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Christian Broadcasting Network

The Christian Broadcasting Network (CBN) is an American Christian media production and distribution organization. Founded in 1960 by Pat Robertson, it produces the long-running TV series The 700 Club, co-produces the ongoing Superbook anime, and has operated a number of TV channels and radio stations. Its headquarters are in Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States.

CBN has been described as having been "at the forefront of the culture wars since the network's inception in the early 1960s".

Operations
One of the company's mainstays is The 700 Club, which uses a religious variety program that mixes sermons, interviews, and religious music (such as hymns and gospel). The name refers to a fundraising drive where Robertson successfully sought 700 viewers willing to contribute $10 a month to sustain the station. The 700 Club is the longest-running program in the variety format. Initially focused on devotional content, The 700 Club became increasingly political in the late 1970s, adding news segments.

Today, CBN News provides news updates to The 700 Club and produces religious news and political opinion commentary programs such as CBN NewsWatch and Christian World News; it also produces a special hour-long block of prime time election coverage hosted by Robertson during American presidential and mid-term elections, airing on Freeform, which also carries The 700 Club and the half-hour talk show 700 Club Interactive. CBN also operates the CBN News Channel. The company also produces a version of The 700 Club aimed at Spanish speaking Americans (Club 700 Hoy).

CBN Asia manages Operation Blessing International Relief and Development Corporation (OBI), an international relief and missionary effort, and has international programming, producing local programs including Solusi in Indonesia and From Heart to Heart in Thailand.

CBN India produces three shows, a daily Hindi program Ek Nayee Zindagi, a bi-weekly Telugu program Nireekshana and an award-winning weekly Bengali program Samadhan.

CBN has broadcast programs in over 70 languages.

CBN now serves mainly as a production company for The 700 Club, and four other syndicated shows: CBN NewsWatch, Christian World News, 700 Club Interactive and The Brody File, a news-analysis program hosted by one-time political journalist David Brody.

Some of CBN's programs also air on the Trinity Broadcasting Network, Cornerstone Television, FamilyNet, LeSEA Broadcasting Corporation, TCT and Middle East Television, all of which are Evangelical Christian networks. The secular commercial stations that continue to air The 700 Club in syndication (along with Freeform) air CBN's annual telethon during the last week of January.

The Charity Navigator gave CBN a 3-star overall rating, a 3-star financial rating and a 2-star accountability and transparency rating.

Beginnings
CBN was founded in 1960 in Portsmouth, Virginia by Pat Robertson, who had recently become a born-again Christian. CBN entered into the broadcasting industry in October 1961, when WYAH-TV (WTOV-TV) in Portsmouth – the group's flagship station – signed on the air. Its programming was funded by small donations from individuals and local churches.

In August 1962, WYAH-TV was joined by an FM sister station, Norfolk-licensed WXRI, which broadcast a format of Christian music and teaching programs.

In 1966, a daily talk program began on WYAH, which eventually became known as The 700 Club.

On July 7, 1968, CBN acquired the Neuvo Continente radio station in Bogota, Colombia (which was the first evangelical radio station in that country).

In 1969 the organisation established CBN Northeast, a simulcast network of five FM radio stations in upstate New York (WBIV in Wethersfield, WEIV in Ithaca, WJIV in Cherry Valley, WMIV in South Bristol and WOIV in DeRuyter). (The stations were previously the Rural Radio Network.)

CBN signed on WHAE-TV in Atlanta in June 1971. In January 1973, CBN purchased KBFI-TV in Dallas and changed its callsign to KXTX-TV. The ministry signed on its final station, WXNE-TV in Boston, in October 1977.

The ministry's broadcasting subsidiary, the Continental Broadcasting Network, ran its four over-the-air outlets as family-oriented independent stations – featuring a mix of religious programming (which took up most of its stations' Sunday schedules) and secular acquired programs, including westerns, sitcoms, drama series and children's programming. (This format that would be later adopted by the LeSEA Broadcasting Corporation when it began launching its own television stations in the 1970s.)

CBN transferred Neuovo Continente to Colombian pastor and broadcaster Ignacio Guevara on June 7, 1972.

The International 700 Club was first broadcast on November 7, 1976, in the Philippines. This 30 minute version of the US show was to go on to be broadcast in many other countries. This later became known as The 700 Club International.

On April 29, 1977, CBN launched a religious channel in the United States, the CBN Satellite Service.

Also that year, CBN University was founded. It was established for "the specific purpose of preparing leaders who would not only succeed in their professions but also advance as Christians equipped to effectively impact their world." Its first classes began in September 1978.

Affiliated charity Operation Blessing was set up on November 14, 1978. It was initially intended to help struggling individuals and families by matching their needs for items such as clothing, appliances, and vehicles with donated items from viewers of The 700 Club. Coordinating with local churches and other organizations, OBI expanded their matching funds program to also include food provisions and financial assistance for low-income families.

In June 1979, CBN joined George Otis Ministries to build a combined radio and TV station in Southern Lebanon. It then began to broadcast Christian programming 28 hours a week in Hebrew.

The 1980s
CBN relocated its main headquarters from Portsmouth to Virginia Beach in 1980. About this time, CBN co-commissioned the first Superbook series of anime. This series was subsequently dubbed in many languages and distributed broadly across the world.

In June 1981,The 700 Club changed from being a religious talk show to having a news magazine format.

The CBN Satellite Service became the CBN Cable Network on September 1, 1981, and adopted a more secular programming format featuring a mix of family-oriented series and films while retaining some religious programs from various televangelists (mirroring the format used by CBN's broadcast stations). Its carriage grew to 10.9 million homes with a cable television subscription. The channel was notable for being one of the first cable channels to distribute its signal across the United States through satellite transmission (the third overall, after HBO and TBS). CBN Cable Network began airing a late night block of classic family oriented shows like You Bet Your Life with Groucho Marx, I Married Joan, and The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis.

The upstate New York radio stations were sold in 1982.

On April 10, 1982, a Christian-based television station in South Lebanon, Hope TV, was donated to CBN, and became Middle East Television (METV). At this time METV broadcast from Marjayoun. In Israel, METV was known for broadcasting WWF wrestling that was not available on Israeli TV. The station broadcast news, sports, family entertainment, and religious programming.

In August 1988, the CBN Cable Network became The CBN Family Channel.

Three of the over-the-air TV stations were sold between 1984 and 1989. WXRI radio in Portsmouth was also sold in 1989.

The 1990s
On January 8, 1990, the national TV network was sold to related entity International Family Entertainment (IFE). IFE was majority owned by the Robertson family, with a minority interest held by John C. Malone. The sale was said to have been done because the channel had become too profitable for CBN to maintain its non-profit status. On September 15 that year, the newly sold channel rebranded as The Family Channel. It remained the most watched outlet for CBN programs. IFE went on to launch other TV channels in the US and UK, and planned to extend itself further.

1990 also saw CBN University become known as Regent University. CBN built luxury hotel The Founders Inn and Spa at the university campus, and this was completed in 1990. The name of the hotel refers to the US Founding Fathers.

The year 1990 was also when CBN programs began to be broadcast in the Soviet Union, and then in its successor states after they declared independence. It started with primetime specials, and later The 700 Club and Superbook. These broadcasts were followed by 190 rallies throughout the region that resulted in the establishment of 190 churches. Similar special projects were implemented in the Philippines and Romania in 1994.

CBN Asia was established in the Philippines & Hong Kong on October 1, 1994.

CBN launched its first website in March 1995. Also that year, Tagalog-language The 700 Club Asia began.

