text:
Delbert Mann

Delbert Martin Mann Jr. (January 30, 1920 – November 11, 2007) was an American television and film director. He won the Academy Award for Best Director for the film Marty (1955), adapted from a 1953 teleplay of the same name which he had also directed. From 1967 to 1971, he was president of the Directors Guild of America. In 2002, he received the DGA's honorary life member award. Mann was credited to have "helped bring TV techniques to the film world."

Early life and education
Delbert Martin Mann Jr. was born on January 30, 1920, in Lawrence, Kansas, to Delbert Mann Sr. and Ora (Patton) Mann (died 1961). His father taught sociology at the University of Kansas from 1920 to 1926. In 1926, the Manns left Lawrence and moved to Pennsylvania and then Chicago before finally settling in Nashville in 1931. There, his father continued to teach sociology at the Scarritt College for Christian Workers. His mother was also a schoolteacher.

Mann was head of his high school drama club when he met Fred Coe, the future television producer and director, who was leading a church-sponsored acting society. Coe would later figure prominently in Mann's career as a director. Coe would also serve as Mann's mentor. Mann studied political science in Vanderbilt University. He graduated there in 1941 with a bachelor's degree on political science. During World War II, Mann served with the Army Air Corps as a B-24 bomber pilot and then as an intelligence officer with the 8th Air Force stationed in England. Mann also attended the Yale School of Drama, where he earned a master's fine arts degree in directing.

Television
Mann took a directing job at the Town Theatre, a community playhouse in Columbia, South Carolina. Mann was affiliated with the Town Theatre from 1947 to 1949, before moving to New York to work with Coe in television. In 1949, at Coe's invitation, Mann joined him in New York, where he became a stage manager and assistant director at NBC. Within months, he became an alternating director of the anthology series, The Philco Television Playhouse.

Between 1949 and 1955, Mann directed more than 100 live television dramas. But even after turning to films, he returned to television and directed productions for Playhouse 90, Ford Star Jubilee and other dramatic television anthology series. He also directed more than two dozen films for television from the late 1960s to the early 1990s, including Heidi (1968), David Copperfield (1969), Jane Eyre (1970) and All Quiet on the Western Front (1979).

Film
In addition to Marty (1955), other films directed by Mann include The Bachelor Party (1957), Desire Under the Elms (1958), Separate Tables (1958), Middle of the Night (1959), The Dark at the Top of the Stairs (1960), The Outsider (1961), That Touch of Mink (1962), A Gathering of Eagles (1963), Dear Heart (1964), Fitzwilly (1967), Kidnapped (1971) and Night Crossing (1982).

Personal life and death
Mann was married to Ann Caroline Gillespie from 1942 until her death by Alzheimer's disease in 2001. They had four children: Fred, David, Steven and Susan. Susan died in a car accident in 1976.

During the 1980s and 1990s, Mann served on the advisory board of the National Student Film Institute. He also served as honorary chairman of the institute for a one-year term.

On November 11, 2007, Mann died of pneumonia at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, at age 87.

Filmography

 * Marty (1955)
 * The Bachelor Party (1957)
 * Desire Under the Elms (1958)
 * Separate Tables (1958)
 * Middle of the Night (1959)
 * The Dark at the Top of the Stairs (1960)
 * Lover Come Back (1961)
 * The Outsider (1961)
 * That Touch of Mink (1962)
 * A Gathering of Eagles (1963)
 * Dear Heart (1964)
 * Quick, Before It Melts (1964)
 * Mister Buddwing (1966)
 * Fitzwilly (1967)
 * The Pink Jungle (1968)
 * Heidi (TV adaptation, 1968)
 * David Copperfield (1969)
 * Jane Eyre (TV adaptation, 1970)
 * Kidnapped (1971)
 * No Place to Run (1972 TV movie)
 * The Man Without a Country (TV adaptation, 1973)
 * Birch Interval (1976)
 * Breaking Up (1978)
 * All Quiet on the Western Front (TV adaptation, 1979)
 * Night Crossing (1982)
 * The Gift of Love: A Christmas Story (1983 TV movie)
 * Love Leads The Way (1984 Disney Channel original film)
 * The Last Days of Patton (1986 made-for-television movie)
 * Against Her Will: An Incident in Baltimore (1992 made-for-television movie)
 * Incident in a Small Town (1994 made-for-television movie)
 * Lily in Winter (1994 TV movie)

title: Delbert Mann


text:
Justin Winsor Prize (history)

The Justin Winsor Prize was awarded by the American Historical Association to encourage new authors to pursue the study of history in the Western Hemisphere at a time when the study of European history predominated. The award was established in 1896 and named for Justin Winsor (1831–1897), one of the founders and presidents of the American Historical Association and the long-time Librarian of Harvard University. The award was discontinued in 1938. The American Historical Association's Justin Winsor Prize is not to be confused with the present-day Justin Winsor Prize awarded annually by the Library History Round Table of the American Library Association for the best library history essay.

Award winners
Annual awards Biennial awards Reinstituted award
 * 1896 Herman Vandenburg Ames, The Proposed Amendments to the Constitution of the United States
 * 1897 No award
 * 1898 No award
 * 1899 No award
 * 1900 William A. Schaper, Sectionalism and Representation in South Carolina
 * 1901 Ulrich B. Phillips, (1877–1934) Georgia and State Rights
 * 1902 Charles McCarthy, (1873–1921) The Anti-Masonic Party
 * 1903 Louise Phelps Kellogg, (1862–1942) The American Colonial Charter; A Study of Its Relation to English Administration, Chiefly After 1688
 * 1904 William R. Manning, The Nootka Sound Controversy
 * 1905 No award
 * 1906 Annie Heloise Abel Henderson , (1860–1939)The History of Events Resulting in Indian Consolidation West of the Mississippi River
 * 1908 Clarence Edwin Carter, Great Britain and the Illinois Country, 1765–1774
 * 1910 Edward Raymond Turner, (1881–1929) The Negro in Pennsylvania; Slavery—Servitude—Freedom, 1639–1861
 * 1912 Arthur Charles Cole, (1886–1976)The Whig Party in the South
 * 1914 Mary Wilhelmine Williams, (1878–1944) Anglo-American Isthmian Diplomacy, 1815–1915
 * 1916 Richard J. Purcell, Connecticut in Transition, 1775–1818
 * 1918 Arthur M. Schlesinger, (1888–1965) The Colonial Merchants and the American Revolution, 1736–1776
 * 1920 Frank Lee Benns, (1889–1867) The American Struggle for the British West India Carrying Trade, 1815–1830
 * 1922 Lawrence Henry Gipson, (1880–1971) Jared Ingersoll: A Study of American Loyalism in Relation to British Colonial Government
 * 1924 Elizabeth B. White, History of Franco-American Diplomatic Relations
 * 1926 Lowell Joseph Ragatz, (1897–1978) The Fall of the Planter Class in the British Caribbean, 1763–1833
 * 1928 Fred Albert Shannon, (1893–1963) The Organization and Administration of the Union Army, 1861–1865, 2 vols
 * 1930 L.W. Labaree, Royal Government in America: A Study of the British Colonial System Before 1783
 * 1937 Carl Bridenbaugh, (1903–1992) Cities in the Wilderness: The First Century of Urban. Life in America, 1625–1742

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Justin Winsor Prize (history)


text:
Charles Thomas (baseball)

Charles Wesley Thomas  (born December 26, 1978) is an American former left fielder in Major League Baseball. Thomas played with the Atlanta Braves (2004), and Oakland Athletics (2005). He batted and threw left-handed.

Amateur career
Thomas played baseball and graduated from Asheville High School in Asheville, North Carolina. He would play collegiately at Western Carolina University. In 1999, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Orleans Cardinals of the Cape Cod Baseball League. He was selected by the Braves in the 19th round of the 2000 MLB Draft.

Professional career
He steadily improved while splitting time between two teams in 2003, hitting .324 in 47 games after being called up to Double-A Greenville. That season, he got a chance to play at Triple-A Richmond when Atlanta called up or released the outfielders ahead of him. Thomas took advantage of the opportunity. He went 31-for-79 (.379) in June, led the International League in hitting and on-base percentage, and was selected to the All-Star team.

Thomas started 2004 as the fourth outfielder for Richmond and made the big club in the mid-season. He posted a .288 batting average with seven home runs and 31 RBI in 83 games. He showed a great batting eye, speedy running, and outstanding defense.

At the 2004 Winter Meetings, the Braves traded Thomas and pitchers Juan Cruz and Dan Meyer to the Oakland Athletics for Tim Hudson.

