text:
Keirsey Temperament Sorter

The Keirsey Temperament Sorter (KTS) is a self-assessed personality questionnaire. It was first introduced in the book Please Understand Me. The KTS is closely associated with the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI); however, there are significant practical and theoretical differences between the two personality questionnaires and their associated different descriptions.

Historical development

 * See also Historical Development of Theories of the Four Temperaments

David Keirsey became familiar with the work of Ernst Kretschmer and William Sheldon after WWII in the late 1940s. Keirsey developed the Temperament Sorter after being introduced to the MBTI in 1956. Tracing the idea of temperament back to the ancient Greeks, Keirsey developed a modern temperament theory in his books Please Understand Me (1978), Portraits of Temperament (1988), Presidential Temperament (1992), Please Understand Me II (1998), Brains and Careers (2008), and Personology (2010). The table below shows how Myers' and Keirsey's types correspond to other temperament theories or constructs, dating from ancient times to the present day.

Four temperaments
Keirsey expanded on the ancient study of temperament by Hippocrates and Plato. In his works, Keirsey used the names suggested by Plato: Artisan (iconic), Guardian (pistic), Idealist (noetic), and Rational (dianoetic). Keirsey divided each of the four temperaments into two categories (roles), each with two types (role variants). The resulting 16 types correlate with the 16 personality types described by Briggs and Myers.

Artisan
The Artisan temperament is one of four temperaments defined by Keirsey. Correlating with the SP (sensing–perceiving) Myers-Briggs types, the Artisan temperament comprises the following role variants (listed with their correlating Myers-Briggs types): Composer (ISFP), Crafter (ISTP), Performer (ESFP), and Promoter (ESTP). Artisans are concrete and adaptable. Seeking stimulation and virtuosity, they are concerned with making an impact. Their greatest strength is tactics. They excel at troubleshooting, agility, and the manipulation of tools, instruments, and equipment. At their worst, entertainers can become pleasure-seeking, and operators can become hedonistic. The two roles are as follows:
 * Operators are the directive (proactive) Artisans. Their most-developed intelligence operation is expediting. The attentive Crafters and the expressive Promoters are the two role variants.
 * Entertainers are the informative (reactive) Artisans. Their most developed intelligence operation is improvising. The attentive Composers and the expressive Performers are the two role variants.

Guardian
The Guardian temperament is one of four temperaments defined by Keirsey. Correlating with the SJ (sensing–judging) Myers–Briggs types, the Guardian temperament comprises the following role variants (listed with their correlating Myers–Briggs types): Inspector (ISTJ), Protector (ISFJ), Provider (ESFJ), and Supervisor (ESTJ). Guardians are concrete and organized (scheduled). Seeking security and belonging, they are concerned with responsibility and duty. Their greatest strength is logistics. They excel at organizing, facilitating, checking, and supporting. The two roles are as follows:

 * Administrators are the directive (proactive) Guardians. Their most developed intelligence operation is regulating. The attentive Inspectors and the expressive Supervisors are the two role variants.

 * Conservators are the informative (reactive) Guardians. Their most developed intelligence operation is supporting. The attentive Protectors and the expressive Providers are the two role variants.

Idealist
The Idealist temperament is one of four temperaments defined by Keirsey. Correlating with the NF (intuitive–feeling) Myers-Briggs types, the Idealist temperament comprises the following role variants (listed with their correlating Myers-Briggs types): Champion (ENFP), Counselor (INFJ), Healer (INFP), and Teacher (ENFJ). Idealists are abstract and compassionate. Seeking meaning and significance, they are concerned with personal growth and finding their own unique identity. Their greatest strength is diplomacy. They excel at clarifying, individualizing, unifying, and inspiring. The two roles are as follows:

 * Mentors are the directive (proactive) Idealists. Their most developed intelligence operation is developing. The attentive Counselors and the expressive Teachers are the two role variants.

 * Advocates are the informative (reactive) Idealists. Their most developed intelligence operation is mediating. The attentive Healers and the expressive Champions are the two role variants.

Rational
The Rational temperament is one of the four temperaments defined by Keirsey. Correlating with the NT (intuitive–thinking) Myers-Briggs types, the Rational temperament comprises the following role variants (listed with their correlated Myers-Briggs types): Architect (INTP), Fieldmarshal (ENTJ), Inventor (ENTP), and Mastermind (INTJ). Rationals are abstract and objective. Seeking mastery and self-control, they are concerned with their own knowledge and competence. Their greatest strength is strategy. They excel in any kind of logical investigation such as engineering, conceptualizing, theorizing, and coordinating. The two roles are as follows:

 * Coordinators are the directive (proactive) Rationals. Their most developed intelligence operation is arranging. The attentive Masterminds and the expressive Fieldmarshals are the two role variants.

 * Engineers are the informative (reactive) Rationals. Their most developed intelligence operation is constructing. The attentive Architects and the expressive Inventors are the two role variants.

Four interaction roles
In his book Brains and Careers (2008), Keirsey divided the role variants into groupings that he called "four differing roles that people play in face-to-face interaction with one another."

There are two Proactive Enterprising Roles: There are two Reactive Inquiring Roles:
 * Initiators (expressive and directive): Field Marshal (ENTJ), Supervisor (ESTJ), Promoter (ESTP), Teacher (ENFJ)—Preemptive
 * Contenders (attentive and directive): Mastermind (INTJ), Inspector (ISTJ), Crafter (ISTP), Counselor (INFJ)—Competitive
 * Coworkers (expressive and informative): Inventor (ENTP), Provider (ESFJ), Performer (ESFP), Champion (ENFP)—Collaborative
 * Responders (attentive and informative): Architect (INTP), Protector (ISFJ), Composer (ISFP), Healer (INFP)—Accommodative

The roles were implied in the informing/directing factor introduced in Portraits of Temperament. In his 2010 follow-up book, Personology, "Coworkers" is renamed "Collaborators" and "Responders" is renamed "Accommodators".

Temperaments and intelligence types
The following table shows how the four rings relate to one another and to the various temperaments.

Myers–Briggs types versus Keirsey's temperaments
The type descriptions of Isabel Myers differ from the character descriptions of David Keirsey in several important ways:
 * Myers primarily focused on how people think and feel; Keirsey focused more on behavior, which is directly observable.
 * Myers's descriptions use a linear four-factor model; Keirsey's descriptions use a systems field theory model.
 * Myers, following Jung's lead, emphasized the extraversion/introversion (expressive/attentive) dichotomy; Keirsey's model places greater importance on the sensing/intuition (concrete/abstract) dichotomy.
 * Myers grouped types by 'function attitudes'; Keirsey, by temperament.

Myers grouped types according to cognitive function: the 'thinking type' grouping for those with dominant thinking; the 'intuitive type' grouping for those with dominant intuition; the 'feeling type' grouping for those with dominant feeling; and the 'sensing type' grouping for those with dominant sensing. Keirsey's temperaments correlate with Myers' combinations of preferences: Guardians with sensing plus judging (SJ); Artisans with sensing plus perceiving (SP); Idealists with intuition plus feeling (NF); and Rationals with intuition plus thinking (NT).

Myers paired ESTJs with ENTJs, ISFPs with INFPs, INTPs with ISTPs, and ENFJs with ESFJs because they share the same dominant function attitude. ESTJs and ENTJs are both extraverted thinkers, ISFPs and INFPs are both introverted feelers, INTPs and ISTPs are both introverted thinkers, and ENFJs and ESFJs are both extraverted feelers. Keirsey holds that these same groupings are very different from one another because they are of different temperaments. ESTJs are Guardians whereas ENTJs are Rationals; ISFPs are Artisans whereas INFPs are Idealists; INTPs are Rationals whereas ISTPs are Artisans; and ENFJs are Idealists whereas ESFJs are Guardians.

Empirical validation
In a 2001 peer-reviewed study published in the Journal of Career Assessment, data from the Keirsey Temperament Sorter II online instrument and Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) for 203 college freshmen were analyzed and compared. Positive correlations appeared between the concurrent MBTI and Keirsey measures of psychological type, giving preliminary support to the validity of the online version of Keirsey.

title: Keirsey Temperament Sorter


text:
User talk:Share Bear

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Women in Red World Contest
Hi. We're into the last five days of the Women in Red World Contest. There's a new bonus prize of $200 worth of books of your choice to win for creating the most new women biographies between 0:00 on the 26th and 23:59 on 30th November. If you've been contributing to the contest, thank you for your support, we've produced over 2000 articles. If you haven't contributed yet, we would appreciate you taking the time to add entries to our articles achievements list by the end of the month. Thank you, and if participating, good luck with the finale!

Nomination of Minori Aoi for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Minori Aoi is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Minori Aoi until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. K.e.coffman (talk) 03:13, 28 January 2018 (UTC)

Nomination of Karin Anna Cheung for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Karin Anna Cheung is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Karin Anna Cheung until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Nightvour (talk) 17:54, 24 May 2020 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:12BDVDCover.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:12BDVDCover.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 17:22, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Share Bear


text:
Thibaudeau Rinfret

Thibaudeau Rinfret (June 22, 1879 – July 25, 1962) was a Canadian jurist and the ninth Chief Justice of Canada and Administrator of Canada in 1952.

Early life
Rinfret was born in Montreal in 1879, the son of François-Olivier Rinfret and Albina Pominville. He was the brother of Fernand Rinfret, Liberal politician who became Mayor of Montreal, and brother of Charles Rinfret, a prominent Montreal businessman.

Professional career
Rinfret studied law at the Université Laval à Montréal, Faculté de droit and McGill University and was called to the Bar of Quebec in 1901. He was appointed to the Quebec Superior Court in 1922 and to the Supreme Court of Canada in 1924.

Rinfret became Chief Justice on January 8, 1944, and served until his retirement on June 22, 1954. During his term as Chief Justice, Canada ended appeals to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council making the Supreme Court of Canada the final court of appeal in Canadian jurisprudence.

Rinfret was Administrator of the Government in 1952 after the departure of Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, and until Vincent Massey could officially be sworn in as Governor General of Canada. During this time he proclaimed Elizabeth II as Queen of Canada, following the death of King George VI.