CBN Africa was established. In 1997, Turning Point International (TPi), an English-language magazine program for people of African descent around the world, began.

On June 5, 1997, METV launched its 24-hour programming broadcast on the Israeli satellite Amos 2. This allowed it to reach a potential audience of 200 million people in 15 nations including Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt and Cyprus.

IFE was sold to News Corporation later in June 1997. At this time, The Family Channel was the US's ninth largest cable network, reaching 67 million homes. The terms of the sale stipulated that the channel continue carrying The 700 Club in perpetuity. Pat Robertson said that "We expect to continue to benefit from The Family Channel's... growing family entertainment franchise." (The Family Channel was renamed Fox Family Channel in August 1998. The channel was then sold to The Walt Disney Company in 2001, which renamed it as ABC Family, later renaming it again to Freeform.)

On March 24, 1999, the inaugural live broadcast of The 700 Club Asia aired.

The 2000s
CBN India was established in 2000. It has gone on to produce a number of TV shows in Hindi, Tamil and Bengali.

CBN's Dallas TV station was sold in 2000. METV was sold to LeSEA Broadcasting in July 2001.

In 2001, youth-oriented show, One Cubed, began in Asia. This later screened as One Cubed International in the US.

In September 2001, saw the launch of Living the Life, a new 30-minute magazine style show for women.

In October 2002, CBN launched CBN NewsWatch, a new half-hour weekend program.

Also in 2002, Le Club 700 began for people in Francophone Africa.

On September 18, 2003, a US version of One Cubed launched, featuring extreme sports, music videos, and celebrity interviews. A Nigerian version was also later created.

In 2004, Club 400 Hoy began as a daily program for Spanish speakers throughout the Americas.

CBN Europe was established in the UK. In October 2004, The 700 Club With Paul and Fiona began airing for UK audiences. It was hosted by Paul Jones and Fiona Hendley Jones. It was later dubbed in Dutch.

In 2005, kids program, A.S.T.I.G. (All Set to Imitate God), was launched by CBN Asia.

CBN Deutschland was established in 2007. Club 700 for German speakers, began on January 9, 2007. It was later renamed Erlebt TV in December 2019.

On April 30, 2007, First Landing, a CBN and Regent University produced movie about the English settlement of Jamestown, aired on ABC Family and various broadcast stations across the United States.

On April 29, 2008, the 24-hour CBN News Channel was launched as an online-only channel.

In November 2008, a new CBN Radio service was launched.

New TV program 700 Club Interactive began on May 25, 2009.

The 2010s
In 2011, a newly rebooted Superbook series began to air in various countries, commissioned by CBN.

The 700 Club Canada, a weekdaily program, was launched in November 2011.

700 Club Nigeria began in about 2013.

New program Oyayi began to be made by CBN Asia in 2016.

On October 1, 2018, the CBN News Channel was relaunched. It was now made available over-the-air via 15 stations in the United States, as well as continuing online. It was based in Virginia Beach, and had bureaus in Washington DC and Jerusalem.

During the Trump administration (2017–2021), CBN hosted events at Trump properties, paying at least $170,000. Subsequently, CBN obtained access to the White House that far larger news outlets typically received, and were given frequent exclusive interviews with senior administration staff, including Trump himself.

The 2020s
In 2020, music program CBN Asia Reverb began, which was later renamed ''Reverb Worship PH. ''

In October 2021, Club 400 Hoy was relaunched as a weekly US-focused program.

Current

 * The 700 Club – a daily newsmagazine that debuted in 1966, one of the longest runs of any program within that genre; the program is hosted by Pat Robertson (retired in 2021), Terry Meeuwsen and Gordon Robertson. The 700 Club features a daily news segment with commentary on certain stories, as well as interviews; it is distributed to an average daily audience of one million viewers, both on cable and through syndication.
 * Club 700 Hoy – a half-hour weekly Spanish-language version of The 700 Club that is syndicated throughout Latin America, and previously aired in the United States on Azteca America. The magazine-style formatted morning program features opinions on current issues; interviews; informative features; stories about people, places and music; and life advice.
 * CBN NewsWatch – produced by CBN News, it is a half-hour daily news program featuring reports on national and international news stories from a conservative, Christian perspective. It is broadcast nationally on several Christian-oriented cable and satellite networks.
 * Christian World News – produced by CBN News, it is a half-hour weekly conservative news program, that is broadcast nationally on the Trinity Broadcasting Network.
 * One Cubed USA and One Cubed International – aimed at teenagers and young adults between the ages of 13 and 24 years of age, the two programs focus on youth culture, action sports and music videos. It claims a mission statement "to reach this generation to express the unconditional love and salvation that God freely offered to everyone in this world. In everything that is One Cubed, we want to bring glory to God, never compromising and never settling, and always striving to be used by Him to the best of our abilities".

Notable personalities
Some of this info comes from The 700 Club, which lists The 700 Club hosts, as well as CBN News reporters, as well as former hosts of both.

Current

 * Gordon P. Robertson – co-host of The 700 Club
 * David Brody – host of The Brody File
 * Terry Meeuwsen – co-host of The 700 Club and 700 Club Interactive
 * Chuck Holton – military correspondent

Former

 * Pat Robertson – co-host of The 700 Club (retired in 2021)
 * Ben Kinchlow – co-host of The 700 Club
 * Victor Oladokun
 * Sheila Walsh – co-host of The 700 Club
 * Danuta Rylko Soderman – co-host of The 700 Club
 * Lisa Ryan – co-host of The 700 Club
 * Susan Howard – co-host of The 700 Club

Former stations
In the following tables, former CBN-owned stations are arranged alphabetically by state and community of license.

Note: Two boldface asterisks appearing following a station's call letters (**) indicate a station which was built and signed on by CBN.

Television
In addition, CBN planned to build a television station in Richmond, Virginia, WRNX on UHF channel 63. However, CBN sold the construction permit for that station to National Capitol Christian Television in 1982, which signed on the station as WTLL in 1984. That station was eventually sold and in 1986, converted into secular independent station WVRN-TV, which shut down in 1988.

Notes:
 * 1 CBN traded the broadcast license for KXTX-TV on channel 33 to Doubleday Broadcasting, in exchange for Doubleday's license to operate KDTV on channel 39, in November 1973;
 * 2 Operated by LIN Media under a local marketing agreement from 1993 until 1997.

title: Christian Broadcasting Network


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User:Animus~enwiki

My IP address, shared by others, has apparently been used for ill. Sorry if "205.188.116.80." has somehow irritated you or vandalized your articles. Sorry.:) Otherwise, I love Wikipedia and hope to be able to contribute, mostly through minor things, such as article cleanup and grammar fixes. I'm hoping to help out The Boom sometime soon.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Animus~enwiki


text:
The Seer (Big Country album)

The Seer is the third studio album by the Scottish band Big Country, released in 1986. The album featured very traditional Scottish musical settings, reminiscent of the band's debut album The Crossing (1983). Kate Bush worked on the title song in a duet with lead singer and lyricist Stuart Adamson. The album's first single, "Look Away", was an Irish number one, and was also the group's biggest hit single in the UK, reaching number 7.

The album reached number 2 in the UK Albums Chart.

Lyrics and music
The Seer saw Big Country return to the sweeping Scottish sound that had made them famous on The Crossing. It is sometimes considered to be the band's most overtly Celtic album, with many of the songs containing explicit or veiled references to Scottish history - for example, "Remembrance Day" deals with the Highland Clearances (in which thousands of Highlanders were relocated to British colonial possessions such as Canada and New Zealand), "Red Fox" is about the 1752 Appin Murder, and the title track concerns the seventeenth century mystic the Brahan Seer.

