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Lulu (Final Fantasy)

Lulu (ルールー) is a character from Square Enix's Final Fantasy series, and one of the main playable characters of the 2001 role-playing video game Final Fantasy X. She acts as a guardian to the game's protagonist Yuna, and accompanies her on a mission to defeat the creature Sin. As a Black Mage, Lulu represents a recurring character class in the Final Fantasy franchise, and fights using offensive magic spells or by animating small stuffed animals that strike on her behalf. Lulu was designed by series artist Tetsuya Nomura, who wanted to create a character that differed in appearance from other Black Mages in the franchise. Accordingly, her outfit took advantage of the PlayStation 2's improved graphics: it features an intricate dress that utilizes several belts in its skirt. Lulu later appears as a side character in Final Fantasy X-2, where she is shown to have had a child. In the original Japanese version she is voiced by Rio Natsuki, while in the English dub she is voiced by Paula Tiso.

Lulu has received mostly positive reception since her debut. She has been a popular character with Final Fantasy fans and cosplay enthusiasts in particular, while media outlets have recognized her attractiveness and sex appeal. However, Lulu was also criticized by certain reviewers who associated her design with sadomasochistic imagery and fetish culture. Her personality and role in the storyline received greater praise from critics who saw her as the most level-headed figure among the playable cast and one of the better-voiced characters in Final Fantasy X. Other outlets enjoyed the evolution of her character arc and her motherly demeanor.

Conception and design
Lulu was designed by Tetsuya Nomura for Final Fantasy X. She is classified as a Black Mage, a type of spellcaster in the Final Fantasy franchise that specializes in the use of offensive magic. Nomura wanted to create a character that was different from how Black Mages were portrayed in previous games, and to this end he gave her a unique outfit and hairstyle. The centerpiece of her outfit a low-cut, fur-lined, dark grey and black dress that displays her pronounced cleavage, while her hair is done in an upright bun. Lulu is 167 cm (5 ft 6 in) tall, and with her hair and high heels stands 173 cm (5 ft 8 in).

Taking into account the PlayStation 2's improved graphics handling, Nomura opted to make his designs for Final Fantasy X "super deep and detailed", feeling that he "went kind of crazy" on Lulu's in particular. To complement her attire, he devised a series of belts that attached to her skirt in a certain order, and insisted that the 3D character modeler reproduce them to his exact specifications. Belts were a common feature of Nomura's character designs at the time, and he stated when outside observers noticed the trend and teased him over it, it only encouraged him to utilize them more. However, the outfit's complexity made it difficult to animate for cutscenes. The staff compromised by often only showing Lulu from the waist up, and excluded her from animated sequences involving complex motions.

In addition to her magic, Lulu can also utilize animated stuffed animals as weapons that attack on her behalf—a concept originally planned for inclusion in Final Fantasy VI. Each is based on a recurring character in the Final Fantasy franchise, such as moogles and cactuars. When drawing her concept art, Nomura outlined a list of stuffed animals she would be able to use during the course of the game. However, one in particular, the Tonberry, was cut from the final game. Her strongest weapon, the Onion Knight, went through several drafts in the sketch phase, including one idea to have the sword and shield resemble onions. Instead, its finalized design incorporated a pixelated image of a Final Fantasy III character with the class of the same name into its shield.

Voice casting
In English, Lulu is voiced by Paula Tiso, while in Japanese she is voiced by Rio Natsuki. Tiso stated that prior to recording she would watch the scenes first, which she felt made it easier for her to get into the mindset of the character. She found the task of voicing Lulu to be challenging nonetheless as the character was the "exact opposite of bubbly and smiley" voice work she was used to doing prior. To ease herself into the role, she had a chair brought in and did the voice recording from a seated position to allow her to give a more focused portrayal.

For her part, Natsuki appreciated that Lulu's role in the plot was small, as she preferred projects where other characters could hold centre stage, something she felt was in line with Lulu's personality. Originally, upon seeing Lulu's early design, she thought the character was meant to be intimidating, and during the audition spoke in a deeper tone. After seeing her in-game, however, she found Lulu to be "beautiful", and cited her choice of weapon as bringing an element of cuteness to her. An established voice actor, the development team were fans of her work, and she helped the less experienced voice actors during recording sessions. Natsuki grew particularly attached to voicing Lulu after seeing a scene wherein all the party members jumped off an airship, and she enjoyed collaborating with the other voice actors to create a sense of momentum and atmosphere when voicing the scene.

Appearances
Lulu is one of the playable characters introduced in Square Enix's 2001 role playing video game Final Fantasy X. A Black Mage, she serves as an older sister figure to the game's protagonist Yuna, whom she grew up with alongside the brothers Wakka and Chappu on their home of Besaid Island. When Yuna sets out on a pilgrimage to defeat the creature Sin, Lulu follows suit and travels with her as a guardian. During the course of the game it is revealed she had accompanied two other summoners on identical pilgrimages before, though both journeys ended abruptly. Lulu had been romantically involved with Chappu, and his death at the hands of Sin prior to the game's events affected her greatly. She later falls in love with Wakka, and helps Yuna destroy Sin.

In the game's sequel, Final Fantasy X-2, she was relegated to a supporting role due to game director Motomu Toriyama feeling her presence as a playable character would have undermined Yuna's story, as the latter "would have relied on her like an older sister and this would have got in the way of [Yuna's] quest to find a new self". Lulu can instead be found in the game's Besaid location married to Wakka, where they have a child together. Lulu later appears in both the sequel novel Final Fantasy 10-2.5 ~Eien no Daisho~ and its audio drama followup, Final Fantasy 10 -Will-. Now the mayor of Besaid, after observing recent revivals of both dead people and extinct species, she surmises that Sin's revival in the story was by similar means.

Outside the Final Fantasy X titles, Lulu makes an appearance in several other games, including Final Fantasy: Brave Exvius and Dissidia Final Fantasy Opera Omnia. Cards of the character have also been featured in the Final Fantasy Trading Card Game. In theatre, Lulu appears in the Final Fantasy X kabuki stage play, where she is portrayed by Nakamura Baishi. In the play her dress was replaced with a fur-lined kimono to tie in to the theme of the production and follow a more Japanese aesthetic.

Promotion and reception
Several items of merchandise were produced to promote Lulu and her game of origin, including trading cards, wall scrolls, and plushies modeled after the effigies she uses in battle. In addition, several figurines were also produced, such as a 1/6th scale statue by ARTFX. Both regular and chibi bottle topper figurines were produced as part of a 2001 promotional campaign for Final Fantasy X by soda company Coca-Cola. In 2004 Trading Ars released a PVC statue of Lulu, posed in a reclining position with her lower body lying on the ground. Later on, a costume in the likeness of Lulu was included as part of a Final Fantasy-themed promotion for Gunslinger Stratos 2. A "minion" companion character of her that follows players around was also released as an in-game item for Final Fantasy XIV.

Lulu's outfit drew particular focus from media outlets. Todd Hargosh of Game Industry News called it the strangest outfit he had ever seen and felt the belts made her "look like a dominatrix. Daniel Żelazny of PPE named Lulu one his favorite Final Fantasy characters due to how her appearance deviated from that of a typical Black Mage, thanks to her overt and complex dress. He added that the outfit was not only one of Nomura's best creations, but also one of the best female character outfits in video games overall. Dave Smith of IGN opined that Lulu's outfit was a positive outgrowth of Nomura's penchant for overdressed characters, and that her design, with highlights such as "[a] floor-length skirt, elaborately-pinned hair, and [a] collection of super-cute mascot dolls", was one of the "coolest" in the franchise. He additionally praised her personality as matching her fashion sense and conveying a "beautifully menacing presence". Despite the complexity of Lulu's clothing, she has been cited as a frequent subject of cosplay.

In 2009, GamesRadar+ called Lulu one of the sexiest video game characters of the last decade and attributed her appeal to her large breasts and outfit, the latter of which they described as an ensemble in the style of a "goth-mage-hooker" aesthetic that appeared ready to "fall right off at any second". They acknowledged that her visual allure was equalled by her self-assured composure, and spoke favorably of both her protective nature and strength as a mage. Gus Turner of Complex echoed these sentiments and lauded the character's "smoky" and "sensual" voice. He further praised her rational attitude towards the central revelations in the game's story. Relatedly, the staff of GMR magazine felt she served as a "calm presence" among the original game's cast, and added they would have preferred the "sultry, dollhugging, goth mama" to have been playable in X-2 instead of the game's actual cast. However, Gamasutra editor Kurt Kalata criticized her appearance as "outlandish" and called "goth girl" Lulu more akin to a "fetish object" than an inhabitant of Final Fantasy X's world. Japanese magazine Game Criticism considered the fan service aspect of Lulu "excessive" and described her outfit as a "S & M straightjacket".

