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Lucida

Lucida (pronunciation: ) is an extended family of related typefaces designed by Charles Bigelow and Kris Holmes and released from 1984 onwards. The family is intended to be extremely legible when printed at small size or displayed on a low-resolution display – hence the name, from 'lucid' (clear or easy to understand).

There are many variants of Lucida, including serif (Fax, Bright), sans-serif (Sans, Sans Unicode, Grande, Sans Typewriter) and scripts (Blackletter, Calligraphy, Handwriting). Many are released with other software, most notably Microsoft Office.

Bigelow and Holmes, together with the (now defunct) TeX vendor Y&Y, extended the Lucida family with a full set of TeX mathematical symbols, making it one of the few typefaces that provide full-featured text and mathematical typesetting within TeX. Lucida is still licensed commercially through the TUG store as well through their own web store. The fonts are occasionally updated.

Key features
The Lucida fonts have a large x-height (tall lower-case letters), open apertures and quite widely spaced letters, classic features of fonts designed for legibility in body text. Capital letters were designed to be somewhat narrow and short in order to make all-caps acronyms blend in. Bigelow has said in interview that the characters were designed based on hand-drawn bitmaps to see what parts of letters needed to be clear in bitmap, before creating outlines that would render as clear bitmaps. The fonts include ligatures, but these are not needed for text, allowing use on simplistic typesetting systems. x-heights are consistent between the fonts. Hinting was used to allow onscreen display.

Lucida Arrows
A family of fonts containing arrows.

Lucida Blackletter
A family of cursive blackletter fonts released in 1992.

Lucida Bright
Based on Lucida Serif, it features more contrasted strokes and serifs.

The font was first used as the text face for Scientific American magazine, and its letter-spacing was tightened to give it a slightly closer fit for use in two and three column formats.

Lucida Calligraphy
A script font developed from Chancery cursive, released in 1991.

Lucida Casual
A casual font, released in 1994. Similar to Lucida Handwriting, but without connecting strokes. In 2014, Bigelow & Holmes released additional weights in normal and narrow widths.

Lucida Console
A monospaced font that is a variant of Lucida Sans Typewriter, with smaller line spacing and the addition of the WGL4 character set. In 2014, Bigelow & Holmes released bold weights and italics in normal and narrow widths. Lucida Console was the default font in Microsoft Notepad from Windows 2000 through Windows 7, its replacement being Consolas. This was also the font for the blue screen of death from Windows XP to Windows 7.

Lucida Fax
A slab serif font family released in 1992. Derived from Lucida, and specifically designed for telefaxing.

Lucida Handwriting
A font, released in 1992, designed to resemble informal cursive handwriting with modern plastic-tipped or felt-tipped pens or markers. In 2014, Bigelow & Holmes added additional weights and widths to the family.

Lucida Icons
A family of fonts for ornament and decoration uses. It contains ampersands, interrobangs, asterisms, circled Lucida Sans numerals, etc.

Lucida Math
A family of fonts for mathematical expressions. Lucida Math Extension contains only mathematical symbols. Lucida Math Italic contains Latin characters from Lucida Serif Italic, but with smaller line spacing, and added Greek letters. Lucida Math contains mathematical symbols, and blackletter (from Lucida Blackletter) and script letters in (from Lucida Calligraphy Italic) Letterlike Symbols region.

Lucida OpenType
First released in March 2012, this collection includes OpenType math fonts in regular and bold weights, and Lucida Bright, Lucida Sans Typewriter, and Lucida Sans text fonts in the usual four variants (regular, italic, bold, bold italic). The regular math font includes an entirely new math script alphabet in Roundhand style, among other new characters. The Lucida Bright text fonts include Unicode Latin character blocks including Basic Latin, Latin-1, and Latin Extended-A characters for American, Western European, Central European, Turkish, and other Latin-based orthographies.

Lucida Sans
A family of humanist sans-serif fonts complementing Lucida Serif. The italic is a "true italic" rather than a "sloped roman", inspired by chancery cursive handwriting of the Italian renaissance, which Bigelow and Holmes studied while at Reed College in the 1960s.

Lucida Grande
A version of Lucida Sans with expanded character sets, released around 2000. It supports Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Arabic, Hebrew, Thai scripts. It is most notable for having been used as the system font for macOS until version 10.10.

Lucida Sans Typewriter
Also called Lucida Typewriter Sans, this is a sans-serif monospaced font family, designed for typewriters. Its styling is reminiscent of Letter Gothic and Andalé Mono; a variant, Lucida Console, replaced those two fonts on Microsoft Windows systems.

Lucida Sans Unicode
Based on Lucida Sans Regular, this version added characters in Arrows, Block Elements, Box Drawing, Combining Diacritical Marks, Control Pictures, Currency Symbols, Cyrillic, General Punctuation, Geometric Shapes, Greek and Coptic, Hebrew, IPA Extensions, Latin Extended-A, Latin Extended-B, Letterlike Symbols, Mathematical Operators, Miscellaneous Symbols, Miscellaneous Technical, Spacing Modifier Letters, Superscripts and Subscripts regions.

Lucida Serif
The original Lucida font designed in 1985, featuring a thickened serif. It was simply called Lucida when it was first released.

Lucida Typewriter Serif
Also called Lucida Typewriter, this font is a slab serif monospaced version of Lucida Fax, but with wider serifs. The letters are wider than Lucida Sans Typewriter.

Usages
Lucida Console is used in various parts of Microsoft Windows. From Windows 2000 until Windows 7, Lucida Console is used as the default typeface of Notepad. In Windows 2000 until Windows 7, and in Windows CE, Lucida Console is used as the typeface of the Blue Screen of Death. Lucida Grande, as well as Lucida Sans Demibold (identical outlines to Lucida Grande Bold but with tighter spacing of numerals), were used as the primary user interface font in Apple Inc.'s Mac OS X operating system until OS X Yosemite, as well as many programs including Front Row. Lucida is also used in the logo for Air Canada. A collection of Lucida variants are included in the Oracle JRE 9. Lucida Calligraphy was used in the logo for Gladden Entertainment.

