text:
Talk:Heloise (disambiguation)

Untitled
Yikes! There are two Heloises of note. The article deals mostly with the eleventh-century correspondent. I just added a paragraph about the twentieth-century columnist/author. Normally, confusing the two would be difficult, but seeing the 11th-century Heloise appear as a 1951 birth is a bit disconcerting. Any thoughts on how we could split this into two articles, and what they might be called? Ventura 23:12, 2004 Oct 6 (UTC)

Twelfth century (1100 = 12th c.) StarTigerJLN (talk) 01:03, 8 February 2021 (UTC)

Disambiguation, response
Note -- the other Heloise of note is in the disambiguation page. It's a distinct article already.

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was not moved. --BDD (talk) 16:36, 29 July 2013 (UTC)

Heloise → Heloise (disambiguation) – Treat Héloïse d'Argenteuil as the primary meaning. She is an important and and well-known historical figure (look at the list of cultural references) even if for somewhat off-beat reasons, the other people seem rather obscure. PatGallacher (talk) 20:11, 19 July 2013 (UTC)

 * Oppose – more primary topic claiming nonsense. What would Heloise suggest? Take a hint...  Dicklyon (talk) 01:26, 20 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Support. The nun is the encyclopedic meaning of "Heloise", the only one given in Britannica. She gets eight times more page views than the advise columnist, compare here and here. Warrior of Zen (talk) 04:51, 20 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Reply Treating an advice columnist who I doubt if many people outside the US will have heard of as being of comparable importance to this important historical figure would be a clear example of recentism and US-centric systemic bias, see WP:RECENTISM and WP:BIAS. PatGallacher (talk) 12:15, 20 July 2013 (UTC)
 * User:Warrior of Zen's comment struck through as Sockpuppet, but also incorrect. Britannica does indeed have Héloïse (not Heloise) on the article, but Britannia search query on Heloise shows Héloïse (French nun). The mechanics of Britannicas dab system are not directly comparable to wikimedia mechanics, and Britannica are using both full diacritics and parenthetical to help readers find, so Britannica hardly supports the proposal. In ictu oculi (talk) 09:11, 28 July 2013 (UTC)

