text:
Combs method

The Combs method is a rule base reduction method of writing fuzzy logic rules described by William E. Combs in 1997. It is designed to prevent combinatorial explosion in fuzzy logic rules.

The Combs method takes advantage of the logical equality $$((p \land q) \Rightarrow r) \iff ((p \Rightarrow r) \lor (q \Rightarrow r))$$.

Equality proof
The simplest proof of given equality involves usage of truth tables:

Combinatorial explosion
Suppose we have a fuzzy system that considers N variables at a time, each of which can fit into at least one of S sets. The number of rules necessary to cover all the cases in a traditional fuzzy system is $$S^N$$, whereas the Combs method would need only $$S \times N$$ rules. For example, if we have five sets and five variables to consider to produce one output, covering all the cases would require 3125 rules in a traditional system, while the Combs method would require only 25 rules, taming the combinatorial explosion that occurs when more inputs or more sets are added to the system.

This article will focus on the Combs method itself. To learn more about the way rules are traditionally formed, see fuzzy logic and fuzzy associative matrix.

Example
Suppose we were designing an artificial personality system that determined how friendly the personality is supposed to be towards a person in a strategic video game. The personality would consider its own fear, trust, and love in the other person. A set of rules in the Combs system might look like this:

The table translates to:

[ IF Fear IS Unafraid THEN Friendship IS Enemies OR IF Fear IS ModerateFear THEN Friendship IS Neutral OR  IF Fear IS Afraid THEN Friendship IS GoodFriends ] OR [ IF Trust IS Distrusting THEN Friendship IS Enemies OR IF Trust IS ModerateTrust THEN Friendship IS Neutral OR  IF Trust IS Trusting THEN Friendship IS GoodFriends ] OR [ IF Love IS Unloving THEN Friendship IS Enemies OR IF Love IS ModerateLove THEN Friendship IS Neutral OR  IF Love IS Loving THEN Friendship IS GoodFriends ]

In this case, because the table follows a straightforward pattern in the output, it could be rewritten as:

Each column of the table maps to the output provided in the last row. To obtain the output of the system, we just average the outputs of each rule for that output. For example, to calculate how much the computer is Enemies with the player, we take the average of how much the computer is Unafraid, Distrusting, and Unloving of the player. When all three averages are obtained, the result can then be defuzzified by any of the traditional means.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Combs method


text:
User talk:Media~enwiki/Archive1

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area. If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. Remember Wikipedia:Neutral point of view Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun! Good luck!

Meelar (talk)

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type Media (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use Media 06:47, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC) (4 tildes).

[edit] The Barber Can you tell us where this is copied from? It's apparently copied from somewhere, and therefore that would be a copyright violation, and therefore unacceptable for posting to Wikipedia. If it's your original work, it's a movie review, and that, too, is unacceptable, as a violation of the Wikipedia Neutral point of view dictum. If you would like to write an article ABOUT the movie, verifiable neutral facts, please do so. RickK 06:17, Sep 3, 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Media~enwiki/Archive1


text:
Talk:Sociology/Cultural anthropology

Cultural anthropology and sociology
What is the difference between cultural anthropology and sociology? Neither one of our articles about the topics makes any mention of the other. I'm guessing the subtle differences between community, society, and culture are involved, which I roughly understand. I'm no expert though, so I figured I'd best ask here. • Benc • 06:47, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * The differences are mainly historical, in that they came out of two different disciplines. Their subject matter has tended more and more to overlap. Sociology began in the study of contemporary societies in the developed world. Cultural anthropology began in the study of cultures characterized at the time as "primitive". -- Jmabel 07:09, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sociology/Cultural anthropology


text:
Yagibushi

The Yagibushi (八木節) is a popular folk song and dance performed at matsuri (and occasionally Undokai sports days) in Gunma and Tochigi, Japan. It consists of dancers with broad hats called kasa going in a counter clockwise circle around a mikoshi. The dance is very energetic and ends with everyone throwing their hats in the air. The "Yagi" (八木, literally "eight trees") came from Yagi-shuku, one of the post stations on the Nikkō Reiheishi Kaidō Road, and is not to be confused with the "yagi" (山羊, goat).

History
The song was first sung by Seizaburo Maruyama, who was from the town of Asakura (currently Ashikaga, Tochigi) and known as "Seizo Asakura", and popularized by Gentaro Watanabe "Genta Horigome".

The original form of the song is said to be Shimpo Kōdaiji (新保広大寺), which originated in Niigata. It was later arranged and spread along the Nikkō Reiheishi Kaidō Road by craftmen and traveling entertainers such as Goze. Eventually one around Yagi-shuku became the most popular, where Watanabe and others developed today's form.

title: Yagibushi


text:
Akiko Nakagawa

Akiko Nakagawa (中川 亜紀子) is a Japanese voice actress who was born in Sapporo. She is married to Inuyasha music composer Kaoru Wada. She is one of the voice actresses for Miyuki Nanase in Kindaichi Case Files series.

Notable voice roles

 * Sōta Higurashi in Inuyasha
 * Anne in Little Snow Fairy Sugar
 * Moe Yanagida in Tokyo Mew Mew
 * Inori Yamabuki/Cure Pine in Fresh Pretty Cure
 * Miyuki Nanase in Kindaichi Case Files
 * Miss Goldenweek in One Piece
 * Demi in Flame of Recca
 * Kanna Togakushi in Happy Lesson
 * Sayla and Nana in Superior Defender Gundam Force
 * Massa in Gokujō!! Mecha Mote Iinchō
 * Chiaki Yabe in Futari wa Pretty Cure
 * Kayo Ando in Futari wa Pretty Cure Splash Star
 * Shiori Kubou in Maria-sama ga Miteru
 * Sivil in Macross 7
 * Susie in PaRappa the Rapper
 * Bomper in Engine Sentai Go-onger
 * Akiko Homura in Voicelugger
 * Kero Midorikawa in Mega Man NT Warrior
 * Cammy in Fortune Dogs

title: Akiko Nakagawa


text:
Sitamarhi

Sitamarhi is an Indian city in the Mithila region of Bihar. It is the district headquarters of the Sitamarhi district in Tirhut Division. The city was named in honour of the goddess Sita, who was born in Sitamarhi in Hindu mythology.

In 1875, a subdivision for Sitamarhi was created within the Muzaffarpur district. Sitamarhi was detached from Muzaffarpur and made a separate district on December 11, 1972. The district headquarters is located in Dumra, 5 km south of Sitamarhi's main temple.

Geography
Sitamarhi has an average elevation of 56 m.

Pupri, Bairgania, Sursand and Bhitthamore are all towns on the Indo-Nepal border not far from Sitamarhi.

Culture
Sitamarhi dates back to the time of the Ramayana epic, which describes it as the place where King Janaka found the goddess Sita.

A temple dedicated to Sita is located at Punaura Dham Sitamarhi. A rock-cut sanctuary from the Mauryan period is also found near Sitamarhi.

Several cultural events occur annually in Sitamarhi: Dumra hosts festivities for Rama Navami each spring; a ceremony commemorating the marriage of Ram and Sita happens every year in Janaki Sthan; and the winter festival of Sama Chakeva celebrates brother-sister relationships.

Demographics
As of the 2011 Census, Sitamarhi District has a total population of around 106,093. There are around 56,693 males and 49,400 females. 69,507 people are literate, including 39,537 males and 29,070 females. The average literacy rate is 52.04% in total, 60.64% for males, and 42.41% for females. The sex ratio is 899, and the child sex ratio is 872.

Administration
Sitamarhi is a part of the Tirhut Division. Currently, Sitamarhi consists of three sub-divisions and seventeen blocks. Its headquarters are located at Dumra, five kilometers south of Sitamarhi. The District Magistrate is the top-most official of revenue and civil administration and is assisted by ADM and other district officers.

The district has been divided into three subdivisions: Sadar, Pupri, and Belsand. Each is headed by sub-divisional officers either from the IAS (Indian Administrative Service) or BAS (Bihar Administrative Service). Sub-divisional officers are under the direct authority of the District Magistrate. Subdivisions are divided into 17 development blocks where BDOs (Block Development Officers) are charged with carrying out development and welfare projects. Sitamarhi district has 845 revenue villages. The district's judicial system is headed by the District and Sessions Judge, who is in turn assisted by other Judges and Munsiff magistrates posted at district and sub-division levels.

Pilgrimage sites

 * Sita Kund
 * Urvija Kund
 * Janaki Sthan
 * Janaki Janmsthali Mandir
 * Panaura Dham
 * Haleshwar Sthan
 * Manokamna Dham, Bariyarpur
 * Kumari Bua, Sundargama
 * Hanuman Mandir, Sundargama
 * Kali Mandir, Sundargama
 * Paakar Tree, PanthPakar
 * Gaya Babu Temple Complex, Dayanagar
 * Shiv Mandir, Dhangar
 * Baudhi Devi, Dhangar
 * Shiv Temple, Anhari

Transportation
National Highway 77 connects Sitamarhi to Mehsi, Muzaffarpur and Patna, and other roads connect the city to adjoining districts. National Highway 227 runs towards Sheohar in the west and the border town of Bhitthamore in the east. State highways link Sitamarhi to Madhubani district in the east.

Sitamarhi Junction railway station is a five-platform station on the Darbhanga–Raxaul–Narkatiaganj line, which was converted to broad gauge in February 2014. Another broad-gauge track connects Sitamarhi to Muzaffarpur. Direct train services are available from Sitamarhi Junction to cities including New Delhi, Kolkata, Varanasi, Lucknow, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kanpur, and Mumbai.

The nearest airport to Sitamarhi is the Darbhanga Airport, about 82 km away.

Sitamarhi is connected to cities in and around Bihar by state-owned transport services. Many private buses (both AC and non-AC) operate between Sitamarhi and Patna.

Notable people

 * Ramcharitra Rai Yadav, freedom fighter, veteran socialist leader, and former member of both the Bihar Legislative Assembly and the Indian Legislative Assembly
 * Ramesh Thakur, former Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations
 * Jainandan Prasad Yadav, Indian politician and former member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly
 * Thakur Jugal Kishore Sinha, former Member of Parliament, freedom fighter, and founder of the co-operative movement
 * Ram Dulari Sinha, former Union Minister, freedom fighter, and the first female governor from Bihar
 * Devesh Chandra Thakur, deputy leader of the Bihar Legislative Council
 * Prabhat Jha, politician and journalist
 * Nawal Kishore Rai, former Member of Parliament
 * Sitaram Yadav, former Member of Parliament
 * Ram Kumar Sharma, former Member of Parliament
 * Sunil Kumar Pintu, former Member of Parliament
 * Vikash Jha, journalist and author
 * Gaurav Sharma, author

title: Sitamarhi


text:
Talk:History of Nuevo León

[Untitled]
I've translated this from the Spanish. I have no particular expertise on the subject (although I'm not totally ignorant on it either), so I have no ability to evaluate the scholarship of this. In other words, I'm responsible for the accuracy (or otherwise) of my translation, but not of the information in the original Spanish-language article.

