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Masaki Kajishima

Masaki Kajishima (梶島 正樹 Kajishima Masaki, born March 16, 1962) is a Japanese animator and storyboard artist who works for AIC in a freelance capacity. He is best known as the creator of Tenchi Muyo! and Dual! Parallel Trouble Adventure. The main character of Tenchi Muyo!, Tenchi Masaki, was named after Kajishima (although the "Masaki" in Tenchi's name is the character's surname and is written with different kanji).

Kajishima was born in Japan in Okayama Prefecture. He was educated at the Osaka Design College.

In addition to his anime works, he has written and published a collection of several dōjinshi dubbed Kajishima Onsen, comics, and stories. He is also the author of the Tenchi Muyo! GXP novels.

Anime

 * Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-Ohki (OVA, 1992–present)
 * Photon: The Idiot Adventures (OVA, 1997–1999)
 * Spaceship Agga Ruter (OVA, 1998–1999)
 * Masquerade (OVA, 1998–1999, 2000–2001)
 * Dual! Parallel Trouble Adventure (TV/OVA, 1999)
 * Tenchi Muyo! GXP (TV, 2002)
 * Tenchi Muyo! War on Geminar (OVA, 2009–2010)

Novels

 * Tenchi Muyo! GXP (2003–ongoing, 16 volumes)
 * Paradise War (2013–2014, 3 volumes)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Masaki Kajishima


text:
Jürgen Bartsch

Jürgen Bartsch (born Karl-Heinz Sadrozinski; November 6, 1946 – April 28, 1976) was a West German serial killer who murdered four boys aged between 8 and 13 and attempted to kill a fifteen-year-old boy. The case of this sexual offender was the first in German jurisdiction history to include psycho-social factors of the defendant, who came from a violent early surrounding, to set down the sentence.

Early life
Bartsch was born an illegitimate child whose birth mother died of tuberculosis five months after his birth, and so he spent the first months of his life being cared for by nurses. At 11 months he was adopted by a butcher and his wife in Langenberg (today Velbert-Langenberg), who gave him the name Jürgen Bartsch. Bartsch's adoptive mother, who suffered from obsessive-compulsive disorder, was fixated on cleanliness. He was not permitted to play with other children, lest he become dirty. This continued into adulthood; his mother personally bathed him until he was 19. At the age of 10, Bartsch entered school. Because, in his parents' opinion, it was not sufficiently strict, he was moved to a Catholic boarding school.

Bartsch was physically abused as a baby and was often discovered with visible scars and bruises. His mother also physically beat him, often in the same room where his father, the butcher, cut up carcasses. He was detained in an underground cellar for six years and was also sexually abused by his mother during bathing sessions. Bartsch was sexually abused by his thirteen-year old cousin when he was only eight years old and was also later abused by his teacher when he was thirteen years old.

Murders
Bartsch began killing at the age of fifteen. His first victim was Klaus Jung who was murdered in 1962. His next victim was Peter Fuchs who was killed three years later in 1965. He persuaded all of his victims to accompany him into an abandoned air-raid shelter, where he forced them to undress and then sexually abused them. He dismembered his first four victims. His intended fifth victim, 15-year-old Peter Frese, however, escaped by burning through his bindings with a candle that Bartsch had left burning after leaving the shelter that he has been keeping his victims in. Bartsch was arrested in 1966.

Sentence
Upon arrest, Bartsch openly confessed to his crimes. He was sentenced to life imprisonment on December 15, 1967, by the Wuppertal regional court (Landgericht Wuppertal). Initially, the sentence was upheld on appeal. However, in 1971, the Federal Court of Justice of Germany, returned the case to the Landgericht Düsseldorf, which reduced the sentence to 10 years of juvenile detention and had Bartsch placed under psychiatric care in Eickelborn. There, he married Gisela Deike of Hanover on January 2, 1974.

Death
The forensic psychiatrists considered various therapy concepts: psychotherapy, castration and even psychosurgery. Bartsch initially refused any surgery but finally agreed to voluntary castration on April 28, 1976, in order to avoid lifetime incarceration in a mental hospital. This was about ten years after incarceration, two years after his marriage, and after his depressive condition did not improve. The doctors of Eickelborn State Hospital chose a castration methodology that accidentally resulted in Bartsch's death. An official autopsy and investigation determined that Bartsch had been intoxicated with a halothane overdose (factor 10) due to a mistake during surgery.

Victims

 * March 31, 1962: Klaus Jung, 8
 * August 6, 1965: Peter Fuchs, 13
 * August 14, 1965: Ulrich Kahlweiss, 12
 * May 6, 1966: Manfred Grassmann, 12
 * June 18, 1966: Peter Frese, 15 (escaped)

Influence
The 2002 film Ein Leben lang kurze Hosen tragen (released in the U.S. in 2004, as The Child I Never Was) depicts Bartsch's life and crimes.

Bartsch is referenced in Elfriede Jelinek's novel Die Kinder der Toten as someone who had no difficulty dismembering his victims.

German metal band Bethlehem, whose bass player is also named Jürgen Bartsch, dedicated their album Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia to Bartsch.

title: Jürgen Bartsch


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Talk:Dire wolf

direwolf
I propose that this article remains about the Dire wolf (Canis dirus) and should not be confused with the direwolf (note the one-word name) that relates to the series of novels forming A Song of Ice and Fire and the television series Game of Thrones. Editors wanting to contribute to the direwolf topic are referred to those articles. Any edits to this Dire wolf page regarding the direwolf will be removed. Please vote either YES or NO. William Harris  •   talk •   10:34, 3 February 2016 (UTC)
 * YES I wholeheartedly agree with this.--Mr Fink (talk) 15:33, 3 February 2016 (UTC)
 * YES I agree, though I'm pretty sure direwolf will be redirected to some GOT related list, and not remain a separate article for long. FunkMonk (talk) 02:05, 4 February 2016 (UTC)
 * YES Strebe (talk) 18:13, 4 February 2016 (UTC)

The consensus WP:CONS is full support for this proposal. It is now implemented. William Harris •   talk •   04:31, 7 February 2016 (UTC)

Proposal - change of genus: Canis →Aenocyon
I propose that the genus of the direwolf be changed in this article from Canis to Aenocyon based on the findings of a major genetic study, which suggests that they are a separate lineage to genus Canis and proposes the older (1918) genus name of Aenocyon. Study found at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03082-x (with publicly available news report found at https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/dire-wolves-were-not-really-wolves-new-genetic-clues-reveal/) William Harris (talk) 11:01, 14 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Support - it seems well-supported, and even in the unlikely event it gets overturned, it doesn't affect the article's title, so is easy to change. FunkMonk (talk) 11:12, 14 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Support - ditto Mariomassone (talk) 12:13, 14 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. Hemiauchenia (talk) 15:26, 14 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Support per nom, though we can’t assume that consensus among experts has, or will, happen. I merely believe such consensus will be forthcoming and therefore support verbiage explaining that the results are too new to be considered ‘fact’. Strebe (talk) 23:55, 14 January 2021 (UTC)

The consensus WP:CONS is full support for this proposal. William Harris (talk) 06:49, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

Canis vs Aenocyon (Dog vs Terrible Dog)
I will be the first to admit that I know next to nothing about how the whole taxonomic system works, but I do know that if you want to change peoples' minds, you need to put it in their faces, ie. newspaper ads, magazine covers, billboards, and more recently, Google searches. I saw it discussed here, after or when it had been done, that the infobox had been changed to Aenocyon. Now, do a Google search of Canis dirus dirus and look at the results, in particular the sidebar or, if you will, the infobox. Wikipedia may not consider itself a reliable source, but a good portion of the rest of the world does. By allowing the change to stand, even though the experts still haven't reached a consensus, means we have now violated WP:CRYSTAL. One of you Guardians of the Sciences should address this: I'm not that bold, and I'm likely to screw it up. — Myk Streja (beep) 15:49, 23 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Since it's not really controversial, it's fairly standard to follow such revisions here. In case a future DNA study finds fault with the last one, we'll just change the article accordingly, wouldn't be the first time. FunkMonk (talk) 16:21, 23 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Well, I'm writing for an online story site (nope, not sharing that), and as part of my research I'm investigating the dire wolf (sabertooth, too). That's why I got to here and saw the discussions. The article confused me and now I see why. That said, another site I went to, the San Diego Wildlife Alliance Library, doesn't even mention Aenocyon, and it was last updated March 2021. See where I'm going? Should we be embracing this change so quickly? Everywhere else is either strictly Canis or they're hedging and saying Canis/Aenocyon. And there's my two pence. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Myk Streja (talk • contribs)
 * Why would the San Diego Wildlife Alliance Library be a relevant authority for animals that became extinct ten thousand years ago? While for living (and to a lesser extent, recently extinct) animals Wikipedia defers to external authorities for classification, for extinct animals the taxonomy is essentially based on whatever happens to be the prevailing name used. Genetic results are typically more reliable than morphological results because they are not subject to homoplasy. Hemiauchenia (talk) 01:31, 24 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I'm not sure the website of a zoo would even be up to date with the latest palaeontological research anyway, so not particularly relevant. And if you look at the page's citations, the newest is from 2010, so it's not like they've taken a stand on this issue at all, it just relies on decade old sources. FunkMonk (talk) 01:36, 24 October 2021 (UTC)
 * The key point is that the genus Aenocyon has been proposed (reinstated?) by 50 evolutionary biologists, and nobody has rebutted it. Therefore, it is not contentious and to claim that "the experts still haven't reached a consensus" is rebutted on the facts. William Harris (talk) 08:00, 29 November 2021 (UTC)

Previous Discussions of Calibrated Radiocarbon Dating
@Strebe I should’ve mentioned this in the edit comments, but the changes I made were ones that @FunkMonk, @Hemiauchenia, and I agreed to in the Columbian mammoth talk page. The radiocarbon dates in the 20th and early 21st century dates are uncalibrated, an issue that is addressed by the more accurate calibrated radiocarbon dates as for instance discussed in the edit history for Megalonyx. PrimalMustelid (talk) 13:28, 18 August 2023 (UTC)

