text:
User talk:Rje/Archive1

This is an archived talk page. If you wish to leave me a message, please do so at User talk:Rje. Thankyou.

Archives

 * Archive 1 - October 2004/February 2005
 * Archive 2 - March/April 2005
 * Archive 3 - May/July 2005
 * Archive 4 - August/October 2005
 * Archive 5 - November 2005/June 2006
 * Archive 6 - July 2006/August 2007
 * Archive 7 - August 2007/October 2009
 * Current - October 2009 to present

Nonsense article marking
You just marked a nonsense article with the Votes for deletion template. However such patent nonsense can be deleted without any need of discussion - and for such articles we have the template. To see what stuff qualifies for the fast deletions see Speedy deletion. Have fun to continue with the New pages patrol, we can need more like you. andy 20:32, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Hi
Just saying hi because I saw your note on the new user log. Literature is something we can always use help with, and I'm sure the music folks can use another hand too. Glad to have you aboard. Isomorphic 19:01, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Kate Bush
Thanks for the input on The Kick Inside. I'm (slowly) working my way through her album list, but there are a LOT of facts about them that I just don't know -- Martin TB 18:05, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Glad to help, though that's the only album I own by Kate Bush. allmusic is a useful site for information like track lengths, recording info etc. Rje 18:16, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks to the link. I'm registered there now and they've proved damn useful :) -- Martin TB 18:46, 13 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Peter Barnes article
Hi, and congratulations on your biography of Peter Barnes. Looking forward to reading more from you. All the best,  11:30, Nov 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks. Rje 16:28, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Bias
I'd like your opinion at Requests for arbitration. Thanks. Chameleon 12:12, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Whilst I am concerned about Americanism on Wikipedia. I think jumping straight to arbitration is taking it a bit too far. Rje 18:40, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Victorian era
You voted for Victorian era, this week's UK Collaboration of the week. Please come and help it become a featured-standard article. -- Graham ☺ | Talk 02:48, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 2000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

VfD tag on Morris Peterson
The user put the VFD on the article 2 seconds after it was up, not as if i think the article will be voted down, but pople nedd to look at the vality of the article to see if it can be cleaned up or expaned before being put to a vote ot else it negates the whole idea of expanding an article. --Boothy443 01:27, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * No offence taken, and i do understand what you mean, i think their are a lot of things that people are a bit to quick off the draw on where as some they let fester and become bigger problems then they should be. BTW good points of the Clydeside VfD. --Boothy443 01:59, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)

VfD 'this land lyrics'
Please reconsider your keep vote on Votes_for_deletion/This_land_lyrics, there has been an update on the information in the article. See Shimgray's comment near the bottom Thanks! hfool/Wazzup? 02:43, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Ivorian/Ivoirian
Hi there, Rje.

With reference to Kolo Toure and others, would the spelling "Ivorian" (as you have suggested) be preferred to "Ivoirian"? I was working on the basis at the time that the Wikipedia article referencing the soccer team was at Cote d'Ivoire (with apologies for lack of circumflexes) rather than the Ivory Coast.

Either way is fine with me, just curious as to your point of view. Bobo192 22:16, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm swayed. Ivorian it is. Eitherway, as long as we stick to the one - I'll just go triple-check which soccer clubs the Ivory Coast's flags link to, now, and edit them accordingly.

 * Thank you. Bobo192 04:06, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Speedy Delete
I am not sure that you can delete a users homepage. If a uses wants to have certain things up on his homepage, he can have it. You can't be the judge of what someone can have on their user homepage bakuzjw (aka 578) 01:53, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Perhaps then there was some error in the software then. Sorry bakuzjw (aka 578) 03:03, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC)

My user page
I would like to thank you for finding the vandalism on my user page and reverting it. I didn't even notice, thank you very much again. Wikiacc 18:58, 29 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Move of Middlesex
Just thought I'd let you know that the time has elapsed for consensus to be reached in the page move request of Middlesex, England to Middlesex, and it was just one vote off consensus to be moved. Please leave any comments on this deciion at Talk:Middlesex, England, under the archived discussion. -- Francs2000 | Talk 00:55, 3 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Hello
I'm here to let you know I just reverted some vandalism to your Goals subpage. By the way, are you interested in being an administrator? If so, I would be happy to nominate you, just tell me if you're willing to be nominated. --Michael Snow 19:26, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks in return, I noticed you fixed my pipe sloppiness here. Anyway, I've gone ahead and posted your nomination; since I've seen you participating regularly at RfA, I assume you know the drill. --Michael Snow 03:33, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Double words
While I thank you for your contribution to User:R3m0t/Reports, note that if you correct a mistake you remove it from the list and if the mistake is a false positive you strike it out. Please read the rules again.

If you can remember which were false positives, please remove the rest. Otherwise, I have a script which I will run and remove them myself. :) Thanks again for your contribution. r3m0t 21:53, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for editing repeated words
Thanks for your work at User:R3m0t/Reports. Ignoring the fact that Gmail addresses are now dirt cheap and available on Wikipedia, I can offer you up to 3 addresses as token of gratitude (and showing off that I have those invitations ;)) If you accept (reply on the reports page please), make sure that you are accepting e-mails from the left link "E-mail this user". r3m0t 22:05, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I meant to leave both messages although I guess if you don'twant gmail addresses this one is irrelevant. r3m0t 07:13, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Thank you!
Just a quick "thank you" for voting me for admin. Now all I've got to do is find out how to use these worrying new powers... Grutness|hello? 05:58, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Congratulations!
Congratulations! It's my pleasure to let you know that, consensus being reached, you are now an administrator. You should read the relevant policies and other pages linked to from the administrators' reading list before carrying out tasks like deletion, protection, banning users, and editing protected pages such as the Main Page. Most of what you do is easily reversible by other sysops, apart from page history merges and image deletion, so please be especially careful with those. You might find the new administrators' how-to guide helpful. Cheers! -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 04:54, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * You're quite welcome! :) -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 05:00, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Thanks
A quick thanks for voting me to adminship. utcursch 08:00, Feb 23, 2005 (UTC)

Speedy deletions and VFD
Hi. I would very much appreciate after deleting an article with a VFD notice, once the article has been speedied and meets the speedy criteria, that you go back to the VFD subpage and close the discussion of the debate.

Simply do these simple instructions:
 * 1) Place the    above the section title.
 * 2) Insert the reason why you are closing the debate: For example, speedy delete under speedy criteria #3
 * 3) Sign your name at the top
 * 4) Place    at the bottom of the page
 * 5) Save the page.

 speedy delete --~

Article Name
Debate here   Your cooperation and assistance is appreciated. Thank you so much. -- AllyUnion (talk) 09:14, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rje/Archive1


text:
Talk:T-Bolan

Is the name derived from T. Rex and Marc Bolan???

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:T-Bolan


text: User talk:192.117.107.224

title: User talk:192.117.107.224


text:
Descalvado

Descalvado is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The population is 33,910 (2020 est.) in an area of 753.7 km².

History
The city was founded firstly as a settlement in the 1830s and was one of the main coffee producer in São Paulo's golden coffee plantation years.

Economy
Descalvado's economy is farming based and sugar cane and poultry are its main products.

Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

Religion
Christianity is present in the city as follows:

Catholic Church
The Catholic church in the municipality is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Limeira.

Protestant Church
The most diverse evangelical beliefs are present in the city, mainly Pentecostal, including the Assemblies of God in Brazil (the largest evangelical church in the country), Christian Congregation in Brazil, among others. These denominations are growing more and more throughout Brazil.

title: Descalvado


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Sydney/Cities

Todo: We should make this page a superpage of WikiProject Sydney/Suburbs. We need to work out our structure. Also, we need to modify our core page's structure.

Also, we have an excellent city box (thanks to Randwicked!). See User_talk:Randwicked.

Ta bu shi da yu 13:48, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Is this for local government areas? I'm confused. Ambi 13:54, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:WikiProject Sydney/Cities


text:
Alive in America

Alive in America is a live album by the American rock group Steely Dan, released in 1995. It is Steely Dan's first live album. The album comprises recordings from their 1993 and 1994 tours, which were the first live Steely Dan performances since 1974.

Critical reception
Writing for The Village Voice in 1995, Carola Dibbell found the album "(naturally) excellent" but, having witnessed most of the featured performances in person, said it "sounded better truly live" while preferring the band's complete studio-album compilation Citizen Steely Dan (1993).

