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1986 American League Championship Series

The 1986 American League Championship Series was a best-of-seven Major League Baseball postseason series between the Boston Red Sox and the California Angels for the right to advance to the 1986 World Series to face the winner of the 1986 National League Championship Series. The Red Sox came in with a 95–66 record and the AL East division title, while the Angels went 92–70 during the regular season to win the AL West.

Game 1
Tuesday, October 7, 1986, at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts

Angels left fielder Brian Downing went 2-for-5 with four RBI and Mike Witt pitched a five-hit complete game, allowing just one run in the sixth on Marty Barrett's RBI single after a two-out walk and single. After getting two outs, Red Sox starter Roger Clemens walked two in the second before Ruppert Jones's RBI single, Wally Joyner's RBI double, and Downing's two-run single put the Angels up 4–0. Gary Pettis's RBI single with two on extended their lead to 5–0, the run unearned due to shortstop Spike Owen's throwing error to first on Bob Boone's ground-ball. In the eighth, Dick Schofield singled with one out, stole second and scored on Boone's single. After a Pettis single, Joe Sambito relieved Clemens and allowed a two-out walk to load the bases, then Downing's two-run single capped the game's scoring at 8–1 as the Angels took a 1–0 series lead.

Game 2
Wednesday, October 8, 1986, at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts

The next day, the tables were turned. The Red Sox struck first in the bottom of the first when Wade Boggs hit a leadoff triple off Kirk McCaskill and scored on Marty Barrett's double. Barrett's bases-loaded RBI single next inning made it 2–0 Red Sox, but Bill Buckner hit into an inning-ending double play to limit the damage. Dick Schofield's bases-loaded single in the fourth cut the Red Sox's lead to 2–1, but Bruce Hurst retired the next two batters to keep them in front. Next inning, Wally Joyner's home run tied the game, but in the bottom half, Dwight Evans's RBI double with two on put the Red Sox ahead for good, 3–2. Boston padded their lead in the seventh. An error, single and walk loaded the bases with one out before another error on Evans's ground ball allowed one run to score and keep the bases loaded, then a third error on Rich Gedman's force out allowed two more runs to score. Next inning, Buckner's sacrifice fly with runners on first and third off Gary Lucas made it 7–2 Red Sox before Jim Rice's home run off Doug Corbett capped the game's scoring at 9–2. Hurst pitched a complete game as the Red Sox tied the series 1–1 heading to California.

Game 3
Friday, October 10, 1986, at Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, California

In Game 3, the Red Sox struck first in the second on Rich Gedman's RBI single with two on off John Candelaria, but after pitching five shutout innings, Oil Can Boyd allowed a game-tying RBI single to Reggie Jackson in the sixth. Dick Schofield's two-out home run in the seventh put the Angels up 2–1. After Bob Boone singled, Gary Pettis's two-run home run extended their lead to 4–1. The Red Sox scored two runs in the eighth on Donnie Moore's balk with runners on second and third and Gedman's RBI single, but the Angels padded their lead in the bottom half on Ruppert Jones's sacrifice fly off Calvin Schiraldi. Moore pitched a scoreless ninth as the Angels went up 2–1 in the series with a 5–3 win. During the game, scoring on Reggie Jackson's single, Wally Joyner suffered an opened staph infection, which would sideline him for the rest of the series.

Game 4
Saturday, October 11, 1986, at Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, California

Roger Clemens, the Game 1 loser for the Red Sox, started Game 4, and was solid for most of the game. Boston put up a run in the sixth on Bill Buckner's RBI double with two on off Don Sutton. In the eighth, Spike Owen hit a leadoff single off Vern Ruhle, moved to third on a groundout and wild pitch, then scored on Marty Barrett's single. Chuck Finley relieved Ruhle and a passed ball and error on Buckner's ground ball allowed Barrett to score to make it 3–0 Red Sox. Another error and walk off Doug Corbett loaded the bases, but Rich Gedman hit into a forceout to end the inning. In the bottom of the ninth, Doug DeCinces led off with a home run. After the next batter grounded out, Dick Schofield and Bob Boone singled. After coming within two outs of a complete game, Clemens was removed, and Boone was replaced with a pinch runner. Gary Pettis, batting next, doubled to score Schofield. Ruppert Jones was intentionally walked to load the bases, a fatal mistake, as two batters later, Brian Downing was hit by a pitch, bringing in the tying run.