 * @PrimalMustelid: Sounds good. Your edits left in place citations that contradict the edits, so we would need to find suitable replacements. Besides the dates, there is count of extinct megafauna genera, for example. Obviously Stuart is reliable, but if there is controversy remaining among experts, we should be careful about relying on a single reference. Strebe (talk) 17:10, 18 August 2023 (UTC)

Canis
It would appear that some paleobiologists are not buying the paleogeneticists re-classification to genus Aenocyon, based on the latest paper here. We need to keep in mind that Perri et al 2021 did not reveal which of the two mutation rates often used by wolf geneticists was used to give a date of genetic divergence of 5.7 million years ago. The dating may be out by a factor of x2, with the possibility that the age is actually 2.8 million years - which puts the dire wolf straight back into genus Canis once again. Time will tell. 14.2.192.61 (talk) 08:06, 4 October 2023 (UTC)
 * They don't even attempt to refute that study nor do they comment on its results, so saying they aren't "buying into it" is an overstatement. FunkMonk (talk) 09:49, 4 October 2023 (UTC)
 * This particular group of researchers classified dirus as genus Canis and not Aenocyon is all that I am highlighting. 14.2.192.61 (talk) 10:24, 4 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dire wolf


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King Billy

King Billy may refer to:

Australia

 * Jimmy Clements (1847–1927), Wiradjuri elder, also known as "King Billy"
 * King Billy of Armidale, NSW, aka King Bobby, Aboriginal leader, grandfather of Frank Archibald, in honour of whom the Frank Archibald Memorial Lecture Series was named
 * King Billy of Bonny Doon Lorne, Bidjara elder and great-great-grandfather of Christian Thompson (artist), honoured by his 2010 work King Billy
 * King Billy Cokebottle (c. 1949–2019), white Australian comedian who wore blackface
 * Willem Baa Nip (1836–1885), also known as King Billy, William Gore or Billy Wa-wha, was a member of the Wathaurung people
 * William Lanne (c. 1835–1869), last surviving male of the Aboriginal Tasmanian Oyster Cove clan, known as King Billy

United Kingdom

 * Billy Bremner (1942–1997), Scottish footballer, often referred to as "King Billy" by supporters
 * William III of England (1650–1702), informally known in Northern Ireland and Scotland as "King Billy"

Other

 * King Billy Pine, a species of Athrotaxis
 * King Billy of Ballarat and Other Stories (1892), a series of short stories by Morley Roberts

title: King Billy


text:
User talk:Krakpot

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:Krakpot


text:
Metric typographic units

Metric typographic units have been devised and proposed several times to overcome the various traditional point systems. After the French Revolution of 1789 one popular proponent of a switch to metric was Didot, who had been able to standardise the continental European typographic measurement a few decades earlier. The conversion did not happen, though. The Didot point was metrically redefined as $1/undefined$ m (≈ 0.376 mm) in 1879 by Berthold.

The advent and success of desktop publishing (DTP) software and word processors for office use, coming mostly from the non-metric United States, basically revoked this metrication process in typography. DTP commonly uses the PostScript point, which is defined as $1/undefined$ of an inch (352.(7) μm).

Metric Didot Point
With the introduction of phototypesetting in the 1970s metric units were increasingly used in typography. The Didot point was redefined once again to 375 μm exactly ($3/8$ mm).

Quart
Also in the 1970s, the new unit quart (quarter millimetre, abbreviated 'q') of 250 μm ($1/undefined$ mm) was devised. The German draft standard DIN 16507-2 has suggested that digital typography will be specified using millimeters, with sizes in multiples of 0.250 mm. In some special cases where finer resolution is required, it is permitted with sizes in multiples of 0.100 or 0.050 mm (respectively 2.5 and 5 times finer step sizes).

German graphic designer and typographer Otl Aicher (1922 – 1991) vividly encouraged the use of the quart, and provided a suggested list of common sizes: Note that Aicher's font sizes are based on the DIN standard then in development, which uses the H-height, whereas in lead typesetting the larger cap height was used. Some typographers have proposed using the x-height instead, because the psychological size depends more on the size of default, lowercase letters.

Device resolutions
The resolution of computer screens is often denoted in millimetres pitch, whereas office printers are usually denoted reciprocally in dots per inch ('dpi', 'd/in'). Phototypesetters have long used micrometres.

To convert dpi resolution to μm resolution, the formula to be used is $4 2/3$, where R is the resolution in dpi. So for example 96 dpi translates to a resolution of 265 μm.

The CSS3 media queries draft introduces the unit dots per centimetre (dpcm) for resolution.

title: Metric typographic units


text:
User talk:DATR

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

The Story of King Billy listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect The Story of King Billy. Since you had some involvement with the The Story of King Billy redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. — the Man in Question (in question)  21:46, 15 July 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:DATR


text: Category:Gonzales County, Texas

title: Category:Gonzales County, Texas


text:
Aline Kominsky-Crumb

Aline Kominsky-Crumb (née Goldsmith; August 1, 1948 – November 29, 2022) was an American underground comics artist. Kominsky-Crumb's work, which is almost exclusively autobiographical, is known for its unvarnished, confessional nature. In 2016, ComicsAlliance listed Kominsky-Crumb as one of twelve women cartoonists deserving of lifetime achievement recognition. She was married to cartoonist Robert Crumb, with whom she frequently collaborated. Their daughter, Sophie Crumb, is also a cartoonist.

Early life and education
Aline Goldsmith was born to a Jewish family in the Five Towns area of Long Island, New York. Her father was a largely unsuccessful businessman and organized crime associate. As a teenager, she turned to drugs and the counterculture, and was a hanger-on to New York countercultural musicians such as The Fugs. Relocating to East Village during her college years, she began studying art at The Cooper Union.

In 1968, Aline married Carl Kominsky, with whom she relocated to Tucson, Arizona. Their marriage did not last long. However, she retained the surname Kominsky after their split. During this time, she attended University of Arizona, graduating with a BFA in 1971.

Career
Kominsky-Crumb was introduced to underground cartoonists Spain Rodriguez and Kim Deitch by former Fugs drummer Ken Weaver, who was living in Tucson at the same time. Rodriguez and Deitch introduced her to underground comix, inspiring her to begin making underground comics herself and to relocate to San Francisco.

In 1972, soon after arriving in San Francisco, Aline was introduced to Robert Crumb by mutual friends, who had noted an uncanny resemblance between her and the coincidentally-named Crumb character Honeybunch Kaminski (who had been created in 1970). Their relationship soon became serious, and they began living together.

Kominsky-Crumb also fell in with the Wimmen's Comix collective, and contributed to the first few issues of that series. After she and Diane Noomin had a falling out with Trina Robbins and other members of the collective, they started their own title, Twisted Sisters. Kominsky-Crumb later claimed that a large part of her break with the Wimmen's Comix group was over feminist issues and particularly over her relationship with Robert Crumb, whom Robbins particularly disliked.

Kominsky-Crumb married Crumb in 1978. Their daughter Sophie was born in 1981. Starting in the late 1970s, Aline and Robert produced a series of collaborative comics called Dirty Laundry (also known as Aline & Bob's Dirty Laundry), a comic about the Crumb family life. They both drew their own characters for the comic. Around this time, Kominsky-Crumb began calling her comics avatar "The Bunch," a reference to the similarly named Crumb character. Later installments of Dirty Laundry feature contributions by Sophie, who also began producing comics in her teens.

From 1986 to 1993, Kominsky-Crumb was editor of Weirdo, a leading alternative comics anthology of the time, taking over the editorship from Peter Bagge, who had previously taken over from original editor Robert Crumb. Her editorial reign was known as "Twisted Sisters", reviving that title; Noomin was a frequent Weirdo contributor during this period, which also featured Kominsky-Crumb's own comics.

From 1991, Robert and Aline lived as expatriates in a small French village in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. Aline had long been an avowed Francophile, while Robert had become especially disgusted with American culture, and they believed it would be a better environment for their daughter.

Kominsky-Crumb was featured in a number of scenes in Crumb, the 1994 documentary about the Crumb family.

Kominsky-Crumb and her husband had an open marriage, and Kominsky-Crumb's "second husband", French printmaker Christian Coudurès, lived with the family (as did his daughter, Agathe McCamy, who assisted Kominsky-Crumb in coloring her comics).

In addition to her comics work, Kominsky-Crumb was a painter. After moving to France, she focused more on painting and less on producing comics. In February 2007 she released a memoir entitled Need More Love: A Graphic Memoir, a collection of her comics and paintings, along with photographs and autobiographical writings.

In 2018, Kominsky-Crumb's Love That Bunch, which was originally published in 1990, was expanded by Drawn & Quarterly with new comics and an introduction written by Hillary Chute.

Death
Kominsky-Crumb died from pancreatic cancer at her home in France on November 29, 2022, at the age of 74.

In popular culture
In the 2015 movie, The Diary of a Teenage Girl set in San Francisco during the mid-1970's, the heroine, an aspiring cartoonist, imagines herself talking with Kominsky, and apparently writes a letter to Kominsky, and receives a response, encouraging her to continue drawing.

