text:
Wazirabad

Wazirabad (Urdu/) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan. It is the administrative capital of Wazirabad District (formerly a Tehsil of Gujranwala District).

Famous for its cutlery products, it is known as the city of cutlery and is also quite famous for its foods.

Wazirabad is situated on the banks of the Chenab River nearly 100 kilometres north of Lahore on the Grand Trunk Road. It is 45 kilometres from Sialkot, 30 kilometres from Gujranwala, and about 12 kilometres from Gujrat. The city of Wazirabad is the headquarters of former Wazirabad Tehsil (now called Wazirabad District in 2023), an administrative subdivision of the district, the city itself is subdivided into 12 Union Councils.

History
The city was founded by Wazir Khan, the governor and later, Grand Vizier of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 17th century. The town was taken over by Charat Singh around 1760 together with other towns in the district. Maharaja Ranjit Singh occupied the town in 1809 and Avitabile was appointed as the Nazim of the city. In 1855, Jarral Rajputs of Rajouri Own Saman Burj Wazirabad ruled Wazirabad. He built an entirely new town, with a straight broad bazaar running through it, and side streets at right angles.

British rule
During British rule, Wazirabad was the headquarters of the old Wazirabad District, broken up in 1851-2, and was the site of a military cantonment moved to Sialkot in 1855.

The municipality was created in 1867, the population, according to the 1901 census, was 18,069. The income during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 20,800, and the expenditure Rs. 21,400. In 1903-4 the income was Rs. 20,800, chiefly from octroi; and the expenditure was Rs. 19,200. The town had a considerable trade in timber, which comes down the Chenab from Jammu territory. The smiths of Wazirabad had a reputation for the manufacture of small articles of cutlery, and the town of Nizamabad within a mile of the town is famed for its weapons. Wazirabad was an important junction on the North-Western Railway, as the Sialkot-Jammu and Lyallpur lines both branch off of here.

The Chenab river is spanned opposite Wazirabad by the Alexandra railway bridge, one of the finest engineering works of the kind in India, which was opened in 1876 by Edward VII the King-Emperor when he was Prince of Wales. The town possessed two Anglo-vernacular high schools, one maintained by the Church of Scotland Mission, and a government dispensary.

Colleges and universities in Gujranwala

 * University of the Punjab, Gujranwala
 * Allama Iqbal Open University
 * Virtual University of Pakistan
 * GIFT University
 * Government College Gujranwala
 * University of Central Punjab

Notable residents

 * Abdul Mannan Wazirabadi, Islamic scholar
 * Fazal Ilahi Wazirabadi, Islamic scholar and freedom fighter
 * Hamid Nasir Chattha, former Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan
 * Iftikhar Cheema, Retired Justice and Member National Assembly for 3 tenures
 * Nisar Ahmed Cheema, Ex-DG Health Punjab and Member National Assembly
 * Jawwad S. Khawaja, 23rd Chief Justice of Pakistan
 * Atif Aslam, Singer
 * S. A. Rahman, fifth Chief Justice of Pakistan
 * Shaikh Nazrul Bakar, civil servant
 * Noon Meem Rashid, progressive poet
 * Munnu Bhai, writer
 * Razia Butt, writer
 * Krishan Chander, writer
 * Maulana Zafar Ali Khan, writer, poet, and journalist
 * Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi: Muslim theologian, orator and revivalist leader
 * Mazhar ul Islam, writer
 * Raja Mehdi Ali Khan (film songs lyricist)
 * Allah Bakhsh (painter-artist)
 * Shaukat Manzoor Cheema, politician

title: Wazirabad


text:
USS Crosby

USS Crosby (DD–164) was a Wickes-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II, later reclassified as APD-17. She was named for Admiral Peirce Crosby.

Construction and commissioning
Crosby was launched on 28 September 1918 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation's Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts, sponsored by Mrs. C. Tittman. The ship was commissioned on 24 January 1919.

Service history
After commissioning, Crosby reported to the Atlantic Fleet. She joined in exercises in Guantanamo Bay until sailing for Trepassey Bay, Newfoundland in May 1919, to serve as plane guard during the historic flight of Navy seaplanes, the first aerial crossing of the Atlantic.

On 1 July 1919, Crosby was assigned to the Pacific Fleet, and a week later she sailed from New York for San Diego, arriving on 7 August. She visited Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington, then was placed in reserve status with reduced complement at San Diego on 30 January 1920. She continued in reserve and was decommissioned on 7 June 1922.

World War II
Recommissioned on 18 December 1939, Crosby sailed on Neutrality Patrol out of San Pedro on 1 April 1940. On 3 April she collided with, and sank, the fishing vessel Lone Eagle off Point Arguello, California. On 1 July 1940, she was assigned to the 11th Naval District Defense Forces, and after a reserve training cruise resumed her patrols and provided services to Destroyer Base, San Diego for the training of destroyer crews.

With the entry of the United States into the war, Crosby continued to patrol the waters of the 11th Naval District and to escort convoys locally until 1 February 1943 when she entered Mare Island Navy Yard for conversion to a high-speed transport. She was reclassified APD-17 on 22 February 1943.

Clearing San Francisco on 27 February 1943, Crosby sailed by way of Pearl Harbor, Samoa, Viti Levu, and Noumea to Espiritu Santo, arriving on 27 March for training exercises with the 4th Marines. Beginning the active service which was to bring her a Navy Unit Commendation, Crosby sailed on 29 April for Guadalcanal as a transport screen. She made two similar voyages until 6 June, and then reported for patrol and escort duty in the Solomons. Crosby aided in the consolidation of the Solomons, landing troops on New Georgia between 30 June and 5 July; on the Treasury Islands under heavy gunfire on 27 October; and on Bougainville on 6 and 17 November. She sailed on 21 November for overhaul at Brisbane, Australia, returning to Milne Bay, New Guinea on 12 December. She trained Army and Marine personnel in amphibious landings, then landed troops at Cape Gloucester, New Britain, between 24 and 29 December 1943 and at Dekays Bay, New Guinea on 2 January 1944.

Clearing Milne Bay on 6 January 1944, Crosby escorted convoys from Espiritu Santo to the Solomon Islands through January, remaining in the Solomons on antisubmarine patrol and screening duty. She landed troops on Green Island from 15 to 20 February and on Emirau Island on 20 March. Returning to the New Guinea operations on 6 April, she landed troops at Aitape on 22 and 26 April; escorted convoys to Hollandia; participated in the invasion of Biak Island on 27 May; and served as flagship for landing craft in Humboldt Bay from 31 May to 6 July. Following a brief overhaul at Manus, she landed troops on Cape Sansapor on 30 July, then sailed to Sydney, Australia, for replenishment and repairs. She returned to Humboldt Bay on 30 August and landed troops on Morotai on 15 September to complete her operations in the New Guinea area.

Crosby put out from Humboldt Bay on 12 October 1944 and put men of the 6th Rangers ashore on Suluan Island, Leyte on 17 October, for a reconnaissance mission. In preparation for the invasion landings, she landed troops on Dinagat Island, at the opening of Leyte Gulf on 19 and 20 October. Reloading troops at Humboldt Bay, she landed them in Ormoc Bay on 7 December. She recovered the survivors of USS Ward (DD-139) which was sunk by American gunfire after severe damage from Japanese kamikazes. Crosby participated in the landings on Mindoro 15 December and again returned to Humboldt Bay for additional men. After landing her troops at Lingayen Gulf on 11 January 1945, Crosby continued to support the Luzon landings, landing men successfully at Nasugbu on 31 January; Mariveles on 15 February; and Corregidor on 17 February. On 25 February she cleared for Ulithi and an overhaul.

Crosby arrived at Okinawa on 18 April and for antisubmarine patrol and radar picket duty, narrowly escaping damage from a kamikaze on 13 May. She stood out for San Francisco 18 May and arrived 19 June. Overage and badly battered from her long and strenuous service, it was considered unfeasible to repair her. Crosby was decommissioned 28 September 1945 and sold 23 May 1946, to Boston Metals Co., Baltimore Maryland.

Awards
In addition to her Navy Unit Commendation, Crosby earned 10 battle stars for World War II service.

As of 2004, no other ship in the United States Navy has borne this name.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: USS Crosby


text: User talk:81.131.236.219

title: User talk:81.131.236.219


text:
Francisco Rebollo López

Francisco Rebollo López (born August 5, 1938 in San Juan, Puerto Rico), is a Puerto Rican jurist, who served as an Associate Justice on the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico from 1982 until his mandatory retirement in 2008.

Career
Rebollo He completed studies at the School of Commercial Administration from the University of Puerto Rico, graduating in 1959 and received his law degree from the University of Puerto Rico School of Law in 1963. He went to serve in various courts of Puerto Rico until Governor Carlos Romero Barceló appointed him to the Supreme Court. He took the oath of office in July 1982 after ratification by the Senate of Puerto Rico. In the court, Justice Rebollo has taken a moderate path in his judicial opinions, often being the swing vote in court decisions.

Rebollo has held the position of Interim Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico during periods when the seat of Chief Justice has been vacant. Continued to serve as Associate Justice until his retirement in 2008.

Rebollo is affiliated with the New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico.

title: Francisco Rebollo López


text:
User:Acrstudio

My current main current subjects of interest on Wikipedia:
 * Art
 * Ceramic art
 * Majolica
 * Tin-glazing
 * Painting
 * Sculpture
 * Design
 * Graphic Design
 * Information Design
 * Interaction Design
 * Product Design
 * Web Design
 * New York City
 * East Village, Manhattan
 * Brooklyn

I can also work on articles related to contemporary art and craft. - acrstudio

title: User:Acrstudio


text: User talk:69.34.31.209

title: User talk:69.34.31.209


text:
User talk:Yhr

Thanks, Yhr. Opus33 23:54, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Notification: changes to "Mark my edits as minor by default" preference
Hello there. This is an automated message to tell you about the gradual phasing out of the preference entitled "Mark all edits minor by default", which you currently have enabled.