Angels relief pitcher Doug Corbett pitched a perfect tenth and eleventh innings, and California broke through in the bottom of the 11th.innings Jerry Narron scored on Bobby Grich's one-out single off Calvin Schiraldi, giving California a 4–3 win and a 3–1 series lead.

Game 5
Sunday, October 12, 1986, at Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, California

Heading into Game 5, California looked set to earn their first trip to a World Series. Rich Gedman's two-run home run in the second put the Red Sox up 2–0, but Bob Boone's home run off Bruce Hurst in the third cut the lead to 2–1. Bobby Grich, the previous night's hero, hit a two-run home run to give the Halos a 3–2 lead in the sixth inning; Red Sox center fielder Dave Henderson had tried to leap at the wall to catch Grich's long fly ball, but ended up deflecting it over the fence. The Angels added to their lead in the seventh inning off Bob Stanley on Rob Wilfong's RBI double with two on and Brian Downing's bases-loaded sacrifice fly.

In the ninth, Mike Witt allowed a leadoff single to Bill Buckner but struck out Jim Rice, putting him two outs away from his second complete game victory of the series. The next batter, Don Baylor, hit a two-strike, two-run home run to pull the Red Sox within one run. After retiring the next batter, Witt was replaced. Gary Lucas was brought in to face catcher Rich Gedman who had been 3 for 3 in the game against Witt, including a double and a home run. Lucas, on the other hand, had a history of striking Gedman out. But with his very first pitch, Lucas hit Gedman, and was replaced by Donnie Moore. The Angels closer brought his team within one strike of its first AL pennant, but Henderson caught hold of a Moore forkball and launched a home run into the left field stands, stunning the hometown crowd and greatly redeeming himself for his earlier miscue. Boston had taken a 6–5 lead.

The lead would not last, however, as in the bottom of the ninth, Bob Boone singled off Stanley, and Ruppert Jones pinch-ran for him. Gary Pettis sacrificed Jones to second, and Wilfong singled him home off Joe Sambito, tying the game. Dick Schofield then singled, sending Wilfong to third, and Downing was intentionally walked to load the bases with only one out. All of Boston's top-half heroics would have been washed away with a mere sacrifice fly at this point. But instead, Doug DeCinces only managed to hit a short fly ball to right field. Grich's subsequent line-out to pitcher Steve Crawford ended the inning.

The teams settled down and the tenth inning was again scoreless, but the Red Sox loaded the bases in the top of the 11th off Donnie Moore on a hit-by-pitch and two singles for Henderson. He hit a sacrifice fly, scoring Baylor with the go-ahead run. Calvin Schiraldi then retired the Halos in order in the bottom of the 11th, completing a shocking comeback and sending the series back to Boston.

Game 6
Tuesday, October 14, 1986, at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts

Still reeling from their Game 5 loss, the Angels struck first in the top of the first off Oil Can Boyd on back-to-back two-out RBI doubles by Reggie Jackson and Doug DeCinces after a one-out walk, but the Red Sox tied the game in the bottom of the inning off Kirk McCaskill without a hit. With runners on second and third and one out via two walks and a groundout, a passed ball and Jim Rice's groundout scored both runners. In the third, after back-to-back leadoff singles, Marty Barrett's RBI double put the Red Sox up 3–2, then Bill Buckner's RBI single extended their lead to 4–2. After a forceout at home, Don Baylor's two-run single (aided by first baseman Bobby Grich's throwing error) and Dwight Evans's RBI single made it 7–2 Red Sox. Dave Henderson's bases-loaded groundout off Doug Corbett in the fifth made it 8–2 Red Sox. Brian Downing hit a home run in the top of the seventh off Boyd, but in the bottom of the inning, Spike Owen's two-run triple off Corbett after a single and walk made it 10–3 Red Sox. The Angels got a run in the eighth off Bob Stanley on shortstop Owen's throwing error on Rob Wilfong with Dick Schofield at second, but could not score again as the Red Sox's 10–4 win forced a deciding Game 7.