Comics contributed to

 * Wimmen's Comix #1, 2, #4 (1972–1974)
 * El Perfecto (1973) – contributor & editor
 * Manhunt (1973–1974)
 * Dirty Laundry Comics #1, 2 (1974–1977)
 * Arcade (1975–1976)
 * Twisted Sisters (Last Gasp, 1976) – contributor & editor
 * Lemme Outta Here (The Print Mint, 1978)
 * Best Buy Comics (Apex Novelties / Last Gasp, 1979–88)
 * Weirdo (Last Gasp, 1986–1993) – contributor & editor
 * Real Stuff #6 (Fantagraphics, 1992)
 * Twisted Sisters #4 (Kitchen Sink Press, 1994)
 * Self-Loathing Comics #1 & 2 (Fantagraphics, 1995–97)

Solo work

 * ); re-issued by Drawn & Quarterly in 2018 (ISBN 978-1-77046-305-9)
 * ); re-issued by Drawn & Quarterly in 2018 (ISBN 978-1-77046-305-9)

Interviews

 * "'He always laughs at my jokes and is my best fan'", The Guardian, March 25, 2005. – Aline Kominsky-Crumb answers Guardian readers' questions.
 * "The R. Crumb Handbook", The Leonard Lopate Show, April 13, 2005.
 * "Aline Crumb" interview by Daniel Robert Epstein, SuicideGirls, November 29, 2006.
 * "Loudmouth: Aline Kominsky-Crumb tells all", interview by Sara Ivry, Nextbook, February 5, 2007. (page links to MP3 audio file)
 * "The Crumbs' Underground Comics", interview with Aline and Robert Crumb by Terry Gross, Fresh Air, February 13, 2007. (page links to streaming RealPlayer audio)
 * Interview with Hillary Chute, The Believer, November/December 2009
 * Kristen Schilt interviews Aline Kominsky-Crumb at "Comics: Philosophy & Practice" Conference, May 2012

title: Aline Kominsky-Crumb


text:
Talk:Saint Joseph's Day

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Guthrieg.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 08:33, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Meatless
I think this custom prevails because the feast predates current Lenten practice. However, I'm not Catholic, so I don't know for certain. Somebody knowledgeable ought to review this whole article. 76.215.2.140 23:04, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Merge with La Festa di San Giuseppe
"Solemnity of Saint Joseph" is something hardly anyone is going to search for. My guess is that most people are going to be looking for "St. Joseph's Day" and most will be seeking info on the Italian feast day. Currently, a search on "St. Joseph's Day" sends you here, not there. 76.215.2.140 16:49, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

Father
I don't think "foster father" is an appropriate way to refer to St. Joseph. A foster parent takes in someone else's child, not usually one born to their wife, even if they are not the father. It is a legal term that probably didn't exist in 1st century Bethlehem. You could just as easily call him stepfather, which I don't think is right either. Why not "earthly father" and husband of Jesus' mother Mary?  ~ InkQuill  18:26, 4 March 2008 (UTC)

I wasn't going to question "foster father", a term I have heard for many years for St. Joseph. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.63.16.20 (talk) 19:18, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

I like the term Earthly Father. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.105.45.122 (talk) 19:10, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Poland
Polish Christians celebrate the Feast of St. Joseph as well, as he is the patron saint of Poland. 209.37.138.50 (talk) 14:47, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

San Juan Capistrano Fiesta Info.
I removed the info. about the Mission San Juan Capistrano, San Juan Capistrano, California festival. Unless I am wrong it doesn't have anything to do with St. Joesph's Day.Truthunmasked (talk) 10:55, 12 January 2009 (UTC)

Rank of the celebration
The rank double of the first class does not exist in the Roman Catholic Church anymore. I have corrected the reference to solemnity. However, I kept the other reference because I'm sure it is still used by those called traditional Catholics. Caeruleancentaur (talk) 02:45, 13 September 2011 (UTC)

Notice, however, that if you are using the 1962 missal, both the March 19 feast and the May 1 feast have the rank of first class.

"logjam of feasts"
We notice that the March 19 feast, if conflicting with Holy Week, was, in 2008, transferred to the closest available day BEFORE Palm Sunday, so was observed on March 15 that year). I saw the term "logjam of feasts" which would otherwise have resulted (any year that Easter fell on March 22 thru 26), because Annunciation (listed on March 25) also had to be transferred.  It's also come to my attention that St. Patrick's (listed on March 17 and is the Ireland patronal feast), was observed in Ireland on March 14 in 2008 (could not use March 15 because that was being used for St. Joseph).  Easter was March 23 in 2008, leading to the rare case of March 17 in Holy Week.

Long ago (say in 1913?), St. Patrick's in that situation would also been postponed to beyond the Sunday after Easter, adding 1 more feast to the "logjam" I referred to. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.63.16.20 (talk) 19:37, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Requested move 12 December 2015

 * The following is a closed discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was not moved (as to each). This is a single close of multiple related contemporaneous moves requests by one nominator – in no particular order, of:
 * Talk:Cross of St. George;
 * Talk:Order of St. Gregory the Great;
 * Talk:St Joseph's Day;
 * Talk:St Mark's Eve;
 * Talk:St. Martin's Day;
 * Talk:St. Andrew's Day;
 * Talk:Order of St. George; and
 * Talk:Fort St. Angelo.
 * The nomination text is near identical as to each ("To recover/relief/remove from/the abbrevation") and opaque to the extent that we can only infer that abbreviations in article titles are considered poor or improper for unspecified reasons and without a policy- or guideline-based rationale. Each has been opposed on the basis that there is no overarching prohibition or preference in our naming conventions against the use of abbreviations and that the common names policy does not support the move—that the use of St/St. as to each title is more common in a preponderance of reliable English language sources, than is Saint spelled out. Since that was only supported by assertion and by reference to a web search (as opposed to a search that tends to concentrate reliable sources, such as of books), I have done a spot check and it is borne out by quite a significant margin, e.g., this versus this. The chief ground for supports was to avoid contests/edit wars over whether or not to affix a period to the abbreviation, i.e, St versus St. We generally do not choose titles based on the possibility of edit wars but rather based on what title is proper, on the merits, under our naming conventions. If any user wishes to take on a requested move on that issue, that can be done separately – though they should probably read all subsections of Manual of Style first. Finally, I note that though one contributor was found to be a sockpuppet and his or her !vote was struck where it appeared, the sockpuppet charge as to the nominator was returned unsubstantiated, and does not figure in this close.--Fuhghettaboutit (talk) 22:24, 27 December 2015 (UTC)

St Joseph's Day → Saint Joseph's Day – To replace the abbrevation. Chicbyaccident (talk) 17:26, 12 December 2015 (UTC) Relisted. Brown HairedGirl (talk) • (contribs) 03:33, 20 December 2015 (UTC)  Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus. Relisting comment: The result of this discussion may be impacted by the sockpuppet investigation of the proposer, and should await its outcome. -- Brown HairedGirl (talk) • (contribs) 03:33, 20 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Support WP:COMMONALITY to avoid editwars about the grammatical dot at "St. / St" due to English dialects -- 70.51.44.60 (talk) 07:06, 13 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Support fully the replacement of abbreviations by clear informative full names. Peco Wikau (talk) 22:07, 17 December 2015 (UTC). BLOCKED SOCKPUPPET
 * Oppose per WP:COMMONNAME. The overwhelming majority of sources use "St." Also, please note that I started a sock puppet investigation of the proposer, the anon IP above, and Peco Wikau; both the IP and that account appear to be socks of Chicbyaccident. Rockypedia (talk) 23:22, 17 December 2015 (UTC)

Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Brown HairedGirl (talk) • (contribs) 03:33, 20 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Support avoiding the contested abbreviation in these cases. Srnec (talk) 13:36, 22 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Oppose per WP:COMMONNAME. Google turns up 128k hits vs 30k. Alsee (talk) 16:39, 23 December 2015 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

External links modified
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title: Talk:Saint Joseph's Day


text:
Talk:Democratic capitalism

Untitled
"In short, democratic capitalism is a market-based economy that bends to the will (i.e., regulation) of a majority." Let's be realistic: Between the market and the will of the majority lies ideology, and ideology lies. The phrase inside quotation marks above is biased. Ideology (= what society is led to believe) determines the will of the majority (yeah, your beliefs govern your choices) in its decisions regarding the market, and the owners of the market (the ones with the means) determine the ideology, in great measure. This is clear. Now, then, who "bends" the market in reality? THINK ABOUT IT! --> Especially when we see how the GWB administration managed to make a tax exemption on the very rich. He ACTUALLY MANAGED to do this in a democratic system. This is a great example of what I mean to say. Frankly, I wouldn't want the "democratic capitalism" article to be changed, as it is still another example of what I mean to say. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 192.44.136.103 (talk • contribs) Dec 2004 (UTC)

Additions
This article needs a complete history section, detailing some of the main intellectuals behind the idea. It could also use a "modern" section demonstrating how Democratic Capitalism is implemented in societies today.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Mercado-NJITWILL

Contradictory/unsourced claims on the history of the ideology
It seems contradictory to me to claim that democratic capitalist ideology "has been in existence since medieval times" then, in the next sentence, that it "is based firmly on the principles of liberalism and Whig historiography" which are themselves much more recent ideas stemming from the enlightenment.

civic education
criticaly analiyze the concept of capitalist democracy in respect to the modern days democracy — Preceding unsigned comment added by 105.112.161.141 (talk) 19:56, 16 October 2022 (UTC)

Weirdly about Catholicism.
It’s not relevant or normal for this article to b so much about Catholicism. 2601:18D:8700:ED40:902B:A5B3:F402:DBD (talk) 02:32, 4 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Democratic capitalism


text:
FactCheck.org

FactCheck.org is a nonprofit website that aims to reduce the level of deception and confusion in U.S. politics by providing original research on misinformation and hoaxes. It is a project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center of the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania, and is funded primarily by the Annenberg Foundation.

Kathleen Hall Jamieson's 1993 book Dirty Politics, in which she criticized the presidential campaigns of George H. W. Bush and Michael Dukakis in 1988, provided the idea for FactCheck.org.

