text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Esoteric programming language related/Detail

Important note to voters: there's no need to vote for each individual article here, if you want to keep/merge/delete all, without exception. Go back to the main discussion if you want to vote that way; the admins tallying votes will take both the general votes and the individual votes for each article into account when deciding whether to delete.

Note to future VfD nominators: please don't mass-nominate like this, it makes maintenance a headache. If you want to delete an entire class of articles, start by discussing it on Wikipedia talk:Deletion policy, and then go from there. Thanks, • Benc • 16:50, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

List of esoteric programming languages
Delete list-article, most significant examples are mentioned in the article Esoteric programming language. For the individual entries see below. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Could be made into a category, though, I presume. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * There is a category already: Category:Esoteric programming languages -- Chris 73 Talk 15:39, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Strong keep especially if deleting the rest, at least keep this one, and the hello world program article below Kim Bruning 15:32, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Angela. 16:12, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. I would suggest keeping this as a place to preserve the thin residue of useful content from the rest. As against a category, it has the advantage that we can include webpage links to languages that are somewhat interesting, but may not merit full articles (for example, several "single instruction set" languages can reference the fact that, whilst intended as a joke, it has been demonstrated that a useful and powerful computer can be built with a single instruction "set"). I note also, however, that this list includes several languages that may be little known, but which under the given definition are not "esoteric" (AKI, Bon programming language, MDPN, MUF, o:XML, SSK and maybe ALPACA). Oh, and get rid of the red links so people don't recreate articles. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, to merge esolangs into it. Mikkalai 05:03, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Category: This shud be made into a category, not a listing page. -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

Hello world program in esoteric languages
Are we a source code depository? Look at it, shake your head, and then Delete! -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. There's no reason to delete it, at all. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, keep at least this one, and List of esoteric programming langauges above. Kim Bruning 15:32, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. But there is a website somewhere with a monumental list of these, which might be added as an external link to Esoteric programming language. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Hello world (although I'd cheerfully vote to delete that as well; Wikipedia is not a code archive).   —Triskaideka 17:03, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete after ensuring content is not lost. The content belongs to the respective programming language articles. There is no point in this article. It's not a list, it's not a comparison. --Hemanshu 17:07, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep as a valid sublist of a large "hello-world"-related topic Mikkalai 05:05, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * External: If you dont want a source code depository on this wikipedia, then maybe you can make it a external link. -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

23 programming language
2 hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Twenty-Three" " esoteric programming language". SubStub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * For the record, those 2 results are also copies of Wikipedia content. --Hemanshu 17:02, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there are no size constraints, and there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Do we have any evidence that this topic exists? Is it verifiable? If so, keep, else delete on the basis of Google test. --Hemanshu 17:02, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Here's some clear evidence that it exists. Note that that page would be ignored by the extremely flawed Google search criteria above. Factitious 19:09, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:06, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. [Read the article, please.] There's a link to the homepage of 23! --ZeroOne 21:33, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

4DL programming language
16 hits on 7 sites for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "4DL" " esoteric programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete unless more evidence is found of it being notable. --Hemanshu 17:05, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC) Keep. --Hemanshu 17:13, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:06, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

ALPACA programming language
4 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "ALPACA programming language" Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Redirect - until we can get a useful article going. While it is certainly little known at present, this actually sounds like a useful research project. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep seems notable based on this search --Hemanshu 18:09, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:08, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Argh!
17 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Argh programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete unless evidence of notability is found. --Hemanshu 18:21, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:09, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Aura programming language
11 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Aura programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete unless verified and found notable. Little evidence of existence. --Hemanshu 18:25, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:09, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

BAK programming language
26 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "BAK programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete unless verified and found notable. --Hemanshu 18:31, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, it's easy enough to verify, by checking the external links from its entry. Note that those pages would be ignored by the extremely flawed Google search criteria above. Factitious 19:14, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)

 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:09, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

