text:
The Other Side

The Other Side, Other Side, or Otherside may refer to:

Films

 * The Other Side (1931 film), a German film directed by Heinz Paul
 * The Other Side a 1999 film by director Peter Flinth
 * The Other Side (2000 film), a Spanish drama film
 * The Other Side (2006 film), an action-horror film directed by Gregg Bishop
 * The Other Side, a 2010 short film starring Abigail Mavity
 * The Other Side (2012 film), a short film directed by Muhammad Danish Qasim
 * The Other Side (2015 film), a French-Italian documentary film on Louisiana, U.S.
 * Ferocious Planet or The Other Side, a 2011 science fiction TV movie
 * Falsafa: The Other Side, a 2019 Indian film
 * Poltergeist II: The Other Side, a 1986 horror film

Television and radio series

 * The Other Side with Steve Godfrey, an American radio show
 * The Other Side, a 1992 UK one-off TV drama written by David Ashton
 * The Other Side, a 1994-95 American show on the NBC Daytime schedule

Television episodes

 * "The Other Side" (Grimm)
 * "The Other Side" (The Handmaid's Tale)
 * "The Other Side" (Hercules: The Legendary Journeys)
 * "The Other Side" (The Outer Limits)
 * "The Other Side" (Stargate SG-1)
 * "The Other Side" (The Walking Dead)

Literature

 * The Other Side (comics), a Vertigo comic by Jason Aaron and Cameron Stewart
 * The Other Side (novel), a 2013 novel by Faraaz Kazi and Vivek Banerjee
 * The Other Side (play) or The Other Shore, a 1990 play by Gao Xingjian
 * The Other Side (Pike book), a 1968 occult book by Bishop James Pike
 * The Other Side (Woodson book), a 2001 children's book by Jacqueline Woodson
 * The Other Side: The Secret Relationship Between Nazism and Zionism, a 1984 book by Mahmoud Abbas
 * The Other Side (El Otro Lado), a 1995 poetry collection by Julia Álvarez
 * The Other Side (Die andere Seite), a 1908 fantastic novel by Alfred Kubin

Albums

 * The Other Side (1927 album), 1990
 * The Other Side (Alastis album), 1996
 * The Other Side (Billy Ray Cyrus album), 2003
 * The Otherside (album) by Cam, 2020
 * The Other Side (Charlie Major album), 1993
 * The Other Side (Chris Hillman album), 2005
 * The Other Side (Chuck Brown and Eva Cassidy album), 1992
 * The Other Side (Farmer Boys album), 2004
 * The Other Side (Gary Jenkins album), 2007
 * The Other Side (Gothminister album), 2017
 * The Other Side (Lucy Diakovska album), 2005
 * The Other Side (Lynden David Hall album), 2000
 * Otherside (Oliver Lake album), 1988
 * The Other Side (The Outhere Brothers album), 1998
 * The Other Side (Sarah Geronimo album), 2005
 * The Other Side (T Bone Burnett album), 2024
 * The Other Side (Tonight Alive album), 2013
 * The Other Side (Tord Gustavsen album), 2018
 * The Other Side (Wynonna Judd album), 1997
 * The Other Side, by Martha Byrne, 2006
 * The Other Side - The Best of Dexter Freebish, by Dexter Freebish, 2009
 * The Other Side, by Nektar, 2020

EPs

 * The Other Side (Godsmack EP), 2004
 * The Other Side (Kate Voegele EP), 2003
 * The Other Side (Nina Sky EP), 2010

Songs

 * "The Other Side" (Aerosmith song), 1989
 * "The Other Side" (Charlie Major song), 1994
 * "The Other Side" (David Gray song), 2002
 * "The Other Side" (Jason Derulo song), 2013
 * "The Other Side" (Paul van Dyk song), 2005
 * "The Other Side" (Pendulum song), 2008
 * "The Other Side" (SZA and Justin Timberlake song), 2020
 * "Otherside", by the Red Hot Chili Peppers, 2000
 * "The Other Side", by Afro Celt Sound System from Seed, 2003
 * "The Other Side", by Alana Grace from Break the Silence, 2007
 * "The Other Side", by Aleksander Denstad With, 2006
 * "The Other Side", by Alter Bridge from The Last Hero, 2016
 * "The Other Side", by Annihilator from Annihilator, 2010
 * "Otherside", by Beyoncé from The Lion King: The Gift, 2019
 * "Other Side", by Blink-182 from One More Time..., 2023
 * "The Otherside", by Breaks Co-Op from The Sound Inside, 2005
 * "The Other Side", by Bruno Mars from It's Better If You Don't Understand, 2010
 * "The Otherside", by Bubba Sparxxx from The Charm, 2006
 * "The Other Side", by Clannad from Banba, 1994
 * "The Other Side", by Colton Dixon, 2017
 * "The Other Side", by Conan Gray, 2016/2019
 * "The Other Side", by the Dismemberment Plan from Change, 2001
 * "The Other Side", by Evanescence from Evanescence, 2011
 * "The Other Side", by Fey from Vértigo, 2002
 * "The Other Side", by From First to Last from From First to Last, 2008
 * "Other Side", by (hed)p.e. from Blackout, 2003
 * "The Other Side", by Hugh Jackman and Zac Efron from The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, 2017
 * "The Other Side", by James Marriott from Are We There Yet?, 2023
 * "The Other Side", by Lauren Alaina, 2019
 * "Otherside", by Lena Raine from Minecraft: Caves & Cliffs, 2021
 * "Otherside", by Macklemore & Ryan Lewis, 2009
 * "The Other Side", by Matt Brouwer from Where's Our Revolution, 2009
 * "The Other Side", by Mike Oldfield from Music of the Spheres, 2008
 * "The Other Side", by Nebula from Heavy Psych, 2009
 * "Other Side", by Pearl Jam, a B-side from the single "Save You", 2003
 * "Otherside", by Perfume Genius from No Shape, 2017
 * "The Other Side", by Public Service Broadcasting from The Race for Space, 2015
 * "Other Side", by Rancid from Indestructible, 2003
 * "The Otherside", by Red Sun Rising from Polyester Zeal, 2015
 * "The Other Side", by Richard Marx from My Own Best Enemy, 2004
 * "The OtherSide", by the Roots from Undun, 2011
 * "Other Side", by the Scissor Sisters from Ta-Dah, 2006
 * "The Other Side", by Sirenia from Nine Destinies and a Downfall, 2007
 * "The Other Side", by Sloan from Parallel Play, 2008
 * "The Other Side", by Tiny Tim from God Bless Tiny Tim, 1968
 * "The Other Side", by Toto from Kingdom of Desire, 1992
 * "The Other Side", by Whitechapel from The Valley, 2019
 * "Other Side", by Zachariah Selwyn

Performers

 * The Other Side, a 1960s American band featuring Boz Scaggs and Mac MacLeod

Religion

 * Qlippoth, also known as the Other Side, are representations of evil in Jewish mysticism

title: The Other Side


text:
Southern Lord Records

Southern Lord is an American heavy metal record label that was founded in 1998 by Greg Anderson. It initially specialized in experimental metal: particularly doom metal, stoner rock, and drone metal. The label later expanded its line-up to include artists from black metal, hardcore punk and crust punk bands.

History
Before co-founding their own record label Greg Anderson and Stephen O'Malley were friends and bandmates in Thorr's Hammer and Burning Witch. The pair formed a new band named Sunn O))) in 1998 and moved to Los Angeles. They started Southern Lord as a way to have control over the releases of their own recordings.

Southern Lord's first release was the CD version (previously released as a cassette) of Thorr’s Hammer‘s Dommedagsnatt-- a doom/death metal album with Norwegian lyrics. The second release was: Burning Witch‘s Crippled Lucifer-- a compilation CD of the band's first two EPs.

Southern Lord released material by Anderson and O'Malley's latest band, Sunn O))) in 2002. Sunn O))) was later reviewed several times by Ben Ratliff of The New York Times.

The label's roster continued to grow with notable doom releases such as Warhorse's As Heaven Turns to Ash, Place of Skulls Nailed and With Vision, as well as albums from Anderson's band Goatsnake. It also expanded its musical palate releasing music by: Darkest Hour, Orcustus, and Dave Grohl‘s side project Probot.

The band Earth joined the Southern Lord family in 2005—continuing Southern Lord's involvement in drone and doom music.

Releases from Earth, Sunn O))) (including the heavily lauded Monoliths & Dimensions), and a series of Boris 7″s to go along with the album Smile took place at the end of the decade.

Current
• A Storm of Light

• Agrimonia

• All Pigs Must Die

• Baptists

• BL'AST

• Black Breath

• Black Cobra

• Burning Love

• Burning Witch

• Darkest Hour

• Eagle Twin

• Earth

• Excel

• Goatsnake

• High Command

• High on Fire

• Jesus Piece

• Loincloth

• Pelican

• Poison Idea

• Power Trip

• Ruin

• Sunn O)))

• Today Is the Day

• Unsane

• Wolfbrigade

• Xibalba

Former
• The Accüsed

• Attila Csihar

• Boris

• Capricorns

• Church of Misery

• Clown Alley

• Corrosion of Conformity

• Craft

• Early Graves

• Earthride

• Electric Wizard

• Final Warning

• From Ashes Rise

• Gore

• Grief

• Graves at Sea

• The Hidden Hand

• Internal Void

• Khanate

• Lair of the Minotaur

• Nachtmystium

• Nails

• Mondo Generator

• Nortt

• Nuclear Death

• The Obsessed

• Off!

• Om

• Orcustus

• Oren Ambarchi

• Outlaw Order

• Pentagram

• Place of Skulls

• Probot

• Saint Vitus

• Sleep

• Striborg

• Teeth of Lions Rule the Divine

• Thorr's Hammer

• Thou

• Thrones

• Trap Them

• Twilight

• The Want

• Warhorse

• Weedeater

• Wino

• Winter

• Wolves in the Throne Room

• Xasthur

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Southern Lord Records


text:
TPS report

A TPS report ("test procedure specification") is a document used by a quality assurance group or individual, particularly in software engineering, that describes the testing procedures and the testing process.

Definition
The official definition and creation is provided by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) as follows: "IEEE 829 – Test Procedure Specification The Test Procedures are developed from both the Test Design and the Test Case Specification. The document describes how the tester will physically run the test, the physical set-up required, and the procedure steps that need to be followed. The standard defines ten procedure steps that may be applied when running a test."

Office Space
Its use in popular culture increased after the comedic 1999 film Office Space. In the movie, multiple managers and coworkers inquire about an error that protagonist Peter Gibbons (played by Ron Livingston) makes in omitting a cover sheet to send with his "TPS reports". It is used by Gibbons as an example that he has eight different bosses to whom he directly reports. According to the film's writer and director Mike Judge, the abbreviation stood for "Test Program Set" in the movie.

