text:
Talk:Cooloola monster

Untitled

 * Cooloola monster--can someone verify this? Also please check linked articles. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 20:57, Sep 28, 2004 (UTC)
 * It seems to be generally OK. I fixed lots of typos on this and the Cooloolidae page and moved the material about the Cooloolidae family to that page. There seem to exist slightly different taxonomies in this area (compare and ), but apart from that the entries appear sound. Both the animal and the park exist -- so it's certainly more than just a hoax or a pun on "cool" :-) I removed "Rentz 1980" from the name and mentioned the discovery explicitly instead. Fpahl 22:31, 28 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Thank you. [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 02:18, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)

Size
How big is this monster? 2001:56A:F414:D300:60D5:B853:F4AF:DD98 (talk) 05:22, 2 November 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cooloola monster


text:
Talk:HP calculators

HP-42S
"Simply the best pocket calculator available. Still has its drawbacks and doesn't quite measure up to a 41c"

Erm. If it is 'simply the best', how come it doesn't 'measure up to the 41c'? Intrigue 07:28, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Good point. Also, I'm not familiar with the calculator, but is 'simply the best' NPOV? Seems not to me.. :-\ splintax 14:40, 17 August 2005 (UTC)

HP 20b
I've been told that the HP 20b "Business Consultant" calculator was released in July 2008. Add it to this article? --68.0.124.33 (talk) 04:14, 19 December 2008 (UTC)

History
The HP35, 1972-1975, was the first hand-held scientific calculator. It was replaced by the much cheaper HP25 in early 1975. (There is a useful museum site for these devices, http://www.hpmuseum.org/) The HP35 was expensive at $350, and sales were slow. While the precision was good, the first 35k units had a flaw. For example ln(exp 2.02) returned 2.00 rather than 2.02. HP offered to replace them.

HP calcs are still around, although RPN is no longer the rule. Prices range form $15 to $200. 1970s HPs are collectors items, and a working HP25 with the original leather case and manuals will fetch $250. Thats about twice what it sold for in 1978, the final year of production. In early '75, the introduction year, it was $195 in the US, but quickly dropped to about $150 to match the TI offerings. The chances of an HP25 surviving the dreaded battery leak were slim. The nicad pack had to be replaced every 2yrs, which few owners ever did since the battery packs were $40 in 1975.

Texas Instruments were HP's only rival in the top end calculators of the 70s. Both used the power hungry led displays, and battery charges only lasted for 1hr. Prices ranged from $120 to many hundreds. Cheap calcs made in Taiwan appeared in the late 1975, but HP and TI kept the high professional end. By 1980 the lcd had arrived meaning two AA batts would last for months. Better and cheaper VLSI chips meant that high end calcs would retail for $20, and run for months on a carbon battery.27.33.244.147 (talk) 23:33, 25 April 2015 (UTC)

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manufactured
The article starts with HP calculators are various calculators manufactured by the Hewlett-Packard company over the years. As far as I know, in general, this isn't true. Many products designed and sold by a company are built by others. They might even contract out much of the design. iPhones are manufactured by Foxconn, but we call them Apple phones, not Foxconn phones. So, I believe it should say either sold or designed. Gah4 (talk) 21:08, 7 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Except that they were manufactured by HP. Andy Dingley (talk) 21:43, 7 July 2019 (UTC)
 * The article says that some were designed by Kinpo. Were they built by Kinpo, HP, or someone else? Gah4 (talk) 07:17, 8 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes, the last ones were outsourced. But then they're of no significance whatsoever.
 * This is a dreadful article on an important topic. It conveys almost nothing useful about HP calculators. One of its faults is the order of the list in the middle, in particular it begins with those unimportant late-model disposable schoolkid models. This would be a far better article if it only listed four models here! These are the ones which matter: HP-35, HP-65, HP-41C, HP-16C and in that order. Andy Dingley (talk) 10:35, 8 July 2019 (UTC)

 * I might agree with you, but then there is WP:NPOV. Yesterday I bought an HP-45 at an estate sale, though I have to figure out how to replace the batteries.  I suspect that I would rather have the HP-45 than the newer ones that you mention.  As well as I know, though, unless you find a reliable source that those models are of no significance, they should be included.  As they are now included, the text should agree with the list. Gah4 (talk) 03:24, 9 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Gah, do you go out of your way to perversely misunderstand everything I write, at every article? Andy Dingley (talk) 09:32, 9 July 2019 (UTC)
 * No. Your name is familiar, but I don't remember which other pages I might have seen it on. I don't keep track of people and which pages they edit. Gah4 (talk) 11:23, 9 July 2019 (UTC)
 * BTW, much as I too would like to find a nice HP-45, it still has only trivial value to the history of HP calculators, because it's no more than an improved HP-35. Andy Dingley (talk) 09:34, 9 July 2019 (UTC)
 * This page isn't History of HP Calculators, though I suppose there could be one of those. We might disagree with decisions that HP makes, but are supposed to fairly document here the calculators that they sold and sell. I suppose it could be arranged as a sortable table, so one could sort based on name or date of introduction, or some other column. Gah4 (talk) 11:23, 9 July 2019 (UTC)

The timeline should be chronological, not alphabetical!
No HP enthusiast wants to scroll the timeline by the name. We all want to scroll it by date!

If somebody wants to find a particular calculator, they'd Find it. Right? Gwrede (talk) 23:52, 26 December 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:HP calculators


text:
Talk:Cooloola (insect)

Untitled
The taxonomy of Ensifera seems to be in dispute; it seems from some superficial Googling that some taxonomists recognize the superfamily Gryllacridoidea mentioned in the article and others don't. If someone has more detailed knowledge on this they might want to edit the article accordingly.

title: Talk:Cooloola (insect)


text:
1920 South American Championship

The 1920 South American Championship of Nations was the fourth continental championship for nations in South America. It was held in Valparaíso, Chile from 11 to 26 September 1920.

Overview
The participating countries were the host Chile, Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil as the defending champion. Uruguay regained the title lost in the last edition, thus becoming champion for the third time in the first four editions of the tournament. Ángel Romano was the top goalscorer alongside teammate José Pérez, with three goals, repeating his feat of three years earlier.

Brazil's 6–0 loss to Uruguay in this tournament would not be equaled until the 2014 FIFA World Cup, 94 years later, where they lost 7–1 against Germany.

Squads
For a complete list of participating squads see: 1920 South American Championship squads

Final round
Each team played one match against each of the other teams. Two points were awarded for a win, one point for a draw and zero points for a defeat.

Goal scorers
3 goals

 * José Pérez
 * Ángel Romano

2 goals
 * 🇦🇷 Raúl Echeverría

1 goal

 * 🇦🇷 Miguel Dellavalle
 * 🇦🇷 Julio Libonatti
 * 🇧🇷 Ismael Alvariza
 * Hernando Bolados
 * Aurelio Domínguez
 * Antonio Campolo
 * José Piendibene
 * Antonio Urdinarán

title: 1920 South American Championship


text:
Pays d'Auge

The Pays d'Auge (, literally Land of Auge) is an area in Normandy, straddling the départements of Calvados and Orne (plus a small part of the territory of Eure). The chief town is Lisieux.

Geography
Generally it consists of the basin of the Touques River.

The Pays d'Auge is divided into the following cantons: Canton of Cabourg, Canton of Dozulé, Canton of Trouville Deauville, Canton of Honfleur, Canton of Troarn, Canton of Cambremer, Canton of Pont-l'Évêque, Canton of Blangy-le-Château, Canton of Mézidon-Canon, Canton of Lisieux, Canton of Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives, Canton of Livarot, Canton of Orbec, Canton of Trun, Canton of Vimoutiers, Canton of Exmes and Canton of Gacé.

Economy
The landscape of this area is considered typical of Normandy—agricultural and producing dairy produce and apples. It is noted for its cheeses, especially Camembert (named for a place in Pays d'Auge), Livarot and Pont-l'Évêque, also names of villages.

The Pays d'Auge has been granted appellation contrôlée status for its cider and calvados.

Culture
The Norman dialect of the Pays d'Auge is known as Augeron. The Pays d'Auge is classed as a Land of Art and History by the national Ministry of Culture.

title: Pays d'Auge


text: File:The whole ten yards.jpg

title: File:The whole ten yards.jpg


text:
Roads in Victoria

Victoria has the highest density of roads of any state in Australia. Unlike Australia's other mainland states, which have vast areas with virtually no residents, Victoria has population centres spread out over most of the state, with only the far north-west and the Victorian Alps without significant settlements. Population centres are linked by high quality highways and freeways. The state capital, Melbourne, has the most extensive freeway network of any city in Australia.

VicRoads is responsible for road planning, motor vehicle registration, and driver licensing in Victoria. The Victorian government has set up a framework for the integration of transport facilities in the State. Two private companies operate toll roads in the state.

Roads in Victoria are shared by a multitude of modes of transport, ranging from trucks to bicycles, public buses, trams, taxis as well as private cars of all types. Road safety is a primary concern of road authorities, including the police and government. Victoria was the first jurisdiction in the world to introduce compulsory seat belt legislation. Other measures introduced are drunk driving laws and speed cameras. Victorian road laws are constantly reviewed. The number of road fatalities has declined over the past decade in line with the rest of the country.

History
Melbourne was founded in 1835. In 1837, Robert Hoddle laid out a road plan for the new town, which is commonly referred to as the Hoddle Grid. His plan covers the area from Flinders Street to Queen Victoria Market, and from Spencer Street to Spring Street. Since then the grid has been extended, as the town stretched out along the tram and rail lines, often with stretches of open country in between.

Highways
Victoria has the highest density of highways of any state in Australia. Unlike Australia's other mainland states, where vast areas are very sparsely inhabited, Victoria has population centres spread out over most of the state, with only the far north-west and the Victorian Alps without permanent settlement. Highways connect these population centres.

Highways generally radiate from Melbourne and other major cities and rural centres with secondary roads connecting the highways to each other. These highways provide links for state and interstate freight, personal travel and tourism, and most routes have higher traffic than most other states. Highways such as Hume Highway, Western Highway and Princes Highway have some of the heaviest traffic in Australia.

Many of the highways are built to freeway standard ("M" freeways), while most are generally sealed and of reasonable to high quality.

