10:07, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * I can see things that made it notable on a local level, while it existed. Open classroom public schools are a real minority.  At the same time, they're just a minority.  Instead of there being 20,000 schools just like it, there are probably 200 just like it, if it still existed.  Since it was 1:200 or thereabouts in the US, and since it folded, it is not notable.  It hadn't enough years for illustrious alums, doesn't seem to have affected its area to adopt more schools with that pedagogical model, and is written here as a memorial.  Delete. Geogre 17:16, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Mark Richards 17:26, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I'll just like to mention it gets 2 hits from Google, both from Wikipedia. Mandel 04:24, Oct 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Fails to meet the high bar for school notability. --Improv 17:51, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable.  RickK 19:05, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wouldn't it be simpler to make high schools an automatic subcat of ? — Bill 21:49, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It is notable not be virtue of its size or duration, but by virtue of its unique and very rare philosophical contributions. If it were just a typical local high school, I also would be voting "delete." It certainly is notable enough to be contained with the breadth of this encyclopedia. Colin 21:42 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * To be honest, this merely means not using exams and texts as school grades criteria. Part of the reason it closed down, I believed? (Failure of system?) Mandel 04:23, Oct 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep it. Intrigue 17:14, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep it. User:Mr. Ibrahim 19:24, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Possible sockpuppet. Never entered Wikipedia except for this one vote.  Do this one more time and you will be banned. Guys, you see who you're encouraging when you vote for this. Mandel 02:57, Oct 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'm intrigued, but such experiments are not new. Article does not establish sufficent notability. Gamaliel 06:39, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - Not sufficiently notable. Probably need an article on Open classroom schools generally though. --Jll 20:42, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * keep From the article: Rather than relying on tests and grades to measure student progress, the New School High School or NSHS abolished these practices and instead centered on individualized learning. I think that makes it sufficienty notable to deserve keeping Cabalamat 21:56, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Hi. I continue to maintain that the very unique characteristics of this school certainly make it eligible for an article here in wikipedia. We have to remember that wikipedia was meant to be more inclusive than an encyclopedia like Britannica. That's the attraction of it. There is no valid reason for us to remove this from wikipedia, exactly for the reason that this type of important information is available in few other places. I would like to thank everyone who has voted to keep this for their support of wikipedia's integrity and inclusive policy.Colin 15:29 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, after reading discussion and article. — siro  χ  o  00:26, Oct 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable school. Fire Star 21:16, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Agree with Colin's points for the article's existence on Wikipedia. --Andylkl 17:13, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Perry Meridian High School

Perry Meridian High School was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

Unnotable high school. Mandel 10:09, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: a big building with teachers and students in it. Geogre 17:17, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep.
 * Anonymous votes are not counted. Delete.  Non-notable.  RickK 19:05, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Fails to meet the high bar for school notability. --Improv 17:52, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete — and go vote for the "Early Delete" procedure, otherwise we'll be doing this till kingdom-come — Bill 21:47, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Fails to loft over either my quite low bar for school notability or my quite low bar for school article quality. Despite the presence of Julie Shook, who has not missed a single day of school since kindergarten. "Neither sister gave a moment's thought to missing a day of school for their grandfather's funeral, but their grandmother, Martha Shook, insisted they not miss school for the funeral. 'She said he would never forgive himself if he was the one that caused them to lose their perfect attendance'" [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 00:20, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep it. Intrigue 17:15, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep and improve all schools. Mark Richards 17:23, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Article does not establish notablility. Gamaliel 19:14, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable school. Fire Star 21:16, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - Wikipedia is not a yellow pages. BEEFSTEW score of zero. -- Cyrius|✎ 21:18, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User:Erpel~enwiki

I am working on a number of Free/Open source software projects, embedded software and Linux. Any Wikipedia contributions on my part can be situated in this area.

As a Linux kernel hacker for embedded systems, I am mainly focussing on registers, DMA, bit and bytes and interrupts (to name a few). Of course, this must all be done as efficiently as possible.

contact (IM): Jabber-> erpel@jabber.org

title: User:Erpel~enwiki


text:
Abnormality (behavior)

Abnormality (or dysfunctional behavior) is a behavioral characteristic assigned to those with conditions that are regarded as rare or dysfunctional. Behavior is considered to be abnormal when it is atypical or out of the ordinary, consists of undesirable behavior, and results in impairment in the individual's functioning. As applied to humans, abnormality may also encompass deviance, which refers to behavior that is considered to transgress social norms. The definition of abnormal behavior in humans is an often debated issue in abnormal psychology.

Abnormal behavior should not be confused with unusual behavior. Behavior that is out of the ordinary is not necessarily indicative of a mental or psychological disorder. Abnormal behavior, on the other hand, while not a mental disorder in itself, is often an indicator of a possible mental and/or psychological disorder. A psychological disorder is defined as an "ongoing dysfunctional pattern of thought, emotion, and behavior that causes significant distress, and is considered deviant in that person's culture or society". Abnormal behavior, as it relates to psychological disorders, would be "ongoing" and a cause of "significant distress". A mental disorder describes a patient who has a medical condition whereby the medical practitioner makes a judgment that the patient is exhibiting abnormal behavior based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Thus, simply because a behavior is unusual it does not make it abnormal; it is only considered abnormal if it meets these criteria. The DSM-5 is used by both researchers and clinicians in diagnosing a potential mental disorder. The criteria needed to be met in the DSM-5 vary for each mental disorder.

Unlike physical abnormalities in one's health where symptoms are objective, psychology health professionals cannot use objective symptoms when evaluating someone for abnormalities in behavior.

Several conventional criteria
There are five main criteria of abnormality. They are:
 * 1) Statistical Criterion
 * 2) Social Criterion
 * 3) Personal Discomfort (Distress)
 * 4) Maladaptive Behavior
 * 5) Deviation from Ideal

Abnormal behaviors are "actions that are unexpected and often evaluated negatively because they differ from typical or usual behavior".