Personnel
Steely Dan
 * Walter Becker – guitar, lead vocals on "Book of Liars"
 * Donald Fagen – lead vocals, melodica, electric piano

Additional musicians
 * Warren Bernhardt – piano
 * Georg Wadenius – guitar
 * Drew Zingg – guitar
 * Tom Barney – bass guitar
 * Cornelius Bumpus – tenor saxophone
 * Chris Potter – alto saxophone, tenor saxophone
 * Bob Sheppard – soprano saxophone, tenor saxophone
 * Dennis Chambers – drums on "Babylon Sisters", "Bodhisattva", "Reelin' In the Years", "Josie", "Peg", "Kid Charlemagne", "Sign in Stranger", and "Aja"
 * Peter Erskine – drums on "Green Earrings", "Book of Liars", and "Third World Man"
 * Catherine Russell – percussion, background vocals, human whistle
 * Bill Ware – percussion, vibraphone
 * Diane Garisto – background vocals
 * Brenda White-King – background vocals

Technical personnel
 * Producer: Donald Fagen
 * Engineers: Phil Burnett, Roger Nichols
 * Directors: Warren Bernhardt, Drew Zingg
 * Morpheus Lights Technician: Bryce Heugel

title: Alive in America


text: User talk:219.77.246.22

title: User talk:219.77.246.22


text:
Z-pinch

In fusion power research, the Z-pinch (zeta pinch) is a type of plasma confinement system that uses an electric current in the plasma to generate a magnetic field that compresses it (see pinch). These systems were originally referred to simply as pinch or Bennett pinch (after Willard Harrison Bennett), but the introduction of the θ-pinch (theta pinch) concept led to the need for clearer, more precise terminology.

The name refers to the direction of the current in the devices, the Z-axis on a Cartesian three-dimensional graph. Any machine that causes a pinch effect due to current running in that direction is correctly referred to as a Z-pinch system, and this encompasses a wide variety of devices used for an equally wide variety of purposes. Early uses focused on fusion research in donut-shaped tubes with the Z-axis running down the inside of the tube, while modern devices are generally cylindrical and used to generate high-intensity x-ray sources for the study of nuclear weapons and other roles. It is one of the first approaches to fusion power devices, along with the stellarator and magnetic mirror.

Physics
The Z-pinch is an application of the Lorentz force, in which a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a force. One example of the Lorentz force is that, if two parallel wires are carrying current in the same direction, the wires will be pulled toward each other. In a Z-pinch machine the wires are replaced by a plasma, which can be thought of as many current-carrying wires. When a current is run through the plasma, the particles in the plasma are pulled toward each other by the Lorentz force, thus the plasma contracts. The contraction is counteracted by the increasing gas pressure of the plasma.

As the plasma is electrically conductive, a magnetic field nearby will induce a current in it. This provides a way to run a current into the plasma without physical contact, which is important as a plasma can rapidly erode mechanical electrodes. In practical devices this was normally arranged by placing the plasma vessel inside the core of a transformer, arranged so the plasma itself would be the secondary. When current was sent into the primary side of the transformer, the magnetic field induced a current into the plasma. As induction requires a changing magnetic field, and the induced current is supposed to run in a single direction in most reactor designs, the current in the transformer has to be increased over time to produce the varying magnetic field. This places a limit on the product of confinement time and magnetic field, for any given source of power.

In Z-pinch machines the current is generally provided from a large bank of capacitors and triggered by a spark gap, known as a Marx Bank or Marx generator. As the conductivity of plasma is fairly good, about that of copper, the energy stored in the power source is quickly depleted by running through the plasma. Z-pinch devices are inherently pulsed in nature.

Early machines
Pinch devices were among the earliest efforts in fusion power. Research began in the UK in the immediate post-war era, but a lack of interest led to little development until the 1950s. The announcement of the Huemul Project in early 1951 led to fusion efforts around the world, notably in the UK and in the US (see Perhapsatron, a z-pinch machine at LANL). Small experiments were built at labs as various practical issues were addressed, but all of these machines demonstrated unexpected instabilities of the plasma that would cause it to hit the walls of the container vessel. The problem became known as the "kink instability".

Stabilized pinch
By 1953 the "stabilized pinch" seemed to solve the problems encountered on earlier devices. Stabilized pinch machines added external magnets that created a toroidal magnetic field inside the chamber. When the device was fired, this field added to the one created by the current in the plasma. The result was that the formerly straight magnetic field was twisted into a helix, which the particles followed as they traveled around the tube driven by the current. A particle near the outside of the tube that wanted to kink outward would travel along these lines until it returned to the inside of the tube, where its outward-directed motion would bring it back into the centre of the plasma.

Researchers in the UK started construction of ZETA in 1954. ZETA was by far the largest fusion device of its era. At the time, almost all fusion research was classified, so progress on ZETA was generally unknown outside the labs working on it. However US researchers visited ZETA and realized that they were about to be outpaced. Teams on both sides of the Atlantic rushed to be the first to complete stabilized pinch machines.

ZETA won the race, and by the summer of 1957 it was producing bursts of neutrons on every run. Despite the researchers' reservations, their results were released with great fanfare as the first successful step on the path to commercial fusion energy. However, further study soon demonstrated that the measurements were misleading, and none of the machines were near fusion levels. Interest in pinch devices faded, although ZETA and its cousin Sceptre served for many years as experimental devices.

Fusion-based propulsion
A concept of Z-pinch fusion propulsion system was developed through collaboration between NASA and private companies. The energy released by the Z-pinch effect would accelerate lithium propellant to a high speed, resulting in a specific impulse value of 19400 s and thrust of 38 kN. A magnetic nozzle would be required to convert the released energy into a useful impulse. This propulsion method could potentially reduce interplanetary travel times. For example, a mission to Mars would take about 35 days one-way with a total burn time of 20 days and a burned propellant mass of 350 tonnes.

Tokamak
Although it remained relatively unknown for years, Soviet scientists used the pinch concept to develop the tokamak device. Unlike the stabilized pinch devices in the US and UK, the tokamak used considerably more energy in the stabilizing magnets, and much less in the plasma current. This reduced the instabilities due to the large currents in the plasma, and led to great improvements in stability. The results were so dramatic that other researchers were skeptical when they were first announced in 1968. Members of the still-operational ZETA team were called in to verify the results. The tokamak became the most studied approach to controlled fusion.

Sheared-flow stabilized
Sheared-flow stabilizing uses one or more high speed annular flowing plasma layers, surrounding a plasma filament, to stabilize the filament against kink and pinch instabilities.

In 2018, a sheared-flow stabilized Z-pinch demonstrated neutron generation. It was built by a fusion company, Zap Energy, Inc., a spin-off from the University of Washington, and funded by strategic and financial investors and grants from the Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy (ARPA-E). Flow stabilized plasma remained stable 5,000 times longer than a static plasma. A mix of 20% deuterium and 80% hydrogen by pressure, produced neutron emissions lasting approximately 5 μs with pinch currents of approximately 200 kA during an approximately 16 μs period of plasma quiescence. Average neutron yield was estimated to be (1.25±0.45)×105 neutrons/pulse. Plasma temperatures of 1–2 keV (12–24 million °C) and densities of approximately 1017 cm−3 with 0.3 cm pinch radii were measured.

Experiments
Z-pinch machines can be found at University of Nevada, Reno (USA), Cornell University (USA), University of Michigan (USA), Sandia National Laboratories (USA), University of California, San Diego (USA), University of Washington (USA), Ruhr University (Germany), Imperial College (United Kingdom), École Polytechnique (France), Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (Mexico), NSTRI (Iran).

title: Z-pinch


text:
User talk:DG~enwiki

Leave me a message!

These days I log in to Wikipedia only sporadically. If you need to get in touch with me quickly, see my contact information outside of Wikipedia.

Thank you!
Thanks in part to your support, I am Wikipedia's newest bureaucrat. I will do my best to live up to your confidence and kind words. Andre (talk) 09:29, 11 July 2007 (UTC) P.S. Thanks for nothing, you bastard.

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called DG. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name DG~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:17, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:50, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Tia logo.png

The file File:Tia logo.png has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "unused, low-res, no obvious use"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion.

This bot DID NOT nominate any file(s) for deletion; please refer to the page history of each individual file for details. Thanks, FastilyBot (talk) 01:00, 22 December 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:DG~enwiki


text:
Repeating crossbow

The repeating crossbow, also known as the repeater crossbow, and the Zhuge crossbow (, also romanized Chu-ko-nu) due to its association with the Three Kingdoms-era strategist Zhuge Liang (181–234 AD), is a crossbow invented during the Warring States period in China that combined the bow spanning, bolt placing, and shooting actions into one motion.

The earliest archaeological evidence of the repeating crossbow is found in the state of Chu, but it uses a pistol grip that is different from the later and more commonly known Ming dynasty design.

Although the repeating crossbow was in use throughout most of Chinese history until the late Qing dynasty, it was generally regarded as a non-military weapon suited for women, defending households against robbers.

History

According to the Wu-Yue Chunqiu (history of the Wu-Yue War), written in the Eastern Han dynasty, the repeating crossbow was invented during the Warring States Period by a Mr. Qin from the State of Chu. This is corroborated by the earliest archaeological evidence of repeating crossbows, which was excavated from a Chu burial site at Tomb 47 at Qinjiazui, Hubei Province, and has been dated to the 4th century BC, during the Warring States Period (475 - 220 BC). Unlike repeating crossbows of later eras, the ancient double-shot repeating crossbow uses a pistol grip and a rear-pulling mechanism for arming. The Ming repeating crossbow uses an arming mechanism that requires its user to push a rear lever upwards and downwards back and forth. Although handheld repeating crossbows were generally weak and required additional poison, probably aconite, for lethality, much larger mounted versions appeared during the Ming dynasty.

