text:
Talk:Hatay Province

Disambiguation
editprotected

The Sanjak of Alexandretta subsection contains a wikilink to Armenian (piped to say Armenians), which is a dab page. Please change this to a link to Armenians. Thanks. Ntsimp 16:02, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Why don't you do it? Funkynusayri 16:17, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Done. - auburn pilot   talk  21:52, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

Turks in 877?
How did Turkish tribes get there in 877?????????? truly bizarre pseudo-history!!!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.19.85.51 (talk) 21:06, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

 * It is possible, why not? Thinking that the Turks started to adopt Islam as religion in 8.century and it was followed by the flow of the Turkish tribes-armies into Middle East. user: ryesiloglu 13 dec. 07 —Preceding comment was added at 14:27, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

 * There were no Turks in Southern Anatolia at that point of time. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Animosus (talk • contribs) 01:37, 13 June 2011 (UTC)

Request to add interwiki
Hello,

Please add the Bulgarian interlanguage link to the article: Хатай since article is protected and I can't add any info to it. Thanks. --Vanka5 00:58, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

Relation with Syria Portal (?)
What is the relation of the article with Syria portal? Is it because of historical links from the past? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ryesiloglu (talk • contribs) 14:39, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

Because of the Syrian roots still evident in Hatay today.

Cheers (Britishsyrian (talk) 13:38, 8 January 2008 (UTC))

Which disputes?
Since time immemorial, this page has been currently protected from editing "until disputes have been resolved". Which disputes? One of the warring editors from a long-gone-by past has been indef blocked, so I guess we'll never hear his side of the story. --Lambiam 22:24, 27 December 2007 (UTC)

False ethnic map
The map by William R. Shepherd is historical inaccurete because according to map there is no Turks in Cyprus. There is a de facto independet state in north Cyprus. In Northern Cyprus articel you can see the history of Turkish population in Cyprus. Ruzgar 21:35, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

This article must change name to Sanjak of Alexandretta
"Hatay Province" is false. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.229.131.54 (talk) 23:23, 13 May 2009 (UTC)

Intro based towards Syria?
The introductionary paragraph seems to be baised towards the Syrian POV. Which I don't think is the general international concensus on the issue. Hatay appears as part of Turkey on maps released the UN (*with disclaimer that the UN doesn't nessecarily endorse the shown borders), the US State Department  and the European Union. And on maps used by Wikipedia itself.

A better intro might be: Hatay is a Turkish province located on the Mediterranean shore in the south of the country. The province borders Syria on the south and east and the Turkish provinces of Adana and Osmaniye in the north. The province was ceded to Turkey in the 1939 by the French. The Syrian government does not recognize this today, and considers Hatay (or Liwa' aliskenderun (Arabic: لواء الاسكندرون) as the Syrians call it) to be part of Syria.

Thoughts? [edit] whoops, forgot to sign Crownsteler (talk) 21:09, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

Hi

Many thanks for that. Its a fact that Syria was under french protection from 1920-1946 and it considered Alexandretta an integral part of Syria until 1938. That is not a POV but factual and was included in the intro as fact. Cheers —Preceding unsigned comment added by Britishsyrian (talk • contribs) 22:58, 29 December 2009 (UTC)

Redirect
What do people think about the idea of redirecting the term "Hatay" to the "Hatay Province" entry? ThePhantomCopyEditor (talk) 20:40, 28 December 2009 (UTC)

Misinformation
I reverted some of the things britishsyrian had added. The map show Arabs in majority with smaller communities of Armenians and Turks, nothing more. There are no details of the city of Antioch or Iskandaron. The "A modern solution to the dispute that satifies both sides?" section was made up of a lot of guessing. --Supreme Deliciousness (talk) 22:04, 29 December 2009 (UTC)

Thanks for the remark. I see your point but may be instead of deleting the whole section we can reach to a compromise. The fact that an agreement in Adana 1998 and subsequent agreements that where signed up even as recently as last month are indisputable facts that cooperation between Turkey and Syria has allowed the issue of Hatay to fade away between the two countries. May be a rewrite can be done with both our efforts.

Cheers —Preceding unsigned comment added by Britishsyrian (talk • contribs) 22:46, 29 December 2009 (UTC)

Protest Image
The protest image is named "ProtestsAnnexationAlexanderetta", by changing this it becomes a red link. --Supreme Deliciousness (talk) 00:01, 18 October 2010 (UTC)

hatay:iskendurun ,erzin and dortyol are kurdish cities
here sources:

http://i1101.hizliresim.com/2011/1/29/696.jpg http://www.kurdtimes.com/kt-kurd/pix/kurdishmap.gif http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Umgriffe_Kurdistans.png

we should add this info —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.171.184.84 (talk) 01:27, 29 January 2011 (UTC)

 * Non of those links can be regarded as sources or reliable sources. The first one is from hizliresim.com which is a web archive website, who made this map and how is that a reliable source? It claims that "Kurdistan" was an entity during the Treaty of Sevres. This is something that is made up. Look at a real Treaty of Sevres map from the New International Yearbook: A Compendium of the World's Progress  or this map by Lt.-Col. Lawrence Martin, Geographer of the Institute of Politics, they do not mention any "Kurdistan".

 * The second link is published by kurdtimes.com, how is that a reliable source? What factual occurrences is it based on? That source claims "Kurdistan" being an entity in Syria, Turkey, Iraq and Iran. This is another imaginary map not based on anything factual and is completely made up.

 * The third one is a map uploaded at commons. It is also a home made map, and exactly as the two other maps you brought is an imaginary map not based on anything factual and is completely made up.--Supreme Deliciousness (talk) 10:41, 29 January 2011 (UTC)

its kurdistan and not "kurdistan" answer to -Supreme Deliciousness and hatay is kurdistan!
hatay is kurdistan city! its for me not imporant if hatay is now under turkish state we knwo hatay is our kurdistan s city!

here : http://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xetay_%28par%C3%AAzgeh%29 http://www.kurdtimes.com/kt-kurd/pix/kurdishmap.gif http://i1101.hizliresim.com/2011/1/29/696.jpg

kurds killed by turksih racist state and now its "turkey" ,?ah no no !

greets ali. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.182.34.95 (talk) 19:02, 30 March 2011 (UTC)

 * You have just posted same links you posted above and linked to a Wikipedia article. Your post and links were replied to above . Do you have anything reliable to bring to the conversation or do you want to ad the same unreliable links and made up maps a third time? --Supreme Deliciousness (talk) 22:55, 30 March 2011 (UTC)

Traffic Code 31
In initial section mention is made of traffic code 31; no idea what this means; looked up, could find nothing; will delete unless I get some info.Mwinog2777 (talk) 18:47, 25 November 2015 (UTC)
 * Apparently Turkey assigns such traffic codes to the 81 communities that are classified as cities there, according to this site. The city traffic code - probably a less ambiguous term - is the first two digits on license plates issued to motor vehicles, presumably by government offices in the cities in question.
 * This information seems rather extraneous in my opinion, especially for a page devoted to the Province and not its capitol city, but I have no strong feelings one way or the other about leaving it in. The confusion this term causes should be resolved if it is left in, though.Sharl928 (talk) 09:27, 7 December 2015 (UTC)
 * I went ahead and removed the phrase "the traffic code is 31" from the end of the first/introductory paragraph. Although I found out what the phrase means - as noted in my response to user MWinog2777's inquiry (above) - I don't feel the phrase adds sufficient value to the content of the Main Page to be retained there. In addition, it would likely cause unnecessary confusion to those of us unfamiliar with Turkey's traffic and license plate code system.  As noted above, I don't have strong feelings about this, so if someone wishes to restore it, I won't object. If it is restored though, I would highly recommend that alternative text be provided which offers greater clarity to non-Turkish readers. Sharl928 (talk) 22:17, 5 January 2016 (UTC)

Percentages
Why would the Syrians be divided into religious groups and only the Sunnis will be names "Arabs" while the Turks will be assembled together ? Of course, the reason of this strategy is obvious (to make the turks a plurality) but it wont work. The alawits are not their own ethnicity, neither are the Sunnis nor the Christians.--Attar-Aram syria (talk) 09:47, 17 October 2016 (UTC)

Source problem
"This referendum has been labelled both "phoney" and "rigged", and a way for the French to let Turks take over the area, hoping that they would turn on Hitler.[9][10] For the referendum, Turkey crossed tens of thousands of Turks into Alexandretta to vote.[11] "

This part largely comes from journalist Robert Fisk's book "The Great War for Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East". In the book itself there are no sources for this, considering the book was published by a non academic organization and it had numerous errors (some can be seen in this review https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/nov/19/highereducation.news) I don't think this two sentences should be in the article. It is not a good source for a encylopedia. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Solistrum (talk • contribs) 08:52, 27 November 2016 (UTC)

Removal of template and categories
You seem to have misunderstood how Wikipedia works. The edit summary "prove it on talk page" actually has a boomerang effect. Please read WP:BRD. You made a bold removal of template and categories, you were reverted (actually several times). Then it is your duty to discuss in the talk page. The section "Turkish–Syrian dispute" has a well-sourced description of the dispute, and it does not say anything about the dispute being resolved. In order to remove the template and the categories, the section would need to have a sourced description of how the dispute was solved. If not, the categories and the template will stay. --T*U (talk) 10:56, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Hatay Province


text: Talk:Homebelly Groove...Live

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Homebelly Groove...Live


text:
Talk:Lars Ohly

Untitled
Why is this removed:

When he did the test at http://www.politicalcompass.org/, he scored:

Economic Left/Right: -9.00 Social Libertarian/Authoritarian: -8.00

--

That is premiere information about his views and opitions - imagine if every politican took that test! I say it should be put back! Does anyone have anything against that?

 * Where did this information come from? I'd say it needs a reference. — Nowhither 05:25, 8 August 2005 (UTC)

"Ohly is not a revolutionist ..."
I have deleted the last sentence of this article, the original version of which was added by 80.217.161.77 in the 13:05, 28 April 2005 edit. The sentence, in its most recent form, read as follows:
 * However, Ohly is not a revolutionist, and his idea on communist is more of classical social democratic transformation of society.

