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Talk:Eduard Tubin

Untitled
I have found the First Symphony of Tubin to be very beautiful. I also very much was impressed with Tubin's "Idyllic Symphony" which I think is #4. His other symphonies are good but these are his top ones to me. His fifth Symphony is very good also. These works need repeated listenings to grasped the wealth and skill of development of this symphonist. The First and Fourth symphonies I would place in a tonal world somewhere between Sibelius and Shostokovich. The First has great changing and shifting tectonic plates of harmony that I find masterful. I wish some great conductor would champion more of the music of Eduard Tubin in the US. Jarvi's recordngs are very good.

 * (Response to anonymous...) I mostly agree (just listened to yet the third recording I've heard of the fifth symphony, over BBC3, not a commercial one I think?- except for 6/7/10 (maybe 5 actually?) I think the only recordings are the BIS cycle and a new one. I'd agree that the tonal qualities change with sym 5 and especially 6- maybe somewhere in the orbit Sibelius/Shostakovich/Honegger if that makes any sense for the first four, tending more towards/adding a leanness- especially a leanness and, well, forwardness of motion- associated with neoclassicism (with that 12-tonish tune in the finale of my own favorite, sym 7, yes) afterwards?? And of course - 'as mentioned in program notes' and all that - clever mixing of slow and fast tempi in the central movement of that work, like the 1940 cello concerto of Paul Hindemith- in both works' central mvts the central scherzo episode coexists with the slow main movement before the latter fully takes over again.

 * Jarvi by the way has conducted some Tubin in the USA when he's been here, not to disagree there but just to add. Regards - Schissel 03:14, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Tubin has much to offer
I agree, Tubin is a composer who I believe by all rights should be mentioned in the company of Sibelius, Shostakovich and perhaps William Walton (the last because they were born and died in nearly the same years).

Tubin is a perfect example of a brilliant talent with some unique and stunning pieces that was in the wrong place at the wrong time (the Austrian Franz Schreker comes to mind as another one of these, caught up in the rise of the Nazis rather than Tubin's unfortunate burial by the Soviets).

The Fourth Symphony (the Lyric) was nearly destroyed by bombing of the Soviets in 1944. The only copy of the score was actually singed by the fire from the bombing! This would have been a tragedy, as I think any live performance of the Fourth would have the audience on its feet at the conclusion. It's the most approachable of Tubin's works, and is also one of the few Symphonies ever written that is essentially built off a single theme in all movements! Tubin pulled off the same thematic magic in his Concertino for Piano and Orchestra as well as his Sonatina for Piano in D minor (1942).

Tubin could be said to take a great deal from Bartok and perhaps even Prokofiev in much of his music. His Piano Sonata 2 (1950)'The Northern Lights Sonata' has a bit of resemblance in the last movement to the same driving energy of Prokofiev's Sonata No. (7 op. 83). The third of his Three Pieces for Violin of 1933 has striking echoes of Bartok's Allegro Barbaro for piano (Sz 49) Also, the influence of Shostakovich (perhaps a sympathetic soul to Tubin's plight) can be clearly heard in the military percussion, the instrumental unisons and biting sarcasm of Tubin's Sixth Symphony (the opening of the third movement, marked 'Festoso' could very well have been written by Shostakovich!)

Nevertheless, even with all of these influences and echoes, Tubin's music comes through as his own, with some truly brilliant passages: Not one but two horrifying battles of dueling timpani in the Fifth Symphony, A sparkling opening of the Second Piano Sonata which earned it the Northern Lights nickname, and an utterly ravishing third movement of the Lyric Symphony).

I'm hoping that the celebration of Tubin's 100th birthday this year will raise his profile in the world. Even Mahler needed some conductors to champion his cause!

 * This would be the Soviet bombing that also pushed the Nazis out of the country, right? We're talking about the same? I hate very much the occupation that followed, but every single time I've seen a reference to the near-destruction of the 4th symphony it seems to be completely out of historical context. Much music and art has been destroyed in war, especially that horror of a war, but my relatives close and distant (I didn't have any close relatives in Estonia, no, and my own family got out of various countries by 1900 or so; this cannot however be said of the families of my friends) were being killed at the time. Please keep this in mind.

 * That said, I am very glad that a copy of the work was preserved, it is certainly beautiful. I'm even gladder the composer got to Sweden and wrote more; the 7th-9th, the Sinfonietta, are wonderful. (Just as I'm glad that a copy of the original of The Grand Illusion survived. Though the context/history there is quite different if one cares to look it up.) So don't mistake me: what I ask is a sense of perspective no more. Thanks. Schissel : bowl listen 03:09, May 31, 2005 (UTC)

Banned in the USSR?
The program notes to Volmer's recording of Tubin's 4th Symphony claim that all of Tubin's works were banned in the USSR (including Estonia of course) until "the ice was broken" by a performance in Estonia of the 4th Symphony on Tubin's 80th birthday. That would be 1985.

I find this remarkable because so much of Tubin's music is far from "formalist." Was it simply because it was considered nationalistic? If somebody has more information on this, it would be good to see it in Tubin's entry, which doesn't seem to mention the banning now. Opus131 (talk) 22:50, 1 July 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Eduard Tubin


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Deathchain

Deathchain (originally named Winterwolf) is a Finnish extreme metal band from Kuopio. The band is signed to Dynamic Arts Records and toured Europe with Candlemass and Destruction in late 2005.

Current

 * K.J. Khaos (Kai Jaakkola) - vocals
 * Corpse - guitar
 * Cult - guitar
 * Kuolio - bass
 * Kassara - drums

Former

 * Possessed Keripukki - bass
 * Telaketju - drums
 * Rotten - vocals
 * Bobby Undertaker - guitar
 * C.Void - Backing Vocals

As Winterwolf

 * Death... Will Come Your Way (Demo, 2000)
 * Blood for Death (Demo, 2001)
 * Cycle of the Werewolf (Studio album, 2009)
 * Lycanthropic Metal of Death (Studio album, 2019)

As Deathchain

 * Poltergeist (Demo, 2002)
 * Deadmeat Disciples (2003)
 * Deathchain / Deathbound (2005)
 * Deathrash Assault (2005)
 * Cult of Death (2007)
 * Death Eternal (2008)
 * Death Gods (2010)
 * Ritual Death Metal (2013)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Deathchain


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Wafer testing

Wafer testing is a step performed during semiconductor device fabrication after the back end of line (BEOL) process is finished. During this step, performed before a wafer is sent to die preparation, all individual integrated circuits that are present on the wafer are tested for functional defects by applying special test patterns to them. The wafer testing is performed by a piece of test equipment called a wafer prober. The process of wafer testing can be referred to in several ways: Wafer Final Test (WFT), Electronic Die Sort (EDS) and Circuit Probe (CP) are probably the most common.

Wafer prober
A wafer prober is a machine used for integrated circuits verification against designed functionality. It's either manual or automatic test equipment. For electrical testing a set of microscopic contacts or probes called a probe card are held in place whilst the wafer, vacuum-mounted on a wafer chuck, is moved into electrical contact. When a die (or array of dice) have been electrically tested the prober moves the wafer to the next die (or array) and the next test can start. The wafer prober is usually responsible for loading and unloading the wafers from their carrier (or cassette) and is equipped with automatic pattern recognition optics capable of aligning the wafer with sufficient accuracy to ensure accurate registration between the contact pads on the wafer and the tips of the probes.

For today's multi-die packages such as stacked chip-scale package (SCSP) or system in package (SiP) – the development of non-contact (RF) probes for identification of known tested die (KTD) and known good die (KGD) are critical to increasing overall system yield.

The wafer prober also exercises any test circuitry on the wafer scribe lines. Some companies get most of their information about device performance from these scribe line test structures.

When all test patterns pass for a specific die, its position is remembered for later use during IC packaging. Sometimes a die has internal spare resources available for repairing (i.e. flash memory IC); if it does not pass some test patterns these spare resources can be used. If redundancy of failed die is not possible the die is considered faulty and is discarded. Non-passing circuits are typically marked with a small dot of ink in the middle of the die, or the information of passing/non-passing is stored in a file, named a wafermap. This map categorizes the passing and non-passing dies by making use of bins. A bin is then defined as a good or bad die. This wafermap is then sent to the die attachment process which then only picks up the passing circuits by selecting the bin number of good dies. The process where no ink dot is used to mark the bad dies is named substrate mapping. When ink dots are used, vision systems on subsequent die handling equipment can disqualify the die by recognizing the ink dot.

In some very specific cases, a die that passes some but not all test patterns can still be used as a product, typically with limited functionality. The most common example of this is a microprocessor for which only one part of the on-die cache memory is functional. In this case, the processor can sometimes still be sold as a lower cost part with a smaller amount of memory and thus lower performance. Additionally when bad dies have been identified, the die from the bad bin can be used by production personnel for assembly line setup.

The contents of all test patterns and the sequence by which they are applied to an integrated circuit are called the test program.

After IC packaging, a packaged chip will be tested again during the IC testing phase, usually with the same or very similar test patterns. For this reason, it may be thought that wafer testing is an unnecessary, redundant step. In reality this is not usually the case, since the removal of defective dies saves the considerable cost of packaging faulty devices. However, when the production yield is so high that wafer testing is more expensive than the packaging cost of defect devices, the wafer testing step can be skipped altogether and dies will undergo blind assembly.

title: Wafer testing


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Sing Sing Death House

Sing Sing Death House is the second studio album by the American punk rock band The Distillers, released in 2002 on Hellcat Records. The song "Seneca Falls" was featured in the game Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 and is a reference to the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848.

Recording and production
Sing Sing Death House was recorded in a week. Production was rushed as the band was supposed to have the album completed within two weeks. However, after their engineer disappeared during the recording sessions, the band was forced to rush the album to meet deadlines. Following its completion, Epitaph delayed its release for nine months.

Composition and lyrics
The lyrics on Sing Sing Death House are more direct than on the band's self-titled debut album. This came about due to criticism of the album's nonsensical lyrics in a review written by The Village Voice, which greatly affected Brody. Brody called the review "scathing and hilarious and life-altering", but was grateful for the review's honesty.