Mixes
The album was given two separate mixes. The first was done by producer Robin Millar with the input of the band. This mix was rejected by the band's record label for being not commercial enough, and Walter Turbitt was brought in to remix the album. Turbitt's mix, which was eventually released, was disliked by the band, as it had more overtly poppy elements (such as added reverberation) in contrast to Millar's drier, crisper mix. The original mix remains unreleased, with the exception of "Look Away," the single version of which was released before the remix had been completed.

Reception
Critic Anthony DeCurtis of Rolling Stone gave The Seer a positive review, calling it "possibly [the band's] strongest effort to date": Happily, Big Country's vision – articulated by Adamson's songwriting – is as generous and determined as ever. The single "Look Away" and the ballad "Hold the Heart," both chronicles of lost love, capture Adamson's grim romanticism, his characteristic urge to transcend but not deny emotional ravishment. "One Great Thing," "I Walk the Hill" and "Eiledon" are stirring expressions of the desire for individual integrity and a future filled with peace.

Track listing
*Note: writing credits as per original vinyl edition and the ASCAP song database.

All songs written by Stuart Adamson, except where noted. 1996 reissue bonus tracks
 * 1) "Look Away" – 4:23
 * 2) "The Seer" (featuring Kate Bush) (Adamson, Bruce Watson) – 5:26
 * 3) "The Teacher" – 4:05
 * 4) "I Walk the Hill" (Adamson, Mark Brzezicki, Tony Butler) – 3:30
 * 5) "Eiledon" – 5:35
 * 6) "One Great Thing" (Adamson, Butler) – 4:00
 * 7) "Hold the Heart" – 6:04
 * 8) "Remembrance Day" (Adamson, Butler, Watson) – 4:28
 * 9) "Red Fox" – 4:09
 * 10) "Sailor" (Adamson, Brzezicki) – 4:52
 * 1) "Song of the South" [B-side of "One Great Thing"] – 3:48
 * 2) "Look Away" (12" mix) – 6:31
 * 3) "One Great Thing" (Adamson, Butler) (Disco Mix) – 6:11
 * 4) "Giant" (Adamson, Brzezicki, Butler, Watson) [B-side of "Wonderland", 1984] – 3:55

2014 reissue
Bonus tracks Bonus disc
 * 1) "Restless Natives" [B-side of "Look Away"] – 4:00
 * 2) "Margo's Theme" [B-side of "Look Away"] – 3:42
 * 3) "Highland Scenery" [B-side of "Look Away"] – 4:06
 * 4) "Home Came the Angels" [B-side of "The Teacher"] – 2:07
 * 5) "Song of the South" (7" version) [B-side of "One Great Thing"] – 3:49
 * 6) "Honky Tonk Woman" (live at the Pier, New York, 1986) (Mick Jagger, Keith Richards) [B-side of "Hold the Heart"] – 3:54
 * 7) "Hold the Heart" (instrumental) [B-side of "Hold the Heart"] – 6:07
 * 1) "Restless Natives" (Restless Natives soundtrack part 1) [B-side of "Look Away" 12"] – 16:43
 * 2) "Restless Natives" (Restless Natives soundtrack part 2) [B-side of "The Teacher" 12"] – 18:08
 * 3) "I Will Run for You" [complete Restless Natives film version; previously unreleased] – 4:24
 * 4) "Look Away" (12" Mix) – 6:32
 * 5) "The Teacher" (Mystery Mix) – 5:40
 * 6) "One Great Thing" (Boston Mix)	(Adamson, Butler) – 5:34
 * 7) "Song of the South" (full version) – 5:04
 * 8) "Look Away" (Outlaw Mix) – 6:54
 * 9) "One Great Thing" (Big Baad Country Mix) (Adamson, Butler) – 6:12

Personnel
Adapted from the album liner notes.

Big Country
 * Stuart Adamson – vocals, guitar, EBow
 * Mark Brzezicki – drums, percussion, vocals
 * Tony Butler – bass, bass pedals, vocals
 * Bruce Watson – guitar, mandolin, sitar

Additional personnel
 * Kate Bush – additional vocals on "The Seer"
 * June Miles-Kingston – backing vocals on "Eiledon" and "Remembrance Day"
 * Davie Duncan – bodhran

Technical
 * Robin Millar – original production
 * Walter Turbitt – additional production, mixing
 * Will Gosling – engineer
 * Dave Anderson – assistant engineer
 * Phil Legg – assistant engineer
 * Nick Lacey – assistant engineer
 * Russell Leahy – assistant engineer
 * Julian Balme – sleeve
 * David Da Silva – illustration

Bonus tracks
 * Robin Millar – production on "Song of the South"
 * Steve Lillywhite – production on "Giant"
 * Geoff Emerick – production on "Restless Natives", "I Will Run for You", "Margo's Theme", "Highland Scenery" and "Home Came the Angels"
 * Will Gosling – mixing on "Song of the South"
 * Tony Butler – mixing on "Song of the South"
 * David Batchelor – mixing on "Honky Tonk Woman"

title: The Seer (Big Country album)


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Cassis (disambiguation)

Cassis is a place in southern France.

Cassis may also refer to:

People

 * Ignazio Cassis (born 1961), Swiss physician and politician
 * Nancy Cassis (born 1944), American teacher and psychologist
 * Tory Cassis, Canadian folk and jazz singer

Places

 * Cassis, a suburb of Port Louis, Mauritius

Food and drink

 * Cassis AOC, a French Appellation d'origine contrôlée wine region
 * Blackcurrant (cassis)
 * Crème de Cassis, or Cassis liqueur, a drink made from blackcurrants

Arts and entertainment

 * Cassis (film), a 1950 film directed by Jerome Hill

Music

 * Cassis (album), a 2002 album by Yōsui Inoue
 * "Cassis" (song), a 2005 song by The Gazette

Technology

 * Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS), an instrument on the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter

Other uses

 * Cassis (gastropod), a genus of large sea snails of family Cassidae

title: Cassis (disambiguation)


text:
Manly Beach

Manly Beach is a beach situated among the Northern Beaches of Sydney, Australia, in Manly, New South Wales. From north to south, the three main sections are Queenscliff, North Steyne, and South Steyne.

Etymology
The beach was named by Capt. Arthur Phillip for the indigenous people living there. He wrote, "Their confidence and manly behaviour made me give the name of Manly Cove to this place".

Commercial area
Within walking distance of Manly Beach along the oceanway is Fairy Bower and Shelly Beach. There are shops, restaurants, night clubs, and bars in town.

Patrol
Northern Beaches Council lifeguards operate a year-round service at South Steyne, and operate from October to April at North Steyne and Queenscliff. Volunteer Life Savers also patrol on weekends and public holidays between October and May.

Access
Travelling to Manly from Sydney's main ferry terminal, Circular Quay, takes 30 minutes by public ferry. There is also the option of a private ferry from Circular Quay to Manly (and back) between Monday and Saturday. There are two private ferry services running (also called "fast ferries") and the trip takes 18 minutes. The Corso, a pedestrian plaza and one of Manly's main streets for shopping and dining, runs from the ferry wharf and harbour beach, across the peninsula to Manly Beach, where it marks the boundary between North Steyne and South Steyne.

title: Manly Beach


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Nuaulu people

The Nuaulu, Naulu or Nunuhai are an ethnic group located in Seram, Maluku, Indonesia.

