text:
Kingda Ka

Kingda Ka is a hydraulically-launched steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson, New Jersey, United States. Manufactured by Intamin and designed by Werner Stengel, Kingda Ka opened as the in the world on May 21, 2005, surpassing Top Thrill Dragster. It is the second strata coaster ever built, exceeding 400 ft in height. Both were made with similar designs, although Kingda Ka's layout adds an airtime hill on the return portion of the track.

The ride features a hydraulic launch mechanism which accelerates the train to 128 mph in 3.5 seconds. Its top hat tower element stands at 456 ft, cementing Kingda Ka as the tallest roller coaster in the world, although its speed record was broken in 2010 by Formula Rossa at Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

History
On September 29, 2004, it was announced that Kingda Ka would be added to the Six Flags Great Adventure amusement park in 2005. This announcement occurred at an event held for roller coaster enthusiasts and the media. The event revealed the park's goal to build "the tallest and fastest roller coaster on earth", reaching 456 ft and accelerating up to 128 mi/h in 3.5 seconds. The ride would be part of the Golden Kingdom, an 11 acre themed area being developed at Six Flags Great Adventure. Six Flags CEO Kieran Burke said: "This is the first step in a process of really transforming Six Flags Great Adventure from the largest regional theme park in the world to a true regional destination."

Intamin subcontracted Stakotra to assist with construction. On January 13, 2005, workers completed Kingda Ka's tower with a topping out ceremony. For the ceremony, one 50-story crane was used to hoist two workers to the top of the ride; another crane lifted a 9000 lb steel beam, with an American flag, to the ride's pinnacle. The ride was still under construction when the park opened for the season in March 2005. The attraction was originally scheduled to open on April 23, 2005, but its opening was delayed to May 21, as the park stated that more time was needed to complete testing. A media event was held two days prior on May 19, 2005.

Upon its opening, Kingda Ka became the tallest and fastest roller coaster in the world, taking both world records from Top Thrill Dragster at Cedar Point. Intamin designed both Kingda Ka and Top Thrill Dragster, and the two share a similar design and layout that differs primarily by the theme and the additional hill featured on Kingda Ka. Both rides were built by Stakotra and installed by Martin & Vleminckx. Though Kingda Ka was popular among both the general public and roller coaster enthusiasts, its use of relatively new technology meant that Six Flags Great Adventure had to hire a dedicated maintenance team for the ride. Because of maintenance issues, the ride was closed for almost two months during its first season, and it was closed for an additional three weeks at the beginning of the 2006 season. Kingda Ka continued to be the world's fastest coaster until Formula Rossa at Ferrari World opened in November 2010.

On August 29, 2013, Six Flags Great Adventure officially announced Zumanjaro: Drop of Doom for the 2014 season. The new attraction was attached to the Kingda Ka coaster. The drop tower features three gondolas integrated into the existing structure which was also built by Intamin. Kingda Ka closed at the start of the 2014 season in order to construct Zumanjaro: Drop of Doom on to Kingda Ka. Kingda Ka reopened on weekends on Memorial Day Weekend and fully reopened when Zumanjaro: Drop of Doom was completed on July 4, 2014.

Queue
Guests pass under the jungle-themed entrance sign and enter the queue line, which is surrounded by bamboo, which augments the jungle-themed music that plays in the background. Along the way, there are safety and warning signs about the ride. Following a long straight section, guests turn left and head into a switchback section. Guests walk through some curved paths before entering the station.

Layout
After the train has been locked and checked, it moves slowly out of the station to the launch area, then passes through a switch track which allows four trains on two tracks to load simultaneously. When the signal is given to launch, the train rolls back slightly so that the catch car can latch on to the middle car, and the brakes retract on the launch track. As the brake fins are retracting, a recording announces: "Arms down, head back, hold on!" The train is launched approximately five seconds later.

When the train is in position, the hydraulic launch mechanism accelerates it from 0 to 128 mph in 3.5 seconds. The hydraulic launch motor is capable of producing 20,800 peak horsepower (15.5 MW). At the end of the launch track, the train climbs the main tower (top hat) and rolls 90 degrees to the right before reaching a height of 456 ft. It then descends 418 ft straight down through a 270-degree, clockwise spiral. It climbs the second hill of 129 ft, producing a moment of weightlessness before being smoothly brought to a stop by the magnetic brakes; it then makes a left-hand U-turn and enters the station. The ride lasts 28 seconds from the start of the launch. The track measures about 3118 ft long.

Trains and station
Kingda Ka's four trains are color-coded for easy identification (green, dark blue, teal, and orange) and are numbered; the four colors are also used for the seats and restraints. Each train seats 18 people (two per row). The rear car has one row, while the rest have two. The rear row of each car is positioned higher than its front row for better visibility. Kingda Ka's over-the-shoulder restraint system consists of a thick, rigid lap bar and two flexible over-the-shoulder restraints.

Kingda Ka's station has two parallel tracks with switch tracks at the entrance and exit. Each of the station's tracks is designed to accommodate two trains, so each of the four trains can be operated from its own station. Because all of Kingda Ka's trains are mechanically identical and able to load and unload at each of the four individual station bays, the original plan was for all trains to operate at the same time, and for each train to load and unload at its own station. Trains on one side would be loaded while trains on the other side would be launched with an employee directing riders in line to a particular side, where they could then choose to sit anywhere within the train.

Theme
Kingda Ka is located in the jungle-themed area of the park known as The Golden Kingdom. The ride portrays a mythical Bengal tiger named after one that was housed in the nearby Temple of the Tiger attraction, an interactive exhibit that was closed in 2010.

Rollbacks
A train may occasionally experience a rollback following a launch. A rollback occurs when the train fails to make it over the top of the tower and descends back down the side it was launched. Kingda Ka includes retractable magnetic brakes on its launch track to prevent a train from rolling back all the way into the loading station (and potentially colliding with the next about-to-be-launched train).

Incidents
On June 8, 2005, a bolt failed inside a trough through which the launch cable travels. This caused the liner to come loose, creating friction on the cable and preventing the train from accelerating to the correct speed. The cable rubbing against the trough caused sparks and shards of metal to fly out from the bottom of the train. The ride was closed for almost two months following the incident. Damage occurred to the launch cable, which was frayed and required replacement, including minor damage to seals and brake fins. The incident caused stress on a number of fins, and Six Flags did not have enough replacement fins. Extra brake fins had to be ordered from Intamin in Switzerland, and the ride had to undergo thorough testing following the repair. Kingda Ka reopened on August 4.

Kingda Ka was struck by lightning in May 2009 and suffered serious damage. The ride was closed for three months for repairs and reopened on August 21, 2009.

On August 27, 2011, Kingda Ka suffered unspecified damage shortly before Hurricane Irene, and Six Flags Great Adventure did not open. It is unknown whether additional damage occurred due to the storm, but the coaster was damaged to the extent that it could not run before Irene. Kingda Ka remained closed until the start of the 2012 operating season on April 5.

Shortly before 5:00p.m. on July 26, 2012, a young boy was sent to the hospital after suffering minor injuries from being struck by a bird during normal operation. The ride resumed normal operation shortly after the incident.

In 2019, a guest sued Six Flags and Intamin in U.S. federal court, claiming that tall riders could be subjected to "extreme speed and torqueing forces" and that the harnesses could also cause injuries. According to the guest, he had suffered multiple back injuries after riding Kingda Ka in 2017. This guest was 6 ft tall, three inches below the ride's posted height limit of 6 ft. Both Six Flags and Intamin filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit, which was partially granted and partially denied in 2020.

title: Kingda Ka


text:
Wahome Mutahi

Wahome Mutahi (24 October 1954 – 22 July 2003) was a humourist from Kenya. He was popularly known as Whispers after the name of the column he wrote for The Daily Nation from 1982 to 2003, offering a satirical view of the trials and tribulations of Kenyan life.

Beginnings
Mutahi was equally well known in theatre where he wrote and acted in English- and Kikuyu-language plays that caricatured Kenya's society and politics using his company Igiza Productions. There is a memorial bust of him at the Kenya National Theatre. Outside of Kenya, he wrote humour columns for Ugandan publications The Monitor and Lugambo.

Among his books are Three Days on the Cross which won the Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature (1992), Jail Bugs, Doomsday, and How To Be a Kenyan, based on his newspaper columns. Others include The Miracle Merchants, Mr Canta, Hassan the Genie, The Ghost of Garba Tula and Just Wait and See.

Arrest
In 1986 Mutahi was arrested with his brother Njuguna Mutahi and detained in the infamous Nyayo House torture chambers in Nairobi. He was charged with sedition and alleged association with the underground Mwakenya Movement and later transferred to Kamiti Maximum Security Prison. They were both released after fifteen months without ever being brought to trial. His imprisonment inspired him to write Three Days on the Cross and Jail bugs.

Health
In early 2003 Mutahi underwent what was supposed to be a routine, minor and painless operation at the Thika District Hospital to remove a lipoma from his back. He had been assured by a surgeon friend, who had offered to do the operation, that the procedure would take less than 15 minutes. Possibly because of a blunder by the anaesthesiologist, he went into a coma from which he never awoke. His family was waiting for his condition to improve before they could fly him to London for corrective neurosurgery.

Death
Mutahi died on 22 July 2003 at the Kenyatta National Hospital after 137 days in a coma. All his life he expressed his solidarity with the average Kenyan through his refrain: "I am neither too foolish nor too clever."