Critical reception
Andrew Bregman from AllMusic noted the album is "a story with an uncharacteristic ending that punks born of squalor can rise up and create music as impassioned and relatively positive as this", also calling it "authentic". In a 2003 piece called "Bands to Watch," Tim Kenneally from Spin wrote, "the band conjures the spirit of ’77 with razor-bladeriffery while [Brody] shouts about urban blight, school shootings, and her troubled youth".

Track listing
All tracks written by Brody Dalle except where noted.
 * 1) "Sick of it all" – 3:10
 * 2) "I am a Revenant" – 3:28
 * 3) "Seneca Falls" – 3:01
 * 4) "The young crazed Peeling" – 3:16
 * 5) "Sing Sing Death House" – 1:43
 * 6) "Bullet & the Bullseye" – 1:12
 * 7) "City of Angels" – 3:29
 * 8) "Young Girl" – 2:42
 * 9) "Hate me" (Dalle, Mazzola) – 1:10
 * 10) "Desperate" – 1:22
 * 11) "I understand" – 1:47
 * 12) "Lordy Lordy" – 2:19

Personnel

 * Brody Dalle – guitar, vocals
 * Casper Mazzola – guitar, vocals
 * Andy Outbreak – drums
 * Ryan Sinn – bass, vocals

Production
 * The Distillers – producers
 * Donnell Cameron – engineer
 * Dave Carlock – engineer
 * Kevin Guarnieri – engineer, mixing
 * Brett Gurewitz – engineer, mixing
 * Brody Dalle – artwork
 * Andy Outbreak – artwork
 * C.F. Martin – layout design, construction
 * Paul Miner – layout design, construction
 * Knowles Allen – photography

title: Sing Sing Death House


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Johnny Clarke

Johnny Clarke (born 12 January 1955) is a Jamaican reggae musician, best known for his recordings with producer Bunny Lee in the 1970s.

Biography
Clarke grew up in the Kingston ghetto of Whitfield Town and attended Jamaica College. In 1971 he won a talent contest in Bull Bay, his prize a meeting with producer Clancy Eccles, with whom he recorded his first song, "God Made the Sea and the Sun", the following year. The single didn't sell well, and disappointed with the lack of promotion from Eccles, he moved on to Rupie Edwards, who produced Clarke's first hits in 1973, with "Everyday Wondering" and "Julie". In 1974, Clarke moved on again, recording "Jump Back Baby" for Glen Brown, before beginning a long association with Bunny Lee and his band The Aggrovators in 1974. "None Shall Escape the Judgement" was an immediate success and became the title track on Clarke's debut album.

Clarke was named Artist of the Year in Jamaica in both 1975 and 1976, and became one of the most popular singers on the island, mixing original songs with covers of popular reggae songs by other artists, and mixing roots and lovers-themed material. Many of Clarke's songs concern his faith as a Rasta and the beliefs of the Rastafari movement, including anti-violence (as on "Let Go Violence") and legalization of marijuana ("Legalize It"). He helped define the "Flying Cymbals" period that preceded the "Roots Rockers" sound of the mid- to late 1970s. Clarke was one of the first Jamaican artists signed to Virgin Records' Frontline subsidiary in 1976, releasing the albums Authorized Version and Rockers Time Now on the label. Clarke enjoyed further hits in the early 1980s with producer S Douglas, before working again with Lee. His popularity in Jamaica, however, declined, and he relocated to London in 1983, recording with Mad Professor, as well as further recordings for Jamaican producers King Tubby, Errol Thompson, and Prince Jammy. He has since occasionally reappeared with new material - Rasta Nuh Fear in 1992, and Rock With Me in 1997 - and continues to tour regularly. His song "None Shall Escape the Judgement" was featured on the Trojan roots compilations.

Clarke is known for his so-called "African Roots" or knee-length dreadlocks, which, when performing live, he frequently conceals inside a large hat. At the climax of his concert, he removes his hat, revealing his "African Roots" to the audience.

He set up his own Hit Machine label, his first album on the label being Jamaica 50 Johnny Clarke Sing Then Dub Them, released in 2012 to coincide with the 50th anniversary of Jamaican independence.

Studio albums

 * None Shall Escape (1974) Total Sounds
 * Moving Out (1975) Total Sounds
 * Enter Into His Gates With Praise (1975)
 * Sings In Fine Style (1975)
 * I'm Gonna Put It On (1975) Vulcan
 * No Woman No Cry (1976) Total Sounds
 * Authorised Version (1976) Frontline
 * Rocker's Time Now (1976) Frontline
 * Don't Stay Out Late (1976) Paradise
 * Up Park Camp (1977) Justice
 * Girl I Love You (1977) Justice
 * Sweet Conversation (1978) Third World
 * King of the Arena (1978) Third World
 * Satisfaction (1979) Third World
 * Down In a Babylon (1980) Cha Cha
 * I Man Come Again (1982) Black Music
 * Yard Style (1983) Ariwa
 * Reggae Party (1984)
 * Sly & Robbie Present the Best of Johnny Clarke (1985) Vista Sounds
 * Give Thanks (1985) Ariwa
 * Enter into His Gates with praise (1989) Attack
 * Rasta Nuh Fear (1992) Sonic Sounds
 * Don't trouble trouble (1994) Attack
 * Rock With Me (1997)
 * Reggae Heights (2003) Mafia & Fluxy
 * Jamaica 50 Johnny Clarke Sing Then Dub Them (2012), Hit Machine

title: Johnny Clarke


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User talk:Ret3

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
 * How to edit a page; Editing tutorial; Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article; Naming conventions; Manual of Style

Whosyourjudas (talk) 02:41, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ret3


text:
User talk:Goki

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
 * How to edit a page; Editing tutorial; Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article; Naming conventions; Manual of Style

Whosyourjudas (talk) 02:42, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:51, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Goki


text: Talk:Sing Sing Death House

title: Talk:Sing Sing Death House


text:
Tochmarc Étaíne

Tochmarc Étaíne, meaning "The Wooing of Étaín/Éadaoin", is an early text of the Irish Mythological Cycle, and also features characters from the Ulster Cycle and the Cycles of the Kings. It is partially preserved in the manuscript known as the Lebor na hUidre (c. 1106), and completely preserved in the Yellow Book of Lecan (c. 1401), written in language believed to date to the 8th or 9th century. It tells of the lives and loves of Étaín, a beautiful mortal woman of the Ulaid, and her involvement with Aengus and Midir of the Tuatha Dé Danann. It is frequently cited as a possible source text for the Middle English Sir Orfeo. Harvard professor Jeffrey Gantz describes the text as displaying the "poetic sense of law" in Irish legal society.

The story
Although the manuscript evidence is not entirely clear on this, the editors Best and Bergin have divided Tochmarc Étaíne (TE) into three subtales, TE I (§§ 10), TE II (§§ 11-14) and TE III (§§ 14-26).

TE I

 * 1) The story begins with the conception of Aengus by the Dagda and Boand, wife of Elcmar. Aengus is fostered by Midir, and when he grows up takes possession of Brug na Boinne from Elcmar.
 * 2) Midir visits Aengus, but is blinded by a sprig of holly thrown by boys playing the Brug, and after he has been healed by the physician Dian Cecht, he demands compensation from Aengus: among other things, the hand of the most beautiful woman in Ireland. He has already identified this woman: Étaín, daughter of Ailill, king of the Ulaid. To win her for Midir, Aengus has to perform various tasks for Ailill, including clearing plains and diverting rivers, as well pay her weight in gold and silver. Midir takes Étaín as his wife.
 * 3) However, Midir's first wife, Fúamnach, out of jealousy, turns her into a pool of water, out of which, as it evaporates, emerges a beautiful purple fly. Midir knows the fly is Étaín, and she accompanies him wherever he goes. But Fúamnach conjures up a storm which blows the fly away, and she drifts for seven years before landing on Aengus's clothing, exhausted. Aengus makes her a crystal bower which he carries around with him, until she returns to health. Fuamnach conjures up another storm and blows her away from Aengus, and after another seven years she lands in a golden cup in the hand of the wife of Étar, a warrior of the Ulaid, in the time of Conchobar mac Nessa. Étar's wife drinks from the cup, swallows the fly, and becomes pregnant. Étaín is reborn, 1,012 years after her first birth. Meanwhile, Aengus hunts down Fúamnach and cuts off her head.

TE II
The High King of Ireland, Eochu Airem, seeks a wife, because the provincial kings will not submit to a king with no queen. He sends messengers to find the most beautiful woman in Ireland, and they find Étaín. He falls in love with her and marries her, but his brother Ailill also falls for her, and wastes away with unrequited love. Eochu leaves Tara on a tour of Ireland, leaving Étaín with the dying Ailill, who tells her the cause of his sickness, which he says would be cured if she gave the word. She tells him she wants him to be well, and he begins to get better, but says the cure will only be complete if she agrees to meet him on the hill above the house, so as not to shame the king in his own house. She agrees to do so three times, but each time she goes to meet him, she in fact meets Midir, who has put Ailill to sleep and taken his appearance. On the third occasion Midir reveals his identity and tells Étaín who he really is, but she does not know him. She finally agrees to go with him, but only if Eochu agrees to let her go.

TE III
Later, after Ailill has fully recovered and Eochu has returned home, Midir comes to Tara and challenges Eochu to play fidchell, an ancient Irish board game, with him. They play for ever increasing stakes. Eochu keeps winning, and Midir has to pay up. One such game compels Midir to build a causeway across the bog of Móin Lámrige: the Corlea Trackway, a wooden causeway built across a bog in County Longford, dated by dendrochronology to 148 BC, is a real-life counterpart to this legendary road. Finally, Midir suggests they play for a kiss and an embrace from Étaín, and this time he wins. Eochu tells Midir to come back in a year for his winnings, and gathers his best warriors at Tara to prepare for his return. Despite the heavy guard, Midir appears inside the house. Eochu agrees that Midir may embrace Étaín, but when he does, the pair fly away through the skylight, turning into swans as they do so.