Description
The group name 'Nuaulu' means head[waters] of the Nua River, which is the ancestral homeland of the Nuaulu people. In the late 19th century or early 20th century, the Nuaulu people were moved down to the coast by the Dutch for purposes of pacification.

The Nuaulu are divided into two groups, namely the northern and the southern groups. Numbering at a total of 2500 people, they live in the Amahai district of Central Seram. The Northern Nuaulu inhabit two villages on the north coast of central Seram Island, whilst the Southern group inhabit five villages on the south coast and interior of Amahai District. These two languages are not mutually intelligible.

Religion
The majority of the Nuaulu people still adhere to their traditional religion which is based on a belief that the ancestors control everyday life and if the traditions they handed down are not followed correctly the living will be punished with sickness, death, and lack of prosperity. Nuaulu religion also states that there is an original creator called Upu Kuanahatana, and that there is powerful magic which people can use for good, or bad, purposes. Nuaulu people build Baileo for spiritual purposes.

Culture
The Nuaulu people are often mistakenly referred to as the Manusela people, who like the Nuaulu people wear a traditional red cloth on their heads, speak a similar language and practice the same traditional beliefs, the Naurus.

The Nuaulu retained a custom of headhunting until the 1940s.

Livelihood
Sago is the staple food of the Nuaulu. Nuaulu are subsistence farmers who use shifting cultivation techniques; they also grow cash crops such as coconuts, cloves, and nutmeg.

Honors
The Nuaulu people are honored in the scientific name of a species of gecko, Cyrtodactylus nuaulu, which is native to Seram Island.

title: Nuaulu people


text:
Arthur Ashe Stadium

Arthur Ashe Stadium is a tennis arena at Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York City. Part of the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, it is the main stadium of the US Open tennis tournament and has a capacity of 23,771, making it the largest tennis stadium in the world.

The stadium is named after Arthur Ashe (1943–1993), winner of the inaugural 1968 US Open, the first in which professionals could compete. The original stadium design, completed in 1997, had not included a roof. After suffering successive years of event delays from inclement weather, a new lightweight retractable roof was completed in 2016.

History

Opened in 1997, the facility replaced Louis Armstrong Stadium as the primary venue for the tournament. It cost $254 million to construct, and then had 22,547 seats, 90 luxury suites, five restaurants, and a two-level players' lounge, making it by far the largest tennis-only venue in the world. Like the other 32 courts in the facility, it has a DecoTurf cushioned acrylic surface.

On August 25, 1997, the stadium opened by hosting the US Open, with Whitney Houston singing "One Moment in Time" during the stadium's inauguration ceremonies and dedicating the performance to the late Arthur Ashe.

The first official match played on the court was at the 1997 US Open between Tamarine Tanasugarn of Thailand and Chanda Rubin of the United States. Tanasugarn won in two sets.

The stadium has also hosted the first-ever outdoor regular season WNBA game in 2008; the Indiana Fever beat the host New York Liberty 71–55 on July 19. The game served as a fundraising event for breast cancer research.

The facility features a Hawk-Eye electronic system which allows tennis players to challenge the umpire's decision on calls made throughout championships. In 2005, the color scheme for the courts was changed from green to electric blue inner courts and a light green outer court. All US Open Series events now use this color scheme, providing television viewers a more easily trackable ball — with the yellow tennis balls contrasting more visibly against the blue courts.

On July 26–28, 2019, the stadium hosted the Fortnite World Cup, a three-day long esports tournament with a prize pool of US$30 million, $3 million of which awarded to the winner of the Finals.

During the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, the stadium was converted for use as a hospital.

On September 22, 2021, the stadium hosted All Elite Wrestling. Dynamite was filmed live, alongside tapings for Rampage as well as Elevation. The Dynamite and Rampage episodes were titled "Grand Slam" with Rampage expanded to two hours for the special. The event marked AEW's debut show in New York City and the first professional wrestling show ever held at the tennis complex. "Grand Slam" was held at the stadium again in 2022 and 2023.

On November 3, 2022, the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show announced the primary event will move to Arthur Ashe Stadium in 2023.

Retractable roof
Lacking a roof, where relatively strong and unpredictable winds could occur inside the stadium, events were vulnerable to inclement weather—and five straight years of rain delays occurred during the US Open men's singles final from 2008 to 2012.

Despite the original design's lacking provisions for a roof, the USTA announced in 2013 plans to construct a roof for the stadium using a 5,000 ST superstructure —having consulted "with every architect involved in the design of a stadium roof in North America."

Notably, the site of the Ashe center featured poor soil conditions. It had previously been Manhattan's Corona Ash Dumps (featured prominently in F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby as the Valley of Ashes) and prior to that a natural wetland swamp. For the new roof, a very light solution was critical.

The roof has two 800-ton fabric panels made of 210,000 sqft of lightweight PTFE membrane which can open or close on glides, up to 25 feet per minute, to create an opening roughly the size of 17 Olympic swimming pools. The stadium is not fully conditioned; a new chilled water ventilation system controls humidity when the roof is closed. The new cantilevering design is supported by eight columns that sit on concrete bases, each supported by 20 piles driven 150 to 200 feet deep and has a data acquisition and recording system along with synchronized cameras to interpret the data created by the complex control systems. The roof, which cost $150 million, was part of a $550 million renovation of the National Tennis Center. The retractable roof project was completed in 2016.

The roof was designed by Rossetti Architects and its structure engineered by WSP Global. Geiger Engineers designed the roof's mechanization system. Engineer of Record for the mechanization system was Hardesty & Hanover in partnership with Morgan Engineering.

title: Arthur Ashe Stadium


text:
Talk:Dental floss

.

Spam?
SPAM In The NONOBJECTIVE PHOTO showing J&J's well known "Reach" "Access" brand of Floss Holder (WHEN ALSO the well known "J&J" FLOSS itself is indeed LISTED under BRANDED flosses) does indeed appear to demonstrate a CONFLICT OF INTEREST, and therefore THE holder phto and associated text are indeed SPAM!== 02:17, 29 November 2006 SoLongBaby (Talk | contribs) (→SPAM -Reverted Because Photo is an Ad which is Spam as is associated text!)
 * No one sees it as spam. Please point out what secion of WP:SPAM is in violation. --Ronz 02:36, 29 November 2006 (UTC)
 * You aren't even addressing why the text is spam. Please do so if you want to convince anyone. --Ronz 02:37, 29 November 2006 (UTC)
 * In what way is it a conflict of interest? I have seen no evidence that the uploader, nor the editors who want to keep the image, would personally benefit from the image. And the brand cannot be discerned from either the photo itself nor the caption. Should Wikipedia remove all images of commercial products? --Ginkgo 100 talk 20:16, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

Reverted Photo of VISUAL Advertising Spam of A floss-holder-PRODUCT Made by a WELL KNOWN & listed "Floss Manufacturer ; and reverted Associated text 18:49, 21 December 2006 SoLongBaby
 * "Visual advertising spam" is not an agreed upon reason to remove an image. Please point out wiki policy or guideline that supports your position.  The text doesn't mention any product, so there's no reason for it's removal (and you've not given one). If there is something specific in the text, please explain what it is so it can be discussed. --Ronz 16:54, 22 December 2006 (UTC)

SoLOngBaby, cease your constant reversions on this image and text...the image is not identifying as to who the manufactorer is so I can see no big deal on this matter...it definitely is not spam or advertising to have the image.--MONGO 05:56, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

SoLongBaby: "DENTAL FLOSS is just that, but a floss holder is NOT dental floss per se. Therefore, a floss holder photo probably would be better off on another page called a STUB whether or not it is advertsing/SPAM.  Floss is floss and a holder is a holder." .--SoLongBaby 21:59, 7 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, consensus is that it stays here. When there is enough information on it to be separated into another article, it can be done then. --Ronz 22:13, 7 January 2007 (UTC)

Possible refs for holders etc
The Canadian Dental Association and the American Dental Association both recommend use of dental tape or a floss holder to make flossing easier. --Ronz 03:06, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

"To make flossing easier, try using a plastic floss holder or use dental tape." --Ronz 22:06, 7 January 2007 (UTC)

"If flossing feels awkward or if your fingers always seem to get tangled, try using a plastic floss holder..."