The following criteria are subjective:
 * Maladaptive and malfunctional behaviors: behaviors, which, due to circumstance, are not fully adapted to the environment. Instead, they become malfunctional and detrimental to the individual, or others. For example, a mouse continuing to attempt to escape when escape is obviously impossible.
 * Behavior that violates the standards of society. When people do not follow the conventional social and moral rules of their society, the behavior is considered to be abnormal.
 * Observer discomfort. If a person's behavior brings discomfort to those in observation, it is likely to be considered abnormal.

The standard criteria in psychology and psychiatry is that of mental illness or mental disorder. Determination of abnormality in behavior is based upon medical diagnosis.

Other criteria include:
 * Statistical infrequency: statistically rare behaviors are called abnormal. Though not always the case, the presence of abnormal behavior in people is usually rare or statistically unusual. Any specific abnormal behavior may be unusual, but it is not uncommon for people to exhibit some form of prolonged abnormal behavior at some point in their lives.
 * Deviation from social norms: behavior that is deviant from social norms is defined as the departure or deviation of an individual from society's unwritten rules (norms). For example, if one were to witness a person jumping around, nude, on the streets, the person would likely be perceived as abnormal to most people, as they have broken society's norms about wearing clothing. There are also a number of criteria for one to examine before reaching a judgment as to whether someone has deviated from society's norms:
 * Culture; what may be seen as normal in one culture, may be seen as abnormal in another.
 * Situation & context one is placed in; for example, going to the toilet is a normal human act, but going in the middle of a supermarket would be most likely seen as highly abnormal, i.e., defecating or urinating in public is illegal as a misdemeanor act of indecent public conduct.
 * Age; a child at the age of three could get away with taking off clothing in public, but not a person at the age of twenty.
 * Gender: a male responding with behavior normally reacted to as female, and vice versa, is often likely to be seen as abnormal or deviant from social norms.
 * Historical context; standards of normal behavior change in some societies, sometimes very rapidly.
 * Failure to function adequately: behavior that is abnormal. These criteria are necessary to label an abnormality as a disorder, if the individual is unable to cope with the demands of everyday life. Psychologists can disagree on the boundaries that define what is 'functioning' and what is 'adequately', however, as some behaviors that can cause 'failure to function' are not seen as bad. For example, firefighters risking their lives to save people in a blazing fire may be ‘failing to function’ in the fact that they are risking their lives, and in another context, their actions could be construed as pathological, but within the context of being a firefighter said risks are not at odds with adequate functioning.
 * Deviation from ideal mental health: defines abnormality by determining if the behavior the individual is displaying is affecting their mental well-being. As with the failure to function definition, the boundaries that stipulate what 'ideal mental health' is are not clearly defined. A frequent problem with the definition is that all individuals at some point in their life deviate from ideal mental health, but it does not mean the behavior is abnormal. For example, someone who has lost a relative is distressed and deviates from "ideal mental health" for a time, but their distress is not defined as abnormal, as distress is an expected reaction.

A common approach to defining abnormality is a multi-criteria approach, where all definitions of abnormality are used to determine whether an individual's behavior is abnormal. For example, psychologists would be prepared to define an individual's behavior as "abnormal" if the following criteria are met:
 * The individual is engaging in behavior that is preventing them from functioning.
 * The individual is engaging in behavior that breaks a social norm.
 * The individual is engaging in behavior that is statistically infrequent.

A good example of an abnormal behavior assessed by a multi-criteria approach is depression: it is commonly seen as a deviation from ideal mental stability, it often stops the individual from 'functioning' in normal life, and, although it is a relatively common mental disorder, it is still statistically infrequent. Most people do not experience significant major depressive disorder in their lifetime. Thus, depression and its associated behaviors would be considered abnormal.

title: Abnormality (behavior)


text:
Talk:Rashi

Mother's name
Rashi's mother's name is most likely Leah, which was the name of the widowed vintner who lived in Troyes in the mid-11th century and wrote a responsa to the Bet Din protesting taxes on her vineyard. It is highly unlikely that there was more than one Jewish widow winemaker in Troyes at this time, and we know Rashi's mother was one. -- Esparkhu 05:12, 3 August 2006 (UTC)
 * There is no evidence that Rashi's mother's name was Miriam. -- Mapark 05:56, 10 June 2007 (UTC)
 * So how do you know she was a winemaker? -- Zsero 23:57, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

Rashi's father died when he was a child, and he was thus raised by his widowed mother. The family business was winemaking (a Respona in Tshuvot Rashi mentions him repairing wine vats during Chol Moed - something only the winemaker himself would be allowed to do), and since he was away in the Rhineland studying while his mother supported him, she must have been a vintner as well. At the least she ran the wine business and hired others to do the actually wine making. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mapark (talk • contribs) 22:16, 25 November 2007 (UTC)
 * People made wine for their own consumption. There's no evidence that the family made wine for a living.  -- Zsero (talk) 15:55, 10 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Medieval responsa show clearly that most Jews bought wine from a very small number of Jewish vintners rather than make it themselves. Mr. Gruber aside, every other Rashi scholar agrees that Rashi was a vintner. Certainly he did not earn his living as a rabbi.
 * Haym Soloveitchik writes (I don't know the source or have it in front of me) that Rashi was as likely an egg salesman as a vintner. Gruber is in good company. Avi-Gil Chaitovsky (talk) 23:53, 3 March 2009 (UTC)

Disambiguation
needs a disambiguation page for rashi are also the hindoo equivalent of zodiac signs, mentioned on the hindoo calendar page

Rashi script
There needs to be a conversion Pic from hebrew letters to Rashi letters.

Note re above comment: There is a very good 'Conversion Pic' from hebrew letters to Rashi script at the following web page:

http://www.schechter.org/sager/links/fifth/Rashi/RashiScript.html

In the table presented on that page, the Hebrew letter is always the left side and the equivalent Rashi script is the right side, for each pair.