Eochu instructs his men to dig up every síd (fairy-mound) in Ireland until his wife is returned to him. Finally, when they set to digging at Midir's síd at Brí Léith, Midir appears and promises to give Étaín back. But at the appointed time, Midir brings fifty women, who all look alike, and tells Eochu to pick which one is Étaín. He chooses the woman he thinks is his wife, takes her home and sleeps with her. She becomes pregnant and bears him a daughter. Later, Midir appears and tells him that Étaín had been pregnant when he took her, and the woman Eochu had chosen was his own daughter, who had been born in Midir's síd. Out of shame, Eochu orders the daughter of their incestuous union to be exposed, but she is found and brought up by a herdsman and his wife, and later marries Eochu's successor Eterscél and becomes the mother of the High King Conaire Mór (in Togail Bruidne Dá Derga she is named as Mess Búachalla and is the daughter of Étaín and Eochu Feidlech). The story ends with Eochu's death at the hands of Sigmall Cael, Midir's grandson.

Influence
The chivalric romance Sir Orfeo, retelling the story of Orpheus as a king rescuing his wife from the fairy king, shows so many motifs in common with this tale that it appears to have been a major influence on Sir Orfeo.

Manuscript sources

 * H 2.16 or Yellow Book of Lecan (YBL), col. 876–877 (= facs. p 175a-b) (Dublin, Trinity College Library). Middle part.
 * G 4 ((Dublin, National Library of Ireland). Vellum fragment formerly belonging to the main part of the Yellow Book of Lecan) col. 985-97.
 * Egerton MS 1782, fo. 106r-108v (London, British Library). Middle part as incorporated into Togail Bruidne Da Derga
 * 23 E 25 or Lebor na hUidre (LU), 10636-10707; 10790-10915 (Dublin, Royal Irish Academy).
 * H 3.18, p. 605–606 (Dublin, Trinity College Library). Glossed extracts.

Editions and translations

 * Müller, Edward (ed. and tr.). "Two Irish Tales. 2. The History of Aillel and Etain." Revue Celtique 3 (1878): 351–60 [Egerton 1782].
 * Windisch, Ernst (ed.). "Tochmarc Étáine: 'Das Freien um Etain'." In Irische Texte mit Übersetzungen und Wörterbuch 1 (1891). 113-133. Egerton and LU versions.
 * Stern, Ludwig Christian (ed. and tr.). "Das Märchen von Étáin." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 5 (1905): 523-36. LU and glossed extracts from H 3.18.
 * Bergin, Osborn and R.I. Best (eds.). "Tochmarc Étaíne." Ériu 12 (1934–38): 137-96. Based on G4 and YBL.
 * Thurneysen, Rudolf (tr.). "Etain und Ailill Anguba." In Sagen aus dem alten Irland, ed. R. Thurneysen. Berlin, 1901. 77ff. Based on recension II from YBL and LU.
 * Leahy, Arthur Herbert (ed. and tr.). "Courtship of Etain." In Heroic Romances of Ireland 2 vols. London, 1905-06. Vol 1: 1-32 (introduction and translation from LU and Egerton), vol 2: 143–61 (edition and translation from conclusion of LU).
 * Dillon, Myles. "Tochmarc Étaíne." In Irish Sagas. Dublin, 1959. 11-23. Based on a combination of sources.
 * Guyonvarc'h, Christian J. (tr.). "La Courtise d'Étaín." Celticum 15 (1966): 283-327. (French)
 * Gantz, Jeffrey (tr.). "The Wooing of Étaíne." In Early Irish myths and sagas. London, 1981. 39-59. Based on a combination of sources.
 * Tigges, Wim (ed.), Tochmarc Étaíne: An Old Irish Narrative. Leiden/The Hague, 2015. Based on Bergin and Best. Contains introduction, full text (standardized), commentary and glossary.

title: Tochmarc Étaíne


text:
File:DavieVillage-1.png

Davie Village street banners, photo by John Trueman

title: File:DavieVillage-1.png


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Sherman Oaks Center for Enriched Studies

Sherman Oaks Center for Enriched Studies is a magnet public school in the San Fernando Valley, Los Angeles, California, United States.

Despite the name, SOCES is located in the Tarzana section of Los Angeles on the former campus of Sequoia Junior High School. (Prior to 1980, the campus was located at the site of present-day Sherman Oaks Elementary School in the Sherman Oaks section of Los Angeles). The school is a part of the Los Angeles Unified School District.

SOCES is a California Distinguished School at which students can stay from 4th through 12th grade. SOCES is listed as a national gold-rated school and is one of the "Best High Schools in America" according to U.S. News & World Report. The school is also listed in the Washington Post's "America's Most Challenging High Schools". The school was named a National Magnet School of Distinction by the Magnet Schools of America in 2008 and 2009. As of July 2007, the school was issued a full six-year term of accreditation by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges' accreditation process. SOCES has a three-year average Academic Performance Index score of 888 as of September 2014.

Notable alumni

 * Anton Yelchin - actor
 * Cameron Boyce - actor


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Richard Burke (Irish politician)

Richard Burke (29 March 1932 – 15 March 2016) was an Irish Fine Gael politician who served as European Commissioner for Interinstitutional Relations and Administration from 1982 to 1985, European Commissioner for Taxation, Consumer Affairs, Transport and Parliamentary Relations from 1977 to 1981 and Minister for Education from 1973 to 1976. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1969 to 1976 and from 1981 to 1982.

Early life and education
Burke was born in Brooklyn, New York City, in 1932. He was raised in Upperchurch, County Tipperary, and educated at the Christian Brothers School, Thurles. He went on to study at University College Dublin (UCD) and King's Inns. He worked as a teacher before embarking on a political career.

Political career
His first political involvement was with the Christian Democrat Party founded by Seán Loftus. However, he soon became a member of Fine Gael, becoming a member of Dublin County Council in 1967. Two years later, in 1969, he was elected to Dáil Éireann for the first time, becoming a TD for Dublin County South. He was immediately appointed Fine Gael Chief Whip by party leader Liam Cosgrave.

In 1973, a new Fine Gael–Labour Party coalition government was formed, and Burke was appointed Minister for Education. He joined the Taoiseach, Liam Cosgrave, in voting against the government's own Control of Importation, Sale and Manufacture of Contraceptives Bill 1974. In December 1976, he was nominated as Ireland's European Commissioner, chosen ahead of fellow minister Justin Keating of Labour to succeed Patrick Hillery, who returned to become President of Ireland. Burke resigned his seat in the Dáil in January 1977 to take up his position.

He took office in the Jenkins Commission as commissioner for taxation, consumer affairs, transport. On the completion of his four-year term as a European commissioner, he accepted an invitation to stand at the 1981 general election for Fine Gael in June, on returning to Ireland from Harvard University after his fellowship year at Leverett House from 1980 to 1981. He was elected a TD for Dublin West.

However, Burke was not appointed to the short-lived cabinet of Garret FitzGerald. At the February 1982 election, he retained his seat, but Fine Gael lost office. Charles Haughey formed a minority Fianna Fáil government with the support of independent deputies. Haughey's government nominated Burke for acceptance by the European Council and European Parliament as a European commissioner, avoiding a depletion of the government's numbers. Being appointed for the second time his seniority resulted in his nomination as a vice-president of the Commission.

Later life and death
After Burke left politics at the Irish and European levels, he became president and chief executive officer of the Stichting Canon Foundation in Europe, roles he held until his retirement in 1998.

Burke married Mary in 1968, and they had six children. Burke died on 15 March 2016 in Dublin. He was predeceased by his son Joseph.

title: Richard Burke (Irish politician)


text:
The Line of Beauty

The Line of Beauty is a 2004 Man Booker Prize-winning novel by Alan Hollinghurst.

Plot
The novel is set in Britain in three parts, taking place in 1983, 1986 and 1987. The story surrounds the young gay protagonist, Nick Guest. Nick is middle-class and from the fictional market town of Barwick in Northamptonshire; he has graduated from Worcester College, Oxford with a First in English and is to begin postgraduate studies at University College London. Many of the significant characters in the novel are Nick's male contemporaries from Oxford.

The book explores the tension between Nick's intimate relationship with the Fedden family, in whose parties and holidays he participates, and the realities of his sexuality and gay life, which the Feddens accept only to the extent of never mentioning it. It explores themes of hypocrisy, privilege, drugs, and homosexuality, with the emerging AIDS crisis forming a backdrop to the book's conclusion.

"The Love Chord" (1983)
The novel begins in the summer of 1983, shortly after Margaret Thatcher's second victory in the general election. Nick moves into the luxurious Notting Hill home of the Fedden family. The Feddens' son, Toby, is Nick's Oxford University classmate on whom he has a secret crush. Nick's stay is meant to last for a short time while Toby and his parents—Rachel, the daughter of an extremely wealthy Rothschild-like Jewish family, and Gerald, a successful businessman and just-elected Conservative MP for Barwick—are at their holiday home in France. Left at home with Nick is the Feddens' daughter Catherine whom the Feddens are reluctant to leave on her own because of her history of self-harming. Nick helps Cat through a crisis when she considers cutting herself, and when her parents return they suggest he stay on indefinitely, since Cat has become attached to him and Toby is moving into his own place.

Nick dates Leo Charles, a black man from Willesden in his late 20s, whom he meets through a lonely hearts column. As Leo lives with his religious mother and Nick feels restricted in the Fedden household, the two conduct their sexual affair almost entirely outside in public parks and side streets.

Leo also introduces Nick to Pete, his middle-aged former lover who runs an antiques shop, like Nick's father, and who is sickly.

"To Whom Do You Beautifully Belong?" (1986)
Having never moved out, Nick is now a permanent member of the Fedden household. He spends most of his time with Wani Ouradi, one of his Oxford contemporaries, the son of a rich Lebanese businessman. Despite the fact that Nick is openly gay, Wani appears to have a female fiancée and remains closeted, so their relationship is kept secret. Though Nick is finishing his doctorate on Henry James, he spends most of his time living a decadent lifestyle of drugs and sex with Wani who lavishes him with money and expensive gifts. To cover their relationship Wani pretends Nick is helping him write a screenplay of The Spoils of Poynton as well as helping him establish Ogee, a luxury magazine Wani wants to create.

Nick discovers by accident that Gerald is having an affair with his assistant, Penny, which disturbs his view of the Feddens.

Catherine has now been diagnosed as being bipolar and is on lithium, which helps to control her mood swings. She realizes that Nick is having an affair with Wani when the two of them spend time at the Feddens' French country home.