Legacy
By the time Whispers died, he had grown into a formidable art form. In the mainstream press, both The Standard and The Nation have attempted to "reincarnate" Whispers through surrogate writers. Benson Riungu reintroduced "Benson's World", written along the lines of Whispers in the Sunday Standard after Mutahi's death. The Sunday Nation tried the "Whispers" column with a new writer but it never worked. However, the style of expression developed over the years by Mutahi in Whispers is still best expressed in politics through humour, satire and the use of certain widely diffused iconographic imagery. In 2009, the Sunday Nation introduced another humour column, Staffroom Diary, written by a Mwalimu Andrew — which is today widely regarded as the best humour writing in Kenya after Whispers. It is a humorous story about the experiences of Mwalimu Andrew, a Primary school teacher in rural Kenya. The teacher also studies at Kenyatta University which enables him to write on humour both in the village and in town. Mwalimu Andrew style is a little different from Whispers' in the sense that his anecdotes are stories that lead from one episode to another, all of them humorous. The column is very popular especially among teachers countrywide and is also published in Citizen newspaper, Tanzania. It is not yet known who writes Staffroom Diary, nor is it clear whether he is indeed a primary school teacher or a creative writer – but is seen as the best replacement of Whispers.

His family has started the Wahome Mutahi memorial trust to further his work especially humour and theatre. In addition, the Kenya Publishers Association started the bi-annual Wahome Mutahi award for literature, in his honour in 2005.

A book analysing Wahome Mutahi's works titled Wahome Mutahi's World was published and edited by Herve Maupeuand Patrick Mutahi.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wahome Mutahi


text:
Kunabi Sena

Kunabi Sena is a political party in based in Thane District in the Mid-North Konkan or Maharashtra Konkan in Maharashtra state.

The Kunabi Sena advocates for the interests of the Kunabi community, a developing caste. It is allied with the Communist Party of India (Marxist), with whom they have coordinated peasant struggles for land and water rights. Together with CPI(M) they have protested constructions of GAIL's gas pipeline through Thane.

The party has also demanded the formation of a Konkan state, consisting of the Thane, Raigad, Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg Districts.

The founding president of the Kunabi Sena is Vishwanath Patil.

The party is now part of the ruling alliance of Thane District Zilla Parishad (County government) in an alliance with the Nationalist Congress Party and the Shiv Sena; these latter two represent hardline Maharashtrian interests and are opposed to a separate Konkan State.

title: Kunabi Sena


text:
List of settlements in Zakynthos

This is a list of settlements in Zakynthos, Greece.

 * Agalas
 * Agia Marina
 * Agioi Pantes
 * Agios Dimitrios
 * Agios Kirykos
 * Agios Leontas
 * Alikanas
 * Ampelokipoi
 * Anafonitria
 * Ano Gerakari
 * Ano Volimes
 * Argasi
 * Bochali
 * Exo Chora
 * Fiolitis
 * Gaitani
 * Galaro
 * Gyri
 * Kalamaki
 * Kalipado
 * Kallithea
 * Katastari
 * Kato Gerakari
 * Keri
 * Koiliomenos
 * Korithi
 * Kypseli
 * Lagkadakia
 * Lagopodo
 * Lithakia
 * Loucha
 * Machairado
 * Maries
 * Meso Gerakari
 * Mouzaki
 * Orthonies
 * Pantokratoras
 * Pigadakia
 * Planos
 * Romiri
 * Sarakinado
 * Skoulikado
 * Tragaki
 * Vanato
 * Vasilikos
 * Volimes
 * Vougiato
 * Zakynthos (city)

title: List of settlements in Zakynthos


text:
List of radio stations in Jakarta

This is a list of online and AM/FM Jakarta radio stations, Indonesia, and their frequencies.

Call letter is shown to distinguish some radio stations from their regional counterparts (for example Radio Elshinta in Jakarta and Bandung). Indonesia uses call letter for FM radio stations.

Jakarta Metropolitan Area
These radio stations serve satellite cities of Jabodetabek; they may have their broadcasts received in only parts of Jakarta. The frequencies of the stations have been deliberately designed not to overlap with radio stations at Jakarta.

AM (kHz)

 * 666 Radio Nam Nam Nam
 * 756 Radio Rodja
 * 828 Radio Berita Klasik
 * 999 RRI (National Radio) Pro-3 (Transmitter moved to Bandung, West Java) (off air)
 * 1026 Suara Khatulistiwa
 * 693 Radio Muara
 * 1062 Radio Cendrawasih
 * 1134 Radio Safari
 * 1098 Radio UNTAR - Universitas Tarumanagara (VOMS)(www.radiountar.com)
 * 1224 Radio SDK Sang Timur Jakarta (off air)
 * 1332 RRI (National Radio) Pro-4 (INACTIVE) (off air)
 * 1494 Broadcast Indonesia Network 3 (Radio Angkatan Bersenjata (Radio Suara Jakarta))
 * 1602 kHz CND Quick Fact

title: List of radio stations in Jakarta


text:
Toe loop jump

The toe loop jump is the simplest jump in the sport of figure skating. It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes. The toe loop is accomplished with a forward approach on the inside edge of the blade; the skater then switches to a backward-facing position before their takeoff, which is accomplished from the skater's right back outside edge and left toepick. The jump is exited from the back outside edge of the same foot. It is often added to more difficult jumps during combinations and is the most common second jump performed in combinations. It is also the most commonly attempted jump.

History
The toe loop jump is the simplest of the six jumps in the sport of figure skating. It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes, who might have also invented the flip jump. In competitions, the base value of a single toe loop is 0.40; the base value of a double toe loop is 1.30; the base value of a triple toe loop is 4.20; and the base value of a quadruple toe loop is 9.50.

Technique
The toe loop is considered the simplest jump because not only do skaters use their toe-picks to execute it, their hips are already facing the direction in which they will rotate. The toe loop is the easier jump to add multiple rotations to because the toe-assisted takeoff adds power to the jump and because a skater can turn their body toward the assisting foot at takeoff, which slightly reduces the rotation needed in the air. It is often added to more difficult jumps during combinations and is the most common second jump performed in combinations. It is also the most commonly attempted jump, as well as "the most commonly cheated on take off jump", or a jump in which the first rotation starts on the ice rather than in the air. Adding a toe loop to combination jumps does not increase the difficulty of skaters' short or free skating programs.

According to figure skating researcher Deborah King and her colleagues, the toe loop jump can be divided into four key events and three phases. The key events are: the toe-pick, or the moment the skater places their toepick into the ice; the take-off, or the last contact they make with the ice; the jump's maximum height; and the landing, or the moment the skater returns to the ice. The three phases are: the approach, which begins when the skater initiates the three turn entering into the jump and ends when they initiate the toe-pick; propulsion, which begins at the toe-pick and ends at take-off; and flight, which begins at take-off and ends at landing.

A skater initiates the toe loop with a forward approach on the inside edge of the blade, then switches to a backward-facing position before its takeoff, which is accomplished from their right back outside edge and left toepick. The jump is exited from the back outside edge of the same foot. The skater approaches the right back outside edge of their skate from the landing of a previous jump when done in combination, from the right back outside edge from a right forward inside-to-right back outside three turn, or from a left forward outside-left back inside three turn followed by a change of foot. After completing the three turn, the skater reaches their free leg behind them and slightly outside the direction they are traveling, much like a pole-vaulter. Then they place the left toepick in the ice with the opposite foot they will use to make the landing, and jump while pulling the right leg back and around the left and reaching forward and around with the right arm and shoulder, thus achieving the rotation. They draw their arms into the body for the desired number of rotations. They should face forward, with their free leg approximately parallel to their take-off foot and with their arms as close to their body as possible, which results in keeping their arms and legs close to their bodies and remain in tight rotating positions at the moment of take-off, helping them attain faster rotational velocities in the air.

King and her colleagues, when they studied quadruple toe loop jumps at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, counted 71 attempted quadruple toe loop jumps or quadruple toe-loop combination jumps. Of those, there were 33 quadruple toe loops performed not in combination with other jumps, 13 of which were landed cleanly, without a fall, without the skater touching a hand down on the ice, or without stepping out of the landing onto the other foot. They also found that "the most significant aspect" for completing toe loop jumps was the ability to increase rotational velocity while in the air. King also found that skaters who performed quadruple toe loops began to rotate their shoulders earlier than in triples, so that by the time they completed their toe-pick, their hips and shoulders were more aligned about their longitudinal axes. As a result, their hips and shoulders turned more uniformly during the propulsion phase of the jump. Vertical take-off velocity, however, was higher for both quadruple and triple toe loops, resulting in "higher jumps and more time in the air to complete the extra revolution for the quadruple toe-loop".

title: Toe loop jump


text:
Template:Magic COTW candidate

''This article has been nominated as a possible Magic Collaboration of the Week. To add your support, go to its listing.''

title: Template:Magic COTW candidate


text:
Category:Vocal music

Articles relating to vocal music, a type of singing performed by one or more singers, either with instrumental accompaniment, or without instrumental accompaniment (a cappella), in which singing provides the main focus of the piece.

title: Category:Vocal music


text:
The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (song)

"The Hand That Rocks the Cradle" is a song written by Ted Harris and recorded by American country music artists Glen Campbell and Steve Wariner. It was released in May 1987 as the first single from Campbell's album Still Within the Sound of My Voice. The song reached number 6 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

title: The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (song)


text:
Fort Bovisand

Fort Bovisand is a fort in Devon, England near the beach of Bovisand. It was built as a result of the Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom which reported in 1860. It is located on the mainland to defend the entrance of Plymouth Sound, at the narrows opposite the east end of Plymouth Breakwater. The fort is beside Bovisand harbour.