In April 2012, Lucida Sans was selected by GfK Blue Moon as the font for a package design as part of a proposed law in Australia banning logos on cigarette packaging. The proposed law requires cigarettes to be sold in dark olive-brown packages that depict graphic images of the effects of smoking and the cigarette's brand printed in Lucida Sans. According to Tom Delaney, a senior designer with New York design consultant Muts & Joy, "Lucida Sans is one of the least graceful sans-serif typefaces designed. It’s clumsy in its line construction." On August 15, 2012, the Australian government approved the ban on cigarette logos, effectively replacing them with the unattractive packaging.

title: Lucida


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James McGarel-Hogg, 2nd Baron Magheramorne

James Douglas McGarel-Hogg, 2nd Baron Magheramorne (16 January 1861 – 10 March 1903), was an Ulster-Scots peer.

McGarel-Hogg was born in London, the son of The 1st Baron Magheramorne. He served as an officer in the Life Guards, rising to the rank of captain. He married Lady Evelyn Ashley-Cooper, the second daughter of The 8th Earl of Shaftesbury, in 1889, the year before he inherited the peerage.

Lord Magheramorne lived a dissolute life, and was unsuccessful in business. He was declared bankrupt on 23 November 1900 in Dublin and died just over two years later in Paris. The peerage was inherited by his brother. His widow remarried The Hon. Hugo Baring, younger son of The 1st Baron Revelstoke, on 1 March 1905.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Chaotropic agent

A chaotropic agent is a molecule in water solution that can disrupt the hydrogen bonding network between water molecules (i.e. exerts chaotropic activity). This has an effect on the stability of the native state of other molecules in the solution, mainly macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids) by weakening the hydrophobic effect. For example, a chaotropic agent reduces the amount of order in the structure of a protein formed by water molecules, both in the bulk and the hydration shells around hydrophobic amino acids, and may cause its denaturation.

Conversely, an antichaotropic agent (kosmotropic) is a molecule in an aqueous solution that will increase the hydrophobic effects within the solution. Antichaotropic salts such as ammonium sulphate can be used to precipitate substances from the impure mixture. This is used in protein purification processes, to remove undesired proteins from solution.

Overview
A chaotropic agent is a substance which disrupts the structure of, and denatures, macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids (e.g. DNA and RNA). Chaotropic solutes increase the entropy of the system by interfering with intermolecular interactions mediated by non-covalent forces such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic effects. Macromolecular structure and function is dependent on the net effect of these forces (see protein folding), therefore it follows that an increase in chaotropic solutes in a biological system will denature macromolecules, reduce enzymatic activity and induce stress on a cell (i.e., a cell will have to synthesize stress protectants). Tertiary protein folding is dependent on hydrophobic forces from amino acids throughout the sequence of the protein. Chaotropic solutes decrease the net hydrophobic effect of hydrophobic regions because of a disordering of water molecules adjacent to the protein. This solubilises the hydrophobic region in the solution, thereby denaturing the protein. This is also directly applicable to the hydrophobic region in lipid bilayers; if a critical concentration of a chaotropic solute is reached (in the hydrophobic region of the bilayer) then membrane integrity will be compromised, and the cell will lyse.

Chaotropic salts that dissociate in solution exert chaotropic effects via different mechanisms. Whereas chaotropic compounds such as ethanol interfere with non-covalent intramolecular forces as outlined above, salts can have chaotropic properties by shielding charges and preventing the stabilization of salt bridges. Hydrogen bonding is stronger in non-polar media, so salts, which increase the chemical polarity of the solvent, can also destabilize hydrogen bonding. Mechanistically this is because there are insufficient water molecules to effectively solvate the ions. This can result in ion-dipole interactions between the salts and hydrogen bonding species which are more favorable than normal hydrogen bonds.

Common chaotropic agents include n-butanol, ethanol, guanidinium chloride, lithium perchlorate, lithium acetate, magnesium chloride, phenol, 2-propanol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, thiourea, and urea.

title: Chaotropic agent


text:
List of ministers under Margaret Thatcher

This article lists government ministers who served under Margaret Thatcher, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990, during which time she led a Conservative majority government and was the first woman to hold the office.


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Warhammer

Warhammer may refer to:

 * War hammer, a medieval weapon

Warhammer franchise

 * Warhammer, a series of games and related media:

 * Warhammer (game), a table-top fantasy miniature wargame, and origin of the franchise
 * Warhammer Fantasy (setting), the fictional setting of the various games and media
 * Warhammer Age of Sigmar, the successor to Warhammer
 * Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay, a fantasy role-playing game
 * Warhammer Quest, a board game
 * Warhammer 40,000, a table-top futuristic science-fantasy miniature wargame
 * Video games set in the Warhammer universe:
 * Warhammer: Shadow of the Horned Rat, a 1995 real-time tactics video game
 * Warhammer: Dark Omen, a 1998 real-time tactics video game
 * Warhammer: Battle for Atluma, a 2006 video game adaptation of the WarCry collectible card game
 * Warhammer: Mark of Chaos, a 2006 real-time tactics video game
 * Warhammer Online: Age of Reckoning, a 2008 massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG)
 * Warhammer Quest (video game series), a 2013 tactical role-playing video game
 * Warhammer: Snotling Fling, a 2015 mobile puzzle video game
 * Warhammer: End Times – Vermintide, a 2015 co-operative first person video game
 * Total War: Warhammer, a 2016 turn-based strategy real-time tactics video game
 * Warhammer Quest 2: The End Times (video game series), a 2017 tactical role-playing video game
 * Warhammer: Doomwheel, a 2017 3D platform video game
 * Total War: Warhammer II, a 2017 turn-based strategy real-time tactics video game
 * Warhammer: Vermintide 2, a 2018 co-operative first person video game
 * Warhammer: Chaosbane, a 2019 adventure game
 * Warhammer: Chaos & Conquest, a 2019 MMORPG strategy video game
 * Total War: Warhammer III, a 2022 turn-based strategy real-time tactics video game
 * Warhammer 40,000: Darktide, a 2022 co-operative first person video game

title: Warhammer


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Raelee Hill

Raelee Hill (born 24 October 1972) is an Australian actress best known for portraying roles in some of Australia's most successful television series. Her first major role was as Loretta Taylor in Paradise Beach, which was followed shortly afterwards by roles as Serendipity Gottlieb in Neighbours and Constable Tayler Johnson in Water Rats.

She is most widely known internationally for her part as Sikozu in the sci-fi television series Farscape. She originally auditioned for the part of Mele-On Grayza, but the part ultimately went to Rebecca Riggs. The role of Sikozu was created especially for her by executive producer David Kemper at the time, because she had impressed them so much.