A party is thrown for Rachel and Gerald's 25th wedding anniversary. Nick meets Margaret Thatcher for the first time and, high on coke, asks her to dance, which she accepts.

"The End of the Street" (1987)
In 1987 on election day Nick goes to vote and does not vote for the Conservative candidate but a member of the Green party. He is visited by Leo's sister at the Ogee office where he learns that Leo died a few weeks before of AIDS and his sister is trying to warn all his former lovers. Nick spends election night at home alone with Catherine. Nick watches as his former gay university friend Polly is elected an MP at 28 and Gerald barely scrapes back in his seat. He later has a working lunch with two possible gay film investors. Wani arrives late. He has AIDS and is wasting away. Wani offers to leave Nick some property that he owns as it will ensure Nick's financial security for the rest of his life. He also warns Nick that a scandal over improperly managed funds will soon be breaking around Gerald.

Going home Nick finds that the scandal has already broken. A boisterous Cat, now overly energetic thanks to her medication, has Nick drive her to a location where they find Penny and Gerald together. Cat exposes their affair, which forces Gerald to resign as an MP and causes resentment between Rachel and Nick, where Rachel blames Nick for her own lack of responsibility regarding Cat, and contends Nick never truly understood that his role was to take care of Catherine, not indulge her.

Shortly after, the press (who have been camped outside the Feddens' home), publish a story on Wani and Nick, causing greater scandal. Gerald uses Nick as a scapegoat and accuses him of attaching himself to the family and then wrecking them because of his homosexuality.

Nick goes to live with Wani and views the first and final issue of Ogee. He goes back to the Feddens' house to collect his things, knowing they are absent for a wedding, and runs into Penny, who reveals that she is going to continue her affair with Gerald. Nick leaves the Feddens' house for the final time, and muses on the HIV test he is having done the next day, which he imagines will be positive.

Title
The title of the book refers to the Line of Beauty — the double "S" of the ogee shape, a shape which "swings both ways". William Hogarth, in his 1753 book The Analysis of Beauty, describes how beauty itself is embodied in the shape, which protagonist Nick Guest uses to describe Wani's body. In contrast, other characters describe lines of cocaine as "beautiful". Nick also describes being motivated by beauty for its own sake, a character trait that the other characters cannot relate to.

Major themes
The book touches upon the emergence of HIV/AIDS, as well as the relationship between politics and homosexuality, and its ambivalent acceptance within the 1980s Conservative Party and mainstream society. The book also considers heterosexual hypocrisy regarding homosexual promiscuity. Finally, an underlying theme is the nature of beauty. Nick is attracted to physical beauty in art and in men. However, he pays a price for his choices: his beautiful lover Wani is a self-hating homosexual, and the Feddens' home (in which Nick Guest remains a guest) is filled with both exquisite art and vile hypocrisy. The novel also deals with the "coming out" experience of Nick and of gay men in general.

The novel explores the question of whether a gay man can remain apolitical in a homophobic society. Nick's dance with Margaret Thatcher has overtones of a dance with the devil.

Social and economic classes are also a major theme: Nick envies the house, connections and mannerism of the Fedden family. It is made particularly apparent when the Fedden and Nick visit Toby's aristocratic uncle, who owns several rare pieces of furniture and books. Nick acknowledges the value of those objects because his father is an antiquarian. He is happy to see the furniture as a visitor, a friend of the family, and not as the son of a merchant.

The book refers frequently to the life and works of Henry James.

Critical Reception
Upon release, The Line of Beauty was generally well-received among the British press. On Metacritic, the book received a 89 out of 100 based on 22 critic reviews. According to Book Marks, the book received "rave" reviews based on 11 critic reviews with 8 being "rave" and 1 being "positive" and 2 being "mixed".

Hollinghurst has received praise for his portrayal of life among the privileged governing classes during the early to middle 1980s. The novel has been compared to Anthony Powell's A Dance to the Music of Time, with special regard to Powell's character Nicholas Jenkins. The protagonist has also been likened to Nick Carraway in F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby. James Wood, writing for The New Republic, praised the novel, calling it "an ample and sophisticated delight, charged with hundreds of delicate impressions and insights, and scores of vital and lovely sentences", although he criticized the ending as a "somewhat trite and anachronistic vision of the homosexual as a figure always doomed to be unhoused and exiled from happiness, solitary and lonely, without family or friends, always nostalgic for a bosom that has always, if only secretly, rejected him."

Margaret Thatcher's appearance has been compared to that of Kurtz in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness; Sir Maurice Tipper and his wife have been compared to Evelyn Waugh characters.

Awards and Lists
The book continued to receive acclaim among many critics lists. According to The Greatest Books, a site that aggregates book lists, it is "The 867th greatest book of all time". The book won the 2004 Man Booker Prize. In 2019, the novel was ranked 38th on The Guardian's list of the 100 best books of the 21st century.

Television adaptation
In 2006, a three-part television adaptation was broadcast by the BBC, and later released on DVD. Dan Stevens plays Nick Guest, with Oliver Coleman as Toby, Alice Krige as Rachel, and Tim McInnerny as Gerald.

title: The Line of Beauty


text:
Uch

Uch, frequently referred to as Uch Sharīf (
 * "Noble Uch"), is a historic city in the southern part of Pakistan's Punjab province. Uch may have been founded as Alexandria on the Indus, a town founded by Alexander the Great during his invasion of the Indus Valley. Uch was an early stronghold of the Delhi Sultanate during the Muslim conquest of the subcontinent. It is also known as the home for the Naqvi/Bukhari's after the migration from Bukhara. Uch was a regional metropolitan centre between the 12th and 17th centuries, and became refuge for Muslim religious scholars fleeing persecution from other lands. Though Uch is now a relatively small city, it is renowned for its intact historic urban fabric, and for its collection of shrines dedicated to Muslim mystics (Sufis) from 12th-15th centuries that are embellished with extensive tile work, and were built in the distinct  architectural style of southern Punjab.

Etymology
Uch Sharif was previous known by the name of Bhatiah until the 12th century. The origins of the city's current name are unclear. In one legend, Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari, the renowned Central Asian Sufi mystic from Bukhara, arrived in Uch and converted the daughter of the town's ruler, Sunandapuri. Upon her conversion, Jalaluddin Bukhari requested her to build a fortress which he named Uch, or "High." According to another version of the legend, the princess converted by Bukhari was actually a Buddhist princess named Ucha Rani, and the city's name derives from her. In another version of that legend, Ucha Rani. Uch was not universally recognized as the area's name for quite some time, and the city was not referred to by early Muslim historians by the name Uch. Uch, for example, is likely the town recorded as Bhatia that was invaded by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1006.

Early
Uch Sharif may have been founded in 325 BCE by Alexander the Great as the city of Alexandria on the Indus (Greek: Ἀλεξάνδρεια ἡ ἐν Ἰνδῷ), according to British officer and archaeologist Alexander Cunningham. The city was reportedly settled by natives of the Greek region of Thrace, and was located at the confluence of the Acesines river with the Indus. Uch was once located on the banks of the Indus River, though the river has since shifted its course, and the confluence of the two rivers has shifted approximately 40 km (25 miles) southwest.

Medieval
In 712 CE, Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Uch. Few details exist of the city in the centuries prior to his invasion. Uch was probably the town recorded as Bhatia that was conquered in 1006 by Mahmud of Ghazni. Following the schism between the Nizari and Musta'li sects of Ismaili Shi'ism in 1094, Uch became a centre of Nizari missionary activity for several centuries, and today the town and surrounding region are littered with numerous tombs of prominent pīrs, as well as pious daughters and wives of those Sufi pirs.

The region around Uch and Multan remained centre of Hindu Vaishnavite and Surya pilgrimage throughout the medieval era. Their interactions with Ismaili tradition resulted in the creation of the Satpanth tradition. Throughout this era, Uch was at the centre of a region that was steeped in both Vedic and Islamic traditions. The city would later become a centre of Suhrwadi Sufism, with the establishment of the order by Bahauddin Zakariya in nearby Multan in the early 1200s.

Muhammad of Ghor conquered Uch and nearby Sultan in 1176 while it was still under the influence of the Ismaili Qarmatians. The town was likely captured from the Soomras based in Sindh. Sindh's various dynasties had for centuries attempted to keep Uch and Multan under their sway.

Mamluk sultanate
Soomra power was eroded by the advance of Nasir ad-Din Qabacha of what would later become the Mamluk dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. Qabacha was declared Governor of Uch in 1204. Under his rule, Uch became the principal city of Upper Sindh. Qabacha declared independence for his principality centred on Uch and Multan after the death of Sultan Aybak in 1211, before marching onwards to capture Lahore, thereby placing Qabacha's new Uch Sultanate in conflict with Sultan Iltutmish in Delhi. Qabacha briefly lost control of Uch to Taj al-Din Yildiz, though Uch was quickly returned to Qabacha's rule.

While the power struggle ensued among Qabacha and Iltuthmish, Uch came under further pressure from the Khwarazmian dynasty based in Samarkand that had been displaced by the Mongol armies of Genghis Khan. Following the defeat of his father by the Mongols in the mid 1210s, the last Khwarazmian Sultan, Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu, sacked and conquered Uch in 1224 after Qabacha refused to aid him in a campaign against Genghis Khan. Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu was finally defeated by Genghis Khan in 1224 in a battle at Uch, and was forced to flee to Persia. Khan attacked Multan on his return to Iran in 1224, though Sultan Qabacha was able to successfully defend that city. Despite repeated invasions, the city remained a great centre of Muslim scholarship, as evidenced by the appointment of the renowned Persian historian Minhaj-i-Siraj as chief of the city's Firozi madrasa.

In 1228, Qabacha's forces, weakened by Mongol and Khwarazmian invasions, lost Uch to Sultan Iltutmish of Delhi, and fled south to Bhakkar in Sindh, where he was eventually captured and drowned in the Indus River as punishment. Following the collapse of Qabacha's sultanate at the hands of Mongols and Khwarazmians, and the degradation of Lahore from years of conflict there, Muslim power in north India shifted away from Punjab and towards the safer environs Delhi.