History
In 1816, a stone jetty and slip were built for boats from sailing warships anchored in Plymouth Sound to collect fresh water from the nearby reservoir.

In 1845, the first fort at the site, named Staddon Height Battery, was started. It still exists in the upper part of the present fort.

Work started on the main part of the fort in 1861. Originally intended to have two stories of casemates like Fort Picklecombe, the design was altered during construction to a single storey of 23 granite casemates with armoured shields. It was designed by Major (later Maj Gen) Whitworth Porter, and was built by George Baker and Company. The casemates were arranged in an arc and initially housed 22 9-inch Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RMLs) and one 10-inch RML gun, with accommodation for 180 men. Underground there are large deep tunnels to store artillery ammunition safe from enemy gunfire. It was completed in 1869.

By 1880, the armament included 14 10-inch and nine 9-inch RML guns. By 1893 it mounted 14 10 inch Rifled Muzzle Loading Guns, eight 9-inch Rifled Muzzle Loading (RML) guns and six 6 Pounder Quick Firing (QF) guns. In 1898 Six 12-pounder quick-firing guns were installed. By the early 1900s the original armament was obsolete and was removed.

In 1942, the remaining four 12-pounders were replaced by two twin 6-pounders, to combat E-boats. A three-storey observation tower to direct the fire of these was built at the same time. The following year a Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft gun was installed.

On the dissolution of coast artillery in 1956, the Ministry of Defence abandoned the fort. In 1970, a lease was granted and the fort was converted into a national commercial diving school and scuba diving centre.

About the mid-1970s to at least the early 1990s, the fort at the top of the headland (above the coastal path) was used as a schools outdoor activity centre. The upper fort's magazine and various other buildings were converted to be used as basic bunk houses, kitchen and dining area. The cottage was used as a toilet and shower block and a lounge and staff accommodation.

By 2000, the main leaseholder — Fort Bovisand Underwater Centre — had liquidated, but other diving services continued trading. Months of argument continued about the status of the leases and viability of existing businesses based there.

In December 2000, Plymouth Ocean Projects Ltd. went into receivership. As a result, the owners (the Ministry of Defence) decided it was no longer possible to keep the site functioning, and the remaining diving and other firms trading there ceased operations.

In mid 2004, after these businesses failed, the site was bought from the Public Receiver by Powder Creek Ltd (now known as Fort Bovisand Developments Ltd), and company majority owned by Greg Dyke, ex-Director General of the BBC, with the aim of saving the site and bringing it back to life.

By late 2004, Fort Bovisand was home to Discovery Divers.

In 2011, after examining a number of options, the Fort Bovisand Trust was formed (a registered charitable body) to take forward proposals for a heritage attraction and a bid to the Heritage Lottery Fund. Proposals were for a mixed scheme of the heritage centre, diving business, and some residential units.

In 2013, the Fort Bovisand Trust gained award of a development grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund to progress plans for a heritage visitor attraction and learning centre.

The visitor attraction proposal was unfortunately unsuccessful in receiving a full delivery grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund - being beaten to first place by the Concorde Museum at Filton, Bristol. However, both Historic England and South Hams District Council remained keen to see the site saved and brought back into use, and, working with the developers, subsequently granted approval for additional residential units along with catering and commercial units.

Preparation works and additional surveying operations were conducted in 2019, with works to stabilise the cliffs and the access road, in order to secure access to the fort and also to the adjacent private residences, carried out during 2020.

Work to deliver the first stage of the new development commenced in early 2021 and should be completed in late 2023.

title: Fort Bovisand


text:
Gonzaga College High School

Gonzaga College High School is a private Catholic college-preparatory high school for boys in Washington, D.C. Founded by the Jesuits in 1821 as the Washington Seminary, Gonzaga is named in honor of Aloysius Gonzaga, an Italian saint from the 16th century. Gonzaga is the oldest boys' high school in Washington, D.C.

History
Gonzaga was officially founded by Fr. Anthony Kohlmann, a Jesuit, in 1821, though there is some evidence the school began a few years earlier. It is the oldest educational facility in the original federal city of Washington and was at first called Washington Seminary, operating under the charter of Georgetown College (now Georgetown University), which was becoming too crowded for its space at the time. Gonzaga's original location was on land offered to the Society of Jesus by William Matthews on F Street near 10th Street, N.W., in a building adjoining Saint Patrick's Church. The purpose of this school was to train seminarians, but soon after opening, it began admitting lay students. The school was immediately popular among Catholic families and was well enough known in its early years to attract the attention of President John Quincy Adams, who visited the school to test the boys' Latin and Greek. However, there were financial problems that caused the Jesuits to withdraw in 1827: their order prohibited the charging of tuition at a day school for youth. It continued to be run by laity until the Jesuits returned some twenty years later (with the ordinance regarding tuition changed); President Zachary Taylor presided at the commencement exercises in 1849.

In 1858, Gonzaga was granted its own charter by Congress as a college empowered to confer degrees in the arts and sciences, which accounts for its name (Gonzaga College) to this day. Although some students did receive bachelor's degrees in the 19th century, Gonzaga no longer confers degrees, other than honorary doctorates presented to commencement speakers or other notable guests. In 1871, the school moved to a building (now called Kohlmann Hall) in a neighborhood called Swampoodle located just north of the U.S. Capitol. It was located on the same block as St. Aloysius Church – built in 1859 and now on the U.S. Register of Historic Buildings with a high Roman Catholic population surrounding it. Enrollment declined owing to the distance of the new neighborhood from the center, but the Jesuits persevered and by the end of the 19th century the school was once again flourishing. A theater was built in 1896 and a large new classroom building (previously the Main Building and now called Dooley Hall) was opened in 1912.

John Gabriel Smith, Gonzaga's first African-American graduate, entered the school in 1951. He wanted to prepare to be a priest and none of the schools for black children offered the necessary prerequisites, including Latin. When he decided to try out for the varsity football team, the school was unable to schedule games against public schools, which were still segregated at the time. He was ultimately prevented from playing by an injury. He graduated in 1954.

The curriculum of Gonzaga from its founding until the late 20th century was at once rigorously classical and emphatically Catholic. Mastery of Latin and deep involvement in the Catholic religion were at its core. Standards were high, and many hopeful boys who lacked the necessary qualities for success were denied admittance. To this day, Gonzaga admits approximately one third of applicants.

Gonzaga benefited greatly from the fact that the row houses built in Swampoodle were largely occupied by Irish Catholics from the late 19th century on. Although Gonzaga always drew students from other parts of the city as well, the departure of the Swampoodle Irish for the suburbs in the mid-20th century, and more especially their replacement by poorer non-Catholics, brought on another period of difficulties. A decline in enrollment and the great inner-city riot of 1968 led some to suggest that Gonzaga should be closed, or moved to a more affluent area. However, the Jesuits once again persisted and the school survived. In the last years of the 20th century Gonzaga expanded, adding several new buildings and a large playing field and field house. By 2007 Gonzaga had regained its former status and a Wall Street Journal editorial referred to it as "the premier Catholic high school of Washington."

St. Aloysius
St. Aloysius is a parish church physically attached to Gonzaga through the entrance building Dooley Hall. The church was built in 1859. It is used for Masses, concerts, some school assemblies, and graduation. The large painting above the altar is the work of Constantino Brumidi, famous for painting the frescoes on the interior of the United States Capitol dome.

Athletics

Gonzaga's athletic teams are called the Eagles. Gonzaga fields seventeen different varsity teams, most of which compete in the Washington Catholic Athletic Conference.

The Gonzaga soccer team won four consecutive WCAC championships from 2007 to 2010, and is consistently one of the best teams in the Washington area. They added additional championships in 2012, 2016, and 2017, beating national powerhouse DeMatha Catholic in each.

Gonzaga rugby has won 12 consecutive Potomac Rugby Union Championships and finished the 2010 season ranked #2 in the nation. In the middle of the 2011 season, Gonzaga beat the #1 ranked team in the nation and rival, Xavier, and became the #1 team in the nation. During the 2011 National Championship in Salt Lake City, Utah, Gonzaga finished 3rd. The Eagles won the High School Rugby National Championship in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018. In 2023, Eye St Rugby won their 5th National Championship, and received the newly named Lee Kelly Memorial Cup, named in honor of long time Gonzaga coach Lee Kelly.

The Gonzaga crew team won the Stotesbury Cup Regatta on the Schuylkill River, Philadelphia in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016. Runner up years include: 2009, 2017, 2018, and 2023.

Out of the past 17 seasons (2000-2016) Gonzaga Cross Country has finished in first, second, or third place in the WCAC Championship race every time. The team won the WCAC championship in 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2012. Additionally, in 2010 the Gonzaga Cross Country team won the "triple crown" with first-place finishes in the WCAC Championship, the MD/DC Private/Independent Schools Championship, and the Jesuit Championship. The Eagles XC squad has won the Jesuit Championships in 1987, 2002, 2009, 2010, and 2016. The team also added their first victory at the DC State Championships during the 2016 season. 2016 marked another milestone for Gonzaga Cross Country. The JV Boys team managed to complete the "triple crown", winning the JV WCAC Championship, the JV MD/DC Private/Independent Schools Championship, and the JV Jesuit Championship.

Varsity 2 hockey won their respective Mid Atlantic Prep Hockey League (MAPHL) “A” league in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Varsity 1 hockey won their “AA” division in 2017 and 2018. Gonzaga is the first school in MAPHL history to have a back-to-back sweep of both divisions in two consecutive years. In the 2018–2019 season, Varsity 1 defeated Spaulding 5–1 to win their third straight MAPHL AA championship, a huge accomplishment for a team with two freshman goalies that year.