She made her film début in the 1996 romantic comedy Hotel de Love, and her theatre credits include the role of Wendy in Pan for The Jim Henson Company, as well as Tasting Sugar Lake for Budinskis Theatre. She played a role in the 2005 Indonesian film about the 2002 Bali bombing, Long Road to Heaven.

title: Raelee Hill


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Momoka Akashi

Momoka Akashi (明石 百夏) is a female Japanese popular music artist.

Singles

 * 'Showa Kissa' (3/20/1999)
 * 'Tabi no Yado' (9/20/2000)

Albums

 * Do za Puroretaria Dansu (8/21/1999)

title: Momoka Akashi


text:
Talk:Garrett Eckbo

Untitled
Moved a few extlinks for future reference here:
 * Thomas Church (full name Thomas Dolliver Church): see Thomas Church
 * Dan Kiley: see Dan Kiley
 * James Rose: see James Rose

(Note to Hagfors: there's nothing wrong with those links. It's just that we usually do not put extlinks within the text. The red links also incite people to write an article about these people; they show more prominently that something's still missing in Wikipedia. To avoid that the information was lost, I've put the extlinks here. Great article, but you must clarify the licensing status of all the images! Fair use, perhaps?) Lupo 08:45, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 11:47, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Garrett Eckbo


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Brown Mpinganjira

Brown James Mpinganjira (born 7 November 1950), popularly known as BJ is a Malawian Politician who used his 1986 detention to fight the injustices of the then one party state. He worked with others in prison and used their time to devise ways on how to change the direction of Malawi's political state.

Mpinganjira was detained in 1986 and was released in 1991 due to international pressure. He began working for British council upon his release and received support from international community to form a pressure group and lobby for a referendum to decide whether Malawi was still to remain a one party state or become a multi party democracy. In the 1993 referendum, history was made at the polls when Malawians voted for multi party democracy. In the first multi party elections, Mpinganjira contested as Member of Parliament in his home town Mulanje. He won the parliamentary seat in 1994 and served as an MP for Mulanje Central for 15years. In the 15 years that he was in parliament, Mpinganjira had a colourful political career and is one of the best political masterminds in Malawi. He has contested once as a presidential candidate for National Democratic Alliance (NDA) in 2004 and as a running mate in the Mgwirizano Coalition (MCP & UDF) in 2009.

Early life
Brown James Mpinganjira was born on 7 November 1950 to Dr James Mpinganjira and his wife Ella Mankhokwe Mpinganjira, a nurse, in Mulanje district, Southern Region of Malawi. Brown is the first born in a family of 9 children. He did his primary education at Chisitu Primary School and proceeded to do his secondary school at Blantyre Secondary School. He then trained as a journalist in Cologne, Germany, and attained his master's degree in mass journalism from University of Leicester, England.

Career
Brown has worked at the state owned Malawi Broadcasting Corporation before becoming the Principle Information Officer in the Malawi Government Information Services Department in 1982. In 1985 he was promoted to Deputy Chief Information officer where he served for a year before being arrested and detained without charges.

Detainee
BJ was detained under the Kamuzu Banda regime when he was the Deputy Chief Information Officer in 1986 and spent time at Mikuyu Prison in Zomba until his release in 1991. While in prison Mpinganjira, together with other detainees began operations by seeking international intervention to end the one party system. After his release in 1991, Mpinganjira started working for British council, which gave him the perfect cover for outside connections to continue the fight he had started while in prison. He co founded the then pressure group UDF and campaigned for a multi party democracy. He also had an underground newspaper that he titled "nkhani za ku Malawi" which he used to sensitise people on the issues of human rights violations going on in Malawi.

Political career
In 1994, Dr Hastings Kamuzu Banda was defeated and Bakili Muluzi was elected as Malawi's 2nd president. Brown Mpinganjira was elected as Member of Parliament for Mulanje Central and served as a Minister during Bakili's tenure and was known as his right hand man. In May 1994 he was appointed as the Minister of Information, Broadcasting, Post & Telecommunications. His notable achievement during his time in this Ministry was the introduction of a Television station, private radio stations, commencement of cellular or mobile phone in Malawi and the onset of internet services. In July 1997 he was appointed as Minister of Education. In May 1999 after winning a second term as President of Malawi, Muluzi appointed Mpinganjira as Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister of Foreign Affairs of Malawi up until Jan 2000 when he was then appointed as Minister of Transport and Public Works. In October 2000, Muluzi dropped Mpinganjira from his cabinet and he was arrested on charges of corruption and that he had taken a $731 bribe to offer lucrative deals to his friends when he was Minister of Education. Mpinganjira dismissed the charges as being politically motivated. He said then, that he broke with Muluzi over the latter's attempt to have the constitution changed so that he could run for a third term of office. Mpinganjira was acquitted of all charges as there was no evidence to support the claims. Mpinganjira formed his own party, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).The party was formed on to fight the third term bill that Muluzi wanted. Mpinganjira and others retaliated that was not the democracy that they fought for and would not allow Muluzi to become another "life president". In October 2001, Mpinganjira was arrested again, this time on charges of treason. These charges were again dropped due to lack of evidence in April 2002. The bill proposing to change the constitution amendment was defeated in July 2002. This is one of Mpinganjira's greatest win.

In the 2004 presidential election, the UDF candidate Bingu wa Mutharika won the elections and Mpinganjira's NDA was placed fourth, receiving only 8.7% of the vote. The party managed to contribute a number of Members of Parliament to the National Assembly among them Billy Kaunda and Mpinganjira himself. Mpinganjira later dissolved the NDA and rejoined the United Democratic Front, a party he helped to found. The party formally deregistered in August 2004.

In the May 2009 presidential election, Mpinganjira (on a UDF ticket) ran alongside Malawi Congress Party (MCP) presidential candidate John Tembo as Tembo's vice-presidential candidate. The MCP and the UDF both supported Tembo in the election. This time Mpinganjira not only lost the presidential race but he lost his seat as MP for Mulanje Central after serving for 15 consecutive years.

