text:
User talk:Diamonddavej

William James Sidis
Hey Dave, I'm going to make a few grammatical/organizational changes to the autism refernces in William James Sidis. The mention of autism having genetic components probably belongs in the autism article, so I'm taking out that piece. Just giving you the heads up! Tim McCormack 18:57, 2004 Oct 12 (UTC)

Thanks for that - Diamond Dave

Dwarves etc
Hi Diamonddave, I've just looked at David Icke and wanted to tell you how much I laughed at your story about the leader who had a small dwarf planted in his intestines by Mexico with the help of the UN. LOL. I also liked your observation that insane people are the ones without followers. . . SlimVirgin 04:36, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

Formal Thought Disorder
I put an NPOV tag on the page. I request you show the information. As the discussion page would show, I'm a tad not understanding of things and not particularly clear. I'm aware of this. If there is a distinct link between misdiangosed of schizophrenia (Which there is, I know a person who have been misdiagnosed and are asperger's syndrome), and it is based on formal thought disorder, by definition it belongs in the formal thought disorder page. You're clearly far better equipped to handle this than me.J. M. 07:40, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Laser Safety
Dave,

Why are you so focused on "boiling of the vitreous" as the damage mode in the eye to receive emphasis in the introductory part of the Laser Safety article? The primary damage from visible and near IR radiation is heat burn to the retina that damages or destroys retinal nerve cells, producing a blind spot. This is clearly illustrated in the the abstract of a Nd:YAG laser injury report that you recently provided a link to. Pzavon 01:38, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

 * The thermal and boiling etc. are over emphasised because I have yet improve that section by including metabolic stress effects. It may end up as a separate section. As far as I understand, intense laser light can cause non-thermal injury, in particular to cone cells (colour sensitive cells), via Phototoxicity. Intense laser light can cause cone cells to run out of oxygen, sugar, calcium or build up toxic levels of waste products (lactic acid) and die. I have university access to medical journals. I will look up Pubmed and appropriate references to make sure the info is correct. Should be done in the next 24 hours. If you know more about phototoxicity, then add the info.

 * Diamond Dave 28/06/2006 14:10 UT

 * Just read an interesting article - "Light damage to the retina occurs through three general mechanisms involving thermal, mechanical, or photochemical effects." Heating the retina by just 10 C is enough to kill photoreceptors, scary. Diamond Dave 28/06/2006 14:25 UT

 * I would expect that laser burns will ocure before loss of oxygen or those other metabolic effects you mention if the laser is powerful enough to be called intense. Metabolic effects will be an issue only if the beam power is low enough NOT to cause a burn.  Therefore the burn is the primary effect to be concerned with.

 * With regard to medical literature, make sure you are looking at reports of true studies (of which there are many), not accounts of clinical observations where there may be more speculation and less solid support for suggested causes. Pzavon 00:30, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

 * It is correct that powerful lasers damage the retina via heating. However, heating does not seem to explain the damage caused by laser pointers. Calculations indicate that the heating of the retina should be insufficient to cause damage. Other, non-thermal mechanisms seem to be responsible, they appear to operate only if a person stares at a laser pointer beam for several seconds or more. One mechanism proposed is oxidative stress. The basic safety calculations that rely only on estimating the thermal effects on the retina, cannot properly asses risk given that there are children and even adults foolish enough to stare at a 1 to 5 mW laser. That is why the UK bans limits to <1mW, but its not enforced.

 * Yes, I am aware of controlled studies that involve shining laser light onto the retinas of people about to have an eye removed. I will read those studies and update accordingly. Also there is the issue of more powerful green lasers coming on the market, exploiting legal loop-holes. I recently bought a Class IIIb 70mW 532 nm laser...thus my sudden interest in laser safety. Thanks for your help in improving my contribution. Diamond Dave 29/06/2006 13:10 UT

 * My point with regard to proposed non-thermal injury mechanisms is that they are NOT connected to "powerful" lasers, as those are the ones that clearly cause thermal injuries. It is with exposure to the light from less powerful lasers that these mechanisms have been proposed.  Pzavon 01:40, 30 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, I agree. I didn’t realise that you thought I was disagreeing with you, thus my delay in understanding your point. High power lasers cause immediate damage by thermal and perhaps also (of the laser is powerful enough) explosive effects too, whereas lower power lasers cause photochemical effect in isolation, a form of damage that takes several second to occur. That is what I wrote in the article, that’s the important thing. Perhaps it should be made more clear. Diamond Dave 30/06/2006 20:00 UT

Azeztulite
Hi. I've just categorized your article on Azeztulite. Someone has proposed to merge that article into Quartz which makes some sense but I suppose it could also live on its own. In particular it would help if you created an article on "fake minerals" and even a category if there are enough articles to warrant that. I was a bit confused by the concept since it suggests that Azeztulite is not a mineral. As I understand it, it is a mineral (since it's just quartz), albeit not a miraculous one. Cheers. Pascal.Tesson 05:52, 16 September 2006 (UTC)

License tagging for Image:Hydrothermal Breccia.jpg
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Alexithymia page
Hi Dave. I think you used to be on the Alexithymia chatsite, I was sorry to see you go, as you have some great ideas on the subject!! I just wanted to let you know there is a bit of activity on the Wikipedia Alexithymia entry, and thought you might like to have a look, seeings you have been a main contributer. Its mostly me writing, but it felt like there was a debate coming on.

Yes, I visited the chatsite. Thanks for the info, I just visited the Wikipedia Alexithymia entry and I'm 75% happy with it. I know Prof. Fitzgerald personally, from speaking with him and reading his papers, he believes that Alexithymia and Asperger's generally (85%) describe the same group of people who were described twice by different schools of thought. Just like two blind people who visit the zoo, who touch an elephant, one says its like a tree and the other says its like a brush! They are both right. That has been lost from the article. --Diamonddavej 02:10, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

silence at Talk:Radiation hormesis
I posted a reply to you at Talk:Radiation hormesis, in a day or two, I will take your continued silence there as tacit consent to all but point 4. Pdbailey 15:22, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

2008 Market Rasen earthquake
Hi Diamonddave, I want to compliment you on your excellent expansion of 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake; the technical background you added is great.

As to your query on the talk page regarding the BGS official name, I am not sure of the answer. I thought the most likely official name would be 2008 Market Rasen earthquake, which is why I created 2008 Market Rasen earthquake on Feb 27th, although it was later merged into 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake.

If the official name is 2008 Market Rasen earthquake afterall, then I suppose the content of 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake can be merged into 2008 Market Rasen earthquake which still exists as a redirect. - Neparis (talk) 00:54, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

Your edits to Radiation hormesis
In a controversial article like Radiation hormesis the citations are very important: thanks for the huge effort you're putting in to sort them out. --Old Moonraker (talk) 11:57, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

Thanks. My interest in radiation hormesis was reignited by the study of Thompson et al. (2008), they found that low level radon exposure appears to decrease lung cancer risk by 60%. The publication of their report was delayed by several years because they could not get their data to fit the Linear no-threshold model. --Diamonddavej (talk) 12:14, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

Your like Famous
Were you on TV on some Irish documentry?

I saw a video on Youtube with some Irish guy with aspergers who was interested in minerals and formed a group for people with Aspergers.

lol —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.10.196.210 (talk) 12:58, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes, that's me. --Diamonddavej (talk) 00:28, 11 August 2008 (UTC)

What's the URL? Sioraf (talk) 14:36, 29 March 2009 (UTC)

Khalidi
Hi Diamonddavej -- you'll see I removed some of your comments on the talk page per WP:BLP. No offense intended, but the problem was mainly your statement that the advisory panel was "handpicked" by the PLO, something I didn't see in the New York Times article. The surrounding comments were at least clear that they were speculation, but even that is, in my experience, strongly discouraged. Maybe you're familiar with the policy, but otherwise check it out, as it's considered extremely important on articles like this, including on the talk pages. These articles are interesting though, and certainly anything more that you find ought to be discussed. Regards, Mackan79 (talk)

 * No offense taken, I get too absorbed in details occasionally and this can lead me to speculate far too much without realising it. --Diamonddavej (talk) 00:33, 1 November 2008 (UTC)

Complements on the image you added
Great work on the image you added to the 2008 Irish pork and beef crisis page. Very informative and well done. Jeff Carr (talk) 02:15, 10 December 2008 (UTC)

sorry re: radiation hormesis
I am sorry that I accused you of removing the POV tag from that article, I should have checked the logs more clearly. Cheers, PDBailey (talk) 13:54, 15 December 2008 (UTC)

Mohammed Asha
Hi, please take a look at WP:MOSBIO, the standard in Wikipedia is not to use titles like doctor or professor (or indeed His Excellency, Her Majesty etc etc) when writing about someone, instead we just use the surname when referring to the subject of the article. David Underdown (talk) 16:27, 16 December 2008 (UTC)

Gaza strip edit
Hello, I have commented on your recent edit on White phosphorus (weapon). If you don't object, I will revert it in a few days, please see my motivation on the |talk page. Best regards, Pietrow (talk) 09:40, 5 January 2009 (UTC)

Robin
Hi Dave Many thanks for the image of the robin which I've included in the collage video to illustrate my choral piece "The Frostbound Wood" The Frostbound Wood I hope you like it Kind regards David Dwsolo (talk) 16:46, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

Autism and anorexia
I moved the section lower in the article as, at a glance, it is not well-established enough for inclusion in the lede. Also, the condition is spelled Asperger syndrome, not "Aspergers Syndrome". Whatever404 (talk) 11:15, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

 * I added more references to the section, you will read that Autism and anorexia its not based on one study. Also, autism may not be a comorbidity of anorexia, its the other way around. It seems that autism could be the cognitive phenotype underlying many cases of anorexia nervosa. I should have stared off by creating the section lower down and waited to if it deserved inclusion in the lead, I did things backwards. --Diamonddavej (talk) 17:01, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

Hi, thanks for your correspondence. Yes I have indeed done quite a lot of editing and pruning of the anorexia article. Whether it reduces the quality of the article I seriously doubt it. The article a while back was an absolute shambles. If you look back over the history of the article I think people have basically just added bits and pieces over the months, most of it was just anecdotal hearsay and superfluous..and it was certainly not suitable for a medical article.. This is supposed to be an encyclopedia article and I think now it looks a lot tighter and more accurate..Best Wishes...StevieNic (talk) 18:25, 27 November 2009 (UTC)