Urban freeways
In the 1950s and 1960s, private ownership of cars increased, and newer suburbs were created beyond the tram and rail networks. This eventually led to congestion on the road network between the suburbs and the CBD.

As Melbourne extended, planners and politicians decided that the roads could no longer cope. The 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan called for construction of an extensive network of freeways. The Victorian government were advised by American highway planners and it sent its road engineers to the United States. The resulting network is the most extensive in Australia.

Unlike many American cities, Melbourne had an extensive public transport network and opposition to the plan grew, arguing that money is better spent on public transport upgrades, particularly to areas of Melbourne poorly served by public transport such as the outer east. This led to clashes including the showdown in 1977, over the plan to build the F19 freeway through Collingwood and Fitzroy. In the fiercest battle, groups of protesters such as the Carlton Association barricaded Alexandra Parade. Although the resulting Eastern Freeway was finally built, many road projects were shelved and freeway construction was suspended until the mid-1990s. One notable exception was the Monash Freeway, which was constructed under the John Cain Labor government. The party had a policy of no new freeways, but the road was desperately needed to link the existing Mulgrave and South-Eastern freeways. The result was a multi-lane highway with traffic lights at several major intersection. This created traffic congestion, the road being dubbed Melbourne's longest carpark. It was eventually upgraded to freeway standard, and incorporated into the Monash Freeway.

Freeway construction resumed in the 1990s, with the construction of the Western Ring Road, CityLink and others. Most of these freeways are expected eventually to join in a continuous and extensive network. Most recently, the M11 Peninsula Link was opened in 2013, to join the 2 halves of the unfinished Mornington Peninsula Freeway.

Impact of road transport in Melbourne
Where they were built, population growth followed, as Melburnians moved away from the crowded inner and middle suburbs to cheaper outer suburbs; for example, Monash Freeway and Mornington Peninsula Freeway led to explosive growth of population in the south east and the Mornington Peninsula. The completion of Western Ring Road spurred housing growth in the western suburbs.

Notable multiple fatality incidents

 * 23 March 2007 – Burnley Tunnel – 3 deaths, 3 injuries – 10 car pile-up, 400 evacuated
 * 17 January 2010 – Mill Park, Melbourne – 5 deaths, 1 injured – 1 car split a tree in half

2010 it was announced by the State Government that trucks would be banned from the right-hand lane along a 38-kilometre section of the Princes Freeway between Geelong and Melbourne. Suggestions of a ban began in 2005 but increased after the fatal 2007 Burnley Tunnel fire that killed three people. The ban was put into place from 1 July 2010 between Kororoit Creek Road, Altona, and Avalon Road, Lara and covers all heavy vehicles weighing more than 4.5 tonnes, except buses and caravans. A fine of $358 applies to those breaking the rules, the ban being a trial before a full roll-out on the other major roads in the state.

Names and numbering

Victorian highway naming is straightforward. Most highways are named after the geographical regions and features, cities, towns and settlements along the way. Some are even more straightforward e.g., Western and Northern Highways that radiate westwards and northwards from Melbourne. Notable exceptions include some interstate highways and some metropolitan highways, for example, Hume Highway.

The Victorian road numbering system for freeways and arterial roads consists of a letter and a number. The letter is determined by the quality and function of the route, the system contains four 'levels' of roads: M roads, A roads, B roads and C roads:
 * M Roads provide consistently high quality road conditions and are always divided dual or more carriageways. M roads are the primary transport links between Melbourne and other capital cities or provincial centres. For example, the Eastern Freeway and EastLink make up the route with the official designation of the M3.
 * A Roads serve the same purpose and provide the same high quality road conditions as M roads, the only difference being that A roads are single carriageways. A Roads also carry less traffic than M roads. For example, the Princes Highway west of Geelong is route number A1.
 * B Roads are sealed roads wide enough to accommodate two lanes of traffic with good line markings, provide adequate shoulders and high quality and visibility signage. B roads are the primary transport links for regions not connected by either M or A roads, as well as major tourist routes, such as the Great Ocean Road (route number B100).
 * C Roads are generally sealed two-lane roads with shoulders and serve as links between population centres and the major road network. For example, the Mount Dandenong Tourist Road is route number C415.

The Victorian road numbering system is based on a 'ring and spoke' system. The 'ring' highways (highways that circle Victoria) numbers are given in the multiple of hundreds e.g. Henty Highway (200), Murray Valley Highway (400) and Great Alpine Road (500) make the outermost ring. Midland Highway (300) and Maroondah Highway (300) is the inner ring.

The spokes generally incorporate National Route numbers. Otherwise, east-west aligned highways are given even numbers and north-south are given odd numbers. Highways and primary roads are given numbers in multiple of tens. Other roads are given other numbers that indicate general alignment.

Essentially, for freeways and arterial roads, of which VicRoads is the coordinating authority, the letter drawn from the quality and purpose of the route is added to the number as determined by the ring and spoke system to give a highway number that reflects the quality and alignment of the road.

Legislation and governance
The prime transport statute in Victoria is the Transport Integration Act 2010. The Act establishes and sets the charters of the state agencies charged with integrating and coordinating the state's transport system and, as part of that activity, providing roads, managing network access and providing registration and licensing services. The Act establishes the Department of Transport as the agency responsible for the overall integration and planning of Victoria's transport system. In addition, the Act creates Victoria's key road agency, the Roads Corporation or VicRoads.

An important road regulation statute is the Road Management Act 2004, which regulates the management of Victoria's road network. The key statute that regulates Victoria's road safety is the Road Safety Act 1986.

Responsibility for road maintenance in Victoria is distributed. VicRoads maintains main roads, including secondary roads, while local government councils maintain local roads. There are also private roads. The federal government takes its own interest in national highways, and other roads of national interest, such as those that impact foreign trade.

title: Roads in Victoria


text:
Synthetic catalytic scavenger

A Synthetic catalytic scavenger is an artificial anti-oxidant that has been demonstrated to extend cellular life. It was successful in C. elegans and was effective in rat trials. Studies have shown that synthetic catalytic scavengers have superoxide dismutase and catalase activities which prevented injuries from reactive oxygen species, helping promote the livelihood of tissues.

title: Synthetic catalytic scavenger


text:
Talk:Conde McCullough

Inter-American bridges
in Inter-American bridges to on? then no caps. No sure if Inter-American bridges is a place or is a general concept. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 4.153.198.127 (talk • contribs) 08:02, September 29, 2004

 * My spelling sucks always, and a few beers can ruin my grammar also. I changed Inter-American Highway to Pan-American Highway;  the inter american is a portion of the pan american highway. Cacophony 15:46, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I like looking at your pages. I keep thinking that you're leavng boo-boos for me on purpose like bread crumbs to the saber-toothed grannie's house.  But lately, no crumbs, sniff, sniff.  I guess you're not typing with your beer googles on.  Drink up, young man, I need to feel useful!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.194.214.194 (talk • contribs) 14:53, October 24, 2004

What happened to the page history??????
What happened to the history of this page? Cacophony 20:23, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi Cacophony, this article was tagged by User:Kwh on 25 July as a copyvio, stated reason was that it was too similiar to the asce bio. I resolved the copyvio by deleting the article, but kept some of the later edits, which I credited in the edit summary, and create a new article at Conde McCullough/Temp, which then became the article.
 * In looking back at the deleted history I see that the original edit was a paraphrasing of the asce article, but I wouldn't consider it a copyright violation. I think I made a mistake in deleting it while resolving the listings at WP:CP. My apologies. I've undeleted the history, feel free to restore the old article. --Duk 21:08, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Hello,
 * Since I heard my name mentioned, thought I'd give my explanation of that copyvio... I arrived at this article through the random article link, and started trying to improve it with a little more research, but when I read the ASCE biography I noted the similarity in structure. The problem is that if a 'work' bears resemblance in both structure and content to another copyrighted work, then the owner of the previous work has a potential claim to the other being a derivative work.
 * It's generally not sufficient to, for instance, read the original text and change words for synonyms or shift phrases within the sentence. We are fully in our right to take the basic 'data' of McCullough's life and summarize it in our own words (nobody owns copyright to the fact of McCullough's birthdate, or date of death).
 * So, I just wanted to make clear that I didn't nominate the previous article for deletion because I didn't like it, just because I felt there was a legal exposure for Wikipedia in having so much similarity to the ASCE text. Ideally, someone who has an interest in this individual ought to be able to write about him creatively and without direct reference to another text, in which case there would be no question (in the eyes of the law) that it was not a copyvio. KWH

Pictures
Though no pictures of him, the Library of Congress has pictures of many of the bridges if you search using his name. Aboutmovies (talk) 06:21, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Conde McCullough


text:
User:Communist Bob

Hello and how did you find yourself this morning? Well Ijust pulled the sheets back and I was there. Hang on why am I talking to you?! I don't know. Well stop

Italic text Hello sportsfans, this is my thing, hope it, makes you sick. Just kidding I'm a jolly nice chap really.

It is my quest to search and destroy the dreaded sparkle pony and all his bretheryn, for he will rue the day he tangles with I, Communist Bob

B.T.W. visit my site, www.angelfire.com/tv2/bluemidget Italic text

We cannot choose what we are but what are we but he some of our choices?

I like horses

title: User:Communist Bob


text:
Talk:Alain Glavieux

Untitled
Alain Glavieux died on the 25th of september 2004

title: Talk:Alain Glavieux


text:
Miki Imai (singer)

Miki Imai (今井 美樹) is a female Japanese pop singer and actress. She won the award for best newcomer at the 8th Yokohama Film Festival for Inuji ni Seshi Mono.

Personal life
She married guitarist Tomoyasu Hotei on 6 June 1999. The couple's daughter was born on 26 July 2002. The family resides in London.