I deleted it because it reads like an opinion of the writer, rather than a NPOV factual statement. It also does not seem to fit well with the text preceding it (or if it does, I don't see how). And, of course, it needs some rewording, although I could have fixed that part.

Adding this information back into the article is fine with me, as long as it can be presented in a NPOV manner and in a way that fits with the rest of the controversy subsection. — Nowhither 05:23, 8 August 2005 (UTC)

Year correction
"He joined the Communist Youth in 1976"

The Swedish wiki says he joined in 1978. Someone make sure which year is correct. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.247.4.254 (talk) 09:39, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

 * 1978 is the correct year. /Slarre (talk) 10:39, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

Personal
The part where Ohly's partner is declared to be 18 years younger has been removed. This isn't of political interest. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Felizarine (talk • contribs) 10:16, 7 April 2010 (UTC)

Well, it has been re-added. I removed it again. Let's make sure it stays gone now; it has no relevance whatsoever. Archer 90 (talk) 20:40, 16 September 2010 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: www.insideworldsoccer.com/2013/07/lars-ohly-liverpool-tattoo-penis-instagram-fail.html. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Struway2 (talk) 12:48, 13 May 2014 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Lars Ohly


text:
Virginia, South Africa

Virginia is a gold mining town located in the Lejweleputswa District Municipality and on  goldfields of the Free State province in South Africa about 140 km (90 mi) northeast of Bloemfontein, the provincial capital.

History
In 1890, two railway surveyors from the state of Virginia in the United States etched the name of their birthplace on a boulder near the farm Merriespruit. When a railway siding was eventually established at this spot, the name was adopted, and it stuck after the discovery of gold in 1949 which resulted in a mushrooming settlement on the banks of the Sand River. In 1988 the Sand River burst its banks and flooded parts of the town. In 1994 the Merriespruit tailings dam disaster occurred just outside Virginia, killing seventeen people.

On 5 December 2000, Virginia was incorporated into the Matjhabeng Local Municipality along with the city of Welkom and the towns of Allanridge, Hennenman, Odendaalsrus and Ventersburg. During the apartheid era, black people Lived outside Virginia in the location of Meloding. The town itself boomed during the gold mining years' golden age and gold mining is still responsible for most of the town's economy.

Economy
Virginia is surrounded by some of the largest gold fields in Free State, and its economy is dominated by mining, gold-extraction plants, and the manufacture of sulfuric acid from gold ore. It is also known for having the deepest pipe-mine into the earth on the planet. Commercial farms in the surrounding area primarily grow maize (corn) and raise livestock. Virginia is located on the main rail line between Bloemfontein and Johannesburg.

title: Virginia, South Africa


text:
Guadarrama

Guadarrama is a town and municipality in the Cuenca del Guadarrama comarca, in the Community of Madrid, Spain.

Its population is 17,063 according to the Continuous Register of 2023; the population swells to approximately 60,000 in summer. In the 2023 Spanish general election, for the Congress of Spain the residents voted 41.29% for the People's Party, 24.54% for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, and 19.45% voted for Vox.

Its name comes from Arabic Wadi-l-ramla river (the sandy river).

Guadarrama achieved the status of "villa" under Fernando V of Castile (II of Aragon) on November 22, 1504. Fernando VI ordered the building of a road to A Coruña through the Guadarrama Pass, through which passed the Grande Armée with Napoleon searching for John Moore's Army in 1808.

This town was absolutely destroyed during the Spanish Civil War, as it was for almost three years a battlefront. All one can see in this town today is new, built in the mid-20th century.

It was the location for some scenes in the 1964 film The Fall of the Roman Empire.

It is close to Sierra de Guadarrama, a mountain range that is visited by Madrid residents seeking cooler temperatures, especially in summer.

title: Guadarrama


text: File:Spin Doctors - Turn It Upside Down.jpg


text:
Real-time video editing

Real-time video editing is a system of editing video where it takes no longer to render a video than the length of that video clip itself. Live video editing is where there are various cameras at various angles and position, capturing single or multiple subjects and the footage is routed through a vision mixing device and edited and transmitted in real-time.

Broadcasters traditionally used large, disparate computer systems for real-time video editing with multiple CPUs, multiple gigabytes of RAM and high-powered hard drives. Some had additional hardware components designed to enhance the performance of the specific video editing software being used. Other approaches used to ensure real-time playback included continuous background rendering, and using multiple networked computers to share the rendering load. These systems would allow broadcasters to edit and render a video clip in 30 minutes.

These systems are now outdated thanks to the instantaneous nature of social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter. Broadcasters and content rights holders now use cloud-based video editing technology which allows them to clip, edit and share video across multiple digital platforms such as websites and social apps within seconds rather than minutes.

Blackbird is one of the earliest examples of a cloud-based video service. Invented by Stephen Streater and released in 2004, it is credited as the first cloud-based video editor. Its diverse userbase extends from global, national and regional media organisations, leading sports content distributors and post-production houses to government departments.

Grabyo is an example of a cloud-based real-time video editing platform. It was founded in 2013, has partnerships with Facebook and Twitter and is used by some of the largest media companies in Europe and North America.

title: Real-time video editing


text: User talk:142.213.160.67

title: User talk:142.213.160.67


text:
User:Redbullion01

Good Sci/Tech websites:

String Theory: http://www.superstringtheory.com Orders of Length: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_E23_m

title: User:Redbullion01


text:
Kremenchuk

Kremenchuk (Кременчук, ) is an industrial city in central Ukraine which stands on the banks of the Dnieper River. The city serves as the administrative center of Kremenchuk Raion within Poltava Oblast. Kremenchuk also hosts the administration of Kremenchuk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is approximately ranking 31st in Ukraine. In 2001, the Ukrainian government included the city in the list of historical settlements.

Although not as large as some other oblast centers, Kremenchuk has a large industrial center in Ukraine and Eastern Europe. A KrAZ truck plant, the Kremenchuk Oil Refinery of Ukrtatnafta, the Kriukiv Railway Car Building Works, and Kremenchuk Hydroelectric Power Plant, in nearby Svitlovodsk, are located in or near Kremenchuk. Highway M22 crosses the Dnieper over the dam of the power plant.

Originally established on the left bank, Kremenchuk eventually incorporated the city of Kriukiv on the right bank. The Kriukiv Railway Car Building Works is one of the oldest railway-repair and rail-car-building factories in Eastern Europe, dating from 1869.

Kremenchuk's Ukrtatnafta oil refinery is the largest in Ukraine and for a while was the only one operating since the beginning of the conflict with Russia that left refineries in the Donbas inactive. Because of Russian attacks during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the refinery was out of operation in 2022.

History
Kremenchuk was founded in 1571 as a fortress. The name Kremenchuk is explained as deriving from the word "kremen" - flint (a mineral) because the city is located on a giant chert plate. An alternative explanation says that "Kremenchuk" is the Turkish for "small fortress".

In 1625, at Lake Kurukove in Kremenchuk, the Treaty of Kurukove was signed between Cossacks and the Poles. Since the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate, the city was part of the Chyhyryn Polk (regiment). Following the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667) and Treaty of Andrusovo, the city was secured by the Tsardom of Russia and became part of the Myrhorod Polk (regiment) within the left-bank of the Cossack Hetmanate. The city played a key role in the Russian colonization policy of Ukraine and their striving for the shores of Black Seas as regional administrative center of the early Novorossiya Governorate and Yekaterinoslav Vice-regency (Namestnichestvo). With the creation of Novorossiya Governorate, the Dnieper Pikemen Regiment (Днепровский пикинёрный полк) was created and coincidentally a few years later (1768–69) in the neighboring regions of Poland began the Koliyivshchyna. Here in 1786 the Russian general Alexander Suvorov started his military career when he was appointed a commander of the local garrison (in preparation of the 1787–1792 Russo-Turkish War). Following defeat in the Crimean War began the installation of a network of railroads in Russia, and in 1869 in Kryukiv were built small railcar repair shops, while in 1872 the city of Kriukiv was connected with Kremenchuk by a railroad bridge over the Dnieper. In 1870 in Kremenchuk a factory was built that produced and maintained agrarian equipment and iron cast products. In 1899 a network of tramway transportation was introduced in Kremenchuk that existed until the complete establishment of Soviet regime in Ukraine in 1921.

During the Russian February Revolution of 1917, power in the city was controlled by a council (soviet) of workers' deputies which was dominated by the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party and the head of the city council was the future Ukrainian Communist leader Yuriy Lapchynskyi. During the Ukrainian–Soviet War, on 26 January 1918, Russian Bolshevik troops secured the city, however already in February of the same year they had to withdraw due to the treaty of Brest-Litovsk and advance of German and Ukrainian armies. Following the World War I hostilities between the Bolshevik Russia and Ukraine renewed and on 1 February 1919 the Russian Red Army once again secured the city. However, in May of the same year Kremechuk was engulfed in the insurgency of Otaman Grigoriev who earlier sided with Bolsheviks and drove the international force of Triple Entante from Odesa. From July to December 1919 the city was occupied by the Russian "White Guard" troops of Anton Denikin. Following their withdrawal, the Denikin's troops blew up the railroad bridge.

In 1920–1922, the city was the administrative center of the short-lived Kremenchuk Governorate during a peasant insurgency (Kholodnyi Yar) near Chyhyryn (just west of the city). During the 1930s, Kremenchuk's industry was transformed, its Kriukiv railcar repair shops became a railcar manufacturing factory, while its factory in production of agrarian equipment changed to manufacturing road equipment.