 * I have looked at previous versions of the AN article, and it did become very messy after I added my section on autism and anorexia, I was not aware of how messy it got. But that said, I think you went too far in your edits and some important material was removed, especially the relationship to autism section, which is the basis of the Maudsley approach to treating AN - the only treatment that has substantial and long lasting benefits. --Diamonddavej (talk) 18:50, 27 November 2009 (UTC)

 * I have again checked some of the cited sources and other medical articles and yes you are correct, there does seem to be evidence to support Family based treatment so it does deserve a mention within a medical background. However, we must pay attention to 'undue weight' and maintaining a NPOV within WP guidelines.StevieNic (talk) 20:07, 27 November 2009 (UTC)

Multiple sclerosis
I have reverted your addition of refences to the article and I want to comment why: Secondary references are preferred to primary ones in wikipedia, and additionally quantity of references does not make quality. The medscape article is the closest thing we have to a secondary source up to the moment, reviewing and commenting with a neutral point of view Zamboni's findings, therefore there is no point in also adding the primary sources. Bests.--Garrondo (talk) 16:16, 10 February 2010 (UTC)

Roy Spencer
Hi Diamonddavej,

Discussing what should go in Spencer's bio here Talk:Roy_Spencer_(scientist).You may or may not be interested.--IanOfNorwich (talk) 09:15, 5 September 2011 (UTC)

Nomination of Azeztulite for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Azeztulite is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

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Edits to radiation hormesis page
Hi Diamonddavej,

Following your edits, I've made some comments on the radiation hormesis talk page. I hope we can discuss the appropriate content for this quotation there. Best regards, ConradMayhew (talk) 08:14, 6 December 2011 (UTC)

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A kitten for you!
Hello, I have Asperger's too!

RexRowan (talk) 10:49, 17 July 2012 (UTC)

2013 Russian meteor event requested move
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Thank you. μηδείς (talk) 18:43, 3 March 2013 (UTC)

coauthors is deprecated
In the cite template, please note that coauthors= is deprecated. Just FYI. -- 212.139.104.186 (talk) 08:50, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

Phineas Gage "Good Article" review
Having make ten or more edits to the article on Phineas Gage, or commented on its Talk in the last two years, perhaps you will be interested in the Good Article Review currently underway. I am particularly interested in gathering broader opinion on the following comment by the reviewer: "Many sentences are much too long for easy reading and to my mind overuse complicated constructions ... I will very strongly recommend a copy edit with ease of reading in mind, breaking up complex sentences and disentwining some of the flowery language." EEng (talk) 22:42, 12 June 2013 (UTC)

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ArbCom elections are now open!
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Wuhan Institute location
Can you discuss please?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/951391660 ?

I am not an expert and want to learn how such coordinates work and where this error came from. As you know the topic is a subject of some conspiracy theories.

Zezen (talk) 04:57, 17 April 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Diamonddavej


text:
Tchin-Tchin

Tchin-Tchin, also known as Chin-Chin, is a Paris-based romantic comedy by François Billetdoux (1927–1991). Directed by François Darbon and designed by Francine Gaillard-Risler, it premiered at the Théâtre de Poche in Montparnasse, Paris, on January 26, 1959. The author himself played the role of Cesareo Grimaldi, and Katharina Renn played Pamela Pusey-Picq.

UK and U.S. productions
Adapted by Willis Hall as Chin-Chin, the play opened at Wyndham's Theatre in London's West End on November 3, 1960, running until the following March with Celia Johnson and Anthony Quayle in the leads; directed by Howard Sackler, the production was designed by Sean Kenny. According to Theatre World editor Frances Stephens: "There was a haunting quality about this new play … and Celia Johnson has done nothing better than her brilliant and sensitive portrayal of the inhibited Englishwoman who goes to pieces when her French doctor husband deserts her ... Anthony Quayle was also superb." In The Stage, R. B. Marriott pointed out that "Celia Johnson had her finest part of recent years, and played it flawlessly, in Chin-Chin ... which, starting its run haltingly after a mixed reception, developed, I am glad to say, into a success." A different translation, by Mark Rudkin, was published in the UK by Secker and Warburg. This version transferred the setting, with Billetdoux's blessing, from Paris to New York.

Adapted by Sidney Michaels as Tchin-Tchin, the play opened on Broadway on October 25, 1962, at the Plymouth Theatre (later transferring to the Ethel Barrymore Theatre) and closing on May 18, 1963, after 225 performances. Directed by Peter Glenville, the play starred Margaret Leighton and Anthony Quinn, with Charles Grodin in a supporting role. Arlene Francis and Jack Klugman took over the star roles for the last month. Tchin-Tchin received Tony Award nominations for Best Play, Best Actress in a Play (Leighton), Best Scenic Design (Will Steven Armstrong) and Best Direction of a Play. Time wrote: "Tchin-Tchin is magical. It is also fragile, but it is saved from wispiness by Leighton and Quinn. Excellence is an acting habit with Margaret Leighton, and her Pamela is expectably perfect. Anthony Quinn brings his subtlest gifts to Caesario [sic], a character in whom anguish and sentiment sprout like city flowers between slabs of concrete." In 2013, the Willis Hall version of Chin-Chin was revived with Felicity Kendal and Simon Callow, directed by Michael Rudman and designed by Michael Taylor. The first night was at the Theatre Royal Windsor, Berkshire, on 16 October prior to a UK tour.

Plot
Pamela and Cesareo's respective spouses are having an affair. When they discover this, they meet. The initially priggish English lady is slowly seduced by the vibrant Italian. Unfortunately, his joie-de-vivre is mainly due to alcohol and she too becomes dependent on it, initiating a decline and fall.

Film
A Fine Romance (1991) with Julie Andrews and Marcello Mastroianni, directed by Gene Saks and adapted by Ronald Harwood.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tchin-Tchin


text:
The Grudge

The Grudge is a 2004 American supernatural horror film directed by Takashi Shimizu, written by Stephen Susco, and produced by Sam Raimi, Robert Tapert, and Takashige Ichise. A remake of Shimizu's 2002 Japanese horror film Ju-On: The Grudge, it is the first installment in The Grudge film series. It stars Sarah Michelle Gellar, Jason Behr, KaDee Strickland, Clea DuVall, and Bill Pullman. Takako Fuji, Yuya Ozeki, and Takashi Matsuyama portray the characters Kayako Saeki, Toshio Saeki, and Takeo Saeki from the original films. The plot is told through a nonlinear sequence of events and includes several intersecting subplots.

The Grudge was released in North America by Sony Pictures Releasing on October 22, 2004, and grossed $187.3 million worldwide, and received mixed reviews from critics.

Plot
The Grudge is a curse, born when someone dies in extreme rage or sorrow, and lingers where the person dies. Those who encounter it will die, and the curse is reborn repeatedly, passing from victim to victim in an endless growing chain of horror.

In 2001, Kayako Saeki, a housewife in Tokyo, is in love with her college professor, Peter Kirk, obsessively writing about him in a diary. Her jealous husband Takeo discovers the diary, and believes Kayako is having an affair. In a fit of rage, he brutally murders her, their young son Toshio, and their pet cat Mar. After Takeo hides the bodies in the house, Kayako's ghost hangs him with her hair. After receiving a letter from Kayako, Peter visits the Saeki house only to find her and Takeo's corpses and Toshio's ghost. Shocked and horrified, he flees the scene and commits suicide the next day. The remainder of the Saeki family rises again as restless ghosts due to the curse, notably Kayako, who appears as an onryō.

In 2004, the Williams family from America moved into the Saeki house for Matt's job. While Matt is thrilled with the house, his wife Jennifer and dementia-ridden mother Emma feel uncomfortable, the former experiencing culture shock and feeling lost as she can't speak Japanese, and the latter sensing that something is wrong with the house. The curse quickly consumes Matt and Jennifer. Matt's sister Susan is also haunted, as the curse follows her back into her apartment. Yoko, a care worker, arrives at the house to find Emma alone before she encounters Kayako, who drags her up into the attic. Concerned about Yoko's disappearance, her employer Alex sends another care worker, Karen Davis, to take over the care of Emma. Karen discovers Toshio sealed up in a wardrobe at the house and later witnesses Kayako's spirit descending from the ceilings to claim Emma.

Alex arrives at the house and finds Emma dead and Karen in shock. He calls the police, who come with Detective Nakagawa. In the attic, Nakagawa and his partner Igarashi find Matt and Jennifer's bodies, along with a human's lower jaw. Meanwhile, Matt's sister, Susan, is pursued by Kayako around her office building. At home, Kayako attacks her and she vanishes. While leaving work, Alex is killed by Yoko's jawless corpse. Kayako begins haunting Karen, who informs her boyfriend Doug of the situation.

Karen researches the house, eventually confronting Nakagawa, who explains that the curse consumed three of his colleagues investigating the Saeki deaths. That night, Nakagawa carries gasoline into the house to burn it down but is killed by Takeo. Karen races there after learning Doug has ventured to the Saeki house to look for her. She finds Doug paralyzed and attempts to flee with him. Kayako crawls down the stairs and latches onto Doug, who dies of shock. As Kayako closes in, Karen sees the gasoline and ignites it. Karen survives and in the hospital, she learns that the house also survived the fire. Visiting Doug's body, Karen realizes that Kayako still haunts her.

Production
Takashi Shimizu, the director and creator of the original film, was hired to direct The Grudge, from a screenplay by Stephen Susco. Sam Raimi produced through its Ghost House Pictures banner, alongside Robert Tapert and Takashige Ichise. Principal photography on the film began on January 26, 2004, with reshoots occurring in July 2004 in Tokyo, Japan. Sarah Michelle Gellar filmed her scenes in Tokyo within three months before returning for the reshoots.

Box office
The Grudge was theatrically released in the United States by Columbia Pictures on October 22, 2004, and opened at 3,348 theaters. The film generated $39.1 million in ticket sales in its first weekend (October 22–24), exceeding the expectations of box-office analysts and Sony Pictures executives. Ticket sales declined 43% on the second weekend, earning $21.8 million. It grossed $110.4 million in the United States and Canada, with $76.9 in other territories, for worldwide total of $187.3 million.

