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Head of the Class

Head of the Class is an American sitcom television series that ran from 1986 to 1991 on the ABC television network.

The series follows a group of gifted students in the Individualized Honors Program (IHP) at the fictional Millard Fillmore High School in Manhattan, and their history teacher Charlie Moore (Howard Hesseman). The program was ostensibly a vehicle for Hesseman, best known for his role as radio DJ Dr. Johnny Fever on the sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati (1978–1982). Hesseman left Head of the Class in 1990 and was replaced by Scottish comedian Billy Connolly as teacher Billy MacGregor for the final season.

The series was created and executive produced by Richard Eustis and Michael Elias. Elias had previously worked as a substitute teacher in New York City while hoping to become an actor.

A revival of the series was ordered and co-produced by Bill Lawrence's Doozer and Warner Horizon Scripted Television. It was released on HBO Max.

Synopsis
Head of the Class is mainly set in the classroom of academically gifted high school students in the Individualized Honors Program (IHP) at Millard Fillmore High School in New York City. The IHP students comprised a diverse range of personalities, ethnicities and academic specialties.

For the first three years of the show, the IHP class had ten students. Arvid Engen (Dan Frischman) was a skinny, bespectacled nerd, mathematics expert, and budding scientist. Arvid's best friend was the overweight, wisecracking cynic Dennis Blunden (Dan Schneider), a computer whiz whose fields were chemistry and physics and who had a knack for getting the socially inept Arvid involved in various schemes. Both characters wanted to go to M.I.T. Alan Pinkard (Tony O'Dell) was an ultra-conservative preppy and egotist; his area of expertise was political science and he was a devout fan of Ronald Reagan. Alan competed for the highest grades in the class with Darlene Merriman (Robin Givens), a spoiled rich girl who was probably even more self-centered than Alan and whose specialties were speech and debate. Both Alan and Darlene held the ambition of being named class valedictorian. Sarah Nevins (Kimberly Russell) did not have any particular area of expertise; she was the most down-to-earth of the IHP class and was once cited as having the lowest G.P.A. Maria Borges (Leslie Bega) was the pretty girl, but intelligent, with some emotional and mental issues but was very passionate about getting A's (going as far as grounding herself in the pilot episode for getting a 'B'), and Jawaharlal Choudhury (Jory Husain aka Joher Coleman) was an exchange student from India whose expertise was natural science. Eleven-year-old Janice Lazarotto (Tannis Vallely), despite her young age, was in high school and the IHP class because of her advanced intellect. Arts student Simone Foster (Khrystyne Haje) was a quiet, sensitive redhead with a particular fondness for poetry. A notable development in the show was the relationship between Simone and Eric Mardian (Brian Robbins), an aspiring writer and, outwardly, the most unlikely member of the IHP. Eric wore black leather, drove a motorcycle, acted tough, and ostensibly disliked anything academic (to Dr. Samuels's delight, he was the only one in the class not on the academic team, although he would never leave the IHP). Eric constantly hit on Simone and the two eventually had an on-again-off-again romance.

There was some turnover in the cast in seasons four and five. Janice left for Harvard, Maria went to Performing Arts High School, and Jawaharlal moved to California with his family. New students included Aristotle McKenzie (De'voreaux White), described by Dennis as "this reject from Do the Right Thing" for his dreadlocks, Viki Amory (Lara Piper), a new-ager interested in quantum physics and skin-revealing clothing, and Alex Torres (Michael DeLorenzo), who had transferred from parochial school with a love for dance and an eye for the ladies (in particular,Simone and Viki). T.J. Jones (Rain Pryor), who had first appeared as a potential IHP member in season three, was eventually added to the program and the cast. Jasper Kwong (Ke Huy Quan) was introduced as a new transfer student late in season four.

Appearing as regulars throughout all five seasons were school administrators Dr. Harold Samuels (William G. Schilling) the principal of Fillmore High and Bernadette Meara (Jeannetta Arnette). Dr. Samuels was portrayed as the blustery, overweight principal of the school. He was ambivalent toward the IHP students. Dr. Samuels distrusted the kids (and had a particularly antagonistic relationship with Dennis, and tried to avoid Eric), but at the same time he was proud of their achievements and valued the prestige they brought to the school. He also distrusted the teaching methods of the class's teacher, Charlie Moore (Howard Hesseman), concerned that Charlie's methods – which often involved helping the IHP students branch out of their comfort zones and help them deal with the typical problems of kids their age, as well as using unorthodox methods of teaching the class subject at hand – might distract them too much from their studies. Ms. Meara was the level-headed assistant principal. There was some romantic tension between her and Charlie, although this ultimately came to nothing, and she later had a romantic friendship with Billy.

In season 5, Mr Moore got his big break in Broadway and decided to quit. Billy MacGregor, from Scotland, replaced Mr Moore. Unlike in the previous seasons, the students are allowed to call their new teacher Billy. The students get to prepare for senior year and the closing of Fillmore High School.

In the series, the students often faced off against the rival Bronx High School of Science. Also, in every season, the IHP students produced the school musical. Musicals staged by the students included Grease, Little Shop of Horrors, and Hair.

Main

 * Howard Hesseman – Charles P. "Charlie" Moore (seasons 1–4). A history and social studies teacher who teaches the honors program to intellectual geniuses and helps them aim for their dreams.
 * William G. Schilling – Harold Samuels. The high school principal similar to a pushy parent who wants his IHP students to win Academic Bowl. He is Mr. Moore's boss, as well as a friend.
 * Jeannetta Arnette – Bernadette Meara. The vice principal of the school who is friends with Charlie.
 * Leslie Bega – Maria Borges (seasons 1–3)
 * Dan Frischman – Arvid Engen
 * Robin Givens – Darlene Merriman
 * Khrystyne Haje – Simone Foster
 * Joher Coleman (credited as Jory Husain) – Jawaharlal Choudhury (seasons 1–3)
 * Tony O'Dell – Alan Pinkard
 * Brian Robbins – Eric Mardian
 * Kimberly Russell – Sarah Nevins
 * Dan Schneider – Dennis Blunden
 * Tannis Vallely – Janice Lazarotto (seasons 1–3; guest, season 5)
 * Rain Pryor – Theola June "T.J." Jones (seasons 3–5)
 * Michael DeLorenzo – Alex Torres (seasons 4–5)
 * Lara Piper – Viki Amory (seasons 4–5)
 * Ke Huy Quan (credited as Jonathan Ke Quan) – Jasper Kwong (seasons 4–5)
 * De'voreaux White – Aristotle McKenzie (seasons 4–5)
 * Billy Connolly – Billy MacGregor (season 5). Billy takes over Mr. Moore's class in season 5. He is from Scotland and, just like Mr. Moore, helps the students aim for their dreams.

Recurring

 * Marcia Christie – Lori Applebaum. A pretty, bubbly student not in the IHP whom Arvid has a massive crush on ... and everyone, including Lori, knows it. Seen in seasons 1 and 2, then reappears in the finale.
 * Peter Vogt – Mr. Dorfman. A Fillmore High teacher who is somewhat self-centered and not especially respected. Appears occasionally in seasons 1-3, and reappears in the series finale.

Most of the students' parents were seen during the series, but usually in one episode apiece. Parents who appeared more than once included:
 * Enid Kent – Maureen Foster (Simone's mother) (three episodes)
 * J. Patrick McNamara – Mr. Foster (Simone's father) (two episodes)
 * Bruce Gray – Dr. Enric Engen (Arvid's father) (two episodes)

Season 1 (1986–1987)
Out-of-work actor Charlie Moore began the first season as a substitute teacher, but warmed to the IHP class immediately, making it his mission to get them to think rather than merely to know. Although they are gifted academically, the IHP students had plenty of problems in their personal lives, and Mr. Moore not only is there to listen, he shows an ability to get the students to solve their own problems while making it seem like they came up with the answers on their own. By Episode 6 ("Teacher's Teacher"), the class's original teacher Mr. Thomas (Roscoe Lee Browne) had returned to Fillmore High, seemingly ready to return to the IHP class once Mr. Moore's tenure ended. After observing Mr. Moore's unorthodox teaching methods for most of the episode (much to Charlie's chagrin, as it also made apparent how much he would miss the IHP students), Mr. Thomas ultimately reveals he had no intention to return but came to observe Mr. Moore after hearing concerns about him from Dr. Samuels. Seeing Mr. Moore in action, Mr. Thomas gives him his blessing, leaving Mr. Moore to become their full-time teacher, knowing the IHP will be in good hands. Throughout the first season, Mr. Moore attempted to get the class involved in more than just their studies, encouraging them to play volleyball and make a music video for the school's time capsule (this marks the first foray into the fondness of Head of the Class for musical production numbers). At the same time, the class brought Mr. Moore into the present, acclimating him to the importance of personal computers. Near the end of the season, the IHP faces their Russian counterparts in an academic tournament, foreshadowing their famous trip to Moscow in season three.

Season 2 (1987–1988)
Season 2 began involving the IHP in the school as a whole, with Mr. Moore involving the class in the school literary journal and encouraging a lampoon of the school newspaper. Mr. Moore also decides to put on a school production of the musical Grease, and encourages the IHP (who are initially reluctant) to participate, alongside other Fillmore students.

While first season had some episodes that showed Charlie's personal life outside school, these become increasingly rare as the series continues. In season 2 (and thereafter), episodes consistently focus on the lives of the IHP students, with only a very few focusing specifically on Charlie; this is the last season in which we see Charlie's apartment.

"Mission to Moscow"
In 1988, Head of the Class broke new ground as it became the first American sitcom to be filmed in the Soviet Union with an episode filmed entirely in Moscow.

