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Talk:Barenaked for the Holidays

Question about Sarah McLachlan song
A DJ last Christmas played this, and said it was recorded impromptu backstage at the Palace of Auburn Hills in Michigan (which would explain why Sarah cuts off at the end.) Sounds true, does anyone know? Bouncehoper 02:24, 27 April 2007 (UTC)

God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen was recorded backstage at WPLT Planetfest, December '96. Tyler is playing a suitcase. I have no idea as to why they recorded it or who's idea it was - I assume they'd have to at least have some idea of what they planned to do for both her and them to know the words, what key would work, what harmonies to sing, etc. But it was definately recorded backstage. The cutoff that you may hear on Barenaked For The Holidays (and perhaps what some radio stations might play) is not as cutoff on the original song, however. On the original track, she finishes the phrase "let nothing", as the guitar ends the song. On the album the track is cutoff as she says "let" TheHYPO 07:48, 27 April 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Barenaked for the Holidays


text:
Blackstar (band)

Blackstar were a British hard rock band, formed as a retooling of the band Carcass in 1995 without Bill Steer along with former Cathedral bassist Mark Griffiths (on guitar). The band name comes from a Carcass song off the Swansong 1996 album. Blackstar released only a single album. After a while, the band was forced to change its name to Blackstar Rising. The band dissolved because drummer Ken Owen suffered from a brain haemorrhage.

Members

 * Jeff Walker - bass, vocals
 * Carlos Regadas - lead guitar
 * Ken Owen - drums
 * Mark Griffiths - rhythm guitar

Promo 96

 * 1) Revolution of the Heart
 * 2) New Song
 * 3) Rock 'n' Roll Circus
 * 4) Don't Want to Talk Anymore
 * 5) Better the Devil
 * 6) Waste of Space
 * 7) Instrumental

Barbed Wire Soul (1998 Peaceville Records)
Japanese versions has 5 demo tracks and 3 cover versions as bonus tracks

(The end of the song Instrumental is a quote from the movie From Dusk Till Dawn)
 * 1) Game Over 4:02
 * 2) Smile 3:37
 * 3) Sound of Silence 3:44
 * 4) Rock 'n' Roll Circus 4:14
 * 5) New Song 3:54
 * 6) Give Up the Ghost 3:07
 * 7) Revolution of the Heart 4:02
 * 8) Waste of Space 3:50
 * 9) Deep Wound 3:09
 * 10) Better the Devil 4:40
 * 11) Instrumental 5:00

X (1998 CD VILE77)
Digipack 10 year anniversary release with cover tracks by Peaceville artists X cover

 * 1) Anathema - "One Of The Few" (Pink Floyd)
 * 2) Dominion - "Shout" (Tears For Fears)
 * 3) My Dying Bride - "Some Velvet Morning" (Nancy Sinatra/Lee Hazlewood)
 * 4) My Dying Bride - "Roads" (Portishead)
 * 5) Anathema - "Better Off Dead" (Bad Religion)
 * 6) Thine - "Song Of Joy" (Nick Cave)
 * 7) Blackstar - "The Girl Who Lives On Heaven Hill" (Hüsker Dü)
 * 8) Acrimony - "O Baby" (Status Quo)
 * 9) The Blood Divine - "Crazy Horses" (The Osmonds)
 * 10) The Blood Divine - "Love Will Tear Us Apart" (Joy Division)
 * 11) Dominion - "Paint It Black" (Rolling Stones)
 * 12) Blackstar - "Running Back" (Thin Lizzy)
 * 13) Lid - "Don't Let Me Down" (The Beatles)
 * 14) Anathema - "Goodbye Cruel World" (Pink Floyd)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Blackstar (band)


text:
Talk:Gorni Kramer

Untitled
As explained in the Gorni Kramer main article, this is an odd case of pseudonym: this Italian bandleader was born Kramer (first name) Gorni (family name), then adopted Gorni (first) Kramer (second name) as his stage name. Ary29 17:03, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gorni Kramer


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Nesscliffe

Nesscliffe is a village in Shropshire, England, located north of the River Severn. The village comes under the Great Ness parish.

The A5 road, which previously ran through the village, now runs around the village on a dual-carriageway by-pass.

Local Government
Nesscliffe is represented on the Great Ness and Little Ness Parish council, which meet on the first Tuesday of every month, except for January and August, at Nesscliffe Village Hall or Little Ness Village Hall. It is also represented on the unitary Shropshire Council and in the Shrewsbury and Atcham Parliamentary constituency.

Amenities
The village has a primary school (St Andrew's C.of.E.) and post office. There is one working pub, The Old Three Pigeons; a former pub, the Nesscliffe Hotel, was ultimately a Chinese restaurant/takeaway called China Rose but it has been closed and near-derelict for a number of years. It appears that the owners wish to develop the site for housing.

The Nesscliffe Village Hall is used by the whole community for clubs, groups, meetings and events. There is a strong and dedicated committee who ensure that the Hall is well maintained, and who organise events throughout the year. Events and news are published on the community website and Facebook page.

Local landmarks
The site of a cave used by the highwayman, Humphrey Kynaston now forms part of the Nesscliffe Hill Country Park. One mile south-west are the earthwork remains of Wilcott Castle, a small motte castle. The independent girls' boarding school Adcote is situated in the parish, in the nearby village of Little Ness.

The Great Ness parish First World War war memorial, in form of a red sandstone cross, is located in Nesscliffe at the old A5 roadside. It lists nine men who died and 57 who served in that war.

Nesscliffe Hill Country Park
Nesscliffe Country park lies just off the A5 between Oswestry and Shrewsbury. The Old Three Pigeons Inn, dated back to the 15th century, is located south of the entrance to the Park and was said to be the watering hole of Humphrey Kynaston. Inside, the seat from Kynaston's cave is now part of the Inn's fireplace. The park itself is divided into three areas, from south to north: Nesscliffe Hill, Hopton Hill and The Cliffe (latter also accessible by footpath from Ruyton-XI-Towns). Shruggs Common, believed to be the smallest common in Shropshire of approximately 1/4 acre, is found on Nesscliffe Hill.

Nesscliffe Rock Cave
The Nesscliffe Rock Cave is part of the Nesscliffe Country Park. It is a small sandstone cave and is better known as Kynaston's Cave as it is the place he and his steed Beelzebub sought refuge. The entrance to the cave is six metres above ground level and stairs were cut into the soft rock, however over time the stairs have eroded. Inside the cave can be seen two chambers approximately four square metres big and the date 1564 carved into one of the walls, followed by the initials of H.K., reputedly of Humphrey Kynaston. A wooden staircase once existed to give access to the cave but was not extant as of 2015; today the steps have been fenced off and the mouth and window of the cave shut off by grids.

CAD Nesscliffe
During the 1930s, there was a recognition of a need to provide secure storage for munitions within the United Kingdom. The proposal was to create three Central Ammunition Depots (CAD) in easily hewn and relatively horizontal rocks: one in the south (Monkton Farleigh); one in the north of England (Longtown, Cumbria); and one in the Midlands (Nesscliffe).

While Monkton Farleigh came into operations in 1939, CAD Nesscliffe was developed by the War Office/Ministry of Defence after the start of World War II. To service the extensive property, the MoD took over the virtually defunct Shropshire and Montgomeryshire Railway from 1941, and built extensive additional service tracks along the 8.75 mi of railway line from Maesbrook to the former Ford and Crossgate railway station, south of the River Severn.

Like a typical ammunition depot, the site was laid out over an extensive area to avoid total destruction should an accidental explosion occur, or the site be attacked by enemy. The site was made up of four sub-sites: Kinnerley, Pentre, Ford, and Argoed. The four sites were capable of storing around 50000 tonne of shells.

There was also a sub-site at Loton Park, under the Alberbury medieval deer park, used for storage of both incendiary ammunition and chemical weapons shells from 1943. This was one of two CW depots operated in co-operation with and guarded by the United States Army Air Forces, the second being in Shepton Mallet, Somerset.