Commentaries on Rashi`s commentary
--69.114.174.131 23:22, 4 June 2006 (UTC)You should make an article on the commentaries on Rashi,on both of Rashi`s commentaries, written by many torah scholars from the tosafits to modern day scholars.
 * Thank you for your suggestion regarding Rashi! When you feel an article needs improvement, please feel free to make whatever changes you feel are needed. Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone can edit almost any article by simply following the  link at the top. You don't even need to log in! (Although there are some reasons why you might like to…) The Wikipedia community encourages you to be bold. Don't worry too much about making honest mistakes—they're likely to be found and corrected quickly. If you're not sure how editing works, check out how to edit a page, or use the sandbox to try out your editing skills.  New contributors are always welcome. --PinchasC |  £€åV€ m€ å m€§§åg€  23:23, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism!!!
I reverted this page to a prior edit because of the worst kind of vandalism. Here is a selection of what was done to this page on 19:28, 24 August 2006 by an anonymous person from the I.p. address User:68.157.134.176.

 * The restatement of the defamatory remarks herein is further defamation. I believe that these quotations amount to graffiti, and, therefore, should be deleted immediately.--Lance6968 00:03, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Whatever. You totally misundstood the basis for me posting the remarks! Did you honestly think I posted them as graffiti? Anyway, I have put in a request for this page to be protected from anonymous users. However, the administrators told me that the vandalism is not consistent enough to protect the page. So they told me to just keep on reverting the damage (which is a bunch of B.S.). (!Mi luchador nombre es amoladora de la carne y traigo el dolor! 20:06, 26 October 2006 (UTC))

Anachronistic Image
The image shows Rashi reading a book. However, when he was alive, there were no books. Rashi read parchment scrolls.Lestrade 23:57, 5 April 2007 (UTC)Lestrade
 * Torah scrolls, probably, but the codex is a late antique invention. —Charles P._ (Mirv) 05:18, 11 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Good thinking both you editors! :) The thing that strikes me in the picture is that Rashi is writing. A model we editors could copy. ;) Alastair Haines (talk) 08:11, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

RASHI and the Development of the French Language
This article should contain RASHI's contribution to the development of the French language. --Lance6968 00:25, 4 October 2006 (UTC)
 * What contribution would that be? Zsero 23:59, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

Rashi picture
Although I think the picture is very nice, it is a copyright violation. The picture's supposed source states: "No part of this web site may be reproduced in any form or by any means without written permission." A proper (scholarly) source needs to be found, which gives the name of the artists who drew it and when the work was first created. --Ghostexorcist 10:40, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Nobody knows who drew it, or when. It's old.  Who came up with the iconic picture of Jesus that everybody recognises?  Someone hundreds of years ago, whose name has been lost.  The picture is certainly not copyright by the web site that Chesdovi took it from.  A blanket copyright statement does not cover public domain material that they included.  Zsero 14:36, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

 * The following comes from Wikipedia's "10 things you did not know about images ...

 * 3 – "Failure to provide a source (who made it) and license (how it can be used) will result in the image being deleted, possibly as soon as 48 hours. You must provide this information for all images uploaded. No ifs, ands, or buts about it. You must provide this information for all images you upload, with no exceptions, or the images will be deleted."

 * 4 – "Do not go to the nearest website and grab an image of a person/place/building. It is extremely likely that image is both copyrighted and fails our non-free content policy, which states that a non-free image may be used only when it cannot be replaced."

 * Please see also: Non-free content criteria. Number one on this page might be of some use to you, but I can suggest another route. Someone from Graphic Lab/Images to improve can possibly make a vector drawing of the portrait. It would be free of any copyright problems, but I fear they may not do anything with it since the image's source info is very weak. But for an example, one of my articles went FA and was on the Main Page. The image I used at the lead was permissible, but FA articles should only have free content as lead photos. They took another image from the page (note the old guy in blue) and created a new photo. Someone did the body, but I did the face. Most Jpeg drawings become graining and spotted when enlarged, but the best thing about vector is that you can increase or decrease the size of something without sacrificing resolution. For an example, see my main user page. The image has been blown up from its much smaller original size and it still looks good. --Ghostexorcist 18:52, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

 * This is not non-free content included under fair use or some other exception. It is free content.  It's PD-old and PD-art.  The uploader included his source; if you want the artist's name you will never get it, because it's not known.  And it's not needed. Consider the case of trad songs - sometimes songs are erronously attributed to "trad" when they're in fact still under copyright, but there are thousands of songs that are genuinely trad, and no amount of demanding will get you the author's name, but nobody would claim that they could not be reproduced on WP for that reason.  WP:Common Sense -- Zsero 20:00, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

 * No one knows who the artist is or when it was made. Therefore, it is not PD-old or PD-art. It could have been drawn 50 years ago or even less. You don't know. Every picture has to have a proof of where it came from originally. Some random website is not a credible source. Even the original uploader has no idea when the picture was made. --Ghostexorcist 20:15, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

no footnotes
The lack of references (apart from the generalized list at the bottom) severely detracts from this article. The legend, for example, is very nice, but where is it taken from?--Gilabrand 07:37, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

There is a mistake under the picture of the old Rashi text. I studied the Talmud and read and speak Hebrew very well. You can see with a magnifying glass how different the text is between Rashi's and the rest.

This is the way it should read:

An early printing of the Talmud(Ta'anit 9b); Rashi's commentary covers most of the left column starting with the large word, continouing for seven lines at the bottom of the right column. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Matania GINOSAR (talk • contribs) 06:00, 9 February 2008 (UTC)
 * No, it doesn't. What you say doesn't even make any sense - Hebrew is written right to left, so how could it start in the left column and continue into the right column?
 * In any case, it's simply not so. Rashi's commentary starts at the bottom of the right column with lo mimeimei oceanos, and continues for three lines in the left column, from batchila.  -- Zsero (talk) 01:23, 10 February 2008 (UTC)

Movie Reference
In the movie "Lucky Number Slevin", there is a character with the same name, played by the actor, Ben Kingsley. 76.171.208.137 (talk) 09:35, 30 June 2008 (UTC)   2008-06-30 T02:34 Z-7