The IHP is invited to come to the country for a rematch of the academic meet that happened in season one, which ended in a tie. The class has a lot of experiences while in Moscow: Dennis and Arvid take an interest in two beautiful women, until they realise they might be KGB spies; Eric meets up with his relatives in what is a very positive experience for him; capitalist Alan has an argument with a die-hard socialist in a store (who is also on the opposing Russian academic team); Sarah and Darlene decide to record the sights and sounds of Moscow; Simone goes to put flowers on a poet's grave and meets up with a charming Russian musician; Dr. Samuels believes that his hotel room is bugged, but ends up making a fool of himself; and Charlie has a brief romance with a schoolteacher.

The IHP eventually wins the meet and the respect of the Russian team. The episode concludes with both teams attending a concert in Gorky Park swaying to the song "Far Away Lands" (written and performed by American David Pomeranz and Russian rock star Sasha Malinin).

Season 4 (1989–1990)
The fourth season saw some significant changes to the cast of characters. Maria went to a performing arts school, Jawaharlal moved to California, and Janice went to Harvard as a sophomore. Several new characters took their place: Alex Torres (Michael DeLorenzo) was a Hispanic athletics student whose specialty was history, portrayed as having an eye for the ladies. Although Alex seemed attracted to Darlene particularly, both he and Eric competed for the affection of Simone and another new IHP student, the blonde hippie Viki Amory (Lara Piper). Another new character was aspiring filmmaker Aristotle McKenzie (De'voreaux White). T.J. Jones (Rain Pryor), a recurring character since the third season, joined the IHP in the fourth season (a remedial student with a streetwise attitude, T.J. was found to be smart enough to join the IHP). Also, the character of Jasper Kwong (Ke Huy Quan) was added to the IHP class late in the season. The season also showed them film a two-part episode at the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. The students' final year of high school was split over seasons four and five. Howard Hesseman left the show after the fourth season. As Hesseman noted in a 1989 interview, "We're not doing the show that I was led to believe I'd do, and it's difficult for me to get off that."

Season 5 (1990–1991)
In the first episode of season 5, Scottish teacher Billy MacGregor (Billy Connolly) arrived to replace the departed Charlie Moore (in the first episode of the season, it is explained to the dismayed IHP students that Mr. Moore's acting career finally took off). Despite initial uncertainty and some hostility from the students, Billy proved to be a successful replacement for Charlie. He usually comes into the class bringing his bike. He insisted that the students refer to him by his first name, and although he was more rousing and less laid-back than his predecessor, he proved to be just as wise and caring (Billy also had a habit of boisterously greeting his class every morning with the phrase, "good morning, geniuses", and facetiously barking to his students to, "get out of here", when the bell rang at the end of the class. He also taught his class in a manner more akin to a stand-up comedian than a teacher). Many episodes from this season focused on Billy having to adapt to living in America and his attempts to romance Ms. Meara. Other aspects of Billy were his dislike of an outdated French textbook, which actually prompted one student to take a spur-of-the-moment jaunt to Paris, and his encouragement to the male students that the best way to get girls was to be themselves. The season (and the program itself) concluded with the IHP students graduating from high school. Janice Lazarotto (from seasons one–three) returned for a guest appearance in the finale, in which T.J. is named class valedictorian and the school is closed down and demolished.

Novel tie-in
One major novelization was released, with the plot lines based on six episodes of the show. The book makes all the chapters flow together as one story, even though they didn't happen one right after the other on the show. It was written by Susan Beth Pfeffer and released in December 1989 by Bantam Books. The book is 120 pages long, with six chapters, each based on a different episode.

 * Chapter 1 – "First Day", based on the 1986 episode written by Lisa Rosenthal (otherwise known as the pilot)
 * Chapter 2 – "A Problem Like Maria" is based on the 1986 episode written by Cynthia Thompson
 * Chapter 3 – "Crimes of the Heart" is based on the 1987 episode written by Valri Bromfield
 * Chapter 4 – "Cello Fever" is based on the 1987 episode written by show creators Rich Eustis and Michael Elias
 * Chapter 5 – "Trouble in Perfectville" is based on the 1987 episode written by George Beckerman
 * Chapter 6 – "Parents Day" is based on the 1987 episode written by Ellis Bufton and Scott Glaze

All copyrights belong to Warner Bros. The novelization erroneously credits "First Day" as having been made in 1988 rather than 1986.

Spin-off
A year after Head of the Class left the air, Billy Connolly reprised the role of Billy MacGregor for a short-lived spin-off series, Billy.

Revival
In May 2020, a revival of the series was ordered, co-produced by Bill Lawrence's Doozer and Warner Horizon Scripted Television. The order includes a pilot episode plus five additional scripts and will air on HBO Max. In March 2021, it was announced that a 10-episode first season was officially greenlit. In October 2021, a first look clip was released, with a November 4, 2021 series premiere date attached. In December 2021, the series was canceled after one season.

Casting
In November 2020, it was reported that Isabella Gomez was cast in the lead role as teacher Alicia Adams. Coincidentally, Gomez and Howard Hesseman (who played Charlie Moore in the original series' first four seasons), had both starred on the television series One Day at a Time, with Hesseman starring in the original series' final two seasons as Barbara Cooper's father-in-law Sam Royer, while Gomez starred in the 2017 reboot as Elena Alvarez. It was also announced that Watchmen actress Jolie Hoang-Rappaport will join the cast as student Makayla Washington. In December 2020, it was announced that Little Fires Everywhere actor Gavin Lewis will join the cast as student Luke Burrows. In January 2021, Jorge Diaz, Dior Goodjohn, Brandon Severs, Adrian Matthew Escalona and Christa Miller joined the cast. The October first look revealed that Givens would be reprising her role as Darlene from the original series.

Home media and syndication
Head of the Class has appeared infrequently in syndicated reruns, airing on local stations and then briefly on TBS in September 1993 until November 1993 returning August 1996 until September 1996 weekday mornings, and on Nick at Nite in the early 2000s. Antenna TV began airing the series in January 2018. As of February 2020, the show was streaming on Roku Channel. The show is also streaming on HBO Max, and airs on the linear Rewind TV.

Beginning in 2023, the series began streaming on Warner Bros. Television All Together Now channel.

In 2020, it was announced that season 1 of Head of the Class would be released as a "manufacture on demand" (MOD) DVD by Warner Archive, starting on June 9, 2020. The show had previously not seen any release on home media. The show had multiple musical episodes, thereby making music rights licensing difficult, a common problem when preparing series for home release. Another series, WKRP in Cincinnati (also starring Hesseman), encountered similar issues.

The Season 2 DVD set included season three episodes "Radio Activity" and "I Am the King," because they were originally made during the second season. The Season 3 DVD set not only have "Radio Activity" and "I Am the King" in their release order, it also included season four episodes "Reel Problems" and "Recruitment Day," which were originally made during the third season.

International broadcasts

 * In Canada, the series was simulcast on the Global Television Network throughout its original run. In Atlantic Canada, the series aired on ATV and ASN as there was no Global station in Atlantic Canada at that time.
 * In Australia, the series aired on the Nine Network.
 * In the UK the show aired on BBC One
 * In Ireland the series aired on RTÉ One.
 * In Indonesia, it was aired by RCTI.
 * In Italy, the series under the title Sengi paticolari: genio (Distinguishing features: genius) arrived in 1989 and first season was aired by Telemontecarlo. Then it was aired by Italia 1, from 1992 to 1993.
 * In Mexico, the series aired on Televisa between 1994 and 1996, under the name Mi Profesor Favorito (My Favorite Teacher).
 * In Latin America, the series aired on Warner Channel during mid-late 1990s.
 * In Chile, the series aired on TVN.
 * In New Zealand, the series aired on TVNZ 1.

title: Head of the Class


text:
Category:Anti-submarine weapons

Anti-submarine weapons are the variety of weapons designed for use in anti-submarine warfare. From simple depth charges to modern missile systems, these weapons continue to be advanced to counter enemy submarine threats.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Anti-submarine weapons


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Parallel collage

Parallel collage was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

Non-notable "game" apparently unknown outside of a handful of people. Web hits appear to be Wikipedia mirrors and hits from www.surrealcoconut.com --- According to Alexa, that site is a personal website with a traffic ranking of 4,103,648. SWAdair | Talk 04:31, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Never heard it by this name, but the game's already listed under exquisite corpse unless there's some subtle distinction. 24.131.138.73 04:41, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)\
 * If you'll read the descriptions, the games are barely even similar. In exquisite corpse (the collage version), a number of players sequentially make one collage; in parallel collage as many collages are made as there are players.  --Daniel C. Boyer 19:00, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmm... same main author for both articles. The web has certainly heard of "exquisite corpse" but I'm still not convinced about Parallel collage.  SWAdair | Talk  04:57, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Daniel C. Boyer vanity/promo. Wile E. Heresiarch 05:48, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. --Improv 12:44, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity and promotional. Non-notable. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 01:36, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * How is it "vanity" to have an article on a game that was practiced first at the latest when I was in kindergarten and didn't even know there was such a thing as "surrealism"? Are you going to describe every article about a subject you don't like as "vanity"?  --Daniel C. Boyer 19:00, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, Boyerism. GWO 18:28, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Calling this "Boyerism" (a generally meaningless term that as far as I've seen is almost always misleadingly or actually lyingly employed) is absolute crap. The first example of this I'm aware of is in the catalogue of the 1976 World Surrealist Exhibition, when I didn't even know what surrealism was.  --Daniel C. Boyer 19:00, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: Category:Anti-ship weapons

title: Category:Anti-ship weapons


text:
User:SimpleMan46

I'll get to this eventually I suppose.

title: User:SimpleMan46


text:
User:Dupuy

I joined Wikipedia about eight years ago, when I was looking for some help with the Hebrew alphabet and was blown away by the quality of the Wikipedia entry.