Locomotives and train drivers were provided by the Royal Engineers, who also maintained the extensive network. Their main servicing depot for rolling stock was on the stub-junction of the former branchline to Criggion. Ammunition storage officially stopped in 1959 on site, and the ammunition depot closed in 1961, when the railway tracks were removed. Operational locomotives were moved to the Longmoor Military Railway, while the non-operational were sold-off commercially. Since 1961 the site has been part of the Nesscliffe Training Area.

title: Nesscliffe


text: User talk:137.122.14.20

title: User talk:137.122.14.20


text:
Well-Manicured Man

The Well-Manicured Man is a fictional character in the American science fiction television series The X-Files. He serves as an antagonist to FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), being a member of the sinister Syndicate the agents seek to foil. Introduced in the third season, the Well-Manicured Man served to highlight discord within the ranks of the Syndicate, and ultimately betrayed them by leaking information to Mulder before committing suicide in the series' first feature film.

The Well-Manicured Man was portrayed by John Neville in all of the character's appearances (eight episodes, and the feature film). According to the series' writers, the character represents a non-violent "voice of reason" amongst the series' antagonists. Neville's portrayal of the Well-Manicured Man has been positively received by critics, who have noted his "moral ambivalence" and "unnervingly genteel" manner.

Character arc
Introduced at the beginning of the third season, the Well-Manicured Man is an English member of the Syndicate, a shadow organization within the United States government that exists to hide from the public the fact that aliens are planning to colonize the Earth. He is an important member of the Syndicate, along with The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) and The Elder, and was a friend of William Mulder earlier in his life.

The Well-Manicured Man prefers subtlety to brute force, and will attempt to manipulate those in his way before using physical violence. Although the Syndicate's goals are opposed to those of Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), the Well-Manicured Man will, at times, aid them with clues or information, believing that letting out a certain amount of information would help to keep the two close, and consequently allow for them to be controlled. The Well-Manicured Man openly despises The Smoking Man, seeing him as impulsive and unprofessional. The two maintain a bitter relationship within the Syndicate throughout the series. The Well-Manicured Man is instrumental in the Syndicate's secondary agenda, to develop a vaccination against the black oil used by the aliens as a means of mind control. To this end, he works with Russian double agent Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea) to develop a vaccine, eventually testing it—successfully—on a Syndicate mole, Marita Covarrubias (Laurie Holden).

In the 1998 feature film The X-Files, when Scully is infected with the black oil and taken to Antarctica, it is the Well-Manicured Man who, having grown disillusioned with the Syndicate, gives Mulder the coordinates needed to find her and a sample of the vaccine needed to cure Scully. The colonists had kept secret a secondary characteristic of the black oil—that those infected with it for prolonged periods would gestate a new colonist lifeform, killing the host. Upon discovering this, the Syndicate vowed to work more closely with the colonists in the hope of being spared this fate, while only the Well-Manicured Man wished to continue working on a vaccination for resistance. This rejection led to his betrayal of the Syndicate, and to him committing suicide by car bomb before his duplicity was discovered.

Conceptual history
John Neville has stated that he was originally hired for just two episodes of the series, but that his character "was regularly brought back, because the audience simply doesn't know if he stands for good or evil". Series creator Chris Carter has described the character in terms of his relationship with The Smoking Man, noting that the two characters can be seen as "differing in approach, differing in philosophy and differing in personality". Writer Frank Spotnitz has described the Well-Manicured Man as "sort of the white knight to the Cigarette-Smoking Man's black knight in this chess game that we were playing".

The character has also been described by Carter and Spotnitz as the "voice of reason" within the Syndicate, who "believes that violence is the wrong way to protect the secret" which they guard. The Well-Manicured Man's suicide scene in the series' film adaptation went through several conceptual iterations, with outcomes being considered including an imploding car or suicide by concussion grenade, although ultimately a car bomb scene was decided upon.

Reception
The character of the Well-Manicured Man has been positively received by critics. MTV's Tami Katzoff has called him a "legendary TV character", noting his "moral ambivalence about the work of his shadow organization" and his ability to show "empathy for Mulder and Scully". Writing for The A.V. Club, Sean O'Neal praised the character's "unnervingly genteel" manner, noting that he represented the polar opposite of The Smoking Man. Fellow A.V. Club writer Emily VanDerWerff has also been positive towards the Well-Manicured Man, feeling that the series would have benefited from making more use of the character. The San Francisco Chronicle Bob Graham has praised Neville's portrayal of the character in the feature film, calling his expository monologue "a Wagnerian demonstration of the art of declamation". Writing for the Los Angeles Daily News, Michael Liedtke and George Avalos described the character as "white-haired, urbane, genteel[—]and dangerous", noting that he was "equally at ease in Virginia's horse country, the tony rooms of Manhattan's Upper West Side and the antiseptic halls of facilities that house bizarre medical experiments". Den of Geek's countdown of "The Top 10 X-Files Baddies" described the Well-Manicured Man as a "super-smooth, super-creep Brit", noting that he served as "a 'boss' of sorts" for the Smoking Man. Speaking of how the role eclipsed his other acting work, Neville has been quoted as saying "It's OK, though. [The X-Files] gave me a kind of profile that I didn't have before, and one shouldn't grumble about that".

title: Well-Manicured Man


text:
Talk:Nemo dat quod non habet

Just stumbled over this article in the new articles section. Not quite sure about it: the original grammar and wording was quite suspicious and the latin translation was incorrect. Can anyone with law knowledge have a look at it and see if this really deserves a separate article? --Phils 17:04, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * This article is OK. However, it does not mean I like this doctrine. I hate it. Many country in the world do not admit it (at least to the buyer in good faith who purchased the good in a market opened to the public). Here are some cases to study. Sorry, I don't have time to do it right now. This doctrine is totally garbage. So far as I know, Romans had little idea about statute of limitations. -- Toytoy 14:56, Oct 26, 2004 (UTC)

 * The orginal translation "can't give better title than one already have" is also OK. -- Toytoy 14:56, Oct 26, 2004 (UTC)

Articles
Hawkland UCC Series § 2-312:1 Hawkland Uniform Commercial Code Series William D. Hawkland [FNa] Current through the October 2002

 * At early common law, credit and clouds on title to chattels due to crime presented risks that were largely thrust upon the buyer, implemented by two Latin maxims, nemo dat quod non habet and caveat emptor. Thus, if goods were stolen from the "true owner," sold to a dealer, and then resold in the marketplace to a bona fide purchaser, the true owner could recover them by merely reciting the maxim that no one can give a greater interest than he, himself, has.

5 La. Civ. L. Treatise, Law Of Obligations § 3.26 (2d ed.)

 * § 3.26 Transfer of Rights Greater Than the Transferor's

 * In the same earlier article the assertion was made that the law establishes the rule that no one can transfer a greater right than he himself has. FN1 That language has not been reproduced. That no one can transfer a right greater than the one that he has is a general principle, one of the logical tools of the law, that is expressed in the centuries-old maxim nemo dat quod non habet. FN2 As logical tools, general principles prevail even if not expressly formulated in the legislation. On the other hand, the same prior article contemplated as an exception that certain transferees may acquire rights greater than their transferors had where, because of the neglect of some formality required by law, the transferee has suffered a loss. FN3 That is an allusion to the laws of registry and the public records doctrine, the consequences of which are so relevant in the world of modern legal transactions that the exceptions that they create to the above principle are now more important than the rule itself, although still the best justification for it. FN4 For those reasons, the function of ultima ratio is better performed by the principle nemo dat quod non habet when that principle is kept sufficiently general by not being expressly formulated in the legislation. That omission does not effect a change in the law.

22 Williston on Contracts § 59:11 (4th ed.)

 * As has been seen, generally the holder of a negotiable bill of lading has title to the goods and to the document, and the direct obligation of the issuer of the bill to deliver the goods in accordance with the terms of the bill of lading. If, however, the goods were stolen from their true owner before they were delivered to the carrier, the thief would, under principles of the law of personal property, have void title to the goods; and under the general principle embodied in the expression nemo dat quod non habet, that one cannot give what one does not have, the thief would only be able to pass void title to the goods, and the true owner could recover the goods not only from the thief, but also from one who takes from the thief, even if that one is a good faith purchaser for value. [FN46] Thus it is that if the thief, instead of selling the goods directly, delivers them to a carrier and obtains from the carrier a negotiable bill of lading which is then transferred to a holder for value, the holder obtains no right to the goods against the true owner, and the carrier may be required to deliver the goods represented by the bill to the true owner.