Home media
The Grudge was released by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on VHS, DVD, and UMD on February 1, 2005. The film was released on Blu-ray Disc in the US on May 24, 2009. The film made $9.24 million from DVD sales in its first week, debuting at #2 in the sales chart behind Ray.

Critical reception
Roger Ebert of Chicago Sun-Times gave the film one star out of four, writing "I'm not sure how most of the scenes fit into the movie. I do, however, understand the underlying premise: There is a haunted house, and everybody who enters it will have unspeakable things happen to them." He criticized the fragmented time structure and said he "eventually lost all patience". Brian Rentschler of Screen Rant gave an overall positive review but in the end, unfavorably compared the film to The Ring, writing: "Writer/director Takashi Shimizu (who also wrote and directed the original) does a decent job of setting the mood of the film and (to a lesser extent) developing the storyline, but to be so similar to a movie that came out only two years ago... it's a tough obstacle to overcome."

Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "A convoluted plot makes it hard for the viewer to track the action and to become involved with any of the characters, including Gellar's perfectly nice, perfectly ordinary student. This makes it all the harder to go along with all the haunted house horrors that ensnare her". He ended his review with, "The Grudge is a fairly faithful adaptation of Shimizu's Ju-On, which in turn was based on his direct-to-video version, which in turn also spawned a direct-to-video sequel. More than anything, The Grudge suggests that it's time for Shimizu to move on. Scott Foundas from Variety wrote, "Project might have been more successful if Shimizu had style and/or atmosphere to substitute for his canned scares, cardboard compositions and flaccid cutting".

title: The Grudge


text:
Miramonte High School

Miramonte High School is a four-year public high school located in Orinda, California, United States. It is part of the Acalanes Union High School District. The school has a college-preparatory program, with 15 Advanced Placement courses offered.

History
Miramonte was founded in 1955, and welcomed approximately 175 students in September of that year. The third school in the district, MHS was built in an old pear orchard off of Moraga Way, south of the Orinda Crossroads.

The initial construction of Miramonte High School was completed by Pacific Coast Builders of San Francisco, whose bid of $559,100 was accepted by the Acalanes High School District Board of Trustees in September 1954. The site originally included 10 classrooms, a gymnasium, boys' and girls' locker rooms, a paved driveway, a paved outdoor athletic field and track, and a parking area.

Athletics
Miramonte football recorded their first NCS CIF championship in 1981, defeating San Lorenzo 23–7 in the Oakland Coliseum.

In 1972 and 1973, The Miramonte Matador Football team won the Foothill Athletic League Championship both years. The 1973 team went on to beat Antioch High School in the "Turkey Bowl" to end the bowl season as the East Bay Area's #1 Ranked Championship Football Team. The 1972 Miramonte team also played against Antioch the previous year in the Turkey Bowl and lost.

In 1983, the Miramonte Matadors, known as the Mats, were voted CIF State Champions in all divisions after defeating Cardinal Newman High School on December 3, 1983, at Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum in the NCS 2A Championship game. The Mats were also NCS 2A South Champions and FAL Champions.

In 1997, the Mats again won the NCS 2A Championship after defeating Granada High School in the championship game at the Oakland Coliseum. The Mats also won NCS 2A titles in 1998, 2000, 2001 and 2003 in their victory over San Lorenzo in a rematch of their 1981 championship game.

In 2013, after finishing 2nd in the DFAL, the Mats defeated Tennyson, Northgate and number two-seeded Clayton Valley Charter to reach the championship at Rancho Cotate High School against 13–0 Casa Grande. In the game, Miramonte scored two touchdowns in the last two minutes to win their 8th NCS football championship, 42–28 to finish 12–2 on the season.

In 2008–09, Miramonte's water polo team was named "2008-09 ESPN RISE Magazine Boys' Team of the Year" (includes all sports). Since 1967, the team has won 15 NOR CAL championships and 26 League Championships. The so-called "Dream Team" were the California State Champions that year.

Academics
In 2012, U.S. News & World Report ranked Miramonte High School as #21 in California and #126 in the United States in their rankings of the Best High Schools.

In 2021, Miramonte was ranked 571 nationally, and slipped from the top school in the county to third place. For their 2023-2024 Best High Schools Rankings (released in August of 2023) U.S. News & World Report ranked Miramonte as #217 nationally, and second in the county.

As of March 2014, Miramonte ranked 11th on the Los Angeles Times California Schools Guide Top Average SAT Scores list.

Demographics

 * Total students: 1283
 * Students by gender:
 * 55% female
 * 45% male

 * Students by ethnicity
 * 2.2% Black/African American
 * 7.5 % Hispanic
 * 25% Asian
 * 65% White/Caucasian

 * Student to teacher ratio: 21:1

Census Day Enrollment 2017-18	2018-19	2019-20	2020-21	2021-22 Total	1,316	1,286	1,236	1,174	1,183

Notable alumni

 * Bryan Barker, NFL player, Class of 1982
 * Chris Bauer, film, TV and stage actor, Class of 1984
 * Drew Bennett, NFL player
 * Kirsten Costas, murder victim
 * Ken Dorsey, NFL quarterback and coach
 * Drew Anderson, NFL quarterback
 * Paul Hackett, former college football head coach, NFL assistant coach
 * Valerie Henderson, professional soccer player
 * Sabrina Ionescu, WNBA player
 * Brett Jackson, former professional baseball player
 * Drew Jackson, professional baseball player
 * Mike MacDonald, rugby player
 * Philip Perry, Lawyer, married to Liz Cheney, daughter of Dick Cheney who served as the 46th vice president of the United States from 2001 to 2009 under President George W. Bush
 * Heather Petri, Olympic water polo medalist
 * Luke Sassano, soccer player
 * Nicolle Wallace (née Devenish), political commentator, former White House Communications Director

title: Miramonte High School


text:
Ring 0: Birthday

Ring 0: Birthday (リング0 バースデイ) is the 2000 Japanese horror-psychological thriller prequel of Ring directed by Norio Tsuruta. The film is based on a screenplay by Hiroshi Takahashi, which in turn is based on the short story "Lemon Heart" from the Birthday anthology by Koji Suzuki. The story follows the life of the character of Sadako Yamamura just before she consigned to her fate seen in the later Ring series.

Ring 0, along with Isola was known for being the one of the earliest Japanese live-action psychological thriller-focused films to be released theatrically. as well as the first psychological thriller films which released theatrically in japan during early 2000s to gross over ¥1 billion in distribution income, preceding other releases like The Beach, Unbreakable, Vanilla Sky and Panic Room. Ring 0: Birthday was nominated for the 2001 edition of Fantasporto, but lost to Amores perros.

Plot
In the present, a girl confesses to her friend that she watched the cursed videotape. She also recounts having nightmares, including seeing Sadako’s murder by Dr. Ikuma.

30 years prior, Akiko Miyaji, the fiancé of a fellow reporter who was killed during Shizuko's infamous ESP demonstration, interviews Shizuko's daughter, Sadako's former elementary school teacher Sudo, about Sadako's nensha powers. Sudo recounts how Sadako was withdrawn as a child and predicted her classmates drowning in the ocean during a field trip. Meanwhile, 19-year-old Sadako joins an acting troupe as an understudy. Her natural charisma infuriates lead actor, Aiko Hazuki, whose relationship with the troupe director, Yusaku Shigemori, sours due to the latter's newfound favor for Sadako. Aiko is later found murdered by a figure in white, so Sadako takes her place. Sadako and troupe sound director Hiroshi Toyama are attracted to each other, much to the disappointment of Toyama's girlfriend, costume designer Etsuko Tachihara. While praised by Shigemori and Toyama, the other troupe members grow to distrust and fear Sadako, as they suspect that she is the one who caused Aiko's death and other supernatural occurrences, including an apparition of a girl in white with long hair similar to Sadako.

Akiko is told by Sudo that Shizuko descended to madness before her suicide ever since moving to live with Dr. Heihachiro Ikuma and that Sudo heard strange childlike noises in the attic. Etsuko, wanting to discover Sadako's origins, contacts Sadako's psychiatrist, but he refuses to answer and throws away Sadako's résumé; the résumé is taken by Akiko's assistant, allowing him and Akiko to locate Sadako in the troupe. When they start photographing her, she telekinetically breaks the camera; the two discover that all the photographs contain ghostly faces and a girl with long hair, confirming Akiko's suspicion of the existence of "two" Sadakos. Shigemori, obsessed with Sadako, says he will kill her if she tries to kill him. Toyama interrupts and Shigemori is killed through a cut that also wounds Toyama. Sadako heals him just by touching him; later, he can help a disabled man regain his ability to walk. After finishing their last play, the two confess their love and promise to leave the troupe and live together.

The play is a disaster as Sadako, influenced by recordings of her mother's demonstration played by Etsuko, sees visions of her mother during the demonstration and kills her psychiatrist. The troupe members beat her to death. They visit Ikuma, who tells them that Sadako split into two beings resembling each of her parents; the malevolent one, who resembled her unknown father, is kept from growing by Ikuma in the attic. Before they can kill it, both Sadakos merge with each other and escape with Toyama. Sadako kills all the troupe members in her merged form, including Toyama. Akiko and Etsuko hide in Ikuma's house. Rather than face Sadako's wrath, Akiko shoots Etsuko and herself.

Sadako is found by Ikuma, recovered and tearfully mourning her own actions. Ikuma drugs her and chases her outside to the well. Despite her pleas, he brains her with an axe and throws her down the well before breaking down in tears. Sadako dreams of meeting Toyama again and screams as the well stone is slid in place, trapping her inside.

Production
In 1999, Koji Suzuki was finishing his written sources for the Ring series by including a fourth titled Birthday which collects three short stories that filled in details of the story. Asmik Ace decided to hire Ring and Ring 2 screenwriter Hiroshi Takahashi to adapt the short stories of Birthday, Takahashi decided to only adapt the story Lemonheart from Birthday due to the Complex nature of the Short story collection. Lemonheart captured the life of the character of Sadako just before she consigned to her fate seen in the later Ring series. Hideo Nakata was offered to directed Ring 0, while Kenji Kawai was offered to composing the music of the film under request from Takasige Ichise, the producer of Ring and Ring 2, however both Nakata and Kawai turned down an offer.

