text:
America³

America$3$ (pronounced "America Cubed") is the name of both a syndicate that vied for the America's Cup in 1992 and 1995 and its boats.

1992 Cup victory
The program was operated by Bill Koch and Harry "Buddy" Melges in the 1992 America's Cup. After winning the Defender Series, America$3$ defeated the Italian challenger Il Moro di Venezia to successfully defend the Cup.

The yacht, named America³, was built by Goetz Custom Sailboats Inc. in Rhode Island and the carbon fiber mast package was built by the Offshore Spars Co. in Michigan.

1995 Cup defense
In 1995, Bill Koch revamped the program to begin the first nearly all-female, America's Cup boat. America$3$'s successor, Mighty Mary, was on her way to a race-off with Young America, the boat of the third syndicate that year, to determine who went through to the 1995 America's Cup, in the lead of what ended up being the last race of the Defender Series over Stars & Stripes. But with a commanding lead of nearly 5 minutes, Dave Dellenbaugh (the only man on the otherwise all-female crew) committed a crucial tactical error and Stars & Stripes skipper Dennis Conner made a series of moves to beat Mighty Mary to the finish line by scant seconds. After winning the Defender Series, Conner opted to use Young America to defend the cup, losing to Team New Zealand, 5–0.

1995 team

 * Jenifer (J.J.) Isler (San Diego, California)
 * Ann Nelson (San Diego, California)
 * Elizabeth (Lisa) Charles (Provincetown, Rhode Island)
 * Hannah Swett (Jamestown, Rhode Island)
 * Joan Lee Touchette (Newport, Rhode Island)
 * Shelley Beattie (Malibu, California)
 * Stephanie Armitage-Johnson (Auburn, Washington)
 * Dawn Riley (Detroit, Michigan)
 * Merritt Carey (Tenants Harbor, Maine)
 * Amy Baltzell (Wellesley, Massachusetts)
 * Courtenay Becker (The Dalles, Oregon)
 * Sarah Bergeron (Middletown, New Jersey)
 * Sarah Cavanagh (Denver, Colorado)
 * Leslie Egnot (born in South Carolina but moved to Auckland, New Zealand)
 * Christie Evans (Marblehead, Massachusetts)
 * Diana Klybert (Annapolis, Maryland)
 * Susanne (Suzy) Leech Nairn (Annapolis, Maryland)
 * Linda Lindquist (Chicago, Illinois)
 * Stephanie Maxwell-Pierson (Somerville, New Jersey)
 * Jane Oetking (Rockwell, Texas)
 * Merritt Palm (Fort Lauderdale, Florida)
 * Katherine (Katie) Pettibone (Coral Gables, Florida)
 * Marci Porter (Oarton, Virginia)
 * Melissa Purdy (Tiburon, California)

title: America³


text:
Talk:Liang Qichao

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 1 September 2020 and 22 December 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Zeqin. Peer reviewers: AbRoseD98, JiayiHannahMa, Littlemissgemini.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 02:32, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
0101TRANc,may I ask you how to add a photo on the page? I tried a lot of times and the system show that"upload successful",but the photo still doesn't appear on the page,which upsets me a lot.

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If it says "upload successful," then it should work. Are you sure you are using the right file name when you try to edit the page to add it? The file name is also case-sensitive. Have you looked at Wikipedia's page on how to add images? It's at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_FAQ#How_can_I_put_pictures_on_my_pages.3F

Hope that helps! :)  0101Tranc

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Thank you!You see, I have successfully added some photos today :)

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You're welcome! Glad it worked. I like the photos!!! =) 0101Tranc

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For the photos, I think maybe all of them should be credited/cited... I cited the sources for the ones I put up so maybe we can do that for the others too.

I put the caption back on the portrait pic because it disappeared after it got enlarged. I kept the size that it got enlarged to because I didn't think I had a good reason to change its size so I just added the caption, but I did kind of like the smaller size for the portrait more....:) 0101TRANc 15:09, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)0101Tranc

I think this article has the potential to become featured if you guys keep up the good work. -spencer195 03:58, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)

To the person that added the section on Liang's fiction writings - Are you sure those novels are fictions? The titles sound non-fiction so I just wanted to make sure. :) 0101TRANc 19:54, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)0101Tranc

Spencer195- do you think it'd be a good idea for us to nominate it yet? =D 0101TRANc 19:57, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)0101Tranc

I think the article could still use some more cleaning, expansion, and fact-checking before it's nominated. On Monday I will go to the library and take out some books on Liang Qichao to see if I can expand the article some more too. Other improvements we could make are:
 * Image:LiangQichaoMemorial.jpg has no copyright information. See Copyrights.
 * Expand the intro section
 * Adding some pictures of his newspapers (if we can find them)
 * Explain the significance of his quote "Freedom means freedom for the group, not freedom for the individual. ...".

-spencer195 22:11, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Why did he call it Yinbingshi???
Somebody please find out why Liang called his collection of works Yinbingshi and called himself the host! I am dying of curiousity! make sure your graphics compliment your text (watch out for placement!) keep up the good work. rewrite, edit, rewrite!(JMSC0101-TA) Lfcho 14:18, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)

It's drawn from a quote from the Zhuangzi: 今吾朝受命而夕饮冰，吾其内热与. The gist is because I have been ordered to serve the nation I must drink ice to cool the heat that my worry for people inspires. Liang is signalling his concern for the country and people. I was tempted to delete the phrase claiming his epithet "literally" means "host" (sic) of the Yinbing House because it doesn't - "Master of the Ice-Drinking Studio" would be better but in any case there's really no such thing as a "literal" translation of this sort of allusion. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 123.115.189.185 (talk) 13:04, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

Can someone please tell me what this means:
"After failing to pass the examination for advocating reform in his paper..."

So his examination was a paper about reform? I'm confused...it'd be great if someone could clarify..thanks!! 0101TRANc 17:07, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)0101Tranc

Under contributions to journalism, I am also not sure what this means: "He became the powerful modern form of the political and cultural journalist by writing new forms of periodical journals." 0101TRANc0101Tranc

Added the section "Liang and The Elements of Journalism"
Yeah, I know its a bit late to add new material...but I felt that bringing in Kovach's Elements of Journalism helps readers of the article gain a better understanding of what kind of journalist Liang was. I feel that it also helps put into context how Liang's journalistic works were indeed revolutionary and how he helped to raise the bar for journalists to follow. Please feel free to edit or even remove if you see fit. ~0101YIPd

PS somehow when I added this section I got logged out without notification, so I'm "218.103.197.186: in case anyone was wondering.

Advice about the new section "Liang and The Elements of Journalism"
I also heard that there is similar section related with The Elements of Journalism in other groups. But, our tutor seems not prefer such kind of 'analysis'. I know, 0101YIPd, you made a great efforts for the section. But, I still hope you can consider what I say. Maybe, it would be better to cut this section out or cut it shorter?

-well it's not just my section anymore, it seems to have merged with an earlier section. I don't mind removing it tho, if you all feel that it's inappropriate. ~0101YIPd

Hey y'all. I think the new section is good because initially, under "Commitment to Journalistic Principles," we basically talked about the same things but used quotes that represented Liang's ideals but didn't strongly back them up with evidence. So, that's why I merged the two sections and added YIPd's "evidence" to complement things we previously had in "Commitment to Journalistic Principles." 0101Tranc

Fair use rationale for Image:Freedom statment in Yinbingshi.jpg
Image:Freedom statment in Yinbingshi.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 20:28, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Quote:The reforms that were sponsored by the imperial government were too little and too late. A drastic change was necessary. The idea of overthrowing the Manchus was suggested by Liang Ch'i-ch'ao in his concept of hsin min (new people). Publishing a magazine in Japan, where he had fled after the Hundred Days, Liang called for the Chinese people to renew themselves and also indicated that the Chinese nation was distinct and separate from the ruling dynasty of the Manchus. Although he did not advocate overthrowing the dynasty, the message was quickly picked up by the more radical leaders who were already leaning toward revolution.Unquoted. I think the above comment should be included.http://acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~phalsall/texts/chinhist.html Arilang1234 (talk) 21:44, 17 October 2008 (UTC)

Issue and descendants
I don't think it is relevant to mention all his grandsons, the wifes of his sons... What do you think about this ? --ChiuTaitai (talk) 21:34, 16 October 2011 (UTC)

Cantonese and Mandarin
Liang Qichao and his issues with Cantonese and Mandarin.