Cases of the U.S.
State v. Mermis, 105 Wash.App. 738, 20 P.3d 1044, 44 UCC Rep.Serv.2d 446, Wash.App. Div. 1, Apr 09, 2001

 * The difference between theft and breach of contract or failure to pay a debt is criminal intent. [FN25] Mermis seeks shelter in the rules that apply to buyers and sellers of goods. But a thief is not a buyer, and Mermis' argument glosses over key aspects of both the UCC and the criminal law. Generally, a thief takes no title whatsoever to stolen goods. [FN26] When a thief takes "delivery" of goods by deception, he acquires at best voidable title. [FN27] Such a thief may pass good title to a good faith purchaser under the voidable title doctrine, but the thief has no title superior to that of the true owner.

 * [FN27] Voidable title is distinct from "valid title," which can be passed freely, and "void title," which cannot be passed to any buyer (regardless of good faith status) because of the nemo dat quod non habet ("he who hath not cannot give") rule. See Menachem Mautner, "The Eternal Triangles of the Law": Toward a Theory of Priorities in Conflicts

Tulsa County Deputy Sheriff's Fraternal Order of Police, Lodge Number 188 v. Board of County Com'rs of Tulsa County, 995 P.2d 1124, 2000 OK 2, Okla., Jan 14, 2000

 * ¶ 18 Aside from the mischief of injecting disuniformity with grave constitutional implications, a contractual elimination of the sheriff's control utterly lacks any supportive statutory warrant. [FN28] When privatizing was *1138 accomplished neither the Board of County Commissioners in Tulsa County nor TCCJA was vested with power to control the jail or the authority to oust the sheriff and transfer his control to the private contractor. [FN29] As one of the common law's ancient guiding beacons eloquently teaches, nemo dat quod non habet--one cannot give that which one does not have, i.e., no one can give a better title to a thing than one possesses.

Nofziger Communications, Inc. v. Birks, 774 F.Supp. 662, D.D.C., Oct 07, 1991

 * Defendant Wynmark Trust urges that it is not liable because the Options were not exercised by it. As recounted above, Griffin, in letters of August 30 and September 22, 1988 in which the Options were exercised, stated that he was doing so in his capacity as an officer of Wynmark Development. [FN4] If this alone were the only relevant fact, defendant would prevail. This is because at the time the Options were exercised, Wynmark Development no longer had the authority to exercise the Options for itself having previously on April 29, 1987 assigned "all of its right, title and interest" to Griffin, Naing, and the Wynmark Trust. This assignment extinguished any right to performance that Wynmark Development had briefly held. See Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 317(1) (1981). Wynmark Trust, therefore, could not be liable to NCI for reimbursement because no assignee had exercised its option, *665 and thus no duties of the assignees arose.

 * FN4. These letters were also written on Wynmark Development stationery and completely ignored the fact that Wynmark Development had on April 29, 1987 assigned its rights under the Options. Nemo dat quod non habet.

Snethen v. Oklahoma State Union of Farmers Educational and Co-op. Union of America, 664 P.2d 377, 38 A.L.R.4th 531, 1983 OK 17, Okla., Feb 15, 1983

 * It is a general rule of law that no one can confer or transfer a better title than that which he has, unless some principle of estoppel should operate to bar an otherwise superior claim. [FN18] Neither can a person be divested of his property without his consent. While a good-faith purchaser under a defective title cannot hold against the true owner, [FN19] he does have lawful possession against all the rest of the world. [FN20] He is said to have a "qualified possessory right" in the property. [FN21]

 * FN18. Al's Auto Sales v. Moskowitz, Okl., 203 Okl. 611, 224 P.2d 588, 591 [1950]. At common law this principle is known under the Latin maxim nemo dat quod non habet or just nemo dat. Milsom, Historical Foundations of the Common Law 331 [Butterworths 1969].

Brandes v. Pettibone Corp., 79 Misc.2d 651, 360 N.Y.S.2d 814, 16 UCC Rep.Serv. 205, N.Y.Sup., Nov 12, 1974

 * I realize that I am not dealing with a motion by Pettibone for summary judgment but feel it necessary to see what its position is in regard to Spancrete and the crane in order to determine what it had to assign to General Electric because, as is said, nemo dat quod non habet--no one can give that which he has not. Since all Pettibone had was a security interest, that is all it could assign to General Electric. Under Section 9--317 UCC, then, General Electric cannot be held liable in contract or tort for Pettibone's acts or omissions or for Spancrete's if there be any such.

M. DeMatteo Const. Co. v. U.S., 310 F.Supp. 1313, 25 A.F.T.R.2d 70-1316, 70-1 USTC P 9357, D.Mass., Mar 23, 1970

 * In Nee, and again in Goelet, it was held that a person who takes the interest of the testator, who was a fee-owner of a piece of property subject to a ground rent lease, gets from the testator no depreciable interest in the building erected by the lessee during the lifetime of the lease. Reduced to its simplest terms, the ruling of both these cases is an application of the philosophic maxim, 'nemo dat quod non habet,' i.e., the court in both cases ruled that because the testator had no depreciable interest in a building subject to a long term lease until after the termination of the lease, his devisees could not, by reason of his death, acquire something that he himself never had in his lifetime, namely, a depreciable interest in the building subject to the lease.

Rood v. Miami Air Conditioning Co., 193 So.2d 216, Fla.App. 3 Dist., Nov 29, 1966

 * 'In the case of Jackson Sharpe (Sharp) Co. v. Holland (14 Fla. 384) supra, Holland was the purchaser, at a judicial sale, of property in possession of the purchaser, in which the seller had reserved title. Holland insisted that he had no notice, either actual or constructive, of such an agreement. The court decided that under these circumstances, Holland acquired no title to the property as against the plaintiff. This decision,--though, as we have said, there is much conflict in the authorities,--is sustained by numerous and well-considered decisions in many states, and seems to us to be sound on principle. The property not having vested in the Ashmeads, though delivered to them, they could not sell what they did not own, nemo dat quod non habet. In this case, if we were to hold that a bona fide purchaser from a purchaser in possession from a seller who reserved title until payment of purchase money, took a good title, it would not benefit the defendant in this case. He is in no sense a bona fide purchaser. He can have no greater rights in the property than the Ashmeads, whose assignee he is. They could not dispose of the property in payment of their debts.' (1 So. 64)

Jordan v. Kancel, 188 Kan. 292, 361 P.2d 894, Kan., May 13, 1961

 * It was stated in Mitchell v. Hawley, 83 U.S. 544, 550, 21 L.Ed. 322, 324, that no one in general can sell personal property and convey a valid title to it unless he is the owner or lawfully represents the owner. Nemo dat quod non habet. Persons, therefore, who buy goods from one not the owner and who does not lawfully represent the owner, however innocent they may be, obtain no property whatever in the goods, as no one can convey in such a case any better title than he owns, unless the sale is made in market overt, or under circumstances which show that the seller lawfully represented the owner. See also 46 Am.Jur., Sales, § 458, p. 621; 77 C.J.S. Sales § 295, pp. 1104, 1105; 2 Williston on Sales (Rev.Ed.), § 311, p. 241; Brown on Personal Property (2d Ed.), § 71, pp. 241, 242.

Use in the Catholic Church
Oftentimes Catholic seminarians are mistaken for priests and asked to bless objects. If he is unable to convince his interlocutor that he is not able to bless things, there has been a longstanding practice among some seminarians to recite "Nemo dat quod non habet, in nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti" over the item, to the great rapture of well-meaning pious persons and the great amusement of those who speak Latin. I don't know if it's worth incorporating into the article, but it may be worth mentioning if it can be properly sourced. PeterMottola (talk) 12:49, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

This phrase is also used within a non-law context having seen it applied to the electron distribution in the outermost shell of the atomic model- If the outer shell has 8 electrons,  applies to this phrase- "How can he give who does not have"- in that these elements are part of the Noble elements group and are un-reactive and do not become involved in molecule formation easily. I would extend the argument also to those who give compliments when they themselves do not have the "authority" to do so.

Sources for expanding this article
I came across an article with some good information in it: Rethinking the Laws of Good Faith Purchase. It mentions the history of the "open market" rule, how it was not received into American law and its abolition in English law in 1994.