This was part of the work I was doing with the MusicBrainz project: a Creative Commons effort for audio metadata (primarily for music, but also spokenword/audiobook), where I've been active in the internationalization effort and in the local MusicBrainz Wiki.

I'm very interested in these types of open projects for information resources; I expect them to grow dramatically in the coming years, and be very successful.

In the non-gift economy, I'm a network programmer located in Troy, NY; my software hobbies include internationalization.

Other than that, I like all kinds of music from around the world, and I've studied various languages, including Spanish (I lived for three years in Guatemala), French (in high school), Portuguese (currently), German, Japanese, Turkish and Mam Maya. I'm fluent(ish) in the first three, but can only puzzle out bits in the last three.

Most recently, I've been working on bringing up the level of the various articles relating to Mayan languages, as part of the WikiProject Indigenous peoples of North America.

@alex

es:Usuario:Dupuy fr:Utilisateur:Dupuy pt:Usuário:Dupuy

title: User:Dupuy


text:
Talk:Implosion (mechanical process)

by saying an implosion is an explosion from a circular motion. are you infact saying there can be no real implosions in the truer sense. (i also believe this article made little sense)

The vortex motion, which also causes a drop in temperature and an increase in density, is paramount for water to stay healthy and disease free.

Really? removed as nonsense - part of original article. -- Leonard G. 04:33, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Removed some more nonsense:

One of the great researchers of implosion in nature was Viktor Schauberger (1885-1958).

On the Web I can only find pseudoscientific information on Schauberger. --RW 11:36, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

What is this all about? It doesn't make any sense to me (but I'm not an expert in this field!): ''These spherical high explosive charges form a spherical assembly of multiple high explosive charges. When a spherical assembly of multiple high explosive charges is used this is called a segmented design.'' 193.60.63.224 09:17, 26 June 2006 (UTC)

This article needs to be cleaned up or organized. It seems to waver back and forth between building implosions (which probably should be a different article), cavitation and thermonuclear devices. It doesn't seem to distinguish implosions created by greater explosions and implosions caused by a return to equilibrium. It also doesn't mention the most fantastic kind of implosion, the supernova. --kwg06516 13:38, 18 May 2006 (UTC)

Building demolition
In common usage, building implosion is probably more widely used than the nuclear physics definition. If anybody is up to it a Implosion (buildings) article is probably apt. Americasroof 14:53, 2 October 2006 (UTC)

 * In case you haven't noticed I created a implosion disambiguation page.  Americasroof 01:39, 5 October 2006 (UTC)

 * This article currently implies that a building implosion is "erroneously described as an implosion."
 * However, it seems to me that a building implosion meets every point of the definition at the top of the article:
 * "Implosion is a process in which objects are destroyed by collapsing on themselves. ... implosion concentrates matter and energy.
 * A building implosion does exactly that, and so is correctly described as a kind of implosion, right? --68.0.124.33 (talk) 04:39, 1 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I guess the best way to handle this would be to look up a reference and update the article accordingly. —Quibik (talk) 09:52, 1 December 2009 (UTC)

Big Bang implosion before explosion
theory: The accelerating Universal expansion when it will become superluminal it will reach the maximum quantum decoherence, so any more expansion will not be able to be expressed, and all that energy will spontaneously produce huge amounts of energy. Energy becomes mass via the field interactions, and all that mass will collapse and get compressed to the ultimate level or permitted degeneracy, and it will bounce then off and explode. The Universal energic homogeneity exist because: 1. at some point maximum quantum decoherence was met (semi-perfect defaulting), 2. before the system bounces adiabatically the energy has some time to become semi-homogenious. This mechanism isn't perfect so one small percentage of the perceived non-homogeneity is decoherence shadows from previous universes.

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title: Talk:Implosion (mechanical process)


text:
Talk:Ol' Rip the Horned Toad

VfD 2004

 * The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section.

This article was listed on Votes for deletion, and the consensus was keep: see Votes for deletion/Ol' Rip the Horned Toad 04:34, 29 September 2004 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section.

Comments
Man, what a cool story. Imagine if it was featured? On the main page, even? I'd love to see that. Everyking 04:05, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't think there's enough verifiable material to work with. -- Cyrius|✎ 06:41, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I think there is, actually. It seems to have been quite notable in its time; someone willing to do some research could probably write quite a bit. Everyking 12:47, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I won't try to stop you, but I'm not going to pursue it and I don't think you'll have much luck. -- Cyrius|✎ 14:34, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I didn't say I was going to do it. I just said it would be cool. Based on the cursory research I did to find those two dates, it looks like there's a reasonable amount of info available just on the net. Everyking 18:39, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * And what's with you pouring cold water on my enthusiasm, anyway? If someone was to try to build this up to featured status, how could that be anything but good? Ol' Rip is famous; apparently they have local celebrations to mark his anniversary and he's something of a tourist attraction. While alive, he was a celebrity and even met the president. Everyking 18:46, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm a wet blanket, what can I say? -- Cyrius|✎ 20:49, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, damn it, if the legendary Ol' Rip can't get you worked up, I don't think anything can. Everyking 21:05, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Any thoughts on moving this to the present redirect title Ol' Rip? Everyking 04:28, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Ol' Rip & Loony Tunes' Michigan J. Frog.
I do not know if the tie-in is as certain as the folklore; but the Warner Brothers cartoon of the frog, Michigan J. Frog, coming out of the cornerstone and with top hat and cane, singing "Hello my baby" is no doubt related. Other than the association in the minds of many, does anyone have anything more substantial as to the link between that and the Ol' Rip story? -- cregil  (talk)  06:47, 22 September 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ol' Rip the Horned Toad


text:
Talk:Room-temperature superconductor

Blossoming
I can't really see this page blossoming into anything more substantial anytime soon... - Furrykef 04:34, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree: This article may be short, but it's about as comprehensive as it needs to be. I'm removing the stub tag. O. Prytz 21:52, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

Claims for 200 K +
The data on the website superconductors.org are highly spurious and supposed superconducting transitions are willfully misinterpreted. The 'transitions' are almost indistinguishable from the background noise. The fact that the experimenter has never had his work published in a peer-review journal is testament to the fact that these materials are NOT superconducting at the temperature at which he claims. If they were, he would be a very wealthy and/or famous man! References to this work should be regarded as suspect, until these materials have been independenly verified as superconductors. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 137.222.42.51 (talk) 15:25, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Supercondutor.org posts claims, not findings, so there is no dishonesty. It's very clear, at least for me As for peer reviewing, there wasn't simply time to verify them, since the author of the site is told about claims directly from the source. It's akin to collecting pre prints in arxiv.org and telling everyone. So, what he does, is an invitation to peer review. If he were really bold, he would post evidence of superconductivity between 600k(!) and 1200K(!!) of one of his inteviews http://www.superconductors.org/roomnano.htm. Such evidences were actualy peer reviewed and at Physcial Review B http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Review_B, http://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/gzhao2/Daniel de França (talk) 16:48, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

if someone with the proper expertise could be directed to this page...
i am aware of at least one company which has a working prototype of a Room-Temperature Superconductor, however, strangely enough, they have not been able to get much funding. This does not mean such a thing does not exist and will not soon. Most people just don't care about this sort of thing. It doesn't really help much when everyone in the field says "It's not possible and won't be anytime soon." I suppose wikipedia doesn't have a decent article on this because most of those guys are out there desperately trying to find venture capital funds and doing research, and don't have time to waste writing Wikipedia articles. I know, i asked one of them.

Oh, and no, i can't tell you who or how, because the technology has not yet been patented (to avoid the patent expiring before they get a chance to do anything with it). but still...

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.22.243.14 (talk) 23:05, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

 * No Original Research; Wikipedia articles need to be based on things that have been published elsewhere, preferably in a reliable publication. In addition, people with trade secrets probably should not write them into Wikipedia articles, as that will compromise their secret status. Finally, the claim that people just don't care is somewhat contradicted by the High-temperature superconductivity article, which notes over 100,000 published papers on the subject. --Sabik (talk) 14:52, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Please keep us updated if you know anything more about those supposedly room-temperature superconductors or how it went. Did the patents go through? —Kri (talk) 17:58, 14 August 2014 (UTC)

150K
From www.superconductors.org:

InSnBa4Tm4Cu6O18+ (As a 1234/1212 intergrowth.)............~150K

Not sure if that is a serious claim or not, but may supersede the 138K for (Hg0.8Tl0.2)Ba2Ca2Cu3O8.33.

Regards! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.137.138.90 (talk) 04:19, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

153K
Founded in a material physics for engineers (William Jr Callister) : the HgBa2Ca2Cu2O8 has a 153K critical temperature. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.239.88.62 (talk) 01:03, 17 December 2007 (UTC)

Silane as superconductor
Yes, the title of the referenced EEtimes article says "Silicon compound superconducts at room temperature", but the Science article seems to indicate that the measured temperatures where Silane becomes superconducting are between 5 and 20 K for pressures between 50 and 200 GPa. Upon close reading of the EEtimes article, maybe it isn't even claimed that a room-temperature superconductor has been constructed, just that silane still is a candidate for one. Should the section on silane be removed? The original Science article states: Electrical resistance measurements (Fig. 2A) showed that the sample resistance at room temperature dropped sharply, indicating the transformation to a metal (19). On cooling, a typical metallic behavior of the resistance was observed and eventually becoming superconducting (SC) at Tc ≈ 7 K (Fig. 2B). To me, that seems to indicate that it is not a room-temperature superconductor, but a room-temperature metal. —Preceding unsigned comment added by RickardHolmberg (talk • contribs) 07:28, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I read the article; at 96GPa it has a Tc of 17.5K and 17K at 110GPa, and these are both sides of an upwards trend, indicating that the superconducting transition temperature may be higher in the intermediate region, however the authors give NO indication that this temperature could even approach record temperatures of 130+ K let alone room temperature. Its a remarkable experiment, but is not room temperature by more than an order of magnitude. [Signed Andrew Princep, casual reader and physics grad student, Curtin University of Technology, Australia] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.193.222.90 (talk) 09:58, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

Old joke
A team of scientists at the University Of Alaska recently discovered a room-temperature superconductor. 86.21.227.237 (talk) 22:37, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

Wikipedia is not a forum for comedy blah blah blah... I laughed. --86.182.182.138 (talk) 16:30, 17 April 2012 (UTC)

Advanced Materials
Both graphite and water are diamagnets. This may have been misinterpreted to mean superconductivity. There also has been zero conductivity tests performed in the article or published since - only enough to prove diamagnetism, which also exist in superconductors.

