text:
Esha Deol

Esha Deol (born 2 November 1981) is an Indian actress who predominantly appears in Hindi films. The daughter of actors Dharmendra and Hema Malini, Deol made her acting debut in the romantic thriller Koi Mere Dil Se Poochhe (2002), which won her the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut.

Following a series of poorly received films, Deol had success in the political film Aayutha Ezhuthu (2004), the horror film Kaal (2005), the action thrillers Dhoom (2004) and Dus (2005), and the comedy No Entry (2005). This was followed by a setback and a hiatus. Deol returned to acting with the streaming series Rudra: The Edge of Darkness (2022) and Hunter Tootega Nahi Todega (2023).

Early life and family

Esha Deol was born in Bombay (present Mumbai) on 2 November 1981. She is the elder daughter of Bollywood actors Dharmendra and Hema Malini. She has a younger sister named Ahana. She is the half sister of actors Sunny Deol and Bobby Deol and the first cousin of actor Abhay Deol. Her father is Punjabi Jat, and her mother Tamil Hindu Iyengar Brahmin. She speaks Tamil with her mother and sister.

During her school days at Jamnabai Narsee School, she was passionate about football and played as a midfielder. She was the captain of her school football team, represented her college in handball at the state level. She played as a national level footballer and was also selected to play for Maharashtra in the Senior National Championship at Punjab in 2001.

Debut and early work (2002–2003)

She started her acting career in a lead role with Vinay Shukla's Koi Mere Dil Se Poochhe (2002) opposite Aftab Shivdasani, with Sanjay Kapoor, Jaya Bachchan and Anupam Kher playing supporting roles. The movie was a box office failure. Deol received mixed reactions from critics upon her performance. Savera R Someshwar of Rediff.com wrote "Esha, as a person, exudes a confidence that almost borders on arrogance." Rakesh Budhu of Planet Bollywood wrote "She isn't horrible, but given the hype, the demands and of course, comparisons, she surely isn't up to the mark. … Of course, she is nowhere close to being a washout and if you are her fan you can appreciate the other aspects of her performances without completely losing faith in her future projects." Despite mixed reactions and box office failure, Deol won numerous awards for her performance including the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut at the 48th Filmfare Awards.

Deol's second film was Arjun Sablok's love triangle Na Tum Jaano Na Hum opposite Saif Ali Khan and Hrithik Roshan. Taran Adarsh of IndiaFm praised her acting and wrote "it is Esha Deol who surprises you with a mature performance. Although her looks are inconsistent, the youngster takes on the role with utmost sincerity and comes out with a natural performance. She has been better presented when compared to her debut film." Bhavna Giani of Rediff praised Deol's acting and dancing and compared it to Deol's mother Hema Malini. Deol's third and final release of the year was Sanjay Chhel's Kyaa Dil Ne Kahaa opposite Tusshar Kapoor. It was Deol's third consecutive flop but she earned critical acclaim and Taran Adarsh observed that it was her better performance as compared to her previous two films.

Deol's first two movies of 2003: Kucch To Hai and Chura Liyaa Hai Tumne were box office failures. For Kucch To Hai, Deol earned mixed reviews from Taran Adarsh, who wrote "Esha Deol shows improvement in terms of performance as well as her overall appearance." Taran Adarsh considered Deol to be "alright" in Chura Liyaa Hai Tumne.

Deol was one of the heroines of J.P. Dutta's multi starrer war epic LOC: Kargil and was paired with Abhishek Bachchan. Though Deol and all the other heroines could not get much scope, she earned critical acclaim for her performance. The film became the sixth highest-grossing film of the year.

Breakthrough and success (2004–2008)
In 2004, Deol made her debut in Tamil cinema by playing a French teacher in Mani Ratnam's political film Aayutha Ezhuthu opposite Suriya. She earned critical acclaim for her performance. Sify.com defined her as "surprisingly fresh and sparkling". To prepare for her role, Deol learned nuances of the language with Mani Ratnam's assistant R. Kannan. This was the only Tamil film she ever acted in. After completing Aaytha Ezhuthu, Deol started filming the Hindi version of the movie titled Yuva. In Yuva, Deol repeated the same role and was paired opposite Ajay Devgn. Both movies were released on the same date but could not attain success. Yuva had a below average opening and flopped at the box office.

Deol finally got her breakthrough with Yash Raj Films' action film Dhoom opposite Abhishek Bachchan, John Abraham, Uday Chopra and Rimi Sen. It was Deol's first action role and she was paired opposite Chopra. The film had a decent opening and became a hit at the box office, becoming the fourth-highest-grossing film of the year. Deol did not get much scope in the film, but her performance earned her a nomination for the IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actress at the 6th IIFA Awards.

After the success of Dhoom, Deol starred in Krishna Vamsi's war film Insan opposite Akshay Kumar. It was Deol's first release of 2005. The film was a failure at the box office. Her next release was Main Aisa Hi Hoon opposite Ajay Devgn. The film was a remake of the Hollywood movie I Am Sam (2001). Deol played a supporting role and earned praise by Patcy N. Subhash K. Jha of IANS also praised Deol, writing: "Esha Deol as the fey unstable nomadic and maladjusted Maya is a mix of Zeenat Aman in Hare Rama Hare Krishna and Anooradha Patel in Ijaazat. Playing this zonked-out character Esha Deol comes into her own as an actress. Her far-way looks of pain, anger, neglect and insecurity remain with you long after the film. Yup she too has matured along with Hindi cinema."

In 2007, Deol's portrayal of a notorious and vengeful ghost for Ram Gopal Verma's Darling was reviewed positively. Her next release was Cash again opposite Ajay Devgn. In 2008, she performed her first item number in Ajay Devgn film Sunday. She further appeared in Hijack and took a sabbatical break from films for 3 years.

Hiatus and return to acting (2011–present)
Deol's next film was Tell Me O Kkhuda (2011) directed and produced by her mother Hema Malini. She portrayed the lead role in the film opposite Arjan Bajwa, Vinod Khanna, Rishi Kapoor and her father Dharmendra.

Deol released her short film Ek Duaa in which she acted and also produced alongside her husband. The film was released on Voot, and it was met with mixed to positive reviews.

Deol reunited with Ajay Devgan in the 2022 web series Rudra: The Edge of Darkness which marked her comeback. In 2023, She appeared alongside Suniel Shetty in the series Hunter Tootega Nahi Todega.

Other work
Like their mother, Esha and her sister are trained in classical dance forms. Esha is a professional Odissi dancer and was also trained in Bharatanatyam.

In February 2020, Deol announced her first book Amma Mia! on Instagram. This book is a hands-on guide on parenting and children diet.

Personal life
On 29 June 2012, Esha Deol married Bharat Takhtani in a low-key wedding ceremony at the ISKCON temple in Mumbai.

In April 2017, it was announced that the couple was expecting their first child. She gave birth to her daughter in October 2017 at Hinduja Hospital in Mumbai and named her Radhya. On 10 June 2019, she gave birth to her second daughter, Miraya. On 6 February 2024 Deol and Takhtani announced their separation after 12 years of marriage.

Films

 * All films are in Hindi unless otherwise noted.

title: Esha Deol


text:
Ibiúna

Ibiúna is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba. The population is 79,479 (2020 est.) in an area of 1058.08 km2. The elevation is 860 m.

Location
Located in the middle of a valley, its main economical activity/resources are provided from agriculture (developed by the hundreds of Japanese immigrants established there) and the city has been recently turned to a tourist city a few years ago. The whole Ibiuna territory encompasses rainforests, bushes, and hundreds of kilometers of native vegetation and wildlife.

The municipality contains part of the 488865 ha Serra do Mar Environmental Protection Area, created in 1984. It also contains part of the 26250 ha Jurupará State Park, created in 1992.

People
The population is mostly situated outside the metropolitan area (15,000 inhabitants in the city and approximately 65,000 in the suburbs) and is a mix of Portuguese Colonialists descendants, Italians, Germans and Africans — as mostly any part of the country, Ibiuna is a mix of races and cultures. Once a year, the city held the famous "São Sebastian festival" party celebrated for nearly a century to reaffirm the faith of town's divine intervention by St. Sebastian during a Spanish influenza epidemic (the celebration occurs every year during the last weekend of May).

Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia de Telecomunicações do Estado de São Paulo until 1975, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012.

The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Ibiúna


text:
Talk:Natick, Massachusetts

Twinkie factory in Natick?
Is there actually a Twinkie factory in Natick? This is mentioned in Family Guy, so it is probably false, but some of the locations mentioned in that show actually exist. --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 15:20, Oct 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * There was actually a large Wonderbread factory in Natick. It included a Hostess division, which creates Twinkies.  It closed down a few years ago. --Darrik 18:47, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I used to walk to school smelling the bread and pastries being baked... mmmmmm!

 * The building was torn down recently to make way for the expansion of the Natick Mall. Johnm4 04:00, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, Natick was once where Twinkies were made! My grandfather, a longtime resident of South Natick, was general manager of the bakery until his retirement in 1979 (at the time the parent company that ran the bakery was called ITT Intercontinental Baking Company although everything was marketed as Hostess). I saw the Twinkies on the line several times. Several other products were baked there, in addition to the bakery's main product, Wonder Bread, including Suzie Qs and, very briefly, Chocodiles. This was also one of the only bakeries in America to produce the Hostess fruitcake--I kid you not--which was only produced at holiday time and was only for sale via special order. User:TBck 02:28, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

Newspaper inquiry
I'm a reporter for Boston Globe writing a story about Wiki entries for local cities and towns. Interested to talk to contributors to this article. On deadline. Please contact me at thomascaywood@yahoo.com by Sunday, Sept. 17. Thanks! Thomas —Preceding unsigned comment added by Thomascaywood (talk • contribs) Sep 13, 2006

Chabad Center and "passed through natick" appropriate?
In 1986, the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, sent a young couple (Rabbi Levi and Mrs. Chanie Fogelman) to Natick to found the Chabad Center of Natick. One of over 3,000 Chabad institutions currently operating, it now includes a Jewish ritual bath known as a mikvah. This mikvah, known as the Western Well Mikvah, is the only one between Brighton and Worcester. It forms a fundamental part of Jewish married life.