NPoV
This page has an extreme bias; this bias exists not so much in the information presented as in the phrasing. Someone who is politically (and religiously I suppose) neutral on this topic needs to go through this article with a fine tooth comb and squash the bias. Some more references would be nice as well. Right now the article is a little lacking in that area. Gopher65 talk 00:17, 28 October 2008 (UTC)
 * It would help if you pointed out specific areas of the article that need work. --Ghostexorcist (talk) 10:41, 28 October 2008 (UTC)
 * The entire article, from top to bottom. The tone of the article is similar to what I'd expect from, say, an Apple fanboi writing about the iPhone. Every sentence has intrinsic bias in the way it is constructed. As I said, it isn't so much the information in the article, it is the way that information is phrased. Gopher65 talk 15:09, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
 * NPOV or not, do you really expect the articles on Albert Einstein and Adolf Hitler to read with the same tone? -- Zsero (talk) 19:31, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
 * ... yes, of course I do. Wikipedia is not an editorial, it is a repository of neutral facts. It is up to the reader to interpret those facts; it is not up to the writers to slant an article with tone. It is entirely possible to write an article on Einstein or Hitler without letting admiration or hatred show through. Remember: facts, not editorial. Leave the editorializing for the useless "professionals" at Faux Fox News and CNN. Gopher65 talk 03:37, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

Legends section
I take exception to the deletion of material which is sourced and referenced. Everybody knows the legend of Rashi's pregnant mother squeezing herself into the wall, and the "evidence" is there to prove it. Rashi's ancestry as a 33rd-generation descendant of Rabbi Yochanan Hasandlar is also widely discussed. Jewish children grow up with these legends, but they don't merit a place in Wikipedia? Anyone reading this article for a research project would be interested in this (deleted) information:

"On his father Yitzhak's side, Rashi has been claimed to be a 33rd-generation descendant of Rabbi Yochanan Hasandlar, who was a fourth-generation descendant of Rabban Gamaliel the Elder, who was reputedly descended from the royal house of King David. In his voluminous writings, Rashi himself made no such claim at all. The major early rabbinical source about his ancestry, Responsum No. 29 by Rabbi Solomon Luria, makes no such claim either."

"Several legends surrounding Rashi's birth have passed into Jewish folklore. Two of the most famous stories concern his conception and birth:"

"Rashi's parents were childless for many years. One day, his father, a poor vintner, found a valuable gem (some versions say a pearl). A bishop (or mighty lord) wished to acquire this jewel for decorating the church (or his vestments), however rather than have this jewel be used for such a purpose, Yitzhak threw it into the Seine. When he arrived home, a man was waiting for him. 'You threw the gemstone into the water so it wouldn't be used for idolatry,' the man told him. 'Now your wife will have a son who will illuminate the world with his Torah.' This harbinger was none other than the Prophet Elijah; the following year, Yitzhak and his wife were blessed with a son."

"Another legend relates that Yitzhak decided to move temporarily to the city of Worms, Germany. He and his wife lived in the Jewish quarter and attended the small synagogue there, awaiting the birth of their child. One day, as Yitzhak's wife was walking down the narrow alley, two large carriages came charging through the alley. There was no room to escape; she turned to the wall and pressed herself against it. According to legend, the wall softened and accommodated her pregnant form. The carriages rushed by and she was unscathed. To this day, an indentation in the size, height and shape of a woman's pregnant belly in the wall of the Rashi Shul is shown to visitors to the city."

Yoninah (talk) 08:57, 25 September 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree; in the absence of evidence WP should not present these stories as factual, but identified as legends they certainly belong in the article, just as do significant legends about other classical figures such as Archimedes, Alexander, and King Canute. -- Zsero (talk) 11:58, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

 * I propose adding the following:
 * "His fame has made him the subject of many legends. According to tradition, Rashi's father carried his religious zeal so far that he cast into the sea a gem that was much coveted by non-Jewish priests, whereupon he heard a mysterious voice which foretold him the birth of a noble son “who would illuminate the world with his Torah knowledge”. Legend states also that his mother, imperiled by two large carriages in one of the narrow streets of Worms during her pregnancy, pressed against a wall, which opened to receive her. This miraculous niche is still shown in the wall of the Rashi Shul." Chesdovi (talk) 13:31, 25 September 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree with you that the legends can be abbreviated and not told in such a storytelling fashion. But I do think that each deserves a paragraph of its own. I've gone ahead and reinserted my suggestion in the article; please feel free to edit it. Yoninah (talk) 20:52, 26 September 2009 (UTC)

Descendants
The claim that almost all Ashkenazim are descended from Rashi is not based on actual historical research, so much as on mathematical models showing that almost every Ashkenazi alive today is descended from almost every Ashkenazi of Rashi's day who had grandchildren. That some Sefardim are also descended from Rashi should be no surprise at all, but the recently added blog post doesn't tell us anything about the importance of these particular desecendants. So I've removed both claims. -- Zsero (talk) 02:33, 27 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree with this decision. Yoninah (talk) 09:08, 27 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I find it very significant as in the genealogy world, almost everyone treis to trace their lineage through Rashi if they only can. Rashi came from Rabbi Gamliel who comes from king David. I've come across so many people who want to trace themselves to King David, and this claim that close to 80% of Ashkenazim come from Rashi would mean a lot to those seeking their ancestry. As far as the source to this, I hadn't paid attention that it was only a blog post, since you were not disputing the source but rather the significance, however if Berel Wien actually did write this, then that would be a good source and I think it should be in the article. Shlomke (talk) 20:35, 29 October 2009 (UTC)
 * All I can do is restate my objection above: as far as I can tell this claim, whether Wein said it or not, is not based on any actual historical research, but on a mathematical projection. As such it is meaningless.  You want to be descended from Rashi, because of his alleged descent from Dovid?  Be my guest; but you may just as well make the claim to Davidic descent directly, since under the same theory almost all Jews alive today — and a good many non-Jews — are descended from Dovid.  Now if there were actual evidence for the claim, i.e. someone had shown not only that >80% of Ashkenazim ought to be descended from Rashi but that they actually are, that would be significant and should be in the article.  -- Zsero (talk) 21:12, 29 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I disagree with you. If Berel Wein has actually stated this, even as a mathamatical projection, it would deserve to be in the article stated as such: a mathematical projection. However since the blog poster has not posted a source from Wein about this, this argument is futile. Shlomke (talk) 21:23, 29 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Nope. Even if we had clear proof that Wein said this, I would still object because it's not a statement about Rashi but about every 11th-century French Jew who had descendants.  Perhaps it would belong in History of the Jews in France, but not here.  -- Zsero (talk) 22:55, 29 October 2009 (UTC)