BDAMD
40 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "BDAMD programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Seems notable based on this search --Hemanshu 18:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:09, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Beatnik programming language
19 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Beatnik programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Seems notable based on this search --Hemanshu 18:36, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:09, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Befreak programming language
30 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Befreak programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep (benefit of doubt) --Hemanshu 19:19, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * keep. Mikkalai 05:10, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Befunge
Keep: 272 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Befunge programming language". Actually seems to be one of the more important languages with some historical significance. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Established, notable, compilers exist, worth discussing for its code arrangement alone.   —Triskaideka 16:34, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. --Hemanshu 19:35, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * keep. Mikkalai 05:10, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Blank programming language
15 google hit for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Blank programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete unless verified and found to be notable. --Hemanshu 19:47, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * merge & redir. Mikkalai 05:10, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Bloop programming language
15 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Bloop programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect to the book. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete unless verified and found to be notable. --Hemanshu 20:04, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Bon programming language
65 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Bon programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep or redirect. This is old and forgotten now, but a real part of programming history. It's possibly a partial ancestor of C! Might have trouble getting enough info for a full article, though. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Benefit of doubt. --Hemanshu 20:08, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Brainfuck
Keep: 750 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Brainfuck programming language". Seems to be a more established and significant language. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. It is indeed an established and significant esoteric language.   —Triskaideka 16:12, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. --Hemanshu 20:12, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Absolutly Keep Brainfuck - many of the esoteric programming languages are not notable, but this is. Darksun 21:37, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Brainfork programming language
15 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Brainfork programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Merge and redirect to Brainfuck. No reason for this variant to have its own article, but no reason not to mention it in the base language's article.   —Triskaideka 18:35, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Bubble programming language
11 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Bubble programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete unless verified and found to be notable. --Hemanshu 20:18, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Bullfrog programming language
11 hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Bullfrog programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete unless verified and found to be notable. --Hemanshu 20:20, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

C- programming language
C- ... This language was named for the grade received by its creator  when  he  submitted  it as a class project in a graduate programming class., and made it as a joke into a paper in 1982. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to  or a similar page from Esoteric programming language, and/or a mention in C Plus Plus, would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 20:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Chef programming language
60 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Chef programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep seems notable. --Hemanshu 09:08, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Appears to work, has properties worth discussing.   —Triskaideka 19:48, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Choon
5 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Choon" "esoteric programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Condit programming language
25 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Condit programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

COW programming language
26 hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "COW programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

DOGO programming language
17 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "DOGO programming language". Invented as a joke. Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to   or a similar page from Esoteric programming language, and/or a mention in LOGO, would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 20:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete unless verified and found to be notable. --Hemanshu 09:42, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Doublefuck programming language
27 Google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Doublefuck programming language". Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Merge and redirect to Brainfuck. No reason for this variant to have its own article, but no reason not to mention it in the base language's article.   —Triskaideka 20:41, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete unless verified and found to be notable. --Hemanshu 09:58, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

ETA programming language
70 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "ETA programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep notable based on this search. --Hemanshu 10:03, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

False programming language
'Keep: 213 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "False programming language". Seems to be a bit more significant in a historic context. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. {Ανάριον} 13:19, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Notable. --Hemanshu 10:09, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

FIFTH programming language
30 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "FIFTH programming language". Invented as ajoke and spoof. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to   or a similar page from Esoteric programming language, and/or a mention in FORTH, would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 20:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep: This is not reel it is a joke, but you shud keep it enyways (maybe make a joke secsen.) -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

Floop programming language
20 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Floop programming language". Created as a demonstration by a purlitzer price winner. Stub. Weak Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect to the book. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Notable. --Hemanshu 17:32, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Fromage programming language
28 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Fromage programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Notable. --Hemanshu 17:57, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Gammaplex
3 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Gammaplex programming language" . Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

GOTO plus plus
6 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "GOTO plus plus programming language" . Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Notable. --Hemanshu 18:17, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

HQ9 Plus
0 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "HQ9 Plus" "esoteric programming language" . Joke. Delete. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep Try searching for "HQ9+". Duh. —Ashley Y 01:08, 2004 Sep 30 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's HQ9+. it's named that way coz of MediaWiki's inability to have such a name. --Hemanshu 18:19, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: This article as well as the program langwige is stupit. Or maybe you shud keep it, I am not ser. -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

INTERCAL programming language
Keep: 844 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "INTERCAL programming language" . Seems to be more significant in a historic context -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Definitely keep. I would think most professional programmers would have come across this. It is the grandaddy of spoof languages, and unlike other joke langauges, it was a significant satire at the time. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not--Hemanshu 18:21, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC) paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * INTERCAL is a notable parody language, and I thought "historic context" was a large part of what Wikipedia was about. -- Cyrius|✎ 15:21, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * that's why I voted for Keep (and 6 other Esoteric programming languages BTW) -- Chris 73 Talk

 * Keep for the same reasons as given above.   —Triskaideka 20:46, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. --Hemanshu 18:21, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep: One of the most interesting and historically relevant esoteric programming languages.
 * Keep: INTERCAL is still used a lot! -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