In 1930, the Previous Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Joseph Isaac Schneersohn, passed through Natick on his way from Worcester to Boston. The Rebbe was visiting the United States after having been freed from Soviet imprisonment."

Does this really belong in the "History of Natick" section or on the page at all? I figure I'd leave it for discussion and possible justification before simply removing it. --Johnm4 04:23, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I moved the first paragraph down to the "Located in Natick" section and removed the second paragraph. Is there anything relevant or notable about that second paragraph? --Johnm4 21:21, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

Henry Wilson
Henry Wilson had a cobblers shop on the corner of West Main Street and Speen St. in Natick, now also called Route 135 (AKA West Main Street), it is an historical landmark, still standing today.Jvitagliano (talk) 23:04, 27 June 2008 (UTC)I'm reverting "Henry Wilson was a well-known anti-Semite, who frequently blamed the Civil War on Jewish war profiteers in the cotton business." as unsourced biographical information and possible NPOV issues. There is no such mention on the Henry Wilson wikipedia page. Also, I fail to see how this would be relevant to the Town of Natick page or the history of the town. If you want to include such a statement, please back it up with a source and explain why it is relevant to the page. --Johnm4 21:18, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

Og Mandino?
Somebody might want to consider adding him as a "notable" with Natick connections.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Og_Mandino

In one of his books he even talks about writing for the Sassamon, and his high school graduation at what I think was an old movie theater down the street from St.Patricks.

My $.02 and doubtless worth every penny.

What about Waban?
Why is there no mention of chief Waban in the history section? Weren't he and his Praying Indians actually the first settlers of Natick? Did Eliot ever live here? Wasn't Waban Natick's first justice of the peace appointed by the Massachusetts Bay Colony? clariosophic 02:26, 18 August 2007 (UTC)

Opening Sentence Reference Ambiguity
"The name Natick originates from the language of the Native American tribe known as the Massachusett, meaning place of hills."

It appears unclear (to me) whether 'place of the hills' is the meaning of 'Natick' or of 'Massachusett.'

"The name Natick, meaning place of hills, originates from the language of the Native American tribe known as the Massachusett."

resolves this ambiguity in a particular fashion--one of two which seem immediately apparent--as an example of the same words being used unambiguously (if incorrectly).

--Beofluff 05:15, 29 September 2007 (UTC)

South Natick
West Natick is also not recognized by the Commonwealth, but does not cause all this back and forth. Both terms are understood to be a section of Natick, and does not require clarification. Natick residents have been arguing about calling South Natick so for what seems like forever, but it is indeed the southern part of Natick, and is called such, as West Natick is.--Darrik (talk) 18:12, 24 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Natick has neighborhoods/villages, which do not seem to be incorporated or "official", but are listed in government documents. A search for "Natick" in this Massachusetts state document will reveal several regions or villages of Natick are listed.  Also, view the town on the USGS topographical map  for the area and West Natick and South Natick are clearly listed as regions of Natick.  This much is clear, and support reference to these neighborhoods where appropriate in the article. Now, as someone who grew up in Natick, I seem to remember that some residents of South Natick desired a little more formal status of their part of Natick, but this discussion should not keep the neighborhood names out of the article, especially when talking about where the original historical settlement of Natick was, which is in what is called today South Natick.  ~  Pesco  So say•we all 00:25, 1 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I adjusted the language so as to reference the unofficial use of village in calling the area 'South Natick,' as well as adjusting the reference to West Natick. Hopefully this resolves this ambiguity as concisely as possible.--Darrik (talk) 17:24, 7 October 2008 (UTC)

Stopping by again to attempt to clarify the South Natick section. The 'strong cultural identity' comment likely needs a citation, but I wasn't able to find one beyond the edit wars on wikipedia, which would be somewhat hard to reference. Rather than a citation, the rest of the paragraph attempts to demonstrate the fact. Darrik (talk) 14:58, 14 October 2014 (UTC)

Neighborhood and Community Sections Added
Please feel free to add on more information as necessary. I just wanted to put a long awaited neighborhood/community section in so I just wrote the basics. If there is a dispute about the information currently listed, please discuss it here before editing. I am a Natick resident so to my knowledge, all of these are true. Thanks! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.93.240.96 (talk) 23:03, 21 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Hello. Sorry, I tried to post on this talk page but I guess my post was lost.  I meant to comment on my edit to your community/neighborhood section when I edited it.  I will post again when I have time, but I wanted to let you know I wasn't ignoring your request to discuss the issue on the talk page.  My apologies.  ~  Pesco  So say•we all 02:02, 25 March 2009 (UTC)

Do we really need all of the plugs for various non-profits and religious organizations? There are more than 40 different churches and places of worship in Natick, if you list one. . . do you need to list them all? Some of what is here sounds like press-release material. Religious people don't need to look to the Wikipedia to find their place of worship.

I agree, there are a few residents who try to boost the town's image as a cultural mecca with all these non-profits. Assumption is that they also boost their own egos for living there. ("HI, I'm from Natick, Home of Champions, and we have lots of arts and culture here. We're next door to Wellesley too!) Anyone who knows Natick realizes it's not anywhere near as special as they make it appear. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Naticktownie (talk • contribs) 21:07, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

Well, I disagree that the town isn't special. I was born and raised here, and came back because it is a really nice place to live, especially with the revitalization of downtown, and the big increase in artist studios and shops. Acter (talk) 08:47, 16 October 2012 (UTC)

Notable Residents
The link for the ballet dancer Michael Owen is pointing to the Wikipedia page for Michael Owen the English footballer. I've edited out the link. Acter (talk) 08:46, 16 October 2012 (UTC)

Census
Census data is listed in two places with inconsistencies. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.49.108.200 (talk) 03:56, 4 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified (February 2018)
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070725212953/http://www2.natick.k12.ma.us/ourschools/main.cfm to http://www2.natick.k12.ma.us/ourschools/main.cfm
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climate data
removed obvious corrupt climate data showing natick as colder in winter than Burlington VT and such places. it was almost certainly vandalized, so i believe true data can be found in the page history, but i am on a hotspot now and for the time being so i cannot easily pore through the history to find the original. i believe we are better off with no table than with a table of false temperatures. i will get around to posting proper data when i can, if nobody else does. thank you, — Soap — 17:20, 28 June 2019 (UTC)
 * restored data from 2015. hopefully correct. source is unchanged. — Soap — 18:35, 29 June 2019 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 15:52, 19 May 2020 (UTC)
 * 2012 Natick Town Logo.jpg

Town Seal
A new town seal was voted on at 2023 Spring Town Meeting "Article 32 New Town Seal" 207.180.133.162 (talk) 14:40, 17 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Natick, Massachusetts


text: Category:Pyrotechnics

title: Category:Pyrotechnics


text:
Steve Mills (footballer)

Stephen John Mills (9 December 1953 – 1 August 1988) was a professional footballer with Southampton who had his career cut short by a serious car accident and died of leukaemia aged 34.

Early life
Mills was born in Portsmouth, the grandson of Portsmouth's 1934 FA Cup goalkeeper, Jock Gilfillan. He attended Gosport County Grammar School and represented Hampshire Schools. He came to The Dell on a week's trial as a 15-year-old schoolboy and was promptly snapped up by manager Ted Bates, joining the Saints as a trainee in February 1969, signing as a professional in July 1971.

Playing career
He was extremely quick and a fierce tackler – a natural right-back. He made his debut on 3 October 1972 (aged 18) against Notts County in the Football League Cup. At the end of the 1972–73 season he made his league debut, and in the following season, became a regular full-back. A series of impressive appearances for Southampton earned him recognition for England at under-23 level.

He appeared to be on the verge of an illustrious career, when he was involved in a serious car accident in February 1975. He was on his way home from a night out with friends at Portsmouth Greyhound Stadium, when the car in which he was travelling hit a kerb and overturned. Whilst the other occupants of the car survived with minor injuries, Steve sustained a fractured pelvis and back injuries. At the time, doctors questioned whether he would ever walk again, but within 12 weeks he was out of hospital.

After a gruelling stint at an Army rehabilitation centre, he flew to the USA where he played football for Miami Toros to regain match fitness. He made his comeback match on the final day of the 1975–76 season, a week before the FA Cup final, replacing the suspended David Peach. Sadly, his fitness had been irrevocably damaged and he was forced to give up the game after 2 matches in the following season.

Illness and death
After finally retiring from playing, he moved back to Gosport, and took over his parents' newsagency, before, in 1986, discovering that he had leukaemia. He was diagnosed as suffering from a complicated mixture of myeloid and lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Mills vigorously fought the disease and became involved in charity work by establishing a fund for leukaemia research.

Despite being hospitalised by the side effects of his medical treatment, he organised the biggest charity match ever seen in the South of England with an all-time Saints XI playing the then current team at The Dell in May 1988, involving players such as Mick Channon, Alan Ball, Kevin Keegan and Martin Chivers playing in front of a capacity crowd of over 20,000. Mills received an emotional standing ovation when he appeared on the pitch.

He died on 1 August 1988, having battled against the illness for two years.

On 23 October 2021 his memory was honoured with the Forever Saint award, presented to his family at St Mary's Stadium where Southampton were playing Burnley.