In the 2005 season, he had a rough start and despite starting nearly every game went weeks without getting a hit. Eventually, Thomas was demoted to AAA, where he spent most of his remaining time in Oakland. On May 4, 2007, he was dealt to the Brewers in exchange for JD Closser. He played the rest of the 2007 season with Milwaukee's Triple-A club, the Nashville Sounds.

title: Charles Thomas (baseball)


text:
Talk:South Park Republican

The External links
I'm wondering, are the entries in the external links section actually the sources used for the article? If so, I'd like to reclassify them as such using the layout at Template:Reflist. Thanks! —Elipongo (Talk|contribs) 03:22, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I've put the External links tag on the article, those links need to be cleaned up. If they're references, please work them into the article as footnotes. Thanks! —Elipongo (Talk|contribs) 01:40, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

Messy and Needs Sources
The "Meaning of Term" and "Usage" sections neither cite any sources and both, especially the prior, are sloppy. Someone want to take a try at rewriting them? --Col.clawhammer 10:27, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

Bullhorn
I'd like to find the source with the quote from the creators about their "bullhorn to yell at America." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.126.197.51 (talk) 02:18, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Too much
Way too much of this information pertains more to the show then actual South Park republicans. While reading it I almost forgot that I wasn't on the show's page. The information needs some serious editing as a huge amount of the information is not relevent to the topic of the article. Glassbreaker5791 01:28, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

Google hits != notable
Just because you can google and get 'a lot' of web hits does NOT mean the subject meets Wikipedia notability guidelines. WP:NOTABLETheRedPenOfDoom 16:49, 7 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Exactly, they can't "prove" anything, but it can be used to "confirm roughly how popularly referenced an expression is". See WP:GOOGLE.  нмŵוτн τ  00:51, 14 November 2007 (UTC)

'Not fans of extremists'
I've removed this bit: "They are simply not fans of extremists, and enjoy 'roasting' those on each side." The article had already mentioned that they consider themselves to be in the middle ground. (Trey Parker is quoted in this interview as saying, "And we're both just pretty middle-ground guys.") But whether they actually are or not is a matter of opinion. I'm sure there are many who consider their views to be extreme, even if they don't think so themselves, so I think that saying they are not fans of extremists is rather misleading in that respect. -- Oliver P. (talk) 05:29, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

Maybe another title
Perhaps the title of this article could be changed to "Politics of South Park" or "Political Views of Matt Stone and Trey Parker". Gtbob12 (talk) 13:49, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
 * "Politics of South Park" is a very different topic than "South Park Republican" which was a short lived neologism that was applied to people (primarily Stone, Parker and perhaps 3 others in reliable sources) who maintain a certain political view. That is not to say that "Politics of South Park" should not be created (oh, it already has been), but it is a different article. I am not sure that "Political Views of Matt Stone and Trey Parker" is a notable topic outside of the label "South Park Republican" (and I am not even really a supporter that SPR is a notable topic). -- The Red Pen of Doom  14:26, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

What are those views portrayed
"...center-right political beliefs that are, in general, aligned with those portrayed in the popular animated television show South Park." What are those views portrayed? Niew (talk) 17:03, 23 June 2009 (UTC)

Favourite of the anarcho-left
In the U.K. South Park seems to be very much a favourite of the libertatian hard left, if anyone has come across a source for this fact I would very much to add it. It would be a good addition given Stone and Parkers disquiet with "South Park Republican" term. Pete the pitiless (talk) 18:10, 31 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Aren't Parker and Stone aligned to the Libertarian movement? 惑乱 Wakuran (talk) 21:48, 4 July 2010 (UTC)

Strange comments to make, as both are mentioned in the article and disproved with citations. Pollythewasp (talk) 12:06, 14 October 2010 (UTC)

Pushing Republican Views
Yes they certainly do. Is everyone forgetting what Kyle says at the end of the Bin Laden episode? "America may have its problems, but it's our home, and if you're not gonna root for your home team, you might as well get the hell out of the stadium." Paraphrased, this means that you're not allowed to disagree with what America's doing if you live in America. This is a very Republican thing to say. Parker and Stone are pushing this viewpoint on young people yet they deny they have a political agenda. Of course they do! Why would that line be written into the script if they had no political agenda? This quotation by Kyle is an important point and should be included in the article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Htahpoahf (talk • contribs) 19:43, 6 March 2010 (UTC)

Another thing, Bush has been shown a few times on the show. Normally when Bush appear in a popular cartoon, he is made fun of for his incredible stupidity. Bush has NEVER BEEN MADE FN OF ON SOUTH PARK. They rarely give him lines, and when he does speak, Parker and Stone do not make him say anything stupid. This is implicitly pushing a Republican viewpoint on the audience and makes them believe Bush really isn't all that bad when it is historical fact that he is hands-down the worst American president ever. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Htahpoahf (talk • contribs) 03:29, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

 * I find both of the above posters to be extremely biased, not actually contributing anything to this discussion. One could argue that the aforementioned quote from Kyle is not so much about loving war, but rather, loving one's country. As quickly as you mention the Bin Laden episode, you neglect "I'm a Little Bit Country...", whose message is one of harmony through opinionated discord: America, and its microcosm, South Park, are split between supporting and being against the war. The aforementioned quote can be seen as a reinforcement of "You don't have to love the war, but show some respect for the troops who are representing [y]our country overseas." Furthermore, Bush is not only a boring and easy target, but I direct you to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That%27s_My_Bush!, a show by both men lambasting the Bush Administration in the form of political satire.

 * I love how not lambasting Bush on South Park is a marker for implicitly pushing a Republican viewpoint anywhere. You realize implicit and pushing are opposites in their nature, since to push require explicitness (one has to be able to identify what's being pushed; if such a viewpoint is mentioned, that would be an explicit example of a viewpoint.) Also, what the American people of the modern day think of Bush is not historical fact. There have been a medley of presidents who have been deemed America's worst president (the correct answer is Andrew Johnson, by the way) and have been redeemed through historical analysis.

 * I could sit here and slander why the two of you are wrong, why you need to stay in school, and cue into a little less South Park and focus a bit more on your studies, but I won't. That wouldn't be fair. Instead, I ask you to re-watch the series and find as many "liberal" messages as you can.

 * South Park insults everyone equally. 14 years of watching this show, and spending my time talking and writing about it, constantly analyzing and reanalyzing has caused me to come to this conclusion. And to finish this off, I'm Canadian. So I have no reason to find and agree with anyone's American political side.

 * 'Cause I reaaaaally fucking hate Republicans. 74.12.7.20 (talk) 12:53, 15 April 2010 (UTC) Joe Caron

The episode entitled "ManBearPig" is rather open climate change denialism. Bisaknospus (talk) 12:32, 27 June 2018 (UTC)

Have they really distanced themselves from the GOP?
I added a citation needed tag because I don't think they have really distanced themselves. They satirized the GOP with the "use the Republicans" scene and of course NPR was all over that. Well that's neither here nor there my point is they make fun of everyone that's good humor and that line should be removed unless it is cited. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Burnedfaceless (talk • contribs) 20:39, 1 November 2013 (UTC)

Furthermore (stuff below) I don't think you can infer allegiance or non allegiance to a party. I think it's obvious they're kind of against that shit so I don't think any of that should be added.

Because nobody did shit I took the whole sentence out. I can explain why I did but don't put that shit back up there.just not now lazy Burnedfaceless (talk) 22:02, 4 November 2013 (UTC)

WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary
This article as it is now is little more than "here's a word, here's what it means, and here's its origin." Does something like that really deserve its own article? I doubt it. NotTheInferno (talk) 02:47, 9 February 2018 (UTC)

Explanation of edit
Removed WP:UNDUE claim by WP:GUNREL Daily Wire. Never take seriously the word of irreverent comedians. Doesn't seem to have been more than a joke. See also the earlier discussions at Talk:Matt Stone and Talk:Matt Stone and Talk:Trey Parker. Platonk (talk) 00:49, 30 September 2021 (UTC)

"Pro Abortion"
the article states "but more moderate or liberal in regard to social issues such as LGBT rights and abortion. " Isn't that a odd assumption since if we are talking about people whose views reflect or are influenced by those of the show since it has seemed to be fairly critical of abortion? 71.236.151.125 (talk) 09:15, 23 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:South Park Republican


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pure pwnage

Pure pwnage was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. 10 votes to delete, 1 vote to redirect. Postdlf 04:58, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Pure pwnage

 * Suspect item is not notable. -Fennec (はさばくのきつね) 01:53, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * It is part of gamer culture and is widely known in these circles. Also, there are 100+ bittorrent-downloads of the movies at any time...