"If you find it difficult to manipulate long strands of floss, consider using a special floss holder." "People who have trouble handling dental floss may find it easier to use interdental cleaners."

"If you find it difficult to manipulate long strands of floss, consider using a special floss holder."

"Children who do their own flossing may find that a floss holder makes the task easier—and for parents who are helping, a holder can diminish the risk being bitten by those clean little chompers."  --Ronz 17:59, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

USE
Deleted last two sentences that cannot be verified and appear to be unreliable information. --WhyNot1 22:39, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Given the state of the article, I think this is a bit premature. --Ronz 04:24, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Explain how it's unreliable, it's common sense that vibration better penetrates the gumline, it operates under the same principles as an electric toothbrush. The part you removed was worded to explain why this was. It doesn't require verification if it's a logical statement. I'm restoring it. Btw, get a user page. Tyciol 13:11, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Causes of reduced bleeding with regular flossing
One cause that is accepted is that due to the cleaning of bacterial collections, the gums do not become enflamed, and therefore more prone to bleeding. Isn't it reasonable that toughening of the gum tissue due to stress from floss, and the healing of lacerations, might have something to do with it? Our skin builds calluses, and many other tissues of the body toughen in response to stress. Tyciol 13:07, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Dental floss
Dental floss should always be merely gently inserted between teeth, and gently below the gum line which is known as the gingival margin. Never jam floss between teeth. Typically floss is availbale flavored or plain, that is, unflavored. Floss comes waxed or unwaxed. --WhyNot1 2:11, 25 January 2007 (UTC) Dental floss is merely either a bundle of thin nylon filaments or a plastic made of "Teflon" ePTFE or UHMWPE polyethylene ribbon used to remove particles of food from between teeth and dento-bacterial plaque which daily grows on and is adhered to teeth surfaces. That is why everyone must brush and floss daily. --WhyNot1 2:30, 25 January 2007 (UTC) Dental floss is typically available flavored or unflavored whether or not waxed or unwaxed. Flavors include mint, cinnimon and bubble gum. --WhyNot1 2:33, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

Pubic Hair?
Should we mention in the middle ages long pubic hair was often used by people as far back as the 14th Century for floss?--Wiggstar69 16:45, 6 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Source to cite? Why would it be pubic hair specifically? Why not long hair from the head, or from a horse's tail/mane? Was this just an odd joke? — ¾-10 03:51, 24 December 2007 (UTC)

Directions
"Dental floss does not clean the interproximal areas beneath the contact point, because the area is concave." Huh? Is the "contact point" where the upper and lower teeth come together, or where a tooth comes close to the tooth in front or behind? And what is an "interproximal area"? Maybe a drawing would help. Mcswell (talk) 18:13, 28 September 2008 (UTC)

In popular culture
I removed the popular culture section. It contained only two items. One in-passing reference from Doctor Who, and a reference to Montana (Frank Zappa song), that deals with growing dental floss on a farm, not with floss and flossing as such. Dr bab 22:42, 8 April 2007 (UTC)
 * That sounds consistent with WP:TRIVIA to me. Good work. Walter Siegmund (talk) 00:28, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

Bonafide Hygienist?
Removed IMAGE because NO bonafide hygienist wears such loose latex gloves. The latex gloves must be fit tight and every credentialed hygienist knows THAT! —Preceding unsigned comment added by THeHygienist (talk • contribs) 00:52, 17 May 2007
 * I've restored the image, since this article is about dental floss, rather than hygienists or gloves. --Ronz 01:19, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

What about disposable flossing things?
I think a section could be added. I think they are convenient for work.

Clandestine floss party
What's up with that picture? Is it from a hazing ritual? Why are the lights off?  DRosenbach  ( Talk 04:05, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Dental Tape
Maybe there should be some mention dental tape as well. 66.191.19.217 (talk) 03:59, 11 September 2008 (UTC)

Flossing before brushing
The article states that the ADA recommends flossing after brushing, but the ADA seems to specifically suggest that it is better to floss before brushing per http://www.ada.org/ada/seal/floss.asp. I apologize for any formatting errors I may have made in creating this entry. -B.Stewart —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.6.33.247 (talk) 10:45, 13 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I'd really like to look into this issue, since I was always taught by my dentists (when I first began flossing in the late 1970s) that flossing came *after* brushing, and for good reason: brushing can push food particles into the crevices between teeth.

 * The reasoning cited for flossing first -- so that brushing can push fluoride toothpaste into those same crevices without its being removed by flossing -- seems seriously irrational: Fluoride is a poison, and to leave it in one's mouth where it is likely to be swallowed seems to be very poor advice.

 * I will check this question out with the ADA et al. and report back.Daqu (talk) 06:01, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

Research and Science
Where is it? 121.209.148.194 (talk) 05:55, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

Thank you for your suggestion. When you believe an article needs improvement, please feel free to make those changes. Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone can edit almost any article by simply following the  link at the top. The Wikipedia community encourages you to be bold in updating pages. Don't worry too much about making honest mistakes—they're likely to be found and corrected quickly. If you're not sure how editing works, check out how to edit a page, or use the sandbox to try out your editing skills. New contributors are always welcome. You don't even need to log in (although there are many reasons why you might want to). Walter Siegmund (talk) 23:17, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

I agree there's no evidence here that flossing does anything? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.0.4.150 (talk) 12:44, 30 October 2009 (UTC)

here´s the proof that flossing doesn´t seem to be effective. Hujoel P.P, Cunha-Cruz J., Banting D.W., Loesche W.J.: Dental Flossing and Interproximal Caries: a Systematic Review. Journal of Dental Research 85, 4, 2006, page 298-30

Our aim was to assess, systematically, the effect of flossing on interproximal caries risk. Six trials involving 808 subjects, ages 4 to 13 years, were identified. There were significant study-to-study differences and a moderate to large potential for bias. Professional flossing performed on school days for 1.7 years on predominantly primary teeth in children was associated with a 40% caries risk reduction (relative risk, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.48–0.76; p-value, < 0.001). '''Both three-monthly professional flossing for 3 years (relative risk, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.73–1.19; p-value, 0.32) and self-performed flossing in young adolescents for 2 years (relative risk, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.85–1.20; p-value, 0.93) did not reduce caries risk '''. No flossing trials in adults or under unsupervised conditions could be identified. Professional flossing in children with low fluoride exposures is highly effective in reducing interproximal caries risk. These findings should be extrapolated to more typical floss-users with care, since self-flossing has failed to show an effect.