Singles

 * "Tasogare no Monorogu" (21 May 1986)
 * "Yasei no Kaze" (1 July 1987)
 * "Shizuka ni Kita Sorichudo" (5 March 1988)
 * "Kanojo to Tip on Duo" (17 August 1988)
 * "Boogie-Woogie Lonesome High-Heel" (17 May 1989)
 * "Hitomi ga Hohoemukara" (8 November 1989)
 * "Piece of My Wish" (7 November 1991)
 * "Blue Moon Blue" (6 November 1992)
 * "Bluebird" (28 July 1993)
 * "Miss You" (18 July 1994)
 * "Ruby" (12 July 1995)
 * "Pride" (4 November 1996)
 * "Drive ni Tsuretette" (18 June 1997)
 * "Watashi wa Anata no Sora ni Naritai/Shiro no Warutsu" (21 November 1997)
 * "flowers" (28 October 1998)
 * "Kōri no Yōni Hohoende/Smiling Girls" (13 January 1999)
 * "Sleep My Dear" (19 May 1999)
 * "Goodbye Yesterday" (9 February 2000)
 * "Tsukiyo no Koibitotachi" (24 May 2000)
 * "Shiosai" (25 July 2001)
 * "Hohoemi no Hito" (9 May 2002)
 * "Honto no Kimochi" (30 July 2003)
 * "Omoide ni Sasayagu" (14 October 2004)
 * "Ai no Uta" (27 July 2005)
 * "Toshishita no Suifu" (25 October 2006)
 * "Inori" (7 November 2007)
 * "Ashiato" (9 April 2008)
 * "Takaramono" (16 September 2009)
 * "Hitohira" (28 October 2009)

Albums

 * Femme (5 December 1986)
 * Elfin (21 September 1987)
 * Bewith (21 June 1988)
 * Fiesta (7 December 1988)
 * Mocha (21 June 1989)
 * Ivory (6 December 1989)
 * Retour (29 August 1990)
 * Lluvia (7 September 1991)
 * Flow into Space (23 December 1992)
 * Ivory II (10 November 1993)
 * Flow into Space Live '93 (17 December 1993)
 * A Place in the Sun (2 September 1994)
 * A Place in the Sun Live (5 April 1995)
 * Love of My Life (28 July 1995)
 * Thank You (21 June 1996)
 * Pride (16 July 1997)
 * "Moment" PRIDE-LIVE (25 March 1998)
 * Imai Miki from 1986 (1 July 1998)
 * Mirai (26 November 1998)
 * Blooming Ivory (14 April 2000)
 * Taiyō to Heminguuei (23 August 2000)
 * Imai Miki Tour 2000 in Club hemingway (21 February 2001)
 * Aqua (22 August 2001)
 * Goodbye Yesterday – The Best of Miki Imai - (24 April 2002)
 * Pearl (17 July 2002)
 * One Night at the Chapel (7 November 2002)
 * Escape (27 August 2003)
 * Ivory III (16 June 2004)
 * She is (3 November 2004)
 * Dream Tour Final at Budokan 2004 (16 March 2005)
 * 20051211IVory (22 February 2006)
 * Milestone (22 November 2006)
 * I Love a Piano (14 February 2008)
 * Corridor (25 November 2009)
 * I Love a Piano (14 February 2008)
 * Dialogue: Miki Imai Sings Yuming Classics (9 October 2013)
 * Colour (20 May 2015)
 * Classic Ivory 35th Anniversary Orchestral Best (11 November 2020)

DVD

 * Miki Imai A-Live: For Retour (18 October 2000)
 * Miki Imai Peace Clips (18 October 2000)
 * Tour de Miki: Flow into Space Live (18 October 2000)
 * A Place in the Sun Films (18 October 2000)
 * Profile (18 October 2000)
 * Love of My Life Films (18 October 2000)
 * Thank You (18 October 2000)
 * Monument (18 October 2000)
 * Goodbye Yesterday and Hello Tomorrow (24 January 2001)
 * Imai Miki Tour 1999 "Mirai" (24 January 2001)
 * Imai Miki Tour 2000 In Club Hemingway (21 February 2001)
 * Hohoemi no Hito (19 September 2002)
 * One Night at the Chapel (7 November 2002)
 * Miki Imai Live at Orchard Hall (4 August 2004)
 * Dream Tour Final at Budokan 2004 (16 March 2005)
 * Tonight's Live Ivory (22 February 2006)
 * 20th Anniversary Concert "Milestone" (7 November 2007)

Video

 * Passage (21 October 1987)
 * Miki Imai A-Live: For Retour (21 December 1990)
 * Miki Imai Peace Clips (17 September 1993)
 * Tour de Miki: Flow into Space Live (18 March 1994)
 * A Place in the Sun Films (18 November 1994)
 * Profile (21 April 1995)
 * Love Of My Life films (20 October 1995)
 * Thank You (21 June 1996)
 * Monument (25 March 1998)
 * Goodbye Yesterday and Hello Tomorrow (24 January 2001)
 * Imai Miki Tour 1999 "Mirai" (24 January 2001)
 * Imai Miki Tour 2000 In Club Hemingway (21 February 2001)

title: Miki Imai (singer)


text:
The Whole Ten Yards

The Whole Ten Yards is a 2004 American crime comedy film directed by Howard Deutch and starring Bruce Willis, Matthew Perry, Amanda Peet, Kevin Pollak and Natasha Henstridge. It is a sequel to the 2000 film The Whole Nine Yards. It was based on characters created by Mitchell Kapner, who was the writer of the first film.

The film was released on April 7, 2004 in the United States. Unlike the first film, which was rated R and was a commercial success despite receiving mixed reviews, The Whole Ten Yards received a PG-13 rating and was a critical and commercial failure.

Plot
Thanks to falsified dental records supplied by his former neighbor Nicholas "Oz" Ozeransky, retired hitman Jimmy "The Tulip" Tudeski spends his days compulsively cleaning his house and perfecting his culinary skills with his wife, Jill, a purported assassin who has yet to pull off a "clean" hit – everyone she is hired to kill dies in bizarre accidents before she has a chance. Oz now owns a dental practice in California and has married Jimmy's ex-wife Cynthia and are expecting their first child, but the relationship is strained by Oz's excessive paranoia as well as Cynthia's secret continued contact with Jimmy.

Their lives are further complicated by the return of Laszlo Gogolak, Jimmy's former mob boss and father figure, whose son Janni was killed by Jimmy and Jill while Laszlo was in prison. Having deduced that Jimmy faked his death, Laszlo abducts Cynthia and threatens Oz to try to learn Jimmy's location, but Oz escapes. A desperate Oz contacts Jimmy and Jill, but Jimmy refuses to help until Laszlo's men attack, having followed Oz to Jimmy.

Capturing Laszlo's remaining son Strabovitz, Jimmy offers to trade Strabo for Cynthia. Oz triggers further conflict between Jimmy and Jill when he reveals Jimmy still wears a crucifix from Cynthia. At a bar, Jimmy becomes increasingly depressed at his failure to father a child with Jill, and aggravates Oz by discussing his and Cynthia's old sex life, culminating in Oz and Jimmy becoming so drunk that they wake up in the same bed.

Frustrated by her poor sex life with Jimmy, Jill attempts to seduce Oz but is interrupted by Jimmy, who knocks Oz out and regains his passion for Jill and his work as the two have sex in the bathroom. Re-arming themselves at Oz's house, the three are attacked by an unknown marksman and Strabo is killed in the crossfire. Jimmy insults Jill’s capabilities and coldly dismisses Oz; Jill leaves. Oz retreats to his practice where he is met by Jimmy, who apologizes for recent events. The two are chloroformed by Oz's new receptionist Julie, revealed to be the sister of Frankie Figgs, seeking revenge for Oz and Jimmy's role in her brother's death.

Waking up beside Cynthia and Jimmy in Laszlo's apartment, Oz is shocked to learn that the entire situation has been planned by Jimmy and Cynthia to find Laszlo's half of the first dollar he ever stole, which he had torn and divided between Jimmy and Janni as kids. As Laszlo prepares to kill them, Jill arrives, having tied up Strabo's body in her car with explosives to appear alive, and threatens to detonate unless Laszlo releases Oz and Cynthia. Asking to join Laszlo's organization, Jill is ordered to kill Jimmy, who tells her she'll never be a successful hitter before she shoots him in the heart.

Jill's car explodes as Laszlo's men try to release Strabo, revealing Jill was in on the plan and shot Jimmy with blanks. Jules is exposed as the shooter who killed Strabo, and Laszlo shoots her. Jimmy, unable to kill the man who raised him, has Jill shoot Laszlo in the foot. Jimmy and Cynthia further reveal that Laszlo's half of the dollar combines with Jimmy’s to reveal the number for a $280 million bank account. Jill reveals she is pregnant, and the four drive away as Laszlo is arrested.

Box office
Unlike the first film, which was a commercial success, The Whole Ten Yards was a box office bomb, bringing in only $16.3 million in North America and $9.8 million internationally. With a worldwide total of $26.2 million, less than a quarter the gross of the original, the film did not recoup its $40 million budget.

Critical response
Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C" on an A+ to F scale.

In Matthew Perry's memoir Friends, Lovers, and the Big Terrible Thing, the actor stated that this film's disappointing reception drastically curtailed his film career writing, "That was the moment Hollywood decided to no longer invite Mr. Perry to be in movies”. He sought more dramatic roles afterward.

title: The Whole Ten Yards


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Stanley Baxter

Stanley Livingstone Baxter (born 24 May 1926) is a Scottish actor, comedian, impressionist and author. Baxter began his career as a child actor on BBC Scotland and later became known for his British television comedy shows The Stanley Baxter Show, The Stanley Baxter Picture Show, The Stanley Baxter Series and Mr Majeika.

Baxter has also written a number of books based on Glasgow.

Early life
The son of an insurance manager, Baxter was born in Glasgow, Scotland. He was educated at Hillhead High School, Glasgow, and schooled for the stage by his mother. He began his career as a child actor in the Scottish edition of the BBC's Children's Hour. Following employment in mining as a Bevin Boy in World War II, he developed his performing skills further during his national service with the British Army's Combined Services Entertainment unit, working alongside comedy actor Kenneth Williams, actor Peter Vaughan, film director John Schlesinger and dramatist Peter Nichols, who used the experience as the basis for his play Privates on Parade.

After the war, Baxter returned to Glasgow taking to the stage for three years at Glasgow's Citizens' Theatre. Following success on the radio with Jimmy Logan, Howard & Wyndham Ltd invited him to star in pantomime at the Theatre Royal in Glasgow followed by the Half Past Eight Shows, and their successors the Five Past Eight Shows at Glasgow's Alhambra Theatre. He moved to London to work in television in 1959.