The Steve Mills Stem Cell Laboratory
The charity fund he established before he died raised more than £100,000 towards creating a stem cell laboratory, which was opened at Southampton's Royal South Hants Hospital a year later. The charity continued to provide funds for research into leukaemia over the next 18 years, and in September 2006 the laboratory moved to a new location at Southampton General Hospital. The new unit was officially opened on 27 September 2006 by Steve's widow Jo and former Southampton footballer and manager, Alan Ball.

 * The Steve Mills Stem Cell Laboratory processes, stores and issues stem cell products for transplant.
 * The processing of a patient's stem cell products takes around 3 hours to complete.
 * Stem cell donations are processed as soon as they arrive at the laboratory because stem cells have a shelf life of just 24 hours.
 * The laboratory reacts quickly to hospital requests and processes up to 12 stem cell donations a week.
 * The laboratory processes stem cells for Southampton University Hospitals Trust, Bournemouth Hospital, Poole Hospital, Salisbury District Hospital St. Georges Hospital and Dorset County Hospital.
 * In addition to processing, storing and issuing stem cell products, the laboratory undertakes critical research and development of new cancer therapies and treatments.

title: Steve Mills (footballer)


text:
Talk:Gordon Clark

Thought
I'd like to add something that summarizes Clark's thought in a little more detail. --Flex 15:25, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 16:31, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gordon Clark


text:
Telehouse Europe

Telehouse is a major carrier-neutral colocation, information and communications technology services provider based in Docklands, London. Established in 1988, it operates eight facilities in London, Paris and Frankfurt. Part of the global Telehouse network of data centres, the brand has 45 colocation facilities in 26 major cities around the world including Moscow, Istanbul, Johannesburg, Cape Town, Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Singapore, Vietnam, Seoul, Tokyo, New York and Los Angeles. KDDI, Telehouse's Japanese telecommunications and systems integration parent company, operates data centre facilities in America and Asia.

London
Operational since 1990, Telehouse North became Europe's first purpose-built neutral colocation facility. LINX traffic has been moving through the carrier-neutral Telehouse campus since its opening. Telehouse hosts the vast majority of internet peering traffic from LINX.

It is the main hub of the Internet in the United Kingdom. In response to growing demand for a Central London location, Telehouse opened an additional colocation facility in 1997, Telehouse Metro, in the London Borough of Islington near Silicon Roundabout, Telehouse Metro later closed in 2020.

A second building at the Docklands site, Telehouse East, was opened in 1999 and the construction of a third building, Telehouse West, at its Docklands site was completed in March 2010. In July 2014 KDDI announced that a fourth building North Two would be built on the site, adjacent to the existing Telehouse North building. In August 2016, Telehouse Europe opened $177 million North Two data center of 24,000 square meters, increasing its capacity at the Docklands site where it already had 73,000 square meters of space. According to Telehouse, North Two is the only UK data center to own a 132 kV on-campus grid substation that is directly connected to the National Grid, reducing transmission losses and improving power density and service continuity. North Two also utilizes the first multi-storey adiabatic cooling system in the world, delivering an industry-leading 1.16 PUE. The site has a capacity of up to 73 MVA in total.

Telehouse London is the primary home of the London Internet Exchange since 1994, while UK internet exchanges like LONAP are also present.

In 2012, Telehouse built their own primary substation, at 50MVA and two 132kVA power lines directly connected to the high voltage power network for the London Docklands site.

As of March 2019, Telehouse London North is listed as most populated datacenter in EMEA by the data center rankings, working with over 530 network carriers, ISPs and ASPs, including Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud Platform and Microsoft Azure, as well as CenturyLink, Hurricane Electric, Interoute, Voxility, TeliaSonera and NTT communications. Existing Telehouse customers can interconnect to any of these parties via a cross connect.

Paris
Telehouse Europe operates three sites in Paris:
 * Telehouse Paris Jeûneurs. Opened in 1996 near the famous Rue du Sentier.
 * Telehouse Paris Voltaire which opened in 1998.
 * Telehouse Magny-Les-Hameaux (Yvelines département). Originally a national military defence location, the site was converted into a data centre in 2009 and now provides 15,000 square meters of colocation space.

Frankfurt
Telehouse Europe also operates one site in Frankfurt:
 * Telehouse Frankfurt. Opened in 2012, Telehouse acquired one of Germany's largest colocation sites, Databurg.

title: Telehouse Europe


text: Category:Veneto

title: Category:Veneto


text:
Majid Ansari

Majid Ansari (born in 1954 in Khanuk, Kerman Province) is an Iranian politician and cleric. He is currently member of the Expediency Discernment Council. He was formerly Vice President for Legal Affairs from July 12, 2016 until August 9, 2017. Previously held vice presidency in parliamentary affairs from October 12, 2004 to August 29, 2005, appointed by President Mohammad Khatami and the second term from September 1, 2013 until July 12, 2016 under President Hassan Rouhani. On 2 August 2017, Ansari announced that he will not be part of second Rouhani government.

Ansari is also a former representative to the Assembly of Experts and a current member of the Expediency Discernment Council. Politically, he is a member of the Central Council of Association of Combatant Clerics.

Previously, he has been a representative of Tehran in the Parliament of Iran until 2004. Ansari has openly supported Sadegh Khalkhali, the hanging judge and his serial executions.

title: Majid Ansari


text:
Army of the Cumberland

The Army of the Cumberland was one of the principal Union armies in the Western Theater during the American Civil War. It was originally known as the Army of the Ohio.

History
The origin of the Army of the Cumberland dates back to the creation of the Army of the Ohio in November 1861, under the command of Brig. Gen. Robert Anderson. The army fought under the name Army of the Ohio until Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans assumed command of the army and the Department of the Cumberland and changed the name of the combined entity to the Army of the Cumberland. When Rosecrans assumed command, the army and the XIV Corps were the same unit, divided into three "grand divisions" (wings) commanded by Alexander McCook (right wing), George H. Thomas (Center), and Thomas L. Crittenden (Left).

General Order No. 168 was the order passed by the Union Army on October 24, 1862, that called for commissioning the XIV Corps into the Army of the Cumberland.

The army's first significant combat under the Cumberland name was at the Battle of Stones River. After the battle the army and XIV Corps were separated. The former Center wing became XIV Corps, the Right wing became XX Corps, and the Left wing became XXI Corps. Rosecrans still retained command of the army. He next led it through the Tullahoma Campaign and at the Battle of Chickamauga, after which the army became besieged at Chattanooga. Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant arrived at Chattanooga. Reinforcements from the Army of the Potomac and the Army of the Tennessee also arrived. Rosecrans had been a popular and respected commander, but because of his defeat at Chickamauga and inability to lift the Confederate siege, Grant chose to replace him with George H. Thomas on October 19, 1863.

In the Battles for Chattanooga, Grant had been leery of using the Army of the Cumberland in the main fighting, fearing their morale to be too low after the defeat at Chickamauga. Instead, he used the veterans from the Army of the Potomac, proud of their recent victory at the Battle of Gettysburg, to take Lookout Mountain and planned to use the troops from the Army of the Tennessee, also recent victors at the Siege of Vicksburg, to attack the Confederate right flank on Missionary Ridge. The Army of the Cumberland was given the minor task of seizing the rifle pits at the base of Missionary Ridge. However, once they achieved their objective, four divisions (one led by Philip H. Sheridan) stormed up the ridge and routed the Confederate center. When Grant angrily asked who had ordered those troops up the ridge both Thomas and Gordon Granger, a corps commander in the army, responded they did not know. Granger then added, "Once those boys get started, all hell can't stop 'em."

After Grant's victory at Chattanooga earned him promotion to general-in-chief of the U.S. Army, Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman assumed command of Grant's Military Division of the Mississippi, which controlled all Union armies in the West. He created an "army group" of the Army of the Cumberland, the Army of the Tennessee, and the Army of the Ohio and marched towards Atlanta in May 1864. On the way to Atlanta they fought in many battles and skirmishes including the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. In September, Atlanta fell to Sherman's army group. When Confederate general John B. Hood moved north from Atlanta, Sherman chose not to follow him and instead dispatched some of the Army of the Cumberland (IV Corps and Provisional Detachment) and the Army of the Ohio (XXIII Corps) after him. Thomas finally met Hood at the Battle of Nashville and crushed him, thus bringing to an end any significant military actions for the Army of the Cumberland. Other elements of the Army of the Cumberland (the XIV and XX Corps) marched to the sea and north through the Carolinas with Sherman, under the command of Maj. Gen. Henry W. Slocum. These forces became the Union's Army of Georgia and participated in the Grand Review of the Armies in Washington, D.C., before President Andrew Johnson in 1865.

Orders of battle

 * Stones River Union order of battle
 * Chickamauga Union order of battle
 * Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign Union order of battle
 * Atlanta Campaign Union order of battle
 * Peachtree Creek Union order of battle
 * Nashville Union order of battle

title: Army of the Cumberland


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Porin (protein)

Porins are beta barrel proteins that cross a cellular membrane and act as a pore, through which molecules can diffuse. Unlike other membrane transport proteins, porins are large enough to allow passive diffusion, i.e., they act as channels that are specific to different types of molecules. They are present in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and some gram-positive mycobacteria (mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes), the outer membrane of mitochondria, and the outer chloroplast membrane (outer plastid membrane).

Structure
Porins are composed of beta sheets (β sheets) made up of beta strands (β strands) which are linked together by beta turns (β turns) on the cytoplasmic side and long loops of amino acids on the other. The β strands lie in an antiparallel fashion and form a cylindrical tube, called a beta barrel (β barrel). The amino acid composition of the porin β strands are unique in that polar and nonpolar residues alternate along them. This means that the nonpolar residues face outward so as to interact with the nonpolar lipids of outer membrane, whereas the polar residues face inwards into the center of the beta barrel to create the aqueous channel. The specific amino acids in the channel determine the specificity of the porin to different molecules.