Once the Ring 0 went into production, numerous changes were made to the film production staff. the director for the film was the first changes as Nakata was replaced by Norio Tsuruta. Tsuruta had previously worked on direct-to-video horror scripts such as Honto ni atta kowai hanashi (Scary True Stories) in 1991, and wrote and directed the sequel. After working on two Pachinko-themed feature film in between 1993 to 1994 and eighth direct-to-video horror works between 1991 to 1996, Tsuruta subsequently take a hiatus for nearly 3 years. Tsuruta first work after a nearly 3 years of inactivity was "Tatari", a second episode of the Kansai TV Tanpatsu Drama Haunted School: Spring Haunting Special in March 1999, which Tsuruta was directed while Takahashi take responsibility on a screenplay. Tsuruta was offered to directed under request from Takahashi due to previously collaborated in "Tatari". Tsuruta referred to the film as "a tragedy" with a theme about "a young woman who is oppressed because she is different from everyone else. In Japan, there is great pressure not to stray too far from the norm". the Assistant director-pair for Tsuruta was Shozo Katashima. the second changes is cinematographer which now handled by Takahide Shibanushi. the third changes is Sound recording and reproduction Director which previously handled by Kiyoshi Kakizawa in Ring 2 was replaced by Tetsuo Segawa, a veteran sound recording director who start his sound recording director career during the late Japanese New Wave era. The fourth changes is the Sound Effects Director which handled by Kenji Shibazaki in Ring and Ring 2, however Shibazaki was replaced by Shizuo Kurahashi, a veteran sound effects editor/designer when the film went into production. the fifth changes is the Script supervisor which handled by Kumiko Yoshida in Ring 2, however Yoshida was replaced by Yoshimi Amaike when the film went into production. the last change for the film production staff was the Art director which handled by Iwao Saito Ring, Rasen and Ring 2, however Sato was replaced by Osamu Yamaguchi when the film went into production. Genre-wise, Ring 0 retain the J-Horror Genre found in Ring and Ring 2. however, the Techno-horror Genre that made Ring famous is now abandoned in flavor of Psychological Thriller, a Genre that many Hollywood Directors as well as some East Asian Filmmakers has already explored such as David Fincher, David Lynch, Martin Scorsese, M. Night Shyamalan, Satoshi Kon and Kiyoshi Kurosawa,  but many other East Asian Filmmakers and screenwriter including Tsuruta and Takahashi itself are not famillar with.

Yukie Nakama was cast in the role of Sadako. After Nakama's friends had seen Ring, they teased her about her resemblance to Sadako. Nakama was later contacted by her agent who mentioned they were looking for actresses for the role of Sadako and tried out for the role. She received confirmation of her role in the next two weeks.

Music
"finale" by Japanese rock group L'Arc-en-Ciel, was used as the film official theme song, and it was released as Double A-side single, three days before the film's release. the band performed "finale" for the first time on the "RESET>>LIVE *000" Concerts at the Tokyo Big Sight on December 31, 1999. The music video of "finale" was directed by Wataru Takeishi. Unlike many music videos from the songs that were a part of a film soundtrack or featured in a film at that time (such as "I Disappear" by Metallica and "Take a Look Around" by Limp Bizkit, both from Mission: Impossible 2), the music video of "finale" doesn't incorporate any film footage into it. Despite the video doesn't features clips from the movie, it could not be included on any of the DVD releases of the film, although it was included in the band second video compilation Chronicle 2 in 2001. the full track version of "finale" was appeared on the band's eighth studio album, "Real". while The 4 minutes theatrical cut version of "finale" was only appear in the Closing credits of Ring 0: Birthday, as well as live performance on Music TV Show such as Music Station and Count Down TV. but not included in the film official soundtrack CD released by Kadokawa Shoten Publishing. Furthermore, the name of the theme song was kept secret on all print advertisements, posters, television commercials, and press material for Ring 0: Birthday except the theatrical pamphlet and the double feature traliers, as a part of Sony Music Entertainment Japan decision to used several marketing tactics for "Neo Universe/Finale" to increasing sales.

Release
Ring 0: Birthday was released in Japan on January 22, 2000 where it was distributed by Toho. It was released on a double bill with Isola. the film was theatrically released in Malaysia as Ring 0: The Origin on December 19, 2002 where it was distributed by Buena Vista-Columbia TriStar Distribution Joint Venture. In the Philippines, the film was theatrically released as Ring-0: The Birthday on May 21, 2003.

Home media
Ring 0: Birthday was released on VHS and DVD format shortly after its theatrical run in Japan, with a NTSC-J Regions VHS format released first on July 21, 2000, Followed by the Region 2-locked DVD released on October 27, 2000, Both From Kadokawa Video. the 2000 Kadokawa Video DVD release presented the film in its original 1.85:1 Anamorphic widescreen format with Japanese Dolby Digital 5.1 soundtrack and include the extra features that was unavailable on the VHS released, including the Cast and film staff interviews, behind-the-scenes featurette, Deleted scene, Theatrical Trailers and TV Commercial/Teaser for the film.

The film was released in United Kingdom as straight-to-video released by Tartan Video (under their Asia Extreme Label) on February 25, 2002, in both VHS and Region 0-DVD format. The 2002 Tartan Asia Extreme Released presented the film in its original 1.85:1 Anamorphic widescreen format, though carried no special features apart from filmographies, photo galleries and tralier for other Tartan Asia Extreme Released.

On April 28, 2003 Madman Entertainment Pty. Ltd. and The AV Channel co-announced that Ring 0: Birthday will released in Australia through the Eastern Eye Label as straight-to-video released in June 11, of that same year in both VHS and Region 0-DVD format. The 2003 Madman/Eastern Eye Released presented the film in the 1.78:1 Anamorphic widescreen format instead of the original 1.85:1 Anamorphic format found in the Kadokawa Video and the Tartan Asia Extreme Released, and carried no special features apart from filmographies, photo galleries and tralier for Hellsing, Samsara, Spirited Away, Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust and Wendigo. There is an Easter egg located in the extras features menu. When the Madman Propaganda is highlighted, the viewer can press left directional buttons to highlight a Kanji character on the girls tongue, then press Enter button. By doing this, the cursed video used in the previous films will be play.

Tartan later released the film as a part of The Ring Trilogy DVD Boxset, on October 25, 2004 in both 3 Disc Keep case Standard Edition (Ring and Ring 2 Disc are Region Free DVD while Ring 0: Birthday Disc are Region 2-locked DVD, all disc include the same special features found in The 2002 Tartan Asia Extreme Released) and 4 Disc Region 2-locked DVD Digipak Remastered-Collector's Edition (including the addition Disc which contains Sleeping Bride and the inclusion of the DTS 5.1 soundtrack option in all disc (the DTS 5.1 soundtrack are recorded at a bitrate of 768 kbit/s), both of which are unavailable in the Standard Edition). The 2004 The Ring Trilogy Collector's Edition Released of Ring 0: Birthday presented the film in the 1.78:1 Anamorphic widescreen format found in The Madman/Eastern Eye Released and contain special features including the Film Notes by Kim Newman and three extra features found in the 2000 Kadokawa Video DVD Released (behind-the-scenes featurette, Deleted scene and Theatrical Trailers). The 2004 The Ring Trilogy Collector's Edition Released of the film also including the Dolby Digital 5.1 (recorded at a bitrate of 384 kbit/s) and DTS 5.1 soundtrack option (Both in Japanese), in addition to the Japanese Dolby Digital 2.0 Stereo soundtrack (recorded at a bitrate of 192 kbit/s) found in The 2002 Tartan Asia Extreme Released. The film was released direct-to-video in the United States under the title Ringu 0 on August 23, 2005 by DreamWorks/Universal Home Video.

Reception
Online film database AllMovie gave the film two stars out of five, referring to it as a "mediocre Carrie rip" and that it "can only be truly reviled as a desecration of the original Ringu's uniquely persuasive and subtle horror". The review noted that the "film's effort to explain exactly who Sadako (Yukie Nakama) is and how she became a powerful evil force, the film heaps contrivance upon contrivance, mixing clichés from backstage melodramas with those from Carrie and all its imitators, and leaving the viewer with little beyond the strength of Nakama's appealing performance and a few mild scares to hang on to".

The films opened in third place at the Japanese box office.

title: Ring 0: Birthday


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User talk:AlexR/Archive 10 2004

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. BTW, nice work with the transgender article. Cheers! --maveric149

Have you seen androgyny? I'd quite like a second opinion... :)

Might I suggest you move User:AlexR/Article series boxes to Article series boxes policy (proposed). I've added the proposal to Policy thinktank. Nohat 18:12, 2004 May 4 (UTC)

forgotten something? :) colovaginoplasty Dysprosia 22:29, 4 May 2004 (UTC) Ooooooops ... indeed ...

Hey Alex. Nice work on transgender. Could you explain the statement that ''In the past it had always been assumed that there were considerably more transwomen than transmen. However, the ratio is approaching 1:1''? I've never heard that before. -- Kimiko 14:39, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

Copy of my answer from Kimiko's page; having all those questions on my userpage and no answers looks funny, somehow: I can't find at the moment that nice list of statistics, it is I believe somewhere in the IJT. Anyway, it started with a ration of about 1:100, and then went down something like 1:80, 1:50, 1:10, 1:5.x, 1:3.x, 1:2.x and the latest I found already said 1:1.x. I don't think you need a degree in statistics to see where that is leading. Also, other counts are already up at 1:1 or even have a light overhang of transmen, now that many non-transsexual transmen realise there are options open to them. Those are currently counts from self-help groups or councelers, estimates from judges handling name changes etc. Already the first "scientific" papers estimate that it is 1:1 after all, too. Also, compare gender variance among female-bodied individuals tends to be relatively invisible to the culture, particularly to mental health professionals and scientists. from the current HBIGDA-SoCs, [http://www.symposion.com/ijt/soc_2001/soc_02.htm II. Epidemiological Considerations]. Greetings AlexR 15:04, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

Hi. Why did you start your user info with something so horrible?