In 180 AD, Yang Xuan used a type of repeating crossbow powered by the movement of wheels:

The invention of the repeating crossbow has often been attributed to Zhuge Liang, but he in fact had nothing to do with it. This misconception is based on a record attributing improvements to the multiple bolt crossbows to him.

During the Ming dynasty, repeating crossbows were used on ships.

Although the repeating crossbow has been used throughout Chinese history and is attested as late as 19th century Qing dynasty in battle against the Japanese, it was generally not regarded as an important military weapon. The Wubei Zhi, written during the 17th century, says that it was favored by people in southeast China but lacked in strength and its bolts tended not to harm anyone. The functions of the repeating crossbow listed in the text are primarily non-military: tiger hunting, defending fortified houses, and usage by timid men and women. According to the Tiangong Kaiwu, also written during the 17th century, the repeating crossbow is only useful against robbers.

Designs

The repeating crossbow combined the actions of spanning the bow, placing the bolt, and shooting into a one-handed movement, thus allowing for a much higher rate of fire than a standard hand-held crossbow. The most common repeating crossbow design originated from the Ming Dynasty and consisted of a top-mounted magazine containing a reservoir of bolts which fed the crossbow using gravity, a rectangular lever attached to both the tiller and the magazine, and a tiller mounting the prods with a stock. By holding the tiller firmly against the hip while pushing and pulling the lever forwards and backwards, the user was able to catch the drawstring on to side notches at the back of the magazine while loading the bolt. A sliding lug nut at the back of the magazine pushed the drawstring out of the notches once the lever is fully pulled backwards; with the tiller pushing the nut up and enabling the drawstring to propel the loaded bolt. The Korean version mounted the magazine at the end of a longer stalk as well as a pivoting recurve bow as a prod; increasing the draw strength, span, range, and performance of the crossbow. Additionally, both the Ming Dynasty in China and the Joseon Dynasty in Korea developed variations that either shot two to three bolts per draw or fired pellets in place of bolts.

An earlier version originated from the State of Chu during the Warring States period used a different design. It consisted of a tiller mounting a fixed double magazine on top as well as a pistol style grip at the bottom beneath the prods mount. Instead of an overhand lever for arming and shooting, it used a sliding lever that had a handle tied to the end with a chord. The lever was pumped forwards and backwards with one hand while the user held the pistol grip firm with the other hand; in a manner similar to drawing a regular bow. Within the crossbow, the lever was embedded with a special metal trigger composed of a latch and sear; the entire trigger being shaped like a crab's claw arm. Upon pushing the lever forward, the trigger was moved forward to catch the drawstring and becomes locked firm by friction and tensional forces from grooves inside the mounting lever and sear. Upon being drawn back, the draw string is spanned while the double magazine fed two bolts onto the firing slots on either side of the trigger once the drawstring is almost fully drawn. At the very end of the pulling action, the sear comes in contact with a round bar that holds the sliding lever in place. The bar pushed the sear forward to release the trigger and enable the drawstring to propel the two loaded bolts. Ultimately, it was superseded by the aforementioned design from the Ming Dynasty due to being overly complex with weaker performance.

Another design was more recently manufactured by EK Archery Research, with their Adder Crossbow designed by Jörg Sprave. The crossbow features a magazine to hold five bolts and a self loading arm. The Adder Crossbow, released in 2020, fires at around 82 m/s with a range of 55 m

Utility
The basic construction of the repeating crossbow has remained very much unchanged since its invention, making it one of the longest-lived mechanical weapons. The bolts of one magazine are fired and reloaded by simply pushing and pulling the lever back and forth.

The repeating crossbow had an effective range of 70 m and a maximum range of 180 m. Its comparatively short range limited its usage to primarily defensive positions, where its ability to rapidly fire up to 7–10 bolts in 15–20 seconds was used to prevent assaults on gates and doorways. In comparison, a standard crossbow could only fire about two bolts a minute. The repeating crossbow, with its smaller and lighter ammunition, had neither the power nor the accuracy of a standard crossbow. Thus, it was not very useful against more heavily armoured troops unless poison was smeared on bolts, in which case even a small wound might prove fatal.

title: Repeating crossbow


text:
Z. K. Matthews

Zachariah Keodirelang Matthews OLG (20 October 1901 – 11 May 1968 ) was a prominent black academic in South Africa, lecturing at South African Native College (renamed University of Fort Hare in 1955), where many future leaders of the African continent were among his students.

Early years
Z.K. Matthews was born in Winter's Rush near Kimberley in 1901, the son of a Bamangwato mineworker. Z.K. grew up in urban Kimberley, but maintained close connections with his mother's rural Barolong relatives. He went to Mission high school in the eastern Cape where he attended Lovedale. After Lovedale he studied at South African Native College in Fort Hare, and in 1923 he wrote the external examination of the University of South Africa.

In 1924, he was appointed head of the high school at Adams College in Natal, where Albert Luthuli was also a teacher. With Luthuli he attended meetings of the Durban Joint Council and held office in the Natal Teacher's Association, of which he eventually became president.

It was while he was in Natal, in 1928, that he married Frieda Bokwe, daughter of John Knox Bokwe, whom he had met as a student at Fort Hare. Their son, Joe, was born in 1929 in Durban.

In 1930, after private study, Matthews earned an LLB degree in South Africa, a degree he was awarded once again by the University of South Africa. He was admitted as an attorney and practiced for a short time in Alice. In 1933, he was invited to study at Yale University in the United States, and there in the following year he completed an MA. He then went on to spend a year at the London School of Economics where he studied anthropology under Bronisław Malinowski.

He returned to South Africa in 1935 and in 1936 was appointed Lecturer in Social Anthropology and Native Law and Administration at University of Fort Hare. After Davidson Don Tengo Jabavu’s retirement in 1944, Matthews was promoted to Professor and became head of Fort Hare’s Department of African Studies.

Political activism
Matthews did not confine himself to academic studies; he combined his study of anthropology and the law with an active political involvement. He found his true political home in the ANC. He had attended meetings as a boy in the company of Sol Plaatje, a senior relative, but it was only in 1940 that he became a member of the organisation. In 1943, he was elected to the National Executive Committee and at the same time he became a member of the Native Representative Council, a purely advisory body that has been condemned as a “toy telephone” and which Z.K. found generally frustrating, although he found dealing with the Native Education Act of 1945 a “valuable experience” not for the process but for the people he met. In June 1949, Matthews succeeded James Calata as ANC provincial president in the Cape.

In June 1952, on the eve of the Defiance Campaign, he left South Africa, and took up a position as visiting professor at New York's Union Theological Seminary.

He returned home in May 1953, and although not present at the Congress of the People in 1955, he assisted Lionel "Rusty" Bernstein in drawing up the Freedom Charter that was adopted there. Denis Goldberg credits him with being one of the driving forces behind the proposal for gathering and documenting the wishes of the people for the Charter.

Matthews was arrested in December 1956 and was one of the accused in the Treason Trial. On his release from the trial in late 1958, he returned to Fort Hare, but resigned his post in protest against the passing of legislation that reduced the university to an ethnic college for the Xhosa community only.

In 1961, he moved to Geneva to become secretary of the Africa division of the World Council of Churches.

In 1966, he accepted the post of newly formed Botswana ambassador to the United States and he died there in Washington on 11 May 1968.

Selected publications

 * A New Native Teachers' Course, Ilanga lase Natal, November 4, 11, 1927
 * Bantu Law and Western Civilisation in South Africa: A Study in the Clash of Cultures  Yale University, 1934. Master of Arts thesis.
 * A Short History of the Tshidi Barolong, Fort Hare Papers, vol. 1 no. 1, June 1945
 * Foreword, in Responsible Government in a Revolutionary Age, [ed.] Z. K. Matthews, Association Press, New York, 1966.
 * Freedom For My People, Cape Town: Collings, 1981. (Published posthumously in 1981)
 * Africa holds her own. An appreciation of Bantu tribal and national culture in the Imperial Protectorates and in the Union of South Africa. By W. Bryant Mumford. in co-operation with Hugh Ashton . [and] Z.K. Matthews.
 * African awakening and the universities, Cape Town University of Cape Town, 1961.

title: Z. K. Matthews


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Fechner color

The Fechner color effect is an illusion of color seen when looking at certain rapidly changing or moving black-and-white patterns. They are also called pattern induced flicker colors (PIFCs).