The β barrels that make up a porin are composed of as few as eight β strands to as many as twenty-two β strands. The individual strands are joined together by loops and turns. The majority of porins are monomers; however, some dimeric porins have been discovered, as well as an octameric porin. Depending on the size of the porin, the interior of the protein may either be filled with water, have up to two β strands folded back into the interior, or contain a "stopper" segment composed of β strands.

All porins form homotrimers in the outer membrane, meaning that three identical porin subunits associate together to form a porin super-structure with three channels. Hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions between each monomer in the homotrimer ensure that they do not dissociate, and remain together in the outer membrane.

Several parameters have been used to describe the structure of a porin protein. They include the tilting angle (α), shear number (S), strand number (n), and barrel radius (R). The tilting angle refers to the angle relative to the membrane. The shear number (S) is the number of amino acid residues found in each β strands. Strand number (n) is the amount of β strands in the porin, and barrel radius (R) refers to the radius of the opening of the porin. These parameters are related via the following formulas:

 * $$ 2 \pi R = \frac{nb}{2 \cos( \alpha )} $$

and,

 * $$\tan(\alpha) = \frac{S a}{nb}$$

Using these formulas, the structure of a porin can be determined by knowing only a few of the available parameters. While the structure of many porins have been determined using X-ray crystallography, the alternative method of sequencing protein primary structure may also be used instead.

Cellular roles
Porins are water-filled pores and channels found in the membranes of bacteria and eukaryotes. Porin-like channels have also been discovered in archaea. Note that the term "nucleoporin" refers to unrelated proteins that facilitate transport through nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope.

Porins are primarily involved in passively transporting hydrophilic molecules of various sizes and charges across the membrane. For survival, certain required nutrients and substrates must be transported into the cells. Likewise, toxins and wastes must be transported out to avoid toxic accumulation. Additionally, porins can regulate permeability and prevent lysis by limiting the entry of detergents into the cell.

Two types of porins exist to transport different materials– general and selective. General porins have no substrate specificities, though some exhibit slight preferences for anions or cations. Selective porins are smaller than general porins, and have specificities for chemical species. These specificities are determined by the threshold sizes of the porins, and the amino acid residues lining them.

In gram-negative bacteria, the inner membrane is the major permeability barrier. The outer membrane is more permeable to hydrophilic substances, due to the presence of porins. Porins have threshold sizes of transportable molecules that depend on the type of bacteria and porin. Generally, only substances less than 600 daltons in size can diffuse through.

Diversity
Porins were first discovered in gram-negative bacteria, but gram-positive bacteria with both types of porins have been found. They exhibit similar transport functions but have a more limited variety of porins, compared to the distribution found in gram-negative bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria lack outer membranes, so these porin channels are instead bound to specific lipids within the cell walls.

Porins are also found in eukaryotes, specifically in the outer membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts. The organelles contain general porins that are structurally and functionally similar to bacterial ones. These similarities have supported the Endosymbiotic theory, through which eukaryotic organelles arose from gram-negative bacteria. However, eukaryotic porins exhibit the same limited diversity as gram-positive porins, and also display a greater voltage-dependent role during metabolism.

Archaea also contain ion channels that have originated from general porins. The channels are found in the cell envelope and help facilitate solute transfer. They have similar characteristics as bacterial and mitochondrial porins, indicating physiological overlaps over all three domains of life.

Antibiotic resistance
Many porins are targets for host immune cells, resulting in signaling pathways that lead to bacterial degradation. Therapeutic treatments, like vaccinations and antibiotics, are used to supplement this immune response. Specific antibiotics have been designed to travel through porins in order to inhibit cellular processes.

However, due to selective pressure, bacteria can develop resistance through mutations in the porin gene. The mutations may lead to a loss of porins, resulting in the antibiotics having a lower permeability or being completely excluded from transport. These changes have contributed to the global emergence of antibiotic resistance, and an increase in mortality rates from infections.

Discovery
The discovery of porins has been attributed to Hiroshi Nikaido, nicknamed "the porinologist."

Classification
According to TCDB, there are five evolutionarily independent superfamilies of porins. Porin superfamily I includes 47 families of porins with a range of numbers of trans-membrane β-strands (β-TMS). These include the GBP, SP and RPP porin families. While PSF I includes 47 families, PSF II-V each contain only 2 families. While PSF I derives members from gram-negative bacteria primarily one family of eukaryotic mitochondrial porins, PSF II and V porins are derived from Actinomycetota. PSF III and V are derived from eukaryotic organelle.

Porin Superfamily I
1.B.1 - The General bacterial porin family 1.B.2 - The Chlamydial Porin (CP) Family 1.B.3 - The Sugar porin (SP) Family 1.B.4 - The Brucella-Rhizobium porin (BRP) Family 1.B.5 - The Pseudomonas OprP Porin (POP) Family 1.B.6 - OmpA-OmpF porin (OOP) family 1.B.7 Rhodobacter PorCa porin (RPP) family 1.B.8 Mitochondrial and plastid porin (MPP) family 1.B.9 FadL outer membrane protein (FadL) family 1.B.10 Nucleoside-specific channel-forming outer membrane porin (Tsx) family 1.B.11 Outer membrane fimbrial usher porin (FUP) family 1.B.12 Autotransporter-1 (AT-1) family 1.B.13 Alginate export porin (AEP) family 1.B.14 Outer membrane receptor (OMR) family 1.B.15 Raffinose porin (RafY) family 1.B.16 Short chain amide and urea porin (SAP) family 1.B.17 Outer membrane factor (OMF) family 1.B.18 Outer membrane auxiliary (OMA) protein family 1.B.19 Glucose-selective OprB porin (OprB) family 1.B.20 Two-partner secretion (TPS) family 1.B.21 OmpG porin (OmpG) family 1.B.22 Outer bacterial membrane secretin (secretin) family 1.B.23 Cyanobacterial porin (CBP) family 1.B.24 Mycobacterial porin 1.B.25 Outer membrane porin (Opr) family 1.B.26 Cyclodextrin porin (CDP) family 1.B.31 Campylobacter jejuni major outer membrane porin (MomP) family 1.B.32 Fusobacterial outer membrane porin (FomP) family 1.B.33 Outer membrane protein insertion porin (Bam complex) (OmpIP) family 1.B.34 Corynebacterial porins 1.B.35 Oligogalacturonate-specific porin (KdgM) family 1.B.39 Bacterial porin, OmpW (OmpW) family 1.B.42 - The Outer Membrane Lipopolysaccharide Export Porin (LPS-EP) Family 1.B.43 - The Coxiella Porin P1 (CPP1) Family 1.B.44 - The Probable Protein Translocating Porphyromonas gingivalis Porin (PorT) Family 1.B.49 - The Anaplasma P44 (A-P44) Porin Family 1.B.54 - Intimin/Invasin (Int/Inv) or Autotransporter-3 family 1.B.55 - The Poly Acetyl Glucosamine Porin (PgaA) Family 1.B.57 - The Legionella Major-Outer Membrane Protein (LM-OMP) Family 1.B.60 - The Omp50 Porin (Omp50 Porin) Family 1.B.61 - The Delta-Proteobacterial Porin (Delta-Porin) Family 1.B.62 - The Putative Bacterial Porin (PBP) Family 1.B.66 - The Putative Beta-Barrel Porin-2 (BBP2) Family 1.B.67 - The Putative Beta Barrel Porin-4 (BBP4) Family 1.B.68 - The Putative Beta Barrel Porin-5 (BBP5) Superfamily 1.B.70 - The Outer Membrane Channel (OMC) Family 1.B.71 - The Proteobacterial/Verrucomicrobial Porin (PVP) Family 1.B.72 - The Protochlamydial Outer Membrane Porin (PomS/T) Family 1.B.73 - The Capsule Biogenesis/Assembly (CBA) Family 1.B.78 - The DUF3374 Electron Transport-associated Porin (ETPorin) Family

Porin Superfamily II (MspA Superfamily)
1.B.24 - Mycobacterial porin 1.B.58 - Nocardial Hetero-oligomeric Cell Wall Channel (NfpA/B) Family

Porin Superfamily III
1.B.28 - The Plastid Outer Envelope Porin of 24 kDa (OEP24) Family 1.B.47 - The Plastid Outer Envelope Porin of 37 kDa (OEP37) Family

Porin Superfamily IV (Tim17/OEP16/PxMPL (TOP) Superfamily)
This superfamily includes protein that comprise pores in multicomponent protein translocases as follows: 3.A.8 - [Tim17 (P39515) Tim22 (Q12328) Tim23 (P32897)]; 1.B.69 - [PXMP4 (Q9Y6I8) PMP24 (A2R8R0)]; 3.D.9 - [NDH 21.3 kDa component (P25710)]

1.B.30 - The Plastid Outer Envelope Porin of 16 kDa (OEP16) Family 1.B.69 - The Peroxysomal Membrane Porin 4 (PxMP4) Family 3.A.8 - The Mitochondrial Protein Translocase (MPT) Family

Porin Superfamily V (Corynebacterial PorA/PorH Superfamily)
1.B.34 - The Corynebacterial Porin A (PorA) Family 1.B.59 - The Outer Membrane Porin, PorH (PorH) Family

title: Porin (protein)


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Kuwait national football team

The Kuwait national football team (منتخب الكويت لكرة القدم) is the national team of Kuwait and is controlled by the Kuwait Football Association. Kuwait made one World Cup finals appearance, in 1982, managing one point in the group stages. In the Asian Cup, Kuwait reached the final in 1976 and won the tournament in 1980.

Kuwait's 20–0 win over Bhutan in 2000 was, at the time, the biggest-ever margin of victory in international football. It was surpassed in 2001, when Australia defeated American Samoa 31–0.