It would be nice if someone would bring over the images used with this article in the Spanish-language Wikipedia. I figure that doesn't take any translating skill, so I leave it to someone else. -- Jmabel 06:54, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)

Nuevo León Border with U.S.
While looking at a map, I was curious as to why Nuevo León has such a tiny border with the U.S. I'm not sure this is an authoritative source, but this page mentions a land trade with the state of Coahuila in 1882 to obtain the access to the U.S. border. --Boone 19:32, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)

why so tiny border
Boone, I think it goes as follows: the long arm on the state of Tamaulipas used to belong to Nuevo Leon. Benito Juarez transferred most of it to Tamaulipas in punishment after the governor of Nuevo Leon, Santiago Vidaurri, didn't support him against the invading French and Maximilian. This move effectively removed a large income from trade with the USA. Only tiny Colombia was left as border for NL. Sergio sanchez (24 Feb 2006)

 * You have to remember that Nuevo Leon dates back to long, long before the existence of the U.S. It was originally a "kingdom" of the Spanish Empire as far back as the 1580s, before any English settlements had vfgffbceven been founded in North America. Even after it became a Mexican state in 1824-1825, it did not have a border with the U.S. or Texas, because the U.S. had not yet confiscated the northern territories of Mexico (that happened in 1846-1848). The original boundaries of Tamaulipas (or Nuevo Santander, as it used to be called) included what only later became South Texas, up to the Nueces River. If you look at the map with that in mind, it makes more sense. What now looks like a "long arm" of Tamaulipas was just part of the state, flowing naturally up to what is now South Texas. --Potosino 03:00, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

Clean up translation
Thank you for the translation, but it contains many errors and is sometimes difficult for an Enlgish reader to understand. It is very Spanish-coloured. Would someone (preferably a native speaker of English and with knowledge of Spanish) clean up the translation? This article is not in line with the quality standards of most other Wikipedia articles. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 20.133.40.85 (talk) 08:48, 2 October 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on History of Nuevo León. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120309230254/http://www.newmexicohistory.org/filedetails_docs.php?fileID=463 to http://www.newmexicohistory.org/filedetails_docs.php?fileID=463

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:48, 4 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of Nuevo León


text:
AEA June Bug

The June Bug was an American "pioneer era" biplane built by the Aerial Experiment Association (A.E.A) in 1908 and flown by Glenn Hammond Curtiss. The aircraft was the first American airplane to fly at least 1km in front of a crowd.

Design and development
A Scientific American competition in 1907 offered a solid silver sculpted trophy, and $25,000 in cash, to be awarded to whoever made the first public flight of over 1 kilometer (3,280 ft) in an American aircraft. In 1907, Glenn Curtiss and the Aerial Experiment Association began building the June Bug with hopes of winning the Scientific American Cup.

The June Bug, also referred to as Aerodrome #3 (the third powered airplane built by the A.E.A), included the previously used aileron steering system, but a shoulder yoke made it possible for the pilot to steer by leaning from side to side. The aircraft featured a canard, horizontal surfaces, and a rear rudder. The original varnish sealing the wing fabric cracked in the heat, so a mixture of turpentine, paraffin, and gasoline was used on the aircraft instead. The June Bug had yellow wings due to the yellow ochre added to the wing mixture in order to make the aircraft show up better in the orthochromic-form monochrome photographs of the time.

The aircraft was named by Alexander Graham Bell after the common Phyllophaga, a beetle known colloquially in North America as the "June bug". This was because June bugs were observed to fly similarly to aircraft: they have large stiff outer wings for gliding, and more delicate smaller propeller-like wings that do the actual propulsion.

The June Bug was tested by G.H. Curtiss in Hammondsport, New York, at Stony Brook Farm, on June 21, 1908. Three of the four test flights were successful, with distances of 456 ft, 417 ft, and 1266 ft, at an average speed of 34.5 mph. On June 25, performances of 2175 ft and 3420 ft were considered encouraging, and the A.E.A. contacted the Aero Club of America to sign up for the Scientific American Cup.

Cup attempt
The Aero Club contacted the Wright brothers, offering them the chance to make an attempt first. Orville wrote to decline the opportunity on June 30, as the Wrights were busy completing their deal with the United States government. Orville's message was received by July 1, and G.H. Curtiss took to the air as requested on July 4 (Independence Day).

The flight was made a public event, and spectators were allowed to watch. The event was overseen by a delegation of 22 members of the Aero Club, headed by Alan R. Hawley. The Kalem Company's film crew covered the event, making the June Bug the first airplane in the United States to perform in a movie. The nearby Pleasant Valley Wine Company opened its doors and offered free samples to the spectators at the event. Charles M. Manly, who had unsuccessfully tested the Langley Aerodrome in 1903, measured out the 1 km and 20 ft distance with volunteer help. The June Bug took one false start, going 40 ft high, but not far enough. On the second try, the airplane successfully flew 5,085 ft (1550 m) in 1 minute 42 seconds, winning the trophy and a US$25,000 cash prize.

Amidst the publicity following the flight, the Wrights sent a warning to Curtiss that they had not given permission for the use of "their" aircraft control system to be used "for exhibitions or in a commercial way". In fact, none of the A.E.A.'s aircraft used a wing-warping system like the Wrights' for control, relying instead on triangular ailerons designed by Alexander Graham Bell, which he successfully patented in December 1911. However, in 1913 a court ruled that this technique was an infringement of the Wright's 1906 patent.

Three years previous to the June Bug's flight, the Wrights had made flights of up to 24 miles (38 km) without official witnesses. However, the Wrights would have been required to install wheels and dispense with a catapult launch to compete for the 1908 prize.

Later use
From October to November, the June Bug was modified by adding floats to it in an attempt to create a seaplane. Renamed Loon, attempts to fly it began on Keuka Lake on November 28. Although the aircraft could achieve speeds of up to 29 mph on the water, it could not take off, and on January 2, 1909, one of the floats filled with water, causing the Loon to sink. It was recovered, but rotted in a nearby boathouse.

A replica of the June Bug was built and flown in 1976 by Mercury Aircraft of Hammondsport.

title: AEA June Bug


text:
Talk:Salt-N-Pepa

Green
DJ Pamela Green was once the mixer for the hip-hop sensation Salt-n-Pepa. The duo's manager, Hurby 'LuvBug' Azor hired the young teen in mid-1986. From there, Green was featured on Salt-n-Pepa's first LP, Hot, Cool, & Vicious which the DJ was known specifically for the beat on the hit single, Push It. In 1988, the duo jettisoned Green and hired DJ Spinderella. Seeing as Azor mistreated Salt-n-Pepa and took all their royalties by copyrighting their names and songs in his name, Green let herself be known as 'The Original', stating all her mixing skills and name was totally up to her..

This article on a DJ is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DJ_Pamela_Green"

"Dropping aznor"?
what does dropping aznor mean? Salt N Pepa dropped producer HURBY LUV BUG AZOR alreadey after their second album. wathiik

They didn't totally drop him after the second album, they couldn't. they still had a contract. Azor just agreed to let them work with other producers to finish their album because he was working with other acts producing them. Check out Blacks' Magic album; Azor does production on that as well, just not the whole album. Hence, he let them work with other producers to finish it. By the way, he also produces on their next album Very Necessary, again not the whole album. The fifth and final album Brand New is the only album in which Azor does no production. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.170.58.42 (talk) 10:21, 8 March 2018 (UTC)

Wikify
Add a discography heading with songs and the dates and the position they reached in the chart and also I believe they brought out a song called Lets Talk About AIDs.

Yes that's true they did but that was only for a campaign ad. I think if you look REAL HARD on the net, you can download it somewhere.

I've Never Heard of DJ Pamela Green
There have been 2 members of Salt 'N Pepa that both went by the same name of "Spinderella".

The orignal Spinderella was forced out of the group after the first album (Hot, Cool & Vicious) was recorded. She appears on the album cover & even gives her real name "Latoya Hanson" in an interview contained within the liner notes. She went on to become known as Da Original.

The group retained the rights to the name Spinderella & Latoya was replaced by Dee Dee Roper who became the new Spinderella.

-The first Spinderella, Latoya Green, was not in the group for long. She did some DJ'ing on the first album as it was being recorded but upon the release of the album, she and Salt could not longer get along. Hanson did get along with Pepa, however. Hurby Azor, the producer/manager, was Salt's boyfriend, but he wasn't faithful. He was also seeing Hanson on the side. Hanson became disinterested in the group due to the constant arguments between her and Salt. Hanson was gone before the first album was even released. In fact, she tried to stop the DJ'ing she did on the album from being used and released but she lost. Since artwork had been done and credits and linear notes already taken care of, she appears on the cover. But she had long been gone and replaced by Dee Dee Roper. At the time, Azor owned the rights to the names Salt, Pepa, and Spinderella. So Azor hired Roper as Spinderella and Hanson was gone even before the album was released. This is why Hanson doesn't appear in any videos as part of Salt-N-Pepa and Roper does; even appearing in "Push It" from the first album, as well as everything after. Hanson's stint in the group wasn't long. Roper is known as Spinderella, and integral part of Salt-N-Pepa. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.170.58.42 (talk) 10:44, 8 March 2018 (UTC)

Legend
They make super funky tunes like and people think they're too cool for it just cos they prefer rappers like Tupac, and 50 Cent. Well *** that type of peeps --Big-piggy 17:09, 13 January 2007 (UTC)SPOOKY CALIBER

Band name?
Their albums seem to have the group's name written with apostrophes (sometimes 'n, sometimes 'n'), but not dashes. I'm curious why the dashes have adopted for the article. TheHYPO (talk) 17:37, 22 May 2008 (UTC)

Agreed on the band name, should be listed as Salt 'N Pepa, as that is the spelling used on most of their albums. How to rename article? --SteffenPoulsen 12:43, 26 July 2008 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by SteffenPoulsen (talk • contribs)
 * A quick look at the album art on Amazon shows -N-, -n-, 'n, 'N'. The hyphenated version (and I think they are hyphens, not dashes) seems most prevalent. -Rrius (talk) 00:38, 20 September 2009 (UTC)
 * The article name is Salt-n-Pepa, but the article lead capitalises the "n". AllMusic seems to settle on Salt-N-Pepa as well. Is there any objection if a change the name of the article to reflect that? BlackCab  ( TALK ) 07:04, 28 August 2014 (UTC)

Sales figures
The article contains various sales figures and gold disc mentions but fails to provide a single reference for any of it. I suspect it may be more fancruft rather than fact, but either way needs citing or removing.