Well, the move proposal is based on the assumption that Heloise is the PT, because long-term usage has established her as the mononym, and would therefore be preliminary to locating Abelard's Heloise at Heloise. The current title seems to reflect a strenuous effort to call her something other than the most common name in English from the time at least of Chaucer, which is Heloise (the monoym is spelled differently in Middle English, but it's still a mononym), hence the move proposal per long-term educational significance. And I think I've already demonstrated that while the other Heloises are easily distinguished by aspect of notability (columnist) or surname, the ways to disambiguate Abelard's Heloise are all either not-common-knowledge or unnecessarily clumsy. I resort to calling her "Abelard's Heloise" for the very reason that she's just "Heloise", not Heloise the columnist or Heloise Whatever. I'm unclear about why the type of hatnote at George Washington wouldn't work for the woman known for hundreds of years in English simply as Heloise, or how calling Heloise the columnist simply Heloise (columnist) isn't useful, since it's a pen name for the purpose of writing the column. I'm not following why GW's inarguably the PT even though several other well-trafficked articles have GW at the beginning of the article name, while Abelard's Heloise is supposed to be self-evidently not the PT, despite having been known for centuries by the mononym in English, not to mention in other literatures and cultures who have never heard of the American columnist, who has no language links. "The" Heloise is an international figure, not localized to the United States, and that's one reason she's the PT in an encyclopedia meant for everybody who reads English. The columnist is easily identified as such. Cynwolfe (talk) 20:39, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I find it problematic to suggest that a topic may be unambiguous because "many people outside the US" will not have heard of it, in light of the fact that the U.S. is a country of 300,000,000 people, and represents a substantial proportion of the users of English-language Wikipedia. bd2412  T 12:49, 25 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose, the usage of the abbess redirect here do not outpace the columnist, which IMO is the more relevant usage stat here. We are also not biased toward non-US topics or non-recent topics, so leaving neither at the base name would be the right result. -- JHunterJ (talk) 12:57, 20 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Reply If you consult the page hit counter you will see that the article itself at Héloïse d'Argenteuil has 1979 hits in July 2013, considerably more than the mere 446 for Heloise (columnist).  I also quote WP:PRIMARYTOPIC: "A topic is primary for a term, with respect to long-term significance, if it has substantially greater enduring notability and educational value than any other topic associated with that term." which I suggest carries some weight in this case. PatGallacher (talk) 20:50, 20 July 2013 (UTC)
 * It makes no sense to compare a redirect like Heloise_(abbess) to an article title like Heloise (columnist). JHunter is comparing apples to oranges. Warrior of Zen (talk) 23:26, 20 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Warrior of Ze, neither comparison is perfect, but that doesn't mean that they make "no sense". There are many articles that get more hits than either of these, but they are also not the primary topic for "Heloise", because they are not topics sought be readers entering "Heloise" in the search box. In the absence of an apples-to-apples comparison, checking the hits on the redirect that readers reaching this page would use may be more accurate. And in the absence of a clear primary (since neither measure is fully satisfactory), the disambiguation page is a better solution than a primary topic redirect. Another option would be to reformat the base name page as an article about the given name "Heloise" and move the disambiguation page to Heloise (disambiguation). -- JHunterJ (talk) 15:11, 21 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose: two high-use senses of the word "Heloise", so the dab page is best at the base name. Also Oppos JHJ's suggestion that the given name should be the primary topic: no evidence that people are overwhelmingly more likely to want to know about the etymology, use, etc of the name, rather than the abbess or columnist, so we should leave the dab page at the base name and consider creating Heloise (name) if an article on the name is created. Pam  D  16:23, 24 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Support. The problem I see with the current disambiguation of this name is Héloïse d'Argenteuil. If I saw that name out of context, I would think it did NOT mean Abelard's Heloise, because I would assume that the d'Argenteuil was added to distinguish this Heloise from the famous one commonly known as a mononym. Not only are French diacriticals used in that article title, which doesn't strike me as "most common" in English, but I doubt many people would recognize the d'Argenteuil. I cheerfully confess that I did not, and I'm far from the least humanities-educated person who might be looking up something in Wikipedia. Evidently the article title Héloïse d'Argenteuil is so esoteric we even use a redirect title—Heloise (abbess)—on the dab page, contrary to usual practice. This is the best case I've seen where historical, long-term, encyclopedic significance makes sense as a guideline, particularly in conjunction with the principles of globalism and "most common" usage in naming, since adding awkward disambiguators to the Heloise-most-commonly-known-as-the-monoym is pedantic obfuscation. Cynwolfe (talk) 18:33, 25 July 2013 (UTC)
 * We use the matching redirect Heloise (abbess) on the disambiguation page for the title "Heloise" in accordance with the usual practice (WP:DABREDIR), not contrary to it. -- JHunterJ (talk) 13:59, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * If Héloïse d'Argenteuil is the correct article title, then why shouldn't the dab entry be "Héloïse d'Argenteuil, usually known in English as Heloise, abbess and lover of Abelard"? Using the redirect in the dab on the contrary indicates that her name will be more familiar in English as Heloise than Héloïse, and that users who type in "Heloise" are quite likely looking for the figure we've chosen to frenchly call Héloïse d'Argenteuil—which was my point about her current article title, and why I support the move proposal. Cynwolfe (talk) 14:46, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * A reader reaching the "Heloise" disambiguation page is looking for a topic they associate with the title "Heloise". If the topic is titled something else but has a redirect of "Heloise (qualifier)", the usual practice is to use the redirect that matches the ambiguous title. -- JHunterJ (talk) 15:58, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Precisely: the user is likely to type in "Heloise", not "Héloïse", let alone "Héloïse d'Argenteuil". That supports one premise of the move request, which is that "Heloise" is far more common in reference to the lover of Abelard than is the current article title "Héloïse d'Argenteuil". The advice columnist has a ready disambiguator as (columnist). Anyone looking up that Heloise will know she's a columnist; the disambiguator is actively useful, because it's a word inevitably found or implied in close proximity with the name in any likely context. But the most common and well-established and global use of "Heloise" as a monoym is the Heloise associated with Abelard. If she were only one of the thousands of abbesses who ever lived, she would not be notable, and many contexts in which readers encounter her name will not identify her as an abbess. A disambiguator shouldn't require prior knowledge on the reader's part; its purpose is to make it immediately evident that it's the one you're looking for. Cynwolfe (talk) 17:49, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I wanted to correct the claim that it was contrary to usual practice. I disagree with its presence here supporting the premise of the move request. Its presence here supports the conclusion that "Heloise" is ambiguous, but not that the abbess is the primary meaning. That topic B (e.g., a columnist) is also not primary does not indicate that topic A (e.g., an abbess) is primary. -- JHunterJ (talk) 18:16, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I think there's a legitimate argument to make (whether it's ultimately accepted or not) that (a) the Heloise of Abelard meets the standard of primary topic based on long-term educational significance, and that (b) the disambiguators used supposedly to direct readers to Abelard's Heloise in fact don't help readers who arrive without knowledge, so they serve no purpose. The columnist is readily distinguished by being called a columnist. Since the other most (but less) likely target is Heloise (columnist), and other Heloises have surnames, the Heloise most commonly known by the mononym requires no disambiguation herself. Her article just needs an "other people" hatnote pointing to the dab. Cynwolfe (talk) 18:32, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * There's a fundamental misunderstanding there. The "disambiguators" (or disambiguation tags, or qualifiers) do not exists to direct readers anywhere. Disambiguation tags or qualifiers exist because of the technical limitation that keeps two articles from having exactly the same title. Wikipedia naming conventions ask & answer "Here's a topic, what title should it have?" If that title is ambiguous, disambiguation guidelines ask & answer "for this title, is one of the topics primary?" For the non-primary topics, the conventions and guidelines combine to ask & answer "For the topic that we'd like to title X but can't because it's not primary for X, how should we qualify (or disambiguate) the title?" The qualifier is not there to direct readers. -- JHunterJ (talk) 18:49, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I would compare George Washington, which has a hatnote like the one I propose for the article on Abelard's Heloise. We don't title the article George Washington of Mount Vernon or George Washington (president) even though George Washington University (21343 visits in May 2013) and George Washington Carver (61,480 visits) are also well-trafficked. George Washington (347,532 visits) receives about five to six times as many visits as George Washington Carver—a ratio that in other PT discussions I've seen hasn't been regarded as overwhelming. By the same rationale, Abelard's Heloise is most commonly known in English simply as Heloise, while other people by that name can be disambiguated in obvious, useful ways, as the columnist or by a surname, as GW Carver is readily distinguished from GW himself, or the U distinguished GWU. For some reason, we've given Heloise's article an obscure, foreign-language title (Héloïse d'Argenteuil) that nobody would be typing in, and likewise created a redirect that requires a user to know she was an abbess, when the simplest, most reader-friendly course is to treat Abelard's Heloise as the primary topic for the mononym, and disambiguate all the other uses. The style guidelines are supposed to serve the communicative goals of the encyclopedia; the content is not supposed to exist for the sake of exemplifying MOS. Cynwolfe (talk) 19:32, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Some titles have primary topics. Some titles don't have a primary topic. It would be just as simple to treat the columnist as the primary topic and disambiguate all other uses. Since the criteria for selecting a primary topic don't clearly indicate either, thought, it would be just as simple to have the disambiguation page at the base name and disambiguate all uses. It sounds like you also have an issue with the title selected for Abelard's Heloise; that discussion on what to better title the article should take place at Talk:Héloïse d'Argenteuil, and/or you could boldly create an additional redirect such as Abelard's Heloise or Heloise (Abelard) or whatever. -- JHunterJ (talk) 19:39, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * The distinction is actually pretty simple. The president GW is the only person one would think of for the name George Washington.  But with Heloise, different readers are going to think of different people.  I'm sorry to be so ignorant of international literary stuff, but to me Heloise refers to author of "Hints from Heloise"; a lot of us over here are that provincial, sadly.  Dicklyon (talk) 20:46, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Cynwolfe, yes, the move proposal is proposing to make the abbess the primary topic. We do not have to assume that the proposer is correct just because they made the proposal. As far as I can tell, there is no such consensus. As for your assumption that the current title of the article about the abbess is do to some strain or other, it's irrelevant unless the abbess is the primary topic; "primary topicness" is not an award for having a hard-to-otherwise-title topic. Again, propose a better name and/or qualifier at Talk:Héloïse d'Argenteuil if you do not think the current title is suitable for the encyclopedia. Also, "having [title] at the beginning of the article name" is also not one of the criteria for primary topic. The columnist is easily identified as such (and is). The abbess is easily identified as such (and is). The disambiguation page can link to both of them (and does). -- JHunterJ (talk) 21:05, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I'm not wanting to beat this poor dead equine any longer, but this seems like a perfect example of A topic is primary for a term, with respect to long-term significance, if it has substantially greater enduring notability and educational value than any other topic associated with that term.  Heloise, of Abelard fame, has been known by that mononym in English since at least the 14th century; that is the nominator's point about the long list of cultural references (which could easily be quadrupled in length with an afternoon's research). Heloise the columnist is a 20th-century advice columnist, known mainly to Americans. I read Hints from Heloise in my grandpa's newspaper, long before I knew about Abelard losing his, ahem, head for the other Heloise, and WP helpfully labels her article as about Heloise the columnist. The woman known for centuries under the mononym is found under a foreign-language title (Héloïse d'Argenteuil) contrary to both MOS:Ety and MOS:FOREIGN, as well as being contrary to WP:UCN. The purpose of disambiguation is to avoid confusion of titles. But if in this case we follow the usual principles of naming, including the recognition of substantially greater enduring notability and educational value, and if Heloise becomes the title of the article on Abelard's lover, in keeping with centuries of English usage of this mononym, and if we place an "other people" hatnote at the top of the ur-Heloise's article, then all will be less confusing and ambiguous. So it is simple, but only if we call Abelard's lover by her usual, simple, English name and don't muck it up with pedantic obfuscation. And since I find myself repeating a ridiculous phrase I've already used once, I will sign off and give you gents the last word, with a sincere thank-you for the rigorous but extremely courteous discussion. Cynwolfe (talk) 22:33, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * You, too, Cynwolfe! The long-term significance is the best argument for the move, although I personally don't think it's clear-cut enough based on both criteria to !vote that way. -- JHunterJ (talk)