After the then vice president Joyce Banda fell out with President Bingu, she and others formed People's Party. Mpinganjira who had not been active on the political scene joined the part and served as Treasurer General of the party and vice president of the party. In April 2012, the president of Malawi Bingu wa Mutharika died, leaving Joyce Banda to take on the mantle as president. Mpinganjira was appointed to serve as Minister of Water Development and Irrigation in June 2013. In September 2013 he was then appointed as Minister of Information and Civic Education, a position he held until May 2014. In the 2004 general elections, Joyce Banda's candidature lost to DPP's Peter Mutharika. In May 2015, Mpinganjira resigned from the Peoples Party.

In January 2018, Mpinganjira was welcomed into the DPP party by President Peter Mutharika at a rally. In February 2018, he was appointed as board chairman of the National Roads Authority. In 2019, two of Mpinganjira's sons, Patrick Matola (Independent, Chiradzulu) and Chipiliro Mpinganjira (DPP, Blantryre Central) were elected as Members of Parliament.

title: Brown Mpinganjira


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Anil Gayan

Anil Kumarsingh Gayan (born 22 October 1948 in Triolet, Mauritius) is a Mauritian politician and lawyer.

Early life, education and marriage
Anil Gayan's ancestors migrated from India when the island was a British colony. He is the son of Socile Boolell (Sir Satcam Boolell's sister) and bus driver Deokaran Gayan. Gayan completed his secondary education at Royal College Port Louis and was awarded a scholarship in 1968 to study in England as a "laureate". He studied law at the London School of Economics and University of London until 1974.

Gayan married Sooryakanti Nirsimloo, an academic of the MGI, whose younger sister is writer Ananda Devi Nirsimloo-Anenden.

Political career
He was the foreign minister of Mauritius from 1983 until 1986 and from September 2000 until a cabinet reshuffle in December 2003.

In 2009, he formed a new group called FNM (Front National Mauricien). Gayan was defeated at the Constituency No.8 by-elections when the FNM participated in such events.

Gayan later joined the Muvman Liberater (a splinter group of the MMM) and was elected in the 2014 general elections in Constituency No. 20 (Beau Bassin-Petite Rivière). He was part of Cabinet as Minister of Health (2014-2017) and then as Minister of Tourism (2017-2019).

Legal career
In 1974, Gayan joined the Attorney General’s Chambers as Crown Counsel. Since 1995 Gayan has been a Senior Counsel.

In 2008, he was part of United Nations mediation in Guinea-Bissau. Gayan led a 20-member African Union group of observers during the 2010 Rwanda elections.

Controversies
In 2015, the appointment of the head of the Cardiac Center, which is a department under Gayan's ministry, caused some controversy. In May 2016, Gayan sent a "Freedom of Information" email to a newspaper to request the newspaper to provide information about the salary of its staff. The Director of Publications of the newspaper replied by disclosing his salary and commented that the newspaper is a private entity. In June 2016, several Non-Governmental Organizations were concerned about the increase in usage of synthetic drugs in Mauritius while Gayan stated that the situation was not alarming.

title: Anil Gayan


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Live Scenes from New York

Live Scenes from New York is the third live album by American progressive metal band Dream Theater, recorded on August 30, 2000, at the Roseland Ballroom in New York City. Live Scenes from New York is the audio counterpart to the Metropolis 2000: Scenes from New York DVD, released in 2001, except only the CD has the full concert. The third disc contains two videos of the concert that are not on the DVD, the music video for "Another Day", and Jordan Rudess's keyboard solo. This is Dream Theater's first live release with Rudess and first full-length live release.

Drummer Mike Portnoy collapsed after the concert. He said, "I collapsed due to over-exhaustion, dehydration, stress, too little food and nutrition, too many Red Bulls, etc. It took me several hours of throwing up, being wrapped in blankets and laying down before I was carried out of the venue hours after the show."

Cover artwork
Coincidentally, the album was originally released on September 11, 2001. Because the cover artwork depicts the New York skyline, including the twin towers of the World Trade Center, in flames, it was recalled and re-released shortly with the band's Majesty symbol in gold instead. The original artwork was based on the cover for Dream Theater's 1992 album Images and Words, which includes a heart in flames and wrapped in barbed wire. In the heart’s place for this release was an apple instead, for New York City’s nickname "The Big Apple".

Track listing
All music was composed by Dream Theater except where noted.

Disc three also contains the video for "Another Day" and the keyboard solo.

Personnel

 * James LaBrie – lead vocals; percussion
 * John Myung – bass
 * John Petrucci – guitars; backing vocals
 * Mike Portnoy – drums; backing vocals
 * Jordan Rudess – keyboards

Additional personnel

 * Theresa Thomason - Guest Vocals on "Through Her Eyes" and "The Spirit Carries On"
 * Gospel Choir - on "The Spirit Carries On"
 * Jo Marno - Choir Coordinator
 * Jay Beckenstein - Soprano Sax on "Another Day"
 * Kent Broadhurst - The Hypnotherapist

title: Live Scenes from New York


text: User:Martinultima

title: User:Martinultima


text:
User talk:E F F E C T

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
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Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:E F F E C T


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User talk:Jelly441

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Merry Christmas From The Morse Family
Hi could you check out the action being proposed on ]Merry Christmas From The Morse Family (album) please and make your comments - not trying to influence you but - you'll see what I mean I hope. :: Kevinalewis : please contact me on my Talk Page : 10:28, 5 January 2006 (UTC)

Happy Birthday
Hi! Just a note to say Happy Birthday from the Wikipedia Birthday Committee. --Ali K 09:25, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

Happy Birthday!
The Birthday Committee would like to wish you a happy birthday! JaredW! (Oops, I just noticed somebody else already got to you.) Oh, well. 12:17, 15 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Happy Birthday from me as well. - [[Image:Ottawa flag.png|20px]] [[Image:Flag of Ontario.svg|20px]] [[Image:Flag of Canada.svg|20px]]  nath a  nrdotcom  ( T •  C  • W) 17:28, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jelly441


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Talk:Steyning

While adding contact details for shops and services on steyning highstreet is useful, I have deleted this self promotion for being inappropriate.

"== Business and Industry == Steyning is home to a number of interesting businesses, including:

SME - the home of arguably the finest precision gramophone pick-up arms and turntables in the world. Fisk Brett - a computer consultancy that specialises in developing fund raising and database software and services for charities and not–for–profits."

Football club edit
"Steyning is also home to a succesful amateur football club, Steyning FC, who are climbing ever higher. Although mainly composed of local villagers, there is the odd ex-professional involved. That said, the star of the team is a local boy, Mark Watkins, currently 19."