Taken from wikipedia article on diamagnetism: ...pyrolytic graphite, which is an unusually strong diamagnetic material...

Unobtanium
Should the room temperature superconductor in the film Avatar get mentioned? I think it should, because the way it was portrayed in the film was certainly unique (the Hallelujah mountains, which float. either the superconductor is in the mountains, and is floating in a magnetic field, or there is magnetic material in the mountains floating above the superconductor) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Matt The Tuba Guy (talk • contribs) 02:56, 22 February 2010 (UTC)

 * There is no mention of unobtainium in avatar being a superconductor that's just speculation. 114.76.213.189 (talk) 12:14, 26 March 2010 (UTC)

In the avatar scripment by James Cameron, he states that Unobtanium is a room temperature superconductor.--Matt The Tuba Guy (talk) 04:53, 22 May 2010 (UTC)

 * In the Special Edition it actually is.... But wait!!!! Why are we talking about a science FICTION movie in a Wikipedia non-fiction science article discussion?? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.77.86.97 (talk) 23:21, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

 * Those "mountains" couldn't exist. They would have eroded away.173.60.95.232 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 06:40, 28 August 2011 (UTC).

Possibly the latter option, Pandora or Polyphemus may well have a *very* intense magnetic field so any magnetic material would float. Think this was covered in "Journey to the Center of the Earth" (2008) back in the day as well. This also explains how a near Earth sized moon has a day/night cycle as the gas giant might tidally lock but the moon(s) would not. 88.81.156.140 (talk) 06:48, 28 April 2021 (UTC)

Implications
It would be nice to see a section in this article discussing what finding a room-temperature superconductor would enable us to do. Right now, the article says the "potential benefits for society and science if such a material did exist are profound", but does not elaborate. — Pie4all88  T C 13:33, 14 September 2012 (UTC)

 * Is an encyclopedia the place for imaginative speculation? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.233.76.155 (talk) 23:01, 23 October 2013 (UTC)

Various ideas from high efficiency turbines to super-radiation shielding. The big snag with conventional HTSCs is that Jc goes down as Tc goes up, so a hypothetical room temperature material with Tc in the 274K range may have low critical current. So less cooling is needed but still a problem. One idea I did see is using HTSC coils cooled directly with liquid oxygen (LOx) maintaining the critical saturation within the cuprate and the magnetic field exiting the containment through conduits composed of a "soft" material like SmCo so even if the main field cuts out there is enough residual energy for a few minutes of operation. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 185.3.100.38 (talk) 14:18, 5 October 2019 (UTC)

However, depending on the type an inter-metallic compound may have very useful properties. Conventional low temperature superconductors are quite ductile at ambient temperature however cuprates and borates are not requiring them to be wound using a host like silver (Ag) so the strain is mostly taken up. If the material discovered at IISC or another like it turns out to be something that can be mass produced, it would trigger another Industrial Revolution. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.35.82.111 (talk) 05:51, 29 August 2020 (UTC)

new room temperature superconductor - graphite and water
http://www.technologyreview.com/view/429203/room-temperature-superconductivity-found-in/ 72.128.212.251 (talk) 14:22, 15 September 2012 (UTC)

Removing self-published findings
I have removed self-published findings, as this clearly contraindicates long-standing wikipedia policy against original research. One of the citations is not even a publication by Prins, but rather a notice by someone else that he has commented upon. 14:58, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

Remove 2015 report?
I found the 2015 report on High-temperature_superconductivity, so it apparently is confirmed. Remove it here? Or link? 81.14.170.194 (talk) 14:57, 13 February 2017 (UTC)

Partly incomprehensible sentence
The sentence starting with "Further support for anomalous spin states is found in" seems partly incomprehensible.

--Mortense (talk) 13:07, 4 August 2019 (UTC)

ThH10
Hi, seems that actinide hydrides are generating interesting results. The latest one seems to be ThH10 under GPa pressure, that superconducts at 161K https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-11/miop-tss110719.php

the problem here is pressure. I suspect that hydrides though interesting will not work at any sensible pressure ie tens or hundreds of kPa without the Tc dropping like a stone. Pressure seems to stabilize the hydrogen in a quasi-metallic state so making it work at room temperature OR ambient pressure but not both at the same time.

There still may be hope of a metal-actinide-hydride but again its unlikely. On the flip side experiment and theory seem to agree, in that the properties of a simulated material agree within 10% to experimental results. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.35.83.107 (talk) 21:43, 17 January 2020 (UTC)

Interesting to note here, that advances in GPU design mean previously impossible calculations can be done with simple arrays of cheaper cards (notably the 2070) thanks to them flooding the market as the mining community switches to ASICs. Also worth noting that even earlier cards like the 10xx have the required hardware but aren't quite as efficient. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.111.195.1 (talk) 08:26, 9 March 2023 (UTC)

Problems/Original Research in the last 2 Paragraphs of "Reports"
Reference 21 discusses how how 3/2 electron spins could lead to new mechanisms for superconductivity, but other than that oblique reference, nothing in the final 2 paragraphs of the "Reports" section is supported by any references. I suspect it may be original research or a copy and paste from a source not referenced. Appropriate citations should be provided or the paragraphs deleted.

"Further support for anomalous 3/2 spin states is found in[21][clarification needed] though YPtBi is a relatively low temperature material it does suggest proof of concept. It has also recently been discovered that many superconductors including the cuprates and iron pnictides have two or more competing mechanisms fighting for dominance ie Charge density wave[citation needed] and excitonic states so, as with organic light emitting diodes and other quantum systems adding the right spin catalyst may by itself increase Tc: a possible candidate would be iridium or gold IrAu placed in some of the adjacent molecules or as a thin surface layer so the correct mechanism then propagates throughout the entire lattice similar to a phase transition. As yet this is speculative however some efforts have been made notably adding Pb to BSCCO which is well known to help promote high Tc phases by chemistry alone though relativistic effects similar to those found in lead-acid batteries might be responsible suggesting that a similar mechanism in Hg or Tl based cuprates may be possible using a related metal ie tin (Sn).

Any such catalyst would need to be nonreactive chemically but have properties that affect one mechanism but not the others, and also not interfere with subsequent annealing and oxygenation steps nor change the lattice resonances excessively. A possible workaround for the issues discussed would be to use strong electrostatic fields to hold the molecules in place during one of the steps until the lattice is formed.

Bgovern (talk) 21:04, 24 January 2020 (UTC)

I added the discussion. Perhaps I should just write a paper then it would be peer reviewed research at least. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.190.161.223 (talk) 07:32, 16 February 2020 (UTC) Still working on the paper. I did notice something intriguing, and circulated a copy of my findings to some folks in the US who patented a similar device though this is still under review as to replication and whether it is practical on a larger scale. Seems that complex Bi containing high entropy metal alloys also show signs of resistance drop near 4C (277K) and it is not clear why. Keeping the machine isolated and offline just in case I need to prove priority at a later date, though this may be excessive it needs to be said that sometimes an invention needs to be proved before it can be patented. I have also made progress on many lines of research but the difficulties include funding and testing candidate materials with old equipment.

Cleanup of the lede
Feels like in the last few years, the latest and greatest item has just been prepended to the lede, without moving older items out to the "reports" section. I'm having a bash at that now. DewiMorgan (talk) 23:51, 17 October 2020 (UTC)

Patent search
Hi, it looks like this material is genuine but need to come up with a coherent theory that explains the anomalous re-entrant behavior and lack of a clear Meissner effect in the test sample. Now hooking it up to an XRD rig of my own design based on firmware modified IO dental sensors though it will also work using the GM tube array method. Hopefully this will once and for all prove priority. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.81.137.12 (talk) 08:50, 9 March 2021 (UTC)

 * Just FYI, WP:original research is not accepted as a source for Wikipedia articles. Even if your research is published in a refereed scientific journal, WP:primary sources like research papers are not enough to support Wikipedia content.  WP:Secondary sources like survey papers or books are required. --ChetvornoTALK 09:24, 10 March 2021 (UTC)

Yes, noticed this. Perhaps I can send it to arXiv ?
 * I've had preprint papers kicked out as references from articles I created for various reasons, including that they were published on the medical counterpart medRxiv . - Bri.public (talk) 19:02, 22 March 2021 (UTC)

A new claim
Per today's WSJ, " a group of researchers at the University of Rochester report that they have created a new superconductor that can operate at room temperature and a much lower pressure than previously discovered superconducting materials. . . . For the new study, which was published Wednesday in the journal Nature, the researchers tweaked their superconductor recipe--adding nitrogen and a rare-earth metal known as lutetium to the hydrogen instead of sulfur and carbon--and once again heated and squeezed it in the diamond anvil cell.