I´m a non-native english speaker, so if one of you native english speaker would like to add this peace of information to the article, I´d be very gratefull. --dental cleaning ([[User talk:dental cleaning|talk]]) 11:19, 8 November 2018 (UTC)
 * That doesnt say that flossing is not effective. It appears to say that flossing is effective in reducing caries only in certain circumstances.
 * As the article already documents, flossing is effective for the reduction of gum diseases. The sourced review states, "None of the included trials reported data for the outcomes of caries, calculus, clinical attachment loss, or quality of life. There was some inconsistent reporting of adverse effects." --Ronz (talk) 17:20, 28 February 2012 (UTC)

 * and what´s this summary then?
 * ....." These findings should be extrapolated to more typical floss-users with care, since self-flossing has failed to show an effect." --[[User:dental cleaning|dental cleaning]] ([[User talk:dental cleaning|talk]]) 06:02, 8 November 2018 (UTC)
 * The context is the effectiveness of flossing on the reduction of caries. --Ronz (talk) 18:23, 29 February 2012 (UTC)
 * your right. It´s only about caries. Yet, I wouldn´t have a problem if the context (in which the ineffectiveness occures) is mentioned. It´s not my goal to totally discredit dental flossing. I just would like to make sure all relevant information about dental flossing is on the table. --dental cleaning ([[User talk:dental cleaning|talk]]) 13:55, 1 November 2018 (UTC)

One more study from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19138178

'''Abstract OBJECTIVES:'''

The aim of this study was to assess systematically the adjunctive effect of both flossing and toothbrushing versus toothbrushing alone on plaque and gingivitis.

MATERIALS:

The MEDLINE and Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched through December 2007 to identify appropriate studies. The variables of plaque and gingivitis were selected as outcomes. RESULTS:

Independent screening of titles and abstracts of 1166 MEDLINE-Pubmed and 187 Cochrane papers resulted in 11 publications that met the eligibility criteria. Mean values and SD were collected by data extraction. Descriptive comparisons are presented for brushing alone or brushing and flossing. A greater part of the studies did not show a benefit for floss on plaque and clinical parameters of gingivitis. A meta-analysis was performed for the plaque index and gingival index.

'''CONCLUSIONS The dental professional should determine, on an individual patient basis, whether high-quality flossing is an achievable goal. In light of the results of this comprehensive literature search and critical analysis, it is concluded that a routine instruction to use floss is not supported by scientific evidence.''' --dental cleaning ([[User talk:dental cleaning|talk]]) 10:28, 5 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I´ve found 2 links that review the above studies in the well-respected Nature magazin. I´d say that this would make the studies credible. --dental cleaning ([[User talk:dental cleaning|talk]]) 11:30, 6 November 2018 (UTC)

http://www.nature.com/ebd/journal/v7/n3/full/6400425a.html

http://www.nature.com/ebd/journal/v10/n3/abs/6400666a.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by dental cleaning ([[User talk:dental cleaning|talk]] • contribs) 11:29, 6 November 2018 (UTC)

I would have the following suggestion. I would insert a new paragraph in the main article and call it "Effectiveness", just like there is an effectiveness paragraph in the Wikipedia article scaling and root planing.

Effectiveness

The general consensus amongst dentists is that dental flossing is highly effective in removing plague from the teeth. There are however some scientific studies that were published in the British science magazine Nature which found that flossing is effective only in certain situations. One study concluded (Institute  name?):  “Professional flossing in children with low fluoride exposures is highly effective in reducing interproximal caries risk. These findings should be extrapolated to more typical floss-users with care, since self-flossing has failed to show an effect in regards to reducing caries.” Another study (institute name?) “The dental professional should determine, on an individual patient basis, whether high-quality flossing is an achievable goal. In light of the results of this comprehensive literature search and critical analysis, it is concluded that a routine instruction to use floss is not supported by scientific evidence” — Preceding unsigned comment added by dental cleaning (talk • [[Special:Contributions/dental cleaning|contribs]]) 12:01, 13 November 2018 (UTC)

Benefits References
The benefits section references reference 4. However reference 4 does not in anyway back up the statement? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.0.4.150 (talk) 17:16, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
 * The source says, in part: "Plaque ... can cause the enamel to weaken, eventually causing tooth decay. ... Plaque that is not removed with thorough daily brushing and cleaning between teeth can eventually harden into calculus or tartar."
 * Thus: cleaning between teeth (flossing) removes plaque, which otherwise can cause tooth decay (dental caries). Maybe something a bit more direct would do the job? - SummerPhD (talk) 18:18, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I have added additional refs to back up all of the benefits listed. - SummerPhD (talk) 18:35, 28 November 2009 (UTC)
 * The link is dead. I´d probably remove it if nobody else does it or provides a replacement. --Bhuddu2 (talk) 11:16, 5 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Unless there is something wrong with the source itself, we do not (usually) remove sources due to dead links. Instead, please tag the dead link or replace it with an archived version (often available at archive.org). Thanks. -  Sum mer PhD  (talk) 14:17, 5 March 2012 (UTC)
 * I´ve fixed the dead link --Bhuddu2 (talk) 11:12, 6 March 2012 (UTC)

Life expectancy
"Flossing regularly can add up to six years to your life expectancy"

I've been trying to find a solid, WP:MEDRS source for this. So far I've found a few gerontologists making the claim, though the number of years differs. I've also found a study linking flossing to general health awareness.

I'd like the tagged material to remain a few days more to alert others of the dispute. --Ronz (talk) 16:58, 20 March 2010 (UTC)

 * Hi, I've had a bit of a search through the medical journals to try and find the link between flossing and life expectancy, and I think I've figured out where it has come from. While there are loads of web 'health' sites that make the claim, the main medical evidence that probably created this is realated to periodonatal / gum disease.  There have been a few studies which have found links between periodontal disease and heart problems.  The reasons for this are unclear and whether or not its causal (As in - does gum disease cause cardiac problems? or are people who take care of their mouths less also likely to look after their health?  - this is where your link to health awareness comes in).  It could be worth mentioning that good oral hygiene is related to fewer cardio issues, but I dont think its appropriate to put in terms of life expectancy.  The reason I was swift to cut the text out originally is that medical studies rarely if ever put things in terms of life expectancy gain - its more likely to be x% less heart attacks over a x years.  Also 6 years is quite huge in terms of life expectancy so it didnt seem realistic.  Clovis Sangrail (talk) 11:26, 21 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Link: New Study Confirms Periodontal Disease Linked to Heart Disease
 * We have a brief mention of heart disease in the same sentence, though I've not checked the source.
 * The study I found about health awareness is: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118621928/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 --Ronz (talk) 17:14, 21 March 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm happy to have have the connections to health / cardio included, it was more the wording of the unambiguous causal life expectancy extension that I thought was a bit iffy. It just needs a few words changed to be good.  Cheers Clovis Sangrail (talk) 23:20, 21 March 2010 (UTC)
 * The unreferenced assertion in this article that flossing increases life expectancy either needs to be referenced or removed. Such an extraordinary claim that a tooth cleaning method can increase life expectancy (notwithstanding the protection it affords against gum disease and heart disease, which are already mentioned) surely cannot be made without giving some kind of evidence. If there is a paper verifying this claim then, of course, reinsert this statement, but until someone gives a reliable source, I think it's best left out of the article. As such have removed this claim. Please note that a reference for this claim would have to be from a solid source such as a peer-reviewed paper. Unnachamois (talk) 22:22, 20 September 2010 (UTC)

Mustache picture
Why do we have a picture of a man with a mustache getting his teeth flossed? - Mdriver1981 (talk) 04:15, 26 March 2010 (UTC)
 * It shows how dental floss, the subject of this article, is used. Is there something about the mustache, in particular, that you object to? - SummerPhD (talk) 16:18, 26 March 2010 (UTC)

Wateropik etc
I just wandered on this page. Shouldn't there be a link to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_irrigator? BartYgor (talk) 09:33, 6 May 2013 (UTC)