In 1969, Baxter performed in the original production of Joe Orton's then controversial farce What the Butler Saw at the Queen's Theatre in the West End with Sir Ralph Richardson, Coral Browne and Hayward Morse. Baxter nurtured the stage careers of Alyson McInnes and John Ramage. Baxter remained a great favourite on the Scottish pantomime circuit, especially at the King's Theatre, Glasgow, up until his retirement in 1992. He starred, in pantomime, with popular Scottish stars, Jimmy Logan and Una McLean.

Radio
During the 1960s, Baxter had his own show on BBC Radio Scotland. In 1994 he returned to radio, taking the role of Noël Coward in the BBC World Service Play of the Week, Marvellous Party directed by Neil Cargill. Written by Jon Wynne-Tyson, it also starred Dorothy Tutin as Coward's lifelong friend, Esme Wynne-Tyson (Jon's mother). Also with Cargill, he read Whisky Galore and Jimmy Swan – The Joy Traveller for BBC Radio, providing the voices of all the characters.

After a lengthy spell in self-imposed retirement, Baxter appeared in 2004 in a series of four half-hour radio sitcoms for BBC Radio 4, entitled Stanley Baxter and Friends; the success of this has led to further series entitled The Stanley Baxter Playhouse in 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2014 and 2016, and Two Pipe Problems with Richard Briers in 2008, 2009 and 2010. Two further plays in this series were broadcast in 2013 with Geoffrey Palmer taking the Richard Briers role. In 2009 Eddie Izzard presented The Stanley Baxter Story on BBC Radio 2. A further series of 'Playhouse' commenced airing on BBC Radio 4 in November 2018.

Television
Baxter was known for his impressions of famous people, particularly The Queen (referred to in the context of the shows as 'the Duchess of Brendagh'). The Stanley Baxter Show ran between 1963 and 1971 on BBC One, and The Stanley Baxter Picture Show from 1972 to 1975 on ITV; the six-part Stanley Baxter Series was made by LWT in 1981. Eight one-hour TV specials were made by LWT and the BBC between 1973 and 1986.

Baxter guest-starred in an episode of The Goodies and later appeared in the lead role in Mr Majeika, developed from the books by Humphrey Carpenter, a children's show about a magic teacher, expelled from Walpurgis (the wizard land) for failing his professional examinations. He later stated that he had wanted to retire after his spectacular hour-long shows had been cancelled and that the move to children's television was a "purely financial" arrangement.

In Bing Crosby's final Christmas special, taped for CBS in the UK just a few weeks before Crosby's death in 1977, Baxter played multiple roles, including a butler, cook and – in one skit opposite a cracking-up Crosby – the ghost of Bob Hope's court jester ancestor. Having retired in 1990, Baxter returned for a one-off Christmas 2008 special for ITV, containing a mix of archived and new material, with celebrity comedians commenting on Baxter's influence on their lives and careers.

Film
Baxter appeared in a number of films, including Geordie (1955), Very Important Person (1961), The Fast Lady (1962), Crooks Anonymous (1962) and Father Came Too! (1963), the last four alongside James Robertson Justice, together with the animation The Thief and the Cobbler (1995).

Books
Baxter has written a number of books based on the language of Glasgow, as developed in his Parliamo Glasgow sketch, and on the humour of the city;
 * Bedside Book of Glasgow Humour ISBN 978-0094672703, may be same as ISBN 978-1841582467
 * Parliamo Glasgow Omnibus ISBN 978-1841587745 and ISBN 978-1874744009
 * Let's Parliamo Glasgow Again – Merrorapattur ISBN 978-0862280734
 * Stanley Baxter's Suburban Shocker : Featuring Rosemary Morningside and the Garrulous Glaswegian Mr. Ballhead

Personal life
Baxter was brought up in the West End of Glasgow, in a tenement. He lived there from the age of five until he married actress Moira Robertson at 26 years of age. He later lived in Highgate, North London. He was married for 46 years until his wife's death in 1997 of an overdose while he was overseas.

In August 2014, Baxter was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian expressing their hope that Scotland would vote to remain part of the United Kingdom in September's referendum on that issue.

In August 2020, Baxter came out as gay, following the release of his authorised biography. His biography described how Baxter had told Moira that he was gay before they married, with Baxter having sought to end their relationship as a result, but that she had threatened suicide, causing him to relent. Moira accepted that he was gay and allowed him to bring men home for sex, despite homosexual acts being illegal in England and Wales until the passing of the Sexual Offences Act 1967 16 years after their marriage. Five years before then, Baxter had been arrested for cottaging and contemplated suicide for fear of scandal causing an end to his career. The soliciting charges were subsequently dropped.

Baxter sought to maintain the secrecy around his sexual orientation, with his biography describing how he had taken legal action over the posthumous publication of Kenneth Williams' diaries after Williams, a long-time friend, died in 1988. In his biography, Baxter describes his discomfort with his homosexuality: "Anybody would be insane to choose to live such a very difficult life. There are many gay people these days who are fairly comfortable with their sexuality, fairly happy with who they are. I'm not. I never wanted to be gay. I still don't."

Awards

 * BAFTA Award for Light Entertainment Artist (1960)
 * BAFTA Award for Light Entertainment Performance (1975) for the Stanley Baxter Moving Picture Show
 * BAFTA Scotland Award for Outstanding Contribution (2020)
 * Lifetime Achievement Award (British Comedy Awards) (1997)
 * Oldie Camper of the Year – For continuing to endear and delight his audiences with original comic material by The Oldie magazine (2008)

Baxter was offered an OBE, but declined.

DVD releases
All six of Baxter's hour-long ITV specials were released on a two-disc DVD set in 2005 as The Stanley Baxter Collection with a further two-disc DVD set being released in 2006 under the title The Stanley Baxter Series & Picture Show featuring both of his series of half-hour shows for ITV. In 2008 a five-disc DVD box set was released titled The Stanley Baxter Television Set. The set includes both half-hour ITV series that Baxter made for ITV and six of his ITV specials. It also includes two of the feature films he made with James Robertson Justice The Fast Lady and Father Came Too!.

Stanley Baxter TV series

 * The Stanley Baxter Show (BBC, 22 x 30-minutes, 1963–71)
 * Baxter On... (BBC, 1964)
 * Time For Baxter (BBC Scotland, 1972)
 * The Stanley Baxter Picture Show (LWT – four x 30-minutes, 1972)
 * The Stanley Baxter Series (LWT – six x 30-minutes, 1981)

Stanley Baxter TV specials

 * The Stanley Baxter Big Picture Show (LWT – 21 December 1973)
 * The Stanley Baxter Scots Picture Show (STV – 1 January 1974)
 * The Stanley Baxter Moving Picture Show (LWT – 7 September 1974)
 * The Best of Baxter (LWT – 14 December 1974)
 * The Stanley Baxter Show Part III (LWT – 19 September 1975)
 * Stanley Baxter's Christmas Box (LWT – 26 December 1976)
 * Stanley Baxter's Greatest Hits (LWT – 26 December 1977)
 * Stanley Baxter on Television (LWT – 1 April 1979)
 * The Stanley Baxter Hour (LWT – 24 December 1982)
 * Stanley Baxter's Christmas Hamper (BBC, 1985)
 * Stanley Baxter's Television Annual (BBC, 1986)
 * Stanley Baxter is Back (C4, 1995)
 * Stanley Baxter in Reel Terms (C4, 1996)
 * Stanley Baxter in Person (Carlton, 1998)
 * Stanley Baxter Now and Then (ITV, 2008)

Other TV appearances

 * Shop Window (BBC, 1952)
 * This is Scotland (STV, 1957)
 * On The Bright Side (BBC, 1960)
 * Comedy Playhouse: "Lunch in the Park" (BBC, 1961)
 * Espionage (BBC, 1963 Guest Appearance)
 * Wednesday Play: "The Confidence Course" (BBC, 1965)
 * Christmas Night with the Stars (BBC, 1970, Guest Appearance)
 * The Goodies (BBC, 1971 Guest Appearance)
 * A Grand Tour (STV, 1974)
 * Bing Crosby's Merrie Olde Christmas (CBS/ITC Entertainment, 1977 Guest Appearances as multiple characters)
 * Mr Majeika (Television South, 1988–90, Title Role)
 * Rab C. Nesbitt (BBC, 1991, Guest Appearance)
 * Arabian Knight (Animation, 1995, Voice Only)
 * Meeow (Animation, 2000, Voice Only)
 * The Unforgettable...Kenneth Williams (Carlton, 2001, Interviewee)
 * The Sketch Show Story (BBC, 2001, Interviewee)
 * EX:SThis is Stanley Baxter (BBC, 2001 75th Birthday Documentary)
 * Return of the Goodies (BBC, 2005, Interviewee)
 * The Story of Light Entertainment (BBC, 2006, Interviewee)
 * Comedy Map of Britain (BBC, 2007, Interviewee)
 * Happy Birthday BAFTA (2007, Guest)
 * The Comedy Christmas (2007, Interviewee)
 * Artwork Scotland:When Alan Cumming met Stanley Baxter (2010)
 * The Many Faces of Stanley Baxter (2013)
 * Scottish Television Hogmanay shows (1980s and 1990s)
 * Road To Londonderry
 * The Undiscovered Kenneth Williams (Associated-Rediffusion/Sky Arts, 2018, Interviewee)
 * Comedy National Treasures: Stanley Baxter (Associated-Rediffusion/Channel 5, 2019, Subject/Interviewee)

Films

 * Geordie (Film, 1955)
 * Very Important Person (Rank, 1961)
 * The Fast Lady (Rank, 1962)
 * Crooks Anonymous (Film, 1962)
 * Father Came Too! (Rank, 1963)
 * Joey Boy (Film, 1965)
 * The Thief and the Cobbler (Animation, Voice Only, 1993)

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Talk:Spark chamber

Schneelocke: Thanks for the stub. I just read off "spark chamber" from my old lecture notes when writing the J/Psi article and briefly wondered how this thing might have worked but was too lazy to look it up. So thanks for the explanation. Simon A. 08:26, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * You're welcome. :) -- Schnee 14:11, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Don't know too much about this topic, but i know that this article is very lacking. (e.g. specifying that there are more than 2 plates, voltages involved, etc., etc.) -- postglock 16:21, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree, I was curious if there are two plates or many but I figure it is two plates. Where do the sparks occur? Between the two plates, or in the whole box? -- User:Mark767 23:33, 05 October 2005 (UTC)