During World War II (1939–1945), Kremenchuk suffered heavily under Nazi occupation. It was occupied from September 15, 1941, to September 29, 1943. More than 90% of the city's buildings were leveled over the course of the war. 29 September, the day when the city was liberated from the Nazis in 1943, is celebrated in Kremenchuk as City Day. Despite a remarkable post-war recovery and a healthier economy, Kremenchuk lacks much of the architectural charm and distinctly Ukrainian (rather than Russian) character of its sister city, the oblast capital of Poltava.

During the Cold War, Kremenchuk became the headquarters for the 43rd Rocket Division of the 43rd Army of the Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces. The division was equipped with R-12 Dvina intercontinental ballistic missiles.

In 1975 the city of Kryukiv was merged with Kremenchuk, while Kremenchuk was divided in two raions in city.

In 2014 during the mass demolition of monuments to Vladimir Lenin in Ukraine, in the city were removed two monuments of the Russian Communist leader in the city center and near the Kryukiv Railcar Factory.

Oleh Babayev, the mayor of Kremenchuk was assassinated on July 26, 2014. Oleh Babayev opposed separatism and promoted national unity, prior to becoming mayor he was a member of the Batkivshchyna political party which opposed Victor Yanukovich. His political views and Kremenchuk's large industrial base may have been the motivation for the attack.

During the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine security at the Kremenchuk Reservoir was heightened as it was seen as a possible target for saboteurs.

Until 18 July 2020, Kremenchuk was designated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to Kremenchuk Raion even though it was the center of the raion. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four, the city was merged into Kremenchuk Raion.

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Kremenchuk has been under attack by Russian forces. On April 27 and May 12 an oil refinery was hit by Russian missiles and will be out of operation for months. On June 27 a shopping mall was hit by Russian missiles and caught fire, 16 people died and 59 were injured. Just after the strike, a nearby factory was hit. Russian authorities claimed that the factory hosted weapons supplied by the US and European countries. In 2014, the factory was known to repair armoured personnel carriers (BTR-70s).

Jewish community and Holocaust
Jews initially began to settle in the city in 1782, and by 1801, there were 454 registered taxpayers in Kremenchuk. As a result of Jewish emigration from further north in the Pale of Settlement, many Jews from northern provinces settled in the city in the mid-19th century. The community had grown sevenfold within a half decade to 3,475 by 1847. The 1897 All-Russia Census recorded the Jewish population of Kremenchuk at 29,768, or at 47% of the total population. Growth of the city's Jewish population stagnated, still hovering at 28,969 by 1926, around 50% of the population, later heavily falling to 19,880 by 1939.

Nazi forces occupied Kremenchuk on September 9, 1941, setting restrictions on Jewish purchases and forcing them to wear the Yellow Star of Jude. On September 27, 1941, they were exiled from the city, and forced to move into the Ghetto in Novo-Ivanovka.[ uk] Many Jews who hid throughout the city were later caught and forced into the Ghettos as well. Between October 1941 and January 1942, a total of around 8,000 Jews were shot and killed in various instances of execution over the months, although the community was not entirely wiped out. The Ghetto and town were liberated September 29th, 1943 by the Red Army. A Jewish community of over 5,000 remained in the city throughout the 1950s, although dwindled in the 1990s during migration to Israel.

There are a few Jewish cemeteries from different parts of the 20th century in the area, with the last burials having occurred in Jewish Cemetery II in the 1990s.

Language
Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:

Economy
Kremenchuk is the economic center of the Poltava Oblast and one of the leading industrial centers of Ukraine. , it contributed about 7 percent of the national economy and accounted for more than 50 percent of the industrial output in Poltava Oblast. The city is home to KrAZ, a truck-manufacturing company (one of the largest in Eastern Europe) as well as a major European oil refinery operated by Ukrtatnafta, the road-making machine works, Kremenchuk Automobile Assembly Plant, the Kryukivsky Car Manufacturing Plant, train railway rolling stock wagons, the wheel plant, the carbon black plant, the steel works and others.

The light industries of the city include tobacco (JTI), confectionery (Roshen), a knitting factory as well as milk and meat processing plants.

Kremenchuk is one of the most important railway junctions in Central Ukraine (thanks to its geographical position and a bridge over the Dnieper River) and a major river port on the main river of Ukraine.

Sport
Kremenchuk is home to HK Kremenchuk ice hockey team who compete in the Ukrainian Championship and FC Kremin Kremenchuk football team.

Beside FC Kremin, the city was also represented by number of other professional football clubs such as FC Adoms Kremenchuk, FC Naftokhimik Kremenchuk, and FC Vahonobudivnyk Kremenchuk.

The city has several sports schools, about six stadiums including Polytechnic Stadium (main city stadium), Kremin Stadium, and others, as well as couple of swimming pools and couple of athletic halls.

Notable people

 * Fedor Opanasovich Chaika, great-grandfather of the composer Tchaikovsky
 * Alexander Pechersky, one of the leaders of Sobibor uprising
 * Emmanuel Mané-Katz, artist
 * Leo Ornstein, composer and pianist
 * Avraham Shlonsky, Israeli poet and editor
 * Dimitri Tiomkin, film composer
 * Anton Makarenko, educator, social worker and writer.
 * Sergey Vashchenko, Balalaika virtuoso and conductor
 * Vyacheslav Senchenko, World welterweight boxing champion
 * Charles David Spivak, founder of the Jewish Consumptives' Relief Society
 * Yehoshua Hankin, Zionist pioneer

Twin towns – sister cities
Kremenchuk is twinned with:

 * 🇧🇬 Svishtov, Bulgaria
 * 🇨🇳 Wenzhou, China
 * 🇵🇱 Bydgoszcz, Poland
 * 🇺🇦 Berdiansk, Ukraine
 * 🇺🇦 Bila Tserkva, Ukraine
 * 🇺🇦 Kolomyia, Ukraine
 * 🇨🇳 Jiayuguan, China
 * 🇱🇹 Alytus, Lithuania
 * 🇮🇩 Sidoarjo, Indonesia
 * 🇸🇰 Michalovce, Slovakia
 * 🇸🇰 Snina, Slovakia
 * 🇺🇸 Providence, Rhode Island, United States
 * 🇲🇰 Bitola, North Macedonia
 * 🇮🇱 Rishon LeZion, Israel

title: Kremenchuk


text:
Mumbles Lighthouse

Mumbles Lighthouse, completed in 1794, is a lighthouse located in Mumbles, near Swansea. The structure, which sits on the outer of two islands off Mumbles Head, is clearly visible from any point along the five mile sweep of Swansea Bay. Along with the nearby lifeboat station, it is the most photographed landmark in the village.

The tower has two tiers and initially two open coal fire lights were displayed. These open coal fire lights were difficult to maintain and were soon replaced by a single oil-powered light within a cast-iron lantern.

In 1860, the oil-powered light was upgraded to a dioptric light and the Mumbles Battery, a fort that surrounds the tower, was built by the War Department.

In 1905, an occulting mechanism, where the light was made to flash, was fitted. This was partially automated in 1934.

By 1977, the cast-iron lantern had deteriorated beyond repair and was removed. A different lantern was added in 1987.

In 1995, the main light was replaced and an array of solar panels and emergency monitoring equipment were added.

title: Mumbles Lighthouse


text:
Norihiko Hibino

Norihiko Hibino (日比野 則彦) is a Japanese video game composer and saxophonist.

Biography
Hibino was born in Osaka. He graduated from the Osaka University School of Human Sciences in 1996. After graduating from Berklee College of Music in 1997, he moved to Kansas City to start a career as a solo jazz musician. He later relocated to Japan to work for Konami, where he became known for his work on Konami's Metal Gear Solid and Zone of the Enders video game series.

After working with Konami, Hibino started his own company, GEM Impact, which is a studio consisting of composers Takahiro Izutani, Yoshitaka Suzuki, Takahide Ayuzawa, and himself. An additional part of GEM Impact is GEM Factory, an in-house record label which has put out the debut album of The Outer Rim and the Ninja Blade soundtrack. Through GEM Impact, Hibino and his team have been able to work on games, anime, websites, and other projects that require music. While their involvement with Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots was not publicized by Konami, Hibino divulged in an interview with Original Sound Version that GEM Impact in fact provided approximately 90 minutes of music for the game's cinematic sequences. On September 2, 2008, Hibino and GEM Impact were announced to be the composers for the action title Ninja Blade.

In 2009, GEM Impact's in-house label, GEM Factory released the two-disc Ninja Blade soundtrack, and Hibino went on to found Hibino Sound Therapy Lab, a venture that explores the therapeutic applications of music. His first project under this company was Prescription for Sleep, an iPhone and iPod touch application that attempts to lure users to sleep with 20 minutes of soothing, live-recorded music. Hibino also teamed up with a Chinese producer to create Gentle Love, a light smooth jazz arrangement album of pop hits from China, Japan, and the US. Other activities included a panel at GDC 2009 about the game music business in Japan, two performance at the 2009 GANG Awards, performances of "Snake Eater" at Video Games Live in Singapore and Brazil, and a live performance of Gentle Love. GEM Impact also contributed to the score for Bayonetta. He was also awarded the Berklee "Distinguished Alumni" award for his entrepreneurial spirit and use of music in unconventional ways to reach a new audience.

After 2009, Hibino worked on fewer game projects and focused his energies on the therapeutic applications of music being explored through Hibino Sound Therapy Lab. He began recording material under the GENTLE LOVE moniker, featuring himself on saxophone and pianist Ayaki Sato (AYAKI) on piano. Several albums were recorded, including the Hibino Sound Therapy Lab Sound Library and Prescription for Sleep Volume 2. Over the next several years, Hibino would record solo harp, chamber groups, and more GENTLE LOVE to amass a library for his new therapeutic sound system called the RINSHU, which is a hand-carved sound system crafted by woodworkers in Japan in the likeness of a yacht. The system was released in Japan in 2014 and was patented and released in the United States in 2015.

After the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan, Hibino and AYAKI toured the affected areas, performing free concerts to promote healing for those in need. This resulted in the creation of the Music in Heaven spiritual care events which have taken place all throughout Japan, combining musical performances, conceptual footage displayed on a large screen above the stage, and a wellness event. Music in Heaven, which began in 2013, celebrated 50 performances in 2015, and is still being regularly scheduled throughout Japan.