Mongol and Timurid invasions
One of Uch's most celebrated saints, Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari, migrated to Uch from Bukhara in 1244–45. In 1245–46, the Mongols again invaded Uch under Möngke Khan after receiving aid from the local Khokhar tribes. in 1252, forces from Delhi were sent to the region in order to secure Uch from Mongol raiders, though Uch was again raided in 1258. Uch was raided yet again by Mongols in 1304 and 1305. Following the 1305 invasion, Uch came under the governorship of Ghazi Malik the governor of Multan and Depalpur, who would later seize Delhi and come to be known as Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, founder of the Tughlaq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. Uch was captured in 1398 by Pir Muhammad ibn Jahangir, grandson of Tamerlane, allowing Khizr Khan to regain control of the area, before joining with the forces of the elder Tamerlane to sack Delhi and establish the Sayyid dynasty in 1414.

Langah sultanate
Uch Sharif then came under the control of the Langah Sultanate in the early 15th century, founded in nearby Multan by Budhan Khan, who assumed the title Mahmud Shah. During the rule of Shah Husayn Langah, large numbers of Baloch settlers were invited to settle in the region. The city was placed under the jagir governorship of a Samma prince. In the mid-1400s, Muhammad Ghaus Gilani, a descendant of the Persian saint Abdul Qadir Gilani, established a Khanqah monastery in Uch, thereby establishing the city as a centre of the Qadiriyya Sufi order which would later become the dominant order of Punjab. Following the death of Shah Husayn, Uch's Samma rulers quickly allied themselves with Baloch chieftain Mir Chakar Rind.

Mughal
Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, is believed to have visited Uch Sharif in the early 1500s, and left behind 5 relics, after meeting with the descendants of Jalaludin Bukhari. In 1525 Uch was invaded by rulers of the Arghun dynasty of northern Sindh, before falling to the forces of Pashtun king Sher Shah Suri in 1540.

Mughal Emperor Humayun entered Uch in late 1540, but was not welcomed by the city's inhabitants, and was defeated by the forces of Sher Shah Suri. The city reverted to Arghun rule following the expulsion of Humayun, and the fall of Sher Shah Suri's short-lived empire.

Uch Sharif became a part of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Akbar, and the city was a district of Multan province. Under Mughal rule, the city continued to flourish as a centre of religious scholarship. It was listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a pargana in sarkar Multan, counted as part of the Bīrūn-i Panjnad ("Beyond the Five Rivers"). It was assessed at 1,910,140 dams in revenue and supplied a force of 100 cavalry and 400 infantry.

In 1680, the renowned Punjabi poet, Bulleh Shah, who is regarded as a saint by both Sufis and Sikhs, was born in Uch. In 1751, Uch was attacked by Sardar Jahan Khan, general in the army of Ahmad Shah Durrani.

Under the State of Bahawalpur
Uch Sharif came under the control of the Bahawalpur princely state, which declared independence in 1748 following the collapse of the Durrani empire. Bahawalpur had become a vassal of the Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, before becoming a dependency of the British Empire defined under an 1833 treaty. By 1836, the ruling Abbasi family stopped paying tribute to the Sikhs, and declared independence. Bahawalpur's ruling Abbasi family aligned themselves with the British during the First and Second Anglo-Sikh Wars, thereby guaranteeing its survival as a princely state.

Flooding in the early 19th century caused serious damage to many of the city's tombs, including structural problems and the deterioration of masonry and finishes.

Modern
Upon the independence of Pakistan in 1947, Uch Sharif had a population of around 2–3,000 people. As part of Bahawalpur state, Uch Sharif was acceded to the new Pakistani state, but remained part of the autonomous Bahawalpur state until 1955 when it was fully amalgamated into Pakistan. Uch remains a relatively small city, but is an important tourist and pilgrimage destination on account of its numerous tombs and shrines.

Geography
Uch Sharif is located 84 km away from Bahawalpur. Formerly located at the confluence of the Indus and Chenab rivers, the river shifted course, and is now 25 mi from that confluence, which has moved to Mithankot. The city now lies on a large Alluvial plain near south of the Chenab river. To the southeast lay the vast expanses of the Cholistan Desert.

Uch Sharif is located at an elevation of 113 meters above sea level. Latitude of 29.23895° or 29° 14' 20" north and longitude 71.06148° or 71° 3' 41" east.

Cityscape
Uch Sharif has retained much of its historic urban fabric intact. The historic town is divided into three localities: Uch Bukhari, named for the saints from Bukhara, Uch Gilani (or Uch Jilani), named for the saints from Persia, and Uch Mughlia, named for the descendants of Mongol invaders who had settled in that quarter. Monuments are scattered throughout the city, and are connected by narrow lanes and winding bazaars. The most notable collection, called the Uch Monument Complex, is located at the old city's western edge. The old core is next to a large field used as a mela ground, or fair ground for urs festivals dedicated to the town's saints.

Climate
Uch features an arid climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with very hot summers and mild winters.

Uch Monument Complex
17 tiled funerary monuments and associated structures remain tightly knit into the urban fabric of Uch. The shrines, notably the tombs of Syed Jalaluddin Bukhari and his family, are built in a regional vernacular style particular to southern Punjab, with tile work imported from the nearby city of Multan. These structures were typically domed tombs on octagonal bases, with elements of Tughlaq military architecture, such as the addition of decorative bastions and crenellations.

Three shrines built over the course of 200 years are particularly well known, and along with an accompanying 1400 graves form the Uch Monument Complex, a site tentatively inscribed on the list of UNESCO World Cultural Heritage sites. Of the shrines, the first is said to have been built for Sheikh Baha’al-Halim by his pupil, the Suharwardiya Sufi saint Jahaniyan Jahangasht (1307–1383), the second for the latter's great-granddaughter, Bibi Jawindi, in 1494, and the third for the latter's architect.

Flooding in the early 19th century caused serious damage to many of the city's tombs, including structural problems and the deterioration of masonry and finishes. As the problems have persisted, the Uch Monument Complex was listed in the 1998 World Monuments Watch by the World Monuments Fund, and again in 2000 and 2002. The Fund subsequently offered financial assistance for conservation from American Express. World Bank to give Punjab govt $500m to restore religious sites including the tomb of Bibi Jawindi, Uch Sharif Bahawalpur for restoration and uplifting.

Parliamentarians

 * 2018 (Current)
 * Syed Sami ul Hassan Gilani Member National Assembly PTI
 * Makhdoom Syed Iftikhar Hussain Gillani Member Provincial Assembly PTI
 * 2013
 * Syed Ali Hassan Gillani Member National Assembly PML(N)
 * Makhdoom Syed Iftikhar Hussain Gillani Member Provincial Assembly(BNAP)
 * 2008
 * Arif Aziz Sheikh Member National Assembly PPPP
 * Makhdoom Syed Iftikhar Hussain Gillani Member Provincial Assembly PML(Q)

title: Uch


text: Category:Socorro County, New Mexico

title: Category:Socorro County, New Mexico


text:
Eamon (video game)

Eamon, sometimes known as The Wonderful World of Eamon, is a game creation system and a role-playing adventure game series created by Donald Brown and released for the Apple II in 1980. The game is a text adventure similar to other early titles like Adventure (1976) or Zork (1980) and to later text-based multi-user dungeons (MUDs), though with many role-playing elements not available in other interactive fiction. Eamon software is non-commercial and is freely available in the public domain.

Premise
Eamon casts the player in the role of a free-wheeling fantasy adventurer who undertakes dangerous quests against numerous enemies to earn riches and experience. Home base is the Guild of Free Adventurers, an association of heroes on the mystical world of Eamon, a vaguely Medieval place awash in magic and populated with strange creatures. Most adventures take place in the dungeons, castles and forests of Eamon, though some occur on other worlds or in different eras. Eamon creator Donald Brown described Eamon as "a world at the center of another galaxy—instead of revolving around any star, all of the stars revolve around it! Those huge bodies exert strange effects on the world of Eamon, bending light, gravity, time, even the laws of nature themselves!"

Though influenced by such fantasy environments as Dungeons & Dragons and The Lord of the Rings, Eamon generally avoids stories, situations or other game elements that are particularly serious or complex, instead seeking to create an engaging, genial mood through quick play and in-jokes. Individual adventures, created by a wide range of authors, vary from the artful to the campy.

Robert Clardy's Odyssey: The Compleat Apventure displays the same dragon artwork on its title screen as Eamon.

Gameplay
Brown encouraged players to modify and add to Eamon, and published technical information on the game to assist them. Eamon is notable for being one of the first adventure games designed to be modular, with expansion packs written by users forming an integral part of the game experience. A master disk called the "Main Hall" is used to manage player characters and to facilitate their transfer between individual adventures. The character retains his or her attributes and statistics from adventure to adventure, as well as up to four weapons.

The game's interface is similar to that of most other text adventures — the game presents the player with descriptions of the character's surroundings, including events, artifacts, monsters and exits, then prompts the player to enter a command. These commands include such things as moving in certain directions (NORTH, EAST, UP, etc.), readying weapons, attacking, getting or dropping items, interacting with characters, casting magical spells or checking inventory.

Players
All player characters in Eamon possess a name, plus the three physical attributes of hardiness, agility and charisma in varying quantities. Hardiness affects how much a player can carry and how much damage he can both inflict and withstand. A strength of 12, for instance, allows the player to absorb 12 points of damage and lift 120 gronds (a fictional unit of weight used in the game). Agility influences the player's success using certain weapons and avoiding attacks, while charisma determines his ability to make friends and influences the prices he pays for supplies. Common attribute values for player characters are generally between 10 and 20.

Players also have varying abilities with five classes of weapons — axe, bow, club, spear or sword — expressed as a percentage. Scoring a hit in battle may increase the skill in the appropriate weapon class. An additional ability, "armor expertise", determines the extent to which the player's armor affects his chance to score a hit. The greater the expertise, the less the armor encumbers the player in combat. Players may wear leather, chain or plate armor, and can supplement this with a shield.

The final set of abilities describes the player's aptitude with magic. A player can hire a wizard to teach him four magic spells: "Blast" (which damages enemies), "Heal" (which helps to restore health), "Speed" (which temporarily doubles agility) and "Power" (a spell with unpredictable results). Various other spells are sometimes available in particular adventures, but cannot be used outside them.

All players begin with 200 gold pieces, which can be used to purchase weapons, armor, spells or other supplies, or can be stored in the bank. One earns more by collecting treasure during adventures.

