text:
Talk:Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu

February 2017 Outdated maintenance tag
I removed the maintenance tag for the following reasons
 * 1) The subject is now dead
 * 2) I provided many citations and updated errors in the article

Would love for others such as Jamie Tubers to point out the neutrality issues with the article

Error of Gvernor General There is a slight error as to the Governor general of Nigeria in 1957. By all available research, James robertson was the Governor of nigeria at the time that Ojukwu had entered the army in 1957, not John Macpherson as mentioned by Mr Forsyth. Macpherson had been gobne for 2 years before ojukwu entered the army — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.18.235.48 (talk) 00:55, 31 May 2020 (UTC)

 * That the subject is dead has no correlation with maintenance templates. You provided one or two citations, but the article is still heavily populated with "Citation needed" tags, and there are even whole paragraphs and sections with no single reference. How have you solved the problem? Also, the article is filled with several unneutral and unbalanced viewpoints that need to be solved. Get yourself familiar with Wikipedia's Guidelines, and you would easily see that the issues raised by the templates are still very much present. Regards.--Jamie Tubers (talk) 23:44, 8 February 2017 (UTC)

Title
What's his title? --iFaqeer 01:54, Sep 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * Added Ikemba Nnewi (copied from a Nigerian Newspaper) to his name. —iFaqeer | Talk to me! 20:09, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)

Ojukwu cannot be called a General because he was fired from the army. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Zoldello (talk • contribs) 15:13, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

hometown
isn't it Umuahia, not Umuhia? —iFaqeer | Talk to me! 20:02, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)

The article is too cluttered with images. Perhaps we should remove some? Everyking 08:33, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

First Lady
I remember in 1970 reading a photo-history of the war, published by the Daily Times, showing a white woman and mixed-race boy emerging from a bunker, with the caption to the effect that they were Ojukwu's wife & child, abandoned in Biafra when he fled to the Ivory Coast. Anybody know anything about this?

From the help desk
This info was given at the help desk. Someone with more knowledge of the subject may like to verify and edit accordingly — Lost (talk) 15:52, 1 April 2007 (UTC)
 * I have made the correction, with a seemingly reliable source.--Vbd (talk) 16:07, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

Requested move
Since the person is best known by the name Emeka Ojukwu, the article should be moved there. The lead sentence acknowledges that he is best known by this name. Snocrates 09:33, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Looking through the alternatives in language box in the side bar, it looks like similar confusion prevails in many other Wikipedias, as to which name is optimal. Just running some searches in Google Books, it looks like Emeka Ojukwu is by far the most common English-language name.  I support the change.  DBaba (talk) 20:08, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Ah actually maybe it's not as clearcut as I thought. A google search for Ojukwu lists his publications as being authored by "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu".  So the name may be correct as it stands...  DBaba (talk) 20:17, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

Would editors like to discuss this name-change further, or is there a consensus to leave the page where it is? I'm clearing the backlog at RM, and I'd like to close this request, one way or the other. -GTBacchus(talk) 00:37, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

 * His name seems to be appearing in the media lately as it stands. I suggest keeping it as is. DBaba (talk) 00:45, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

Ok; I'm removing the listing from WP:RM then. If I can be of further assistance, please let me know. -GTBacchus(talk) 02:01, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

Rumours of death, stroke etc
There is substantial interest in Nigeria on his health and this interest could potentially be international as well.

Can we refrain from arbitrarily editing this page on rumours of death even if this rumour is reported in less credible newspapers.

A better approach would be to add a "current event tag" and then confirm any change in his health once this change is widely accepted and reported in respected newspapers. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Akinsope (talk • contribs) 08:24, 11 August 2011 (UTC)

 * On what authority is it being reported in the main article that Ojukwu has died on August 10, 2011? Ojukwu's death would be a media event at least in Nigeria, if not internationally, and there is no such media reporting. Therefore that entry should be deleted. People ought to be careful how they report on the death of other persons, especially if evidence is lacking.Merlin1935 (talk) 21:45, 13 August 2011 (UTC)

Trigger happy editing by a wikipedia editor proclaimed him dead. Editing now reversed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Akinsope (talk • contribs) 15:50, 14 August 2011 (UTC)

Death
Ojukwu is dead per Nigerian newspaper - Thisday

http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/dim-odimegwu-ojukwu-is-dead/103680/#.TtCZzy-LlEg.facebook

The article needs to be updated and revised for tenses and also for missing information eg: birthdate, rank etc.Akinsope (talk) 10:17, 26 November 2011 (UTC)

Edits to be made
Very unbalanced article - reads more like propaganda than history. Colonel Ojukwu's role in igniting and perpetuating the Biafran war is at best controversial. See "The Crisis Caravan" by Linda Polman (Metropolitan Books, NYC, 2010), page 115. Not flattering. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.166.182.254 (talk) 18:46, 10 June 2013 (UTC)

This ABC article is rich with information:

http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/nigeria-breakaway-biafra-leader-ojukwu-dies-78-15031828#.TtEQXnP-q8Y

The link below is also rich with information.

http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ii-r7W7wWxVyhYeNKf1MFpN9e1mg?docId=03edaba98c124d6a8b221e496e63a494

The article should be edited for:

1) Better/credible sources; 2) Grammar (structure, tenses etc); 3) Point of view; and 4) Overal structure. Akinsope (talk) 16:18, 26 November 2011 (UTC)

This article all carries too many personal sentiments. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Nuges01 (talk • contribs) 21:42, 20 January 2012 (UTC)

died resource
Odumegwu Ojukwu, Breakaway Biafra Leader, Dies at 78. By Robert D. McFadden, published November 26, 2011 New York Times. 141.218.36.43 (talk) 23:50, 27 November 2011 (UTC)

Neutrality
The article is heavily slanted towards Ojukwu, sometimes reading as a pamphlet ("Who are the patriots?"). Needs a more balanced and neutral tone.--2.101.145.87 (talk) 08:42, 14 August 2012 (UTC)

Sustaining the Biafran war
This passage is incoherent and at times almost absurd. What is this about Biafra's development of a "superweapon" and almost reaching the space age? Ridiculous... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.79.72.139 (talk) 10:55, 24 November 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120203011628/http://www.blackacademypress.com:80/articles/25-biographies-a-memoirs/23-monument-emeka-ojukwu to http://www.blackacademypress.com/articles/25-biographies-a-memoirs/23-monument-emeka-ojukwu

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Vandalism by Kunkuru
please cease further violations of Wikipedia policies, you are mandated, just like every other editor to make proper use of your edit summary citing WP:ES you saw it feat to revert an article to its older undeveloped form which is without adequate citations and you gave a one worded reply as your reason?? How could you do such? please further of such violations would earn you a ban. Do behave and abide by Wikipedia polices. Thank you for your cooperation. Celestina007 (talk) 02:48, 14 March 2017 (UTC)

Unfair accusation of vandalism by Celestina007 concerning her questionable updates
I think it is unfair to call my reversal of your problematic updates as vandalism. If you go through the history of the page, I've contributed to ensuring that the article is neutral and properly cited. I'm aware of the King's College incident having been an alumnus of the school myself however we need a verifiable and credible source to be referenced. Additionally, the New York Times and Guardian articles you provided as references NEVER mention the clash between Ojukwu and the British colonial teacher. Furthermore, and even more problematic is that you cited a questionable unreliable source, codewit.com - please do further research, perhaps on Google Books or even at your local library to see whether a notable source references the King's College incident. I've been searching myself however I have not come up with anything concrete. So it is only proper to include the citation needed tag next to the King's college incident assertion in the article.

External links modified
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I have just modified 3 external links on C. Odumegwu Ojukwu. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140407094701/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/goodnight-ikemba-ojukwu/110541/ to http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/goodnight-ikemba-ojukwu/110541/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111208184344/http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/news/5768-seast-govs-shun-ojukwus-birthday.html to http://tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/news/5768-seast-govs-shun-ojukwus-birthday.html

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Requested move 19 August 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. Consensus to adopt the finalized proposal of using the subject's full name. (closed by non-admin page mover) ModernDayTrilobite (talk • contribs) 14:22, 15 September 2023 (UTC)

C. Odumegwu Ojukwu → Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu – This was originally moved to "C. Odumegwu Ojukwu" in 2010, as a user was under the impression that Ojukwu's full name is not often cited. But on looking at the sources, I couldn't find any that shortened his first name to simply "C." Most seemed to use either his full name "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu" or shortened it to "Emeka Ojukwu". I looked on Google Ngrams and found that these are the two most common cases of his name, with "Emeka Ojukwu" appearing to be the most common name. As such, I propose moving this page to "Emeka Ojukwu", although I would also be in favour of the full name "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu". Grnrchst (talk) 21:47, 19 August 2023 (UTC) — Relisting. —usernamekiran (talk) 21:34, 29 August 2023 (UTC)

 * If you revisit Google Ngrams you will find that the most common usage of his name is actually "Odumegwu Ojukwu" as evident by how he is mentioned by Encyclopedia Brittanica and The Washington Post. Since sources such as The Guardian still occasionally refer to him as "Chukwuemeka", I support leaving the article titled unchanged. Helioz9 (talk) 17:15, 20 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Do you oppose changing it to "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu" as well? Because all of the sources you cited refer to him by that name. I can't find many sources at all that shorten his first name to "C.", so I still don't understand the argument for retaining the current title. -- Grnrchst (talk) 17:28, 20 August 2023 (UTC)

 * Oppose : "Emeka Ojukwu" is very far from his common name. I almost thought it was another person when I saw the notification. "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu" is what I will propose. Just to add that his son goes by Emeka Ojukwu, and both are really common names. HandsomeBoy (talk) 09:36, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * As per above, I also support moving to "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu". --Grnrchst (talk) 20:49, 7 September 2023 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Comment: Per HandsomeBoy's comments, I've changed the proposed move to revert back to the full name "Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu". This appears to be the common name used across sources and sufficiently disambiguated from others, unlike "Emekea Ojukwu", which is potentially more ambiguous. In my opinion, this article never should have been moved to "C. Odumegwu Ojukwu" in the first place. --Grnrchst (talk) 12:05, 10 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Comment: This is better at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu as per common name. C Odumegwu Ojukwu and Emeka Ojukwu is very ridiculous. --Vanderwaalforces (talk) 18:14, 11 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Moved to Support based on current proposal.HandsomeBoy (talk) 21:21, 12 September 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu


text:
Monbetsu Airport

Monbetsu Airport (紋別空港) or Okhotsk Monbetsu Airport (オホーツク紋別空港), is a third class airport located 3.8 NM southeast of Monbetsu, a city on the Sea of Okhotsk in Hokkaidō, Japan. The airport is 15 minutes from the city center and accessible by bus from the Monbetsu Bus Terminal.