Hibino continued to maintain his ties with the game industry starting in 2014 with the launch of Prescription for Sleep: Game Music Lullabies, produced and published by Scarlet Moon Records. The series features Hibino and AYAKI teaming up as GENTLE LOVE to perform popular video game music to sleep and relax to. The series expanded to include Prescription for Sleep: Game Music Lullabies Volume II in 2015, a tribute to former Nintendo president Satoru Iwata and Hibino's mentor Eiki Oshiimi titled Prescription for Peace: A Tribute to the Departed, and a third full-length album titled Prescription for Sleep: Lullabies of Mana, dedicated to Secret of Mana. A fourth Prescription for Sleep album, announced on November 2, 2016 and released on December 1, 2016, featured arrangements from Undertale. In 2016, Hibino co-wrote the score for the animated short, Sinmara Saga, with composer Dale North.

title: Norihiko Hibino


text: Category:Gastropods

title: Category:Gastropods


text: User talk:216.20.1.214

title: User talk:216.20.1.214


text:
Grigory Chukhray

Grigory Naumovich Chukhray (Григо́рий Нау́мович Чухра́й; Григорiй Наумович Чухрай; 23 May 1921 – 28 October 2001) was a Ukrainian Soviet and Russian film director and screenwriter. People's Artist of the USSR (1981). He's the father of the Russian film director Pavel Chukhray.

Early life
Grigory Chukhray was born in Melitopol (modern-day Zaporizhzhia Oblast of Ukraine) to Red Army soldiers Naum Zinovievich Rubanov and Claudia Petrovna Chukhray. He was of Ukrainian origin. His parents divorced when he was three years old. He was raised by a stepfather, Pavel Antonovich Litvinenko, the head of kolkhoz. His mother Claudia Chukhray took an active part in the collectivization and dekulakization of the Ukrainian SSR, then worked as an investigation officer at militsiya.

In 1939, he was drafted to the army. A decorated veteran of World War II, Chukhray's wartime experiences profoundly affected him and the majority of his films. He served in the 229th separate communications battalion of the 134th Infantry Division (later part of the 19th Army). He fought at the Southern, Stalingrad and Don Fronts. From 1943 on, he served in airborne troops at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian Fronts and took part in operation "Dnipro Troopers". He was wounded three times. In 1944, he joined the Communist Party.

Career
At war's end, he studied filmmaking at VGIK, the course led by Sergei Yutkevich and Mikhail Romm, and then developed his skills as a director's assistant at the Kiev Film Studio. By the mid-1950s, he began writing and directing his own films at the Mosfilm studio, gaining cinematic recognition outside the Soviet Union at the 1957 Cannes Film Festival with his film The Forty-First (1956).

Chukhray directed and co-wrote Ballad of a Soldier (1959). Around the themes of love and the tragedy of war, the film received acclaim at home, earning the Lenin Prize. It was heralded internationally for both its story and cinematic technique. At the 1960 Cannes Film Festival it was awarded a special jury prize for "high humanism and outstanding quality." Ballad of a Soldier premiered in the United States in 1960 at the San Francisco International Film Festival. The film won the Festival's Golden Gate Award, for Best Picture and for Best Director for Grigory Chukhray. Playing worldwide, the following year, it earned the BAFTA Award for Best Film. Grigory Chukhray and script co-writer Valentin Yezhov were also nominated for the 1961 Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.

Chukhray's next film was Clear Skies (1961). It told the story of a Soviet pilot who had survived Nazi imprisonment during the war, but was accused of spying. It was one of the first Soviet films to deal with some of the repressive practices under the Soviet leadership of Joseph Stalin. It won the Grand Prix (in a tie with Kaneto Shindo's The Naked Island) at the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival. Two years later Chukhray served as the president of the jury at the 3rd Moscow International Film Festival.

Between 1966 and 1971, Chukhray headed the director's courses at VGIK. In 1965, he founded and headed the Experimental Studio at Mosfilm that produced such films as White Sun of the Desert (1970), The Twelve Chairs (1971), Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future (1973), A Slave of Love (1976), and other popular movies. He also served as a member of the State Committee for Cinematography between 1964 and 1991.

In 1984, Chukhray directed his final Soviet film, together with Yuri Shvyryov: I'll Teach You to Dream. In 1992–1993, he and Rolf Schübel co-directed ''Todfeinde. Vom Sterben und Überleben in Stalingrad'', a joined Russian-Germany documentary in two parts about the Battle of Stalingrad. In this film Chukhray as well as other Russian and German survivors told about their experiences during the battle.

In 1994, Chukhray was awarded a Nika Award for his lifetime contribution to cinema. In 2001, he published two volumes of memoirs entitled My War and My Cinema, dedicated to his war experience and his work in cinema, respectively.

He was married to Iraida Chukhray (née Penkova), a teacher of Russian language and literature. They had two children: Pavel Chukhray (born 1946), a Russian director, and Elena Chukhray (born 1961), an expert in film studies.

Grigory Chukhray died of heart failure in Moscow in 2001 at the age of eighty. He was buried at the Vagankovo Cemetery.

Honours and awards

 * People's Artist of the RSFSR
 * People's Artist of the USSR
 * Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class
 * Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class
 * Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class
 * Three Orders of the Red Banner of Labour
 * Order of the Red Star
 * Medal "For the Defence of Stalingrad"
 * Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
 * Medal "For the Capture of Vienna"
 * Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
 * Jubilee Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
 * Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"
 * Nika Award

title: Grigory Chukhray


text:
Wintersun

Wintersun is a Finnish heavy metal band from Helsinki originally formed as the side project of Jari Mäenpää, then-vocalist and guitarist of folk metal band Ensiferum.

In 2003, Mäenpää began pulling together songs that he had been working on since 1995. These songs followed specific themes described by Mäenpää as majestic, "spacy", and melodic. While Mäenpää planned to perform and record each instrument for the first album himself, he still required a drummer. He sent demos to Kai Hahto, former member of Rotten Sound, who agreed to perform the drums.

After obtaining a record deal, Mäenpää scheduled studio time to record the first album. Ensiferum's tour to support their 2004 release was scheduled at the same time, which forced Mäenpää to request time off from the band. The band instead fired him, and Mäenpää was free to go ahead with the production of his self-titled album, Wintersun.

After the release of Wintersun, the band found permanent members to perform shows and promote the album, although a keyboardist would never be found due to the increasingly-complex and expansive nature of the orchestrations and synth parts on the new music that Mäenpää was writing at the time. In 2006, Wintersun began work on their second and third albums, Time I and Time II, which were initially intended to be released as a single album. Recording began in May of that year, but the albums would be the recipient of years-long delays for a multitude of reasons, not the least of which was the complexity of each song's mix.

Two of the band's members, drummer Kai Hahto and bassist Jukka Koskinen, are also members of Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish. In November 2023, Teemu Mäntysaari became a full member of American thrash metal band Megadeth, having filled-in on their most recent tour after Kiko Loureiro's departure.

2003–2004: Creation and Wintersun
Jari Mäenpää began Wintersun in 2003 "to make songs that make you feel like you are floating in space." Mäenpää chose the name "Wintersun" from a list a friend had produced, later explaining, "Winter reflects the cold and stormy side of the album and also the Finnish melancholy and magic. Sun is related to the 'universe, space and stars'-feel of the album, which is also strongly connected to the lyrics." Although the songs that would appear on Wintersun had collectively been written between 1995 and 2004 (see each track's respective composition dates here), Mäenpää kept his songwriting efforts primarily focused on folk metal band Ensiferum, with whom he had been playing since 1996.

Mäenpää contacted Rotten Sound drummer Kai Hahto, who, upon hearing demos, agreed to work as the session drummer for Wintersun. Mäenpää and Hahto recorded demo versions of "Winter Madness", "Beyond the Dark Sun", and "Death and the Healing", which were sent directly to Nuclear Blast. The label offered a contract for several albums stipulating that a three-song demo must be approved before each new album is recorded.

Even after obtaining a record deal, Mäenpää intended on keeping Wintersun as a side project during his tenure as lead singer and guitarist for Ensiferum. Unfortunately, to support the 2004 release of Ensiferum's Iron, Spinefarm Records scheduled a European tour with dates that conflicted with studio time Mäenpää had booked to record Wintersun. After requesting a break from the band, Mäenpää was fired from Ensiferum.

Mäenpää focused his energies on recording Wintersun despite the lack of formal band members. The vocals, guitars, bass, and keyboards on Wintersun were performed solely by Mäenpää, who was already adept at recording multi-instrumental songs, having grown up with 8- and 16-track equipment. Three studios were used in the making of Wintersun: drums were recorded at Tico-Tico Studios, Mäenpää's vocals, synth, and guitarwork were recorded at Sundi Coop Studios, and Nino Laurenne mixed the album at Sonic Pump Studios. Mäenpää recorded additional synth and guitar solos on his 16-track recorder. Wintersun was released on 13 September 2004.

2004–2006: Band formation and Wintersun promotion
Inspired by Wintersun's musical direction, Kai Hahto left Rotten Sound and joined Wintersun as permanent drummer, and Jukka Koskinen, of Norther, joined Wintersun as bassist. Oliver Fokin, former drummer for Ensiferum and whom Mäenpää credits as inspiring him to start playing guitar, was hired as guitarist. The search for a keyboardist proved to be ineffectual.

The music video for Beyond the Dark Sun was shot over a period of two days: 3 and 4 July 2004. It was produced and directed by Maurice Swinkels.

On 4 October 2004, Wintersun announced the departure of Oliver Fokin as guitarist, and a suitable replacement would not be found until 27 December when Teemu Mäntysaari joined. The search for a keyboardist continued, and Wintersun was forced to use backup tapes for their future performances.