By the way, I think you're right regarding the MtF/FtM ratio. --Eequor 15:53, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

Horrible? Not quite so horrible as it sounds - polymorph perverted is classical Freud, simply meaning that sexual preferences are not quite fixed (yet), and Trannyfag means the basic directions they are at the moment - it's also a quite common self-description among gay transmen. Also, I like the face people usually make when I say that. And given that on both the English and the German Wikipedia I am a mayor contributor to these articles, I think it's quite appropriate to mention it on my user page - discreetly of course, as always ;-)  -- AlexR 19:08, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

I am growing tired of this stupid conflict. I have never personally attacked you, yet you continue to attack me. I am demanding you cease personally attacking me. If you do not comply, I will request mediation --JulieADriver 21:34, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

mediation
Hi. There is request for mediation I would like to help you and Eequor with. I have scanned the material I think is at the center of the dispute; and have some hope I can help you two, especially as both of you seem to be very nice people. I think we could start like this:

You send me E-mail to address (jheiskan "at" welho "dot" com) and include:

 * A listing of pages you feel I should have read for context for your dispute (just to be sure).
 * Stuff you think Eequor may have misunderstood about your position or behaviour and you would like Eequor to understand better.
 * Stuff you have trouble understanding about Eequors views or ways of acting.

I may ask for more later, but let's get started on this.

-- Cimon 19:19, 29 May 2004 (UTC)

Hello, I just noted in one of your edit comments that you consider the term "sex change surgery" as prejudicial and infamous. The article on sex reassignment surgery lists "sex change surgery" as an alternative term, without mentioning that some people consider it offensive, and why. Maybe you should add that bit of information, since the term seems to be quite commonly used. Cheers, AxelBoldt 10:17, 10 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * Done. I wrote the article sex change a while ago, and it never occured to me to add a link to it elsewhere; I have done so now. Also, the prejudices I mentionend in the comment was refering to other minor things like what was said about western transgendered people, or those neat little quotes around "female" at one point, and similar stuff. -- AlexR 11:10, 10 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Trans people and pronouns
Hi. You might be interesting in the discussion at Talk:Patrick Califia about what pronouns to use for him when referring to pre-transition events. Morwen - Talk 13:14, 22 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Transitioning
psst... I moved transitioning (transgender) to transitioning since there was no need for the disam bracket ;) Dysprosia 11:47, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, and I will move it back, because gives several more meanings for this word. Even if the disambiguation page for "Transition" point out these meanings, you can be certain that links will appear to this one day which have nothing whatever to do with transgender people. Snowspinner already complained about the "exclusive" usage of Transitioning; even if his comments are not exactly unbiased, I see no reason to have a questionable name for an article when this can be solved so easily. -- AlexR 11:53, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, I don't think we should "pre-disambiguate" until absolutely necessary (ie when someone wants to disam it they shoud do it then). But it's not that big a deal, and if you think it's best, I won't complain :) Dysprosia 11:55, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Given the fact that there are already pretty transphobic people in the WP whom we have to deal with occationally, I opt for giving them as little opportunitiy for attack as possible, when this is possible without sacrifying facts, NPOV and respect. And since I don't think that this particular change is in any way significant, why not being as correctly as possible? Apart from that, though, right now I am wading through internal searches of "transgender" (and will let others follow) so we can make sure no relevant article is missing from the List or my attention. Also, the article von Kate Bronstein seems to be in dire need of attention, among other things, I am not sure at all that it is quite correct to label her as "transsexual". Neverending work here :-)
 * BTW, I would not have made a second revert either, it is indeed not that important (yet). -- AlexR 12:13, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Transgender/transgenderism
I noticed your edit on the closet regarding the preferred use of transgender over transgenderism, and had a couple questions: -Seth Mahoney 18:26, Jun 30, 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) I was thinking about reworking that whole sentence (actually, I'm thinking about reworking the whole article), so that it would read something like "homosexual, bisexual, and transgendered persons" - it doesn't have quite the same meaning, as a lot of people will claim that it isn't the people they have a problem with (though I think they're full of it), but it avoids the whole issue of having nouns that aren't quite the same type (like homosexuality and transgender).  What do you think?
 * 2) are you a member of, or would you like to join, WikiProject Sexology and Sexuality?

Re 1. - I was thinking about doing the same thing, but I made the edit while I was busy completing the List of Transgender-related topics with articles I had not yet seen. It is probably the best solution, it reads, even without the trans problem, a bit odd to me. Although actually I have seen "transgender" being used as a noun that way, too. But I do think reworking the article will very much improve it, anyway.
 * Great. Well, I'll do the edit tomorrow and let you know if you don't get to it first.

Re 2. - No, I am not, and I don't intend to. Both Sam Spade and Snowspinner are members of that project, and I have seen enough of both for a lifetime. (Although I fear I have not seen the last of them. *sigh*) Have a look at herteronormativity and its history, then you know what I mean. But thank you for the invitation, if there are any questions regarding trans* or trans*-people I am perfectly willing to help out. -- AlexR 21:01, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * It sucks that other members have lessened your interest in the project - I think you'd be a valuable contributor, but I understand, and I'm sure you'll make contributions whether or not you're a member. I've seen the talk page for heteronormativity, and participated a little, and I have to admit I'm a little afraid to go back.
 * Yes, it does suck. But after several months of edit war in heteronormativity I think it is understandabel. I fully understand that you are afraid to go back there, I still breath a sigh of relief when I update my watchlist and don't see this article ;-) And you are right, that is where I saw your name before. Anyway, as I said, I'll help out when I am needed. I keep an eye on all articles regarding trans* anyway; should I miss something, or something new comes up, just let me know. -- AlexR 10:51, 1 Jul 2004 (UTC)

personal pages and external links
"Reverted to remove personal pages - did not seem to serve any purpose, there is a list of t*-people already".

Alex can you point me to the aforementioned list.--Blago2k 09:36, 1 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * There is a category: and there is the List of transgendered people. -- AlexR 16:55, 1 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks Alex. I apologize for the misapprehension, but I could not find the right page. If I new, I wouldn't try alter the inappropriate sections.--Blago2k 17:32, 1 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:AlexR/Archive 10 2004


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The Hollow Tree

The Hollow Tree is a 1997 children's historical novel by Janet Lunn. The book is the third in a trilogy, the first two being The Root Cellar and Shadow in Hawthorn Bay. Having progressed backward from the American Civil War in The Root Cellar, another few decades in Shadow in Hawthorn Bay, The Hollow Tree takes place during the starting of the American Revolution in 1777.

The main character, Phoebe Olcott, is mentioned briefly in Shadow in Hawthorn Bay as "Phoebe Morrisay," having married Jem Morrisay. Phoebe's suitor, Ben Larkin, is implied to be an ancestor to Rose Larkin, the protagonist of The Root Cellar, while the Morrissay family's descendants would include Will Morrisay, who also appears in The Root Cellar.

Plot overview
Plump little Phoebe Olcott is a timid but helpful 15-year-old girl, admired by her father's students for her quiet temperament and stubbornness. After her father, a schoolteacher, is killed in action while fighting as an American Patriot (commonly known as Rebels) in the quick revolution, she ends up living with her aunt's family, who happen to be Loyalist.

Phoebe continues to hide in the shadows of her cousins Gideon and Anne Robinson until Gideon becomes a British soldier. When he is suddenly found hanged, Phoebe discovers that Gideon was actually a spy and finds a list of names that was entrusted to Gideon and must be delivered to Fort Ticonderoga.

She arrives at Fort Ticonderoga too late; the post has been abandoned. Instead, she finds a bear and a cat and meets Jem Morrissay, whose family happens to be one of the names on the list entrusted to Gideon. Phoebe and Jem form an uneasy relationship and she is reunited with her family and several other Loyalist families fleeing to Upper Canada to avoid persecution by the Patriots.

During the flight of the Loyalists, they capture Japhet Oram, a Loyalist soldier, and are uncertain if he is a deserter or a rebel spy. The leader of the group insists that the soldier be taken to Canada and hanged. When Phoebe's own convictions, background, and morals clash with the more radical of the Loyalists, she soon finds herself isolated from the rest of the group. She secretly cuts Japhet loose and runs away, but is pursued by Jem.

Despite their growing attraction to one another, Phoebe refuses to return to the other Loyalists with Jem. Forced to continue alone, Phoebe begins her dangerous journey to Canada in order to escape the revolution and fulfil Gideon's final mission.

title: The Hollow Tree


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Oregon Route 126

Oregon OR 126 (OR 126) is a 204.63 mi state highway that connects coastal, western, and central parts of the U.S. state of Oregon. A short freeway section of OR 126 in Eugene and Springfield is concurrent with Interstate 105 (I-105).

Florence to Eugene
The western terminus of OR 126 is in Florence at a junction with US 101, the main north–south route along the Oregon Coast. The junction is located north of downtown Florence near the municipal airport and the mouth of the Siuslaw River, which empties into the nearby Pacific Ocean. OR 126 travels east on the Florence-Eugene Highway No. 62 (see Oregon highways and routes), which follows the Siuslaw River and the Coos Bay Rail Line out of Florence and into the Suislaw National Forest and the foothills of the Coast Range. The highway turns north along a bend in the river to reach Mapleton, where it intersects OR 36 and leaves the river and railroad for Knowles Creek. OR 126 continues east along the creek to the Ralph A. Petersen Tunnel, a 1,450 ft long tunnel that opened in 1957.

From the tunnel, the highway descends from the mountains along Turner Creek to briefly rejoin the Siuslaw River and the Coos Bay Rail Line. OR 126 and the railroad split from the river to follow Wildcat Creek northeast to Cougar Pass, which marks the boundary between the Siuslaw and Willamette river basins. The highway descends into the Willamette Valley and passes through the town of Veneta and along the south shore of the Fern Ridge Reservoir. It also joins a section of the Coos Bay Rail Line as it approaches Eugene.

In the western outskirts of Eugene, OR 126 intersects OR 569, which forms a northern bypass of Eugene. The highway follows Amazon Creek on West 11th Avenue towards downtown Eugene, turning north onto Garfield Street for five blocks. It then becomes concurrent with OR 99, which travels through downtown Eugene on a pair of one-way streets: West 7th Avenue for eastbound traffic and West 6th Avenue for westbound traffic. At a junction with Washington and Jefferson streets, OR 126 turns north onto a freeway, which is designated as Interstate 105 (I-105).

In January 2016, the Oregon Legislature passed SB 5, designating OR 126 between Florence and Eugene as "William Tebeau Memorial Highway," named after a pioneering ODOT engineer.