Iota and Jot programming languages
0 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Iota and Jot programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge with Turing tarpit and redirect. These are actually kind of interesting because, although originally intended as jokes, they inspired research which came to the conclusion that quite a powerful and useful machine can be built on this architecture. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Try searching individually for Iota and Jot. Duh. --Hemanshu 18:24, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Java2K
2 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Java2K programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Again not searched for properly. search for Java2K or Java2K programming language without the quotes. --Hemanshu 18:26, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Kipple programming language
197 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Kipple programming language". Weak Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. --Hemanshu 18:28, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Kvikkalkul programming language
42 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Kvikkalkul programming language". Supposedly created by the swedish Navy in 1950, Joke from 1994. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Maybe redirect to a list of hoaxes? Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

L programming language
209 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "l programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

L33t programming language
23 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "L33t programming language".  Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Much more detail here than in most of the other articles. --AlexChurchill 17:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: While the page may be detailed, the language is devoid of value.

Lambda programming language
45 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Lambda programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

LAIDBACK
23 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "LAIDBACK programming language". Invented as a Joke. Delete. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to   or a similar page from Esoteric programming language would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 20:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Lazy K programming language
28 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Lazy K programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

LITHP programming language
8 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "LITHP programming language". Invented as a Joke. Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to   or a similar page from Esoteric programming language, and/or a mention in LISP, would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 20:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

L00P
15 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "L00P programming language". Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Malbolge
Weak Keep: 24 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Malbolge programming language", but seems to be around for some time. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Established and notable among esoteric programming languages.   —Triskaideka 16:20, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Muriel
1 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Muriel programming language" . Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Numberix
69 google hits for  -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Numberix programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

OISC
0 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "OISC programming language". Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge with Turing tarpit and redirect. See comments above regrading Iota, etc. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep, RTFA. Exceptionally bad research for this nomination. Kim Bruning 21:00, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Ook
51 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Ook programming language". brainfuck in Orang Utang language. Delete-- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. This is a joke. Representing the Brainfuck commands in a different way doesn't make a new language. The academic, philosophic, and humor values of this language are, IMO, negligible.  Not worth mentioning at Brainfuck.   —Triskaideka 22:27, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Comment: two things about this nomination are unusual:
 * The top part of the page is about a fictional language in Discworld and should be considered separately. (I would also vote to delete it as too trivial.)
 * On Talk:Ook we see that the article was already nominated for deletion and somehow survived.
 * Delete/Redirect: Quote "Representing the Brainfuck commands in a different way doesn't make a new language." Maybe just list it at the end uv Brainfuck wat uther way uv repesent it. Delete it or redirect it to Brainfuck. -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

Obfuna
1 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Obfuna programming language". Weak Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Oroogu programming language
26 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Oroogu programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

O xml
48 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "O xml programming language". Sub-Sub-Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, but move it out of "esoteric", and move to its proper name. This is a real, serious language. The problem with your Google search is that the name is screwed up. -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "o:XML" gives me 24,600 hits! Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

PATH programming language
290 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "PATH programming language". Weak Delete --Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Ditto, a weak delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

QUOTE programming language
62 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "QUOTE programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Sartre programming language
25 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Sartre programming language". Invented as a joke. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to   or a similar page from Esoteric programming language would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 15:46, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually, there's a lot more to this language than that joke post. Have you read Colagioia's documentation, for example? Factitious 19:28, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * (For reference purposes: the documentation.) Yes, I have, long before I came to Wikipedia. It is still my estimation that Sartre (the language, not the philosopher) is a joke in the contexts both of philosophy and of computer science, and that a discussion of it, while entertaining, is without encyclopedic value.   —Triskaideka 19:46, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep: It is a reel program langwige (almost), altho nobudy has made interpreter for it. The document is kind uv mes up, so you beter fix it before make interpreter for it. You shud link to the document from here. -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

Shakespeare programming language
Keep: 641 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Shakespeare programming language". May have gotten some populartiy due to its name. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Zero actual use, maybe could be a footnote in a larger article. {Ανάριον} 13:19, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Yah, redirect. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. More detail here than in most of the other articles. --AlexChurchill 17:02, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)

SLOBOL programming language
11 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "SLOBOL programming language". Invented as a Joke. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to   or a similar page from Esoteric programming language, and/or a mention in SNOBOL, would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 20:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

SMITH programming language
7 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "SMITH programming language". Substub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

SNUSP programming language
25 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "SNUSP programming language". Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Thue programming language
10 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Thue programming language". Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

TMMLPTEALPAITAFNFAL
31 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "TMMLPTEALPAITAFNFAL programming language"''. Actually it is not only one language, it is a new language for each day based on a unique-day-index. -- Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. Even though implementations exist, this is still a joke with no practical applications, no philosophical ramifications, and, IMO, little humor value.   —Triskaideka 15:06, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