On 13 March 2011, this preference was hidden from the user preferences screen as part of efforts to prevent its accidental misuse (consensus discussion). This had the effect of locking users in to their existing preference, which, in your case, was. To complete the process, your preference will automatically be changed to  in the next few days. This does not require any intervention on your part and you will still be able to manually mark your edits as being 'minor'. The only thing that's changed is that you will no longer be able to have them marked as minor by default. For more information on what a minor edit is, see WP:MINOR or feel to get in touch.

Thank you for your understanding and happy editing :) Editing on behalf of User:Jarry1250, LivingBot (talk) 22:08, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:Yhr


text:
User talk:ChibiKuririn

I like pie.

Wikipedia
Wikipedia is an encyclopedia. Wikipedia's administrators prohibit the use of Wikipedia as a dictionary. 66.32.250.110 00:05, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

An invitation to join WikiProject Ohio
 Hi, you are listed under Category:Wikipedians in Ohio or one of its subcategories. WikiProject Ohio has been slowing down and we're looking for active Ohioans to turn that around! But first, let us introduce ourselves; we're a group of editors working to improve Wikipedia's coverage of topics related to Ohio and we're sure there's somewhere you'll fit in just fine. The project's departments include article quality assessment: We have over 5,000 articles to assess for class alone, newsletter writing: This has been delayed by a few months, and new page patrolling: Which has also been slowing down. We also have a newly formed taskforce on our over 1,000 townships at WP:OHTWP.

We have 132 members, many of which are not active within the project. If you are listed there and still received this message please accept the auotmated porcess's apologies. If you are interested in joining us please list you name here. If you're not interested please note this is a one time invite and you will never hear from us again.

If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to leave a message at our talkpage or with any member of the project, we'll be happy to answer any of your questions. We look forward to seeing you around!

Delivered by: §hepBot  ( Disable )  04:00, 25 October 2008 (UTC)

The first Wikipedian meetup in Ohio
Thanks! --Rkitko (talk) 19:30, 19 April 2009 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:Wayne Marston in the HoC.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Wayne Marston in the HoC.jpg, which you've attributed to Wayne Marston. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file has agreed to release it under the given license.

If you are the copyright holder for this media entirely yourself but have previously published it elsewhere (especially online), please either
 * make a note permitting reuse under the CC-BY-SA or another acceptable free license (see this list) at the site of the original publication; or
 * Send an email from an address associated with the original publication to permissions-en@wikimedia.org, stating your ownership of the material and your intention to publish it under a free license. You can find a sample permission letter here. If you take this step, add OTRS pending to the file description page to prevent premature deletion.

If you did not create it entirely yourself, please ask the person who created the file to take one of the two steps listed above, or if the owner of the file has already given their permission to you via email, please forward that email to permissions-en@wikimedia.org.

If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as non-free fair use or one of the other tags listed at File copyright tags, and add a rationale justifying the file's use on the article or articles where it is included. See File copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have provided evidence that their copyright owners have agreed to license their works under the tags you supplied, too. You can find a list of files you have created in [ your upload log]. Files lacking evidence of permission may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. You may wish to read the Wikipedia's image use policy. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.  Ron h jones  (Talk) 21:07, 5 June 2013 (UTC)

 * Thanks for letting me know about this. I've forwarded this to Wayne and his Member's Assistant, and one of them will be sending a permission letter to permissions-en@wikimedia.org within the next 48 hours. ChibiKuririn (talk) 15:19, 10 June 2013 (UTC)

You're invited! Great Buckeye Wiknic 2016

Hello there! You are invited to attend the Great Buckeye Wiknic in Columbus, Ohio on Sunday, July 10th from 1:00 to 5:00 PM! Join us for a day in the park for food and socializing with others from the Wikimedia movement. We'll be meeting up at Fred Beekman Park, a park on Ohio State University's campus.

If you're interested, please take a look at our events page for more information, including parking info, food options, and available activities. If you plan on attending, please add your name to the attendees list. We look forward to seeing you!

If you have any questions, feel free to leave one on my talk page. Thanks! ~ Super  Hamster  Talk Contribs 05:39, 29 June 2016 (UTC)

(Note: If you would like to stop receiving notifications regarding Wikimedia events around Ohio, you may remove your username from this list.)

title: User talk:ChibiKuririn


text:
Nauheed Cyrusi

Nauheed Cyrusi is an Indian actress, model, and VJ.

Early life
Cyrusi was born into an Indian Parsi Zoroastrian family in Belfast, Northern Ireland. She was raised in Mumbai and did her schooling from The J.B. Vachha Girls High School and graduated from the Jai Hind College with a degree in Business Management.

Career
Nauheed first appeared in an advertisement for Dhara Refined Oil, while she was in school. Subsequently, she went on to appear in advertisements for Head & Shoulders, Britannia Little Hearts Biscuits, and Ayurvedic Concepts (now Himalaya).

She also appeared in several music videos, most notably for the song "Piya Basanti".

She made her debut in 2003 with Padam Kumar's Hindi film, Supari, starring Uday Chopra. Subsequently, Vikram Bhatt chose her for Inteha opposite Ashmit Patel. She then appeared in youth-oriented tele-series Hip Hip Hurray. In 2004, Cyrusi starred in the Telugu film Sakhiya with Tarun Kumar.

She attended the India Fashion Week and the Allen Solly Fashion Show, along with fellow actress Koel Purie. In 2007, she appeared in Life Mein Kabhie Kabhiee, ADA...A Way of Life, and Anwar, which was directed by Manish Jha, and also Lakeer.

She featured in Kisaan and Kurbaan in 2009 and Kuch Spice To Make It Meetha in 2012 with Purab Kohli and Kavish Mishra.

Personal life
She married Rustom Contractor on 5 January 2017.

title: Nauheed Cyrusi


text:
Suba language

Kisuba, also known as Olusuba, is a Bantu language spoken by the Suba people of Kenya. The language features an extensive noun-classification system using prefixes that address gender and number. Suba clans are located on the eastern shore and islands of Lake Victoria in Kenya and Tanzania. They have formed alliances with neighboring clans, such as the Luo people, via intermarriages, and as a result a majority of Suba people are bilingual in Dholuo. The Suba religion has an ancient polytheistic history that includes writings of diverse, ancestral spirits. A recent revival of the Suba language and its culture has influenced the increasing number of native speakers each year.

History
Suba is an African language spoken by the Sub-Saharan people on the eastern shores of Lake Victoria. Trade dependence was established in the mid-19th century between the Suba people and the Luo, a larger neighboring clan. After a period of interaction, both clans became accustomed to each other's traditions and practices. Eventually, through factors such as intermarriage, education, and religion, both clans would combine and become known as the Luo-Suba. With Luo being the larger population, the alliance would decrease the demand for people to speak Suba, and in consequence, decreasing the number of native Suban speakers. Most Suban speakers became bilingual in both Suba and Luo. In the mid-1990s, a revival of the Suba language occurred after the Kenyan government initiated the Suba language project, where Suba was introduced as a subject in Kenyan primary schools. In addition, many written examples of the Suban language have been studied through ancient Suban religious texts. These texts depict a detailed polytheistic religion that describes spirits of ancient ancestors as protectors of family and land. Presently, Christianity is the major religion practiced by the Suban people, where in 2010, the New Testament was translated into Suba.

Geographical distribution
The Suba language and its native speakers are located on the African eastern shores of Lake Victoria, populating both Kenya and Tanzania. Additionally, Suban natives are located on various islands within Lake Victoria.

Grammar
Suban grammar and its characteristics are similar to other Bantu languages.

Phonology
Suba, being a Bantu language, consists of a Bantu phonology typical of other Bantu languages. In general, Suba consists of 11 consonants and 7 vowels. Constants only occur at the beginning of syllables, creating a syllable structure of V or CV. Syllables can begin with vowels but always need to end in them. Suban syllables also consist of two different tones, low and high. A high tone is marked with an acute accent (´), and a low is marked with a grave accent (`) or not marked at all. Low tones are more common in the Suban language.

Morphology/syntax
Its extensive noun classification system uses prefixing to mark gender and number, in turn determining whether the noun is singular or plural.

An important characteristic of Suban word structure is its ability to change number and meanings of words through minor changes to their words' prefixes. The prefix of a noun denotes the noun class and number to a noun, making a noun without a prefix meaningless. Most Bantu noun classification systems contain 22 noun classes, accommodating singular and plural forms as two separate noun classes. Instead, Suba contains ten noun classes by combining singular and plural forms into the same noun classes. Similarities in nominal and pronominal prefixes determine what noun belongs to what noun class. By establishing a smaller noun class, the Suba language can use a less extensive prefixing system to change the meaning and plurality of words. In addition, the meaning of the root noun can fluctuate depending on the prefix used, specifically seen in pronouns. The usual word order for the Suba language is SVO, similar to English and other Bantu languages. Adjectives and number roots must agree in noun class and number with the nouns they act on.

Writing system
The Suba writing system is based on the Latin script. The use of Latin script has made it easier for Suban people to practice Christianity and translate verses of biblical texts. The Suba numeral system also has Latin descent as it uses lower order to establish higher order. With Suba being one of the marginalized Bantu languages of Kenya, much more description of the language still needs to be studied.

title: Suba language


text:
Chenab River

The Chenab River is a major river that flows in India and Pakistan, and is one of the 5 major rivers of the Punjab region. It is formed by the union of two headwaters, Chandra and Bhaga, which rise in the upper Himalayas in the Lahaul region of Himachal Pradesh, India. The Chenab flows through the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, India, into the plains of Punjab, Pakistan, before ultimately flowing into the Indus River. The Battle of Chenab was fought between Sikhs and Afghans on the bank of the river.

The waters of the Chenab were allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty. India is allowed non-consumptive uses such as power generation. The Chenab River is extensively used in Pakistan for irrigation. Its waters are also transferred to the channel of the Ravi River via numerous link canals.

Name
The Chenab river was called  (असिक्नी) in the Rigveda (VIII.20.25, X.75.5). The name meant that it was seen to have dark-coloured waters. The term Krishana is also found in the Atharvaveda. A later form of Askikni was Iskamati (इस्कामति) and the Greek form was Ἀκεσίνης - Akesínes; Latinized to Acesines.

In the Mahabharata, the common name of the river was Chandrabhaga (चन्द्रभागा) because the river is formed from the confluence of the Chandra and the Bhaga rivers. This name was also known to the Ancient Greeks, who Hellenised it in various forms such as Sandrophagos, Sandabaga and Cantabra.