After Office Space, "TPS report" has come to connote pointless, mindless paperwork, and an example of "literacy practices" in the work environment that are "meaningless exercises imposed upon employees by an inept and uncaring management" and "relentlessly mundane and enervating".

Other references and allusions

 * In King of the Hill (also produced by Mike Judge), Kahn is being chewed out, then remarks to his boss "No sir, I filed my TPS report yesterday."
 * The 2015 puzzle video game Please, Don't Touch Anything featured the question "What is a TPS Report?" as one of many hidden clues that lead to a unique ending.
 * In Lost season 1, episode 4, John Locke's boss says "Locke, I told you I need those TPS reports done by noon today."
 * In Ralph Breaks the Internet, a TPS report is visibly hanging in one of the accounting department cubicles during Ralph's viral video montage. While Test Procedure Specification reports are not functionally relevant within accounting, this usage shows how the term has grown to symbolize all kinds of meaningless memoranda.
 * In Borderlands 2, a legendary weapon is named the "Actualizer" with a flavor text description of "We need to talk about your DPS reports", parodying the corporate term by replacing it with the common gaming abbreviation for "Damage Per Second".
 * In The Mandalorian, TPS reports are mentioned in the episode "Chapter 15: The Believer" as work to do by the character Migs Mayfeld when attempting to avoid an imperial officer, in a reference to Office Space.
 * The TV series The Family Man features a scene in series 2, episode 1 in which the manager of the protagonist asks him to "start thinking about your TPS reports!", in amongst other apparent references to Office Space.
 * In the NCIS episode "Starting Over", Gary Cole's Agent Parker mentions his least favorite paperwork being TPS reports. When McGee corrects him telling him they're "TBS reports", he says, "Ah, old habits, weird", then takes a sip of coffee, paying homage to his Office Space character, Bill Lumbergh.
 * In Season 4, Episode 10 ("High") of Rescue Me, Janet Gavin starts a new job and hands off a TPS report at the beginning of the scene.
 * In the Terry Tate: Office Linebacker, Terry Tate yells, "You know you need a coversheet on your TPS reports Richard!"
 * In Season 2, during the first segment of the 28th Episode of Puppy Dog Pals titled "Take Your Dog To Work Day", while Bingo and Rolly are playing office, Bingo says "One sec Rolly, these TPS reports aren't gonna fix themselves."
 * In Doom 2016, some control consoles in early levels reference TPS Reports.
 * Early in Black Mesa, protagonist Gordon Freeman encounters two scientists discussing TPS reports.

title: TPS report


text:
Wednesdays in Mississippi

Wednesdays in Mississippi was an activist group during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States during the 1960s. Northern women of different races and faiths traveled to Mississippi to develop relationships with their southern peers and to create bridges of understanding across regional, racial, and class lines. By opening communications across societal boundaries, Wednesday’s Women sought to end violence and to cushion the transition towards racial integration.

Background
In the spring of 1964 Dorothy I. Height, President of the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW), working with NCNW volunteer Polly Spiegel Cowan, came up with the idea of sending weekly teams of northern women to Mississippi.

The teams were interracial and interfaith. They would leave for Mississippi on a Tuesday and return on a Thursday. They were there all day on Wednesday, the program was known as "Wednesdays in Mississippi." Competent, well connected, and educated, these women worked with Freedom Summer and the Freedom Schools.

In 1964, Height and Cowan brought Doris Wilson and Susie Goodwillie into Wednesdays in Mississippi to direct the project from Jackson, Mississippi.

The black women from the north visited with black women from the south; the white women from the north reached out to white women in the south. The women from the north went home with a fresh commitment to social and racial justice. In 1965 they came again, this time on a more professional level, speaking teacher to teacher and social worker to social worker.

In 1966 Wednesdays in Mississippi became Workshops in Mississippi, an ongoing effort to help black women and families, and poor white women and families, achieve economic self-betterment.

In 2020, the National Trust for Historic Preservation named the Sun'n'Sands Motel in Jackson as one of America's most endangered historic places, because of its connection to the Wednesdays in Mississippi movement.

Goals
The women of Wednesdays in Mississippi had many goals:
 * racial justice;
 * inter-racial, inter-regional, and inter-faith communications;
 * working across racial and religious boundaries, opening the closed society of Mississippi;
 * supporting the freedom schools and voter registration;
 * helping poor women in Mississippi learn how to help themselves, how to achieve economic self-sufficiency. They taught poor women how to survive in a society where the cotton economy had collapsed for poor tenants and laborers, and where a viable new economic structure not yet developed;
 * and expanding the horizons and commitments of the northern women.

Collections
Archival records related to Wednesdays in Mississippi reside at the Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia as well as at the National Archives for Black Women's History.

title: Wednesdays in Mississippi


text:
Deerfield Township, Warren County, Ohio

Deerfield Township is one of the eleven townships of Warren County, Ohio, United States. The township is located in the southwest corner of the county and is part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area. The population was 40,525 as of the 2020 census.

History
One of the original four townships of Warren County, Deerfield Township was organized on May 10, 1803. The township was named for mineral licks within its borders which attract deer.

Geography
Located in the southwestern corner of the county, it borders the following townships:
 * Turtlecreek Township - north
 * Union Township - northeast
 * Hamilton Township - east
 * Symmes Township, Hamilton County - south
 * Sycamore Township, Hamilton County - southwest
 * West Chester Township, Butler County - west
 * Liberty Township, Butler County - northwest

Communities within the township include Kings Mills, Snidercrest, Fosters, Socialville, Twenty Mile Stand, Loveland Park, Landen

Government
The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

Education
Most of the township is in the Mason City and Kings Local school districts, but the extreme southwest corner of the township is in the Princeton City School District.

title: Deerfield Township, Warren County, Ohio


text:
John Metcalf (civil engineer)

John Metcalf (15 August 1717 – 26 April 1810), known as Blind Jack of Knaresborough or Blind Jack Metcalf, was the first professional road builder to emerge during the Industrial Revolution. Blind from the age of six, Metcalf had an eventful life, which was documented by his own account just before his death. He was an accomplished diver, swimmer, card player and fiddler, but was better known for the period between 1765 and 1792 when he built about 180 mi of turnpike road, mainly in the north of England and as such, he became known as one of the fathers of the modern road.

His work on the roads in the north has been commemorated in a pub named after him, a statue in Knaresborough town centre and part of the A658 in Harrogate being named John Metcalf Way.

Early life
Metcalf was born into a poor family in Knaresborough in Yorkshire, England on 15 August 1717. His father was a horse breeder. At the age of six John lost his sight after a smallpox infection; he was given fiddle lessons as a way of making provision for him to earn a living later in life. He became an accomplished fiddler and made it his livelihood in his early adult years. In 1732, aged 15, Metcalf succeeded Morrison as fiddler at the Queen's Head, a tavern in Harrogate. Morrison had played there for 70 years. Metcalf had an affinity for horses and added to his living with horse trading. Though blind, he took up swimming and diving, fighting cocks, playing cards, riding and even hunting. He knew his local area so well he was paid to work as a guide to visitors.

When he was 20, Metcalf met Dorothy Benson, the daughter of the landlord of the Granby Inn in Harrogate. When he was aged 21 he met another woman and made her pregnant; Dorothy begged him not to marry her and Jack fled. He spent some time living at places on the North Sea coast between Newcastle and London, and lodged with his aunt in Whitby. He continued to work as a fiddler. When he heard Dorothy was to be married to a shoemaker, he returned and they fled so they could get married in secret. They married and had four children. Dorothy died in 1778.

His fiddle playing gave him social connections and a patron, Colonel Liddell, Member of Parliament for Berwick-on-Tweed. In a much-repeated story, in 1739 the colonel and Metcalf had a wager of 10 guineas as to who could travel the 207 mi from London to Harrogate first; Jack on foot or the colonel in his coach. Jack took five and half days, and arrived first, despite his blindness, the state of the roads having slowed the colonel.

During the Jacobite rising of 1745 Metcalf's connections got him the job of assistant to the royal recruiting sergeant in the Knaresborough area. He accompanied the army to Scotland where he did not experience action but was employed moving guns over boggy ground. He was captured but released. He used his Scottish experience to import Aberdeen stockings to England.

Career
Before army service, Metcalf worked as a carrier using a four-wheeled chaise and a one-horse chair on local trips. When competition cut into the business he switched to carrying fish from the coast to Leeds and Manchester. After 1745 he bought a stone wagon and worked it between York and Knaresborough. By 1754 his business had grown to a stagecoach line. He drove the coach himself, making two trips a week during the summer and one in the winter months.

Road builder
In 1765 Parliament passed an act authorising turnpike trusts to build toll roads in the Knaresborough area. There were few people with road-building experience and Metcalf seized the opportunity, building on his practical experience as a carrier.

He won a contract to build a three-mile (5 km) section of road between Minskip and Ferrensby on the road from Harrogate to Boroughbridge. He explored the section of countryside alone and worked out the most practical route.

Metcalf built roads in Lancashire, Derbyshire, Cheshire and Yorkshire, including roads between:

 * Knaresborough and Wetherby
 * Wakefield, Huddersfield and Saddleworth (via the Standedge pass)
 * Bury and Blackburn with a branch to Accrington
 * Skipton, Colne and Burnley

Metcalf believed a good road should have good foundations, be well drained and have a smooth convex surface to allow rainwater to drain quickly into ditches at the side. He understood the importance of good drainage, knowing it was rain that caused most problems. He worked out a way to build a road across a bog using a series of rafts made from ling (a type of heather) and furze (gorse) tied in bundles as foundations. It established his reputation as a road builder because other engineers believed it could not be done.

He mastered his trade with his own method of calculating costs and materials, which he could never explain to others, and he became known as one of the fathers of the modern road along with Thomas Telford and John MacAdam.

Later life
Competition from canals cut into his profits and he retired in 1792 to live with a daughter and her husband at Spofforth in Yorkshire. Throughout his career he built 180 mi of road. At 77 he walked to York, where he related a detailed account of his life to a publisher. Blind Jack of Knaresborough died aged 92 on 26 April 1810, at his home in Spofforth where he is buried in the churchyard of All Saints' Church.

Memorials
In 2009 a statue of John Metcalf was placed in the market square in Knaresborough, across from Blind Jack's pub.

On 7 July 2017, the A658, the Harrogate Southern Bypass, was named 'John Metcalf Way'.

Epitaph

His headstone, erected in the churchyard of All Saints' Church, Spofforth, at the cost of Lord Dundas, bears this epitaph:

"Here lies John Metcalf, one whose infant sight

Felt the dark pressure of an endless night;

Yet such the fervour of his dauntless mind,

His limbs full strung, his spirits unconfined,

That, long ere yet life’s bolder years began,

The sightless efforts mark’d th’ aspiring man;

Nor mark’d in vain—high deeds his manhood dared,

And commerce, travel, both his ardour shared.