URISC
0 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "URISC programming language". Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * It's an architecture, not a language. Merge with Turing tarpit and redirect. See comments above re iota. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep, RTFA again. Agree partially with Securiger, but would like to point out that wikipedia is not paper, you don't magically kill an extra tree or "use up an extra page". Merge and redicrect costs more HD space than leaving this as is. :-), (and it's tidier to have more pages IMHO). Kim Bruning 21:04, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep: This is a importent article, just like OISC is. -- zzo38 02:51, 2004 Oct 1 (UTC)

Unlambda
Keep: 685 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Unlambda programming language". Seems to actually work and to have some significance. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

VALGOL programming language
23 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "VALGOL programming language". Invented as a joke. " Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Var'aq
30 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Var'aq programming language". Klingon programming language. Substub. "''. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. While a joke programming language, this one is notable even if only in a small group of users — I've heard of it before. {Ανάριον} 12:11, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge with Klingon language and redirect. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Whenever
27 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Whenever programming language". the language has no sense of urgency. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete when you get around to it. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep and expand, unless the claims of a working interpreter and programs turn out to be false. Assuming it does function as advertised, it is worth covering for its unique method of executing statements.   —Triskaideka 17:14, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Whirl
28 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Whirl programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Whitespace programming language
688 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Whitespace programming language". Seems to be more significant. Weak Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Hmm. Many of those Google hits are unrelated, and many of the related ones are due to being slashdotted. I see very little evidence of it being used for anything. A very weak keep (but what will happen if I add an article for Acme::Bleach?) Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep and expand. Multiple interpreters and programs exist.  As with most esoteric languages, it's not in widespread use for applications, but a discussion of it is of academic and philosophic value.    —Triskaideka 19:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Has very interesting philosophical implications. After this you can't even trust the spaces in a document to be safe ;-) Kim Bruning 21:05, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Wierd programming language
53 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "Wierd programming language". Stub. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

ZT programming language
97 google hits for -wikipedia -thefreedictionary "ZT programming language". Stub. . Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:01, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

SIMPLE programming language
Invented as a Joke. Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:41, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Delete. A joke, not a real programming language.  A link to   or a similar page from Esoteric programming language, and/or a mention in BASIC programming language, would be more than sufficient.   —Triskaideka 20:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Funge
Delete -- Chris 73 Talk 12:41, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Securiger 16:17, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper; there is no reason to not have an article just because the topic it deals with is obscure. -- Schnee 14:22, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)


text:
Adoption reunion registry

An adoption reunion registry is a formal mechanism where adoptees and their birth family members can be reunited. Registries may be free or charge fees, be facilitated by non-profit organizations, government agencies or private businesses.

Generally, such adoption registries exist only in countries which practiced closed adoption, i.e. adoption in which the full identities of the birth parents, birth family members and the adopting family are not readily disclosed.

Some reunion registries are based on mutual consent and do matches from the information provided by the registrants. Others, run by governmental agencies, have access to the original documents identifying a birth family or adopting family. This is a form of adoption disclosure. In general, adoptees must be adults before they may be given identifying information, or at least age 18. In the United States, state law governs whether such an institution may release this identifying information to the interested party. Some states have an adoption registry, in which both the adopted adult and birthparent must register before information will be provided. In other states, if the adoptee requests information, the organization will contact the birth parent and request consent for a reunion.

In Canada, adult adoptees from British Columbia, Newfoundland, and Ontario generally have access to their own birth and adoption information provided no disclosure veto has been filed. In other provinces/territories, limited access to information is allowed; all jurisdictions have some form of reunion register.

In the United Kingdom, adoption law has been amended to allow for open adoptions, the right to access one's records, and a state-run adoption reunion registry has been established.

Though many such registries are operated by government agencies, many private registries do exist, and can be found on the Web. These tend to be owned and/or managed by members of the adoption community and are generally more successful than government-run registries.

A problem generally with state-run registries has been the lack of publicity surrounding them. In contrast, in April 2005, the state-run National Adoption Contact Preference RegisterTrace Your Birth Family - Index was launched in Ireland with a national radio and newspaper advertising campaign, and included an application form for the registry being delivered to every household. The Irish registry allows a person using it to specify whether or not they want contact and/or reunion, what form that contact should take (e.g., letter, phone, e-mail), and, if they do not want contact at the time being, still allows for the passing of medical and/or background information to the other party.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Adoption reunion registry


text:
Aveleda e Rio de Onor

Aveleda e Rio de Onor is a civil parish in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merging of former parishes Aveleda and Rio de Onor. The population in 2011 was 272, in an area of 106.35 km².