 * Mild oppose - Héloïse with the accents already directs to the French nun Héloïse d'Argenteuil so French-typing/linking users are served. But Anglicised as Heloise in English the name is simply ambiguous, and needs disambiguating. In ictu oculi (talk) 09:11, 28 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I suspect the primary meaning even with the H is Eloise (Paul Ryan song). The navigation between the various related DABs needs work but this isn't a move in the right direction. Andrewa (talk) 10:08, 28 July 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

SEE CONTINUING DISCUSSION

Disambiguation
I adjusted the disambiguation to work more like Abelard's redirect to Peter Abelard with a reference back to the StarTigerJLN (talk) 01:00, 8 February 2021 (UTC) (Reverted, move request initiated)StarTigerJLN (talk) 01:00, 8 February 2021 (UTC)

Requested move 7 February 2021

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: There is consensus that Héloïse is the primary topic of "Heloise", so this page should be moved to (disambiguation). Note: this move does not imply any consensus to move Héloïse. (t · c)  buidhe  22:03, 14 February 2021 (UTC)

Heloise → Heloise (disambiguation) – Heloise the scholar should have her own page without diacritics. Her disambiguation page should resemble Abelard to Peter Abelard's redirect and reference back to the disambig. She is a prominent 12th century philosopher and writer and the current setup inhibits scholarship. It's somehat disturbing that a prominent thinker's name redirects to a page mostly trying to sort her out from a household hints provider. StarTigerJLN (talk) 21:03, 7 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Note: See Talk:Héloïse for alternative to redirect HeloiseRedirect arrow without text.svgéloïse if this request is granted.  P.I. Ellsworth   ed.  put'r there 00:40, 8 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Support. Per |H%C3%A9lo%C3%AFse|Heloise_(columnist)|Heloise_(disambiguation)|Heloise_Bowles_Cruse|Heloise_Brainerd|Heloise_Hersey|Heloise_Guerin|Heloise_(Jimmy_Two-Shoes)|Heloise_and_the_Savoir_Faire page views, it seems pretty clear that the historical figure is the primary topic. older ≠ wiser 21:18, 7 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Clarify -- I support this proposal as presently framed to move the disambiguation and make Heloise a WP:PRIMARYREDIRECT to Héloïse. The move discussion at Talk:Héloïse was raised separately from this one, although they really should have been clubbed together older ≠ wiser 21:40, 7 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Strong oppose WP:FRMOS says that Héloïse stays at Héloïse. If you want to move dab page out and make Heloise a WP:PRIMARYREDIRECT to Héloïse fine. But what's that reason for stripping a French name? She wasn't British or American. In ictu oculi (talk) 21:33, 7 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Clarify -- ^ strong opposition above linked to alternate discussion in re: moving Héloïse; see inline support for making Heloise a redirect to Héloïse 2001:48F8:9021:472:F91F:302D:ECC:B731 (talk) 00:56, 8 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Initiatior: I myself prefer the primary redirect solution rather than moving Héloïse. However, the diacritics were not standard in medieval French or Latin (as her name was typically rendered), thus increasing the need for a redirect from Heloise without diacritics. StarTigerJLN (talk) 22:43, 7 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Support moving Heloise to Heloise (disambiguation) and redirecting Heloise to Héloïse. The medieval figure is clearly the primary topic. No comment on renaming Héloïse; both spellings are currently in wide use in scholarship, as a quick JSTOR search shows. blameless  23:41, 7 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Support making the French nun primary topic, per Blameless. The diacritics are a separate issue. 5440orSleep (talk) 09:17, 8 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Support redirecting Heloise to Héloïse and moving this page to Heloise (disambiguation). Clear primary redirect. -- Necrothesp (talk) 12:56, 8 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Support primary redirect as proposed. Diacritics can be dealt with separately. Srnec (talk) 01:17, 9 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Comment. Suggest closure of this discussion and primary redirect to Héloïse. Refraining from closing since I initiated the conversation. StarTigerJLN (talk) 20:46, 10 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Gentle reminder that move requests run for at least seven days. Since there has been some objection, this request should stay open for now.  P.I. Ellsworth   ed.  put'r there 00:16, 11 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Heloise (disambiguation)


text:
User talk:Ckape

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * You're late. Also, automated. Ckape 04:44, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Re: Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad
Hey, thanks for the help in adding to the DM&E page. I've added a bit more on the Powder River plans from a quick search this morning, and I'm submitting the article for a "Did You Know..." feature. slambo 15:10, Jan 5, 2005 (UTC)

Mailbox
Rmeier has responded to your message.