’Twas his a guide’s unerring aid to lend—

O’er trackless wastes to bid new roads extend;

And, when rebellion reared her giant size,

’Twas his to burn with patriot enterprise;

For parting wife and babes, one pang to feel,

Then welcome danger for his country’s weal.

Reader, like him, exert thy utmost talent given!

Reader, like him, adore the bounteous hand of Heaven."

title: John Metcalf (civil engineer)


text:
John B. McKay

John Barron McKay (December 8, 1922 – April 27, 1975) was an American naval officer, World War II pilot, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and astronaut. He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15, an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the United States Air Force and NASA. On September 28, 1965, he flew the X-15 to an altitude of 295600 ft, thereby qualifying as an astronaut according to the United States definition of the boundary of space. However, this altitude did not surpass the Kármán line as defined by the FAI, the FAI-accepted boundary of 100 km.

On November 9, 1962, McKay was injured when forced to make an emergency landing in the X-15-2, the second of three planes in the X-15 fleet. The craft rolled over, and McKay suffered crushed vertebrae. Subsequently, the damaged plane was refurbished to become the X-15A-2, a modified variant. Although McKay returned to flight as an X-15 pilot, his injuries contributed to an early death. He died on April 27, 1975, aged 52.

Early life and education
Born on December 8, 1922, in Portsmouth, Virginia, to parents Milton Barron McKay (1895–1974) and Wilhelmina Emaline McKay (Dearing; 1885–1970). During World War II he served as a Naval Aviator in the Pacific Theater, earning the Air Medal with two clusters, and a Presidential Unit Citation. He graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1950 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering. He was married and had eight children.

Test pilot
McKay worked for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and its successor, NASA, from February 8, 1951, until October 5, 1971, and specialized in high-speed flight research programs. He began as an NACA intern, but assumed pilot status on July 11, 1952. In addition to the X-15, he flew such experimental aircraft as the D-558-1, D-558-2, X-lB, and the X-lE. He has also served as a research pilot on flight programs involving the F-100, F-102, F-104 and the F-107. In 1958, McKay was selected for and would have participated in the U.S. Air Force's Man In Space Soonest program, had it come to fruition.

McKay wrote several technical papers, and was a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, as well as the Society of Experimental Test Pilots.

Accident
On 9 November 1962, McKay undertook Flight 74 of the X-15 program on the X-15 56-6671 which was the Number-Two X-15 on its 31st flight. The X-15 was attached to its mothership the Boeing NB-52B Stratofortress 53-008, nicknamed Balls 8. McKay's mission was to reach an altitude of 125,000 ft at Mach 5.5 and to fly the aircraft without the lower part of its ventral fin. Further, the mission was to determine the flight response and stability of the aircraft and the characteristics of its flight boundary layer.

The X-15 was released from the Stratofortress on schedule at 45,000 ft over Mud Lake, Nevada at 10:23:07.0 local time with a launch speed of 450 knots. Upon release, McKay was unable to attain the full power of the rocket engine which became stuck at 30% power and unresponsive to throttle control. Due to the lack of throttle response it was decided to make a forced landing at Mud Lake instead of landing at Edwards Air Force Base due to concerns about the reliability of the engine. McKay was at an altitude of 53,950 ft having attained a speed of Mach 1.49 when he started his descent for landing at Mud Lake. The motor was kept operating for 70.5 seconds to burn excess fuel and to reduce weight. The flaps failed to activate during landing and the aircraft speed at touchdown was higher than normal. Due to the excess speed and weight the aircraft experienced failures because of the increased dynamic loading which eventually led to its overturning.

The X-15 airframe rolled and struck the lakebed while inverted. While McKay appeared to suffer no permanent disabilities as a result of the crash, evidence was later found that he had sustained brain damage. Also, while he returned to piloting duties with NASA, recurring severe pain caused by the crash forced his early retirement.

Death
McKay died on April 27, 1975, in Lancaster, California, at the age of 52.

Injuries suffered by McKay in the X-15 crash and subsequent permanent pain were a major factor in his premature death. He also suffered from diabetes and turned to alcohol to numb the pain of his accident injuries. Liver disease was a contributing factor to his death. In 1996, he was inducted into the Aerospace Walk of Honor, and in 2005 he was posthumously awarded Astronaut Wings.

Awards and honors

 * Air Medal (two clusters)
 * Presidential Unit Citation
 * John J. Montgomery Award
 * National Society of Aerospace Professionals
 * Award for Achievement, National Aeronautics Association
 * Virginia Polytechnic Institute's Hall of Fame
 * Aerospace Walk of Honor (1996)

title: John B. McKay


text:
Talk:Hack

Taxi Driving
have sex is harm — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:87:4000:CAA9:48BD:CEEA:57FD:EFCE (talk) 20:11, 3 March 2019 (UTC)

Hey guys. To 'hack' or 'hacking' can also mean driving a taxi for a taxi company, especially when you don't own the taxi. I think this is seperate from hackney carriage, so I put this definition underneath it.

--69.138.61.168 00:37, 29 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, a wikipedia disambig page is different from other wikipedia articles in that it's not a comprehensive article about the word, but an index of articles someone might have been looking for when they typed "hack". The wiktionary link is there to provide all the fine points about meanings and usages.

 * The usual criteria for whether to link an article in a disambig page is whether 1) someone might have been looking for that article by using that term, and 2) whether that article has information related to that term. Re the particular usage you're citing, there's no information in the taxicab article about the distinction between owning your cab and driving someone else's cab.

 * I don't deny that your usage has more complex meaning than merely slang for "hackney carriage", but the information you want to dismabig towards isn't there. If there was a section elaborating on driver-owners and driver-employees, I'd be a lot more comfortable with including the link. As it stands now, however, it feels like we're sending people to taxicab in search of information that isn't there.

 * So... Do you want to begin a section in taxicab about owner-drivers and employee-drivers? ;-)        Sanguinity 04:20, 29 October 2006 (UTC)

Merging
I think that's a spectacularly bad idea. First, there are a number of meanings to "hacking" that don't apply to "hack", and vice versa (e.g. one doesn't normally think of calling the activities of either hack writers or party hacks as hacking; and the action one does when one slashes with a machete isn't a hack), without even getting into things like Hack (television series), not to mention the use of "hack" as a noun ("clever hack") and a verb ("he started to hack because of his flu"). Second, each of these lists is long enough already; joining the two is going to produce a massive mess. We've got enough trouble already with all the subtly different meanings of "hack", "hacker" and "hacking" as they relate to technology (over the spectrium from clever tricks -> unauthorized modifications -> criminal activity), let's not make it worse, huh? Noel (talk) 23:43, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

 * OTOH, there is a fair bit of duplication across the two pages... Graham 00:28, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Absolutely; there's no "perfect" solution. Yes, the duplication is not good, but the disadvantages of a merged page outweigh the disadvantages of the two separate pages. Noel (talk) 19:28, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

 * The best solution, IMHO, is to merge hacking into hack and to contentualize terms that are only used in the form "hacking" and not "hack". -Sean Curtin 00:56, August 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * Hacking, Hacker, and Hack are not all the same thing. Like a book used to steady a table or a gun used to open a door, a hack is a expression of a deep understanding of what is possible and what is not. A hacker has a fierce desire to know more about this, and understands that just because something may be meant for one thing does not mean it can not be used for another. In the computer world these skill sets manifest as the ability to code and build computers from parts, in music they manifest as the ability to restring a guitar or use a reverb to get more base. All things have hackers, just as there is a hack in all things. Tis need to be a point made in each artical, and the idea of a Hacker only being a computer thing needs to be addressed. There are music hackers too you know, and electical hackers, writing hackers. -User:Belgarath_TS

There should be no merge. The idea that hacking is primarily a computer term, is a classic POV of the type which the page WikiProject Countering systemic bias was created to warn against. For those in the horse riding comunity the words hack and hacking have a completly different meaning, using google: --Philip Baird Shearer 10:44, 22 June 2006 (UTC)haki was mast in portent bicose ithical hackin fisr haking invent 1838 the date of haking haking mins
 * about 131,000 English pages for Hacking horse site:uk.
 * about 533,000 English pages for Hacking computer site:uk.

Hack as a 1915 model of the Model T Ford?
I was browsing a site for antique cars and the reference was made for a 1915 Model T "Hack". Well, the reference was NOT for a taxi but rather some sort of flat bed, pickup, closed cab type truck. It may have been some sort of farm vehicle. Is there anyone out there who can clarify what a "hack" is when used in this application? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 56.0.103.25 (talk) 13:07, 13 September 2007 (UTC)
 * If citations can be found, this information would be useful to our readers in another article, which could then be linked to from this disambiguation page. — Lentower (talk) 15:22, 1 August 2014 (UTC)

Colloquial use
i can't decide whether or nor it is appropriate to include the word's colloquial use as a verb meaning to cope,get by, measure up, as in 'i can hack it', or'my orders are to weed out all non-hackers who do not pack the gear to serve in my beloved corps'. or is this more of a wiktionary entry.? input sought.Toyokuni3 (talk) 15:43, 2 October 2012 (UTC)
 * Yup, that's for Wiktionary. Disambig pages are only for linking to articles, with minimal clarification for the reader's benefit. See Manual of Style/Disambiguation pages for details. —Quiddity (talk) 23:07, 2 October 2012 (UTC)

move to Hack (Disambiguation)
Well, I don't know how to move pages right now, but somebody should move Hack to Hack (Disambiguation) since this is a disambig page. ~Curiouscrab (talk) 21:38, 2 April 2013 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by CC Scratch (talk • contribs)

Game hack
Free fire Max 2409:40C1:5E:4B62:7020:3EFF:FE32:8F5D (talk) 07:36, 20 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hack


text:
WIMS

WIMS (1420 AM) is a radio station in Michigan City, Indiana, and serves the northwest Indiana listening area. Its format is primarily classic hits music, news, talk and sports. The station is currently owned by Gerard Media, LLC.

WIMS has been broadcasting live from Michigan City since 1947, having begun broadcasting August 8 of that year on 1420 kHz with 1 kW power (daytime only). It was licensed to Northern Indiana Broadcasters Inc. Most recently it is run by Ric Federighi and his brothers of Gerard Media LLC.

WIMS is an affiliate of the Grand Valley State Laker football radio network.

WIMS is also broadcast over two translators, W236BD 95.1 in Michigan City, and W294CY 106.7 in Valparaiso.

title: WIMS


text:
Thom Bell

Thomas Randolph Bell (January 26, 1943 – December 22, 2022) was an American record producer, arranger, and songwriter known as one of the creators of Philadelphia soul in the 1970s. Hailed as one of the most prolific R&B songwriters and producers ever, Bell found success crafting songs for Delfonics, Stylistics, and Spinners. In June 2006, Bell was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. In 2016, Bell was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum.