Derek R Bullamore (talk) 11:45, 20 July 2010 (UTC)

Very Necessary: "The album is the best selling album by a female rap act"
The Score by the Fugees and The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill have sold more, although it could be argued that the first is not exclusively female and the second is not exclusively rap. See Erik Ross, 50 Best Selling Rap Albums of All Time," Complex, 18 May 2013. 109.144.208.110 (talk) 09:44, 24 January 2015 (UTC)

That seems accurate. The Fugees had two male members and just one female member so not exactly a female group even if the female was the lead vocal, and Hill's solo album was not all rap. Then there's TLC with the CrazySexyCool album, but that had very large parts of singing in it with T-Boz and Chilli, so seems Very Necessary is actually the top selling female rap album. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.170.58.42 (talk) 13:16, 26 February 2018 (UTC)

Merge Latoya Hanson here
Latoya Hanson doesn't meet WP:MUSICBIO or WP:GNG independently, but would make valid merge / redirect. Boleyn (talk) 13:58, 27 December 2014 (UTC)

I disagree. She is independently notable. She appears in a number of sources. CrazyAces489 (talk) 06:05, 29 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Still struggling with GNG after all this time. Trivial mentions in sources are not what GNG require. All the mentions are in the context of being spinderella briefly, so merge makes sense.-86.2.216.5 (talk) 06:19, 18 March 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Salt-N-Pepa. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091123145354/http://www.goodvibrationsfestival.com.au/Sydney/Artists/SALTNPEPA to http://www.goodvibrationsfestival.com.au/Sydney/Artists/SALTNPEPA
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100526201220/http://www.southwestfour.com/artists1.aspx to http://www.southwestfour.com/artists1.aspx

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:26, 9 December 2017 (UTC)

Pictures
There are currently two pictures in this article and both show Salt and Pepa. Seems there should be a picture in the article that shows Salt, Pepa, and Spinderella. Deidre Roper as Spinderella was an integral part of the group; even producing, rapping, and DJ'ing on the group's albums. There can be a picture or pictures that contain just Salt and Pepa, but there should be a picture that contains all three as well. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.170.58.42 (talk) 13:26, 26 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Salt-N-Pepa


text:
Rica Matsumoto

Rica Matsumoto (松本 梨香) is a Japanese actress, voice actress and singer who was born in Yokohama, Japan. Her name is also sometimes romanized as Rika Matsumoto. She was one of the founders of the anison band JAM Project.

After early stage work, she began both voice acting and singing careers. Her most notable role is Satoshi (Ash Ketchum in English localizations), the original main character of the anime series Pokémon. Other notable roles include Ryo Bakura in Yu-Gi-Oh!, Midori Kodama in Azuki Chan, and Aoi Futaba in You're Under Arrest. Matsumoto also performs the songs for many of the openings for the Japanese Pokémon anime.

Matsumoto has had lead or supporting roles in dozens of series. She has also had a radio show in Japan and does some dubbing work for translations of American films and TV series into Japanese. In April 2008, she announced in she was taking time off from JAM Project to focus on her solo work.

Original video animation (OVA)

 * Moldiver (1993) - Nozomu Ozora
 * Dirty Pair Flash (1994-1996) - Kei
 * Phantom Quest Corp (1994-1995) - Ayaka Kisaragi
 * Ruin Explorers (1995-1996) - Rasha
 * Miyuki-chan in Wonderland (1995) - Sumire-chan
 * Magical Girl Pretty Sammy (1995) - Chihiro
 * Fake (1996) - Bikky
 * Shamanic Princess (1996-1998) - Japolo
 * Sol Bianca: The Legacy (1999-2000) - April

Theatrical animation

 * Metropolis (2001) (Female customer)
 * Piano no Mori (2007) (Daigaku Kanehira)
 * Roujin Z (1991) (Chie Satō)
 * Taiho Shichauzo the Movie (1999) (Aoi Futaba)
 * Hunter x Hunter (1998) (Gon Freecss)
 * Perfect Blue (1998) (Rumi)
 * Pocket Monsters films (1998-2020) (Satoshi)
 * Yu-Gi-Oh!: The Dark Side of Dimensions (Bakura) (2016)
 * DC Super Heroes vs. Eagle Talon (2017) (Wonder Woman)

Video games

 * GeGeGe no Kitarō: Gyakushū! Yōma Dai Kessen (2003) (Kitarō)
 * GeGeGe no Kitarō: Ibun Yōkai Kitan (2003) (Kitarō)
 * GeGeGe no Kitarō: Kikiippotsu! Yōkai Rettō (2003) (Kitarō)
 * Super Robot Wars Original Generations (2007, PlayStation 2) (Ricarla Borgnine)
 * Lunar 2: Eternal Blue (1994) (Nall)
 * Shinsetsu Samurai Spirits Bushido Retsuden (1997) (Rashojin Mizuki)
 * Haunted Junction (1997, PlayStation) - Asahina Mutsuki
 * Brave Fencer Musashi (1998) (Musashi)
 * Maria 2: Jutaikokuchi no Nazo (1999) (Maria Kunitoma)
 * Super Robot Wars Alpha (2000, PlayStation) (Ricarla Borgnine)
 * Kingdom Hearts II (2005) (Megara)
 * Mario Kart Arcade GP DX (2013) (Commentator)
 * Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. Maxi Boost (2015) (Shiro Kyoda)
 * Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. Maxi Boost ON (2016) (Shiro Kyoda)
 * Kingdom Hearts III (2019) (Megara)
 * Pokémon Masters EX (2022) (Satoshi)

Tokusatsu

 * Kousoku Sentai Turboranger (1989) (Bell Chime Boma (ep. 27), Amulet Boma (ep. 31))
 * The Mobile Cop Jiban (1989) (Reporter (Actor) (ep. 9), Queen Cosmo (voice) (ep. 46))
 * Chikyuu Sentai Fiveman (1990) (Arthur G6)
 * Choujin Sentai Jetman (1991) (Trash Dimension (ep. 21))
 * Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger (1992) (Dora Laygor (ep. 33))
 * Engine Sentai Go-onger (2008) (Savage Land Barbaric Machine Beast Bōseki Banki (ep. 22))
 * Unofficial Sentai Akibaranger (2012) (Masako "Miyabi" Yamada)
 * Bakuage Sentai Boonboomger (2024) (Bundorio Bunderas)

Live-action

 * Patricia Arquette
 * True Romance (Alabama Whitman)
 * Holy Matrimony (Havana)
 * Flirting with Disaster (Nancy Coplin)
 * Nightwatch (Katherine)
 * Bringing Out the Dead (Mary Burke)
 * Little Nicky (Valerie Veran)
 * Human Nature (Lila Jute)
 * Holes (Katherine "Kissin' Kate" Barlow)
 * Medium (Allison Dubois)
 * Boyhood (Olivia Evans)
 * CSI: Cyber (Avery Ryan)
 * Otherhood (Gillian Lieberman)
 * Drew Barrymore
 * Bad Girls (1997 TV Asahi edition) (Lily Laronette)
 * Ever After (Danielle De Barbarac)
 * Never Been Kissed (Josie Geller)
 * Charlie's Angels (Dylan Sanders)
 * Riding in Cars with Boys (Beverly Ann "Bev" Donofrio)
 * Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle (Dylan Sanders)
 * 50 First Dates (Lucy Whitmore)
 * Fever Pitch (Lindsey Meeks)
 * Renée Zellweger
 * A Price Above Rubies (Sonia Horowitz)
 * The Bachelor (Anne Arden)
 * Bridget Jones's Diary (Bridget Jones)
 * Chicago (Roxanne "Roxie" Hart)
 * Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason (Bridget Jones)
 * Cinderella Man (Mae Braddock)
 * Leatherheads (Lexie Littleton)
 * Bridget Jones's Baby (Bridget Jones)
 * Sandra Bullock
 * Demolition Man (1997 TV Asahi edition) (Lieutenant Lenina Huxley)
 * Speed (1998 TV Asahi edition) (Annie Porter)
 * The Net (TV Asahi edition) (Angela Bennett)
 * Miss Congeniality (2005 NTV edition) (Gracie Hart)
 * Crash (Jean Cabot)
 * Miss Congeniality 2: Armed and Fabulous (2008 NTV edition) (Gracie Hart)
 * Reese Witherspoon
 * Pleasantville (Jennifer)
 * Little Nicky (Holly)
 * Legally Blonde (Elle Woods)
 * Sweet Home Alabama (Melanie "Carmichael" Smooter Perry)
 * Legally Blonde 2: Red, White & Blonde (Elle Woods)
 * This Means War (Lauren Scott)
 * Juliette Lewis
 * Cape Fear (Danielle Bowden)
 * The Basketball Diaries (Diane Moody)
 * From Dusk till Dawn (Kate Fuller)
 * The Way of the Gun (Robin)
 * All the Right Moves (1991 NTV edition) (Lisa Lietzke (Lea Thompson))
 * Armour of God II: Operation Condor (Elsa)
 * Beverly Hills, 90210 (Kelly Taylor (Jennie Garth))
 * BH90210 (Jennie Garth/Kelly Taylor)
 * Big Eyes (Margaret Keane (Amy Adams))
 * Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey (Elizabeth (Annette Azcuy))
 * Blue Velvet (1991 TV Tokyo edition) (Sandy Williams (Laura Dern))
 * Bram Stoker's Dracula (1995 TV Asahi edition) (Mina Harker (Winona Ryder))
 * Crank (Eve Lydon (Amy Smart))
 * Crank: High Voltage (Eve Lydon (Amy Smart))
 * Dinosaurs (Charlene Sinclair)
 * A Discovery of Witches (Sarah Bishop (Alex Kingston))
 * The Father (Anne (Olivia Colman))
 * Father of the Bride (Annie Banks (Kimberly Williams-Paisley))
 * Father of the Bride Part II (Annie Banks-Mackenzie (Kimberly Williams-Paisley))
 * The Fifth Element (Leeloo Minaï Lekatariba-Laminaï-Tchaï Ekbat de Sebat (Milla Jovovich))
 * Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan (J.J. (Saffron Henderson))
 * Friends (Melissa Warburton (Winona Ryder))
 * Ghost Stories (Simon Rifkind (Alex Lawther))
 * The Gilded Age (Agnes van Rhijn (Christine Baranski))
 * He Got Game (Dakota Barns (Milla Jovovich))
 * Heartbreakers (Page Conners (Jennifer Love Hewitt))
 * The Huntsman: Winter's War (Bromwyn (Sheridan Smith))
 * Kindergarten Cop (Cindy (Alix Koromzay))
 * Kissing Jessica Stein (Helen Cooper (Heather Juergensen))
 * Little Voice (Laura Hoff / LV (Jane Horrocks))
 * The Medium (Nim (Sawanee Utoomma))
 * Peaceful (Crystal (Catherine Deneuve))
 * Romeo Must Die (Trish O'Day (Aaliyah))
 * Secret Sunshine (Lee Shin-ae (Jeon Do-yeon))
 * Stealing Beauty (Lucy Harmon (Liv Tyler))
 * Ted (Norah Jones)
 * The Terminator (2003 TV Tokyo edition) (Sarah Connor (Linda Hamilton))
 * The War (Elvadine)
 * Thunderbolt (Amy Yip) (Anita Yuen)
 * Wonka (Mrs. Scrubbit (Olivia Colman))
 * Wrong Turn (Jessie Burlingame (Eliza Dushku))
 * Zoolander (Matilda Jeffries (Christine Taylor))