Personal life
His son was the Quebec politician and judge Édouard Rinfret.

title: Thibaudeau Rinfret


text:
Talk:Current events/Archive 9

Discussion from Current sports events
66.167.253.66 05:04, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC): See Talk:August 2004 in sports about adding an icon next to Olympics stories. Two broader questions are implied by that thread: I contend there are occasions like the 2004 Summer Olympics where it seems appropriate to highlight a daily series of related items on an otherwise chronologically ordered page. I like that approach better than having two separate articles or separate chronological sections.
 * are there situations where stories within the main chronological section of a current events page warrant some mark which relates them together?
 * if so, is the technique of using a small right-justified icon to mark them a good implementation?

Another, less-ideal example of a place that could use the same technique is on the U.S. presidential election, 2004 page. One could mark Kerry items with a donkey, Bush items with an elephant, etc. to make it easy to find items about each candidate. It becomes less ideal if it renders an article cluttered with too many types and instances of icons.

Last time I checked, the Olympics was a newsmaking sports event. So, yes the newsmaking Olympic events should be included in Current sports news. "Antonio Hear Me Loud Babeeeeeeeeeee!!! Martin"

NYT
I just added a link to a New York Times story, which somehow doesn't seem to require subscription. Can others confirm this, is it a cookie thing? - pir 10:33, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * It seems to work fine, even in Lynx rejecting any cookies. Rafał Pocztarski 21:10, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * The key is the last bit of the link: "&partner=NYTHEADLINES_INTL". This is a feature designed to let webloggers link to NYT articles; it tells the NYT web site not to check for membership.  I don't know what other values are acceptable, but this one seems to work. Michael Z. 19:15, 2004 Aug 23 (UTC)

Legal news?
How about a separate section for ongoing notable trials on the right? Like upcoming elections, ongoing events, add ongoing trials as a separate group? Then we could have things like the Scott Peterson, Kobe Bryant and other such trials over there. It would separate them from other ongoing events, but still list them. Include relevant country as well, like we do for election news. --Golbez 19:57, 19 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I think this is a very good idea. Don't forget Michael Jackson trial and Saddam Hussein trial as well.  Seems that at least these four different legal proceedings (in the U.S.) have significant news weekly if not daily. Jewbacca 20:39, Aug 19, 2004 (UTC)

 * No one's objected so I'll try it out. Major trials outside the US need to be included too, but I don't know any. :P --Golbez 16:11, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I think the section on elections is good, but there are "long-term" historical events (swift boat, RNC) associated with the campaign that can be considered to be significant in their own right. Because these subissues need a header, I reinstated presidential campaign as an ongoing issue.MPS 1445 29 Aug 04 (EDT)

Najaf
It seems that there has been news about "Najaf" in particular almost every day this week. At what point does "The conflict in Najaf" become a separate "Ongoing Events" category? On the other hand, just because it's in the headlines every day doesn't mean there aren't other Iraqi cities where significant conflict is going on... MPS1200 23 August 2004 (UTC)

Controversial Item
what do we do with news such as this (Reuters)? Current Events? 209.135.35.83 18:06, 31 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * We read it and laugh. And move on. :) Jewbacca 18:09, Aug 31, 2004 (UTC)

Calendar on the top right
Is the calendar on the top right in Current events supposed to be clickable ? Ditto for August 2004. -- PFHLai 04:37, 2004 Sep 3 (UTC)
 * They are, but only for those days which have news stories. -- Arwel 11:17, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Nothing happens when I click on any of the dates, including those in August. I might have typed in the wrong codes for Sep. 1st & 2nd. Or is my browser acting up ? -- PFHLai 08:49, 2004 Sep 4 (UTC)
 * Just found out that it only works when I am not logged in. Rather odd and annoying... :-( -- PFHLai 04:34, 2004 Sep 5 (UTC)

Iran uranium situation
Yes, it is all well and good that Iran can potentially create five nuclear weapons with the amount of yellowcake uranium converted to uranium hexofluoride. But does anybody know how much power they can generate on that same amount?

Who's attacking whom?
Often a political campaign in a democratic country will complain that an opposing campaign is "attacking" its candidate for office. The Wikipedia should not endorse these complaints but merely report them.

For example, the Kerry campaign began in March 2004 to label the Bush campaign was "an attack machine" and complained that their opponents were engaging in negative campaigning. They have consistently portrayed their opponents as (a) having no worthwhile proposals of their own and (b) concealing this via relentless unfair criticism of Kerry.

Rather than buying into the Kerry campaign's POV, our Wikipedia articles should report neutrally on their rhetoric:
 * The Kerry campaign called Pataki's remarks "a venomous attack" (assuming it was the campaign that evaluated Pataki's remarks that way, and not just a Kerry supporter who happens to be a Wikipedian).

It should go without saying that this goes both ways, but I'll say it anyway: any attempts by the Bush campaign to label criticism of Bush as "attacks" should also be labeled in the same way.
 * The Bush campaign called Kerry's remarks "a deliberate misreading of Bush's MSNBC interview" and blamed the Kerry campaign for inciting the terrorism at the Russian school (assuming the RNC actually said this)

Note that the bullet items above are hypothetical; I'm just using them as examples of the type of thing we have to do, to remain neutral. --Uncle Ed 15:11, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * "Venomous attack" was used by the nice kerry people in relation to the Vice presidents RNC speech. It shouldn't have been used. Mea culpa. - 195.7.55.146

I disagree with the contention that "A attacked B" is inherently POV. A claim of political attacks may in some cases be disputed, but it is often perfectly clear that an attack was made. If it is clear, then the attack may be reported neutrally. If attack status is disputed, *then* it is only "B complained that A attacked B" that can be reported. The statements that are alleged to constitute an attack should, of course, be reported somewhere. I think perhaps those people who are stating that attack status is POV are interpreting "attack" as "unjustified attack"; justification is indeed POV. 195.167.169.36 15:54, 10 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Beslan school siege
Two hopes: And a comment: Admittedly, it's a huge story. But I don't think we're handling it as well as we could. –Hajor 18:42, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * That this hectic bullet-upon-bullet reporting style doesn't become an acceptable normal style on Current Events.
 * That in a couple of days, one of our Master Editors will condense this frantic narrative into three or four succinct phrases summarizing each day's events.
 * A blow-by-blow timeline (with times given, as each development breaks, and links to the pertinent news stories) would be much more helpful on the actual article page (like we did for the 11 March attacks in Madrid).

 * Well, I consolidated one of the days' events, only to be reverted scant minutes later, as it was "one of the most important things happening in the world right now", or something similar. *sigh*
 * James F. (talk) 00:06, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Yes, I saw that. Pity. Try again in a couple of days' time? –Hajor 03:15, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)

And that someone will actually put the 'current events' page timeline in the right order --Cynical 19:00, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Categorization
Hello Current Events people! (I seldom edit this). I think we need to categorize a lot of the events that happen during the year. I know that we already do this (Category:2004 in sports etc), but we are perhaps not doing it consequently. I've created the category Category:Conflicts in 2004 and I wonder what you think of this. I want Category:2004 to cover "What happened in 2004?". Without conflicts and stuff like that, it lacks major parts. Other missing things seem to be the US Presidential campaign, which I can't find from the 2004 category. Thus we might need Category:2004 in politics etc. [[User:Sverdrup|❝Sverdrup❞ ]] 15:04, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Iraq Occupation/Restoration
I really don't see the big difference. There are still just as many troops in Iraq as there was before. Iraq is just as unstable, if not more so. I don't see anything to tell me that "the occupation has ended" beyond one person saying so on television. -- The same person, mind you, who also said the war is over, when in fact the rate of causalities has not declined. -- The armed conflict is ongoing. I'm really not sure that these terms are legitimate. True, the American government uses them religiously, but I don't think that substantiates anything. Kevin Baas | talk 00:01, 2004 Sep 8 (UTC)

Inflammatory
Saying that Israeli forces shote a girl while she was sitting in school is inflammatory and incomplete. Please retain an unbiased version to avoid the image (that popped into my head) of a soldier standing in the classroom firing at the child. - Tεx  τ  urε  15:50, 8 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * The truth hurts, but failure to sugar-coat it should not be viewed as inflammatory. Nelson Ricardo 00:07, Sep 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * I don't think my change sugar coated but rather gave more information. I have no opinion on the latest entry. - Tεx  τ  urε  17:41, 9 Sep 2004 (UTC)

In both these instances, there were gun battles taking place between gunmen and Israeli troops. Both are armed with weapons firing 5.56mm rounds, some of which were received under the Oslo Accords. Some people have weapons firing 7.62mm as well. Nevertheless, the UN reports that it was an Israeli round which killed the two children. This is highly questionable. (See http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/2003/06/fallows.htm "Who shot Mohammed al-Dura" and the reports indicating that he was killed by Arabs, perhaps deliberately.)  Let's keep it NPOV and not make assertions that are uncomfirmable. You may have seen the film of Arab gunmen shooting weapons by holding the weapon out and firing with no aim whatsoever. This behavior is common. I have seen it repeatedly. Lance6Wins 15:57, 9 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * You cannot believe either Side, both lie. Usually, when there is a gunfight both sides report it, The palestinians celebrating a martyr, the Israelis a successful operation.  In this instance there is only there are two conflicting versions, so both should be given. Read here:

Better yet, read this collection of materials regarding these two incidents. It shows clearly how differently the two incidents cited in the Guardian article are reported. Just today the Australian Prime Minister John Howard characterized the car bomb attack in Jakarta "This is not a nation that is going to be intimidated by acts of terrorism". Terrorism. Car bomb in Jakarta. In front of Australian Embassy....the same act carried out in Israel is rarely called terrorism by many people in the West. As Steve Goodman said, "it ain't hard to get along with somebody else's troubles" 209.135.35.83 18:29, 9 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Not to mention the firing of Qassam rockets into towns and the mortar shelling of communities. Two acts of violence designed to target non-combatants specifically....virtually no one in the West calls these acts terrorism...unless someone in their own country/state/town/backyard is targeted. Lance6Wins 18:33, 9 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * But that is refusing to mention that they are firing on people who have stolen their homes, State sanctioned criminals under international law. And if the Australian embassy was blown up by a suicide bomber inside Israel it would of course be referred to as Terrorism!  What utter folly!