Background
Bell was born on January 26, 1943, in Kingston, Jamaica, to Anna and Leroy Bell, and brought to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the age of four by his parents, according to an interview Bell gave to Terry Gross on NPR's Fresh Air. Both of Bell's parents were native Jamaicans. Thomas Bedward Burke, Bell's maternal grandfather, was born in Kingston, Jamaica.

Known as Thom, Bell was one of ten brothers and sisters. His mother, Anna, worked as a stenographer and was a pianist. Leroy, his father, owned a fish market and restaurant, was also musical, playing the accordion and Hawaiian guitar.

Career
Bell classically trained as a musician and sang as a teenager with Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff, and Daryl Hall (of Hall & Oates fame). Bell's first big break in soul music came with Cameo Records in Philadelphia where he worked as a session player and arranger.

In 1967, he was introduced to a local group called the Delfonics, and produced two early singles for them on the Moon Shot and Cameo labels. Bell brought a mellifluous, hypnotic style to soul music, and soon this production aesthetic yielded several big hits for the group on the Philly Groove label, run by their manager Stan Watson. These releases included "La-La (Means I Love You)" and "Didn't I (Blow Your Mind This Time)," the latter of which was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1970.

Bell joined the fast-growing record production company operated by Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff in Philadelphia, working as an arranger for acts such as Jerry Butler, Archie Bell & the Drells, Jerry Bell, the O'Jays, and Dusty Springfield. He arranged some big hits, including the O'Jays' popular "Back Stabbers," on Gamble and Huff's own record label, Philadelphia International Records, which the two launched in 1971. Bell then joined Gamble and Huff in setting up a publishing company for their songs, Mighty Three Music.

By 1971, Bell had moved on to produce another local group, the Stylistics, this time on Avco Records. He had at this point begun working with the Philadelphia-born songwriter Linda Creed; their partnership became one of the era's dominant soul songwriting teams, writing Stylistics hits including "Stop, Look, Listen (to Your Heart)", "You Are Everything", "Betcha by Golly, Wow", "Break Up to Make Up", "You Make Me Feel Brand New", and "I'm Stone in Love with You" (the last co-written with Bell's brother Tony).

In 1972, Bell agreed to produce the Spinners for Atlantic Records. The group had left their longtime label, Motown, following years of only occasional success there; Bell made them a hit recording act, producing five gold albums and top-ten singles including "I'll Be Around", "Could It Be I'm Falling in Love", "Games People Play", and "The Rubberband Man". In 1974, he was awarded a Grammy for Best Producer of the Year.

In 1975, Bell produced an album for Dionne Warwick called Track of the Cat; this followed "Then Came You," her collaboration with Bell and the Spinners from the previous year, which topped the Billboard Hot 100 and reached number two on the R&B chart. Bell also worked in the mid-to-late '70s with acts including Johnny Mathis (two albums), Billy Paul, Ronnie Dyson, Little Anthony & the Imperials, and New York City.

Bell subsequently had success with Deniece Williams, including her R&B number-one and top-ten remake of the Royalettes' "It's Gonna Take a Miracle" in 1982; Elton John, whose EP The Thom Bell Sessions featured backing vocals by the Spinners and produced the top-ten hit "Mama Can't Buy You Love" in 1979; and James Ingram, whose "I Don't Have the Heart" became Bell's second number-one pop hit, in 1990. Other artists Bell produced in the 1980s included the Temptations, Phyllis Hyman, and Dee Dee Bridgewater; he also re-united briefly with the Stylistics in 1981 on Philadelphia International's subsidiary, TSOP.

Warner Chappell Music acquired Mighty Three Music in 1990.

A December 2008 interview with Bell featured on the Philly Soul box set, Love Train, stated he would soon compose a piece for the Philadelphia Orchestra. Past Orchestra members played in MFSB, the house band who played on many Bell productions.

Bell was known for being a perfectionist in his writing and very budget-conscious, demanding that session musicians play his compositions as they were written and not improvise.

Personal life
Bell married Sylvia Bell in 1965 but they later divorced in 1984. He married Vanessa Joanne Wittrock in Seattle on December 29, 1985. He had six children.

On December 22, 2022, at the age of 79, Bell died at his home in Bellingham, Washington, after what was described as a "lengthy illness."

Producing and songwriting

 * 1965: "Pass Me By" – Hattie Winston
 * 1968: "La-La (Means I Love You)" – The Delfonics
 * 1969: "Brand New Me" - Dusty Springfield
 * 1970: "Didn't I (Blow Your Mind This Time)" – The Delfonics
 * 1971: "Hey Love" – The Delfonics
 * 1971: "Stop, Look, Listen (To Your Heart)" – The Stylistics
 * 1971: "You Are Everything" – The Stylistics
 * 1972: "People Make the World Go Round" – The Stylistics
 * 1972: "Betcha by Golly, Wow" – The Stylistics
 * 1972: "I'm Stone in Love with You" – The Stylistics
 * 1972: "I'll Be Around" – The Spinners
 * 1972: "Could It Be I'm Falling in Love" – The Spinners
 * 1973: "I'm Doing Fine Now" – New York City
 * 1973: "One of a Kind (Love Affair)" – The Spinners
 * 1973: "Ghetto Child" – The Spinners
 * 1973: "Break Up to Make Up" – The Stylistics
 * 1973: "Rockin' Roll Baby" – The Stylistics
 * 1974: "You Make Me Feel Brand New" – The Stylistics
 * 1974: "Mighty Love (Part I)" – The Spinners
 * 1974: "Then Came You" – The Spinners (with Dionne Warwick)
 * 1975: "They Just Can't Stop It (The Games People Play)" – The Spinners
 * 1976: "The Rubberband Man" – The Spinners
 * 1979: "Are You Ready for Love" – Elton John (with the Spinners)
 * 1979: "Mama Can't Buy You Love" – Elton John
 * 1980: Dee Dee Bridgewater
 * 1981: "Silly" – Deniece Williams
 * 1982: "It's Gonna Take a Miracle" – Deniece Williams
 * 1990: "I Don't Have the Heart" – James Ingram

title: Thom Bell


text:
Red/black concept

The red/black concept, sometimes called the red–black architecture or red/black engineering, refers to the careful segregation in cryptographic systems of signals that contain sensitive or classified plaintext information (red signals) from those that carry encrypted information, or ciphertext (black signals). Therefore, the red side is usually considered the internal side, and the black side the more public side, with often some sort of guard, firewall or data-diode between the two.

In NSA jargon, encryption devices are often called blackers, because they convert red signals to black. TEMPEST standards spelled out in Tempest/2-95 specify shielding or a minimum physical distance between wires or equipment carrying or processing red and black signals.

Different organizations have differing requirements for the separation of red and black fiber-optic cables.

Red/black terminology is also applied to cryptographic keys. Black keys have themselves been encrypted with a "key encryption key" (KEK) and are therefore benign. Red keys are not encrypted and must be treated as highly sensitive material.

Red/Gray/Black
The NSA's Commercial Solutions for Classified (CSfC) program, which uses two layers of independent, commercial off-the-shelf cryptographic products to protect classified information, includes a red/gray/black concept. In this extension of the red/black concept, the separated gray compartment handles data that has been encrypted only once, which happens at the red/gray boundary. The gray/black interface adds or removes a second layer of encryption.

title: Red/black concept


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Fort Moultrie

Fort Moultrie is a series of fortifications on Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, built to protect the city of Charleston, South Carolina. The first fort, formerly named Fort Sullivan, built of palmetto logs, inspired the flag and nickname of South Carolina, as "The Palmetto State". The fort was renamed for the U.S. patriot commander in the Battle of Sullivan's Island, General William Moultrie. During British occupation, in 1780–1782, the fort was known as Fort Arbuthnot.

American Revolution
Col. Moultrie took command of Sullivan's Island on March 2, 1776, which included a garrison of 413 men of the 2nd South Carolina Regiment of Infantry and 22 men of the 4th South Carolina Regiment, artillery. The island included a fort, still under construction at the southern tip, which was being supervised by Capt. De Brahm. The square design, with corner bastions, was supposed to have parallel rows of palmetto logs 10 ft, filled in with 16 ft. However, by June 28, only the front (the southeast and southeast curtain walls and bastions) was complete. The northern portion of the fort was unfinished, standing at only 7 ft. Cavaliers were constructed along the rear walls. The blue flag on the southeast bastion had the word "Liberty" on it. A total of 31 guns commanded the approach from Five Fathom Hole offshore, past the island and the Middle Ground shoal, before ships could enter the harbor.

South Carolina patriots began to build a fort to guard Charleston, South Carolina, harbor in 1776. Royal Navy Admiral Sir Peter Parker led a fleet of nine warships in an attack against the fort—known as Fort Sullivan and incomplete—on June 28, 1776, near the beginning of the American Revolutionary War. The soft palmetto logs did not crack under bombardment but rather absorbed the shot; cannonballs reportedly even bounced off the walls of the structure. William Moultrie, commander of the 2nd South Carolina Regiment, and his four hundred men fought a day-long battle that ended with Parker's heavily damaged fleet being driven from the area. The fort hence took its name, as Fort Moultrie, in his honor. Charleston locals celebrate "Carolina Day" to commemorate the bravery of the defenders of the fort.

During this battle, Moultrie flew a flag of his own design, authorized by the colonial government. It was later called the Moultrie flag, or Liberty flag, and became iconic to the Revolution in the South.

The British eventually captured Fort Moultrie, as part of the Siege of Charleston in spring 1780, and renamed it as Fort Arbuthnot. Nevertheless, the Patriots won the war, and British troops departed in 1782, at which time the flag was presented in Charleston, by General Nathanael Greene, commander of the southern Regulars.

Early federal period
Great Britain and France began another war in 1793, heightening tensions. The United States of America thence embarked on a significant fortification program for important harbors, later called the First System of fortifications. Atop the decayed original Fort Moultrie, the Army completed a new fort in 1798; the Army also built nineteen other new forts along the Atlantic coast. The fort was garrisoned by Captain Jonathan Robeson's company of the Regiment of Artillerists in 1802. However, after years of neglect, the Antigua–Charleston hurricane destroyed Fort Moultrie in 1804.

Fort Moultrie was rebuilt as part of the Second System of fortifications in 1808–09, under the direction of Army engineer Alexander Macomb. A report by the Secretary of War, on fortifications in December 1811, describes Fort Moultrie as:
 * "an irregular form, built of brick, presenting a battery of three sides on the sea front, and the whole is enclosed with ramparts, parapets, &c. mounting 40 guns. … The barracks are of brick … for five hundred (soldiers)".

Fort Moultrie's main design did not change much over the next five decades. The Army altered the parapet and modernized the armament, but defense of Charleston centered increasingly around newly created Fort Sumter. By the time of the American Civil War, Fort Moultrie, Fort Sumter, Fort Johnson, and Castle Pinckney surrounded and defended Charleston.

Fort Moultrie began to record meteorological observations in the early 1820s.