Too U.S. centric?
Flossing is a constant theme in the U.S., but appears to be far rarer and less often recommended in e.g. Europe. I suggest that a wider perspective is taken with regard to geography and habits. In addition, the difference in recommendations could imply that the net benefits of flossing are smaller than portrayed in the article. If so, a more nuanced view should be given.80.226.24.12 (talk) 16:37, 12 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Would need reliable sources to support such claims about Europeans flossing less than Americans. I have in the mean time made slight adjustments to the article to give a world wide perspective. Re the benefits of flossing being smaller than are portrayed in the article, if you would care to check the references, there is a Cochrane group systematic review which sets the tone for the article:  Lesion  17:14, 12 April 2014 (UTC)

 * It would need reliable sources to support an *implied* claim that Europeans floss as much as people in the US. This 50-year-old German Wikipedian has a) flossed once or twice out of curiousity and b) *NEVER* had a dentist recommend it or ask whether I floss.  Because it's virtually unknown.  I know about flossing pretty much exclusively due to the 'net and US "cultural artifacts" (i.e. movies). --jae (talk) 00:46, 3 August 2016 (UTC)

There is weak evidence that flossing plus toothbrushing may help to reduce plaque buildup relative to toothbrushing alone.[1]

 * Your personal experience is not a reliable source, neither has anyone presented a reliable source either way. Matthew Ferguson (talk) 00:03, 29 January 2017 (UTC)

History
I know I have read scientific articles that found paleolithic era humans used grass to floss their teeth (determined by comparing the microscopic wear with experiments on modern teeth caused by the silicon in grass leaves). I know, also, from personal experience that tribal peoples will use leaves and grass still to floss their teeth. I can't find sources on this now though, but I think it should be incorperated if someone can find sources.--Aionlux (talk) 11:10, 7 January 2015 (UTC) https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0076852 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.1330740311 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Urszula-Ratajczak-Skrzatek/publication/346916262_Quaternary_Stratigraphy_-_palaeoenvironment_sediments_palaeofauna_and https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002817790110111 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 103.83.185.35 (talk) 09:17, 25 October 2022 (UTC)

Making the "Dental Floss" wikipedia page more evidence based
Hello, I am User:EviDent.Prac, an oral health student attending LaTrobe University, Bendigo, Australia. Myself, along with fellow colleagues User:Yyuliya, User:CB17742881, User:eyoel07 and User:Ramiabouzeid have been assigned to edit the Dental Floss wikipedia page. As wikipedia is a fast, convenient and free resource, our aim is to ensure our patients are accessing credible and verifiable information in regards to dental issues they may present with. This will allow for a more accurate useful resource. Throughout viewing this page, as a group we have discussed certain aspects of dental floss that we would like to review and introduce into the page. These include; Limitations of Floss, Flossing Technique, and Types of Floss, as well as performing an overall edit of current information, making it more credible. EviDent.Prac (talk) 10:19, 30 March 2015 (UTC)

Types of Dental Floss
New addition to the contents of the Dental Floss page titled 'Types of Dental Floss'. This section outlines commonly available floss, the effectiveness according to the material characteristic and floss selection. Previous work under 'Use' has been moved under this new section and modified so that it could be incorporated into the new paragraph.CB17742881 (talk) 12:48, 29 March 2015 (UTC)
 * CB17742881, please remember to support your additions with citations. It's especially important that we properly reference medical claims like "Studies have shown that there is no difference in the effectiveness of the type of floss used by individuals." KateWishing (talk) 12:52, 29 March 2015 (UTC)
 * KateWishing, references have been added and further adjustments made to content CB17742881 (talk) — Preceding undated comment added 13:51, 29 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Thank you. You should also add the page numbers for the Dental Hygiene: Theory and Practice citations, considering it's a 1296-page book. KateWishing (talk) 15:29, 29 March 2015 (UTC)

Use
I've just added instruction of how to use floss. This describes in detail of how to use it effectively, aswell additional references. Yyuliya (talk) 08:20, 30 March 2015 (UTC)

I have recently tried to upload a few pictures with the instructions of floss via using wikimedia commons however they have been removed. Could anyone shed some light please was to why? or how to upload pictures? much appreciated :) Yyuliya (talk) 12:43, 16 April 2015 (UTC)
 * We can't legally use the images unless you personally own the copyright or have obtained appropriate permissions from the copyright holder. Images must be available under a free license -- one with no restrictions on image reuse. See Commons:Licensing. (There are exceptions for fair use, but they do not apply here.) KateWishing (talk) 12:39, 16 April 2015 (UTC)

Okay, thank you. Yyuliya (talk) 12:43, 16 April 2015 (UTC)

Help edit table!
The table below outlines the characteristics of common types of interdental non-powered self-care products of floss available. Please have a look through if it need any more further editing. Thanks guys !

CB17742881 (talk) 07:50, 20 April 2015 (UTC) Yyuliya (talk) 08:00, 20 April 2015 (UTC)
 * It's a nice looking table but it will need supporting WP:MEDRS-compliant references to support the accuracy of these descriptions. If you can provide those in the correct way & place, I think this will be a nice addition to the article. Also, does the phrase "floss cuts" mean cuts in the gum from using floss to aggressively? If so, we need to define that in the article somewhere or use terminology lay readers will easily understand (i.e., what are embrasures?). TylerDurden8823 (talk) 07:56, 20 April 2015 (UTC)

 * The table is looking really good. Additional information will be added into the empty cells, along with the reference within the table description once it is uploaded. EviDent.Prac (talk) 08:04, 20 April 2015 (UTC)

Also another table below outlines the characteristics of common types of interdental powered self-care products of floss available.

(talk) Yyuliya (talk) 08:00, 20 April 2015 (UTC)

The table is now uploaded to article by EviDent.Prac Yyuliya (talk) 08:25, 20 April 2015 (UTC)

 * All of the references to the Darby textbook still require page numbers. I also removed the dental embrasures image because it appears to be a copyright violation -- see my comment in . KateWishing (talk) 12:13, 20 April 2015 (UTC)

Recommended Flossing Technique Wording Changes Needed
Hi all, the language used for this section of the article has to be changed because the way it's currently written is in an instructional/how-to manner and that goes against Wikipedia policy. Instead, it should be rephrased to simply state that these are the recommended steps but there should be no second person language or commands (i.e., where it says repeat step 6). TylerDurden8823 (talk) 08:08, 20 April 2015 (UTC)

User:TylerDurden8823 I have attended to this issue on the 20th of April. I hope that it is within Wikipedia policy now as the information provided now is no longer in step-by-step format and is at an easy to read recommended use of dental floss EviDent.Prac (talk) 06:41, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

Page numbers needed
CB17742881, Yyuliya, EviDent.Prac, and Ramiabouzeid, thank you for your contributions to the article. You added eight references to the textbook Dental Hygiene Theory and Practice, which still require page numbers. Once we have page numbers, we can remove the citations-needed template at the top. KateWishing (talk) 12:39, 25 April 2015 (UTC)

KateWishing sure no problem, I'll do them now. Yyuliya (talk) 03:27, 26 April 2015 (UTC)

Benefits
Added information about its use with orthodontic appliances, to link in with floss threader etc.Eyoel07 (talk) 06:30, 20 May 2015 (UTC)