While Kuwait was one of Asia's major football forces from the 1970s to the 2000s, the strength of the national team started to fade slowly from the 2010s, with Kuwait failing in two consecutive Asian Cups in 2011 and 2015, before being disqualified for 2019 edition and missing out on 2023 AFC Asian Cup. The team has also failed to reach any World Cup since 1982.

Early successes
Kuwait's first international match was played in the 1961 Arab Games against Libya, which ended in a 2–2 draw. Kuwait's biggest loss was against the United Arab Republic when they lost 8–0 in the same tournament. Kuwait's national football team joined the World Cup in 1982, which was held in Spain. Kuwait was placed in the fourth group and got fourth place after defeats to England and France and a respectable draw with Czechoslovakia. Kuwait won the Asian Cup in 1980, which was held on its soil. Kuwait won the Final 3–0 against South Korea. Kuwait's historical highest FIFA ranking was 24th place, achieved in December 1998. Bader Al-Mutawa is the most capped player of the Kuwaiti team, and Bashar Abdullah is the top goalscorer in the history of the Kuwait national football team. Kuwait has won the Arabian Gulf Cup ten times, and is the most successful team in winning that competition. Kuwait's most historical manager was Luiz Felipe Scolari, who won the World Cup with Brazil, and was forced to leave the country after the 1990 invasion by Iraq. He led Kuwait to win the 1990 Gulf Cup beating Qatar in The Final.

Kuwait's biggest win was against Bhutan, which ended in a thrilling 20–0 win, which was the biggest win until Australia won 31–0 against American Samoa in 2001. Kuwait's most successful years were between 1970 and 1990 which had players like Jasem Yaqoub, Faisal Al-Dakhil, and Saad Al-Houti.

Impact of the Iraqi Invasion on the Kuwaiti National Football Team
The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 had a profound and devastating impact on the Kuwaiti national football team. During the occupation, sports activities were severely disrupted as many athletes, including football players, were displaced or went into exile. The Kuwait Football Association's headquarters and facilities were damaged, leading to the suspension of all football competitions in the country. Consequently, the national team was unable to participate in the 1990 Asian Games and the 1992 AFC Asian Cup qualifiers. This disruption hindered the development of football in Kuwait, as resources were diverted to rebuild the nation.

Kuwait's football league, the Kuwaiti Premier League, was also suspended, causing a significant loss of competitive match experience for players. Many training facilities and stadiums were damaged or repurposed for military use during the invasion, which further hampered the team's preparations and development. Additionally, financial constraints post-invasion led to reduced funding for sports, affecting the quality of training and support available to athletes.

Despite these challenges, the team made a notable comeback in subsequent years. In 1994, Kuwait won the Gulf Cup of Nations, showcasing their resilience and ability to recover from the invasion's setbacks. The national team also qualified for the 1996 AFC Asian Cup, advancing to the quarter-finals, which was a significant achievement given the circumstances. The invasion's long-term effects were felt across the sporting community, highlighting the resilience and determination of Kuwaiti athletes and officials in rebuilding their footballing legacy post-occupation.

Suspensions
On 30 October 2007, Kuwait was suspended by FIFA from all participation in international football, on the grounds of governmental interference in the national football association. The ban lasted less than 2 weeks. On 24 October 2008, Kuwait was again suspended by FIFA from all participation in international football, because it failed to hold the General Assembly elections by mid-October. FIFA provisionally lifted its suspension on the Kuwait Football Association (KFA) on 22 December 2008. By the time, while Kuwait remained a formidable force in the Gulf, it has also declined from Asia's relevance, unable to progress from the group stage of the 2011 and 2015 AFC Asian Cups, the team finished last with no point in both tournaments.

Once again, on 16 October 2015, Kuwait was suspended for the third time as FIFA did not recognize the new sports law in the country. Kuwait tried to get the suspension lifted at the 66th FIFA Congress but this was rejected. Therefore, from the earlier announcement on 27 April 2016, the hosting of the Gulf Cup tournament would also be moved to Qatar. The suspension was eventually lifted on 6 December 2017, after Kuwait adopted a new sports law. By this time, the team had fallen from 139th place to 189th place in the FIFA World Rankings due to its inactivity, which also caused the team to miss the qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup and the 2019 AFC Asian Cup.

On 7 December 2017, it was announced that Kuwait would host the 2017 Gulf Cup tournament after Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain, all withdrew when the tournament was previously set to be hosted by Qatar because of the Qatari diplomatic crisis, so it was moved to Kuwait to please all withdrawn parties to participate.

Revival
During the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification, Kuwait, which only started to rebuild its team following years of suspensions and instabilities, was drawn in group B alongside old foes Australia and Jordan, outside minnows Nepal and Chinese Taipei. Although Kuwait has better head-to-head records against Australia in major tournaments, suspensions and inactivities proved detrimental as the team lost 0–3 twice. Still, the qualifiers stood out as the best qualification for Kuwait since 2006, where Kuwait impressed by finishing second, though being unable to progress to the third round.

In June 2022, despite Kuwait became the host for their third round of 2023 AFC Asian Cup qualifiers group. Kuwait failed to qualify, as they lost to Indonesia and Jordan.

In June 2023, Kuwait was invited as a guest team in the 2023 SAFF Championship, where Kuwait finished as runner-up, losing to India through penalty shootout in the final.

In June 2024, Kuwait qualified for the 2027 AFC Asian Cup, after 9 years of not qualifying, and advanced into the third round of the 2026 FIFA World Cup qualifications.

Team Image of the Kuwaiti National Football Team
The Kuwaiti national football team, also known as "Al-Azraq" (The Blue), is recognized for its distinctive blue kits, symbolizing the nation's maritime heritage and the blue of the Arabian Gulf. The team's emblem features a falcon, a national symbol of Kuwait, set against the backdrop of the national colors: red, white, green, and black. This emblem represents strength, pride, and the rich cultural heritage of the country. The blue color of their kits has become a powerful symbol of national pride and unity, resonating deeply with the Kuwaiti people.

Kuwait has a proud footballing history, with notable achievements including winning the AFC Asian Cup in 1980 and the Gulf Cup of Nations multiple times. The team's home matches are played at the Jaber Al-Ahmad International Stadium, a modern facility that underscores Kuwait's commitment to sports and its ambition to compete at the highest levels. The stadium, with a seating capacity of 60,000, is one of the largest and most advanced in the region, reflecting the country's dedication to providing top-notch facilities for its athletes and fans.

The Kuwaiti national team is known for its talented and tactical style of play. Over the years, the team has produced several notable players who have made significant contributions both domestically and internationally. Players like Jasem Yaqoub, Bashar Abdullah, and Waleed Ali are celebrated figures in Kuwaiti football, having played pivotal roles in the team's successes.

Kuwait's football culture is deeply rooted in its community, with passionate fans who support the team through thick and thin. The national team's image is one of resilience and determination, reflecting the country's spirit both on and off the pitch. The team's supporters, known for their vibrant and enthusiastic presence at matches, play a crucial role in creating an electrifying atmosphere that motivates the players. This passionate fanbase is often seen waving large Kuwaiti flags, chanting traditional songs, and creating a sea of blue in the stands, fostering a sense of unity and national pride.

Despite their earlier successes, the Kuwaiti national team experienced a decline in performance in the late 1990s and early 2000s. This period was marked by internal management issues, lack of adequate investment in youth development, and increasing competition from other Gulf and Asian nations. The team's performance in major tournaments waned, and they struggled to qualify for the World Cup and other significant international competitions. This decline was compounded by political and economic challenges that affected the overall sports infrastructure in the country.

Off the field, the Kuwait Football Association (KFA) works tirelessly to develop the sport at the grassroots level, ensuring a steady pipeline of talent for the national team. The KFA's efforts in organizing domestic leagues, youth academies, and coaching programs are instrumental in maintaining a competitive edge and fostering a strong football culture in the country. Despite the challenges, recent efforts have been made to revitalize the team and restore its former glory through strategic planning, better management, and renewed investment in player development.

Overall, the Kuwaiti national football team embodies the pride and aspirations of the nation, standing as a symbol of unity and national identity.

Home Stadium
The Kuwait National Team has two home stadiums, and they are Jaber Al-Ahmad International Stadium and Al-Sadaqua Walsalam Stadium. Jaber Al-Ahmed International Stadium was built in 2009, and Kuwait celebrated winning the 20th Gulf Cup in that stadium; while Al-Sadaqua Walsalam Stadium is for the Kuwaiti club Kazma SC and was the Kuwait national team home. Following the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification-AFC second round, playing against the Philippines on 23 July 2011, this was the last time Mohammed Al-Hamed Stadium was Kuwait's Home stadium. On 16 May 2012, Kuwait played against the 2011–12 La Liga Champions Real Madrid in Al Kuwait Sports Club Stadium, the home ground of Kuwaiti club Kuwait SC, which Real Madrid won 2–0. Kuwait played their entire 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification-AFC third round in Al-Sadaqua Walsalam Stadium, beating the United Arab Emirates 2–1, drawing with South Korea 1–1 and losing to Lebanon 1–0.

Before Jaber Al-Ahmed international stadium was finally built in 2009, Kuwait played in Mohammed Al-Hamed Stadium. When Kuwait hosted the 1980 Asian Cup, the tournament was hosted in Sabah Al-Salem Stadium, which has a capacity of 22,000 spectators and was the largest stadium in Kuwait at that time, and Kuwait won their first and only Asian Cup of all time in that stadium. When Kuwait hosted the 1974 Gulf Cup, it was the first time Kuwait had hosted a Gulf Cup competition, and all the matches were played in Al Kuwait Sports Club Stadium. Kuwait were champions of that competition for the first time in their history on home soil, and the third time in a row overall. In 1990, Kuwait hosted the 1990 Gulf Cup for the second time in its history and were crowned Champions of that competition. All of the games were played at Al-Sadaqua Walsalam Stadium. In the 2003 Gulf Cup, Kuwait hosted the competition for the third time, and once again, all the matches were played in one stadium, the Al-Sadaqua Walsalam Stadium. However, Kuwait lost the competition. In the 2017 Gulf Cup, Kuwait hosted the tournament for the fourth time. All the matches were played in two stadiums, the Jaber Al-Ahmad International Stadium and Al Kuwait Sports Club Stadium. However, Kuwait was eliminated from the group stage after losing to Saudi Arabia and Oman and drawing with the United Arab Emirates.