Buchanan Field is the home field for football and lacrosse and also serves as the practice facility for rugby, soccer and track and field. The Carmody Center hosts basketball and select wrestling matches. Old Gym is the wrestling home match site. The Fort Dupont Ice Arena hosts ice hockey games. Gravelly Point is the home grounds for rugby matches and Long Bridge Park is the home facility for soccer games. The game and practice venue for baseball is located at the Washington Nationals Youth Academy.

Notable faculty

 * Joseph A. Canning, president of Loyola College in Maryland
 * Rev. William F. Troy, President of Wheeling Jesuit University

Academia

 * Thomas R. Fitzgerald, S.J., sixth president of Fairfield University and the 30th president of Saint Louis University
 * Jesse Mann, emeritus of philosophy at Georgetown University
 * Arthur A. O'Leary, S.J., president of Georgetown University (1935–1942)

Arts and entertainment

 * Michael J. Bobbitt, playwright, director, choreographer (Class of 1990)
 * David Costabile, actor (Class of 1985)
 * Owen Danoff, musician and contestant on The Voice (Class of 2007)
 * Demetrius Grosse, actor (Class of 1999)
 * Brian Hallisay, actor (Class of 1996)
 * John Heard, actor (Class of 1964)

Athletes

 * Johnson Bademosi, NFL cornerback (Class of 2008)
 * Nate Britt, professional basketball player, attended but transferred before graduating.
 * Mike Banner, professional soccer player, played for SIU-Edwardsville (Class of 2002)
 * Colin Cloherty, NFL tight end (Class of 2005)
 * Curome Cox, NFL safety for Denver Broncos (Class of 1999)
 * Robert Churchwell, NBA player for the Golden State Warriors. (Class of 1990)
 * Olu Fashanu, NFL offensive tackle for New York Jets
 * A. J. Francis, NFL defensive tackle (Class of 2008)
 * Billy Glading, Lacrosse All-American and midfielder for the Chesapeake Bayhawks (MLL) (Class of 1999)
 * Ian Harkes, professional soccer player, Hermann Trophy winner (Class of 2013)
 * Joey Haynos, NFL tight end for Miami Dolphins (Class of 2003)
 * Darryl Hill, first African American football player at Naval Academy and in Atlantic Coast Conference (Maryland, Class of 1960)
 * Kevin Hogan, NFL quarterback (Class of 2011)
 * Kris Jenkins, forward for Villanova Wildcats, 2016 national champions (Class of 2013)
 * Cam Johnson, NFL player for Cleveland Browns (Class of 2008)
 * Malcolm Johnson, Notre Dame and NFL wide receiver
 * Jon Morris, NFL player for New England Patriots (Class of 1960)
 * Roman Oben, NFL player for San Diego Chargers and Super Bowl champion with Tampa Bay Buccaneers (Class of 1990)
 * Paul Sheehy, rugby player for USA Eagles at 1991 Rugby World Cup (Class of 1981)
 * Tom Sluby, NBA player for Dallas Mavericks (Class of 1980)
 * John Thompson III, basketball head coach at Georgetown University 2004-17 (Class of 1984)
 * Tyler Thornton, former professional basketball player and current assistant coach for the Howard Bison
 * Caleb Williams, NFL quarterback for Chicago Bears and Heisman Trophy recipient

Business

 * Thomas W. Farley, president of the NYSE Group, including the New York Stock Exchange (Class of 1993)
 * Jim Kimsey, co-founder of America Online, attended but dismissed and attended St. John's College High School

Journalism and publishing

 * Bob Considine, journalist and author
 * Pat Conroy, author, attended but did not graduate
 * Joseph Ellis, Pulitzer Prize-winning author and history professor at Mount Holyoke College (Class of 1961)
 * Michael Kelly, Washington Post columnist, editor of The New Republic, and editor-at-large of The Atlantic Monthly (Class of 1975)
 * Lance Morrow, journalist and writer for Time magazine (Class of 1958)
 * Peter Ruehl, columnist for Australian Financial Review

Military

 * Brigadier General John M. K. Davis, commander of Artillery districts during the Spanish–American War (Class of 1858)
 * Major General John R. Ewers Jr., USMC, Staff Judge Advocate to the Commandant (Class of 1977)
 * Navy SEAL Lieutenant Commander Erik S. Kristensen who died while fighting in Afghanistan (Class of 1990)
 * Air Force General John M. Loh, Air Force vice chief of staff and commander of Air Combat Command, Fighter Pilot with 200 combat missions in Vietnam War (Class of 1956)
 * Captain Humbert Roque "Rocky" Versace, United States, POW, Medal of Honor recipient, Pentagon Hall of Heroes inductee, Ranger Hall of Fame inductee (Class of 1955)

Politics and law

 * James A. Belson, former District of Columbia judge (Class of 1949)
 * William Bennett, author, radio host, former Secretary of Education, and first "drug czar" of the United States (Class of 1961)
 * Don Beyer, Congressman for Virginia’s 8th congressional district, former Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, U.S. ambassador to Switzerland and Liechtenstein (Class of 1968)
 * Pat Buchanan, Republican Party presidential candidate (1992, 1996), Reform Party presidential candidate (2000), author, and syndicated columnist (Class of 1956)
 * Ken Cuccinelli, former Attorney General of Virginia, former Virginia State Senator, 37th District (Class of 1986)
 * Lawrence Hogan, father of Governor of Maryland Larry Hogan and former United States Representative for Maryland's 5th congressional district (Class of 1946)
 * Patrick N. Hogan, former member, Maryland House of Delegates (Class of 1997)
 * Martin O'Malley, former Governor of Maryland and former Mayor of Baltimore (Class of 1981)
 * Ben Quayle, former United States Representative for Arizona's 3rd congressional district (Class of 1994)
 * William Nathaniel Roach, U.S. Senator from North Dakota
 * Charles L. Schultze, former chairman, United States Council of Economic Advisers, Bronze Star recipient, Purple Heart recipient, World War II (Class of 1942)
 * Steve Shannon, Virginia House of Delegates, 35th District, attended, did not graduate
 * Zachary Somers, Judge, United States Court of Federal Claims (Class of 1997)
 * Judge E. Gregory Wells, Appellate Court of Maryland, 2019-, Chief Judge, 2022-, Formerly a judge of the Circuit Court of Calvert County, Maryland and the District Court of Maryland. (Class of 1979).

Science

 * Elliott Coues (1842-1899), physician, ornithologist, mammalogist. Coues white tail deer is named for him.
 * B. Alvin Drew, United States Air Force captain, NASA astronaut (Class of 1980)
 * James Pilling (1846–1895), pioneer ethnologist who compiled extensive bibliographies on Native American languages and culture

Others

 * David Herold, hanged for participation in Lincoln's assassination
 * Eric O'Neill, former FBI operative who played a major role in the arrest and conviction of FBI agent Robert Hanssen for spying

title: Gonzaga College High School


text:
User:Vancegloster

I am by profession a computer scientist, having worked on NASA stuff at Edwards AFB, Artificial Intelligence products at Inference Corp., Anti-virus and Firewall products at Symantec/Peter Norton, and Encryption products at MicroVault and NetCourier Inc. I'm currently employed at Earthlink rewriting their email backend. - In my errant youth I was a professional musician (keyboards) for a few years, and have continued to work as a small-time record since then producer. I have also written and recorded the score for one film. I took up the Chapman Stick in recent years, and am the listowner of a maillist for Chapman Stick players, Stickwire-L.

I am passionate about progressive rock, Johann Sebastian Bach, synth pop, Stravinsky, Jimmy Webb, Alberto Ginastera, Frank Zappa and Yoko Kanno. Having grown up in Reno, Nevada, I find that in my youth I got enough country music to last me a lifetime, and my ability to appreciate it today is severely limited. These days I live in the Los Angeles area.

title: User:Vancegloster


text:
Whispering gallery

A whispering gallery is usually a circular, hemispherical, elliptical or ellipsoidal enclosure, often beneath a dome or a vault, in which whispers can be heard clearly in other parts of the gallery. Such galleries can also be set up using two parabolic dishes. Sometimes the phenomenon is detected in caves.

Theory
A whispering gallery is most simply constructed in the form of a circular wall, and allows whispered communication from any part of the internal side of the circumference to any other part. The sound is carried by waves, known as whispering-gallery waves, that travel around the circumference clinging to the walls, an effect that was discovered in the whispering gallery of St Paul's Cathedral in London. The extent to which the sound travels at St Paul's can also be judged by clapping in the gallery, which produces four echoes. Other historical examples  are the Gol Gumbaz mausoleum in Bijapur, India and the Echo Wall of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. A hemispherical enclosure will also guide whispering gallery waves. The waves carry the words so that others will be able to hear them from the opposite side of the gallery.

The gallery may also be in the form of an ellipse or ellipsoid, with an accessible point at each focus. In this case, when a visitor stands at one focus and whispers, the line of sound emanating from this focus reflects directly to the focus at the other end of the gallery, where the whispers may be heard. In a similar way, two large concave parabolic dishes, serving as acoustic mirrors, may be erected facing each other in a room or outdoors to serve as a whispering gallery, a common feature of science museums. Egg-shaped galleries, such as the Golghar Granary at Bankipore, and irregularly shaped smooth-walled galleries in the form of caves, such as the Ear of Dionysius in Syracuse, also exist.