 * This is a discussion about a specific episode. What all this argument about others countries perception of terrorism in Israel has to do with it? Enlarging the focus without a reason is not going to bring any benefit. --Balubino 01:14, 12 Sep 2004 (UTC)

deletion of 1-7 Sep 04
Who deleted the current events from 1 to 7 Sep? Shouldn't there be a link that directs the reader to these older stories? 13:55, 10 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I've reinstated them. It looks like User:The King Of Gondor pressed "Save page" twice in quick succession and the page got accidentally truncated. It happens sometimes, no big deal as it's easily fixed. -- Arwel 14:09, 10 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Sorry. Really, I am. -- The King Of Gondor 18:39, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)

North Korean mushroom cloud
I just wanted to point out the increasing usefulness of this page. I saw a reference to the North Korean mushroom cloud here, with links to appropriate background information, hours before I could find so much as a single article anywhere else on the web. Even now, there are links to more background information than any "real" news source could boast, and the North Korean explosion tidbit has been superseded by a Saudi electoral tidbit which is now not being reported anywhere mainstream, while Wikipedia already has a report and links to useful background information... Just wanted to make a note of this. Tuf-Kat 07:48, Sep 12, 2004 (UTC)

 * Ain't it cool? -- Cyrius|✎ 07:51, 12 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Current Event or a VfD candidate?
I've never been involved with this page before, so I'm not quite sure exactly what qualifies as a current event. I looked over the archives but couldn't make a call on this one, so I thought I should bring it to the attention of the regulars here. Is a bill not yet approved a current event? If not, should it be sent to VfD as What Wikipedia entries are not #16 A news report? Thank you. SWAdair | Talk 04:31, 14 Sep 2004 (UTC)

RSS feed
What will it take to have a web feed for the current events page or for the wikipedia home page?

Lot of people use RSS to stay updated with the latest news. The latest version of Firefox has enhanced support for syndication! Sridev 20:47, 14 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Sports policy?
I realize there is a Current sports events page, but not everyone is a sport nut and would be going there. Does anything qualify as important enough a sports event to be listed on main Current Events?

e.g., the 2004 World Cup of Hockey final is Ice Hockey's biggest story of the year, excepting perhaps the Stanley Cup final. Is two lines on CE too much?

Radagast 03:39, Sep 15, 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, I think that some sports events deserve to be listed here, and so do some others, but generally speaking they tend to be removed with the comment "Don't you know that current sports events exists?" or similar. Opponents argue that the current events page would be "flooded" with sports events if we even so much as whisper the word "golf major". Positions are entrenched, so I've given up trying to argue the case. -- Avaragado 11:38, 15 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Maybe I was overzealous in removing the World Cup story. For my part, I'll try to be more selective in the future. - Mateo SA 14:54, Sep 15, 2004 (UTC)

Bias favoring rebel POV in Iraq
Much Wikipedian rewriting of AP, Guardian and other news stories slants the coverage even more in favor of the rebels than those anti-US sources had already slanted the stories. This has got to stop.

Wikipedia news coverage should not be slanted in ANY direction.

Don't argue your points in news stories. Don't omit one side and emphasize another side, especially when the source you are quoting includes both sides.

The US point of view is that they are liberating an oppressed Iraqi populace from a bloodthirsty, power-mad dictator. We should neither endorse nor oppose this POV.

The rebels' point of view as that they are fighting against an imperial takeover aimed at subjugating an independent Iraqi populace for selfish and nationalistic purposes. We should neither endorse nor oppose this POV.

News stories tend to play up the "rebels vs. US" angle. They are quick to quote local witnesses who insinuate that the US is killing civilians wantonly in a war of aggression; this bolsters the argument that the US is wrong. Please note that Wikipedia must not endorse or oppose this argument.

If you want to argue that the US is guilty of war crimes, start a blog. Or write a general article which QUOTES prominent sources as making this argument. But don't sneak it into news stories. I'm asking you, please. --Uncle Ed 17:58, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * There is more than one group of rebels, and more than one Viewpoint. Don't forget there are those who ant to stoke up a civil war, and those who want a union of three states who are actively fighting each other as well as anti-US and Collaberating Iraqi activists.

 * If the U.S kills dozens of civilians, the U.S kills dozens of civilians. Suggesting otherwise is maintaining a US POV.  As it is, The cities of Fallujah, to name one, is not under U.S occupation.  If local Doctors say they are treating Civilians their position is more believable because they are actually there.  The U.S is not there, so for them to say absolutely that no Civilians were killed suggests they are in control of a God-Like omnipresence.

too much analysis
Entries in this Current Events page are becoming too cumbersome. Please leave out detailed analysis - such analysis should appear elsewhere in Wikipedia. Please limit your entries to one or two sentences. Kingturtle 04:50, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Agreed. I started chopping the Nader story down and people went and added stuff back (it's been really trimmed now). -- Cyrius|✎ 05:22, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)

I made this suggestion on the Talk page of User:Mateo SA, and User:Kevin baas replied on that page that such a belief does not represent Wikipedia consensus. OK, let's discuss that here, then. What is the consensus of the community concerning the use of the Current events page? My understanding was that it was a place to add maybe two or three sentences, which linked to Wikipedia articles in which more information could be included (where appropriate), and an off-site link to a news article with all the details. On the article about the mother of the dead soldier from Iraq being arrested for her protest at a Laura Bush rally, do we really need two extra sentences in which a third person, not directly involved in the dispute, talks about how she's trained to deal with protesters? I think the use of excessive prose on Current events is an attempt at an end-around to include POV. RickK 18:22, Sep 19, 2004 (UTC)

Firstly, let me say that I've been misrepresented by RickK: I said they do not necessarily represent the consensus. Now that that correction is out of the way... I think that we should not have more than a brief paragraph. We should write just enough to give the reader an accurate and neutral view. The amount of text necessary to do this varies depending on the complexity and intensity of the issue, but I don't think we would ever need more than a brief paragraph. For example, in the Laura Bush rally issue cited above by RickK, we do need the fact that she bought a ticket. The first impression is important, it's quintessential that it be neutral and contain information that is critical. Kevin Baas | talk 18:33, 2004 Sep 19 (UTC)

 * Why is the fact that the lady bought the ticket worth including in our article, when it can be found in the article that's linked to? Please note:  My politics has nothing to do with my concerns about this article.  And others.  RickK 19:25, Sep 19, 2004 (UTC)

 * As formerly mentioned: first impression. Without it being mentioned, people will form the opinion (prejudice) that she was trespassing; that she did not buy a ticket. With it being mentioned, people will know that she did buy a ticket and therefore was not trespassing, and furthermore that she was wrongfully arrested. That's a pretty big difference. That's what I meant when I said "information that is critical". Kevin Baas | talk 19:35, 2004 Sep 19 (UTC)

I think the main purpose of having a Current Events section is to provide a convenient set of links to topics and persons in the news, in order for users to gain background and context to the news. Note that this is not the same as trying to report or analyze the news itself. We have looked silly in the past trying to report "breaking news" on the main page (for example back in April and the Ryongchon disaster); professional news sources (of which there are many on the web) utilize extensive fact-checking, vetting, and weasel words when reporting on breaking events, for good reason. The collaborative approach that works well for reference material is simply unsuitable for news reporting, IMO. Given this, I'd prefer to see the Current Events section be as unadorned a list of links as possible. Jgm 18:50, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree with this; simply say what happened, with as many internal links and a few external links (but for pete's sake, one or two is sufficient - at one point the Nader story had five links!). No extra details that should go in an article, and no minor news stories like that rally one. Sorry, but I don't really see why it was no CE to begin with. --Golbez 21:09, Sep 19, 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree with Golbez's above statement. Kevin Baas | talk 00:53, 2004 Sep 20 (UTC)

 * Regarding external links, would it be worth just linking to a Google News search on the topic? That way the use gets a range of articles, constantly updated, and from different POV. -- Chuq 01:59, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I think there should be two or three new sources (one is too susceptible to POV and incompleteness, four is too many), and then a google search link sounds like a good idea. But I don't thing the link should replace the direct news links. Kevin Baas | talk 13:51, 2004 Sep 20 (UTC)

Please label POV
Kevin wrote above (about Laura Bush & the female heckler):

 * ...people will know that she did buy a ticket and therefore was not trespassing, and furthermore that she was wrongfully arrested.

If it was your purpose to let people know that she was wrongfully arrested, then by definition you were including a point of view in your news capsule. This is not wrong in itself, provided it's clear that it's your POV and not the official view of the Wikipedia.

But generally we Wikipedians do not assert our own points of view when writing neutral articles. We quote another, more prominent source -- and often even quote a contradictory source if it's an important controversy.

Some questions this news story raises include:
 * How much right does a protester have to interrupt someone else's public speech?
 * Does the price of admission give each audience member an unlimited right to "share" their opinion, at events whose organizers do not request audience participation?
 * Do liberal hecklers have 'more rights' to interrupt or even shout down a conservative speaker than anti-liberal hecklers?
 * Is removing a heckler -- no matter how gently she is "guided out of the area" -- ALWAYS constitute police brutality?

Forget for a moment what MY opinion on any of these questions is. Let's consider how WE as Wikipedians writing about current events should deal with these questions.

I would suggest, for example, text like:
 * A female heckler was arrested for "trespassing"; civil rights group XYZ called it a "wrongful arrest"; or,
 * Professor Jeffrey S. Peech of Yale Law School observed that most cases of defiant trespass are dismissed and added that he thinks the law has been abused to favor the rich and powerful to suppress the free speech rights of the weak and underprivileged.

Can we agree on something like this? --Uncle Ed 12:50, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I think the line about her being charged should be left out. Kevin seems to have included the information he did to counter-act the implication of stating that she was charged, in an attempt at NPOV. The simplest thing to do is to leave out the second line, which is POV, and just say:
 * U.S. presidential election: At a campaign stop in Hamilton, New Jersey, Sue Niederer, the mother of a soldier killed in Iraq in February, is arrested after disrupting a speech by First Lady Laura Bush. (CNN.com) (http://www.cnn.com/2004/US/09/17/bush.protester/index.html) (CBS News) (http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/09/17/politics/main644005.shtml)
 * 195.92.67.71 13:23, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

I would just like to point out that the law is not POV. If a republican heckler got arrested at a democratic campaign for heckling (which they have done a lot this year, without any democrats attempting to violate their civil rights), the republicans would cry bloody murder. They would be as adamant about that being wrong as some people are about it being okay if democrats are arrested for heckling republicans. Last I checked, we were all americans. The law is not POV, although some people's application of it may be biased/hypocritical.