Animation

 * Deep (Deep)
 * Despicable Me 4 (Valentina)
 * Jack and the Cuckoo-Clock Heart (Madeleine #1)
 * The Road to El Dorado (Chel)
 * Terra Willy (Willy)
 * Trolls World Tour (Delta Dawn)

Other songs

 * "Get a Dream" (Opening of Sunrise Eiyuutan/Sunrise Eiyuutan R)
 * "Alive A life" (Opening for Kamen Rider Ryuki, Remix tracks of Rider Chips' Song Attack Ride Vol.1)
 * "Mezase Pokémon Master" (Opening for Pokémon: Original Series Chapter 1: Sekiei Rīgu)
 * "Mezase Pokémon Master '98" (Opening for Pokémon Movie 1: Myūtsū no Gyakushū)
 * "Mezase Pokémon Master 2001" (Opening for Pokémon Movie 4: Serebii Toki wo Koeta Deai)
 * "Mezase Pokémon Master 2002" (Opening for Pokémon Movie 5: Mizu no Miyako no Mamori Gami - Latias to Latios)
 * "Oyasumi, Boku no Pikachu" (from the Mezase Pokémon Masutā album)
 * "Pokémon Master e no Michi" (from the Pokémon Rocket Gang! It's a White Tomorrow! CD drama) sung with Naoki Takao
 * "Type: Wild" (Ending for Pokémon: Original Series Chapter 1: Sekiei Rīgu & Pokémon: Original Series Chapter 2: Orenji Shotō Hen)
 * "Rival!" (Opening for Pokémon: Original Series Chapter 2: Orenji Shotō Hen & for Pokémon Movie 2: Maboroshi no Pokémon: Lugia Bakutan)
 * "Minna de Aruko!" (from the Pokémon Rapurasu ni Notte album), sung with Ikue Ōtani, Mayumi Iizuka, Satomi Koorogi, Yūji Ueda, Rikako Aikawa, Tomokazu Seki, Mika Kanai & Megumi Hayashibara
 * "Minna ga Itakara" (Insert song for Pokémon Movie 2: Maboroshi no Pokémon: Lugia Bakutan)
 * "OK!" (Opening for Pokémon: Original Series Chapter 3: Kin-Gin Hen)
 * "OK! 2000" (Opening for Pokémon Movie 3: Kesshou Tou no Teiou: Entei)
 * "Challenger!" (Opening for Pokémon: Advanced Generation)
 * "Spurt!" (Opening for Pokémon: Advanced Generation)
 * "High Touch!" (Opening for Pokémon: Diamond and Pearl, sung with Megumi Toyoguchi)
 * "High Tough! 2009" (Opening song of Gekijouban Pocket Monsters Diamond and Pearl: Arceus Chōkoku no Jikū e, and Opening for Pokémon: Diamond and Pearl, sung with Megumi Toyoguchi)
 * "Burning Soul" (Hyuga Kojiro image song for the Captain Tsubasa: Road to 2002 Song Of Kickers CD)
 * "Chiisana Dai Bouken" (Opening for Chi's Sweet Home: Chi's New Address)
 * "Best Wishes!" (Opening for Pokémon: Best Wishes!)
 * "In Your Heart" (From Ultraman Neos), sung with Project DMM
 * "Yajirushi ni Natte!" (Opening for Pokémon: Best Wishes! Season 2)
 * "Yajirushi ni Natte! 2013" (Opening for Pokémon: Best Wishes! Season 2 Episode N)
 * "V (Boruto)" (Alternate Version) (Opening for Pokémon XY, sung with Jewel (J☆Dee'Z))
 * "Getta Ban Ban" (Alternate Version) (Opening for Pokémon XY, sung with Ikue Ōtani)
 * "XY&Z (Ekkusu Wai & Zetto)" (Opening for Pokémon XY&Z)
 * "Arōra!!" (Opening for Pokémon Sun & Moon, sung with Ikue Ōtani)
 * "Mezase Pokémon Masutā 20th Anniversary" (Opening for Pokémon Sun & Moon and for Gekijō-ban Poketto Monsutā Kimi ni kimeta!)
 * "Mezase Pokémon Master 20th Anniversary Ballad ver."
 * "Oyasumi, Boku no Pikachu 2017 ver."
 * "Mezase Pokémon Master '98 (2019 Remaster)" (Opening for Myūtsū no Gyakushū EVOLUTION)
 * "Go! Now! ~Alive A life neo~" (Ending theme for Kamen Rider Zi-O Spinoff - Rider Time: Kamen Rider Ryuki)
 * "1・2・3" (Opening for Pokémon Journeys, sung with Daiki Yamashita)
 * Kotsukotsu-Pon-Pon (Ending theme for ''Boonboomger)

title: Rica Matsumoto


text:
Talk:Dirty Work (1998 film)

Lange Comedy bit
This is a funny and true bit of info. Artie Lange, co-star in dirty work, does an onstage comedy bit now where he asks the audience if anyone has seen the movie Dirty Work. Artie then walks up to the people that raised their hands and gives them 20 dollars while saying, "There's your refund!". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.81.26.49 (talk) 2004-09-30T07:01:39(UTC)
 * This is on Lange's DVD It's the Whiskey Talkin' Image Entertainment 2004 ASIN: B0006ZXTRK. During the main 47 minute comedy set at the Tempe Improv (Arizona), event occurs at 22:18. --Lexein (talk) 16:53, 20 July 2010 (UTC)

Chevy Chase talk
Chevy Chase, during an April 6, 2001 talk given at Harvard University as part of a lecture series on political humor, suggested that one possible reason for the film's box office flop was that the studio had cut several of the more outrageous gags out of the script before filming. One scene Chase specifically mentioned involved MacDonald and Lange taking revenge on a football team by leaving a plate of donuts in a conspicuous location before practice. The football team devours the pile of donuts, only to see at the bottom of the pile a Polaroid photo of MacDonald and Lange with their pants down and the donuts piled on their erect penises. (Source here, around the 1:00:00 mark) A version of the script's deleted scenes can also be found here —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.164.13.158 (talk) 2006-03-19T08:39:35 (UTC)

The Harvard IOP link has moved here. But the embed media link http://iopforum.harvard.edu:8080/ramgen/iopforumadr/2001/040601B.rm is dead. Oh internet, is there nothing you can't lose? --Lexein (talk) 23:39, 17 July 2010 (UTC)

Deletion of sections without discussion
Trivia sections should be integrated into the text as prose. I've done some of that in the past. Unfortunately, people keep adding trivia back in. Deletion of the section is not a solution. The reason the trivia is added, is people don't see the information in the article. So, to accomplish the ultimate goal of "no trivia", put in a little work and copyedit the trivia into coherent prose in the sections for production, reception, history, etc. Straightup deletion of trivia which has citations is just rampaging, and will be counted as vandalism. --Lexein 01:13, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Followup: ditto. I will revert any undiscussed, non-consensus-reached deletion. A careful reading of WP:TRIVIA indicates the desirable retention of cited material which can be incorporated into the rest of the article. WP:IDONTLIKEIT is not a reason for wholesale deletions of sections with cited content. --Lexein (talk) 04:46, 7 August 2011 (UTC)
 * And WP:ILIKEIT and WP:OWN is not a reason for wholesale reversion. However, in the interest of compromise I have incorporated the cited information in appropriate places. Nikkimaria (talk) 14:27, 7 August 2011 (UTC)
 * I Find it funny that there is, in fact, no longer a Trivia section. AndrewJacksonLullaby (talk) 02:43, 11 April 2013 (UTC)
 * In a well integrated article, trivia sections aren't needed. The facts, if supported by RS, should be incorporated into the prose. I just prefer that some effort at integration occur rather than deletion. Thx to Nikkimaria, for that. --Lexein (talk) 04:33, 11 April 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Dirty Work (1998 film). Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110930205944/http://howardstern.com/rundown.hs?j=n&d=1221710400 to http://howardstern.com/rundown.hs?j=n&d=1221710400

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 06:20, 11 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dirty Work (1998 film)


text: Category:Fannin County, Texas

title: Category:Fannin County, Texas


text:
User:PochWiki

Hi. I do software development as a trade. I'm currently learning the Python programming language and studying the GPL & open-source licenses. I'm a Wikipedia author (at least now I am) as well as a donator. This Wiki stuff is great!

title: User:PochWiki


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of songs by name (0th nomination)