 * Is there any evidence for this? Also not sure this does justice to Steyning's sports scene.  Misses out the Norfolk Arms Rugby Club, the successful bowls team and Steyning's strong history in competitive walking.  Mpntod 00:12, Sep 27, 2004 (UTC)

The bit about pubs is hardly written in an encyclopaedic manner.

Hooch and cider comment?
Is it really necessary or impartial to make the jibes? I know it's a good laugh, but it'd be good for the steyning page to develop a lot more into something more structured and an article that represented the rich history of the area, and it doesn't seem in the spirit of things.
 * Completely agree. This section needs a reedit. It would be good to get input on some new sections. For example, there's a lot to say about sport in Steyning. Mpntod June 30, 2005 07:06 (UTC)

Sections needed
I've had a look at the sections in the featured article on Bath and they include:
 * An introductory paragraph
 * Geography
 * Situation and transport
 * Physical geography
 * Climate
 * Politics
 * Local government
 * Demographics
 * History
 * Culture
 * Bath in the Arts
 * Sport
 * Business
 * Tourism
 * Transport
 * The architecture of Bath
 * Education
 * Media
 * Places of interest
 * External links
 * General
 * Sports
 * References
 * Notes

Currently we only have two of these sections! Mpntod June 30, 2005 06:18 (UTC)

Map
The map is unsatisfactory. It does not even say which of the built-up areas is Steyning. Xxanthippe (talk) 07:08, 24 October 2009 (UTC).
 * I assume you are referring to the map in the infobox, as the old OS map on the left is clearly marked. I can see a red dot marking Steyning's position in West Sussex. If you can't perhaps there is a problem with your browser.--Charles (talk) 10:01, 24 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, I can see that. It would be useful to have some of the other conurbations named. Also an indicator of distance. Xxanthippe (talk) 11:08, 24 October 2009 (UTC).
 * Yes, fair point. It is the system generally used for infoboxes across the country. I suppose map availability is very limited because of copyright. Perhaps we should look for an older map of the whole county that could be used on the main West Sussex page to give an overview. I will investigate.

--Charles (talk) 11:51, 24 October 2009 (UTC)

Etymology
T.E. Lawrence in Seven Pillars of Wisdom (p 220 and elsewhere in 1976 edition) uses steyning to mean the lining of a well. Does anyone know of a connection of well-linings to the town? Bob Grundy (talk) 01:17, 1 January 2013 (UTC)
 * No connection, it's a variant spelling of steening according to the OED MidlandLinda (talk) 21:09, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Old railway line
Is it correct to say that the route of the old railway line around Steyning is now a footpath and cycle track? When I last looked, a large part of the old railway route is now the A283 and has been for some years... Longfinal (talk) 21:56, 13 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Steyning


text:
Jan Łaski

Jan Łaski or Johannes à Lasco (1499 – 8 January 1560) was a Polish Calvinist reformer. Owing to his influential work in England (1548–1553) during the English Reformation, he is known to the English-speaking world by the Anglicised form John à Lasco (or less commonly, John Laski).

Life
Jan Łaski was born in 1499 as the second son of Jarosław Łaski, the voivode of Sieradz, and Zuzanna of Bąkowa Góra. Following Hermann Dalton's claims in his nineteenth-century biography of Łaski, a number of historians have identified the Łaski family's castle in Łask as his place of birth, although recent Polish scholarship concludes that the exact location cannot be ascertained.

His uncle, also Jan Łaski, was the Archbishop of Gniezno, Primate of Poland and Grand Chancellor of the Crown, and he was instrumental in forwarding the early career of his nephew. The coat-of-arms of the Łaski family was Korab.

After his family's fall from political power and prestige, Łaski, a learned priest, went in 1523 to Basel, where he became a close friend of Erasmus and Zwingli. In 1542, he became pastor of a Protestant church at Emden, East Frisia. A public library in Emden is named after him (https://www.jalb.de/22758-438-0-73.html), it received the 'Bibliothek des Jahres' (Library of the year) award of the German Library Association in 2001 (https://www.bibliotheksverband.de/bibliothek-des-jahres#BibliothekdesJahres2001). Shortly after his stay in Emden he went to England, where in 1550 he was superintendent of the Strangers' Church of London and had some influence on ecclesiastical affairs in the reign of Edward VI.

Upon the accession of Catholic Queen Mary in July 1553, he fled to Copenhagen with a shipload of refugees from the Strangers' Church. However they were denied refuge there because they would not accept the Augsburg Confession of Faith. They were resettled in Brandenburg. Łaski also helped Catherine Willoughby and her husband after they too had left England. His support enabled them to obtain an appointment from Sigismund II as administrators of Lithuania. Łaski was a correspondent of John Hooper, whom Łaski supported in the vestments controversy.

In 1556, he was recalled to Poland, where he became secretary to King Sigismund II and was a leader in Calvinism.

His contributions to the Calvinist churches were the establishment of church government in theory and practice, a denial of any distinction between ministers and elders except in terms of who could teach and administer the sacraments. A meeting with the Anabaptist Menno Simons in 1544 led Łaski to coin the term "Mennonites" for the followers of Simons.

He died in Pińczów, Poland.

Works

 * Forma ac ratio (1550) -- A "Form and Rationale" for the liturgy of the Stranger churches in London. Possibly influenced the 1552 Book of Common Prayer, John Knox's Scottish order, the Middleburg ordinal, the 1563 German Palatinate order, and the "forms and prayers" in Pieter Dathenus' psalter, which was influential in Dutch Calvinist churches.
 * Johannes a Lasco, Opera (Works), ed. Abraham Kuyper (Amsterdam: F. Muller, 1866).

title: Jan Łaski


text:
Hydrophobic effect

The hydrophobic effect is the observed tendency of nonpolar substances to aggregate in an aqueous solution and to be excluded by water. The word hydrophobic literally means "water-fearing", and it describes the segregation of water and nonpolar substances, which maximizes the entropy of water and minimizes the area of contact between water and nonpolar molecules. In terms of thermodynamics, the hydrophobic effect is the free energy change of water surrounding a solute. A positive free energy change of the surrounding solvent indicates hydrophobicity, whereas a negative free energy change implies hydrophilicity.