251 252 257

http://books.google.com/books?ei=TRCmTvqWGqrj0QGbxa2HDg&ct=result&id=wg1xAAAAMAAJ&dq=jiang+huai+cantonese+mandarin+speak+emperor&q=cantonese

Rajmaan (talk) 23:30, 13 October 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20041026052237/http://www.foshan.gov.cn/english/01_charmcity/02_lsmc/02_ldmr_12_ky.htm to http://www.foshan.gov.cn/english/01_charmcity/02_lsmc/02_ldmr_12_ky.htm

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Jinshi
The infox says that he had jinshi level education, but the text says he actually failed the exam. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.0.156.165 (talk) 09:34, 24 February 2019 (UTC)

To add to article
To add to this article: some information about Liang's 1902 utopian novel The Future of New China, which envisioned China as a technologically advanced, democratic superpower in 1962. 173.88.246.138 (talk) 06:35, 6 May 2020 (UTC)

(1 year later) To add to this article: some information about Liang's 1902 utopian novel The Future of New China, which envisioned China as a technologically advanced, democratic superpower in 1962. 173.88.246.138 (talk) 03:57, 2 February 2022 (UTC)

Add three sentences in the article
In the article, I add three sentences. In the lead, I emphasize Liang Qichao’s thought had influence in Modern China. In the section of As a journalist, I add he had published works in New Youth, and I think this was important to show his experience as a journalist. In the section of Educator, I add his views and ways of education. I think it can show his ideas in different aspect. User:Zeqin/Liang_QichaoZeqin (talk) 04:36, 20 November 2020 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Liang Qichao


text:
Check verification service

A check verification service provides businesses or individuals with either the ability to check the validity of the actual check or draft being presented, or the ability to verify the history of the account holder, or both.

There are a number of different methods that can be used to provide the service, these include checking different databases with negative or account history, checking that routing and account numbers are valid using algorithms, or contacting the bank that issued the check to get confirmation about the account status.

Business
Check verification services have been most common in the United States, in Europe a cheque guarantee system operated for a number of years that could be used by merchants until the usage of cheques declined to the point where it was no longer necessary. Outside the United States the decline in check usage in favour of debit cards and credit cards has meant that cheques are rarely accepted by merchants thus rendering cheque verification services obsolete. In the United States, there are a number of third-party companies that provide check verification services.

Some banks bundle a level of this service with a business checking account or with a bank credit card acceptance program. Check verification companies will often offer one, two, or all of the different services in their own system. Some check verification services also offer collection agency service for the civil prosecution of check fraud.

Verification methods
Check verification services can use a number of different methods or may combine a number to verify the validity of a check.

Negative check database
A negative check database contains a comprehensive list of people who either wrote a bad check at a retail location, paid a bill with a check that was returned, also called "bouncing a check".

Historical data check verification services that use a national network with a negative check database can be difficult for consumers and businesses to remove themselves from once they get on, even in the case of errors.

These databases are often bundled with "check guarantee" services like ChexSystems. This leaves companies that use historical data reliant systems in a position of sometimes denying customers that have a valid check, but managed to get on the negative check database.

This type of verification is usually linked to the person writing the check and runs the verification using their driver's license number. This type of information is a valuable tool for loss prevention because it identifies historically or habitual check bouncers who are more likely to re-offend. Negative check database systems can cause customer service issues between retailers and their own customers, because there is no limit to the time period that is considered.

Account history database
The account history database offers a database with historical data on the account itself, and not just the person writing the check. This type of system keeps records of the account number for all checks that don't clear and can tell if that particular checking account has had returns in the past.

Because this type of system is based on the history of all checks written against the account, it can provide valuable information, just like the negative check database except the information is not based on the identity of the person writing the check.

This is particularly valuable for taking business checks or company checks because often the identity of the person writing the check has little to do with the company check. In the account history database, a good account with no flags would receive full approval, regardless of the status of the employee who writes the check because identity is not verified.

Account current status verification
There is also a checking account validation network that can poll the results of the actual bank account to get the current status from the bank. Newer systems provide a result that is based on the bank account's actual status provided by the bank as of that business banking day are increasing in popularity for companies that take checks by phone, manage monthly check payments, or automatic billing with bank drafts, or who process ACH transactions received by phone or for monthly billing.

Account status verification systems give you the status of the account as of the beginning of the business banking day. They tell you if there is an open active account at that bank and if the check is likely to clear. Status messages such as closed account, NSF, stop payment or invalid account can help determine if a check or ACH transaction will be good.

The results are based on account validity, so there is no way to know if the check will actually clear when it is presented, or if the exact dollar amount is going to be available.

This type of system is used less at retail establishments, and more for companies that do checks by phone sales, monthly check drafting, monthly billing via ACH and online sales. It reduces the number of bad payments that are deposited due to human error, fraud or account status.

Merchant funds verification
Often called "verifying funds" or "merchant funds verification", it was common practice until the mid-2000s that any business or individual could call the bank where the check was drawn and ask for check verification. The bank would ask for the account number, the name on the check, the amount and the check number and just look up the account.

Due to banks issuing privacy policies designed to protect identity and fraud, telephone merchant funds verification by calling the bank directly is now rare for any bank or credit union to offer this service.

Some banks still offer merchant funds verification, while others are limiting the information they will provide to telling you if the account is open with a positive balance, only.

Other banks provide this service as a pay-per-call, or offer bank validation for a fee. The majority of banks do not provide any direct telephone account verification.

Routing number verification
Yet another form of check verification is to cross reference the ABA routing transit number, also called the Routing Number or ABA Number, with the bank to check against the actual item being presented. The routing number verification can provide the bank's name, address for processing, and phone number.

Some routing number verification systems use an algorithm to validate the routing number, rather than cross reference the results in a database.

Routing number verification is limited to verifying the bank name, address and phone number and cannot determine if the checking account is valid of perform funds verification. It can be valuable in locating fraudulent checks or drafts, and in getting contact information for the bank for merchant funds verification or account validation. Using the bank phone number, a business can attempt merchant funds verification if the bank offers the service.

title: Check verification service


text:
Tony Fadell

Anthony Michael Fadell (born March 22, 1969) is an American engineer, designer, entrepreneur, and investor. He was senior vice president of the iPod division at Apple Inc. and founder and former CEO of Nest Labs.

Fadell joined Apple Inc. in 2001 and oversaw all iPod hardware, software, and accessories development. He is known as the "father of the iPod". As the co-creator of the iPhone, he also worked on the first three generations of the iPhone and oversaw all iPhone hardware, firmware, and accessories development from March 2006 to November 2008.

In May 2010, he co-founded Nest Labs, which announced its first product, the Nest Learning Thermostat, in October 2011. Nest was acquired by Google in January 2014 for $3.2B.

Fadell has authored more than 300 patents and was named one of Time's "100 Most Influential People in the World" in 2014. In 2016 Time named the Nest Learning Thermostat, the iPod and the iPhone as three of the “50 Most Influential Gadgets of All Time".

Education and early life
Fadell was born March 22, 1969. Fadell is an alumnus of Grosse Pointe South High School in Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan. He graduated from the University of Michigan with a BS in Computer Engineering in 1991.

Early career
After college, Fadell worked for Apple spinoff General Magic for three years, working with Sony, Philips, Matsushita, Toshiba and other consumer electronics firms in the "General Magic Alliance" to develop a line of personal handheld communicators. He started in 1992 as a diagnostics engineer and progressed to a systems architect.