Media coverage
All Kuwait matches are broadcast with full commentary on Kuwait TV Sport. These matches are live and exclusive. beIN Sports broadcast Kuwait matches live and exclusive. So broadcast exclusively on 3 different channels, which is not exclusive. Dubai Sports broadcast Kuwait matches only in special events like the Gulf Cup, Asian Cup and others.

Kit
Kuwaits traditional colors are blue and white: The blue kits are their home ones and the whites for matches away. The blue sea and sky are important in Kuwait because it shows the connection of the people to pearl hunting as well as the spaciousness of the universe. Kuwait's official kit provider is currently the sports company Errea and will be Adidas from 2023 onwards. Kuwait wore the blue shirts in the 1980 AFC Asian Cup and the 1982 FIFA World Cup.

Rivalries

 * Kuwait vs. Iraq
 * 🇮🇶 Iraq national football team

Iraq's rivalry with Kuwait was once considered as the Arab world's greatest football rivalry of all-time. The rivalry began in the mid 1970s and it was the decade from 1976 until 1986 that saw the golden age of football for arguably the finest teams the region has produced. Both nations imposed their complete domination on the Gulf region, and from the Gulf Cup's inception in 1970 until 1990, the tournament was won by only two teams; Kuwait seven times (1970, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1982, 1986, 1990), and despite Iraq's absence in the first three editions and withdrawal in two others, Iraq won it three times (1979, 1984, 1988).

Iraq and Kuwait took their increasingly bitter rivalry to a new level. On 11 June 1976, the two met in the semi-final of the Asian Cup in Tehran; Kuwait took the lead twice, Iraq came roaring back twice, And then, in the 10th minute of extra time, Kamel scored the winner for Kuwait. In 1979, the year Iraq clinched their first Gulf Cup and won over Kuwait 3–1, the two met in a qualifier for the Moscow 1980 Olympic Games, both managed to qualify for the Olympic Games, and both made it to the quarter-finals in Moscow. Iraq also qualified for the 1984 Games in Los Angeles and 1988 Games in Seoul. The 1982 Asian Games was won as well. Kuwait won the 1980 AFC Asian Cup, which they hosted. The nations also left their mark on the world stage. Kuwait qualified for the 1982 World Cup finals in Spain. Iraq matched that in Mexico 1986.

As Iraq and Kuwait traded Gulf titles in 1988 and 1990, few could have imagined that their rivalry on the football field would be replaced by an altogether more catastrophic one on the battlefield. Because of the Gulf War, football would never be the same again. Iraq and Kuwait were in complete avoidance and never met for more than a decade. Kuwait's Blues had a relative recovery of sorts, winning the Gulf Cup in 1996 and 1998, before securing their record 10th title in 2010. Iraqi football, because of Uday Hussein's reign as head of the football association, would take far longer to recover. When it did, it was in glorious fashion, the Lions of Mesopotamia winning the 2007 Asian Cup.

 * Kuwait vs. Saudi Arabia
 * Saudi Arabia national football team

The football rivalry between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia is one of the most storied in the Gulf region, steeped in decades of competition and regional pride. This fierce rivalry often comes to the fore in the Gulf Cup and other regional tournaments, drawing significant attention from fans and media alike. Kuwait's early dominance in the 1970s and 1980s was marked by a string of successes, including winning the AFC Asian Cup in 1980 and becoming the first Arab nation to qualify for the FIFA World Cup in 1982. Key players from this golden era, such as Jassem Yaqoub, Faisal Al-Dakhil, and Saad Al-Houti, were instrumental in Kuwait's regional and continental triumphs.

Saudi Arabia's rise to prominence began in the late 1980s and peaked in the 1990s, highlighted by their consecutive World Cup qualifications starting in 1994 and their three AFC Asian Cup victories in 1984, 1988, and 1996. Legendary players like Majed Abdullah, who is often regarded as one of the greatest Asian footballers of all time, and Sami Al-Jaber, a prolific striker with four World Cup appearances, played crucial roles in Saudi Arabia's footballing achievements.

Notable matches in this rivalry include the 1980 Gulf Cup final, where Kuwait defeated Saudi Arabia 3-1, showcasing their dominance at the time. Another significant encounter was the 1998 Gulf Cup, where Saudi Arabia emerged victorious, asserting their growing influence in regional football. The 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifiers also featured a dramatic showdown between the two teams, with Saudi Arabia securing a crucial 1-0 victory, thanks to a goal by Nawaf Al-Temyat, which helped them qualify for the World Cup.

The rivalry extends beyond these major tournaments to regular clashes in the AFC Asian Cup and World Cup qualifiers, where both teams consistently vie for supremacy. Each match is more than just a game; it is a battle for national pride and regional dominance, making Kuwait vs. Saudi Arabia football rivalry is one of the most captivating and enduring in the Gulf region.

Results and fixtures
The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

Coaching history

 * 🇪🇬 Ali Othman and Majid Mohammed (1955)
 * 🇪🇬 Ahmed Abu Taha (1957)
 * 🇦🇹🇵🇱 Edmund Majowski (1957–1958)
 * Ljubiša Broćić (1962, 1971–1973, 1973–1975)
 * Saleh El Wahsh (1964)
 * 🇭🇺 Gyula Grosics (1966)
 * Dimitri Tadić (1966–1969)
 * Taha El-Doukhi (1970)
 * Hassan Nassir (1973)
 * 🇧🇷 Mário Zagallo (1976–1978)
 * Saleh Zakaria (1978, 1986, 2006–2007)
 * 🇧🇷 Carlos Alberto Parreira (1978–1982)
 * 🇧🇷 Antônio Lopes (1983–1985)
 * 🏴 Malcolm Allison (1985–1986)
 * 🇭🇺 György Mezey (1986–1987)
 * 🇧🇷 Antônio Vieira (1987–1988)
 * 🏴 George Armstrong (1988)
 * 🇧🇷 Otacílio Gonçalves (1989–1990)
 * 🇧🇷 Luiz Felipe Scolari (1990)
 * Mohammed Karam (1990)
 * 🇧🇷 Valmir Louruz (1990–1992)
 * 🇧🇷 Paulo Campos (1992–1993)
 * 🇧🇷 Gildo Rodrigues (1993)
 * Jawad Maqseed (1993)
 * 🇺🇦 Valeriy Lobanovskyi (1993–1996)
 * 🇨🇿 Milan Máčala (1996–1999)
 * 🇨🇿 Dušan Uhrin (1999–2001)
 * 🇩🇪 Berti Vogts (2001–2002)
 * Radojko Avramović (2002)
 * 🇧🇷 Paulo César Carpegiani (2003–2004)
 * Mohammed Ebrahim Hajeyah (2004, 2005, 2008–2009)
 * Slobodan Pavković (2005)
 * 🇷🇴 Mihai Stoichiță (2005–2006)
 * Rodion Gačanin (2007–2008)
 * 🇷🇸 Goran Tufegdžić (2009–2013)
 * 🇧🇷 Jorvan Vieira (2013–2014)
 * 🇹🇳 Nabil Maâloul (2014–2015)
 * 🇷🇸 Boris Bunjak (2017)
 * 🇷🇸 Radojko Avramović (2018)
 * Romeo Jozak (2018–2019)
 * Thamer Enad (2019–2020, 2021)
 * 🇪🇸 Andres Carrasco (2020–2021)
 * 🇨🇿 Vítězslav Lavička (2022)
 * Rui Bento (2022–2024)
 * 🇦🇷 Juan Antonio Pizzi (2024–)

Current squad
The following players were called up for the 2026 FIFA World Cup qualification matches against India and Afghanistan on 6 and 11 June 2024.

Caps and goals as of 11 June 2024, after the game against 🇦🇫 afghanistan.

Recent call-ups
The following players have also been called up to the Kuwait squad within the last twelve months.

PRE Preliminary squad. RET Player has retired from international football. SUS Suspended from the national team.

Previous squads

 * World Cup squads
 * 1982 FIFA World Cup squad

 * Asian Cup squads
 * 1972 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 1976 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 1980 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 1984 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 1988 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 1996 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 2000 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 2004 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 2011 AFC Asian Cup squad
 * 2015 AFC Asian Cup squad

Records

 * Players in bold are still active with Kuwait.

AFC Asian Cup

 * *Denotes draws include knockout matches decided via penalty shoot-out.
 * **Gold background colour indicates that the tournament was won. Red border colour indicates tournament was held on home soil.

Head-to-head record
The following table shows Kuwait's all-time international record, after match against 🇦🇫 afghanistan

All friendly and international matches have been approved, except for Olympic matches. A-level matches

Continental

 * AFC Asian Cup
 * Coppa Asia.svg Winners (1): 1980
 * [[File:Med 2.png]] Runners-up (1): 1976
 * [[File:Med 3.png]] Third place (1): 1984
 * Fourth place (1): 1996

Regional

 * FIFA Arab Cup
 * [[File:Med 3.png]] Third place (3): 1964, 1992, 1998
 * Fourth place (1): 1963
 * Arabian Gulf Cup
 * [[File:Med 1.png]] Winners (10): 1970, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1982, 1986, 1990, 1996, 1998, 2010
 * [[File:Med 2.png]] Runners-up (1): 1979
 * [[File:Med 3.png]] Third place (1): 2013, 2002
 * West Asian Games
 * [[File:Med 1.png]] Winners (1): 2002
 * [[File:Med 3.png]] Third place (1): 1997
 * WAFF Championship
 * [[File:Med 1.png]] Winners (1): 2010
 * Fourth place (1): 2014
 * Arab Games
 * [[File:Med 3.png]] Third place (2): 1992*, 2011
 * Fourth place (1): 1997

* The 1992 edition organised as part of the Arab Games, and also counted as Arab Cup.