History
MBE is the newest airport in Hokkaidō: it opened in November 1999. The airport was originally used for general aviation flights. Flights were transferred from the original Monbetsu Airport, which was located further from the city. Air Nippon inaugurated daily service to New Chitose Airport outside Sapporo that year, and added flights to Tokyo International Airport in 2000. The Sapporo service was moved to Okadama Airport in 2001 and discontinued entirely in 2003. For a short period between July and November 2011, Hokkaido Air System offered one daily service to Okadama Airport.

In fiscal year 2008, Monbetsu Airport recorded an operating loss of 273 million yen on total revenues (chiefly landing fees received from ANA) of only 26 million yen, making its operating losses the highest among the six airports operated by the Hokkaido government. In 2011, the Hokkaido government announced that landing fees would be waived for international charter flights using the airport in an attempt to lure more overseas tourists to the region.

In the winter of 2013, ANA again started services to Sapporo, flying a daily 737-700 flight to New Chitose Airport.

Airlines and destinations
The airport has a two-story, 1,993 m2 terminal building which is open daily from 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

title: Monbetsu Airport


text:
Tammachi Station

Tammachi Station (反町駅) is a passenger railway station located in Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company Tokyu Corporation.

Lines
Tammachi Station is served by the Tōkyū Tōyoko Line from Shibuya in Tokyo to Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture. It is 23.2 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Shibuya.

Station layout
The station consists of a single island platform serving two tracks, located four stories underground from the station building.

History
Tammachi Station was opened on February 14, 1926. It was rebuilt on January 31, 2006, as an underground station. The new station building opened on March 28, 2008.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 13,562 passengers daily.

The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.

Surrounding area

 * Japan National Route 1
 * Kanagawa Station (5-minute walk)
 * Higashi-Kanagawa Station (15 minutes on foot)
 * Mitsuzawa-shimocho Station (10 minutes on foot)
 * Kanagawa Ward Office

title: Tammachi Station


text:
Multisport race

A multisport competition is a family of athletic competitions in which athletes race in a continuous series of stages or "legs", and rapidly switch from one athletic discipline to another in order to achieve the best overall time. Most multisport events are endurance races, consisting of aerobic activities such as cycling, running, kayaking and cross-country skiing.

Familiar events from the Olympic Games such as the pentathlon, heptathlon, octathlon, decathlon, and modern pentathlon are not usually considered to fall in this category, because their individual components are not held back-to-back.

Standard multisport events
The world of multisport competitions has grown from the older and more traditional triathlon and duathlon competitions, and today includes a large number of variations. There is quite a bit of variation in the naming of these events; the more common and most standardized names are listed here.

Adventure racing includes races which comprise a number of different stages of different types. In many adventure races, the competitors do not know some or all of the stages before the race, and must handle unexpected challenges. A team normally consists of 4 people, with at least 1 female. All team members must stay together at all times.

Related events
Biathlon, which consists of alternating stages of cross-country skiing and shooting, is often confused with duathlon because of the similarity in names. Some consider biathlon to be a form of multisport event, while others exclude it from the category because the athlete's score includes shooting accuracy in addition to total race time.

Coast to Coast is a multisport race held in New Zealand's South Island. Starting at Kumara Beach on the Tasman Sea and finishing at Sumner Beach on the Pacific Ocean, the 243 km race involves a 3 km run, a 55 km cycle, a 33 km mountain run, a 15 km cycle, a 67 km kayak, and a 70 km cycle. The Longest Day is considered the World Champion for this type of non-standard multisport race.

There are also three military multisports, mainly participated in by militaries at the World Military Games and world championships: aeronautical pentathlon, military pentathlon, and naval pentathlon.

title: Multisport race


text:
Cabot Head

Cabot Head is a point of land on the northeast tip of the Bruce Peninsula in the Canadian province of Ontario. The Bruce Peninsula separates Georgian Bay from the rest of Lake Huron. Cabot Head is so named in honor of the explorer John Cabot, although Cabot never explored the Great Lakes. The name of the area was bestowed by John Graves Simcoe (1752-1806).

Cabot Head Lighthouse sits 80 feet above the waterline of Georgian Bay. Originally built in 1896, the lighthouse is located on the eastern shore of Wingfield Basin Provincial Nature Reserve, marking a popular inlet for pleasure craft during harsh weather In 1968 the original tower and range light were demolished and replaced with an automated light. Over the next 15 years, The Friends of Cabot Head Lighthouse Organization restored the lighthouse. Today it serves as a museum, and tourists are encouraged to explore the paths throughout the surrounding Nature Reserve.

title: Cabot Head


text:
Orders of battle for Downfall

Operation Downfall was the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of the Japanese home islands near the end of World War II.

The operation had two parts, Operation Olympic, intended to capture the southern third of the southernmost main Japanese island, Kyūshū, and Operation Coronet, the planned invasion of the Kantō Plain, near Tokyo, on the main Japanese island of Honshu. Olympic was scheduled for November 1945, to be followed by Coronet in early 1946.

If Downfall had taken place, it would have been the largest amphibious operation in history, surpassing D-Day. The planned operation was canceled when Japan surrendered following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet declaration of war, and the invasion of Manchuria.

Allied
 Supreme Commander, Allied Forces Pacific   General Douglas MacArthur

Ground forces
Should these four corps prove insufficient to accomplish the tasks assigned, elements earmarked for Coronet would be used to reinforce Sixth Army at the rate of three divisions per month beginning about 30 days after the initial landings.

 * US Sixth Army patch.svg  Sixth Army
 * General  Walter Krueger
 * Peripheral landings
 * 40th Infantry Division CSIB.svg 40th Infantry "Sunburst" Division (Landing on Yakushima and Koshikijima Islands)
 * 158th Inf DUI.jpeg 158th Infantry Regiment (Landing on Tanegashima)
 * US I Corps.svg I Corps (Landing at Miyazaki)
 * Major General Innis P. Swift
 * 25th Infantry Division CSIB.svg 25th Infantry "Tropic Lightning" Division
 * 33rd Infantry Division SSI.svg 33rd Infantry "Illinois" Division
 * 41st Infantry Division SSI.svg 41st Infantry "Sunsetters" Division
 * USMC V Amphib Corps.png V Amphibious Corps (Landing at Kushikino)
 * Major General Harry Schmidt, USMC
 * US 3d Marine Division SSI.svg 3rd Marine Division (Bougainville, Guam, Iwo Jima)
 * 4THMARDIV.svg 4th Marine Division (Kwajalein, Saipan/Tinian, Iwo Jima)
 * US 5th Marine Division SSI.svg 5th Marine Division (Iwo Jima)
 * US XI Corps SSI.svg XI Corps (Landing at Ariake)
 * Major General Charles P. Hall
 * 1st Cavalry Division SSI (full color).svg 1st Cavalry Division
 * Americal patch.svg Americal Division
 * 43rd Infantry Division CSIB.svg 43rd Infantry "Winged Victory" Division
 * IX Corps insignia.gif IX Corps (Reserve afloat)
 * Major General Charles W. Ryder
 * US 81st Infantry Division.png 81st Infantry "Wildcat" Division
 * 98th Infantry Division shoulder sleeve insignia.svg 98th Infantry "Iroquois" Division
 * Follow-up units:
 * 11th Airborne Division.patch.png 11th Airborne Division
 * 77th Infantry Division.patch.jpg 77th Infantry Division

Naval forces

 * Third Fleet
 * Admiral William F. Halsey
 * 20 fleet and light aircraft carriers
 * 9 battleships
 * 26 cruisers
 * 75 destroyers
 * incl. British Pacific Fleet
 * 6 fleet and light carriers
 * Fifth Fleet
 * Admiral Raymond A. Spruance
 * 36 escort carriers
 * 11 battleships
 * 26 cruisers
 * 387 destroyers and destroyer escorts
 * 394 AKA, AP, APA, APD, APH
 * 977 LSD, LSM, LST, and LSV
 * Seventh Fleet
 * Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid

Air forces

 * Far East Air Forces
 * General George C. Kenney (119,000 men) – 14 bomber groups, 10 fighter groups
 * Fifth Air Force
 * Seventh Air Force
 * Thirteenth Air Force
 * United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific
 * General Carl A. Spaatz
 * Major General Curtis E. LeMay
 * Twentieth Air Force (Lt. Gen. Nathan Twining) (77,000 men)
 * 1,000 B-29 Superfortresses
 * Eighth Air Force (Lt. Gen. Jimmy Doolittle)
 * Commonwealth forces
 * Tiger Force (detached from RAF Bomber Command):
 * 480–580 Avro Lancaster bombers (about half to be used as tankers for in-flight refuelling)
 * Australian First Tactical Air Force
 * 20 fighter/attack squadrons from the Royal Australian Air Force

Ground forces

 *  Second General Army
 * Field Marshal Shunroku Hata
 * Sixteenth Area Army
 * Lieut. General Yokoyama Isamu (600,000 men)
 * Northern Kyūshū — 56th Army
 * Lieut. General Ichiro Shichida (365,000)
 * 145th Division
 * 312th Division
 * 351st Division
 * 124th Independent Mixed Brigade
 * 57th Division (20,000 men)
 * 4th Tank Brigade
 * Southeastern Kyūshū — 57th Army
 * Lieut. General Nishihara Kanji (150,000 men)
 * Tanegashima—109th Independent Mixed Brigade (5,900 men)
 * Miyazaki—154th Division, 156th Division, 212th Division (55,000 men)
 * Ariake—86th Division, 98th Independent Mixed Brigade, 1 regiment, 3 infantry battalions (29,000 men)
 * 25th Division, 5th Tank Brigade, 6th Tank Brigade
 * Southwestern Kyūshū — 40th Army
 * Lieut. General Nakazawa Mitsuo (85,000 men)
 * 303rd Division (12,000 men) (Sendai)
 * 206th Division (Fukiage)
 * 146th Division, 125th Independent Mixed Brigade (S. Satsuma Peninsula)
 * 77th Division 1 tank regiment
 * 216th Division 4 brigades