The simplification of Chandrabhaga to 'Chenab', with evident Persianate influence, probably occurred in early medieval times and is witnessed in Alberuni.

Course
The river is formed by the confluence of two rivers, Chandra and Bhaga, at Tandi, 8 km southwest of Keylong, in the Lahaul and Spiti district of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.

The Bhaga river originates from Surya taal lake, which is situated a few kilometers west of the Bara-lacha la pass in Himachal Pradesh. The Chandra river originates from glaciers east of the same pass (near Chandra Taal). This pass also acts as a water-divide between these two rivers. The Chandra river transverses 115 km while the Bhaga river transverses 60 km through narrow gorges before their confluence at Tandi.

The Chandra-Bhaga then flows through the Chamba district in Himachal Pradesh before entering the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir, where it flows through the Kishtwar, Doda, Ramban, Reasi and Jammu districts. It enters Pakistan and flows through the Punjab province before emptying into the Sutlej, forming the Panjnad river.

History
The river was known to Indians in the Vedic period. In 325 BCE, Alexander the Great allegedly founded the town of Alexandria on the Indus (present-day Uch Sharif or Mithankot or Chacharan in Pakistan) at the confluence of the Indus and the combined streams of Punjab rivers (currently known as the Panjnad River). Arrian, in the Anabasis of Alexander, quotes the eyewitness Ptolemy Lagides as writing that the river was 2 miles wide where Alexander crossed it.

Dams
The river has rich power generation potential in India. There are many dams built, under construction or proposed to be built on the Chenab for the purpose of hydroelectric power generation in the country, including: • Baglihar Hydroelectric power project (900 MW) near Ramban

• Salal Dam - 690 MW hydroelectric power project near Reasi

• Dul Hasti Hydroelectric Plant - 390 MW type power project in Kishtwar District

• Ratle Hydroelectric Plant - an under-construction power station near Drabshalla in Kishtwar District

• Pakal Dul Dam - a proposed dam on a tributary Marusadar River in Kishtwar District

• Kiru Hydroelectric Power Project (624 MW proposed) located in Kishtwar district

• Kishtwar Hydroelectric Power Project (540 MW proposed) located in Kishtwar district

All of these are "run-of-the-river" projects as per the Indus Water Treaty of 1960. The Treaty allocates the waters of Chenab to Pakistan. India can use its water for domestic and agricultural uses or for "non-consumptive" uses such as hydropower. India is entitled to store up to 1.2 e6acre-ft of water in its projects. The three projects completed, Salal, Baglihar and Dul Hasti, have a combined storage capacity of 260 e3acre-ft.

Pakistan has four headworks on the Chenab: • Marala Headworks - located near Sialkot and Gujrat District

• Khanki Headworks - located in Gujranwala District

• Qadirabad Headworks - located in Mandi Bahauddin District

• Trimmu Barrage - located in Jhang District

title: Chenab River


text:
Efraín Rivera Pérez

Efraín E. Rivera Pérez (July 15, 1951 – 15 September 2013) was a Puerto Rican jurist who served as an Associate Justice on the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico. He held the position from 2000 to 2010.

Personal life
Born in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, he earned his bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, and in 1975, he acquired the degree of Juris Doctor from the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico School of Law in Ponce, Puerto Rico.

Career
He began his career as a trial lawyer, and later became a trial lawyer. 1983, served as District Judge, appointed by then-Governor Carlos Romero Barceló. From 1983 to 1984 he served as a Judge District Court Administrator, Mayagüez Judicial Region

In 1993 Governor Pedro Rosselló hired him to be his Legal Advisor. He also served as Deputy Secretary of Justice.

In 2000 he was appointed to the Supreme Court by Governor Rosselló. He took the oath of office on July 13, 2000 after confirmation by the Senate. On June 2, 2010 he announced that he resigned his position, making the effective date of his resignation July 31, 2010. He was replaced by Appeals Court judge Edgardo Rivera García.

Two months later, Governor Luis Fortuño appointed him as a special monitor to oversee and make recommendations on the operations of the Puerto Rico Police Department, after over 60 of its agents were arrested following an FBI sting against police corruption.

Death
Efraín Rivera Pérez died on 15 September 2013 in a motorcycle accident in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico. He was 62 years old.

title: Efraín Rivera Pérez


text: User talk:68.37.137.227

title: User talk:68.37.137.227


text: Category:Clay County, South Dakota

title: Category:Clay County, South Dakota


text:
Francisco Rolão Preto

Francisco de Barcelos Rolão Preto, GCIH (12 February 1893, Gavião – 18 December 1977, Hospital do Desterro, Lisbon) was a Portuguese politician, journalist, and leader of the Portuguese National Syndicalists Movement (MNS), a fascist organization. When in 1934 Salazar decided to ban the National Syndicalist Movement, Preto was briefly detained and later exiled. While in exiled and in Madrid, he was a guest in the house of José Antonio Primo de Rivera, with whom he collaborated in formulating a program for the Falange. In the eve of the Second World War he published a new editions of his work on Italian Fascism with high hopes on the Berlin-Rome axis. After World War II, Rolão Preto abandoned fascism and joined the left-wing forum Movement of Democratic Unity. In 1949 he participated in General Norton de Matos’s 1949 presidential election campaign. He also backed more liberal candidates for the Presidency, such as Quintão Meireles, Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes, and, ultimately, had a particularly important role (campaign press manager) in the 1958 campaign of another Salazar's opponent, General Humberto Delgado.

After the Revolution of April 25, with Gonçalo Ribeiro Telles, Henrique Barrilaro Ruas, João Camossa de Saldanha, Augusto Ferreira do Amaral, Luís Coimbra, among others, he founded the People's Monarchist Party.

In 1994, the Portuguese President Mário Soares granted him, posthumously, the Great Cross of the Order of Prince Henry the Navigator.

The national syndicalists
The national syndicalists, also called the "Blue Shirts" (camisas azuis), following the tradition of uniformed right-wing paramilitary groups, was an organisation advocating syndicalism and unionism, inspired by Benito Mussolini's brand of Italian fascism. As Rolão Preto wrote in July 1922, "our organic syndicalism is essentially the basis of current syndicalist thought among Mussolini’s friends". MNS was also built on previous allegiances to Integralismo Lusitano, but it was not inspired by the Action Française as alleged by their adversaries.

He advocated especially the personalism of Emmanuel Mounier and some of the aspects of unionism. His unionist platform was based on leftist ideas of social justice, such as "a minimum family wage", "paid holidays", "working class education", and a world in which workers are "guaranteed the right to happiness".

Early life
Cutting short his lyceum studies, Rolão Preto left for Galicia in Spain, where he joined the monarchist army officer, Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro, in his 1911–1912 failed attempts to topple the Portuguese First Republic. He then left for Belgium and worked for the integralist magazine, Alma Portuguesa, while completing secondary studies at the Liceu português in Louvain and then attending the Université Catholique there.

Rolão Preto had to flee Belgium when World War I began, and he took refuge in France; he finished his studies at the University of Toulouse, where he earned a degree in law before returning to Portugal. He replaced the jailed Hipólito Raposo as editor of the journal, A Monarquia. A member of the Junta Central de Integralismo Lusitano from 1922 onward, he began a close collaboration with the President of Portugal, Gomes da Costa, even before the 28 May 1926 coup d'état which established the Ditadura Nacional, and edited the 12 points the coup leaders published in Braga.

Against Salazar's regime
In 1930, he approached David Neto and other sidonista (conservatives, initially members of the Partido Republicano Nacionalista), with whom he created the Liga Nacional 28 de maio, self-proclaimed defender of the "national revolution". Rolão Preto gained notoriety as an advocate of national syndicalism and as editor of the Diário Académico Nacionalista da Tarde, first published in 1932, which soon changed its name to the Diário Nacional-Sindicalista da Tarde. He founded the Blue Shirts, which used the Order of Christ Cross, displayed the Roman salute, and became very popular in universities and among the youngest officers of the Portuguese Army.

The Preto personality cult grew in 1933 as the movement took to the streets and Preto engaged himself in a national propaganda tour. Preto became a regular presence at Italian Embassy receptions. The movement’s newspapers began to call Preto the Chief (Chefe), and internal party correspondence reveals that he was revered by his followers. Delegation from the Italian National Fascist Party and German Nazi Party became regularly attended at the rallies of Preto´s movement. In the summer of 1933, the Civil Governors were instructed to prohibit public National Syndicalist demonstrations but Preto's followers managed to organize demonstrations, hiring a tugboat to greet the Italian Fascist leader Italo Balbo when he visited Lisbon. Preto also started to organize militias (Shock Brigades). According to Police reports the Lisbon Brigade, known as the Black Brigade (Brigada Negra), composed of about 60 men, became quite active on the streets.

After a long meeting with the chief of the political police, Salazar decided to dissolve the National Syndicalist Movement. On 4 July 1934 Preto was briefly detained and later exiled as part of purge of the leadership of the National Syndicalist Movement. Salazar denounced the National Syndicalists as "inspired by certain foreign models" and their "exaltation of youth, and the cult of force through direct action, the principle of the superiority of state political power in social life, [and] the propensity for organizing masses behind a single leader" as fundamental differences between fascism and the Catholic corporatism of the New State. The British Embassy informed London with some satisfaction stating that the Portuguese National Syndicalist Movement took "its inspiration from the Italian Embassy" and described Preto as a "vain man with a strong sense of intrigue".

Preto ended up opposing the Salazar's regime for being too moderate and due to Salazar's refusal to turn the emerging corporative state into a truly fascist regime. Preto resided, for a while, in Valencia de Alcántara, near the border with Castelo de Vide, and then in Madrid, as a guest in the house of José Antonio Primo de Rivera, with whom he collaborated in formulating a program for the Falange.

Preto returned to Portugal in February 1935, and was once more detained after instigating a September rebellion with the crew of the Bartolomeu Dias and the garrison in the Lisbon-area Penha de França. Again exiled, he fought in the Spanish Civil War on Francisco Franco's side.