Do you think if someone showed that 50% of the English claimed descent from King Alfred it would deserve a novelty mentioning on an encyclopedia page? Does naming children after Alexander the Great deserve mention on his page? If not a Rashi page where? Because it illustrates his importance to Ashkenazi culture, rather than the accuracy of the claim. Why color this with accusations about King David? Take Rashi as he is, and his people's love for him, a cognition as physical reality. And anecdotaly it seems true because I have encountered many religious Jews (some who do not look so) who either name their daughters Miriam and say it is after the daughter of Rashi or claim descent from him. This cultural phenomena likely deserves a very brief mentioning. Oceanyam (talk) 03:53, 15 July 2012 (UTC)

"Religious belief"
Ascribing to Rashi "Orthodox Judaism" is rather fanciful. In the 12th century, there were no such distinctions. One might, by that point, identify as an Ashkenazi Jew, a Sephardic Jew, or some other cultural distinction, but there was not enough cohesion among the Jewish communities in Europe for Judaism-wide movements to develop. It was at least another 500 years before anything identified as Reform Judaism showed up, so that before Reform Judaism, there really was no "Orthodox Judaism." It was just Judaism. It's debatable whether Orthodox Judaism holds a unique claim to be orthodox in that it follows a tradition of halakhic method and customs that was universal in all the diaspora before the modern age. Christianity has any number of competing sects and schools of thought which claim to be the original Christianity exactly as handed down by Jesus to the Apostles; So too does Judaism have one sect which claims to be THE Judaism as it always was (and I've heard Conservative rabbis persuasively argue that Orthodox halakhah is in part reactionary to the excesses of the Reform movement).

Needless to say, if the Jews of 3000 years ago walked into a frum shul today, they would likely be confused (and vice versa). —Preceding unsigned comment added by Yaletiger (talk • contribs) 17:38, 7 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Orthodox Judaism is the Judaism that Rashi practised; it wasn't called that, for one thing because modern English didn't exist, but it was the same religion. Rashi would be totally comfortable in a modern frum shul, and any frum person from today would be totally comfortable in Rashi's shul. 3000 years ago is a different story, because you're going back before the Knesset Hagedolah, and even before Shlomo Hamelech and his decrees.  But by 1800 years ago Judaism was pretty much what it is now; the differences are trivial, a matter of minhagim and takanot, not core halacha.  Even a Jew from 2100 years ago, once he had recovered from the shock of learning about the churban, would not be surprised by much that he found in a modern shul.  What your Conservative rabbi claimed is nonsense; 99.99% of modern halacha based exclusively on sources before there ever was a Reform.  The only reaction in halacha to Reform are a handful of local takkanot in one community or another.  -- Zsero (talk) 18:04, 7 December 2009 (UTC)

You seem to be confusing Orthodox Judaism with all Judaism pre-Haskalah. While there are many similarities, no union of Orthodox rabbis existed to compare notes. "Orthodox Judaism" as such came into being after Reform was created, and all forms of Judaism basically differ in their approach to dealing with the possibility of fully engaging with the modern Gentile world, a possibility which to Rashi would have been merely an academic point.

Both Orthodox and Conservative rabbis have had to address questions of how halakhah apply to situations and circumstances that did not exist when the Sages were expounding upon the Torah. To say that the Orthodox rabbis do not consider the practices of the Reform and the decisions of the Conservative rabbis in making their own legal decisions is naive. The Orthodox would like everyone else to believe that theirs is the "correct Judaism"; that because the Conservative have innovated in certain areas the Orthodox find unacceptable, that the Conservative are something other than "real" Judaism. In reality, I think many Orthodox have built fences around the fences around the fences built around Torah, out of a fear that any engagement with the secular world will lead to assimilation.

At any rate, labeling Rashi an "O"rthodox Jew is like labeling the Magna Carta an American document. It's a needlessly divisive way of sidelining lesser Jews. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.91.234.239 (talk) 20:38, 7 December 2009 (UTC)

 * Twaddle. "Orthodox" is simply a name that Reform mockingly applied to the old classic Judaism, and that stuck.  It's simply the Judaism that continued after the various modern sects broke away; it is identical to Rashi's Judaism.  Name a single law that has changed in response to C or R.   Rashi was what in Modern English is called an orthodox rabbi; in his day Modern English didn't exist, that's all.  If the truth bothers you, that's your problem.  -- Zsero (talk) 21:03, 7 December 2009 (UTC)

Well, that was unnecessarily rude. Your defense that "modern English didn't exist" is ridiculous. The concept of orthodoxy has existed since the ancient Greeks. Rashi was in France, not England, but you don't think that French or Yiddish or Aramaic or Hebrew didn't have a word they could have used for "Orthodox," if it had been intended that they separate themselves out as correct Jews, do you?

Rashi was a Jew. We can all agree on that. Any other suppositions are based on your own arrogance and modern internecine squabbles instigated by "O"rthodox bullies. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.91.234.239 (talk) 21:08, 7 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Orthodoxy is the original Judaism, from which other sects such as Xians, Karaites, Reform, etc. separated. There is no orthodox "movement"; anyone who still follows Judaism as it was before Reform is automatically orthodox.  Orthodox didn't give themselves that name; the Reform invented it for those who didn't join them.  Rashi was not part of any breakaway sect.  There's nothing about orthodoxy today, in any of its various forms, that he'd have much of a problem with; but if he were to land at HUC or JTS he'd quickly find that it was not Judaism as he knew it.  Therefore, in Modern English, he was orthodox; it's what the word means.  There is nothing either rude or bullying about that fact. -- Zsero (talk) 01:01, 8 December 2009 (UTC)

 * Perhaps the unsigned contributor is passionately defending a point because s/he read it in a Reform or Conservative pamphlet? Here are the facts: what we call Orthodox Judaism is the set of halakhot received from Mount Sinai, both the Written Torah and the Oral Law (the Talmud). Along with the Torah, God also gave the Sages the power to enact additional laws and "fences" to maintain the sanctity of the Torah laws and to interpret the laws as they apply to new situations, such as brain death and using electricity on Shabbat. The entire set of halakhot was handed down from generation to generation until today, and the people who follow this Torah miSinai (Torah from Sinai) are who we are calling Orthodox Jews.