Philips Electronics
In 1995, he was hired by Philips where he co-founded their Mobile Computing Group and served as the Chief Technology Officer, and Director of Engineering. He developed a number of Windows CE-based hand-held devices, notably the Philips Velo and Nino PDA. Fadell went on to become a Vice President of Philips Strategy and Ventures where he was in charge of developing Philips's digital audio strategy consisting of technology direction for silicon and software, as well as its investment portfolio and potential business models.

In July 1999, Fadell started his own company called Fuse to develop the "Dell of the Consumer Electronics". One of the devices he had in mind was a small hard disk-based music player and an online-store-for-music. Fuse failed, however, to find a second round of funding, and Fadell started exploring developing the product at other companies.

Apple Inc.
Fadell is known as the "father of the iPod". Fadell found support for his business idea of an MP3 player complemented by an online music store in Apple. In 2001 Fadell was hired by Apple as a contractor designing the iPod and planning Apple's audio product strategy. His idea for a small hard disk-based music player and an online-store-for-music had caught Steve Jobs's attention. During that time, he created the concept and initial design of the iPod. He was then hired by Apple to assemble and run its iPod & Special Projects group in April 2001. He was tasked with overseeing the design and production of the iPod and iSight devices.

Due to the engineers and resources at Apple being constrained with the Mac line, Fadell hired engineers from his startup company, Fuse, and veteran engineers from General Magic and Philips to build the core iPod development team. He also hired an outside company to develop the software for the player.

He was promoted to vice president of iPod engineering in 2004 and on October 14, 2005, Apple announced that Fadell would replace the retiring Jon Rubinstein as Senior Vice President of the iPod Division on March 31, 2006.

On November 3, 2008, The Wall Street Journal broke the story of Fadell's departure from Apple.

Nest Labs, Inc.
While building his energy-efficient home near Lake Tahoe in California, Fadell searched for a thermostat and was frustrated by the limited features, high cost and lack of energy efficiency gains provided by available devices. After he left Apple, he spent time around the world and realized people everywhere were having similar energy saving dilemmas as he was in his Tahoe house. Fadell developed the business plan for Nest while living in Paris in 2009.

Together with Matt Rogers, a former Apple colleague, he set out to redesign the traditional thermostat. In May 2010 Fadell and Rogers co-founded Nest Labs in Palo Alto, CA. Nest announced its first product, the Nest Learning Thermostat, in October 2011. Nest was acquired by Google in January 2014 for $3.2B. Fadell announced his resignation from Nest on June 3, 2016.

Build Collective
As of 2017, Fadell has been running a venture fund originally called Future Shape, now called Build Collective.

Author
His book Build: An Unorthodox Guide to Making Things Worth Making was released May 3, 2022. Build has been named a New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and USA Today best seller.

Awards and recognition
In 2012, he was the recipient of the Alva Award, honoring him as "the next great serial inventor". Vanity Fair also recognized him as a trailblazer on their 2012 Next Establishment list. In 2013, Fadell was acknowledged as one of Business Insider's Top 75 Designers in Technology, Fast Company's 100 Most Creative People, and CNBC's Top 50 Disruptors.

Overview of awards and recognitions:

 * (2012) Alva Award, "The Next Great Serial Inventor"
 * (2012) (2013) (2014) Vanity Fair, Next Establishment list
 * (2013) Business Insider, Top 75 Designers in Technology
 * (2013) Fast Company, 100 Most Creative People
 * (2013) CNBC, Top 50 Disruptors
 * (2013) Fortune, Trailblazers: 11 people changing business
 * (2014) Fortune, The World's Top 25 Eco-Innovators
 * (2014) Time, 100 Most Influential People in the World
 * (2014) CNN, CNN 10: Thinkers
 * (2014) Golden Plate Award, American Academy of Achievement, presented by Awards Council member George Lucas
 * (2016) Time, named the Nest Learning Thermostat, the iPod and the iPhone as three of the "50 Most Influential Gadgets of All Time"
 * (2017) Global High-Tech Award, State Award of Armenia for Global Contribution to Humanity through High-Tech

title: Tony Fadell


text: Category:Illinois state senators

title: Category:Illinois state senators


text:
Talk:Texarkana, Texas

Untitled
User: 207.69.139.12 please don't combine the population of both Texarkanas in the Texarkana, Texas articles. IF your want to present a unfied population statistic please do so at Texarkana. -JCarriker 16:53, Oct 6, 2004 (UTC)

I think they should be unified. I live in Texarkana, Texas and there realy is no clear distinction bettwen the two cities. People in Texarkana, TX often work in Texarkana, AR and vise versa (I do). Looking back historicly its hard to say if (for example) Scott Joplin or Ross Pero were natives of that city because there is no distinction. Indeed natives of the city make no such distinction. MaxMahem

Is anyone here anymore? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.42.197.93 (talk) 02:20, 12 December 2014 (UTC)

Laura Lalonde (anon user 24.27.67.65) needs to stop adding herself to the notable people list, unless being in a photo used in a local news story is considered noteworthy... and I'm pretty sure that isn't noteworthy. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1003:B461:34F:3051:EC0D:E9F:E02 (talk) 09:18, 5 June 2015 (UTC)

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The Town That Dreaded Sundown
The Town That Dreaded Sundown (2014 film) is playing there --212.122.206.18 (talk) 16:11, 6 October 2015 (UTC)

Good Faith Edits by Nikkimaria
Notes Removed on 15:27, 4 January 2016 by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Nikkimaria (rm unsourced)

==In popular culture== — Preceding unsigned comment added by Curley Wolf (talk • contribs) 01:28, January 12, 2016
 * Brenda Lee's 1959 song "Let's Jump the Broomstick" references the city with the lyric "Goin' to Alabama back from Texarkana, Goin' all around the world".
 * Texarkana is one of the places visited by the red car in The Brave Little Toaster during the song "Worthless"
 * Tesla's 1991 song "Call It What You Want" contains the lyric "All I am is all I'll ever be, and that's just a boy from Texarkana." As the lead singer of the band is actually from Texarkana, this lyric is notably autobiographical.
 * Other popular songs that name-check the city include "I've Been Everywhere" by Hank Snow, later covered by Johnny Cash; "Texas Swing" by Clay Walker from his 2001 album Say No More; "Gimme Gimme Good Lovin'" by Crazy Elephant; "24 Hours at a Time" by the Marshall Tucker Band; "Texarkana Baby" by Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys, covered by Tennessee Ernie Ford; and two songs by Joe Ely, "Fingernails" and "I'm Gonna Strangle You Shorty."
 * In the 1977 movie Smokey and the Bandit, The Bandit (Burt Reynolds and the Snowman Jerry Reed) are making a run from Atlanta to Texarkana to get a load of beer. Jerry Reed's 1977 hit song "East Bound and Down" from the soundtrack refers to the city in the lyric "The boys are thirsty in Atlanta and there's beer in Texarkana," regarding the lack of availability of Coors beer east of Texas at that time. (In fact, Texarkana, Texas, is dry and the alcohol distributor is actually in Texarkana, Arkansas.)
 * In Season 5, Episode 5 "Southbound and Down" of the FX TV show Archer, Archer and the crew from ISIS encounter a hostile biker gang in Texarkana while on their way to Austin, Texas.
 * In a 2013 episode of American Pickers on The History Channel, Frank and Mike visited several spots in Texarkana.
 * In the movie Zombieland, Woody Harrelson refers to the relationship with his new zombie-killing companion, Jesse Eisenberg, that he figures it will last "all the way to Texarkana".
 * Used as setting for the 1976 movie The Town That Dreaded Sundown
 * In the movie American Psycho, the main character enjoys a dinner at a Tex-Mex establishment called "Texarkana"

Further Notes Removed on 01:07, 10 March 2016 by User:Nikkimaria. (rm unsourced)

In popular culture

 * Texarkana is referenced in the song "Cotton Fields" by the American folk and blues musician Lead Belly and later recorded by several notable country rock artists, including The Highwaymen, Buck Owens, The Beach Boys and Creedence Clearwater Revival. Lead Belly (Huddie Ledbetter), was born on a cotton plantation near Linden, Texas, about 40 miles southwest of Texarkana, and later worked on a plantation near De Kalb, Texas, about 35 miles west of Texarkana.
 * In the 1977 film Smokey and the Bandit, Texarkana is the city Bandit and his buddy Snowman must reach to pick up 400 cases of Coors beer and bring back to Atlanta, Georgia in 28 hours.
 * "Texarkana" is a 1991 song by R.E.M.. The track appears on the band's seventh studio album, Out of Time.
 * In the novel A Canticle for Leibowitz, centuries after a nuclear war that reduces world civilization to a second dark age, Texarkana rises as the capital of a burgeoning empire that expands across the former United States and becomes known as the Atlantic Confederacy.