If we're going to include anything more than a link to an article, we should have a description of the subject of the article. In this case, the article is not about trespassing or any criminal activity for that matter - we should tell them what the article is really about. I'm sure a lot of people all around the world actually did trespass that day, but there isn't an article about each one of them. Why is this particular event, where a person did not trespass, so significant?

I think Ed Poor's two listed options are fine, but the facts should be specific to the case. In this case, the fact that she bought a ticket is specific to this case, and clearly shows that she should not have been arrested. Also "civil rights groups called it..." and "Professor Jeffrey..." introduce POV or insinuation, respectively. We should, instead, be precise, objective, and specific to the case. Something like "the case against her was dismissed" would be more fitting.

Now let me answer the questions:
 * How much right does a protester have to interrupt someone else's public speech?
 * EVERY right, legally speaking.
 * Does the price of admission give each audience member an unlimited right to "share" their opinion, at events whose organizers do not request audience participation?
 * The price of admission gives each audience member a right to be admitted.
 * Do liberal hecklers have 'more rights' to interrupt or even shout down a conservative speaker than anti-liberal hecklers?
 * No.
 * Is removing a heckler -- no matter how gently she is "guided out of the area" -- ALWAYS constitute police brutality?
 * No. No one has alleged brutality. You are the first person to mention it. Arresting someone who has committed no crime constitutes police injustice, which is worse than a crime by a civilian because it is a crime done by the very institution that is supposed to prevent crime.

Kevin Baas | talk 14:26, 2004 Sep 20 (UTC)

Oh, and FWIW, I would like to make a correction to the anon's post: I did not make any edits to the paragraph on the civil rights violation. (the para that is the topic of this thread) Kevin Baas | talk 14:32, 2004 Sep 20 (UTC)

Political Debates
Is it really good to have the Same-Sex Marriage Debate in the USA listed as an ongoing event? Of course it is taking place right now and it's a hot topic in the USA, but if this stays in, basically every important political debate of every nation can be added, not? Unlike for example the U.S. presidential election this debate will have zero influence outside of the USA.

Anti-Israeli bias
The following news story has an anti-Israeli bias:

 * Two Palestinians are killed by Israeli troops returning fire after an Israeli soldier was killed at an observation post in the northern Gaza strip. The troops have been engaged in that part of the northern Gaza Strip since yesterday, September 29.

 * 1) It downplays the killing of the Israeli soldier
 * 2) It does not clarify whether the "Palestinians" who were killed, were armed (although "returned fire" implies this)
 * 3) It seems designed to give the impression that Israel is conducting a campaign of indiscriminate slaughter.

If some advocate believes that Israel is killing "Palestinians" without concern for international law or moral considerations, we should include a comment attributed to that source, like:
 * "This is another example of Israel's indiscriminate slaughter of freedom-loving Palestinians. Those hypocrites say they love democracy, but they don't even respect elementary human rights," said Mustapha al Fahda, leader of the Alliance for Palestinian Democracy.

I think the best way to describe armed violence is to mention who fired the first shot, like this:

 * An Israeli soldier is killed at an observation post in the northern Gaza strip. Israeli troops returned fire, killing two Palestinians.

Please think carefully about the impression your writing makes, and try hard to avoid letting bias creep in. --Uncle Ed 14:02, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * What are you talking about? If you are returning Fire, it surely means the fire was Coming in both directions.  Ireally don't see how it downplays the death of the soldier, perhaps you can further Ellaborate, and it most certainly does not give any impression of Wholescale slaughter.  TWO. Not two hundred, not two million.. TWO. How on earth could anyone come to the conclusion that was " a campaign of indiscriminate slaughter."?

 * The Palestinians did not shoot first. The observation post was in the Northern Gaza Strip.  how do you think it got there?  Did they magicly appear?  Get real!

Are you saying the story is okay because "returned fire" clearly says that the Israeli observation post was attacked first? Or are you saying that the story is okay because it (correctly) gives the impression that the observation post fired the first shot?

Or are you really saying that you want Wikipedia to endorse the POV that Israel is an "aggressor", so that every attack by Palestinian Arabs on Israel soldiers is a "response" (i.e., justified in self-defense) while every atttack by Israli soldiers on Palestinian Arabs (armed or unarmed) is "bad"?

If so, please recall that NPOV forbids the Wikipedia to endorse or reject any controversial view. --Uncle Ed 17:07, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Current events/Archive 9


text:
Vampire Killer

Vampire Killer, known in Japan as Akumajō Dracula, (悪魔城ドラキュラ) is a 1986 platform game developed and published by Konami for the MSX2. It is a parallel version of the original Castlevania, which debuted a month earlier for the Famicom Disk System under the same Japanese title. However, the MSX2 version was localized first in Europe and was published without the Castlevania branding that the franchise would start using abroad in 1987 when the NES version was released in North America (where neither Vampire Killer nor the MSX2 platform were released). It was released on the Wii U's Virtual Console on December 17, 2014, in Japan.

Like in Castlevania, the player controls vampire hunter Simon Belmont, who ventures into Dracula's castle armed with a mystical whip inherited from his father, in order to slay the evil count.

Gameplay
While Vampire Killer shares the same premise, soundtrack, characters and locations as the original Castlevania, the structure of the game and its play mechanics differ significantly from its NES counterpart. Like Castlevania, Vampire Killer consists of 18 stages, with a boss encounter at the end of every third stage. But in contrast to the linear level designs in Castlevania, Vampire Killer features more labyrinth-like stages, requiring the player to seek out the exit to the next stage and find the skeleton key required to unlock it. Due to the hardware limitations of the MSX2, Vampire Killer uses flip screens instead of scrolling. The game can be played with a keyboard or a game controller.

Items and weapons can be obtained by breaking through candle stands and certain walls like in the NES version, and by purchasing them from merchants hidden throughout the castle or by unlocking treasure chests using keys. Simon's default whip can be replaced with one of four weapons: a chain whip, throwing daggers, a battle ax, and a battle cross - the latter two function both like a boomerang and must be retrieved on their return path if the player wishes to preserve them.

There are four items that Simon can carry with him similar to the sub-weapons in the NES version: a map which shows his current position and the location of the exit (can only be used three times), holy water, an hourglass (which temporarily paralyzes all enemies) and one of two types of shields. Heart points are used as ammunition for the holy water and hourglass and as currency for merchants.

There are other items that provide passive effects such as increasing or decreasing Simon's intelligence (which affects the prices of items sold by merchants), temporary invulnerability, increased speed, higher jumps, and health recovery. After defeating a boss, Simon will start the next stage without any of his previously accumulated equipment, aside from the number of hearts and the map.

The player starts the game with three lives and with no way to gain extra lives. There are no continues, unless the game is played with the Game Master cartridge in the second slot. Playing with the Game Master enables the option to select the stage and the number of lives to start with, as well as the ability to skip screens.

Reception
Time Extension placed Vampire Killer fourth last on its list of ranked Castlevania games. It was described that it "is a rather unusual attempt to expand the original game in new and interesting ways, and proves that right from the beginning, Konami was clearly aware that Castlevania was a franchise which could easily evolve beyond its action-platforming origins. The problem is that this attempt to create a sort of action-RPG hybrid is badly undone by its non-linear structure (which involves searching looping levels in order to find keys) and the MSX2's infamous inability to handle smooth scrolling – screens 'flip' from one to the other when you reach the edge of a room. It's an interesting historical footnote, but beyond that, Vampire Killer isn't worth the eye-watering price the original version now changes hands for."

Legacy
Released the same year as the linear Castlevania, Vampire Killer is credited with laying a foundation for the more open-ended metroidvania format of later entries in the Castlevania franchise.

title: Vampire Killer


text: User:TrbleClef/Sandbox

title: User:TrbleClef/Sandbox


text:
Neoplan Transliner (North America)

The Neoplan Transliner was a series of related public transport single-decker bus models introduced by Neoplan USA in 1981 and produced until the company declared bankruptcy in 2006. It was available in various lengths ranging from 26 ft to 60 ft articulated (nominal lengths), and was marketed against the Rapid Transit Series, Flxible Metro, Gillig Phantom, New Flyer High Floor, and Orion I.

Models
The Neoplan USA Transliner was available in a wide variety of body styles. Transliner could be ordered in 26', 30', 35', 40', and 60' lengths. Standard (high), completely low, or semi-low (with steps to access the rear section after the rear doors) floors were available.

An unrelated over-the-road coach was marketed by Neoplan GmbH starting in the 1990s for the European market, also named Transliner.

 * Notes

Originally, the Transliner could only be ordered in standard (high) floor form. The low-floor variants were introduced in 1999, with Port Authority of Allegheny County (PAT) being the lead agency for mass-produced examples. The "true low floor" variants (AN440TLF and AN445TLF) were also known as Intraliners, available in 40 and 45 ft nominal lengths and mostly used by airports.

Unique variants included the AN440LF-ETB trolleybuses produced for Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), featuring a third passenger door on the street (driver's) side, the DMA-460LF dual-mode buses for the Silver Line (MBTA) with trolley poles and a diesel engine, the AN440/3 3-axle variant with a dead third axle for Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LACMTA), and the 1 ft shortened AN460RC (aka AN459) built for New Jersey Transit (NJT).

Design

 * Notes

Construction
Self-supporting monocoque steel construction made of seamless square steel tubes, electrically welded. Exterior roof and side wall panels are of double galvanized steel, sealed to the skeleton with a combination of spot welding and gluing. Stainless steel wheelhousings and stepwells.

Seating
Depending on the model and length, seats were offered for up to 37 (AN440LF), 43 (AN440), or 65 passengers (AN460/AN460LF).

Engines
NeoPlan offered a variety of engines, both diesel and CNG fueled. Depending upon the model, Detroit Diesel Series 40, 50, or the 6V92TA; Cummins ISM, C-series, or ISL; or CAT C-9 engines could also be had. Most Transliners featured Allison B400 or B500 "World Transmissions". However, ZF (4HP590) and Voith transmissions were also available on some models.

History
The first transit buses sold by Neoplan USA were based on the Neoplan N 416 buses developed for VöV under the Standard-Linienbus program. Accordingly, the first buses ordered from Neoplan USA were called the Atlantis and internally N-416-xx (with xx designating nominal length in feet); these were purchased by Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA, 50× 40-foot models) and Milwaukee County Transit System (MCTS, 26× 40-foot and 18× 35-foot models) and delivered in 1981 and 1982.