As far as I'm aware, I think that ionising particles travel across a whole bunch of plates, creating ions which spark across (perhaps) every pair of plates? (or between every plate?) I'm pretty sure that there are multiple plates though. The sparks across sets of plates maps out where the radiation is travelling. -- postglock 06:47, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

This page is innaccurate. While they are in roughly the same category of detectors, spark and streamer chambers are not the same, and nor is one a subset of the other. Therefore "A spark chamber (also known as a streamer chamber)..." is wrong, "streamer chamber" should not redirect here, and the image is inappropriate since it is from a streamer chamber rather than a spark chamber. A spark chamber is roughly as described in this article - you look at a stack of parallel plates from the the side, and the path of a particle is indicated by a series of sparks from plate plate like in this image: http://www.hep.phy.cam.ac.uk/~lester/teaching/SparkChamber/IMG_0082.jpg. The particle typically comes in roughly at right angles to the plates. A streamer chamber meanwhile typically has only two plates, at least one of which is see-through (e.g. wire mesh or a conductive glass). Particles come in roughly parallel to the plane of the plates. A much shorter high voltage pulse is used than with a spark chamber, so you don't get breakdown and no sparks are formed. Instead you get streamers (which are sort of pre-sparks which han't yet reached either electrode). These are are rather dim, but can look quite brilliant with some image enhancement, e.g. http://mediaarchive.cern.ch/MediaArchive/Photo/Public/1992/9207077/9207077/9207077-A4-at-144-dpi.jpg. Here is a brief description (towards the bottom): http://www.shef.ac.uk/physics/teaching/phy311/gaseous.html. -- Dumdidldumdum (talk) 20:20, 15 October 2009 (UTC)

The newer stuff really more sophisticated? Or just happened to find out how to do stuff better.(in a sense) How do you verify something to be 'more sophisticated'? 192.16.199.199 (talk) 15:04, 11 April 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spark chamber


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User:Mtaub

My name is Meni Taub, I live in Jerusalem, interested in math, physics, computers, philosophy, art, actually everything human.

title: User:Mtaub


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Jules Cavaillès

Jules Cavailles (20 June 1901, Carmaux – 29 January 1977, Épineuil) was a French painter.

Biography
He started as a technical draughtsman during which time he met “le pere Artigue” - who was a friend of the famous pointillist artist Henri Martin – and who encouraged him to go to Paris to study fine art. In 1925 he enrolled at the Académie Julian and he began exhibiting at the various Parisian Salons from 1928 – the Société des Artistes Français, Société des Artistes Indépendants and Salon d'Automne. To fund his studies he opened a small chemist shop. He was soon invited to participate at the Salon des Tuileries and in 1936 he organised the 14th exhibition of the Artistes de ce temps in the Petit-Palais. In the same year he received the prestigious Grant Blumenthal and he was soon awarded the commission to decorate the Pavilion of Languedoc for the Exposition Universelle. He was part of a group of artists called “La Realite Poetique”. His artistic style is characterised by the juxtaposition of pure colour, derived from an interpretation of fauvist painting which was less interested in the early Fauve artists’ search for intensity and dynamism than a simple expression of ‘joie de vivre’.

He worked in oils, gouache, and pastel, and his subject matter featured figures, portraits, nudes, still lifes, flowers, landscapes, and animals. His work is represented in many leading collections and museums, including the Modern Art Museum in Paris, and the museums in Toulouse, Albi, Marseilles, Chicago, and Helsinki.

title: Jules Cavaillès


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Talk:Jules Cavaillès

So how much for a nude?

-

I removed the following long block over concerns about its copyright:

 * Jean Cassou about Jules Cavaillès

 * Slowly he garnered his knowledge, studied the charms and secrets of colours, practised his scales and adjusted his palette, which is certainly in the image of his warm, rich and full heart, a palette made for singing the joys of life. He is a sober and strict draughtsman with a marvellous conciseness, and it strikes me at this point that I should long ago have said a few words about the quality of his drawings. They are among the most excellent of our French school of drawing, and we see in them the benefit he has derived from a stay in Italy among the sites which inspired the most illustrious masters of that school, Poussin, Lorrain and Corot. Italy, seen by the French, sheds its academic garb and becomes sheer light and truth, a precise, clear, pure and immense universe, the most crystalline of music.

 * In these paintings perspective space is deliberately converted into musical space, the distances and tempos between two sounds, the relative position of objects in rhythm. The objects themselves are stripped of their conceptual significance. They cease to be a vase, a flower, the creation of man or of nature, roots or pebbles, to become one of the notes of a bizarre song.

 * Painting of this kind is absorbed quite differently from painting which is established in the geometric and perspective theatre of our approaches and which orders objects in accordance with our optical illusions. The natural destiny of Cavaillès marks him out as starting from the earth and the earthly places where he was rooted and progressing towards that painting, so temporal, so poetical and so musical.

 * He is a master of his craft. Moreover, how could such a man, wholly faithful to his personal nature, in any way fail to merit the fine title of craftsman, which is granted only to the artist devoid of artifice, who, to the end, obstinately refuses its dignity solely from its tools and its material faithfully used? It is when he is solidly grounded in his craft that we can look to a painter for what we expect from every painter to whose company we commit ourselves, namely renewal. He renews himself and us with him. We share with him the knowledge of something which is never finished.

 * Hommage à Cavaillès, published by the Editions Bruker, Paris, 1961.

Professor at Académie Julian?
The Académie Julian lists Jules Cavaillès as a notable professor. Is this accurate? It is not mentioned here, nor on the site referenced from this article. Verbcatcher (talk) 14:47, 22 May 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jules Cavaillès


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User:AtticusFinch

This is my user page. I'm not a very private person offline, but I'm not a big fan of online profiles. I'm 39 so far and a man. I currently live in the midwest and my interest include, but aren't limited to, the pages I work on. I visit chat occasionally, or you can leave a message on my talk page. Wiki is a great concept.

title: User:AtticusFinch


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Avraham Danzig

Avraham Danzig (ben Yehiel Michael, 1748—1820; אברהם דנציג) was a rabbi, posek (legal decisor) and codifier, best known as the author of the works of Jewish law called Chayei Adam and Chochmat Adam. He is sometimes referred to as "the Chayei Adam".

Biography
Danzig was born in Danzig (Gdańsk), Poland (hence his name), in 1747 or 1748 into a prominent rabbinic family. When he was fourteen, his father sent him to study at the Prague yeshivah, after exacting a promise from him "that he would not mingle with the Moderns" who were then gradually coming into prominence through the influence of Moses Mendelssohn.

He studied in Prague for four years under Rabbi Yechezkel Landau and Rabbi Joseph Liebermann. He was then offered a position as rabbi in Vilna, but declined, earning his livelihood as a merchant (frequenting the fairs of Leipzig and Königsberg - which are referred to in his writings). Only in his later years, and after having lost almost his entire fortune through the explosion of a powder-magazine, could he be induced to accept the position of dayan in Vilna, where he served until 1812. He died there on September 12, 1820.

Danzig is one of three authorities on whom Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried based his rulings in the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch.

His descendants include Rabbi Neil Danzig and Rabbi Joseph Meyer Danzig, son of Rabbi Avraham Mordechai Danzig, who was born in Jerusalem and named after his prominent ancestor.

Works
Danzig wrote several important works, but he is especially known for Chayei Adam and Chochmat Adam, his works of halacha covering the laws of the Shulchan Aruch dealing with everyday life.

Chayei Adam (חיי אדם, "The Life of Man" ) deals with the laws discussed in the Orach Chayim section of the Shulchan Aruch]]. It is divided into 224 sections - 69 dealing with daily conduct and prayer, and 155 with Shabbat, and holidays. In this work, Danzig collected and critically sifted the Acharonic material, in the field of halakha written in the more than two and a half centuries since the appearance of the Shulchan Aruch. Chayei Adam was intended primarily "for the cultured layman", as opposed to rabbinic scholars, and the work is thus presented in a readily accessible form. The parallel work Nishmat Adam, published together with Chayei Adam, discusses the halachic issues in greater depth. The two are usually printed together. In many cities, societies were formed for the purpose of studying Chayei Adam.

Chochmat Adam (חכמת אדם, "The Wisdom of Man"), similarly, discusses the laws in the Yoreh De'ah section of the Shulchan Aruch, as well as laws from the Even Ha'ezer and Choshen Mishpat sections pertinent to everyday life. Binat Adam on this work corresponds to the Nishmat Adam on Chayei Adam. Chochmat Adam was written in consultation with two of the greatest Torah scholars of the time - Chaim Volozhin and Yaakov of Lisa.

The scholarship of these works is evidenced by the fact that Rabbi Chaim Volozhin, known for his opposition to "digests of halacha", granted the work his approbation (on condition that each section be cross-referenced to the Shulchan Aruch to allow for further study). Reportedly, the Chatam Sofer instructed his son that when unable to refer to the Shulchan Aruch, he could refer to the Chochmat Adam in making a halachic decision

Other works by Danzig include:
 * Zichru Torat Moshe - an introduction to the laws of Shabbos.
 * Kitzur Sefer Charedim - an abridgement of the classic Sefer Charedim by Rabbi Elazar Ezkari.
 * Toldot Adam - a commentary on the Passover Haggadah.

Danzig also wrote Tefillah Zakah, a penitential prayer recited by many on the eve of Yom Kippur.

Gunpowder Purim
On November 18, 1804, a gunpowder magazine exploded accidentally in Vilna, killing 31 people and destroying a large amount of property. This explosion occurred at Vilna fort and spread to areas nearby. Among those who lost his home and his business was Rabbi Avraham Danzig. Yet Rabbi Danzig and his family were spared from death, and so grateful was he for this that he declared the date of the conflagration to be a “Pulverpurim” (Gunpowder Purim) for the Danzig family. According to this custom, the 15th of Kislev is a fast day, with the giving of extra charity. On the following night, which is the 16th of Kislev, a Meal of Thanksgiving (Seudas Hodaah) is eaten.