Air forces

 * Air General Army
 * General Masakazu Kawabe
 * Sixth Air Army — Kyūshū
 * 5,000 aircraft assigned as kamikazes, 5,000 aircraft available for kamikaze service, 7,000 aircraft in need of repair
 * 100 Koryu-class midget submarines, 250 Kairyu-class midget submarines, 1,000 Kaiten manned torpedoes, 800 Shinyo suicide boats

Ground forces

 * 1st Army.svg First Army
 * General Courtney H. Hodges
 * USMC III Phib Corps Large.png III Amphibious Corps
 * US 1st Marine Division SSI.svg 1st Marine Division (Guadalcanal, Peleliu, Okinawa)
 * 2nd Mar Div;divlogo1.png 2nd Marine Division (Tarawa, Saipan, Okinawa)
 * 6th MarDiv.png 6th Marine Division (Okinawa)
 * XXIV Corps SSI.gif XXIV Corps
 * 7th Infantry division Shoulder Sleve insignia.png 7th Infantry "Bayonet" Division
 * 27th Infantry Division SSI.svg 27th Infantry "New York" Division
 * 96th Infantry Division SSI.svg 96th Infantry "Columbia" Division
 * Eighth United States Army CSIB.svg Eighth Army
 * Lieut. General Robert L. Eichelberger
 * X Corps SSI.gif X Corps
 * 24 Infantry Division SSI.svg 24th Infantry "Taro" Division
 * 31st ID SSI.svg 31st Infantry "Dixie" Division
 * 37th Infantry Division CSIB.svg 37th Infantry "Buckeye" Division
 * US XIV Corps patch.svg XIV Corps
 * 6th Infantry Division.svg 6th Infantry "Red Star" Division
 * 32nd infantry division shoulder patch.svg 32nd Infantry "Red Arrow" Division
 * 38th Infantry Division SSI.svg 38th Infantry "Cyclone" Division
 * USA - XIII Corps.png XIII Corps (Reserve afloat)
 * 13th US Armored Division SSI.svg 13th Armored Division
 * 20th US Armored Division SSI.svg 20th Armored Division
 * United States Army Forces Pacific reserve
 * 97THID.svg 97th Infantry "Trident" Division

Thirty days after the initial assault, each army would be reinforced by a corps of 3 divisions. Five days later an airborne division and a United States Army Forces Pacific Reserve Corps of 3 divisions would be made available. Strategic reserve for the entire operation would consist of a corps of 3 divisions located in the Philippines and divisions from the United States to permit reinforcement at the rate of 4 per month.

Unsourced listing of the aforementioned reinforcements

 * For First Army
 * Unnamed follow-on corps
 * US 5th Infantry Division.svg 5th Infantry Division
 * 44 INF DIV SSI.svg 44th Infantry Division
 * 86 Inf Div SSI.jpg 86th Infantry Division
 * For Eighth Army
 * Unnamed follow-on corps
 * Insignia USA Army 4th Infantry Division SSI.svg 4th Infantry Division
 * 8th Infantry Division patch.svg 8th Infantry Division
 * US_87th_Infantry_Division_2.png 87th Infantry Division
 * United States Army Forces Pacific reserve
 * 11th Airborne Division.patch.png 11th Airborne Division
 * Unnamed follow-on corps
 * 2nd Infantry Division SSI (full color).svg 2nd Infantry Division
 * 28th Infantry Division SSI (1918-2015).svg 28th Infantry Division
 * 35th Infantry Division SSI.svg 35th Infantry Division
 * Strategic reserve
 * US 91st Infantry Division.svg 91st Infantry Division
 * 95TrainingDivSSI.jpg 95th Infantry Division
 * 104TrngDivLdrTrngSSI.svg 104th Infantry Division
 * British Commonwealth Ground Forces
 * Commonwealth Corps (Lt. Gen. Charles Keightley)
 * British 3rd Infantry Division2.svg 3rd Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
 * 6 Canadian Infantry Division patch.svg 6th Infantry Division (Canada)
 * 10th Div 2nd AIF.png 10th Infantry Division (Australia)

Japan
All Japanese formations on Honshu were badly understrength and lacking in equipment. The American First Army's landings would likely have been opposed by the Japanese 52nd Army and the Eighth Army's landings by the Japanese 53rd Army.
 * First General Army
 * Field Marshal Hajime Sugiyama
 * Twelfth Area Army
 * General Shizuichi Tanaka
 * 36th Army – Urawa, Saitama
 * 81st Division
 * 93rd Division
 * 201st Division
 * 202nd Division
 * 206th Division
 * 214th Division
 * 1st Tank Division
 * 4th Tank Division
 * 51st Army – Tsuchiura, Ibaraki
 * 44th Division – Ogawa
 * 151st Division – Mito
 * 221st Division – Kashima
 * 115th Independent Mixed Brigade – Shibasaki
 * 116th Independent Mixed Brigade – Hokota
 * 7th Independent Armored Brigade – Ogawa
 * 52nd Army – Sakura, Chiba
 * 3rd Imperial Guards Division – Naruto
 * 147th Division – Mobara
 * 152nd Division – Choshi
 * 234th Division – Sōsa
 * 3rd Independent Armored Brigade
 * 8th Artillery Headquarters
 * 53rd Army – Isehara, Kanagawa
 * 84th Division – Odarawa
 * 140th Division – Kamakura
 * 316th Division – Isehara
 * 117th Independent Mixed Brigade – Numazu
 * 2nd Independent Armored Brigade – Tsudanuma
 * 11th Artillery Headquarters – Hiratsuka
 * Tokyo Bay Garrison – Choshi, Chiba
 * 321st Division – Tokyoa

title: Orders of battle for Downfall


text:
MRLS

MRLS may refer to:

 * Mare reproductive loss syndrome, an ailment in horse
 * Mountain Regional Library System, a public library system in Georgia, U.S.

title: MRLS


text:
Charles Vance Millar

Charles Vance Millar (June 28, 1854 – October 31, 1926) was a Canadian lawyer and financier. He was the president and part-owner of the Toronto brewery of O'Keefe Brewery. He also owned racehorses, including the 1915 King's Plate–winning horse Tartarean. However, he is now best known for his unusual will which touched off the Great Stork Derby.

Early years
Charles Millar was born in Aylmer, Canada West, the only child of farmers Simon and Sarah Millar. Millar attended the University of Toronto and graduated with an average of 98% in all his subjects. He chose to study law, passed the bar examination at Osgoode Hall in 1884 and opened up his own law office in Toronto.

The BC Express Company and the Millar Addition
In 1897, Millar purchased the BC Express Company from Stephen Tingley and took over the government mail delivery contracts for the Cariboo region in British Columbia.

When it was announced that the construction of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway would go through Fort George (later named Prince George) Millar expanded the company's services to Fort George and built two sternwheelers, the BX and the BC Express. Millar also foresaw that Fort George would become a major centre in Northern British Columbia and he made arrangements to purchase the First Nations reserve at Fort George. However, the railway was already planning to purchase the property and they convinced the Department of Indian Affairs to cancel their negotiations with Millar. When Millar took the railway to court, the railway agreed to sell him 200 acre of the property, which became known as the Millar Addition.

Horse racing
Millar owned racehorses, including the 1915 King's Plate-winning horse Tartarean. At the time of his death, he owned seven horses, including Troutlet, which went on to win the 1927 King's Plate, under different ownership. By then the executors of his Millar estate had sold his horses including Troutlet. In the 1910s, Millar had planned to build a racetrack in Kingston, Jamaica, where he holidayed, but abandoned the idea. In 1912, he had made arrangements with the builder of the Belmont Park racetrack, C. W. Leavitt to design the track. Millar was an investor in Kenilworth Park Racetrack, built just outside Windsor, Ontario, in 1916.

Death
Millar died in his law office in the Crown Life Building at Yonge and Colborne Streets on October 31, 1926, of a stroke. He was discussing a case with Charles Kemp, a law associate, when he collapsed. Millar died before a doctor could arrive. Millar was buried in the family plot in Aylmer. He had not married and had no descendants and his parents had both predeceased him. His funeral was held at his home on 75 Scarborough Road in the Beaches district of Toronto, attended by many other members of the legal profession. When his executors filed his will for probate, Millar's estate was estimated to be worth.

His death coincided with the disappearance of several books of accounting of O'Keefe Brewery. At the time the government of Canada contended that O'Keefe was $175,000 in arrears on sales taxes. The claim had been made to O'Keefe earlier in October 1926. The Royal Customs Commission held an inquiry in March 1937 and evidence was given that Millar had sent for the books to be delivered to his office. However, a search of his office, home and the company did not turn up the books, according to his associate Charles Kemp. O'Keefe was suspended from brewing "strong beer" during the dispute, until it provided the books to the commission. O'Keefe offered a reward for the return of the books and continued with its other activities. In May 1927, O'Keefe appealed for a reinstatement of its licence. F. H. Phippen, the president of the company testified that Millar, the president of O'Keefe in October 1926, did not want to give up the books to the commission and proposed an injunction. Phippen was in favour of giving up the books to the commission. Phippen described Millar as "a lawyer and an honourable man", and that he had only thought that Millar had put them away for safekeeping.

Character
Though highly successful in the law and in his investments, Millar was known for his love of jokes and pranks which played on people's greed. One favourite was to leave money on a sidewalk and watch from a hiding place as passers-by furtively pocketed it. As a law student, Millar was jilted once by a girl of a prominent family and never had a serious relationship again. Millar was known to sleep on the veranda outside his house in all weather, to "keep himself hard". In life, he was never known to have given to any charity. The only club Millar was a member of was the Royal Canadian Yacht Club.