India

 * The Gol Gumbaz in Bijapur, India.
 * The Golghar Granary in Bankipore, India.
 * The Victoria Memorial in Kolkata.

United Kingdom

 * St Paul's Cathedral in London is the place where whispering-gallery waves were first discovered by Lord Rayleigh c. 1878.
 * The library of Dollar Academy in Scotland.
 * The entrance gallery of the Aston Webb Great Hall at the University of Birmingham.
 * Hamilton Mausoleum in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, Scotland.
 * Gloucester Cathedral has a whispering gallery.
 * The Berkeley Wetherspoons Bristol has a whispering gallery.

United States

 * The Battle House Hotel in Mobile, Alabama has a whispering arch in the front lobby
 * Cincinnati Union Terminal rotunda
 * The Elijah P. Lovejoy Monument in Alton, IL, dedicated to the martyred abolitionist.
 * Grand Central Terminal in New York City: a landing amid the Oyster Bar ramps, in front of the Oyster Bar restaurant
 * The library inside Hammond Castle Museum in Gloucester, Massachusetts.
 * The Mapparium at The Mary Baker Eddy Library in Boston, Massachusetts allows visitors to enter the interior of a reflecting surface forming a nearly complete sphere
 * A whispering gallery can be found on the main floor of the Museum of Science and Industry (Chicago)
 * Statuary Hall in the United States Capitol.
 * Salt Lake Tabernacle in Salt Lake City, Utah
 * Curved stone benches on either side of the Smith Memorial Arch in Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
 * Centennial fountain in front of Green Library at Stanford University in California.
 * The rotunda of the Texas State Capitol and the Missouri State Capitol.
 * Gates Circle, Buffalo, New York.
 * The Whispering Arch in St. Louis Union Station
 * Charles Stover Bench, Central Park, New York, New York
 * Waldo Hutchins Bench, Central Park, New York, New York
 * Center of the Universe, Tulsa, Oklahoma

Other parts of the world

 * Barossa Reservoir, Williamstown, South Australia.
 * Cathedral of Brasília in Brazil.
 * Martello towers.
 * The Echo Wall in the Temple of Heaven in Beijing.
 * Masjed-e Imam in Esfahān, Iran.
 * Basilica of St. John Lateran, Rome.
 * Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence Cathedral
 * The Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem.
 * Leaning Tower of Nevyansk, Sverdlovsk Oblast.
 * Selimiye Mosque in Edirne, Turkey.
 * St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City.
 * Monument to the Negev Brigade in Beersheba, Israel.
 * The Salle des Caryatides in the Louvre, Paris, France.
 * The Treasury of Atreus, Greece
 * Secret's Chamber in El Escorial in Madrid, Spain.
 * The Whispering Gallery in the Alhambra in Granada, Spain.
 * Cleopatra's Bath in the Siwa Oasis, Egypt.
 * Ear of Dionysius cave in Syracuse, Sicily.
 * Meštrović Pavilion in Zagreb, Croatia
 * Royal BC Museum in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
 * Sacred Heart Cathedral, Wellington, New Zealand
 * The Whispering Arch (Flüsterbogen) in Görlitz, Germany.
 * Piazza Mercanti, Milan street
 * Whispering walls, Bologna, Italy
 * Whispering Wall in Kings Park, Western Australia
 * Banco dos Namorados (Lovers' bench) in Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

In science
The term whispering gallery has been borrowed in the physical sciences to describe other forms of whispering-gallery waves such as light or matter waves.

title: Whispering gallery


text:
User:Chrisblore

I'm 18 and live in Billericay, UK. I am studying law at the University of Exeter and used to attend KEGS, in Chelmsford.

I have spent a considerable amount of time in Austria visiting my relations (Styria, Salzburg and Vienna) and Germany (Stuttgart, Backnang and Hamburg) so I am fluent in German and near-fluent in French so if you require any Wiki translations, you know where to ask!

Check out some of my recent contributions

Some of my current favourite articles and ones that I am working on include:

 * Mozilla Firefox
 * Treaty of Frankfurt

Here is my /Welcome template

title: User:Chrisblore


text:
User:Stefanbs (usurped)

Hello.

I am a Seventh-day Adventist pastor in Bermuda. I used to live in the UK for about 17 years, though I was born in Germany. I have a degrees in Human Biology, Neuroscience, and Theology. My interests are media communications, travelling, photography, bikes, and a good book with cup of hot chocolate. I'm (currently) in my 40's, married, two kids, no dog/cat/goldfish/other pets. According to my wife, I spend too much time with the computer.

This is a great project. I have (so far) contributed to
 * Seventh-day Adventist Church
 * Vicarius Filii Dei
 * Vergangenheitsbewältigung.

title: User:Stefanbs (usurped)


text:
User talk:Lo-peach

Chen Duxiu's background and personalities

An outstanding philosopher and politician. Chen started studying with his rigorous grandfather since he was 5. He was brilliant and inqusitive. He has a critical mind and seldom conform to the long-established thinkings and traditions.

He knew Chinese, English, French and Japanese pretty well and his writings were superb. Unluckily, those works were not widely appreciated. He was a fair and selfless person. He was frank, outspoken and agile. However, somehow he was stubborn and lacked family concepts. He also had a bad temper which made it less easy for people to get along with him.

Chen had an elevated mind. Once he had a chance to become rich but he simply waived it. At that time, Chen's uncle was very rich. He had considerable amount of fields, luxurious houses and silver trade. After his uncle's death, he became the only legal successor of all the properties. Yet, he just said nothing belonged to him and cared nothing about the assets of his uncle and any physical properties.

What Chen focused on was something more conceptual. After China's defeat in the Sino-Japanese War in 1894, he was determined to save China. He then actively participated in the revolutionary activities held by those leaders like Kang Yauwei and Liang Qichou. In the early 20th century, he even founded patriotic revolutionary organizations to advocate the need of innovative political reforms and the urgency to rescue China.

title: User talk:Lo-peach


text:
Traction

Traction may refer to:

Engineering

 * Forces:
 * Traction (engineering), adhesive friction or force
 * Traction vector, in mechanics, the force per unit area on a surface, including normal and shear components
 * Traction motor, an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, for example a car or a locomotive
 * Railway electric traction, the use of electric motors to propel rail cars
 * Traction engine, a self-propelled steam engine

Other uses

 * Traction (agency), San Francisco-based interactive advertising agency
 * Traction (orthopedics), a set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the skeletal system
 * Traction (organization), a non-profit activism organization in North Carolina
 * Traction (album), by New Zealand band Supergroove
 * Traction TeamPage, a commercial blog/wiki software platform
 * Traction (The Batman), 2nd episode of The Batman
 * Traction (geology), a process which transports bed load through a channel

title: Traction


text:
Category:Menominee County, Michigan

Articles related to Menominee County in the U.S. state of Michigan.

title: Category:Menominee County, Michigan


text:
Swampoodle (Washington, D.C.)

Swampoodle was a neighborhood in Washington, D.C. on the border of Northwest and Northeast in the second half of 19th and early 20th century. This neighborhood is no longer known as Swampoodle and has been replaced in large part by NoMa.

Geography
A geographic approximation can only be evaluated as it was never clearly defined. Originally, the northeastern part of Washington, D.C. above Judiciary Square was known as "English Hill" from E Street NE/NW on the South and 4th Street NW on the west all the way to Boundary Road. It was a rural area with almost no buildings and gravel sidewalks. This original settlement contracted to the area bordered by 4th Street NW, 1st NW, E Street NE/NW, H Street NE/NW. "Swampoodle" was the name of a smaller settlement along H Street between North Capitol Street and 1st NE but extended to take a big part of "English Hill".

Later on, its borders contracted to K Street NE to the North, G Street NE to the South, 2nd Street NW to the West, and 2nd Street NE to the East. Through the center of it ran the principal branch of Tiber Creek running between North Capitol Street and 1st Street NE.

The origin of the name "Swampoodle" is believed to come from a newspaper reporter covering the ground-breaking of the Roman Catholic St. Aloysius Church in 1857, who referred to the land at the site at the intersection of North Capitol and I Street as containing numerous swamps and puddles that often occurred when Tiber Creek overflowed its banks.

History
Swampoodle developed during the second half of the 19th century, providing a place of refuge for emigrants following the Great Famine of Ireland that devastated Ireland between 1845 and 1849.

The area east of North Capitol Street remained undeveloped until the 1870s. The development of west of North Capitol started developing in the 1850s with two major construction projects. In 1856, the first Government Printing Office building was built on the southeastern corner of Square 624 and the following year, H Street was grated and graveled between New Jersey Avenue and North Capitol.

In 1859, St. Aloysius Catholic Church is built at 19 I Street NE on square 622. It catered to the Roman Catholic Irish population of Swampoodle. Gonzaga College High School moved to the same square in 1871.

By the early 20th century, most of the Irish American population had left the neighborhood. They were replaced by Greeks and Italians immigrants and some African-Americans.

The neighborhood gained a reputation for being a lawless shantytown, where crime, prostitution, drunkenness were rife during and after the Civil War. At the core of the district was Jackson Alley located next to the Government Printing Office Building, between G and H Streets and crossing North Capitol Street. It was a considered a virtual no-go area for the police and new recruits were often sent there for their training. The problem was more with the younger generation than the older folks. Gangs of young men known as "poodles" were the main cause of concern. But it was also a place to find work for its inhabitants. For a very long time, Jackson Alley was inhabited by "tinkers" or "tinners" because they were tinworkers.