 * The minhagim came later as Jews moved into exile after the destruction of the Second Temple. You can look in the Shulchan Aruch to see the difference between Ashkenazi Jews and Sephardi Jews. Everyone keeps the same halakhot from Sinai, but the different communities have additional practices. For example, Ashkenazim eat potatoes on Pesach while Sephardim eat rice. Everyone follows the Torah command to eat matzah. No one eats chametz!

 * The Haskalah was the brainchild of the Reform movement, which wanted to shirk off halakhot and mitzvot. You have your facts wrong: it was Conservative Judaism, not Orthodox Judaism, that came into being after Reform was invented, as a response to the excesses of the Reform movement and as an attempt to "conserve" some of the flavor of Torah Judaism.

 * There is no such thing as a "lesser" Jew, just a less knowledgeable Jew. Yoninah (talk) 20:47, 8 December 2009 (UTC)

In Israel they use the term "ultra-orthodox" which really to me seems to have no meaning, I mean if the laws are rigorously derived then there's nothing stricter than orthodox. But the real issue has to with sex (as do a lot of things in life) did Rashi's daughters wear Tifillin? I don't suppose anyone knows for sure but certainly no orthodox woman would wear tefillin nowadays. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.53.140.157 (talk) 20:16, 5 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Would Rashi be classed as Haredi? I am wondering if I should merge Category:Haredi rabbis in Israel & Category:Israeli Orthodox rabbis. Chesdovi (talk) 14:19, 16 December 2009 (UTC)
 * "Haredi" is a very slippery term. 100 years ago it was synonymous with "orthodox".  Since the 1970s or so it has evolved a new meaning, which is widely understood but is hard to define with any precision.  I'd hesitate to use the term of anyone before 1950, and certainly before 1900.  -- Zsero (talk) 14:30, 16 December 2009 (UTC)

New category?
Category:Descendants of Rashi? Thoughts. Chesdovi (talk) 19:19, 10 January 2010 (UTC)

ha-Kadosh suffix
Rashi is commonly called "ha-Kadosh". , plus many more sources. Please re-add cat. Chesdovi (talk) 13:03, 6 September 2011 (UTC)
 * See also grave marker section which reads: "reads: …many Rishonim are buried here, among them Rabbi Shlomo, known as Rashi the Holy, may his merit protect us." Search also GB in Hebrew. Chesdovi (talk) 13:13, 6 September 2011 (UTC)

Neutral?
That "neutral" doubt box is original research and should be removed quickly, in my view. It was done by someone who wrote biographies of Jews on Wiki eg Joel Sternfeld and purposely leaves out all of their Jewish art works and never mention that they are Jewish. The editor also has absolutely not one single iota of knowledge who Rashi was (the undoubtedly greatest, post Amorah, Jewish leader of all time, top 3 according to everyone). The reason it is original research is that no text criticizes RASHI, that I can find. Can you find one? Therefor a very positive article is eminently appropriate!!!! Obviously, he is not a controversial figure, to an antiSemite all Jews are controversial. AntiSemitism today has been replaced by antiReligious so called Haredi, and anti"Zionist" scapegoating (the 7 million Jews alive in Israel   ), RASHI is being branded with the original research broad "religious" brush, of today, therefor bad. Publish an anti-Rashi book if you want (there are none) do not soap box your ignorance on Wiki please, it is original research, in my view.Jhgtnlrs dnbtojn (talk) 11:33, 8 December 2013 (UTC)

Also since Wiki is an Encyclopedia of the people an article about the greatest "religious" Jew ever should be written in the style that religious Jews write. As long as the grammar is on par. Just as an article about a Sikh leader should be written in an English speaking Sikh style, an article about the best Jew should be written in a style that contemporary religious Jews write, so that the reader can get a taste of religious Judaism. Why does every article on Wiki have to be written in the style of a couple of bully editors? In fact some articles are written in a British English style, some are in Australian English style, including phrasing. Religious Jews have a unique style of speech and literature today (study Artscroll), though heavily criticized by secular Jews, you may be in denial, but that is the case. Also Religious Jews tend to be much much much and another much poorer and less educated than non-religious Jews (the poorest county in America is Kiryas Joel of all Americans for example), and the articles should represent that deviance. Why should antiReligious activists angrily destroy that diversity, from a minority among a minority? Trust me Christian articles are written in a Christian or Catholic style when referring to the medeival Christian Saints.Jhgtnlrs dnbtojn (talk) 12:18, 8 December 2013 (UTC)

 * I agree with Jhgtnlrs dnbtojn's analysis. I took a look at the article and found some peacock phrasing that wasn't there when I last looked at this article, and which might have led someone to tag the article. I removed the non-neutral descriptions and removed the tag. The article could use more referencing to back up its statements and show non-Jews that Rashi really is as great as they say. Yoninah (talk) 14:45, 8 December 2013 (UTC)

Ambiguous - Jarchi
(Different question, since I don't know how to start a different category) How about ambiguous too? I'm no scholar, but I ran across a commentary that told what Jarchi said about the "angel" that visited Hagar (Ishmael's mom), so I got nosy and wanted to find out who Jarchi was. That landed me to this wiki entry, but it never answered my question. If John Gill can say he got his info from Jarchi a couple of hundred years ago, then how did Jarchi stop being Jarchi? Simply telling me his other names doesn't clarify why he had so many names.

Honestly, it sounds like you're rewriting history to make a point. That may not be what's happening, but that's how a nonscholar like me is taking it. How about less ambiguous, so people researching who Jarchi is can figure out why he stopped being called that in the last couple of hundred years? The upside is a more thorough article. 98.115.150.131 (talk) 17:31, 29 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Other names he has been known by historically are at Rashi. I have now also added a disambiguation to the top of the Jarchi article, which is about a village of that name in Iran.--Pharos (talk) 21:47, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

Living Descendents
I have found a living descendent of Rashi. His name is Jeffrey Mark Paull. Here is the URL where I found out about him: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/blog/noble-heritage-history-legacy-polonsky-paull-family-america/.