Most of its content consists of rebuttals to inaccurate, misleading, or false claims made by politicians. FactCheck.org has also targeted misinformation from various political action committees. Other features include:
 * Ask FactCheck: users can ask questions that are usually based on an online rumor.
 * Viral Spiral: a page dedicated to the most popular online myths that the site has debunked. It clarifies the answer as well as links readers to a full article on the subject.
 * Party Lines: talking points that have been repeatedly used by multiple members of a political party.
 * Mailbag: page for readers' sent letters and praise or disapproval of something said on the site.

History
FactCheck.org was launched in December 2003 by Brooks Jackson, a former Associated Press, Wall Street Journal, and CNN reporter who had covered Washington and national politics since 1970. As a special assignment correspondent at CNN during the 1992 political campaign season, Jackson became well known for his "Ad Police" reports, which monitored candidates' advertising and financing strategies throughout the campaign. In 2003, Kathleen Hall Jamieson of the Annenberg Public Policy Center approached Jackson about forming FactCheck.org, and the site was online in December of that year.

In 2007, UnSpun was published. This book was co-written by Brooks Jackson, the director emeritus of Factcheck.org and by Kathleen Hall Jamieson, the director of the Annenberg Public Policy Center. It teaches readers how to be aware of the deceptions, or "spin", that is commonly used in media and by politicians.

In January 2013, Jackson stepped down as director of FactCheck.org. He now holds the title of director emeritus. Eugene Kiely, a former reporter and editor at The Record (of Hackensack, New Jersey), The Philadelphia Inquirer and USA Today, is now the site's director. FactCheck.org employs a staff of four full-time journalists, and offers yearly fellowships to undergraduate students at the University of Pennsylvania.

In 2019, Factcheck.org celebrated its 15th anniversary.

2004 vice-presidential debate
FactCheck.org became a focus of political commentary following the 2004 vice-presidential debate between Dick Cheney and John Edwards. Cheney cited the website, claiming that the independent site defended his actions while CEO of Halliburton. Cheney's claim was disputed by FactCheck.org as wrong, saying that "Edwards was mostly right" when talking about "Cheney's responsibility for earlier Halliburton troubles".

Cheney's reference created some controversy because he incorrectly cited the web site's address as "FactCheck.com." At the time of the debate, factcheck.com was controlled by Frank Schilling's company Name Administration Inc., who quickly redirected the address to point to an anti-Bush website owned by Bush critic George Soros.

2012 presidential election
FactCheck.org also became a focus of national attention in the summer of 2012, during the presidential race between incumbent Democrat Barack Obama and GOP challenger Mitt Romney. The Obama campaign ran a TV ad accusing Romney of involvement in the outsourcing of American jobs overseas by Bain Capital, the venture capital firm that he had founded in 1984. FactCheck.org ruled this ad to be false, claiming that the acts of outsourcing occurred after Romney had left the company to head the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. In response, the Obama campaign contested FactCheck.org's ruling in a six-page letter that was distributed to major news corporations, holding that Romney still retained responsibility for the company's actions.

2016 presidential election
Since November 2014, FactCheck.org has published twenty-eight pages of articles checking the facts on the many 2016 presidential candidates. As of April 2016, the five remaining candidates had dedicated archives to their fact-checked claims.

In 2016, FactCheck.org became a fact-checking partner of Facebook.

The findings of the fact checking process can be seen publicly and have been broken down.

Awards and recognition
The site has gained recognition and won numerous awards for its contributions to political journalism. In 2004, Time magazine named FactCheck.org as one of the "50 best websites 2004". In 2006, Time magazine named FactCheck.org one of the "25 Sites We Can't Live Without." In 2008, PC Magazine called it one of the "20 Best Political Websites." In 2009, the Association for Women in Communications awarded FactCheck.org the Clarion Awards. In 2010, FactCheck.org won the Delta-Chi-Price of the Society of Professional Journalists.

Between 2008 and 2012, the site won four Webby Awards in the Politics category, in 2008, 2010, 2011, and 2012; as well as four People's Voice Awards in Politics, in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2012. FactCheck.org also won a 2010 Sigma Delta Chi Award from the Society of Professional Journalists for reporting on deceptive claims made about the federal health care legislation.

title: FactCheck.org


text:
Talk:Libertinism

I haven't a clue what this is going on about. It's unwikified, which makes it hard to ascertain what the article is about, but I am loath to wikify it as, while I understand that it is necessary to make this page if Gnosticism et. al. link to it, I believe that no article at all is better than a partially finished article about Libertinism signed with a personal comment. It's also partially copied from Gnosticism, which is of no real use - Shikasta 21:31, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Libertinism


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Daddy Toughnuts

Daddy Toughnuts was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

Hoax. --jpgordon {yammer} 21:34, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Patent nonsense. Candidate for speedy deletion.  RickK 21:37, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)

 * O what a pity! ROTFLOL; keep for BJAODN; Delete. — Bill 21:49, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Mildly amusing BJAODN-fodder. Delete. Fire Star 01:42, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nonsense/prank.   — Gwalla | Talk 03:24, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nonsense or hoax. Do not bother to put in BJAODN. jni 08:50, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete --Jll 11:19, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:Cooler than Walker

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:Cooler than Walker


text:
Douglas F6D Missileer

The Douglas F6D Missileer was a proposed carrier-based fleet defense fighter designed by Douglas Aircraft Company in response to a 1959 United States Navy requirement. It was designed to be able to loiter for extended periods at a relatively long distance from the Navy's aircraft carriers, engaging hostile aircraft 100 mi away with its powerful radar and long-range missiles. Since the enemy would be fired on long before they reached visual range, the aircraft had little dogfighting capability and was strictly subsonic. When doubts were expressed about the Missileer's ability to defend itself after firing its missiles, the value of the project was questioned, leading to its cancellation. Some of the Missileer's systems, primarily the engines, radar, and missiles, continued development in spite of the cancellation, eventually emerging on the ill-fated General Dynamics–Grumman F-111B and successful Grumman F-14 Tomcat years later.

Background
Through the later part of the 1950s and into the 1960s, military air planners increasingly believed that future air combat would be carried out almost entirely by long-range missile fire. This changed the basic requirements for a fighter design considerably. The pilots would be expected to fight primarily through their radar and fire control systems, hopefully never even seeing their opponent. Because of this, the emphasis was on "head down" combat and an all-round view was considered unimportant. Radar systems were so complex that a pilot could not be expected to operate both the aircraft and the radar, so a second crewman, the "radar intercept officer", or "RIO", became a common fixture.

In the case of the Navy, the primary threat to their air operations would be high-speed aircraft attacking their aircraft carriers, potentially with long-range anti-ship missiles that were assumed to have nuclear warheads. Even if detected at long distances, these aircraft would be traveling so fast that the carrier-borne interceptors simply would not have enough time to launch and attack them before they had closed with the carriers. For instance, given a 100 mi range on the shipboard radars, an aircraft traveling at Mach 2, about 1,400 mph (2,300 km/h), would close from initial detection to a 5 mi firing range in just over four minutes. In this time, an interceptor would have to launch, climb to altitude, maneuver into position, and fire.

One solution to this problem was to keep the interceptors in the air at all times. But given the short loiter times of high-performance aircraft like the F-4 Phantom, this would require huge fleets of fighters in order to keep a top cover in place while others were refueling. An aircraft with dramatically improved loiter times would be needed to make this approach practical. Another solution would be to increase the detection range, allowing more time for an interception. However, the detection range is largely a function of the radar horizon as seen from the radar mast, and there was little that could be done to extend this much beyond 100 mi. The solution here was to mount the search radar on aircraft, pushing the range out hundreds of miles from the ships.

Missileer forms
In 1957, the Navy began the formal process of ordering what they referred to as a "fleet defense fighter". They envisioned a large aircraft with loiter times on the order of six hours, supported by a dedicated radar aircraft providing early warning. In order to get the loiter times they wanted, the aircraft had to carry a large fuel load and was thus very large. The complex radar required dedicated operators, which resulted in a three-man crew. Additionally, they specified a side-by-side layout so both the pilot and co-pilot could concentrate on a single, centered radar display, avoiding duplication of equipment and helping reduce communications errors that could occur if they were looking at different screens. Since dogfighting was out of the question, the aircraft was strictly subsonic and did not require all-round visibility, suggesting a cockpit layout similar to the Grumman A-6 Intruder.

The process formally started in December 1958 when Bendix was awarded a contract to develop the AAM-N-10 Eagle missile system After launch, the Eagle was boosted to Mach 3.5 by a large solid-propellant rocket booster, and then after a glide period, a long-burning sustainer motor slowly increased speed to Mach 4.5. Using a lofted trajectory that flew up and over the targets at high altitudes, the missile had an effective range of 160 mi. On final approach the missile activated its onboard radar, based on the AN/DPN-53 used in the CIM-10 Bomarc surface-to-air missile, using these signals for terminal active radar homing.

At the same time, Westinghouse won the contract to develop the AN/APQ-81 radar for the aircraft. This was an advanced pulse-Doppler radar system with a maximum range against bomber-sized targets at about 120 mi, and was able to track eight targets at a time in its track while scan mode at up to 80 mi. The radar also broadcast midcourse corrections to the missiles, and was in charge of calculating their lofted trajectories. The 120 mi range of the AN/APQ-81 meant the Eagle could not be fired at its maximum effective range of 160 mi, but the Eagle also had a home-on-jam capability that allowed it to attack targets at its maximum range, although this was reduced in practice as it did not use midcourse corrections and flew directly at the target at lower altitudes.

To support the fighters, an improved early warning radar aircraft was needed, and Grumman won the contract with the W2F Hawkeye. It was equipped with the AN/APS-125 radar, which had a search range of 200 mi. This allowed a single Hawkeye to cover an area serviced by several of the fighters. Operators on these aircraft would pass information to the pilots of the interceptors, who would then use their own radars to lock on to the targets.