 * Abstain. I'm not convinced either way, I'd like to hear more about why this is notable. RaD Man 02:21, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Advert for a series of non-notable homevideos. Vanity. leet fancruft. jni 07:43, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect to pwn, which has survived the wringer here. Smerdis of Tlön 14:31, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: Thoroughly non-notable game about gamers. There are many ephemeral parodies; they don't get independent articles. Geogre 15:12, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, do not redirect. Wile E. Heresiarch 18:44, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Not notable. Pwnage ... I mean Delete. - Mike Rosoft 22:00, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, no|\|-n0t@bl3. --Ianb 23:04, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * De1337. —No-One Jones (m) 23:05, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete --Demonslave 14:27, Oct 22, 2004 (UTC)
 * D Three letters for you. W, T and F.  Chris 01:12, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Destroy -Joseph (Talk) 02:57, 2004 Oct 25 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Justin Winsor Prize (library)

The Justin Winsor Prize is awarded by the Library History Round Table of the American Library Association for the year's best library history essay. The award was established in 1978 and named for the American Library Association's first president, Justin Winsor. Winsor (1831–1896) was a prominent writer, historian, and the long-time Librarian at Harvard University.

The Library History Round Table also sponsors the Eliza Atkins Gleason Book Award.

The Library History Round Table official peer-reviewed journal is Libraries: Culture, History, and Society.

LHRT News and Notes is the blog of the Library History Round Table.

The Library History Round Table publishes the  "Bibliography of Library History" database.

The Library History Round Table, was established in 1947. Historical articles appeared on the 50th anniversary in the journal, Libraries & Culture and the 75th in the journal, Libraries: Culture, History, and Society.

References

title: Justin Winsor Prize (library)


text:
Talk:Westwego, Louisiana

West we go?
The cry was "West We Go!" as the trains pulled out heading west. This is true. Maurice - Deputy City Clerk, City of Westwego. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.15.165.162 (talk) 19:21, 11 August 2012 (UTC)

I once went on a bus tour of New Orleans, where the driver said Westwego was named for the phrase "West we go!" Is this just a joke, or is it really the reason for the city's name? – [[User:Mxn|Minh Nguyễn (talk, blog) ]] 01:55, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I've heard that said often. It's plausible and often said; I don't know off hand if this is doccumented as being the reason for the town's name. Add to the look into list. -- Infrogmation 16:19, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Even in 1917 it was a major ferry landing for westward travelers. --SPUI (T - C - RFC) 17:07, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

I've read on the net that, in the old days, westward travellers would say "west we go!" to celebrate the crossing of the Mississippi River at Westwego. Ash ARW1952 (talk) 17:03, 10 August 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Westwego, Louisiana


text:
Harbord Collegiate Institute

Harbord Collegiate Institute (HCI or Harbord) is a public secondary school located in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The school is located in the Palmerston-Little Italy-Annex neighbourhood, situated on the north side of Harbord Street, between Euclid Avenue and Manning Avenue. From the 1920s to the 1950s, about 90 percent of the student body was Jewish, while today the student body largely consists of students of East Asian and Portuguese descent.

History
Harbord was opened in 1892 as the Harbord Street Collegiate Institute. Harbord's first centennial was celebrated in 1992 and included the inauguration of the Harbord museum, a repository of Harbord memorabilia. To mark the event, Harbord's alumni group, the Harbord Club, published a 300-page history of the school entitled The Happy Ghosts of Harbord, which traces the history of the school from its opening in 1892 to 1992. The original school building was Jacobethan Revival and replaced with the Collegiate Gothic wing in 1932.

On November 11, 2005, a Remembrance Day ceremony took place at Harbord. With the donations from the W. Garfield Weston Foundation and many other corporate sponsors and individuals, the rededication of the 1921 World War I monument back to its original splendour was held. In May 2007, a second monument created to remember World War II was revealed in another ceremony.

Harbord Club
The Harbord Club has 2600 members. It was established in 1978. The Harbordite, founded in 1979, is the club newsletter that keeps former students of the school in contact with one another and up-to-date on Harbord activities. The Harbord Charitable Foundation was also created at this time, supporting both student scholarships and alumni activities.

Notable alumni

 * Zanana Akande - Ontario NDP MPP and first Black woman Cabinet minister in Canada
 * Charles Best - co-discoverer of insulin
 * Kathleen Coburn - scholar of the works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge
 * David Cronenberg - filmmaker
 * Jack Cole - founder of Coles (bookstore)
 * Charles Trick Currelly - founder and first curator of the Royal Ontario Museum
 * Victor Feldbrill - founder Conductor of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra
 * Helen Freedhoff - theoretical physicist
 * Murray Frum, real estate developer and philanthropist
 * Frank Gehry - architect and designer
 * Adam Giambrone - former Toronto city councillor and TTC chair
 * Philip Givens - former Toronto Mayor
 * Eddie Goodman - former Lawyer and politician
 * Paul James, award-winning Canadian blues and roots musician; stage name of Paul James Vigna.
 * Irving Kaplansky - mathematician
 * Max Kerman - Juno Award-winning Lead Singer of Arkells
 * Katerina Lanfranco - artist
 * Stephen Lewis - former leader of the Ontario NDP, former UN Ambassador, UN Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa
 * Howie Mandel - actor
 * Joe Pantalone - former Toronto city councillor
 * Reva Potashin - psychology professor
 * Louis Rasminsky - former Governor of the Bank of Canada
 * Harry Rosen — clothier
 * Lee Ross - social psychologist
 * Morley Safer - CBS News Anchor
 * Anna Sandor - screenwriter
 * Sam Shopsowitz - founder of Shopsy's restaurant
 * Sam Sniderman - founder of Sam the Record Man
 * Steven Staryk - violinist
 * Gordon Stulberg - President of 20th Century Fox
 * Kiefer Sutherland - actor
 * Johnny Wayne and Frank Shuster (Wayne and Shuster) - comedians
 * Philip White - former Mayor of York, Ontario

Demographics
From the 1920s to the 1950s, about 90% of the student body was Jewish. Today, the student body largely consists of students of Korean and Portuguese descent, which is representative of the surrounding neighbourhoods. Many of the clubs at Harbord are reflective of the ethnic groups present. The Harbord language program offers courses in Spanish, French, Portuguese and German.

Harbord has three French programs: Immersion, Extended and Core French. These classes offer students an opportunity to become bilingual in Canada's official languages. Harbord also has a full ESL (English as a Second Language) program which helps students new to Canada to learn English.

Clubs
The Student Activity Council, or SAC, is one of the largest student-run organisation at Harbord Collegiate Institute. TigerTalk is Harbord's official newspaper. It covers topics related to the school as well as a variety of other topics. It has won awards from the Toronto Star's high school newspaper competition.

The Key Club is an international student-led organisation which aims to provide its members with opportunities to provide service, build character and develop leadership."

The Business Club gather at lunch and/or after school to learn about business topics. They participate in business competitions including DECA and JA Titan. The "Tiger Techs" are Harbord's robotics team. They participate as team 919 in the FIRST Robotics Competition.

Sports offered at Harbord are:

Visual Arts
Harbord offers a visual arts program for each grade exposing students to materials, concepts and skills. Studios offer lessons in drawing, painting, ceramics, printmaking, photography, animation, design, and life drawing. Studies in design allow students to partake in fashion design (an annual fashion show), architectural design and interior design as well as text and graphic design. Art history is woven into the assignments as is theory in aesthetics. Student work can be viewed at the Creative Arts Festival held every year.

Band
The band program goes from the Grade 9 Beginner Band to the Grade 12 Senior Band. Instruments in the band include flute, clarinet, saxophone, French horn, trombone, tuba, bass guitar, keyboard, drums, baritone and trumpet. The band performs at assemblies and concerts.

Vocal
The classes range from Grade 9 Beginner Vocal to Senior Vocal. There is a Cantemus Choir at Harbord that sings for events inside and outside of Harbord. The choir has participated in the Kiwanis Festival.

Strings
The classes include the Grade 9 Beginner Strings, the Junior Strings and the Senior Strings. Instruments available for strings at Harbord include: violin, viola, cello and bass. Harbord's String Quartet won First Prize at last year's Kiwanis Festival. The Chamber Orchestra has performed at other venues such as Massey Hall, and George Weston Hall. The Strings Chamber Orchestra plays at school events.