Preto returned, once more, to Portugal in the eve of the Second World War and published new editions of his work on Italian Fascism originally written in 1922. Preto placed high hopes on the Berlin-Rome axis, and in his introduction to Fascism (O Fascismo), he attacked the Salazar regime and exalted Italian and German Fascism. With the rise of Nazism in Germany and Fascism in Italy, Rolao Preto was optimistic about the future of European fascism, he pinned all of his hopes on an Axis victory, and confronted those who were not "real fascists" but wished to adopt aspects of fascism.

After World War II, Rolão Preto abandoned fascism and joined the left-wing forum Movement of Democratic Unity, and he published a volume entitled A Traição Burguesa ("The Bourgeois Betrayal"). The book criticised fascist regimes for becoming victims of social and political compromises with the bourgeoisie. In 1945 he thought that "neither the glorious clarions of nationalist mysticism nor the powerful social projections of Nazi efforts can make us forget what Nazism represented — the deception of the revolutionary hopes that gave birth to National Socialism".

In 1949 participated in General Norton de Matos’s 1949 presidential election campaign. He also backed more liberal candidates for the Presidency, such as Quintão Meireles, Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes, and, ultimately, had a particularly important role (campaign press manager) in the 1958 campaign of another New State dissident, General Humberto Delgado.

Later years
After the fall of the Estado Novo regime Preto attempted to unite the monarchist movement behind Gonçalo Ribeiro Telles's Movimento Popular Monárquico. Preto was one of the leaders of the Movimento (People's Monarchist Party) in the period between the Carnation Revolution (1974) and his death (1977).

In 1994, the Portuguese President Mário Soares granted him, posthumously, the Great Cross of the Order of Prince Henry the Navigator.

Marriage and children
He married Amália de Brito Boavida Godinho (b. Fundão, Alpedrinha), and had two children:

 * Francisco Godinho Rolão Preto (b. Fundão, Soalheira), married to Maria Isabel Correia da Silva Mendes; and
 * Maria Teresa Godinho Rolão Preto (b. Fundão, Soalheira), married to Eduardo Teixeira Gomes.

title: Francisco Rolão Preto


text:
Oglala (disambiguation)

Oglala are one of the seven subtribes of the Lakota people who, along with the Dakota, make up the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (Seven Council Fires).

Oglala may also refer to:

 * Oglala, South Dakota, a town
 * Oglala Dam, South Dakota
 * Oglala National Grassland, Nebraska
 * Ogallala Aquifer, an aquifer or concentration of groundwater in the U.S. Midwest
 * USS Oglala (CM-4), a U.S. Navy minelayer sunk in the attack on Pearl Harbor
 * Oglala (crater), Mars

title: Oglala (disambiguation)


text:
County of Empúries

The County of Empúries (Comtat d'Empúries, ), also known as the County of Ampurias (Condado de Ampurias), was a medieval county centred on the town of Empúries and enclosing the Catalan region of Peralada. It corresponds to the historic comarca of Empordà.

After the Franks conquered the regions in 785, Empúries and Peralada came under the authority of the County of Girona. Around 813, Empúries, with Peralada, became a separate county under Ermenguer. He and the other early counts were probably of Visigothic origin. In 817, Empúries was merged with the County of Roussillon, a union which lasted until 989. One of the ninth-century counts of Empúries assembled a fleet powerful enough to conquer the Balearic Islands, but only for a brief time. From 835 to 844, Sunyer I ruled Empúries and Peralada while Alaric I ruled Roussillon and Vallespir.

At the death of Gausfred I in 989, Roussillon and Empúries were separated. Gausfred's elder son Hugh I received Empúries while Giselbert I received Roussillon. Hugh's comital dynasty lasted until 1322, when Empúries passed to a collateral branch of his family. The last count, Hugh VI, sold the county to Peter IV of Ribagorza in 1325 in exchange for the barony of Pego and the towns of Xaló and Laguar, all located within the Kingdom of Valencia. Peter later traded it with Ramon Berenguer d'Aragona for the county of Prades in 1341. From that point on, Empúries was an apanage of the Crown of Aragon.

In a letter of December 1002, Pope Sylvester II confirmed the county of Empúries and the "county of Pedralbes" as a part of the diocese of Girona. The latter is probably to be identified with the Peralada region in the north of Empúries. A portion of the "taxes of the port", consisting of dues and anchorage, were passed on to the diocese.

List of counts

 * Ermenguer 813–817
 * Gaucelm 817–832 (united to Roussillon)
 * Berengar the Wise 832–835
 * Sunyer I 835–841 (united to Roussillon)
 * Alaric I of Rousillon 841–844
 * Sunyer I 844–848, again
 * William 848–850 (united to Roussillon)
 * Odalric 852–858 (united to Roussillon)
 * Humfrid 858–862 (united to Roussillon)
 * Sunyer II 862–915 (united to Roussillon)
 * Dela 862–894, associated
 * Gausbert 915–931 (united to Roussillon and Perelada as a county)
 * Bencion 915–916, associated
 * Gausfred I 931–989
 * Hugh I 989/91–1040
 * Ponç I, Count of Empúries 1040–1078 (transferred Perelada, as a viscountcy, to his son Berenguer of Perelada)
 * Hugh II 1078–1116
 * Ponç II, Count of Empúries 1116–1154, also as Ponç Hug I
 * Hugh III, Count of Empúries 1154–1173
 * Ponç III, Count of Empúries 1173–1200
 * Ponç Hug d'Entença 1173–1175, associated, also known as Ponç Hug d'Entença
 * Hugh IV, Count of Empúries 1200–1230
 * Ponç IV, Count d'Empúries 1230–1269, also as Ponç Hug III
 * Hugh V, Count of Empúries 1269–1277
 * Ponç V 1277–1313, also as Ponç Hug IV (also viscount of Bas)
 * Ponç VI, Count of Empúries 1313–1322, also as Ponç Hug V Malgauli (also viscount of Bas)
 * Marquesa de Cabrera 1322–1327
 * Hugh VI, Count of Empúries 1322–1325
 * Peter I 1325–1341
 * Raymond Berengar, Count of Empúries 1341–1364
 * John I, Count of Empúries 1364–1386, 1387–1398
 * Peter II 1386–1387, also king of Aragon
 * John II, Count of Empúries 1398–1401
 * Peter III, Count of Empúries 1401–1402
 * Joana de Rocabertí i de Fenollet 1402
 * Martin 1042, 1407–1410, also king of Aragon
 * Maria de Luna 1402–1407
 * Empúries escheated to the crown between 1410 and 1436. Subsequently the title is mostly honorific.

 * Henry I 1436–1445
 * Henry II 1445–1522
 * Alfons I 1522–1563
 * Francesc I 1563–1572
 * Joana II 1572–1608
 * Enric III 1608–1640
 * Lluís 1640–1670
 * Joaquim 1670, died aged 3.
 * Pere IV 1670–1690
 * Caterina 1690–1697
 * Luis Francisco de la Cerda 1697–1711
 * Nicolás Fernández de Córdoba-Figueroa de la Cerda 1711-1739
 * Luis Antonio Fernández de Córdoba-Figueroa y Spinola 1739-1768
 * Pedro de Alcántara Fernández de Córdoba-Figueroa y de Montcada 1768-1789
 * Luis María Fernández de Córdoba y Gonzaga 1789-1806
 * Luis Joaquin Fernández de Córdoba y Benavides 1806-1840
 * Luis Tomás Fernández de Córdoba y Ponce de León 1840-1873
 * Luis María Fernández de Córdoba y Pérez de Barradas 1873-1879
 * Luis Jesús María Fernandez de Cordoba y Salabert 1880-1956
 * María Victoria Eugenia Fernandez de Cordoba y Fernández de Henestrosa 1956-1987
 * Ignacio de Medina y Fernández de Córdoba 1987-2006
 * Sol María de La Blanca de Medina Orléans Bragança 2006–

title: County of Empúries


text:
Marton, Middlesbrough

Marton or Marton-in-Cleveland is an area of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. Until the 1950s, it was a small village next to the hamlet of Tollesby in Yorkshire's North Riding.

The Marton parish originally stretched north to the River Tees, however with the expansion of Middlesbrough, the parish became progressively smaller, ultimately becoming a suburb of south Middlesbrough.

Attractions include Stewart Park, a large public park given by a former councillor, Dormund Stewart, to the people of Middlesbrough in 1928.

At the 2011 census, the Marton Ward (Marton East since 2015) had a population of 4,728 while Marton West Ward had a population of 5,305.

James Cook
The explorer, cartographer and navigator, Captain James Cook was born to James and Grace Cook, in a clay-built cottage in the village of Marton in 1728, and he lived for a short time in the village, until the family moved to Great Ayton. A contemporary drawing of the village by George Cuit has revealed the cottage to have significantly deteriorated by as early as 1788, a precursor to it being levelled by new local landowner, Bartholomew Rudd, in the 1790s. It was very close to where the original manor house Marton Lodge eventually stood, to which Rudd made many alterations. Cook later sailed his ship (HMS Endeavour) from Whitby to discover and name for the western world the antipodean continents and islands as well as many islands in the Pacific Ocean.

Namesakes
The tiny community of Marton, Queensland, Australia, upstream from Cooktown on the banks of the Endeavour River, was named after James Cook's birthplace in remembrance of his 7-week stay in the region in 1770. There is also a town in New Zealand named Marton (renamed thus in 1869 in honour of Cook's birthplace). The name of the Yorkshire village derives from a mixture of Old English and Old Norse (marr-tūn) which means Marsh farm/settlement.

Stewart Park
In 1859, the ruin and the land that is now the park were bought by the Middlesbrough ironmaster H. W. F. Bolckow. He built a new hall, which, after serving for a short period of time as a museum, was destroyed during demolition by fire in 1960, after standing empty for several years. The site is now home to the Captain Cook Birthplace Museum, opened in 1978. In addition to viewing the large collection of Cook-related objects at the museum, visitors can view a grade II listed granite urn erected by Bolckow in 1858 on the site of the demolished Cook cottage.

St Cuthbert's Church
There is no record of the foundation of St Cuthbert's Church, but there is evidence that it dates from the 12th century, in the Norman period. At that time the overlords of Marton were the de Brus family, ancestors of Robert the Bruce of Scotland. They had founded Gisborough Priory in 1119, and succeeding generations of the family bestowed gifts of land and property on this and other religious houses in the area. The church at Marton was one of those gifts to Guisborough, given before 1187.