The hydrophobic effect is responsible for the separation of a mixture of oil and water into its two components. It is also responsible for effects related to biology, including: cell membrane and vesicle formation, protein folding, insertion of membrane proteins into the nonpolar lipid environment and protein-small molecule associations. Hence the hydrophobic effect is essential to life. Substances for which this effect is observed are known as hydrophobes.

Amphiphiles
Amphiphiles are molecules that have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. Detergents are composed of amphiphiles that allow hydrophobic molecules to be solubilized in water by forming micelles and bilayers (as in soap bubbles). They are also important to cell membranes composed of amphiphilic phospholipids that prevent the internal aqueous environment of a cell from mixing with external water.

Folding of macromolecules
In the case of protein folding, the hydrophobic effect is important to understanding the structure of proteins that have hydrophobic amino acids (such as valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine) clustered together within the protein. Structures of globular proteins have a hydrophobic core in which hydrophobic side chains are buried from water, which stabilizes the folded state. Charged and polar side chains are situated on the solvent-exposed surface where they interact with surrounding water molecules. Minimizing the number of hydrophobic side chains exposed to water is the principal driving force behind the folding process,  although formation of hydrogen bonds within the protein also stabilizes protein structure.

The energetics of DNA tertiary-structure assembly were determined to be driven by the hydrophobic effect, in addition to Watson–Crick base pairing, which is responsible for sequence selectivity, and stacking interactions between the aromatic bases.

Protein purification
In biochemistry, the hydrophobic effect can be used to separate mixtures of proteins based on their hydrophobicity. Column chromatography with a hydrophobic stationary phase such as phenyl-sepharose will cause more hydrophobic proteins to travel more slowly, while less hydrophobic ones elute from the column sooner. To achieve better separation, a salt may be added (higher concentrations of salt increase the hydrophobic effect) and its concentration decreased as the separation progresses.

Cause
The origin of the hydrophobic effect is not fully understood. Some argue that the hydrophobic interaction is mostly an entropic effect originating from the disruption of highly dynamic hydrogen bonds between molecules of liquid water by the nonpolar solute. A hydrocarbon chain or a similar nonpolar region of a large molecule is incapable of forming hydrogen bonds with water. Introduction of such a non-hydrogen bonding surface into water causes disruption of the hydrogen bonding network between water molecules. The hydrogen bonds are reoriented tangentially to such surface to minimize disruption of the hydrogen bonded 3D network of water molecules, and this leads to a structured water "cage" around the nonpolar surface. The water molecules that form the "cage" (or clathrate) have restricted mobility. In the solvation shell of small nonpolar particles, the restriction amounts to some 10%. For example, in the case of dissolved xenon at room temperature a mobility restriction of 30% has been found. In the case of larger nonpolar molecules, the reorientational and translational motion of the water molecules in the solvation shell may be restricted by a factor of two to four; thus, at 25 °C the reorientational correlation time of water increases from 2 to 4-8 picoseconds. Generally, this leads to significant losses in translational and rotational entropy of water molecules and makes the process unfavorable in terms of the free energy in the system. By aggregating together, nonpolar molecules reduce the surface area exposed to water and minimize their disruptive effect.

The hydrophobic effect can be quantified by measuring the partition coefficients of non-polar molecules between water and non-polar solvents. The partition coefficients can be transformed to free energy of transfer which includes enthalpic and entropic components, ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. These components are experimentally determined by calorimetry. The hydrophobic effect was found to be entropy-driven at room temperature because of the reduced mobility of water molecules in the solvation shell of the non-polar solute; however, the enthalpic component of transfer energy was found to be favorable, meaning it strengthened water-water hydrogen bonds in the solvation shell due to the reduced mobility of water molecules. At the higher temperature, when water molecules become more mobile, this energy gain decreases along with the entropic component. The hydrophobic effect depends on the temperature, which leads to "cold denaturation" of proteins.

The hydrophobic effect can be calculated by comparing the free energy of solvation with bulk water. In this way, the hydrophobic effect not only can be localized but also decomposed into enthalpic and entropic contributions.

title: Hydrophobic effect


text: User talk:24.146.23.30

title: User talk:24.146.23.30


text: Category:Beretta pistols

title: Category:Beretta pistols


text:
The Future (Leonard Cohen album)

The Future is the ninth studio album by the Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen, released in 1992. Almost an hour in length, it was Cohen's longest album up to that date. Both the fall of the Berlin Wall and the 1992 Los Angeles riots took place while Cohen was writing and recording the album, which expressed his sense of the world's turbulence. The album was recorded with a large cast of musicians and engineers in several different studios; the credits list almost 30 female singers. The album built on the success of Cohen's previous album, I'm Your Man, and garnered overwhelmingly positive reviews. The Future made the Top 40 in the UK album charts, went double platinum in Canada, and sold a quarter of a million copies in the U.S., which had previously been unenthusiastic about Cohen's albums.

Background
After touring successfully in support of his "comeback" album I'm Your Man (1988), Cohen took a year off to help his son Adam convalesce after a serious car accident in the West Indies left the young man in a coma for four months. Cohen also began a romantic relationship with the actress Rebecca De Mornay. Anthony Reynolds notes in his book Leonard Cohen: A Remarkable Life that work on Cohen's ninth studio album "was not forged in one concentrated effort. The number of studios used ran into double figures and was spread between Montreal and Los Angeles, although the original plan was to record it in Montreal only, with the same personnel that had worked on I'm Your Man. The cast brought to bear on the album was more akin to a movie production and included both a choir and an orchestra..." The songwriting process had not gotten easier for Cohen over the years; in an interview with Q, the singer admitted, "I've never found it easy to write. Period. I mean, I don't want to whine about it or anything but...it's a bitch! It's terrible work. I'm very disciplined in that I can settle down into the work situation but coming up with the words is very hard. Hard on the heart, hard on the head and it just drives you mad. Before you know it, you're crawling across the carpet in your underwear trying to find a rhyme for 'orange'. It's a terrible, cruel job. But I'm not complaining."