Abe Orpen, when informed about his mention in Millar's will, discussed his working relationship with Millar over many transactions. According to Orpen, the two always made verbal agreements, never on paper. Orpen distrusted Millar, who would always look for some loophole in a contract, though never broke his word.

Will
Millar's final prank was his will, which says in part:

This Will is necessarily uncommon and capricious because I have no dependents or near relations and no duty rests upon me to leave any property at my death and what I do leave is proof of my folly in gathering and retaining more than I required in my lifetime.

The will had several unusual bequests:
 * Three men who were known to despise each other (T. P. Galt, KC; J. D. Montgomery and James Haverson, KC) were granted joint lifetime tenancy in Millar's vacation home in Jamaica, on condition that they live in the property together.
 * To each practicing Protestant minister in Toronto, and every Orange Lodge in Toronto, a share of O'Keefe Brewery stock, a Catholic business, if they participated in its management and drew on its dividends.
 * Two anti-horse-racing advocates (Hon. William Raney, Reverend Samuel Chown) and a man who detested the Ontario Jockey Club (Abe Orpen) were to receive a share of Ontario Jockey Club stock, provided they are shareholders in three years. Raney's and Chown's share were eventually given to charity and Orpen accepted his share.
 * Each duly ordained Christian minister in Walkerville, Sandwich, and Windsor, "except Spracklin, who shot a hotelkeeper" was to receive a share of the Kenilworth Park Racetrack, located just outside Windsor, Ontario.

The home in Kingston, Jamaica, had already been sold by Millar. It was not in his estate when it was submitted for probate.

The bequest to the Protestant ministers of O'Keefe stock was a problem to resolve. The corporate structure of O'Keefe was such that Millar's share of the company was not in shares, but in a share of a holding company that controlled O'Keefe. He only had one actual share in the O'Keefe Brewery Ltd. The 99 ministers and the 103 Orange Lodges who accepted the bequest, did so upon the sale of O'Keefe in 1928 for $1.35 million, in an agreement with the executors. The legatees each received $56.38.

In October 1928, five pastors in Windsor claimed the bequest of the Kenilworth shares. The value of the shares was hard to judge, as the stock did not trade publicly. One estimation was that they were worth less than one cent each. The racetrack would close within a decade.

The Great Stork Derby
The tenth and final clause of his will was the largest. It required that the balance of Millar's estate was to be converted to cash ten years after his death and given to the Toronto woman who gave birth to the most children in that time. In the event of a tie, the bequest would be divided equally. The resulting contest became known as the Great Stork Derby.

The Supreme Court of Canada validated the will; Millar had prepared it with care. The will survived ten years of litigation, including attempts by Millar's distant relatives to have it declared invalid, and the Derby continued uninterrupted. Because of Millar's long-term investments, particularly one of land adjacent to the Detroit–Windsor Tunnel that turned a $2 investment into over $100,000, his estate increased drastically during the ten years, and was worth $568,106 when it was finally liquidated. Its value was enhanced as it accumulated during a deflationary economic period.

Most of this prize was shared by four Toronto women who each had nine children, receiving $110,000 each, although three of the four had to pay back to the City of Toronto relief money they had collected. The estate also paid $12,500 each to two women with dubious claims to a share in the prize so as to end litigation.

The contest inspired a Canadian made-for-television movie, The Stork Derby, which starred Megan Follows.

It was speculated that Millar prepared this clause in his will to discourage indiscriminate births and discredit prohibitions against birth control.

title: Charles Vance Millar


text:
M230 chain gun

The M230 Cannon is a 30 mm (30×113 mm), single-barrel electrically-driven autocannon, using external electrical power (as opposed to recoil or expanding gas generated by the firing cartridge) to cycle the weapon between shots. It was designed and manufactured originally by Hughes Helicopters in Culver City, California. , it is produced by Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.

Development
In 1972, Hughes Helicopters began a company-funded research effort to design a machine gun to fire the U.S. Army's M50 20 mm round. By April 1973, the program had fired test rounds of more powerful 30 mm WECOM linked ammunition, from a prototype (A model). In January 1975, a model C was added, a linkless version for the proposed Advanced Attack Helicopter YAH-64; the helicopter was eventually adopted as the AH-64 Apache, with the model C as standard armament. The linked ammunition version was intended for use on the AH-1S Cobra as the M230E1, but was later dropped.

Apache and DAP mounts
The M230 Chain Gun is used on the MH-60L Direct Action Penetrator. It is also the Area Weapon System on the Boeing AH-64 Apache attack helicopter, mounted on the chin turret. It uses a 2 hp electric motor to fire 30 mm linkless ammunition at a rate of 625±25 rounds per minute. The air-cooled gun's practical rate of fire is about 300 rounds per minute with a 10-minute cooling period. The gun has a positive cook-off safety for open bolt clearing, and double ram prevention. Spent casings are ejected overboard through the bottom of the gun.

The mount on the AH-64 uses secondary hydraulics to move the gun. The elevation is provided via a single hydraulic actuator on the gun's centerline just forward of the pivot point. The gun is spring-loaded to return to its centerline stowed position with the barrel angled up about 11 degrees if hydraulic power is lost. This allows the gun, which is mounted below the copilot station, to collapse into a space between the pilots' stations in a hard landing.

The Apache can carry up to 1,200 rounds for the gun in a device known as the 12-PAK, designed and manufactured by Meggitt Defense Systems, Inc. However, U.S. Army Apaches can carry only 300 because they also have a special internal fuel tank, the Robertson IAFS (known as the "Robby Tank" to the crews). Ammunition is loaded into the Apache by armament personnel using specialized ground support equipment: an aircraft-mounted motorized loader and special ammunition handling tray.

The M230 can fire the 30×113mm rounds used in the ADEN cannon and DEFA cannon, although U.S. Apaches use Lightweight 30 mm rounds made with a lighter alloy than brass (ADEN) or steel (DEFA) cases. The M230 rounds cannot be fired by weapons designed for the ADEN or DEFA rounds. The Lightweight 30 mm rounds come in three varieties: the M788 rounds, which have a blue band near the nose, the M789 with a yellow stripe atop a black band, and the M799 with a red stripe atop a yellow band. The M799 HEI round is not used by the U.S. Army because of the danger of a round exploding in the gun barrel.

The M789 is the U.S. Apache's main tactical round, a High Explosive Dual Purpose (HEDP) ammunition cartridge. Each round contains 21.5 g of explosive charge sealed in a shaped-charge liner. The liner collapses into an armor-piercing jet of metal that can penetrate 1 in of rolled homogeneous armour at 500m. The shell is also designed to fragment upon impact, killing unprotected, standing people up to about 5 ft away under optimum conditions.

M230LF and MAWS
The M230LF, offered by Orbital ATK, is a more capable version of the Apache autocannon. Features include an anti-hangfire system, a delinking feeder that exploits linked ammunition, and an extended-length barrel, which results in greater muzzle velocity and hitting power from the same M789 HEDP and NATO standard 30 mm ADEN/DEFA projectiles. The rate of fire is reduced to 200 rounds/minute and overall length decreased to 84.0 in. The chain gun can be installed in an enclosed turret on patrol boats and ground vehicles.

The MAWS (Modular Advanced Weapon System) lightweight gun system, developed in partnership with the U.S. Navy, utilizes a remotely operated M230LF in an open mount. It is controlled by a Remote Operator's Console (ROC)—with either dual grips or a joystick—from a touch panel display and extended day color TV.

In February 2015, Oshkosh Defense and ATK conducted a firing demonstration of the M230LF on an Oshkosh M-ATV MRAP to demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of a medium caliber weapon system for light tactical vehicles. The live fire demonstration showcased improved accuracy in mobile engagements and improved lethality on the M-ATV using the gun, mounted on the Electro Optic Systems (EOS) R400S-Mk2, a 3-axis stabilized remote weapon station (RWS) weighing less than 400 kg. The addition of the 72.6 kg M230LF stabilized on the RWS provides mobile precise lethality, usually reserved for heavier combat vehicles, with increased off-road mobility and MRAP levels of protection, along with optional Stinger missiles. Oshkosh has also fitted the M230LF to the L-ATV to fulfil the U.S. Army's light reconnaissance vehicle (LRV) role.

Australian company Electro Optic Systems also utilises the M230LF for its "Slinger" defensive system. The system is planned for usage against drones by using a radar and a variety of sensors to track and destroy targets with a single shot. All together it weighs less than 400 kg (880 lb) and can be mounted on a flatbed truck, allowing for a more cost effective way of destroying drones compared to missile based systems. On October 2, 2023 it was confirmed that EOS would send an undisclosed number of Slingers to Ukraine to combat the growing drone threat.

Stryker A1 M-SHORAD
On 28 February 2018, the US Army announced that Stryker vehicles would be modified with sensors and weapons to fulfill an interim Maneuver-Short-Range Air Defense (M-SHORAD) requirement. This is in response to a capability gap identified in Europe against Russian unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In June 2018, the Army chose Leonardo DRS to supply the mission equipment package, which partnered with Moog Inc. to integrate the Reconfigurable Integrated-weapons Platform (RIwP) onto the vehicle. The system can be fitted with a Stinger pod and Longbow Hellfire missile rails and comes equipped with a 30 mm M230LF chain gun and the 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun, as well as non-kinetic defeat capabilities and a Rada onboard multimission hemispheric radar. The Army chose DRS because of the flexibility of the reconfigurable turret to allow for growth opportunities and alternate weapon options, it posed less intrusion to the existing vehicle platform, as they have a desire to keep the Stryker as common across the fleet as possible, and it provided increased protection as the crew can reload ammunition under armor. All 144 M-SHORAD systems are planned to be delivered by 2022. The turret can mount one four-shot Stinger pod or two Hellfire missiles on either side, and reloading of the M230LF and Stingers can be done through roof hatches giving partial protection. The system can act in a secondary anti-vehicle role, as the 30 mm cannon is larger than the 25 mm gun mounted on the M2 Bradley and the Hellfire has greater range than TOW missiles typically used by ground vehicles.