For fifty years the Army detained Native American prisoners at Fort Moultrie. Seminole Indian fighter Osceola and some fellow Seminoles were captured in late 1837 and transferred to the fort. Osceola died of malaria in January 1838; the Army buried his corpse at the front gate of Fort Moultrie and thereafter maintained his grave.

Civil War
In the months leading up to the Civil War, John L. Gardner was in command at Fort Moultrie. With secession growing more imminent, Gardner had made several requests to Secretary of War John B. Floyd for more troops to garrison and defend the undermanned fortress. Each time his requests were ignored, as Floyd (who joined the Confederacy) was planning to hand the forts in Charleston Harbor over to the secessionists.

South Carolina seceded from the Union on December 20, 1860, after the first election of President Abraham Lincoln. Around this time a Federal garrison from the 1st US Artillery was sent to Fort Moultrie. Unlike the state militia at the other forts, the U.S. Regular Army defenders of Fort Moultrie chose not to surrender to the South Carolina forces. On December 26, 1860, Union Major Robert Anderson moved his garrison from Fort Moultrie to the stronger Fort Sumter. On February 8, 1861, South Carolina joined the five other seceded Deep Southern states to form the Confederate States of America. In April 1861, Confederate troops shelled Fort Sumter into submission, and the American Civil War began.

In April 1863, Federal ironclads and shore batteries began a bombardment of Fort Moultrie and the other forts around Charleston harbor. Over the ensuing twenty months, Union bombardment reduced Fort Sumter to a rubble pile and pounded Fort Moultrie below a sand hill, which protected it against further bombardment. The rifled cannon proved its superiority to brickwork fortifications but not to the endurance of the Confederate artillerymen who continued to man Fort Moultrie. In February 1865, as General Sherman marched through South Carolina, the Confederate soldiers finally abandoned the rubble of Fort Moultrie and evacuated the city of Charleston.

Postbellum period and 20th century
The U.S. Army modernized Fort Moultrie in the 1870s with new weapons and deep concrete bunkers. Weapons of this period included 15-inch and 10-inch Rodman guns (15 and 10 in), which were smoothbores, and 8-inch converted rifles, lined down from 10-inch Rodmans.

Beginning in 1897, Fort Moultrie's armament was modernized under the large-scale Endicott Program of coast defenses. Eight new reinforced-concrete batteries were completed by 1906, and part of the Second System fort was demolished to make room for batteries Bingham, McCorkle, and Lord. The fort also had a mine casemate to control a naval minefield. In 1901 Coast Artillery units were designated from heavy artillery units, and in 1907 the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps was formed to garrison the new coast defenses.

The Endicott Program batteries at Fort Moultrie were:

Battery Capron, with sixteen 12-inch mortars, was the largest component of the new defenses. In 1906 it was organizationally split into two batteries, Capron and Butler, each with eight mortars. Batteries Jasper and Thomson provided longer-range weapons with a total of six 10-inch disappearing guns. In April 1898 the Spanish–American War broke out, with Fort Moultrie's smaller, rapid-fire batteries still years from completion. Batteries Logan and Bingham were added to the fort, mostly equipped with weapons purchased from the United Kingdom. In 1901 Battery McCorkle was added to defend the minefield against minesweepers with three 3-inch guns on retractable masking parapet carriages. In 1905 Battery Lord was added with two 3-inch guns, and in 1906 Battery Gadsden provided four 6-inch rapid-fire disappearing guns.

These batteries were supplemented in 1899 by a pair of 12-inch guns at Fort Sumter. Forts Moultrie and Sumter constituted the Coast Defenses of Charleston, as the Charleston Coast Artillery District was designated in 1913.

Battery Capron was named for Captain Allyn K. Capron of the 1st US Volunteer Cavalry, the famous "Rough Riders", who was the first US Army officer killed in the Spanish–American War. Battery Butler was named for Colonel Pierce M. Butler of the Palmetto Regiment, killed in the Battle of Churubusco in the 1847 Mexican–American War. Battery Jasper was named for Sergeant William Jasper of the 2nd South Carolina Regiment, a hero of the 1776 attack on the fort. Battery Thomson was named for Colonel William Thomson of the 3rd South Carolina Regiment, commended for defending Charleston in June 1776. Battery Gadsden was named for Brigadier General Christopher Gadsden, a South Carolina officer of the Revolutionary War. Battery Logan was named for Captain William Logan, killed fighting the Nez Perce in 1877. Battery Bingham was named for 2nd Lieutenant Horatio Bingham, killed fighting the Sioux in 1866. Battery McCorkle was named for 1st Lieutenant Henry McCorkle of the 25th US Infantry Regiment, killed in the Battle of El Caney in the Spanish–American War. Battery Lord was named for Assistant Surgeon George Edwin Lord, killed at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, also called "Custer's Last Stand", in 1876.

In 1904 Battery Logan's 6-inch Armstrong gun was removed and most likely transferred to Fort Adams.

After the US entered World War I, Battery Gadsden's four 6-inch guns were removed for service on field carriages on the Western Front in 1917 and were never returned to the fort. Records show the guns arrived in France, but a history of the Coast Artillery in World War I states that none of the regiments in France equipped with 6-inch guns completed training in time to see action before the Armistice.

Two of Battery Jasper's four 10-inch guns were similarly removed in 1918 for potential use as railway guns; they were never returned to the fort but were replaced with guns from Fort Washington in 1919.

Following World War I there were several changes at Fort Moultrie as part of a forcewide partial disarmament of the coast defense system. Battery Bingham's two 4.7-inch Armstrong guns and Battery McCorkle's three 3-inch M1898 guns were removed in 1919–20 as part of a general removal from service of some gun types. Eight of Battery Capron-Butler's mortars were removed and the remaining eight replaced with M1890 mortars on M1896 carriages in 1920. The removal of half the mortars was a forcewide measure to increase the rate of fire by reducing overcrowding of mortar pits during reloading.

With the outbreak of World War II in 1939 and the Fall of France in 1940, a comprehensive upgrade of US coastal fortifications was implemented. In the early part of the war the Harbor Defenses of Charleston were garrisoned by the 13th Coast Artillery Regiment of the Regular Army and the 263rd Coast Artillery Regiment of the South Carolina National Guard. The Marshall Military Reservation, a sub-post of Fort Moultrie, was established in the northeast part of Sullivan's Island to accommodate the new batteries. The batteries built during World War II at and near Fort Moultrie were:
 * BCN = Battery Construction Number
 * AMTB = Anti-Motor Torpedo Boat Battery

Additionally, a battery of two 16-inch guns designated BCN 125 was proposed for James Island, south of Charleston Harbor, but was never built.

The unnamed battery of four 155 mm M1918 towed guns on concrete Panama mounts was established in 1941 to quickly augment Charleston's harbor defenses.

The construction of the long-range BCN 520 with 12-inch guns rendered all previous gun defenses in the Charleston area obsolete. BCN 520 was armed with guns removed from Battery Kimble at Fort Travis, Galveston, Texas. Almost all of Fort Moultrie's previous armament was scrapped in 1942, except Battery Thomson's pair of 10-inch guns and Battery Lord's pair of 3-inch guns. The two fixed emplacements of AMTB 2A were built on the former 10-inch Battery Jasper. A Harbor Entrance Control Post (HECP) to coordinate Army and Navy harbor defenses was established at the old fort and has been refurbished as an exhibit.

On August 15, 1947, the Army lowered Fort Moultrie's flag for the last time and ended 171 years of service. After the war, due to changes in military technology, including submarines and nuclear weapons, seacoast defense of the United States ceased to be a viable strategy.

Decommissioning
In 1960, the Department of Defense transferred Fort Moultrie to the National Park Service. NPS manages the historic fort as a unit of Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park. NPS has interpreted the fort as a tour backward in time from its defenses from World War II to the original palmetto log fort constructed by William Moultrie. The preserved Harbor Entrance Control Post and BCN 520 (now a private residence) are the main relics of the World War II era.

The National Register of Historic Places listed Fort Moultrie Quartermaster and Support Facilities Historic District on September 6, 2007. In 2016, the America the Beautiful quarter for South Carolina featured Fort Moultrie.

In 1999, the construction of a 38 ft tall private home next to the fort that blocked the sightline to Fort Sumter led to a successful campaign to eliminate the problem. The American Battlefield Trust, then known as the Civil War Preservation Trust, was assisted by the National Park Service, the Trust for Public Land, and a consortium of local residents in buying the 0.23 acre plot from the landowner and removing the building.

Moultrie is honored with his statue in The Battery section of downtown Charleston.

title: Fort Moultrie


text:
Debbie Barham

Deborah Ann Barham (20 November 1976 – 20 April 2003) was an English comedy writer who died at the age of 26 of heart failure brought on as a result of anorexia. As well as writing for TV and radio, Barham wrote columns for newspapers and magazines.

Life
Barham was born 20 November 1976 in Sheffield, England. She was educated at Sheffield High School and was a bright student, but left school early as she was unhappy there.

She began her professional writing career at the age of 15, moved to London at the age of 16, and was working as a BBC contract writer at the age of 17. In 1995, Barham developed anorexia nervosa.

Her early work was submitted under the name D. A. Barham, out of concern that a teenage girl would not be accepted in a world traditionally dominated by Oxbridge-educated men.

During her eleven-year career she wrote for comedians including Clive Anderson, Rory Bremner, Angus Deayton, Bob Monkhouse and Graham Norton, and for BBC programmes including The News Huddlines, The News Quiz, Loose Ends and Week Ending. She also wrote the eight-part radio sitcom The Elephant Man, which starred Peter Serafinowicz and was broadcast on BBC Radio 2 in 1996. Though little known by the general public, she was greatly respected in the profession, and had a reputation for mental quickness, her writing being not only of high quality but also fast and prolific, even during her illness. She wrote a column for Computeractive magazine for the few years prior to her death.

The radio show About a Dog was based on her last comedy proposal.

title: Debbie Barham


text:
Talk:Plant-made pharmaceuticals

There is no copyright violation.

We are writing this entry from the International Academy of Life Sciences, the host of PlantPharma.org - which is an online community of academics, industry experts, policymakers, and other stakeholders, devoted to an informed discussion of plant-made pharmaeuticals.

- On behalf of Hilmar Stolte and Robert Rich

Although this entry refers to "Dr. Yokolalian" as a Nobel Laureate, I do not find him on the list of Nobel Laureates. Possibly a correction is needed.

Cloudobserver 23:05, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

As previous entry says, no one named Yokolanian has won the nobel prize. This can be easily verified looking at nobel prize winners in Wikipedia, or looking at the nobel prizes website.

title: Talk:Plant-made pharmaceuticals


text:
Saint Vitus (band)

Saint Vitus is an American doom metal band formed in Los Angeles in 1978. They are considered to be one of the first doom metal bands, and have been labeled as one of the "big four" of that genre, along with Candlemass, Pentagram and Trouble. Having released nine studio albums to date, Saint Vitus never achieved a popular breakthrough, but have exerted great influence on the development of doom metal, sludge metal, and stoner rock.