Game 7
Wednesday, October 15, 1986, at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts

In Game 7, the Red Sox loaded the bases in the second off John Candelaria with no outs on an error, single and walk. Rich Gedman's groundout scored a run and after an intentional walk reloaded the bases, Wade Boggs's two-run single made it 3–0 Red Sox. In the fourth Dave Henderson reached third on an error, then scored on Spike Owen's single. After a two-out walk, Jim Rice's three-run home run made it 7–0 Red Sox, all runs unearned. Dwight Evans's home run in the seventh off Don Sutton made it 8–0 Red Sox. The Angels scored their only run of the game on Doug DeCinces's RBI single off Calvin Schiraldi, the run charged to starter Roger Clemens. Schiraldi pitched two innings to close as the Red Sox advanced to the World Series with an 8–1 win after trailing the series three games to one. It was their first pennant in 11 years.

Composite box
1986 ALCS (4–3): Boston Red Sox over California Angels

Aftermath
By virtue of winning the ALCS, the Red Sox advanced to the 1986 World Series, where they faced the New York Mets, with memorable results. Like the Angels in the ALCS, the Red Sox found themselves one strike away from winning the World Series, yet could not hold the lead. Taking a 5–3 lead into the bottom of the tenth inning of Game 6, the Red Sox gave up three runs, culminating in an infamous ground ball through the legs of Bill Buckner to hand the Mets a 6–5 victory. The Mets would go on to win Game 7 and the Series.

As for the Angels, Donnie Moore was regarded the goat of the series for giving up Henderson's home run in Game 5, and then his game-winning sacrifice fly two innings later. Moore was blasted by the sports media, as well as the fans. He sank into depression and alcoholism over the next two years, and committed suicide on July 18, 1989, just one year after his MLB career ended.

The 1986 ALCS was Reggie Jackson’s last playoff series. He retired the following season in 1987, playing for the team that originally drafted him, the Oakland Athletics. Nicknamed Mr. October, Jackson always seemed to elevate his game during the biggest stage. He finished his career hitting .278/.358/.527 with 18 home runs in 77 career games in the postseason, which was highlighted by two World Series MVPs in 1973 and 1977. 1986 was also Gene Mauch's last chance at winning a pennant. In his 26 years as manager, his name became linked with coming up just short. In 1964, his Philadelphia Phillies suffered a dramatic collapse during the final two weeks of the season. The "Phold of '64", as it became known, was one of the most infamous collapses in baseball history. Mauch only won two division titles in his managerial career -- with the California Angels in 1982 and 1986 -- but even those teams had a reputation of melting down in key moments. Despite this, many players considered him their most insightful manager. Mauch retired in 1987 with 3,942 games managed and 1,902 games won.

In retrospect, most people consider the 1986 postseason to be one of the best (if not the best) postseasons of all time, as it not only was exciting but also made up for a lackluster regular season, in which the Red Sox, Angels, Mets, and Houston Astros all won their divisions handily.

In 2002, the Angels would finally have their moment(s) of glory. They would win the American League Wild Card, as well as their Division Series (dethroning the four-time defending A.L. champion N.Y. Yankees in four games), their first pennant (over Minnesota in five games), and their first World Series title (over San Francisco in seven games).

In 2004, the Angels and Red Sox met in the American League Division Series with the Red Sox sweeping the series. The Red Sox would eventually go on to defeat the New York Yankees for their first pennant since 1986 and also win their first World Series title since against the St. Louis Cardinals.