The area was known for overcrowding and outbreaks of malaria, typhoid, and dysentery. But Swampoodle was a thriving community, whose Irish construction workers helped build Washington, D.C. As Swampoodle was then on the edge of the city, many of the residents kept goats and cows, sometimes in livestock pens among the alleys dividing their modest houses. Until the 1880s, the north side of K Street was not built and the only things there were swamps, pasters, and the railway track. This almost rural lifestyle continued until about 1907, when Washington Union Station was built.

In the 1870s, Tiber Creek was channeled underground along North Capitol Street. From Florida Ave to M Street, the sewer was 20 feet in diameter and grew to 30 feet for the section below M Street. Due to the elevation of the ground level, many found themselves with one level under the level of the street.

Swampoodle Grounds
Swampoodle Grounds, a stadium with a capacity of approximately 6,000, was the home of the Washington Statesmen baseball team from 1886 to 1889. It was located on a block bounded by North Capitol Street NE and tracks (west); F Street NE (south); Delaware Avenue NE (east); and G Street NE (north). The McDowell and Sons plant, seen in the background of the ballpark photo behind right field, was listed in city directories as the corner of Massachusetts Avenue and North Capitol Street.

The end of Swampoodle
This major project physically divided the neighborhood and led to many of the 1,600 former residents moving to other parts of the city. Rezoning led to increased heavy industry in the area, making it unattractive for residential use.

The identity of Swampoodle died away and by the post-World War II period, even the name Swampoodle was largely forgotten.

Present
Today, the area is occupied primarily by office complexes, rail yards serving Union Station, the Government Publishing Office and Gonzaga College High School, a legacy of its original settlers. It is surrounded by some of the original dwellings, particularly in the Near Northeast section to the east of Delaware Avenue. Jackson Alley is no longer known as such. On the west side of North Capitol Street, it is under the Government Printing Office Building. On the east side of North Capitol, it is now known as G Place NE.

The neighborhood got some press after a play about it, Swampoodle by Tom Swift, debuted in 2011. It was produced by Solas Nua with support from the Ireland-based Performance Corporation to help combat stereotypes about the Irish. It consists of colorful, disparate stories about life in the predominantly Irish neighborhood.

Since 2007, the neighborhood has been included in the rebranded "NoMa" which stands for "North of Massachusetts Avenue." It is served by the NoMa – Gallaudet University Metro station and Union Station.

The Capitol Hill Restoration Society (CHRS) has begun walking tours of four square blocks of the neighborhood that remains today between F and H Streets NE and 2nd and 4th Streets NE. CHRS is proposing to expand the Capitol Hill Historic District to include these blocks as part of their Beyond the Boundaries initiative.

Swampoodle Park
The name "Swampoodle" has lost its negative connotation in the local community. As a result, a park at the intersection of 3rd Street NE and L Street NE, a block from the border of the old neighborhood, was named Swampoodle Park in 2018 in honor of the historic neighborhood. The announcement was made on December 13, 2017 after an online survey was conducted asking the community to vote for one of three possible names, the other two options being Old City Corner and 3rd and L Park. A bill codifying the name was introduced on April 9, 2018, and sponsored by Council Member Charles Allen (D) and Chairman Phil Mendelson (D). Resolution R22-0478 effective from April 10, 2018 passed on April 20, 2018 by 12 votes. Council Member Elissa Silverman (I) did not vote.

The park officially opened November 17, 2018.

References to Swampoodle
In an article published in the Washington Herald on April 13, 1919, Capt. J. Walter Mitchell talks about the 1860s and 1870s Humphrey and Juenemann's Pleasure Garden (also known as Mount Vernon Lager Beer Brewery and Pleasure Garden). It was a gathering place on Capitol Hill between 4th, 5th, E and F Street NE where various events took place including picnics with dances which could lead to both fights and frolics. These picnics were apparently known as Swampoodle Walks probably due to the rough nature of the events and the fights.

title: Swampoodle (Washington, D.C.)


text:
Frederick Gibberd

Sir Frederick Ernest Gibberd CBE (7 January 1908 – 9 January 1984) was an English architect, town planner and landscape designer. He is particularly known for his work in Harlow, Essex, and for the BISF house, a design for a prefabricated council house that was widely adopted in post-war Britain.

Biography
Gibberd was born in Coventry, the eldest of the five children of a local tailor, and was educated at the city's King Henry VIII School. In 1925 he was articled to a firm of architects in Birmingham and studied architecture under William Bidlake at the Birmingham School of Art, where his roommate was F. R. S. Yorke.

A good friend of Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe, Gibberd's work was also influenced by Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, and F. R. S. Yorke. He set up in practice in 1930, designing Pullman Court, Streatham Hill, London (1934–36), a housing development which launched his career. With the success of this scheme, Gibberd became established as the 'flat' architect and went on to build several other schemes including Park Court, Sydenham, London (1936) and Ellington Court, Southgate, London (1936) continuing to practise until the outbreak of the Second World War.

Gibberd and Yorke collaborated on a number of publications including the influential book The Modern Flat, which was published in 1937 and featured the then newly completed Pullman Court and Park Court, as well as many other European examples. He also designed the BISF house, a prefabricated form of council housing sponsored by the British Iron and Steel Federation and widely adopted by local authorities in Britain in the postwar period.

Gibberd was consultant architect planner for the Harlow development and spent the rest of his life living in the town he had designed. His most notable works here include The Lawn, Britain's first modern-style point block, consisting of nine storeys arranged in a butterfly design on an area of open ground surrounded by oak trees; a trompe-l'oeil pair of curved terraces facing a cricket green at Orchard Croft, which won a British Housing Award in 1951; the pioneering broken-silhouette flats in Morley Grove; and much of the housing in Mark Hall neighbourhood, which is in its entirety a conservation area. The Harvey Centre lacks architectural distinction, but is notable as an early British example of a large purpose-built indoor shopping mall. His similarly pioneering Sports Centre has been demolished, as has the original town hall. The Water Gardens, although listed by English Heritage, have been spoilt by the abutment of a car park and shopping centre. The garden of his personal home at Marsh Lane (Gibberd Garden), on the outskirts of Harlow, a mixture of formal and informal design, contains architectural elements salvaged from his reconstruction of Coutts Bank in London.

A further achievement by Gibberd in planning Harlow is his incorporation of works by many leading architects of the postwar years, such as FRS Yorke, Powell & Moya, Graham Dawbarn, John Poulson, Maxwell Fry & Jane Drew, Michael Neylan, William Crabtree, Leonard Manasseh, ECP Monson, Gerard Goalen, Gerald Lacoste, Richard Sheppard and H. T. Cadbury-Brown. A substantial collection of public sculptures is visible around the town, including works by Henry Moore, Elisabeth Frink, Auguste Rodin and Barbara Hepworth.

Gibberd wrote Harlow: The story of a New Town in collaboration with Len White and Ben Hyde Harvey. In 1953 he published Town Design a book on the forms, processes, and history of the subject.

Personal life
He married first Dorothy Phillips, with whom he had one son and two daughters. She died in 1970. He then married Mrs Patricia Fox-Edwards on 30 March 1972. They remained married until his death.

Gibberd was made a CBE in 1954 and knighted in 1967.

Legacy
His architectural firm, Frederick Gibberd Partnership, continues to practise in London.

In 2019, a new school in Harlow was named Sir Frederick Gibberd College. Built by Caledonian Modular from 198 prefabricated modules, the school was forced to close in August 2023 due to concerns about structural irregularities. In December 2023, the DfE confirmed that the college would be demolished and rebuilt.

Notable buildings

 * Harlow New Town
 * London Central Mosque
 * Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral
 * Didcot Power Station, Oxfordshire, England

 * A list of buildings by Frederick Gibberd

 * 1933–1936, Pullman Court, Streatham, London
 * 1936, Park Court, Sydenham, London
 * 1937, Ellington Court, Southgate, London
 * 1937–1939, Macclesfield Nurses Home, Cheshire, England
 * 1945–1949, Somerford Estate, Hackney, London
 * 1946–1963, Nuneaton Town Centre, Warwickshire, England
 * 1949–1951, Chrisp Street Market and associated housing, Poplar, London (part of the Lansbury Estate)
 * 1950 Orchard Croft Housing Estate & The Stow (Shopping centre), Harlow, Essex, England
 * 1950–1969, Terminal Buildings, Heathrow Airport, near London (including the old Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and Queens Building)
 * 1951, The Lawn, Harlow, Essex, England
 * 1952, Market Square, Harlow, Essex, England
 * 1953–1961, Ulster Hospital, Belfast
 * 1956, Bath Technical College, Somerset, England
 * 1956–1968, Civic Centre, Saint Albans, Hertfordshire, England
 * 1958, Derwent Reservoir, Durham and Northumberland, England
 * 1958, The Beckers, Rectory Road, Hackney, London
 * 1958–1961, Kingsgate Estate, Hackney, London
 * 1959–1969, Civic Centre, Doncaster, Yorkshire, England
 * 1962, College of Technology, Kingston-Upon-Hull, England
 * 1962, Sydenham, Leamington Spa
 * 1959–1968, Fulwell Cross Library, Ilford
 * 1960–1966, Priory Square, Birmingham, England [[Image:Fulwell Cross Library.jpg|thumb|Fulwell Cross Library, Ilford]]
 * 1960–1967, Roman Catholic Cathedral, Liverpool, England
 * 1961, Morley Grove Flats, Harlow, Essex, England
 * 1962–1966, Douai Abbey, Berkshire, England
 * 1964, Saint George's Chapel, Heathrow Airport, near London
 * 1964, Water Gardens, Harlow, Essex, England
 * 1965, Chapel, De La Salle College, Middleton, Lancashire, England
 * 1964–1968, Didcot Power Station, Oxfordshire, England
 * 1965–1974, Edmonton Green, Edmonton, London
 * 1966–1975, Arundel Great Court, The Strand, London
 * 1968–1975, InterContinental London Park Lane
 * 1969, Coutts Bank Headquarters, The Strand, London
 * 1970-1975, 10 Spring Gardens, British Council headquarters
 * 1970–1977, London Central Mosque
 * 1972, Royal Spa Centre, Leamington Spa
 * 1973, Homer House, Monson Street, Lincoln, England. Described by Pevsner as Two staggered wings of offices either side of a service block. Red brick with an emphatic chamfering of angles and a strong vertical accent of load-bearing buttress piers dividing the main elevations into seven and eight bays. The overall impact is of somewhat fortress-like austerity.
 * 1973-1974. Thomas Cooper Memorial Chapel, High Street, Lincoln, England.
 * 1980, The Harvey Centre, Harlow, Essex, England