Trains?
Hey, I don't know anything about trains, but I'm trying to find someone that does. You see, many of the most requested articles are British Rail Class articles and EMD locomotives articles. To see the long list of wanted aricles, go to User:Gkhan/Mostwanted. Thanks for any help you can offer! --Dmcdevit 04:53, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia Help Survey
Hi there, my name's Peter Coombe and I'm a Wikimedia Community Fellow working on a project to improve Wikipedia's help system. At the moment I'm trying to learn more about how people use and find the current help pages. If you could help by filling out this brief survey about your experiences, I'd be very grateful. It should take less than 10 minutes, and your responses will not be tied to your username in any way.

Thank you for your time,

the wub (talk) 17:33, 14 June 2012 (UTC) (Delivered using Global message delivery)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 08:53, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Ckape


text:
Covering problems

In combinatorics and computer science, covering problems are computational problems that ask whether a certain combinatorial structure 'covers' another, or how large the structure has to be to do that. Covering problems are minimization problems and usually integer linear programs, whose dual problems are called packing problems.

The most prominent examples of covering problems are the set cover problem, which is equivalent to the hitting set problem, and its special cases, the vertex cover problem and the edge cover problem.

Covering problems allow the covering primitives to overlap; the process of covering something with non-overlapping primitives is called decomposition.

General linear programming formulation
In the context of linear programming, one can think of any minimization linear program as a covering problem if the coefficients in the constraint matrix, the objective function, and right-hand side are nonnegative. More precisely, consider the following general integer linear program: Such an integer linear program is called a covering problem if $$a_{ji}, b_j, c_i \geq 0$$ for all $$i=1,\dots,n$$ and $$j=1,\dots,m$$.

Intuition: Assume having $$n$$ types of object and each object of type $$i$$ has an associated cost of $$c_i$$. The number $$x_i$$ indicates how many objects of type $$i$$ we buy. If the constraints $$A\mathbf{x}\geq \mathbf{b}$$ are satisfied, it is said that $$\mathbf{x}$$ is a covering (the structures that are covered depend on the combinatorial context). Finally, an optimal solution to the above integer linear program is a covering of minimal cost.

Kinds of covering problems
There are various kinds of covering problems in graph theory, computational geometry and more; see Category:Covering problems. Other stochastic related versions of the problem can be found.

Covering in Petri nets
For Petri nets, the covering problem is defined as the question if for a given marking, there exists a run of the net, such that some larger (or equal) marking can be reached. Larger means here that all components are at least as large as the ones of the given marking and at least one is properly larger.

Rainbow covering
In some covering problems, the covering should satisfy some additional requirements. In particular, in the rainbow covering problem, each of the original objects has a "color", and it is required that the covering contains exactly one (or at most one) object of each color. Rainbow covering was studied e.g. for covering points by intervals:

 * There is a set J of n colored intervals on the real line, and a set P of points on the real line.
 * A subset Q of J is called a rainbow set if it contains at most a single interval of each color.
 * A set of intervals J is called a covering of P if each point in P is contained in at least one interval of Q.
 * The Rainbow covering problem is the problem of finding a rainbow set Q that is a covering of P.

The problem is NP-hard (by reduction from linear SAT).

Conflict-free covering
A more general notion is conflict-free covering. In this problem:

 * There is a set O of m objects, and a conflict-graph GO on O.
 * A subset Q of O is called conflict-free if it is an independent set in GO, that is, no two objects in Q are connected by an edge in GO.
 * A rainbow set is a conflict-free set in the special case in which GO is made of disjoint cliques, where each clique represents a color.

Conflict-free set cover is the problem of finding a conflict-free subset of O that is a covering of P. Banik, Panolan, Raman, Sahlot and Saurabh prove the following for the special case in which the conflict-graph has bounded arboricity:

 * If the geometric cover problem is fixed-parameter tractable (FPT), then the conflict-free geometric cover problem is FPT.
 * If the geometric cover problem admits an r-approximation algorithm, then the conflict-free geometric cover problem admits a similar approximation algorithm in FPT time.

authors: Угур Алекперов

title: Covering problems


text:
Fosca (band)

Fosca was a British band, combining indie pop songwriting with synthpop instrumentation. Initially, the band was formed by bassist Peter Theobalds and Orlando guitarist/lyricist Dickon Edwards (later guitarist for Spearmint) plus Orlando drummer David Gray, before settling into being a vehicle for Edwards and his songs. Over the next decade, Edwards fronted several (predominantly female) lineups of the band including guitarist Charley Stone (formerly of Gay Dad and later of The Priscillas). They released a total of three studio albums between 2000-2008. The band was named after the protagonist in Stephen Sondheim's Passion based upon the translation of Lawrence Venuti of the novel Fosca by Iginio Ugo Tarchetti, 1869. They received press coverage from The Independent.

History
The original version of Fosca was founded in the summer of 1997 as a hard rock side project by Dickon Edwards, then concurrently the guitarist and lyricist for the Romo band Orlando, together with Orlando's live drummer David Gray and a bass player named Peter Theobalds. Edwards recruited laddish lead vocalist Sav in what he would later describe as "an experiment of the Laddish Lion lying down with the Limp-wristed Lamb.". This line-up performed five concerts between September 1997 and February 1998 - the first two predating Dickon's final appearance with Orlando, which he left to concentrate on Fosca. The final concert featured Charley Stone as guest guitarist.

They also recorded four tracks for a putative EP, one of which, The Leopard Of Lime Street would, later in 1998, feature on a volume of the sampler album series "Snakebite City" on Bluefire Records. In February 1998, Dickon removed Sav from the band as he felt the singer, "through not being an immediately apparent misfit, with consummate irony didn’t fit in Fosca." Initially, David Barnett, the future Suede biographer auditioned to replace Sav, however by April 1998 Theobalds and Gray had drifted away to a new band Akercocke, while Stone was otherwise committed to the band Gay Dad.

After several months of inactivity, a new version of Fosca debuted on Friday 25 September 1998 at Queeruption in London. From this point forward, Dickon himself became the frontman for the band. For the first show, the band included seven members, while the next, on New Year's Eve 1998, featured only three. In early 1999, Fosca made their first attempt at recording debut album On Earth To Make The Numbers Up at Riverside Studios in Hammersmith, London. This was eventually aborted after the budget ran out and one track, Storytelling Johnny was accidentally wiped by the DAT recording machine. However, one track from these sessions, File Under Forsaken, would later be released as the lead track for Fosca's debut single Nervous, London along with two additional tracks featuring Rachel Stevenson on folk-style lead vocals.