In 2007, the Angels and Red Sox met again in the ALDS. The Red Sox again swept the series, continuing their domination of the Halos in the postseason. From Game 4 of the 1986 ALCS until Game 3 of the 2008 ALDS, the Angels lost 11 straight playoff games against the Red Sox, who won all four playoff meetings against them in that span. The Red Sox would win the 2008 ALDS three games to one despite losing eight of nine regular season games against the Angels.

In 2009, the Angels finally broke through and defeated the Red Sox in a sweep of the ALDS.


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Jack Levine

Jack Levine (January 3, 1915 – November 8, 2010) was an American Social Realist painter and printmaker best known for his satires on modern life, political corruption, and biblical narratives. Levine is considered one of the key artists of the Boston Expressionist movement.

Early life and education
Jack Levine was the eighth child born to Samuel and Mary Levine, Lithuanian Jewish immigrants. He grew up in the South End of Boston, where he observed a street life composed of European immigrants and a prevalence of poverty and societal ills, subjects which would inform his work. His mother encouraged him to draw and stored his art materials in the family kitchen. On visits to his father's shoe store, he was given brown wrapping paper on which he would draw. Subjects of his childhood drawings included mature subjects such as National Guardsmen patrolling the streets in military attire during the Boston Police strike of 1919.

Levine's first formal artistic education was studying with artist and art educator Harold K. Zimmerman at the Jewish Welfare Center in Roxbury from 1924 to 1931. Another one of Zimmerman's young art students was Hyman Bloom. From 1929 to 1933, Levine and Bloom studied with Denman Ross at Harvard University. As an adolescent, Levine was already, by his own account, "a formidable draftsman". Ross sponsored Bloom and Levine's studies via a weekly stipend, as well as studio space.

Career
In 1932, Ross included Levine's drawings in an exhibition at the Fogg Art Museum at Harvard, and three years later bequeathed twenty drawings by Levine to the museum's collection. Levine's early work was most influenced by Bloom, Chaïm Soutine, Georges Rouault, and Oskar Kokoschka. Along with Bloom and Karl Zerbe, he became associated with the style known as Boston Expressionism.

From 1935 to 1940, he was employed by the Works Progress Administration. In 1936, Levine had his first exhibition of paintings in New York City in New Horizons in American Art at the Museum of Modern Art. The paintings selected for the exhibition were Card Game and Brain Trust, the latter was painted from his observation of life in the Boston Common. In 1937, his The Feast of Pure Reason, a satire of Boston political power, was placed on loan to the Museum of Modern Art. In the same year String Quartet was shown at the Whitney Museum of American Art, and purchased in 1942 by the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The death of his father in 1939 prompted a series of paintings of Jewish sages.

From 1942-45, Levine served in the United States Army during World War II. Upon his discharge from service he painted Welcome Home (1946), a lampoon of the arrogance of military power. In 1959, the painting would engender political controversy when it was included in the American National Exhibition in Moscow, raising suspicions in the House Un-American Activities Committee of pro-Communist sympathies. President Dwight D. Eisenhower called the painting "more lampoon than art."

Levine was awarded a John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship in 1945. With a Fulbright grant he traveled to Europe in 1951, and was affected by the work of the Old Masters, particularly the Mannerism of El Greco, which inspired him to distort and exaggerate the forms of his figures for expressive purposes.

After returning to the United States, Levine continued to paint biblical subjects, and also produced Gangster Funeral, a narrative which Levine referred to as a "comedy". Further commentary on American life was furnished by Election Night (1954), Inauguration (1958), and Thirty- Five Minutes from Times Square (1956). Also in the late 1950s, Levine painted a series of sensitive portraits of his wife and daughter. In the 1960s, he responded not only to social unrest in the United States with works such as Birmingham '63 (1963), but to international subjects as well, as in The Spanish Prison (1959–1962), Panethnikon (1978), and The Arms Brokers (1982–83). Levine once said of himself, "I am primarily concerned with the condition of man." Following his own direction, he created a distinct body of socially conscious art that probes the strengths and weaknesses of humanity.