The effect is most commonly demonstrated with a device known as Benham's top (also called Benham's disk). When the top is spun, arcs of pale color are visible at different places on the disk that forms its upper surface. The effect can also be seen in stroboscopic lights when flashes are set at certain critical speeds. Rotating fan blades, particularly aluminum ones, can also demonstrate the effect; as the fan accelerates or decelerates, the colors appear, drift, change and disappear. The stable running speed of the fan does not (normally) produce colors, suggesting that it is not an interference effect with the frequency of the illumination flicker.

The effect was noted by Gustav Fechner and Hermann von Helmholtz and propagated to English-speakers through Charles Benham's invention of his top. Florence Winger Bagley was one of the early investigators of this phenomenon.

The perceptual mechanism of Fechner color is not entirely understood. One possible reason people see colors may be that the color receptors in the human eye respond at different rates to red, green, and blue. Or, more specifically, that the latencies of the center and the surrounding mechanisms differ for the different types of color-specific ganglion cells.

The phenomenon originates from neural activity in the retina and spatial interactions in the primary visual cortex, which plays a role in encoding low-level image features, such as edges and spatiotemporal frequency components. Research indicates that the blue–yellow opponent process accounts for all the different PIFCs.

Research has been done into the use of Benham's top and other PIFCs as diagnostic tools for diseases of the eye and the visual track. It has shown particular promise in detecting optic neuritis.

Benham's top
Benham's top is named after the English newspaper-man, amateur scientist, and toymaker Charles Benham, who in 1895 sold a top painted with the pattern shown. Benham was inspired to propagate the Fechner color effect through his top after his correspondence with Gustav Theodor Fechner, who had observed and demonstrated the said effect. Benham's top made it possible for speakers of the English language to learn of the Fechner color effect, about which Fechner's original reports were written in German.

title: Fechner color


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Death of a Ladies' Man (album)

Death of a Ladies' Man is the fifth studio album by Leonard Cohen, produced and co-written by Phil Spector. The album was in some ways a departure from Cohen's typical minimalist style by using Spector's Wall of Sound recording method, which included ornate arrangements and multiple tracks of instrument overdubs. The album was originally released in the US by Warner Bros., and on CD and the rest of the world by Cohen's long-time label, Columbia Records.

Background
By the mid-1970s, both Cohen and Spector were on a downward slide commercially. Although he remained popular in Europe, Cohen had never achieved the success in the United States that Columbia had hoped for. Spector had created hits such as "Be My Baby" and "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" with his "wall of sound" production technique in the 1960s, and had some success in the early 1970s by producing albums by John Lennon and George Harrison; however, his behaviour became increasingly erratic.

As Ira Nadel notes in the 1996 Cohen biography, Various Positions: A Life of Leonard Cohen, stories differ as to how Cohen and Spector became collaborators:
 * The liner notes on the album state that Marty Machat, who was Spector's lawyer as well as Cohen's, introduced them. According to Cohen, this occurred backstage after one of his performances at the Troubadour in L.A. Spector had uncharacteristically left his well-protected home to see Cohen, and at the show was strangely silent. Spector then invited Cohen back to his home, which, because of the air-conditioning, was very chilly, about "thirty-two degrees," Cohen recalled...Spector locked the door and Cohen reacted by saying, "As long as we are locked up, we might as well write some songs together." They went to the piano and started that night. For about a month they wrote (and drank) together and Cohen remembers it as a generous period, although he had to wear an overcoat almost constantly to work in Spector's freezing home.

Biographer Anthony Reynolds writes in the 2010 book Leonard Cohen: A Remarkable Life that friend and fellow Canadian songwriter Joni Mitchell tried to warn Cohen about working with Spector, Mitchell having witnessed some of the insanity between Spector and Lennon in Los Angeles, but initially - at least at the songwriting stage - the pair worked well together. Songwriter John Prine, who had also witnessed the producer's bizarre antics when he had been invited to his house to compose a song together, later marveled to Paul Zollo of BluebirdRailroad magazine that as soon as Spector "sat down with an instrument, he was normal." Things would change once Cohen and Spector entered a studio, with the producer's paranoia taking over and Cohen becoming increasingly disengaged from the project.

Recording
Spector would use three studios for the album, although his favorite remained the Gold Star Studios complex located at 6252 Santa Monica Boulevard near the corner of Vine Street in Hollywood. Spector recruited a plethora of top-shelf Los Angeles studio musicians to play on the songs, including guitarists Dan and David Kessel, drummers Hal Blaine and Jim Keltner, and pedal steel player Al Perkins, among many others. It was precisely in front of an audience, however, that Spector's megalomaniacal switch turned on, and soon Cohen felt overwhelmed. Speaking to Mojo's Sylvie Simmons in 2001, Cohen described his feelings at the time:
 * It was one of those periods when my chops were impaired, and I wasn't in the right kind of condition to resist Phil's very strong influence on and eventual takeover of the record. There were lots of guns around in the studio and lots of liquor, a somewhat dangerous atmosphere. He had bodyguards who were heavily armed also. He liked guns - I liked guns too but I generally don't carry one, and it's hard to ignore a .45 lying on the console. When I was working with him alone, it was very agreeable, but the more people in the room, the wilder Phil would get. I couldn't help but admire the extravagance of his performance, but at the time couldn't really hold my own."

During a cryptic exchange detailed in Ira Nadel's Cohen biography, Various Positions, Spector pointed a loaded pistol at Cohen's throat, cocked it, and said, "I love you, Leonard." Quietly, Cohen responded, "I hope you love me, Phil." Nadel also writes that the recording of the nine-minute title track began at 7:30 in the evening and lasted until 2:30 in the morning with the session musicians working on quadruple time, typical of the sessions as a whole. Another night, poet Allen Ginsberg and Bob Dylan showed up and were ordered by Spector to sing background vocals on the raucously burlesque "Don't Go Home With Your Hard-on". Most of the songs deal with themes of unbridled sexuality and brutal voyeurism, such as "Paper Thin Hotel" ("The walls of this hotel are paper thin/Last night I heard you making love to him..."), and are couched in Spector's bombastic sprawl of sonic grandeur. The buoyant "Fingerprints" is a fiddle-infused hootenanny that recalls Cohen's love of country music. Early versions of "Iodine" (then called "Guerrero") and "Don't Go Home with Your Hard-on" were performed in concert as early as 1975 (with music credited to John Lissauer) and are widely available on bootlegs. As Anthony Reynolds reports in his 2010 Cohen biography, the sessions did not even "officially" end:
 * One day Phil just failed to return to the studio, keeping all the tapes (as he had done with Lennon's masters) and going on to mix them alone. Cohen was aghast. He did not consider his recorded vocals to be anywhere near definitive. As far as he was concerned they were merely "guide" vocals for the benefit of the musicians. He had expected to be able to take time on his singing but with Spector holding the tapes hostage at an unknown location this now seemed impossible, unless he brought his own bunch of heavies to take on Spector's. "I had the option of hiring my own private army and fighting it out with him on Sunset Boulevard or letting it go...I let it go."

Marty Marchet's son Steven secured a deal with Warner Bros. to release the record, one that Cohen would always harbor mixed feelings about. "I'm too ashamed to tell the whole truth of what happened there", Cohen confessed to Adrian Deevoy of Q magazine in 1991. "People were skating around on bullets, guns were finding their way into hamburgers, guns were all over the place. It wasn't safe. It was mayhem, but it was part of the times. It was rather drug-driven. But I like Phil, and the instinct was right. I'd do it again." Interviewed for the 2005 documentary I'm Your Man, Cohen expressed disappointment in the record and felt that the songs "got away" from him; he also noted that it was a favorite among "punksters" as well as his daughter. At the time of the album's release, however, he was much less generous in his public response to the album, calling Spector's production "a 'catastrophe'". Of the album's eight selections, "Memories" is the only track Cohen regularly performed in concert (on tours in 1979, 1980 and 1985). He apparently liked the song enough that he included it in his 1983 experimental art film I Am a Hotel, as the sole non-acoustic piece alongside four other songs which have generally enjoyed more positive fan response: "Suzanne", "Chelsea Hotel #2", "The Guests", and "The Gypsy's Wife". A "de-Spectorized" version of "Memories" ended up being released when Cohen's album Field Commander Cohen: Tour of 1979 was issued in 2001. This version includes a saxophone solo different from that of the album version's.

In 1978, Cohen would release a book of poetry with the slightly altered title Death of a Lady's Man. It has nothing in common with the album, with only one exception: it contains the poem "Death of a Lady's Man", which is identical to the lyrics of the album's title song.

Album cover
The liner notes of the Cohen album disclose that the photo was taken by an "Anonymous Roving Photographer at a Forgotten Polynesian Restaurant". It features (from left to right) Eva LaPierre, Cohen and Suzanne Elrod, the mother of Adam and Lorca Cohen.