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was - kept

List of songs by name
(and its various subpages). IMHO, its a rather silly conceit that these could ever be even reasonably complete, let alone exhaustive (and thus useful). At the moment, its a frankly perverse selection, comprised mainly of second and third tear heavy metal bands (very little jazz, blues, opera, comic song, vaudeville, or anything predating 1961; quite a lot of Blue Cheer and Nazareth (band)). Many (most) of the album links end up going somewhere other than intended. (I found it because I was working on The Catch, which is apparently a mid-80s Nazareth album). May find a home at MusicWiki. Oh, and the only pages that link to it are other list pages. GWO 07:05, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Seems useful to me. If it lacks genres and has misdirected links, that is only because more links need to be added and cleaned up. I myself try to add any songs that I create articles on to the list. Keep. --Slowking Man 07:30, Sep 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * I'd be interested to know what use you find in it. GWO
 * I have contributed entries and it is a useful resource for people seeking information on songs ie group, year, album for further info. Keep.Capitalistroadster 08:01, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It is exactly what it says, a list of songs. Not harmful in any way. Wyllium 10:53, 2004 Sep 30 (UTC)
 * So, you'd have no problem with List of everyone who has ever lived. And I'd suggest it is harmful -- such a necessarily arbitrary and incomplete list looks utterly amateurish.  I nominated it here because, as a long time wikipedian, I'm active embarassed by it.  If I were a new user, I'd roll my eyes and go elsewhere. -- GWO
 * How is a list of songs not encyclopedic? Should I email Gracenote and Allmusic to tell them that what they're doing is pointless and that they should just give up? Being incomplete isn't a criterium for deletion. That's what the incomplete-tags are for. Wyllium 11:25, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)
 * Show me Allmusic's "list of songs" page, and I'll email them personally to tell them they're wasting their time. Except they don't have one, do they?   They store songs collected as albums and implement a search functionality. As to gracenote... do you need to be explicitly told that Wikipedia is NOT the cddb? GWO 11:39, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * So...information is only useful if it's in database format? That's your point? A list of songs is encyclopedic and useful. Being "incomplete" is not an argument for deletion, that would mean 90% of the lists has to go, and a good portion of the rest of the articles. Wyllium 12:10, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)
 * No. Incompleteness is not an argument for deletion. The impossibility of ever making this list useful is the argument for deletion, as I initially wrote.  Perhaps you'd like to read it.  Many people have declared this already "useful", no one has yet given an example in which they used it. Wikipedia is not the cddb.  This page would be ok if the same notability criteria applied to entries as one would to encyclopedia. How is a list of songs not encyclopedic? Because encyclopedia contain articles about notable things, and indices to those articles.  That's what an encyclopedia is.  This is merely a Catalogue, and an astonishingly poor one at that.  (Look up Moondance in this "useful" list.  There's Nazareth, but no mention of Van Morrison.  Pitiful.  Embarrassing.  Amateurish.).  -- GWO 13:51, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * "Look up Moondance in this "useful" list. There's Nazareth, but no mention of Van Morrison. Pitiful. Embarrassing. Amateurish.)." And because of that the list should be deleted? If you are unhappy about Moondance by Van Morrison not being included, the simple solution is for you to add songs that you think should be included, including Moondance. Problem solved. Wikipedia is a constantly evolving encyclopedia with unpaid contributors. Of course there are always going to be articles that are unfinished and need adding to. We are not superhumans with psychic abilities. All lists are essentially catalogues, so if you are against catalogues then all the lists should be deleted and not just this one. Encyclopedias dont always contain notable things either. Encyclopedias by definition of its name is meant to cover a whole range of knowledge. Iam 00:55, Oct 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment. Is list of people by name silly too, then? --Aponar Kestrel (talk) 22:25, 2004 Sep 30 (UTC)
 * 'Answer : No, because thats a list of notable people for whom we have, or hope to eventually have, an article. I've no problem with a list that will eventually become an index to articles. This is not such a list.  GWO
 * Delete. Lists always have a problem like this, and this list is worse than most. Oy. --Improv 13:31, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete unworkable, amateurish, agree with GWO. Wolfman 15:26, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wile E. Heresiarch 16:18, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Possibly subdivide into genres, but lists like this can be useful. Darksun 17:36, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * The debate isn't over lists like this. It's about this one.  Please explain who something so inherently, intrinsically and unrepairably incomplete can be useful. GWO 18:04, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Because, someone might want to find a song who's name they can't remember, the artist of a song, or whatever. It may not provider the answer, but it might, and not being complete isn't grounds for deletion. Wikipedia itself will probably never be complete. Our knowledge of the universe will never be complete - should I go on? :P Darksun 21:04, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. The Recycling Troll 20:58, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not a useful list. If anyone is interested in a specific song, they'll just search for the title; they won't go to a "list of songs by title" and scan down until they find it.   — Gwalla | Talk 21:12, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not useful, because either it is so incomplete as to be useless, or it is so overcrowded as to be useless -- Chris 73 Talk 00:54, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not useful. -- Jmabel 03:04, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Dsmdgold 04:23, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. If this list goes than other lists should go. I have contributed to it and find it most useful. The lack of genres will eventually be answered. Iam 04:43, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete User:MartinSpamer
 * Keep. Don't kill navigational aids unless there's a better alternative. In this case, there are no other good alternatives:
 * Categories aren't an option because we don't have individual articles about every single song.
 * Having individual articles about each song is against our notability policy.
 * Juggling several hundred thousand redirects and disambig pages would be even worse.
 * Having no indexing scheme at all is simply unencyclopedic.
 * Keep the list: it's incomplete for now, and it will become huge in the future, but it's the simplest solution. • Benc • 06:54, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Really. I've many music encyclopedias.  Do you know how many have indices that cover every song they mention?  Not a single one.  GWO 09:58, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * My Guinness Book Of British Hit Singles And Albums (17th Edition) has a complete index of every song it contains. Kinitawowi 00:41, Oct 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Google is a better alternative. If you're searching for something, use a search engine. -- GWO
 * No. Search engines are by far the simplest solution. Or alt.music.lyrics.  This list currently unusably incomplete.  When (if) it expands to its lofty goals, it will merely be completely unusable.  -- GWO
 * Please don't make the mistake of comparing Wikipedia to other (lesser) encyclopedias or search engines. We're neither. Search engines may be the simplest solution for you, but as you are neither contributing to nor using the index, why do you care? Is it harming anything? I would find the Wikipedia list useful, as would others. Usefulness is subjective and is never a valid reason to delete. Also, I haven't yet seen a convincing reason as to why the list will be "completely unusable". It won't; the list is already split up into dozens of subpages. Even when fully populated, it will still be usable. • Benc • 04:53, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Lists like this are useful ways of organising information. If you think a search engine can do the job, you might consider whether that's practical when you send email by handing a floppy disk to a motorcyclist who carries it to the nearest big town for you - that's how a set of villages in India are doing email. Or if you're the school in South Africa which wanted an offline copy because internet connectsions are too expensive. We aren't producing something solely for the web. Jamesday 17:12, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Strong delete. There would be no limit to the size of this list. If you're going to have an article like this, why not have articles like List of all people in New York City by name? --Lowellian 22:04, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I see one statement against such as: "Having individual articles about each song is against our notability policy.". Of course it is. If you read the guidelines for the list you would note that links to songs are only encouraged if the article for the song exists. So why is that ever mentioned when the list rules agree with policy? You are arguing something that the list is already in line with. Iam 00:19, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Because those guidelines were written by the people who wrote the article, not by any form as sensible consensus. You can't keep an article from deletion simply by inventing some spurious policy to justify its existance and including it in the preamble. It's not a policy in any meaningful sense.  By that logic, if I were edit that "policy" to a policy requiring notability and delete the swathes of unambiguously non-notable songs (i.e. about 99.9% of the present content) GWO
 * And so what? If the guidelines are in line with policy there is no problem. You seem to be stirring up an argument for the sake of an argument. The fact that not every song has a link to an article is proof that the guidelines are in fact adhered to be people adding songs to the list. Therefore Wiki policy has been adhered to whether its consensus or not. Iam 01:26, Oct 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * About the whole issue of consensus - just because someone (eg. GWO) did not contribute to the list when it was started does not mean that the list or it's policy is wrong and should be scrapped. That analogy is the same as George W. Bush saying that because he was not part of the consensus process for the Treaty of Paris in 1783, that the treaty is wrong or should be scrapped. Iam 23:41, Oct 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Definitely keep, as long as it's limited to songs from bands, artists and/or albums that already have WP entries. Obviously not every song is getting its own article.  -Sean Curtin 01:06, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, that's a delete for the article in its present form. I've no problem with reconstituting in the form you recommend.  Where would one go to reach a consensus on a policy requiring notability?
 * Keep. Nothing stopping blues, jazz, opera fans from populating these lists. Songs by default are not to be linked unless someone is willing to write an article for them. Most songs don't deserve articles. These lists are not promoting that articles about the songs need to be written. RedWolf 07:16, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * ''"A List of songs that do not deserve encyclopedia articles" -- does that really deserve to be an encyclopedia article? -- GWO
 * No, whatever gave you the idea I would support such an article? RedWolf 19:41, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * I still strongly recommend Keep but one possible compromise is move the list to Wikipedia namespace and only have a list of notable songs in the article namespace. However, "notable" by what standards? Still a can of worms. RedWolf 19:41, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Strong delete This can never be completed. Ever. This single entry could eventually compare to a large portion of the entirety of Wiki. I suggest a "list of important songs, by name/genre". ClockworkTroll 15:49, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree. A list that functions like List of people by name.  That's a sensible list, with sensible notability requirements.  GWO
 * Strong Delete. This is an impossibly large task and too long to be of any use to anyone. Sarge Baldy 19:48, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Lists are good! jni 11:38, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Doomed to incompleteness, not useful. —tregoweth 04:14, Oct 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, and use/improve the category system instead. Human-maintained lists like these are a PITA and not worth the trouble.  ~leif ☺ HELO 07:16, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Article scope
It seems to be that many of the keeps and deletes above would be OK with a list requiring notability, like List of people by name. Can I have a quick show of hands to see who agrees/disagrees with this change of policy?

 * Aye - It seems a fair change in policy. ClockworkTroll 20:03, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Nay - ALmost everything listed there is by someone notable enough for an article, restricting it further would essentially turn it into a list of "Western Mainstream Songs by Name". Sarge Baldy 22:21, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm a huge fan of independent music, personally. I know I would have one or two songs that are not mainstream, but are still notable for their influence on others, or for their impact on the indy scene. Of course, I can only speak for myself, but its a start. ClockworkTroll 05:58, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Aye, I'll buy that. That could make this a good place to find something like List of songs with their own articles or some such. Kinitawowi 00:41, Oct 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Don't need a list when we already have Category:Songs. RedWolf 06:03, Oct 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Aye, though deciding how notable is notable enough is ultimately the perogative of the article's editors. • Benc • 04:58, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Nay - By whose measure do you define "notable"? Songs vary like people's tastes. Unlike important people in history, how do you account for an editor's taste in music? The point I'm trying to make is once the list gets pruned to "notable" a lot of people will protest if they don't see their favourite song on the list, and whose to stop people sneaking their own songs to the list anyway? A song police force? Someone who has their own view of "notable"? I see such a form of censorship as going against the spirit of Wikipedia and open to abuse. However, I don't think creating a list purley of songs with articles only is good either. Why? Beacuse it will encourage fans to start writing articles for each of their band's songs and adding it to the list, which goes aginst Wiki policy in the first place, so the problem goes back full circle. Iam 01:41, Oct 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Well the same could be said of a every article in wiki. I've no problem with people sneaking their favourite borderline cases on.  The grey area is grey, and we can be inclusive about it.  But most of the songs on this list are unambiguously non-notable.  It's the result of a data dump of albums en masse.  The number of pop albums for which every track is notable is pretty small, and I can guarantee you that none of them are by Blue Cheer.  GWO
 * "Notability" is impossible to determine on a case-by-case basis for a list of songs. list of webcomics only lists webcomics that already have WP articles; list of songs should only list songs where the artist(s) or album(s) in question already have articles, or where disambiguation for the song title might be necessary.  As an example, list of songs by name: 0 - 9 has four entries that fail to meet said criteria.  -Sean Curtin 04:47, Oct 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, "Notability" is a nebulous concept (a quick scan of VfD will tell you that), but its one we have for every other article on wikipedia. It'd be odd to make this list the exception.  GWO
 * Nay. If it's notable enough to be on a list, write an article for it and it will show up in the category system.  ~leif ☺ HELO 07:19, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * This should become, like list of albums and list of movies, a list of links to songs which already have articles. Tuf-Kat 08:34, Oct 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

Summary
From the first section: keeps and deletes in roughly equal numbers. No consensus.