Freeway section
At the junction with Washington and Jefferson streets in downtown Eugene lies the western terminus of Eugene-Springfield Highway No. 227, an east-west freeway through the Eugene-Springfield metropolitan area. OR 126 is routed along this freeway for its entire length, and I-105 is routed along the first 3.5 mi until the interchange with I-5.

The bridge and viaduct carrying the first 1.5 mi of I-105 are sometimes known as the Washington-Jefferson Street Bridge. After crossing the Williamette River, passing two exits, and entering Springfield, I-105 ends at an interchange with I-5, and OR 126 continues east then turning south, with the freeway terminating at Main Street (OR 126 Business) in the Thurston neighborhood of the city's east end.

In December 2011 the section of highway from the Washington-Jefferson Street Bridge to Springfield was renamed Officer Chris Kilcullen Memorial Highway to commemorate the fallen Eugene Police Department officer who was fatally wounded while conducting a traffic stop on the highway in April 2011.

Springfield to Prineville
OR 126 continues east as McKenzie Highway No. 15 and the McKenzie River Scenic Byway, flanking the McKenzie River for most of its length from Springfield into the Cascade Range. It turns north at Belknap Springs and follows the Clear Lake–Belknap Springs Highway No. 215, passing the eponymous Clear Lake. The highway merges with US 20 near Crescent Mountain and begins a concurrency that continues through Santiam Junction (the terminus of OR 22) and Sisters as Santiam Highway No. 16. OR 242 is an alternative route between Belknap Springs and Sisters that travels between Mount Washington and the Three Sisters.

East of Sisters, OR 126 splits from US 20 (which turns southeast towards Bend) and continues east onto the Sisters-Redmond Highway and resumes its designation as McKenzie Highway No. 15. The highway crosses Deschutes River and travels through Redmond, where it is briefly concurrent with US 97's bypass of the city. OR 126 travels southeast on Ochoco Highway No. 41 from Redmond, passing its commercial airport, to reach its eastern terminus at U.S. Route 26 (US 26) in Prineville.

History
In 1926, the route between Florence and Ontario was designated as US 28. The Junction City-Florence section of the highway ran roughly along what are now OR 36 and OR 126.

In 1937, the same year a new US 99 alignment between Eugene and Junction City opened, US 28 was truncated and its western terminus moved to Glenwood (between Eugene and Springfield).

On February 1, 1952, US 28 was eliminated from the United States Numbered Highway System. The highway was redesignated US 26 between the Oregon-Idaho border and Prineville (and then continuing north and west through Portland to Astoria). The former US 28 section between Prineville and Eugene was then designated U.S. Route 126.

In 1957 the long-awaited direct route between Eugene and the coast, known as "Route F", was completed. It was primarily funded by the Lane County government with assistance from the federal government, with the goal of bypassing the longer Stagecoach Road. It was proposed as early as the 1930s. The Knowles Creek tunnel was opened to traffic on June 4, 1957, and was later renamed for Ralph A. Petersen, a Lane County commissioner who had lobbied for the highway's construction. The state of Oregon formally named the new route the Eugene-Mapleton Highway, but did not assign it a route number until 1964, when it became OR 126. Highway authorities agreed to the duplication as a temporary one, as US 126 would soon disappear under the ongoing elimination of three-digit U.S. Routes lying entirely within one state.

A freeway bypass of OR 126 in Downtown Eugene, named the Q Street Freeway, was planned in the late 1950s and incorporated into the Interstate Highway System as I-105. Initial plans called for its route to follow Q Street from Coburg Road in Eugene (near the Delta Highway) to Mill Street in northern Springfield, with further extensions at both ends. The freeway would reach Downtown Eugene by following the Washington and Jefferson Street Bridge over the Willamette River, which had already been planned by the city government. An eastern extension to Highway 126 near Springfield was also planned by the state government, but Lane County officials requested a longer route to avoid more of Springfield. The completed Eugene section of I-105 was dedicated by Governor Tom McCall on October 25, 1967, along with improvements to US 126 in Springfield.

In 1972, the American Association of State Highway Officials dropped US 126 from its highway system. The state of Oregon promptly redesignated the Prineville-Eugene section of the former U.S. Route, and the Mapleton-Florence section of OR 36, as OR 126.

Prior routes
The routes of OR 126 and its predecessors have changed numerous times over the years. The original route of US 28 from Florence to Eugene ran through Junction City, and overlapped US 99 (now OR 99) from there south to Eugene. The route between Junction City and Brickerville is now OR 36; the original route of US 28 west of Brickerville is no longer on the state highway system.

In 1972, US 126 was eliminated and OR 126 through the Eugene-Springfield area was routed onto a newly constructed freeway through north and east Springfield, and then the older I-105 at Eugene. The portions of the former US 126 rolling through downtown Springfield and Eugene were designated as the OR 126 business route.

The place where OR 126 and its predecessors cross the Cascades has changed over the years. Originally, the highway was routed over McKenzie Pass, a high mountainous route that frequently was closed in winter due to poor road conditions. In 1962, the Clear Lake Cutoff was constructed between Clear Lake and Belknap Springs, connecting the McKenzie Highway to the Santiam Highway (US 20) to the north. US 126 was re-routed over the cutoff and ran concurrently with US 20 east over the Cascades to Sisters, where it resumes its original course. The stretch of the McKenzie Highway between Belknap Springs and Sisters is now designated as OR 242. OR 242 is primarily a scenic route and is not plowed in wintertime.

Proposed expansions
Currently, the route of Oregon OR 126 through western Eugene runs along several surface streets, most notably including West 11th Avenue. This route is well known in the Eugene area for traffic problems. Several projects have been proposed to deal with this; however, none has met with community approval.

A new proposed alignment of OR 126, the West Eugene Parkway is being planned by transportation authorities (but is facing fierce opposition from activists opposed to the parkway). The proposed parkway, a limited-access expressway with some at-grade intersections and some interchanges, would run north of the current West 11th alignment. Transportation planners have argued that the new route is necessary to fight congestion in Eugene and its western suburbs and that the highway would facilitate traffic and growth in the year 2025. Highway opponents note that world petroleum supplies will likely be in decline long before the road would be completed, and therefore modest fixes to existing roads would be sufficient.

The Roosevelt Freeway was a freeway proposed in the 1960s and planned in the 1970s, which would serve as a new alignment of OR 126 through west Eugene. It was cancelled in 1978 due to community opposition.

Construction on the parkway was set to begin in 2006 though land-use appeals and lack of funding delayed and ultimately prevented groundbreaking on the project.

Roosevelt Freeway
The Roosevelt Freeway was a proposed freeway alignment of OR 126 through Eugene, Oregon and its western suburbs. The project was canceled in 1972, largely due to the Oregon freeway revolts.

The freeway was proposed to go north of the current OR 126 alignment along West 11th Avenue, Roosevelt Boulevard and the Willamette River near the Whitaker neighborhood, and connect to the current I-105 just south of the Washington-Jefferson Street Bridge. (A proposed eastward extension of the project, the Skinner Butte Freeway, never made it off the drawing board).

The freeway was designed to solve a longstanding traffic issue in Eugene, the inadequacy of West 11th Avenue (a neighborhood arterial) to handle long-haul and commuter traffic. Many commuters, as well as state transportation officials, strongly desired to build the freeway. Plans for the freeway were completed in the mid-1970s, and the state of Oregon had begun buying up property for the right-of-way. A ramp stub currently exists on I-105, where the interchange with the Roosevelt Freeway would have been.

However, the freeway proved to be unpopular with Eugene residents, due to its impact on existing neighborhoods and riverfront access. In 1978, the so-called "T-2000" transportation plan was adopted, which effectively killed the Roosevelt Freeway by removing it from the plan's list of transportation projects. The plan did call for an east–west corridor through west Eugene, but for a scaled-down version. The mothballed West Eugene Parkway, a non-freeway route on a similar alignment, was seen by supporters and critics alike as an implementation of these plans.

West Eugene Parkway
The West Eugene Parkway, or WEP, was a proposed re-alignment of OR 126 through the western parts of Eugene and its suburbs. OR 126 runs through west Eugene along several surface streets, including West 11th Avenue, which is well known for its traffic problems. The proposed route, a limited-access expressway with some at-grade intersections and one interchange, would have run north of the current West 11th alignment, terminating at the western terminus of the Sixth-Seventh Avenue couplet carrying OR 99 through west Eugene. The project proved to be highly controversial. In July 2006, ODOT suspended work on it, and recommended a no-build alternative to the Federal Highway Administration.

Transportation planners argued that the new route is necessary to fight traffic congestion in Eugene and its western suburbs and that the highway would facilitate traffic and growth in the year 2025.

Opponents to the parkway have several reasons for their objection:
 * The route is not needed; further road construction is a symptom of urban sprawl and better land use planning is the solution
 * The route will encourage further development and urban sprawl in west Eugene
 * World petroleum supplies will likely be in decline long before the road would be completed, and therefore modest fixes to existing roads would be sufficient
 * The proposed route will disrupt environmentally-sensitive areas, including wetlands near the proposed alignment
 * The parkway is just a resurrection of the old Roosevelt Freeway proposal (canceled in 1972), and calling the proposed project a "parkway" is deceptive
 * The proposed route will just dump more traffic in Eugene's downtown core. The project fails the federally mandated "independent utility" test, and is thus illegal, because public transportation projects must be self-standing, according to federal law. It is alleged that construction of the parkway will raise traffic on Sixth and Seventh Avenues to unacceptable levels, requiring construction of a new highway through downtown. If such a design element was included in the current plan, such inclusion would likely lead to its cancellation.
 * Funds spent on the project (officially $169 million) would be better spent on other improvements to the area transportation network.
 * Over the past 20 years Eugene City Planning required businesses build along the West 11th corridor to place their parking lots behind their buildings, resulting in many buildings erected close to the existing street. Construction of the proposed parkway would require widening of the current road, forcing many of these businesses to close or relocate.  Consequently, the project was opposed by many business owners along the route.

On June 18 and 19, 2001, the City of Eugene, Lane County, the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), among others, held a two-day "West Eugene Charrette" to discuss the future of the project. Most participants were supporters of the highway, but at the end of the conference agreed to select the "no-build" option. This consensus was not implemented, although ODOT and FHWA continued to spend millions, for a time, on the environmental impact statement.