Reception
Death of a Ladies' Man was released to universal confusion and largely bad reviews, leaving many die-hard Cohen fans stunned. Rolling Stone headlined its review with "Leonard Cohen's doo-wop Nightmare" and observed, "Too much of the record sounds like the world's most flamboyant extrovert producing and arranging the world's most fatalist introvert." The Toronto Star declared in large type, "Leonard Cohen is for Musical Sadists". While defending the album, in a retrospective review AllMusic writer Dave Thompson concedes, "It is also true that a cursory listen to the album suggests that the whole thing was simply a ragbag of crazy notions thrown into the air to see where they landed." In 2010, Cohen biographer Anthony Reynolds singled out "True Love Leaves No Traces" for praise, describing the song, which Cohen sings with Ronee Blakley, as "incandescently beautiful as anything either man would ever commit to tape".

Commercial performance
Up to 1978, the album was one of Cohen's biggest sellers in Sweden.

Cover versions and live performances
Death of a Ladies' Man has inspired fewer cover versions than any preceding Cohen album, but both "True Love Leaves No Traces" and "Don't Go Home with Your Hard-on" were covered on the Cohen tribute album I'm Your Fan. The songs were performed by Dead Famous People and the duo David McComb & Adam Peters, respectively. "Memories" has also been covered at least five times by other artists, including John Darnielle of The Mountain Goats and Will Toledo of Car Seat Headrest, although the latter modifies the lyrics considerably. "Iodine" earned three known performances in Cohen's European tour of 1979. The Last Shadow Puppets performed a version of "Memories" on their autumn 2008 tour. Swedish singer Svante Karlsson mentioned the album title in the song "I Nöd & Lust" (from Tro Inte Att Du Känner Mig 2010) in which the female character listens to it in her head phones during a train ride. In 2013, Guitars and Bongos Records released Greg Ashley's cover version of the entire Death of a Ladies' Man album. Kimberly Morrison, a.k.a. "The Duchess" from The Duchess and The Duke! provides some backing vocals. Greg's cover photo mimics Cohen's original photo, but replaces actual women with two mannequins.

Track listing
All songs written by Leonard Cohen (words) and Phil Spector (music).

 * Side one
 * 1) "True Love Leaves No Traces" – 4:26
 * 2) "Iodine" – 5:03
 * 3) "Paper Thin Hotel" – 5:42
 * 4) "Memories" – 5:59
 * 5) * Outro includes a quotation from The Shields' 1958 single "You Cheated, You Lied" and a reference to classic-era pop singer Frankie Laine.

 * Side two
 * 1) "I Left a Woman Waiting" – 3:28
 * 2) "Don't Go Home with Your Hard-On" – 5:36
 * 3) "Fingerprints" – 2:58
 * 4) "Death of a Ladies' Man" – 9:19

Personnel

 * Leonard Cohen – composer, vocals
 * Art Blaine – guitar
 * Hal Blaine – drums
 * Ronee Blakley – background vocals, featured on "True Love Leaves No Traces", "Iodine" and "Memories".
 * Bobby Bruce – fiddle, violin
 * Brenda Bryant – background vocals
 * John Cabalka – art direction
 * Conte Candoli – trumpet
 * Ron Coro – design
 * Jesse Ed Davis – guitar
 * Billy Diez – background vocals
 * Steve Douglas – flute, saxophone, wind
 * Oma Drake – background vocals
 * Bob Dylan – background vocals
 * Gene Estes – percussion
 * Venetta Fields – background vocals
 * Gerald Garrett – background vocals
 * Terry Gibbs – percussion, vibraphone
 * Allen Ginsberg – background vocals
 * Bruce Gold – engineer, assistant engineer
 * Barry Goldberg – keyboards
 * Tom Hensley – keyboards
 * David Isaac – guitar
 * Pete Jolly – keyboards
 * Jim Keltner – drums
 * Dan Kessel – organ, synthesizer, guitar, keyboards, background vocals
 * David Kessel – guitar, background vocals
 * Clydie King – background vocals
 * Sneaky Pete Kleinow – guitar, pedal steel, slide guitar
 * Michael Lang – keyboards
 * Larry Levine – engineer
 * Charles Loper – trombone
 * Sherlie Matthews – background vocals
 * Bill Mays – keyboards
 * Don Menza – flute, saxophone, wind, horn arrangements
 * Jay Migliori – saxophone
 * Art Munson – guitar
 * Bill Naegels – design
 * Ray Neapolitan – electric & upright bass
 * Al Perkins – pedal steel, slide guitar
 * Ray Pohlman – bass, guitar
 * Emil Richards – percussion
 * Don Randi – keyboards
 * Jack Redmond – trombone
 * Bob Robitaille – synthesizer, assistant engineer, synthesizer programming
 * Devra Robitaille – synthesizer, producer
 * Stan Ross – assistant engineer
 * Phil Spector – guitar, composer, keyboards, background vocals, producer, vocal arrangement, rhythm arrangements
 * Nino Tempo – arranger
 * Bill Thedford – background vocals
 * Julia Tillman Waters – background vocals
 * Oren Waters – background vocals
 * Lorna Willard – background vocals
 * Robert Zimmitti – percussion

Book
Cohen published the book Death of a Lady's Man in 1978. It has nothing in common with the album, with only one exception: it contains the poem "Death of a Lady's Man", which is identical to the lyrics of the album's title song.

In 2009, Scottish author Alan Bissett released his third novel, Death of a Ladies' Man, which makes references to Cohen throughout the text.

title: Death of a Ladies' Man (album)


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Anthochaera

Anthochaera is a genus of birds in the honeyeater family. The species are endemic to Australia and include the little wattlebird, the red wattlebird, the western wattlebird, and the yellow wattlebird. A molecular phylogenetic study has shown that the regent honeyeater also belongs in this genus.

Description
Of the five species in the genus only the yellow wattlebird (Anthochaera paradoxa) and the red wattlebird  (A. carunculata) have the wattles of their common name. These are bare fleshy appendages, usually wrinkled and often brightly coloured, hanging from the cheeks, neck or throat, and presumably serving for display.

A common name for species of the genus is wattlebird, a term also used for unrelated avian species.

Taxonomy
The genus Anthochaera was introduced in 1827 by the naturalists Nicholas Aylward Vigors and Thomas Horsfield. The name is derived from the Greek anthos meaning flower or bloom and khairō meaning to enjoy. The type species was designated as the little wattlebird by the German ornithologist Hans Friedrich Gadow in 1884.

The regent honeyeater (Anthochaera phrygia) was formerly placed in its own genus, Xanthomyza, but placed with the Anthochaera genus in a 2004 molecular phylogenetic study. The genus Anthochaera is sister group to the species Acanthagenys rufogularis, the spiny-cheeked honeyeater, separated as a monotypic genus.

Species and distribution
The genus Anthochaera contains the following species:

title: Anthochaera


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Dirce Reis

Dirce Reis is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil, situated at an elevation of 402 m. The population is 1,799 (2020 est.) in an area of 88.3 km2.

Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

title: Dirce Reis


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Imipramine

Imipramine, sold under the brand name Tofranil, among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) mainly used in the treatment of depression. It is also effective in treating anxiety and panic disorder. Imipramine is taken by mouth.

Common side effects of imipramine include dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness, low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, urinary retention, and electrocardiogram changes. Overdose of the medication can result in death. Imipramine appears to work by increasing levels of serotonin and norepinephrine and by blocking certain serotonin, adrenergic, histamine, and cholinergic receptors.

Imipramine was discovered in 1951 and was introduced for medical use in 1957. It was the first TCA to be marketed. Imipramine and the other TCAs (besides amitriptyline, which, at least in the U.K., remains at least just as commonly-prescribed as SSRIs) have decreased in use in recent decades, due to the introduction of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which, although generally significantly less potent in terms of clinical efficacy per-se, have fewer inherent side effects and are far safer in overdose. Irrespective of these caveats, however, imipramine has an invaluable place in psychiatry and other fields of medicine (e.g., with childhood enuresis), and is considered the "gold standard" for panic disorder.

Medical uses
Imipramine is primarily used for the treatment of depression and certain anxiety disorders, including acute post-traumatic stress reactions. A significant amount of research regarding its efficacy on acute post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents has focused on trauma resulting from burn-injuries. Although evidence for its efficacy in the treatment of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder appears to be less robust, it remains a viable treatment. Here, it may act fairly similarly to monoamine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine.

Caution is needed in prescribing imipramine (and its commercially-available metabolite, desipramine) in children and youth/adolescents (whether they suffer with, e.g., bed-wetting, panic attacks, acute trauma or, in the case of desipramine, ADHD), owing to possibility of certain side-effects which may be of particular concern in those under a certain age.

In the treatment of depression, it has demonstrated similar efficacy to the MAOI moclobemide. It has also been used to treat nocturnal enuresis because of its ability to shorten the time of delta wave stage sleep, where wetting occurs. In veterinary medicine, imipramine is used with xylazine to induce pharmacologic ejaculation in stallions. It is also used for separation anxiety in dogs and cats. Blood levels between 150 and 250 ng/mL of imipramine plus its metabolite desipramine generally correspond to antidepressant efficacy.

Contraindications
Combining it with alcohol consumption may cause more drowsiness, necessitating greater caution when drinking. It may be unsafe during pregnancy.