Anonymous173.57.37.138 (talk) 06:43, 27 December 2014 (UTC)
 * There are a great many people claiming descent from Rashi (usually via the Luria family), as discussed at length in many works of rabbinical genealogy, so Mr. Paull's case is hardly worth mentioning. הסרפד  (call me Hasirpad) 01:28, 28 December 2014 (UTC)

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Request Edit - Public Domain and CC-BY Hebrew & English Texts
Sefaria has a full 80 different texts written by Rashi (counting each book of Tanach, Talmud, Teshuvot Rashi and Issur veHeter leRashi.), some of them in multiple languages.

Probably most relevant to the English speaking world is the text for two complete English translations of Rashi on Torah - the Silbermann edition, which is Public domain, and the Metsudah edition, which was release with a CC-BY license. It also has the vowelized Hebrew from the Silbermann edition.

I believe that a link to this would fall under section 2 of WP:ELYES.

I have a COI (I work for Sefaria), and have discussed it on WikiProject:Judaism. Other similar edit requests have been approved.

Here are the links to the text of his Torah commentaries - | Genesis, | Exodus, | Leviticus, | Numbers, | Deuteronomy

Given that there's a bunch of other works available as well, perhaps the link should be to his author page? | Rashi. I'm not sure which is best.

LevEliezer (talk) 17:39, 20 November 2017 (UTC)

 * I don't see a specific request for what is proposed to be either removed or added to the article. Please consider the following as an example for how to submit future requests:

Regards,  Spintendo  ᔦᔭ   20:56, 6 December 2017 (UTC)

Dec 7 2017 edit request
Following up on the above, I'd like to reopen the request. The details as above remain the same, here's a tighter presentation of the change: LevEliezer (talk) 18:42, 7 December 2017 (UTC)

 * ✅ Thank you for following up. Your request has been implemented. Regards,  Spintendo  ᔦᔭ   19:10, 7 December 2017 (UTC)

Birth date Feb 22 ?!
Where is the source of this info from? AFAICS it's not in Maurice Liber's book. We do know the definite death date as found in a Siddur from the time, but not of the year of birth (due to two understandings of the years he lived). But afaik, there is no further information, anywhere about Rashi's birth. The date is listed here almost since the beginning of this article in 2004 by User:Magpark no user page. I added a talk page asking him/her. BTW my English name is Maurice and my English birtheday is Feb 21! Moshe פשוט pashute ♫ (talk) 01:15, 24 January 2020 (UTC)

If there is no source it should be removed. As far as I know, the birth year of Rashi is a bit fuzzy. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Geshem Bracha (talk • contribs) 12:31, 2 February 2020 (UTC)

Rashi's works in Old French?
A new paragraph about Rashi's works that were supposedly written in Old French was just added to the lead of the article. But since the entire article currently does not seem to mention any works by Rashi that were written in Old French, this addition would need to be first verified against other sources that are currently used in the article.

If indeed there were such works, then this linguistic addition would go into the "Works" section, not straigth into the lead. This is just my opinion, in a preliminary note, without having the time right now to check the entire issue more in depth. Thank you, warshy (¥¥) 23:09, 2 November 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 08:53, 17 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Rashi statue in troyes.jpg

title: Talk:Rashi


text:
User:Aguido

Aguido Horatio Davis is an programmer of the old school (see also: BOFH and Geek Code) who is currently based around Moreton Bay in Australia.

title: User:Aguido


text:
Delphine Software International

Delphine Software International was a French video game developer. They were famous for publishing Another World and creating the cinematic platform game Flashback, which bore a similarity to Prince of Persia, both in gameplay and in its use of rotoscoped animation. They were also known for their Moto Racer series.

History
Delphine Software International (DSI) was created in 1988 as a part of the Delphine Group and was initially based in Paris. It was headed by Paul de Senneville, and co-directed by Paul Cuisset, who was the company lead designer.

In 1993, a subsidiary company named Adeline Software International was created. In 2001, DSI relocated to Saint-Ouen. In December 2002, the company was removed from the Delphine Group. In February 2003, Delphine Software was sold to French game development company Doki Denki. Doki Denki closed down in July 2004 after bankruptcy and liquidation. Their official website has since shut down. As a consequence, Adeline also shut down around the same time.

title: Delphine Software International


text:
The Guide to Getting it On

The Guide To Getting It On! is a sexuality guide by research psychoanalyst Paul Joannides, illustrated by the comic book artist Dærick Gröss Sr. A 10th edition was released in 2022.

Style
The book uses informal language and quotations extensively to illustrate the points the author makes. These quotations are from males and females, of a broad age range, that the author has interviewed during his research or who sent letters to him after the publication of previous editions of the book.

It is illustrated throughout with realistic body drawings. It also uses comic-like drawings to maintain a light-hearted approach, such as a drawing of a vagina and a penis, both with eyes, a mouth, a nose, hands and feet having a dialogue.

English editions
In the English language, Guide to Getting It On! has ten editions.

 * 1) Guide To Getting It On! A New and Mostly Wonderful Book About Sex for Adults of All Ages (1st edition, June 1996) ISBN 1-885535-14-7. 376 pages.
 * 2) Guide To Getting It On! A New and Mostly Wonderful Book About Sex for Adults of All Ages (2nd edition, September 1998) ISBN 1-885535-00-7. 432 pages.
 * 3) Guide To Getting It On! (3rd edition, February 2000) ISBN 1-885535-10-4. 698 pages.
 * 4) Guide To Getting It On! (4th edition, April 2004) ISBN 1-885535-67-8. 782 pages.
 * 5) Guide To Getting It On! (5th edition, September 2006) ISBN 978-1-885535-69-6. 854 pages.
 * 6) Guide To Getting It On! (6th edition, January 2009) ISBN 978-1-885535-33-7. 992 pages.
 * 7) Guide To Getting It On! (7th edition, October 2012) ISBN 1885535759. 1,184 pages.
 * 8) Guide To Getting It On! (8th edition, April 2015) ISBN 978-1885535450. 1,152 pages.
 * 9) Guide To Getting It On: Unzipped (9th edition, 2017) ISBN 978-1-885535-17-7. 624 pages.
 * 10) Guide To Getting It On (10th edition, 2022) ISBN 978-1-885535-04-7. 810 pages.