In 1540 when the priory was dissolved by King Henry VIII, all the property belonging to the priory reverted to the Crown. In 1545 the living of Marton was granted to the Diocese of York, where it remains to this day.

In 1843 and 1847 a major refurbishment took place, mainly financed by J.B. Rudd of Tollesby Hall, the local squire. A later pen portrait in the Parish magazine tells us that the Church was "restored, widened, and lengthened so that it became, from a little whitewashed, flat ceilinged, sash-windowed, dilapidated edifice with only two aisles and one transept, into the present beautiful building".

Captain James Cook was baptised at St Cuthbert's Church. The church is now ornamented with a stained-glass window commemorating Cook.

The graves of Henry Bolckow and John Vaughan, the founding fathers of Bolckow Vaughan — the company which brought the steel industry to Middlesbrough – are in the churchyard. The graves, like the company, had been largely forgotten in the 20th century, but were refurbished in 2009.

Governance
In 1961 the civil parish had a population of 4393. On 1 April 1968 the parish was abolished to form Teesside. Until 1974 it was in the North Riding of Yorkshire, from 1974 to 1996 it was in Cleveland.

2023 local elections results for Marton East Ward
In the 2023 local elections, the following members were returned to Middlesbrough Borough Council:

Notable people
Other notable persons who lived in the parish of Marton include Bolckow's business partner John Vaughan (1799–1868), who lived at Gunnergate Hall until his death; Sir Raylton Dixon (1838–1901), a Middlesbrough shipbuilder; Henry Cochrane, an ironmaster; Agnes Spencer (died 1959), the wife of the founder of Marks and Spencer.

Marton is also the base for a junior football club, Marton F.C., which was founded in 1982 and for which Jonathan Woodgate (born 1980), David Wheater (born 1987) and Stewart Downing (born 1984), subsequent Middlesbrough F.C. professional footballers, once played.

Education
Marton has three primary schools: Lingfield Primary School, Captain Cook Primary School and Marton Manor Primary School. There are no secondary schools in Marton. Most pupils go to nearby Nunthorpe School, the King's Academy, in Coulby Newham or Trinity Catholic College.

Amenities
Marton Shops, a parade of local supermarkets, eateries, banks, pharmacy and various other outlets is located on the A172 (Stokesley Road). Marton Library & Community Hub is located on Laurel Road, just behind the shops.

Public houses include the Southern Cross and the Rudds Arms (both on the A172); the former is located adjacent to the A172 / Stainton Way crossroads and the latter close to the A172 / A174 interchange. The Marton Hotel and Country Club (closed October 2017) was located almost directly opposite to the Rudds Arms before being severely damaged and subsequently demolished in a large blaze in June 2019.

Marton Cricket Club (founded c.1853), located adjacent to the Rudds Arms, play in the North Yorkshire and South Durham Cricket League (NYSD) league. The club's pavilion includes a function room available for hire for occasions such as wedding receptions, birthdays, anniversaries, christenings and funerals etc.

Transport
Marton is served by bus routes provided by Arriva North East 28, 28a, 29 that connect to Middlesbrough town centre. Stations in the area are on the Esk Valley Line. Northern operate all services on the line, improvements to the timetable in 2014 meant up to 17 trains (each way) calling at both Marton and Gypsy Lane railway stations through the week, with a full hourly service being introduced in 2017 including on Sundays. Marton station is located further away to most Marton residents than Gypsy Lane and generally receives less patronage. Marton station is located just off the B1380 (Ladgate Lane), close to the entrance of Ormesby Hall whilst Gypsy Lane station is located approximately halfway along Gypsy Lane, accessed via Stainton Way or Guisborough Road depending on the direction of approach. Gypsy Lane is a no through road at the station.

title: Marton, Middlesbrough


text:
Chaguaramas, Trinidad and Tobago

Chaguaramas lies in the Northwest Peninsula of Trinidad west of Port of Spain; the name is often applied to the entire peninsula, but is sometimes used to refer to its most developed area. The developed area in Chaguaramas starts at an Aloca aluminum manufacturing plant and dock, and ends at the Army and Coast Guard camps on the mainland. Offshore, a group known as The Five Islands are in various stages of development or redevelopment, as of 2016.

Most of the roadway in Chaguaramas lies close to the coastline and one can view the sea from the winding road. It is about 14 km from Port of Spain.

Leasing of Chaguaramas to the United States
The entire peninsula was leased to the United States in 1940 for the construction of a naval base, Naval Base Trinidad, under the Destroyers for Bases Agreement.

The base was also used during the early 1960s as a BMEWS early warning radar site, as well as a missile tracking site on the U.S. Air Force Eastern Test Range. The base was scaled back in 1956 and the area was returned to Trinidad and Tobago control in 1963.

Treaty of Chaguaramas and CARICOM
Chaguaramas was the location slated for the construction of the capital of the short-lived West Indies Federation. It is also the place where the Treaty of Chaguaramas was signed, establishing CARICOM, the Caribbean Community and Common Market, in 1973.

Dry forests
The Chaguaramas Peninsula supports one of the few remaining areas of dry forest in western Trinidad.

Cycling and kayaking
On weekends groups of persons enter Chaguaramas to cycle on or kayak in rented equipment. During the week, the roadway is used as a training ground for persons who cycle in groups either for sport or as a part of a training session for a Tri-athalon. Mountain biking has grown in popularity and an extensive trail network has been developed in Tucker Valley. These trails are created and maintained by the local Mountain Bike community.

The Chaguaramas Boardwalk Area
The Chaguaramas Boardwalk was developed by the Chaguaramas Development Authority (CDA) as part of its tourism developmental thrust. The Boardwalk stretches for approximately 1300 feet along the shore of one of the Bays. The Boardwalk can be used as an exercise route for pedestrians or for young families who stroll or as a stepping stone to get to the water to swim for leisure or as part of a training regimen.

Available in close proximity to the Boardwalk are Gazebos and Pedal Boats which are available for rent. There is also the Dancing Water Fountain, the Trees Vendor Plaza and Miniature Off Road Activities according to the CDA's website.

Chaguaramas Golf Course
The Chaguaramas Golf Course is "a 9-hole course" and the only "public" golf course in the twin-island Republic. The Golf Course at Chaguaramas has been in existence for some forty plus (40+) years and is one of the older, if not the oldest golf course in the island.

Pier 1
Pier 1 was designed to host functions for large numbers of persons. The venue was designed to host events in small areas within a larger setting, thus it can serve a large number of persons with different tastes through the use of the smaller areas as niche spots.

Yacht
Chaguaramas has been the center of yachting activity in Trinidad. There are several marinas within the Chaguaramas area which provide repair services or on-land boarding services for yachts. There is also the option to refuel and stock supplies or just moor the yacht at a pier or in a sheltered bay facility and visit the island.

Heritage Parks, Macqueripe and The Magnificent Edith Falls
According to the CDA, the Gasparee Cave on Gasparee Island, along with the Salt Pond on Chacachacare and the Bellerand Heritage Park fall within the boundaries of Chaguaramas. Although Gasparee has been developed with housing facilities, to a large extent efforts have been made to preserve the birds on the island, through the "upkeep" of the large trees which provide shelter at great heights for them.

"Conveniently located just off the Macqueripe Road, Bellerand Heritage Park is surrounded by various areas offering recreational activities such as golfing, swimming and is a 'stone's throw' away from the Magnificent Edith Falls". Another heritage park which is located within the Macqueripe area in Chaguaramas is Samaan Park.

At Macqueripe, one is allowed to swim in the sea as the area is located in an inlet. However great care should be exercised in entering and exiting the water as due to dredging of the seabed many years ago, there is a sharp descent of several feet close to the shore. The drop/ or descent can make the area perilous for newly trained swimmers and the extremely short person entering or exiting the water.

Tucker Valley
Tucker Valley is known for several points of interest such as: The Bamboo Cathedral, The UPick Farm and Restaurant, The World War Bunker, and The Nutmeg Grove among other things.

The Bamboo Cathedral is well known by photographers who capture images of many newly engaged couples strolling in the area. The wide lane of the roadway with the bamboos intertwining overhead creates an image of seclusion and sets the tone for newly engaged wonder!

The UPick Farm "sells a wide range of fruits and vegetables (grown off-site) both local and imported". Also available at the UPick Farm are guided tours and field trips for primary and secondary school children.

DockSide Facilities
The Chaguaramas area also contains some dockside facilities, mostly for the transfer of bauxite ore between ship and shore, or from smaller boats to ocean-going vessels. The function of such docks is easily recognizable as the docks and buildings are colored pink from the bauxite dust.