Neoplan USA was also offering the "Advanced Design" N412 bus to compete with the GM Rapid Transit Series and Flxible Metro. By 1982, these buses had been given the name "Transliner" and the model numbers had been established as the AN435 and AN440 (for American Neoplan, Model 4, 35 or 40-foot lengths, respectively). Significant early Transliner sales included 1,000 buses to 16 transit agencies in the state of Pennsylvania, coordinated by PennDOT in 1982, which was the largest single bus contract in the U.S. to date, 50 articulated buses to MARTA, 76 buses to Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) in 1983, 60 buses to AC Transit, and 415 buses to LACMTA, then operating as the Southern California Rapid Transit District (SCRTD), in 1984 to support crowds expected for the 1984 Summer Olympics.

Pennsylvania won a commitment from Neoplan USA to build an assembly plant in the state as a condition to fulfill the order; Neoplan USA announced its intent to add a Pennsylvania factory in 1982 and revealed a scale model of the site chosen in Honey Brook in 1984, but assembled all of the Pennliners in Lamar due to the delivery deadlines. The first bus completed for PAT, #3500, has been preserved by the Antique Motor Coach Association of Pennsylvania since March 2000. Although the Honey Brook site assembled buses briefly in 1986, it would later become the headquarters of Neopart, Neoplan USA's part distribution operation. A third Neoplan USA factory operated for approximately a year from June 2001 to June 2002 in Brownsville, Texas.

Issues
Joseph Alexander, a member of the WMATA board, criticized the 1983 contract award to Neoplan USA; Alexander was also serving as the president of the American Public Transportation Association (APTA), which had received negative feedback from MCTS. One MCTS official called Neoplan USA "totally disorganized" and lacking quality control. Cracks were discovered in the frames of WMATA and SCRTD buses in 1984, and those agencies suspended service with their Neoplan USA buses in 1985, just ahead of a nationwide voluntary recall in March. That recall was also driven by a December 1984 incident where a faulty defroster on a WMATA bus led to an electrical fire and subsequent evacuation.

The PennDOT buses, nicknamed "Pennliners", also were prone to premature corrosion, as experienced by the Port Authority of Allegheny County (PAT). Extensive corrosion issues led to a $1.7 million settlement between Neoplan USA and PAT in 1990.

Another PAT order for low-floor AN440LF buses, which were delivered starting in August 1999, were pulled from service by September 2000 for frame cracks. During federally mandated STURAA testing in 1994–95, a prototype AN440LF experienced extensive frame and suspension cracking. Neoplan USA entered an agreement to pay for all frame repairs to the low-floor models. Multiple AN440LF buses delivered to the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority in 2005 were damaged by the same pothole; traveling over the pothole cracked the torque rods connecting the suspension and steering, and two crashes occurred as a direct consequence of steering issues. Additional cracks in suspension components were discovered in 2006 and 2007.

Deployment
The 40-foot buses were made for over 50 transportation networks all over the United States. The bus networks that have or have had them in service include MBTA in Boston, SEPTA in Philadelphia, WMATA in Washington, D.C., ABQ RIDE in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and LACMTA in Los Angeles.

Pennsylvania
In late 1983 through 1985, Neoplan USA delivered the order for over 1,000 "Pennliner" buses for the Pennsylvania. The 1982 contract was a pooled purchase from 16 different transit agencies, with the majority going to SEPTA in Philadelphia (450) and Port Authority of Allegheny County (PAT) in Pittsburgh (410).

Philadelphia
By 1989, SEPTA, the largest transportation network in Pennsylvania, had purchased a cumulative total of 1,092 Neoplan AN435 and AN440 buses. As they aged, they were replaced by American Ikarus and New Flyer Low Floor buses that entered service between 1996 and 2005. The remaining 35 Neoplan AN440s (EZ models) were sent to the SEPTA Frankford Depot to temporarily replace the 1979 AM General Trolleybuses that were retired in 2004; the AN440s in turn were retired on June 20, 2008, after the final delivery of the replacement New Flyer E40LFR trolleybuses.

SEPTA also ordered 155 Neoplan AN460s from 1998–2000 to replace their aging Volvo B10M articulated buses and about 60 AN460 high floor buses were in service until 2017, when they were replaced by Novabus LFS Artic articulated buses.

Pittsburgh
PAT received its first Pennliners in October 1982; the agency later ordered AN460s (articulated) and AN440LFs (low-floor) versions from Neoplan USA.

PAT retired its last two Neoplan buses (AN460s) in December 2019 by providing free rides around downtown Pittsburgh for one weekend.

Washington, D.C.
In the 1980s, both PAT and WMATA, also known as Metro, discovered frame cracking issues with their Neoplan USA buses. However, they both later operated additional Neoplan buses, with WMATA ordering the AN460, a 60-foot articulated version.

San Francisco
AN440 and AN460 models were ordered by the San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni) to replace their aging bus fleet and delivered starting in 2001, but they proved troublesome. Among the problems were insufficient, excessively noisy cooling fans (sounds reached up to 90 dB), faulty transmissions, maintenance intensive brake systems (requiring service every 5000 mi), and cracking frames. The problems were compounded when Neoplan eventually refused to fix the problems, instead choosing to repossess the remaining spare parts and abruptly abandon its San Francisco overhaul yard in September 2005.

The Muni Neoplan USA buses are unique in that they have rear windows, with the air conditioning unit mounted on the roof.

St. Louis
Bi-State Development Agency, dba Metro, has a small fleet of Neoplan Buses for its MetroBus service, and since March 30, 2009, has retired them.

title: Neoplan Transliner (North America)


text:
Marlag und Milag Nord

Marlag und Milag Nord was a Second World War German prisoner-of-war camp complex for men of the British and Canadian Merchant Navy and Royal Navy. It was located around the village of Westertimke, about 30 km north-east of Bremen, though in some sources the camp's location is given as Tarmstedt, a larger village about 4 km to the west. There were also American merchant seamen detained here as well as some U.S. Navy personnel.

Status of merchant seamen
Of more than 5,000 Allied merchant seamen captured by the Germans during the war, most were held at Marlag-Milag. As civilian non-combatants, according to Section XI, Article 6, of the 1907 Hague Conventions, merchant seamen "...are not made prisoners of war, on condition that they make a formal promise in writing, not to undertake, while hostilities last, any service connected with the operations of the war." The Germans, however, always treated Merchant Navy seamen as POWs (as did the British from 1942). In 1943 the Germans suggested an exchange of equal numbers of Merchant Navy prisoners, but this offer was refused by the First Lord of the Admiralty A. V. Alexander on the grounds it would be more to Germany's benefit, as it would provide them with a large number of men suitable to be used as U-boat crews, of which they were desperately short.

Stalag X-B
Initially, prisoners from the Merchant and Royal Navy were confined in several camps in Northern Germany. In April 1941 they were gathered together at Stalag X-B at Sandbostel and housed in two compounds designated Ilag X-B (Internierungslager, "Internment camp") and Marlag X-B (Marinelager, "Navy camp"). At the instigation of the U.S. and Swiss governments, the International Committee of the Red Cross put pressure on the German government not to keep civilian non-combatants in a POW camp. The Germans complied, selecting what was originally a small Luftwaffe training camp consisting of six barracks and a small airfield at Westertimke. In July 1941 the prisoners of Ilag X-B were set to work dismantling their barrack huts at Sandbostel, then rebuilding them at Westertimke, finally completing the Milag camp in February 1942. Marlag camp was not completed until July 1942.

Marlag and Milag Nord
Marlag, the Royal Navy camp, was divided into two compounds; "O" housed officers and their orderlies, while "M" held petty officers and ratings. The majority of prisoners were British, but there were also small numbers of other Allied nationalities. In late 1942 all the ratings were sent to Stalag VIII-B at Lamsdorf and assigned to Arbeitskommando ("Work details"), and "M" housed only NCOs.

Milag (Marineinterniertenlager, "Marine internment camp"), the Merchant Navy camp, was 300 m to the east of Marlag. This also divided into two separate compounds for officers and men. The area in between contained the guard house, a prison block, fuel bunker, and the camp hospital.

Just outside the gates of Milag was the Kommandantur ("Headquarters") and accommodation for the guards. In between the camps there was a large shower block which was used by men of both camps.

Each camp contained a number of single-story wooden huts; 29 in Marlag and 36 in Milag. Most of them were barracks, while the others contained kitchens, dining rooms, washrooms, guard barracks, storehouses, a post office and other administrative buildings. The barracks were divided into rooms each accommodating 14 to 18 men who slept in two and three-tiered bunks.

The POWs occupied themselves in various ways. There was a camp theatre in Marlag and the POWs performed concerts and plays. Each camp had its own sports field and there was also a library with around 3,000 books. Prisoners ran courses in languages and mathematics, as well as commercial, vocational, economic and scientific subjects. Sports equipment and textbooks were obtained from the Red Cross and YMCA. POWs were allowed to send two letters and four postcards each month. There were no restrictions on the number of letters a POW could receive. Naturally all incoming and outgoing mail was censored. A popular diversion was provided by the "Milag Jockey Club" which held race meetings every Saturday evening. The "horses" were wooden models that raced on a 36 ft track, controlled by dice. The POW bet on the races, and money was raised and donated to the Red Cross.

Under normal conditions the camps had a capacity of 5,300. According to official figures in April 1944 there were 4,268 men held there. Initially the camp was guarded by Naval troops. Later they were replaced by Army reservists.

Other camps
The German Navy also operated a Dulag (Durchgangslager, "Transit camp") in Wilhelmshaven, where newly arrived prisoners were processed before being sent to other camps. After the Allied bombing raids on Wilhelmshaven in February 1942 this facility was moved to Westertimke. The camp Dulag Nord was located between Marlag and Milag.

In September 1943, 630 merchant seamen from India, China, Burma and Aden were moved out of the Milag into a new camp, Milag (Inder) (known as the Inderlager or "Indian Camp") west of Westertimke. To the north and east of the village three smaller camps were also built. The Kommandatur contained the headquarters and administration buildings, while the Stabslager and the Wache contained accommodation for the administrative personnel and the camp guards.

Liberation
At the end of 1944 prisoners evacuated from other camps began to arrive, resulting in overcrowding, and a reduction in food rations. On 4 February 1945 some 3,000 men evacuated from Stalag Luft III arrived at Marlag-Milag. In order to accommodate them the entire population of Marlag "M" were moved into "O".