In 1979 Levine was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member and became a full Academician in 1982. Following the death of his wife in 1982, he developed an increased interest in Hebraism, and with it a proliferation of paintings with themes from the Hebrew Bible.

Exhibitions and collections
Levine's work is featured in many public collections, including the Art Institute of Chicago, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Museum of American Art, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, the Brooklyn Museum, the Phillips Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Fogg Art Museum, and the National Gallery of Art. In 1973 the Vatican purchased Cain and Abel (1961), to the satisfaction of Pope Paul VI.

In 1978, a retrospective of Levine's work was held at the Jewish Museum (New York). He was the subject of a 1989 film documentary entitled Feast of Pure Reason.

In 2005, at the age of 90, Levine was given a mini-retrospective exhibition at DC Moore Gallery in New York City.

Personal life and death
In 1946, he married the painter Ruth Gikow and moved to New York City. They had one daughter, Susanna who also became an artist.

Levine died at his home in Manhattan, New York on November 8, 2010, at the age of 95.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jack Levine


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Talk:George IV

"Separate Establishment"
The second paragraph of the section "Early Life" begins, "At the age of 18, Prince George was given a separate establishment, and in dramatic contrast to his prosaic, scandal-free father..."

What does "establishment" mean here? House or residence? Would one of those words be clearer? Frank Lynch (talk) 21:49, 30 June 2023 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Elizabeth II which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 18:46, 30 July 2023 (UTC)

"Regency Bill" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regency_Bill&redirect=no Regency Bill] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. estar8806 (talk) ★ 14:29, 7 August 2023 (UTC)

RfC of interest
(non-automated message) Greetings! I have opened an RfC on WT:ROYALTY that may be of interest to users following this article talk page! You are encouraged to contribute to this discussion here! Hurricane Andrew (444) 20:01, 24 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:George IV


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Theodore Tinsley

Theodore A. Tinsley (October 27, 1894 – March 3, 1979) was an American writer who primarily wrote mystery stories. Tinsley wrote 27 stories featuring The Shadow for The Shadow Magazine pulp magazine. He also created Carrie Cashin, one of the first female detectives in pulp fiction, who appeared in Street & Smith's Crimebuster pulp magazine. An early series he wrote is the "Amusement Inc./Scarlet Ace" series that ran over 4 different pulp magazines in the 1930s.

Early life
Theodore Adrian Tinsley was born on October 27, 1894, in New York City, the eldest of six children of Francis B. Tinsley, the owner of a coal yard, by his wife Gertrude (Theban) Tinsley. Tinsley graduated from City College of New York in 1916, and worked as a school teacher and insurance agent before fighting in World War I as a member of an anti-aircraft machine gun battery. He was a veteran of the battle of Meuse-Argonne.

Stories
Tinsley's Shadow stories are listed chronologically here:

Later life
On February 5, 1935, Theodore Tinsley married May Ethel White. In 1989, their daughter Dr. Adrian Tinsley would be named president of Fitchburg State University.

During World War II, Tinsley moved to Washington, D.C., where he worked in the Writer's Division of the Office of War Information. After the war's end, he worked in public relations for the Veterans Administration until 1960, when he retired to Auburn, Alabama, where he spent the rest of his life. Tinsley died on March 3, 1979, at age 84.

title: Theodore Tinsley


text: User talk:4.23.83.100

title: User talk:4.23.83.100


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Eugene Burdick

Eugene Leonard Burdick (December 12, 1918 – July 26, 1965) was an American political scientist, novelist, and non-fiction writer, co-author of The Ugly American (1958), Fail-Safe (1962), and author of The 480 (1965).

Early life
He was born in Sheldon, Iowa, the son of Marie Ellerbroek and Jack Dale Burdick. His father was a socialist who named his son after Eugene V. Debs. His family moved to Los Angeles, California when he was four years of age. One of his pastimes growing up was surfing.

Education and early career
He received his undergraduate degree in psychology from Stanford University. After the United States entered World War II, he served in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1946, attaining the rank of lieutenant commander. Burdick was awarded the Navy and Marine Corps Medal, the highest non-combat decoration awarded for heroism by the Navy, for rescuing four injured men by diving into a sea full of burning oil while under artillery fire.