"Onward Harbord"
"Onward Harbord" is Harbord's official song, and is sung along with the school band playing at the same time. It is sung to the tune of the fight song "On, Wisconsin!"; Harbord is one of some 2,500 schools using some variation of this piece as their school song.

title: Harbord Collegiate Institute


text:
Jon Gruden

Jon David Gruden (born August 17, 1963) is an American professional football coach who is an advisor for the Milano Seamen of the European League of Football. He held his first head coaching position with the Raiders franchise during their Oakland tenure from 1998 to 2001, where he won two consecutive division titles and made an AFC Championship Game appearance. Gruden was traded to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2002, which he led to their first Super Bowl title in Super Bowl XXXVII the same season. At age 39, he was the then-youngest head coach to win the Super Bowl. He served as Tampa Bay's head coach through 2008, setting the franchise record for wins, but made only two further playoff runs. After his firing from the Buccaneers, Gruden was featured as an analyst for ESPN's Monday Night Football broadcasts from the 2009 to the 2017 seasons.

In 2018, Gruden returned to the Raiders as their head coach. He led the team until his resignation during the 2021 season after it was publicly revealed that he wrote and sent many racist, misogynistic, and homophobic emails between 2011 and 2018. In response, Tampa Bay removed Gruden from the Buccaneers Ring of Honor. In 2023, he was brought in by the Saints for a work-out for their offensive coaching.

Early life
Gruden was born on August 17, 1963, in Sandusky, Ohio into a family of Slovene descent. His father, Jim, later served as a professional football regional scout, quarterbacks coach, and director of player personnel for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Gruden's younger brother, Jay, played and coached in the Arena Football League for the Tampa Bay Storm and Orlando Predators, and was most recently the head coach of the Washington Redskins. His other brother, James, is a radiologist at UNC School of Medicine.

Gruden was raised Catholic and was a Cleveland Browns fan growing up. At the age of 15, he attended Clay High School in South Bend, Indiana, home to the University of Notre Dame, where his father served as an assistant to head coach Dan Devine. After graduating in 1982, Gruden attended Muskingum College in New Concord, Ohio. A year later, he transferred to the University of Dayton. At Dayton, Gruden was a three-year letterman and backup quarterback for the Flyers under coach Mike Kelly. Gruden never saw much playing time, but the Flyers posted a 24–7 record during his three seasons at the University of Dayton. He graduated with a degree in communications in 1986.

College coaching
After graduating from the University of Dayton, Gruden was hired as a graduate assistant coach at the University of Tennessee during the 1985–86 season. After his time with the Volunteers, Gruden spent two years after that as the quarterbacks coach at Southeast Missouri State. He then moved to the University of the Pacific in 1989 as offensive assistant as the tight ends coach. Walt Harris was the offensive coordinator at Tennessee, where Gruden was one of his graduate assistant coaches, and later hired him at Pacific. In 1990, Gruden was a special assistant with the San Francisco 49ers under quarterbacks coach Mike Holmgren. In March 1991, Gruden became the wide receivers coach for the University of Pittsburgh under head coach Paul Hackett.

Professional coaching
In January 1992, at the age of 28, Gruden was hired by Mike Holmgren, his former boss at the San Francisco 49ers, to be the special offensive assistant/wide receivers coach with the Green Bay Packers. After three seasons in Green Bay, Gruden became the offensive coordinator of the Philadelphia Eagles under former Packers assistant coach Ray Rhodes. Gruden was chosen by the owner and general manager of the Oakland Raiders, Al Davis, to be the Raiders' new head coach for the 1998 season.

Oakland Raiders
Under Gruden, the Raiders posted consecutive 8–8 seasons in 1998 and 1999, and leapt out of last place in the AFC West. After uniting with journeyman quarterback Rich Gannon, Gruden led the Raiders to the top of the AFC West and they made the playoffs in 2000 and 2001. Oakland finished 12–4 in the 2000 season, the team's most successful season in a decade, and its first division title since 1990, ultimately reaching the AFC Championship, where they lost, 16–3, to the eventual Super Bowl champions Baltimore Ravens. In 2001, the Raiders would return to the postseason with a 10–6 record, but in the AFC Divisional Round a negated fumble proved costly as they were defeated, 16–13, in overtime by the eventual Super Bowl champions New England Patriots. While Gruden was with the Raiders, Gruden acquired his nickname "Chucky" from Raiders defensive lineman Grady Jackson, who thought that the coach looked like the fictional character "Chucky" in the 1988 slasher movie Child's Play.

Tampa Bay Buccaneers

After compiling a 40–28 win–loss record (including playoffs) in four seasons with the Raiders, Gruden replaced the fired Tony Dungy as head coach of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2002, via a high-stakes trade that included Tampa Bay's 2002 and 2003 first-round draft picks, 2002 and 2004 second-round draft picks, and $8 million in cash. The trade took place for a number of reasons, including Davis's desire for a more vertical passing attack rather than Gruden's horizontal pass attack, the fact that Gruden's contract would expire a year after the trade, and Davis's uncertainty over whether Gruden was worth as much money as his next contract was sure to pay him. Gruden signed a five-year contract with the Buccaneers worth $17.5 million.

The Buccaneers' search for a head coach had taken more than two months, and Tampa Bay had expressed an interest in Gruden, but Davis had originally refused to release him from his contract. The team subsequently interviewed several other coaches and believed a deal was in place with Bill Parcells, before Parcells backed out, reportedly because his choice for General Manager, Mike Tannenbaum, told him not to accept the job because of the salary cap difficulties that Tampa Bay was about to endure. With the franchise's search floundering, the fact that the coach who the Buccaneers wanted had only one year remaining on his deal, and the immediate hire of Dungy by the Indianapolis Colts, many fans and sports commentators began to openly question if the Buccaneers had made the right move by dismissing Dungy. Only a big splash hire could quiet the storm, and this may have been the primary motivation for the Buccaneers to give up as much as they did to acquire Gruden.

Immediately after arriving in Tampa Bay, Gruden significantly retooled the offense with the addition of numerous free agents. His determination to fix the under-performing offense, so often maligned during Dungy's tenure, inspired Tampa's defense to another #1 ranking, which helped the team to a 12–4 season. Both the offense and defense hit their stride in the playoffs; the Buccaneers posted a playoff per-game point differential of 23 points per game in victory, tied with the 1992 Dallas Cowboys for the highest average playoff margin of victory by a Super Bowl winner in the free agency era. Fans were especially satisfied with a victory in the NFC Championship against the Philadelphia Eagles, the team that had defeated Tampa Bay in the wild-card round two years running by the combined score of 52–12, and Gruden was especially satisfied with a dominant win over his old team, the Raiders, in Super Bowl XXXVII. Despite the Super Bowl win, there were many who attributed Gruden's win primarily to the defense that coach Tony Dungy and defensive coordinator Monte Kiffin had created during Dungy's tenure with the Buccaneers. Gruden, for his part, publicly and graciously thanked Dungy for his contributions upon accepting the Lombardi Trophy at the Super Bowl XXXVII postgame ceremony.

The victory made Gruden the youngest head coach to win the Super Bowl at age 39. This record would first be surpassed in Super Bowl XLIII by Mike Tomlin, who previously served under Gruden as the Buccaneers' defensive backs coach, and then by Sean McVay in Super Bowl LVI.

Gruden's mantra for the 2002 season was "Pound the Rock", a reference to commitment to the running game. Upon returning to Tampa after winning Super Bowl XXXVII, he led a capacity crowd at Raymond James Stadium in chanting the phrase. However, it seemingly disappeared from the lexicon the following year, and was not aggressively marketed or displayed on stadium video boards.

Unable to afford replacements, the following season saw the team decimated by injuries to many of the Super Bowl stars, including Joe Jurevicius, Greg Spires, Shelton Quarles, and Brian Kelly, as well as acrimony with highly paid veterans such as Sapp and wide receivers Keyshawn Johnson and Keenan McCardell. The Buccaneers finished 7–9 in 2003 and 5–11 in 2004 to become the first team to have consecutive losing seasons after winning the Super Bowl. A particular low point during this period occurred in a Monday Night Football home matchup against the Indianapolis Colts, led by Gruden's predecessor Dungy. The Buccaneers dominated much of the game, allowing them to take a 35–14 lead near the end of the fourth quarter, but were overcome by a Colts rally that resulted in them losing 38–35.

When former Raiders general manager Bruce Allen joined the Buccaneers in 2004, Gruden finally had the general manager–head coach partnership he desired, and while the salary cap continued to plague the team (which spent the least money in the league between 2004 and 2009) their 2004 and 2005 drafts yielded a few impact players, including 2005 Offensive NFL Rookie of the Year Award winner Carnell "Cadillac" Williams.