Supporters, and the government agencies involved in the planning of the project, pointed to the fact that the parkway proposal has been approved by city voters in two referendum elections, most recently in 2001. Opponents note that the election was 51 to 49, and that proponents claimed "The Money Is There" when selling the project. The official price tag for the WEP was $88 million in 2001, but a 2004 estimate by local and state governments predicts the cost is really $169 million. Few WEP proponents support tax increases to pay for the highway.

On October 26, 2005, the Eugene City Council voted 5-4 to withdraw the city's support for the project, although the City of Eugene has continued its agreement with ODOT to assume responsibility for maintaining part of the road. The city also owns the property for the parkway that has not yet been transferred to the BLM nature preserve for conservation and restoration.

In July 2006, ODOT withdrew its support of the project, effectively stopping further progress.

Business route
OR 126 Business is a state business route of OR 126 that travels for 6.64 mi through the central districts of Eugene and Springfield. It also forms the westernmost part of McKenzie Highway No. 15 under Oregon's named highways system. At the western terminus of I-105, OR 126 heads west on Sixth Avenue (cosigned with OR 99). From that same terminus, Business OR 126 heads east, also cosigned with OR 99, along Seventh Avenue. This route then proceeds through Eugene's downtown core and turns south at an interchange near the Ferry Street Bridge.

After two blocks, Business OR 126/OR 99 turns east again on East Broadway, which becomes Franklin Boulevard at Alder Street. Franklin Boulevard separates the south shore of the Willamette River from the northern edge of the University of Oregon campus.

Past the university campus and surrounding business district, Business OR 126 and OR 99 split. OR 99 joins southbound I-5, while OR 126 continues eastbound through the community of Glenwood. It then crosses the Willamette River and enters the city of Springfield. Business OR 126 continues east through downtown Springfield, eventually rejoining the main stem of OR 126 in the Thurston neighborhood of the city's east end.

Major intersections
Note: mileposts do not reflect actual mileage due to realignments.

title: Oregon Route 126


text:
The Man from Another Place

The Man from Another Place (played by Michael J. Anderson), also known as The Arm, is a character from the television series Twin Peaks, created by David Lynch and Mark Frost. He is an inhabitant of the Black Lodge, a realm of pure evil. He was created from MIKE's severed left arm. Early on in the series, The Man gives Agent Dale Cooper clues to apprehending The Man's nemesis, BOB. He later makes recurring appearances in relation to the Black Lodge.

Twin Peaks (1990–1991)
The Man from Another Place first appears in the series' third episode, in a dream experienced by Cooper. Although a spirit, he appears to Cooper as a dwarf in a red suit and dress shirt. In the dream, The Man gives Cooper a series of cryptic clues, which ultimately prove helpful in determining the identity of Laura Palmer's killer, The Man's fellow Black Lodge spirit, BOB. One of these clues is a strange 1940s-style jazz dance, a sequence that makes repeated appearances throughout the course of the series. The series never made clear The Man's reasons for wanting to help Cooper, or his true identity.

Following Cooper's dream, The Man appears only a few more times: once with BOB, appearing to Cooper following the death of Josie Packard, and again at the end of the series when Cooper ventures into the Black Lodge.

Fire Walk with Me (1992)
The film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me expands upon The Man from Another Place's identity and his reasons for wanting to help Cooper. It explains that The Man from Another Place is connected to MIKE, the faceless spirit entity who possesses Philip Gerard, the "One Armed Man". The script explicitly states that the Man from Another Place is, in fact, MIKE's severed arm. In the series, the one-armed Gerard tells Cooper a story about having been BOB's partner until he cut off his own arm in an effort to relieve himself of a tattoo on the left shoulder that BOB also had. In Fire Walk With Me, The Man from Another Place tells Cooper, "I am the Arm, and I sound like this." He then makes a whooping noise with his hand and mouth. Later, a similar-sounding siren accompanies the first appearance of Gerard. At the climax of the film, BOB enters the Black Lodge and stands beside his host, Leland Palmer. The Man From Another Place also appears, standing beside Philip Gerard. At one point The Man From Another Place puts his hand on Gerard's shoulder, linking the Arm with its owner and making MIKE whole. The Man from Another Place and MIKE then speak in unison to BOB, stating "I want all my garmonbozia" ("pain and sorrow", collected from victims and consumed in the Black Lodge). BOB then removes blood from Leland’s shirt and throws it to the ground. The Man from Another Place is then seen slowly eating creamed corn, interspersed with close-up night vision footage of a monkey staring into the camera, which appears to be the same type of monkey as was earlier shown behind a mask of the type worn by other Lodge spirits (Mrs. Tremond's grandson and the "Jumping Man").

Twin Peaks: The Return (2017)
Attempts to bring Anderson back for the third season broke down over compensation. Instead the character appears as a talking luminescent tree, introduced as "the evolution of the arm". When asked whether the organic mass atop the tree was "a talking brain, pituitary gland, or neuron", Lynch replied, "It's just a head." In the second episode, the tree warns Cooper about its doppelgänger, who appears and attacks Cooper, causing him to fall through the floor of the Black Lodge. In the seventh episode, Cooper has a helpful vision of the tree in plain daylight, while he attempts to disarm a criminal.

Reverse speech
The strange cadence of the Man's dialogue was achieved by having Anderson speak into a recorder. This was then played in reverse, and Anderson was directed to repeat the reversed original. This "reverse-speech" was then reversed again in editing to bring it back to the normal direction, a technique called phonetic reversal. This created the strange rhythm and accentuation that set Cooper's dream world apart from the real world.

Anderson recalls that the phonetic reversal was not difficult to master as, coincidentally, he had used it as a secret language with his junior high school friends. Series creator David Lynch was unaware of this when he cast Anderson in the part, and had hired a trainer to help Anderson with enunciation. When he found out Anderson could already talk backwards, he cancelled the trainer and wrote more difficult lines of dialogue for Anderson to read.

title: The Man from Another Place


text:
Abutilon × hybridum

Abutilon × hybridum is a species name used for a wide variety of different types flowering plants of uncertain origin in the genus Abutilon. Because of the uncertainty surrounding the name, they are often considered a cultivar group: Abutilon x Hybridum Group or Abutilon Hybridum Group. They are cultigens, not occurring in the wild. As with the larger genus Abutilon generally, they have been referred to by the common names Chinese lantern, and parlour maple.

Description
No reliable source has settled the question of parentage for these plants, and they have been variously said to perhaps derive from the species Abutilon theophrasti, A. striatum, A. darwinii, A. pictum, or any of the South American species.

Descriptions vary widely; some sources have described them as short as "1 to 2 ½' tall", while others list them as reaching 15' in height.

title: Abutilon × hybridum


text:
Talk:Askold and Dir

Old talk
An anonymous user has tried to Ukrainize the names in this article. Since this is the English language Wikipedia, the names should be in their conventional English forms.--Wiglaf 08:40, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Óskyldr doesn't mean "strange", but "unrelatet", so óskyldr Dyri would mean "unrelated to Dyr" Síðhǫttr 23:18, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

Askola and Tiera
In 865 Askold and Dir (Russian version) / Höskuldr and Dyri (Scandinanavian version) tried to settle at Kvenugard (Kainuunlinna = [Wooden] Castle of Kvenu), also known as Sambatas, but they failed. Then they attacked with many ships against Miklagard (Constantinople) but, again, with bad luck. In Finnish history these two names are given Askola and Tiera, both of Finnish Kainuunmaa (Cvenland / Kvenuland), and recorded under title Kainuulaiset kauppasoturit ie. Armed Merchants from Kainuu (Kvenu). Look also the name given for Kiova by Byzantine Parfume born Emperor Constantine (Porphyrogenitus); Kioava and Sambatas. Sambatas might have been the name for Kvenulinna given by Finno Ugric Permian branch Viatsit (Russian: Vjatitsis), also known as Budin Votjakis (Otjakis) by the Russians, which lived by that time between Dinjeper (Dnieper) and Oka. Sambatas can be derived from Sampotaus or Samposanti from Proto Perma language. Compare with mythic Kalevala´s Sampola (Place of the Richness).

Henrikki Lättiläinen (Henrici the Lettus) in his Liiviinmaan Kronikka (Livonian Chronicle) used name Kywa for Kiev just by the time (1217) prior the Mongol attack against Kiova in 1240 and Iohn de Plano Carpini in 1245 after the Mongol destruction of Kiova name Kiouw. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.112.89.105 (talk) 04:21, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

MILHIST B-class checklist
This article needs additional sourcing, as well as some structure. Other than that, it seems to be in fairly decent shape. Parsecboy (talk) 21:12, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

Book of Veles
This is not a real chronicle. No serious professional historian would accept it as legitimate source, since it is almost certainly a forgery constructed in the 20th century. It should actually be removed completely from the introduction, if not the article. The only reason I have not done that is so that readers can look at the scholarly reference I provided. Until someone can cite something more authoritative than the website of a Ukrainian newspaper, the article should make it clear that the so-called 'chronicle' is a forgery that is not taken seriously by any but the most fringe 'historians'. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.67.115.253 (talk) 22:08, 20 June 2011 (UTC)

Ragnarsona þattr - reference check?
The article makes the claim that "According to the Tale of Ragnar's Sons, Askold was the son of Hvitserk, and the grandson of Ragnar Lodbrok".

However, my most commonly perused copy of Ragnarsona þattr, http://www.germanicmythology.com/FORNALDARSAGAS/ThattrRagnarsSonar.html, bears no mention of Askold, or indeed any son of Hvitserk.

Can someone point to the reference that was used for this claim? --Alvestrand (talk) 20:49, 25 May 2015 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure that the online translation you've pointed to is the definitive version, or an abbreviated version, but there is certainly no mention of any of Hvitserk's progeny. I've added a 'citation needed' template for that claim for the moment. If it can't be confirmed via other sources, it breaks any connection between the 'Tale' any the Askold and Dir myth. --Iryna Harpy (talk) 04:36, 26 May 2015 (UTC)

Russian wiki of thsi article is ready to be translated via google traductor or otherwise.A mention of the "conversion of Askold" is necessary. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2800:200:F410:1CB3:20E3:E69B:B117:1D0A (talk) 20:39, 30 March 2021 (UTC)

A "Norse" perspective
I don't really know where to start. The article mentions two theories about "Askold" that seem way out there to me.