From the second section : Only two supports for its present form, SargeBaldy and Iam. The remaining people suggest only notable/articled songs (in the same way the 'pedia contains only notable people) or no index at all.

I conclude, arbitrarily, that the consensus is that the inclusivity of this list is too great, and that the article should be edited to be more in line with List of people by name, list of albums and list of movies (i.e. only list songs for which an article exists or might be considered desirable). Anyone disagree that this is the consensus? --- GWO 06:23, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * It's certainly the consensus, but unfortunately that consensus brings us full circle;
 * only list songs for which an article exists or 'might be considered desirable'
 * is precisely the problem we're trying to avoid - who's to decide what might be considered desirable? Kinitawowi 08:59, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)

 * While a problem in principle, this is rarely a problem in practice. List of people by name has this criterion already, and seems to function.  No one keeps adding their family members, and there aren't endless debates as to whether Xanothopoulos, Callistus (patriarch of Constantinople) should be on the list, despite the fact he doesn't (yet) have an article.   As I seem to keep repeating, the entire wikipedia is based on notability criteria that are impossible to define (or rather every contributors distinct ideas of notability). Yet it seems to work just fine.  Let us be bold in updating pages, and if it becomes a revert fest / flame war we can always change policy back. -- GWO
 * Historical Note: Everyone has different ideas of notability. When I added the first reference to Sex Pistols to wikipedia, back in the day, Larry Sanger (no less) removed it telling me "No one cares about the Sex Pistols."  -- GWO
 * You know Larry Sanger may have had a point at the time. Not so long ago there was a discussion to remove music related articles from Wikipedia all together. If it gets down to the crunch on what is "notable" and what isn't for songs, I'd sooner delete all music articles rather than engage in endless arguments over what criteria is used for notability. You said earlier you were left out of the concensus process for the list creation (see my earlier reply), well what concensus do you have for what defines notable? Record sales? Sheet music sales? Music awards? Number of times played on radio? I haven't seen anything which talks about this in depth. Iam 23:41, Oct 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * No sooner than you "culled" the 0-9 song list than someone added a song and article by Tommy Tutone called "867-5309", whichI have never heard before. This is precisely the problem I was alluding to earlier over what is "notable" and what isn't. Iam 00:54, Oct 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Hey. I've never heard of the Behistun Inscription, or Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius or Gough Whitlam, but I'm not stupid enough to suggest that this brings their notability into question. -- GWO
 * Musical taste is a matter of opinion.. What criteria are you using to define notable for songs? Iam 23:41, Oct 12, 2004 (UTC)
 * Arbitrary ones. The same ones we're using to define notability for historical figures, aeroplane designs, computer languages, species of tree and Australian politicians. GWO
 * Songs are different though from science and history. They are an artform. It's like comparing the Mona Lisa against a Picasso. Which one is better? Depends on the person. Iam 23:30, Oct 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Which would be a really good point if anyone had suggested that the criterion should be "quality", and we were forcing ourselves to make value judgements like "is `Strange Fruit' better than `Teenage Kicks'". But no one has suggested that, because its a completely moronic idea.  GWO
 * Yet when songs are "culled" from a list, a value judgement has to be made on what constitutes "notable". Personally, if push comes to shove, I'd sooner delete the entire lists and just create ones which are based on record sales, chart positions etc. At least it can be quantified and there would be no arguments with the facts, rather than relying on a persons musical taste or lack thereof. Iam 02:03, Oct 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * You continue to miss the point. I'm not culling those lists according to taste, but according to knowledge. As to deleting the lists ... well that was how we got here, but the consensus said the lists stay, so we'll make the best of this bad job. GWO
 * Define "knowledge" in regard to songs. As I pointed out in earlier posts you haven't stated by what criteria you are judging these songs on. Iam 23:47, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Since we last debated this issue a few months ago, a number of users have added songs to the list which could be classed as non-notable. I really think that if the list is going to remain "unpoliced" in regard to the new change of policy then the list itself should be deleted. Having contributed greatly to the list in the past few months I now feel that it was a mistake to have done so. I think List of songs by name should be deleted altogether and will not oppose it being done. There are a number of other song lists too that probably need to go as well but that's not up for me to decide. They serve no useful purpose except act as vanity mirrors for one-eyed fans of bands. I really believe wikipedia should stick to being an encyclopaedia rather than a cache of self-serving lists that dont explain anything. Iam 03:51, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)


text:
Maybank

Malayan Banking Berhad (doing business as Maybank) is a Malaysian universal bank, with key operating "home markets" of Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. According to the 2020 Brand Finance report, Maybank is Malaysia's most valuable bank brand, the fourth-top brand amongst the ASEAN countries and ranked 70th among the world’s most valuable bank brands.

Background
Maybank is Malaysia's largest bank by market capitalisation and total assets and one of the largest banks in Southeast Asia, with total assets exceeding US$203 billion and a net profit of US$1.98 billion for 2019.

Maybank is also ranked 106th in The Banker's 2020 Top 1000 World Banks (as of July 2020) and 349th in the Forbes Global 2000 Leading Companies (as of May 2020).

Maybank is the largest public listed company on Bursa Malaysia, the Malaysian stock exchange, with a market capitalisation of US$23.7 billion as of 31 December 2019.

Maybank's Islamic banking arm, Maybank Islamic, is the largest Islamic bank in ASEAN and Malaysia in terms of assets, and was named 2020’s Global Islamic Bank of the Year by The Banker.

Maybank's network spans across all 10 ASEAN nations as well as key Asian countries and global financial centres, with a network of 2,600 retail banking branches worldwide and more than 43,000 employees.

History
Maybank was founded by Singaporean business tycoon Tan Sri Khoo Teck Puat (who died in 2004) and Oei Tjong Ie. The company was led by President and CEO Tan Sri Amirsham Abdul Aziz from 1994 until March 2008 after which he was appointed Minister in the Prime Minister's Department in-charge of the Economic Planning Unit, a post he held until April 2009. Tan Sri Abdul Wahid Omar was President & CEO of Maybank Group from May 2008 to June 2013. On 1 May 2022, Dato' Khairussaleh Ramli was appointed as President & CEO of Maybank Group.

Timeline

 * 1960 – Maybank is incorporated on 31 May and begins operations in Kuala Lumpur on 12 September. Malayan Finance Corporation (later Maybank Finance) is established, the first wholly bank-owned finance company. Maybank’s first overseas branch opens in Brunei on 28 November. Branches are also opened in Singapore.
 * 1962 – Listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. Hong Kong and London branches opened.
 * 1973 – Forms own investment banking arm, Aseambankers Malaysia Berhad (Asian & Euro-American Merchant Banking (Malaysia) Berhad)
 * 1977 – Mayban-Phoenix Assurance Bhd is incorporated offering underwriting general insurance risks. Mayban-Phoenix Assurance was renamed Mayban Assurance in 1986
 * 1984 – New York branch opened
 * 1990 – Set up new operations in the Federal Territory of Labuan
 * 1992 – Mayban Securities formed.
 * 1993 – Maybank Ventures begins operations in February. In September, Aseam Leasing and Credit Bhd are incorporated, offering leasing and hire purchase activities. Opens representative office in Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 * 1994 – Entered a joint-venture with PT Bank Nusa Nasional (Indonesia), bringing the Maybank name to the Indonesian market. A branch is opened in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
 * 1995 – Maybank (PNG) Ltd. opens in Port Moresby and Lae
 * 1996 – Hanoi branch and a representative office in Ho Chi Minh City are officially opened. Maybank Bankassurans launched, offering insurance products to customers at bank branches. Kwong Yik Bank sold to Rashid Hussain Berhad in December
 * 1997 – Acquired a 60% stake in PNB-Republic Bank of the Philippines and renamed it Maybank Philippines Inc
 * 2000 – First Malaysia bank to open a branch in Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. Acquired Pacific Bank and the Phileo Allied Bank Bhd, and then merged in 2001
 * 2001 – Maybank and Fortis International NV collaborate to set up Mayban Fortis Holdings Bhd in a 70:30 partnership. All Maybank’s insurance companies are grouped under Mayban Fortis Holdings Bhd
 * 2002 – Mayban Takaful Bhd commences operations, the first Takaful company owned by a conventional bank in Malaysia. First Malaysia bank to operate in Bahrain
 * 2005 – Acquired Malaysia National Insurance Bhd (MNI) and its subsidiary, Takaful Nasional Sdn Bhd (Takaful Nasional)
 * 2006 – Maybank acquired American Express' card business in Malaysia
 * 2007 – Launched Etiqa, the new brand name for Maybank’s conventional and takaful businesses under Mayban Fortis Holdings Bhd
 * 2008 – Islamic banking subsidiary, Maybank Islamic Berhad, established. Acquires stakes in An Binh Bank (Vietnam), MCB Bank Ltd of Pakistan and Bank Internasional Indonesia
 * 2009 – Renamed Aseambankers to Maybank Investment Bank. Completed a RM6 billion rights issue – the largest in Malaysian corporate history
 * 2010 – Introduced a Dividend Reinvestment Plan, the first public listed company in Malaysia to do so
 * 2011 – Acquired Kim Eng Holdings Limited, making it its subsidiary
 * 2012 - First branch in Laos opened, completing the Group’s footprint in all 10 ASEAN nations
 * 2015 - Exited Papua New Guinea with the sale of Maybank (PNG) Limited and Mayban Property (PNG) Limited to Kina Ventures Ltd.

Awards and Recognitions
Brand Finance’s Global 500 Brands: Maybank is the only Malaysian bank and one of two brands from Malaysia that qualified to be included in the prestigious Brand Finance’s Global 500 Brands list in January 2019. Maybank achieved a brand valuation of US$4.2 billion, a 32% increase from its 2018 valuation of $3.16 billion.

The Best Malaysian Organization 2018. Maybank was recognized as the 2018 ‘Best Malaysian Organisation’ by Talent Corporation Malaysia Berhad (TalentCorp) through its Life At Work Awards 2018 programme.