They named the resulting material "reddmatter," after observing how the material's hue changed from blue to pink to red as it got compressed. The Rochester lab found that "reddmatter" could exist at 69 degrees Fahrenheit and 145,000 pounds per square inch, or psi, of pressure--about 1/360th of the pressure in Earth's core. That is about a 10-degree Fahrenheit increase in temperature and a drop to about 1/1000th of pressure compared with its predecessor from 2020.

"These results are a breakthrough for the scientific community that was enabled by [Dr. Dias's] keen chemical intuition," said Stanley Tozer, a research scientist at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University in Tallahassee, who wasn't involved in the research.

Dr. Dias said he's confident that achievement is coming: "It is just a matter of time." https://www.wsj.com/articles/superconductor-breakthrough-energy-reddmatter-90dfa165

The Nature article: Nature | Vol 615 | 9 March 2023 "Evidence of near-ambient superconductivity in a N-doped lutetium hydride" Nathan Dasenbrock-Gammon et. al https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05742-0.epdf, full text online.

Pete Tillman (talk) 22:29, 8 March 2023 (UTC)

 * Its intriguing. Interesting note here, the colour change would suggest a fundamental state of matter.
 * Lt compounds were once considered for NiMH batteries and in fact I once theorized that metallic hydrogen may form transiently within MH electrodes under full charge, but never had the chance to test it. 78.111.195.1 (talk) 08:24, 9 March 2023 (UTC)

 * According to The New York Times, a previous paper submitted by the same group was found to have significant problems, and the latest claim is not yet independently verified. AnonMoos (talk) 04:01, 10 March 2023 (UTC)
 * The Nature article was peer-reviewed prior to publication there. Which of course is no guarantee that it's correct! I hope they are right, or at least on the right track. Time will tell. As you (and others) say, lots of false-positives in the past! Pete Tillman (talk) 00:27, 13 March 2023 (UTC)

Definition of "room temperature" apparently being changed
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room_temperature 66.175.171.109 (talk) 23:30, 2 May 2023 (UTC)

400k+
Hey y'all, I'm not experienced enough in this area to feel comfortable paraphrasing anything myself, but I wanted to post some links to a recent (2023-07-22) research paper that claims to have developed a "room-temperature superconductor (Tc ≥ 400 K, 127°C) working at ambient pressure with a modified lead-apatite (LK-99) structure."

The First Room-Temperature Ambient-Pressure Superconductor (PDF)

There is another related paper:

Superconductor Pb10-xCux(PO4)6O showing levitation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and mechanism (PDF)

Discussed here and here.

CallMeSarge (talk) 20:48, 25 July 2023 (UTC)

 * More collected resources, from the Hacker News post:
 * Magnetic Property Test of LK-99 Film (video)
 * From this comment
 * Patent Application (2023-03-02)
 * From this comment
 * Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology: Consideration for the development of room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor (LK-99) (2023-04-30)
 * From this comment
 * CallMeSarge (talk) 21:12, 25 July 2023 (UTC)
 * @CallMeSarge I am not an expert on physics but I am an expert on arts and... that video is not reliable. Anyone can make a movie scene that features this "experiment" without need of any new material. Why the scientists didnt made it in an environment and video setting which can not be fabricated is beyond me, perhaps the physics discipline in Korean unicersities teach "while testing a supposed superconductor, tie a thin chain to it and do not let it show the levitation. instead move fast on a thin film and make it look like wind is doing the job." to their students? Cactus Ronin (talk) 09:56, 27 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Is it not a bit premature to include lk99 in the article, considering that it has as of yet not been peer-reviewed/verifiably replicated? 81.227.86.244 (talk) 21:40, 25 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Yeah, that's fair.
 * I was considering mentioning the announcement without attesting to its veracity, but I'd also totally understand waiting for confirmations / disproofs. CallMeSarge (talk) 23:39, 25 July 2023 (UTC)
 * In the newly added part, is the Quantum Energy Research Center officially affiliated with Korea University? From what I could find from their site, they look like a private company, though they list their second lab as on the campus. The wiki article makes it sound like they are part of the university Pabnau (talk) 04:38, 26 July 2023 (UTC)
 * The authors seem to be respectable in the field, at least, judging from publication history. Still, 400K/1 atm is the kind of discovery that basically guarantees a Nobel Prize in Physics, so we should 100% wait for the journal publication before including it. Juxlos (talk) 10:21, 26 July 2023 (UTC)
 * The procedure to reproduce LK-99 does seem to be rather... simple? It shouldn't be long until LK-99 can be added here if it is indeed a room temperature ambient pressure superconductor, but I wouldn't add it immediately. --DeputationRE (talk) 13:52, 26 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Someone needs to attempt a replication from the released paper. I'd try but lack some of the more exotic chemicals and parts needed. Have a frequency generator and dual channel scope at least.
 * Wonder if microwave oven or induction methods would work here? 78.111.195.1 (talk) 19:33, 26 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Ok, the section was re-added by someone, and they included a citation. I guess it was published in a Korean journal at the end of March. No citations in 3 months which is suspicious in itself. The journal looks suspiciously like a junk journal. Pay-to-publish journal with a relatively low impact factor (though I’m not sure what normal impact factors are for material science), and they accepted the paper after only 18 days of peer review…for such a significant claim that seems wayyyy too fast. I don’t think this paper adds credibility, if anything it raises more red flags if the claim has been around for months without verification, but maybe that’s why they found other researchers to work with?
 * (paper: http://journal.kci.go.kr/jkcgct/archive/articleView?artiId=ART002955269) Pabnau (talk) 20:46, 26 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Oh, there’s apparently reporting in some secondary sources. I don’t know that IFL Science is reliable, but this magazine looks ok https://www.newscientist.com/article/2384782-room-temperature-superconductor-breakthrough-met-with-scepticism/ but paywalled. Writer has a PhD in material science Pabnau (talk) 20:55, 26 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Ok, signed up to get access. Looks like we were right to be skeptical. Lots of skepticism from experts. I posted a short bit to the claim citing this source and mentioning the skepticism, but I think the paragraph probably needs a more significant rewrite or something
 * Susannah Speller and Chris Grovenor at the University of Oxford say that when a material becomes superconductive, there should be clear signatures of that in a number of measurements.
 * For two of those in particular, namely the response to a magnetic field and a quantity called heat capacity, Speller says neither is demonstrated in the data. “So it is too early to say that we have been presented with compelling evidence for superconductivity in these samples,” she says.
 * Other experts that New Scientist consulted were similarly sceptical about the results and the data produced. Some raised concern that some of the results could be explained by errors in experimental procedure combined with imperfections in the LK-99 sample.
 * ” Pabnau (talk) 21:16, 26 July 2023 (UTC)
 * an attempted reproduction (link to arxiv paper, PDF) has failed, though they admitted it had higher levels of imperfections than the first paper and they stated they are currently making more samples to continue testing Will Hendrix (talk) 18:54, 1 August 2023 (UTC)
 * There’s another arxiv paper (https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.16892.pdf) published from the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab- Sugegsts evidence towards initial findings from LL-99 but difficulty in synthesis: “the calculations presented here suggest that Cu substitution on the appropriate (Pb(1)) site displays many key characteristics for high-TC superconductivity, namely a flat isolated d-manifold, and potential presence of fluctuating magnetism, charge and photons. However, substitution on the other Pb(2) does not appear to have such sought-after properties, despite being the lower-energy substitution site. This result hints to the synthesis challenge in obtaining Cu substituted on the appropriate site for obtaining a bulk superconducting sample”. 78.86.34.159 (talk) 10:38, 2 August 2023 (UTC)
 * The experts I’ve seen comment (eg: the Condensed Matter Theory Center’s at University of Maryland’s Twitter account) seem to be saying that, while this is step forward in better understanding the material, it isn’t good evidence for super conductivity. There are many materials with this kind of behavior, and paper’s author has to make major questionable assumptions to get their simulation results Pabnau (talk) 21:54, 2 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Just noticed, someone purporting to be the paper’s author on Twitter has also said: “My paper did *not* prove nor give evidence of superconductivity in Cu-apatite.” Pabnau (talk) 22:11, 2 August 2023 (UTC)
 * for others who want to follow new papers live as well, here's an arxiv search for all papers mentioning LK99 or LK-99 sorted with the newest first. as of right now, there are 9 papers; the first two from the original team, the attempted reproduction, and then six papers running some numbers to try to better understand the molecule. Will Hendrix (talk) 09:15, 3 August 2023 (UTC)
 * scratch that, found other replication attempts with arxiv papers via LK-99 which don't mention LK99 or LK-99, idk what other terms you could add without just including all superconductivity papers Will Hendrix (talk) 09:58, 3 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Ok, it’s looking like the levitation effect has been replicated, but shown to be due to the ferromagnetism of the material, while simultaneously showing very high resistance. It sounds like it’s probably over for the hopes of superconductivity in this material. At this point, mostly just waiting for confirmation by a reliable secondary source (ie not IFL Science)
 * https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03110 Pabnau (talk) 14:58, 8 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I've added in citations to the Washington Post and Popular Mechanics about the new information. Popular mechanics is mainly there just to support the details about ferromagnetism since the Washington Post story doesn't provide many details. I couldn't find any good secondary sources talking about the resistivity drop coming from a phase shift, so I left that out, but there could be good things in the Science article (https://www.science.org/content/article/short-spectacular-life-viral-room-temperature-superconductivity-claim) which I'm pay-walled out of. There's also some interesting questions about whether LK-99 may be an unusually strong diamagnet, but I guess that's not super relevant to the superconductor question as the ferromagnetism.
 * Also, maybe this paragraph should go into the new "Retracted or unreliable studies" section? I'm not sure what the criteria we want to use for that is Pabnau (talk) 23:13, 9 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Also, maybe this paragraph should go into the new "Retracted or unreliable studies" section? I'm not sure what the criteria we want to use for that is Pabnau (talk) 23:13, 9 August 2023 (UTC)