 * , I agree that these mentions are mostly trivial, but they are of interest. I'm placing them on the Talk Page in case elaboration can be found. It may also be possible to insert some of these mentions within the article. Curley Wolf (talk) 02:08, 10 March 2016 (UTC)

Name of the town
"A popular story"... can we get a source on that? Texarkana Metropolitan Area seems to have a source that I have not confirmed myself. We could also include the portion about Texarkana being a portmanteau of Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.49.58.254 (talk) 20:16, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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title: Talk:Texarkana, Texas


text:
Nenad Bogdanović

Nenad Bogdanović (Ненад Богдановић, ; 12 May 1954 – 27 September 2007) was a Serbian politician who served as the mayor of Belgrade from 2004 to 2007.

Education and career
Bogdanović was born on 12 May 1954. He completed his high school education at Matematička gimnazija (a school of Special National Interest) and then graduated from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Electrical Engineering, earning a Magister of Sciences in Electrical Engineering.

Bogdanović then worked in the telecommunications sector, first on research and development and later, in managerial jobs.

In 1989, he was appointed Director of the joint venture of Messrs. GTE Telecommunications and EI Pupin. Two years later, he became the Commercial Manager and, as of 1996, he had been the General Manager of Alkatel Pupin Jugoslavija.

Bogdanović became a member of the Democratic Party (DS) in 1992 and was elected as Chairman of the Zemun Board in 1993, thereafter the Vice Chairman of the City Board and the commissioner for Belgrade. In 2001 he became an MP in the National Parliament of Serbia.

Bogdanović was elected Mayor of Belgrade in 2004. He served until his death in 2007 after succumbing to a "grave illness". Afterwards, Zoran Alimpić and Branislav Belić became acting Mayors of Belgrade, and was eventually succeeded by Dragan Đilas.

title: Nenad Bogdanović


text:
Category:Members of the Illinois House of Representatives

This category contains current and former members of the Illinois House of Representatives.


text:
Mediolanum Santonum

Mediolanum Santonum was a Roman town in Gallia Aquitania, now Saintes. It was founded in about 20 BC in connection with an expansion of the network of Roman roads serving Burdigala. The name means 'centre of the Santones', the tribe that then inhabited the area; the town became an important center in the Roman province of Gallia Aquitania.

Monuments
The principal extant monuments of the Roman period are:
 * a Roman city gate now called the Arch of Germanicus
 * a fairly large Roman lapidary collection
 * a large amphitheatre

title: Mediolanum Santonum


text:
Wikipedia talk:Requests for arbitration/Irismeister/Decision

[personal attack removed] - irismeister 16:57, 2004 Oct 6 (UTC)


text:
Chateau Musar

Chateau Musar is a Lebanese winery located in Ghazir, Lebanon, 15 mi north of the capital Beirut. Musar grapes grow in the Beqaa Valley, a fertile sunny valley at an elevation of 1000 m, situated 25 mi east of Beirut.

History
The winery was established by Gaston Hochar in 1930 after returning from Bordeaux. Gaston Hochar was succeeded by his sons, Ronald and Serge Hochar, with the latter managing the estate from 1959 until his death while swimming in Mexico in 2014, and Ronald Hochar assuming marketing and finance department responsibilities from 1962. Serge Hochar's sons have succeeded him at the winery. Gaston Hochar is now in charge of the day-to-day running of the winery, and Marc Hochar is in charge of the winery's commercial aspects.

In the 1930s and 1940s when Lebanon was under French control, the winery was an important customer for local French Army troops stationed in Lebanon. A French officer named Ronald Barton(whom Gaston named his second son after), and was stationed in Lebanon, was highly influential to the early development of Chateau Musar's wines, as Barton was affiliated with the Bordeaux wineries Château Langoa-Barton and Château Léoville Barton.

In 1959, Serge Hochar becomes Chateau Musar winemaker, while completing his winemaking studies at the University of Oenology in Bordeaux, under the tutorage of Jean Riberau and Emile Peynaud.

Before the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990), the Chateau Musar wines were mostly sold to domestic markets, however the war changed that. Gaston Hochar's son Ronald Hochar helped market the wine abroad and from the late 1970s and early 1980s the wine became more popular abroad.

The international discovery of Musar took place at the Bristol Wine Fair of 1979 when auctioneer and taster Michael Broadbent and journalist Roger Voss selected Musar 1967 as the "discovery of the Fair".

Despite war in Lebanon and frequent tension, with the exception of the 1976 vintage, wine has been produced at the Château every year, with employees sometimes working under high-risk conditions. (1984 was made, despite difficulties in transporting the grapes to the winery. It has not yet been released commercially.) The 1992 red Chateau Musar production was declassified due to a weak vintage.

Though comparisons are sometimes made with Bordeaux wine, Burgundy wine or Rhône wine, it is most frequently maintained that the wine of Musar is unique. Due to the winemaking philosophy of Serge Hochar, its vintages are notoriously inconsistent.

Production
The red wine, which is the best known is made from Cabernet Sauvignon, Cinsault, Carignan, Grenache, and Mourvèdre grapes in varying amounts each year. The whites are made from Obaideh (related to Chardonnay) and Merwah (related to Sémillon). Both wines contain classic Bordeaux grapes, however they are very different, as they are made in a natural wine style with significant bottle variation. The wines generally improve with age, both the red and whites.

They also produce a single vineyard wine, Hochar, which is similar to the red Musar but is oak aged for only 9 months, and can be drunk younger, as well as the Cuvée Musar range, both produced as a red, white and a rosé. Hochar Père et Fils is released earlier and can be used as an indication of what the Chateau Musar wine will be like. It is usually around half the price of the regular Chateau Musar. They have also begun production of a restaurant range, Musar Mosaic, and a wine from their younger grapes, Musar Jeune.

title: Chateau Musar


text:
Ed Jerse

Edward S. Jerse (born 1959) is an American politician who served as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives. In 2004, he ran for the Democratic nomination for Ohio's 14th congressional district, but lost to political novice Capri S. Cafaro.

Career
Jerse, who has served as a member of Euclid, Ohio's city council, has served in the Ohio House from 1995 to 2005. and was the ranking minority member of the House Committee on Finance and Appropriations. Jerse served as Assistant Prosecutor with the City of Euclid from 2005 to 2006.

In the fall of 2005, Jerse served as campaign manager for the Reform Ohio Now ballot initiatives that tried to limit the role of the Ohio Secretary of State in elections. All initiatives were defeated at the polls. Jerse served as Director of Legislative Affairs for the Ohio Department of Development under Governor Ted Strickland. Jerse also served as the Director of Regional Collaboration for the Office of the Cuyahoga County Executive, Ed FitzGerald.