Translations
The Guide To Getting It On! has been translated into 14 languages: Brazilian Portuguese, Czech, Croatian, German (Wild Thing: Sex-Tips for Boys and Girls), Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Ukrainian, Russian, Serbian and Slovenian.

Reviews

 * Oprah Magazine reports ″You've never read a manual as warm, friendly, liberating, thorough, and potentially sex-life-changing as the Guide to Getting It On!"
 * Perry Tsai, Co-director American Medical Student Association Sexual Health Scholars Program (AMSA SHSP) “Very few medical schools are teaching about the importance of sexual pleasure, so doctors are not prepared to care for this aspect of their patients’ health and well-being. We use the Guide to Getting It On to help our scholars gain a more complete understanding of sexuality and to help them promote the sexual health of their patients and peers.”
 * Christian Perring points out that ″the book contains answers to just about every sexual question″ the readers of The Guide to Getting it On  ″ever had″. He criticizes, however, that the readers of the book might have trouble in finding the answers to their questions.

Awards
Guide To Getting It On! has won the following awards:
 * American Association of Sex Educators, Counselors and Therapists Book Award
 * Ben Franklin Book Award
 * Firecracker Alternative Book Award
 * Sexuality.org Best Heterosexual Book Award
 * USABookNews.com Best Book Award
 * American Foundation for Gender & Genital Medicine Book Award
 * Independent Press Award for Sexuality, 2022

title: The Guide to Getting it On


text:
Wee Waa

Wee Waa is a town located on the north-western slopes of the New England region in New South Wales, Australia. The town is within the Narrabri Shire local government area and is on the Namoi River. Wee Waa is 41 km north-west of Narrabri and 571 km northwest of Sydney on the Kamilaroi Highway. At the, Wee Waa had a population of 2,034.

Wee Waa is 42 kilometres from the Newell Highway, and is referred to as a gateway to the far west centres of Walgett, Collarenebri, Lightning Ridge opal fields and beyond.

The Aboriginal meaning of Wee Waa is "Fire for Roasting" from the language of the Kamilaroi people. The town is known to be the "Cotton Capital of Australia" as a rural community situated in the rich agricultural heartland of the Lower Namoi Valley in NSW. The town services a far greater rural community as well as the villages of Burren Junction, Pilliga and Gwabegar.

The town is situated approximately 190 m above sea level.

History
Before the arrival of European settlers, the Wee Waa area was inhabited by the Gamilaraay/Kamilaroi Aboriginal people.

The Wee Waa run was taken up by squatter George Hobler in 1837 and the settlement developed. It became an administrative centre in the late 1840s. A police station and court of petty sessions were established in 1847 and a post office opened two years later. It is the oldest established town in the area and is the birthplace of the commercial cotton industry in Australia.

Rail services were extended in 1901 from Narrabri to Walgett, passing through the town.

The first commercial cotton plantation was established in 1961, irrigated with water from the Keepit Dam on the Namoi River.

It was the first town built on the Namoi River. The town is subject to regular floods and is protected by a levee bank. However thousands of people were isolated on properties around Wee Waa in February 2012.

Natural
The Wee Waa district has a mean summer minimum temperature of 20 C and a maximum of 35 C. Mean winter temperatures range from 4 C to 18 C. Mean annual rainfall is 575 mm, falling on 80 days of the year.

The town and surrounding area have often been flooded by the Namoi River, which can require supplies to be flown in by helicopter.

Man made
The town has two motels, four schools, a preschool, Nurruby Wee Waa Early Education Service, two hotels and two caravan parks as well as eating-places, a public swimming pool, a nine-hole golf course, bowling club, tennis courts, a modern sporting complex, a hostel for the aged and a new medical centre.

Wee Waa is serviced by NSW TrainLink rail services, interstate coaches, and daily air services offered through Narrabri.

Notable events
In 1973 Arthur Murray led the Aboriginal cotton-chippers on strike for better pay and working conditions. The Wee Waa Echo called them "radicals and professional troublemakers", adding that "it is not fanciful to see the Aboriginal problem as the powder keg for Communist aggression in Australia".

It was in Wee Waa police station that rugby player Eddie Murray died in 1981, one of the Aboriginal deaths in custody that prompted a Royal Commission to be set up. It was also the first town in Australia to use DNA testing to find a rapist.

On 17 May 2013 at the 79th Annual Wee Waa Show, Columbia Records held the global launch party for the French electronic music duo Daft Punk's album Random Access Memories. This caused much excitement in the town and it attracted an estimated 2,500 tourists. It was initially believed that footage recorded from the event would be used for a music video;   however, this did not come to fruition.

Sport
The town has a multi-function Sports Complex, which also acts as a de facto community centre.

The most popular sport in Wee Waa is rugby league, the name of the town's club is the Wee Waa Panthers. The Panthers compete in the Group 4 Rugby League competition, which is based in the areas surrounding Tamworth. The club's most famous export is Jamie Lyon. A club junior, Lyon famously left his professional career with the Parramatta Eels to return for a season with the Wee Waa Panthers. The first-grade team went on to win that year (2004) against Moree, 55 to 12. Lyon returned to professional football with St Helens for two years to play in the European Super League. Following this, Lyon played for the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles playing from 2007 to 2016, winning a premiership in 2008 and 2011.

The local soccer club is the Wee Waa United Football Club. In 2019, the club won the Namoi Premier League beating Narrabri FC 2-1 in extra time. The game was broadcast across the state on BarTV.

Wee Waa produced Andrew Curry, the former Australian Olympic javelin athlete and the nation's leading javelin specialist in the 1990s. Curry competed at two Olympic games; Atlanta 1996 & Sydney 2000. Additionally, Curry competed in three Commonwealth Games: 1994 Victoria, 1998 Kuala Lumpur, and 2002 Manchester.

Wee Waa is known for its large population of southern blue-tip yabbies. On 4 September 1995, Eric Gordon set the Australian record, catching a specimen that measured 47cm.

title: Wee Waa