Thereafter, he pursued graduate studies at Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar in 1948 and ultimately earned a PhD with a dissertation on the role of modern syndicalism in European politics.

Burdick spent much of his career as a professor of political science at the University of California, Berkeley, where he oversaw an integrated course in the social sciences (encompassing elements of political science, economics, sociology and philosophy) and served as a consultant to the university's administration. While on leave from 1950 to 1952, he served as assistant to the president of the Naval War College. Among other professional activities, he was a member of the governing board of the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions and a member of the Indonesian-American Society, the Polynesian Research Society and the Migratory Labor Association.

Writing career
He first gained national attention as a writer of fiction in 1947 when "Rest Camp on Maui," a short story derived from his wartime experiences that was published by Harper's Magazine, received the O. Henry Award second prize. In 1956 his first novel, The Ninth Wave, was published, and was a Book of the Month Club selection. At the close of the 1950s, he was among the first members of the Society for General Systems Research.

Political views
He was a Cold War liberal, supporting the Vietnam War, though he was critical of how the United States government went about it. The Ugly American portrayed American representatives losing the battle for hearts and minds to the Soviet Union in the fictional Asian kingdom of Sarkhan. (The book's depictions created controversy: President Dwight Eisenhower called the book "sickening," claiming that it distorted the truth.) He also advocated nuclear disarmament.

He was scheduled to speak in defense of the administration at the Berkeley Teach-in in May 1965 before withdrawing at the last minute, alleging that those attending weren't interested in a dialogue.

Death
Burdick died in 1965 of a heart attack, while playing tennis, in San Diego, California, at the age of 46. After his death, it was reported that he was a diabetic who struggled with chronic heart disease. He had also had a prior heart attack in 1959. He was survived by his wife Carol and three children.

Works

 * The Ninth Wave, 1956 (winner, Houghton Mifflin Literary Fellowship)
 * The Ugly American, 1958, with William Lederer
 * The Blue of Capricorn, 1961
 * Fail-Safe, 1962, with Harvey Wheeler
 * The 480, 1965
 * Nina's Book, 1965
 * Sarkhan: A Novel, 1966, with William Lederer Republished under the title The Deceptive American in 1977.

title: Eugene Burdick


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MAC times

MAC times are pieces of file system metadata which record when certain events pertaining to a computer file occurred most recently. The events are usually described as "modification" (the data in the file was modified), "access" (some part of the file was read), and "metadata change" (the file's permissions or ownership were modified), although the acronym is derived from the "mtime", "atime", and "ctime" structures maintained by Unix file systems. Windows file systems do not update ctime when a file's metadata is changed, instead using the field to record the time when a file was first created, known as "creation time" or "birth time". Some other systems also record birth times for files, but there is no standard name for this metadata; ZFS, for example, stores birth time in a field called "crtime". MAC times are commonly used in computer forensics. The name Mactime was originally coined by Dan Farmer, who wrote a tool with the same name.

Modification time (mtime)
A file's modification time describes when the content of the file most recently changed. Because most file systems do not compare data written to a file with what is already there, if a program overwrites part of a file with the same data as previously existed in that location, the modification time will be updated even though the contents did not technically change.

Access time (atime)
A file's access time identifies when the file was most recently opened for reading. Access times are usually updated even if only a small portion of a large file is examined. A running program can maintain a file as "open" for some time, so the time at which a file was opened may differ from the time data was most recently read from the file.

Because some computer configurations are much faster at reading data than at writing it, updating access times after every read operation can be very expensive. Some systems mitigate this cost by storing access times at a coarser granularity than other times; by rounding access times only to the nearest hour or day, a file which is read repeatedly in a short time frame will only need its access time updated once. In Windows, this is addressed by waiting for up to an hour to flush updated access dates to the disk.

Some systems also provide options to disable access time updating altogether. In Windows, starting with Vista, file access time updating is disabled by default.