2006–2017: Time I
Recording for the second album, tentatively titled Time, began on 2 May 2006. Wintersun entered Sonic Pump Studios with Thunderstone's Nino Laurenne as sound engineer. Recording of Hahto's drum tracks began on 3 May. Rhythm guitars and bass were also recorded during the session. Mäenpää would record synthesizers and sampling, guitar solos, acoustic guitars, vocals, and Mäntysaari's guitarwork at his apartment studio. The album was planned to have seven songs and an intro and outro. The songs' compositions are complex, being composed of 200 to 300 tracks each.

Time would face multiple setbacks, delaying the album's release for years. On 23 October 2006, Wintersun released a statement that, because recording was continually delayed, the dates for the album's mix would be pushed back to May 2007, causing Wintersun's appearance at Ragnarök Festival that same month to be cancelled. A tentative release date for August 2007 was given.

On 17 April 2007, Mäenpää released a statement updating the status on the album, detailing that difficulties with hardware failures caused further delays in the recording process. The mix dates were cancelled, and because Laurenne's schedule at Sonic Pump Studios was full for the remainder of the year, the album's release was pushed back further. By this time, all guitars, including solos and acoustic, were recorded, and the intro was completed. Mäenpää had begun composing and arranging the synth layers, but stress and frustration had been hindering his creativity.

Hahto issued an update on 5 June 2008, explaining that the album's delay would be indefinite. Difficulties with computer hardware due to limited amount of RAM affected Mäenpää's ability to compose orchestrations in real time. However, the band appeared in Metalcamp in July 2008.

While technical difficulties pursued Wintersun into 2009, problems impeding the album's progress would eventually include Mäenpää's actual apartment. The increase in stress caused Mäenpää to have writer's block. Wintersun cancelled all 2009 promotional tours to focus solely on the album's completion.

On 17 November 2010, the Wintersun official homepage was updated stating that they would again be playing live shows. Three events, Metalfest, Bloodstock, and Metalcamp were announced. The reason stated for these shows was that a deal with their label provided money for new computer hardware in return for playing the shows.

On 16 March 2012, Wintersun announced via their official homepage that they would headline the Heidenfest Tour in October 2012. The band also stated that the mixing of their new album, Time, was going well and that a release was planned for late summer of the same year. They also stated that Time would be split in two albums. On 18 July 2012, Wintersun announced on their official homepage that part I of Time would be released on 12 October 2012. Time I was released a week later than anticipated on 19 October 2012. In support of the new album, Wintersun embarked on their first tour of North America, supporting Eluveitie along with Varg, starting in late November.

Mixing for Time II began in early 2013. The band stated the album "will continue where 'Time I' left [off]" and include seven guitar solos. The album was expected to be released in early 2014. In August 2013, Wintersun embarked on a second North American tour. Support was provided by fellow Nuclear Blast artists Fleshgod Apocalypse, Arsis, and Starkill, with Wintersun headlining.

On 29 January 2015, Wintersun announced via their official Facebook page that Kai Hahto would be unable to perform in upcoming live shows, due to his obligations to Nightwish. Timo Häkkinen was named as his temporary replacement for live performances. In November 2016, Wintersun announced that they were looking for a second guitarist for the band so Mäenpää could focus solely on vocals during live performances.

2017–2023: The Forest Seasons and lineup changes
On 4 January 2017, the band announced on their Facebook page that the recording for their third studio album was completed and that it would be released later that same year. The album is not going to be "Time II", but rather a new project. On 11 January 2017 the band announced the name of their third studio album, The Forest Seasons. On 1 March the band started a crowdfunding campaign on the Indiegogo platform, the first of three projected campaigns, aiming to raise funds for their own studio. The first campaign was successful, surpassing the minimum objective of 150,000 euro in a single day, and raising 464,330 euro in total.

On 17 August 2017, the band posted their future tour dates and notified fans that drummer, Kai Hahto, is still recovering from hand injuries and cannot tour. Hahto will be continuing his tour with Nightwish. Wintersun announced its new session drummer will be Rolf Pilve of Stratovarius.

On 15 July 2019, Hahto was announced as Nightwish's permanent drummer following Jukka Nevalainen's decision not to return to the band.

On 28 May 2021, Jukka Koskinen was revealed as Nightwish's session bass player for their world tour in 2021 and 2022. Koskinen was announced to have joined Nightwish as a full-time member on 21 August 2022.

On 4 May 2022, it was announced that session guitarist Asim Searah had departed the band.

On 28 November 2023, Teemu Mäntysaari was announced as a full member of Megadeth following the departure of Kiko Loureiro.

2024–present: Time II
On 12 January 2024, Wintersun announced on its social media that Time II is "100%" complete. Three days later, on 15 January 2024, the band announced that "the album release will happen in the late summer of 2024, the latest early fall" and a second crowdfunding campaign was also announced. On 9 February, the band revealed the track list and cover art for Time II. On 26 February, the band announced Time II will be released on 30 August. The band will also release a 12-disc boxset entitled the Time Package, containing alternate versions of tracks from Time II and The Forest Seasons, as well as five albums of early demo tracks for a planned four-album series.

Musical style
Wintersun is known for creative harmonies, fast tempos and both harsh and clean vocals. Although Mäenpää enjoys writing his music without limiting it to any genre, the band's myriad styles have been broadly described as power metal, folk metal, melodic death metal, neo-classical metal, and black metal. Mäenpää has spoken about the genre of Wintersun's music, and says "Well it´s difficult to put into a certain genre, cause there’s lots of variation. But to describe it, I would say something like: Extreme Majestic Technical Epic Melodic Metal." He has also stated "But it's really not death metal. It's very difficult even for me to label it, but if somebody would put a gun on my forehead, I would probably say something like Extreme Melodic Majestic Metal."

Current members

 * Jari Mäenpää − lead vocals, guitar, keyboards (2003–present, guitars are studio only since 2016), bass (2003−2004)
 * Kai Hahto − drums (2003–present; on hiatus since 2017)
 * Jukka Koskinen − bass, backing vocals (2004–present)
 * Teemu Mäntysaari − guitar, backing vocals (2004–present)

Current live members

 * Heikki Saari – drums (2018–present)

Former members

 * Oliver Fokin − guitar (2004)

Former live members

 * Timo Häkkinen − drums (2015–2016)
 * Asim Searah − rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2017–2022)
 * Rolf Pilve − drums (2017–2018)

Other releases

 * Winter Madness (2004) – demo
 * Wintersun: Tour Edition (2006) – live album
 * Live at Tuska Festival 2013 (2017) – live album
 * Time Package (2024) – 12-disc compilation boxset

Videography

 * "Beyond the Dark Sun" (2004) – music video
 * Live at Summer Breeze 2005 (2005) – DVD

title: Wintersun


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Teodors Abrams

Teodors Abrams was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE 3 votes to delete, 1 to keep. Postdlf 01:22, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Teodors Abrams
I have now combined Teodors Abrams also the other Latvian Airman into one group as per your suggestions, I also feel this is better as it cuts down on numerous links to different Airmen and now it appears tidier. I personally wish to thank the last two gentlemen for their kindness and their suggestions and apologise foe my earlier garrilous behaviour as being new to Wikipedia I thought I was being picked on. Thankyou....Robert Morritt

(This is getting boring now! Either delete it but do not procrastinate..This is my first experience of Wikipedia and I feel it stifles any enthusiasm for a person to contribute as you have "Too many Cooks" )...R.M.

Probably also spotted by LeeHunter when he added five obscure Latvian pilots on the VfD page yesterday; I guess LeeHunter might have thought at Teodors Abrams when writing a few of them are perhaps notable because of decorations.

Indeed this one is not so awfully non-notable than its predecessors, since, according to the article, he is supposed to be the most combat-experienced Latvian Airman in WWII (but is it really substantiated ?) and was recommended for a decoration he never received. The page looks better than the others, since somebody wikified it.

Nonetheless, I am in favour of deleting this one also. --French Tourist 15:59, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Weak delete: The article says that 80% of the squadron got the Iron Cross, and he was nominated for the cross on gold, but the squadron was disbanded. The only claim to individual notability, if you read it carefully, is that he had more flight time than anyone in that particular squadron.  Without further information, he is insufficiently notable, IMO.  Geogre 18:59, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: wrong side of the line. Wile E. Heresiarch 22:54, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * It is Hard to obtain this obscure information why cast it off ,in an off-hand manner? This IS information that others cannot obtain easily)

 * The Latvians are directly related to a Training School, very few Latvians ever flew so this group of Latvians represent a very scarce group of people and its directly related to Alex Vanags-Baginskis as he is the original Author of this rare group of people, I consider it significant rather than un-noteable and request re-instatement.(Thank you)

 * Robert Morritt

 * Information - This page was vandalized 19 Oct evening by 209.239.1.129 - see how the debate was rewritten by him at  --French Tourist 23:06, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Mark Pellington

Mark Pellington (born March 17, 1962) is an American film director, writer, and producer.

Life and career
Pellington was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the son of Bill Pellington, an All-Pro linebacker who played football with the Baltimore Colts for 12 seasons. Mark graduated from the University of Virginia in 1984, which he attended on an athletic scholarship, playing attack on the lacrosse team. He worked at MTV from 1984–1990, winning awards as a promo producer and creating the landmark TV documentary series Buzz (1990).

He became a freelance director in 1990, directing music videos for U2, Crystal Waters, De la Soul and Pearl Jam. His video for Pearl Jam's "Jeremy" won four MTV awards in 1993, including Best Director and Video of the Year, and his video for Whale's song "Hobo Humpin' Slobo Babe" won the inaugural MTV Europe Music Award for Best Video in 1994.

Pellington then began directing feature films, including Going All the Way (1997), starring Ben Affleck and Rachel Weisz, Arlington Road (1999), starring Tim Robbins and Jeff Bridges, as well as The Mothman Prophecies (2002), starring Richard Gere dealing with mysterious deaths foretold by a strange red-eyed flying creature, Mothman.