Many MAOIs are known to have serious interactions with imipramine. It is often contraindicated during their use or in the two weeks following their discontinuation. This category includes medications such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue, phenelzine, selegiline, moclobemide, procarbazine, rasagiline, safinamide, and tranylcypromine.

Side effects
These side effects can be contributed to the multiple receptors that imipramine targets such as serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, epinephrine, histamine. Those listed in italics below denote common side effects, separated by the organ systems that are affected.
 * Central nervous system: dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, seizures, headache, anxiety, tremors, stimulation, weakness, insomnia, nightmares, extrapyramidal symptoms in geriatric patients, increased psychiatric symptoms, paresthesia
 * Cardiovascular: orthostatic hypotension, ECG changes, tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, dysrhythmias
 * Eyes, ears, nose and throat: blurred vision, tinnitus, mydriasis
 * Gastrointestinal: dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, paralytic ileus, increased appetite, cramps, epigastric distress, jaundice, hepatitis, stomatitis, constipation, taste change
 * Genitourinary: urinary retention
 * Hematological: agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, leukopenia
 * Skin: rash, urticaria, diaphoresis, pruritus, photosensitivity

Interactions
Like other tricyclic antidepressants, imipramine has many medication interactions. Many MAOIs have serious interactions with this medication. Other categories of medications that may interact with imipramine include blood thinners, antihistamines, muscle relaxants, sleeping pills, thyroid medications, and tranquilizers. Some medications used for various conditions such as high blood pressure, mental illness, nausea, Parkinson's disease, asthma, colds, or allergies.

Certain medications increase the risk of serotonin syndrome, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), St. John's Wort, and drugs such as ecstasy. Other prescription drugs decrease the body's ability to eliminate imipramine. These include barbiturates, some antiarrhythmic medications, some antiepileptic drugs, and certain HIV drugs (protease inhibitors). Others may cause changes in the heart rhythm, such as QT prolongation.

Alcohol and tobacco may interact with imipramine. Tobacco may decrease the medication's effectiveness.

Pharmacodynamics
Imipramine affects numerous neurotransmitter systems known to be involved in the etiology of depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), enuresis and numerous other mental and physical conditions. Imipramine is similar in structure to some muscle relaxants, and has a significant analgesic effect and, thus, is very useful in some pain conditions.

The mechanisms of imipramine's actions include, but are not limited to, effects on: Bethanechol may also be able to alleviate the sexual-dysfunction symptoms which may occur in the context of tricyclic-antidepressant treatment.
 * Serotonin: very strong reuptake inhibition. Imipramine is a tertiary TCA, and is a potent inhibitor of serotonin reuptake, and to a greater extent than secondary amine TCAs such as nortriptyline and despiramine.
 * Norepinephrine: strong reuptake inhibition. Desipramine has more affinity to norepinephrine transporter than imipramine.
 * Dopamine: imipramine blocks D2 receptors. Imipramine, and its metabolite desipramine, have no appreciable affinity for the dopamine transporter (Ki = 8,500 and >10,000 nM, respectively).
 * Acetylcholine: imipramine is, to a certain extent, an antimuscarinic, specifically a relative antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. The attendant side-effects (e.g., blurry vision, dry mouth, constipation), however, are somewhat less common with imipramine than amitriptyline and protriptyline, which tend to cause antimuscarinic side-effects more often. All-in-all, however, it is prescribed with caution to the elderly and with extreme caution to those with psychosis, as the general brain activity enhancement in combination with the "dementing" effects of anticholinergics increases the potential of imipramine to cause hallucinations, confusion and delirium in this population. "Anti-cholinergic" side-effects, including urinary hesitancy/retention, may be treated/reversed with bethanechol and/or other acetylcholine-agonists.
 * Epinephrine: imipramine antagonizes adrenergic receptors, thus sometimes causing orthostatic hypotension.
 * Sigma receptor: activity on sigma receptors is present, but it is very weak (Ki = 520 nM) and it is about half that of amitriptyline (Ki = 300 nM).
 * Histamine: imipramine is an antagonist of the histamine H1 receptors.
 * BDNF: BDNF is implicated in neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and studies suggest that depressed patients have decreased levels of BDNF and reduced hippocampal neurogenesis. It is not clear how neurogenesis restores mood, as ablation of hippocampal neurogenesis in murine models do not show anxiety related or depression related behaviours. Chronic imipramine administration results in increased histone acetylation (which is associated with transcriptional activation and decondensed chromatin) at the hippocampal BDNF promoter, and also reduced expression of hippocampal HDAC5.

Pharmacokinetics
Imipramine has a varied absolute oral bioavailability ranging from 22% to 77%, leading to significant variability in pharmacokinetics. While the drug has rapid and complete absorption after oral administration, much of the drug is affected by first pass metabolism. Food has no effect on absorption, peak drug concentration, or time to peak drug concentration.

Within the body, imipramine is converted into desipramine (desmethylimipramine) as a metabolite.

Chemistry
Imipramine is a tricyclic compound, specifically a dibenzazepine, and possesses three rings fused together with a side chain attached in its chemical structure. Other dibenzazepine TCAs include desipramine (N-desmethylimipramine), clomipramine (3-chloroimipramine), trimipramine (2′-methylimipramine or β-methylimipramine), and lofepramine (N-(4-chlorobenzoylmethyl)desipramine). Imipramine is a tertiary amine TCA, with its side chain-demethylated metabolite desipramine being a secondary amine. Other tertiary amine TCAs include amitriptyline, clomipramine, dosulepin (dothiepin), doxepin, and trimipramine. The chemical name of imipramine is 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepin-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine and its free base form has a chemical formula of C19H24N2 with a molecular weight of 280.407 g/mol. The drug is used commercially mostly as the hydrochloride salt; the embonate (pamoate) salt is used for intramuscular administration and the free base form is not used. The CAS Registry Number of the free base is 50-49-7, of the hydrochloride is 113-52-0, and of the embonate is 10075-24-8.

History
The parent compound of imipramine, 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz [ b,f ] azepine (dibenzazepine), was first synthesized in 1899, but no pharmacological assessment of this compound or any substituted derivatives was undertaken until the late 1940s. Imipramine was first synthesized in 1951, as an antihistamine. The antipsychotic effects of chlorpromazine were discovered in 1952, and imipramine was then developed and studied as an antipsychotic for use in patients with schizophrenia. The medication was tested in several hundred patients with psychosis, but showed little effectiveness. However, imipramine was serendipitously found to possess antidepressant effects in the mid-1950s following a case report of symptom improvement in a woman with severe depression who had been treated with it. This was followed by similar observations in other patients and further clinical research. Subsequently, imipramine was introduced for the treatment of depression in Europe in 1958 and in the United States in 1959. Along with the discovery and introduction of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor iproniazid as an antidepressant around the same time, imipramine resulted in the establishment of monoaminergic drugs as antidepressants.

In the late 1950s, imipramine was the first TCA to be developed (by Ciba). At the first international congress of neuropharmacology in Rome, September 1958 Dr Freyhan from the University of Pennsylvania discussed as one of the first clinicians the effects of imipramine in a group of 46 patients, most of them diagnosed as "depressive psychosis". The patients were selected for this study based on symptoms such as depressive apathy, kinetic retardation and feelings of hopelessness and despair. In 30% of all patients, he reported optimal results, and in around 20%, failure. The side effects noted were atropine-like, and most patients experienced dizziness. Imipramine was first tried for treating psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, but proved ineffective. As an antidepressant, it did well in clinical studies and it is known to work well in even the most severe cases of depression. It is not surprising, therefore, that imipramine may cause a high rate of manic and hypomanic reactions in hospitalized patients with pre-existing bipolar disorder, with one study showing that up to 25% of such patients maintained on Imipramine switched into mania or hypomania. Such powerful antidepressant properties have made it favorable in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression.

Before the advent of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), its sometimes intolerable side-effect profile was considered more tolerable. Therefore, it became extensively used as a standard antidepressant and later served as a prototypical drug for the development of the later-released TCAs. Since SSRIs are superior in terms of inherent side-effect tolerability (although probably inferior in terms of actual efficacy), it has, as of the 1990s, no longer been used as commonly, but is sometimes still prescribed as a second-line treatment for treating major depression. It has also seen limited use in the treatment of migraines, ADHD, and post-concussive syndrome. Imipramine has additional indications for the treatment of panic attacks, chronic pain, and Kleine-Levin syndrome. In pediatric patients, it is relatively frequently used to treat pavor nocturnus and nocturnal enuresis.

Generic names
Imipramine is the English and French generic name of the drug and its INN, BAN, and DCF, while imipramine hydrochloride is its USAN, USP, BANM, and JAN. Its generic name in Spanish and Italian and its DCIT are imipramina, in German is imipramin, and in Latin is imipraminum. The embonate salt is known as imipramine pamoate.