Damien Mecheri in the book The Legend of Final Fantasy X argued that a well-rounded party in a roleplaying game is incomplete without a character who is "a bit cold, dark, and taciturn", and commented that Lulu fit this archetype well. He compared her character design to Edea Kramer of Final Fantasy VIII in how both were built around "bizarre features from the imagination of Tetsuya Nomura". Mecheri stated that, while her character was not particularly complex, he was drawn to the "odd couple" relationship she had with Wakka, and noted that her emotional maturity coupled with her youth brought a "bit of wisdom to the [Final Fantasy X] cast". Other commentators offered their own examination of her character's part in the story. Paul Shkreli of RPGamer enjoyed Lulu's personal evolution during the narrative and her willingness to question her core tenets, stating that "Lulu's irony is that her humanity is what makes her effective as a protector, not the other way around". Margaret David of Den of Geek believed that Lulu's spoken dialogue enhanced her character and articulated her "harsh but protective manner" in a way text alone could not express. David felt that, without the voice acting, she would have potentially been remembered as an unlikable character instead of the "dark horse fave" she became.

According to Matt Sainsbury of DigitallyDownloaded.net, the novelty of Lulu's design helped flesh out her role as a character, particularly as a Black Mage. He pointed out that previous entries in the Final Fantasy series often presented such characters as "mysterious, dark" spellcasters able to wield destructive magic liberally, a depiction which was "not really sufficient for the kind of characterisation needed in modern JRPG storytelling". Sainsbury claimed that, while Lulu's outward appearance seemingly upheld that trend by invoking imagery of sadomasochism, her actual portrayal as a severe but motherly figure contrasted his expectations and gave her depth without compromising her image. He singled out such subversions in character design as a particular attraction of the Final Fantasy games as a whole.

title: Lulu (Final Fantasy)


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F. S. Flint

Frank Stuart Flint (19 December 1885 – 28 February 1960) was an English poet and translator who was a prominent member of the Imagist group. Ford Madox Ford called him "one of the greatest men and one of the beautiful spirits of the country".

Life and career
Flint was a British poet and poetry reviewer with an unusual gift for language. A self-educated man born in Islington, London, Flint left school at 13 and worked in various capacities before beginning his long and distinguished career in the Civil Service in 1904. He published a book on French poets, starting in 1908 and by 1910, his intensive private study had gained him recognition as one of Britain's most highly informed authorities on modern French poetry. His first collection of poems, In the Net of the Stars (1909), consisted mainly of conventional love lyrics.

Flint is mostly known for his participation in the "School of Images" with Ezra Pound and T. E. Hulme in 1909, of which he gave an account in the "Poetry Review" in 1909, and which was to serve as the theoretical basis for the later Imagist movement (1913). His subsequent association with Ezra Pound and T. E. Hulme, together with his deepening knowledge of innovative French poetic techniques, radically affected his poetry's development.

Glenn Hughes reports Flint claiming to invent the open verse form 'unrhymed cadence', by cutting away all personal emotion, where symbolism was barely suggested, but instead shortened and hardened, and where meter was supplanted by cadence'. Hughes explaining Flint's form is best understood 'by comparing his poem ' A Swan Song'(Published in 1909 and later by Pound in  1914 in  'Des Imagistes') and, his later 'cadenced ' version thereof, ' The Swan', a poem so devoid of superfluities  and  cliches,  to achieve that perfect chiseled beauty which is the essence of classical art'

In 1916 Flint was described as having ' the gift of artistic courage clothed in beauty which will help build the poetry of the future'. Flint himself, considered his 'cadenced' form to be a reversion to the real tradition of the English poetry of Cynewulf in the 'Riddle, The Nightingale'

Earlier Flint had published a series of articles on contemporary French poets (1912) that much influenced his contemporaries. In 1914 he was included by Pound in Des Imagistes. He entered into a short-lived dispute with Pound as to each one's relative contribution to the Imagist movement.

During the 1930s Flint was among a number of poets who moved away from poetry and towards economics, working for the Statistics Division of the Ministry of Labour writing that "[t]he proper study of mankind is, for the time being, economics". Flint would go on to publish an article entitled The Plain Man and Economics in The Criterion in 1937. He became a leading spokesman for Imagism and exemplified its methods in the concentration and clarity displayed by much of the work in Cadences (1915). Otherworld, his third and last collection, was published in 1920, its lengthy title poem responding to the desolation of the First World War in its meditations on more viable modes of existence. For some years after he ceased publishing poetry, Flint continued to contribute influential articles to the Times Literary Supplement and The Criterion. He was also a prolific translator of prose works and poetry by French, German, and classical authors.

With the exception of some short works arising from his activities as a civil servant, he ceased writing for publication entirely in the early 1930s.

Poetry

 * In the Net of the Stars , BiblioBazaar (Jun 2009) ISBN 978-1-110-85842-2
 * Cadences, Poetry Bookshop. London, 1915
 * Otherworld: Cadences, Poetry Bookshop, 1920

Translations

 * Catt, Henri de Frederick the Great : The Memoirs of his Reader (1758–1760), Constable, London 1916
 * Verhaeren, Emile The Love Poems of Emile Verhaeren, Houghton Mifflin, Boston 1916
 * Bosscher, Jean de The Closed Door, John Lane, London 1917

Essays etc

 * 'Contemporary French Poetry', article in ''The Poetry Review, August 1912
 * 'Some Modern French Poets (A Commentary with a Specimen)' The Chapbook: A Monthly Miscellany , London October 1919
 * 'The Younger French Poets' The Chapbook; A Monthly Miscellany , London November  1920
 * 'The History of Imagism', essay in The Egoist, May 1915
 * 'The Poetry of HD' essay in The Egoist, May 1915
 * 'Six French Poets' essay in The Egoist, January 1916
 * 'Imagisme', Poetry Chicago March 1913

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: F. S. Flint


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Talk:List of Karaite Jews

Melech ben Yaakov and Yaakov ben Israel
Melech ben Yaakov and Yaakov ben Israel are not Karaites, they have never officially joined Karaite Judaism. They have called themselves Karaites and have created some social networks from which they deceive people who seek a religious alternative in Karaite Judaism. Erick Gutiérrez (talk) 02:59, 15 November 2020 (UTC)

 * Yes, Melech Ben Ya'aqoy is indeed a Karaite. In order to qualify as a "Karaite", One does not need to formally be a member of a "Karaite community". Both of Melech Ben Ya'aqov's parents are Jewish and his Jewish status cannot be challenged by any Karaites nor any Rabbinites (Jews who adhere or come from the rabbinic tradition).
 * For many if not most Karaites, One's
 * "Jewishness" or Jewish status is through the father (unlike rabbinic Judaism which adheres to the principle of matrilineal descent). If One is a Jew as per Karaite Halacha (Karaite Jewish Law), they may embrace the ideology of Karaite Judaism and refer to themselves as a Karaite.
 * Although it may be correct that Melech Ben Ya'aqov did not formally join the "official" Karaite community (such as the Universal Karaite Judaism branch of Karaism in Israel), this does not disqualify his status of his being a "Karaite"
 * Melech Ben Ya'aqov formed a branch of Karaism known as the "World Alliance of Qa'arim" - an attempt to, what he calls, revive an "authentic" Karaism as it might have been before the formation of the Karaite Council of Sages. He points out that there never was a formation of an "over-ruling" body of Karaites for the whole Karaite communitys) - like what we see with the Orthodox Rabbinate today. Melech Ben Ya'aqov also believes that the formation of such a body is not within the historicity or ethical roots of Karaism.
 * However, in saying that, Melech Ben Ya'aqov does identify himself as a Karaite and that his movement does adhere to Karaite Judaism. He also, on the other hand, does refer to himself or others within his movement as "Neo-Karaites". By including the definition of "neo-Karaites" for his movement, Melech Ben Ya'aqov clearly makes a distinction between his movement and the more "original" Karaite Jewish branches. Ergo, a modern, updated or revived version of potentially historic Karaism.
 * By doing so, Melech Ben Ya'aqov relinquishes himself of the responsibility of adhering to the older Karaite *customs* whilst fundamentally maintaining basic Karaite religious principles. All of his personal conclusions or understandings regarding matters such as Torah law do not contradict traditional Karaite thought or Karaite Jewish Law.
 * Does one have to be recognised by the Israeli orthodox rabbinate in order to be orthodox? Myself and many others would say no. The same principle applies here with Melech Ben Ya'aqov. 90.242.82.223 (talk) 00:30, 6 February 2024 (UTC)

This is laughable. Both Melech BY & Yaakov BY are extremely knowledgeable in the areas of Tanach and Biblical Hebrew, and, as far as I can see, make an earnest attempt to adhere to the straightforward meanings of the Torah as they understand them. This is, by definition, a Karaite. I would claim, therefore, that the above statement is merely a public airing of internal Karaite politics and not representative of the facts on the ground. Qtyymz (talk) 18:19, 2 October 2021 (UTC)

Annan a Karaite?
All serious scholars of Karaism have come to the same conclusion about Anan ben David - he was not a Karaite. This is very clearly shown in the writings of the most prominent Karaite Hakhamim such as Daniel Al-Kumisi and Ya'acov Al-Kirkisani. The foremost of all scholars of karaism in the past century, Leon Nemoy, agreed with this as well.--Josiah 14:51, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Al-Kirkisani wrote a religious polemic, and it is not clear to me exactly what he said about Anan vis a vis Karaism. Anyway, I'm looking for historians. So far you've got Nemoy, what exactly did he say?