Education
Jerse studied at John Carroll University before earning his bachelor's degree from Georgetown University and his J.D. degree from Harvard University.

title: Ed Jerse


text:
File:Album no respect.jpg

Summary
Rodney Dangerfield's comedy Album "No Respect"

title: File:Album no respect.jpg


text: Category:Avionics computers

title: Category:Avionics computers


text:
Erle P. Halliburton

Erle Palmer Halliburton was an American businessman specializing in oil field services.

Early life
Halliburton was born on September 22, 1892, near Henning, Tennessee, the son of Lou Emma (Cothran) and Edwin Graves Halliburton. When Halliburton was 12 years old, his father died. At 14, Halliburton left home to support the family. As a youth, he learned how to operate heavy machinery such as a locomotive, a steam crane, and a steam shovel. Later, Halliburton was a salesman in New York.

Business career
Before the United States entered into World War I, Halliburton gained exposure to shipboard engineering as a member of the United States Navy. After his honorable discharge in 1915, he headed for the oilfields of California, where he was able to apply techniques analogous to the technology with which he had worked in the Navy. His drive and his sense of innovation soon brought him into conflict with his boss, Almond Perkins. Halliburton later quipped that getting hired and getting fired by the Perkins Oil Well Cementing Company were the two best opportunities he had ever received.

Halliburton then moved to Duncan, Oklahoma where he invented, perfected, and patented a new method of oil well cementing. According to one of the inscriptions on the pictured monument, Halliburton's method "isolates the various downhole zones, guards against a collapse of the casing and permits control of the well during its producing life." In 1919, based on this new method, Halliburton started Duncan's New Method Oil Well Cementing Company. By 1922, the company was operating as the Halliburton Oil Well Cementing Company. On July 5, 1961, it became known as the Halliburton Company.

Halliburton also founded Southwest Air Fast Express, which was later acquired by American Airlines.

Halliburton designed the aluminum suitcases which are now manufactured by Zero Halliburton.

Halliburton was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 1957.

Halliburton died on October 13, 1957, in Los Angeles at the age of 65.

Private life
Halliburton was married to Vida C. Taber Halliburton. They had 5 children: Erle P., Jr., David, Zola Catherine, Vida Jessie, and Ruth Lou. Erle Halliburton was a cousin of the famed adventure writer Richard Halliburton.

title: Erle P. Halliburton


text:
Key money

Key money is one of several forms of payment made to a landlord. The term has various meanings in different parts of the world. It sometimes means money paid to an existing tenant who assigns a lease to a new tenant where the rent is below market. It sometimes means a bribe to a landlord. In other parts of the world, it is used synonymously with normal security deposits, which are used to cover nonpayment of rent and excessive damage to a rental unit.

Australia
In many states of Australia (New South Wales, Victoria, etc.), the Retail Leases Act calls key-money a payment or benefit without true consideration, expected from a tenant in order for a lease being granted, renewed or modified, and makes such payment illegal.

Japan
In Japan, reikin (礼金) is a mandatory payment to the landlord that is often the same amount as the original deposit. However,  can be the equivalent of six months (or more) of rent, but is typically the same as one to three months of rent. This money is considered a gift to the landlord and is not returned after the lease is canceled.

There are regional variations – in Kantō (Eastern Japan, including Tōkyō), a renewal fee (更新料) is typically charged at contract renewal, similar to repetition of key money, while in Ōsaka key money is instead deducted from a large security deposit, which is known as shikibiki (敷引き), from "rental deposit" (敷金).

In recent years, an increasing number of landlords and real estate agencies have begun to offer reikin-free rental housing, and the semipublic Urban Renaissance Agency does not charge key money or renewal fees.

South Korea
In South Korea, the key money system (as opposed to monthly rent or wolse) requires the lessee to make a deposit of about one-third to two-thirds the total cost of the leased property in lieu of monthly payment. The key money is returned when the lease expires. The key money deposit will not be returned before termination of the lease unless another lessee replaces the outgoing lessee.

Pakistan
It is goodwill and non-refundable. It is known as PAGHRI.

France
In France, a tenant who has a lease that is below market can assign that lease to a new tenant. The new landlord is required to accept the original rent from the new tenant. The new tenant essentially buys the lease from the original tenant. The capitalization factor is financial and strategic, depending on cost of money, importance of the site to the taker and the location of the site. The ratio used goes from 0 (poor locations) to 12 (top locations). The remaining number of years of the contract has little or no impact unless it falls under the legal provision of déplafonnement du loyer, in which the landlord is automatically allowed to ask for a new, market-rate rent regardless of the rent paid so far.

Sweden
In Sweden, it is illegal for the landlord or an existing tenant to ask for compensation for an apartment lease, but a significant black market for rental contracts is believed to exist in some cities such as Stockholm. The Swedish Union of Tenants believes that the illegal practice of demanding key money or other compensation happens at most private landlord companies, while the landlords' advocacy group Fastighetsägarna believes that as much as half of the rental contracts are wrongly obtained at any time, and proposes a reduction of rent control as a solution. Merely paying key money is not a crime, but is considered by many to be a way of cheating (since you sidestep the queue system). It typically results in immediate termination of your lease if discovered.

However, it is legal to require a security deposit when renting out an apartment or house. It is rarely done when a commercial or public landlord is renting out an apartment to an individual, since it is easy for the landlord to get any debts collected. When individuals rent out to other individuals, or when businesses rent commercial premises, a security deposit of 1–6 months is usually requested.

Netherlands
In the Netherlands, key money (sleutelgeld) is a payment without consideration, often required by either the landlord or by the vacating tenant. The amount can vary from a symbolical amount up to one or more monthly lease terms. However, key money is deemed illegal and repayment can be enforced by legal means. As the Netherlands experience a shortage in living space (especially in Amsterdam and other large cities in the west), landlords and tenants nevertheless often ask for key money despite it being illegal.

United States
In the United States, it is common to require key money in the form of a security deposit. The tenant pays one or two months' rent up-front. These funds are then held in escrow and are used to offset delinquent payments or damage to the property. If neither happens, the money is refunded (typically with statutory interest) when the tenant vacates. It is illegal but common for unscrupulous landlords to refuse to refund some or all of this deposit, instead keeping it for unneeded "cleaning" or "repairs". Landlord-tenant laws in the United States typically specify that a landlord must provide a detailed accounting of all deductions from a security deposit on request and normally cannot charge for "normal wear and tear", such as replacing old carpets or painting walls that have not been painted for many years.

Generally in the United States, apartment leases are not transferable without the consent of the landlord. The primary exception is the right to rent a space in a mobile home park, which is frequently transferable, frequently rent-controlled, and frequently subject to French-style "key money" payments to the original tenant in the form of buying the current mobile home at an inflated price. The new tenant can then junk the existing, outdated trailer and replace it with a modern one while keeping the terms of the original lease for the land under it.

When renting commercial properties in which the premises already contains various trade-fixtures, equipment, electric, and plumbing (items typically left when a former tenant vacates), such items have a value above the typical rent for an empty "vanilla shell" premises. The landlord would charge the tenant key money in order for the tenant to have the right to use and take over all of the existing equipment.

Mexico
In Mexico, key money is referred to as "guante" (translating to "glove" in English).

Covert key money
Since key money is in many cases illegal for the reason that it is a payment without consideration or even a bribe, it is often disguised as other costs:
 * Made-up additional charges for 'cleaning', 'contract drafting', 'administration', 'registration', etc.
 * An obligation for the tenant to take over furniture or other items from the landlord or vacating tenant, for an amount which does not reflect the true economic value of these items.
 * Demanding large security deposits which are only repayable at face value (thus without interest). Unscrupulous landlords could even as a matter of principle not return any security deposits at all.

title: Key money


text:
Brettanomyces

Brettanomyces is a non-spore forming genus of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae, and is often colloquially referred to as "Brett". The genus name Dekkera is used interchangeably with Brettanomyces, as it describes the teleomorph or spore forming form of the yeast, but is considered deprecated under the one fungus, one name change. The cellular morphology of the yeast can vary from ovoid to long "sausage" shaped cells. The yeast is acidogenic, and when grown on glucose rich media under aerobic conditions, produces large amounts of acetic acid. Brettanomyces is important to both the brewing and wine industries due to the sensory compounds it produces.