Resources

 * Chayei Adam fulltext (Hebrew), daat.ac.il
 * Chochmat Adam fulltext (Hebrew), daat.ac.il

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Kingsdown, Dover

Kingsdown is a village on the English Channel coast of Kent. Parts of the village are built on or behind the shingle beach that runs north to Deal and beyond, while other parts are on the cliffs and hills inland. The village church of St John the Evangelist was built by local landowner William Curling in 1848. Curling's former residence, Kingsdown House, was acquired by the Brightstone Holiday Centre in 1934 and a holiday camp, now known as Kingsdown Holiday Park, has operated in the grounds up to the present day. It is in the civil parish of Ringwould with Kingsdown. In 2019 it had an estimated population of 1764.

History
A settlement or hamlet at Kingsdown is described in antiquity.

During the Middle Ages, the coastal confederation of Cinque Ports consisted of 42 towns and villages. These included Kingsdown, as a "limb" (subordinate affiliate) of Dover.

While the inland areas are devoted to farming, the modern village expanded in the 19th century as a fishing community. As at Deal and Walmer to the north, the steeply shelving shingle beach posed a challenge to the ingenuity of local fishermen, who installed fixed capstans along the shore in order to haul their boats out of the water. Many of the older sheds and houses on the beach date from this period.

Kingsdown was also at the southern end of the important anchorage known as The Downs, which is sheltered between the coast of Kent and the Goodwin Sands that lie offshore to the east. In the late 19th century, The Downs was widely used by hundreds of sailing ships that needed to ride out bad weather, although many ships came to grief on the Goodwins. A lifeboat station was built at Kingsdown in 1866 and was in operation until 1927. The nearest lifeboat is now based at Walmer to the north. From 1863, Oldstairs Bay at the south of Kingsdown Beach was also the location for an important Coastguard station and the substantial coastguard houses that remain (which are now privately occupied).

In 1926, the first woman to swim the English Channel, 19-year-old Gertrude Ederle, made landfall at Kingsdown, after a 35-mile crossing (the direct distance is 21 miles) in record time. Kingsdown's proximity to France placed it on the front line of several wars. The defences at Walmer Castle, one mile north of the village, recall historic threats in Tudor and Napoleonic times, but there is also a reminder of more recent conflicts south of Oldstairs Bay where the former Royal Marines rifle range lies inland of concrete sea defences built by the Ministry of Defence. During World War I, a military airfield operated from Hawkshill Freedown between Kingsdown and Walmer. In World War II, Kingsdown was the location for a secret radio transmitting ground station for Oboe, that provided a navigation system designed to help aircraft locate themselves on operations over enemy occupied territory.

Geography
Kingsdown is located at the northern end of the White Cliffs of Dover; the village itself sits below the chalk cliff and in the valleys leading down to the shore, with some outlying buildings and the holiday camp on top or midway up. The chalk, which dates from the Cretaceous period, is a natural aquifer that forms the source for Kingsdown Water, which is extracted to the north west of the village. The Kingsdown foreshore is the most southerly point of a shingle bank and flood plain that stretches north to the Isle of Thanet.

The beach and downs around the village are important for migrating birds and insects, and for rare plants. The beach and cliffs are part of the Site of Special Scientific Interest that stretches south to Folkestone. The beach is largely shingle but low tide exposes some sandy areas and a chalk shelf stretching out to sea, particularly in the area of Oldstairs Bay at the southern end.

Transport
There are no railway stations in the village itself, but a bus service run by Stagecoach connects the village to Walmer railway station, which has direct trains to London. Since 2009, this also provides a link to the high-speed domestic service High Speed 1 running to London St Pancras International, with connections at either Dover Priory, Ashford International or Ramsgate.

Walking and cycling
Kingsdown has numerous local public footpaths and lies on both the Saxon Shore Way and the White Cliffs Country Trail. The section of National Cycle Route 1 known as the Cliffs and Castles route runs through Kingsdown on its way from Dover to Sandwich. A flat, purpose-built cycleway leads north from the outskirts of the village along the beach to Deal. In Kingsdown itself, part of the cycle route follows quiet public roads or footpaths.

Notable people

 * David Gordon Hines

title: Kingsdown, Dover


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Myf Warhurst

Myfanwy Warhurst (, born May 29, 1973) is an Australian radio announcer and television personality, best known for her work at Triple J radio station and on ABC Television's long-running music-themed quiz show Spicks and Specks. she has an ongoing role as Australia's commentator for the Eurovision Song Contest alongside Joel Creasey, and as co-host of the weekly podcast Bang On. She also provides the voices of Aunt Trixie and Indy's Mum in the Australian animated show Bluey.

Early life
Warhurst was born in Portland, Victoria, in 1973. She has three older brothers named, Shaun, Kit and Andre. Brother Shaun had a significant role in initially encouraging her interests ultimately leading her into the industry. Kit plays drums in the band Rocket Science. Warhurst's family moved to Donald in central Victoria when she was a child, then to Red Cliffs in northwest Victoria when she was eight years old.

Career
Before her career as a radio announcer and TV personality, Warhurst was editor-in-chief of Melbourne street press Inpress.

Radio and podcasting
Working as a radio announcer at Triple J, Warhurst came to the attention of the station's audience through short bi-weekly segments for Merrick and Rosso's Drive program in 2000. In 2001, Warhurst began hosting the Net 50 request program on Saturday nights, and in 2003, came to prominence as host of the weekday Lunch shift and her daily segment The Trashy Lunchtime Quiz. In January 2007 she joined Jay and the Doctor in hosting The Breakfast Show as Myf, Jay and the Doctor.

It was announced on 10 October 2007 that she would leave Triple J and co-host a new breakfast show with comedian Peter Helliar and take over the Triple M Melbourne breakfast spot from The Cage, who finished up in November 2007.

Warhurst is co-host, with Zan Rowe, of the weekly podcast Bang On, "about music, art, life and stuff".

Television
Warhurst's television work has included hosting jtv, the December 2006 special My Favourite Album, and captaining a team on Spicks and Specks from its inception in 2005 until it finished in 2011, and again after its resumption with special episodes beginning in 2018 and as a full-time show in 2021. When finishing Spicks and Specks, Warhurst said "I've been lucky enough to experience many great things. I've seen Frank Woodley's privates, been naked under a desk with Pete Murray, and met many of my childhood musical crushes. Life can't get much better than that, so this seems like the perfect time to wind things up." Worst moments included her embarrassment at not being able to recall the name of Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" upon hearing it.

She is a regular presenter on The Project.

Warhurst returned to ABC1 in June 2012 with a six-part series, Myf Warhurst's Nice.

In 2017, Warhurst, along with Joel Creasey, was announced as one of Australia's commentators for the Eurovision Song Contest. Warhurst also appeared as a guest quiz master on Have You Been Paying Attention?

Since 2018, she has voiced the animated characters of Aunt Trixie and Indy's Mum, in the ABC Kids television program Bluey.

Guest appearances
Warhurst has occasionally appeared on Rove, and was a special presenter on RMITV's The Loft Live.

In January 2020, Warhurst participated in the sixth season of the Australian version of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.

She was the focus of the second episode of season 13 of the Australian version of Who Do You Think You Are?, first aired on 28 June 2022.

In August 2022, Warhurst was interviewed by Virginia Trioli on radio, in which she talked about receiving training to become a foster parent.

In October 2022, she appeared on Fran Kelly's TV show Frankly.

Awards
Spicks and Specks twice won the Logies' Most Outstanding Light Entertainment Program.

The irreverent TV Fugly Awards (in its "Good Categories") awarded Warhurst as their Most Spankable Female TV Personality in 2007 & 2008.

title: Myf Warhurst


text:
Costa Zouliou

Costa Zouliou (born 1964 in Melbourne) is an Australian radio announcer best known for his work at Triple J. Although born in Melbourne, he was raised, and now lives in Brisbane. He is currently working behind-the-scenes and presenting fill-in shifts at radio station ABC Classic FM. He was recently behind a campaign to change the name of the Go Between Bridge in Brisbane to The Go-Betweens Bridge, to correctly refer to the iconic Brisbane band, The Go-Betweens.

He started as the host of a short "What’s Happening" program on Friday, later Saturday nights. He became host of the heavy metal show, Three Hours of Power after Francis Leach moved on. He held this role until 2000, after which he switched to do Drive for a year, followed by his most current role of Weekend Lunch from 2003 until 2005. He then became a sound engineer for ABC "Classic FM" and ABC "Radio National".

Costa has been a member of the management committee of Q Music, the Queensland music industry organisation since April 2004, and is also involved with Straight Out of Brisbane, an annual arts and culture festival in Brisbane.

On 19 December 2018, he will be presenting the first episode of a summer fill-in show on Double J called Rock Up.

title: Costa Zouliou


text:
User:DHN

Thùng rỗng kêu to (Empty vessels make much noise) - Vietnamese proverb

"[A]n error made on your own is safer than ten truths accepted on faith, because the first leaves you the means to correct it, but the second destroys your capacity to distinguish truth from error." Ayn Rand, Atlas Shrugged.

"''Please do not offer my god a peanut." - Apu Nahasapeemapetilon

"Any site that's got a longer entry on truthiness than on Lutherans has its priorities straight." Stephen Colbert

DHN lives in California and is a bureaucrat/admin in the Vietnamese Wikipedia. DHN first edited anonymously from at least May 13, 2003 and made edits under this name from at least June 25, 2003.

DHN is not evil, but is sinister.

vi:User:DHN

Articles started

 * Danny Sullivan (technologist)
 * Vietnamese American
 * Vietnamese people
 * Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary
 * Vietnamese pronouns
 * Vietnamese literature
 * Xuan Dieu
 * Trung Sisters
 * Janet Nguyen
 * Boat People (film) - translated from my Vietnamese version
 * My Best Gay Friends - translated from my Vietnamese version
 * Ho Chi Minh Monument (Moscow) - translated from my Vietnamese version
 * Xe Đò Hoàng
 * Asian Garden Mall
 * Vietnamese language in the United States

To do

 * Rewrite Nhân Văn affair
 * Internet censorship in Vietnam

title: User:DHN


text:
Phalaris (plant)

Phalaris is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family. Species of Phalaris are distributed across all continents except Antarctica. They can be found in a broad range of habitats from below sea level to thousands of feet above sea level and from wet marshy areas to dry places. P. arundinacea and P. aquatica are sometimes invasive species in wetlands.