 * Al-Kirkisani wrote some religous polemics, history of the jewish sects up to his time, commentaries on the tanakh, a book about translations, and other things as well. Anyways, Nemoy you want, and Nemoy you shall have. It should be noted that no other scholar has devoted more research to Karaite literature, at least for those of us who speak English. He distinguishes between Ananites and Karaites by the use of the respective names, many of which I will not quote. The following are places he distinguishes between Anan's adherants and the adherants of Karaism -

 * Karaite Anthology, Introduction page XIX - "To the sec of Ananites there were added in the ninth century other dissident groups, some in Iraq, some in the provinces to the east and west organized by later schismatic teachers: Ismail al-Ukbari, of the town of Ukbara in IRaq, a sharp critic of Anan; Benjamin al-Nahawandi, of the city of Nahawand (Nihavend) in Persia, a mild a reasonable individual; and Malik al-Ramli; a native of al-Ramla in Palestine. Another Iraqi sectarian, Musa (Moses), surnamed al-Zafarani after his native district in the captital city of Bagdad, migrated to Tiflis in Armenia, where he presided over his own group of followers and became known as Abu Imran al-Tiflisi. In Ukbara Ismail's place was taken by Misawayh al-Ukbari, who appears to have been something of a cynic - a rather unusual trait in early Karaism. With Daniel al-Kumisi, a resident of the city of Damagan in the northern Persian province of Kumis and an able scholar, Karaism reached the tenth century."

 * Karaite Anthology, Page 7 - the following is in reference to accounts of Anan's life - "The next account, in chronological order, that of Al-Kirkisani, a devout Karaite, though not an Ananite, and an outspoken foe of Rabbanism, likewise contains no reference to Anan's noble lineage and his unsuccessful candidacy for the office of exilarch."

 * Karaite Anthology, Page 8 - "The fact, however, is that while Anan freely used Rabbainte exegitical and juridical methods, he came to entirely diverge conclusions, in contrast to Benjamin Al-Nahawandi, who employed distintcly Karaite methods of legal exegesis but came to many conclusions identical with or closely parallel to Rabbanite legal norms."

 * Karaite Anthology, Page 10 - "Al-kirisani states also that anan was reported in the 10th century to have written a treatise on the transmigration of souls, a doctrine to which he was said to have subscribed and which was accepted by some tenth-century Ananites." (Compare to earlier quote which mentions that Al-Kirkisani was a Karaite, and not an Ananite)

 * Karaite Anthology, Page 30 - speaking of Daniel Al-Kumisi "A man o f great learning and independent frame of mind, Daniel did not hesitate to differe sharply with both Anan and Bejamin [...] dubbing Anan a 'champion fool.'"

 * If other quotations are requested, I will provide them.--Josiah 03:06, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Non-Karaite sources:

The story that the sect was founded by Anan ben David when he was passed over for the position of exilarch in Babylonia, is viewed with a degree of scepticism by modern scholars while they acknowledge that Anan was a prominent Karaite leader. Jacobs, Louis. Oxford Concise Companion to the Jewish Religion. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press (1999); pg. 121.

Karaites or Caraites (both: kâr´ts) (KEY), Jewish schismatic sect, reputedly founded (8th cent.) in Persia by Anan ben David and originally known as Ananites. Its adherents were called Karaites after the 9th cent. - This article uses Nemoy as a source.

Karaite sources:

...the first universally recognized leader of Karaism was ‘Anan Ben-Dawid. A member of an aristocratic Rabbinite family, he discovered the follies of Rabbanism, and wrote the first systematic non-Rabbinic theological document. While Karaism existed before him, this is why he is often noted as the father of Karaism.

 * The above source may or may not be reliable. The author is an Ashkenazi Jew that converted from Rabbinical Judaism to Karaite Judaism studying under the late Hakham Mordechai Alfandri. After his death, he began making up claims that he was always a Karaite, that his mother was a Crimean Karaite, and that was his native language, etc. When he refused to cease these stories, he was kicked out of the World Karaite Movement by Hakham Gordon, who is part of the UKJ's Council of Hakhamim in Israel (the UKJ is the ruling body of Karaites in Israel). While he seems to has maintained contact with the community in Ashdod, I cannot accept him as a reliable source.--Josiah 03:22, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

The above statement is nothing more than libel. The article reffered to was written by a member of the Karaite Jews of America congregation in Daly City, California, and is based on information taken from “The Karaite Jews of Egypt” by Mourad El-Kodsi (Principal of the Karaite schools in Cairo from 1744 to 1956, member and chairman of many Karaite organisations in Cairo from 1944 to 1959, member and secretary of the Karaite religious council in Egypt for 10 years, and current public relations liason for the Karaite Jews of America). The so-called World Karaite Movement is not the representative of the Karaite community in Israel (that is the UKJ) and has no standing within the community. It was founded by an ex-Rabbanite and most of its members (like the author of the above libel) are not considered Karaites (or even Jews) by the Karaite community. 20:51, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

The above statement is untrue about the World Karaite Movement. Infact Hakham Nehemia  Gordon is recognized by the UKJ as is Hakham Mier Rekhavi. In fact they both are involved in the Karaite Jewish University which has the full support of the KJA, UKJ, and WKM. Hakham Gordon is even on the serveral boards dealing with Karaites in Israel and is regularly in contact with the Moetzet Hakhamim. Therefore, the above statement should be amended to remove the libel posted about the WKM as well as its founders. - Ivan 11:14am, 03/27/2008 (UTC + 5) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 152.133.13.1 (talk) 15:17, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

When Tanya Magram came to live in Kibbutz Hulata with her husband and infant daughter four years ago, she knew just enough Hebrew to ask, "Are there any Karaites in Israel?" As a child in Melitopol, just north of the Crimean peninsula, she had heard her grandmother tell of Anan Ben-David, the eighth-century founder of the Karaite movement who built a synagogue in the holy city of Jerusalem. He and his followers rejected the authority of the Talmud, and called for a return to Jewish law as laid out in the Torah.

In the 8th century, Karaism was initiated by Anan ben David in Mesopotamia...Anan Ben David, the founder of the actual Karaite religion

 * The above sources refer to the Crimean Karaites, who as I (and the site you cited earlier have mentioned, learned the myths promoted externally during the times of the czars as facts under after the communist revolution.--Josiah 03:22, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I should clarify that I am not saying that Karaism, as a whole, did not respect Anan. While many Karaites Sages did not respect Anan at all (such as Daniel Al-Kumisi), others gave him a high level of respect. He did not, however, "found" Karaism. If I can find a photocopy of it on the web, there is a Muslim manuscript which mentions Karaites in Egypt before Anan's lifetime.--Josiah 01:38, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Overhaul of Article
I made an overhaul of the list. I have added material from Karaite Judaism, some of which was transferred here because they were not prominent enough to be included where they were in the original article. I've also reorganized the article by dividing the list into historical time periods and alphabetized the names within each grouping. Additionally, I've added years living when it was readily available to me, as well as details of the people where the information had been previously missing from the list, or the existing information was insufficient. See also recent discussion in Talk:Karaite Judaism for some of the background on what lead to the initial editing of this article. When those edits mentioned there were being done here, I felt that this article was in need of extra attention. — al-Shimoni  (talk) 01:32, 23 July 2011 (UTC)

Nehemia Gordon as a Prominent Karaite
Anonymous editor (68.173.181.36) removed the statement next to Nehemia Gordon's entry which stated that Gordon was arguably one of the best known modern day Karaites. This has been discussed elsewhere. I undid the edit.

While I am aware of the discontent among modern Karaites concerning Gordon and his association with non-Karaites, this has not changed his status as a Karaite. As far as anyone is publicly aware, he has not converted away from Karaism, and thus has neither converted away from Judaism. The official Karaite body in Israel is aware of his activities, and although — from what I understand — some of them are a little uneasy with the situation, they have not decided anything against him. Even if he were to have converted, or does in the future, or the Mo'etze Hakhamim decided something against his status, it would not change the fact that he was a Karaite previously.

As far as his prominence, this is currently indisputable (if someone in the future rises above him in public awareness, then we can assuredly change the statement to reflect the new reality). Outside of Karaism (as well as outside and within mainstream Judaism), there is no Karaite currently living who is more widely known. In Israeli news articles concerning the Karaites and their community, he is frequently used by the writers of those articles as a primary source (no other Karaite is so frequently used). This also occurs outside of Erets Israel. He is also well known outside of Judaism — particularly in the United States — due to his frequent speaking tours, appearances on television, and due to his association with the late American football player Reggie White. Again, no other Karaite is so prominently treated.

Wikipedia is no a place to make political statements (and although this has a religious aspect, the desire to remove association of Gordon with Karaism is political). Wikipedia deals with facts as they are. If anyone has anything factual that can dispute the above, please present them. If a consensus can be achieved that changes the statements as they stand now, we can adjust accordingly.