The remaining eight songs for the album were rerecorded in 2000 with a new synth-based sound not dissimilar to that of Orlando, and released, still under the title On Earth To Make The Numbers Up, and preceded by the single The Agony Without the Ecstasy on Shinkansen Recordings (an offshoot of Sarah Records who in early 1995 had released the Reproduction Is Pollution EP by Orlando under the alternative name Shelley). By this time, the band had stabilized into Dickon Edwards on vocals and guitar, Rachel Stevenson on keyboards and vocals, Alex Sharkey also on keyboards and vocals and Sheila B on cello. In 2001 the band released Supine On The Astroturf as the first single from their second album. By the time follow-up single Secret Crush On Third Trombone and the parent album Diary Of An Antibody were recorded and released in 2002, Sharkey had been replaced by Kate Dornan, formerly the editor of Orlando website Orlando Magic.

After a gap of some six years due to the collapse of Shinkansen, Fosca signed with the Swedish independent record label But Is It Art?, on which they released a live album in 2007, followed by their third studio album The Painted Side of the Rocket in Sweden on 5 March 2008. UK release on 28 April. The label also released a book of Dickon's lyrics for Fosca and Orlando, ''The Portable Dickon Edwards. Lyrics and Other Alibis 1993-2008''. By then, the current line-up was Dickon Edwards on vocals and guitar, Rachel Stevenson on keyboards and vocals, Kate Dornan on keyboards and vocals, Tom Edwards on guitar and former member Charley Stone returning to perform live on guitar. A further single, "The Man I'm Not Today" / "My Diogenes Heart" was released later in 2008. Dickon disbanded Fosca in March 2009, with the final concert being at Klubb Republik in Norrköping, Sweden on 14 March.

Studio albums

 * On Earth to Make the Numbers Up (Shrinkhansen, 2000)
 * Diary of an Antibody (Shrinkhansen, 2002)
 * The Painted Side of the Rocket (But Is It Art?, 2008)

Live albums

 * Fosca in Concert (But Is It Art?, 2007)

EPs

 * Nervous, London (Something Velvet, 1999)
 * The Agony Without the Ecstasy (Shrinkhansen, 2000)
 * Supine on the Astroturf (Shrinkhansen, 2001)
 * Secret Crush on the Third Trombone (Shrinkhansen, 2002)
 * The Man I'm Not Today (But Is It Art?, 2008)

Compilations

 * Snakebite City (Bluefire, 1998)
 * 1.The Leopard of Lime Street

title: Fosca (band)


text:
User talk:Acb

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Smith Street

 * Hello Acb,
 * (Do you mind horizontal lines at all?)
 * I really like the History and Geography headings for Smith Street. That's something we didn't do before for any of the streets in the Hoddle Grid, or for Acland Street.
 * Thank you.
 * Do become part of the WikiProject Melbourne. I like all your Fitzroy and alternative/independent music articles.
 * EuropracBHIT 13:05, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC).

melboune
you removed missy higgins from notable melburnians and i disagree with that. im not saying that i think she is an overly great melburnian. what i am saying is that half of the people on that list are washed up no-bodies. e.g. i would hardly consider Germaine Greer and Michael Leunig notable. and i dont think it is for you to say that someone else isn't. Xtra 14:00, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Article length
I've noticed a bunch of your stubs getting shorter and shorter lately - if some of the latest ones were any shorter, they'd be speedy deletion candidates. As they're on fairly obscure topics, the odds of many of these being expanded in the near future are not good. Do you think you'd be able to write at least a couple of sentences and a list of members? Ambi 07:02, 23 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Cave Clan
Howdy Acb,

I'm just starting to slightly get a grasp of Wikipedia.

Thanks for the Cave Clan stuff.

I only got involved when someone pointed out that the Tunnel Rats were changing things.

I changed a couple of things slightly and added more regarding Brian McHugh and Alf Saddlier... hmmm, maybe it is one 'd'... I'll have to check.

I'm not sure about adding references to newspaper/mags so delete them if it's not the done thing.

I slightly changed the Il Draino bit as I don't make them any more. They may have appeared in a shop in High St Northcote once, but that was only a trial period of 3 months where as The Cave Clan Mag which is made more for the general public is sold in the type of shops you mention in the Cave Clan post.

I also deleted the extra external links as the Sydney Cave Clan are a seperate group to Cave Clan nowdays and the Tunnel Rats link... well, does it need any explaining :)

Please feel free to correct anything I add as I may have made a few gramatical errors and typos.

Cheers,

Doug

It's definitely Saddlier, I doubt the man himself would have mispelled his name :)

Cheers ent

Jihad Against America
I have added a "" template to the article Jihad Against America, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but I don't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and I've explained why in the deletion notice (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may contest the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached.--Dan027 01:25, 10 December 2006 (UTC)

Mortshire
I have added a "" template to the article Mortshire, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but I don't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and I've explained why in the deletion notice (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia, or, if you disagree with the notice, discuss the issues at its talk page. Removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, but the article may still be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached, or if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria. Fang Aili talk 20:16, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

Greg Wadley
A tag has been placed on Greg Wadley, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article appears to be about a person, group of people, band, club, company, or web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not assert the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable.

If you think that you can assert the notability of the subject, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would confirm the subject's notability under Wikipedia guidelines.

For guidelines on specific types of articles, you may want to check out our criteria for biographies, for web sites, for bands, or for companies. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Reinistalk 11:21, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

Tugboat (band)
A template has been added to the article Tugboat (band), suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice explains why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may contest the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. If you endorse deletion of the article, and you are the only person who has made substantial edits to the page, please tag it with db-author. Oo7565 17:50, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Ninetynine
A tag has been placed on Ninetynine requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a band, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not indicate the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for musical topics.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on |the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Ase nine  (talk) (contribs)  17:15, 22 January 2008 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Origami (band)
A tag has been placed on Origami (band) requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a band, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not indicate the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for musical topics.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on |the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Ase nine  (talk) (contribs)  17:16, 22 January 2008 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Popemobile (band)
A tag has been placed on Popemobile (band) requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a band, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is notable: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not indicate the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for musical topics.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on |the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Ase nine  (talk) (contribs)  17:18, 22 January 2008 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of 3CR
A tag has been placed on 3CR, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G11 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article seems to be blatant advertising which only promotes a company, product, group, service or person and would need to be fundamentally rewritten in order to become an encyclopedia article. Please read our the guidelines on spam as well as the Business' FAQ for more information.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on |the article's talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. - Mike Beckham (talk) 13:23, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