Also see and  for more information on the "good faith" rule. Count Truthstein (talk) 14:50, 3 January 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nemo dat quod non habet


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Karl Ossietz

Karl Ossietz was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Delete as unverifiable. While User:Pitchka acted in good faith and carefully cited his sources, other users found references which contradicted the findings of the "Eye-Witness Accounts" book. (Based on the evidence available, I believe the content of the 1994 book cited by Pitchka to be derivative of the 1979 book cited by func's anon user below.) The weight of contradicting references makes the factual accuracy of the original source and thus of this article suspect. Should future scholarly studies support the evidence for an individual by this name and in the role of Hitler's top astrologer, this article can be nominated for undeletion. Rossami (talk) 00:37, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)

I think this is a joke entry. This guy gets only 5 google hits: 4 are Wikipedia-mirrors, and the 5th is in another language. A google for ( "Chambers of the Stars" +Hitler ) turns up nothing. func(talk) 17:06, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Formatting, &/or classifying in bold, of multiple entries done by Jerzy(t) 00:46, 2004 Oct 27 (UTC).

 * KEEP: I started the article on Karl Ossietz because it was an interesting fact. The internet is not the source of all facts in the world. The book I found out about this person is The Permanent Book of The 20th Century: Eye-Witness Accounts of the Moments that Shaped Our Century, edited by Jon E. Lewis, published by Carroll and Graf Publishers, Inc. in 1994. The ISNB 0-7867-0161-7. It was listed under the chapter Part III: Jazz, Slump and Fascism 1919-38 from pages 234-237 under the heading "The Private Life of Adolf Hitler, Berchtesgaden, 1938." Quote: "The author of this account of the German dictator at home was of the maids at his mountain retreat." I still think it's a valid entry. Pitchka 18:09, Oct 22, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment. OK, I just did a search at amazon and got The Mammoth Book of Eyewitness History 2000, written by the exact same author, Jon E. Lewis. This all seems pretty suspicious to me. There are few men who have been studied as in depth as Hitler. Why is this Mr. Lewis the only guy who knows about Karl Ossietz? Does anyone have an independent source for this? Might Ossietz have an alternate spelling for his name? I just find it hard to believe that there is anything connected with Hitler that would turn up so few google hits. func(talk) 18:58, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Nomination is implicitly a vote for deletion, unless explicitly stated otherwise, so this editor has already voted. --Jerzy(t) 00:46, 2004 Oct 27 (UTC)
 * Comment: The web is not the be-all, end-all source of information, but in this case there seem to be a whole bunch of sites claiming that Karl Ernst Krafft was Hitler's astrologer, and only one (a forum post) naming Karl Ossietz for that role.  SWAdair | Talk  04:08, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: Quoting from above: Quote: "The author of this account of the German dictator at home was of the maids at his mountain retreat. — nuff said: Pitch(ka) this. — Bill 14:06, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * The above entry marked as a comment by me. If i call the vote on this one, i will not count it as a vote bcz it is too aggressively subversive to the purpose of this page and the need for clarity about the distinction between Votes for deletion on one hand, and fun and cleverness on the other. IMO, any other admin should respond similarly. --Jerzy(t) 00:46, 2004 Oct 27 (UTC)
 * Actually, Jerzy, you are the one who is being "too aggressively subversive". To ignore a vote for deletion because you don't find it funny (is/would be/will be) an abuse of your adminship, (and marking all obvious commentary as Comments is nothing less than trolling, IMHO).
 * Comment: I placed a note at the talk page for Hitler, hoping for some knowledgable commentary, but no one has responded. I'm not comfortable about this. If he really was an astrologer for Hitler, then I think it should qualify as being notable, but the word of a single author seems problematic, (not everything printed in a book is true). func(talk) 00:06, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Already voted. --Jerzy(t) 00:46, 2004 Oct 27 (UTC)
 * Comment: We shold probably wait, and mark the article as factually disputed, until we get a better idea of whether its real or not.  — siro  χ  o  00:33, Oct 27, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: User:Jerzy has a talent for stating the blatently obvious. Isn't the merely obvious enough for him?
 * No, and i'll paraphrase two heroes of info provision at once: "That's 'Mr. Harmless Drudge' to you!" --Jerzy(t) 02:08, 2004 Oct 27 (UTC)
 * Comment: The above is a Comment, and not a Vote.
 * Delete. I checked multiple books on Hitler and none mention a Karl Ossietz, so I have to agree with SWAdair. —No-One Jones (m) 04:35, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, No one jones' seems to have confirmed it — siro  χ  o  00:21, Oct 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: Here's something interesting, from http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=pt&u=http://www.bdcmadeira.org/bdc/pt/Dmes/0303/02.htm&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%2522Carl%2Bvon%2BOssietz%2522%2BHitler%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D
 * The honored ones have the right to refuse the prémios. However, facts had thus only occurred for pressures politics, as in 1937, when Hitler forbade the Germans to receive the Prémio Nobel, therefore he is furious when the Prémio of the Peace of 1935 is granted to a antiNazi journalist, Carl Von Ossietz, who had disclosed the plans private of rearmament of Germany.
 * At Nobel Peace Prize we have as the laureate
 * 1935 Carl von Ossietzky (Germany) pacifist journalist.
 * and at Carl von Ossietzky a bio (on WP over 2 years) that has him imprisoned from the first 2 month's of Hitler's chancellorship. A coincidence of names would be far-fetched, so the nominated article must overcome a presumption of being a joke at best and calculated disinfo at worst. Info confirming at least the Portuguese site's variant version of his name would be a plus in Carl von Ossietzky, and a pretty good final nail in the coffin of the nominated article.
 * --Jerzy(t) 18:11, 2004 Nov 3 (UTC)

 * Comment: An anon responded to my query at Hitler's talk page:

 * I found him mentioned in an Allen Churchill book from 1979 called Eyewitness Adolf Hitler. I believe it was from a letter that this Karl Ossietz was mentioned as Hitler's personal astrologer. Eyewitness

func(talk) 03:17, 9 Nov 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:T.Ho~enwiki

Thanks for uploading Image:Arthur Schopenhauer.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GFDL, or  if you claim fair use, etc.) If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Thanks so much,   – Quadell (talk) (help)   17:08, Oct 22, 2004 (UTC)

Please add copyright information to Image:Rinzai.png. You could also provide a better explanation of the picture. It's obviously not a photo. It's a drawing, based on what? --kooo 01:13, 2004 Nov 14 (UTC) Also
 * Image:Mick Jagger.gif Aqua 07:22, Dec 24, 2004 (UTC)

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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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title: User talk:T.Ho~enwiki


text:
Guernsey pound

The pound is the currency of Guernsey. Since 1921, Guernsey has been in currency union with the United Kingdom and the Guernsey pound is not a separate currency but is a local issue of sterling banknotes and coins, in a similar way to the banknotes issued in Scotland, England and Northern Ireland (see Banknotes of the pound sterling). It can be exchanged at par with other sterling coinage and notes (see also sterling area).

For this reason, ISO 4217 does not include a separate currency code for the Guernsey pound; when distinction from sterling is desired the abbreviation GGP may be used.

History
Until the early 19th century, Guernsey used predominantly French currency. Coins of the French livre were legal tender until 1834, with French francs used until 1921. In 1830, Guernsey began production of copper coins denominated in doubles. The double was worth $1/100$ of a French franc. The name "double" derived from the French "double deniers", although the value of the coin was equal to the liard (three-denier piece) still circulating. Coins were issued in denominations of 1, 2, 4 and 8 doubles. The 8 double coin was a "Guernsey penny", with twelve to the "Guernsey shilling" (worth 1.2 francs). However, this shilling was not equal to the British shilling (worth 1.26 francs, as the exchange rate according to the respective gold standards was 25.22 francs = 1 pound sterling). Banknotes were also produced by the States of Guernsey from 1827, denominated in pounds. In 1848, an ordinance was passed that the pound sterling should be legal tender at a value of £1 1s 3d (2040 doubles). This was rescinded two years later and French currency, supplemented by local issues, continued to circulate. In 1870, British coins were made legal tender, with the British shilling circulating at $1/80$ Guernsey pence. Bank of England notes became legal tender in 1873. In 1914, new banknotes appeared, some of which carried denominations in Guernsey shillings and francs.

After the First World War, the value of the franc began to fall relative to sterling. This caused Guernsey to adopt a pound equal to the pound sterling in 1921. For amounts below 1 shilling, the conversion rate of 1 Guernsey penny (8 doubles) = 1 British penny applied, allowing the Guernsey coins to continue to circulate. For amounts above 1 shilling, an exchange rate of 21 Guernsey shillings to the pound sterling was used, applying an approximation to the pre-war exchange rate of 25.2 francs = 1 pound sterling, rather than the exact rate of 25.22. This conversion increased the value of the double from $12 1/2$ to $1/2016$ of a pound, or half of a farthing. The World War I issues of banknotes were overstamped with the word "British" to indicate this change. New banknotes and British silver coinage circulated alongside the double coins, with 3-pence coins minted specially for Guernsey from 1956.