A player character may die while on an adventure, either as the result of losing a battle or from some other poor decision or mishap. Though death generally spells the end of the character and all his skills and possessions, there are utilities one can use to "resurrect" the player.

Monsters
All non-player characters in Eamon, regardless of their form or disposition, are referred to as "monsters". The monsters that players must face depend on the style of the adventure and range from the conventional fantasy staples of dragons, goblins, orcs and wizards, to wild animals, zombies, mummies, ghosts, machines, other humans (both friendly and hostile) and many more.

Monsters share most of the same attributes as player characters. A key exception is that monsters have "friendliness" rather than charisma, a rating that along with the encountering player's charisma determines how the monster will behave toward the player. Friendly monsters may accompany the player through the adventure and fight on the player's behalf, while unfriendly ones may ignore or attack the player. Monsters also possess a "courage" attribute that determines how likely they are to flee from combat or pursue the player.

Adventures
At least 280 individual Eamon adventures have been written by various authors to work with the Eamon system. These adventures range from very simple, 20-room outings to complex works spanning multiple diskettes. With few exceptions, each adventure stands alone and does not depend on the user completing any others. Although a majority of the adventures are fantasy-themed, some adventures occupy contemporary or science fictional settings. Most adventures include some degree of customization, adding new commands or other special game features above and beyond those included in the base Eamon program.

History
Creator Don Brown first released Eamon for non-commercial distribution on the Apple II in 1980, encouraging others to share and expand the game. All of Eamon's fundamentals, including the original Main Hall, the first adventure design utilities and two manuals, were created by Brown, as were eight complete adventures. Brown subsequently left Eamon to develop a commercial version of the game entitled SwordThrust, but users continued creating and sharing adventures for the system.

Conversion to PC
In 1985, Jon Walker from Marshfield, Wisconsin converted Eamon to the PC and released several converted and new adventures. Eventually the disks were released through various shareware organizations and garnered a minor following. While the adventures attracted some modest interest, the direct conversion of the adventure creation program prompted much criticism among PC users for being too difficult to use and poorly written (the latter in later years by people who were probably never constrained by early versions of the BASIC language). By the time a serious attempt was made to upgrade the Eamon system to Foxbase, other adventures containing graphics and real time action were becoming popular and the project was scrapped. In 1997, an attempt was made to bring Eamon to the World Wide Web; however, the project never got beyond a beta version because of the rapid pace at which the web and content distribution was developing. The original PC GW-BASIC source code is almost impossible to find online anymore, and the author has only a few of the original disks archived on CD.

National Eamon User's Club
After Don Brown's departure, several Eamon enthusiasts in the Des Moines, Iowa area formed the National Eamon User's Club (NEUC) which in March 1984 released the first issue of the club newsletter, named Eamon Adventurer's Log. Published by Eamon author John Nelson, this newsletter supported the game community by providing information ranging from adventure reviews to programming design help.

In late 1987, the operations of the NEUC had slowed down to the point that only three newsletters were published in a two-year period. Nelson was interested in other pursuits including writing a PC version of Eamon. Eamon author Thomas Zuchowski assumed the responsibility of publishing an Eamon newsletter and started the Eamon Adventurer's Guild (EAG). The NEUC shut down operations and transferred its assets to the EAG.

Eamon Adventurer's Guild
Zuchowski published the Eamon Adventurer's Guild Newsletter four times a year from June 1988 to January 2001. During this time, 94 additional games were published and the entire Eamon library was properly reviewed and documented.

The last Eamon adventure to be published with the EAG was announced in December 1997. By January 2001, Zuchowski had run out of new source material for his newsletter. The last issue of the EAG newsletter was published in January 2001. Efforts were made to ensure that Eamon would not disappear. Zuchowski created the "Eamon CD" which contains the entirety of Eamon resources available at the time. This CD was made available to the members of the EAG and the general public.

In April 2003, the Eamon Adventurer's Guild Online website officially opened. This website provides the entire archive of Eamon resources including adventures, newsletters, maps, news articles, and documentation for the system, as well as a disk image of the "Eamon CD". The existence of the website sparked a small revival in Eamon as ten new adventures have been published since the website was established.

Eamon Deluxe
In 1997, programmer Frank Black began work on Eamon Deluxe, an MS-DOS-based conversion of Eamon designed to add various enhancements and a more user-friendly interface for adventurers and creators alike while also retaining the flavor of the original Apple game. Black converted over half of the classic Eamon adventures to the Eamon Deluxe system and announced in 2012 that version 5.0 had been sent out for testing.

Version 5.0 is compatible with modern operating systems such as Windows 7 and Mac OS X using emulation software such as DOSBox and also includes a VI compatibility mode to make it more accessible to screen-reader programs used by visually impaired players. The converted adventures and latest updates remain non-commercial freeware and can be downloaded from the Eamon Adventurers Guild Online.

Eamon Remastered
In February 2017 the browser-based Eamon Remastered was released, making it possible to play Eamon online and save your progress between adventures. Currently, 39 adventures are available.

Eamon CS
In April 2017 Eamon CS was released by developer and adventure author Michael Penner. It is a version of Eamon ported to the C# programming language. It is playable on Windows, Android and Unix and continues to be developed and expanded. An iOS port is also planned.

title: Eamon (video game)


text: Category:The Distillers albums

title: Category:The Distillers albums


text:
Đồng Khánh

Đồng Khánh (, 同慶, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ (阮福膺祺) or Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường (阮福膺禟), also known as Chánh Mông (正蒙), was the ninth emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam. He reigned four years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).

Biography
Đồng Khánh was born on 19 February 1864 in the Imperial City of Huế. His childhood name was Chánh Mông because he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai, a son of emperor Thiệu Trị, and his concubine Bùi Thị Thanh.

As his uncle, Emperor Tự Đức, had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title Kiên Giang quận công (Duke of Kiên Giang).

Rule
After the French armies captured the city of Huế and the Imperial city fell to the French, the court regents Nguyễn Văn Tường and Tôn Thất Thuyết took the young Emperor Hàm Nghi and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to Tân Sở in the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general de Courcy and résident de Champeaux of France asked the empress dowager Nghi Thiên to enthrone Hàm Nghi's elder half brother prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ. On 19 September 1885 with the backing of the governor of Annam, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ was crowned as the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the era name of Đồng Khánh.

Đồng Khánh was pro-French, which was noted in the diary of Trần Trọng Kim: "'Emperor Đồng Khánh had a gentle personality, loved to wear luxurious jewelry and adopted French culture[,] therefore [the] French colonial government gave favor to him. After the dethroned emperor Hàm Nghi fled to Quảng Bình, Đồng Khánh accepted the French request of travelling to Quảng Bình to persuade Hàm Nghi and his loyal subjects [to] surrender but [was] unsuccessful. After that, Hàm Nghi was betrayed by his loyal subject Trương Quang Ngọc[;] then he was captured by [the] French and exiled [to] Algérie.'"

Death
On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗).

In 1916, his son the Emperor Khải Định granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷ commune, Thừa Thiên Province.

title: Đồng Khánh


text: User talk:24.68.16.247

title: User talk:24.68.16.247


text:
Talk:Suicide Slum

Print shop?

 * In episode 50 (Season 3: Episode 6) of the television series Lex Luthor's father Lionel Luthor reveals that he grew up in Suicide Slum and spent some time "moonlighting" at a "print shop".

I don't understand this. I mean, I can see why it's worth mentioning that Lionel Luthor grew up in Suicide Slum, but what's the significance of his having "spent some time 'moonlighting' at a 'print shop'"? (And why the scare quotes around "moonlighting" and "print shop"?) --Paul A 03:10, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, with this kind of TV show they like to tease the viewer with little clues hinting at which direction the future storyline might go. I mean, it's part of the entertainment value of the show. So when the writers put these words into the mouth of Lionel Luthor having him mention the "print shop" it seems odd that they've bothered to include such a line in the script --- unless it means something. The most likely thing it could mean is a link between Lionel Luthor and the Newsboy Legion, such as maybe he was one of the NL himself when he was a boy. But it isn't certain to have that meaning since it's only a teaser line. Anyway, that was why I mentioned it, assuming that most people bothering to read an encyclopedia entry on a comicbook character would be interested in this kind of anorak clue. Maybe not though, whatever... The current rewrite looks okay :-)

--wayland 09:06, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * The obvious thing to me is to put all that stuff in the article. After all, this is an encyclopaedia. Just mention it was likely a potential plot seed for future stories (that never came to fruition). sheridan 23:10, 2005 May 31 (UTC)

 * Actually, that kind of speculation is frowned upon in Wikipedia. Lots42 (talk) 15:42, 16 December 2008 (UTC)

Lacey

 * I believe in the DC Heroes Role Playing game, the real name of Suicide Slum was "Lacey", not "Hobb's Bay". I don't have the game handy.  Can anyone confirm this?  ShawnVW 03:48, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Confirmed. I still have my copy, and that volume certainly refers to it by that name. The comics creators, however, exercised creative privilege in order to change the name as of 1986. - Dwight Williams

Cannon
This guy might need to be put in the article later. http://dc.wikia.com/wiki/Mickey_Cannon Lots42 (talk) 17:10, 23 July 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Suicide Slum


text:
Ulster Cycle

The Ulster Cycle (an Rúraíocht), formerly known as the Red Branch Cycle, is a body of medieval Irish heroic legends and sagas of the Ulaid. It is set far in the past, in what is now eastern Ulster and northern Leinster, particularly counties Armagh, Down and Louth. It focuses on the mythical Ulster king Conchobar mac Nessa and his court at Emain Macha, the hero Cú Chulainn, and their conflict with the Connachta and queen Medb. The longest and most important tale is the epic Táin Bó Cúailnge (Cattle Raid of Cooley). The Ulster Cycle is one of the four 'cycles' of Irish mythology and legend, along with the Mythological Cycle, the Fianna Cycle and the Kings' Cycle.