— al-Shimoni  (talk) 19:21, 29 July 2011 (UTC)

First of all, facts are NOT determined by consensus or a majority vote, regardless of what you believe about this. And I for one hope you are not in a position to suppress fact-based adjustments here that are not to your personal liking, mister al-Shimoni.

I do not dispute even for a split second Gordon's Jewishness and the fact he has certainly never apostated. However, while Gordon still occasionally keeps on referring to himself as a Qaraite, I have noticed him *constantly* referring in his writings to the "minor" fasts in Judaism solely by their Rabbinical names, for many years now. He has also adhered to the Rabbinical Torah & Hafṭarah cycles, though the Qaraite Hafṭarah portions are considerably different on many weeks than their Rabbinical equivalents. Not a single Qaraite conducts themselves like this where those 2 aspects are concerned. Next, he stated 2 months ago at Speaker's Corner in London during a conversation with some Shiite Muslim, "We [the Jews] pray 3 times a day" (listen to the first 9 seconds at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=idqKAmZ-9hc&t=1231s, where he stated something additional that is un-Qaraite). Not a single Qaraite Jew would make such a statement without even the slightest reservation or disclaimer intended to clarify that they were describing the Rabbinical practice.

The aforementioned facts DID change his status as a Qaraite - or perhaps it is more accurate to establish he was never exactly Qaraite to begin with, but rather a quasi-Qaraite Jewish Scripturalist - no matter how much you may hate this. There is no "converting away" within Judaism, as all one needs to do to abandon one denomination and be considered at least unofficially a member of another Jewish denomination is to embrace all its beliefs, doctrines, dogma and practices. No Jew is under any obligation to publicly announce their decision to do so and their actual move. As far as I know, during the past decade Gordon effectively abandoned the Qaraite Community (the main group of Qaraites in Israel and abroad, whose members are officially known to be Qaraite) for all intents and purposes. Therefore, raising the possibility that the official Qaraite body in Israel might decide anything about him or against him was rendered quite irrelevant long ago, assuming this body even has the power to decide such things.

The facts I have raised here are NOT political statements. There is already sufficient factual ground to partly remove Gordon's association with Qaraite Judaism on this website. You cannot cherrypick which facts you want to do justice to, as if they were a restaurant menu. I hope you will eventually have enough sense to stand back when others alter some of the assertions on this site about Gordon so as to reflect ALL the pertinent facts. -Zvi 01:47 PM, 05/20/2021

I have just created for Nehemia Gordon a sub-category, as it were, of quasi-Qaraite Jewish Scripturalists, since sufficient hard evidence has been found that he is no longer Qaraite. I can only hope nobody will tamper with this change. If anyone has solid evidence to justify the placement of other Jewish individuals in this sub-category, they are welcome to do so. -Zvi 03:59 PM, 05/20/2021 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.124.115.112 (talk) 13:00, 20 May 2021 (UTC)

Sierpinski?
Some sources seem to indicate the Polish mathematician Wacław Sierpiński belongs on this page...? —Hobart (talk) 01:24, 4 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Karaite Jews


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Persecution of Hindus/Temp

Persecution of Hindus
This article looks like spam for a website, but it could probably become something more. Someone that knows a bit about Hindu history should probably take a look at it. Paulr 14:53, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * on a copyvio notice. Dunc|☺ 16:02, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment. The article is already a copyvio that an anon user continues to vandalize by removing the copyvio notice. And the VfD message was never added to the article.--Lucky13pjn 00:42, Oct 21, 2004 (UTC)


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Skipwith Cannell

Skipwith Cannell (1887–1957) was an American poet associated with the Imagist group. His surname is pronounced with the accent on the second syllable. He was a friend of William Carlos Williams, and like Ezra Pound he came from Philadelphia. Cannell studied at the University of Virginia and was enthusiastic about the work of Edgar Allan Poe and the free verse of The King James Version of The Bible. He was briefly married to Kathleen Eaton Cannell, who was generally known as 'Kitty'.

Cannell met Pound in Paris in 1913. Pound sent some of Cannell's poems to Harriet Monroe. Back in London, Pound took Cannell and Kitty to visit Yeats and found a room for the couple below his own in Church Walk, Kensington.

Cannell's work appeared in the first Imagist anthology, edited by Pound and published by Poetry Bookshop in 1914  Des Imagistes  and The New Poetry: An Anthology, edited by Harriet Monroe and Alice Corbin Henderson in 1917.

Cannell and Kitty divorced in 1921. There were no children from this first marriage. Cannell married secondly Juliette Del Grange, a French national with whom he had two daughters, May and Sarah. His second marriage also ended in divorce. He married a third time to Catherine Pettigrew, with whom he had five additional children, David, Mary, Michael, John and Susan.

He was closely involved with Alfred Kreymborg's magazine Others: A Magazine of the New Verse.

title: Skipwith Cannell


text:
User:MikiWiki

MikiWiki is an academic who has worked in the area of bio-inspired computing for the last 15 years or so.

title: User:MikiWiki


text:
Lord & Taylor

Lord & Taylor was the oldest-surviving department store chain in the United States. The company operated full-line department stores from 1826 until it filed for bankruptcy in 2020. The following year, in 2021, it closed all its brick-and-mortar stores. Saadia Group acquired the Lord & Taylor intellectual property and relaunched the e-commerce website later that same year.

Under the Lord family, 1826–1916
English-born Samuel Lord started a dry goods business in New York City in 1824 and opened the original store that would become Lord & Taylor in 1826, on Catherine Street in what is now Two Bridges, Manhattan. The shop stocked hosiery, misses' wear, and cashmere shawls. His wife's cousin, George Washington Taylor, joined in 1834, and the store was named Lord & Taylor. The store continued to grow: it annexed 49 Catherine Street in 1832 and moved six years later to 61–63 Catherine Street. James S. Taylor, Lord's brother-in-law, replaced George Taylor in 1845. The company erected a new building at Grand and Chrystie Streets in 1853 and moved into that location the following year. Lord later named his son John T. Lord and his employee John S. Lyle as partners in the enterprise.

On August 29, 1859, Lord & Taylor opened a second store on Broadway at Grand Street in the modern-day SoHo neighborhood, keeping the older store open. The new store was described as a "five-story marble emporium" and was among Broadway's first major new department stores since the A.T. Stewart building at 280 Broadway was completed in 1846. At the same time, Lord & Taylor started participating in wholesaling. Lord retired in 1862. Samuel Lord Jr. and George Washington Taylor Lord succeeded the original partners in leading the company.

In 1870, the Broadway store moved uptown to a new cast-iron building at Broadway and 20th Street, in the area known as the "Ladies' Mile". This store was designed by James H. Giles and included one of the first steam-powered passenger elevators. The new store expanded around 1890 by annexing a building to the east. Lord & Taylor faced economic troubles after the Panic of 1873, though the original partners gave the company "a large loan" in 1879. By 1894, the company was fast-growing and would open stores on Fifth Avenue in 1903 and 1906. The downtown store continued to function, expanded through to Forsyth Street and advertised until at least 1887 as a new building. Samuel Lord's estate sold the Grand Street store in 1901.

The Lord & Taylor Building, the Starrett & van Vleck-designed Fifth Avenue store and headquarters opened between 38th and 39th streets on February 24, 1914. It touted many modern improvements, including an electric delivery vehicle garage; elevator and hidden conveyor systems for moving goods, people, showcases, and trash, and for loading and unloading trucks; and an on-site electrical generation and heating system. The Broadway store was quickly sold after the new store opened on March 26. The new store became a New York City Landmark on October 30, 2007.

Lord & Taylor announced in November 1915 that it would sell off its wholesale business.

Under Associated Dry Goods, 1916–1986
A founding unit of Associated Dry Goods, Lord & Taylor was considered to be its crown jewel.

In 1945, Dorothy Shaver became the first woman to head a major retail establishment in the United States as president of Lord & Taylor. As vice president working with the well-known design firm of Raymond Loewy Associates, she opened what is credited as the first-ever branch store, in Manhasset, New York. Unlike earlier forays into the suburbs that consisted of smaller boutique-style shops, this merchandising effort became the model for modern suburban shopping. The store consisted of 66 individual shops. Lord & Taylor's relationship with Raymond Loewy Associates continued until 1969, following the construction of the Stamford, Connecticut store (designed by Loewy Vice President Andrew Geller). Many of Lord & Taylor's special services, including personal shoppers, were introduced while Shaver presided. During this period she introduced the Andrew Geller handwritten logo and the American Beauty Rose as icons of the store. Shaver died in 1959.

William J. Lippincott was elected chairman and chief executive in 1972. His obituary in The New York Times read: "In his years as president and chairman, Lord & Taylor moved beyond its traditional territory in the northeast to open stores in Atlanta, Houston, and Dallas and four stores in Illinois." A management shakeup ousted him in 1976.

Under the leadership of CEO Joseph E. Brooks during the 1970s, the company aggressively expanded into Texas, Illinois, and Michigan; throughout the 1980s, South Florida saw 11 stores opened in quick succession.

Under May Department Stores Company, 1986–2005
When the May Company acquired ADG in 1986, it was assumed that May bought it just for the luxury division.