Alkaloids
Some Phalaris species contain gramine, which, in sheep and to a lesser extent in cattle, is toxic and can cause brain damage, other organ damage, central nervous system damage, and death.

Phalaris arundinacea, Phalaris aquatica, and Phalaris brachystachys are known to contain the alkaloids DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, and 5-OH-DMT (bufotenin). Some research has been done into the variability of alkaloids in the Phalaris grasses. Strains with high levels of alkaloids are best avoided in locations with grazing cattle and sheep, due to potential toxicity. Such high-alkaloid strains include Phalaris aquatica AQ-1 and the species P. brachystachys. Seasonal and weather patterns also appear to affect alkaloid concentration, as most toxicity occurs in autumn and in times of drought. Regrowth after grazing or mowing also shows a considerable increase in alkaloids.

In June 2018, mobs of wild kangaroos were observed suffering from "phalaris staggers" which causes head tremors, a loss of co-ordination and collapse. When phalaris is used to feed livestock, farmers can administer cobalt to their animals or spray it on their pastures to protect animals against the effects of phalaris. However, this treatment is not available to wild kangaroos and they suffer from poisoning due to the alkaloids. The staggers syndrome is more common in livestock in areas with limestone soils, which contain less cobalt than basalt soils.

None of the above alkaloids is said to have been found in P. californica, P. canariensis, P. minor and hybrids of P. arundinacea together with P. aquatica.

Uses
Some species are used in dried flower arrangements. Phalaris canariensis is commonly used for birdseed.

Phalaris arundinacea is also being trialled as a potential bioenergy crop in Ireland.

Species
Species include:
 * Phalaris amethystina Trin.
 * Phalaris angusta - timothy canarygrass
 * Phalaris aquatica - bulbous canarygrass, Harding grass, Hardinggrass (syn. Phalaris tuberosa)
 * Phalaris arundinacea - reed canary grass, reed canarygrass
 * Phalaris brachystachys - shortspike canarygrass
 * Phalaris californica - California canarygrass
 * Phalaris canariensis - annual canarygrass, common canary grass, common canarygrass
 * Phalaris caroliniana - Carolina canarygrass, maygrass, see Eastern Agricultural Complex
 * Phalaris coerulescens - sunolgrass
 * Phalaris commutata
 * Phalaris elongata Braun-Blanq.
 * Phalaris lemmonii - Lemmon's canarygrass
 * Phalaris minor - canarygrass, littleseed canarygrass
 * Phalaris paradoxa - hood canarygrass
 * Phalaris platensis Henrard ex Wacht.
 * Phalaris truncata Guss. ex Bertol.

title: Phalaris (plant)


text:
Chayei Adam

Chayei Adam (חיי אדם "The Life of Man") is a work of Jewish law by Rabbi Avraham Danzig (1748–1820), dealing with the laws discussed in the Orach Chayim section of the Shulchan Aruch. It is divided into 224 sections - 69 dealing with daily conduct and prayer, and 155 with Shabbos (Sabbath) and Yom Tov (holidays).

Chayei Adam was intended primarily "for the cultured layman", as opposed to rabbinic scholars, and the work is thus presented in a readily accessible form. In many cities, societies were formed for the purpose of studying Chayei Adam.

In this work, Rabbi Danzig collected and critically sifted the Acharonic material in the field of the Halakha written in the more than two and a half centuries since the appearance of the Shulchan Aruch. A parallel work Nishmas Adam, published together with Chayei Adam, discusses the halachic issues in greater depth. The two are usually printed together.

The scholarship of the work is evidenced by the fact that Rabbi Chaim Volozhin, known for his opposition to "digests of halacha", granted the work his approbation (on condition that each section be cross-referenced to the Shulkhan Arukh to allow for further study). The rulings of the Chayei Adam are often cited in later works, especially the Mishnah Berurah.

title: Chayei Adam


text:
Po Chai Pills

Po Chai Pills is a traditional Chinese medicine product made from several herbs formed into tiny spherical pills about 4 mm in diameter. It is used as a remedy for the relief of indigestion, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea, and bloating. It can also be used as a hangover prevention remedy.

History
Po Chai Pills were developed by Li Shiu Kei in Foshan, Guangdong, in 1896. Following the Chinese Civil War, the Li family fled to Hong Kong and reestablished their company, Li Chung Shing Tong. However, their mainland property was nationalized. As a result, there are now two manufacturers of Po Chai Pills:

 * Li Chung Shing Tong (Holdings) Limited (李眾勝堂(集團)有限公司) in Hong Kong; and
 * Guangzhou Wanglaoji Pharmaceutical Company Limited (廣州王老吉葯業股份有限公司) in Guangzhou, China.

A mutual agreement between both parties has limited Wanglaoji's trademark rights to mainland China, while Li Chung Shing Tong has the rights to use the trademark in the rest of the world. The mainland manufacturer exports them from China as Curing Pills or Bao Ji Pills.

On 8 March 2010, sales of the pills and the capsule form of Po Chai from Li Chung Shing Tong were temporarily halted in Singapore as a precaution because traces of phenolphthalein and sibutramine were detected by the company in batches of the capsule form of Po Chai, and were recalled. Phenolphthalein's past use for its laxative properties has been discontinued because of concerns it may be carcinogenic. On 24 March 2010, Hong Kong's Department of Health recalled both Po Chai Pills Capsule Form and Po Chai Pills Bottle Form from local retail outlets and consumers.

On 11 May 2010, a licensed manufacturer in proprietary Chinese medicine, Li Chung Shing Tong (Holdings) Ltd. HK was given the green light to resume production and marketing of Po Chai Pills Bottle Form. Laboratory tests identified 11 tainted samples, all in Capsule Form, while none of the Bottle Form samples was found to contain the above two western medicines. In connection, the manufacturer has withdrawn the application for registration of Po Chai Pills Capsule Form which ceased to be produced in late March 2010.

Ingredients
The lists of known ingredients for Po Chai pills are listed as follows: The proprietary mixtures are shown on the right pictures:

［由麵粉和青蒿蒼耳子及萹蓄的新鮮氣生部份混合發酵而成]
 * Poria cocos (茯苓, Fú-Líng) Sclerotium
 * Southern Tsangshu (蒼朮 (苍术), Cāng-Zhú) Rhizome
 * Chinese patchouli (藿香, Huò-Xiāng) herb
 * Fragrant Angelica (白芷 Bái-Zhǐ) Root (Angelica dahurica, (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. seu Angelica anomala Avé-Lall. )
 * Kudzu (葛根 Gé-Gēn) root
 * Magnolia (厚朴 Hòu-Pò) root bark
 * Massa Fermentata (fermented mix of wheat flour, sweet annie (Artemisia annua L., 青蒿 Qīng Hāo) aerial parts, cocklebur (Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder, 蒼耳子 Cāng'r Zǐ) aerial parts, and knotweed (Polygonum aviculare L., 萹蓄 Biǎn Xù) aerial parts (神曲 Shén Qū, Shen-Chu)
 * Job's Tears (薏米 Yì-Mǐ, 薏苡仁 Yì-Yǐ Rén) Seed
 * Germinated Rice (Oryza sativa L.) (谷芽 Gǔ-Yá, 粟芽 Sù-Yá) seed
 * Field Mint (Mentha haplocalyx Briq.) (薄荷 Bó-Hé) herb
 * Chrysanthemum (菊花 Jú-Huā) flower
 * Red pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) (橘紅 Jú-Hóng, Chu-Hung) Peel

 * Halloysitum rubrum mineral (赤石脂 Chì Shí Zhī), Red Kaolin
 * Rhizoma Atractylodis (root)
 * Fructus Oryzae sativae germinatus/sprout
 * Herba Menthae (leaves)
 * Sclerotium Poriae cocos
 * Radix Puerariae (root)
 * Herba Agastaches (leaves)
 * Exocarpium Citri/tangerined red part
 * Cortex Magnoliae officinalis (bark)
 * Massa Fermentata/Leaven (and several leaves)

Endangered species
Some Po Chai pills contains Saussurea costus (syn. Dolomiaea costus, Aucklandia costus, 木香), listed on the label as Radix Aucklandiae (Latin for "aucklandia root"), which is endangered in the wild and listed in CITES Appendix I. As such, CITES permits or certificates are required for international trade in the product (including if the origin of the Dolomiaea costus was artificially propagated).

title: Po Chai Pills


text:
File:Louis Armstrong Autograph.jpg

Scan of autograph freely given by Satchmo to a fan in New Zealand in 1960s. Fan provided signature to Moriori for scanning.

title: File:Louis Armstrong Autograph.jpg


text:
Security thread

A security thread is a security feature of many banknotes to protect against counterfeiting, consisting of a thin ribbon that is threaded through the note's paper.

Usually, the ribbon runs vertically, and is "woven" into the paper, so that it at some places emerges on the front side and at the remaining places at the rear side of the paper. Usually, it is made of metal foil, but sometimes of plastic. Often, it has some text or numbers (e.g., the denomination) engraved.

Threads are embedded within the paper fiber and can be completely invisible or have a star burst effect, where the thread appears to weave in and out of the paper when viewed from one side. However, when held up to the light, the thread will always appear as a solid line. Features can be built into the thread material e.g., microprinting on a transparent plastic thread or adding materials so they fluoresce under ultraviolet light. The thread is a difficult feature to counterfeit but some counterfeiters have been known to print a thin grey line or a thin line of varnish in the area of the thread.

Security threads can also be used as an anti-counterfeiting device in passports. They are generally made of plastic and contain microprinting.

title: Security thread


text:
Coptis

Coptis (goldthread or canker root) is a genus of between 10 and 15 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Asia and North America.