Hunting and Fishing
After the Trinidad and Tobago government passed the Conservation and Wildlife Act in 1960, hunting is strictly prohibited. This law is upheld by the Chaguaramas Development Authority. Chaguaramas is however one of the country's most popular spots for Tarpon fishing. In 2010, Sportsfishing Magazine names Chaguaramas waters one of their top locations for fishing Tarpon.

title: Chaguaramas, Trinidad and Tobago


text:
User:Wolfman/articles

Secretaries of the Navy

 * Dan A. Kimball
 * James C. Dobbin
 * David Henshaw
 * Samuel L. Southard
 * Hilary A. Herbert
 * James K. Paulding
 * Paul Hamilton

Surgeons General

 * Hugh S. Cumming
 * Rupert Blue
 * Walter Wyman
 * John B. Hamilton
 * Thomas Parran
 * Leonard A. Scheele
 * LeRoy Edgar Burney
 * Edward Brandt, Jr.
 * William H. Stewart
 * Jesse Leonard Steinfeld
 * Paul Ehrlich, Jr.
 * Audrey F. Manley
 * James O. Mason
 * Julius B. Richmond
 * David Satcher
 * Robert A. Whitney
 * Joseph Lovell

American Revolution

 * Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War
 * Benjamin Church
 * John Paulding
 * Samuel Ward
 * Thomas Willing
 * Nicholas Gilman
 * James Lovell

Military Figures

 * Lawrence O'Bryan Branch
 * Hiram Paulding
 * Ronald A. Route
 * Roy Hoffmann
 * William Schachte

Congressmen

 * Henry Southard
 * Isaac Southard
 * Vin Weber
 * James J. Wilson

Politics

 * Yellowcake Forgery
 * Clark Ervin
 * Carlton Sherwood
 * Executive Order 12958
 * International Republican Institute
 * Mountain States Legal Foundation
 * Project on Government Oversight
 * Robert Zoellick
 * John R. Bolton
 * Accusations of rape against U.S. presidents
 * Merrie Spaeth
 * Jerome Corsi
 * Pardongate
 * Harold M. Ickes

Misc

 * Lum v. Rice
 * Roberts v. Boston
 * Barbara Dane
 * Schwabach
 * Deroy Murdock
 * Panorama (Italian magazine)
 * prisoner's dilemma
 * instrumental variables

Wikisource

 * Leaves of Grass (Walt Whitman)
 * Typee (Herman Melville)
 * Bartleby the Scrivener (Herman Melville)
 * Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War (Herman Melville)
 * The American Crisis (Tom Paine)
 * Suffolk Resolves
 * Salvador Allende's Last Speech
 * Virginia Declaration of Rights
 * Southern Manifesto
 * John Kerry's Silver Star Citation
 * John Kerry's Bronze Star Citation
 * Der Judenstaat (Theodor Herzl)

title: User:Wolfman/articles


text:
Uri Savir

Uri Savir (אורי סביר; 7 January 1953 – 14 May 2022) was an Israeli diplomat and politician. He was Israel's chief negotiator for the Oslo Accords and served as a Member of Knesset (MK) from 1999 to 2001.

Early life
Savir was born in Jerusalem on 7 January 1953. His father, Leo, co-founded the Israeli Foreign Service. Savir studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in international relations.

Career
Savir first worked at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as an information officer at the Israeli embassy in Canada, before acting as a press officer at the consulate in New York City. He became the communications advisor of Shimon Peres in 1984, as well as one of his senior advisers. In that capacity, Savir participated in Peres' ground-breaking visit to Morocco in July 1986. Savir was subsequently appointed consul-general in New York in 1988, serving in that role for four years.

Savir was named director-general of the Foreign Ministry in 1993 by Peres, who was foreign minister in the second Rabin cabinet. During his tenure, he was the chief negotiator for the Oslo Accords. His experience became the basis for his book The Process: 1,100 Days that Changed the Middle East, published in 1998. He was also a member of the Israeli delegation for negotiations with Jordan that resulted in the Israel–Jordan peace treaty in 1994, as well as head of the delegation for talks with Syria from 1995 to 1996.

In the 1999 elections, Savir was elected to the Knesset on the Centre Party list. He and two other MKs left the Centre Party on 6 March 2001 to form the New Way faction. Three weeks later on 28 March, he resigned from the Knesset, and was replaced by David Magen, who represented the Centre Party. During Savir's time in the Knesset he served on a number of committees, including the Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee.

Savir established the Glocal Forum, a non-profit organization involved in international relations. He also co-founded the Peres Center for Peace in 1996 and served as its director-general until 1999. He later established the Facebook group titled "YaLa-Young Leaders", a peace movement for Middle Eastern and North African youths to foster dialogue and change with Israeli peers. It had more than 800,000 followers at the time of his death.

Personal life
Savir was married to Aliza until his death. Together, they had one daughter, Maya Savir.

Savir died on 14 May 2022, at the age of 69. The cause of death was not disclosed.

title: Uri Savir


text:
Rafael Moreu

Rafael Moreu is an American screenwriter, best known for his work in horror and thrillers.

Career
Moreu wrote the movies Hackers (1995) and The Rage: Carrie 2 (1999). For Hackers, he saw the film as more than just about computer hacking but something much larger: "In fact, to call hackers a counterculture makes it sound like they're a transitory thing; I think they're the next step in human evolution." He had been interested in hacking since the early 1980s. After the crackdown in the United States during 1989 and 1990, he decided to write a script about the subculture. For research, Moreu went to a meeting organized by the New York-based hacker magazine 2600: The Hacker Quarterly. There, he met Phiber Optik, a.k.a. Mark Abene, a 22-year-old hacker who spent most of 1994 in prison on hacking charges. Moreu also hung out with other young hackers being harassed by the government and began to figure out how it would translate into a film. He remembered, "One guy was talking about how he'd done some really interesting stuff with a laptop and payphones and that cracked it for me, because it made it cinematic".

The Rage: Carrie 2, which was originally titled The Curse, was initially scheduled to start production in 1996 with Emily Bergl in the lead, but production stalled for two years. The film eventually went into production in 1998 under the title Carrie 2: Say You're Sorry.

title: Rafael Moreu


text:
PXL

PXL may refer to:
 * PXL-2000, camcorder
 * Paclitaxel, drug
 * PCL 6 Enhanced, printer command language

title: PXL


text:
List of analyses of categorical data

This is a list of statistical procedures which can be used for the analysis of categorical data, also known as data on the nominal scale and as categorical variables.

General tests

 * Bowker's test of symmetry
 * Categorical distribution, general model
 * Chi-squared test
 * Cochran–Armitage test for trend
 * Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel statistics
 * Correspondence analysis
 * Cronbach's alpha
 * Diagnostic odds ratio
 * G-test
 * Generalized estimating equations
 * Generalized linear models
 * Krichevsky–Trofimov estimator
 * Kuder–Richardson Formula 20
 * Linear discriminant analysis
 * Multinomial distribution
 * Multinomial logit
 * Multinomial probit
 * Multiple correspondence analysis
 * Odds ratio
 * Poisson regression
 * Powered partial least squares discriminant analysis
 * Qualitative variation
 * Randomization test for goodness of fit
 * Relative risk
 * Stratified analysis
 * Tetrachoric correlation
 * Uncertainty coefficient
 * Wald test

Binomial data

 * Bernstein inequalities (probability theory)
 * Binomial regression
 * Binomial proportion confidence interval
 * Chebyshev's inequality
 * Chernoff bound
 * Gauss's inequality
 * Markov's inequality
 * Rule of succession
 * Rule of three (medicine)
 * Vysochanskiï–Petunin inequality

2 × 2 tables

 * Chi-squared test
 * Diagnostic odds ratio
 * Fisher's exact test
 * G-test
 * Odds ratio
 * Relative risk
 * McNemar's test
 * Yates's correction for continuity

Measures of association

 * Aickin's α
 * Andres and Marzo's delta
 * Bangdiwala's B
 * Bennett, Alpert, and Goldstein’s S
 * Brennan and Prediger’s κ
 * Coefficient of colligation - Yule's Y
 * Coefficient of consistency
 * Coefficient of raw agreement
 * Conger's Kappa
 * Contingency coefficient – Pearson's C
 * Cramér's V
 * Dice's coefficient
 * Fleiss' kappa
 * Goodman and Kruskal's lambda
 * Guilford’s G
 * Gwet's AC1
 * Hanssen–Kuipers discriminant
 * Heidke skill score
 * Jaccard index
 * Janson and Vegelius' C
 * Kappa statistics
 * Klecka's tau
 * Krippendorff's Alpha
 * Kuipers performance index
 * Matthews correlation coefficient
 * Phi coefficient
 * Press' Q
 * Renkonen similarity index
 * Prevalence adjusted bias adjusted kappa
 * Sakoda's adjusted Pearson's C
 * Scott's Pi
 * Sørensen similarity index
 * Stouffer's Z
 * True skill statistic
 * Tschuprow's T
 * Tversky index
 * Von Eye's kappa

Categorical manifest variables as latent variable

 * Latent variable model
 * Item response theory
 * Rasch model
 * Latent class analysis

title: List of analyses of categorical data


text:
USS Oglala

USS Oglala (ID-1255/CM-4/ARG-1) was a minelayer in the United States Navy. Commissioned as Massachusetts, she was renamed Shawmut a month later, and in 1928, was renamed after the Oglala, a sub-tribe of the Lakota, residing in the Black Hills of South Dakota.

Massachusetts was built as a fast cargo vessel for the New England Navigation Company by William Cramp & Sons of Philadelphia in 1907. In 1911 the ship was sold to the Maine Steamship Company and converted to passenger service. The next year Massachusetts was sold to the Eastern Steamship Corporation. The ship then operated in overnight coastal passenger steamer service through the Cape Cod Canal and Long Island Sound between Boston and New York City. After the US entered World War I, Massachusetts and her sister ship SS Bunker Hill, were among eight civilian steamships purchased to lay the North Sea Mine Barrage.

Construction
Three new ships for the New England Navigation Company, controlled by the New Haven railroad interests, were designed to compete with the Metropolitan Line vessels SS Yale (1906) and Harvard using the outside, offshore passage yet be capable of using the inside passage through sounds. The three vessels were designed by the Quintard Iron Works Company of New York with heavy construction for offshore operation and characteristics necessary for inshore operation. The main deck, with the exception of machinery was designed for 1,500 tons of cargo. The second deck had officers quarters and a few passenger staterooms with more officers quarters on the upper deck. Massachusetts and Bunker Hill had reciprocating engines driving twin screws while the later Old Colony, otherwise identical, was designed with Parsons turbines driving triple screws.

Massachusetts was laid down in 1907, by the William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Company at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as hull number 342, U.S. Official Number 204012 and signal KWBM, for the New England Navigation Company. The ship was launched 29 January 1907.

As built propulsion machinery was by two four cylinder, triple expansion engines supplied with steam by eight single ended boilers. The vessel was twin screw with the contract requiring the engines develop 7,000 horsepower. The ship made a trial run on 4 June 1907 between New York and Fall River exceeded requirements for 18 knots with 720 tons of cargo making the run in 7 hours and 48 minutes with an average speed of 20 knots with 800 tons of cargo.

The conversion in 1911 changed registered tonnage from, to ,  and depth of hold from 31.6 ft to 30.2 ft. Registered crew size went from 60 to 107

Commercial service
Along with her sister ships, Bunker Hill and SS Old Colony, Massachusetts provided overnight coastal cargo steamer service through the Cape Cod Canal and Long Island Sound between New York City, Boston, and Portland, Maine.