Change time and creation time (ctime)
Unix and Windows file systems interpret 'ctime' differently:

 * Unix systems maintain the historical interpretation of ctime as being the time when certain file metadata, not its contents, were last changed, such as the file's permissions or owner (e.g. 'This file's metadata was changed on 05/05/02 12:15pm').
 * Windows systems use ctime to mean 'creation time' (also called 'birth time') (e.g. 'This file was created on 05/05/02 12:15pm').

This difference in usage can lead to incorrect presentation of time metadata when a file created on a Windows system is accessed on a Unix system and vice versa. Although not specified by POSIX, most modern Unix file systems (such as ext4, HFS+, ZFS, and UFS2) allow to store the creation time. NTFS stores both the creation time and the change time.

The semantics of creation times is the source of some controversy. One view is that creation times should refer to the actual content of a file: e.g. for a digital photo the creation time would note when the photo was taken or first stored on a computer. A different approach is for creation times to stand for when the file system object itself was created, e.g. when the photo file was last restored from a backup or moved from one disk to another.

Metadata issues
As with all file system metadata, user expectations about MAC times can be violated by programs which are not metadata-aware. Some file-copying utilities will explicitly set MAC times of the new copy to match those of the original file, while programs that simply create a new file, read the contents of the original, and write that data into the new copy, will produce new files whose times do not match those of the original.

Some programs, in an attempt to avoid losing data if a write operation is interrupted, avoid modifying existing files. Instead, the updated data is written to a new file, and the new file is moved to overwrite the original. This practice loses the original file metadata unless the program explicitly copies the metadata from the original file. Windows is not affected by this due to a workaround feature called File System Tunneling.

title: MAC times


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R. V. Vernède

Raymond Veveysan Vernède (9 December 1905 – 18 October 2003) was an English colonial administrator in India and a writer. He was educated at Bradfield College and Hertford College, Oxford. He was in the Indian Civil Service from 1928 to 1947; later he became Bursar of St Peter's College, Oxford.

On 6 November 1937, at Lucknow, he married Nancy Mary Kendall, younger daughter of Sir Charles and Lady Kendall of Weir House, Countess Weir, Devon. Sir Charles Kendall, a Judge in the Allahabad High Court, was in various posts in the Indian Civil Service, shifting towards the judicial side of things after his marriage in 1910.

He is known for two books based on his experiences in Garhwal in the Himalayas: The Enchanted Loom, a historical novel, and The Collector's Bag, stories. He also edited British Life in India (1995), an anthology of writings, and A Sounding of Verses.

title: R. V. Vernède


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C7

C7, C07 or C-7 may refer to:

Vehicles (including military)

 * C-7 Caribou, a military transport aircraft
 * AEG C.VII, a World War I German armed reconnaissance aircraft
 * AGO C.VII, a World War I German reconnaissance aircraft
 * Albatros C.VII, a World War I German military reconnaissance aircraft
 * C-7, a United States Navy C class blimp and the first airship inflated with helium
 * Chevrolet Corvette (C7), the seventh generation of a sports car made by General Motors
 * Fokker C.VII, a 1928 Dutch reconnaissance seaplane
 * HMS C7, a British Royal Navy C-class submarine
 * Sauber C7, a 1983 Group C prototype race car
 * USS Cincinnati (C-7), a United States Navy protected cruiser

Science

 * Caldwell 7 (NGC 2403), a spiral galaxy in Camelopardalis

Technology

 * Nokia C7-00, a touch screen mobile from Nokia
 * VIA C7, an IA-32 central processing unit by VIA Technologies
 * C7, an incandescent light bulb of the size typically used in nightlights and Christmas lighting usually 2 and 1/8 inches Length, 7/8 inch Width, 5 watts
 * IEC 60320 C7, an unpolarized, two pole, mains voltage connector