The Most Valuable Bank Brand in Malaysia: Maybank has been recognized as the top bank brand in Malaysia for four consecutive years, i.e., 2014–2018, based on the 2018 Brand Finance Banking 500 Brand Value Report issued by global brand valuation and strategy consulting firm, Brand Finance.

title: Maybank


text:
User:Silverback

semi-degree-ed philosopher scientist, judge my posts on the merits, not credentials

I took a test linked to on User:RyanFreisling page. Strangely, I scored 88% materialist, even though I was unable to fully agree with what they would seem to consider the quintessential materialist question, "Anything can be reduced to simple understandable components", because I think it is possible for there to be emergent properties at higher levels of complexity. I was surprised that I was so low on their idealist rating. I guess they don't consider the pursuit of truth an ideal.--Silverback 07:08, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

88%     Modernist      63%      Existentialist      63%      Romanticist      31%      Fundamentalist      31%      Cultural Creative      25%      Idealist      13%      Postmodernist      13%

conscription

[[please contact me Silverback - I really liked the way you edited the depleted uranium part about disabled veterans and angered someone who pushed Arthur Bernklau, a Korean War Vet with a bone to pick with the VA and no first hand knowledge of DU - Bernklau used Douglas Lind Rokke's mouthpiece Bob Nichols to put out grossly false article all over the net about Secretary of VA resigning due to mushrooming DU scandal in late 2004 or 2005 - that article has been reposted periodically even under some other author's name - please, contact me DUStory-owner@yahoogroups.com - thanks Roger]

title: User:Silverback


text:
Foshan

Foshan is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. The entire prefecture covers 3,848 km2 and had a population of 9,498,863 as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the western side of the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone whose built-up (or metro) area was home to 65,694,622 inhabitants as of 2020 (excluding Hong Kong not conurbated yet), making it the biggest urban area of the world.

Foshan is regarded as the home of Cantonese opera, a genre of Chinese opera; Nanquan, a martial art; and lion dancing.

Name
Fóshān is the pinyin romanization of the city's Chinese name, based on its Mandarin pronunciation. The Postal Map spelling "Fatshan" derives from the same name's local Cantonese pronunciation. Other romanizations include Fat-shan and Fat-shun. Foshan means "BuddhaMountain" and, despite the more famous present-day statue of Guanyin (or Kwanyin) on Mount Xiqiao, who isn't a Buddha, it refers to a smaller hill near the centre of town where three bronze sculptures of Buddha were discovered in AD 628. The town grew up around a monastery founded nearby that was destroyed in 1391.

Pre-20th century
Foshan remained a minor settlement on the Fen River for most of China's history. It developed around a Tang-era Buddhist monastery that was destroyed in 1391. The Foshan Ancestral Temple, a Taoist temple to the Northern God (Beidi) that was rebuilt in 1372, became the new focus of the community by the 15th century.

By the early Ming, Foshan had grown into one of the four great markets in China, primarily on the strength of its local ceramics but also on account of its metalwork. Under the Qing, its harbor on the Fen River was limited to ships of a thousand tons' burden but it remained well connected with Guangdong's other ports. By the 19th century, Foshan was considered the "Birmingham of China", with its steel industry responsible for the consumption of the majority of the province's iron production.

20th century and onwards
Foshan was connected to Guangzhou and Sanshui by rail in the early 20th century. The Ancestral Temple was converted into the Foshan Municipal Museum upon the victory of the Communists in the Chinese Civil War in 1949.

Foshan remained primarily focused on ceramic and steel production until the 1950s, when it became an urbanizing political center. On 26 June 1951, it left Nanhai County to become a separate county-level city and, in 1954, it was made the seat of the prefectural government. Its economy stagnated as a result of the Cultural Revolution—traditional ceramic ware was forbidden and its workshops were turned to producing Maoist and Revolutionary folderol — but it continued to grow, reaching 300,000 people by the 1970s, making it the province's second city after Guangzhou.

As early as 1973, however, its agriculture and consumer industries were permitted to become an export production base and a modern highway linked it to Guangzhou soon after. This permitted its party secretary Tong Mengqing and mayor Yu Fei to take full advantage when Deng Xiaoping introduced his Opening Up policies after the fall of the Gang of Four.

In 1983, Foshan was promoted to a prefecture-level city with its former core becoming the new Chancheng District but lost the southwestern half of its former territory to Jiangmen. On 8 December 2002, Shunde and Nanhai joined its urban core as a full district. Shunde has gone on to obtain an unusual autonomous status in 2009, placing its oversight in the hands of the provincial government rather than the prefectural one.

Since 2020 a Japanese-themed street in Foshan has become a hit with young people unable to travel abroad due to the coronavirus pandemic. The 100m-long road called Ichiban Street has been outfitted by a local property developer to resemble famous commercial streets in Japan, complete with a sakura tree, an icon of Japan. The “exotic” street is attracting young people from nearby cities like Guangzhou, Zhongshan and Zhuhai as the younger Chinese generation likes many things about Japanese culture and design.

Geography
Foshan lies on the Fen River in the estuaries making up the west side of the Pearl River Delta. Guangzhou lies 25 km to the northeast, Zhongshan to the southeast, Jiangmen to the south, Qingyuan to the north, and Zhaoqing to the west.

Climate
Foshan experiences a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa).

Economy
Foshan has been well known for its ceramics since the Ming dynasty, although it was forced to cease production during the Cultural Revolution.

Foshan had a ¥0.8 trillion gross domestic product in 2015, raising its per capita GDP past $10,000. Shunde District in particular has a high standard of living, with its 3,000+ electronical appliance factories responsible for more than half of the world's air conditioners and refrigerators. Foshan now has more than 30 towns specialized in particular industries, including furniture, machinery, and beverages.

The Foshan Hi-Tech Development Zone was founded in 1992. Its total planned area is 7.55 km2. The zone is very close to the national highway G325 as well as Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport. The major industries in the zone including automobile assembly, biotechnology and chemicals processing.

Administration
The prefecture-level city of Foshan administers five county-level divisions, all of which are districts. The five districts are Chancheng, Nanhai, Sanshui, Gaoming and Shunde.

These are further divided into 32 township-level divisions, including 11 subdistricts and 21 towns.

Foshan is close to Guangzhou and considers its link with Guangzhou to be very important. As such, it is part of the Pearl River Delta and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area metropolis, centered on Guangzhou.

Language
A dialect from the Samyap branch of Cantonese is used by the city natives. Besides that, Mandarin is also used, mainly in business and education, although natives do not use much of it in their daily lives.

Transportation
In 2013 to 2014, Foshan planned to improve public transportation by putting forward six measures:

FMetro
The first line of FMetro opened in 2010, and another two lines are under construction and due to be completed in 2021 and 2022.

The existing line of FMetro network:
 * Line 1 (Guangfo Line): From Xinchengdong Station to Lijiao Station
 * Line 2: From Nanzhuang Station to Guangzhou South Railway Station
 * Line 3: From Shunde Polytechnic Station to Zhen'an Station

Rail
Foshan is a main interchange for railway routes linking Guangzhou, Hong Kong and western Guangdong Province. It is connected with Hong Kong via the KCRC Guangdong Through Train service from Foshan railway station, an inter-city train service that was extended from Guangzhou to Foshan in the 1990s.

Aviation
The city is served by Foshan Shadi Airport, and later the Pearl River Delta International Airport.

Education
Like other government schools in Mainland China, Mandarin is the primary language of instruction in Foshan's government schools.

Universities

 * Foshan University
 * South China Normal University (Foshan campus)
 * Southern Medical University (Shunde campus)
 * Guangdong University of Finance & Economics (Sanshui campus)

Schools

 * Nanhai Senior High School

Sports
Foshan is one of the host cities for the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup.

The city hosted events during the 2010 Asian Games. Synchronized swimming at the Foshan Aquatics Center and boxing at the Foshan Gymnasium.

In October 2014 the city hosted The Foshan Open golf event on the European Challenge Tour.

Two professional football teams have played in Foshan. From 1989 to 1997 Foshan Fosti (now disbanded) played at the New Plaza Stadium in Chancheng (now demolished). Foshan Fosti mainly played in the second tier, but did play in the eight team top tier in 1993. In 2007, newly created Guangdong Sunray Cave played at Nanhai District Stadium (now demolished), before moving to the Century Lotus Stadium in 2008. Sunray Cave then moved to Guangzhou, although did play the final games of the 2013 China League One back at Century Lotus Stadium. They returned to Guangzhou in 2014 and then disbanded.

Destinations

 * Crowne Plaza Foshan Hotel
 * Foshan Ancestral Temple (Zumiao)
 * Nanfeng Kiln
 * Liang's Garden
 * Wong Fei-hung Memorial Hall

Sister cities

 * 🇯🇵 Itami, Hyōgo Japan
 * 🇫🇷 La Possession, Réunion, France (since 1989)
 * 🇲🇺 Port Louis, Mauritius
 * 🇺🇸 Oakland, California, United States
 * 🇺🇸 Stockton, California, United States
 * 🇨🇦 Markham, Ontario, Canada (Friendly co-operative)
 * 🇦🇺 Townsville, Queensland, Australia
 * Medway, United Kingdom
 * 🇵🇱 Starogard Gdański, Poland
 * 🇬🇩 St. George's, Grenada
 * 🇩🇪 Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany (since 2013)

Notable people

 * Wong Kei-ying (ca. 1815-1886), Hung Ga master, doctor, father of Wong Fei Hung and one of the members of the Ten Tigers of Canton.
 * Leung Jan (1826-1901), Wing Chun master, doctor and instructor of Ip Man
 * Wong Fei Hung (1847–1924), Hung Ga master and doctor, honored at a memorial hall in Chancheng.
 * Ip Man (1893–1972), Wing Chun grandmaster and instructor of Bruce Lee.
 * Pu Jun Jin (born 1984), racing driver
 * Wang Yue, (2009-2011), toddler killed in one of the most notorious examples of the bystander effect.

title: Foshan


text:
Category:Banks of Malaysia

This is a list of banks closely associated with Malaysia.

title: Category:Banks of Malaysia


text:
Bobby Rush (musician)

Bobby Rush (born Emmett Ellis Jr. in Homer, Louisiana on November 10, 1933) is an American blues musician, composer, and singer. His style incorporates elements of blues, rap, and funk, as well as a comic sense about blues tropes.

Rush has won twelve Blues Music Awards and in 2017, at the age of 83, he won his first Grammy Award for the album Porcupine Meat. He is inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame, Mississippi Musicians Hall of Fame, and Rhythm & Blues Music Hall of Fame.

Life and career
Rush is the son of Emmett and Mattie Ellis. His father was a pastor whose guitar and harmonica playing provided early musical influences. As a young child he began experimenting with music using a sugarcane syrup bucket and a broom-wire diddley bow. Around 1947, he and the family moved to Pine Bluff, Arkansas, where his father took on the pastorate of a church and was a farmer.

It was here that Rush would become friends with Elmore James, the slide player Boyd Gilmore (James's cousin), and the piano player Johnny "Big Moose" Walker; eventually forming a band to support his singing and harmonica and guitar playing. His band, Bobby Rush and the Four Jivers, consisted of Gilmore, Walker, Pinetop Perkins, and Robert Plunkett. Through Gilmore, Rush became friends with Clarksdale musician Ike Turner.