Also, 2005 marked a return to the playoffs, as the Buccaneers posted a surprising 11–5 record, despite the loss of starting quarterback Brian Griese and some controversial coaching decisions, including a two-point conversion in the final seconds to defeat the Washington Redskins, who would later return to Tampa Bay and eliminate the Buccaneers from the Wild Card Round of the playoffs.

In 2006, Gruden led the Buccaneers to a dismal 4–12 season, which was his worst record as a head coach. That season marked the first time a Tampa Bay team had not won more than four games since 1991.

In an interview with Ira Kaufman of The Tampa Tribune on March 28, 2007, Buccaneers executive vice president Joel Glazer discussed the state of the Buccaneers. During the interview, Glazer defended Gruden's performance, citing lost draft picks, injuries, and salary cap issues. However, he also said "Mediocrity will never be standard for the Buccaneers, but we have to move on."

In 2007, the team finally cleared itself of salary cap constraints and united Gruden with a mobile West Coast quarterback in former Pro Bowler and Grey Cup winner Jeff Garcia. The Buccaneers returned to the playoffs in 2007 with a 9–7 record, including five divisional wins (after resting starters for the final two games) and despite suffering major injuries, several season-ending, to critical players like Luke Petitgout, Carnell Williams, Mike Alstott, Alex Smith, Brian Kelly, Barrett Ruud, Michael Clayton, Patrick Chukwurah, Gaines Adams, and starting kick and punt returner Mark Jones. Despite this adversity, however, Gruden declared "The future is so bright around here I have to wear shades". The Buccaneers saw their season end in the Wild Card Round to the eventual Super Bowl XLII champion New York Giants.

In 2008, Gruden was rewarded with a contract extension through the 2011 season. Going into December, the Buccaneers were on pace to make the playoffs, claim a bye week and have home field advantage. However, the Buccaneers went winless in the month of December, in no small part due to a defensive collapse that saw the team give up an average of 30.75 points per game. On December 28, the Buccaneers were eliminated from making the playoffs by the Oakland Raiders, the team Gruden left for Tampa Bay. The Buccaneers ended the season with four losses in a row, and Gruden was fired by the Buccaneers on January 16, 2009, after seven seasons with the team.

Post–Tampa Bay career
In May 2010, Gruden became a volunteer assistant offensive line coach at Carrollwood Day School in Tampa, Florida. Shortly after being fired from Tampa Bay, Gruden created the Fired Football Coaches Association (FFCA). The organization (a "football think-tank") had its headquarters in a rented office in a Tampa strip mall. The FFCA was known to have a large amount of game and player film collected by Gruden as well as playbooks and Gruden was known to have game plans of his own that he kept updated over the years he was not actively coaching. Many coaches such as Chip Kelly, Urban Meyer, Jim Haslett, Rick Venturi, Sean McVay, Greg Schiano and Monte Kiffin and many players came to the facility to watch film and talk with Gruden. Gruden closed the FFCA upon his returning to coaching in 2018 moving the game and player film along with the other information he held there to Oakland.

Oakland / Las Vegas Raiders (second stint)
After nine years away from coaching in the NFL, the Raiders announced the return of Gruden as head coach on January 6, 2018. He signed a 10-year, $100 million contract, one of the biggest contracts in the history of the league which also includes a no-trade clause, closing the loophole that saw the Raiders trade him to the Buccaneers in return for draft picks and cash. Gruden came back to coaching after six years of attempts by Raiders owner Mark Davis to lure him back to be the Raiders head coach. Gruden said that he came back due to his need to go compete: "I got tired of sitting in a dark room, watching tape by myself." He added: "I took rumba-dancing classes; that didn't last—I wasn't any good. Bought a boat; I never used it. Live on a golf course; I never play. I'd go to the FFCA early, and next thing I know it's 10:30 at night. I'm thinking, ''Shit. I'm wasting my time. I got to go compete." '' Some of Gruden's first few moves included signing several veterans, drafting Kolton Miller in the first round of the 2018 draft and trading away Khalil Mack for 2019 and 2020 first-round draft picks, and later trading Amari Cooper for the Dallas Cowboys' first-round draft pick. The team would go 4–12 in his first year back with the team.

In 2019, due to a strong rookie class showing, Gruden led the Raiders to a 6–4 record to start the season. However, after many crucial players suffering injuries, the Raiders would end their last season in Oakland 1–5 and 7–9 overall.

Gruden was fined $100,000 by the NFL for not properly wearing a face mask, as required for coaches during the COVID-19 pandemic, during a Week 2 game in the 2020 NFL season on September 22, 2020. He was fined an additional $150,000 for further COVID-19 protocol violations on November 5, 2020. Gruden led the Raiders to an 8–8 record in the 2020 season. The Raiders finished second in the AFC West with an 8-8 record and missed the playoffs.

The Raiders began the 2021 season with a 3–0 record, including two overtime wins. The Raiders lost the following two games. Under their interim coach Rich Bisaccia, the Raiders made the playoffs, something they had not done under Gruden during his second stint with the team.

Email controversy and resignation
In October 2021, a league investigation into the Washington Football Team for workplace misconduct uncovered emails Gruden sent from 2011 to 2018 to then Washington general manager Bruce Allen where Gruden used racist, misogynistic, and homophobic slurs. The emails referred to NFL commissioner Roger Goodell as a "faggot", and a "clueless anti football pussy". Gruden also said Goodell should not have pressured the Rams to draft "queers", referring to Michael Sam, the first openly gay player drafted in NFL history. Jeff Fisher, who was the coach of the Rams at the time, denied that he was pressured and stated he drafted Sam entirely based on his football skills. Gruden stated that players who protest the national anthem should be "fired", specifically referring to former 49ers safety Eric Reid. Gruden used a racist stereotype to describe NFLPA executive director DeMaurice Smith, saying "Dumboriss Smith has lips the size of michellin [sic] tires". Gruden also criticized Barack Obama during his 2012 re-election campaign and called then–Vice President Joe Biden a "nervous clueless pussy". Gruden also joked to Allen that he should tell Bryan Glazer, co-owner of the Buccaneers, to perform oral sex on Gruden, and mocked Caitlyn Jenner for receiving an ESPN award following her gender transition. Gruden, Allen and others were sent emails from unknown members of the Washington Football Team staff that contained photos of topless women, including two Washington Football Team cheerleaders. Gruden resigned on October 11, 2021, after details of the emails were released by The New York Times. Gruden announced his intentions to sue the NFL and Roger Goodell for exposing his scandals. A Nevada judge threw out a bid from the NFL to dismiss the case on May 25, 2022.

Gruden was removed from the Buccaneers Ring of Honor, where he had been inducted in 2017, as a result of the content of the emails.

Coaching consultant role
Gruden was invited by New Orleans Saints head coach Dennis Allen to attend offseason meetings in May 2023 to help the offensive coaching staff adjust to new Saints quarterback Derek Carr, but did not join as a full-time member of the staff, himself. Gruden was spotted with the Saints training camp in August 2023 and is expected to continue his advisory role.

Broadcasting career
In May 2009, Gruden was hired by ESPN to serve as a color analyst on its Monday Night Football telecasts, replacing Tony Kornheiser. He also served as an analyst for ESPN's coverage of the NFL draft and postseason college football games, helping to call the 2010 Rose Bowl and 2010 BCS National Championship Game on ESPN Radio and the 2011 Outback Bowl and 2011 Orange Bowl on ESPN. In the spring of 2012, Gruden became the focus of the series Jon Gruden's QB Camp, where he went over the NFL development process with prospective NFL draftees at quarterback, including Andrew Luck and Robert Griffin III. During the Monday Night Football broadcast, Gruden gave out a weekly award called the "Gruden Grinder" to the best player in the game that week.

Gruden signed a contract extension with ESPN, beginning in September 2012, that lengthened his tenure with the broadcasting company for another five years. On December 15, 2014, Gruden and ESPN agreed to a contract extension through 2021 but allowed an out in the event he wanted to return to coaching. The deal made Gruden the highest paid personality at ESPN. After deciding to return to the coaching ranks with the Raiders for the 2018 NFL season, his last game for ESPN was the 2017 AFC Wild Card Round between the Tennessee Titans and the Kansas City Chiefs, which the Titans narrowly won 22–21.