Finally, in July 1960, Douglas Aircraft won the contract for the aircraft itself, being selected over designs from North American Aviation and McDonnell Aircraft. They proposed using the relatively new turbofan engine design to improve fuel economy, and thus loiter time. Pratt & Whitney was selected to start development of the TF30 to fill this role. Other than that, the F6D design was typical of subsonic designs of years earlier, like their Douglas F3D Skyknight. It featured a large cockpit area well forward on the aircraft, above the large radar and avionics section in a somewhat bulbous arrangement with windows on the front area only. The two engines were mounted on the side of the aircraft under the straight wings, and the rest of the fuselage and tail section were very simple.

Cancellation
In order for the F6D "system" to work, a large number of technologies had to work at the same time. Among these were the new engines, radar, missiles, and the supporting early warning aircraft. Development of the F6D itself was highly likely to be successful and low cost, but the system as a whole was very risky and expensive.

Throughout the program, others in the Navy questioned the entire concept. They argued that, once the Missileer had fired its missiles, it would be completely unable to defend itself, and would have to return to the carrier as quickly as possible to re-arm. During that time, its slow speed and lack of dogfighting ability would make it an easy target for any escorting forces in the strike package. These arguments eventually won out, and, when combined with a desire to cut military spending in pursuit of a balanced budget, led to the cancellation of the F6D in December 1961.

However, the idea of a long-range interceptor was accepted even by those that did not support the F6D. Around this time, the Air Force had been studying its own interceptor needs and had made some progress on their North American XF-108 Rapier design, along with supporting radars and missiles. With the ending of the Missileer, the Navy turned to these projects to see if they could be adapted to their needs. Hughes had been working on the GAR-9 Falcon, a very large missile design similar to the Eagle in many ways. Hughes was also supplying the AN/ASG-18 radar system for the F-108, and while it was less advanced than the AN/APQ-81 and lacked track-while-scan, it had even greater range.

Although the F-108 was cancelled at about the same time as the Missileer, the Air Force was interested in keeping the weapons and radar programs alive for their Lockheed F-12 interceptor project. Hughes proposed that the systems could be adapted for Navy use as well, offering a newer version of the Falcon as the AAM-N-11 Phoenix, and a modified version of the radar as the AN/AWG-9. The Navy was eventually forced to participate in the TFX joint-services program that resulted in the General Dynamics/Grumman F-111B, which would have used these systems. When the F-111B ran into intractable problems in terms of aircraft performance as an air-to-air fighter and operational difficulties as a sea-based aircraft aboard aircraft carriers, the same systems were instead fitted to the F-14 Tomcat.

The Missileer's lasting contribution was not only its systems, but its engines. The TF30, with an afterburner, was used on both the F-111 and F-14, and turbofans are now commonplace in military jets. But while the TF30 was well-suited to the land-based fighter-bomber performance parameters of the F-111s and FB-111s operated by the U.S. Air Force and the Royal Australian Air Force, it was highly susceptible to compressor stalls in high angle-of-attack flight regimes and proved to be a marginal powerplant for the U.S. Navy's air superiority fighter-oriented F-14A Tomcat. Later versions of the F-14, the F-14B and F-14D, would replace the problematic TF30s with two General Electric F110 afterburning turbofan engines.

Design
The F6D-1 would have weighed approximately 50000 lb. It would have been powered by two Pratt & Whitney TF30-P2 non-afterburning turbofan engines which were more fuel efficient than the turbojets common at the time. It would have had subsonic performance, but a loiter time of six hours on station 150 nmi from its carrier. Of conventional design with straight wings, and the engines in pods at the root, it resembled a larger version of the company's earlier F3D Skyknight. The Missileer's radar was to be the Westinghouse AN/APQ-81 pulse Doppler set, with a range of 138 mi and "track while scan" capability. It was to be able to engage up to six targets simultaneously with the 100 mi-range Eagle air-to-air missiles. The Eagle was to have a choice of conventional or nuclear warhead, and the Missileer would carry six of the weapons under its straight wings.

title: Douglas F6D Missileer


text: User talk:82.32.105.113

title: User talk:82.32.105.113


text:
Catherine Taber

Catherine Taber is an American actress. She is known for voicing Padmé Amidala in Star Wars: The Clone Wars and Lori Loud and Katherine Mulligan on The Loud House. Taber is also known for her role as the protagonist Jesse (female) in Minecraft: Story Mode.

Career
In 2000, Taber made her feature film debut starring alongside Soleil Moon Frye and Wil Wheaton in the coming of age dramedy The Girls' Room, where she and Frye play college roommates with contrasting lifestyles.

Taber got her break into video game voice-overs in Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic in 2003, where she played Mission Vao. She voiced Penelo in Final Fantasy XII, for which she was nominated for a National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers (NAVGTR) Award for Supporting Role in a Drama in 2006.

She was the voice of Padmé Amidala in the Star Wars: The Clone Wars animated film and television series that aired on Cartoon Network from 2008 to 2014. Although she auditioned for the part, she credits her video game roles in the Star Wars universe as helping her become a fan and landing the part. She also voiced Amidala in the related Star Wars video games, as well as the character Vette in Star Wars: The Old Republic. She voiced Princess Leia in the Star Wars: Force Unleashed video games, and provided voices during production of the now cancelled animated comedy series Star Wars Detours. Meanwhile, in live-action roles, she had a starring role in the horror movie The Morningside Monster which screened at the Phoenix Film Festival in April 2014.

Outside of science fiction films and video games, she voiced Ginger the Pig in A Pig's Tail, an animated 2012 short film made by Aardman Animations for The Humane Society.

In 2016, Taber provided voice work on Nickelodeon's The Loud House, where she voices such characters as Lori Loud, Katherine Mulligan, and Girl Jordan.

Taber also voiced female Jesse in both seasons of the video game Minecraft: Story Mode (2015–17), which was first released by Telltale Games on October 12, 2015.

In 2021, Taber reprised her role as Katherine Mulligan from The Loud House in the live-action film A Loud House Christmas.

Philanthropy
Taber runs a charity website called Games for Soldiers where she collects video game donations for U.S. soldiers overseas.

Audiobooks

 * Gods in Alabama (2005)
 * Star Wars: Empire & Rebellion: Razor's Edge (2013)
 * Gray Mountain (2014)
 * Star Wars: Queen's Shadow (2019)
 * Star Wars: Queen’s Peril (2020)
 * Doctor Aphra: An Audiobook Original (2020)
 * Star Wars: Queen’s Hope (2022)

title: Catherine Taber


text:
User talk:AMoll

Please stop this. If you wish to discuss neutral edits to either Rick Crawford or Phil Gingrey, feel free to go to the respective talk page. This will not accomplish your goal, whatever that might be. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 21:40, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)

You should stop what you are doing. Please. AMoll

 * Please discuss any future edits to either Phil Gingrey or Rick Crawford on the respective talk pages. I am willing to discuss, but I will not permit NPOV to be violated. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 18:53, Oct 10, 2004 (UTC)

Arbitration
I have requested arbitration about you at Requests for arbitration. Feel free to respond there. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 17:08, Oct 11, 2004 (UTC)

Well bless your heart you get to play the little wiki lawyer don't you? How cute. If there was a woman in your life I'm sure she would find it just adorable. AMoll

Dear users 68.60.20.85, 66.20.28.21, ShepsleH, GreatLeapForward and AMoll. I notice you keep reverting the medical torture page. I also note you have arbitration request against your names, but hey, I'm willing to overlook that. I'll also overlook the fact you created the medical torture article after you got kicked off the Phil Gingrey article for adding NPOV material and continually reverting other Wikipedians' attempts to take it out. I have nothing against creating new articles, and I think medical torture is a subject worthy of its own article. Thanks for starting it.

I'm asking politely if you'd agree to discuss your views on the medical torture article. For example, why do you really, really have to have Phil Gingrey in the list of "Medical practitioners associated with torture" at all costs, with no explanation or sources? Why do you try and redefine the term "medical torture" to "whatever Phil Gingrey does"? Please respond on the talk page. As you've seen before, I'm more than willing to accept and even expand on additions to the page, provided there are credible sources. I'm also happy to accept any non-contentious edits you make, but please leave the NPOV boilerplate intact. Until you speak up and let me know why Wikipedia really, really has to call Phil Gingrey a torturer, I'll keep reverting your attempts to add him in. Trust me, you'll get bored first. Kyz 10:42, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC) _________________

are you like desperate for human interaction? you sound like a pathetic stalker

title: User talk:AMoll


text:
Bastion host

A bastion host is a special-purpose computer on a network specifically designed and configured to withstand attacks, so named by analogy to the bastion, a military fortification. The computer generally hosts a single application or process, for example, a proxy server or load balancer, and all other services are removed or limited to reduce the threat to the computer. It is hardened in this manner primarily due to its location and purpose, which is either on the outside of a firewall or inside of a demilitarized zone (DMZ) and usually involves access from untrusted networks or computers. These computers are also equipped with special networking interfaces to withstand high-bandwidth attacks through the internet.

Definitions
The term is generally attributed to a 1990 article discussing firewalls by Marcus J. Ranum, who defined a bastion host as "a system identified by the firewall administrator as a critical strong point in the network security. Generally, bastion hosts will have some degree of extra attention paid to their security, may undergo regular audits, and may have modified software".

It has also been described as "any computer that is fully exposed to attack by being on the public side of the DMZ, unprotected by a firewall or filtering router. Firewalls and routers, anything that provides perimeter access control security can be considered bastion hosts.  Other types of bastion hosts can include web, mail, DNS, and FTP servers. Due to their exposure, a great deal of effort must be put into designing and configuring bastion hosts to minimize the chances of penetration".

Placement
There are two common network configurations that include bastion hosts and their placement. The first requires two firewalls, with bastion hosts sitting between the first "outside world" firewall, and an inside firewall, in a DMZ. Often, smaller networks do not have multiple firewalls, so if only one firewall exists in a network, bastion hosts are commonly placed outside the firewall.