The chain partially withdrew from the oil-shocked Texas and southern Florida markets in 1989–1990 after its 1986 acquisition by May. Under May, the majority of the upscale Hahne & Co., Wanamaker's, and Woodward & Lothrop chains were refitted and converted into Lord & Taylor.

Jane T. Elfers became Lord & Taylor's second female president in June 2000. Former Neiman Marcus executive, Brendan Hoffman replaced her in October 2008, when Elfer's contract had expired. A third female president, Bonnie Brooks, took over in 2011, and a fourth female president, Liz Rodbell, took over in 2013.

Under Federated Department Stores, 2005–2006
Federated Department Stores, now Macy's Inc, acquired May Department Stores on August 30, 2005. On January 12, 2006, Federated chairman, president, and CEO Terry Lundgren announced that Lord & Taylor would be sold by the end of the year. In a move that took advantage of valuable real estate, Federated announced on March 10, 2006, that seven conflicting Lord & Taylor locations would be sold or downscale into Macy's. The legendary Center City, Philadelphia store, the former flagship of the John Wanamaker chain, opened after a one-month renovation as Macy's City Center on August 1, 2006.

Under NRDC Equity Partners, 2006–2008
On June 22, 2006, NRDC Equity Partners, LLC announced it would purchase Lord & Taylor for $1.2 billion after Federated converted and sold the previously announced locations; the sale was completed in October 2006. Federated continued to service Lord & Taylor consumer credit accounts in an agreement with NRDC under the terms of its sale until mid-2007.

Under Hudson's Bay Company, 2008–2019
On July 16, 2008, NRDC Equity Partners announced that it had purchased the 338-year-old Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) for an undisclosed price to expand internationally and positioned Lord & Taylor under HBC. The combined HBC, as of February 2018, consisted of Hudson's Bay and Home Outfitters in Canada, Galeria Kaufhof in Germany, and Lord & Taylor and Saks Fifth Avenue in the United States.

HBC committed to spending an additional $250 million upgrading stores. The Fifth Avenue flagship store received a $150 million ($ in ) update in 2010. In 2011, an ultra-modern concept store opened in Westchester County at the new Ridge Hill Mall. During this time, locations such as Manhasset, Garden City, Bala Cynwyd, Eastchester, and Stamford all saw ultra-modern style renovations and upgrades. In 2012, a large outpost opened at The Mall at Rockingham Park. In 2013, a contemporary-style outpost opened at Mizner Park in Boca Raton, Florida. In 2014, a $20 million ($ in ) contemporary outpost, modeled after the Boca Raton location, opened at Crossgates Mall near Albany, NY. Around this time, a store was announced to open alongside Saks Fifth Avenue in the luxury wing of the American Dream Mall. In March 2017, Lord & Taylor partnered with Brideside.com to launch an in-store bridal shop.In April 2017, Lord & Taylor completed a $12 million ($ in ) renovation plan at the Fifth Avenue store. In October 2017, after an attempt made to build a skyscraper above the Fifth Avenue store, it was announced the building would be sold in a joint partnership to WeWork for $850 million ($ in ). WeWork was set to occupy the uppermost floors of the building, with the rest remaining a flagship space for Lord & Taylor. This was part of a trend on Wall Street to maximize profits and real estate value. In February 2019, the sale completed for $725 million ($ in ) in cash and the remainder in equity, forming a joint venture with Lord & Taylor as minority owners. Industry observers connected the sale of the flagship store to intense activist investors and opportunity seen to monetize real estate at HBC.

On April 1, 2018, the Hudson's Bay Company gave notice of the theft of customers' credit and debit cards due to a hacking incident. A hacking group known as JokerStash or Fin7 attempted to sell the information from five million stolen customer credentials on dark web sites during the last week of March 2018. The company noted that most compromised records were from Lord & Taylor and Saks Fifth Avenue customers. The Hudson's Bay Company noted that customers would not be liable for any charges incurred due to this breach, and they will offer no-cost credit report monitoring and identity protection services.

In May 2018, Walmart began carrying Lord & Taylor fashions on their website to modernize Walmart and position it more upscale. This was a bold move praised by many as being innovative.

Under Le Tote, 2019–2020
In August 2019, Le Tote, Inc. purchased the retailer for CA$99.5 million ($75 million) in cash on closing and an additional CA$33.2 million ($25 million) two years later. HBC was to get a 25% equity stake in Le Tote. The buyer would retain the stores' inventory, with an estimated value of CA$284.2 million. The deal, expected to close before year-end, required HBC to pay the stores' rent for at least three years, at an estimated CA$77 million ($58 million) cash per year. The acquisition was completed in November 2019.

In November 2019, the sale to Le Tote was finalized and it was reported that all 38 Lord & Taylor brick-and-mortar locations would transfer ownership.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
Lord & Taylor's stores were forced to close due to executive state orders by the local and state governments on non-essential retail by Wednesday, March 18, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. While it took some time for the locations to reopen to the public, some of its closed U.S. stores were looted following the murder of George Floyd. Lord & Taylor began the process of reopening on Friday, May 15, 2020, with two of its locations in Florida and New Hampshire allowed to reopen. All stores resumed operations by July 3, 2020. On August 2, 2020, it was reported that Lord & Taylor and Le Tote had filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

On August 3, it was reported that the company would simultaneously solicit bids for its Le Tote and Lord & Taylor businesses. On October 15, 2020, Saadia Group, LLC announced it would acquire Lord & Taylor which would then transform the retailer into a digital first format.

On Tuesday, October 20, 2020, Lord & Taylor's traditional brick-and-mortar format began ceasing operations for at least the foreseeable future. On Tuesday, December 29, 2020, 18 out of 38 stores had closed and about a month later, the freestanding store in Bala Cynwyd shuttered. Finally, on Saturday, February 27, 2021, the remaining 19 stores closed; these stores would have closed on Sunday, but due to the Bergen County Blue Laws that occur on Sunday for the Westfield Garden State Plaza and Fashion Center locations both in Paramus, New Jersey, it was decided to close all of the stores on Saturday.

Saadia Group, since 2020
In October 2020, the investment firm Saadia Group acquired Lord & Taylor; they transformed the retailer into a digital-first format. In fall 2022, an ad campaign called "Fall Fete" debuted alongside a new logo.

SaksWorks
In August 2021, it was announced that SaksWorks, a partnership with WeWork and a spinoff of the Saks Fifth Avenue brand, would provide co-working spaces for technology startups and services for other enterprises. It was predicted that SaksWorks would fill about 90% of the former Lord & Taylor brick-and-mortar locations since Hudson's Bay Company still owned the real estate of the properties.

title: Lord & Taylor


text:
Talk:Carlos Beltrán

siblings
is he by any chance releated to adrian beltran who???? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.230.3.250 (talk) 06:07, 23 September 2012 (UTC)

Deleting reliable sources in favor of WP:THE TRUTH
I am being repeatedly reverted for adding a reliable source that say the Yankees deal has been struck for three years/$45 million dollars. User:Richiekim insists on an announcement from the Yankees and a physical for Beltran. This is preferring a primary source to a secondary source and WP:OR. Other, univolved editors: Please offer him guidance or offer me a troutslap, which ever seems appropriate. David in DC (talk) 14:40, 7 December 2013 (UTC)
 * I know this is a bit tardy, but you're the one who needs the guidance. A contract signing was agreed upon, but it did not become official until the Yankees added him to the roster, which they just did today. Their 40-man roster was full, so someone had to be cut to make room for Beltran. – Muboshgu (talk) 18:44, 19 December 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Carlos Beltrán


text:
User:Paulr~enwiki

About me

 * insert interesting comment here.

Topics that interest me
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 * John Kerry

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 * Italy
 * Ohio

Things:

Religion:

 * Atheism
 * Roman Catholic
 * Apocrypha
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 * Arguments for the existence of God
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Misc:

 * List of legends and myths
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title: User:Paulr~enwiki


text:
Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda

Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda (1490 – 17 November 1573) was a Spanish humanist, philosopher, and theologian of the Spanish Renaissance. He is mainly known for his participation in a famous debate with Bartolomé de las Casas in Valladolid, Spain, in 1550–1551. The debate centered on the legitimacy of the conquest and colonization of America by the Spanish Empire and on the treatment of the Native Americans. The main philosophical referents of Ginés de Sepúlveda were Aristotle, Saint Thomas Aquinas, Roman law and Christian theology. These influences allowed him to argue for the cultural superiority and domination of the Spanish over the Native Americans during the period of the conquest.

Biography

Sepúlveda was born in 1490 at Pozoblanco in the Córdoba province of Spain. He came from a humble background, his parents were Ginés Sánchez Mellado, a craftsman, and María Ruiz. In 1510 he enrolled at the University of Alcalá de Henares, where he studied philosophy and Greek. In 1513 he began studying theology at the College of San Antonio de Sigüenza. Then, in February 1515, he obtained a letter of recommendation from Cardinal Cisneros to attend the prestigious Spanish College in Bologna, Italy, known for its studies in canon law and theology.