Language
Portuguese is spoken by everyone. Historically the main language was Rionorese, an Astur-Leonese language, which is almost extinct today.

title: Aveleda e Rio de Onor


text:
National Fascisti

The National Fascisti (NF), renamed British National Fascists (BNF) in July 1926, were a splinter group from the British Fascisti formed in 1924. In the early days of the British Fascisti the movement lacked any real policy or direction and so this group split away with the intention of pursuing a more definite path towards a fascist state. The group had 60 members at its creation, and around 500 at its height.

Formation
The National Fascisti's leader was Lieutenant Colonel Henry Rippon-Seymour. Members of the National Fascisti were dressed in black shirts in imitation of Benito Mussolini and his followers and received some military drilling, although membership was much too small for them to pose any real threat. Despite their frustrations at the lack of policy from the British Fascisti their own ideas were fairly banal, with vague calls for a government of experts being about as far as they went. Strongly anti-communist, they argued that their aim was to "smash the reds and pinks". Antisemitism, which at that point was absent from British Fascisti policy, also played a role in the new group. They also called for "racial purity" and the consolidation of the British Empire.

Development
The group liked to pull stunts to get attention and in 1925 they hijacked a lorry carrying copies of the left-wing newspaper the Daily Herald which they proceeded to crash. The action briefly got them in the headlines as did a meeting at Hyde Park, London where 1000 people attended and finished the day in a pitch battle with Communist Party of Great Britain supporters. The group also ran boxing and fencing clubs to train members although ultimately their strident militarism, which included marching with drawn swords, drew them more derision than support.

Like the British Fascists (BF) they contacted the Home Secretary in the run-up to the 1926 General Strike to offer their services to the Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies. Rippon-Seymour refused to follow the lead of BF chairman R. B. D. Blakeney in breaking from fascism and so his offer was turned down flat by the government. As individuals National Fascisti members were however allowed to enter the Special Constabulary during the strike, which many did.

Disappearance
Cracks began to show in the group, notably around December 1926 when Rippon-Seymour pulled a sword and an unlicensed gun on Croydon branch leader Charles Eyres after Eyres has accused the leader of defrauding the party out of funds and of dictatorial leadership. Eyres had brought a gang of cudgel-wielding supporters from Kensington to confront Rippon-Seymour whilst the leader's use of the Colt revolver, which actually belonged to "Victor Barker", saw him convicted of both possession of an illegal firearm and common assault at the Old Bailey.

In 1927 a leading member was Valerie Arkell-Smith, a transvestite who spent many years masquerading as 'Sir Victor Barker', 'Colonel lvor Barker' and 'Captain Barker. The National Fascisti members did not know she was actually a woman and treated her as a man; Arkell-Smith became secretary to Rippon-Seymour as well as training members in the boxing and fencing clubs.

A series of internal struggles saw them change their name to the British National Fascists on 19 July 1926, under the leadership of Rippon-Seymour. Meanwhile, leading members such as Colonel Ralph Bingham drifted from the group to become active instead in the Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies. Such a small group could not withstand internal wrangling and the movement faded from the scene fairly quickly after this.

Significance
Despite their general failure the National Fascisti remain significant for being the first group in British politics to attempt to develop fascism as a specifically British ideology. They also helped to launch the political careers of William Joyce and Arnold Leese, who had helped to instigate the split from the British Fascisti and who would go on to greater significance: Joyce became a notorious Nazi collaborator under the codename of "Lord Haw-Haw", while Leese would go on to establish his own Imperial Fascist League.

title: National Fascisti


text:
Rio Frio

Rio Frio or Río Frío or Frio River (English: Cold River) may refer to:

Rivers

 * Frío River (Costa Rica)
 * Frío River (Puerto Rico)
 * Frio River, Texas
 * Río Frío (Bogotá), a tributary of the Bogotá River, Colombia
 * Río Frío, a tributary of the Palena River, Chile

Settlements

 * Rio Frio (Bragança), a parish in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal
 * Rio Frio, Alberta, Canada
 * Rio Frio, Texas, an unincorporated community in Real County, Texas, USA
 * Río Frío de Juárez, a village in Mexico

Other uses

 * Río Frío Airport, Río Frío, Chile
 * Río Frío (Mexico City Metrobús), a BRT station in Mexico City

title: Rio Frio


text:
RAF Aldermaston

Royal Air Force Aldermaston, or more simply RAF Aldermaston, is a former Royal Air Force station located 8 mi east of Newbury, Berkshire and 9.8 mi southwest of Reading, Berkshire, England.