Ulster Cycle stories
The Ulster Cycle stories are set in and around the reign of King Conchobar mac Nessa, who rules the Ulaid from Emain Macha (now Navan Fort near Armagh). The most prominent hero of the cycle is Conchobar's nephew, Cú Chulainn. The Ulaid are most often in conflict with the Connachta, led by their queen, Medb, her husband, Ailill, and their ally Fergus mac Róich, a former king of the Ulaid in exile. The longest and most important story of the cycle is the Táin Bó Cúailnge or "Cattle Raid of Cooley", in which Medb raises an enormous army to invade the Cooley peninsula and steal the Ulaid's prize bull, Donn Cúailnge, opposed only by the seventeen-year-old Cú Chulainn. In the Mayo Táin, the Táin Bó Flidhais it is a white cow known as the 'Maol' that is the object of desire. One of the better known stories is the tragedy of Deirdre, source of plays by W. B. Yeats and J. M. Synge. Other stories tell of the births, courtships and deaths of the characters and of the conflicts between them.

The stories are written in Old and Middle Irish, mostly in prose, interspersed with occasional verse passages, with the earliest extant versions dated to the 12th century. The tone is terse, violent, sometimes comic, and mostly realistic, although supernatural elements intrude from time to time. Cú Chulainn in particular has superhuman fighting skills, the result of his semi-divine ancestry, and when particularly aroused his battle frenzy or ríastrad transforms him into an unrecognisable monster who knows neither friend nor foe. Evident deities like Lugh, the Morrígan, Aengus and Midir also make occasional appearances.

Unlike the majority of early Irish historical tradition, which presents ancient Ireland as largely united under a succession of High Kings, the stories of the Ulster Cycle depict a country with no effective central authority, divided into local and provincial kingdoms often at war with each other. The civilisation depicted is a pagan, pastoral one ruled by a warrior aristocracy. Bonds between aristocratic families are cemented by fosterage of each other's children. Wealth is reckoned in cattle. Warfare mainly takes the form of cattle raids, or single combats between champions at fords. The characters' actions are sometimes restricted by religious taboos known as geasa.

Manuscripts
The stories are preserved in manuscripts of the 12th to 15th centuries but, in many cases, are believed to be much older. The language of the earliest stories is dateable to the 8th century, and events and characters are referred to in poems dating to the 7th.

The earliest extant manuscripts of the Ulster Cycle are Lebor na hUidre, "The Book of the Dun Cow", dating to no later than 1106, and The Book of Leinster, compiled around 1160.

Chronology
The events of the cycle are traditionally supposed to take place around the time of Christ. The stories of Conchobar's birth and death are synchronised with the birth and death of Christ, and the Lebor Gabála Érenn dates the Táin Bó Cúailnge and the birth and death of Cú Chulainn to the reign of the High King Conaire Mor, who it says was a contemporary of the Roman emperor Augustus (27 BC — AD 14). Some stories, including the Táin, refer to Cairbre Nia Fer as the king of Tara, implying that no High King is in place at the time.

The presence of the Connachta as the Ulaid's enemies is an apparent anachronism: the Connachta were traditionally said to have been the descendants of Conn Cétchathach, who is supposed to have lived several centuries later. Later stories use the name Cóiced Ol nEchmacht as an earlier name for the province of Connacht to get around this problem. However, the chronology of early Irish historical tradition is an artificial attempt by Christian monks to synchronise native traditions with classical and biblical history, and it is possible that historical wars between the Ulaid and the Connachta have been chronologically misplaced.

Historicity
Along with the Lebor Gabála Érenn, elements of the Ulster Cycle were for centuries regarded as historical in Ireland, and the antiquity of these records was a matter of politicised debate; modern scholars have generally taken a more critical stance.

Some scholars of the 19th and early 20th centuries, such as Eugene O'Curry and Kuno Meyer, believed that the stories and characters of the Ulster Cycle were essentially historical; T. F. O'Rahilly was inclined to believe the stories were entirely mythical and the characters euhemerised gods; and Ernst Windisch thought that the cycle, while largely imaginary, contains little genuine myth. Elements of the tales are reminiscent of classical descriptions of Celtic societies in Gaul, Galatia and Britain. Warriors fight with swords, spears and shields, and ride in two-horse chariots, driven by skilled charioteers drawn from the lower classes. They take and preserve the heads of slain enemies, and boast of their valour at feasts, with the bravest awarded the curadmír or "champion's portion", the choicest cut of meat. Kings are advised by druids (Old Irish druí, plural druíd), and poets have great power and privilege. These elements led scholars such as Kenneth H. Jackson to conclude that the stories of the Ulster Cycle preserved authentic Celtic traditions from the pre-Christian Iron Age. Other scholars have challenged that conclusion, stressing similarities with early medieval Irish society and the influence of classical literature, while considering the possibility that the stories may contain genuinely ancient material from oral tradition. J. P. Mallory thus found the archaeological record and linguistic evidence to generally disfavour the presence of Iron Age remnants in the Ulster and Mythological Cycles, but emphasised the links to the Corlea Trackway in the earlier Tochmarc Étaíne as a notable exception.

It is probable that the oldest strata of tales are those involving the complex relationship between the Ulaid and the Érainn, represented in the Ulster Cycle by Cú Roí and the Clanna Dedad, and later by Conaire Mór. It was observed a century ago by Eoin MacNeill and other scholars that the historical Ulaid, as represented by the Dál Fiatach, were apparently related to the Clanna Dedad. T. F. O'Rahilly later concluded that the Ulaid were in fact a branch of the Érainn. A number of the Érainn appear to have been powerful Kings of Tara, with a secondary base of power at the now lost Temair Luachra "Tara of the Rushes" in West Munster, where some action in the Ulster Cycle takes place and may even have been transplanted from the midland Tara. Additionally it may be noteworthy that the several small cycles of tales involving the early dominance of the Érainn in Ireland generally predate the majority of the Ulster Cycle tales in content, if not in their final forms, and are believed to be of a substantially more pre-Christian character. Several of these do not even mention the famous characters from the Ulster Cycle, and those that do may have been slightly reworked after its later expansion with the Táin and rise in popularity.

Texts

 * Earliest strata
 * Conailla Medb míchuru "Medb has entered evil contracts" (7th-century poem attributed to Luccreth moccu Chiara)
 * The lost manuscript Cín Dromma Snechtai, associated with Bangor, is thought to have included versions of these five texts:
 * Compert Con Culainn "The Birth of Cú Chulainn"
 * Compert Conchobuir "The Birth of Conchobor"
 * Fíl and grían Glinne Aí
 * Forfess fer Falchae "Night-watch against the men of Falgae"
 * Verba Scathaige "The words of Scáthach"
 * Material related to Cú Roí, such as Amra Con Roí and Aided Con Roi
 * References in Old Irish law, e.g. Cethairslicht Athgabálae.

Here follows a list of tales which are assigned to the Ulster Cycle, although it does not claim to be exhaustive. The classification according to 'genre' followed here is merely a convenient tool to bring clarity to a large body of texts, but it is not the only possible one nor does it necessarily reflect contemporary approaches of classifying texts.

 * Compert Birth
 * Compert Con Culainn "The Birth of Cú Chulainn"
 * Compert Conchobuir "The Birth of Conchobor"

 * Wooings and elopements
 * Aided Conrói maic Dáiri
 * Aithed Emere (le Tuir nGlesta) "The Elopement of Emer (with Tuir Glesta)"
 * Aislinge Óenguso "The Dream of Óengus"
 * Longes mac n-Uislenn "The Exile of the sons of Uisliu"
 * Oided mac n-Uisneg
 * Tochmarc Emire
 * Tochmarc Étaíne
 * Tochmarc Ferbe (or Fís Conchobair)
 * Tochmarc Luaine 7 aided Arthirne (second half of the 12th century)
 * Tochmarc Treblainne

 * Feasts
 * Da Gábail int sída "On the Taking of the (síd-)Mound"
 * Echtra Neraí
 * Scéla mucce maic Dathó "The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig"
 * Mesca Ulad "The Intoxication of the Ulstermen"
 * Fled Bricrenn "The Feast of Bricriu"
 * Fled Bricrenn 7 Longes mac n-Duil Dermait
 * Bruiden da Chocae "The Hostel of Da Choca"
 * Togal Bruidne Da Derga "The Destruction of Da Derga's Hostel"
 * De Shíl Chonairi Móir "On the Descendants of Conaire Mór"
 * De Maccaib Conaire "On the sons of Conaire (Mór)"

 * Cath 'Battle'
 * Cath Airtig "The Battle of Airtech"
 * Cath Aenaig Macha "The Battle of the Assembly of Macha"
 * Cath Cumair "The Battle of Cumar" or Cath Atha Comair
 * Cath Findchorad "The Battle of Findchorad"
 * Cath Leitrich Ruide "The Battle of Leititr Ruide"
 * Cath Ruis na Ríg "The Battle of Rosnaree"
 * Cogadh Fheargusa agus Chonchobhair "The Battle of Fergus and Conchobor"
 * Forfess fer Falchae "Night-watch against the men of Falgae"
 * Comracc Con Chulainn re Senbecc "The Combat of Cú Chulainn with Senbecc"
 * Cathcharpat Serda "The Scythed Battle-Chariot"

 * Táin Bó 'Cattle-raid'
 * Táin Bó Cúailnge I
 * Táin Bó Cúailnge II
 * Táin Bó Cúailnge III
 * De Faillsigud Tána Bó Cuailnge "On the finding of the Táin Bó Cúailnge"
 * Táin Bó Dartada "The Cattle Raid of Dartaid"
 * Táin Bó Flidhais I "The Cattle Raid of Flidais" I
 * Táin Bó Flidhais II "The Cattle Raid of Flidais" II
 * Tain Bó Fraích "The Raid of Fróech's Cattle"
 * Tain Bó Regamain "The Cattle Raid of Regamon"
 * Tain Bó Regamna "The Cattle Raid of Regamain"

 * Remscéla (Fore-tales) to the Táin Bó Cúailnge
 * Ces Noínden, In Ceas Naigen
 * De Chophur in Dá Mucado
 * Echtra Nerai
 * see further: Táin Bó Cúailnge