Selected publications

 * The Architecture of England: from Norman Times to the Present Day. Architectural Press. 1938
 * Built in Furniture in Great Britain. Alec Tiranti, 1948.
 * Harlow: The story of a New Town (With Len White and Ben Hyde Harvey). 1980.
 * Town Design a book on the forms, processes, and history of the subject. 1953.

title: Frederick Gibberd


text:
Persian red

Persian red is a deep reddish orange earth or pigment from the Persian Gulf composed of a silicate of iron and alumina, with magnesia. It is also called artificial vermillion.

The first recorded use of Persian red as a color name in English was in 1895.

Other colors associated with Persia include Persian pink, Persian rose, Persian orange, Persian blue and Persian green.

In human culture
Architecture
 * Henry Hobson Richardson insisted upon a ground of Persian red for the murals John LaFarge executed lining the interior of Trinity Church, Boston.

title: Persian red


text:
User talk:Pcgodwin

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --John Kerry + John Edwards 2004 19:43, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Pcgodwin


text:
User talk:Benbread

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --John Kerry + John Edwards 2004 19:43, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

Launceston
i used to live in Launceston - Launceston, Tasmania that is! My edits to the Launceston, Cornwall article were just formatting changes. -- Chuq 22:04, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Well, I actually do live in Launceston, Cornwall - in fact I'm right behind the Lidl you took a photo of. That was a bit startling, seeing that place used to illustrate the company in general to the entire world. Applemask 00:22, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

 * It was a little startling to some of my friends when i showed it to them. I wasn't aware that there were any other regular Wikipedians in Launceston. :) -Benbread 19:17, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

Pot noodle
Hi Ben, I noticed you trying to get some work done, between an anon IP vandal and my reverting the Pot noodle article today, hope I didn't give you an edit conflict. I've 'vandalised' your user page with a. Please remove it if you don't want it. Alf melmac 14:57, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

Hey there. Thanks for those reverts, it doesn't help that the people vandalising it were three computers away from me (I was editing at school). The person vandalising was only fooling around but it really does get annoying sometimes - Thanks though :) Also thanks for adding me to that category, I didn't know we had a category under that name so it'll be interesting to know who lives where --Benbread 15:13, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Einunddreissig.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Einunddreissig.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags.

Request for edit summary
Hi. I am a bot, and I am writing to you with a request. I would like to ask you, if possible, to use edit summaries a bit more often when you contribute. The reason an edit summary is important is because it allows your fellow contributors to understand what you changed; you can think of it as the "Subject:" line in an email. For your information, your current edit summary usage is 27% for major edits and 50% for minor edits. (Based on the last 137 major and 14 minor edits in the article namespace.)

This is just a suggestion, and I hope that I did not appear impolite. You do not need to reply to this message, but if you would like to give me feedback, you can do so at the feedback page. Thank you, and happy edits, Mathbot 17:30, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

Articles you might like to edit, from SuggestBot
SuggestBot predicts that you will enjoy editing some of these articles. Have fun!

SuggestBot picks articles in a number of ways based on other articles you've edited, including straight text similarity, following wikilinks, and matching your editing patterns against those of other Wikipedians. It tries to recommend only articles that other Wikipedians have marked as needing work. Your contributions make Wikipedia better -- thanks for helping.

If you have feedback on how to make SuggestBot better, please tell me on SuggestBot's talk page. Thanks from ForteTuba, SuggestBot's caretaker.

P.S. You received these suggestions because your name was listed on the SuggestBot request page. If this was in error, sorry about the confusion. -- SuggestBot 18:40, 18 April 2006 (UTC)

Benbread..are you..
Were/are/whatever you the Benbread who played Unipets before it ended up being shut down? --Bobadot 06:02, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

Launceston
Please don't take offence, but I have reverted your edit to Launceston, because according to Manual of Style (disambiguation pages), country names should be left unlinked. CarolGray 08:16, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Not a problem, thanks. Wasn't aware of that particular guideline so i'll make sure in the future i wont do that again :) -Benbread 09:46, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

KDE4 article
I see that you started the article on KDE4 and are the original author of the this claim - "KDE 4 will include major backend updates, including the port to Qt 4, which will result in an expected 20-30% performance increase". Can you cite a source for that percentage? Not that I don't believe it (I'm an occasional KDE user myself and looking forward to KDE4), but looking through the external links on the page doesn't reveal any specific percentage of speed increases. It would probably be more factual to simply remove the "20-30%" from the sentance, unless you can provide a source. Thanks! --Philipacamaniac 17:41, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

Welcome to VandalProof!
Thank you for your interest in VandalProof, Benbread! You have now been added to the list of authorized users, so if you haven't already, simply download and install VandalProof from our main page. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me or any other moderator, or you can post a message on the discussion page. Computerjoe 's talk 19:21, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Talk:Class of the Titans
Sorry about that, I was just responding to David John's question.
 * Not a problem, i felt quite bad actually about reverting that, but it seems for the best -Benbread 22:01, 4 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your understanding.

How the hell am I vandalizing the 50 Cent page?
I sourced the text with a credible link. Quit calling it nonsense. If you want to add something to my text to give it some perspective then fine. However, don't call it vandalism when I have proof that he said what he said. Just because you don't like it doesn't make it vandalism.

 * You're most likely right, sorry. Please though cite your sources inside the article to avoid mixups. -Benbread 23:32, 4 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Also looking again at the source, it states noware that he called GWB a "nigga", for that i'm keeping that statement out of the article, unless you can provide an accurate quote. -Benbread 23:34, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

I've posted the 50 Cent article. I'm confident that it meets Wikipedia's high standards. Everything is well-sourced with independent and credible links.
 * That's much better, well done :) I hope you'll be editting Wikipedia in the future -Benbread 09:12, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for the praise. I'm taking Wikipedia a lot more seriously now than I used to. I have to admit that a few months ago I did silly things like vandalize articles. I never really didn't anything slanderous, just silly and stupid stuff. Recently, I've been doing my best to contribute positively to Wikipedia and I've even been correcting the same sort of vandalism I used to take part in.

BTW, there's this dipshit (his name is LILVOKA) who keeps on deleting the article saying that I didn't cite my sources (which is a complete lie). He pretty much admitted to me that he doesn't LIKE what I posted so therefore that's grounds for deletion. I thought you weren't supposed to interject your POV into how you correct or type articles.

The choice to add information to challenge politcial views instead of music use it for the support, is bias, right? Is the user:24.35.15.107 using weasel words when describing 50 Cent. Please cite your sources. Thanks for your cooperation. Note: The rapper said that he would support Bush for the fact that this man is not a snitch. Despite of all the controversies the president gets into since he been in office, it's been tight-lipped, guns, vile and violence. Not saying politics but that's what 50 Cent meant. It's basically why he said what he said. It's pretty much irrelevent towards the article.LILVOKA. 23:34 5 June 2006 (UTC) See Here

This user used does express possible conservative bias. Here an example: - 50 Cent has also apparently shown support for U.S. President George W. Bush. -When 50 Cent was at the premiere of his semi-autobiographical film "Get Rich or Die Tryin", he stuck up for the president:

BTW, I'll just keep re-posting it, LILVOKA. I've already had a Wikipedia watchdog (Benbread) say that what I posted passes as NPOV and acceptable for Wikipedia standards. You still haven't provided any proof that what I posted is false and un-true. All you do is say that you know that 50 Cent didn't mean it like that. How the hell do you know? Do you talk to him or something? As I said before, if you can post a credible link that says what you say he says then DO SO ALREADY. If you can't then back the fuck up.
 * Listen up....I said "apparently" not to show bias but to do the opposite thing. "apparently" means, in this case, "from I what we can tell from his words".  Also, the "stuck up for the president" line is in an article that shows no political bias whatsoever.  I made a point of not using links from left-wing or right-wing websites.
 * Please be civil -- 9 cds(talk) 05:24, 6 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Whoa! This i Not the place to discuss problems arrising, please talk about this in the articles talk page, not mine! ;) -Benbread 18:51, 6 June 2006 (UTC)

Non sense warning
Hello. Why did you put a nonsense warning on my user talk page?-- Dakota ~ 00:15, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm assuming this was an honest mistake? Thanks for reverting vandalism to my user page earlier, by the way. :) Regards,  Sango  123   00:16, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Sorry, that appears to be a problem on VandalProof's part, sorry about that :( -Benbread 00:17, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Reversion of edit to User:Nimur
Hello Benbread! Thanks for your vigilance / automated vandal reversions. However, your bot incorrectly reverted an edit by myself - I was not logged in at the time! Thanks for your efforts in any case! Nimur 00:21, 5 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for cleaning that up, looked a little suspicious! Hope i didn't cause any inconvienience -Benbread 00:23, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

UT2k7
If u wated the Interview with the UT2k7 developer he said the game will NOT ship for the Xbox360, only PC,Linux and PS3
 * If you want to contribute that, please cite the source inside the article and provide a Neutral-Point-Of-View description. Thanks -Benbread 18:38, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

http://previews.teamxbox.com/xbox-360/1399/Unreal-Tournament-2007/p1/

http://www.gamespot.com/e3/e3story.html?sid=6150473&pid=928117

Press the "Unreal Tournament 2007 E3 2006 Stage Show Demonstration" on the bottem

Please don't post those references here, i suggest you post them in the article discussion page so if you can't add the references someone will be kind enough to do it for you, or discuss the news further. Have fun editing Wikipedia! -Benbread 18:52, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

so i can remove Xbox 360 from it?