Originally built as an RAF Bomber Command airfield during 1941-1942, Aldermaston was transferred to the United States Army Air Forces in August 1942. Placed under the jurisdiction of Eighth Air Force, it was home to several Douglas C-47 Skytrain Troop Carrier Groups. It was transferred to Ninth Air Force in 1943 primarily as a Troop Carrier Command base. Returned to RAF Control at the end of 1945, it was used by Technical Training Command before being placed on Care and Maintenance. In 1946, it was transferred to the Ministry of Civil Aviation and used by BOAC aircraft for training.

Also used by the Ministry of Aircraft Production for Supermarine Spitfire assembly and flight testing, the airfield closed in 1950 and the site became home of the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (later the Atomic Weapons Establishment) from 1950.

History
Aldermaston was initially planned as an RAF Bomber Command airfield, being constructed in 1941-1942. RAF 92 Group was programmed to occupy the facility with Vickers Wellington bombers. The facility was constructed as a "Class A" bomber airfield with three concrete runways. The main was 1,830m aligned 06/24, with two crosswind secondary runways of 1,280m aligned 11-29 and 17-35. The airfield had an encircling perimeter track with both the pan and loop-type aircraft hardstands for aircraft parking. The technical site was on the south side of the airfield, consisting of various administrative buildings, maintenance shops and four large T-2 hangars.

United States Army Air Forces use
However, to support the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Eighth Air Force in August 1942, jurisdiction of Aldermaston was transferred from RAF Bomber Command to the USAAF. The USAAF assigned station No. 467 to the facility. USAAF Station Units assigned to RAF Aldermaston were:
 * 318th Service Group (53d Troop Carrier Wing)
 * 458th, 459th Service Squadron; HHS 318th Service Group

Regular Army Station Units included:
 * 21st Weather Squadron
 * 40th Mobile Communications Squadron
 * 819th Medical Air Evacuation Transportation Squadron (53d Troop Carrier Wing)
 * 97th Station Complement Squadron
 * 1052nd Quartermaster Company
 * 1068th Quartermaster Company
 * 1075th Signal Company
 * 1229th Military Police Company
 * 1465th Ordnance Medium Maintenance Company
 * 2249th Quartermaster Truck Company
 * 2142nd Engineer Fire Fighting Platoon
 * Detachment ZB (40th Mobile Communications Squadron)
 * Weather Detachment ZB

A non-flying facility located about one-half mine north of the airfield. It is a large country house which was purchased from the Keyser family by the British Government at the outbreak of World War II. Taken over by the USAAF, it became the headquarters of the XIX Tactical Air Command (formerly XIX Air Support Command). It was given the designation of AAF-476.
 * Aldermaston Court

Eighth Air Force
Due to Aldermaston's location in Berkshire, Eighth Air Force decided to use the base to station as a C-47 Troop Carrier base. Upon completion of construction in August, the 60th Troop Carrier Group (60th TCG) was transferred from its temporary locations at RAF Chelveston and RAF Podington in East Anglia, which became heavy bomber bases. The operational squadrons of the 60th TCG were:
 * 60th Troop Carrier Group
 * 10th Troop Carrier Squadron (S6) (Arrived 7 August from Chelveston)
 * 11th Troop Carrier Squadron (7D) (Arrived 15 August from Chelveston)
 * 12th Troop Carrier Squadron (U5) (Arrived 15 August from Podington)
 * 28th Troop Carrier Squadron (3D) (Arrived 7 August from Podington)

The unit trained with Army paratroop units during the fall of 1942, preparing for combat operations in North Africa as part of the Operation Torch invasion of French North Africa. It flew its only combat mission on 8 November 1942 when it transported airborne paratroopers from Aldermaston, and dropping them at Oran, Algeria during the early hours of the invasion.

With the successful operation, the group moved to Relizane Airfield, Algeria on 8 November 1942. There, it was transferred to the new Twelfth Air Force where it continued combat operations as part of the Mediterranean Theater of Operations until the end of the war.