The original lineup consisted of Dave Chandler (guitar), Mark Adams (bass), Armando Acosta (drums) and Scott Reagers (vocals). They recorded their first two albums before Scott Weinrich replaced Reagers in 1986. The lineup of Chandler, Adams, Acosta and Weinrich is the longest-lasting. The third album Born Too Late (1986) is generally acknowledged as their best release.

After breaking up in 1996 and briefly reforming in 2003, Saint Vitus reunited again in 2008 with the band's "classic" lineup, featuring Weinrich, Chandler, Adams and Acosta, and embarked on a successful tour. However, after 30 years in the band, Acosta left Saint Vitus in 2009 due to worsening health, and was replaced by Henry Vasquez. By 2016, both Weinrich and Adams had left Saint Vitus and were replaced by Reagers and Pat Bruders respectively, leaving Chandler as the only constant member of the band and reuniting half of the original lineup.

Formation and first two albums (1978–1985)
The band was formed in 1978 under the name Tyrant, with Dave Chandler (guitar), Mark Adams (bass), and Armando Acosta (drums). Vocalist Scott Reagers joined the group after the first Tyrant show, when their first singer was fired. Their main influences were Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, Blue Cheer, Blue Öyster Cult and Alice Cooper. They changed their name to Saint Vitus in 1980, after the Black Sabbath song "St. Vitus Dance".

The band's early sound combined the dark and psychedelic style of bands like Black Sabbath and Blue Cheer with the aggressive heavy metal and hardcore sound of Judas Priest and Black Flag, another favorite band of Chandler. In the beginning, their style was considered "out-of-date" compared to the hardcore punk, glam and speed metal genres, which were popular at the time. Being rejected by the Los Angeles metal community, Saint Vitus were involved in the punk rock scene. During a live performance with Overkill, Saint Vitus was discovered by Black Flag. Black Flag guitarist Greg Ginn signed them to his label, SST Records, because, according to Chandler, they were "completely opposite of what popular was in metal". Saint Vitus toured with Black Flag during the early 1980s,   and later with other groups like the Brood, Saccharine Trust, the Mentors, Napalm Beach and DC3.

Chandler affirmed: "the heavy metal fans at the time hated us, and so did the punk rockers, but the punk rockers grew to appreciate us". Under this lineup, Saint Vitus recorded 2 albums (Saint Vitus & Hallow's Victim) and an EP (The Walking Dead). Reagers left the band in early 1986, and was replaced by The Obsessed frontman Scott "Wino" Weinrich (at this time, The Obsessed had only released one 7"). Reagers' final performances featured songs from then-upcoming album Born Too Late, such as "The War Starter" and "H.A.A.G", as many of these were written while he was still in the band.

Weinrich-era (1986–1991)
Wino recorded three studio albums (Born Too Late, Mournful Cries & V), a live album (Live), and an EP (Thirsty and Miserable, featuring the Black Flag cover of the same name) with Saint Vitus. Born Too Late proved to be their most acclaimed album and the title track is considered an anthem of the doom metal genre. The Wino years marked a change in their style, featuring an even slower and darker sound, in contrast to the hardcore influences of the first two records with Reagers, and the band started to gain some notoriety in Europe.

Weinrich also wrote some songs such as "Bitter Truth", "Looking Glass" and "Ice Monkey", the latter was covered by supergroup Down in their early live performances. By 1989, Saint Vitus had been dropped from SST and signed to Hellhound Records, who released the band's next three albums. Weinrich left Saint Vitus in 1991 to reform The Obsessed after Saint Vitus' label, Hellhound Records, released an album of older Obsessed recordings.

C.O.D., Die Healing, and breakup (1992–2002)
Following Weinrich's departure, the band found former Count Raven singer Christian "Chritus" Linderson as a replacement after a short search. He would record only one album, C.O.D., produced by Don Dokken, and tour Europe and America with the band until 1993 before being replaced by original vocalist Scott Reagers for what would for a long time be their final album, Die Healing, regarded by Chandler to be their finest work. Saint Vitus played dates in America and Europe following the album's release. After the completion of the tour, Saint Vitus decided to disband in 1996.

Chandler went on to form the punk/doom band Debris Inc., with Ron Holzner of Trouble in the early 2000s. They released their self-titled album via Rise Above Records in 2005. Acosta stayed busy with a band called Dirty Red, Adams no longer played music, and Reagers also left the music scene. After The Obsessed broke up in the mid-1990s, Wino moved back to Maryland and formed Shine/Spirit Caravan and once again toured Europe and the US until the band's break up in the early 2000s. His next band, The Hidden Hand, followed a similar path before breaking up in the mid-2000s. Wino also briefly joined Place of Skulls, featuring former Pentagram/Death Row guitarist Victor Griffin, for the album With Vision released in 2003.

Reunion(s) and Acosta's death (2003–2010)
On July 1, 2003, the classic Born Too Late lineup (Weinrich, Chandler, Adams, Acosta) played a gig at Double Door in Chicago.

In 2008, it was announced that Saint Vitus were reuniting again for a tour in 2009. The band headlined Friday's April 24 date at the 2009 Roadburn Festival. at the 013 venue in Tilburg, Netherlands and then went on to play three gigs in Germany. The lineup for this reunion was the same as the 2003 reunion. Drummer Armando Acosta, who had been with the band since its inception over thirty years ago, left the band before the European tour of 2009 had been completed.

Dave Chandler has cited health concerns as the reason for Armando's replacement. Armando Acosta died on November 25, 2010, from arterial complications at the age of 58, and was buried at Riverside National Cemetery in California.

He was then replaced by Henry Vasquez of the band Blood of the Sun. Wino also released one album to date as a member of the Doom Supergroup "Shrinebuilder" in 2009.

Lillie: F-65 (2011–2012)
In February 2010, Chandler stated that there was talk of Saint Vitus recording new material, but there were no concrete plans at the time. However, according to frontman Weinrich, "we're writing some stuff right now. Everybody's pretty busy. I know I've been busy. The Wino band is pretty much on hiatus right now. So it looks like we'll be doing some recording in the near future. The bottom line is we would like to do a new record. There's talk about it. We've already been floating around a couple ideas. So yeah, somewhere down the line there will be a new Vitus record in the cards."

In March 2010, Wino revealed to the German edition of Metal Hammer magazine that Saint Vitus were without a record label, and had only written one new song so far, but that a full-length studio effort from the group would likely surface within the next 12 months, making a 2011 release date likely. However, plans eventually fell through, but had planned to regroup to make the album sometime in the summer of 2011, after the band finished the 2011 Metalliance Tour with Helmet and Crowbar.

On the Metalliance Tour, Saint Vitus debuted a new song called "Blessed Night". On November 8, 2010, it was announced that they were signed to Season of Mist and would release their new album, entitled Lillie: F-65, on April 27, 2012. It marked Saint Vitus' first studio album since 1995's Die Healing, its first release with vocalist Weinrich since 1990's V and first release without Armando Acosta on drums.

Late 2009 through 2010 also saw the majority of Saint Vitus' back catalog come back into print. SST Records reissued vinyl versions of all the group's records except for the first album, which was reissued on CD. The label also released "Hallow's Victim" and "The Walking Dead" on CD, having never previously been available in the format. Buried By Time and Dust Records also did a limited vinyl issue of "Die Healing" (the first time that album had been available on vinyl) with a CD reissue expected to follow.

In an April 2012 interview with Drop-D, guitarist Dave Chandler was asked if Saint Vitus was going to make another album after Lillie: F-65. His response was, "Right now we're just taking it step by step to see how people respond to [the new album]. There would be no reason not to because when you're constantly playing you get a lot of ideas. We're not going to say yes or no now. There are a lot of people talking about the record so hopefully it will live up to everybody's expectations."

Recent activities (2015–present)
In 2015, Saint Vitus performed a single U.S. date in Austin, Texas and a European tour with original singer Scott Reagers, his first full shows with the band in 20 years. Due to Wino's commitments with The Obsessed's reunion, Reagers once again filled in for him on Saint Vitus' fall 2016 U.S. tour with The Skull and Witch Mountain and has remained with the band ever since. Also during this period, Pat Bruders of Crowbar and Down filled in for their longtime bassist Mark Adams, who could not tour with the band because of health reasons; it was revealed in October 2018 that he had been suffering from Parkinson's disease.

Saint Vitus released their live album Live Vol. 2 on September 23, 2016.

In a November 2017 interview, Chandler stated that they had "pretty much a whole [new] album" written.

The band's latest album, titled Saint Vitus, was released on May 17, 2019.

Mark Adams died from complications of Parkinson's disease on May 23, 2023, at the age of 64.

Members

 * Current members
 * Dave Chandler – guitar (1978–1996, 2003, 2008–present)
 * Scott Reagers – vocals (1978–1986, 1994–1996, 2015–present)
 * Henry Vasquez – drums, percussion (2009–present)
 * Pat Bruders – bass (2016–present)

 * Former members
 * Armando Acosta – drums, percussion (1978–1996, 2003, 2008–2009; died 2010)
 * Mark Adams – bass (1978–1996, 2003, 2008–2016; died 2023)
 * Scott "Wino" Weinrich – vocals, guitar (1986–1991, 2003, 2008–2015)
 * Christian Linderson – vocals (1991–1994)

Discography

 * Saint Vitus (1984)
 * Hallow's Victim (1985)
 * Born Too Late (1986)
 * Mournful Cries (1988)
 * V (1990)
 * C.O.D. (1992)
 * Die Healing (1995)
 * Lillie: F-65 (2012)
 * Saint Vitus (2019)

title: Saint Vitus (band)


text:
Saint's name

A saint's name, which is usually also a biblical name, is the name of a saint given to individuals at their baptism or confirmation within the Catholic Church, as well as in certain parts of the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. It is believed that the saint whose name is chosen will serve as a special patron to protect and guide and will be the heavenly intercessor for the individual who bears his or her name. The custom of giving the name of a saint originated with the practice of individuals who converted to Christianity taking a new Christian name at their baptism. For example, in the Bible, Saul became Paul after he accepted faith in Jesus. The custom was popular in France and Germany during the Middle Ages and is still customary in continental Europe. In many English-speaking countries, however, it is more common for the saint's name to be adopted upon Confirmation in which case it would usually not be part of one's legal name.

Under the current Code of Canon Law of the Catholic Church, Canon 855 states, "Parents, sponsors and parish priests are to take care that a name is not given which is foreign to Christian sentiment", which would simply prohibit a baptismal name being something in the vein of "Satan", "Lucifer", or "Death". However, that was not always the case; in the 1917 Code of Canon Law, Canon 761 required pastors to ensure the baptismal name was a Christian name such as "Christian", "Grace", or "Faith". Therefore, what is now called a given name was once referred to as a Christian name and originated with the pagans of Europe who discarded their pagan names for Biblical ones when they converted to Christianity and participated in baptism. An additional saint's name must be given when the former is impossible.