Composition
According to Ira Nadel's 1996 Cohen memoir Various Positions, the title track was originally called "If You Could See What's Coming Next", and underwent extensive rewrites, taking up almost sixty pages in Cohen's notebook, while "Closing Time" took two years with Cohen even starting over from scratch on the song as late as March 1992. Nadel also reveals that "Anthem" was borrowed from Kabbalistic sources, especially the sixteenth-century rabbi Isaac Luria. In the Paul Zollo book Songwriters on Songwriting, Cohen explains that it takes him so long to finish songs because "Nothing works. After a while, if you stick with the song long enough it will yield. But long enough is way beyond any reasonable estimation of what you think long enough may be...'Anthem' took a decade to write. And I've recorded it three times. More." This is borne out by the fact that some of the lyrics already appear in the song "The Bells" from the soundtrack of the 1986 film Night Magic. In the same interview, Cohen spoke at length about "Democracy", admitting that he wrote 60 verses for it: "This was when the Berlin Wall came down and everyone was saying democracy is coming to the east. And I was like that gloomy fellow who always turns up at a party to ruin the orgy or something. And I said, 'I don't think it's going to happen that way. I don't think this is such a good idea. I think a lot of suffering will be the consequence of this wall coming down.' But then I asked myself, 'Where is democracy really coming?' And it was the U.S.A....So while everyone was rejoicing, I thought it wasn't going to be like that, euphoric, the honeymoon. So it was these world events that occasioned the song. And also the love of America. Because I think the irony of America is transcendent in the song. It's not an ironic song. It's a song of deep intimacy and affirmation of the experiment of democracy in this country. That this is really where the experiment is unfolding. This is really where the races confront one another, where the classes, where the genders, where even the sexual orientations confront one another. This is the real laboratory of democracy."

Political events and history are found elsewhere on the album, with Cohen making references to Tiananmen Square, Stalin, World War II and Hiroshima. "I was living in L.A. through the riots and the earthquakes and the floods," the singer told Uncut's Nigel Williamson in 1997. "And even for one as relentlessly occupied with himself as I am it is very hard to keep your mind on yourself when the place is burning down, so I think that invited me to look out of the window." Although the tone of the album is at times sombre, it does contain much of the wry humour that is evident on Cohen's previous LP I'm Your Man. The Future also contains two cover songs—Irving Berlin's "Always" and Frederick Knight's "Be For Real"—as well as "Tacoma Trailer", the first instrumental that Cohen had ever placed on one of his studio albums. Several producers are credited on the LP, including Cohen and Rebecca De Mornay.

Film soundtracks and covers
Three songs from this album, "Anthem", "The Future", and the menacing "Waiting for the Miracle" (co-written by Sharon Robinson) were used prominently on the soundtrack for Oliver Stone's 1994 film Natural Born Killers. "Waiting for the Miracle" also appeared in the film Wonder Boys starring Michael Douglas and "The Future" was featured in The Life of David Gale starring Kevin Spacey. A cover version of "Light as The Breeze" by Billy Joel appears on the tribute album Tower of Song released in 1995. Billy Joel included his version on his compilation Billy Joel Greatest Hits Volume III in 1997. A cover version of "Anthem" appears on the album Matador: The Songs of Leonard Cohen released by the Canadian singer Patricia O'Callaghan in 2012, and Bob Seger included a cover of "Democracy" on his 2017 album I Knew You When.

At the 2017 Tower of Song: A Memorial Tribute to Leonard Cohen concert, "Democracy" was performed by Wesley Schultz and Jeremiah Fraites of The Lumineers, and "The Future" was performed by Elvis Costello. The Lumineers would go on to include an official cover of "Democracy" as a bonus track for their third studio album, III, in 2019.

Reception
The album charted as high as No. 36 in the UK and was phenomenally successful in Canada, going gold, platinum, and double-platinum. Cohen also won the Canadian Juno Award for Best Male Vocalist in 1993 for The Future. In his acceptance speech, he quipped, "Only in Canada could somebody with a voice like mine win Vocalist of the Year." The music video for Cohen's song "Closing Time" also won the Juno Award for Best Music Video in 1993. In the original Rolling Stone review, Christian Wright called the album "epic", enthusing "The Future might as easily have been a book: A more troubling, more vexing image of human failure has not been written." Christopher Fielder of AllMusic calls the LP "one long manifesto calling all to challenge the concepts of righteousness and despair in our modern world." In 2010 biographer Anthony Reynolds called The Future "classic big budget AOR yet with lyrics by Lorca, Bukowski and Lowell, sung by an old wino from Skid Row who really wanted to sound like Ray Charles at the Apollo."

Personnel

 * Leonard Cohen – vocals, programming
 * Bob Metzger, Paul Jackson Jr., Dean Parks, Dennis Herring – guitar
 * Freddie Washington, Bob Glaub, Lee Sklar – bass
 * Steve Lindsey, Greg Phillinganes, Jeff Fisher, Randy Kerber, John Barnes, Jim Cox, Mike Finnigan, Stephen Croes – keyboards
 * Steve Meador, James Gadson, Vinnie Colaiuta, Ed Greene – drums
 * Lenny Castro – percussion
 * David Campbell – orchestra arrangements, conductor
 * Brandon Fields, Lon Price – tenor saxophone
 * Greg Smith – baritone saxophone
 * Lee Thornburg – trumpet, trombone
 * Bob Furgo – violin
 * Anjani Thomas, Jacquelyn Gouche-Farris, Tony Warren, Valerie Pinkston-Mayo, Julie Christensen, Perla Batalla, David Morgan, Jennifer Warnes, Edna Wright, Jean Johnson, Peggi Blu – backing vocals
 * The L.A. Mass Choir – choir; directed by Donald Taylor
 * Jennifer Warnes – vocals

title: The Future (Leonard Cohen album)


text:
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ArbCom elections are now open!
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File:Kmulligan aged 2.jpg listed for discussion
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title: User talk:Kx1186


text:
User talk:Logariasmo

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Merged articles and credits
You asked: If one article (A) is merged into another article (B), should those who edited the former (A) be credited? If so, how?--Logariasmo 18:50, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes, request a history merge from an editor. So that the history of A is moved to B crediting all relevant editors. Mgm| (talk) 12:15, Dec 23, 2004 (UTC)

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June 2012
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ArbCom elections are now open!
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User:Awolsoldier

Only edited a few pages
"unsupervised office worker-wikiholic".

title: User:Awolsoldier


text:
Haruhi Aiso

Aiso Haruhi (相曽 晴日) is a female Japanese popular music artist. She has also written songs for Iwao Junko and Iwasaki Hiromi.