With the 60th's move to North Africa, the 107th Reconnaissance Squadron, 67th Observation Group, was moved to Aldermaston on a temporary basis from RAF Membury in Berkshire. It flew a mixture of light observation L-4 Grasshopper single engine and Douglas A-20 Havoc two-engine reconnaissance aircraft. It also had several Supermarine Spitfires. The squadron remained only until 8 January 1943 when it was moved back to Membury.
 * 107th Observation Squadron

Replacing the 60th TCG was the 315th Troop Carrier Group, which was deployed from the Florence Army Airfield, South Carolina in December 1942. Also equipped with C-47s, operational squadrons of the group at Aldermaston were:
 * 315th Troop Carrier Group
 * 34th Troop Carrier Squadron (NM)
 * 43d Troop Carrier Squadron (UA)

Prior to its arrival, two of the group's squadrons were reassigned to Twelfth Air Force in North Africa, and the group only had 24 aircraft assigned while at Aldermaston. On 25 May 1943, twenty-one of the 315th's aircraft left for Algeria to support combat operations in North Africa. Although not participating in the airborne phase of the invasions of Sicily and Italy, the aircraft did support those operations by transporting supplies in the theater.

Ninth Air Force
With the reassignment of Ninth Air Force from Libya to the United Kingdom in October 1943, the 315th, along with all of the Eighth's Troop Carrier groups were transferred to the Ninth. The remaining components of the 315th TCG were moved to RAF Welford (AAF 474) in Berkshire. Jurisdiction of Aldermaston Airfield was also transferred to the Ninth,

In December 1943 the 15th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron arrived in England from Key Field, Mississippi, It was initially assigned directly to Ninth Air Force, but the squadron arrived un-equipped. Ninth Air Force attached the squadron to the 67th Reconnaissance Group at RAF Middle Wallop (AAF-449) in late December. At Aldermaston, the squadron received Supermarine Spitfires from the Ministry of Aircraft assembly plant and trained with the aircraft until 1 May, when it was moved to RAF Chilbolton (AAF-404) in Hampshire.
 * 15th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron

Delays in base construction and equipment delivery from the United States meant that the 370th Fighter Group arrived at Aldermaston in early February 1944 from Bradley Field, Connecticut un-eqipped. Upon its arrival, the group expected to receive Republic P-47 Thunderbolts, however due to a lack of equipment in the United Kingdom, the unit was instead equipped with available Lockheed P-38 Lightnings. Also, Aldermaston was only a way-station for the unit, as the base was already programmed for Troop Carrier units to support the upcoming invasion of Normandy. After receiving the P-38s, the group was moved to RAF Andover (AAF-106) in Hampshire at the end of February.
 * 370th Fighter Group

With the transfer of the 370th FG, the 434th Troop Carrier Group was moved to Aldermaston from RAF Fulbeck (AAF-488) in Lincolnshire on 3 March 1944. Its operational squadrons were:
 * 434th Troop Carrier Group
 * 71st Troop Carrier Squadron (CJ)
 * 72d Troop Carrier Squadron (CU)
 * 73d Troop Carrier Squadron (CN)
 * 74th Troop Carrier Squadron (ID)

The 434th was programmed to drop the 101st Airborne Division in preparation for the invasion of northern France, and it was located with the 101st. The 434th was one of the groups trained and designated to deliver gliders on D-Day. As the assigned delivery group for Mission Chicago, the 52 C-47s of the 434th TCG each towed a Waco CG-4A glider to Normandy, losing one aircraft to flak in the darkness. For this, and two follow-up missions with gliders and supplies, the group was later awarded the coveted Distinguished Unit Citation.

After the invasion of France, the mission of the 435th became resupply and casualty evacuation of Allied ground forces on the continent. Supplies transported were, for the most part, critically needed items such as communications equipment and special ammunition In September, the 434th was again assigned the 101st Airborne Division which it transported into the Nazi-Occupied Netherlands as part of Operation Market, the airborne component of Operation Market-Garden. For the balance of 1944, the group returned to conducting resupply and casualty evacuation transport missions.

The 434th remained at Aldermaston until 12 February 1945 when the group moved to an Advanced Landing Ground (ALG) at Mourmelon-le-Grand Airfield (ALG A-80) in France.

With no further USAAF requirement for the station, Aldermaston was returned to the Air Ministry on 15 June 1945.

Ministry of Aircraft Production use
In July 1943 Vickers erected a large assembly facility and took over Hangar 5 for Supermarine Spitfire production. Components produced in the Southampton area were sent to the facility for assembly and final aircraft production. This was part of the dispersal program aimed at minimizing aircraft production due to the possibly of German bombing raids. It was co-located in the airfield technical site, and used the airfield along with the USAAF for test-flying newly produced aircraft. It remained in operation at Aldermaston until the Royal Air Force received operational control of the facility in 1946.

In 1949, Fairey Aviation used Aldermaston airfield for the first flight of the first prototype Fairey Gannet, serialled VR546, which was built in its factory at Hayes, Middlesex then taken by road to Aldermaston, reassembled and successfully test flown by the company's chief test pilot Gp/Capt R G Slade on 19 September.