Minimum Chips
Another editor has added the  template to the article Minimum Chips, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the  template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 07:00, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

Season (band)
Another editor has added the  template to the article Season (band), suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the  template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 07:00, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

Letraset (band)
Another editor has added the  template to the article Letraset (band), suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the  template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 07:59, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

Panel of Judges
Another editor has added the  template to the article Panel of Judges, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but the editor doesn't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and has explained why in the article (see also What Wikipedia is not and Notability). Please either work to improve the article if the topic is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia or discuss the relevant issues at its talk page. If you remove the  template, the article will not be deleted, but note that it may still be sent to Articles for deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. BJBot (talk) 07:59, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

AfD nomination of This Is A Heavy Product
I have nominated This Is A Heavy Product, an article you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/This Is A Heavy Product. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time. Do you want to opt out of receiving this notice?  Dei z  talk 04:47, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Sleepy Township
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article Sleepy Township, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process

All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised because, even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. UnitedStatesian (talk) 15:54, 12 January 2009 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Acb! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to insure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. if you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 20:33, 8 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Richard Lowenstein -

Articles for deletion nomination of Italo house
I have nominated Italo house, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Italo house. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Ridernyc (talk) 10:32, 8 March 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Cecil G. Murgatroyd

The article Cecil G. Murgatroyd has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Tagged as hoax; see talk

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. — KuyaBriBri Talk 21:19, 5 November 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of The Salteens for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article The Salteens is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/The Salteens until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on good quality evidence, and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. Jay Σεβαστός discuss  22:15, 19 March 2011 (UTC)

Nomination of Orlando (band) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Orlando (band) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Orlando (band) until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. Hiding T 16:34, 16 October 2012 (UTC)

Nomination of The Take (Welsh band) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article The Take (Welsh band) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/The Take (Welsh band) until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Wgolf (talk) 01:29, 3 September 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:50, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Steady Cam Records

The article Steady Cam Records has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "No indication that subject meets WP:GNG or WP:NCORP notability guidelines"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Jmertel23 (talk) 14:33, 14 February 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Acb


text:
Wipptal

The Wipp Valley  (Wipptal) is an Alpine valley in Tyrol, Austria and in South Tyrol, Italy, running between Innsbruck and Franzensfeste. The Brenner Pass (1,374 m) at the Austro-Italian border divides it into the northern, Austrian Lower Wipp Valley (Unteres Wipptal) and the southern, Italian Upper Wipp Valley (Oberes Wipptal). The Lower Wipp Valley extends along the Sill River southward from Innsbruck, where the Sill meets the larger Inn River, up to the Brenner Pass. South of the border, the Upper Wipp Valley stretches along the Eisack River by way of Sterzing to Franzensfeste. It forms the Wipptal District of the province of South Tyrol.

The Brenner Autobahn (motorway) (A13 in Austria, A22 in Italy) passes through the valley, beginning with the Europa Bridge near Innsbruck. It is an important road connection across the Alps, forming part of the connection between Munich and Verona. The inhabitants of the Wipp Valley have been complaining for years about the volume of traffic. The Brenner railway also runs through the valley. The proposed Brenner Base Tunnel would remove all long-distance trains from the valley.

Wipptal was politically and culturally united in the County of Tyrol and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen up to the Treaty of St Germain in 1920.

title: Wipptal


text:
Pontia gens

The gens Pontia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Few members of this gens rose to prominence in the time of the Republic, but the Pontii flourished under the Empire, eventually attaining the consulship. Pontius Pilatus, as prefect of Judaea, is known for his role in the execution of Jesus.

Origin
The Pontii were of Samnite origin, and are first mentioned in connection with the Samnite Wars, after which some of them removed to Rome. Their nomen, Pontius, is a patronymic surname derived from the Oscan praenomen Pontus or Pomptus, cognate with the Latin praenomen Quintus. Thus, Pontius is the Samnite equivalent of the Roman gentes Quinctia and Quinctilia. Alternatively, it may be connected to the Latin word pons (bridge) and mean "bridge builder".

Branches and cognomina
The only surname borne by the Pontii of the Republic is Aquila, an eagle. Various cognomina are found in imperial times.