In 1971, along with the rest of the British Isles, Guernsey decimalised, with the pound subdivided into 100 pence, and began issuing a full range of coin denominations from 1⁄2p to 50p (£1 and £2 coins followed later).

Legal tender
The Guernsey pound, and other notes denominated in sterling (including those issued by the Bank of England, Scottish, Manx and Northern Irish notes and the Jersey pound) may be used in Guernsey. The Guernsey pound is legal tender only in the Bailiwick of Guernsey although it also circulates freely in Jersey, while in the UK acceptance is often problematic. It can also be exchanged in other places at banks and bureaux de change.

Around £51m of coins and notes are in circulation.

Coins
Between 1830 and 1956, Guernsey's four coin denominations, 1, 2, 4 and 8 doubles (equivalent to $1/1920$d, $1/undefined$d, $1/undefined$d and 1d respectively), all carried very similar designs, with the Island's arms and name (spelled "Guernesey") on the obverse and the denomination and date on the reverse. In addition, the 8 double coins featured a wreath on both sides.

In 1956, new designs were introduced for the 4 and 8 doubles (the lower denominations were no longer issued). These featured the Island's seal and name (now given as S'Ballivie Insule de Gernereve) on the obverse with the English name, the date and the Guernsey lily on the reverse. Threepence coins were also issued from 1956, with the same obverse and a reverse featuring the Guernsey cow.

As in the UK, 5 and 10 new pence coins were introduced in 1968, followed by 50 new pence coins in 1969, before decimalisation took place in 1971 and the 1⁄2, 1 and 2 new pence coins were introduced. These coins were the same size and composition as the corresponding British coins. The word "new" was dropped in 1977.

A £1 coin was introduced in 1981, two years before its introduction in the UK, although the 20 pence and £2 coins were introduced at the same time as in the UK: 1982 and 1998, respectively. The 1981 coin was significantly thinner than the modern version and the diameter also measured slightly less. The £1 coin ceased to be legal tender on 15 October 2017, to coincide with the withdrawal of the circular £1 coin in the UK. The UK's new twelve-sided £1 coin is the only £1 coin that is legal tender on the island.

The first decimal issues continued with the same obverse as the last pre-decimal issues until 1985, when Raphael Maklouf's portrait of Queen Elizabeth II was added. Ian Rank-Broadley's portrait of the Queen has appeared since 1998.

Designs on the reverses of Guernsey's decimal coins are:

Banknotes
In 1827, the States of Guernsey introduced one-pound notes, with the Guernsey Banking Company and the Guernsey Commercial Banking Company also issuing one-pound notes from 1861 and 1886, respectively. The commercial banks lost their right to issue notes in 1914, although the notes circulated until 1924. Also in 1914, the States introduced five- and ten-shilling notes, also denominated as 6 and 12 francs.

In 1921, States notes were over-stamped with the word "British" to signify the island's conversion to a pound equal to sterling. From 1924, ten-shilling notes were issued without any reference to the franc. The five-shilling note was discontinued.

In 1941, during the German occupation, notes were introduced in denominations of 6 pence, 1 shilling 3 pence, 2 shillings 6 pence and 5 shillings. The first to be issued were the 5-shilling and 2s 6d notes. They were printed on States of Guernsey watermarked paper; the height of the notes was $1/undefined$ inches; the length of the 2s 6d note was $2 3/8$ inches and that of the 5s note was $3 5/8$ inches. The 5s note was printed in black and red with the Seal of the Bailiwick in red on the reverse. The 2s 6d note was printed in light blue with the denomination in orange and the Seal of the Bailiwick in royal blue on the reverse. From 1942, the 1s 3d notes were overprinted to produce 1-shilling notes. In 1945, following liberation, £5 notes were introduced and production of all denominations below 10 shillings ended.

The 10 shilling note was replaced by the 50-new-pence coin in the run up to decimalisation. £10 notes were introduced in 1975, followed by £20 in 1980 and £50 in 1994. Although £1 and £2 coins have been introduced, the £1 note still circulates.

A commemorative £20 note was issued in 2012 to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. It is similar to the regular issue, but with the QE60 letter prefix, the commemorative laurel wreath on the lower left corner of the note, and additional wording. A total of 150,000 notes were issued.

A commemorative £1 note was issued on 4 July 2013 to mark 200 years since the first commercial operation of Thomas De La Rue. The commemorative note is in circulation alongside the standard £1 note, differing in the portrait of De La Rue on the reverse and a TDLR letter prefix.

On 8 November 2018, a commemorative banknote of £20 was issued to mark the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I. It is like the preceding 2012 commemorative issue, but with the seal of the Bailiwick of Guernsey surrounded by poppy flowers and containing the serial letter prefix "TG/W" (for "The Great War").

In January 2023 Guernsey advised that notes produced for the island by De La Rue plc will in future include PUREIMAGE™ and IGNITE® security threads and the NEXUS™ embedded stripe.

title: Guernsey pound


text:
Talk:List of organic reactions

-

Untitled
I have deleted the following link because the name reactions are not provided anymore:
 * http://themerckindex.cambridgesoft.com/TheMerckIndex/NameReactions/

I get a 403 Forbidden error when trying to access the following link. For this reason, I have deleted it: -
 * http://fachschaft.cup.uni-muenchen.de/~schleifi/reaktion/reaction/

If the links on this page are to be of any use in foreseeable future, I would suggest the authors limit themselves to more general reactions/denominations (such as redox, neutralization, etc...) unless of course they are seriously planning to write all those articles, in which case I bow to their boldness. --Phils 17:09, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Renaming page
Would anybody object if I renamed this to List of organic reactions (i.e., moving it into the main space)? --Arcadian 21:12, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I think a better title for this page would be "Named reactions" - I'm sure there must be a few inorganic named reactions. --Quantockgoblin 21:57, 6 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree . . . this page must be called Named reactions, or at least be a redirect from entering both "Name reactions" and "Named Reactions". Everybody (well, more or less) refers to these types of reactions as Name(d) reactions, so the convention goes that that should be the title.

Reagents
Should this page also have name reagents? Like Adams Catalsyst PtO2 whicb is on the list now! ChristianB 09:00, 30 September 2007 (UTC)

Help...
I have a public area where children play in the water. It's reservoir, when filled up, holds 1250gals of water. The water goes through fountains and back to the reservoir so is always recycling. It's chlorine level needs to stay in between 2 and 3. What I need to know is..., with this amount of chlorine in it..., would adding 1/2 cup of rubbing alcohol daily, cause any kind of bad effect..., say, irritation to the childrens skin or eyes at all?

Thank you soooo much!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.175.142.188 (talk) 22:12, 7 July 2008 (UTC)

Name reactions in Chinese Wikipedia
Look at the articles about name reactions in Chinese Wikipedia. Why don't they translate the names into Chinese? --128.232.251.242 (talk) 10:36, 4 November 2009 (UTC)

Dienone phenol rearrangement
The above-mentioned hyperlink leads to "phenols" article, which doesn't have any content regarding the said reaction. Viv73 (talk) 09:09, 26 May 2019 (UTC)

By the above-mentioned hyperlink, I mean "Dienone phenol rearrangement" in the article. Viv73 (talk) 09:10, 26 May 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of organic reactions


text:
Tawang district

Tawang district (Pron:/tɑ:ˈwæŋ or təˈwæŋ/) is the smallest of the 26 administrative districts of Arunachal Pradesh state in northeastern India. With a population of 49,977, it is the eighth least populous district in the country (out of 707).

History
Tawang is inhabited by the Monpa people. From 500 BC to 600 AD a kingdom known as Lhomon or Monyul ruled the area. The Monyul kingdom was later absorbed into the control of neighbouring Bhutan and Tibet.

Tawang Monastery was founded by the Merak Lama Lodre Gyatso in 1681 in accordance with the wishes of the 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso, and has an interesting legend surrounding its name, which means "Chosen by Horse". The sixth Dalai Lama, Tsangyang Gyatso, was born in Tawang.

Tawang was historically part of Tibet. The 1914 Simla Accord defined the McMahon Line as the new boundary between British India and Tibet. By this treaty, Tibet relinquished several hundred square miles of its territory, including Tawang, to the British, but it was not recognised by China. When Tibet was not governed by mainland China, Tawang was easily accessible to Tibetans.