Use cases
Though securing remote access is the main use case of a bastion server, there are a few more use cases of a bastion host such as:
 * Authentication gateway
 * VPN alternative
 * Alternative to internal admin tools
 * Alternative to file transfers
 * Alternative way to share resource credentials
 * Intrusion detection
 * Software inventory management

Examples
These are several examples of bastion host systems/services:
 * DNS (Domain Name System) server
 * Email server
 * FTP (File Transfer Protocol) server
 * Honeypot
 * Proxy server
 * VPN (virtual private network) server
 * Web server

title: Bastion host


text:
Chonmage

The chonmage (丁髷) is a type of traditional Japanese topknot haircut worn by men. It is most commonly associated with the Edo period (1603–1868) and samurai, and in recent times with sumo wrestlers. It was originally a method of using hair to hold a samurai kabuto helmet steady atop the head in battle, and became a status symbol among Japanese society.

In a traditional Edo-period chonmage, the top of the head is shaved. The remaining hair was oiled and waxed before being tied into a small tail folded onto the top of the head in the characteristic topknot.

History
The origins of the chonmage can be traced back to the Heian period. During this period, aristocrats wore special cap-like crowns as part of their official clothing. To secure the crown in place, the hair would be tied near the back of the head.

Between the 1580s (towards the end of the Warring States period, 1467–1615) and the 1630s (the beginning of the Edo period, 1603–1867), Japanese cultural attitudes to men's hair shifted; where a full head of hair and a beard had been valued as a sign of manliness in the preceding militaristic era, in the ensuing period of peace, this gradually shifted until a beard and an unshaven pate were viewed as barbaric, and resistant of the peace that had resulted from two centuries of civil war. This change was also enforced during the Japanese invasion of Joseon (1592–1598), where some Japanese commanders forced the submitted Koreans to shave their heads to this hairstyle, as a method of converting their identities to that of Japanese.

A shaven pate (the sakayaki) became required of the samurai classes by the early Edo period, and by the 1660s, all men, commoner or samurai, were forbidden from wearing beards, with the sakayaki deemed mandatory. The style of the chonmage ("topknot") was dependent on the social status of the wearer, with that of the samurai being more pronounced than artisans or merchants. Ronin, samurai who did not serve a Lord, were not required to shave their heads. This became an easy way to identify such men.

Under the Meiji Restoration, the practices of the samurai classes, deemed feudal and unsuitable for modern times following the end of sakoku in 1853, resulted in a number of edicts intended to 'modernise' the appearance of upper class Japanese men. With the Dampatsurei Edict of 1871 issued by Emperor Meiji during the early Meiji Era, men of the samurai classes were forced to cut their hair short, effectively abandoning the chonmage.

Sumo
In modern Japan, the only remaining wearers of the chonmage are sumo wrestlers and kabuki actors. Given the uniqueness of the style in modern times, the Japan Sumo Association employs specialist hairdressers called tokoyama to cut and prepare sumo wrestlers' hair.

The sumo style of the chonmage is slightly different, in that the pate is no longer shaved. However, the hair may be thinned in this region or the crown of the head shaved, called nakazori, to allow the topknot to sit more neatly. This is done around once every three months.

All professional sumo wrestlers wear a chonmage as soon as their hair is long enough to do so. Sumo wrestlers with sekitori status are required on certain occasions, such as during a honbasho, to wear their hair in a more elaborate form of topknot called an ōichō, where the end of the topknot is splayed out to form a semicircle, resembling a ginkgo leaf.

The chonmage is of such symbolic importance in sumo that snipping it off is the centerpiece of a wrestler's retirement ceremony. Dignitaries and other important people in a wrestler's life are invited to take one snip, with the final one taken by his trainer. For most wrestlers who never reached a sekitori rank, his retirement ceremony will be the only time he wears the more elaborate ōichōmage.

title: Chonmage


text:
Standen

Standen is an Arts and Crafts house located to the south of East Grinstead, West Sussex, England. The house and its surrounding gardens belong to the National Trust and are open to the public. It is a Grade I listed building.

House

Between 1891 and 1894 architect Philip Webb, who was a friend of William Morris, designed the house for a prosperous London solicitor, James Beale, his wife Margaret, and their family of seven children. The house is constructed in the Wealden vernacular style with sandstone quarried from the estate and locally made bricks and tiles. The interior is decorated with Morris carpets, fabrics and wallpapers, with furnishings also by Morris, and the garden complements the beauty of the house. From the start the house had electric power, originally generated by a donkey engine in a shed by the old barn. The house still has its original electric light fittings, designed by W. A. S. Benson.

After Beale's death in 1912, Margaret Beale continued to live at Standen. When she died in 1936, their unmarried daughter, Margaret, succeeded her, and after her death in 1947, Standen came into the possession of Helen, their youngest daughter, also unmarried. On Helen's death in 1972 the house passed by bequest to the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty.

Estate and garden
The estate was formed from three farms which the Beales purchased in 1890. The Beales started planting a 12 acre garden almost immediately after they had purchased the land, using the site of an 18th-century garden and orchard. In early 1891 trees were planted, a yew hedge established and the kitchen garden begun.

The Beales consulted a London landscape gardener, G.B. Simpson, who drew up a layout that assumed that the new house would be located on the line of the existing terrace. However, Webb suggested that it rather be placed further into the hillside. The proposed planting schemes were characterised by strict geometrical layouts of colourful flowerbeds and shrubs. Webb preferred something else, however: a mixture of natural styles combining old-fashioned formality and compartmentalised gardens. Webb also designed a number of elements in the garden.

The resulting Arts and Crafts garden used local materials for its formal elements, and loose plantings amongst yew hedges, trellis and pergolas, emphasising natural colour schemes and subtle combinations of colour and foliage.

Standen Wood
The National Trust acquired Standen Wood, originally part of the larger estate at the property, in 2001. The wood had been owned and managed as a nature reserve since the 1970s and is a haven for birds.

title: Standen


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Electric anvil clan

Electric anvil clan was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

Also a hoax. Also probably a speedo. --jpgordon {yammer} 21:43, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC) Speedy deleted: Stay away from the brown acid. (Deleted for being somoene's hallucinations.) Geogre 14:01, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Silly hoax.   — Gwalla | Talk 03:24, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Hoax. jni 06:10, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Send this anvil out to sea. --Improv 19:18, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Tom Price

Tom Price may refer to:

Politicians

 * Tom Price (South Australian politician) (1852–1909), premier of South Australia
 * Tom Price (British politician) (1902–1973), British trade unionist and Labour Party politician
 * Tom Price (American politician) (born 1954), former U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services and former U.S. Representative

Sportspeople

 * Tom Price (cricketer) (born 2000), English cricketer
 * Tom Price (ice hockey) (born 1954), former ice hockey player
 * Tom Price (rower) (born 1933), Olympic gold medalist in rowing 1952
 * Tom Price (rugby union) (born 1993), British rugby player
 * Tommy Price (1911–1997), British speedway rider

Other people

 * Tom Price (actor) (born 1980), British actor
 * Thomas Price (actor), professionally known as Tom Price, Hong Kong-born actor
 * Tom Price (judge) (born 1945), American judge, served in the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals
 * Tom Price (musician) (born 1956), American composer, arranger and conductor

Places

 * Tom Price, Western Australia, town named for Thomas Moore Price, a US businessman, and the highest town in Western Australia
 * Mount Tom Price mine, a nearby iron ore mine which is the reason for the town's existence

Characters

 * Tom Price, a character in the 1975 TV series Survivors and the 2008 remake
 * Tom Price, a character in the TV series Somewhere Between

title: Tom Price


text: Category:Gray County, Texas

title: Category:Gray County, Texas


text:
User talk:ArnvidAA

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Images
Actually, there might be an issue with the "non-commercial" bit. We try to avoid non-commercial images, because it will prevent their being reused by the sites that mirror us, and this is not compliant with the GFDL (see Copyrights for more). I'd recommend you raise the question on Help desk--my grasp of the copyright law here is slippery, and I wouldn't rely on me for a clear statement of your options.

I do hope that you keep contributing, especially images; they're a crucial resource for an encyclopedia, and we're woefully short. Keep up the good work!

Yours, [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 00:12, Oct 8, 2004 (UTC)

 * I left an answer to your question on the Help desk -- I hope it doesn't muddy the waters further. You have wonderful photos, and I thank you for sharing them with Wikipedia!  Catherine | talk 04:23, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Image:Hardangerfjord east.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:Hardangerfjord east.jpg, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. dbenbenn | talk 00:09, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:ArnvidAA


text:
Wikipedia:Wikifun/Answers (Round 1)

Think you have the correct answer? Post it below and remember to include a timestamp so we know what you placed. Keep an eye out for upcoming questions.

Every task has been completed and the winners are posted below. Keep an eye out for the next round of Wikifun! It looks as though Ravn posted the most correct answers.

Tasks
The tasks for round 1 can be reviewed here

Winners
There can be more than one individual to answer a question, as the first may be wrong. Remember to place your timestamp to ensure your place. When the last task time frame is closed, the winners will be posted in chronological order (that is if their answers are right). The individual with the most correct answers will be contacted and asked to assist in the next task line-up.