In some Christian countries, the saint's day of the person's name is celebrated as a birthday is in other countries (cf. Name day). A child may also be named after the saint whose feast is the child's birthday. In places where Christians are in the minority and may face persecution, parents may give both a Christian saint's name and a secular name to a child, allowing them to use the saint's name for religious purposes and the secular name for all other purposes. This is especially common in cultures, such as in South Korea, where traditional given names do not line up with Catholic saints' names; many Catholics in English-speaking countries of Korean descent use a Korean forename as well as a saints' name.

title: Saint's name


text:
2002 in Iraq

Events in the year 2002 in Iraq.

Incumbents

 * President - Saddam Hussein
 * Prime Minister - Saddam Hussein
 * Vice President - Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf
 * Vice President - Taha Yassin Ramadan

Events
The CIA's Special Activities Division (SAD) teams were the first U.S. forces to enter Iraq in July 2002, prior to the US Invasion. Once on the ground, they prepared for the subsequent arrival of US Army Special Forces to organize the Kurdish Peshmerga. In Operation Viking Hammer, this joint team (called the Northern Iraq Liaison Element (NILE)) combined to defeat Ansar al-Islam, an ally of Al Qaeda, in the North East corner of Iraq. This battle was for control of a territory that was occupied by Ansar al-Islam and was executed prior to the invasion. It was carried out by Paramilitary Operations Officers from SAD and the Army's 10th Special Forces Group. This battle was a significant defeat of a key terrorist organization and the uncovering of a chemical weapons facility at Sargat. Sargat was the only facility of its type discovered in the Iraq war.

SAD teams also conducted missions behind enemy lines to identify leadership targets. These missions led to the initial strikes against Saddam Hussein and his Generals. Although the strike against Saddam was unsuccessful in killing him, it was successful in effectively ending his ability to command and control his forces. Other strikes against his Generals were successful and significantly degraded the command's ability to react to, and maneuver against the US led invasion force. SAD operations officers were also successful in convincing key Iraqi Army officers into surrendering their units once the fighting started.

Turkey refused to allow the US Army entry into Northern Iraq. Therefore, joint SAD and Army Special forces teams and the Kurdish Peshmerga were the entire Northern force against Saddam. They managed to keep Saddam's Army in place rather than moving the northern army to contest the US led coalition force coming from the south. The efforts of the Kurds, SAD and 10th Special Forces Group with the Kurds likely saved the lives of many US and coalition forces during and after the invasion. As described by Mike Tucker and Charles Faddis in their book entitled, "Operation Hotel California: The Clandestine War Inside Iraq", four of these CIA officers were awarded the Intelligence Star for their heroic actions.

January
January 29: US President George W. Bush placed Iraq on the axis of evil, along with Iran and North Korea, for developing weapons of mass destruction, violating human rights, and enmity with the United States.

July

 * July 5 - Saddam Hussein again rejects new U.N. weapons inspections proposals.

August

 * August 2 - Saddam Hussein invites chief weapons inspector Hans Blix to Iraq for discussions on remaining disarmament issues.
 * August 19
 * The U.N. Secretary General rejects Iraq's August 2 proposal as the "wrong work program", and instead recommends that Iraq allow weapons inspectors to return to the country, in accordance with previous U.N. resolutions.
 * Terrorist Abu Nidal dies in his home in Baghdad from multiple gunshot wounds. Deputy Prime Minister Tariq Aziz claims the wounds were self-inflicted.

September

 * September 12 - U.S. President George W. Bush, addresses the U.N. and challenges its members to confront the "grave and gathering danger" of Iraq or stand aside as the United States and likeminded nations act.

October

 * October - In October 2002, a few days before the U.S. Senate voted on the Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq, about 75 senators were told in closed session that Iraq had the means of attacking the eastern seaboard of the U.S. with biological or chemical weapons delivered by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs.) On February 5, 2003, Colin Powell presented further evidence in his Iraqi WMD program presentation to the UN Security Council that UAVs were ready to be launched against the U.S. At the time, there was a vigorous dispute within the US military and intelligence community as to whether conclusions about Iraqi UAVs were accurate. The U.S. Air Force agency most familiar with UAVs denied that Iraq possessed any offensive UAV capability, saying the few they had were designed for surveillance and intended for reconnaissance. In fact, Iraq's UAV fleet was never deployed and consisted of a handful of outdated 24.5 ft wingspan drones with no room for more than a camera and video recorder, and no offensive capability. Despite this controversy, the Senate voted to approve the Joint Resolution on October 11, 2002 providing the Bush Administration with the legal basis for the U.S. invasion under US law.
 * October 2 - The U.S. Congress passes a joint resolution which explicitly authorized the President to use the Armed Forces of the United States as he determines to be necessary and appropriate in Iraq.
 * October 16 - U.S. President George W. Bush signs the Iraq war resolution.

November

 * November 8 - UN Security Council Resolution 1441 – The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves a resolution on Iraq, forcing Saddam Hussein to disarm or face "serious consequences".
 * November 18 - United Nations weapons inspectors led by Hans Blix arrive in Iraq.

December

 * December 7 - As required by UN Security Council Resolution 1441, Iraq files a 12,000 page weapons declaration with the U.N. Security Council. Although it is supposed to be a complete declaration, it is seen as incomplete by the Security Council and weapons inspectors.

Notable births

 * October 14 - Youssif, burn victim

title: 2002 in Iraq


text:
Carol Garrison

Carol Z. Garrison was the 6th President of the University of Alabama at Birmingham. The Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama System unanimously voted to appoint her to the office on July 23, 2002. She stepped down from presidency on August 16, 2012.

She is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Sigma Xi, and Delta Omega. She was twice honored as the Carolina Distinguished Professor.

Prior employment

 * 1976-1978 – Assistant Professor of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham
 * 1978-1982 – Assistant Professor, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
 * 1982-1992 – Faculty Member, University of South Carolina
 * 1992-1994 – Professor & Chair of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina
 * 1994-1997 – Associate Provost & Dean of the Graduate School, University of South Carolina
 * 1997-2002 – Provost, University of Louisville
 * 2002-2002 – Acting president, University of Louisville

Education

 * 1974 – Bachelor's Degree, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
 * 1976 – Master's Degree, UAB School of Nursing
 * 1978 – Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Certificate, UAB School of Nursing
 * 1982 – Ph.D. in Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

title: Carol Garrison


text:
User talk:Cyrloc

Heya, welcome to my wiki page!
Hi, I'm Cyrloc, and please leave any comments or questions (about anything at all) right here.

My Contributions

 * What I've Edited

Election
Another monkey in the White House.

God Bless America, because we're going to need it.

Cyrloc 14:21, 3 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Welcome!
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

Helpful links: Editing || Writing a great article || Naming || Style Manual || Policies || Reassigning old edits.

Other Questions? Help || Village pump(everyone gathers here) || What Wikipedia is not

Maintenance: Deleting articles || all maintenance tasks (see also open tasks, below)

Uploading images: please note the origins and copyright status of every image you upload, otherwise we won't be able to use those images in many versions of WP.

To sign your comments, type four tildes like this:  ~ . This automatically adds your name and the current time.

I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page. +sj +   15:06, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks, Sj. :) Cyrloc 15:24, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Last Updated
Cyrloc 23:38, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Boiling to death
Unfortunately, I don't think that the article is a CSD as it stands; it does not appear to meet any of the criteria for speedy deletion. I would recommend putting it up for the regular vfd process. It is possible that there are other Wikipedians that might want to salvage it. I am removing the delete tag, but you are still welcome to nominate it for vfd. --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 03:14, Nov 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually, you're right, it's deletable. --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 03:15, Nov 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * Ok, thanks for checking. :)
 * Cyrloc 15:21, 17 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Mosques
Hi Cyrloc. This is a known bug. It's due to trying to get the history page from a different server which is lagging behind the other one. Often leaving it a few minutes or reloading the page will show the old version properly rather than the error. It's only a temporary problem on any page, but does occur quite often. See 659. Angela. 16:01, Nov 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * Ok, thank you.
 * Cyrloc 16:03, 17 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Thanks
for reverting my wiki page. How did you find out it was vandalized?-- Etaonish 23:56, Nov 17, 2004 (UTC)

Heh. Were you involved with the whole SA thing?-- Etaonish 00:51, Nov 18, 2004 (UTC)

Never mind then. Something Awful Forums is the site of a major war.-- Etaonish 06:32, Nov 18, 2004 (UTC)

Three Gorges Dam
Hi Cyrolc, can we get a reference for your edit to the Three Gorges Dam page. Which engineers have predicted that the dam may collapse, or maybe cite a news source. There is a lot of controversy on the project, and unsubstantiated claims weaken those arguments.

Duk 06:21, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * yes, that information sounds great. Do you want to work it into the article? if not i will.

 * Some background, the three gorges page had a huge section on the controversy with very few hard facts. And several people have been cleaning it up over the past few months (see the talk page). I think this kind of information will really improve it. Duk 16:32, 18 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Ok, I added your reference and rephrased the paragraph. please look it over. Duk 06:23, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)

The Humungous Image Tagging Project
Hi. You've helped with the WikiProject Wiki Syntax, so I thought it worth alerting you to the latest and greatest of Wikipedia fixing project, User:Yann/Untagged Images, which is seeking to put copyright tags on all of the untagged images. There are probably, oh, thirty thousand or so to do (he said, reaching into the air for a large figure). But hey: they're images ... you'll get to see lots of random pretty pictures. That must be better than looking for at at and the the, non? You know you'll love it. best wishes --Tagishsimon (talk)

Return of the Untagged Image project
You were kind enough to contribute to the Untagged images project; I beg to draw your attention to part 2 of the project - there are about 12,000 more images in need of tagging. Any assistance you could provide would be most welcome. thanks --Tagishsimon (talk)

Chaos Theory
Cyrloc - can you explain more about the connection between ENIAC and chaos theory that you have implied in your edit to the chaos theory article ? Since ENIAC was only used up to 1955, whereas Lorenz's pioneering work on the Lorenz attractor was not done until 1961, I would have thought ENIAC was too early to be a catalyst for the development of chaos theory. Gandalf61 09:18, Mar 3, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cyrloc


text:
2001 in Iraq

The following lists events that happened during 2001 in the Iraqi Republic.

Incumbents

 * President: Saddam Hussein
 * Prime Minister: Saddam Hussein
 * Vice President: Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf
 * Vice President: Taha Yassin Ramadan

February

 * February 16 - British and U.S. forces carry out bombing raids, attempting to disable Iraq's air defense network.
 * February 17 - Baghdad is bombed by US and UK war planes, killing three people.
 * February 19 - The Arab world and the UN Security Council criticise the attacks by the US and UK two days ago.
 * February 20 - The critics of the raids by the UK and US claim that foreign ministers are planning to refine the sanctions against Iraq.