MADIS
In September 2020, the US Marines contracted Kongsberg to qualify the XM914 RWS on the JLTV, equipped with an XM914E1 30 mm cannon, 7.62 mm coaxial machinegun, and Stinger missiles to fulfill an air defense role. The Marine Air Defense Integrated System (MADIS) fills the gap left by the retirement of the AN/TWQ-1 Avenger by the USMC in the mid-2000s. It consists of two JLTVs, one with the turret fitted with a 30 mm cannon, 4-round Stinger pod, and an optical sensor and the other with an RPS-42 360-degree radar, 7.62 mm M134 minigun, and EO/IR sensors; both have the Modi II dismounted electronic countermeasures system and shoulder-fired Stingers. The indefinite delivery / indefinite quantity (IDIQ) contract was signed in October 2021.

Agnostic Gun Truck
On 4 April 2023, the United States included "counter-Unmanned Aerial System 30 mm gun trucks" as part of Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative funds during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The Northrop Grumman Agnostic Gun Truck consists of an M230LF mounted on a civilian pickup truck. Three battery sets each including three gun trucks and one Mobile Acquisition, Cueing and Effector (M-ACE) system will be delivered; M-ACE incorporates a mast-mounted 3D radar that can detect a drone out to 10 km as well as tracking and identification cameras. The radar cues the guns onto a target, which fires M1211 High Explosive Proximity Self Destruct rounds capable of engaging UAS up to Class 2. The AGT was meant to be delivered within 30 to 90 days of the contract award, however by early August delays in the procurement process had prevented the full complement of trucks from being built. They were to be sent "very shortly" by October 2023.

Aircraft use

 * Boeing AH-64 Apache
 * AgustaWestland Apache
 * Sikorsky MH-60L/M Direct Action Penetrator (DAP)
 * CASA/IPTN CN-235

title: M230 chain gun


text:
USS Nantucket (1862)

The first USS Nantucket was a Passaic-class monitor coastal monitor in the United States Navy.

Nantucket was launched 6 December 1862 by Atlantic Iron Works, Boston, Massachusetts; and commissioned 26 February 1863, Commander Donald McNeil Fairfax in command.

Assigned to the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, Nantucket participated in the attack on Confederate forts in Charleston Harbor 7 April 1863. Struck 51 times during the valiant but unsuccessful assault on the vital Southern port, the single-turreted monitor was repaired at Port Royal but returned to Charleston to support Army operations on Morris Island, engaging Fort Wagner 16, 17, 18, and 24 July. She captured British steamer Jupiter at sea 15 September. She again challenged the Charleston Harbor forts 14 May 1864 and thereafter remained on blockade duty through the end of the American Civil War.

Decommissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard 24 June 1865, she remained in ordinary there for a decade. Renamed Medusa 15 June 1869, she resumed the name Nantucket 10 August 1869. Transferred to Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine, in 1875, Nantucket twice briefly recommissioned 29 July to 12 December 1882 and 16 June to 6 October 1884, and operated along the northern east coast. She lay in ordinary at New York until turned over to the North Carolina Naval Militia in 1895. During the Spanish–American War, Nantucket was stationed at Port Royal, South Carolina.

After being condemned as unfit for further service, Nantucket was sold at auction in Washington, D.C., on 14 November 1900. A total of five bids were received for the vessel, with the winning bid of $13,111 lodged by Thomas Butler & Co. of Boston. The auction is said to have attracted considerable public interest, due to the vessel's historic nature.

title: USS Nantucket (1862)


text:
Gordon Wilson (British Columbia politician)

Gordon Wilson (born 2 January 1949) is a former provincial politician in British Columbia, Canada. He served as leader of the Liberal Party of BC from 1987–1993, leader and founder of the Progressive Democratic Alliance from 1993–1999, before joining the NDP where he served in the provincial cabinet. He also ran as a candidate in the 2000 BC New Democratic Party leadership race. During the 2013 British Columbia provincial election, Wilson endorsed Liberal Premier Christy Clark for re-election over the NDP's Adrian Dix.

Background
Wilson was born in Vancouver, spent his early years in Kenya and returned to British Columbia in the 1970s. He has a BSc from the State University of New York at New Paltz, and a master's degree from the University of British Columbia in resource economics.

He raised two children with his wife Elizabeth in the Middlepoint area of BC's Sunshine Coast, dabbling in pig farming before teaching resource economics and economic geography at Capilano College (North Vancouver), where he also served as president of the faculty association.

Political career
After an unsuccessful campaign to be elected to the BC Legislature in the 1986 provincial election, in 1987, Wilson took over as leader of the BC Liberal Party, which had not elected a member in over a decade. He was defeated in a 1989 provincial byelection. In the 1991 general election, Wilson's profile skyrocketed after his highly successful performance in the campaign's televised leaders debate. During a nasty squabble between BC Socred leader and Premier Rita Johnston and BC NDP leader Mike Harcourt, Wilson famously said, "Here's a classic example of why nothing ever gets done in the province of British Columbia." It would become the campaign's most successful sound bite.

As a consequence, he led the Liberal Party to win 17 seats, its highest total since 1949. He was largely helped by moderate Socreds crossing over to vote Liberal. The Liberals vaulted from no seats to the Official Opposition in the legislature, relegating the ruling Social Credit Party to a distant third with seven seats. Wilson won his own seat in Powell River-Sunshine Coast.

In 1993, Wilson's leadership of the Liberals was challenged after it came to light that he was having an extramarital affair with fellow Liberal MLA Judi Tyabji, whom he had recently named as the party's House Leader. In a Liberal Party leadership review that had been called soon afterward, Wilson was defeated by Vancouver mayor Gordon Campbell. Within weeks, he and Tyabji left the Liberal caucus and formed a new party, the Progressive Democratic Alliance (PDA).

In the 1996 provincial election, Wilson retained his seat, while Tyabji, whom he later married, lost hers.

In 1999, Wilson shocked many in his party when he disbanded it and crossed the floor to join the governing NDP. As part of the deal, he joined Premier Glen Clark's cabinet as Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Minister Responsible for BC Ferries. He was later appointed Minister of Finance and Corporate Relations after the resignation of Joy MacPhail, and then Minister of Education. He later served as Minister of Employment and Investment and as Minister of Forests.

He ran for the NDP's party leadership at a convention in February 2000, but pulled out of the race shortly before the voting began. He threw his support to candidate Corky Evans, who in turn lost to Ujjal Dosanjh. In the 2001 provincial election, he lost his seat to BC Liberal candidate Harold Long, previously a Social Credit MLA whom Wilson had defeated in 1991 when running for the BC Liberals.

After endorsing the BC Liberals in the 2013 provincial election, Premier Christy Clark appointed Wilson to a position titled LNG – Buy BC Advocate to promote for the development of an LNG industry in the province. The position was ended by the newly inaugurated NDP/Green government on 1 August 2017, a position for which he had been paid $150,000 per annum since 2013. In response to the public comments made following the termination Wilson launched a libel lawsuit, seeking $5 million in damages, against Premier John Horgan and Minister Bruce Ralston who implied he had not sufficiently provided report or briefing of his work, as well as federal Member of Parliament Rachel Blaney who questioned the value of the work relative to the salary in a Facebook post. Wilson later expanded the lawsuit to also name the CBC, radio station CKNW, and newspapers The Globe and Mail, The Vancouver Sun and Times Colonist who had all reported on the termination and subsequent comments. In June 2019, the case judge dismissed the portions claimed to have been lost acting as a future consultant or advocate for government or LNG-related organizations but permitted the case to be further considered to examine loss of income from the LNG – Buy BC Advocate position and costs of counselling.

Other work
He has written A Civilized Revolution (1994) about his views on politics and public policy, and wrote, directed and produced Serving Thyme, a television comedy based on the west coast. After leaving politics, Wilson settled back in Powell River, and became chairman of the board of a software company. He is chairman of Blackberry Coast Capital Inc.


text:
Talk:Dead Like Me

Hill Street Blues
Anyone else think it is worth mentioning the fact that in S2:E1 there is a clear reference to Hill Street Blues with a "lets be careful out there" from the dispatcher of the meter maids, followed by them all driving off to the theme tune of the show. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.147.65.92 (talk) 01:46, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

Crystal
Not even one mention that Crystal Smith is an ex Special Forces agent? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 125.238.96.210 (talk) 03:44, 20 September 2007 (UTC)
 * See here. Stormin' Foreman 04:45, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

Gravelings = Keres (mythology)?
It would make sense.. What are you think? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.37.241.49 (talk) 09:04, 31 October 2012 (UTC)

 * This conclusion is two steps ahead of 'gravelings~gremlins' and 'toad~Todd (from 'Apt Pupil')' 2A0A:A549:279F:0:AD48:AEE7:2328:1F6 (talk) 00:42, 16 January 2024 (UTC)