Task 1
Battle of Bunei - Japan, Korea and Mongolia. Jeff schiller 21:52, 2004 Oct 7 (UTC)

Task 2
I think Klingon is what you're after (see "Writing System" in that article). -- 132.244.246.25 09:59, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Task 3
Ten cylinder Engine: Straight-10 --Feminista 23:01, 11 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Task 4
Janáckova akademie múzických umení is in Brno, Czech Republic Thirdreel 04:21, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Task 5
Alejandro Toledo, current President of Peru -- Chessphoon 18:53, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Task 6
SunTzu, 6th century BC, which was during the Spring and Autumn Period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. -- 132.244.246.25 10:23, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Task 7
This task was voided as all answers were incorrect

Task 8
The story of Vortigern as reported by Nennius is one of the very few glimpses of Druidic survival in Britain after the Roman conquest. from Druidry --Ravn 15:43, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Task 9
As of 2004 Black & Decker is rated #381 on the Fortune 500 list. It is located in Towson, Maryland -- Ravn 10:06, 22 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Task 10
Same here. The site Six degrees of Wikipedia links to it. Trying this site instead, it yields: But I had to go up in directories until http://download.wikimedia.org/~kate/ to find the site.
 * 0. Bored
 * 1. Boredom
 * 2. Clinical depression
 * 3. Death
 * 4. Discworld
 * 5. Board game
 * 6. Trivia
 * -- Ravn 12:52, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Wikifun/Answers (Round 1)


text:
Tokoyama

A tokoyama (床山) is a traditional Japanese hairdresser specializing in the theatrical arts (kabuki and bunraku) and professional sumo. The tokoyama trade is the result of a slow evolution from the traditional Japanese barbers of the Edo period, some of whom gradually started to specialize in hairstyles of actors, puppets, and rikishi. The word tokoyama uses a Japanese character meaning 'floor', because in the Edo period barbers had shops on simple raised floors.

Tokoyama use a variety of traditional techniques and tools, mainly combs, spikes and strings, to style the hair after oiling it. Although tokoyama maintain the use of techniques inherited from the Edo period, it is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain a traditional practice with the gradual disappearance of the craftsmen producing the oils and tools needed for traditional hairdressing.

Tokoyama maintain close relationships with those whose hair they arrange, often assigned to the particular service of a small group of people. In kabuki, this relationship leads the tokoyama to choose a specialization that will lead them to follow only actors dedicated to a particular style of acting. In bunraku, the hairdressers carry out the decisions of stewards who choose the hairstyles. In sumo, tokoyama are seen as essential elements of the sport, helping to maintain its traditional appearance.

Kabuki
In kabuki, the hairstyle, and more specifically the wig, is an important element of the art, as no actor appears on stage without one. The craftsmen who comb the actors' hair are called tokoyama. They are not responsible for creating the wigs (which is the responsibility of wig makers called the katsuraya), but for fitting and finishing them before the actors go on stage. Kabuki tokoyama are the only ones to be divided into groups called sangai tokoyama (三階床山) and nikai tokoyama (二階床山). These names were inspired by the floors of the Kabuki-za on which the tokoyama work on their wigs. With each group of tokoyama comes a specialization, and the 'second floor' tokoyama specialize in styling the hair of actors playing female roles, while the 'third floor' specialize in styling male characters. Cases where a tokoyama does not specialize are rare, but they do exist. Kabuki tokoyama are assigned to specific actors on a full-time basis.

Bunraku
In bunraku, puppets are coiffed like real actors. Bunraku puppet theater is organized into two guilds. One, the Bunraku Kyokai, groups together the artists (shamisen players, puppeteers and narrators), while the other, the National Bunraku Theatre, groups together the support professions (costume and doll-head stewards). Tokoyama belong to the latter organization. Unlike in kabuki, the tokoyama in bunraku are responsible for both creating the wig and styling it. In bunraku, the tokoyama receives instructions from the kashirawari-iin, a theater steward selecting puppet heads from about 400 options, to show subtle differences in what the characters are expressing. Once the wig has been chosen, the tokoyama is then responsible for styling it to match the puppet. There are about 120 different hairstyles, with about 80 for men and 40 for women.

Sumo

In professional sumo, the tokoyama are employed by the Japan Sumo Association to cut and prepare wrestlers' hair, which is then styled in a chonmage style. Historically, wrestlers went to public barbershops to get their hair done. However, during the Meiji era, traditional barbers gradually disappeared as Western hairstyles became fashionable. To continue styling the hair of wrestlers who had maintained the tradition of wearing the chonmage topknot, tokoyama were borrowed for a time from kabuki theaters to serve wrestlers during tournaments. Eventually, tokoyama became an integral part of professional sumo and began training specifically to style the wrestlers' hair.

Today, the Sumo Association employs the tokoyama and ranks them according to experience and ability. There are around 50 tokoyama employed by the Sumo Association at all times, but new positions can be created if a stable with more than 12 wrestlers and no hairdresser requests so. Apprentices, all men aged 15 to 19, are attached to a sumo stable like other personnel such as gyōji (referee) or yobidashi (handymen). Stables that do not have their own tokoyama can rely on hairdressers from other stables belonging to the same ichimon (clan) to do their wrestlers' hair. Each tokoyama learns his trade from a senior member of staff. If a tokoyama's stable doesn't have a more experienced hairdresser, a hairdresser from the same ichimon will take over the apprenticeship. Tokoyama must train for at least seven years before they are considered capable of working on their own. Only the most senior tokoyama are entitled to prepare the more ornate ōichonmage, the ginkgo leaf shaped topknot which sekitori-ranked wrestlers wear in their bouts and on other formal occasions. This usually only happens after ten years' experience.

Tokoyama are divided into a hierarchical system that does not follow the names of sumo divisions, unlike the gyōji and yobidashi. Beginners start at fifth class and are promoted according to their years of service and skills until they reach first class. Tokoyama are not considered qualified craftsmen (shikakusha) until they are promoted to the rank of second class. Promotion to third class takes around 10 years, while promotion to second and first class takes around 20 and 30 years respectively. When promoted to second class, tokoyama receive a higher salary and a bonus during tournaments. When they have reached first class and have demonstrated exceptional skill, tokoyama can ascend to tokutō, or 'special class' tokoyama. Promotion to this rank has very strict prerequisites and the tokoyama must have served for around 45 years and have demonstrated "excellent talents". There is normally a maximum of two tokoyama at this rank, although three special class tokoyama coexisted in 2019 (Tokohachi, Tokomatsu and Tokoyodo). Special class tokoyama are the only ones allowed to style the topknot of a yokozuna, a sumo wrestler of the highest rank. Tokoyama are subject to mandatory retirement at the age of 65.

In professional sumo, tokoyama work under a pseudonym that always starts with the kanji for 'floor' or 'bed' (床, pronounced toko) in their names. The rest of the tokoyama's name is usually derived from a kanji in his personal name, or from a kanji borrowed from the stable to which he belongs. Unlike gyōji, tokoyama names cannot be passed on and are therefore unique.

Special class tokoyama have also appeared on the banzuke since January 2008 and in January 2012, first-class tokoyama were also added.

Wrestlers' hairstyles are so important in the culture of sumo that the tokoyama profession is highly valued, with some former wrestlers employing their own hairdressers on their own money, like Taihō. Some wrestlers create close ties with their hairdresser, such as former yokozuna Hakuhō, whose hair was combed throughout his career by the same tokoyama, former special class tokoyama Tokohachi. The importance of tokoyama also extends to the founding of new stables, as their opening may be called into question if they are unable to obtain a hairdresser.

Styling the haircut
Depending on the environment in which they work, tokoyama may use strictly traditional tools, while others have more freedom and also use modern tools. Regardless of their professional environment, all the tokoyama use a special ointment called binzuke (also spelled bintsuke), renowned for its sturdiness, making it ideal for elaborate hairstyles. In sumo, the tokoyama only use binzuke produced by a company in Edogawa, Tokyo. In bunraku, tokoyama can make the most use of modern tools in hairstyling, such as hairsprays and hair dryers. However, they can not use oil in puppet headgear, as the puppet heads, made of cypress, would lose adhesion when color pigments are applied during restoration.

In both sumo and kabuki, the tokoyama use two kinds of oil (called sukiyu and chuneri) produced specifically for the manufacture of wigs. Sumo tokoyama use a sukiyu ointment made traditionally from rapeseed, Japan wax and vanilla fragrance. This ointment has a distinctive scent that is associated with professional sumo.

Professional sumo and kabuki tokoyama use combs and picks of various sizes. The special handmade combs are called kushi. Generally, these tools were made in the Kyoto Prefecture, although it seems that the last company to manufacture them is now based in Nagoya. Each type of comb is made from a different type of wood. An araigushi comb is first used on the hair, followed by a sukigushi to spread out the ointment and shine the hair. A soroigushi is used to tidy up the hair when everything is done. A maekaki is used only to make the ōichō style of topknot, where the hair is then spread out using a metal pick called a magebo. In sumo, it is also common for tokoyama to grow a thumbnail to facilitate styling.

As of the 2020s, however, it is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain the traditional tools and balms used to style the haircuts, as the craftsmen who produce them are all gradually retiring without replacement. This is notably the case of paper strings (called motoyui) used to tie up the hair of sumo wrestlers and kabuki actors' wigs, which were made by just one craftsman in Iida, Nagano until he was forced to close down his business for good in 2020, when all activities requiring his strings (sumo, kabuki, period drama) ceased due to COVID-19. In recent years, however, a few craftsmen have taken over the traditional manufacturing activities and two craftsmen now continue to produce motoyui. Ointment for wrestlers' heads is also in short supply, with fewer and fewer companies able to manufacture it due particularly to recruitment difficulties and the lack of a market with sufficient demand, and existing family businesses are unable to continue their activities after the current managers retire.

title: Tokoyama


text:
SmealSearch

SmealSearch (now BizSeer) was a web portal, search engine and digital library for academic business documents that was originally hosted at the defunct eBusiness Research Center at the Pennsylvania State University. It was based on the CiteSeer digital library and search engine technology. Due to lack of support, it moved to the College of Information Sciences and Technology and became BizSeer. It was enhanced and modified by many including Lee Giles (project manager), Yang Sun (technical lead), Sandip Debnath, Isaac Councill, Arvind Rangaswamy, Nirmal Pal, Yves Petinot and Pradeep Teregowda.