Biology

 * Cervical vertebra 7 (vertebra prominens), one of the cervical vertebrae of the vertebral column
 * Cervical spinal nerve 7
 * C7 protein, engineered transcription factors
 * Complement component 7, protein encoded by the C7 gene in humans
 * Coccinella septempunctata ("C. 7-punctata"), a widespread lady beetle
 * ATC code C07 Beta blocking agents, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
 * C07, Malignant neoplasm of parotid gland ICD-10 code

Entertainment

 * "C7" (song), a song by Japanese band GO!GO!7188
 * C7 Sport, a defunct pay-TV service in Australia
 * C7, the C (musical note) three octaves above Middle C in scientific pitch notation
 * C7, in music, a C dominant seventh chord

Communications

 * C7, CCITT (now ITU-T) (the European term for) Signalling System No. 7, a set of telecom signaling protocols
 * C7, Nielsen viewership ratings that include live viewing plus recorded programs watched a week (7 days) later
 * C7, broadcasting services of the government of the Mexican state of Jalisco:
 * XEJB (disambiguation), radio
 * XHGJG-TV, television
 * Nokia C7-00, a cell phone

Transport

 * C7, a road connecting Newhaven and Lewes in East Sussex
 * The IATA code for Rico Linhas Aéreas, an airline based in Manaus, Brazil
 * LNER Class C7, classified Z or V2 by the NER

Other

 * Colt Canada C7 rifle or Diemaco C7, a Canadian derivative of the M16
 * C7, an international standard paper size (81×114 mm), defined in ISO 216

title: C7


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Talk:Capgemini Engineering

VfD discussion
from VfD:

Spam, no useful content. I almost speedy deleted it -- Chuq 07:52, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: Chuq, you did tag it for speedy.  :-)  Since you decided to list it here instead, I changed the speedy tag to a Vfd tag. SWAdair | Talk  08:00, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I realised that and came back later, I think I got to it 20 seconds after you changed it :) Chuq 22:33, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Google gives 10,700 hits in English, 78,100 in all languages.  With that many people talking about it, it looks notable enough to me.  SWAdair | Talk  08:14, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep but improve the article. It should be listed in cleanup/stubs needing attention pages, not here. Multinational enterprise with revenue around 1.3B USD and nearly 18000 employees in four continents is certainly a valid topic. jni 08:20, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete if it stays a substub by the end of voting. Look, the topic might be worthwhile, but we do ourselves a vast disservice, and our readers an insult, by carrying placeholders like this.  We lose users every time we yield something like this to a search.  Wikipedia isn't just about retaining contributors: we are supposed to be making a reference work.  Geogre 00:51, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete if it stays a substub by the end of voting. Ambi 03:33, 10 Oct 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

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Please add the acquisition of Aricent
P.S. I talked to User:AntiCompositeNumber on IRC about this change. User:AntiCompositeNumber seems to approve of the change.

Please add the following right after 'Dominique Cerutti' in the introduction.

On November 30, 2017, Altran signed an agreement to acquire the global design and engineering services firm Aricent. The deal is expected to close in the first quarter of 2018. The combined entity will have 44,000 employees operating across 30 countries and have close to €3 billion ($3.56 billion) in revenues.

The requested claim statements represent forward-thinking hypotheses regarding future expectations and do not represent matters for an encylopedia, per: WP:FUTURE. If AntiCompositeNumber is willing to make this change to an article which is — by all appearances — already bloated, they are welcome to it. Regards,  Spintendo  ᔦᔭ   03:39, 18 December 2017 (UTC)
 * I believe the wording I used was that the request didn’t obviously violate any policies or guidelines when they asked in WP:IRCHELP. I won’t be adding the sentence nor doing the complete rewrite this article probably needs (WP:OTHERPARENT anyone?), so this article will probably stay as it is. --AntiCompositeNumber (Ring me) 16:31, 18 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Amazingly, I wasn't notified about this through email! Anyhow, thanks and  for looking into this proposed addition. I had a look at WP:FUTURE. The agreement was signed, no crystal balls are needed. The acquisition does not announce a product not is it a rumor. Anything I could do to enhance the text? Angyjoe1 (talk) 08:55, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Capgemini Engineering