In 1911, Massachusetts and Bunker Hill returned to the Cramp & Sons shipyard for conversion to passenger service and from coal to fuel oil in 1912 with the ship being sold to the Eastern Steamship Corporation. Financial difficulties forced Eastern Steamship Corporation into receivership in 1914, and it emerged three years later as the Eastern Steamship Lines.

World War I
In April 1917, the Allies formulated a plan to lay minefields in the North Sea to counter German U-boat attacks on their shipping in the Atlantic. Known as the North Sea Mine Barrage, or Northern Barrage, these mines laid between Scotland and Norway would, they thought, limit German submarine access to the Atlantic from the North Sea. This plan involved the creation of a new generation of minelayers of which Massachusetts was included.

On 2 November 1917, Massachusetts and Bunker Hill were purchased by the US Navy for $1,350,000 each and sent to the Boston Navy Yard for conversion to minelayers. Sister ship Old Colony was purchased for $1,150,000. Before Massachusetts completed her conversion she was renamed Shawmut after the Shawmut Peninsula on the Charles River that flows through Boston. She was the second ship in the Navy to carry the name and was commissioned as USS Massachusetts (ID 1255) on 7 December 1917, with Captain Wat T. Cluverius in command.

After her extensive conversion from a passenger steamer to a minelayer, Massachusetts was renamed USS Shawmut (ID 1255) on 7 January 1918 and departed the Navy Yard at Boston on 11 June 1918. She completed her sea trials in Presidents Roads, Massachusetts before steaming to Naval Base 17 at Inverness, Scotland, where she anchored on 30 June 1918. The sea trials had revealed that she and Aroostook – the new name for Bunker Hill – consumed fuel at a higher rate than expected, raising concerns that they would be unable to make a non-stop trans-Atlantic voyage. Cluverius and Commander Roscoe Bulmer devised a plan to refuel both ships while underway with hoses from the destroyer tender USS Black Hawk (AD-9). Although this technique was uncommon at the time, and was done during a gale, both ships successfully refueled.

Over the next several months the Mine Force planted mines in the North Sea along with their Allied counterparts. Shawmut took part in ten minelaying excursions, placing 2,970 mines for the barrage.

Hostilities ceased on 11 November 1918. Shawmut then loaded 310 mines and set sail for the US with various other minelayers on 30 November. She reached Hampton Roads Naval Operations Base (NOB), Norfolk, Virginia, on 27 December 1918.

Between the wars
Shawmut was reassigned to the US Air Department after refitting at Boston Navy Yard to serve as a seaplane tender. The ship carried out the majority of her duties tending the amphibious aircraft off the eastern seaboard of the United States from Key West, Florida, to Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Her voyages frequently took her to foreign ports including: Guantánamo Bay, Cuba; Kingston, Jamaica; Samaná Bay, Dominican Republic; and Trujillo, Panama. On 17 July 1920, she was reclassified as CM-4 (Cruiser-Minelayer #4).

In June and July 1921, Shawmut participated in an event that is a major milestone in military aviation history, now known as Project B. The experiences of Brigadier General Billy Mitchell during the war had caused him to become an outspoken advocate for the use of winged aircraft in military operations, which was then a new concept. He argued for the establishment of an independent air force and expanding the use of winged aircraft. His undiplomatic style hindered acceptance by his colleagues, among the beliefs of whom was that  aircraft would be ineffective as weapons against contemporary military vessels. Mitchell proved them wrong during a series of bombing exercises in the summer of 1921, in the Hampton Roads, off the coast of Virginia. For a part of these, two US Army photographers from Langley Army Air Field joined Shawmut to document attacks on the captured German U-boat, SMU U-117, that was used as the first target.

After participating in the bombing exercises, Shawmut returned to her routine as an aircraft tender for the rest of summer of 1921. She entered the Philadelphia Navy Yard for an overhaul on 31 October, where she remained until 5 January 1922. She then returned to her primary duties as a minelayer but also continued to provide services to Navy planes. The duties took her back to the Caribbean, as well as operating along the US east coast for battle practice, gunnery and mining exercises.

In early November 1922, after she had finished maintenance and repair at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, Shawmut was ordered to Honduras, to return the body of that country's ambassador to the US, who had died in Washington, D.C. After the state funeral in Amapala, Honduras, she continued with the body for burial at La Libertad, El Salvador. Shawmut then returned to Philadelphia, where she underwent more upkeep and repair between 6 December 1922 – 3 January 1923.

In February 1923, Shawmut served as the radio control ship for the remotely-controlled target ship Coast Battleship No. 4 (ex-USS Iowa (BB-4)) during Fleet Problem I off the coast of Panama.

Through the next two decades, she served as a seaplane tender and minelayer. To avoid confusion with the similar sounding USS Chaumont (AP-5), a hospital ship, the Shawmut was renamed Oglala on 1 January 1928. At about the same time, she was given new boilers and other modifications, changing her appearance from two smokestacks to one. Oglala was flagship of the 1934 Aleutian Islands Survey Expedition.

Pearl Harbor
In 1941, Oglala became the flagship of Rear Admiral William R. Furlong, commander of minecraft for the Battle Force of the Pacific Fleet.

On the morning of 7 December 1941, Oglala lay moored outboard of light cruiser USS Helena (CL-50) alongside Ten Ten Pier, Pearl Harbor Navy Yard. Around 07:55, her sailors began firing on attacking Japanese aircraft. A Nakajima B5N2 "Kate" carrier torpedo bomber released a torpedo that detonated near her port side in between her and Helena. The blast ruptured her port hull and lifted fireroom floor plates, causing her to immediately take on water as, almost simultaneously, Japanese planes strafed her. Since the ship was receiving power from the dock, the crew was unable to start her pumps to deal with the deluge of water. This damage would later give her a reputation as "the only ship ever to sink from fright."

Approximately five minutes into the attack, a bomb fell into the water between Oglala and her companion cruiser, detonating near her fireroom. She began to list five degrees to port and the rate at which she was flooding meant she would not remain afloat. Commander Roland E. Krause, the executive officer, who was in command at the time, decided to move the ship clear of Helena and secure her directly to the pier. This was achieved by around 09:00, but 30 minutes later her list had increased to twenty degrees and the order was given to abandon ship. Sometime around 10:00, she rolled toward the dock severing her bridge structure and main mast as she settled to the bottom on her port side.

None of the crew of Oglala were killed in the attack, although three received injuries. In his subsequent report, Commander Edmond Pryor Speight, commanding officer of Oglala, commended the entire crew for performing in accord to the “highest tradition of the Navy,” but particularly singled out two sailors. Fireman Second Class Jerald "E" Johnson took decisive action in the immediate aftermath of the attack. Johnson secured the boiler and fireroom preventing the chance of a boiler explosion and curtailing some the flooding of the ship. Chief Boatswains Mate Anthony Zito was able to quickly get Oglala's 3 in/50 caliber anti-aircraft gun into action to fire on the approaching Japanese planes. After the order was given to abandon Oglala, Zito commandeered a drifting motor launch and two of his shipmates then sped to give assistance to the ships on Battleship Row.

Salvage

The effort to salvage Oglala began on 12 December 1941. The first attempt to refloat her by blowing compressed air into her hull was ineffective. Several plans for her future were considered, including floating her enough to drag her ashore, where she would be dismantled. After a re-examination of the situation, a plan was formulated to raise and refit her. By the early spring of 1942, the salvage operation was underway. It was decided that using ten 80 LT submarine salvage pontoons in concert with anchor chains and the aforementioned air bubble technique to right her. The salvage effort was made more complex by Oglala's poor stability. Fifteen to eighteen divers were kept busy for nearly 2,000 underwater hours during the salvage, patching her hull, rigging chains, cutting away unwanted structure and executing many other tasks. After her tophamper had been removed, the salvage pontoons were used to pull the ship upright while air was pumped into her to lighten the load. The parbuckling, or righting attempt, was begun on 11 April 1942, and on 22 April, the crane barge Gaylord, of the Hawaiian Dredging Company, was rigged to Oglala to pull her over, if needed, as she was righted the following day. The operation was a success and Oglala came upright to rest on her bottom.

On 23 June, after six months with her port side beneath the surface, Oglala was floated. The salvage crew was unable to bring her to the draft depth required by the keel blocks in the dry dock, however, and the ship was unsteady. Work began to increase draft and improve her stability but during the night of 25–26 June 1942, the pumps being used to keep her afloat were overwhelmed by an influx of water and she settled to the bottom again. An investigation revealed that the fuel line for the main gasoline powered pump had become clogged overnight, and the electrical back-up pump was not effective because the water level did not rise high enough. While attempting to refloat her again on 29 June, a failure to the cofferdam in aft section caused her once more to settle down. It was determined that, for a second time, the field crew had not built the cofferdam to the proper specifications. After repairs to that, she was floated for a third time on 1 July. A spillage of gasoline on the same day while refuelling caused a fire that was extinguished in 30 minutes, before it could cause any serious damage. When Oglala was finally towed to the dry dock, the bow was the only part of her above the waterline. Once she was settled into the keel blocks, the refitting work began.

Conversion to internal combustion engine repair ship

On 23 December 1942, Oglala was sea worthy. She sailed via Mare Island for the shipyard at Terminal Island Naval Dry Docks and was moved into the shipyard itself on 1 March 1943. Reconstruction plans finalized at Mare Island meant that her days as a minelayer came to a close. Her refitting included a complete conversion into an engine repair ship. On 15 June 1943, Oglala was reclassified to an internal combustion engine repair ship ARG-1. While she was undergoing conversion, Oglala remained assigned to Mine Squadron (MinRon) 1 in the Service Squadron (ServRon) within the Pacific Fleet. In November, she received word that her assignment would be shifted to the Seventh Fleet when she completed converting.

Due to construction delays, Oglala's conversion missed the initial completion date of 1 February 1944. She had been scheduled to begin dock trials on 17 February, but the lack of progress by the construction crews caused them to be cancelled. On 28 February, she was moved under tow to a berth at the Naval Supply Depot, San Pedro, California, to begin loading the ship's stores and continue the conversion. She began preliminary acceptance dock trials on 2 March. Oglala was accepted into service on 16 March. After completed her sea trials, 21–26 March, she reported ready for duty on 30 March, and was independently underway to her new home at Milne Bay, New Guinea the following day. Oglala reported for duty at Milne Bay on 24 April, and began receiving ships alongside for repair work on 29 April.