Brand names
Imipramine is marketed throughout the world mainly under the brand name Tofranil. Imipramine pamoate is marketed under the brand name Tofranil-PM for intramuscular injection.

Availability
Imipramine is available for medical use widely throughout the world, including in the United States, the United Kingdom, elsewhere in Europe, India, Brazil, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.

Prescription trends
Between 1998 and 2017, along with amitriptyline, imipramine was the most commonly prescribed first antidepressant for children aged 5-11 years in England.

title: Imipramine


text:
Nova Scotia Supreme Court

The Nova Scotia Supreme Court is a superior court in the province of Nova Scotia.

The Supreme Court consists of 25 judicial seats including the position of Chief Justice and Associate Chief Justice. At any given time there may be one or more additional justices who sit as supernumerary justices. The justices sit in 18 different locations around the province.

Jurisdiction
As with all superior courts across the country, the court is said to have inherent jurisdiction. It hears civil and criminal trials. The criminal trials can be judge alone or judge and jury. The court will also hear appeals from the provincial court, small claims court, Family court, and various provincial tribunals.

Appeals of Supreme Court decisions are then made to the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal.

History
While the first court administering the Common Law was established in Annapolis Royal in 1721, the creation of a Supreme Court took place on October 21, 1754, several years before the Province was granted a legislative assembly. The court is the oldest court in Canada and is among the oldest in North America.

Jonathan Belcher was appointed the first Chief Justice of the Nova Scotia Supreme Court. The court's jurisdiction extended to the entire colony, which, after the Treaty of Paris ended the war with France in 1763, includes present day Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick and eastern Maine.

In 1990, on the recommendation of the Nova Scotia Court Structure Task Force, the County and Supreme courts were merged to create a bench of 25 judges at the trial level. Since 1999, the Supreme Court also administers the Nova Scotia Family Division Court, with eight judges, that has jurisdiction over divorces and other family law cases in the Halifax and industrial Cape Breton.

Supreme Court Family Division
The Supreme Court includes the Family Division which adjudicates matters of family law in the regions of Halifax and Cape Breton. As Supreme Court Justices, they have authority over both divorce as well as all other family law matters, unlike their provincial court counterparts who do not have the federal authority to adjudicate divorces.

title: Nova Scotia Supreme Court


text:
User:Dpbsmith/BEEFSTEW

This is a personal tool that I use myself. Others are free to use it if they like. I do not propose its use in any sort of policy. Dpbsmith (talk) 22:11, 20 May 2005 (UTC)

BEEFSTEW Basic Education Evaluation Form and Standardized Test for Evaluating Worthiness

For use on articles on high schools, particularly those listed on AfD. This scoring system represents my personal opinion and nothing more. I will be using it in future in order to make sure that my own evaluations of high school articles are as objective and consistent as possible

Each yes answer counts one point.

A) Is the article more than two sentences long? B) Does the article contain at least one coherent paragraph of text (other than list items)? C) Is the article more than 2000 bytes long? D) Does the article contain at least three facts that are not on the following list:
 * The school's name, address, telephone number, website.
 * The school's current enrollment
 * The name of the school's principal.
 * The school district or athletic conference/league to which it belongs.
 * The school colors, school mascot, and name of one athletic team.

E) Does the article include a photograph of the school? F) Does the article list at least one alumnus notable enough to be the subject of a Wikipedia article? G) Does the article mention a regional or national news story that mentions the school? (Not descriptions of athletic events in local media) H) Besides F and G, does the article make a serious effort to establish the school's notability and describe some distinct things about it that distinguish it from other schools? I) Would an alumnus of the school, reading the article, be pleased at how knowledgeable the article was? J) Could a teacher learn anything relevant to a job search by reading this article (other than basic contact information)?

Scoring examples:

Westview High School is a large high school of 2,300 students, located in Beaverton, Oregon, a suburb of Portland. External link: Westview High School
 * Score 0

Early version of Dr. Michael H. Krop High School
 * Score 3 (items A, B, D)

Improved version of Dr. Michael H. Krop High School
 * Score 7 (items A, B, C, D, H, I, J)

Montgomery Bell Academy Specific revision: Montgomery Bell Academy
 * '''Score 8 (items A, B, C, D, G ("Dead Poets Society"), H, I, J)

Moanalua High School Specific revision: Moanalua High School
 * '''Score 9 (items A, B, C, D, E, F, H, I, J)

Comments by other Wikipedians

 * I copied several comments about BEEFSTEW, in hopes of making it better.--AAAAA 03:07, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I like those criteria, and I think I'll use them. I'm changing my vote to keep. Cool Hand Luke 17:32, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree, BEEFSTEW is a good system for this. – Quadell (talk) (help) 22:45, Sep 26, 2004 (UTC)
 * It's a good start as a system, but if it gives this article a 7 while Montgomery Bell Academy gets an 8, then it seems apparent that this tool is inadequate. There seems to me to be an obvious gap in both quality and notability between the two articles that's far bigger than the numbers indicate. Gamaliel 23:22, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Gamaliel is probably right, but how could you improve BEEFSTEW? Improving scoring systems might serve to improve articles about high schools--AAAAA 23:28, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * On BEEFSTEW:
 * The criteria 'A'-'E' are poor indicators of whether an article (on high schools or otherwise) should be kept or deleted.
 * 'F' promotes "notability by association", which I believe is a poor guideline (and is generally rejected on VfD).
 * 'G' -- the "notability by national media mention" principle is sometimes used to bolster an article's case on VfD, but usually only if the media attention is due to notability, and not the other way around.
 * 'H' is an excellent measure.
 * 'I' is a little nebulous, and probably points mostly back to 'A'-'E'.
 * 'J' is good, I think, but will be more significant if and when Wikipedia is large and mature enough for a teacher to think it a good resource for finding well-maintained, unbiased, non-trivial information about high schools.
 * Notice that a stub about a very notable school might only score 1/10, whereas a mass of trivial information about an entirely unnotable school might score a 7/10 or 8/10 -- WOT 18:41, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * (For what it's worth, I am trying to evaluate the quality of the article, not the notability of the school, because my own opinion is that good articles about non-notable schools are tolerable. Dpbsmith (talk) 20:33, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Comments on improving. Why is the score only limited to 0-9? Do all of the selected items really have the same importance or value?  How about adding national awards?  Say ratings in national surveys or if a US school 2 National Merit scholarship awards in a year or 3 students in a 5 year period.  Does the fact that a school did well 30 years ago mean it should be included today if it is not doing as well?  Are all magnet schools automatically listed?  Does a district that has a lot of magnet schools make it harder for other schools in the district to get listed?  Does the fact that a notable resident created and helps fund the school affect the BEEFSTEW score?  Should it?  Should notable teachers affect the score?  The presence of a completed info box should add to the score. Vegaswikian 18:52, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment on US/western centric comments. While many of the comments may reflect this, I think it's because schools of interest to others would actually be placed in the WP for their language.  I would not expect that everyone speaks English so it would be easier for them to add schools to other WP projects. Vegaswikian 18:52, 16 May 2005 (UTC)
 * The featured Caulfield Grammar School article meets all the requirements of the BEEFSTEW, if you want to cite an example of a first-class school article. Harro5 01:46, July 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * This is an excellent tool, and well thought out process, for determining school notability. I love the "bar is set deliberately low" part.  A little effort goes a long way. -- MrDolomite | Talk 01:21, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Will school articles be kept up to date?