In 1938, the British made a cautious move to assert sovereignty over Tawang by sending a small military column under Capt. G.S. Lightfoot to Tawang.

After the outbreak of the war with Japan in 1941, the government of Assam undertook a number of 'forward policy' measures to tighten their hold on the North East Frontier Agency (NEFA) area, which later became Arunachal Pradesh. In 1944, administrative control was extended over the area of the Tawang tract lying South of the Sela Pass when J.P. Mills set up an Assam Rifles post at Dirang Dzong. However, no steps were taken to evict the Tibetan from the area North of the pass which contained Tawang town.

Tibet lost its independence in the 1950s and was annexed into the newly established People's Republic of China. Tibet also lost its independent diplomatic freedom and Tawang was now a stress point between India and China.

During the Sino-Indian war of 1962, Tawang fell briefly under Chinese control, but China withdrew its troops at the end of the war. Tawang again came under Indian administration.

Tawang district was formed in 1989, when it was split from West Kameng district.

The Yangtse clash of 9 December 2022 occurred at night between the troops of the Indian Army and the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) along their mutually contested Line of Actual Control (LAC) in the Yangtse region of Tawang. Later Chinese army retreat and Indian army won in clash.

Geography
Tawang district, the basin of Tawang Chu, occupies an area of 2172 km2,. The district is roughly located around latitude 27° 45’ N and longitude 90° 15’ E at the northwest extremity of Arunachal Pradesh. Elevations range between 6,000 and 22000 ft, and inhabitants are found at lower altitude, where they enjoy a cool temperate climate.

The district was carved out of the West Kameng district, which adjoins it to the south and east. Bhutan borders Tawang to the west whereas Tibet is to the north of the district. The district occupies an area of 2,085 square kilometres and has a population of 38,924 (as of 2001), almost 75% of which are considered "tribal", i.e. belonging to the native Monpa, Bhotia, Adi, etc. The sensitivity of the border area brings Tawang a heavy military presence. In winter, Tawang frequently experiences heavy snowfall.

Administrative divisions
The district is divided into 3 sub-divisions: Tawang, Lumla and Jang. Tawang sub-division is divided into 2 administrative circles: Tawang and Kitpi. Lumla sub-division is divided into 4 administrative circles: Bongkhar, Dudunghar, Lumla and Zemithang. Jang sub-division is divided into 4 administrative circles: Jang, Mukto, Thingbu and Lhou.

There are 3 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly constituencies located in this district: Lumla, Tawang and Mukto. All of these are part of Arunachal West Lok Sabha constituency.

Villages

 * Lhau

Demographics
According to the 2011 census Tawang district has a population of 49,977, roughly equal to the nation of Saint Kitts and Nevis. This gives it a ranking of 633rd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 23 PD/sqkm. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 28.33%. Tawang	has a sex ratio of 	940	females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 60.61%.

Language
A sizeable population of 20,000 live in Tawang town. The dominant ethnic group are the Monpa, who inhabit all of the 163 villages. The Tibetan are also found in small scattered numbers throughout Tawang. The Takpa, a small tribal group, are found in small, scattered numbers in the West and the North.

Religion
Most of the people, which includes the Monpa, Takpa and the Tibetans, are Tibetan Buddhist by religion. Pre-Buddhist Bön and Shamanist influence is also evident. Festivals that include Losar, Choskar, and Torgya are held annually. The Dungyur is also celebrated in every three years of the Torgya. Both the Dungyur and Torgya festivals are celebrated at the Tawang Monastery with traditional gaiety and enthusiasm.

Transport
The 2000 km proposed Mago-Thingbu to Vijaynagar Arunachal Pradesh Frontier Highway along the McMahon Line,   (will intersect with the proposed East-West Industrial Corridor Highway) and will pass through here, alignment map of which can be seen here and here.

Economy
Most of the tribes depend on agriculture for a living. Owing to Tawang's cold climate, farmers breed yak and sheep, although in lower altitudes crops are also planted.

Tourism
Tawang is a popular tourist destination thanks to the well-preserved Tawang Monastery. The Sela Pass rises steeply and is covered with snow for most of the year. Chumi Gyatse Falls and Jang waterfall is a big tourist attraction.

Tawang district has a handicrafts centre that promotes the small-scale industries for local handicrafts.

Visitors to Tawang district require a special Inner Line Permit from the government which are available in Kolkata, Guwahati, Tezpur, and New Delhi. Most of the travel from the plains is on a steep hill road journey, crossing Sela Pass at 4176 m. Tourists can travel to Tawang from Tezpur, Assam by road. Tezpur has direct flights from Kolkata. Guwahati, Assam, is 16 hours by road. In June 2008, a daily helicopter service from Guwahati was started by the Arunachal Pradesh government.

Road travel to Tawang from Tezpur, Assam, is by buses, private taxis and shared taxis. It is an arduous journey: most of the road is loose tarmac and gravel giving way to mud in many places. However, it is a scenic journey of nearly 12 hours, crossing Bomdila Pass 2,438 metres (8,000 feet), peaking at Sela Pass 4,176 metres (13,700 feet), Jaswant Garh and, finally, Tawang. Government buses often break down (usually on the way up) and passengers end up hitchhiking in private cars and taxis. En route, local food is available, especially meat and vegetarian momos and cream buns.

Tawang also hosted the 2nd International Tourism Mart in October 2013.

Tawang Monastery
The Tawang Monastery was founded by the Mera Lama Lodre Gyatso in accordance to the wishes of the 5th Dalai Lama, Nagwang Lobsang Gyatso. The monastery belongs to the Gelugpa sect and is the largest Buddhist monastery in India. It is associated with Drepung Monastery in Lhasa. The name Tawang means Chosen Horse. It is also known by another Tibetan name, Galden Namgey Lhatse, which means a true name within a celestial paradise in a clear night.

Dalai Lama
When the current Dalai Lama (14th Dalai Lama) fled from Tibet in 1959 to escape from the Chinese army, he crossed into India on 30 March 1959 and spent some days resting at Tawang Monastery before reaching Tezpur in Assam on 18 April. As recently as 2003, the Dalai Lama said that Tawang was "actually part of Tibet". He reversed his position in 2008, acknowledging the legitimacy of the McMahon Line and the Indian claim to the region.

The Dalai Lama visited Tawang district on 8 November 2009. About 30,000 persons, including those from neighbouring Nepal and Bhutan, attended his religious discourse.

title: Tawang district


text:
User talk:Serge Patlavskiy

ARE THE SKEPTICS' AIMS SCIENTIFICALLY CORRECT? by Serge Patlavskiy E-mail: prodigyPSF@rambler.ru

Abstract

In the article the question is being issued whether the commonly accepted and many times verified methodology of investigation which is widely used in Physics can be effectively applied in cases when the objects of our investigation are, so called, paranormal consciousness-related effects. The definition of scientifically correct aim of the experimentation in the field of consciousness study, as the author sees it, is given. Some key ideas of Nonstatanalysis are presented. The new features in the relation between theory and practice are touched on.

Key words: skepticism, paranormal phenomena, methodology of investigation, scientifically correct aim, system of proofs, new meta-theory, theory of consciousness

1. What phenomena shall be called "normal"?

In my view the question "What are the paranormal phenomena?" cannot be understood without answering the question "What are the normal phenomena?". There are some groups of people to which even the ordinary ability to think is being regarded as some paranormal event. Remember the youngsters' gangs, drug-addicts' companies, hobos' societies, etc. On the other hand, the communities of absent-minded scholars, the movie stars' communities, the various poets', writers', artists', music composers', singers', Buddhist monks' communities, etc. exist, and for their members the periodical transition from the normal state to the unusual one (intuition, inspiration, creative ecstasy, ginger) is nothing but a professional routine. As a rule, the societies, the majority of members of which have their plank of normality set higher, are rather not stable, and such people can only live being dissolved (disseminated) among other people. According to Nonstatanalysis (it is some particular theoretical system, or meta-theory, see [1]) the cognitively independent entity has no immanent properties. This means that there are no phenomena which are immanently paranormal. They are we (the subjects of the cognitive process) who attribute the phenomena we are dealing with to such or other kinds. (Here I use the term "paranormal" in broad sense; e.g., psi-effects are the  phenomena; I mean that we may as well regard, say, the phenomena, etc.).