Pellington has also worked with such musical artists as Alice In Chains, Demi Lovato, Imagine Dragons, Foo Fighters, Nine Inch Nails, Cage the Elephant, Linkin Park, Echosmith, The Fray, Dave Matthews, Michael Jackson, Public Enemy, Moby, Flaming Lips, Damian Marley, Chelsea Wolfe and Bruce Springsteen. He also made cameo appearances in The Mothman Prophecies, Almost Famous, and Jerry Maguire. He directed the landmark mini-series The United States of Poetry for PBS in 1995, which won the INPUT (International Public Television) Award, and created the look of pilots for hit network TV shows including Blindspot, Red Widow and Cold Case, as well as numerous commercials and personal documentaries, art projects and personal short films.

Feature film-wise, he also co-directed U2 3D (2005), Henry Poole Is Here (2008), I Melt with You (2011), The Last Word (2017), starring Shirley MacLaine and Amanda Seyfried, and Nostalgia (2018), starring Jon Hamm, Ellen Burstyn, Catherine Keener and Bruce Dern.

title: Mark Pellington


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File:BalladofaSoldier2.jpg

image from: www.dvdtimes.co.uk/content.php?contentid=3563

Fair use rationale for Ballad of a Soldier
While the screenshot is not free I, Alex Bakharev (talk), believe that using a single screenshot from a film for the critical commentary in the article about itconstitutes fair use as described in the copyright law of the United States Alex Bakharev (talk) 06:48, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Zhanna Prokhorenko
While the screenshot is not free I, Alex Bakharev (talk), believe that using a single screenshot from the most notable of her roles in the article about the actress constitutes fair use as described in the copyright law of the United States Alex Bakharev (talk) 06:48, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

title: File:BalladofaSoldier2.jpg


text:
User:Alphax/Sandbox

__NEWSECTIONLINK__

Random junk
To notify of evilness: {{User:Mathx314/sig}} {{User:Anárion/sig}} {{User:Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason/Sig}} {{User:Rdsmith4/Sig}} {{User:Oven_Fresh/sig}} {{User:Flamurai/Signature}} {{User:Vacuum/sig}} {{User:Consequencefree/Sig}} {{User:Bkonrad/sig}} {{User:Freshgavin/sig}} {{User:Trödel/sig}}

Pi to 1,000,000 places

Things to rewrite

 * Sensitivity (electronics)
 * Noise figure
 * Third-order intercept point
 * Electronic selectivity
 * Intermodulation distortion

title: User:Alphax/Sandbox


text:
Talk:Infantry (video game)/Archive 1

Sony Modifications
Stop deleting this article to suit your own needs. This is getting ridiculous having to put information back in there.
 * Tag your comments. Assuming this is regarding FreeInfantry: The legality of that link hasn't been disussed yet. // 3R1C 22:16, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

POV Section
The "Funny Stuff" article his horribly POV. I'm removing it. Someone can feel free to edit it and make it less bias. I'd take care of it, but I'm dealing with a different article 3R1C 00:35, 5 November 2006 (UTC)

Critcism NPOV status
Criticism section is rather POV
 * agreed. removed because there isn't a legit piece of info in it 3R1C 02:21, 28 November 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism
Stop blanking out the free server links. 3R1C 13:24, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

More inaccuracies! ARG! Slowking, did you wrote this too? It's about as fauxed up as your SubSpace-wikipedia was! I'm not even going to bother to pick apart at this one. I dub you as mr. misinformation.

___________________________________________________________________ As a person present during pretty much the entire history of Infantry I would say this article is pretty accurate. What exactly do you see that is wrong?.

- Unit92 ____________________________________________________________________ Nice to see someones gone through the trouble. Could always have more details like the Subspace-wikipedia. Wish I had time for that =)

-ike ___________________________________________________________________ Laugh. As a person present during pretty much a hefty part of the history of Infantry and of SubSpace I would say that you are the biggest BIASED person around unit, and that your words don't worth their pixels. Out with yankee's drones already.

- Gravitron (first post was probably mine as well) ___________________________________________________________________ Grav you're not part of the infantry community and haven't been for a very long time, you know nothing of what has happened in years. Just because you don't like me doesn't negate the fact I know what's happened and what hasn't. -U92

____________________________________________________________________ Actually, I found this article lacking in the early history of Infantry. There aren't any credits for former staff of GameFan that helped out. Also there should be noted several zones and games developed in the past, run on official servers, but now do not exist. Otherwise it's mainly a snapshot of the present. -i88gerbils (that guy who flamed Infantry's moderation team on a regular basis :)

speculation
In October 2005, Weeks was laid off again, and it is largely speculated that the aforementioned decrease in user subscription is the reason for Weeks' removal.

According to who? Are there any sources to back that claim up? Statement was completely unencyclopedic and was removed. 11:27, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

Someone keeps deleting http://www.infinity-hq.com/ from the links section

They shouldn't, because the reason given "legality is questionable" is retarded. You can write whatever you want so long as it is factual on wikipedia.
 * That's hardly true at all // 3R1C 14:08, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

___________________________________________________________________

Deleting references to free infantry servers IS vandalism. Wikipedia is for the free exchange of information not for value judgements.

_______

title: Talk:Infantry (video game)/Archive 1


text:
Talk:Ibanez

Edits of KevinDK
The reverts of KevinDK with edit summary
 * "Reverted 1 edit by Kevindk identified as vandalism to last revision by 88.105.59.205. using TW)"

were unwarranted. I don't believe a human may identify these as vandalism, so I suspect you are too much relying on bots. If I am mistaken then know this: this was NOT vandalism. I strongly suggest you to review the policy WP:VAND. `'Miikka 16:08, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

Do not bite the newcomers `'Miikka 16:37, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

Please also see User talk:Kevindk for some explanations what was happening. `'Miikka 16:37, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

Pronunciation
I just held a post-it pad (with 'Ibanez' written on it) up to a Spanish expat work colleague, and she said "Ee-ban-yeth". I've been saying 'Eye-ban-ezz" for thirty years :-) ChrisRed 14:11, 6 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I generally hear people say "eye-ban-ezz", but I try to use authentic pronunciation as much as possible. Thanks!  --Varco 17:16, 6 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Listen to an Ibanez representative speak. If they say eye, than it is eye because it is their company.

Yes. In Japanese katakana script the pronunciation is 'eye-ban-ez' —Preceding unsigned comment added by F7s (talk • contribs) 03:35, 25 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I thought the name were a derivation of 'Ivan' and should therefore be pronounced like 'yvanez'.--92.75.5.74 (talk) 10:08, 2 May 2010 (UTC)

 * I speak Spanish. To be 'Ee-Ban-yeth', there would need to be a tilde above the 'n' to make it 'ny'. But there isn't, so the correct pronunciation is therefore 'Ee-ban-eth'. Not 'Eye-ban-ezz'. Still, who cares. Damned nice axes. Worth at least twice what they retail for. Never met a bad one....5.81.28.40 (talk) 20:40, 5 September 2015 (UTC)

RG Picture
Can't someone get a better picture in place of that terrible shot of the RG? 41.240.16.158 05:39, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

I made one for the Ibanez RG page. Feel free to relocate it if you want Foreeye 09:30, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

I uploaded a much better picture for the RG. --CantoV (talk) 05:44, 21 October 2009 (UTC)

model cn 200
does anyone know about what this quitar sold for? I know this is the concert series and cn250 being the top line. mine says f87 but I thought they stopped this series in 78. Any info on what they sold for in 87 and if the value is increasing would be very helpful.

Fred —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.226.40.229 (talk) 00:48, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

Vandalism
The Ibanez wiki page is getting messed with by dorks from time to time writing pointless things like "Fel fel fel fel fel/ Står mest bara en massa fel här" and eliminating whole Ibanez sections like the model sections. I suggest to all the Ibanez page vandals to not bother and get a life as a lot of people look in at the Ibanez page and your stupidity will be very quickly undone.

Guitarspecs (talk) 13:21, 8 January 2008 (UTC)

Reverted random text...
Whoever did this, please remember that useless filler edits should be done in the Sandbox, not in an established article. The text was just the headline text, represented by "==This==". If one would like to do such experimental edits, just please do them in the Sandbox instead of on this article! That would be called "vandalism" here. Thanks.

 * 1) Fishdert 20:13, 26 September 2008 (UTC)

Guitar serial numbers
I have an EX140 electric that I bought new in 1988. Its serial number is P802535. This breaks the PYYMMXXXX template. Perhaps the leading 8 means 1988? I'd like to add this to the serial number section. -- Monkeymaker (talk) 04:26, 13 January 2009 (UTC)

JS models are NOT S-series
The S-series sections needs revision. The Joe Satriani model is not an S guitar. It is in fact a Radius (discontinued after the JS model was a success) - 540R. Big difference in body shape, as I'm sure you already know. While the silhouette is similar, the body contours are vastly different. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.18.156.195 (talk) 21:49, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

I went ahead and took care of it.

Info removal
I removed the serial number sections because it's rather obviously fancruft and original research, but I thought I would leave this note here just in case someone wanted to comment on it.