Uses
Coptis teeta is used as a medicinal herb in China and the Eastern Himalayan regions of India particularly in Mishmi Hills of Arunachal Pradesh where it is used as a bitter tonic for treating malarial fever and dyspepsia. It is also believed to help insomnia in Chinese herbology. The roots contain the bitter alkaloid berberine. Studies have shown that the species has become endangered both due to overexploitation as well as intrinsic genetic bottlenecks such as high cytoplasmic male sterility induced by genetic mutations. As a result of the synaptic mutation and ensuing male sterility the sexual reproduction in the species is significantly depressed. The dried roots (goldthread) were commercially marketed in Canada until the 1950s or early 60s, to be steeped into a "tea" and swabbed onto areas affected by thrush (candidiasis) infection.

Ecology
The species inhabits warm and cold temperate forests of oak-rhododendron association. It is occasionally seen growing under bamboo thickets around Mayodia region of Dibang Valley district in the Mishmi Hills of Arunachal Pradesh in India. It flowers during early spring March–April and sets fruit/seed in July–August. The seedlings are rare and are often found germinating on moss laden dead wood on the forest floor or even on moss laden branches of Rhododendron. A new subspecies was recognised in C. teeta by Pandit & Babu and was named as subsp. lohitensis, which is morphologically very different from subsp. teeta and it is geographically distinct and inhabits broad leaf forests in Delai Valley of Lohit district in Arunachal Pradesh, India.

title: Coptis


text:
Talk:Pallium

Weird
Something is wrong with the last sentence in the third paragraph, but I'm not sure how it should read. Currently it is: "The lambs whose wool is destined for the making, of the pallia are solemnly presented at the altar by the nuns of the convent of Saint Agnes at March, 1644." What does "at March, 1644" have to do with the rest of the subject of the sentence? Any Roman Catholic experts want to weigh in on this? --Jarsyl 09:08, 2004 Sep 29 (UTC)

Much of this information (especially things from the old Catholic Encyclopedia) is out of date. Nowadays, metropolitan archbishops generally receive the pallium directly from the Pope in Rome on the Feast or Vigil of SS. Peter and Paul. Also, there should be information about the pallium the current Holy Father uses, and how it is closer in appearance to that of earlier centuries. --69.210.209.88 18:33, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

 * The article could certainly use a massive cleanup regardless. It used to me much shorter, but a few months ago someone dumped the CE material into it without adjustments for what was already said. TCC (talk) (contribs) 19:34, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

The article says paying for the pallium was condemned in 1432. That may be the case, but it isn't very important. As linking article [Albert of Mainz] and the history of the Protestant Reformation clearly show, paying for it was still practice at least through the early 1500s. 66.108.192.183 17:58, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

Definition
As far as I can tell, this use of the word Pallium is very narrow. Originally, a Pallium was just a specific type of greek cloak. It certainly predates christianity, since the roman emperor Augustus is noted for denouncing Roman citizens who wore the Pallium instead of the Roman toga. In my opinion, either a note of this should be included in this article, or a separate article should be made. Edit: There is an extensive description of the general form of the Pallium at which seems to also have lots of sources that could be used in a wiki description of this item. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 86.52.114.2 (talk • contribs).
 * It is, however, what the word means to the modern reader. To cross this with a kind of cloak would only lend confusion.

 * I suppose from this link that "pallium" was a Latin translation of himation? That is the proper Greek name for the Greek cloak, which is provided there numerous times, so to that extent the garment already has an article. Perhaps just a brief sentence with a link is all that's needed. How that Latin word came to apply to the vestment known in Greek as the omophorion, I don't really know. I note that Lewis & Short give the first definition of the word as "covering", so perhaps the name for the vestment was adopted from the more general sense of the word, as something that covered the shoulders. TCC (talk) (contribs) 02:14, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

Which is it?

 * The use of the pallium is reserved to the pope and archbishops who are metropolitans, but the latter may not use it until it is conferred upon them by the pope, normally at the celebration of the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul in June.

or is it:
 * the liturgy for the conferral of the pallium as it appears in the liturgical books is to take place at the beginning of the Mass in which the archbishop takes possession of his see

I understand what is meant: that the letter of the law is that it is conferred at the first mass of a metropolitan archbishop in his see, but that the common practice has been, under JPII and BXVI, to give them during the Mass immediately after they are blessed. Should the wording change, be simplified, or is it self evident enough as is?--Vidkun 14:32, 5 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Pallium is also just the Roman word for cloak. The Roman garment should also be discussed in a separate section from its later development as an ecclesiastical costume.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.180.184.169 (talk) 06:05, 22 September 2011 (UTC)

Common clothing item
I was directed to this page by the article for the Roman Empire that states that the pallium was a common clothing item for citizens of Rome. But this entry only talks about it being worn in a religious context. It would be greatly improved if it was mentioned how it evolved from an item of clothing worn by the general public to only ecclesiastic garb. 69.125.134.86 (talk) 19:57, 15 June 2013 (UTC)

Pallium Distribution
It was announced in January 2015 that Pope Francis has changed the public ceremony of investiture effective this year. Instead of all the new Metropolitans gathering in Rome on the feast of Saints Peter and Paul (29 June), the Holy Father will only bless the pallium during Mass in Rome. The Metropolitan Archbishop will then be given the pallium by the Apostolic Nuncio for their country at a later date. The second ceremony will include the participation of the Suffragan Bishops of the province.--Dcheney (talk) 09:14, 30 January 2015 (UTC)

 * Were there any palliums conferred in 2013 and 2014 (the 2 previous occurrences of June 29 feast of Sts. Peter & Paul during Francis pontificate)? Also, I recalled seeing something about a pallium being conferred in 1940s by Cardinal Dougherty (recipient may have been Richard Cushing, new Archbishop of Boston); that would be during World War II, and thus we'd expect difficulty w/r to travel to Rome.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.63.16.47 (talk) 15:00, 30 June 2015 (UTC)

 * The distributions in 2013 and 2014 were the same as under Pope Benedict XVI. I can't think of the names right off, but there have been a few cases in recent years where the receiver was unable to attend the ceremony and it was conferred later.--Dcheney (talk) 09:25, 1 July 2015 (UTC)

Initial date
Well-meaning editors will probably continue to "correct" this, but the 9th century date in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica is typo. It's sourced to St Boniface's letter to Cuthbert (both of whom lived in the mid-8th century) and that letter in turn is sourced to "Monumenta Germaniae"'s 3rd volume of letters which—as far as Archive.org can reckon—dates to the 13th century. (For what it's worth, these guys give the same cite the EB does but the publisher's catalogue doesn't list anything similar.) This site has Talbot's translation of the letter: it's very clearly mid-8th century ( 747) and very clearly limited to the jurisdiction of Boniface's synod. — Llywelyn II   12:06, 23 June 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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first sentence off
The first sentence is "The pallium (derived from the Roman pallium or palla, a woolen cloak; pl.: pallia) is an ecclesiastical vestment in the Roman Catholic Church, originally peculiar to the Pope, but for many centuries bestowed by the Holy See upon metropolitans and primates as a symbol of their conferred jurisdictional authorities, and still remains papal emblems."
 * It's the last bit. Should it read "and still remains a papal emblem"?  i can't parse the sentence to get to a plural emblems. --2607:FEA8:D5DF:FEF6:802:1700:38B0:C8C (talk) 13:20, 8 September 2019 (UTC)

What archbishops?
I find "In January 2015, Pope Francis announced that, from that year's imposition on, the pallium would no longer be awarded personally by the Pope in Rome; instead, the corresponding archbishops would impose it in their local churches." What archbishops? Did you mean nuncio or Apostolic Delegate as the case may be? Carlm0404 (talk) 22:32, 18 June 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pallium


text:
Medicago truncatula

Medicago truncatula, the barrelclover, strong-spined medick, barrel medic, or barrel medick, is a small annual legume native to the Mediterranean region that is used in genomic research. It is a low-growing, clover-like plant 10 - 60 cm tall with trifoliate leaves. Each leaflet is rounded, 1 – long, often with a dark spot in the center. The flowers are yellow, produced singly or in a small inflorescence of two to five together; the fruit is a small, spiny pod.

This species is studied as a model organism for legume biology because it has a small diploid genome, is self-fertile, has a rapid generation time and prolific seed production, is amenable to genetic transformation, and its genome has been sequenced.

It forms symbioses with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia (Sinorhizobium meliloti and Sinorhizobium medicae) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi including Rhizophagus irregularis (previously known as Glomus intraradices). The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana does not form either symbiosis, making M. truncatula an important tool for studying these processes.

It is also an important forage crop species in Australia.

Sequencing of the genome
The draft sequence of the genome of M. truncatula cultivar A17 was published in the journal Nature in 2011.

The sequencing was carried out by an international partnership of research laboratories involving researchers from the University of Oklahoma (US), J. Craig Venter Institute (US), Genoscope (France), and Sanger Centre (UK). Partner institutions included the University of Minnesota (US), University of California-Davis (US), the National Center for Genomic Resources (US), John Innes Centre (UK), Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (France), Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences (Germany), Wageningen University (the Netherlands), and Ghent University (Belgium). The Medicago truncatula Sequencing Consortium began in 2001 with a seed grant from the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation. In 2003, the National Science Foundation and the European Union 6th Framework Programme began providing most of the funding. By 2009, 84% of the genome assembly had been completed.

The assembly of the genome sequence in M. truncatula was based on bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs). This is the same approach used to sequence the genomes of humans, the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, and the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. In July 2013, version 4.0 of the genome was released. This version combined sequences gained from shotgun sequencing with the BAC-based sequence assemblies, which has helped to fill in the gaps in the previously mapped sequences.

A parallel group known as the International Medicago Gene Annotation Group (IMGAG) is responsible for identifying and describing putative gene sequences within the genome sequence.

Symbioses with soil microorganisms
Researcher Toby Kiers of VU University Amsterdam and associates used M. truncatula to study symbioses between plants and fungi – and to see whether the partners in the relationship could distinguish between good and bad traders/suppliers. By using labeled carbon to track the source of nutrient flowing through the arbuscular mycorrhizal system, the researchers have proven that the plants had indeed given more carbon to the more generous fungus species. By restricting the amount of carbon the plants gave to the fungus, the researchers also demonstrated that the fungi did pass along more of their phosphorus to the more generous plants.

Proteome
Proteomic investigation by mass spectrometry has been performed by Wienkoop et al 2004 and Larrainzar et al 2007.

title: Medicago truncatula