Invitational

 * SAFF Championship
 * [[File:Med 2.png]] Runners-up (1): 2023
 * Focus International Cup
 * [[File:Med 1.png]] Winners (1): 2011
 * Merdeka Cup
 * [[File:Med 2.png]] Runners-up (1): 1973

title: Kuwait national football team


text:
Manual of the Planes

The Manual of the Planes (abbreviated MoP ) is a manual for the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. This text addresses the planar cosmology of the game universe.

The original book (for use with Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 1st Edition) was published in 1987 by TSR, Inc. For 2nd Edition, concern over inclusion of angels and demons led TSR to forgo the release, though they compensated years later with the Planescape campaign setting. A third edition version of the Manual of the Planes was published in 2001 by Wizards of the Coast, while a new version for 4th Edition debuted in 2008.

Advanced Dungeons & Dragons first edition
The original Manual of the Planes was written by Jeff Grubb, with a cover by Jeff Easley and interior illustrations by Stephen Fabian with Easley, and was published by TSR in 1987 as a 128-page hardcover. Easley's cover featured an illustration of a creature named in the book as an "ethereal dreadnought", although the book had no description or game statistics for the creature. This creature was later identified in 2nd edition as an astral dreadnought.

The book describes various planes of existence, and what creatures characters might encounter there, covering the astral and ethereal planes, the elemental planes, and the outer planes. The book also details how to survive in the planes, and how combat and magic differ under each plane's special conditions. The Ethereal Plane, The Inner Planes—including the Plane of Elemental Air, the Plane of Elemental Fire, the Plane of Elemental Earth, and the Plane of Elemental Water, the Para-Elemental Planes (Smoke, Magma, Ooze, and Ice), the Energy Planes (Positive Energy and Negative Energy), and the Quasi-Elemental Planes (Lightning, Radiance, Minerals, Steam, Vacuum, Ash, Dust, and Salt)—and the Astral Plane. After these planes, the Outer Planes are briefly described, including Nirvana, Arcadia, Seven Heavens, Twin Paradises, Elysium, Happy Hunting Grounds, Olympus, Gladsheim, Limbo, Pandemonium, The Abyss, Tarterus, Hades, Gehenna, The Nine Hells, Acheron, and Concordant Opposition. Manual of the Planes explains how each of the outer planes is related to each of the character alignments. For example, "The Seven Heavens" is the final resting place for characters of Lawful Good alignment.

In 1999, a paperback reprint of the first edition was released.

Dungeons & Dragons 3rd edition
The third edition Manual of the Planes was designed by Jeff Grubb, Bruce R. Cordell, and David Noonan. Cover art is by Arnie Swekel, with interior art by Matt Cavotta, Monte Moore, Wayne Reynolds, Darrell Riche, David Roach, and Arnie Swekel.

After the typical introduction found in almost all guides of D&D 3rd. Edition, Manual of the Planes presents, in its first chapter, an overview of planes in general: what they are, what their nature is, and what is their function on gameplay. Info about how to shift between planes is also available in this chapter.

The second chapter presents hints on how to design your own cosmology of planes, based on the D&D official cosmology known as "The Great Wheel". Generating a personalized cosmology involves several options—for example, consider how magic works if basic planes that feed magic (such as the Ethereal or Astral planes) are disposed of.

The next chapters in the Manual are dedicated to detail the Great Wheel and the 27 planes that constitute it, including the Inner Planes and the Outer Planes.

The book also gives game statistics for monsters of the planes, such as the ephemera of the Plane of Shadow.

Dungeons & Dragons 4th edition
This book was designed by Richard Baker (lead), John Rogers, Robert J. Schwalb, and James Wyatt. Cover art is by Howard Lyon, with interior art by Rob Alexander, Dave Allsop, Steve Belledin, Zoltan Boros & Gabor Szikszai, Chippy, Daarken, Eric Deschamps, Steve Ellis, Jason Engle, Ralph Horsley, Howard Lyon, Warren Mahy, Torstein Nordstrand, William O'Connor, Lucio Parillo, Anne Stokes, Francis Tsai, and Franz Vohwinkel. The 4th Edition Manual of the Planes reinvented the cosmology into a streamlined arrangement called the World Axis cosmology. It consists of five core types of planes:

 * 1. The Mortal World
 * 2. The Parallel Planes – two planes that are linked to the Mortal World
 * Feywild (Plane of Faerie)
 * Shadowfell (Plane of Shadow)
 * 3. Fundamental Planes – two planes that surround the Mortal World
 * The Astral Sea – the plane above; consists of Astral Dominions
 * The Elemental Chaos – the plane below; consists of Elemental Realms
 * 4. Demiplanes – unique bubbles of existence such as Sigil
 * 5. Anomalous Planes – planes of an obscure nature
 * The Far Realm – uncharted plane that exists beyond the known cosmology
 * The Plane of Dreams – composed of all the dreams that have ever been dreamt

Reception
The 3rd edition Manual of the Planes won the 2002 Ennie Award for "Best Rules Supplement".

Scott Taylor of Black Gate listed the Manual of the Planes as #4 on the list of "Top 10 'Orange Spine' AD&D Hardcovers By Jeff Easley, saying "Ethereal Dreadnaught... enough said. Well perhaps not truly 'enough', but you get the idea."

Viktor Coble listed Manual of the Planes as #7 on CBR 's 2021 "D&D: 10 Best Supplemental Handbooks" list, stating that "it expands the Dungeons and Dragons base-world, making an entire universe complete with in-game lore, methods of traversing these elements, and brand new mechanics to account for them."

Reviews

 * Casus Belli #40 (Oct 1987)

Legacy
The monster on the cover art for the original Manual of the Planes, the astral dreadnought, was the inspiration for the Cacodemon in the DOOM video game series.

title: Manual of the Planes


text:
1900 Canadian federal election

The 1900 Canadian federal election was held on November 7, 1900 to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 9th Parliament of Canada. As a result of the election, the Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier, was re-elected to a second majority government, defeating the Conservative Party and Liberal-Conservatives led by Charles Tupper.

National results

Notes:

* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.

x - indicates less than 0.005% of the popular vote.

1 Ralph Smith is reported to have run as an Independent Labour candidate in Vancouver. He was elected defeating both a Liberal and Conservative, but immediately joined the Liberal Party caucus when he took his seat in the House of Commons. Some records suggest that he ran as a Liberal in 1900. He was subsequently re-elected as a "Liberal" in 1904 and 1908, and was defeated in 1911. He is listed in these tables as having been elected as a Liberal.

2 Arthur Puttee of Winnipeg was elected as a Labour candidate in a 1900 by-election, and was re-elected as an Independent Labour MP in the subsequent 1900 election.

Results by province
Notes:

xx - indicates less than 0.05% of the popular vote.

title: 1900 Canadian federal election


text:
User:Snchduer

About me
I am currently in Singapore, where I went after finishing my studies of mathematics and computer science at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, the longest university name i know of (please, step forward if you can correct me there!). If you ever come to Erlangen in spring, you should certainly see the local beer festival, called Bergkirchweih; smaller than Oktoberfest, but cheaper and with a really nice atmosphere. If you come to Singapore, enjoy the Singaporean Food, which is unmatched in its variety!

Travels
Yes, I DO love to travel - so far, I have mostly been in European countries. List of countries visited: Non-countries I have been to:
 * Spain, Bulgaria - staid there for half a year each (Valencia and Sofia) and loved it!
 * Austria - been there frequently, though not too fond of this country myself (I am Austrian and live in Germany)
 * Portugal - only been to Lisbon, and it is a beautiful city !
 * Italy - Rome is a must-see, also been around in the North (Turin - a bit expensive but nice; Milan - must-see)
 * France - stayed in Dreux and shortly went to Paris
 * Czech Republic - Prague (not so cheap anymore and overrun, unless you know where to go) and Plzen (home of the Pilsener Urquell), go there if you have time!
 * Poland - Wroclaw (nice city) and Poznan
 * Romania - been to Bucharest (ugly city, hope they do sth about it soon), Constanta (nice seaside, not-so-nice city, cheap), Sinaia (nice winter resort, really!) and Tulcea (on the Dunava delta, very nice yet small); my hint: just bribe everybody, and you'll get around. Trains, policemen, you name it
 * Moldova - Chisinau is certainly worth a visit, a very nice city, and cheap!
 * Great Britain - in the summer it's not all that bad, but slightly expensive, and London is a must-see as well. I was also in Poole and Bournemouth, but do not expect too much of it.
 * Switzerland - been to Fribourg (beautiful small town) and Appenzell (for the cheese); expensive, but nice. People are more friendly than you would expect!
 * Netherlands - I do not go there neither for the food nor for the beer, only for AEGEE events!
 * Bosnia and Herzegovina - Been to Sarajevo and Mostar, both really worth a visit - if you are up to either a long or slightly expensive travel
 * Cyprus - very nice island, good for a holiday, especially as long as the North is not too full of tourists - there are actually empty beaches there! Though do not talk about politics too much...
 * Canada - not recommendable in winter or spring. Not much to see. Go to Europe instead.
 * Transnistria - nothing to do, nothing to see, except if you are in for a true Soviet revival experience!
 * Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus - nice place, still not too expensive, and not too many tourists.
 * Qatar - not much to see, but maybe nice to make a stop-over for a day or two
 * Dubai - I haven't been to the rest of the UAE, but Dubai is certainly worth a visit. While it is still a lot of construction going on, it is THE business capital of the Middle East, and does have some amazing buildings and corners. Also, the Islam practiced here seems to be somewhat more moderate.
 * Malaysia - Been up and down the Western shore, including Malacca (or Melaka), KL, Penang, and some others. It is definitely worth going, and quite a few things to see.
 * Thailand - Only been to the South, and it was very nice. Beautiful beaches, quite cheap in many areas. It is probably safer to not go South of Hat Yai as a foreigner, though the town itself is fairly safe.

title: User:Snchduer


text:
Ijon Tichy

Ijon Tichy (Polish pronunciation: ) is a fictional character who appears in several works of the Polish science fiction writer Stanisław Lem: initially in The Star Diaries, later in The Futurological Congress, Peace on Earth, Observation on the Spot, and Memoirs of a Space Traveller (more stories from The Star Diaries, issued in English translation as a separate volume). Tichy is also the narrator in a 1973 novel Professor A. Dońda, being the professor's sidekick.