Coaching tree
NFL head coaches under whom Gruden has served:

Assistant coaches under Gruden who have become NFL or NCAA head coaches:

Players under Gruden who became head coaches in the NFL or NCAA:

Executives/players under Gruden who became general managers in the NFL:

Personal life
Gruden met his wife in 1985, while he was working as a graduate assistant and she was a student at the University of Tennessee. They were married in 1991 and have three sons. One of Gruden's sons, Jon II (aka Deuce), is the assistant strength and conditioning coach for the Raiders and a competitive powerlifter who won gold at the 2017 IPF World Classic Powerlifting Championships in the junior 83kg weight class.

title: Jon Gruden


text: User talk:68.230.187.54

title: User talk:68.230.187.54


text:
St. Louis Steamers (1998–2006)

The St. Louis Steamers was the name of a professional indoor soccer team based in St. Louis, Missouri. It was the second team to use this name. The first played in the Major Indoor Soccer League from 1979–1988, while this version played in the World Indoor Soccer League from 2000 to 2001, then in the MISL from the 2003–04 season to the 2005–06 season.

The St. Louis Steamers were granted a World Indoor Soccer League expansion franchise in December 1998 but did not begin to play until the 2000 season. In 2002, the team, along with fellow WISL teams Dallas Sidekicks and San Diego Sockers joined the Major Indoor Soccer League when the two leagues merged. However, the Steamers elected to take a year off to reorganize.

The team was purchased before the 2004–05 season by owners planning a reality television series about the team, which was called Red Card and played on KPLR channel 11. The team suspended operations after the 2005–2006 season.

Honors
Division titles
 * 2005–2006 MISL Regular Season

Head coaches

 * Daryl Doran 2000–2001 & 2003–2005
 * Omid Namazi 2005–2006
 * Joe Reiniger 2005–2006 (served as head coach during a Namazi suspension)

Notable players

 * Joe Reiniger
 * Randy Soderman
 * Lindsay Kennedy

Owners

 * Michael Hetelson, (CEO/Managing Partner) (2004-2006)
 * Wally Smerconish (2004-2006)

Arenas

 * Family Arena 2000–2001 & 2003–2004
 * Scottrade Center 2004–2006

title: St. Louis Steamers (1998–2006)


text: User talk:67.51.170.13

title: User talk:67.51.170.13


text: User talk:68.161.62.205

title: User talk:68.161.62.205


text:
Stone (band)

Stone is a Finnish thrash metal band formed in Kerava in 1985. They released four albums and one live album during the late 1980s and early 1990s, before disbanding in 1992 to pursue different musical directions. Stone reunited to play a final set of concerts in 2000, but parted ways again soon afterwards. In 2008, Stone made five "reunion"/comeback appearances. They reunited again in March 2013 for select shows in order to promote their new box set. The band has remained active since then,        and they have new material in the works.

Despite their rather short career, Stone's legacy has provided inspiration for many of the countless metal bands who emerged during the popularity explosion of the genre during the 1990s. The band's history and influence on the Finnish metal scene was detailed in the book Stone, published in January 2018.

Children of Bodom lead guitarist Alexi Laiho credits former Stone member Roope Latvala as a major influence on his playing. Latvala himself would later join Children of Bodom as a session player, and eventually as a permanent member, after the departure of Alexander Kuoppala, and also played alongside Laiho in the now defunct Sinergy.

Members
Current members Former members
 * Janne Joutsenniemi – bass, vocals (1985–present)
 * Roope Latvala – lead and rhythm guitar (1985–present)
 * Pekka Kasari – drums (1985–present)
 * Markku Niiranen – lead and rhythm guitar (1990–present)
 * Jiri Jalkanen – lead and rhythm guitar (1985–1990)

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * 1988: Stone
 * 1989: No Anaesthesia!
 * 1990: Colours
 * 1991: Emotional Playground

 * Live albums
 * 1992: Free

 * Compilation albums
 * 1998: Stoneage
 * 2008: Stoneage 2.0
 * 2013: Complete
 * 2018: Light Entertainment – Complete Early Works

 * DVD
 * 2007: Get Stoned, Stay Stoned (DVD)

title: Stone (band)


text: User talk:69.167.19.104

title: User talk:69.167.19.104


text:
User talk:Splorp

Splorp is the online non de plume of Grant Hutchinson.

More information can be found on his personal site.

http://www.splorp.com/

title: User talk:Splorp


text: User talk:68.17.190.211

title: User talk:68.17.190.211


text: User talk:66.26.191.18

title: User talk:66.26.191.18


text:
Mathew St. Patrick

Mathew St. Patrick (born March 17, 1969) is an American actor best known for his portrayal of Keith Charles on the HBO drama series Six Feet Under (2001−05). Previously, Patrick appeared as Marcus Taggert in General Hospital (1997) and Adrian Sword in All My Children (1998−2000), both soap operas. St. Patrick also had a leading role as Detective Kenneth Marjorino in short-lived series Reunion (2005−06). His film roles include War (2007) and Alien Raiders (2008).

Early life
St. Patrick was born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the son of Curtis St. Patrick, a hot dog vendor, and Brenda (née Queen), who taught grade school. He was on the varsity track team of Olney High School, but graduated in 1986 from Scotland School for Veterans' Children in Scotland, Pennsylvania, the last remaining school for children of military veterans in the United States.

After graduating from high school, he lived in New York and then for eight years in the Chicago, Illinois area ( Carol Stream, Illinois) where he worked a wide variety of jobs: delivery salesman for Coca-Cola in St. Charles, Illinois, at UPS, a furniture store delivery driver ( Zierks Furnishings ) in St. Charles, Illinois, driving an 18-wheeled flatbed truck for Quikrete of Chicago, and for the Union Pacific Railroad loading & unloading new cars & trucks at West Chicago Yard.

Acting career
In 1994, St. Patrick moved to Los Angeles, California to begin his acting career. In Los Angeles, he first worked as a personal trainer then in 1996 joined the West Coast Theater Ensemble. After acting in his first stage production, Full Court Press, an agent noticed him and cast St. Patrick in the latter's film debut, Steel Sharks (1997), playing a Navy serviceman.

St. Patrick was cast as Detective Marcus Taggert on soap opera General Hospital in 1997, replacing Réal Andrews in the role. However, his time in the role was brief, and Andrews returned as Marcus in 1998. St. Patrick was not satisfied with Marcus' character, describing him as "one-dimensional." He joined another soap opera, All My Children, as police lieutenant Adrian Sword, appearing in the series until 2000. For his performance as Adrian, St. Patrick received two NAACP Image Award nominations for Outstanding Actor in a Daytime Drama Series, in 1999 and 2000.

He made guest appearances on Beverly Hills, 90210, Diagnosis: Murder, NYPD Blue and Crossing Jordan. St. Patrick landed the role of Keith Charles in the HBO series Six Feet Under in 2001, portraying a gay black man in an interracial relationship with David Fisher (Michael C. Hall). Alongside his Six Feet Under cast members, St. Patrick was nominated five consecutive times for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series (2001−05), winning the award in 2002 and 2003. St. Patrick continued playing Keith until the series ended in 2005.

St. Patrick starred as Detective Marjorino in the Fox drama series Reunion, which ran from 2005 to 2006. Additionally, he played an FBI agent in the film War (2007) and Seth in the science fiction horror film Alien Raiders (2008). St. Patrick voiced an EMT in the "Mr. Mathers" skit featured on Eminem's album Relapse (2009). He was the first voice of Skulker on Danny Phantom (2004) and did voice work in preschool series Higglytown Heroes (2005−06).

Following the end of Six Feet Under, most of St. Patrick's roles on television have been minor characters. He appeared in the pilot of the TV series NCIS: Los Angeles (2013) and guest starred on Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (2006), Private Practice (2009) and Hawaii Five-0 (2017). St. Patrick had a recurring role during the final season of the award-winning FX drama Sons of Anarchy (2014), as Moses Cartwright.

Personal life
St. Patrick has a son and reads the bible regularly.

title: Mathew St. Patrick


text:
Reptile (Mortal Kombat)

Reptile is a character in the Mortal Kombat fighting game franchise by Midway Games and NetherRealm Studios. He debuted in the original 1992 game as a hidden opponent, establishing him as the first secret character in fighting game history. Reptile became playable in the follow-up Mortal Kombat II (1993) and has remained a mainstay of the franchise. As implied by his name, he is a Saurian, a fictional species of reptilian humanoids. One of the last surviving members of his race, he aligns himself with the series' primary villains in the hope his service will lead to the Saurians' revival.

Outside of the games, Reptile has appeared in various related media. Reception to the character has been positive, with praise for his evolution from a hidden character to one of the franchise's most iconic fighters.