Members

 * Pontius Cominius, a young soldier who volunteered to convey a message from the army to the senate, following the Battle of the Allia, when the Capitol was besieged by the Gauls. Floating down the river on some driftwood until he reached the Capitol, he asked that Marcus Furius Camillus, who was then in exile, be nominated dictator.
 * Herennius Pontius, an aged resident of Caudium at the time of the Roman surrender in 321 BC, who advised the victorious Samnites either to release the Romans unharmed, or put them to the sword, concluding that imposing terms of peace on a conquered army would only lead the Romans to return seeking revenge.
 * Gaius Pontius Herenni f., the Samnite leader who engineered the entrapment of a Roman army at the Caudine Forks in 321 BC. In Roman literary tradition, he imposed peace terms on the defeated army against his father's advice, and was later himself captured and beheaded by the Romans in revenge, but this is thought to be ahistorical.
 * Pontius, a friend of Scipio Aemilianus.
 * Pontius Telesinus, a Samnite leader during the Social War, and an opponent of Sulla during the Roman civil war of 82 BC. He attempted to raise Sulla's siege of Praeneste, but was defeated and killed at the Battle of the Colline Gate.
 * Pontius Telesinus, younger brother of the Samnite leader, was besieged at Praeneste by Sulla. He attempted to arrange the escape of Marius the Younger, but finding their passage guarded, they fell by their own hands.
 * Titus Pontius, a centurion mentioned by Cicero on account of his great strength. He may be the same person as the Pontius mentioned by Lucilius.
 * Pontius Titinianus, a son of Quintus Titinius, who was adopted by one of the Pontii. Cicero asserts that he joined Caesar out of fear on the outbreak of the Civil War, which if correct would distinguish him from the soldier later captured by Scipio.
 * Pontius, a soldier serving under Caesar, was captured by Metellus Scipio during the Civil War, and urged to go over to the side of Pompeius; but he stated that he would prefer death to betraying Caesar.
 * Lucius Pontius, supported Caecilius, uncle of Pomponius Atticus, in a property dispute.
 * Pontius Aquila, tribune of the plebs in 45 BC, annoyed Julius Caesar by not standing up during his triumphal procession, and afterwards became one of Caesar's assassins. He became a legate of fellow conspirator Decimus Brutus Albinus in Cisalpine Gaul, and was slain at the Battle of Mutina against the forces of Mark Antony.
 * Lucius Pontius Aquila, a pontifex at Sutrium in an undetermined period. He may be identical with the assassin of Julius Caesar.
 * Pontius, a companion of Marcus Antonius, whom Cicero excoriated in his Philippics.
 * Pontius, punished with castration by Publius Cerennius, after the latter discovered him in the act of adultery with his wife.
 * Pontius Aufidianus, learned that his daughter's tutor had allowed a certain Fannius Saturninus to deflower her, he put both the slave and his daughter to death.
 * Pontius Lupus, a man of equestrian rank, who lost his eyesight, but continued as an advocate in the law courts.
 * Pontius Pilatus, prefect of Judaea from AD 26 to 36, during the reign of Tiberius. He is today best known for the execution of Jesus.
 * Pontius Fregellanus, a senator, deprived of his rank for aiding in the adulteries of Albucilla, in AD 36.
 * Gaius Petronius Pontius Nigrinus, consul in AD 37, the year in which Tiberius died.
 * Pontia Postumia, murdered by Octavius Sagitta, tribune of the plebs in AD 58, having broken off their engagement. Sagitta was banished to an island.
 * Pontia, the wife of Petronius, who was put to death as one of the conspirators against Nero. Pontia poisoned her children, and opened her veins.
 * Pontius Laelianus, mentioned in the testamentum Dasumii, perhaps the father of Marcus Pontius Laelianus, the consul of AD 145.
 * Marcus Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus, consul suffectus for the months of July and August, AD 145.
 * Marcus Pontius (M. f.) Sabinus, consul in AD 153.
 * Marcus Pontius M. f. Laelianus, consul in AD 163.
 * Marcus Pontius (M. f. M. n.) Varanus Sabinus, perhaps the son of Marcus Pontius Sabinus, consul in AD 153.
 * Pontius Proculus Pontianus, consul in AD 238.
 * Pontius, a deacon of the early Church at Carthage, was the friend and companion of Cyprian. He authored a work on the life and martyrdom of Cyprian, which was much praised by Jerome, but it is not clear whether the Vita et Passione Sancti Cypriani that has survived is the original text.
 * Mericius Pontius Anicius Paulinus, bishop of Nola from AD 409 until his death in 431. He authored a number of letters and some poems that are still extant, some lost religious tracts, and apparently the Passio Sancti Genesii, or "Passion of Saint Genesius".

title: Pontia gens


text:
User talk:Robertson

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Remember Neutral point of view
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

[[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]]

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Wikipedia Campus Ambassadors wanted in Troy, Alabama
Hi! I'm leaving you this message because you're listed as a Wikipedian in Alabama. The Wikipedia Ambassador Program is currently looking for Campus Ambassadors to help with Wikipedia assignments at Troy University, which will be participating in the Public Policy Initiative for the Spring 2011 semester. The role of Campus Ambassadors will be to provide face-to-face training and support for students on Wikipedia-related skills (how to edit articles, how to add references, etc.). This includes doing in-class presentations, running workshops and labs, possibly holding office hours, and in general providing in-person mentorship for students.

Prior Wikipedia skills are not required for the role, as training will be provided for all Campus Ambassadors (although, of course, being an experienced editor is a plus).

I know Alabama is a big state, but if you happen to live near Troy and you are interested in being a Wikipedia Campus Ambassador, or know someone else from Troy who might be, please email me or leave a message on my talk page.--Sage Ross - Online Facilitator, Wikimedia Foundation (talk) 16:15, 6 December 2010 (UTC)

File source and copyright licensing problem with File:Panthers 1.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Panthers 1.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, then a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a restatement of that website's terms of use of its content, is usually sufficient information. However, if the copyright holder is different from the website's publisher, their copyright should also be acknowledged.

As well as adding the source, we also need to know the terms of the license that the copyright holder has published the file under, usually done by adding a licensing tag. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their source and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have created [ in your upload log]. Unsourced and untagged files may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the file is copyrighted under a non-free license (per Fair use) then the file will be deleted 48 hours after 22:42, 2 May 2011 (UTC). If the file is already gone, you can still make a request for undeletion and ask for a chance to fix the problem. You may wish to read the Wikipedia's image use policy. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Eeekster (talk) 22:42, 2 May 2011 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Greasy watermelon

The article Greasy watermelon has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * A non-notable activity. I went online and searched for it, but I could only find Facebook and YouTube videos of kids doing it, and isn't a professional sport.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Zappa (talk) 02:16, 3 April 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Robertson


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mighty Taco

Mighty Taco
Non-notable, even if good tacos. --jpgordon {yammer} 23:16, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I agree. Delete as non-notable, even though I'm suddenly hungry.  Joyous 00:08, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. POV ranting. jni 10:31, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, following Jni; but I got a good laugh from the POV description of the clientele. — Bill 13:00, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete: There is a pizza place in Chapel Hill where the workers have a 2 piercing minimum and no visible hair in less than four colors. Great place to see the pseudohip and the desperate people who have no conversation outside of their CD collections. Geogre 03:47, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable. NeoJustin 19:36, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC)


text:
DFP

DFP may stand for:

 * Dominica Freedom Party
 * Data Facility Product, an IBM program product for MVS, and later a component of Data Facility Storage Management Subsystem for MVS
 * Davidon-Fletcher-Powell formula in mathematical optimization
 * Decimal floating point
 * Defensive fighting position, a military term
 * Department of Finance and Personnel
 * VESA Digital Flat Panel
 * Diisopropylfluorophosphate
 * Doriot, Flandrin & Parant, a French car manufacturer.
 * Downstream-facing port, sends data downstream
 * Dysfunctional Family Picnic, a series of US rock concerts
 * DoubleClick for Publishers, merged into Google Ad Manager
 * Disgraced Former President, a pejorative term for presidents forced to resign following a Special Annual Meeting of a society or club at UK universities.

title: DFP


text:
Talk:Henri Charrière

Biography assessment rating comment
The article may be improved by following the WPBiogaphy 11 easy steps to producing at least a B article. -- Edofedinburgh 01:42, 29 March 2007 (UTC)

The link on El Dorado leads to a disambiguation page that makes no mention of Venezuelan prisons. I very much doubt that this link is correct, but I have no idea what the correct link should be.