GA nomination
After reviewing the article, I have decided to fail the GA nomination for the following reasons: Overall it is a decent article, but still needs some work to reach GA status. If you have any questions feel free to ask here or on my talk Page. Good luck. Drewcifer3000 08:34, 29 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Many of the images lack either a Fair Use Rationale and/or fail to cite their source. Additionally, some of the Fair Use rationales that are given are not sufficient (like the gravelings images).  Consider using Template:Non-free media rationale or at least address those points in text/bullet points of your own.
 * Fair-Use images are not allowed in galleries or lists, so the DVD releases sections will have to be revised a bit. (see Non-free content for more information)
 * The article should be referenced more thoroughly. For instance the Gravelings section has no references at all. Ideally every new thought should have a citation. So, this would at least entail a reference per paragraph.
 * The formating of the references is inconsistent. My suggestion would be to use citation templates, though this is not required of a GA article.  (The good thing about using the citation templates, is that it makes it really easy to cite in-universe facts/plot points using the  template)  As an examples I've stumbled upon recently, check out the references section in Final Fantasy VIII article.  I know it's a video game and this is a tv show, but I think it would serve as a good example of reference style, since it does a good job of quoting the characters themselves as sources of in-universe information.
 * The article is almost completely in-universe. That is to say, except for a brief mention of the show's inspiration and creators in the intro and a section about the movie, there is no information about the television series, only the characters, concepts, and ideas within the fictional world.  What about the creators?  Writers?  Ratings?  Awards? etc.
 * The Cast and characters section is a bit bloated. There is already a link to the List of Dead Like Me characters page, so there is no reason to include 3/4 of that page on this one.  Stick to the primary characters and let the main article link do the rest.
 * The Reapers sections is also a bit bloated. It isn't neccessary to go into every little detail.  I'd recommend reducing it to the size of the Gravelings section, but that's just my recommendation.
 * The Gravelings section also seems a wee bit too big. What might help alleviate this problem at least a little bit (and the one above) is to use the  template (as mentioned in the 4th bullet point down).  That would allow you to take out all the instances of "In the episode "Blah Blah" we learn this..."
 * The introduction does not effectively summarize the article. Readers should read the into to gain a quick synopsis of the article: points which are then expounded upon below.  Conversely, the intro brings up topics which the rest of the article does not address (such as departure of Bryan Fuller).
 * Speaking of Bryan Fuller, it sounds like there was some drama there, so let's hear more about. I'm curious about that most of all.
 * I think the DVD releases section could be included in the Episodes section. (After the images are taken out, of course)
 * As for the prose style of the article, it's decent, though a bit wordy and overly detailed. However it is very clear and easy to understand, so kudos there.
 * Thanks for reviewing the article (good job!) I personally did not believe it to be ready yet either. Eventually it would be nice to get this article (of a brilliant television series) to GA. :) Matthew 08:53, 29 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I'll take on these tasks and see what I can do. Once again, thanks for the review. Stormin' Foreman 08:58, 29 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Happy to help you guys. If you need anything let me know. Drewcifer3000 09:07, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

New nomination
In one week (August 25) I am going to renominate this article for GA status... Any objections? Stormin' Foreman 13:19, 19 August 2007 (UTC)
 * None at all. Although you should un-strike the bullet points from the previous GA review I gave, so that whoever reviews the article next can see my comments.  Instead, you can say in your nomination that you feel that you've fixed the issues raised in a previous review, or something like that.  Good luck! Drewcifer3000 17:13, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Sci Fi Channel
Why is there no mention of the series "second run" on the Sci Fi Channel? I think this was significant, as the series was opened to a whole new, larger audience. Ursasapien (talk) 08:40, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I added a quick, sourced mention of the SCI FI reruns to the intro paragraph. —Adavidb 05:37, 6 September 2007 (UTC)

Unfortunately some moron removed it. 108.202.113.201 (talk) 08:46, 7 December 2011 (UTC)

Failed GA nomination
I have reviewed this article, and do not believe it to meet good article standards for the following reasons:

 * 1) There are too many interpretive claims in the article that are not backed to any source. "Delores Herbig becomes the supportive, maternal figure that George never had when alive." "it is possible that Crystal is a reaper" and "she might have some kind of implied special power or connection that is recognizable by gravelings" require more clear attributions - who thinks these things are possible? Who is making these interpretations?
 * 2) There is still too much in-universe material. The "reapers" and "gravelings" sections should be judiciously edited down, and other sections (reception, production) expanded.
 * 3) Overuse of fair use images. I see no reason why both Graveling images are necessary, and the main image illustrates nothing that is not illustrated by the cast photo, as the cast photo also has the logo.

Good luck revising the article. I look forward to reading it again. Phil Sandifer 16:08, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

Missing Actors
Who is the actress that plays "Mildred" as supposed to George. i.e. the person other people see? Shouldn't that also be added as well? Also the part on how people become reapers, and how people stop being reapers should be added as either one or two sentences. That should make it less in-universe.--204.102.211.115 19:06, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

 * While I don't believe a separate paragraph is warranted, I added a sourced sentence in the Grim reapers section about Laura Boddington's role as the character you mentioned. —Adavidb 04:18, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

GA 2 - initial comments - on hold
The article is looks smart, but I observe the following that would need fixing before GA: I'm putting the article on hold. Good luck. The JPS talk to me  17:20, 8 September 2007 (UTC)
 * It lacks a production section. There is a 'behind the scenes', but two of the subsections within that belongs in a 'Reception' section.
 * Tense in first sentence: was > is. The show still exists.
 * Article lacks a 'Reception' section. What was the critical reaction? What were the reviews like. Include negative as well as positive comments. There is a large imbalance between the writing about the plot of the show, and about real-world issues (Production, reviews). The extra features on the DVDs might provide some useful material and references.
 * Avoid short sections such as 'Direct-to-DVD film'
 * Are the bullet points in 'Cast and characters' necessary? For example, see Only Fools and Horses, which is a featured article.
 * ref tags should follow immediately from punctuation, without a space.

 * I've fixed the tense and made some other changes. On the subject of the bullet points, personally I'd prefer that they stay, primarily because I think that it makes it slightly neater. It wouldn't cause me any bother if they were removed though. Matthew 17:32, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I have been searching for other info such as production, ratings, and critic reviews ever since the first failed nomination and have been unable to find anything. I believe the main reason for this may be because the show debuted over four years ago and many of the sites with the needed information no longer exist.
 * What do you suggest about the "Direct-to-DVD film" section? We can't really remove it as it is important to the article, but we can't really expand it because the information that is known to us is in the main article.
 * I agree with Matthew. The bullet points do seem to make that section neater and easier to read. Stormin' Foreman 02:04, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

 * One option might be to put what's now in the separate "Direct-to-DVD film" section at the end of the "DVD Releases" subsection. —Adavidb 02:27, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Excellent idea. I was always iffy about both of those sections.  Also (and this is just my opinion) would it be possible to make the DVD table more horizontal rather than vertical?  Ususually, when something is released at multiple dates in multiple places, we put the earliest one.  I know it says that somewhere, I'm just not sure where.  That would help un-stack the table and make it a little bit easier to read. Drewcifer 05:15, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure how to rearrange the table, it took me forever to figure out how to remove the DVD images from the first nomination. LOL Stormin' Foreman 05:24, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
 * alright, well I'm alright with tables, I'll give it a shot. Feel free to revert it if you don't like it. Drewcifer 05:26, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, I did it, but it didn't change much. It's a little bit better though. Drewcifer 05:46, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I'd lose the subheading for such a short section. There's no harm in duplicating some content from the main article if it enhances this. I'm concerned about the lack of reviews: reliable sources should sill exist (newspaper sites, etc.)  The JPS talk to me  09:53, 9 September 2007 (UTC)

Addition to section "Grim reapers"
In the section where the grim reaper's special abilities are described, someone could add the information that grim reaper Roxy in one episode pulls the soul out of a guys body to intimidate him. During that, the guy is able to see his own body standing still in a zombie-like way while Roxy is holding his "soul body" up in the air. She then puts the soul back into the guy's body and regrets having done that. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.173.219.23 (talk) 00:03, 11 May 2008 (UTC)

That's not only valid, it's necessary. It should be added. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.247.244.120 (talk) 20:39, 15 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Thanks, this information was already added. —ADavidB 22:01, 15 October 2008 (UTC)

One more thing: In the same section, could someone add the information that Roxy, in the pilot, has the ability to reach through solid objects (in this case, a piano) in order to retrieve lost souls? Reapers have a physical body, for the most part, and though it appears that they can't normally walk through walls, the ability to reach through solid objects would likely constitute a special ability. Likewise, when Roxy is pulling the soul straight out of the guy's body, it appears that she has to reach into his body to do it, which may also constitute "reaching through solid matter for the purpose of reaping a soul". --Ayelis (talk) 21:03, 10 February 2009 (UTC)

In the Betty Rohmer section it says that Rube probably reaped Betty. The episode mentioned clearly states that Betty was the last reap for another reaper. Rube was only there to collect the soul. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.30.143.162 (talk) 03:46, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Agreed. I changed the statement to reflect the reality described in the episode. Cheers! JasonDUIUC (talk) 07:20, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

Happy Time
A Temp Agency called Happy Time was mentioned in the season 2 premiere of Bryan Fuller's new show Pushing Daisies. Anyone have any issues with adding it? WookMuff (talk) 07:11, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Der Waffel Haus was also mentioned in Pushing Daisies.68.148.123.76 (talk) 00:52, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

US or Canada?
Is this a US or Canadian show? The site lists it as a US show, but says it was made in Vancouver and set in Seattle. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.148.123.76 (talk) 08:26, 17 March 2009 (UTC)

 * It is a US show. The film location is not important. The series was made by a US production company and premiered and aired in the US. Production companies often film in Vancouver because it is cheaper to film there. kingdom2 (talk) 17:32, 17 March 2009 (UTC)

 * I'm not interested in starting an argument, but I do not agree with your statements. Bryan Fuller is American; the series was made by DLM Productions, which IMDB lists as a Canadian production company (http://www.imdb.com/company/co0100002/).  It aired in many countries, but premiered in the US and Canada on the same day (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0348913/releaseinfo#akas), while Dead Like Me: Life After Death premiered a month and a half earlier in Canada (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1079444/releaseinfo) than the US (where it was never aired, but simply released directly to DVD).  Moreover Vancouver is one of North America's most expensive cities; forth according to the Mercer serveys (after New York, Toronto, and Los Angeles), and second according to the Economist Intelligence Unit, after New York (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_cities_for_expatriate_employees).  Lower production cost could be achieved in almost any American city.  Vancouver is one of Canada's three main film production centers (along with Toronto and Monreal), which is why so many films and television programs are shot there.  I believe this should be listed as a Canadian program.68.148.123.76 (talk) 00:48, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

 * The "premieres" cited on IMDB are for the series DVD set, not original television broadcasts, which I understand were first in the U.S. (since Showtime doesn't have a Canadian audience). How about leaving out the "American" claim in the lead sentence, or replacing it with "North American" if necessary? It's clear people from both the U.S. and Canada collaborated in producing the series. —ADavidB 08:09, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