I also question the need for the lengthy product explanations for models/series with their own articles. Seems unnecessary.  Mbinebri  talk ← 04:06, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

Error in the "Artist" section
The Artist series did not only include solid body guitars, there where also semi hollowbody models - I just added a foto proof of a AS200.--NSX-Racer (talk) 13:47, 12 August 2009 (UTC)

Lawsuit
From my own research I've learned there are as many different answers to the Lawsuit question as there are questions. How certain are you that there actually was a lawsuit from Norlin against Hoshino USA? Once I got past everyone simply copying everyone else's answers from the web, it appears there was never any lawsuit filed by Norlin/Gisbon against Hoshino USA or Hoshino-Gakki. The Ibanez headstock redesign preempted any lawsuits from Norlin/Gibson. I believe one of the American manufacturers did file suit (Fender, perhaps?) but I don't think it was Norlin. —Preceding unsigned comment added by TheDestroyerGuy (talk • contribs) 16:02, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

 * That's a pretty big deal. Certainly the only citation in the "lawsuit" section doesn't really inspire a lot of confidence.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 206.248.177.33 (talk) 10:19, 25 January 2010 (UTC)

The Lawsuit dates and court case has been documented Guitarspecs (talk) 08:43, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

Help
This article seriously needs help, either from someone from the Guitar Work Group, or even a dedicated editor! I simply don't have the time- stretched too thin. --Leahtwosaints (talk) 11:40, 23 September 2009 (UTC)

 * I started working on it. I cut down a lot of areas of the article because most of them have their own page with all the information and left only small concise descriptions. I also fixed some inconsistencies, punctuation, and grammar. Soon I'll be adding some more sources and citation then summarizing the history section and cutting it down a bit. The model lists are rather long, does anything think it would be a good idea to put them in drop down table menus? --CantoV (talk) 08:34, 30 November 2009 (UTC)

I went ahead and put the models into collapsible tables, I think it's much cleaner. --CantoV (talk) 19:03, 30 November 2009 (UTC)

A lot of Ibanez owners want to know about serial number dates. Why not put the serial number section into a collapsible table instead of just deleting it. The serial numbers are not junk and tie in with the Ibanez manufacturing history and are sourced from Jim Donahue, the author of the Hoshino book Ibanez, The Untold Story and also from Nisshin Onpa (Maxon). Guitarspecs (talk) 08:45, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

 * There's a link to a serial number decoder in the links section making the whole serial numbers section uncessessary. If you want you can just put the link there in the serial numbers section for easier access. Is that a better solution? Overall I still like the collapsible tables, it makes it easier to navigate. CantoV   |talk  09:41, 4 April 2010 (UTC)

BTB short for Boutique Bass?
When I read the Ibanez catalogue, the BTB series is referred to as Boutique Bass. Is it worth to include it though? --92.75.5.74 (talk) 10:09, 2 May 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Ibanez PM120

The article Ibanez PM120 has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * A search for references found only a single published (gBooks) mention of the subject, fails WP:N and WP:V

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. JeepdaySock (AKA, Jeepday) 11:43, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Working on this page.
So yeah haven't touched this page for three years and decided to start cleaning it up and making it look at least half way decent. I started on the Solid Body Guitars section. If anyone can help by continuing this style and make this page great so we can get it reviewed and get a higher grade!!!! CantoV  |talk   —Preceding undated comment added 17:04, 12 May 2012 (UTC).

Citation fixes
The parameters "work" are their value have been "remmed out" in a number of web cites because they cause an internal error and the original editors' intentions wered not clear.-- Georgia Army Vet  Contribs  Talk  18:35, 26 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ibanez


text:
Ballad of a Soldier

Ballad of a Soldier (Баллада о солдате, Ballada o soldate), is a 1959 Soviet war romance film directed by Grigory Chukhray and starring Vladimir Ivashov and Zhanna Prokhorenko. While set during World War II, Ballad of a Soldier is not primarily a war film. It recounts, within the context of the turmoil of war, various kinds of love: the romantic love of a young couple, the committed love of a married couple, and a mother's love of her child, as a Red Army soldier tries to make it home during a leave, meeting several civilians on his way and falling in love. The film was produced at Mosfilm and won several awards, including the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.

Plot
A middle-aged farm woman walks through her village and gazes down a country road. A voiceover reveals that her son was killed in the war and buried in a foreign land.

On the Eastern Front, nineteen-year-old Private Alyosha Skvortsov (Vladimir Ivashov) single-handedly destroys two attacking German tanks, more out of self-preservation than bravery. His commanding general wants to give him a decoration, but Alyosha asks instead for a leave to see his mother and to repair the leaking roof of their home. He is given six days.

During his journey, he sees the devastation the war has wrought on the country and meets various people. When the jeep Alyosha is riding gets stuck in the mud, Private Pavlov helps push it out. As Alyosha will be passing through his home city, Pavlov persuades him to take a present to Pavlov's wife. Pavlov's sergeant reluctantly parts with two bars of soap, the entire supply for their platoon.

At the train station, Alyosha helpfully carries the suitcase of Vasya, a soldier discharged because he has lost a leg. Vasya does not want to go home, as he would be a burden to his wife, and their relationship had already been troubled. However, he changes his mind and is welcomed with open arms by the loving woman.

When he attempts to board a freight car of an army supply train, Alyosha is stopped by Gavrilkin, a sentry. However, a bribe of a can of beef eases Gavrilkin's fear of his lieutenant, a "beast". Shura (Zhanna Prokhorenko) later sneaks aboard as well, but when she sees him, she becomes frightened and tries to jump off the speeding train. Alyosha stops her from risking her life. She tells him she is going to see her fiancé, a pilot who is recuperating in a hospital. As the days pass, she loses her fear and mistrust of him. Gavrilkin spots the civilian stowaway, forcing Alyosha to bribe him anew. When the lieutenant discovers the unauthorized passengers, he lets them remain aboard and even makes Gavrilkin return the bribe.

At one stop, Alyosha gets out to fetch some water, but the train leaves without him. Frantic, he gets a lift to the next station from an old woman truck driver. He is too late; the train has already departed. However, Shura got off and is waiting for him. The couple then go to see Pavlov's wife. They discover that she is living with another man and leave. Alyosha returns, takes back the soap he had given her, and gives it instead to Pavlov's invalid father.

When they finally part, Shura confesses she lied; there was no fiancé, only an aunt. Alyosha realizes too late, after his train departs, that when Shura said she had no one, she was telling him that she loves him. His train is stopped by a blown-up bridge and set on fire by German bombers. With time running out, Alyosha rafts across the river and persuades another truck driver to give him a ride to his rural village, Sosnovka. He gets to see his mother only for a few minutes before having to make his way back to his unit. His mother vows to wait for him. The voiceover tells us that while he could have gone far in life if he had lived, he will always be remembered simply as a Russian soldier.

Cast

 * Vladimir Ivashov as Private Alyosha Skvortsov
 * Zhanna Prokhorenko as Shura
 * Antonina Maksimova as Alyosha's mother
 * Nikolai Kryuchkov as the general
 * Yevgeni Urbansky as Vasya
 * Elza Lezhdey as Vasya's wife
 * Aleksandr Kuznetsov as Gavrilkin
 * Yevgeni Teterin as The lieutenant
 * Valentina Markova as Liza (Pavlov's wife)
 * Marina Kremnyova as Zoya (neighbor girl)
 * Vladimir Pokrovsky as Pavlov's invalid father
 * Georgi Yumatov as Sergeant giving bars of soap
 * Gennadi Yukhtin as Private Seryozha Pavlov
 * Valentina Telegina as Old woman truck driver
 * Lev Borisov as Joking soldier on train
 * Yevgeny Yevstigneyev as Truck driver

The two lead actors, Ivashov and Prokhorenko, were both only nineteen years old and did not have much acting experience. Grigory Chukhray commented on his casting choice:

We took a big risk. It was risky to give the main roles to quite inexperienced actors. Not many would have done so in those times, but we ventured and did not regret afterwards. Volodya and Zhanna gave the most precious colouring to the film, that is, the spontaneity and charm of youth.

Both would go on to long careers in cinema.

Production
According to Robert Osborne, the primary host of Turner Classic Movies, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev was a fan of the director, so Chukray was given more leeway than normal.

Reception
Ballad of a Soldier was released on December 1, 1959, in the Soviet Union and sold 30.1 million tickets at screenings.

The film was released in the United States in 1960 as part of a Soviet-American film exchange during a thaw in the Cold War. Other films shown in the US as part of this cultural exchange included The Cranes Are Flying (1957) and Fate of a Man (1959). The film received considerable praise for both its technical craft and its strong, yet subtle story. Viewed from the earnestness and unabashed youthfulness of the protagonist, the film was hailed as an instant classic by Soviet and American critics. The New York Times reviewer Bosley Crowther applauded Chukray's ability to make the film "flow in such a swift, poetic way that the tragedy of it is concealed by a gentle lyric quality." He also noted the "two splendid performances" by Ivashov and Prokhorenko.

The film received the Lenin Prize in 1961, as did its director and producer.

Awards

 * 1960 Cannes Film Festival - Special jury prize
 * 5th San Francisco International Film Festival, 1960 - Golden Gate Award for Best Film and Golden Gate Award for Best Director
 * BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source, 1961
 * Bodil Awards for Best European Film, 1961
 * Nomination for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay (1961) – Grigory Chukhray and Valentin Yezhov

title: Ballad of a Soldier


text:
C. H. Waddington

Conrad Hal Waddington (8 November 1905 – 26 September 1975) was a British developmental biologist, paleontologist, geneticist, embryologist and philosopher who laid the foundations for systems biology, epigenetics, and evolutionary developmental biology.

Although his theory of genetic assimilation had a Darwinian explanation, leading evolutionary biologists including Theodosius Dobzhansky and Ernst Mayr considered that Waddington was using genetic assimilation to support so-called Lamarckian inheritance, the acquisition of inherited characteristics through the effects of the environment during an organism's lifetime.

Waddington had wide interests that included poetry and painting, as well as left-wing political leanings. In his book The Scientific Attitude (1941), he touched on political topics such as central planning, and praised Marxism as a "profound scientific philosophy".

Life
Conrad Waddington, known as "Wad" to his friends and "Con" to family, was born in Evesham to Hal and Mary Ellen (Warner) Waddington, on 8 November 1905.