In the wild, Brettanomyces lives on the skins of fruit.

History
In 1889, Seyffert of the Kalinkin Brewery in St. Petersburg was the first to isolate a "Torula" from English beer which produced the typical "English" taste in lager beer, and in 1899 JW Tullo at Guinness described two types of "secondary yeast" in Irish stout. However N. Hjelte Claussen at the Carlsberg brewery was the first to publish a description in 1904, following a 1903 patent (UK patent GB190328184) that was the first patented microorganism in history.

Etymology
The term Brettanomyces comes from the Greek for "British fungus". İt is a compound of Ancient Greek Βρεττανός (Brettanós) : British and μύκης (múkēs) : fungus.

Wine
When Brettanomyces grows in wine it produces several compounds that can alter the palate and bouquet. At low levels some winemakers agree that the presence of these compounds has a positive effect on wine, contributing to complexity, and giving an aged character to some young red wines. Many wines even rely on Brettanomyces to give their distinctive character, such as Château Musar. However, when the levels of the sensory compounds greatly exceed the sensory threshold, their perception is almost always negative. The sensory threshold can differ between individuals, and some find the compounds more unattractive than others. While it can be desirable at lower levels, there is no guarantee that high levels will not be produced. As Brettanomyces can potentially spoil a wine it is generally seen as a wine spoilage yeast, and its presence in wine as a wine fault.

Wines that have been contaminated with Brettanomyces taints are often referred to as "Bretty", "metallic", or as having "Brett character". Brettanomyces taint in wine is also sometimes incorrectly identified as cork taint.

Sensory compounds
The compounds responsible contributing certain sensory characters to wine are; These compounds can impart completely different sensory properties to a wine when they are present in different ratios.
 * 4-ethylphenol: Band-aids, barnyard, horse stable, antiseptic
 * 4-ethylguaiacol: Bacon, spice, cloves, smoky
 * isovaleric acid: Sweaty saddle, cheese, rancidity

Origins in the winery
Brettanomyces is most associated with barrel aged red wines, but has also been found in Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc. In some cases the yeast has caused contamination in sparkling wines produced by the méthode champenoise when en tirage. It is thought Brettanomyces can be introduced to a winery by insect vectors such as fruit flies, or by purchasing Brett-contaminated wine barrels. The ability to metabolise the disaccharide cellobiose, along with the irregular surface of a barrel interior, provide ideal conditions for Brettanomyces growth. Once the yeast is in a winery it is hard to eradicate and is spread readily by unsanitised equipment.

Control measures
The growth of Brettanomyces is best controlled by the addition of sulfur dioxide, to which the yeast is particularly sensitive. The addition of other sterilising compounds such as dimethyl dicarbonate often has a similar effect. Alternatively the wine can be bottled after sterile filtration, which physically removes the yeast. Wines that are vinified to low residual sugar levels, such as <1.0g/L, are also less likely to be spoiled as the main growth substrate has been limited. However growth has been reported at levels below this and it is assumed that the yeast can use other substrates.

Beer
In most beer styles Brettanomyces is typically viewed as a contaminant and the characteristics it imparts are considered unwelcome "off-flavours". However, in certain styles, particularly certain traditional Belgian ales, it is appreciated and encouraged. Gueuze and other lambic beers owe their unique flavour profiles to Brettanomyces, as do wild yeast saison or farmhouse styles; and it is also found in Oud Bruin and Flanders red ale.

In Orval Brettanomyces is added before the final bottle fermentation.

Several American craft breweries intentionally use Brettanomyces in their beers. This use began with a renewed interest in Belgian style ales and later formed new styles altogether (Brewers Association, 2007 Great American Beer Festival Style Guidelines, section 13a, 16). Some breweries use 100% Brettanomyces for the fermentation of some of their beers, and omit Saccharomyces from the recipe. Some American brewers that use Brettanomyces may also include lactic acid producing bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Pediococcus in order to provide sourness to the beer.

While Brett is sometimes pitched into the fermenter, aging in wood barrels previously inoculated with Brettanomyces is another method used to impart the complexity contributed by these strains of yeast.

title: Brettanomyces


text:
De Phenomenis in Orbe Lunae

De Phenomenis in Orbe Lunae is a 1612 book by Collegio Romano philosophy professor Giulio Cesare la Galla that describes emission of light by a stone. La Galla's inspiration came from Galileo's debate with Vincenzo Casciarolo regarding a "lapis solaris," a stone that emitted light seemingly on its own. In De Phenomenis, de Galla asserts that the stone was only able to emit light after the stone itself had calcified. It released "a certain quantity of fire and light" that it had absorbed, just as water would be absorbed by a sponge.

Robert Burton discusses De Phenomenis in The Anatomy of Melancholy.

title: De Phenomenis in Orbe Lunae


text:
User:SirJective/tmp a

Do not edit this page, it's just a demo version. Any suggestions should go to the village pump.