Article out of date – no longer state of art
I am afraid that most of the article needs to go in the bin – flossing is no longer recommended, and when it is, it is as an alternative to interdental brushes. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/aug/02/dental-floss-proof-works-guidelines-dropped Littledogboy (talk) 00:44, 12 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I agree, nobody should be flossing their teeth. 2600:1700:1DC0:8CC0:C2CB:38FF:FE11:20F8 (talk) 07:09, 28 August 2018 (UTC)
 * The interpretation of scientific sources by mainstream media is often problematic. The scientific source can be over-simplified to make a better story, to make things understandable for readers, or perhaps just because of lack of understanding on the part of journalist. A great many Cochrane reviews about different topics find lack of evidence of efficacy due to widespread flaws in study design, but this needs to be clearely distinguished from evidence of a lack of efficacy. That is to say, not knowing if something is positive or negative due to lack of research or poor quality research is entirely different from knowing if something is negative due to the findings of good quality research that found it to be negative. Some have termed media interest in this topic "flossgate". However it is not as simple to state that it is no longer reccommended. See this advice from BSP : "Daily cleaning between your teeth using special interdental brushes is essential for treating and preventing gum disease. Floss is of little value unless the spaces between your teeth are too tight for the interdental brushes to fit without hurting or causing harm.” Therefore, floss is not a waste of time - it is a viable alternative to interdental brushing where appropriate.  " Matthew Ferguson (talk) 09:51, 18 November 2018 (UTC)
 * I can't fit any brush between my teeth, so I use floss. I don't understand where all this hate from dental floss has come from, all of a sudden.  For what reason should I *NOT* be flossing?   139.138.6.121 (talk) 10:11, 17 January 2021 (UTC)
 * A Study from April 2020, "Flossing Is Associated with Improved Oral Health in Older Adults" from the International Dental Association found significantly less oral disease in flossers then non-flossers. I'll summarise the findings in the efficacy section when I have a chance.Permareperterra (talk) 10:07, 9 July 2021 (UTC)

New Types of Floss
Please someone discuss the new plastic-free dental floss market which uses waxed silk or a kind of waxed floss made of maize (is it a maize-based plastic or the natural fibres?). Sometimes these products are black with charcoal. It's an interesting topic.

One of the websites selling these new types of floss claims that it's better than nylon. Review their claim, please. It's this one: https://www.wearthlondon.com/plastic-free-dental-floss Moses Alkadhem (talk) 08:47, 8 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dental floss


text:
Crisis: The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor and Southeast Asia

Crisis: The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor and Southeast Asia is a 1992 book written by Allan Beekman, who also wrote The Niihau Incident and Hawaiian Tales. Crisis organizes into a coherent whole the elements that coalesced into the tragedy of Pearl Harbor.


text:
User:DarkCorners

11/1/04 11:51pm

It is the 11th hour and I have decided not to vote tomorrow, I am a moral objector to the media rhetoric, and soundd bytes with lack of historical content.

I do not have enough information or influence to make the correct decision. Prentice Hall was bought and paid for with tax dollars and I protest.

Maybe in 4 years, I can shed the ingnorance and can vote with pride.

Untill then, my job is to become educated and WIKI is my source.

Thank you WIKI....

10/23/04 Hello every one,

OK Here is a current event article that I am working on. I will research it further as time permits. Thanks in advance for giving me this free work space to work. Canadians have no idea how to grow an GNP Here are the statistics: They have a power black out... They promote reducing electric consumption. Cost of oil goes up... They start processing their oil rich shale. Healthcare out of control. They take the insurance company profits away. Prescription patents out of control. They shorten the patent life. Indian are restless. They respect them by calling them The FIRST NATION Too many pot smokers in prison, issue them a ticket instead. Since 1776, Why do Americans immigrate to Canada during war time?

title: User:DarkCorners


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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 02:18, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Crisis: The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor and Southeast Asia
Another editor has added the " " template to the article Crisis: The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor and Southeast Asia, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the  template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 10:59, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sniegowski


text:
User talk:Abyssinia H

Note: If you leave a message here, I will most likely respond here. I may leave a talkback message on your talkpage if I believe it would be helpful. I will most likely do so if you are a new or anonymous editor or you request it on your own talk page.

R' Avraham Duber Kahana Shapiro
Please take a look at the discussion by him. Thank you

Hola
Las gracias mucho, gay, acabo de conseguir un nuevo nombre del usuario, y ahora, me bloquean para la vida.

Seinfeld
Yes, good call on Seinfeld, I should of thought of that. While I'm here, I see you haven't even had your welcome template yet! Everyone sould have one, here you go:

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Kidding aside, good to have you aboard. I'm still a bit of a newbie myself, but if you need any help feel free to ask on my talk page and I'll do my utmost to help. --fvw* 21:14, 2004 Nov 27 (UTC)

TUSC token 9fc966a1f492b64705fdf77a13aba8c9
I am now proud owner of a TUSC account!

Deleted Basketball Club
Hi I don't understand why this article should be deleted. The club is already noted on the article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbs_in_Sweden. This is the biggest Serbian basketball club (outside Serbia). I used to be a player in the club and I'm still a active member so I should know a lot about the club. All this facts are correct and can me checked up.

TUSC token 95990d9986ca32f5c09b3de2a3fd56c7
I am now proud owner of a TUSC account!

Women in Red World Contest
Hi. We're into the last five days of the Women in Red World Contest. There's a new bonus prize of $200 worth of books of your choice to win for creating the most new women biographies between 0:00 on the 26th and 23:59 on 30th November. If you've been contributing to the contest, thank you for your support, we've produced over 2000 articles. If you haven't contributed yet, we would appreciate you taking the time to add entries to our articles achievements list by the end of the month. Thank you, and if participating, good luck with the finale!

title: User talk:Abyssinia H


text:
User talk:Jonojet

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 02:19, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Substubs
Hi! May I take a moment to welcome you as well. Unfortunately, your article on the Ravenswood school is, shall we say, a bit lacking in content and might wind up being deleted...possibly as a speedy delete. By all means, please feel free to expand the article and please don't take the speedy delete notice personally. You are always welcome to contact me via my talk page. Just click on my user name. Take care! Best, Lucky 6.9 02:57, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry, but it's not so much the lack of content as the lack of notability. On Wiki, many, many people list various pre-university educational institutions, and very often they get placed on the votes for seletion list because they're usually not notable enough to be listed in an encyclopedia. Like Lucky said, please don't take it personally - if your article does get listed on the votes for deletion page, you will be able allowed to present a case as to why the school is notable enough for listing, and may, of course, place a vote. Please, feel free to cntact me if you have any questions. ClockworkTroll 03:47, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jonojet


text: File:Big Country - Peace in Our Time.jpg


text:
User talk:Jalefkowit

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 02:19, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jalefkowit


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Thao nguyen

Thao nguyen
You have my vote to delete it-Leto Atreides Very well, but you see, she was a refugee and is now very involved in politics, Once i finish the page you'll see.

The person described in this entry isn't particularly notable at all (if this entry should be included, should all contestents on TV game shows get an entry?) and the entry is more of a description of the person then an encylopedia article about a notable figure. Zachlipton 02:25, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

It is true Thao Nguyen is indeed the Sister of a Vinh Nguyen and was featured in the Australian television Series the mole, I have seen her there, she was indeed the 4th person booted out. Perhaps we should try to find out more information, and an image too.

-- I'm not disputing that the entry is false. I'm saying that the person isn't particularly notable. Zachlipton 02:25, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Non-notable reality TV participant. Delete.  RickK 06:41, Oct 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable gameshow participant. Fancruft. --Improv 14:56, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. non-notable. MarkS 20:42, 13 Oct 2004 (UTC)