Singles

 * "Mai" (21 August 1982)
 * "Kohihausu nite" (5 March 1983)
 * "Suisaiga" (21 July 1983)
 * "Ichigo no Kaze" (21 April 1984)
 * "Otoko to Onna de" (5 March 1985)
 * "Yume no mama no Yutopia" (5 June 1985) - A duet with Matsuzaki Makoto

Albums

 * Towairaito no Kaze (LP:5 November 1982) (CD:21 April 1985) - Re-released by Yamaha Music Communications on December 12, 2001
 * Kaze ha Kimagure (LP:21 August 1983) (CD:22 October 2003)
 * Akai Pedhikyua (LP:5 June 1984) (CD:22 October 2003)
 * Intrigue (LP:25 April 1985) (CD:5 November 1985) - Re-released by King Records on October 22, 2003
 * High noon High moon (5 September 1987)
 * TRICTRAC - Aiso Haruhi Best Selection (21 November 1987)
 * Taiyō no Gochiso (21 April 1988)
 * Uchu no Kioku (5 November 1988)
 * Aiso Haruhi Collection (26 November 1999)
 * Tsuki no Kodomo (24 December 2000)
 * Shiawase ni Narou (25 December 2002)
 * Aiso Haruhi Best (26 March 2003)

title: Haruhi Aiso


text:
User talk:Martinultima

Don't be discouraged!
NOTE: For the record I'm not planning to RfA again any time soon, but for those who posted comments below I appreciate your support!

I understand why you're annoyed after the failure of your RfA. I can empathise; I was devastated when my first RfA failed, back in November. But I stayed around, worked hard, and this month I passed RfA on my second attempt. The only reason you didn't pass is because you don't have enough experience yet; you need to work more in areas such as Articles for deletion, recentchange patrolling, and the like, in order to get more experience. If you stick around for a few months and do that, I'll nominate you myself once you have 3,000 edits. Wal ton  Need some help?  16:46, 30 April 2007 (UTC)

Perhaps if you become a bit more active it will help a bit? Don't be discouraged. :-)and I'll even co nom you if you become good enough. Shindo9 Hikaru  01:04, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

User:Martinultima/Terri Schiavo
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NOCC
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title: User talk:Martinultima


text:
Lie–Kolchin theorem

In mathematics, the Lie–Kolchin theorem is a theorem in the representation theory of linear algebraic groups; Lie's theorem is the analog for linear Lie algebras.

It states that if G is a connected and solvable linear algebraic group defined over an algebraically closed field and

 * $$\rho\colon G \to GL(V)$$

a representation on a nonzero finite-dimensional vector space V, then there is a one-dimensional linear subspace L of V such that

 * $$\rho(G)(L) = L.$$

That is, ρ(G) has an invariant line L, on which G therefore acts through a one-dimensional representation. This is equivalent to the statement that V contains a nonzero vector v that is a common (simultaneous) eigenvector for all $$ \rho(g), \,\, g \in G $$.

It follows directly that every irreducible finite-dimensional representation of a connected and solvable linear algebraic group G has dimension one. In fact, this is another way to state the Lie–Kolchin theorem.

The result for Lie algebras was proved by  and for algebraic groups was proved by.

The Borel fixed point theorem generalizes the Lie–Kolchin theorem.

Triangularization
Sometimes the theorem is also referred to as the Lie–Kolchin triangularization theorem because by induction it implies that with respect to a suitable basis of V the image $$\rho(G)$$ has a triangular shape; in other words, the image group $$\rho(G)$$ is conjugate in GL(n,K) (where n = dim V) to a subgroup of the group T of upper triangular matrices, the standard Borel subgroup of GL(n,K): the image is simultaneously triangularizable.

The theorem applies in particular to a Borel subgroup of a semisimple linear algebraic group G.

Counter-example
If the field K is not algebraically closed, the theorem can fail. The standard unit circle, viewed as the set of complex numbers $$ \{ x+iy \in \mathbb{C} \mid x^2+y^2=1 \} $$ of absolute value one is a one-dimensional commutative (and therefore solvable) linear algebraic group over the real numbers which has a two-dimensional representation into the special orthogonal group SO(2) without an invariant (real) line. Here the image $$ \rho(z)$$ of $$ z=x+iy $$ is the orthogonal matrix

 * $$ \begin{pmatrix} x & y \\ -y & x \end{pmatrix}.$$

title: Lie–Kolchin theorem


text:
User talk:Awolsoldier

Nothing to see here. Just removed the welcome message.

title: User talk:Awolsoldier


text: User talk:65.34.152.131

title: User talk:65.34.152.131


text:
User talk:QINGCHARLES

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Fair use rationale for Image:Lemmings psp screenshot.jpg
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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Lemmings psp screenshot.jpg)
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As they say in the movies, "oh be-have". Seriously, though, we are trying to write an encyclopedia here, so don't make joke edits. Some readers looking for a serious article might not find them amusing. Remember, millions of people read Wikipedia, so we have to take what we do a bit seriously here. If you'd like to experiment with editing, try the sandbox, where you can write whatever you want (as long as it's not offensive). Maybe you should check out Bad Jokes and Other Deleted Nonsense. Netkinetic  (t / c / @) 04:53, 2 April 2008 (UTC) Netkinetic  (t / c / @)  04:53, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Qeqertaq Avannarleq (August 27)
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KylieTastic (talk) 20:18, 27 August 2021 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Qeqertaq Avannarleq has been accepted
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December 2021
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AfC notification: Draft:Coronation roll has a new comment
 I've left a comment on your Articles for Creation submission, which can be viewed at Draft:Coronation roll. Thanks! Safari Scribe Edits! Talk! 17:18, 3 May 2024 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Coronation roll (May 3)
 Your recent article submission to Articles for Creation has been reviewed. Unfortunately, it has not been accepted at this time. The reason left by SafariScribe was:

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Safari Scribe Edits! Talk! 17:18, 3 May 2024 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Coronation roll (July 2)
 Your recent article submission to Articles for Creation has been reviewed. Unfortunately, it has not been accepted at this time. The reason left by Ca was:

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Ca talk to me!  09:40, 2 July 2024 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Coronation roll (July 3)
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Johannes (Talk) (Contribs) (Articles) 21:40, 3 July 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:QINGCHARLES


text: User talk:24.43.176.148

title: User talk:24.43.176.148


text: User talk:4.60.65.226

title: User talk:4.60.65.226