Aa-Ad

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Ae-Ak

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 * Alberta Township, Minnesota - Alberta Township
 * Albertson, New York - Albertson (missing Albertson, NY)
 * Albin, Minnesota (r), Albin, MN (r) - Albin (both are redirects, same target = "Albin Township, Minnesota")
 * Albion (town), New York - Albion (missing Albion_(town), NY)
 * Albion (village), New York (r) - Albion (missing Albion_(village), NY)
 * Albion Landing, Michigan - Albion Landing (missing Albion_Landing, MI)
 * Albion, Minnesota (r), Albion, MN (r) - Albion (both are redirects, same target = "Albion Township, Minnesota")
 * Albion, New York - Albion (missing Albion, NY)
 * Alborn, Minnesota (r), Alborn, MN (r) - Alborn (both are redirects, same target = "Alborn Township, Minnesota")
 * Albright, West Virginia - Albright (missing Albright, WV)
 * Albuquerque, New Mexico - Albuquerque (missing Albuquerque, NM)
 * Alburg, Vermont (r), Alburg, VT (r) - Alburg (both are redirects, same target = "Alburg (town), Vermont")
 * Alcalde, New Mexico - Alcalde (missing Alcalde, NM)
 * Alcan Border, Alaska - Alcan Border
 * Alcester, South Dakota - Alcester (missing Alcester, SD)
 * Alcona, Michigan (r), Alcona, MI (r) - Alcona (both are redirects, same target = "Alcona Township, Michigan")
 * Alcova, Wyoming - Alcova
 * Alden (town), New York - Alden (missing Alden_(town), NY)
 * Alden (village), New York - Alden (missing Alden_(village), NY)
 * Alden, Kansas - Alden (missing Alden, KS)
 * Alden, New York - Alden (missing Alden, NY)
 * Alderson, West Virginia - Alderson (missing Alderson, WV)
 * Aldine, Texas (r), Aldine, TX (r) - Aldine (both are redirects, State target = "Aldine,_Houston,_Texas", ST target = "Aldine, Houston, Texas")
 * Aleknagik, Alaska - Aleknagik
 * Aleneva, Alaska - Aleneva
 * Aleppo, Pennsylvania (r), Aleppo, PA (r) - Aleppo (both are redirects, same target = "Aleppo Township, Pennsylvania")
 * Alexander (town), New York - Alexander (missing Alexander_(town), NY)
 * Alexander (village), New York - Alexander (missing Alexander_(village), NY)
 * Alexander County, North Carolina - Alexander County (missing Alexander_County, NC)
 * Alexander, New York - Alexander (missing Alexander, NY)
 * Alexander, North Dakota - Alexander (missing Alexander, ND)
 * Alexandersville, Ohio - Alexandersville (missing Alexandersville, OH)
 * Alexandria Bay, New York - Alexandria Bay (missing Alexandria_Bay, NY)
 * Alexandria County, Virginia (r) - Alexandria County (missing Alexandria_County, VA)
 * Alexandria Township, New Jersey - Alexandria Township (missing Alexandria_Township, NJ)
 * Alexandria, New Hampshire - Alexandria (missing Alexandria, NH)
 * Alexandria, New Jersey (r) - Alexandria (missing Alexandria, NJ)
 * Alexandria, New York - Alexandria (missing Alexandria, NY)
 * Alexandria, South Dakota - Alexandria (missing Alexandria, SD)
 * Alfordsville, Indiana - Alfordsville
 * Alfred-South La Paloma, Texas - Alfred-South La Paloma
 * Alfred (town), New York - Alfred (missing Alfred_(town), NY)
 * Alfred (village), New York - Alfred (missing Alfred_(village), NY)
 * Alfred, New York - Alfred (missing Alfred, NY)
 * Alfsborg Township, Minnesota - Alfsborg Township
 * Algansee Township, Michigan - Algansee Township
 * Algansee, Michigan (r) - Algansee (missing Algansee, MI)
 * Algodones, New Mexico - Algodones (missing Algodones, NM)
 * Algoma Township, Michigan - Algoma Township
 * Algoma, Mississippi - Algoma
 * Algoma, Wisconsin - Algoma
 * Algonac, Michigan - Algonac
 * Algood, Tennessee - Algood
 * Alice Acres, Texas - Alice Acres
 * Alice, North Dakota - Alice (missing Alice, ND)
 * Aliceville, Alabama - Aliceville
 * Aline, Oklahoma - Aline
 * Aliquippa, Pennsylvania - Aliquippa
 * Aliso Viejo, California - Aliso Viejo
 * Allagash, Maine - Allagash
 * Allakaket, Alaska - Allakaket
 * Allamuchy-Panther Valley, New Jersey - Allamuchy-Panther Valley (missing Allamuchy-Panther_Valley, NJ)
 * Allamuchy Township, New Jersey - Allamuchy Township (missing Allamuchy_Township, NJ)
 * Allardt, Tennessee - Allardt
 * Allegan Township, Michigan - Allegan Township
 * Allegany (town), New York - Allegany (missing Allegany_(town), NY)
 * Allegany (village), New York - Allegany (missing Allegany_(village), NY)
 * Allegany County, New York - Allegany County (missing Allegany_County, NY)
 * Allegany Reservation, New York - Allegany Reservation (missing Allegany_Reservation, NY)
 * Allegany Township, Pennsylvania - Allegany Township
 * Allegany, New York - Allegany (missing Allegany, NY)
 * Alleghany County, North Carolina - Alleghany County (missing Alleghany_County, NC)
 * Allegheny Township, Pennsylvania - Allegheny Township
 * Allegheny, Pennsylvania - Allegheny (missing Allegheny, PA)
 * Alleman, Iowa - Alleman
 * Allen Park, Michigan - Allen Park
 * Allen Township, Michigan - Allen Township
 * Allen Township, Pennsylvania - Allen Township
 * Allen, New York - Allen (missing Allen, NY)
 * Allen, South Dakota - Allen (missing Allen, SD)
 * Allendale Charter Township, Michigan - Allendale Charter Township (missing Allendale_Charter_Township, MI)
 * Allendale County, South Carolina - Allendale County (missing Allendale_County, SC)
 * Allendale Township, Michigan (r), Allendale Township, MI (r) - Allendale Township (both are redirects, same target = "Allendale Charter Township, Michigan")
 * Allendale, Illinois - Allendale
 * Allendale, Michigan - Allendale
 * Allendale, Missouri - Allendale
 * Allendale, New Jersey - Allendale (missing Allendale, NJ)
 * Allendale, South Carolina - Allendale (missing Allendale, SC)
 * Allenhurst, Georgia - Allenhurst
 * Allenhurst, New Jersey - Allenhurst (missing Allenhurst, NJ)
 * Allenport, Pennsylvania - Allenport
 * Allenspark, Colorado - Allenspark
 * Allenstown, New Hampshire - Allenstown (missing Allenstown, NH)
 * Allensville, Kentucky - Allensville
 * Allentown, New Jersey - Allentown (missing Allentown, NJ)
 * Allenville, Illinois - Allenville
 * Allenville, Missouri - Allenville
 * Allenwood, New Jersey - Allenwood (missing Allenwood, NJ)
 * Allgood, Alabama - Allgood
 * Alliance Township, Minnesota - Alliance Township
 * Alliance, North Carolina - Alliance (missing Alliance, NC)
 * Allis Township, Michigan - Allis Township
 * Allison Township, Pennsylvania - Allison Township
 * Allison, Iowa - Allison
 * Allouez Township, Michigan - Allouez Township
 * Allouez, Wisconsin - Allouez
 * Alloway Township, New Jersey - Alloway Township (missing Alloway_Township, NJ)
 * Alloway, New Jersey (r) - Alloway (missing Alloway, NJ)
 * Allport, Arkansas - Allport
 * Allston, Washington (r), Allston, WA (r) - Allston (both are redirects, same target = "Washington Allston")
 * Allyn-Grapeview, Washington - Allyn-Grapeview
 * Alma (city), Wisconsin (r), Alma (city), WI (r) - Alma (both are redirects, same target = "Alma, Wisconsin")
 * Alma Center, Wisconsin - Alma Center
 * Alma Township, Minnesota - Alma Township
 * Alma, New York - Alma (missing Alma, NY)
 * Almanor, California - Almanor
 * Almedia, Louisiana - Almedia (missing Almedia, LA)
 * Almedia, Pennsylvania - Almedia
 * Almena (town), Wisconsin (r), Almena (town), WI (r) - Almena (both are redirects, same target = "Almena, Barron County, Wisconsin")
 * Almena (village), Wisconsin (r), Almena (village), WI (r) - Almena (both are redirects, same target = "Almena, Wisconsin")
 * Almena Township, Michigan - Almena Township
 * Almena, Kansas - Almena
 * Almena, Wisconsin - Almena (missing Almena, WI)
 * Almer Township, Michigan - Almer Township
 * Almira Township, Michigan - Almira Township
 * Almira, Washington - Almira
 * Almond (town), New York - Almond (missing Almond_(town), NY)
 * Almond (town), Wisconsin, Almond (town), WI (r) - Almond (ST has target "Almond %28town%29, Wisconsin")
 * Almond (village), New York - Almond (missing Almond_(village), NY)
 * Almond (village), Wisconsin (r), Almond (village), WI (r) - Almond (both are redirects, State target = "Almond,_Wisconsin", ST target = "Almond, Wisconsin")
 * Almond Township, Minnesota - Almond Township
 * Almond, New York - Almond (missing Almond, NY)
 * Almont Township, Michigan - Almont Township
 * Almont, Michigan - Almont
 * Almont, North Dakota - Almont (missing Almont, ND)
 * Almyra, Arkansas - Almyra
 * Aloha Township, Michigan - Aloha Township
 * Alondra Park, California - Alondra Park
 * Alorton, Illinois - Alorton
 * Alpaugh, California - Alpaugh
 * Alpena Township, Michigan - Alpena Township
 * Alpena, South Dakota - Alpena (missing Alpena, SD)
 * Alpha, New Jersey - Alpha (missing Alpha, NJ)
 * Alphabetical list of El Granada, California - Alphabetical list of El Granada (missing Alphabetical_list_of_El_Granada, CA)
 * Alpine Northeast, Wyoming - Alpine Northeast
 * Alpine Northwest, Wyoming - Alpine Northwest
 * Alpine Township, Michigan - Alpine Township
 * Alpine Village, California - Alpine Village
 * Alpine, New Jersey - Alpine (missing Alpine, NJ)
 * Alsace Township, Pennsylvania - Alsace Township
 * Alsen, North Dakota - Alsen (missing Alsen, ND)
 * Alsey, Illinois - Alsey
 * Alsip, Illinois - Alsip
 * Alstead, New Hampshire - Alstead (missing Alstead, NH)
 * Alta Sierra, California - Alta Sierra
 * Alta Vista Township, Minnesota - Alta Vista Township
 * Altadena, California - Altadena
 * Altamahaw-Ossipee, North Carolina - Altamahaw-Ossipee (missing Altamahaw-Ossipee, NC)
 * Altamont, California (r), Altamont, CA (r) - Altamont (both are redirects, same target = "Altamont")
 * Altamont, New York - Altamont (missing Altamont, NY)
 * Altamont, South Dakota - Altamont (missing Altamont, SD)
 * Altamonte Springs, Florida - Altamonte Springs
 * Altha, Florida - Altha
 * Altheimer, Arkansas - Altheimer
 * Altmar, New York - Altmar (missing Altmar, NY)
 * Alto Bonito, Texas - Alto Bonito
 * Alto Pass, Illinois - Alto Pass
 * Alton North, Texas - Alton North
 * Alton Township, Minnesota - Alton Township
 * Alton, New Hampshire - Alton (missing Alton, NH)
 * Altona (CDP), New York - Altona (missing Altona_(CDP), NY)
 * Altona (town), New York - Altona (missing Altona_(town), NY)
 * Altona Township, Minnesota - Altona Township
 * Altrus, California (r), Altrus, CA (r) - Altrus (both are redirects, same target = "Alturas, California")
 * Altura, Minnesota - Altura
 * Alturas, California - Alturas
 * Alturus, California (r), Alturus, CA (r) - Alturus (both are redirects, same target = "Alturas, California")
 * Altus, Arkansas - Altus
 * Altus, Oklahoma - Altus
 * Alum Creek, West Virginia - Alum Creek (missing Alum_Creek, WV)
 * Alum Rock, California - Alum Rock
 * Alviso, California - Alviso
 * Alvo, Nebraska - Alvo
 * Alvord, Iowa - Alvord
 * Alvord, Texas - Alvord
 * Alvordton, Ohio - Alvordton
 * Alvwood Township, Minnesota - Alvwood Township