2. How to transform the paranormal phenomena into the "normal" ones?

One obvious way to do so is to move down the plank of paranormality (or, to move up the plank of normality). Maybe in ancient times the phenomena which are now being called paranormal were enough ordinary and peculiar to the ancient people. Since the position of the plank is rigidly determined by the human's historical development, I doubt it can be easily changed. But I don't reject the possibility that till our time some closed group of people (or separate individuals) survived, for whom the plank of normal abilities are set a bit high. Traditionally, the individuals with extraordinary abilities are trying to keep together and prefer not to "thrust themselves forward" (albeit some of them strive for their special human rights). I can well consider as enough possible the existence of vampires', undyings', ancient-secrets-keepers', homo-lesbo-sexuals', and other "bizarre" communities. For all of them the plank of normality has another location. (To the point, there are also skeptics' communities).

But does the other way of transforming the paranormal phenomena into the normal ones exist? Let us consider the following example. The phenomenon of lightning is not taken by the predominant majority of educated people as paranormal, because our theoretical base of the process of cognition (see [1]) has been developed enough to explain the phenomenon. But why the phenomenon of, say, anomalous information acquisition is being regarded as paranormal? The answer is plain: it is because our theoretical base of the process of cognition is not sufficiently developed. Then another reasonable question may be asked: what we have to do to develop our theoretical base, and in such a way to transform the presently unexplainable phenomena into the explainable ones? And, exactly, by answering this question a specific theoretical system, or meta-theory, named Nonstatanalysis, was constructed. In doing it, it was started with the "clear sheet of paper" (we didn't want to repeat the mistakes of others) and the first to be constructed was the *Applied ADC Theory* (see for details http://www.geocities.com/titanicpsf, section: "Theoretical background").

Let us assume that  means to construct the theory within the frames of which it will be seen as "routine" and predictable. Then, what is the role of the applied ADC theory in this process? By definition, the applied ADC theory takes any intellectual product (constructed by the subject of cognition) as its object of study. In other words, it deals with theories, hypotheses, assertions, postulations, speculations, etc. This theory states firstly that the creation of any intellectual product is constrained by a certain approach. Any approach consists of the two parts, viz.: the aim of approach and the criteria of approach. Secondly, the theory requires there to be four distinct levels of intellectual product that may be called:

1) the level of description (the D-level);

2) the level of generalization and systematization (the GS-level);

3) the level of applied theory (the AT-level);

4) the level of meta-theory (the MT-level).

Each of these levels has its own particular aim and criteria of approach (for details see [2], Appendices A and B).

Suppose, our task is to construct the theory within the frames of which the complex phenomena can be sufficiently explained. The applied ADC theory says that it is possible, but we have first to construct the appropriate meta-theory (the MT-level intellectual product) and only then to start to construct the applied theories (the AT-level intellectual products), for example: an applied theory of rare and anomalous phenomena, an applied theory of consciousness, an applied theory of diseases, etc. In other words, the applied ADC theory (here, the ADC -- it is the abbreviation from the appearance, development and compatibility of intellectual products) tells us what rules or general requirements we must obey for the constructing theory to be scientifically correct. For example, to construct Nonstatanalysis we had to formulate specific both aim and eight criteria of approach (for details, see [1]).

So, Nonstatanalysis, as the MT-level intellectual product, is an object of study for the applied ADC theory. But, on the other hand, (and it is easy to show) the applied ADC theory itself is one of the Nonstatanalysis' applied theories (see [1], Fig. 13). Speaking simply, those two intellectual products of different levels are functionally dependent on each other (they cannot exist one without other; they determine one another, etc.). Such a mutual link between the intellectual products of different levels is named functional tautology (the FT-relation).

3. What is the scientifically correct aim of the experimentation?

Let us assume that our task is to construct the theory of the paranormal consciousness-related phenomena. In case I investigate my consciousness, I am an investigator, a theorist and an object of investigation at the same time. Therefore, I (as the investigator, a theorist) am in the relation of functional tautology with me, as the object of investigation. Only under such a constraint the results of the experimentation will favor the development of the theory of consciousness or, the experiment will have the scientifically correct aim. Next, the extremely important conclusion follows: the experiment, where the functional tautology is present, will only favor the development of a theory, which itself is being constructed by using the relations of functional tautology as well. Here it is submitted that since no one of the hitherto proposed theories of consciousness (for the exception of the Nonstatanalysis' applied theory of consciousness) were presented with the FT-relations, there is no wonder why the paranormal consciousness-related phenomena still stay unexplained. It may be said in addition that the FT-relations take place every time when we investigate our ability to investigate, we try to understand our ability to understand, we want to be conscious about our consciousness, we think about our ability to think, or, in general, when we try to investigate our mind using our mind as an instrument of investigation (following the ancient investigative paradigm formulated as "Cognosce te ipsum").

Moreover, we have even to formulate, so called, the *Principle of Cognitive Indeterminacy*, which states:

"When the human investigates his own conscious subjective experience, then the more strictly he tries to enframe his conscious experience which is taken as the object of investigation (the term means , syn.: to select, to choose, to single out, etc.) the less strictly at the same time he can use this conscious experience as a theoretical base of such an investigation. And vice versa: the more strictly he uses his conscious experience which is taken as a theoretical base of investigation, the less strictly at the same time he can enframe his conscious experience as an object of investigation."

The whole matter resolves itself into the next few words: the Principle of cognitive indeterminacy says about the objective obstacles in the way of construction of the scientific theory of consciousness. When a scientist investigates some distant physical object, his ability to investigate (clarity of thinking, making logical conclusions, seeing real things, etc.) is unchangeable for a long time during the experiment. However, in case the scientist investigates his own consciousness (especially, the altered states of consciousness) he cannot further rely on the results being obtained. It happens because his ability to investigate, to think, to evaluate, etc. changes badly. And the above mentioned principle exactly talks about indeterminacy of results which takes place when we encroach on the province of the paranormal consciousness-related phenomena. I would say more: if some author's theory has pretensions of being proudly called , but does not show the ways of overcoming the Principle of cognitive indeterminacy, we may be confident that his theory won't serve its purposes. In Nonstatanalysis this Principle overcomes by using a specific theoretical modeling (a bit later we will come to this point in more details).

But let's return to our muttons. Why it was so important to determine what aim of the experiment may be called scientifically correct? The case is that we were much disappointed having found in Internet the information about the skeptics' challenge (see [3]). They promise to pay a big sum of money to any individual or individuals who will provide evidence of their paranormal abilities. The announcement is: "We are only interested in an actual demonstration" [4]. We hazard to remark that the results of the demonstration experiments on testing the presence of paranormal power may serve the popularization aims, or they may satisfy some reach man's curiosity, but they are of small value for the theorist who develops the theory of the mechanisms of the paranormal effects.

4. Some peculiarities of the IIS-experimentation.

Skeptics say that the providing evidence of paranormal abilities must be done under the "satisfactory observing conditions", the "proper observing conditions", the "mutually agreed-upon observing conditions" [3]. We may wander what do those conditions' attributions mean? Suppose we are walking along the street. Suddenly we feel that something happens with us. At first we cannot quite realize what the reason may be, but when we enter the home we learn that one of our relatives was about to die, and was taken to a hospital. Now then, if we will want to demonstrate the presence of a paranormal link between us and our relative (to prove that the phenomenon was real), the following experiment must be established: under the "satisfactory, proper, mutually agreed-upon" observing conditions we will have to walk several (at least three) times along the street being connected by wires to the numerous physical devices. At the same time, one experimentalist will torture our relative, and the other one will read the indications and conclude whether some my physiological parameters are changing. Do you understand the idea and the whole irony? Such an experiment is impossible on the variety of reasons, one of them -- morality. (We are not even discussing here the question whether the changing of the human's physiological parameters can be unambiguously linked with the presence of the paranormal force).

We have mentioned above that to explain the paranormal phenomena the particular theoretical base of the process of cognition must be developed. In Nonstatanalysis such a new base is developed using the Postulate on existence of the integrated information system (or, abbreviated -- IIS; for details see [1], [2]). According to the Postulate, 1) the particular form of information exists which includes all possible information about the experimental space (including the object investigated).

But such a new form of information: 2) already can not be regarded as a mechanical collection of the data received; 3) is described by universal both three systemic characteristics and one characteristic of its state; 4) has several universal properties; 5) obeys the Law of development, which is general for all similar systems.