In September 1515, Sepúlveda matriculated into the Spanish College where he studied theology and philosophy. Under the tutelage of Pietro Pomponazzi he developed a lifelong appreciation and expertise for the works of Aristotle. While in Bologna, he enjoyed the friendship and patronage of Alberto Pío, Prince of Carpi, and also met Giulio de' Medici who would later become Pope Clement VII. Both men encouraged Sepúlveda to study Aristotle. In the next several years, he translated several of the philosophers works from Greek to Latin, including Parva Naturalia, 1522; De ortu et interitu, 1523; De mundo, 1523; and Meteorum, 1532.

By 1523, Sepúlveda had earned doctorates in arts and theology. He also took religious vows and became a Dominican priest. After Medici became Pope Clement VII in 1523, Sepúlveda served at the papal curia in Rome where he developed a reputation for scholarship and rhetorical skills. He wrote several short works regarding contemporary religious controversies. In 1526 he penned De fato et libero arbitrio against Martin Luther, De ritu nuptiarum in 1531 against Henry VIII's divorce proceedings, and Antapologia against Erasmus in 1532. He despised Luther and strongly disagreed with his theology, but Sepúlveda respected Erasmus and despite their disagreements, they continued to correspond for many years.

He also used his rhetorical skills 1529 to write Ad Carolum V, urging the Habsburg emperor Charles V to unite Christian Europe and fight the Turks. In Democrates (1535) he defended the concept that a just war based on natural law was compatible with Christianity.

He was the adversary of Bartolomé de las Casas in the Valladolid Controversy in 1550 concerning the justification of the Spanish Conquest of the Indies. Sepúlveda was the defender of the Spanish Empire's right of conquest, of colonization, of forced conversion in the so-called New World, and a supporter of colonial slavery. He argued on the base of natural law philosophy and developed a position which was different from the position of the School of Salamanca, as represented famously by Francisco de Vitoria.

Spanish colonization of the Americas
Sepúlveda was inspired by Aristotelian philosophy, especially his ideas about the natural hierarchy and the superiority of human beings over other species. He used these concepts to argue that Native Americans were "barbaric" and "savage" by nature and therefore justified their subjugation by the Spanish Empire. Sepúlveda also drew on the theology and philosophy of Saint Thomas Aquinas, who argued that there were different degrees of perfection and that some human beings were naturally superior to others. Sepúlveda applied these principles to justify the domination of the Native Americans by the Spanish Empire. Sepúlveda used too concepts from Roman law, especially the idea of just war theory and the right of conquest, to argue that the colonization of the Americas by the Spanish Empire was legally and morally justified. Sepúlveda also appealed to the Bible and Christian theology to justify the forced conversion of Native Americans to Christianity and their subjugation by the Spanish Empire. He interpreted biblical passages and Christian doctrines in support of his position.

The Valladolid Debate was organized by King Charles V to give an answer to the question whether the indigenous peoples of the Americas were capable of self-governance, during the Spanish colonization of the Americas.

Sepúlveda defended the position of the colonists, although he had never been to America, claiming that some Amerindians were "natural slaves" as defined by Aristotle in Book I of Politics. "Those whose condition is such that their function is the use of their bodies and nothing better can be expected of them, those, I say, are slaves of nature. It is better for them to be ruled thus." He said these natives are "as children to parents, as women are to men, as cruel people are from mild people". These assertions in regard to some but not all Amerindians were made in Democrates alter de justis belli causis apud Indos (A Second Democrates: on the just causes of war with Indians) Rome, 1550. Although Aristotle was a primary source for Sepúlveda's argument, he also pulled from various Christian and other classical sources, including the Bible.

Las Casas utilized the same sources in his counterargument. According to Bartolomé de las Casas, God had power over all people in the world, including those who had never heard of Christianity. However, he thought that Christianity should be presented to natives as a religious option, not an obligation as Sepulveda believed. Las Casas said that Amerindians ought to enjoy the same freedoms as any other people because, in his view, no Amerindians lacked the ability to rule themselves.

Works

Selected works by Sepulveda include:

 * Liber gestarum Aegidii Albornotii, 1521
 * Parva Naturalia, 1522
 * Gonsalus sive de appetenda gloria, 1523
 * De fato et libero arbitrio, 1526
 * Alexandri Aphrodisiei commentaria in Aristotelis Metaphysica, 1527
 * Ad Carolum V, 1529
 * De ritu nuptiarum et dispensatione, 1531
 *  Antapologia pro Alberto Pio Carpensi, 1532
 * De convenientia militaris disciplinae cum christiana religione qui inscribitur Democrates, Roma, 1535.
 * Alexandri Aphrodisiei Commentaria in dvodecim Aristotelis libros De prima philosophia, interprete Ioanne Genesio Sepulveda, 1536.
 * Democrates secundus sive de iustis belli causis ..., 1544.
 * Apologia pro libro de justis belli causis, 1550.
 * De rebus gestis Caroli V, 1556.
 * Epistolarum libri septem, 1557.
 * De rebus gestis Philippi II, 1564.
 * De regno libri III, 1570.
 * Democrates alter, 1892.
 * Democrates alter, 1892.
 * Democrates alter, 1892.

title: Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda


text:
Opel Rekord

The Opel Rekord is a large family car which was built in eight generations by the German car manufacturer Opel. Between 1953 and 1986, approximately ten million were sold.

The Series D and E Rekords also spawned derivative versions manufactured by Opel's British sister company Vauxhall and in the case of the Rekord E, GM's Australian arm Holden. In 1986, the Rekord nameplate was replaced by the Opel Omega.

Naming
The Rekord name evolved into the main name of the model; at first the name was used in close relationship with the Opel Olympia name, which pre-dated the Rekord but was also reinstated in a separate model in 1967.

The various generations are described here with the manufacturer's, or other commonly used designations such as "Rekord P I" or "Rekord B". The car was not badged with these additional appellations.

Olympia Rekord (1953–1957)
The Opel Olympia Rekord was introduced in March 1953 as successor to the Opel Olympia, a pre-World War II design dating back to 1935. The Opel Olympia Rekord was built until 1957 in four different versions. Around 580,000 units were produced. Styling of the 1953–54 sedans resembled scaled-down versions of the contemporary Chevrolet in the U.S. Both cars were of course, products of General Motors.

 * 1953/54: 1488 cc, 40 PS. Available as two-door saloon, cabriolet and estate (Caravan). Price in Germany: DM 6,410 to 6,710. 136,028 units made.
 * 1955: 1488 cc, 40 PS. Mild facelift, comprising larger rear window, new grille insert. New base model called simply Olympia; a delivery, based on the saloon, was also introduced. Price in Germany: DM 5,850 to 6,710. 131,586 units made.
 * 1956: 1488 cc, 45 PS. New grille insert, bumpers now without guards. Price in Germany: DM 5,410 to 6,560. 144,587 units made.
 * 1957: 1488 cc, 45 PS. New grille insert again, flatter roof, chrome strips along belt line. The cabriolet was no longer part of the line. Prices in Germany: DM 5,510 to 6,560. 169,721 units made.

General data:
 * Wheelbase 97.9 in
 * Length 166.9 in
 * Width 64 in
 * Height 61 in
 * Kerb weight 2020 lb-2200 lb
 * Top speed approximately 75 mi/h

Rekord P1 (July 1957 – July 1960)
The Opel (Olympia) Rekord P1 had a slightly larger, more modern body with wraparound windscreen and rear screen, introducing to Germany the latest American fashion of two-tone paintwork.

The standard model was sold as the Opel Olympia Rekord, while a reduced specification version was marketed simply as the Opel Olympia and widely known, less formally, as the "Bauern-Buick" (Peasant's Buick).

A new base version with an 1196 cc engine appeared in 1959 badged more simply as the Opel 1200, and replacing the Opel Olympia.

A semi-automatic gearbox ("Olymat") became available for model year 1959. Initially the car retained the 1488 cc, 45 PS of its predecessor: this was complemented by a 1680 cc, 55 PS;L engine for model year 1960.

The PI remained in production until 1960.

 * 1958–59: 1488 cc, 45 PS. Available as two-door "Olympia" base model or more luxurious two-door "Olympia Rekord" and as three-door estate ("Caravan") and "delivery" van based on the saloon. Price in Germany: DM 5,785 to 6,845. 509,110 units were made.
 * 1959: 1488 cc, 45 PS; on request 1680 cc, 55 PS. Also available as four-door saloon. Several refinements including padded dashboard, ignition lock, electrically driven windscreen wipers. The new base model "Opel 1200" replaced the former Olympia (1196 cc, 40 PS, DM 5,835); the 1200 remained in production until December 1962, while the P I was superseded in August 1960 by the Rekord P II.

Price in Germany: DM 6,545 to 7,110. 307,000 units (P I) + 67.952 units (1200). In 1959–60, Karosseriebau Autenrieth of Darmstadt, Germany converted P I two-door sedans to coupés and cabriolets, in very limited numbers. Prices were DM 9,380 for the coupé and DM 11,180 for the convertible.