Perforated graphene
A perforated graphene wetted with aliphatic hydrocarbon is claimed to be a superconductor up to 150°C. based on. I don't think it is well enough confirmed to work, but noting it here. Graeme Bartlett (talk) 08:12, 7 August 2023 (UTC)

New potential "Type III" superconductor
Hi, there are rumblings on some science pages of a new superconductor that exhibits properties similar to earlier discussions. Essentially the material rather than pairing up electrons arranges for electrons and holes to pair as a double Cooper pair quasi-particle of sorts at a much higher temperature than normal (301K) due to spin-antispin coupling when the material is of monoisotopic composition. It appears that it works because one of the quenching mechanisms for Cooper pairs in cuprates is excess lattice vibration (Type II) tearing apart the electron pairs and the cited mechanism is less temperature sensitive than theory alone would predict as well as being less vulnerable to ferrous and other contamination. It may also link in with organic polymers and research with OLEDs tentatively suggests that random bursts of HTSC may cause non radiative recombination that stops otherwise promising compounds from working properly. OLEDs also use a variety of mechanisms to prevent NRR and the structure can be incredibly complex as a result. Variations on this theme include materials with a window re-entrant effect and these may have been the catalyst for the most recent discoveries. 91.190.161.160 (talk) 07:39, 19 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Room-temperature superconductor


text:
Third Day

Third Day was a Christian rock band formed in Marietta, Georgia in 1991. The band was founded by lead singer Mac Powell, guitarist Mark Lee (both of whom were the only constant members) and Billy Wilkins. Drummer David Carr was the last band member to quit, prior to the band’s farewell tour in May and June 2018. The band's name is a reference to the biblical accounts of the resurrection of Jesus on the third day following his crucifixion. The band was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame on September 19, 2009. They have sold over 7 million albums in the United States and had 28 number one Christian album chart radio hits. Their fans are known as "Gomers" after a song on their second album about Gomer.

Forming years and independent recordings (1991–1994)
In 1991, high-schoolers Mac Powell and Mark Lee formed Third Day as a Christian music group with pianist Billy Wilkins and guitarist August McCoy. McCoy left the following year to pursue tertiary education. At a 1992 event at Lee's Church, Third Day performed alongside a band called the Bullard Family Singers, which featured David Carr and Tai Anderson. Third Day invited Carr and Anderson to join them shortly after.

In 1993, the band started playing more frequently in the Atlanta region in order to make money to record an album. Wilkins left the group in order to pursue his teaching career. Third Day recorded at Furies Studios in Atlanta and with the production help of Carr, Long Time Forgotten was released in 1994, producing and selling 2,000 copies. In 1995, the band started looking for a second guitarist. After hearing Brad Avery play with singer Chris Carder, Avery was asked to audition. After playing Consuming Fire during the first rehearsal, Avery was officially asked to join the band.

The band's second album, Contagious, was self-financed for $3,000 and recorded at Furies Studios. 1,000 CDs and cassette copies of the demo were released. While playing in Marietta, at the Strand Theatre, the owners offered the band a contract to sign with new independent record label Gray Dot Records. The band released the album Third Day, which sold 20,000 copies. Shortly after, Reunion Records bought out their Gray Dot contract and signed the band to a multi-album deal.

Recording contract with Reunion Records (1995–1997)
Reunion Records released the now official version of Third Day, which has sold over 300,000 copies and was well received by critics. The album also yielded their only mainstream rock radio hit in the U.S., "Nothing at All", which peaked at No. 34 on the Billboard rock charts. Later in 1995, Christian music headliner Newsboys asked Third Day to open for them at five West Coast shows. The band also launched their own 65-city tour with All Star United and Seven Day Jesus opening for them.

In 1996, the band was nominated for a Dove Award in the category of New Artist of the Year and their video for Consuming Fire directed by Chris Metzler and Jeff Springer won a Billboard Music Award in the category of Best Christian Video. The video was shot on location in Bombay Beach, California and other places around the Salton Sea. This experience and discovering Leonard Knight's Salvation Mountain nearby later inspired the album artwork for the band's album Revelation.

In 1997, the band started working on their second album, Conspiracy No. 5. The album was produced by Sam Taylor, who had previously worked with King's X and other Christian bands. The album was nominated for a Grammy and won Dove Awards for Rock Album of the Year and Rock Song of the Year ("Alien"). The following year, the band toured around the United States, both alone and again opening for Newsboys. Also in 1998, the band recorded a cover of Michael W. Smith's "Agnus Dei" for his Dove Award-winning compilation project Exodus.

Mainstream and international success (1998–2006)
In 1998, the band started working on Time with Monroe Jones as the producer. Time was nominated for a Grammy Award and won another Dove Award for the band. Some of the songs that were recorded for possible inclusion in the album, but left out during production, are on the EP Southern Tracks. During the band's live shows they included a significant portion of worship music, prompting the band to release an album made up exclusively of worship songs. The subsequent album Offerings: A Worship Album took about a week to record. In 2000, to support both Time and Offerings, Third Day went on tour alongside Jennifer Knapp. Later in the same year, the band collaborated on the project City on a Hill: Songs of Worship and Praise with FFH, Caedmon's Call, SonicFlood, Jars of Clay, and others.

In 2001, the band played in Australia and New Zealand on the heels of the success of the Offerings album. While touring in the US, Third Day recorded a concert attended by 15,000 fans at the HiFi Buys Amphitheatre in Atlanta to be released as their first DVD, The Offerings Experience. That same year, the band won five Dove Awards as well as their first Grammy. They closed the year with the release of their fifth studio album, Come Together, which won two Dove Awards and a Grammy. The album was certified gold the next year, along with Time. The band appeared in the 2002 film Joshua, the movie version of the story of Joseph Girzone. The Third Day song My Hope is You was included in the Joshua soundtrack album. In 2003, the band released a follow-up to their hit worship CD Offerings entitled Offerings II: All I Have to Give.

In 2004, the band released their seventh album, Wire, and toured the States with tobyMac and Warren Barfield. In June of the same year, they traveled to Europe for a two-week tour. Upon returning the band recorded a concert at Louisville and released it as the live album, Live Wire. During the same year, they collaborated on the soundtrack for Mel Gibson's film, The Passion of the Christ, played at the Republican National Convention and were featured on 60 Minutes. In January 2007, the band played one night each in Melbourne, Brisbane, and Sydney, Australia.

The band's next album, Wherever You Are, debuted on the Billboard 200 at No. 8. It also won the band their third Grammy Award.

Christmas and compilation albums (2006–2008)
The band recorded and released its first Christmas-themed album, Christmas Offerings, in 2006. In 2007, they released their first compilations of hits, Chronology.

On February 28, 2008, Third Day released a statement announcing Brad Avery's departure from the band after 13 years and over 1,000 concerts. According to the official press release, Avery left the band to pursue solo projects and Third Day would not replace him, continuing on as a quartet. Following Avery's departure, the band performed at the April 2008 Papal Youth Rally at St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers, N.Y.

Revelation and Live Revelations (2008–2010)
Supporting the July 29, 2008, release of their new album Revelation, the band appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno where they performed the album's first single Call My Name and on November 20, 2008, they appeared on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson performing the album's title track. The song "This Is Who I Am" also appears in EA Sports NASCAR video game NASCAR 09, though the album was released over a month after the game. "Call My Name" hit No. 1 and was the fifth most-played song on R&R magazine's Christian CHR chart for 2008.

In April 2009, the band released a live version of the album Revelation under the title Live Revelations as a CD/DVD combination. Third Day was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame on September 19, 2009. In December 2009, Third Day was nominated for three Grammy Awards, with Live Revelations winning Best Rock or Rap Gospel Album, their fourth career Grammy, and receiving nominations for "Born Again" in the two categories Best Gospel Performance and Best Gospel Song. Live Revelations achieved Gold status in its month of release, becoming the band's eighth album to do so.

Move (2010)
Third Day was featured on Winter Jam 2010, touring alongside a variety of contemporary Christian groups including the Newsboys, Fireflight, and Tenth Avenue North. After releasing the single, "Lift Up Your Face" in July 2010, Third Day released their tenth studio album, Move, on October 19, 2010. On October 30 they finished the World Vision-sponsored tour Make a Difference Tour 2010 with TobyMac, Michael W. Smith, Jason Gray, and Max Lucado in Fayetteville, NC. The group's song "Follow Me There" from Move is featured as the theme song to the TLC Television show Sarah Palin's Alaska which debuted in 2010.

Miracle and Lead Us Back: Songs of Worship (2012–2017)
Third Day released Miracle on November 6, 2012. The band toured Miracle on the Miracle Tour with artists Colton Dixon and Josh Wilson as their opening acts, commencing on February 21, 2013, in Fairfax, Virginia and concluding on May 19, 2014, in Orlando.

Third Day released the worship album Lead Us Back: Songs of Worship on March 3, 2015. The album, produced by The Sound Kids (Jonny Macintosh and JT Daly) as a worship experience with Third Day at the center of a "friend choir", peaked at No. 20 on the Billboard 200, No. 1 on the Christian Albums chart, No. 5 on the Top Rock Albums chart and No. 13 on the Digital Albums chart. The album has had one single, "Soul on Fire", that spent 19 weeks on the Billboard charts, peaking at No. 2 on Hot Christian Songs and No. 3 on Christian Digital Songs. In 2015, bassist Tai Anderson announced he would take "a break from the upcoming touring season with Third Day". Anderson has been with the band for 23 years.