On 2 April 1945 the Commandant announced that he had received orders to leave the camp with most of his guards, leaving only a small detachment behind to hand over the camp to Allied forces, who were already in Bremen. However that afternoon a detachment of over a hundred SS-Feldgendarmerie entered the camp, mustered over 3,000 men and marched them out, heading east. The next day, at around at 10.00 a.m., the column was strafed by RAF aircraft, and several POWs were killed. Over the next few days the column was attacked from the air several times. Finally the Senior British Naval Officer offered the Germans the POWs parole, in return for being allowed to rest during the day and march at night. The Germans agreed.

On 9 April 1945 the guards at Milag-Marlag moved out and were replaced by older men, presumably local Volkssturm. Meanwhile, the column slowly headed east, finally crossing the River Elbe, north of Hamburg, on 18 April.

On 19 April units of the 15th Panzergrenadier Division positioned tanks and artillery next to the camps. The remaining prisoners responded to the threat of a pitched battle on their doorstep by digging slit trenches. The artillery fired from the positions next to the camps, but fortunately had moved away by the time the British Guards Armoured Division liberated the camps on 27 April 1945.

The next day, 28 April, the column finally arrived at Lübeck on the Baltic coast. They were liberated by the British 11th Armoured Division on 1 May 1945.

Post-war use
After the German surrender Marlag-Milag was used by the British occupation authorities to house German prisoners-of-war. Marlag "O" was designated Civil Internment Camp No. 9 and housed high-ranking party officials and suspected war criminals. In 1946 Marlag "M" was used as a location to film Basil Dearden's POW drama The Captive Heart."

Between 1952 and 1961 Milag was used as accommodation centre for female refugees from East Germany. The northern part of Milag was eventually built over with new housing, while the southern half is now heavily wooded.

The Bundeswehr took over the site of Marlag, and from March 1963 as the Timke-Kaserne ("Timke Barracks") it was the headquarters of the Flugabwehrraketenbataillon 31 ("31st Anti-aircraft Missile Battalion") of the 4th Luftwaffe Division, operating the MIM-23 Hawk surface-to-air missile. They finally left the site in 1993, since when it has been redeveloped as a business park.

Escapes
Several escape tunnels were dug from Milag. The first was about 12 m long, built from March to August 1943. Twelve prisoners escaped, though all were recaptured within two weeks. A second tunnel, about 40 m long, was built from April to August 1944. Five men escaped, but again were soon recaptured. Another tunnel built by Norwegian prisoners was discovered before its completion. In addition, another tunnel was dug to store contraband.

Two officers; Lieutenant Denis Kelleher RNVR, and Lieutenant Stewart Campbell, FAA, escaped from Marlag in early 1944, wearing blue overalls to cover their uniforms, and managed to reach Britain within 22 days, having been smuggled to neutral Sweden on a ship from Bremen.

Another successful escaper from Marlag was Lieutenant David James, RNVR. In December 1943 James slipped out of the shower block, but was arrested at the port of Lübeck. In late 1944 he escaped again and this time made it to Sweden.

Notable prisoners

 * Lieutenant David Hunter RM, captured at Calais in May 1940, he twice escaped from Marlag X-B at Sandbostel, and ended the war at Colditz.
 * Lieutenant Ivan Ewart RNVR, captured in January 1942 after his MTB was sunk off Boulogne. After two escape attempts from Milag-Marlag, he was transferred to Colditz.
 * Captain Micky Burn, No. 2 Commando, captured in March 1942 after the St Nazaire Raid.
 * Able Seaman Bjørn Egge, later a major general of the Norwegian Army, captured in April 1942 after an attempt by Norwegian merchant vessels at Gothenburg, Sweden, to reach Britain. ("Operation Performance").
 * Lieutenants Donald Cameron RNR, and Godfrey Place RN, commanders of the X class submarines X-6 and X-7, captured in September 1943 after the attack on the Tirpitz.
 * Lieutenant John Worsley RN, captured in November 1943 during a landing on Lussinpiccolo. Also an official war artist, Worsley painted several portraits of his fellow POW, and made sketches of the camp, as well as creating "Albert R.N." a life-sized dummy, that ensured that any escaper would not be missed in the daily head-counts.
 * Captain Peter J. Ortiz USMC, serving with the OSS, he was captured in France in August 1944.
 * 2nd Lieutenant Walter W. Taylor USMCR, another member of the OSS, also captured in France in August 1944.
 * SS-Hauptsturmführer Alexander Piorkowski, Commandant of Dachau concentration camp, 1939-42, held by the British in 1945.
 * Victor George Marks, 1941-1945, Engineer on the Triadic, captured December 1940 off Nauru. Captained Australia in a series of cricket "tests" held at the camp.
 * Pat Landy, ML306, Royal Australian Navy.
 * Leslie McDermott-Brown (1925-1993), a merchant marine cadet, was the UK's youngest POW in 1940, captured age 15 after his ship the SS Kemmendine, which had sailed from the Clyde, was sunk by the German surface raider The Atlantis in the Bay of Biscay. Leslie spent the next five years in captivity in Germany, aged 15-20, finally being liberated from Milag Nord in 1945. Despite this set-back in life, Leslie went on to be a managing director of hotel company in Plymouth Devon during the 1950s to 1980s and is survived by his three sons.

title: Marlag und Milag Nord


text:
Maggie Grace

Margaret Grace Denig (born September 21, 1983) is an American actress. She is known for playing Shannon Rutherford on the ABC television series Lost (2004–2006; 2010), Kim Mills in the Taken trilogy (2008–2014), Irina in The Twilight Saga (2011–2012), and Althea Szewczyk-Przygocki in Fear the Walking Dead (2018–2021).

Grace earned a Young Artist Award nomination in 2002 with her portrayal of 15-year-old murder victim Martha Moxley in the television movie Murder in Greenwich. In 2004, she was cast as Shannon Rutherford in the television series Lost, on which she was a main cast member for the first two seasons, winning a Screen Actors Guild Award shared with the ensemble cast. Leaving the series, Grace was keen to work more prominently in film. She appeared in The Jane Austen Book Club (2007), and opposite Liam Neeson as Kim Mills in Taken in 2008. She reprised the role of Kim in Taken 2 (2012) and Taken 3 (2014).

She played the lead role, Alice, in Malice in Wonderland, a modern take on Lewis Carroll's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Grace reprised the role of Shannon in two more episodes of Lost, including the series finale. In 2013, she appeared in the sixth season of Californication. She portrayed Faith, a groupie and a muse to the stars, who captures the eye of Hank Moody, played by David Duchovny. She joined the cast of the series Fear the Walking Dead in 2018 as a journalist named Althea.

Early life
Margaret Grace Denig was born in Worthington, Ohio, to Valinn (née Everett) and Fred Denig, who ran a family jewelry business. She attended Worthington Christian Schools from kindergarten through ninth grade and briefly attended Thomas Worthington High School, where she began acting in school plays and community theater, including a 2000 Gallery Players production of The Crucible, at a local Jewish Community Center. As a child, Grace was a voracious reader and a self-described "Shakespeare nerd" telling the Los Angeles Times that at age 13, she "was really into Jane Austen, kind of like how some kids are into Star Trek".

Career
Grace acquired an agent within a week of relocating to Los Angeles and enrolled in acting classes. She landed her first role in Rachel's Room, a 2001 web-based video series about the affairs inside a teenage girl's bedroom that was created by Dawson's Creek executive producer Paul Stupin. Her next role was on the 2002 television series Septuplets, which was cancelled before the first episode had aired. Her breakout role was on 2002's television movie Murder in Greenwich, based on the true story of 15-year-old Martha Moxley's murder. She was nominated for a Young Artist Award for her portrayal of Moxley in the Best Performance in a TV Movie, Miniseries or Special – Leading Young Actress category, but lost to Clara Bryant for Tru Confessions. She went on to feature in minor roles on the television series CSI: Miami, The Lyon's Den, Miracles, Like Family, Cold Case and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, and the films Twelve Mile Road and Creature Unknown.

In mid-2004, Grace's agent sent her the script for the pilot episode of Lost; she was given the role of Shannon Rutherford after a successful audition. She was nominated in 2005 for a Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Breakout Performance – Female for her role on Lost, but lost to Desperate Housewives' Eva Longoria. She lived in Hawaii during the filming of the show's first season, and signed on to star opposite Tom Welling in The Fog, a 2005 remake of the 1980 horror film of the same name, as a character originally played by Jamie Lee Curtis. Though the filming of Lost was supposed to have ended before The Fog began, the productions coincided due to Lost's extended season finale and Grace flew between the two sets, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu and on Bowen Island in British Columbia.

After ranking at #27 on Maxims Hot 100 list of 2005, she returned for Losts second season. Her character was killed in the season's eighth episode, "Collision", when the series' writers began to feel that the character's "story avenues [were] limited". Executive producer Carlton Cuse said that Grace's departure from the show was "sort of a win-win" as she was eager to enter a full-time career in film. After leaving the series, she nevertheless joined the other principal Lost cast members of season 2 onstage at the 12th Screen Actors Guild Awards where Lost won the award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series.

Variety reported in May 2005 that Grace was in negotiations to play X-Men character Kitty Pryde in the 2006 film X-Men: The Last Stand, but in July, auditions were reportedly being held for her replacement. The role ultimately went to Elliot Page, and Grace later revealed that she had never been contacted about the role and was surprised to read that she was up for the part in question. Grace's next role was in the 2007 independent film Suburban Girl, alongside Sarah Michelle Gellar and Alec Baldwin. In 2007, she starred in The Jane Austen Book Club, based on Karen Joy Fowler's novel of the same name. She is a fan of Jane Austen and had read Fowler's novel when it was released in 2004. When she was given the film's script, she met with the director Robin Swicord, with whom she says she "geeked out", and was given the role of Allegra, an openly lesbian 20-year-old.

After the filming of The Jane Austen Book Club was completed, Grace briefly returned to Hawaii to shoot a guest spot on the Lost season 3 episode "Exposé". She starred in the 2008 thriller film Taken with Liam Neeson, who was at the top of a list of male actors Grace wished to work with that she had written just two months before she was cast. She played the lead in Simon Fellows' 2009 Malice in Wonderland, a modern adaptation of Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. In 2010, Grace starred in the drama Flying Lessons, and appeared opposite Tom Cruise and Cameron Diaz in James Mangold's film Knight and Day, as well as in Faster, with Dwayne Johnson. Grace's busy schedule prevented her from returning as Shannon in "LA X", the season premiere for Lost's sixth and final season, but she did return for the series finale "The End". In September 2010, it was revealed that Grace was chosen to play Irina in The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1 and 2.