Southwest Pacific service
In the wake of Operations Reckless and Persecution in the late spring, May–June 1944, that pushed the Japanese out of Hollandia, New Guinea, Oglala got underway in the early dawn hours of 1 July, to provide repair services at Humboldt Bay, New Guinea. That night, at 22:00, Oglala's radar picked up several small vessels off of her port bow at approximately 3300 yds. Thirteen minutes later the boats were 200 yds off of her port beam. It appeared as if they would pass clear. Suddenly the lead craft made a turn to port and attempted to cross Oglala's bow. Oglala put her rudder hard to port and her engine to full stop in an attempt to avoid a collision. One of the picket boats struck her stern and a mechanized landing craft (LCM) struck the port bow frame. The LCM capsized, dumping her occupants into the sea, and the picket boat sank in approximately one minute. Oglala dispatched her whale boat and trained floodlights on the water to search for survivors. The whaleboat returned with 1st Lieutenant J.T. Barron, USA, of Company B, 533rd Engineer Boats and Shore Regiment, who informed Oglala's commanding officer, Commander Henry K. Bradford, that all of the men were safely pulled from the water. Barron was asleep in the picket boat at the time of the collision and could not provide an explanation as to why it made a sudden course correction. The formation was underway to Milne Bay from Finschhafen, New Guinea. The young officer was provided with new navigation charts having lost his copies when the picket boat sank and sent on his way. Oglala safely arrived at Humboldt Bay on 6 July 1944. She shifted her berth to Imbi Bay at Hollandia the next day.

With more successful Allied campaigns moving the Japanese off of more territory, Oglala was underway once again to provide support. On 14 December, in the waning days of the Battle of Leyte, 17 October–26 December 1944, she was ordered to San Pedro Bay, Leyte, Philippine Islands. Oglala lay at San Pedro Bay, tending various types of small craft, when she received word of the Japanese surrender, on 15 August. She remained in those waters until ordered to return to San Francisco in January 1946.

Decommissioning
On 9 January 1946, Oglala sailed for the US, via Guiuan and Pearl Harbor. She dropped anchor in San Francisco Bay on 10 February 1946. On 28 March 1946, infantry landing craft began stripping her of material in preparation to join the National Defense Reserve Fleet, Suisun Bay, California. She was decommissioned on 8 July 1946 and removed from the Naval Register on 11 July 1946.

Transferred to the Maritime Commission (MARCOM) on 11 July 1946, Oglala remained with the “mothball fleet,” berthed in the Reserve Fleet at Suisun Bay, for almost two decades. She was sold to Nicolai Joffe Corporation, Beverly Hills, California, on 15 July 1965 and withdrawn from the fleet 2 September 1965 to be broken up for scrap.

Awards

 * World War I Victory Medal
 * American Defense Service Medal
 * American Campaign Medal
 * Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with two battle stars
 * World War II Victory Medal
 * Philippine Liberation Medal

Notable commanders
Half of Oglala's 24 commanders were United States Naval Academy graduates.

title: USS Oglala


text: Category:Big Horn County, Wyoming

title: Category:Big Horn County, Wyoming


text:
Iain Softley

Iain Declan Softley (born 30 November 1956) is an English film director, producer, and screenwriter. His films include Backbeat, Hackers, The Wings of the Dove, K-PAX, The Skeleton Key, Inkheart and the BBC adaptation of Sadie Jones's novel The Outcast.

Career
Softley was educated at St Benedict's School, Ealing, London, and Queens' College, Cambridge, where he directed a number of highly-praised theatrical productions. He worked for Granada TV and the BBC in the 1980s before moving on to music videos and film.

Softley's first film, the Stuart Sutcliffe biopic, Backbeat, which he wrote and directed, was released in 1994. It opened the Sundance Film Festival and went on to receive a BAFTA Award nomination for Best British Film. For his work on the film, Softley received Best Newcomer Awards from The London Film Critics Circle and Empire Magazine.

Following Backbeat, Softley directed the cyber thriller Hackers, starring Angelina Jolie and Jonny Lee-Miller. This was followed in 1997 by an adaptation of Henry James' novel, The Wings of the Dove, starring Helena Bonham-Carter. The film premiered at the Toronto and Venice Film Festivals, earned four Academy Award nominations, and won a number of awards including two BAFTAs and multiple acting honors for Bonham Carter.

Softley's next two films (released by Universal Pictures ) topped the US box office: the sci-fi mystery film K-PAX, starring Kevin Spacey, and Jeff Bridges, and the suspense thriller, The Skeleton Key with Kate Hudson, Gena Rowlands and John Hurt.

Other film credits include: Inkheart, from Cornelia Funke's best-selling book, with Helen Mirren, Paul Bettany and Jim Broadbent; Trap for Cinderella, starring Tuppence Middleton and Alexandra Roach, which Softley adapted and directed from Sebastien Japrisot's French crime novel; and Curve starring Julianne Hough, produced by Blumhouse Productions and released by Universal Pictures in 2016.

In 2010, Softley directed a stage adaptation of Backbeat, which was co-written with Stephen Jeffreys. It premiered at the Citizens Theatre in Glasgow, before transferring to the Duke of York's Theatre, in London and then subsequently Toronto, Los Angeles and Berlin.

In 2016, it was announced that Softley will direct Icarus, based on the life of British/American astronaut, Michael Foale, which Softley has developed with writers Hilary Thompson and Laurence Coriat. He will co-produce the project through his company, Forthcoming Films. Softley attended Queens' College, Cambridge at the same time as Foale.

Aside from his work in film, Softley has also worked in television. In 2012, he directed the short film, The Man, as part of Sky Arts' Playhouse Presents strand. The film was a satirical take on the clandestine Bilderberg Group and starred Stellan Skarsgard, Zoe Wannamaker, Hayley Atwell and Stephen Fry. In 2015, the BBC broadcast a two-part adaptation of author Sadie Jones' novel The Outcast which Softley also directed. The film was warmly received by The Guardian, with Julia Raeside writing: "The tone set by Iain Softley's beautifully restrained direction and the careful use of music creates a real feeling of loss from the start, just as in the book, but he somehow avoids all hammy visual foreshadowing and narrative signposting, so often used to gee a plot along".

Softley also directed the upcoming Disney+ short film The Shepherd, which stars John Travolta and is an adaptation of Frederick Forsyth's novel The Shepherd.

Production company
Together with his wife, film producer Sarah Curtis, Softley runs Forthcoming Films, which produces and develops their respective projects. Past productions include: Backbeat, On a Clear Day, Hysteria, Trap for Cinderella and Ophelia.

Future productions include: the Michael Foale biopic Icarus.

Personal life
Softley and Curtis live in London. Together, they have three children.

Musical video

 * "In the Army" by Status Quo (1986)
 * "Have You Ever Had It Blue" by The Style Council (1986)
 * "How Could an Angel Break My Heart" by Toni Braxton (1997)

title: Iain Softley


text:
Near Westside, Syracuse

The Near Westside is one of the oldest neighborhoods of Syracuse, New York, United States. In the early 1900s, many wealthy families, including the Mayor of Syracuse, lived in large homes along West Onondaga Street. A beautiful fountain with statues was located at Onondaga Circle, the junction of West Onondaga Street and Delaware Street. Streets like Delaware Street were lined with large elm trees and stately homes.

Industrial
Along the western border of the neighborhood, a multitude of factories employed local residents. These included Franklin Automobile Company, which produced luxury air-cooled cars from 1904 to 1934, and Lipe-Rollway Company, a manufacturer of gears. The main hub of industry started at South Geddes Street, not far from where George Fowler High School and City Hardware of Calley's United Appliance stand today. At the turn of the 19th century, typewriter factories, machinery factories and a large railroad yard along West Fayette Street provided jobs to the residents of the neighborhood.

Recent years
Today, the Near Westside is home to Syracuse's growing Latino community, with high numbers of Puerto Rican and Cuban families. St Lucy's Catholic Church continues to serve the area and its growing Latino population, offering services for immigrants and refugees at the West Side Learning Center, as well as hosting events such as Latino town hall meetings at the St Lucy's Auditorium.

The area is described as one of America's poorest neighborhoods by United Way of Central New York, with high levels of child poverty. Fowler High School, located on the western end of the neighborhood, has a high percentage of students eligible for free and reduced lunch, among other topics of concern within the community.

The area is served by many non-profit organizations. Several organizations based in this neighborhood provide services for the Latino community, such as the Spanish Action League and Syracuse Area Latinos United against Disparities (SALUD) Inc.

A number of economic and residential development projects have also taken place in the neighborhood's SALT District, led by the Near Westside Initiative, a not-for-profit organization that leverages the resources of Syracuse University. Branding itself as a distinct "neighborhood within a neighborhood", the SALT District has adopted a colorful logo and brand identity of "Syracuse. Arts. Literacy. Technology." The acronym SALT is a reference to the salt production industry that led to Syracuse's nickname, "the Salt City". The Gifford Foundation, Syracuse University's School of Architecture, Syracuse Center of Excellence, and Home HeadQuarters have also played key roles in the initiative.

To the far south of the neighborhood is Syracuse's newly-branded City-Gate Historic Neighborhood (2017). The West Onondaga Street Alliance (WOSA), with the support of Eric Mower & Associates and Cowley Advertising, have taken the initiative to reinvent and improve the neighborhood. The lack of interest in this historic neighborhood for several decades, and the increasing high concentration of poverty, have left the West Onondaga Street Corridor as nothing more than a conduit to reach other nearby neighborhoods. In 2015, the WOSA began to organize to change the direction of the corridor. Today, the City-Gate Historic Neighborhood is a beautiful, historic, and diverse neighborhood. Many business and development opportunities are available.

In 2015, the Everything Oz Museum, a 501c3 non-profit located in Chittenango, New York, purchased the Neal-Baum Mansion for the purpose of opening the nation's largest International Wizard of Oz Museum. L. Frank Baum, author of The Wizard of Oz, married his wife in this house. Baum was born in Chittenango, New York, a nearby suburb of Syracuse.

title: Near Westside, Syracuse