 * What determines the nationality of a series is where it aired its episodes premiere, and upon looking it up more thoroughly, it seems like this show should be classified as "United States/Canada". It appears that each episode premiered in both countries simultaneously. This is also how IMBD classifies this show. "North American" and "American" are horrible ideas, because "North American" also includes Mexico and "American" includes all of North, South, and Central America (that last one is from an international viewpoint, not the egocentric, U.S. one). kingdom2 (talk) 17:57, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Agreed, if one feels a need to identify nations rather than a continent, then North American won't work. IMDB is not necessarily a reliable source, though as pointed out above, it's the series DVD set that was released simultaneously in the U.S. and Canada, not the original (Showtime) airings. Using your "where it aired its episode premieres" definition, Dead Like Me is a U.S. series. Showtime does not broadcast in Canada. —ADavidB 01:17, 27 March 2009 (UTC)

 * I'm confused. Those release dates that are in the link that you say are for the DVD box set are verified as being for the individual episodes by both the Dead Like Me lede, the List of Dead Like Me episodes, and the list of episodes on IMBD. I think either you are mistaken or there is was a very large screw-up (which, I admit, is possible). While I don't doubt that Showtime doesn't air in Canada, that doesn't mean that Dead Like Me did not air on a different network, possibly some other Viacom affiliate. kingdom2 (talk) 18:28, 27 March 2009 (UTC)

 * The IMDB date is for the date the episode premiered on broadcase TV in the US and on the same day the first season was released on DVD in Canada? Does that seem logical to anyone?  The show was broadcase in Canada on Showcase, which works in partnership with Showtime.  As for the 'shot in Vancouver and set in Seattle' thing, I would like to compare this to the series Highlander (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highlander_(series) ); shot in Vancouver and Paris, but set in Seattle and Paris.  It is listed as a Canadian/French program, because it was made in these two countries.68.148.123.76 (talk) 07:28, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

 * I've yet to see any verification that the series was broadcast in Canada the same days it premiered in the U.S. It seems it aired on Showcase after The Movie Network. Though the names are similar, I don't believe Showtime and Showcase are formal partners. Regarding differences, Showtime is a U.S. company. Does anyone have a problem with listing it as a United States/Canada series? —ADavidB 13:00, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

 * No. kingdom2 (talk) 17:11, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

The Simpsons is drawn by Rough Draft Studios which uses Korean animators, does it make the Simpsons a Korean show as well? just saying Mopenstein (talk) 14:55, 29 July 2009 (UTC)

Is to Was
It was a television show, not is. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.190.38.84 (talk) 10:42, 16 November 2009 (UTC)

 * It's still a television show, viewable via reruns and DVD recordings. —ADavidB 11:04, 16 November 2009 (UTC)

 * And my grandma is still viewable through pictures and recordings, but is no longer alive. Same goes with Elvis. --72.190.38.84 (talk) 08:29, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

 * See WP:TENSE, which applies to works of fiction. —ADavidB 15:09, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

Anti-Semitic Reference
I appear to be the only person to have picked up on this, but I wish to draw attention to it by existing editors rather than adding it in myself; during the vet scene the substance the vet draws into the syringe is called "Sleepklon-B" with subtext stating it's "Euthanasia Solution", this is starkly close to 'Zyklon-B' part of Hitler's 'Final Solution'. I uploaded a screen cap to my blog, bashpr0mpt.com, anyone want to take this one on? :/ BaSH PR0MPT (talk) 21:32, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Not really. Tenuous, and original research.   a_man_alone (talk) 18:15, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

 * You can't pull the 'original research' card on observations of a movie or show. That's absurd. The entire article would be empty because it's all original research; had I not declared the screen cap as having been my blog it'd therefore be a secondary source at least. Don't be daft, I'm asking for serious opinions here. BaSH PR0MPT (talk) 21:32, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

 * You asked for input and received some. Serious opinions don't have to be those that agree with yours. 'Original research' limitations still apply to television and film articles. If the observations you noted are published by reliable sources, and not self-published ones, by all means include and cite them; otherwise, they don't belong on Wikipedia. —ADavidB 22:04, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

Daisy's death
The article claims "She died on December 13, 1938 of asphyxiation/smoke inhalation in Marietta, Georgia, though she originally claimed this occurred on the set of Gone with the Wind." But in episode 29 "Haunted" Daisy meets someone who remembers her dying on the set. Is there any reference that she didn't? Egret (talk) 07:32, 9 April 2010 (UTC)

I had my own questions about Daisy's death; did the old guy specifically mention that he remembered her dying on the set, or did he reference a news report that he remembered of her death? It seems to be implied throughout the whole series that the nature of her death is suspect. Do you remember the episode where she witnessed that woman's strangulation and tipped off the police by writing down the murderer's name? I know she says to Mason, "Did I ever tell you I had a sister," but given her own hesitation about recounting the details of her death on the set of Gone with the Wind (and her last words, "Why has no one ever loved me?"), I think Daisy died in the same way the strangled woman died. Just speculation. --Alkah3st (talk) 20:25, 3 May 2010 (UTC)

Reapers reap ALL souls?
I suppose reading discworld books is influencing me here, but has it been stated that all souls are taken by reapers? Or do they only reap certain souls (for whatever reason)? Seem to be few reapers for lots of souls.--Cyberman TM (talk) 23:35, 17 April 2010 (UTC)

 * It's stated that there are different groups of reapers for different types of deaths (groups mentioned are: External influence, Plague, and Natural/Hospital). Reapers also confine themselves to the area around their home city. Different cities have their own reapers. Someguy1221 (talk) 06:40, 18 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the answer, but I suppose I should rephrase my question, to remove ambiguity - are all souls taken by reapers (of whatever division) or do some souls go into the afterlife "naturally"?--Cyberman TM (talk) 21:07, 18 April 2010 (UTC)
 * It's stated in two of the early episodes that souls that are not reaped remain trapped in the body until then. This seems to hold even if a body is mostly destroyed. Rube states that he once spent (I believe) half an hour looking for a piece big enough to draw the soul out of. The only known exception to this is the second season character who became a graveling after dying. Long after the fact, the graveling was itself reaped by George and simply disappeared. Someguy1221 (talk) 01:02, 19 April 2010 (UTC)

Article Mistake, or Plothole?
I noticed while reading the article, it said that Rube died in 1927, but that Betty died in 1926. How exactly would it have been possible for Rube to collect her soul immediately after her jump, if he didn't die for a year later? It was shown in the show that he did that, and just making sure there isn't an error in the article. 99.39.151.190 (talk) 15:22, 17 September 2010 (UTC)

 * It's a plot hole/continuity error. Both characters are categorically stated in the programme to have died in 1926 & 1927 respectively, although in a later episode Betty also make a comment implying she was still alive in 1927.  I suppose their deaths could have been in the same year, but when Rube greets Betty post-death he seems to be pretty confident in his role, and anyway - what do I know? —Preceding unsigned comment added by A man alone (talk • contribs) 15:45, 17 September 2010 (UTC)

Editing... this article needs it
In just a cursory glance at this article one can see it needs to be fixed. There's the bad writing style... good enough reason for a fix. But there's also missing information! Will someone (who can write) who loves this show do some work on this article? 108.202.113.201 (talk) 08:49, 7 December 2011 (UTC)

Do we know what changes were made against Fuller wishes?
Has he or anyone else disclosed how the show would've went if Fuller had his way? --TiagoTiago (talk) 10:19, 9 February 2012 (UTC)

Mythology section - Grim Reapers
The article states: "While the members of Rube's team of reapers are instructed to never reap animals, George (and Reggie) do meet a child reaper who reaps the souls of animals — suggesting that there may be a fourth division that exists for this purpose." In at least one episode, Georgia is at the veterinarian's office with Delores Herbig, who does also meet the boy. I haven't seen the entire series, so I do not know if Reggie also meets him, so I do not know if this is a case of a name being left out, or a factual error. Either way, it should probably be corrected. MXVN (talk) 12:18, 19 September 2012 (UTC)
 * Reggie not only meets Charley, but she shares hot chocolate with him. IIRC it's the episode where the school janitor dies, and kills a komodo dragon which Charley then reaps.  I suppose it may have been intended for her to have a relationship with him had the series continued, as that's the screwed up way things were heading towards the end of the show.  As such, the original statement is correct, and I don't see what you want changing?  The difference is that George knows he's a reaper, Reggie suspects he has otherworldy pretensions, but Dolores is entirely unsuspecting.  Does that help?  Chaheel Riens (talk) 14:46, 19 September 2012 (UTC)

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cat under no table
Is there a section that reviews the inside/dirty jokes? For example, I recall a dialog where one female character is called a Cat Under No Table, except they didn't use those words. I can't remember the exact words. There were all kinds of "jokes" like that and I'm looking for a list of them. I'm sure many of them went over my head. 173.23.121.3 (talk) 06:05, 9 August 2022 (UTC)
 * I doubt such a section would pass notability and/or be supported by reliable sources. Most likely it would be considered trivia and not be included.  Chaheel Riens (talk) 09:29, 9 August 2022 (UTC)

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Talk:Jeffersonville, Indiana

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Jeffersonville Schools
A couple grade schools are missing from my list (such as Bridgepoint Elementary) as I'm unsure about their status. Not listed on the GCCS website, even though I know it still exists at the moment. Anyone have a status on whether this school is closing soon or not? CivilianArthur (talk) 14:59, 8 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jeffersonville, Indiana


text:
Talk:Adenolisianthus

Untitled
While some of this page was a copyright violation, some of it was not. We should salvage what we can instead of wholesale deletion. Danny 02:18, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Nearly all of the text that was here originally was pretty clearly copied. When the original page is a wholesale copyright violation, wholesale deletion is the correct response. In order to salvage things by rewriting them, please use a temp page as the copyvio notice instructs. --Michael Snow 17:06, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Adenolisianthus


text:
Category talk:Mines

comment from 2004
I do not belive this category should exist. The Claymore "mine" is not a mine, and the depth charge is not a mine. That leaves just two articles in the category. Unless someone is proposing to write many articles on individual mines, there doesn't seem to be much point to this category. Securiger 02:18, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Mines


text:
2000 Australian Grand Prix

The 2000 Australian Grand Prix (officially known as the 2000 Qantas Australian Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 12 March 2000 at the Albert Park Circuit in Albert Park, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia before a crowd of 124,300. It was the first race of the 2000 Formula One World Championship. The 58-lap race was won by Michael Schumacher for the Ferrari team after starting from third position. Schumacher's new teammate for the 2000 season, Rubens Barrichello finished second in the other Ferrari, with Ralf Schumacher third for BMW-Williams.