Conception and history
Reptile's character concept was conceived by Mortal Kombat co-creator and lead programmer Ed Boon after the original 1992 game was released into arcades. Noting the success of the palette swap method used for the sprites of the game's ninja characters Scorpion and Sub-Zero, he and series character designer John Tobias collaborated on including a "super secret hidden feature" in the game who would be a "cooler version of Scorpion". Reptile was completed in a single evening, and inserted into the third revision of the game in August 1992, the same month the game was first released. Reptile was not selectable nor playable as his inclusion was originally intended as a marketing tool for the game due to the extreme conditions required for players to encounter him, with the developers in turn hoping word of mouth would spread rumors of the character's existence. Boon noted in a 1995 interview that the positive response to the character led to Reptile's inclusion in subsequent series installments as a playable fighter.

Design and gameplay
Reptile appeared in the three digitized Mortal Kombat fighting games as a palette swap of the two male ninja characters, with his green armor representing a combination of Scorpion and Sub-Zero's yellow and blue, respectively. He retained this design upon his playable debut in Mortal Kombat II (1993), with his true reptilian nature first revealed whenever his face mask was pulled down for his acid spit attack, or removed entirely for his tongue-grab Fatality and his arcade ending. He and the other ninja characters were omitted from Mortal Kombat 3 (1995) but included in the upgrade Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3. For the three-dimensional release Mortal Kombat 4 (1997), he was given a unique design for the first time with minimal body armor, his face fully exposed, and more of his true reptilian identity revealed, while he speaks in a sibilant tone in his arcade ending. With the palette-swap characters receiving distinct makeovers for the series' three-dimensional fighting games, Reptile was given a full reptilian design in Mortal Kombat: Deadly Alliance (2002) that included a long tail while he wore minimal gold and black armor, a design that was maintained for his nonplayable appearance in the 2005 beat 'em up title Mortal Kombat: Shaolin Monks with the exception of black straps wrapped around his head that left his eyes and mouth exposed. Reptile did not appear in Mortal Kombat: Deception (2004), but returned with the then-entire series roster in the 2006 compilation title Mortal Kombat: Armageddon.

As a secret non-playable character in the first Mortal Kombat, Reptile used Sub-Zero's freezing projectile and Scorpion's spear, and fought with increased speed. When made a playable character starting with MKII, he received his own moves such as an acid-spit projectile attack and a slow-moving energy ball that sends opponents airborne and leaves them open for a free hit, in addition to the ability to turn invisible and remain so until hit. Later titles in the series modify these moves, such as splitting the Forceball attack into slow and fast variants, or remove moves in favor of different attacks, only to return them in the next installment.

Reptile's Fatalities in MKII consist of revealing his reptilian face and using his long tongue to devour the opponent's head, or turning invisible and severing their torso. Later finishing moves expand upon the concept, ranging from regurgitating acid upon the defeated opponent to leaping upon their body and gnawing the flesh from their skulls. In a 2006 series retrospective, the Mortal Kombat development team named Reptile's finishers as some of their favorites from the series.

Video games
In the original Mortal Kombat, Reptile is a mysterious hidden enemy character, unplayable and with no biography. Hints regarding the conditions of how to unlock the fight against him are conveyed by Reptile randomly appearing prior to other matches, such as "Blocking will get you nowhere," "Look to La Luna," or "Perfection is the key." To fight Reptile, the player must get a Double Flawless victory in single-player mode on the Pit stage and finish the match off with a Fatality, all without blocking. There must also be a silhouette flying past the Moon, which will occur every 50 matches. Once all conditions are met, Reptile will announce "You have found me, now prove yourself!" The match takes place on the spiked floor of the Pit, and defeating him with a Fatality earns the player ten million points.

In Mortal Kombat II, Reptile returned as a playable character and a member of a reptilian race named the Saurians, who were pulled into Outworld and enslaved by Shao Kahn. Promised the revival of his race in turn for his loyalty, Reptile conceals his reptilian identity and serves Kahn as Shang Tsung's bodyguard, as Tsung has been targeted for assassination by the Lin Kuei ninja Sub-Zero.

He was chosen to assist Jade in order to kill Kitana during the events of Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3, he is defeated and exiled, but reappears in Mortal Kombat 4 as Shinnok's minion. By Mortal Kombat: Deadly Alliance, Reptile returns to Kahn's service. He overhears Shang Tsung plotting to kill Kahn, but en route to warn his master, he meets a female vampire who offers knowledge of his race. Reptile pledges his loyalties to her, though eventually realizes she is merely using him and sets out to kill her. Instead of the vampire he finds Onaga's dragon egg instead, which transforms Reptile into Onaga's avatar, leading to the events of Mortal Kombat: Deception and ending with his defeat at the game's conclusion. Separated from Onaga as a result, Reptile returns in Mortal Kombat: Armageddon. In Konquest mode in Armageddon, he appears in the Red Dragon lair commanding Daegon's dragon Caro to close the portal but refused. Taven battles Reptile in combat and emerges victorious.

Reptile also appears in Mortal Kombat: Shaolin Monks, appearing in the game's opening sequence and later as a boss. During development, producer Shaun Himmerick noted that Reptile was included in the game because the character was one of Himmerick's favorite in the series. Originally included in NBA Jam Tournament Edition alongside other Mortal Kombat characters as an unlockable player, he was eventually removed from later versions of the game at the request of the NBA.

Reptile reappears in the 2011 Mortal Kombat video game that reboots the continuity of the first three games. He represents Outworld against Earthrealm in the tenth Mortal Kombat tournament, where he is defeated by Johnny Cage. In the second tournament, the younger Sub-Zero demands to face Scorpion but is instead forced into a duel with Reptile, and emerges victorious. Reptile then appears during the invasion of Earth in the retold events of MK3, when Stryker and Kabal open fire on him as he scales a highrise building. Reptile temporarily incapacitates Kabal but Stryker then beats him in combat.

In Mortal Kombat X (2015), Reptile is now capable of speech and is identified by the name Syzoth. He plays an instrumental role in Kotal Kahn usurping Mileena for the Outworld throne after he reveals that Mileena is a genetic creation created by Shang Tsung and not Shao Kahn's biological daughter, thus making her ineligible to rule Outworld. Reptile serves as one of Kotal's enforcers along with Erron Black, Ermac, Ferra and Torr, and is next seen investigating dead bodies left by the traitorous D'Vorah after she betrays Outworld by stealing Shinnok's amulet. Reptile who uses his invisibility to fight Takeda, but is defeated while his comrades are incapacitated by the Earthrealm heroes. Kotal declares war on Earthrealm as a result, and during the ensuing invasion and battle, Reptile temporarily blinds Takeda by spitting acid in his face before he is defeated by Jacqui Briggs.

In Mortal Kombat 11 Reptile is not a playable character, though Shang Tsung is able to shapeshift into him with a selectable move and he makes a cameo appearance in one of Rain's fatalities alongside Ermac and Smoke. Noob Saibot, Kung Lao, Jade, and Scorpion all have MK1-derived palette swap skins of Reptile, complete with scaly skin and green eyes.

In Mortal Kombat 1's new timeline, the Saurians (now renamed the Zaterrans) are no longer extinct, but Syzoth became an outcast among his people for having the ability to shapeshift into a human-like appearance. Unlike previous incarnations who hid his reptilian appearance behind a mask, this version can freely shapeshift between his human appearance and his true Saurian form. Shang Tsung forces Syzoth to become his servant by holding his family hostage, allowing the sorcerer to learn his shapeshifting ability. After Syzoth fails to contain Baraka and the captured Earthrealm warriors, Shang Tsung attempts to kill all of them and reveals he already killed Syzoth's family. After escaping, Syzoth allies himself with Earthrealm's warriors to prevent Shang Tsung's plans from coming to fruition. After Titan Shang Tsung's defeat, the newly crowned Empress Mileena asks Syzoth to be her emissary to the Zaterrans, allowing him to return to his home without being shamed. He uncovers records revealing that many Zaterrans actually have the ability to shapeshift but are killed off by the government to keep it from spreading, and vows to find a way to end their barbaric policies. The character intros also imply he becomes romantically involved with Ashrah.

Other media

Reptile is a supporting character in Malibu Comics' Mortal Kombat comic book series, first appearing in the 1995 three-issue Goro: Prince of Pain miniseries as a member of a team led by Kitana to find the missing Goro. In the finale of the 1995 six-issue Battlewave miniseries, Reptile hypnotizes Sonya Blade into wanting to marry Shao Kahn before Kahn's plot is thwarted by the Earthrealm heroes. He features briefly in special-edition comics published by Midway Games for Mortal Kombat II and Mortal Kombat 4, based on his respective role in each title.