Character
Tichy is a space explorer whose interplanetary experiences are chronicled in The Star Diaries. He also moves in scientific circles on Earth; he is invited to the Futurological Congress in Costa Rica, and his endorsement and approval are sought by a number of researchers and inventors on the edge of their field, such as doctor Diagoras, who has developed an artificial intelligence that is independent of mankind, and Decantor, who has invented an immortal soul.

Tichy himself is the narrator in all the stories in which he appears. Sometimes he is the protagonist; sometimes he merely serves to introduce some other character who has a story to tell. He is unmarried, usually well-meaning, accident-prone, and commendably honest about his failures, which include (thanks to another unfortunate experience with time) the entire Universe as we know it.

Professor Tarantoga, in his fictional preface for The Star Diaries lists Tichy's four literary predecessors: Baron Münchausen, Pavlushka Masloboinikov (one of the fictitious narrators from Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin's satirical novel The History of a Town), Lemuel Gulliver, and Maître Alcofribas Nasier (fictitious author of François Rabelais' series of satirical novels Gargantua and Pantagruel). Literary critics (real ones) offer other parallels to the character.

Stories
The Tichy stories are mostly comic or satirical, often exploring traditional science fiction themes, in a form that can be described as "science fiction tall tales". They are sometimes taken to deliberately ridiculous lengths, as in the episode of The Star Diaries where the unfortunate Tichy, caught in a time loop, is repeatedly banged on the head with a saucepan wielded by future versions of himself. In other stories Tichy meets alien civilisations whose detached perspective enables Lem to poke fun at humanity; on one of his voyages Tichy meets a priest whose colleague has been horrifically martyred by a thoroughly unselfish and well-intentioned race of aliens because he had told them that a martyr's death was one of the greatest things to which a Christian could aspire. Elsewhere Tichy meets a race of aliens (called "Indioci" in the Polish original, "Phools" in the English translation) who, desiring perfect harmony in their lives, entrust themselves to a machine, which converts them into shiny discs to be arranged in pleasant patterns across their planet.

Genealogy
A genealogical sketch of Tichy family is given in Lem's Star Diaries. Notable family members are:
 * Anonymus, the founder of the main Tichy family branch. He is surrounded by a mystery, including the origins of the surname. Some say it was Anonym's cognomen, arising from the fact he did not say a word during the trial on an accusation of eating his twin and in fact it should be "Cichy" ("quiet" in Polish) rather than Tichy, but the notary lisped...

 * Jeremiasz Tichy, grandfather of Ijon, famous for the fact that he "decided to create the General Theory of Everything, and nothing stopped him from doing this".

German TV series
On 26 March 2007, the German public television channel ZDF began broadcasting 15-minute episodes of Ijon Tichy: Raumpilot with Oliver Jahn as protagonist and Nora Tschirner as Analoge Halluzinelle. Employing CGI, the series portray Tichy travels e.g. in a "three-bedroom rocket", which strongly resembles a French press on the outside and a 1970s Berlin apartment on the inside. The TV adventures often deviate somewhat from those told in the Star Diaries, in part due to the tight 15-minute frame. The series was made available on internet in streaming video.

Asteroids 343000 Ijontichy and 343444 Halluzinelle are named in commemoration of the series.

Other
See article The Star Diaries for more.

In addition, in the 1965 Polish science fiction short Przyjaciel ["The Friend"] based on the story with the same name from the collection An Invasion from Aldebaran the narrator's name is engineer Tichy.

title: Ijon Tichy


text:
Redcap (TV series)

Redcap is a British television series produced by ABC Weekend TV and broadcast on the ITV network.

It starred John Thaw as Sergeant John Mann, a member of the Special Investigation Branch of the Royal Military Police and ran for two series and 26 episodes between 1964 and 1966. Other actors appearing in the series included Kenneth Colley, Keith Barron, Windsor Davies, David Battley, Allan Cuthbertson and Barry Letts. The series was created by Jack Bell and was written by Roger Marshall, Troy Kennedy-Martin, Jeremy Paul, Robert Holles and Richard Harris, among others.

Of the run, 23 of the 26 episodes still exist in their complete form (the missing/incomplete episodes are indicated below).

title: Redcap (TV series)


text:
Heil dir im Siegerkranz

"Heil dir im Siegerkranz" (German for "Hail to Thee in the Victor's Crown", literally: "Hail to Thee in the Victor's Wreath") was the Kaiserhymne (imperial anthem) of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 and royal anthem of Prussia from 1795 to 1918.

Before the foundation of the Empire in 1871, it had been the royal anthem of Prussia since 1795 and remained it after 1871. The melody of the hymn derived from the British anthem "God Save the King". For these reasons, the song failed to become popular within all of Germany. Not only did it fail to win the support of most German nationalists, but it also was never recognized by the southern German states, such as Bavaria or Württemberg. At the near end of World War I, the German Empire was overthrown and "Das Lied der Deutschen" was adopted as the national anthem of its successor, the Weimar Republic.

It is often called the official national anthem of the German Empire. However the German Empire never had an official anthem like the Weimar Republic or the Federal Republic of Germany (Lied der Deutschen). Together with "Die Wacht am Rhein" both songs had the status of unofficial national anthems.

Lyrics
Heinrich Harries wrote the lyrics in 1790 in honour of King Christian VII of Denmark, and the line "Heil, Kaiser, dir" originally read "Heil, Christian, dir". In 1793, Harries' text was adapted by Balthasar Gerhard Schumacher (1755–1805) for use in Prussia. Schumacher shortened Harries' text and replaced the word Christian with König (king). After the proclamation of the German Empire, the word König was replaced by Kaiser (emperor).

Kaiser Wilhelm in the lyrics originally referred to William I who reigned until 1888. His son, Frederick III, who reigned for only 99 days, was succeeded by Wilhelm II. One of the jokes at the time was that the song's title is changed to "Heil Dir im Sonderzug" ("Hail to Thee in Thy Royal Train"), owing to Wilhelm II's frequent travels. After the beginning of World War I in 1914, Hugo Kaun set the text of the anthem to new music to remove the similarity to "God Save the King".

Other hymns
"Die Wacht am Rhein" ("The Watch on the Rhine") was also a patriotic hymn so popular that it was often regarded as an unofficial national anthem.

In the Kingdom of Bavaria, the official hymn was "" ("Heil unserm König, Heil!"), also sung to the melody of "God Save the King". Likewise, Liechtenstein has "Oben am jungen Rhein" (1920), sung to the same melody.

The Hawaiian anthem "Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī", composed by the Prussian Kapellmeister Henri Berger, is a variation of the melody.

title: Heil dir im Siegerkranz


text: User talk:202.156.2.194

title: User talk:202.156.2.194


text:
Icém

Icém is a municipality in the northern part of the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 8,304 (2020 est.) in an area of 362.59 km². It is part of the Microregion of São José do Rio Preto. It is also known as Princesa do Vale, or "Princess of the Valley." Icem is situated near the important urban centers of São José do Rio Preto, Olímpia, Catanduva, and Mirassol. The Marimbondo Dam, which forms a big reservoir in the Rio Grande, is situated close to Icém.

Transportation
Icém is served by two important highways, the BR-153, and SP-322. The nearest airport is 7 km away, in Fronteira, Minas Gerais.

Infrastructure
Icém possesses a good basic infrastructure, that serves 100% of the population with electricity, water treatment and sewer and garbage collection. Communication and health care infrastructure is satisfactory as well. City streets are 100% paved and Icem has a low crime rate.

The nearby valley of the Grande river is a tourist destination, because of its natural environment, waterways and leisure activities.

Among Icéms many points of interest are: Lago de Marimbondo (Marimbondo Lake), Praia Mariana (Mariana Beach), Desertinho (Little Desert), Rio Grande (Big River), the Marimbondo hydroelectric dam, Complexo da Usininha (Usininha Complex), Vila da Usininha (Usininha Village), Mata da Água Doce (Sweetwater Bush), Cânions da Usininha (Usininha Canyons), Braço do Rio Grande (Big River Delta) and Córrego da Água Doce (Sweetwater Stream).

Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia Telefônica Brasileira until 1973, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012.

The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

Geography
The Rio Grande, or "Big River," flows from the Maribondo Hydroelectric Plant's reservoir. Its current is fast and strong, and one can appreciate many interesting rock formations and fine-sand beaches on along its shores. The area has a wide variety of flora and fauna, which includes otters and 170 species of native fish.

Agricultural tourism
Icém's diverse farms, which produce agricultural goods and cattle, are popular among visitors.

Events
The city of Icém is one of the region's better-known cultural centers. It offers events such as ballet, soccer and its year-end festivities. Its main event is the rodeo-- Peão de Rodeio de Icém. Icém's soccer team, is tri-champion of the Copa Minas-São Paulo.

title: Icém