Mika Häkkinen started on pole position in a McLaren, with teammate David Coulthard alongside him, but both retired with pneumatic valve failures. Three drivers made their Grand Prix debut: future world champion Jenson Button in a BMW-Williams, Nick Heidfeld in a Prost and Gastón Mazzacane in a Minardi. Mazzacane and Button retired from their debut race, and Heidfeld finished ninth, two laps behind.

Background
Heading into the first race of the 2000 Formula One World Championship, many were tipping Ferrari driver Michael Schumacher and World Drivers' Champion, McLaren's Mika Häkkinen as the main contenders to win the 2000 World Drivers' Championship. Schumacher was favourite to win the Championship according to the bookmakers and by some former Formula One drivers, including Schumacher's teammate from the 1999 season, and new Jaguar driver Eddie Irvine. The last Drivers' Champion for Ferrari, Jody Scheckter, who did so in the 1979 season, also tipped Schumacher to win the Championship.

Out of the 11 teams and 22 drivers on the starting grid, three drivers made their debut. Nick Heidfeld joined the Prost team alongside Jean Alesi. The two replaced Prost's 1999 season line-up of Olivier Panis, who moved to McLaren as test driver and Jarno Trulli, who moved to Jordan alongside Heinz-Harald Frentzen following Damon Hill's retirement. At the Minardi team, Gastón Mazzacane replaced Luca Badoer, who opted to continue as Ferrari test driver, a role he began in 1997. The third rookie driver in the 2000 driver line-up was Jenson Button, who replaced Alessandro Zanardi at Williams. Button, at the time, became the youngest British driver ever to start a Formula One race. Many observers and fellow drivers alike had differing opinions of Williams' choice to take Button on. Sauber driver Mika Salo stated that because of Button's inexperience, he could "hurt himself or somebody else".

Practice
There were four practice sessions held before the Sunday race, two one-hour sessions on Friday and two 45-minute sessions on Saturday. In the first practice session, held on a slippery track surface, Häkkinen set the fastest lap of 1 minute and 32.768 seconds, followed by Michael Schumacher, Rubens Barrichello, David Coulthard, Jacques Villeneuve, Ralf Schumacher, Heinz-Harald Frentzen, Jos Verstappen, Eddie Irvine and Alexander Wurz. During the session, Ricardo Zonta and Heidfeld spun into a gravel trap beside the circuit, Johnny Herbert's car had a possible engine failure that cut out its ignition system, and Michael Schumacher's driving was curtailed due to the on-board television camera mounted atop of his Ferrari melting a wiring loom. Although he removed the left-rear wheel of his car in an sideways accident at the fast sweeping turn 14 midway through the second practice session because he missed the braking point, Michael Schumacher recorded the day's fastest lap of 1 minute and 32.130 seconds. Coulthard was second and Barrichello third. The rest of the top ten were Häkkinen, Villeneuve, Pedro Diniz, Frentzen, Wurz, Zonta and Irvine.

In the third practice session, Michael Schumacher continued to run strongly with the fastest time of 1 minute and 30.439 seconds. Coulthard was 0.519 seconds behind in second place and Frentzen placed third. Fourth went to Barrichello and Trulli was fifth. Ralf Schumacher, Villeneuve, Herbert, Giancarlo Fisichella and Irvine followed in the top ten positions. Häkkinen's engine failed mid-way through his first lap, necessitating two teams of McLaren mechanics to spend 42 minutes dismantling both his and teammate's Coulthard's rear of their cars to change their engines and gearbox es to enable driving in the second practice session later that day. Michael Schumacher paced the final practice session with a lap of 1 minute and 30.390 seconds, ahead of Coulthard, Frentzen, Barrichello, Ralf Schumacher, Trulli, Pedro de la Rosa, Verstappen, Villeneuve and Herbert. On his fourth lap, Button crashed into the turn ten right-hand side barrier at 160 mph after clipping a kerb, removing the rear wheels from his Williams and heavily damaging its bodywork. The session was halted for ten minutes as track marshals extricated his car from the circuit.

Qualifying
Saturday's afternoon qualifying session lasted for an hour. Each driver was limited to twelve laps, with the starting order decided by the drivers' fastest laps. During this session, the 107% rule was in effect, which necessitated each driver set a time within 107% of the quickest lap to qualify for the race. Mika Häkkinen took pole position by three-tenths from teammate David Coulthard, after the pair locked out a McLaren front row to start the season. Michael Schumacher was disappointed with third after a spin by Coulthard had caused a red flag forcing him to abandon his final attempt. Coulthard said that it "was not the intention" for him to disrupt Schumacher on his final flying lap. The top three qualifying places were identical to what they had been in the previous two years. Schumacher's new Ferrari teammate, Rubens Barrichello, qualified fourth, with the Jordans of Heinz-Harald Frentzen and Jarno Trulli behind him on the third row. Eddie Irvine qualified seventh for Jaguar, with Jacques Villeneuve, Giancarlo Fisichella and Mika Salo completing the top ten. Ralf Schumacher was eleventh for the Williams-BMW, with rookie teammate Jenson Button qualifying 21st for his first race, setting a lap time 1.6 seconds slower. Behind Button was another rookie, Gastón Mazzacane, and in front was Jaguar's Johnny Herbert. Button later described his qualifying session by saying "It can't get worse than this".

Warm-up
In Sunday morning's half an hour warm-up session, Barrichello paced the field with a time of 1 minute and 31.225 seconds. He was 1.573 seconds faster than Button in second place who had a small oil leak and fire in the pit lane. The two McLarens were third and fourth, with Häkkinen ahead of Coulthard. Verstappen was fifth and Fisichella sixth. Jean Alesi, Michael Schumacher, de la Rosa and Salo completed the top ten going into the race.

Race
The race began before a total of 124,300 people at 14:00 local time. 21 of the 22 cars started on the grid, with Prost driver Alesi the only car to start from the pit lane. Häkkinen converted his pole position from qualifying to lead into the first corner at the start of the race. Coulthard and Schumacher remained in second and third place respectively, but Barrichello was overtaken by Frentzen into turn one, dropping him down to fifth place. Trulli rounded out the top six places at the end of lap 1. At the back of the field, Button gained six positions, moving from 21st to 15th position. This was partially due to a collision between Minardi driver Marc Gené and rookie Heidfeld, which left Gené last in the order as he had to pit for repairs.

Jaguar driver Johnny Herbert was the first person to retire, retiring with clutch problems on lap 2. By lap 4, the two McLarens of Häkkinen and Coulthard, along with Schumacher, were already pulling away from Frentzen's Jordan, who was five seconds behind Schumacher. On lap 7, the front suspension on the Arrows car of Pedro de la Rosa failed, sending him into a tyre barrier. Herbert's teammate, Irvine spun trying to avoid the Arrows car. Irvine could not get the Jaguar going again as it suffered an engine failure. Both retired from the race. The safety car was deployed to slow the other cars down so the marshals could clear up the wreckage.

When the green flag was given at the end of lap 10, Coulthard slowed dramatically and came in for a pit stop with engine problems. Coulthard returned to the track, but the problem continued and forced his retirement on lap 11. Schumacher was now promoted to second, with Frentzen in third place. Barrichello was in fourth place, with Trulli fifth. Behind the top five, BAR driver Jacques Villeneuve was in sixth place, heading a queue of cars down to 12th place Button. Häkkinen retired on lap 18, with the same problem as his teammate; a double retirement almost identical to the 1999 race. With Häkkinen's retirement, Schumacher led by 16.5 seconds from Frentzen in second. Schumacher made his one and only pit stop on lap 29, giving Frentzen the lead. Schumacher rejoined the track in third, just in front of Trulli. Barrichello was the next driver of the front running cars to pit on lap 33, but the Ferrari team switched him to a two stop strategy so that he could move ahead of Frentzen.

Trulli retired his Jordan car on lap 36 with gearbox problems. The retirements and pit stops moved Button up the order, putting the Williams driver in third place before his pit stop on lap 36. Frentzen also made a pit stop on lap 36, but the Jordan mechanics experienced problems while refuelling the car, costing Frentzen over ten seconds in the stop. Frentzen rejoined the track in sixth, however retired three laps later with gearbox problems. Barrichello took the lead on lap 45, overtaking teammate Schumacher before making his second pit stop. Barrichello rejoined the track second.

The retirements of the McLaren and Jordan team cars elevated Ralf Schumacher, Button's Williams teammate, into third position. Villeneuve was fourth, Giancarlo Fisichella was fifth in the Benetton, with Button sixth. With 11 laps remaining Button retired from the race with an engine failure. Ricardo Zonta, in a BAR, was promoted to sixth, but was overtaken by Salo with a few laps remaining. Schumacher won the race after 58 laps in a time 1:34:01.987, twelve seconds ahead of second placed Barrichello, who completed a Ferrari one-two finish. Ralf Schumacher was classified third, with Villeneuve close behind in fourth, giving BAR their first ever points in Formula One. Fisichella finished fifth, with Salo initially classified as sixth in the Sauber. However, a few hours after the race, Salo was disqualified from the race for a bodywork infringement, promoting Zonta into sixth position.

Post-race
After the race, Michael Schumacher said:

"I was driving pretty easily from the beginning, I was saving my tyres, saving my fuel, ready for the final moments when the pit stops came and I had to attack. Unfortunately the two guys in front of me broke down. I would have preferred to race them to the end, to prove how good we really are."

Championship standings after the race

 * Drivers' Championship standings

 * Constructors' Championship standings

Note: Only the top 5 positions are show for both sets of standings.

title: 2000 Australian Grand Prix