Other units assigned

 * United States Army Air Forces
 * HQ, IX Air Support Command (November 1943 - 1 February 1944)
 * HQ, 71st Fighter Wing
 * HQ, XIX Air Support Command (1 February 1944 - 15 June 1945)
 * 370th Fighter Group (12–29 February 1944)
 * 434th Troop Carrier Group (3 March 1944 - 12 February 1945)

Postwar use
The airfield was relinquished to the Air Ministry on 15 June 1945. It was to be the site for a flying school, where more than 1,000 former RAF pilots would be retrained to fly civil aircraft. Many of the buildings were refurbished and improved runway lights were installed.

From 15 June 1945 the following organisations used the airfield:
 * No. 25 (RCAF) Air Crew Holding Unit (25 June - 1 December 1945)
 * BOAC Training HQ (9 May 1946 - 1 January 1947)
 * Airways Training Ltd (1 January 1947 - November 1948)

In 1950 the airfield was taken over by the Ministry of Supply to house the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (A.W.R.E.).

title: RAF Aldermaston


text:
User talk:Mr. Brownstone

signature
Hi there, welcome to Wikipedia. When you're writing on talk pages, it's customary to put a signature at the end of your missives, to make their attribution clear. You can do this by putting ~ at the end of the note, like I'm doing here. 195.167.169.36 16:58, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the welcome and the tip! Mr. Brownstone 18:19, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mr. Brownstone


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Alexey Kaledin

Alexey Maksimovich Kaledin (Алексей Максимович Каледин; 24 October 1861 – 11 February 1918) was a Don Cossack Cavalry General who commanded the 12th Cavalry Division and Russian Eight Army during World War I. He also led the Don Cossack White movement in the opening stages of the Russian Civil War.

Early years
Kaledin attended the Mikhaylovskoye Artillery School and the General Staff Academy.

World War I
Kaledin served as a cavalry commander at the beginning of the war, before taking over command of a cavalry corps, and rising to the rank of General of the Cavalry. He was then assigned command of the 8th Army on the Southwest Front, participated in the Brusilov offensive, and won the Battle of Lutsk.

Kaledin spoke at the Moscow State Conference, stating "all Soviets and committees must be abolished, both in the army and in the rear." Following the Kornilov affair, Kaledin retreated back to Novocherkassk, and protection of the voisko, to avoid arrest by the Provisional Government.

When he was 55 years old, the Cossack krug had elected Kaledin as their ataman. According to Peter Kenez, Kaledin "...thus became the first democratically chosen leader of the Cosacks since 1723."

Civil War
According to Kenez, "On November 9, immediately after receiving news of the Petrograd revolution, and acting in the name of the voisko government, he invited the members of the Provisional Government to Novocherkassk to join him in organizing the anti-Bolshevik struggle." On 15 November, Mikhail Alekseyev arrived and started organizing a new army. On 20 November, the voisko declared its independence. On 5 December, Kaledin declared martial law when news came of a Red Guard detachment had been sent by the Soviet regime. Between 9 and 15 December, with the aid of the Alekseev Organization, Kaledin was able to suppress Bolshevik resistance in Rostov-on-Don, and then open the third session of the krug. On 19 December, Lavr Kornilov arrived, and by the end of the month, had reorganized the Alekseev Organization into the Volunteer Army. By January 1918, Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko was threatening Rostov and Taganrog with a force led by Sivers. On 8 February, Sivers had taken control of Taganrog, and Kornilov decided to retreat from the Don.

The ensuing loss of Rostov-on-the-Don and the Volunteer Army's retreat during their Ice March led Kaledin to believe that the whole situation had become hopeless. On 11 February, he resigned from his post and committed suicide by shooting himself.

Honours and awards

 * Order of St. Anna, 3rd class (1897)
 * Order of Saint Stanislaus, 2nd class (1902)
 * Order of St. George, 4th class for the battle on the river near the village of Hnyla Lypa, October 12, 1914.
 * Order of St. George, 3rd class for the Battle of Kalush, September 12, 1915.
 * Sword of St. George

title: Alexey Kaledin


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Rio Frio e Milhão

Rio Frio e Milhão is a civil parish in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Rio Frio and Milhão. The population in 2011 was 364, in an area of 63.51 km².

title: Rio Frio e Milhão


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Salsas

Salsas is a civil parish in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 389, in an area of 26.12 km².

title: Salsas


text:
Samil, Portugal

Samil is a civil parish in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 1,246, in an area of 10.25 km2.

title: Samil, Portugal