His family moved to India and until nearly three years of age, Waddington lived in India, where his father worked on a tea estate in the Wayanad district of Kerala. In 1910, at the age of four, he was sent to live with family in England including his aunt, uncle, and Quaker grandmother. His parents remained in India until 1928. During his childhood, he was particularly attached to a local druggist and distant relation, Dr. Doeg. Doeg, whom Waddington called "Grandpa", introduced Waddington to a wide range of sciences from chemistry to geology. During the year following the completion of his entrance exams to university, Waddington received an intense course in chemistry from E. J. Holmyard. Aside from being "something of a genius of a [chemistry] teacher," Holmyard introduced Waddington to the "Alexandrian Gnostics" and the "Arabic Alchemists." From these lessons in metaphysics, Waddington first gained an appreciation for interconnected holistic systems. Waddington reflected that this early education prepared him for Alfred North Whitehead's philosophy in the 1920s and 30s and the cybernetics of Norbert Wiener and others in the 1940s.

He attended Clifton College and Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge. He took the Natural Sciences Tripos, earning a First in Part II in geology in 1926. In 1928, he was awarded an Arnold Gerstenberg Studentship in the University of Cambridge, whose purpose was to promote "the study of Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics among students of Natural Science, both men and women." He took up a Lecturership in Zoology and was a Fellow of Christ's College until 1942. His friends included Gregory Bateson, Walter Gropius, C. P. Snow, Solly Zuckerman, Joseph Needham, and John Desmond Bernal. His interests began with palaeontology but moved on to the heredity and development of living things. He also studied philosophy.

During World War II he was involved in operational research with the Royal Air Force and became scientific advisor to the Commander in Chief of Coastal Command from 1944 to 1945.

After the war, in 1947, he replaced Francis Albert Eley Crew as Professor of Animal Genetics at the University of Edinburgh. He would stay at Edinburgh for the rest of life with the exception of one year (1960–1961) when he was a Fellow on the faculty in the Center for Advanced Studies at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut. His personal papers are largely kept at the University of Edinburgh library.

He died in Edinburgh on 26 September 1975.

Family
Waddington was married twice. His first marriage produced a son, C. Jake Waddington, professor of physics at the University of Minnesota, but ended in 1936. He then married architect Margaret Justin Blanco White, daughter of the writer Amber Reeves, with whom he had two daughters, the anthropologist Caroline Humphrey (1943–) and mathematician Dusa McDuff (1945–).

Evolution
In the early 1930s, Waddington and many other embryologists looked for the molecules that would induce the amphibian neural tube. The search was beyond the technology of that time, and most embryologists moved away from such deep problems. Waddington, however, came to the view that the answers to embryology lay in genetics, and in 1935 went to Thomas Hunt Morgan's Drosophila laboratory in California, even though this was a time when most embryologists felt that genes were unimportant and just played a role in minor phenomena such as eye colour.

In the late 1930s, Waddington produced formal models about how gene regulatory products could generate developmental phenomena, showed how the mechanisms underpinning Drosophila development could be studied through a systematic analysis of mutations that affected the development of the Drosophila wing. In a period of great creativity at the end of the 1930s, he also discovered mutations that affected cell phenotypes and wrote his first textbook of "developmental epigenetics", a term that then meant the external manifestation of genetic activity.

Waddington introduced the concept of canalisation, the ability of an organism to produce the same phenotype despite variation in genotype or environment. He also identified a mechanism called genetic assimilation which would allow an animal's response to an environmental stress to become a fixed part of its developmental repertoire, and then went on to show that the mechanism would work.

In 1972, Waddington founded the Centre for Human Ecology in the University of Edinburgh.

Epigenetic landscape
Waddington's epigenetic landscape is a metaphor for how gene regulation modulates development. Among other metaphors, Waddington asks us to imagine a number of marbles rolling down a hill. The marbles will sample the grooves on the slope, and come to rest at the lowest points. These points represent the eventual cell fates, that is, tissue types. Waddington coined the term chreode to represent this cellular developmental process. The idea was based on experiment: Waddington found that one effect of mutation (which could modulate the epigenetic landscape) was to affect how cells differentiated. He also showed how mutation could affect the landscape, and used this metaphor in his discussions on evolution—he emphasised (like Ernst Haeckel before him) that evolution mainly occurred through mutations that affected developmental anatomy.

Genetic assimilation

Waddington proposed an evolutionary process, "genetic assimilation", as a Darwinian mechanism that allows certain acquired characteristic to become heritable. According to Navis, (2007) "Waddington focused his genetic assimilation work on the crossveinless trait of Drosophila. This trait occurs with high frequency in heat-treated flies. After a few generations, the trait can be found in the population, without the application of heat, based on hidden genetic variation that Waddington asserted had been "assimilated".

Neo-Darwinism versus Lamarckism
Waddington's theory of genetic assimilation was controversial. The evolutionary biologists Theodosius Dobzhansky and Ernst Mayr both thought that Waddington was using genetic assimilation to support Lamarckian inheritance. They denied that genetic assimilation had taken place, and asserted that Waddington had simply observed the natural selection of genetic variants that already existed in the study population. Other biologists such as Wallace Arthur disagree, writing that "genetic assimilation, looks, but is not Lamarckian. It is a special case of the evolution of phenotypic plasticity". Adam S. Wilkins wrote that "[Waddington] in his lifetime... was widely perceived primarily as a critic of Neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory. His criticisms ... were focused on what he saw as unrealistic, 'atomistic' models of both gene selection and trait evolution." In particular, according to Wilkins, Waddington felt that the Neo-Darwinians badly neglected the phenomenon of extensive gene interactions and that the "randomness" of mutational effects, posited in the theory, was false. Even though Waddington became critical of the neo-darwinian synthetic theory of evolution, he still described himself as a Darwinian, and called for an extended evolutionary synthesis based on his research. Reviewing the debate in 2015, the systems biologist Denis Noble writes however that

"[Waddington] did not describe himself as a Lamarckian, but by revealing mechanisms of inheritance of acquired characteristics, I think he should be regarded as such. The reason he did not do so is that Lamarck could not have conceived of the processes that Waddington revealed. Incidentally, it is also true to say that Lamarck did not invent the idea of the inheritance of acquired characteristics. But, whether historically correct or not, we are stuck today with the term 'Lamarckian' for inheritance of a characteristic acquired through an environmental influence."

As an organiser
Waddington was very active in advancing biology as a discipline. He contributed to a book on the role of the sciences in times of war, and helped set up several professional bodies representing biology as a discipline.

A remarkable number of his contemporary colleagues in Edinburgh became Fellows of the Royal Society during his time there, or shortly thereafter. Waddington was an old-fashioned intellectual who lived in both the arts and science milieus of the 1950s and wrote widely. His 1969 book Behind Appearance; a Study of the Relations Between Painting and the Natural Sciences in This Century (MIT press) not only has wonderful pictures but is still worth reading. Waddington was, without doubt, the most original and important thinker about developmental biology of the pre-molecular age and the medal of the British Society for Developmental Biology is named after him.

Waddington co-founded The Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities at the University of Edinburgh in 1969 with Professor John MacQueen, Professor of Scottish Literature and Oral Tradition.

Books

 * Waddington, C. H. (1939). An Introduction to Modern Genetics. London : George Alien & Unwin.
 * ––– (1940). Organisers & Genes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
 * ––– and others (1942). Science and Ethics, George Allen & Unwin.
 * ––– (1946). How Animals Develop. London : George Allen & Unwin.
 * ––– (1948). The Scientific Attitude, Pelican Books
 * ––– (1953). The Epigenetics of birds. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
 * ––– (1956). Principles of Embryology. London : George Allen & Unwin.
 * ––– (1957). The Strategy of the Genes. London : George Allen & Unwin.
 * ––– (1959). Biological Organisation Cellular and Subcellular : Proceedings of a Symposium. London: Pergamon Press.
 * ––– (1960). The Ethical Animal. London : George Allen & Unwin.
 * ––– (1961). The Human Evolutionary System. In: Michael Banton (Ed.), Darwinism and the Study of Society. London: Tavistock.
 * ––– (1961). The Nature of Life. London : George, Allen, & Unwin.
 * ––– (1962). New Patterns in Genetics and Development. New York: Columbia University Press.
 * ––– (1966). Principles of Development and Differentiation. New York: Macmillan Company.
 * ––– (1970). 72). Behind Appearance : A Study in the Relationship Between Painting and the Natural Sciences in this Century. The MIT Press.
 * –––, ed. (1968–72). Towards a Theoretical Biology. 4 vols. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
 * –––, Kenny, A., Longuet-Higgins, H.C., Lucas, J.R. (1972). The Nature of Mind, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (1971-3 Gifford Lectures in Edinburgh, online)
 * –––, Kenny, A., Longuet-Higgins, H. C., Lucas, J. R. (1973). The Development of Mind, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (1971-3 Gifford Lectures in Edinburgh, online)
 * ––– (1973) O.R. in World War 2: Operational Research Against the U-Boat. London: Elek Science.
 * –––, & Jantsch, E. (Eds.). (1976). (published posthumously). Evolution and Consciousness: Human Systems in Transition. Addison-Wesley.
 * ––– (1977) (published posthumously). Tools for Thought. London: Jonathan Cape.

Papers

 * Waddington, C. H. (1942). Canalization of development and the inheritance of acquired characters. Nature 150 (3811):563–565.
 * --- (1946). Human Ideals and Human Progress. World Review August:29-36.
 * ––– & Carter T. C. (1952). Malformations in mouse embryos induced by trypan blue. Nature 169 (4288):27-28.
 * ––– (1952). Selection of the Genetic Basis for an Acquired Character. Nature 169 (4294):278.
 * ––– (1953). Genetic assimilation of an acquired character. Evolution 7:118–126.
 * ––– (1953). Epigenetics and evolution. Symposia of the Society of Experimental Biology 7:186–199.
 * ––– (1956). Genetic assimilation of the bithorax phenotype. Evolution 10:1–13.
 * ––– (1961). Genetic assimilation. Advances in Genetics 10:257–290.
 * ––– (1974). A Catastrophe Theory of Evolution. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 231:32–42.
 * ––– (1977).(published posthumously). Whitehead and Modern Science. Mind in Nature: The Interface of Science and Philosophy. Ed. John B. Cobb and David R. Griffin. University Press of America.

title: C. H. Waddington