Am

 * Amado, Arizona - Amado
 * Amador City, California - Amador City
 * Amador Township, Minnesota - Amador Township
 * Amagansett, New York - Amagansett (missing Amagansett, NY)
 * Amagon, Arkansas - Amagon
 * Amalga, Utah - Amalga
 * Amana, Iowa - Amana (missing Amana, IA)
 * Amargosa Valley, Nevada - Amargosa Valley (missing Amargosa_Valley, NV)
 * Amber Township, Michigan - Amber Township
 * Ambia, Indiana - Ambia
 * Ambler, Alaska - Ambler
 * Ambler, Pennsylvania - Ambler
 * Amboy Township, Michigan - Amboy Township
 * Amboy Township, Minnesota - Amboy Township
 * Amboy, California - Amboy (missing Amboy, CA)
 * Amboy, New York - Amboy (missing Amboy, NY)
 * Ambrose, North Dakota - Ambrose (missing Ambrose, ND)
 * Amenia (CDP), New York - Amenia (missing Amenia_(CDP), NY)
 * Amenia (town), New York - Amenia (missing Amenia_(town), NY)
 * Amenia, North Dakota - Amenia (missing Amenia, ND)
 * American Canyon, California - American Canyon
 * American Fork, Utah - American Fork
 * Amery, Wisconsin - Amery
 * Ames Lake, Washington - Ames Lake
 * Ames, New York - Ames (missing Ames, NY)
 * Amesbury (CDP), Massachusetts, Amesbury (CDP), MA (r) - Amesbury (ST has target "Amesbury %28CDP%29, Massachusetts")
 * Amesbury (town), Massachusetts (r), Amesbury (town), MA (r) - Amesbury (both are redirects, State target = "Amesbury,_Massachusetts", ST target = "Amesbury, Massachusetts")
 * Amesti, California - Amesti
 * Amesville, Ohio - Amesville
 * Amherst (town), Wisconsin, Amherst (town), WI (r) - Amherst (ST has target "Amherst %28town%29, Wisconsin")
 * Amherst (village), Wisconsin (r), Amherst (village), WI (r) - Amherst (both are redirects, State target = "Amherst,_Wisconsin", ST target = "Amherst, Wisconsin")
 * Amherst Center, Massachusetts - Amherst Center
 * Amherst Junction, Wisconsin - Amherst Junction
 * Amherst Township, Minnesota - Amherst Township
 * Amherst, New Hampshire - Amherst (missing Amherst, NH)
 * Amherst, New York - Amherst (missing Amherst, NY)
 * Amherstdale-Robinette, West Virginia - Amherstdale-Robinette (missing Amherstdale-Robinette, WV)
 * Amidon, North Dakota - Amidon (missing Amidon, ND)
 * Amiret Township, Minnesota - Amiret Township
 * Amite City, Louisiana - Amite City
 * Amite, Louisiana (r) - Amite (missing Amite, LA)
 * Amity Gardens, Pennsylvania - Amity Gardens
 * Amity Township, Pennsylvania - Amity Township
 * Amity, Arkansas - Amity
 * Amity, Maine - Amity
 * Amity, Missouri - Amity
 * Amity, New York - Amity (missing Amity, NY)
 * Amity, Oregon - Amity
 * Amityville, New York - Amityville (missing Amityville, NY)
 * Amo Township, Minnesota - Amo Township
 * Amo, Indiana - Amo
 * Amor Township, Minnesota - Amor Township
 * Amoret, Missouri - Amoret
 * Amorita, Oklahoma - Amorita
 * Amory, Mississippi - Amory
 * Amsterdam-Churchill, Montana - Amsterdam-Churchill
 * Amsterdam (city), New York - Amsterdam (missing Amsterdam_(city), NY)
 * Amsterdam (town), New York - Amsterdam (missing Amsterdam_(town), NY)
 * Amsterdam, New York - Amsterdam (missing Amsterdam, NY)
 * Amwell Township, Pennsylvania - Amwell Township

State names
To find the state names I currently use the following list. Tell me any spelling mistakes you find in it on the talk page, so that I can correct my list. The ",_" belongs to the search string.

,_AL ,_Alabama ,_AK ,_Alaska ,_AZ ,_Arizona ,_AR ,_Arkansas ,_CA ,_California ,_CO ,_Colorado ,_CT ,_Conneticut ,_DE ,_Delaware ,_FL ,_Florida ,_GA ,_Georgia ,_HI ,_Hawaii ,_ID ,_Idaho ,_IL ,_Illinois ,_IN ,_Indiana ,_IA ,_Iowa ,_KS ,_Kansas ,_KY ,_Kentucky ,_LA ,_Louisiana ,_ME ,_Maine ,_MD ,_Maryland ,_MA ,_Massachusetts ,_MI ,_Michigan ,_MN ,_Minnesota ,_MS ,_Mississippi ,_MO ,_Missouri ,_MT ,_Montana ,_NE ,_Nebraska ,_NV ,_Nevada ,_NH ,_New_Hampshire ,_NJ ,_New_Jersey ,_NM ,_New_Mexico ,_NY ,_New_York ,_NC ,_North_Carolina ,_ND ,_North_Dakota ,_OH ,_Ohio ,_OK ,_Oklahoma ,_OR ,_Oregon ,_PA ,_Pennsylvania ,_RI ,_Rhode_Island ,_SC ,_South_Carolina ,_SD ,_South_Dakota ,_TN ,_Tennessee ,_TX ,_Texas ,_UT ,_Utah ,_VT ,_Vermont ,_VA ,_Virginia ,_WA ,_Washington ,_WV ,_West_Virginia ,_WI ,_Wisconsin ,_WY ,_Wyoming

title: User:SirJective/tmp a