General data:
 * Wheelbase 100 in
 * Length 174.9 in
 * Width 63.6 in
 * Height 58.7 in
 * Kerb weight 2010 lb-2210 lb
 * Top speed 74 mi/h–82 mi/h.

Rekord P2 (1960–1963)
The Opel Rekord P2 grew in size, if not in wheelbase, and received a totally new body that did away with wraparound windows. It was available in several body versions: 2-door and 4-door saloon, a 3-door estate ("Caravan") plus delivery van, a pick-up, and a convertible. From August 1961 on, a works coupé became available, and in June 1962 a more luxurious "L" version was added with a new top engine of 1700 cc "S" and a higher compression ratio. The latest versions had an optional four-speed gearbox.

Prices in Germany: DM 6,545 to 7,770. 787,684 units made. Autenrieth continued to sell a handful of convertibles at DM 11,635.

General data:
 * Engines: 1488 cc, 50 PS, or 1680 cc, 55 PS or 1680 cc, 60 PS
 * Wheelbase 100 in
 * Length 177.8 in
 * Width 64.3 in
 * Height 58.6 in
 * Kerb weight 2075 lb-2240 lb
 * Top speed 77 mi/h-87 mi/h

Rekord A (1963–1965)
The Rekord A line-up was a repeat of the Rekord P II (two- and four-door saloon, two-door estate and delivery van, two-door coupé with 1500 or 1700 or 1700 S engines), but the bodies were completely new and the wheelbase stretched to 103.3 in. March 1964 saw the introduction of the Rekord L-6 with the Opel Kapitän's 2.6-litre inline-six.

Prices in Germany: DM 6,830 to 9,370; front disc brakes: + DM 200, four-speed with floor shift: + DM 180. In total, 885,292 units were built. In very limited numbers, Karl Deutsch of Cologne sold a convertible version with either the 1700 S or the 2600 engine, at DM 11,765 and 13,060 respectively.

General data:
 * Engines: 1488 cc, 55 PS, or 1680 cc, 60 or 67 PS, or 2605 cc, 100 PS
 * Wheelbase 103.9 in
 * Length 178 in
 * Width 66.8 in
 * Height 57.7 in
 * Kerb weight 2140 lb-2510 lb
 * Top speed 81 mi/h-104 mi/h

Rekord B (1965–1966)
While the Rekord B consisted of only a mild facelift compared to the A, it received Opel's new, more oversquare four-cylinder CIH (cam in head) engines (1500, 1700 S, 1900 S). The CIH engines were used in all subsequent Rekord generations until 1986, when Rekord was replaced by the Opel Omega. The 2,.6-litre six-cylinder engine remained unchanged. The line-up was identical to the Rekord A.

Prices in Germany: DM 6,980 to 9,570; power brakes: + DM 95, automatic gearbox: + 950, four-speed gearbox: + 95. 296,771 units.

General data:
 * Engines: 1,492 cc, 60 PS, or 1,698 cc, 75 PS, or 1,897 cc, 90 PS, or 2,605 cc, 100 PS
 * Wheelbase 103.9 in
 * Length 178.3 in
 * Width 66.6 in
 * Height 56.7 in
 * Kerb weight from 2190 lb
 * Top speed 83 mi/h-104 mi/h

Rekord C (1966–1971)
With 1,276,681 units built, the Rekord C was the most successful Rekord so far. The car proved to be a solid hit with the public: it was reliable, roomy and pleasant to look at with its coke-bottle line.

The range consisted of the two- and four-door saloon, two- and (new) four-door estate, delivery van, and two-door hardtop coupé with 1500, 1700, 1700 S, 1900 S fours or (until 1968) a 2200 six. Very short-lived (1967 only) was a special taxi version on a longer wheelbase (113 inch) with division, that sold for DM 9,950; with it, Opel tried to get a foothold in the German taxi market, then (as now) dominated by Mercedes-Benz. Again, Karl Deutsch of Cologne offered a convertible version in limited numbers.

There existed several variations of the Rekord C, as well as version made under different names in different countries.

A variation on the Rekord C was the Rekord Sprint coupé (1967–71) with driving lights, sport steel wheels, sport stripes and a sporty interior; the Sprint received exclusively the so-called 1900 H engine with two double-barrel carburettors, good for 106 PS and 108 mi/h.

The former Rekord L-6 was replaced by the new Commodore A, a slightly disguised and better-equipped Rekord C available as two- and four-door sedan and hardtop coupé with six-cylinder engines only.

It was during the life of this model (in fact 1967–70) that the Opel Olympia name was revived, but in a separate, smaller car which was based on the period Opel Kadett.

After the launch of the smaller Ascona in September 1970, the Ascona supplanted some of the lower-cost versions of the Rekord and the smallest, 1.5-litre engine was discontinued.

Ranger
The Ranger was a Rekord-based range built at the Opel Continental plant in Antwerp, Belgium, for the overall European market. Styling was similar to the Rekord, although the Ranger had a four-headlamp grille setup, similar to the Vauxhall Victor FD range of the time. Initially, there were two models: Ranger 130 and Ranger 153. In 1970 additional models were announced, being the Ranger 1900 and Ranger 2500, and a "SS" variant, based on the Ranger 153.

There was also a South African Ranger, built in General Motors South Africa's plant Port Elizabeth. Known as 'South Africa's Own Car', it featured a springbok logo on its grille, and was also produced as a station wagon.

Other markets
The Rekord C was built as Chevrolet Opala and Comodoro in Brazil from 1968 onward, available in saloon, coupé and estate forms and featuring either Chevrolet's 2.5 L four, 3.8 L inline-six or 4.1 L inline-six. These models received several facelifts and remained in production until about 1992.

A Rekord C coupé was locally built in South Africa as a Ranger SS during the 1970s.

Prices in Germany (1966): DM 7,630 to 9,560; Sprint (1967): DM 9,775.

General data:
 * Engines: 1492 cc, 58, later 60 PS, 1698 cc, 60, later 66 PS, 1698 cc, 75 PS, 1897 cc, 90 PS, 1897 cc, 106 PS, 2239 cc, 95 PS
 * Wheelbase 105 in
 * Length 180 in
 * Width 69.1 in
 * Height 57.5 in
 * Kerb weight 2265 lb-2585 lb
 * Top speed 81 mi/h-108 mi/h

Rekord D (1972–1977)
About 1.1 million Rekord Ds were made. Because the name Rekord D was easily mistaken to connote a diesel-powered car, the name Rekord II was often used in sales literature. The first prototype was ready in 1971. The engine types available were 1897 cc or 1698 cc CIH (cam-in-head) four-cylinder gasoline engines. There was also a 2068 cc diesel version which was later accompanied by a smaller 2.0 litre version for certain markets. The diesel engine was higher than gasoline variants, so diesel model hoods have a raised midsection. The six-cylinder variant of this car is called the Commodore B. Transmissions available were standard four-speed manual with either floor or steering-column shifter and TH-180 automatic transmission. The body is of unitary construction. Body types available were two-door sedan, four-door sedan, three-door wagon, five-door wagon, two-door coupé and two-door van. There was also a variant called "Berlina" with more luxurious interior and wheels.

The Rangers were also transferred to this new generation, with the dropping of the 130 and 153 and the adding of a 1.7 L engine. In 1972, the line-up consisted of the base Ranger 1700, the mid-level Ranger 1900, and the top-of-the-line Ranger 2500. In 1974, a 2.8L engine was introduced to the Ranger family. However, by that time the Rangers were unpopular, and were discontinued after the 1976 model year. Most of these were sold exclusively in Continental Europe, especially the Benelux region.

South Africa used this body type for their Chevrolet 2500, 3800 and 4100 series. They looked visually almost identical but had the Chevrolet 2500 (4-cylinder) or 3800 and 4100 (6-cylinder) engines installed. They were available as four-door saloon or estate. The six-cylinder versions could be differentiated from the "fours" as they had four round headlights as opposed to the two rectangular units.

These cars were also assembled in Iran from 1974 till 1977 (before the revolution) under the local "Chevrolet Royale / or Chevrolet Iran" brand-name by Iran General Motors. The two models were 2500 and 2800 with 2.5L and 2.8L, respectively. The production of these vehicles ended in 1977 when the assembly line started producing the Chevrolet Nova, Buick Skylark, and Cadillac Seville cars until 1987. The Vauxhall FE Victor/VX4 also used the floorpan and basic body architecture of the Rekord D - but retained Vauxhall designed running gear and had no interchangeable body panels.

Rekord E (1977–1986)
The E model can be subdivided into Rekord E1 (1977–82) and Rekord E2 (1982–86). Over 1.4 million units were made. The Rekord E was available as a two- or four-door sedan, and as a three- or five-door Caravan (station wagon). In some markets where the tax structure was suitable, a three-door van version was also available.