The methodology of the IIS-experiment foresees the bringing of a single, separately taken phenomenon of Reality to the form of IIS. Then, according to the Postulate, the IIS{phenomenon} will behave like any other integrated information systems, having the universal properties and obeying the universal Law. The possibility to bring to the form of IIS of even one, separately taken phenomenon makes possible to use the IIS-modeling when investigating the non-replicable (or, non-statistical) phenomena. Among them are the major of rare, anomalous phenomena, psi-effect, etc. (hence the term  coins).

The "normal" consciousness-related phenomena take place when the state characteristic of the IIS{human} stays unchanged throughout the experiment. But when investigating the paranormal ones, we are dealing with the cases when the state characteristic of the IIS{human} changes to a such extent that we already cannot neglect of its change. The experiment, during which the state characteristic of the IIS{object} changes badly is called the *IIS-experiment*. Remember that to achieve the correct scientific aim during the experiment, the investigator must be the part of the experimental space -- he himself is the object of the experimentation (only in such a case an appropriate system of proofs can be used; see below in the text). Figuratively speaking, during the IIS-experiment the theorist demonstrates his "paranormal" abilities to himself (see [2], Appendix D, for a simple IIS-experiment). Therefore the investigator-theorist may safely rely upon the receiving data, because there is no sense of cheating himself. The traditional methodology of investigation (widely used, say, in Physics) when the investigator investigates some distant physical phenomenon cannot be applied in cases when the aim of our investigation is to construct the objective theory of the paranormal consciousness-related phenomena. In other words, if the method, that has been proved useful in Physics, is being applied in reference to the phenomena that by their nature differ from the physical ones, then that method cannot already be called scientific.

5. Is the existing system of proofs sufficient?

The system of proofs used in Physics is developed around the physical (material) objects and cannot be efficiently (by analogy) applied when studying the most of paranormal evanescent effects. To conduct the scientifically correct experiments in the field of consciousness studies, the principally another system of proofs is required, since we deal here with the IIS-experiments. Now then, the system of proofs which meets the requirements of the IIS-experimentation is developed in Nonstatanalysis (for the pictorial primary rendition of it see [1], Fig. 1) and is used in addition to the traditional one. We do not want to go here into much details and can only say that this system of proofs directly shows which phenomena are possible, real (albeit rare, or very unlikely), and which ones are impossible in principle. By using this system, the charlatanism may be easily determined without putting, say, the occult practitioner, under the scrupulous bench study.

In general, Nonstatanalysis was designed to give the scientists the additional tools in their efforts to explain Reality. It by no means opposes to the mainstream Science (albeit contradicts to some of its tenets), but rather augments it. Since the application of the IIS-methodology has an interdisciplinary character (it may be used in reference to various kinds of phenomena; see [1]), therefore any scientist being the specialist in his narrow field may participate in the improvement of Nonstatanalysis (see "The Open Theory Project" at http://patlavskiy.012webpages.com).

6. Is the gap between the theory and the practice immutable?

Skeptics announce: "PLEASE: Do not burden us with theories, philosophical observations, previous examples, or other comments! We are only interested in an actual demonstration" [4]. The irony with this announcement is that in case of conducting the consciousness-related experiments with proviso the experiment has a scientifically correct aim, we are not allowed to talk about the demonstration without talking about the theory, and vice versa. From Nonstatanalysis follows that, in case of using the IIS-modeling, the change, done in the IIS-model of some physical process, can produce an influence upon the real physical process, which was modeled using the IIS-modeling. This means, first, that the traditionally known gap between the theory and the experiment disappears (cf.: the gap between the mind and body); secondly, many so called psychokinetic effects may be now satisfactorily explained; and the third, if Nonstatanalysis' conclusions are true, we are standing before the possibility of using the new and tremendously powerful means of influence upon Reality.

7. Conclusions

Other skeptics confess: "It's important to remember that as this is a scientific inquiry, a failure to successfully complete the test does not indicate that the power the challenger claims does not exist, it merely indicates that on this particular occasion it was not present, and that it remains unproved" (see [5]). We submit that experiments in the field of consciousness studies being conducted without the necessary theoretical background indicate nothing! But the question here is a valid one: why it is so necessary to prove the existence of the challenger's power? What is the big aim of proving it? What is it all for? We responsibly state that the paranormal consciousness-related phenomena do exist (and the 99.9% of people will maintain this statement), but the quite another problem is that having not got an appropriate theoretical basement for evaluation of the results obtained, we are risking not to understand and not to believe into the phenomenon's existence even in case we will ourselves be "flying under the ceiling". The case is that when some scholar-skeptic has no theory which explains the phenomenon, he will never believe in the reality of the phenomenon. You can hundred times demonstrate to him the presence of paranormal power, you may beat thousand-to-one, ten-thousands-to-one odds against a chance results, and, all the same, he will ask for a million-to-one odds against a chance result, and so on infinitesimally. At that his typical answer will be: "It does not exist because it mustn't exist according to my convictions grounded on the established meta-theory -- The Modern Scientific Picture of the World". Such is the nature of skepticism, alas!

Now then, with the advancement of Nonstatanalysis we are getting a new meta-theory which regards consciousness and the consciousness-related paranormal phenomena as the legitimate ingredients of Reality we live in. This meta-theory enables to construct an ensemble of applied theories including the theory of the complex and the consciousness-related phenomena (see [1], Figure 13). It is easy to show that without such a meta-theory (or the one similar to it), beyond the ensemble of the applied theories, the scientifically correct Theory of Consciousness cannot be constructed in principle. Therefore, the skeptics' organizations should rather make investments into theoretical investigations than for the popularizing demonstrations.

REFERENCES

1. Serge Patlavskiy, "Elaboration of the New Paradigm of Interdisciplinary Investigations", Journal of Conscientiology, Volume 1, Number 4, pp. 305-36, 1999, or at http://cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/archive/00003571/

2. Serge Patlavskiy, "The Key Ingredients of a Specific Interdisciplinary Approach to Consciousness" (at http://www.geocities.com/spatlavskiy).

3. Psi Research/Skepticism/Challenges http://www.psiresearch.net

4. James Randi Educational Foundation http://www.randi.org/research/challenge.html

5. Australian Skeptics http://www.skeptics.com.au/features/challenge.htm

title: User talk:Serge Patlavskiy


text:
David H. Turpin

David Howard Turpin (born 14 July 1956) is a Canadian scholar and the former university president. Turpin was the president and vice-chancellor of the University of Alberta (2015–2020) and the University of Victoria (2000 to 2013).

In 2010, he was appointed a member of the Order of Canada.

Early life and education
In 1977 Turpin received a BSc degree in cell biology from the University of British Columbia. In 1980 he received a PhD degree in botany and oceanography from the University of British Columbia.

Career
From 2000 to 2013 Turpin was the president and vice-chancellor of the University of Victoria. Turpin was appointed the president and vice-chancellor of the University of Alberta in 2015. He did not seek renewal for a second term, and his term at the University of Alberta ended on 30 June 2020. Turpin is president emeritus of the University of Alberta. He was appointed as a member of the board of directors for Polar Knowledge Canada for 5 years from January 2023 to January 2028.

Awards and distinctions

 * Honorary Doctor of Laws, University of Manitoba (2015)
 * Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal (2012)
 * Member, Order of Canada (2010)
 * ISI Highly Cited Researcher (2004)
 * Queen's Golden Jubilee Medal (2002)
 * Fellow, Royal Society of Canada (1998)
 * Who's Who in Canada (1997)
 * Who's Who in Science and Engineering (1996)
 * Who's Who in America (1995)
 * Darbaker Prize in Phycology, American Botanical Association (1991)

title: David H. Turpin


text:
BPB

BPB may refer to:

 * BPB plc (British Plaster Board), a British building materials business
 * Ballet Palm Beach, an American professional ballet company
 * BIOS parameter block, a computing data structure
 * Boridi Airport, Boridi, Papua New Guinea, IATA airport code BPB
 * Brighton Photo Biennial, a month-long British festival of photography
 * Bromophenol blue, a dye
 * Federal Agency for Civic Education (Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung, or bpb), a German government agency
 * Pasto language, ISO 639-3 code bpb

title: BPB


text:
File:Sampled-sines-cosines-aliasing.png

Also see
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aliasing_between_a_positive_and_a_negative_frequency.png

title: File:Sampled-sines-cosines-aliasing.png


text: User talk:84.24.105.93

title: User talk:84.24.105.93