Revival and farewell (2017–2018)
To celebrate their 25th anniversary, Third Day released the back-to-their-roots album, Revival, on August 4, 2017, recorded at FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Third Day reunited with producer Monroe Jones, who had worked with Third Day on six previous albums including Time, Offerings I and II, and Come Together.

On March 2, 2018, Third Day announced their farewell with 12 shows as a last chance to see them live. The farewell tour eventually expanded to 20 concerts. June 27, 2018, in Denver was the final show added.

Members

 * Mac Powell – lead vocals, acoustic guitar, tambourine (1991–2018)
 * Mark Lee – electric guitar, backing vocals (1991–2018)
 * David Carr – drums, percussion (1992–2017)
 * Tai Anderson – bass, backing vocals (1992–2015)
 * Brad Avery – guitar (1995–2008). From Third Day Weblog by Third Day. "Third Day and Brad Avery have made the very difficult decision to part ways. We appreciate Brad's many contributions to the band's career to date, including his work on our forthcoming album, but the time has come for us to follow our separate paths. He has been an important part of Third Day for the last 13 years as we've traveled the world together and performed over 1,000 concerts. We will miss him as a band member but he will always remain our brother and our friend. Brad is a wonderful person, gifted songwriter and talented musician. We trust that God has amazing plans for his future." Avery left the band on February 28, 2008.
 * Scotty Wilbanks – keyboards, backing vocals (2005–2018)
 * Tim Gibson – bass guitar (2015–2018)
 * Trevor Morgan – mandolin, banjo, guitar, backing vocals (2016–2018)
 * Billy Wilkins – keyboards (1991–1994). Wilkins was one of the original members of Third Day, from 1991 to 1994, along with Powell and Lee. He was also with the group when Anderson and Carr joined, both of whom were still in high school at the time. He has not recorded with Third Day since 2004, when he played "Blessed Assurance". In 2007, early footage was released on the two projects Chronology I Chronology and II, on which Wilkins is included.
 * Geof Barkley – keyboards, backing vocals (1993). Barkley (formerly of Geoff Moore and the Distance) played keyboards on every live album in the band's history and every live show for nearly seven years. Barkley also performed on Wherever You Are. Although never officially a member of the band, Brad Avery has described Barkley as '"in the band", but he's not a "member" of Third Day, that's two different things. But he is in the band, and he plays with us live every night, and he rocks.' Barkley's background vocals in songs such as "God of Wonders" and "Took My Place" as well as "You Are So Good To Me" have become integral parts of Third Day's live sound. Barkley finished touring with Third Day on October 21, 2005, in Raleigh, North Carolina.
 * August McCoy – guitar (1991–1992)
 * Jason Hoard – mandolin, banjo, guitar, backing vocals (2010–2012, 2018)
 * Boone Daughdrill – drums (2018)
 * Brian Bunn – guitar, harmonica (2012–2016)

Timeline

Awards
As of 2020 the group has received 4 Grammy Awards and 25 Dove Awards.

Billboard magazine best of the 2000s

 * No. 3 Christian Albums Artist of the Decade
 * No. 5 Christian Songs Artist of the Decade
 * No. 15 Christian Song of the Decade: "Cry Out to Jesus"
 * No. 27 Christian Song of the Decade: "Call My Name"
 * No. 39 Christian Song of the Decade: "You Are So Good to Me"
 * No. 43 Christian Song of the Decade: "Mountain of God"
 * No. 28 Christian Album of the Decade: "Wherever You Are"
 * No. 33 Christian Album of the Decade: "Come Together"
 * No. 37 Christian Album of the Decade: "Offerings: A Worship Album"
 * No. 39 Christian Album of the Decade: "Offerings II: All I Have to Give"

title: Third Day


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cash is king

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was - kept

Cash is king
If anything is to be written about this, it'd probably be better written in economics or a related page. Delete. (I'd suggest merge, but there's hardly anything to merge.) - Furrykef 04:37, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I had to try to fix it a bit. Maybe redirect to cash flow ? I'll try re-reading what I've written in the morning to see if it makes sense. Johnny Cash... good gravy... - RedWordSmith 05:28, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nonsense. --Improv 12:45, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * It's not nonsense but it is a mere dicdef (a discussion about the meaning and usage of a word or phrase). I see no possibility of expansion.  Merge and redirect to cash flow (an article which does need significant expansion).  Rossami 16:35, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep, 20500 google hits. I think that there is a small but real chance that this could become another All your base are belong to us article, given that the expression is also used to denote other ideas: it's used by Askmen in a humorous (?) article to suggest that cash is a superior form of payment, and it's used by the Christian Science Monitor to talk about the effects of money on politics, similar to the more sardonic version of the Golden Rule. - RedWordSmith 17:38, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Google doesn't mean anything here. There are 447,000 hits for "have a nice day", and we don't have a have a nice day article because even though many of us say it every day, it's just not a good subject for an encyclopedia article. Heavy usage of a phrase does not mean we need an article on that phrase. It might have a place on a list of idioms, however. - Furrykef 01:58, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. The phrase, as such, is not notable.  -- WOT 20:30, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Leave as a harmless redirect to cash flow. —Morven 22:39, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Mikkalai 04:58, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not encyclopedic.   — Gwalla | Talk 20:46, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep - it is a common phrase that not everyone understands the meaning of (unlike 'have a nice day'). The Recycling Troll 15:07, 1 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * But how does that merit keeping rather than, say, making it a redirect or even outright deletion? That not everybody understands its meaning (which, by the way, I'd debate, but it's not the point) doesn't mean much, because meaning belongs in Wiktionary, not Wikipedia. - Furrykef 23:32, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep I have expanded the article, if only to show that it can, indeed, be expanded. The Steve  08:00, Oct 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately, the explanation added by Thesteve do not actually relate to the economic concept behind the phrase "cash is king". The phrase relates to corporate valuation, not to consumer credit practices.  No change of vote. Rossami 16:35, 4 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree. That it can be expanded means naught if it can only be expanded in a manner inconsistent with the article title. - Furrykef 20:00, 4 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:64.164.117.110

title: User talk:64.164.117.110


text:
Willy Caballero

Wilfredo Daniel Caballero Lazcano (born 28 September 1981) is an Argentine professional football coach and former goalkeeper who is currently the assistant head coach of club Chelsea.

He spent most of his career in Spain, representing Elche and Málaga and competing in La Liga with the latter club. In the summer of 2014 he signed for Manchester City, helping them win the 2016 League Cup. In 2017, he joined Chelsea where he was a backup keeper for four seasons.

Caballero made his senior debut for Argentina in 2018. He represented the nation at the 2018 World Cup, and was also a non-playing member of the squads that won a gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Early career
Born in Santa Elena, Entre Ríos, Caballero started his playing career with Boca Juniors in 2001, where he won three major titles in 2003. On 14 December of that year he witnessed – from the bench – his team beat A.C. Milan 3–1 on penalties, in the 2003 Intercontinental Cup.

Caballero joined Elche of Spain in 2004, and when his daughter was diagnosed with cancer he agreed to a brief loan spell back in his country with Arsenal de Sarandí to care for her, published on Ivoox. With Elche, after a rough first season, he went on to become the undisputed starter, appearing in nearly 200 Segunda División games.

Málaga
On 10 February 2011, Caballero was transferred to Málaga in La Liga for €900,000 and two-and-a-half years, as an emergency transfer – after the transfer deadline of 31 January – due to a serious knee injury to Sergio Asenjo (their previous starter, Rubén, was also unavailable due to physical problems); he made his league debut on 20 February, starting in a 1–1 draw at Villarreal, and played all the matches until the end of the campaign, with the Andalusians finally escaping relegation.

On 1 October 2011, Caballero entered Málaga's history books as he kept his goal clean for 480 minutes, beating the club's previous record of 429 held by Pedro Contreras since the 2001–02 season. On 16 October, he was sent off midway through the first half of an away fixture against Levante after touching the ball with his hands just outside the box – the hosts eventually won it 3–0.

On 18 January 2012, Caballero signed a contract extension, tying him to the club until 2016. On 25 March, playing against Espanyol, he fractured his left hand early into the game, being sidelined for the rest of the season.

Caballero returned to full fitness for 2012–13, featuring in all but two games and helping the Boquerones to the sixth position. Goal.com named him as the best player in his position for the campaign. At the end of the following season, he was nominated as the best goalkeeper in the league alongside Thibaut Courtois of Atlético Madrid and Keylor Navas of Levante.

Manchester City

On 8 July 2014, Caballero signed a three-year deal with Manchester City, for a fee believed to be in the region of £6 million excluding add-ons. He reunited at his new club with former Málaga manager Manuel Pellegrini, and his competitive debut came on 10 August in the 2014 FA Community Shield, playing the full 90 minutes in a 0–3 loss to Arsenal at Wembley Stadium; a week later, in the Premier League opener, he was an unused substitute at Newcastle United.

Caballero's second official appearance for City occurred on 24 September 2014, in the 7–0 home routing of Sheffield Wednesday for the Football League Cup. He made his first league appearance away against Hull City three days later, relegating longtime incumbent Joe Hart to the bench in a 4–2 win.

Caballero's third league match was on 26 September 2015, a 1–4 defeat at Tottenham Hotspur. Throughout the season, he was first-choice in the League Cup, receiving criticism in the national press before the final following a poor performance in the 1–5 loss to Chelsea in the FA Cup; in the decisive match at Wembley Stadium, he saved three attempts in the 3–1 penalty shootout triumph against Liverpool, and Pellegrini subsequently said he would rather lose the match to keep his word, whilst several pundits added that both player and manager deserved an apology with some remarking the performance was a lesson in loyalty.

Following the appointment of manager Pep Guardiola in the 2016 off-season, Caballero became the starter over Hart. Soon after, with the signing of Claudio Bravo, he returned to his backup role.