A version of the Rekord E was sold by Vauxhall in the United Kingdom from 1978 as the Carlton, with a restyled "droopsnoot" nose. Unlike the Rekord D, there was a much stronger correlation between the Rekord and its Vauxhall sister - now essentially being the same car apart from the aforementioned styling changes. Prior to the introduction of the facelift E2 in 1982, the Opel and Vauxhall versions were sold in competition with each other in the UK market. The Rekord and Carlton's differences in appearance vanished following the 1982 facelift, when most of the Opel range was withdrawn from sale in the UK. The E1 model was also sold in South Africa, initially as the Chevrolet Rekord, before being rebranded as an Opel in 1982, remaining in production until 1984. The E2 model remained in production in South Africa until the early 1990s, and was also available with a six-cylinder engine.

The Opel Rekord finished production in the autumn of 1986 when it was replaced by the Opel Omega, with the Vauxhall equivalent retaining the Carlton nameplate.

The Rekord E was also the basis for the first generation of the Holden Commodore, from the VB to the VL series versions. These versions of the Commodore were produced and sold in Australia and New Zealand from 1978 to 1988.

title: Opel Rekord


text:
User:Matt Crypto/notify

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User talk:MatthewWilcox

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Talk:Operating system advocacy
Hi, I left a message there re your edit to that article. Feel free to reply only on that talk page. Thanks - Taxman 21:20, Nov 29, 2004 (UTC)

Linux Expo
A template has been added to the article Linux Expo, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice explains why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may contest the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. — Fingers-of-Pyrex 01:26, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

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User talk:Jipumarino

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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Lor cd.jpg
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title: User talk:Jipumarino


text:
User talk:PMLF

Archive01

Invitation to WikiProject Portals
The Portals WikiProject has been rebooted.

There are sections on the WikiProject page dedicated to tasks (including WikiGnome tasks too), and areas on the talk page for discussing the improvement and automation of the various features of portals.

There's a watchlist, of all the pages in the portal namespace, for viewing Related changes.

And more.

You are invited to join, and participate in the effort to revitalize and improve the Portal system and all the portals in it.

We may even surprise ourselves and exceed all expectations. Who knows what we will be able to accomplish in what may become the biggest Wikicollaboration in years.

See ya at the WikiProject!

Sincerely,   — The Transhumanist   14:45, 24 April 2018 (UTC)

Thank you very much
The RfC discussion to eliminate portals was closed May 12, with the statement "There exists a strong consensus against deleting or even deprecating portals at this time." This was made possible because you and others came to the rescue. Thank you for speaking up.

By the way, the current issue of the Signpost features an article with interviews about the RfC and the Portals WikiProject.

I'd also like to let you know that the Portals WikiProject is working hard to make sure your support of portals was not in vain. Toward that end, we have been working diligently to innovate portals, while building, updating, upgrading, and maintaining them. The project has grown to 80 members so far, and has become a beehive of activity.

Our two main goals at this time are to automate portals (in terms of refreshing, rotating, and selecting content), and to develop a one-page model in order to make obsolete and eliminate most of the 150,000 subpages from the portal namespace by migrating their functions to the portal base pages, using technologies such as selective transclusion. Please feel free to join in on any of the many threads of development at the WikiProject's talk page, or just stop by to see how we are doing. If you have any questions about portals or portal development, that is the best place to ask them.

If you would like to keep abreast of developments on portals, keep in mind that the project's members receive updates on their talk pages. The updates are also posted here, for your convenience.

Again, we can't thank you enough for your support of portals, and we hope to make you proud of your decision. Sincerely,  — The Transhumanist   23:07, 25 May 2018 (UTC)

P.S.: if you reply to this message, please ping me. Thank you. -TT

title: User talk:PMLF


text:
Talk:Free software/old article

 * This is material from the old version of Free software which should either be merged into that article or Freeware.

The term free software is used in two essentially different ways:
 * 1) Software which, once obtained, can be used, copied, studied, modified and redistributed;
 * 2) Software which can be used and copied without payment.

Free software of the first type is often made available online without charge or offline for the cost of distribution; however, this is not required, and software can be "free as in free speech" and sold for profit. Similarly, free software of the second type is sometimes published with source code; however, the software is not free in the first sense unless the rights to modify and redistribute modified versions of the program are guaranteed.

The distinction between these two senses, as defined by Richard Stallman, an advocate of free software in the first sense, is between "free as in free speech" and "free as in free beer". In many languages the these two terms are translated differently. In the French language, free software in the first sense is translated as logiciel libre and the second is logiciel gratuit. Similarly, in Spanish, the first sense is software libre and the second is software gratis. In English, the terms "software libre" and "gratis software" are sometimes used to distinguish the two meanings of "free".

Free software as in "no charge"
Various types of free software in this sense exists:
 * Freeware, software that can be distributed and used without cost. Few strings are attached; sometimes only private, non-commercial use is allowed. The software may not be modified, and sometimes may also not be redistributed.
 * Adware, software which displays advertisements during use. Legit adware is often a kind of shareware which may be used for free with ads, other adware is a kind of spyware which comes with advertising. This second kind is often installed without the consent of the installee.
 * Spyware, collects market research data and/or credit card numbers from the host computer. Also often (if not always) installed without consent.
 * Crippleware, software which can be used in a limited form for free; the enhanced version typically requires payment (see shareware).

The following are freely available to a greater or lesser degree, but are not properly "free software" in this sense:
 * Shareware's license requires payment for use beyond a specified trial period. The payment typically has to be made by the user on an "honor system".
 * Warez is current proprietary software which is distributed for free by a third party in violation of its copyright license.
 * Abandonware is software which is used and distributed in violation of copyright license, like warez, but is no longer sold or developed by its owner. Often distributors justify this violation of copyright by claiming to be offering a service to those who have previously bought a program that has been corrupted (for example by an expired floppy disk).  Copyright of the software may or may not be enforced by the owner depending on their views of this arrangement.  As an extra aside several developers have voluntarily made some of their older software available as abandonware (e.g. Impressions Software and Rockstar Games) either for customer good will or publicity purposes.

title: Talk:Free software/old article


text:
Muthulakshmi

Muthulakshmi was the wife of bandit Veerappan, who was killed by Special Task Force police in 2004. She lived in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. She was born in Neruppore village, Dharmapuri District to a farming family.

Wife of Veerappan
She married Veerappan in 1990, and lived with him in the forests of the border areas Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala. She was arrested several times on charges of aiding and abetting various crimes and murders carried out by Veerappan's gang. The police also charged that Veerappan gave Muthulakshmi a large amount of money after he reportedly received ransom money for his role in Kannada actor Rajkumar's kidnapping.

Arrests
Five charges were laid against Muthulakshmi, including: killing police personnel in the Palar blast, killing elephants, and smuggling sandalwood between 1991 and 1993. She was also arrested for kidnapping Rajkumar alongside Veerappan (he was released after 108 days). In spite of the efforts of the police, they were unable to apprehend Veerappan. Muthulakshmi was acquitted along with 10 others; however, 13 of her relatives were convicted. Muthulakshmi was acquitted of almost all charges registered against her.

Personal life
Muthulakshmi has two daughters, Vidyarani and Prabha Vijayalakshmi, who are studying engineering in Tamil Nadu.

After her acquittal announced she would be undertaking social service activities to help people and those who were affected by law enforcement agencies for helping Veerappan. She filed a case against filmmaker A.M.R. Ramesh for showing her slain husband poorly in his film, Attahasa and received compensation of ₹25 lakhs before the picture was released.

Politics
Muthulakshmi unsuccessfully ran for Tamil Nadu Assembly elections in 2006, and has political ambitions to make use of her husband's "Robin Hood" image to help people.

In January 2018, she announced the formation of 'Mann Kaakkum Veerathamizhar Peramaippu' (Federation of Brave Tamils to protect the Soil) to lobby the government for fresh water to assist agriculture and farmers.

title: Muthulakshmi


text:
User talk:Lucio Mas

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

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Image:Eipof.jpg listed for deletion
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Replaceable fair use Image:Dutchcatvision hhpm4.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Dutchcatvision hhpm4.jpg. I noticed the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created that provides substantially the same information. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:

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Replaceable fair use Image:Dutchcatvision hhpm3.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Dutchcatvision hhpm3.jpg. I noticed the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created that provides substantially the same information. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:

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If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified how these images fully satisfy our fair use criteria. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on [ this link]. Note that fair use images which could be replaced by free-licensed alternatives will be deleted 7 days after this notification, per our Fair Use policy. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. — Carl (CBM · talk) 22:45, 29 August 2007 (UTC)

A tag has been placed on William Jurgens requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article appears to be about a person, group of people, band, club, company, or web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not assert the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable.

If you think that you can assert the notability of the subject, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would confirm the subject's notability under Wikipedia guidelines.

For guidelines on specific types of articles, you may want to check out our criteria for biographies, for web sites, for bands, or for companies. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Esrever 04:10, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

AfD nomination of William Jurgens
An article that you have been involved in editing, William Jurgens, has been listed for deletion. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/. Thank you. Esrever 14:54, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Lucio Mas! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot notifying you on behalf of the the unreferenced biographies team that 1 of the articles that you created  is currently tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 02:51, 19 August 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) William Jurgens -

title: User talk:Lucio Mas


text:
User talk:0101TANGwl

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 15:11, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:0101TANGwl


text:
User talk:MikiWiki

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 15:11, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:MikiWiki