 * I suggest you start a discussion in the talk page, that way you can make sure that your edit is correct and wont be just reverted. -Benbread 18:55, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

the 2nd source clery stats that that it has only been annonced to the PC and PS3, thats within the first 3min

 * Ok, go ahead and remove it, but please put an edit summary with the sources to avoid any confusion :) -Benbread 18:57, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism
Thanks for reverting the vandalism on my user page. :) Nephron T|C 06:18, 7 June 2006 (UTC)

Subst
When using template tags on talk pages, don't forget to substitute with text by adding subst: to the template tag. For example, use {{subst:test}} instead of {{test}}. This reduces server load and prevents accidental blanking of the template. -- Cyde↔Weys 17:43, 9 June 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Ukpassport-cover.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Ukpassport-cover.jpg. The image description page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 23:09, 18 June 2006 (UTC)

Re: Pot Noodle
When I added Pot Noodle to the article last night, that meant I was adding an interwiki link to the Simple English Wikipedia. Interwikis serve as links to WP articles in other languages, and are shown below the toolbox on the left side of articles that have them. Hope you've understood. --Slgr @ ndson (page - messages - contribs) 15:27, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

Fridge
I personally deem this to be slightly unecessary as it is just an annex for two very cool sub zero cars and add a whole new section and disrupts the symetry on the cool wall section.--Lucy-marie 11:50, 26 July 2006 (UTC)

I don't think you can get cooler than sub-zero.--Lucy-marie 18:41, 26 July 2006 (UTC)

Now you are just being silly with the wording and anyway sub zero would be cooler than absolute zero.--Lucy-marie 13:03, 27 July 2006 (UTC)

Possibly unfree Image:Ukpassport-cover.jpg
An image that you uploaded or altered, Image:Ukpassport-cover.jpg, has been listed at Possibly unfree images because its copyright status is disputed. If the image's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. Please go to its page for more information if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. zzuuzz (talk) 02:10, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

You helped choose Microorganism as this week's WP:AID winner
Davodd 03:15, 8 October 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject Disambiguation Talk Request
This is a form message being sent to all WikiProject Disambiguation participants. I may have found your page based on your contributions or your link repair user box on your user page. If you are not a member, please consider including your name on the project page. I recently left a proposed banner idea on the WikiProject Disambiguation talk page and I would appreciate any input you could provide. Before it can be approved or denied, I would prefer a lot of feedback from multiple participants in the project. So if you have the time please join in the discussion to help improve the WikiProject. Keep up the good work in link repair and thanks for your time. Nehrams2020 22:44, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

Tagging system
I hadn't thought of a system like that, but it seems to me that it would be way too complex for most of our editors to handle, and would only serve to confuse the questioners even more. It would also be a huge project to devise such a system accurately, and I can't even think of how to go about that. Me, personally, I think that Physics & Astronomy is a broad category. Science is posively ginourmous. Thanks for your input. freshofftheufo ΓΛĿЌ  00:06, 13 October 2006 (UTC)

You helped choose Environmentalism as this week's WP:AID winner
AzaBot 18:30, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

Hi!
Just saying hello to a fellow bread :P. Ryubread 10:19, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

Thankyou
Thanks for correcting my spelling Larklight (talk) 20:08, 10 February 2008 (UTC)

Disambiguation link fixing one-day contest
I have decided to put on a mini-contest within the November 2013 monthly disambiguation contest, on Saturday, November 23 (UTC). I will personally give a $20 Amazon.com gift card to the disambiguator who fixes the most links on that server-day (see the project page for details on scoring points). Since we are not geared up to do an automated count for that day, at 00:00, 23 November 2013 (UTC) (which is 7:00 PM on November 22, EST), I'll take a screenshot of the project page leaderboard. I will presume that anyone who is not already listed on the leaderboard has precisely nine edits. At 01:00, 24 November 2013 (UTC) (8:00 PM on November 23, EST), I'll take a screenshot of the leaderboard at that time (the extra hour is to give the board time to update), and I will determine from that who our winner is. I will credit links fixed by turning a WP:DABCONCEPT page into an article, but you'll have to let me know me that you did so. Here's to a fun contest. Note that according to the Daily Disambig, we currently have under 256,000 disambiguation links to be fixed. If everyone in the disambiguation link fixers category were to fix 500 links, we would have them all done - so aim high! Cheers! bd2412 T 01:55, 18 November 2013 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of File:Ukpassport-cover.jpg

A tag has been placed on File:Ukpassport-cover.jpg requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section F9 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the image appears to be a blatant copyright infringement. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted images or text borrowed from other web sites or printed material, and as a consequence, your addition will most likely be deleted. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously and persistent violators will be blocked from editing.

If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. -- Urquhartnite (talk) 13:56, 6 August 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:Ukpassport-cover.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Ukpassport-cover.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 05:05, 20 April 2019 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Signatureprogram.gif

The file File:Signatureprogram.gif has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Since all this is about is some textual output, there's no reason to have an image. One can just add preformatted text to any article 'needing' it, just as I did with signature program. Perhaps more importantly, the copyright status of this image is a bit dubious, in that---although we have no reason to doubt that it was the uploader's own work---it shows a component of Microsoft Windows (cmd.exe) for purposes other than illustrating the component itself."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion.

''' This bot DID NOT nominate any of your contributions for deletion; please refer to the history of each individual page for details. ''' Thanks, FastilyBot (talk) 10:00, 13 March 2022 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Signature program

The article Signature program has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Non-notable; name not established (please see the article page for more info)."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. — Gennaro Prota •Talk 08:07, 14 March 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Benbread


text:
User talk:Townmouse

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --John Kerry + John Edwards 2004 19:43, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Townmouse


text:
Pella (disambiguation)

Pella may refer to:

Greece

 * Pella, capital of the ancient kingdom of Macedon
 * Pella (regional unit), administrative unit in Macedonia, Greece
 * Pella (municipality), municipality in the Pella regional unit, Greece
 * Pella (Thessaly), town of ancient Thessaly, Greece
 * Pella (town), town in Macedonia, Greece, close to Pella
 * Nea Pella, a village in Macedonia, Greece, close to Pella

Ancient Near East

 * Pella, Jordan, ancient city in Jordan
 * Diocese of Pella
 * Apamea (Syria), called Pella during the Macedonian occupation
 * Pella, name of town and toparchy in Roman Judaea, usually identified with Bayt Nattif

Europe (apart from Greece)

 * Pella, Piedmont, municipality in the Province of Novara
 * Pella Palace, residence of Catherine the Great near St. Petersburg
 * Pella Square, a main square in Skopje, North Macedonia

Africa

 * Pella, Burkina Faso, city
 * Pella, Northern Cape, town in South Africa

America

 * Pella, Iowa, city in the United States
 * Pella, Wisconsin, town in the United States
 * Pella (CDP), Wisconsin, census-designated place in the town

People

 * Catalina Pella (born 1993), Argentine female tennis player, sister of Guido
 * Giuseppe Pella (18 April 1902 – 31 May 1981), Prime Minister of Italy, 1953-4
 * Guido Pella (born 1990), Argentine male tennis player, brother of Catalina
 * Vespasian Pella (4/17 January 1897 – 24 August 1960), Romanian jurist

Fictive characters

 * Aka Pella, a character from Histeria!

Other

 * Pella curse tablet, a magic spell, written in Doric Greek
 * Pella (company), manufacturer of windows and doors
 * Pella (beetle), a genus of rove beetle
 * JSC Leningrad Shipyard Pella, producer of the Raptor-class patrol boat

title: Pella (disambiguation)


text:
Persian powder

 * The term Persian powder can also refer to a type of dry snow in the Zagros Mountains.

Persian powder is an insecticide powder. It is also known as Persian pellitory and insect powder.

Biological pest control
Persian powder is a green pesticide that has been used for centuries for the biological pest extermination of household insects, garden pests, and agricultural pests. It is used indoors, in gardens and the horticulture industry, and in agriculture.

It is produced from the powdered flowers of certain species of pyrethrum, plants in the genera Chrysanthemum and Tanacetum. In more recent times it has had formulations with brand names such as Zacherlin.

In the novel Anna Karenina, the character Kitty used Persian powder to sanitize beds in an unclean hotel.

Synthetic forms
Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides based on natural pyrethrum (pyrethrins), such as permethrin.

A common formulation of pyrethrin is in preparations containing the synthetic chemical piperonyl butoxide: this has the effect of enhancing the toxicity to insects and speeding the effects when compared with pyrethrins used alone. These formulations are known as synergized pyrethrins.

title: Persian powder