 * We shall ask another question:
 * If anything changes, will the article be updated in time?
 * This is a vital question. What if the school changes its principal? Something as bad as false information is outdated information. I don't think many high school articles, despite of frequent edits, will be updated in time. Most of us will not check the name of principal once it's in Wikipedia. This is not a good idea. If that article contains some other information known by insiders only (such as a science project, or a scandal ...), how do we update it if anything changes? Except for some magnet schools, I against nearly all high school articles. -- Toytoy 04:27, Mar 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * Reply: If concerned about contributing information which may become dated in years time, simply date the statement in preface. For example, "As of 2005, Mr. Daniel Smith is the senior principal of BEEFSTEW County High School."  --GRider\talk 20:32, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry, but I don't think that's adequate or appropriate for an encyclopedia. Encyclopedia articles are supposed to be relatively timeless.  The content should still be relevant in 100 years.  Ephemeral information should be edited out.  Slapping a date on the content and then failing to update the article does more harm than good to the credibility and usefulness of the encyclopedia as a whole.  Rossami (talk) 21:34, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * A lot of information on WP is both in flux and unlikely to be updated, but that is a common feature of all encyclopedias — I recently came across a WP article on a city that said something like "As of 1870, the population is 5000". "As of 1870"!! I think that the article's source was EB1911, and that encyclopedia had been unable to find more recent information... VivaEmilyDavies 15:47, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry you disagree. While Toytoy's concerns are valid, "as of" dates are frequently used on Wikipedia to mark content which may be subject to change in the future.  A cursory scan of articles about recent U.S. presidents validates this.  If these marks are good enough for the President of the United States, why not a high school principal?   --GRider\talk 22:02, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * The average number of editors and completely-up-to-date sources available for a US President is several thousand. The average number of editors and up-to-date sources available for Woop-Woop Lutheran Primary School is bound to be somewhat smaller. And for good reason. Slac speak up!  22:49, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * So, if I understand you correctly, the number of editors dedicated to a certain subject validates or invalidates this as a resolution? As Wikipedia grows, so will the number of editors available for each "Woop Woop" school, as you put it.  --GRider\talk 23:14, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Firstly, the number of available editors and sources is an excellent indication of the utility of a given article. If it's exceedingly low, the article will be information-poor and (as discussed above) out-of-date/unverifiable, rendering it useless. Secondly, the number of editors on Wikipedia is not and never will be infinite. Wikipedia will always have scarce resources - so it's best to allocate these to the topics that are most worthwhile (and not in a way that reinforces systemic bias). My point is that number of editors/sources *in this case* reinforces (not determines) the subject's lack of noteworthiness. Wouldn't it be better if all the effort devoted to the Schoolwatch were devoted towards, say, the Culture of Azerbaijan article, an area where there is a genuine and pressing dearth that affects Wikipedia's repute as a source? It's a matter of what readers expect to find in an encyclopedia. They don't need to reference it to check up on class timetables.
 * On a side note, it's interesting to see that you respond to me when I post in another user's namespace, but not in your own. Slac speak up!  23:26, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Suggesting an alternate documentary subject, such as Culture of Azerbaijan, seems more appropriate to discuss with authors of fictional subjects rather than non. --GRider\talk 00:55, 1 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I dunno. I think the idea of the Wikipedia is to be consensus-driven. While editors may choose to contribute to articles where Wikipedia is lacking, when there are other articles they may prefer, they're under no obligation to do so. If people want to make articles on schools, let them (but try and keep the quality up).
 * On the side note: It is very interesting to see GRider engaging in discussion. I hope it's something we'll see more of :) --Kieran 06:53, 1 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, I do believe that the number of editors ought to be a factor in the decision. There is a certain critical mass necessary to be reasonably sure that the article is on enough watchlists to be protected in the long-term from subtle vandalism and/or from the inclusion of unverified or biased content.  Very small or obscure topics are very difficult to protect.  Rossami (talk) 14:01, 1 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I beleive that someone made a request for a feature that shows the number of users watching a particular article somewhere (but I can't remember where). Does anyone know any more about it? Thryduulf 15:17, 1 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I vaguely recall that it was shouted down largely on the basis that it would be a powerful tool for vandals - they'd be able to confine vandalism to articles that they know no one's watching, and thus go undetected longer. —Korath (Talk) 11:23, Apr 6, 2005 (UTC)

 * Returning to the question: If anything changes, will the article be updated in time?
 * Actually, I think the answer is: Yes! Why are stubby high school articles a problem in the first place?  Because when anyone under the age or 20 (or over, for that matter) starts editing Wikipedia and wants to contribute by adding or editing an article which (a) they have special knowledge on but (b) might not be there yet ("Frist post!"), their high school is a natural choice.  But if they find that their school already has an article, but that (say) the listed principal is wrong, they can and hopefully will discover that purty blue [ edit ] link and fix it. Remember, schools have a constant stream of students flowing through. I'm inclined to suspect that school articles will tend to receive just enough attention from precisely the vested interestes that are in a position to maintain them. —Steve Summit (talk) 04:10, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

The examples listed are sooo egocentred on schools in the United States or western schools. Won't you represent schools (on this page) from the East out of accurate reflection? -- Natalinasmpf 22:41, 2 May 2005 (UTC)

Combining issues
I think this approach actually collapses 2 issues into one. Very short stubs aren't always helful, but they are hardly confined to schools. In general (not just with schools) then we have to assume that if a subject is inherently notable then the stub will probably grow. I can see these guidelines being the subject of endless arguments. Although I am not always a drastic inclusionist, I propose to treat all secondary schools as inherently notable, as this encourages young people to get involved in Wikipedia. PatGallacher 10:46, 2005 May 20 (UTC)

title: User:Dpbsmith/BEEFSTEW


text:
Divinolândia

Divinolândia is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 11,086 (2020 est.) in an area of 224 km2. The elevation is 1,040 m.

Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

title: Divinolândia


text:
Talk:Sex, Lies, and Videotape

Untitled
OK, so this article says that the film "boosted the careers of Soderbergh and the four major cast members," and the article for Eroticism in film says it "almost ruined the careers of the stars that participated in it." One or both of these statements is wrong or POV. Tverbeek 14:03, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Given the awards and nominations it's likely it didn't do any damage to Soderbergh's career at the very least. —Rory ☺ 08:18, Sep 27, 2004 (UTC)

 * It could've helped the director, who was relatively low profile at the time, while simultaneously hurting the actors.(Who were not unknown at that time)--T. Anthony 09:55, 7 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Then again checking the actors listed they apparently weren't that big yet. McDowell was still cursed by a Southern accent before this.(And in the US in least a Southern accent is generally deemed a curse. The view of people with Southern accents is generally "stupid" or at best "eccentric.") Don't know much on the others.--T. Anthony 09:58, 7 November 2005 (UTC)

Title?
Is the title of the movie genuinely uncapitalised? Okay, so it's on the poster, big deal. People take artistic license with posters, that's how we get stuff like eyeballs instead of Os. Do we transcribe the eyeballs? No, we just call them Os. IMDb calls the film Sex, Lies and Videotape. - Vague | Rant 03:47, Jan 31, 2005 (UTC)

 * Here's the link to Soderbergh's script for the film, which titles it in lower case:  < http://members.aol.com/rwsmittjr/scripts/sex_lies_and_videotape.txt > For what it's worth, Amazon lists it in lower case and I have seen it that way in other film guides.  There is a clear difference between an author's choice among the standard ways in which a letter can be represented (upper vs. lower case) and the choice to represent a letter as another object; this is tantamount to spelling out a number rather than representing it with numerals.  I'd respect the author's choice here and chalk up other forums' failure to do so to their not attending or caring enough to do so.  By the way, if someone could tell me how to enter my user name and time/date of entry automatically, I'd appreciate it.  -- "Major Danby" June 6, 2005

 * In the published version of the screenplay (which includes some of Soderbergh notes on the writing of the script) he specifically mentions that the title looks better in lowercase, and spells it that way throughout the book. Dynayellow 01:44, 30 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Found it: While discussing his ideas for titles, "Bob said without hesitation that Sex, Lies (actually that looks better lowercase) sex, lies, and videotape was by far the best title..." (p. 34, sex, lies, and videotape (published screenplay) by Stephen Soderbergh, Harper & Row Publishers, Inc.) Also uses that spelling on the "photostatic" copy of the original screenplay included in the book. I changed the spelling in the article, but not in the title.

 * Are you sure about the screenplay... here's a copy http://sfy.ru/sfy.html?script=sex_lies_and_videotape

Plot summary
I came to this page looking for something on the movie, and found that the article is actually missing a plot synopsis. I haven't seen it, so I can't fill that out (makes me want to see the film now actually), but could someone be bothered to put one up? Letoofdune 20:25, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Importance and impact
I am willing to go on record stating that this film is of top importance to at least the Independent Film movement of the 1990's. This film, by winning not only the Palme D'Or at Cannes, but also credibility to the American Independent Filmmaker in the eyes of Movie Executives, helped the cause of Independent filmmaking. T3hmyth 19:45, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

Walt Lloyd
I think Walt Lloyd Cinematographer link is wrong.--84.223.144.102 (talk) 09:58, 27 December 2008 (UTC)

Move?

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was no consensus to move the page, per the discussion below. Dekimasu よ! 11:00, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

 * sex, Lies, and Videotape →  — correct spelling, see talk page —
 * Serious literature uses both spellings, Guardian uses lowercase.
 * But WP:MOSTM: Sex, Lies, and Videotape? Anthony Appleyard (talk) 19:42, 4 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Oppose per MOSTM. Girolamo Savonarola (talk) 01:15, 5 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Oppose after reading MOSTM. Belasted (talk) 05:05, 7 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Oppose The proposed name violates MOSTM.  TJ   Spyke   04:43, 7 February 2009 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Pages linking to and mentioning article
Should the wikilinks and mentions on other articles, such as James Spader say Sex, Lies, and Videotape or sex, lies, and videotape? Most of them now say it with the caps. Belasted (talk) 05:08, 7 February 2009 (UTC)

Independent Spirit Awards
You forgot these accolades: Independent Spirit Awards for Best Film, Director, both Leading and Supporting Female categories Espngeek (talk) 13:33, 2 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sex, Lies, and Videotape


text:
Dobrada

Dobrada is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 9,010 (2020 est.) in an area of 150 km². The elevation is 150.55 m.

Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia Telefônica Brasileira until 1973, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012.

The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

title: Dobrada