 * Aided "Violent death"
 * Aided Chonchobuir "The Death of Conchobor"
 * Aided Áenfir Aífe "The Death of Aífe's Only Son"
 * Cuchulinn 7 Conlaech "Cú Chulainn and Conla"
 * Aided Con Culainn or Brislech Mór Maige Muirthemne
 * Aided Ceit maic Mágach "The Death of Cét mac Mágach"
 * Aided Cheltchair mac Uthechair "The Death of Celtchar mac Uthechair"
 * Aided Derbforgaill "The Death of Derbforgaill"
 * Aided Fergusa maic Roig "The Death of Fergus mac Róig"
 * Imthechta Tuaithe Luachra 7 Aided Fergusa "The Proceedings of the People of Luchra and the Death of Fergus (mac Léti)"
 * Aided Guill meic Garbada ocus Aided Gairb Glinne Ríge
 * Aided Laegairi Buadaig "The Death of Loegaire Buadach"
 * Goire Conaill Chernaig 7 Aided Aillela 7 Conall Chernaig "The Cherishing of Conall Cernach and the Deaths of Ailill and Conall Cernach"
 * Aided Meidbe "The Death of Medb"
 * Ferchuitred Medba, Cath Boinne

 * Miscellaneous
 * Verba Scathaige "The words of Scáthach"
 * Scéla Conchobair maic Nessa "The Story of Conchobor mac Nessa"
 * Siaburcharpat Con Culaind "Cú Chulainn's Phantom Chariot"
 * Foglaim Con Culainn "Cú Chulainn's Training"
 * Serglige Con Culainn "The Wasting Sickness of Cú Chulainn"
 * Immacaldam in dá thuarad "The Colloquy of the Two Sages"
 * Talland Étair "The Siege of Howth"
 * Cath Étair "The Battle of Howth"
 * Tromdámh Guaire (or Imthecht na Tromdáime)
 * Lánellach Tigi Rích 7 Ruirech "The Full Complement of the House of a King and an Overlord"
 * Fochonn Loingse Fergusa meic Róig "The cause of the exile of Fergus mac Róig"
 * Nede 7 Caier "Néde and Caier"
 * Echtra Fergusa maic Léti"The Adventures of Fergus mac Léti"

Texts in translation
Most of the important Ulster Cycle tales can be found in the following publications:
 * Thomas Kinsella, The Táin, Oxford University Press, 1969
 * Stephen Dunford, Táin Bó Flidhais or The Mayo Táin, Enniscrone, 2008
 * Jeffrey Gantz, Early Irish Myths and Sagas, Penguin, 1981
 * Tom Peete Cross & Clark Harris Slover, Ancient Irish Tales, Henry Holt & Company, 1936 (reprinted by Barnes & Noble, 1996)
 * John T Koch & John Carey, The Celtic Heroic Age, Celtic Studies Publications, 2000
 * Kuno Meyer, The Death-Tales of the Ulster Heroes, Todd Lecture Series, 1906
 * A H Leahy, Heroic Romances of Ireland, 2 vols, 1905–1906 (Online at Sacred Texts)

Online translations

 * The Martial Career of Conghal Cláiringhnech
 * The Birth of Conchobar
 * Tidings of Conchobar son of Ness
 * The War of Fergus and Conchobar
 * Medb's Men, or the Battle of the Boyne
 * The Conception of Conall Cernach
 * The Birth of Cú Chulainn
 * The Wooing of Emer
 * The Death of Aífe's Only Son
 * The Story of Mac Dathó's Pig
 * Bricriu's Feast
 * The Exile of the Sons of Usnech
 * The Dream of Óengus
 * The Cattle Raid of Fráech
 * The Raid for the Cattle of Regamon
 * The Raid for Dartaid's Cattle
 * The Driving of Flidais's Cattle
 * The Courtship of Ferb Book of Leinster version; Egerton version
 * The Adventures of Nera
 * The Cattle Raid of Regamna
 * The Debility of the Ulstermen
 * The Cattle Raid of Cooley Recension 1; Recension 2
 * The Battle of Ross na Ríg
 * The Death of Cú Roí
 * The Sick-Bed of Cuchulain
 * The Pursuit of Gruaidh Ghriansholus
 * The Destruction of Da Derga's Hostel
 * The Death of Celtchar mac Uthechair
 * The Affliction of the Ulstermen
 * The Colloquy of the Two Sages
 * The Death of Cú Chulainn
 * The Death of Cet mac Mágach
 * The Death of Lóegaire Búadach
 * The Death of Conchobar
 * The Battle of Airtech
 * The Death of Fergus mac Róich
 * The Violent Death of Medb
 * The Phantom Chariot of Cú Chulainn
 * The Revealing of the Táin Bó Cúailnge

Adaptations
The Ulster Cycle provided material for Irish writers of the Gaelic revival around the turn of the 20th century. Augusta, Lady Gregory's Cuchulain of Muirthemne (1902) retold most of the important stories of the cycle, as did Eleanor Hull for younger readers in The Boys' Cuchulain (1904). William Butler Yeats wrote a series of plays – On Baile's Strand (1904), Deirdre (1907), The Green Helmet (1910), At the Hawk's Well (1917), The Only Jealousy of Emer (1919) and The Death of Cuchulain (1939) – and a poem, Cuchulain's Fight with the Sea (1892), based on the legends, and completed the late John Millington Synge's unfinished play Deirdre of the Sorrows (1910), in collaboration with Synge's widow Molly Allgood.

Literary adaptations of the 20th and 21st centuries include Rosemary Sutcliff's children's novel The Hound of Ulster (1963), Morgan Llywelyn's Red Branch (1989), Patricia Finney's novel A Shadow of Gulls (1977), and Vincent Woods' play A Cry from Heaven (2005). Randy Lee Eickhoff has also created a series of six novelistic translations and retellings, beginning with The Raid (2000).

Parts of the cycle have been adapted as webcomics, including Patrick Brown's Ness (2007–2008) and The Cattle Raid of Cooley (2008–2015); and M.K. Reed's unfinished About a Bull (2011–2013) based around Queen Medb. The myth of Cú Chulainn was also adapted into graphic novels such as An Táin (2006) by Colmán Ó Raghallaigh and by Barry Reynolds and Hound (2014–2018) by Paul J. Bolger and Barry Devlin.

The dramatic musical program "Celtic Hero" in the Radio Tales series for National Public Radio, was based on the Ulster Cycle story Tochmarc Emire. Deirdre is an opera adaptation of the Ulster Cycle composed 1943-5, by the Canadian composer, Healey Willan, the text by John Coulter. It was the first full-length opera commissioned by the CBC, and was premiered 20 Apr 1946 on radio as Deirdre of the Sorrows, conducted by Ettore Mazzoleni and with Frances James as Deirdre. The myth of Cú Chulainn was adapted by Irish musician Gavin Dunne, better known as "Miracle of Sound," in the song "Tale of Cú Chulainn" on his 2020 album Level 11.

title: Ulster Cycle


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Floridation

Floridation was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was

Floridation
A self-admitted neologism, with a totally POV article. Besides which, the very first sentence is untrue, as a simple Google search for "floridation' will show. Can anything happen to this other than reduction to a dicdef? --jpgordon {gab} 03:12, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Delete. Neologism. RickK 04:40, Oct 20, 2004 (UTC)

Keep. NOT a neologism. I cleaned up the article's content after jpgordon's suggestion to Google the word. I thought I had coined it, but the word was first used in 2000 and has now acquired apparently independent usages for American elections and for foreign elections influenced by the United States. Many journalists have used it before I did. If "vote-rigging" deserves its own Wikipedia entry, "Floridation" certainly deserves better than relegation to the dictionary! Cshea 05:54, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)cshea
 * Keep A valid entry. The backstory that caused the word to be coined is too much for a simple dictionary entry. DCEdwards1966 06:11, Oct 20, 2004 (UTC)'
 * Delete. Neologism that is not yet in significant or widespread use. Googling is complicated because the vast majority of hits are misspellings of "fluoridation." I note, however, that Googling for "floridation" on Google News yields zero hits. As I write this, early voting and controversies in Florida have already begun and I do not believe there would be zero hits if this neologism had gained any traction at all. Googling the Web, in order to get rid of false hits it is necessary to try something like: a search on "floridation -water -teeth -dental -environment -fluids -fluorine -fluoridation -fluoride -health" and this yields only 130 hits. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 12:40, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I repeat: KEEP. I went through the Google listings and found refereneces dating back to November 2000 (San Francisco Chronicle), May 2003 (Baltimore Sun article by Greg Palast and Martin Luther King III and a national petition drive by them using the word, and a further use in a December 2003 paper. It was used in a Guardian paper in 2004 and is taking on steam with an expanded meaning to refer to foreign elections.  This is an important word whose etymology and history is far too important to relegate to the Wiktionary. 172.195.27.91 13:05, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)Cshea
 * When it is clear that it is an important word, it can be added then. There is no rush. Wikipedia is not Wired. There is not need for us to be first in reporting a "meme on the rise." I'm not sure where your Google hits are, but they are not in Google News: Did you mean: Fluoridation Your search - Floridation - did not match any documents. No pages were found containing "floridation". [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 15:08, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * We do try avoid self-promoting puff pieces here. Remove all the references to yourself, and all the non-NPOV material, and what's left? A neologism. --jpgordon {gab} 15:10, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * This is not an article about the Florida mess, but about a pun. The Florida mess has been covered much better elsewhere. Delete. — Bill 17:53, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * DELETE and REDIRECT to fluoridation, as its a common mispelling. 132.205.15.4 18:18, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * You'll want to log in, as anonymous votes aren't counted. Wile E. Heresiarch 18:43, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, then redirect to fluoridation. Wile E. Heresiarch 18:43, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism. --Improv 20:04, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Please read the article before enering "delete - Redirect to flouridation. THis article has to do with contemporary electoral processes, not water flouridation. Merely being a homophone does not make it a synonym. 172.193.22.78 23:37, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)cshea
 * As you've also misspelt fluoridation the other common way (flouridation), it's very likely people are looking for water enrichment issues when doing floridation. "floridation election" gets all of 60 hits on Google Groups. I'd say that politicos aren't using the term. neoligism, DELETE and Redirect to fluoridation 132.205.15.42 02:55, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * My high school chemistry teacher said "Just remember, it's not 'flo urine.'" I've never misspelled it since. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 23:40, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep --Pgreenfinch 09:00, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect to water fluoridation. -Sean Curtin 18:57, Oct 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * Definite delete. RadicalSubversiv E 22:02, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.