A paperback novel written by C. Dean Anderson entitled Mortal Kombat: Reptile's World was published in 1996. Written for junior readers, the book describes the past of Reptile's race through the perspectives of other series characters.

Reptile appears in the 1995 film Mortal Kombat as a bipedal lizard who camouflages himself until found by Liu Kang. After being thrown into a statue, Reptile transforms into a human-looking ninja and battles Liu Kang, but is defeated and then crushed after reverting to his original form. Reptile's lizard form is computer-generated while the character's human form is portrayed by actor and martial artist Keith Cooke. Originally not included in the movie, Reptile was added in response to focus groups being unimpressed with the original fights in the film. Actor Robin Shou (Liu Kang) and director Paul Anderson noted that neither knew what Reptile's lizard form would look like until after filming, making the pre-fight sequence difficult to shoot.

An original character named Komodai features in one episode of the 1996 animated series Mortal Kombat: Defenders of the Realm, bearing a physical resemblance to Reptile and described as being a member of his race. Komodai leads an attack on Earthrealm with his minions until he is ultimately defeated and sent back to Outworld.

The 1998 television series Mortal Kombat: Conquest features Reptile in his human form, played by Jon Valera. Commander of Shao Kahn's army of Raptors, he betrays Kahn and forms an alliance with original series character Kreeya to share dominion over Kahn's domain and serve as one of her mates, but is killed by Shao Kahn's priests.

Reptile featured in director Kevin Tancharoen's 2010 short film Mortal Kombat: Rebirth, a grittier take on the series canon. He was played by actor Richard Dorton and depicted therein as a cannibalistic criminal who eats his victims' heads after killing them. Not an inhuman ninja here, he has harlequin-type ichthyosis, giving him patchy scale-like skin.

Reptile makes a brief appearance in the 2020 animated film Mortal Kombat Legends: Scorpion's Revenge, in which he is decapitated by Sonya during a fight scene.

Reptile makes an appearance in the 2021 film, as a minion of Shang Tsung who attacks Sonya's hideout before Kano kills him by ripping his heart out.

Merchandise and promotion
A Reptile action figure was released by Hasbro as part of a G.I. Joe line of toys, packaged with the series-themed vehicle for the toyline. The figure comes with a katana and grappling hook. Another action figure to promote Shaolin Monks was released in 2006 by Jazwares. Fully posable, it includes an alternate head, detachable tongue and a large-bladed scimitar. He was one of many MK characters depicted on 2.5" x 3.5" collectible magnets released by Ata-Boy Wholesale in 2011. Reptile also featured prominently in the introduction sequence of Mortal Kombat 4, portions of which were used in a television commercial to promote the game.

Reception
The character has been well received by critics. In 2008, GameSpot wrote that Reptile gives the series "an air of mystery" due to the circumstances behind his first appearance, while CraveOnline listed the battle against him in Mortal Kombat as the fourth-greatest event in video gaming. He was fifth in Game Revolution's list of top "old school" Mortal Kombat characters", praised for his introduction in Mortal Kombat and his changes in the sequel. Reptile was featured in a 2008 MSN article about the ten greatest Easter eggs in gaming. In 2010 UGO, included him on the list of the 25 coolest hidden characters in video gaming. In UGO Networks' 2012 list of the top Mortal Kombat characters, Reptile placed sixth, stating that he is the best hidden character in the series. In a 2020 episode of the Rotten Tomatoes podcast "Rotten Tomatoes Is Wrong" discussing the 1995 Mortal Kombat film, the panelists opined that Reptile is one of the worst characters in the series, mentioning his origin as a palette swap, and argued that the series should have kept him as a hidden character because it was the one thing that made him cool.

Reptile's absence in Mortal Kombat 11 was questioned by Dale Wilson of PlayStation LifeStyle, whom stated "With classic characters like Scorpion, Subzero, Johnny Cage, Jade, and Sonya Blade all making appearances in Mortal Kombat 11, I find it odd that Reptile was left out of the mix."

title: Reptile (Mortal Kombat)


text:
Bateman–Horn conjecture

In number theory, the Bateman–Horn conjecture is a statement concerning the frequency of prime numbers among the values of a system of polynomials, named after mathematicians Paul T. Bateman and Roger A. Horn who proposed it in 1962. It provides a vast generalization of such conjectures as the Hardy and Littlewood conjecture on the density of twin primes or their conjecture on primes of the form n2 + 1; it is also a strengthening of Schinzel's hypothesis H.

Definition
The Bateman–Horn conjecture provides a conjectured density for the positive integers at which a given set of polynomials all have prime values. For a set of m distinct irreducible polynomials ƒ1, ..., ƒm with integer coefficients, an obvious necessary condition for the polynomials to simultaneously generate prime values infinitely often is that they satisfy Bunyakovsky's property, that there does not exist a prime number p that divides their product f(n) for every positive integer n. For, if there were such a prime p, having all values of the polynomials simultaneously prime for a given n would imply that at least one of them must be equal to p, which can only happen for finitely many values of n or there would be a polynomial with infinitely many roots, whereas the conjecture is how to give conditions where the values are simultaneously prime for infinitely many n.

An integer n is prime-generating for the given system of polynomials if every polynomial ƒi(n) produces a prime number when given n as its argument. If P(x) is the number of prime-generating integers among the positive integers less than x, then the Bateman–Horn conjecture states that

 * $$P(x) \sim \frac{C}{D} \int_2^x \frac{dt}{(\log t)^m},\,$$

where D is the product of the degrees of the polynomials and where C is the product over primes p

 * $$C = \prod_p \frac{1-N(p)/p}{(1-1/p)^m}\ $$

with $$N(p)$$ the number of solutions to

 * $$f(n) \equiv 0 \pmod p.\ $$

Bunyakovsky's property implies $$N(p) < p$$ for all primes p, so each factor in the infinite product C is positive. Intuitively one then naturally expects that the constant C is itself positive, and with some work this can be proved. (Work is needed since some infinite products of positive numbers equal zero.)

Negative numbers
As stated above, the conjecture is not true: the single polynomial ƒ1(x) = −x produces only negative numbers when given a positive argument, so the fraction of prime numbers among its values is always zero. There are two equally valid ways of refining the conjecture to avoid this difficulty: It is reasonable to allow negative numbers to count as primes as a step towards formulating more general conjectures that apply to other systems of numbers than the integers, but at the same time it is easy to just negate the polynomials if necessary to reduce to the case where the leading coefficients are positive.
 * One may require all the polynomials to have positive leading coefficients, so that only a constant number of their values can be negative.
 * Alternatively, one may allow negative leading coefficients but count a negative number as being prime when its absolute value is prime.

Examples
If the system of polynomials consists of the single polynomial ƒ1(x) = x, then the values n for which ƒ1(n) is prime are themselves the prime numbers, and the conjecture becomes a restatement of the prime number theorem.

If the system of polynomials consists of the two polynomials ƒ1(x) = x and ƒ2(x) = x + 2, then the values of n for which both ƒ1(n) and ƒ2(n) are prime are just the smaller of the two primes in every pair of twin primes. In this case, the Bateman–Horn conjecture reduces to the Hardy–Littlewood conjecture on the density of twin primes, according to which the number of twin prime pairs less than x is
 * $$\pi_2(x) \sim 2 \prod_{p\ge 3} \frac{p(p-2)}{(p-1)^2}\frac{x}{(\log x)^2 } \approx 1.32 \frac {x}{(\log x)^2}.$$

Analogue for polynomials over a finite field
When the integers are replaced by the polynomial ring F[u] for a finite field F, one can ask how often a finite set of polynomials fi(x) in F[u][x] simultaneously takes irreducible values in F[u] when we substitute for x elements of F[u]. Well-known analogies between integers and F[u] suggest an analogue of the Bateman–Horn conjecture over F[u], but the analogue is wrong. For example, data suggest that the polynomial

 * $$x^3 + u\,$$

in F3[u][x] takes (asymptotically) the expected number of irreducible values when x runs over polynomials in F3[u] of odd degree, but it appears to take (asymptotically) twice as many irreducible values as expected when x runs over polynomials of degree that is 2 mod 4, while it (provably) takes no irreducible values at all when x runs over nonconstant polynomials with degree that is a multiple of 4. An analogue of the Bateman–Horn conjecture over F[u] which fits numerical data uses an additional factor in the asymptotics which depends on the value of d mod 4, where d is the degree of the polynomials in F[u] over which x is sampled.

title: Bateman–Horn conjecture