BizSeer's goal was to intelligently crawl and harvest academic business documents on the web and use autonomous citation indexing to permit querying by citation or by document. Currently, it was publicly available on the World Wide Web at the College of Information Sciences and Technology at the Pennsylvania State University, and has over 150,000 documents, primarily in the fields of business, and related areas. The goal was to have the document collection continuously grow. BizSeer harvested business school information from the web and created a large database of business schools from around the world. BizSeer's goals were to assist students, professors, researchers and others with business related research and other information needs.

BizSeer, formerly SmealSearch, grew from and consumed a similar search engine, eBizSearch, designed to harvest and index academic documents related to e-business. Currently, BizSeer is no longer supported.

title: SmealSearch


text:
User:Jeff schiller

Interests
Animation, Computer Programming and Old Film.

Web Sites

 * My Website: CodeDread
 * A buddy's website: Late Night PC

title: User:Jeff schiller


text:
User talk:Groovinjello

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:Groovinjello


text:
Gorguts

Gorguts is a Canadian death metal band formed near Sherbrooke, Quebec, in 1989. The band has gone through various membership changes since its inception; its only constant member has been guitarist-vocalist and co-founding member Luc Lemay, who remains the driving force of the band. To date, they have released five full-length albums and one EP. Their most recent release, Pleiades' Dust, was released on May 13, 2016. Their latest full-length album, Colored Sands was released in 2013 and was nominated for a Juno Award. Musically the band is known for its complex, musically dense form of technical death metal, and has become "one of the most advanced, experimental, and challenging groups in the entire genre."

Formation, Considered Dead, and The Erosion of Sanity (1989–1993)
Gorguts was formed in 1989 by Luc Lemay (vocals and guitar), Sylvain Marcoux (guitar), Éric Giguère (bass guitar) and Stephane Provencher (drums); the band name was suggested by one of Provencher's friends. They released their first demo, ...And Then Comes Lividity, in 1990 which led them to be signed to Roadrunner Records. Their first album, Considered Dead, had guest appearances by James Murphy (a guitar solo on "Inoculated Life") and Chris Barnes (backing vocals on "Bodily Corrupted", "Rottenatomy" and "Hematological Allergy").

In 1993, they released their second album The Erosion of Sanity, which was more experimental and technical than Considered Dead. However, this coincided with the decline of death metal's popularity as a genre, and Roadrunner Records subsequently decided to drop the band from their roster. The band ceased performing for five years, with many fans believing that they had broken up.

Obscura, From Wisdom to Hate, MacDonald's death and break-up (1998–2005)
In fact, the writing for the following album had been completed by the end of 1993, but due to a lack of label interest the release of the album was severely delayed. Lemay, the only remaining original member, returned in 1998 on Olympic Recordings with a new line-up consisting of Steeve Hurdle (guitar), Steve Cloutier (bass guitar) and Patrick Robert (drums). Under this lineup they released their third full-length album, Obscura, which has come to be regarded as "one of the most pungently progressive albums ever made, in or out of metal."

After Obscura, Hurdle left and was replaced by Dan Mongrain of the technical death band Martyr, and Robert was replaced by Steve MacDonald on drums. Gorguts' next album, From Wisdom to Hate, was released in 2001. This album is stylistically a mix between the earlier albums and Obscura. Lemay, the primary songwriter on the album, experimented more with the use of sounds, rather than notes, in riffs, such as the opening riff of the album, on the song "Inverted" which uses a combination of pick-slides, pick tapping and traditional picking.

Steve MacDonald, who had a history of recurrent depression, committed suicide in 2002, which eventually led to the split-up of Gorguts in 2005. In an interview, Lemay said that "When I decided to end the band in 2002 or 2003...after Steve MacDonald passed away, I was done with music and I wanted to devote myself to woodworking full time. I was very happy with all the achievements that the band accomplished so it was all good for me.....no bitterness and no feeling of unfinished business." Lemay moved away from Montreal, "because I was done living there. I wanted to be closer to where I was raised and be closer to nature in a way. After Steve's death I wasn't interested in playing music anymore. I was very content with the musical legacy of the band at that point and I was ready to start a new chapter in my life."

Reformation and Colored Sands (2008–2014)
In 2006, Steeve Hurdle asked Lemay to join Hurdle's band Negativa. Lemay accepted "on the condition that everything would be low key. It was all about having fun playing music for me. After a rehearsal Steeve pointed out that it would be cool to make a new Gorguts record to commemorate Gorguts' 20 years of existence. I was all for it and from that point the idea came to play with John (Longstreth – drums), Kevin (Hufnagel – guitar) and Colin (Marston – bass) and create a new record."

In December 2008, a Gorguts demo track with guitar and programmed drums surfaced online, and Lemay himself confirmed an upcoming reunion with Colin Marston, Kevin Hufnagel and John Longstreth. While the new Gorguts had been performing live and writing new material, Lemay said that the band would not be recording until "late fall" 2010 with a release date some time in 2011; In May 2012, Steeve Hurdle died from post-surgical complications. Legal issues surrounding the band's previous contract to Olympic Records delayed the release of the album. Olympic were taken over by Century Media, and Lemay wanted to renegotiate the band's contract. "They agreed to, but in the end, we didn't see eye to eye on things and we mutually agreed it was better to go our separate ways. Dissolving the contract was a very time consuming and complicated legal affair."

The band signed to Season of Mist and revealed that its forthcoming album would be titled Colored Sands, which was released on August 30, 2013. Inspired by Opeth and the album The Incident by Porcupine Tree, Lemay intended to write more progressive songs with longer running times and increased dynamics. The classical piece "The Battle of Chamdo" was written by Lemay on piano and recorded with a string quintet. Colored Sands was nominated for a Juno Award.

Pleiades' Dust (2014–2019)
John Longstreth, whose schedule with Origin was incompatible with Gorguts, departed the band in 2014. His replacement was Patrice Hamelin, who had been performing live with Gorguts since 2011. Lemay announced that Gorguts was working on a new album that would consist of one long song. Pleiades' Dust, the resulting EP, was released on May 13, 2016. It is a concept album about the House of Wisdom in Baghdad during Europe's Dark Ages, and is the band's first recording with Hamelin.

On July 25, 2016, the band announced that they would be touring North America in October 2016 with Intronaut and Brain Tentacles in support of Pleiades' Dust. Following this tour, Gorguts entered another period of relative inactivity.

Upcoming album (2020–present)
On June 29, 2020, Luc Lemay announced that Gorguts was returning from yet another hiatus and was beginning work on a new album. The band announced a new line-up and live work for 2024.

Musical style and legacy
Gorguts' style of metal has evolved considerably since the formation of the band, evolving from a relatively straightforward death metal sound into an increasingly complex style of avant-garde technical death metal. More recently, the band's music is characterised by technically demanding, structurally complex songwriting, with strong use of dissonant and atonal guitarwork. Luc Lemay has noted the influence of Opeth, Deathspell Omega, and Porcupine Tree on his more recent songwriting.

The band's early music, particularly their debut album Considered Dead in 1991, is characterised by a relatively straightforward death metal sound, with conventional instrumentation and song structures. Lemay credits Swedish death metal band Entombed as a major influence on this album. However, on their second album The Erosion of Sanity in 1993, the band began to experiment more, incorporating pianos and acoustic guitars into their sound. The band took a break after this album but reformed with a new lineup and released Obscura in 1998. Obscura represented a significant shift in the band's style of music, often attributed to then-guitarist Steeve Hurdle. The album made increasing use of complex song structures, unorthodox sounds, dissonant guitarwork, unconventional time signatures, and esoteric lyrical themes. "Even by today's standards Obscura is considered to be one of the most complex and technical records in the genre, due to its unprecedented dissonance and experimentation brought by the band's late guitarist Steeve Hurdle." The following album, 2001's From Wisdom to Hate, represents a balance between Obscura and the previous album The Erosion of Sanity. The complexity and unpredictability of the song structures were scaled back, while still incorporating technically complex compositions, leading to a slightly more streamlined sound. The band's next album, 2013's Colored Sands, represents a significant evolution in this style of metal, with critics noting that the "huge wall of dissonant lead work and dizzying rhythm riffs have been crafted into something far more atmospheric, but with the heaviness and weight only Gorguts could take to this level, making Colored Sands not only near-immaculately put together, but perhaps one of the most absorbing albums of their genre."

Gorguts' influence on metal has been extensive. They are routinely credited as being key pioneers in the use of dissonance and atonality in metal. They are considered key influences on a range of bands, including Ulcerate, Spawn of Possession, Obscura, Beyond Creation, and many others. Obscura is named after the Gorguts album of the same name.

Current

 * Luc Lemay – vocals, guitar (1989–2005, 2008–present)
 * Kevin Hufnagel – guitar (2009–present)
 * Colin Marston – bass guitar (2009–present)
 * Michel Bélanger – drums (2023–present)

Former

 * Carlo Gozzi – bass guitar (1989)
 * Gary Chouinard – guitar (1989–1990)
 * Sylvain Marcoux – guitar (1990–1993)
 * Stephane Provencher – drums (1989–1993)
 * Éric Giguère – bass guitar (1990–1993)
 * Steve MacDonald – drums (1993–1995, 1998–2002; died 2002)
 * Steeve Hurdle – guitar, vocals (1993–1999; died 2012)
 * Steve Cloutier – bass guitar (1993–2004)
 * Patrick Robert – drums (1996–1998)
 * Dan Mongrain – guitar (1999–2001)
 * John Longstreth – drums (2009–2014)
 * Patrice Hamelin – drums (2014–2023)

Studio albums

 * Considered Dead (1991)
 * The Erosion of Sanity (1993)
 * Obscura (1998)
 * From Wisdom to Hate (2001)
 * Colored Sands (2013)

EPs

 * Pleiades' Dust (2016)

Compilations

 * Demo Anthology (2003)

Live albums

 * Live in Rotterdam (2006)

Demos

 * '89 Demo (1989)
 * ...And Then Comes Lividity (1990)

title: Gorguts


text: Category:Zydeco musicians

title: Category:Zydeco musicians