In December 2012, it was announced Grace would be making her Broadway debut in Picnic. The play opened for previews on December 14, running at the American Airlines Theatre. Sebastian Stan co-stars with Grace in the Pulitzer Prize winning play.

She also made her first appearance as a guest star in the Showtime Series Californication in January 2013, in which she plays a groupie and muse to the rock and roll world as well as the personal interest of Hank Moody, starring David Duchovny.

In 2018, she joined the cast of Fear the Walking Dead as Althea, a journalist.

Other projects
Grace has been on the covers of many international fashion magazines, including Saturday Night, Femme Fatales, Vanidades, 7x7 and Organic Spa Magazine; Canada's Glow and Viva; UK's CosmoGirl; Brazil's Caras; France's Télé 7 Jours; Singapore's Solitaire and Russia's Cosmopolitan Beauty.

Personal life
While still working on Lost, Grace and Ian Somerhalder adopted a feral cat named Roo which they found "literally dying" in the jungle on the set. She said that the cat is now her "travel buddy." In February 2017, Grace became engaged to Brent Bushnell, the CEO of an entertainment company. They were married on May 28, 2017. The couple's first child, a son, was born in 2020.

Grace often credits her mother as her source of inspiration. When asked about her closest friend, she said that she and her mother were more like sisters and that she is "lucky to have an exceptionally cool mom." She is a self-proclaimed Anglophile; having written to a pen pal in the Lake District from the age of eight, and admiring a number of English poets, including William Shakespeare; she first visited England when she was thirteen. She calls herself very clumsy, claiming to "trip over my legs all the time," and was jokingly nicknamed "Maggie Graceless" by one of her former cast-mates.

title: Maggie Grace


text:
Going Upriver

Going Upriver: The Long War of John Kerry is a documentary film on U.S. Senator John Kerry's military service during the Vietnam War and his subsequent participation in the peace movement. There is significant emphasis on Kerry's famous speech before a Senate committee, historical footage from the Winter Soldier Investigations, and coverage of the Dewey Canyon III anti-war demonstrations in Washington, D.C. The majority of the film is composed of archival footage, with much of it in the original black-and-white format.

From the producer's website: This is a feature length documentary about character and moral leadership during a time of national crisis. Loosely based on the bestselling book Tour of Duty by Douglas Brinkley, Going Upriver examines the story of John Kerry and the key events that made him a national figure and the man he is today.

Going Upriver director George Butler (best known for his highly acclaimed films Pumping Iron, featuring Arnold Schwarzenegger and The Endurance: Shackleton's Legendary Antarctic Expedition) first realized Kerry’s importance to his generation and began documenting his journey in photographs in 1969, covering Kerry's leadership of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW), his early political campaigns, as well as intimate moments of his personal life. The film weaves together Butler’s extraordinary photographs with archival film, interviews with Kerry’s closest associates, and more contemporary images of the Senator at home and abroad. Going Upriver is the culmination of a forty-year friendship between Kerry and George Butler. They first met in 1964 while Butler was a reporter and photographer, and published a book together (The New Soldier, about Vietnam veterans and the anti-war Movement) in 1971. Butler has documented Kerry's political career with thousands of photographs, and Kerry is godfather to one of Butler's sons. Butler builds a portrait of Kerry through conversations with the men who served with him, people who went to college with him, and relatives. He narrows the story to Vietnam, and uses vintage footage to show the duty to which Kerry asked to be transferred. The recollections from his shipmates, and shots of battle and battle damage on his and other swift boats, underscores the nature of the duty and Kerry's performance of it.

The video of his TV appearances and congressional testimony when he got back provides the context to Kerry's change of heart on the war and his determination to see to it that his comrades stopped dying over there. Considerable attention is paid to the lesser known activities and details behind some of that era's most tumultuous events, such as the occupying of the Washington Mall despite court injunctions and the two marches to the Arlington National Cemetery. Descriptive narrative often gives way to the more powerful messages conveyed by the expressions and actions of participants caught on film at these events. Some of the footage shot in Vietnam could be considered mildly graphic.

Going Upriver was first pre-released at the Toronto International Film Festival under the "Real to Reel" documentary category on September 9 through September 18, 2004.

Cast
Credited Cast - Partial Listing:
 * Douglas Brinkley........ Himself - Official Kerry Biographer
 * Max Cleland.............. Himself - Former Democratic Senator (Georgia)
 * Bestor Cram.............. Himself - VVAW Anti-War Activist, Vietnam Veteran (as Bester Cram)
 * Richard Holbrooke...... Himself - Former US Ambassador to the UN
 * John Kerry................. Himself (archive footage)
 * Joe Klein................... Himself - Writer
 * Lenny Rotman............ Himself - VVAW Anti-War Activist, Vietnam Veteran
 * Wade Sanders........... Himself - Fellow Swift Boat Skipper, Vietnam Veteran
 * Neil Sheehan............. Himself - Author, Historian
 * David Thorne.............. Himself - Childhood Friend, Yale Classmate, Vietnam Veteran
 * Thomas Oliphant........ Himself - Boston Globe reporter who covered the veterans' protest

Reception
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 89% based on 85 reviews, and an average rating of 7.23/10. The website's critical consensus states that the film contains "Interesting and revealing footage of both Kerry and the Vietnam era in general." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 70 out of 100, based on 31 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

title: Going Upriver


text:
Detroit Diesel Series 50

The Detroit Diesel Series 50 is an inline four-cylinder diesel engine, that was introduced in 1993 by Detroit Diesel. The Series 50 was developed from the existing block of its sister engine, the Series 60, which itself was initially designed by Detroit Diesel. The cylinder heads were cast by John Deere at one time.

History
The Series 50 engine is used as a major bus engine in North America, especially from buses built in the mid to late 1990s and early 2000s. The power plant was offered for several applications: trucks, buses, motor homes, construction and industrial equipment, and military vehicles. It is unusual to find an inline four-cylinder engine propelling heavy duty buses, which traditionally use inline six, V-6 or V-8 diesel engines.

In 2000, in order to better respond to more stringent EPA emissions standards, Detroit Diesel announced revisions of the Series 50 for diesel applications. The changes included the addition of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system, and a variable geometry turbocharger system to improve torque.

In September 2004, Detroit Diesel ceased production of the Series 50 heavy duty diesel engine for on highway applications due to emissions standards. It is still available for off-road applications. A replacement was scheduled to take place in 2007, then was pushed back until 2009. According to Detroit Diesel, Series 50 engines will no longer be produced for non-Daimler AG trucks or buses beginning in 2010.

Alternative fuels
In addition to being powered by diesel fuel, the engine can also use alternative fuels such as compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquified natural gas (LNG) under the Series 50G label. Several thousand Series 50 propelled buses are now on the streets of major cities such as New York City and Los Angeles.

Features

 * Power ratings ranging from 250 to 350 hp
 * Supports the DDEC III and DDEC IV
 * Since 2001 the engines included an EGR device.
 * Twin balance shafts
 * Single over head camshaft design
 * Electronic Unit Injection

Popular horsepower ratings

 * 725 ft.lbf @ 1200 rpm, 250 hp govern at 2100 rpm
 * 890 ft.lbf @ 1200 rpm, 275 hp govern at 2100 rpm
 * 1150 ft.lbf @ 1200 rpm, 320 hp govern at 2100 rpm

Competing power plants

 * Caterpillar 3208
 * Caterpillar C9
 * Cummins 6CTA / Westport 8.3-L
 * Cummins L10 / ISL
 * Cummins M11 / ISM
 * Detroit Diesel 6V92
 * International DT466
 * Perkins 1104C 4.4-L

title: Detroit Diesel Series 50


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tony Guerra

Tony Guerra
Vanity page. --Kbh3rd 04:53, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Speedy delete - Notable? Encyclopedic? Don't waste votes--Jondel 05:04, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - Agreed, vanity. -- Scott Burley 05:29, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * Sadly, I don't think vanity articles qualify as speedies. Not that there's any meat to this one, but I could get spanked if I deleted it. So I'll vote delete instead. -- Hadal 06:36, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Exactly why we need either managed deletion or a change to the speedy delete policy.  --Kbh3rd 16:32, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - vanity -- Chris 73 Talk 07:23, Oct 1, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - young person vanity. --Ianb 07:30, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. --*drew 07:37, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete --Jll 15:39, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity.   — Gwalla | Talk 17:34, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Dsmdgold 22:01, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity. One of the better vanity articles I've seen lately, though. It as a certain panache. Or do I just mean ache? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 00:44, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text: User talk:165.247.214.169

title: User talk:165.247.214.169


text: User talk:24.44.23.111

title: User talk:24.44.23.111


text:
User:Eljen~enwiki

Eljen
New user still getting adjusted to Wiki universe.

--Eljen 05:00, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User:Eljen~enwiki


text:
Quebec Citadelles

The Quebec Citadelles (French: Citadelles de Québec) were a Minor ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. They played in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada at the Colisée Pepsi. The name refers to the Citadelle of Quebec, a landmark fortification in that city since the late 17th century.

The Citadelles were a minor-league feeder team that developed players for the NHL's Montreal Canadiens organization. This AHL team was established in 1999 to much fanfare, and played with good fan support (and some success) for three seasons, before being relocated and merged into the Hamilton Bulldogs.

History
One of the team's most striking features was its choice of a mascot and emblem. The team's sweaters were emblazoned with an iconically depicted goat's head, representing the goat mascot of the Royal 22e Régiment (The Van Doos) stationed in the Citadel of Quebec. By tradition, this goat is always named 'Batisse'. The regiment's goat is a descendant of one presented to the unit by Queen Elizabeth II in 1955 (which, in turn, was the descendant of a goat given to Queen Victoria from the Shah of Iran in 1844).

 * The franchise was previously known as: Fredericton Canadiens (1990–1999).
 * The market was previously served by: Quebec Rafales of the IHL (1996–1998).
 * The market is currently served by: Quebec Remparts of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (1997–present).
 * The franchise was merged with the: Hamilton Bulldogs (co-owned with the Edmonton Oilers organization in 2002, and wholly operated by the Montreal Canadiens from 2003–2015).