August

 * August 27 - A U.S. Military RQ-1B Predator unmanned aerial vehicle failed to return from a routine reconnaissance mission, Iraq claims to have shot it down.

September

 * September 11 - 2,996 killed in the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, New York, The Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Saddam Hussein immediately declares that his government played no part in the attacks. Also that day a U.S. military RQ-1B Predator drone crashed near Basra, Iraq claims to have shot it down.

title: 2001 in Iraq


text:
The Light Infantry

The Light Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Light Division. The regiment was one of four 'large' regiments formed after the 1966 Defence White Paper through the amalgamation of units of the Light Infantry Brigade. Originally consisting of four battalions, it was later reduced to three battalions, and finally amalgamated into The Rifles with just two battalions which became the 5th and 3rd Battalions respectively.

History
The regiment was formed on 10 July 1968 as a large regiment by the amalgamation of the four remaining light infantry regiments of the Light Infantry Brigade:
 * Somerset and Cornwall Light Infantry
 * King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
 * King's Shropshire Light Infantry
 * Durham Light Infantry

On 31 March 1969 the 4th Battalion The Light Infantry (formerly The Durham Light Infantry) was disbanded leaving three regular battalions.

The regiment was active all through The Troubles in Northern Ireland with eight soldiers from the regiment killed in the Ballygawley bus bombing.

The remaining battalions remained in service until 1993 when they merged to form two battalions renamed 1st and 2nd Battalions.

Territorial Army

 * The Light Infantry Volunteers was formed in the Territorial Army on 1 April 1967 from the territorial battalions of the four predecessor regiments. On 1 August 1972 it was redesignated the 5th Battalion, The Light Infantry. It lost its Cornish company and its last Durham company in 1981, and in 1987 it lost its Yorkshire companies. On 1 July 1999 it amalgamated to form two companies of the new West Midlands Regiment. The West Midlands Regiment was amalgamated to form the 4th Battalion The Mercian Regiment in 2007. E (LI) Company, 4th Battalion, The Mercian Regiment, was transferred to the newly raised 8th Battalion, The Rifles, in November 2017.
 * The 6th Battalion was formed in Somerset and Cornwall on 1 April 1971. On 1 July 1999 it amalgamated to form two companies of the new Rifle Volunteers.
 * The 7th Battalion was formed in Durham and Yorkshire on 1 April 1975. It began recruiting from Durham only in 1981. On 1 July 1999 it amalgamated to form one company of the new Tyne-Tees Regiment.
 * The 8th Battalion was formed in Yorkshire on 1 January 1987. On 3 August 1996 it was converted to a reconnaissance unit as the King's Own Yorkshire Yeomanry. On 1 July 1999 it amalgamated to form one company of the new East and West Riding Regiment.

Amalgamation
In December 2004, it was announced that, as part of the planned Army restructuring published in Delivering Security in a Changing World, the Light Infantry would gain a new battalion through amalgamating with the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment and the Gloucestershire elements of the Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment. However, on 24 November 2005 it was further announced by the Ministry of Defence that, after discussions between the Light Infantry, the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment, the Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment and the Royal Green Jackets, the four regiments would amalgamate to form a single, large regiment to be named The Rifles. The new regiment was formed on 1 February 2007 with 1st Battalion, The Light Infantry becoming 5th Battalion, The Rifles and 2nd Battalion, The Light Infantry becoming 3rd Battalion, The Rifles.

Alliances

 * 🇨🇦 - The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment)
 * 🇨🇦 - Le Régiment de Maisonneuve
 * 🇨🇦 - The North Saskatchewan Regiment
 * 🇳🇿 - The Canterbury, and Nelson-Marlborough and West Coast Regiment
 * 🇵🇰 - 11th Battalion, The Baloch Regiment
 * 🇵🇰 - 1st Battalion, Sindh Regiment
 * 🇰🇪 - 1st Battalion, The Kenya Rifles
 * - Special Mobile Force
 * - The Rand Light Infantry
 * - HMS Cornwall

title: The Light Infantry


text:
Talk:Hanno (crater)

Untitled
from VfD:

No potential to become encyclopedic - it's an obscure crater on the Moon. --Jll 20:06, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Substub by anon, whose only other contribution has been self-reverted. Hanno does deserve an article, but not this one. Andrewa 21:10, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep (change of vote). Now a minimal stub, borderline but should grow. Anyone know which Hanno it's named after? Andrewa 21:37, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Hanno the Navigator, apparently. Eugene van der Pijll 22:26, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I disagree with Jll and agree with Andrewa. Delete unless expanded. _R_ 14:16, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Abstain. Not sure if this kind of topic is notable. Article is certainly poorly written, but I could imagine decent arguments going either way on whether craters on Luna or other solar bodies are worth including. I'm leaning very gently towards keep, but not enough to vote that way (yet). --Improv 17:49, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Weak keep, I did some minor expansion — siro  χ  o  19:39, Oct 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's larger than many U.S. villages with Rambot-generated entries. (Probably less inhabitants, though.) Eugene van der Pijll 22:26, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * (I've moved it to Hanno (crater) to be consistent with all other craters.) Eugene van der Pijll
 * Keep. Looks perfectly legitimate to me.   — Gwalla | Talk 00:08, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Extraterrestrial features are worth maintaining. Denni ☯ 02:31, 2004 Oct 15 (UTC)

 * Hmm, well, on the the one hand, we have a List of craters on the Moon, and it kind of looks funny that some are blue links while others are red... but on the other hand, "...The Moon is covered with tens of thousands of craters having a diameter of at least 1 kilometre...". That's a lot of potential articles about nothing more than green cheese.... func(talk) 05:06, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Keep as it is a contribution (albeit minor) to knowledge about the universe. And can we get this off the deletion page given the near overwhelming support for it. --eleuthero 23:54, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * ummm Keep. I wonder where the first Moon colony will end up?  The Steve  07:52, Oct 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep RustyCale 11:36, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep I can't think of any reason for deletion. jni 12:06, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Geographical features are encyclopedic, also when they are on other planets or moons. Thue | talk 20:37, 15 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep DCEdwards1966 17:34, Oct 18, 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

title: Talk:Hanno (crater)


text:
Collingbourne Kingston

Collingbourne Kingston is a village and civil parish about 8 mi south of the market town of Marlborough in Wiltshire, England. The village, which is on the A338 primary route between Andover and Marlborough, is one of several on the River Bourne, a seasonal river which is usually dry in summer. The parish includes the hamlets of Aughton and Brunton.

The toponym Collingbourne means the "Bourne as the stream of Cola's people". Collingbourne Kingston was so named to distinguish it from its southerly neighbour Collingbourne Ducis. Until the 14th century, Collingbourne Kingston was called Collingbourne Abbot's with reference to Hyde Abbey, Winchester, the owner of the principal manor. The change to Kingston was a reference to the appearance of Collingbourne in the Domesday Book.

Local government
The civil parish elects a parish council. It is in the area of Wiltshire Council unitary authority, which performs most significant local government functions.

The parish originally contained Collingbourne Kingston, Aughton, Brunton, Sunton, and part of Cadley hamlet. In 1934 Sunton and the part of Cadley were transferred to Collingbourne Ducis, and in 1987 the parish was further reduced when its southeast and southwest parts were also transferred to Collingbourne Ducis.

Amenities
The village has a garage. There is no post office in the village. The nearest post offices are in Collingbourne Ducis and Burbage. The nearest supermarkets are in Ludgershall, Tidworth and Pewsey.

The village has a public house with accommodation, the Barleycorn Inn, an early 19th-century coaching inn. The establishment was previously known as the Cleaver and prior to that, the Kingston Hotel.

Collingbourne Kingston had two public houses until the 1980s; the Windmill Inn is now a private house.

Education
The former school, now a bed and breakfast establishment called "The Old School House", was opened in 1845 and served the children of the local farmworkers and craftsmen. It was ahead of its time as universal education was not introduced until thirty years later. The school closed in 1978 and primary age children now attend the school in neighbouring Collingbourne Ducis.

Children of secondary school age are able to attend Pewsey Vale School, The Wellington Academy in Ludgershall and St John's in Marlborough.

Church and chapel
The Church of England parish church of Saint Mary is in the centre of the village. In 1344 its dedicatee was Saint John the Baptist but by 1763 it was dedicated to St. Mary. In 1862 it was altered and extensively restored by John Colson. It is an 11th-century Norman building and there is a possibility that it stands on the site of an earlier Saxon church. The oldest features of the church are the round Norman pillars in the nave. Each has a different capital, one with a lady facing the south door. There are four arches to the southern arcade, but only three to the northern one. There is also a canonical sundial on the south wall.

The 13th and 14th centuries gave the church its ornate chancel arch, with four depths of moulded spandrels and foliage capitals set on Purbeck marble piers. An engraving of the church in 1806 shows the original lower ridge of the nave roof, giving a better proportion to its relationship with the fine tower with its carved pinnacles and strange gargoyles. At that time there were only four round clerestory windows on each side of the north and south walls of the nave. In the 1860s the roof was raised and the clerestory windows increased to six on each side; Pevsner writes "The clerestory windows, however, are Victorian, of an oddly playful kind, quite out of keeping with the church or Wiltshire – pentagon and hexagon surrounds and cinquefoils and sexfoils".

The Conacher two manual, 1210 pipe organ came from the parish church of Lavenham, Suffolk in 1997. It was blessed by the Bishop of Salisbury who then played a piece by Bach on it. The huge canopied Pile family tomb stands to the right of the altar, and therein lie Gabriel Pile who died in 1626, and his wife Anne. The tower has six bells, the oldest from 1614; the old second bell stands in retirement in the south aisle.

The church is a Grade II* listed building and today forms part of the Savenake grouping of parishes.

Further south in the village is a Wesleyan Methodist chapel built in 1914 to replace an earlier chapel building of 1819. The chapel closed in 1985 and became a private home.

Former railway
The Swindon, Marlborough and Andover Railway was opened through the Bourne valley in 1882, becoming the Midland and South Western Junction Railway in 1884 and part of the Great Western Railway in 1923. The line passed close to the east of Collingbourne Kingston and there was a station at Collingbourne Ducis. In 1932 an unstaffed station, Collingbourne Kingston Halt, was opened where the line passed under the road to Brunton, to compete with road transport. The halt closed when the line was closed to passengers in 1961, and subsequently the track was removed.

Air crash
In 1943 a Spitfire aircraft crashed in the village, destroying the roof of a thatched cottage. The American pilot serving with the Air Transport Auxiliary, Hazel Jane Raines, was injured.

Twinning Association
🇫🇷 Collingbourne and District are twinned with Le Merlerault in Normandy, France. The twinning agreement was made on 18 April 1992.

title: Collingbourne Kingston