On 19 October 2016, Caballero appeared as a substitute in a 0–4 defeat by Barcelona at the Camp Nou in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League. After replacing the red-carded Bravo in goal, he saved a penalty from Neymar in the 87th minute of the match. Two weeks later, he deputised for the suspended Bravo in the 3–1 home win over the same opponent for the same competition.

On 1 February 2017, Caballero replaced Bravo. On his return to the starting XI, he kept a clean sheet in a 4–0 win over West Ham United at the London Olympic Stadium. Late into the month, in a 5–3 Champions League round of 16 win over Monaco, he saved a penalty from Radamel Falcao.

On 25 May 2017, it was announced Caballero would leave the club on the expiry of his contract, which occurred on 30 June.

Chelsea

On 1 July 2017, Caballero signed for title holders Chelsea on a free transfer. He made his competitive debut on 20 September, in a 5–1 home win against Nottingham Forest for the League Cup.

On 17 January 2018, Caballero saved a penalty from Nélson Oliveira in the shootout of a third round FA Cup replay win over Norwich City, which had finished 1–1 after extra time. Due to an ankle injury to first-choice Thibaut Courtois, he made his Premier League debut away to Brighton & Hove Albion two days later, in a 4–0 success.

On 24 February 2019, during the 2019 EFL Cup final against cup holders Manchester City, with the match at 0–0 and a penalty shootout imminent, Chelsea goalkeeper Kepa Arrizabalaga refused to be substituted off for Caballero to face his old club as the team went on to lose 3–4.

With Arrizabalaga struggling to stay in form during the 2019–20 Premier League season, Caballero was selected as the starting goalkeeper for Chelsea in a cup match against Hull City in late January 2020. Caballero was then the starting goalkeeper for the next four league matches and a Champions League match before Arrizabalaga returned. Caballero played in the 2020 FA Cup final, a 2–1 loss to Arsenal On 20 May 2020, Caballero had his contract with Chelsea extended by one more year.

On 29 May 2021, Caballero won the 2021 UEFA Champions League final with Chelsea against his former club Manchester City, but was an unused substitute in the game. On 4 June 2021, Chelsea announced he would depart from the club at the end of the month when his contract expired, and thanked him for his contribution to the team with an extended article for his time and feats there.

Southampton
On 6 December 2021, Caballero signed for Premier League side Southampton on a one-month contract after Southampton's two main goalkeepers both suffered injuries. Caballero had been training with EFL League One side AFC Wimbledon since leaving Chelsea in June. On 11 December 2021, Caballero made his competitive debut in Southampton's 3–0 defeat to Arsenal. On 7 January 2022, Caballero extended his contract to the end of the season.

On 1 July 2022, Caballero signed a one-year contract extension with Southampton.

International career
Caballero played for Argentina at under-20 level, helping the nation win the 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship by playing in the competition's last two games. In 2004, he was picked for the gold medal-winning squad at the 2004 Summer Olympics as backup to Germán Lux (also first-choice in the previous tournament).

Caballero was an unused member for the senior squad at the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup. In November 2014, he was called by manager Gerardo Martino for friendlies against Croatia and Portugal. He only won his first cap nearly four years later at the age of 36, starting in a 2–0 defeat of Italy on 23 March 2018 in another exhibition game, played in Manchester.

Caballero was included in the final squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. He started the tournament due to the injury of habitual first-choice Sergio Romero, and made his debut in the competition on 16 June in a 1–1 group stage draw against Iceland. In the next match against Croatia, his mistake handed the opposition the first goal in a 0–3 defeat, and he was subsequently dropped by manager Jorge Sampaoli in favour of Franco Armani for the team's final group match against Nigeria, which ended in a 2–1 win; he also did not feature in the round of 16 game, a 4–3 loss to France.

Coaching career
On 9 July 2023, Caballero was announced as the new assistant manager of Leicester City, becoming part of new manager Enzo Maresca's backroom staff. He moved to a similar role at Chelsea in June 2024.

Player
Boca Juniors
 * Argentine Primera División: Apertura 2003
 * Copa Libertadores: 2003
 * Intercontinental Cup: 2003

Manchester City
 * Football League Cup: 2015–16

Chelsea
 * FA Cup: 2017–18; runner-up: 2019–20
 * EFL Cup runner-up: 2018–19
 * UEFA Champions League: 2020–21
 * UEFA Europa League: 2018–19

Argentina U20
 * FIFA World Youth Championship: 2001

Argentina Olympic
 * Summer Olympic Games: 2004

Argentina
 * FIFA Confederations Cup runner-up: 2005

Assistant coach
Leicester City
 * EFL Championship: 2023–24

title: Willy Caballero


text:
Talk:Vacation

UK and elsewhere
Vacation is used in places other than North America... to describe pre-organised time away from the job or school. I'm not sure about England, but Australians use this term quite frequently. ---  I've lived in Australia for 45 years and had employment for 30; I've never heard someone refer to holidays as vacation neither officially, unofficially, in the media or popular culture. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ozijim (talk • contribs) 01:13, 29 September 2019 (UTC)

Vacation is used in the UK when referring to time away from University. "Work to do over the vacation period", "Vacation essay" etc.

A user added this, which I moved here to talk. He's right, of course, but the comment belongs here. – Quadell (talk) (help)  02:28, Oct 21, 2004 (UTC)

 * One good way to find out what a good vacation is, would be to take about 2 weeks off from your job, leave the TV, DVD, and lap top behind, drive to the Outer Banks, kick back and just enjoy the sea air, salt spray, the seagulls, the waves, the sand, and just relax. Now that's a vacation!

Canada
An interesting article on vacation can be found on the CBC Web site here: http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/work/vacation.html

Spain
In Spain there is not a 30 calendar day vacation by law... e.g. I've got 22 working days by contract so, where have you find that?

France
The amount of vacation is France is a very famous "social troll", so Wikipedia should take care about that. I think the info in the article is wrong (5 weeks + 2 weeks of RTT) or at least biased. RTT indeed means "Réduction du temps de travail", ("working time reduction", something like that). Let me try to explain that in a simple way (not so easy with a french bureaucratic feature): since a couple of years, the normal weekly work time is 35h in France. If your contract is based on these 35 weekly hours, you will only have 5 weeks (i.e. ~ 25 days) of vacation. But if your contract is an "old" contract, it can be based on the former 39 weekly hours: you can then have these 2-weeks RTT compensation, that cannot be really considered as holidays (generally, you can't put several of these days in the same week). Thus, the correct vacations in France are 5 weeks for a normal contract, + 2 weeks if you have to work 39h/week. It is less than in some nordic country, such as Sweden (37.5h weekly, + 28 to 32 days of vacation depending on your age): the fact that France is the country where you work the less is a urban legend (I can testify, since I'm french and I'm working in Sweden: they are really doing nothing here --and you have to consider these crazy 6-month parental vacation both for the father and the mother!). This urban legend has been spread for political purposes (as a justification for going back to the 39h/week for instance), but it is not the role of WP to state it without any sources. 130.238.37.117 16:32, 3 October 2006 (UTC) and Arnaudus on WP:fr.

Japan
I think this is incorrect. My Japanese friends say it is 2 weeks, and I've never heard of a single instance where anyone has been able to take it off consecutively. If you ask for the full two weeks, you'll get a lot of pressure from your employer. Plus most Japanese work long hours: Until 8:30PM or 10-11PM every night. So where does that 5 week figure come from? I've never heard of it. It seems very unlikely, and certainly isn't the current situation. I'm guessing someone took a wild guess. [Anon. 5:02 18 December 2006 (UTC)]

Your Love (The Outfield song)
Maybe it is worth mentioning in The Outfield's song "Your Love" that the term vacation is used despite the fact that the band is English. Celtic Emperor 20:48, 3 June 2007 (UTC)

Expansion request
So much could be said about vacations, vacation spots, vacation days, etc. Surely the topic deserves more than a paragraph. – Quadell (talk) (help)  20:51, Sep 27, 2004 (UTC)

active vacation
The article Recreation contained a link to active vacation, but I couldn't find anything about it on Wikipedia. Do we really not have anything yet?

Out of Office/Out of Facility
A link has been made to this page from the DAB page Oof, relating to Out of Office/Out of Facility, implying on vacation. I'm not convinced this link is fully justified, but if editors of this page feel it is, perhaps they might consider expanding this page to accommodate that topic, then reducing the text and reference that has been inappropriately included in the DAB page. Nick Moyes (talk) 00:03, 7 September 2017 (UTC)

needs history section
needs history section--Kintetsubuffalo (talk) 01:55, 3 March 2018 (UTC)

Regional meaning
"The Vanderbilts, Rockefellers, Carnegies, Huntingtons and other fabulously wealthy industrialists built their own spectacular 'great camps' in the Adirondacks of upstate New York where they could spend time with their families in private luxury. The scions of New York City took to declaring that they would 'vacate' their city homes for their lakeside summer retreats, and the term 'vacation' replaced the British 'holiday' in common parlance."

I think this sentence is not written in a style suitable for an Encyclopedia because it is suggestive and unnecessarily decorated ("fabulous", "spectacular", "The scions of New York City", etc.). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tantalum53 (talk • contribs) 13:29, 4 November 2019 (UTC)

"Impact of digital communications" section
I have moved this section, as the previous placement only second after "Etymology" was apportioning it far too much weight. Even as it is, to claim that is is, "now the norm in North America and the United Kingdom, to carry on working or remain on call while on vacation rather than abandon work altogether" is pretty ridiculous. It doesn't apply to anyone working in manufacturing, retail, or most service industries, and it is not even ubiquitous for office workers. In other words, it only applies to a small minority. Nick Cooper (talk) 07:49, 11 March 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Vacation