AHL team records

 * Goals: 32 🇨🇦 Eric Landry (2001–02)
 * Assists: 55 🇺🇸 Craig Darby (2001–02)
 * Points: 75 Eric Landry (2001–02)
 * Penalty minutes: 231 🇨🇦 Dave Morissette (1999–00)
 * GAA: 2.37 🇨🇦 Dan Murphy (1999–00)
 * SV%: .924 Dan Murphy (1999–00)
 * Career goals: 66 🇨🇦 Pierre Sevigny
 * Career assists: 97 Pierre Sevigny
 * Career points: 163 Pierre Sevigny
 * Career penalty minutes: 380 🇨🇦 Jonathan Delisle
 * Career goaltending wins: 53 🇨🇦 Mathieu Garon
 * Career shutouts: 5 Mathieu Garon
 * Career games: 218 Pierre Sevigny

Affiliates
 * Montreal Canadiens (1999-2002)

Notable Citadelles

 * Carl Fleury
 * Ron Hainsey
 * Andrei Markov
 * Stephane Robidas

Other teams with the same name
An early incarnation of the team played in the Quebec Junior Hockey League during the 1920s through the 1960s, developing such notable players as Jean Beliveau, Camille Henry, and Jacques Plante. It was also notable for having the first two Newfoundland trained players to play Major Junior hockey.

title: Quebec Citadelles


text:
Super 8

Super 8 or Super Eight may refer to:

Film

 * Super 8 film, a motion picture film format released in 1965
 * Super 8 film camera, a motion picture camera used to film Super 8mm motion picture format
 * Super 8 (2011 film), a science-fiction film written and directed by J. J. Abrams
 * Super 8 Stories, a 2001 documentary film

Sport

 * Rugby League Super 8s, Great Britain
 * Super 8 (cricket round), at the Cricket World Cup
 * Super Eight (baseball), high school tournament hosted by Campanelli Stadium in Massachusetts, United States
 * Super 8 (hockey), high school ice hockey tournament, Massachusetts, United States
 * Super 8 Boxing Tournament, New Zealand
 * Super 8 (Handball League), England
 * All-Ireland Super 8s, Gaelic football

Music

 * Super Eight (group), Japanese pop group, previously known as Kanjani Eight.
 * Super 8 (album), 1999 album by Züri West
 * super8 (musical group), Danish music group
 * Super8, a DJ of the duo Super8 & Tab
 * Super 8 (band), an American rock band from Los Angeles, California active from 1993 to 1997.
 * Super 8, a song by Swedish singer Little Jinder.

Technology

 * Zilog Z8, the Zilog Super-8 family microcontroller architecture

Other

 * "Super 8" (The Killing), television series episode
 * Super 8 (video game accessory), a 1995-era adaptor for playing NES games on Nintendo SNES systems
 * Super 8 (hotel), also named Super 8 Worldwide
 * Super 8 schools, association of boys' schools in the central North Island of New Zealand

title: Super 8


text:
User:Elgin~enwiki

Elgin's User Page --Elgin 05:06, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User:Elgin~enwiki


text:
Eagles (album)

Eagles is the debut studio album by American rock band the Eagles. The album was recorded at London's Olympic Studios with producer Glyn Johns and released on June 1, 1972. It was an immediate success for the then-new band, reaching No. 22 on the Billboard 200 and achieving a platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Three singles were released from the album, each reaching the Top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100: "Take It Easy" (number 12), "Witchy Woman" (number 9), and "Peaceful Easy Feeling" (number 22). The band, starting with this album, played a major role in popularizing the country rock sound.

The album was ranked number 368 in the 2012 edition of Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time", and at number 207 in the 2020 reboot of the list. The single "Take It Easy" is part of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".

Background
In 1971, the band had just been formed and signed by David Geffen, who then sent them to Aspen, Colorado, to develop as a band. For their first album, Glenn Frey wanted Glyn Johns to be the producer as they liked a number of rock albums engineered by Johns, including albums by the Rolling Stones, the Who, and Led Zeppelin. Johns was invited by Geffen to see the band perform at a club called Tulagi in Boulder, Colorado, in December 1971. Johns, however, was not impressed by the band's live performance, thinking that it sounded confused and lacking in cohesion - Frey wanted it to be a rock & roll band while Bernie Leadon wanted a country feel—so Johns declined to produce the album.

Johns was persuaded by Geffen to have a second listen in a rehearsal setting in Los Angeles, but Johns did not change his opinion of the band until all four started singing harmonies with acoustic guitar on a ballad written by Meisner, "Take the Devil". Johns was impressed by their harmony singing, and later said: "There it was, the sound. Extraordinary blend of voices, wonderful harmony sound, just stunning." In the albums he produced for the Eagles, Johns emphasized the vocal blend of the band, and he has been credited with shaping the band into "the country-rock band with those high-flyin' harmonies."

Recording
The band went to London, where they spent two weeks recording the album at the Olympic Studios. The album cost $125,000 to produce. Johns tried to introduce a more acoustic sound in the recording, and concentrated on the vocal blend and arrangements. There were however frequent disagreements over the sound of the band between the producer and Frey and Don Henley during the making of the album. Frey and Henley wanted a rougher rock and roll sound, while Johns was interested in using Bernie Leadon's banjo and Randy Meisner's bass to create a more country sound. Frey later admitted: "[Johns] was the key to our success in a lot of ways", but added: "We just didn’t want to make another limp-wristed L.A. country-rock record." Johns also instituted a no-drug and no-alcohol rule that Frey, but not Henley, was unhappy about.

Three of the songs recorded in London feature Frey on lead vocals, another three with Meisner and two with Leadon. The chirping sound at the start of the song by Leadon and Meisner, "Earlybird", was taken from a sound effect library. On "Take It Easy", Johns convinced Leadon to play double-time banjo on the song, a touch that Johns felt made the song different.

Originally, Henley co-wrote and sang one song on the album, "Witchy Woman". Later, a further track, "Nightingale", was recorded in Los Angeles after Geffen and manager Elliot Roberts listened to the tape of the album and decided that it needed another song with Henley on lead vocals. Johns had previously recorded a few takes of the song in London, but abandoned it as he felt it did not work. Geffen tried to get the song recorded with another production team, and Johns, angered by the attempt to record "Nightingale" behind his back, then re-recorded the song with the band at Wally Heider's Studio 3 in Hollywood. Even though Johns judged this recording unsatisfactory, it was included in the album.

The album was slated for Quadraphonic release and even given a Quadraphonic catalog number but it was never released in that format.

Artwork
The album artwork was created by album cover artist Gary Burden with photography by Henry Diltz. The album was initially designed as a gatefold album that would further open up into a poster; however Geffen thought it would be confusing, and glued it together so that it would not open, and the gatefold image of the band members at Joshua Tree then became orientated the wrong side up. In the documentary History of the Eagles, Glenn Frey revealed that the band were all on peyote when the gatefold picture of the band members was shot in Joshua Tree National Park.

Critical reception
Reviewing in 1972, Bud Scoppa of Rolling Stone believed the Eagles had "distinguished" country-rock backgrounds, and said the album is "right behind Jackson Browne's record as the best first album this year. And I could be persuaded to remove the word 'first' from that statement". In Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau felt that the band wrote good songs, but he was unsure about the authenticity of their country roots so what they produced was "suave and synthetic-brilliant, but false".

Allmusic's William Ruhlmann, in his retrospective review, sums up the album as balanced in terms of songwriting, but noting that the three hit singles were sung by Frey and Henley, who would later go on to dominate the band. Rolling Stone listed it as number 368 on their 2012 edition of the 500 greatest albums of all time list with the comment that the album "created a new template for laid-back L.A. country-rock style". It rose to number 207 in the 2020 edition of the list. It was included in Robert Dimery's 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.

Ultimate Classic Rock critic Sterling Whitaker rated the non-single album track "Most of Us Are Sad" as being among the Eagles' 10 most underrated songs.

Commercial performance
The album debuted on the US Billboard 200 chart at number 102 in its first week of release, rising at number 22 in its sixth week on the chart. The album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on March 20, 2001 for shipment of 1 million copies in the United States.

Personnel
Eagles
 * Glenn Frey – vocals, guitars, slide guitar
 * Don Henley – vocals, drums, percussion
 * Bernie Leadon – vocals, guitars, banjo, Dobro, mandolin
 * Randy Meisner – vocals, bass guitar

Production
 * Glyn Johns – producer, engineer
 * Gary Burden – art direction, design
 * Henry Diltz – photography

title: Eagles (album)


text:
Po Lam station

Po Lam (Cantonese Yale: Bóulàhm) is the northern terminus MTR station of the. It is located on Mau Yip Road, Po Lam, in the New Territories of Hong Kong, sandwiched by Phases 1 to 3 of Metro City. Built by Maeda Corporation, it opened on 18 August 2002. The name of the station is taken from the nearby Po Lam Road North.

Station layout

Unlike most MTR stations and unique in the, the concourse, gates and platform of Po Lam station are on the same level. Tracks ascend from underground to ground level at the southern end of the station, along King Lam Estate. A park is located on top of the tracks to cover them.

Platforms
There is only one side platform (Platform 1) from which trains depart, in the same direction as they arrive. Trains, as a result, halt on their way from Hang Hau station for another train to depart at the station. Trains also stay here for a shorter period before departing than at other MTR terminals. The single-track design (and the consequent longer train turnback time) limits the maximum train service frequency of the Tseung Kwan O line.

Across from the platform and north of the point where the tracks merge to one, there is a siding that splits from the running line for parking trains. Trains cannot access the platform from the siding, nor can they access the siding from the platform.

Entrances/exits
The main exit is on Mau Yip Road, where five pedestrian footbridges link the station to a public transport interchange, shopping malls and residential buildings. There is direct access to Metro City and The Pinnacle from the concourse. Another footbridge crosses Po Fung Road and leads to Po Lam Estate, Yan Ming Court and Verbena Heights.
 * A1: Metro City Plaza III
 * A2: Metro City Plaza II
 * B1: Metro City Plaza II
 * B2: Metro City Plaza I
 * B3: King Lam Estate
 * C: Mau Yip Road

Future development
The government proposed in the Railway Development Strategy 2014 that East Kowloon line will connect Po Lam and Diamond Hill stations, passing through Po Tat, Sau Mau Ping, Shun Tin and Choi Wan stations. It will serve as an alternative route to reach in case of disruption on the, and is expected to open in 2025.

title: Po Lam station