Still a teen, Rush donned a fake moustache to play in local juke joints with the band, fascinated by enthusiasm of the crowds. His family relocated to Chicago in 1953, where he became part of the local blues scene in the following decade. In Chicago, he met and befriended Little Walter and Muddy Waters who lived nearby. Little Walter got him a job at a club called Skins where they played behind a curtain for a white audience, and began working for Jimmy Reed. Through these connections he began performing on a circuit with Etta James, Howlin' Wolf, Muddy Waters, and Jimmy Reed.

In the early 1970s a song he wrote, "Chicken Heads", released by Galaxy, became his breakout record after being picked up from a small label started by the former Vee Jay Records producer Calvin Carter. It reached No. 34 the Billboard R&B chart in 1971. "Chicken Heads" would become Rush's first certified gold certified record in 1971, and would later re-enter the Billboard chart 30 years after its release as a result of being featured in the film Black Snake Moan.

Rush later recorded with a leading label for black music, Philadelphia International, releasing his first album, Rush Hour, produced by Leon Huff, with one track, "I Wanna Do the Do," reaching No. 75 on the Billboard R&B chart in 1979. Reviewing Rush Hour in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau wrote: "A lot of this is fun—I'm delighted to find Leon Huff collaborating with someone who's got funk in his soul, and heartened to hear a protest song about the problem of lost keys. But a lot of it—the witless 'Evil Is,' the characterless 'Hey, Western Union Man'—is dumber than Kenny Gamble."

His next albums to become gold certified would be Sue in 1981 and Ain't Studdin' Ya in 1991.

After Living in Chicago for 48 years, Rush moved to Jackson, Mississippi, to find the roots of his enslaved ancestors.

He recorded a series of records for the LaJam label, Malaco's Waldoxy imprint, and in 2003, his own Deep Rush label with partner Greg Preston, a former Malaco Records executive. One of the artists on the label is Crystal Springs, Mississippi native and former bandmate Dexter Allen.

He appeared in the 2003 documentary The Road to Memphis which is part of the series The Blues, produced by Martin Scorsese. As a result of the Scorsese film, Rolling Stone magazine named him "'King of the Chitlin' Circuit' because of his 50 years of relentless touring and colorful live show."

His 2004 album FolkFunk was a return to a more rootsier sound, featuring guitarist Alvin Youngblood Hart. That year he was a judge for the second annual Independent Music Awards to support independent artists' careers. He also performed at the White House along with James Brown when Bill Clinton went into office. In 2014 he again performed for Bill and Hillary Clinton for a state event in Arkansas.

In 2007, he became the first blues artist to perform in China, earning him the title “International Dean of the Blues.” He was later named Friendship Ambassador to the Great Wall of China after performing the largest concert ever held at that site. In addition, Rush has toured in most major markets around the world, including Sydney, Australia; Paris, France; Tokyo, Japan; Shanghai, China; Johannesburg, South Africa; Berlin, Germany; Rome, Italy; Barcelona, Spain; Lucerne, Switzerland; New York, New York; Chicago, Illinois; Memphis, Tennessee; Los Angeles, California; to Jackson, Mississippi.

In 2014, Rush's album Down in Louisiana, was Grammy-nominated for "Best Blues Album", and won a Blues Music Award in the 'Soul Blues Album of the Year' category, whilst Rush was also nominated in two other categories. Following 2014's Grammy nomination, Rush was nominated again for "Best Blues Album" in 2015 for Decisions, with Blinddog Smokin' and featuring Rock n' Roll Hall of Famer Dr. John.

In July 2014, Rush performed with Dan Aykroyd one of James Brown's songs on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon.

He appears in the 2015 documentary film I Am the Blues. He also appeared as himself performing "I Ain't Studdin' You" in the 2019 film Dolemite Is My Name.

Awards and recognition
Rush received recognition for his music after the release of his 22nd album, Rush, when he was awarded "Best Male Soul Blues Artist" at the Blues Music Awards. He also received "best acoustic artist" and "best acoustic album" for his album Raw.

In 2006, Rush was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame.

In 2008, Rush was honored with a marker on the Mississippi Blues Trail in Jackson, Mississippi.

In 2012, Rush was inducted into the Mississippi Musicians Hall of Fame.

In May 2015, Rush cut the ribbon for the Blues Hall of Fame, with an introduction by the Memphis Head of Tourism and aired live on local news.

In 2015, Rush won two Blues Music Awards: 'Soul Blues Male Artist' and 'B.B. King Entertainer of the Year'.

In May 2019, Rush was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Humanities by Rhodes College. As part of the graduation ceremony, the worldwide premiere of his blues rendition of "America the Beautiful" occurred. This video was recorded at Royal Studios with Eddie Cotton and Rhodes College's students from the Mike Curb for Music Institute.

In 2015, Rush was inducted into the Rhythm & Blues Music Hall of Fame.

In 2017, Rush won a Blues Music Award for Album of the Year for "Porcupine Meat" and for Historical Album of the Year for Chicken Heads: A 50-Year History of Bobby Rush. These were the eleventh and twelfth Blues Music Awards Rush has been awarded by the Blues Foundation during his career. He gained his 13th Blues Music Award in 2020, this time in the 'Soul Blues Album of the Year' category for Sitting on Top of the Blues.

Grammy Awards
In 2017, at the age of 83, Rush won his first Grammy Award in the category Best Traditional Blues Album for Porcupine Meat. In 2018, a remix of Rush's song "Funk O'De Funk" by American electronic music duo Smle was nominated for Best Remixed Recording at the 60th Grammy Awards. The rendition lost to Latroit's remix of Depeche Mode's "You Move".

 * 2001
 * Hoochie Man
 * Best Contemporary Blues Album
 * Nominated
 * 2014
 * Down In Louisiana
 * Best Blues Album
 * Nominated
 * 2015
 * Decisions
 * Best Blues Album
 * Nominated
 * 2017
 * Porcupine Meat
 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * Won
 * 2020
 * Sitting on Top of the Blues
 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * Nominated
 * 2021
 * Rawer than Raw
 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * Won
 * 2024
 * All My Love for You
 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * Won
 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * Won
 * 2024
 * All My Love for You
 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * Won
 * Won

Albums (LP)

 * 1979 Rush Hour (Philadelphia International)
 * 1981 Sue (LaJam)
 * 1983 Wearing It Out (LaJam)
 * 1984 Gotta Have Money (LaJam)
 * 1985 What's Good for the Goose Is Good for the Gander (LaJam)
 * 1988 A Man Can Give It (But He Can’t Take It) (LaJam)

Albums (CD)

 * 1983 Making a Decision (LaJam)
 * 1990 Man Can Give It but He Can't Take It (La Jam)
 * 1991 I Ain't Studdin' You (Urgent)
 * 1992 Handy Man (Urgent)
 * 1995 One Monkey Don't Stop No Show (Waldoxy)
 * 1996 Wearing It Out (La Jam)
 * 1997 It's Alright, Vol. 2
 * 1997 Lovin' a Big Fat Woman (Waldoxy)
 * 1999 Rush Hour... Plus (Philadelphia Intl)
 * 1999 The Best of Bobby Rush (La Jam)
 * 2000 Hoochie Man (Waldoxy)
 * 2003 Undercover Lover (Deep Rush)
 * 2003 Live at Ground Zero DVD + CD (Deep Rush)
 * 2004 Folkfunk (Deep Rush)
 * 2005 Night Fishin (Deep Rush)
 * 2006 Essential Recordings, Volume 1 (Deep Rush)
 * 2006 Essential Recordings, Volume 2 (Deep Rush)
 * 2007 Raw (Deep Rush)
 * 2008 Look at What You Gettin' (Deep Rush)
 * 2009 Blind Snake (Deep Rush)
 * 2011 Show You a Good Time (Deep Rush)
 * 2013 Down in Louisiana (Thirty Tigers)
 * 2014 Decisions (Silver Talon Records)
 * 2016 Porcupine Meat (Rounder Records)
 * 2019 Sitting on Top of the Blues (Deep Rush)
 * 2020 Rawer than Raw (Deep Rush)
 * 2023 All My Love for You (Deep Rush)

Singles (selected)

 * 1967 "Sock Boo Ga Loo" / "Much Too Much" (Checker)
 * 1968 "Camel Walk" / "Gotta Have Money" (ABC)
 * 1969 "Wake Up" / "The Things That I Used to Do" (Salem)
 * 1970 "Let It All Hang Out" / "Just Be Yourself/What Now" (Salem)
 * 1971 "Chicken Heads" / "Mary Jane" (Galaxy)
 * 1972 "Niki Hoeky" / "I Don’t Know'' (Jewel)
 * 1972 "Gotta Be Funky" / "Gotta Find You Girl" (On Top)
 * 1974 "Get It On with Me" / "It’s Alright" (Jewel)
 * 1974 "Get Out of Here Part 1" (Warner Bros.)
 * 1976 "I’m Still Waiting" / "She Put the Whammy on Me" (London)
 * 1979 "I Wanna Do the Do" (Philadelphia International)
 * 1979 "Let’s Do It Together" (Philadelphia International)
 * 1983 "Sue" (LaJam)
 * 1988 "A Man Can Give It (But He Can’t Take It)" (LaJam)
 * 1991 "I Ain't Studdin' You" (Urgent)
 * 1992 "I’m Gone" (Urgent)
 * 1992 "Time to Hit the Road Again" (Urgent)
 * 1992 "You, You, You (Know What to Do)" (Urgent)
 * 1995 "She's a Good 'Un (It's Alright)"
 * 1996 "Too Late, I’m Gone" (Waldoxy)
 * 1997 "Booga Bear" (Waldoxy)

title: Bobby Rush (musician)


text:
Jane Lane

Jane Lane may refer to:
 * Jane Lane, Lady Fisher (c. 1626-1689), helped Charles II of England to escape in 1651
 * Jane Lane (author) (1905-1978), British historical novelist
 * Jane Lane (Daria), fictional character on the MTV cartoon show Daria

title: Jane Lane


text:
Jūrōta Kosugi

Jūrōta Kosugi (小杉 十郎太) is a Japanese voice actor. His major roles include Arlong in One Piece, Asuma Sarutobi in Naruto, Akio Ohtori in Revolutionary Girl Utena, Isamu Kenmochi in Kindaichi Case Files, Big Zenki in Zenki, and Jotaro Kujo in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure (OVA). In video games, he provides the voice of Nobunaga Oda in the Samurai Warriors and Warriors Orochi series. He also provides the Japanese voice for Billy Blanks, David Duchovny, Tony Leung Chiu-wai and Luke Perry. He was also the first dub-over artist of Daniel Craig and Andy Lau in their early days.

title: Jūrōta Kosugi