Claiming that the name is a misunderstanding seems farfetched since "Askold" really seems to be derived from a Norse name. "Óskyldr Dýri" does not make grammatical sense. You would say "óskyldr Dýra".

I have not found a single connection between Björn, the son of Ragnar, and "Askold". I find no mention of a "Ásleikur/Áslákur Bjarnarson/Björnsson". This claim is repeated elsewhere on Wikipedia as coming from The Saga of Erik the Red but I see nothing there.

--Óli Gneisti (talk) 18:46, 22 February 2022 (UTC)

 * East European articles are the darker side of Wikipedia. Don't expect too much from articles like this one.--Berig (talk) 19:04, 22 February 2022 (UTC)

 * I simply removed the parts I mentioned. I would be very happy if someone could find reliable sources though I doubt they exist.
 * Óli Gneisti (talk) 10:09, 10 March 2022 (UTC)

 * I looked up both the Nikon Chronicle and the Primary Chronicle and edited the section covered by the latter. I removed a supposed alternate spelling from the Nikon Chronicle since a) this seems to be a simple difference in transliteration and b) my copy did not use this spelling.
 * This still needs work. I might try to summarize the Nikon Chronicle version of events in the future. But this is of course a much later and less trusted source.
 * Óli Gneisti (talk) 17:43, 11 March 2022 (UTC)

Not of princely stock
This seems like propaganda by Oleg's supporters, rather than historical facts. This should be noted. 2A00:23C7:5882:8201:2D49:3489:5E4F:4B9 (talk) 22:00, 16 May 2023 (UTC)

 * We don't know. The NPL identifies Igor as the knyaz ("prince") of Kiev after they kill Askold and Dir, rather than Oleg, who is called a voevoda ("commander").
 * But:
 * PVL chronology 18:10–12 identifies Oleg as Ольгова, Русьскаго кънязя Olĭgova, Rusĭskago k"nyaza "Oleg, prince of Rus'".
 * PVL narrative 23:14–16 has Oleg self-identify as роду къняжа rodu k"nyaza "of princely stock/lineage".
 * PVL narrative 23:22–23 narrates that сѣде ѡлегъ кнѧжа въ киевѣ sûde ooleg" knyaza v" kyevû "And Oleg sat down, reigning as prince in Kyevû"
 * PVL narrative 33:4 identifies Oleg as отъ Ольга, великаго кънязя Русьскаго ot" Olĭga, velikago k"nyazya Rusĭskago "by/from Oleg, grand/great prince of Rus'".
 * These seem to indicate that Oleg reigned as prince suo jure ("in his own right"), rather than as a regent over Igor. Whether that is what the original text said (especially because the NPL contradicts it) is another question. Cheers, Nederlandse Leeuw (talk) 12:17, 17 May 2023 (UTC)
 * I hypothesize that if Askold and Dir were indeed of "princely" (i.e. Rurikid) stock, they were most likely younger brothers of Rurik as they clearly can't be sons of Rurik (Rurik's son and successor Igor was 1 year old at the time of Rurik's death (born 878) and couldn't have had any elder brothers, otherwise they would have inherited) and it is also unlikely that they would be sons of either of Rurik's two known younger brothers Sineus or Truvor (it is possible but unlikely that the children of a younger brother will be older that the children of an older brother). As for the regent vs prince debate, I think that Oleg was made regent for Igor, killed Askold and Dir in 882 (making himself prince of Kiev) before then declaring himself prince of Novgorod in 888. 2A00:23C7:5882:8201:98F7:211E:7B21:8B56 (talk) 21:15, 10 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Askold and Dir


text:
User talk:Timichio

Hi Timichio, and welcome to Wikipedia.

Thankyou for finding the time to sign up and contribute to our little project. If you're in doubt about anything, you might want to check out some of these pages:

 * Welcome, newcomers - a general introduction, and a good starting point
 * The help centre and FAQs
 * The Manual of Style - a guide to the community's writing conventions

It's also a good idea to sign the new user log and add a little about yourself.

When contributing to a talk page, you can sign your name by typing four tildes after your comments, like this: ~. (Just so you know, some people won't pay attention to unsigned comments).

If you have any questions, don't hesitate to ask me at my talk page, or at the Help desk or Village Pump.

Above all, make sure you be bold when contributing, and have fun!

– T.P.K. 08:44, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Timichio


text:
Manhunt (2004 TV series)

Manhunt: The Search For America's Most Gorgeous Male Model is an American reality television series broadcast by Bravo. The series premiered on October 11, 2004, while its eighth and final episode aired on November 30, 2004. Filmed in Los Angeles, California, the series depicted a competition among thirty men were required to travel around the United States and compete against one another in a variety of challenges. American model Carmen Electra hosted the series.

Guest judges including former male supermodel Bruce Hulse, model Marisa Miller, former model now Photographer Director Kimberly Metz, STUFF Magazine editor Courtney Kendall. Jon Jonsson was the winner of this competition, receiving a four-year contract with IMG Models worth $100,000.

Models
(ages stated are at start of contest)

Semi-finalists

Finalists

John Stallings
John Stallings is an openly gay American model. He has appeared on The Janice Dickinson Modeling Agency, having been selected as a model by Janice Dickinson for her eponymous agency.

Paulo Rodriguez
Paulo Rodriguez was eliminated because the judges saw him more as an acting character than a high fashion model.

Kevin Peake
Actor and model. As 2003 Mr. USA, Kevin Peake represented the US in the International Male Modeling Competition which he placed 2nd runner up over all. At 18 yrs old, he was one of the finalists on ABC's Are You Hot?.

Matt Lanter
Now an actor and model. Later, he appeared in the American television series 90210 as Liam Court, originally a recurring character but now a lead role. Starred in the TV series Star Wars: The Clone Wars, along with its film of the same name. Also starring in NBC's Timeless.

Photo shoot guide

 * Episode 1 photo shoot: Topless in jeans; Group shot with Carmen Electra (casting)
 * Episode 2 photo shoot: Late night rooftop with Marisa Miller
 * Episode 3 photo shoot: Gender bender
 * Episode 4 photo shoot: Advertising shoot with random products
 * Episode 5 photo shoots: Secret paparazzi; B&W emotion in suit
 * Episode 6 photo shoots: Swimsuit calendar; Runway on the pool
 * Episode 7 photo shoot: Rainforest editorial
 * Episode 8 photo shoots: B&W Nude

title: Manhunt (2004 TV series)


text:
George Pomutz

George Pomutz (in Romanian: Gheorghe Pomuț, in Hungarian: Pomucz György or Pomutz György; May 31, 1818 – October 12, 1882) was a Romanian-American officer during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 against the Habsburgs, a general in the Union Army in the American Civil War, a lawyer, and a diplomat.

Early life
George Pomutz was born in the Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire, in the town of Gyula (Romanian: Giula), Békés county, to ethnic Romanian orthodox parents Ioan (son of Dica, metalsmith) and Victoria, the family originally from Négyfalu (Săcele, Siebendörfer), near Brassó (Brașov, Kronstadt) in Transylvania, settling in Gyula during the second half of the 18th century. His baptism record was registered under no. 63 at the Romanian orthodox church Sfântul Nicolae, located in Miklosvaros (Nagy román város / Big Romanian town), situated in the NE part of Gyula; it also notes that a copy of this document was solicited and obtained from the church on June 27, 1857. He received his primary and secondary education in Hungary, followed by the Military Academy in Vienna and Military Academy Saint Etienne (France). He spoke about 5-6 language and later specialized in France where he became a royal prosecutor. He served as a captain in the failed Hungarian Revolution of 1848. Afterwards, in 1849, he emigrated to the United States; arriving in New York on February 24, 1850, alongside 20 acquaintances. The group of immigrants, Romanians and Hungarians, settled around the town of Keokuk, Iowa, founding a settlement named New Buda located south of the town of Burlington. George Pomutz became a U.S. citizen on March 15, 1855. He purchased land and a mining concession, the 1860 U.S. Census finding him living in Decatur, Iowa.

Civil War
At the beginning of the Civil War, Pomutz enrolled in the Union Army as a first lieutenant in the 15th Iowa Infantry Regiment. He was wounded at the Battle of Shiloh. In May 1864, after Pomutz had commanded the provisional Iowa Battalion, Maj. Gen. Francis P. Blair appointed Pomutz as Provost Marshal of his XVII Corps. In August 1864, Pomutz returned to the 15th Iowa Infantry, which he commanded in the Battle of Atlanta.

On May 4, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Pomutz for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on May 18, 1866.

Postbellum career
After the end of the Civil War, Pomutz returned to Keokuk. On February 16, 1866, he was appointed Consul of the United States in Saint Petersburg, Imperial Russia, serving in that capacity until September 30, 1870. During that period, he was involved in the negotiations for the Alaska Purchase. Later he became the American consul general in Saint Petersburg, serving from June 17, 1874, until his death there, in 1882. He was buried in Smolensky Cemetery, Saint Petersburg, Russia but his grave seems to have disappeared, possibly after the re-purposing of cemetery lands by the Bolsheviks, after the 1917 Russian Revolution.

Legacy
The Liberty ship SS George Pomutz was named after him. Launched August 3, 1944, the ship served till 1970.

On August 14, 2004, a statue of Pomutz was unveiled at the Dormition of the Theotokos Cathedral in Cleveland, Ohio.

A street in Timișoara, Romania bears his name.

Quotation
From the address by Emil Constantinescu, President of Romania, at a Joint Meeting of the United States Congress, July 15, 1998:

"I would like to close with a true story. One hundred and fifty years ago, a young Romanian who had fought for freedom in the 1848 revolution, emigrated to America. His name was George Pomutz, which in Romanian means 'little tree.' Once on American soil, he volunteered for Lincoln's Army and fought in some of the key battles of the Civil War including Vicksburg and Atlanta. Our 'little tree' went on to become a general in your army and later an American diplomat, serving in Russia where he helped negotiate the American purchase of Alaska. In 1944, long after his death, the Romanian community in the United States donated money to build a battleship, named for Romanian-American General George Pomutz. The ship named for the 'little tree' served in peace and war, always a symbol of strength and vigilance."

title: George Pomutz