Whoops: Google comes up with "the El Dorado colony prison in south eastern Bolivar State", so, it looks like the disambiguation page is incomplete.

Columbia to Colombia
I changed Columbia (the name of several cities in the US) to Colombia (the name of the South American country). (unsigned comment)

Paragraphs
Add some paragraphs somewhere maybe? (unsigned comment)

After Papillon
There's a second book by Henri Charriere called Banco. It mentions that at some stage his crimes in france passed their statute of limitations and he could return. Therefore the last line in this article is incorrect. Perhaps someone could add this data in? 219.73.49.226
 * Done.Davidhs0 (talk) 18:06, 5 June 2022 (UTC)

El Dorado link incorrect
Could someone, please, edit the main article to change the link for "El Dorado" from the tale about the missing gold to El Dorado Prison? It won't let me edit the main article. Sbrobin 16:08, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Done! Verne Equinox 15:39, 4 November 2006 (UTC)

Butterfly tattoo
I am currently reading Papillon, and in it Charrière claims the tattoo is on his lower back. (unsigned comment)
 * The butterfly tattoo was on his chest. He had about a half dozen or so. (unsigned comment)
 * So I conclude there really is no conclusive evidence either way, or is there? Extremely sexy 17:37, 29 March 2007 (UTC)
 * There is a picture of him with his shirt open on the back cover of the book that I have. It's on his chest. You can see the beginnings of some others, but you can't make them out. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 70.186.172.75 (talk) 17:52, 29 March 2007 (UTC).
 * Then the article is wrong I suppose? Extremely sexy 18:03, 29 March 2007 (UTC)
 * It only talks about the butterfly tattoo, which is correct as far as it goes, just not complete. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 70.186.172.75 (talk) 09:47, 7 April 2007 (UTC).

"I rose, taking off my jacket. As I did so, she saw the butterfly tattoed low on my back - it showed in the opening of my shirt. She looked more closely, and then finding other tattooes she took my shirt off herself to see them better. All of them, men and women too, were deeply interested in the designs on my chest; on the right, a soldier of a punishment-battalion; on the left, a woman's face; on my backbone, a big crucified sailor; and right across the lower part of my back, a tiger-hunt with hunters, palm-trees, elephants and tigers". From the book (page 157). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.109.76.160 (talk) 14:35, 24 September 2007 (UTC)

The DVD of the 1973 film "Papillon" includes a documentary (of the "Making of..." genre) which includes an interview with Henri Charrière himself, shot on location. In this Charrière is wearing an open-necked shirt, and a butterfly tattoo is clearly visible (in the same location as Steve McQueen is shown as having it in the film). So presumably, he has more than one. Velada 06:01, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

The book was translated from French. Perhaps there was a mistranslation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.98.249.85 (talk) 21:12, 18 December 2007 (UTC)

Framed?
I'm not sure that "framed for the murder of a pimp" is correct. Obviously according to Charrière he was framed but so are most crooks! —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Ozwebfx (talk • contribs) 12:27, 17 January 2007 (UTC). Ozwebfx 12:28, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

Read the news. There seems to be an inordinant number of imprisoned folks who are later found to be innocent. Also, read!!!!!! Read of the prosecutors found to have withheld evidence that indicated a suspect who was found guilty was actually innocent. READ!!!!!! Read of the law enforcement officials from local small-town cop to FBI agents who have been found perjuring themselves in the court room. Placing undue faith in any bureaucracy is a juvenile way of looking at life. 68.13.191.153 05:41, 17 March 2007 (UTC)
 * I did read. And while he claims innocence, he does not shy away from murder at any time during his imprisonment. Like most cons, he claims innocent, but based on his behavior, it does seem likely that he was guilty as charged. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 70.186.172.75 (talk) 17:02, 29 March 2007 (UTC).

I changed the bit pertaining to his conviction to reflect that while he was found guilty, he claimed he was innocent. I think this is the fair way to go, since both of these points are verifiable. intooblv 05:28, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Good job, man. Extremely sexy 10:58, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

Rene Belbenoit connection
Those of you interested in Charriere may want to read some books by Rene Belbenoit, another convict who escaped from French Guiana. His first novel was Dry Guillotine, published in 1938 (much earlier than Charriere's novel, published in 1969). It is fascinating to compare books as they share many of the same anecdotes, such as the story of the Masked Breton and the cannibals' break (which Belbenoit took part in). --Bobogoat 16:06, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

Early life and conviction
"After a brief imprisonment in Caen he was sent to the penal colony in French Guiana."

Caen is in French Guiana, and there was a prison there. He was sent to the island prisons (Illes Du Salut - Royale, St. Joseph and Devil's Island. So this sentence needs changing. --Bobogoat 10:14, 15 July 2007 (UTC)

I think you're confused: Caen is in Normandy, France. Cayenne is in French Guiana. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.45.59.30 (talk • contribs)

Thanks, you may be right, I thought Caen may have been an alternate spelling for Cayenne. I can't remember the name of where Charriere was incarcerated in France - I'll check and edit the article accordingly. --Bobogoat 12:56, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

Ok, edited to reflect he was imprisoned in Caen, France and then went to mainland French Guiana and then the islands. --Bobogoat 15:28, 20 August 2007 (UTC)

Tattoo
In the article it says that his nickname was due to a tatoo of a butterfly on his chest. Although he has a butterfly tattoo on his chest in the movie, in the book he has a tattoo of a tiger on his chest instead (and a butterfly tattoo on his lower back). In the movie he gives the Indian Chief a tattoo of a butterfly where as in the book he gives the indian chief a tattoo of a tiger. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.109.76.160 (talk) 06:44, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Please quote the page number where it says this. This picture from the back cover of a Papillon edition clearly shows the butterfly tattoo on his chest.--Bobogoat 16:37, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

BS! The Person who translated the book into English must have been confused with the Tatoos! The French version makes it clear that the butterfly was on his chest. Also he tatooed the Indian chief the tiger, not a butterfly. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.2.244.28 (talk) 11:59, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Also, you must make a distinction between Papillon in real life and the fictional Papillon in the book. The two characters could well be different. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.143.75.103 (talk) 13:11, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

Correction(s)
''The trio were originally sentenced to five years, with three additional years added for the attempted murder of the hospital guards they knocked out in their escape attempt. Charriere was able to prove that the claims were false, thus resulting in the shorter two year sentence.'' Incorrect, they were never sentenced to 5 years, so this sentence will be changed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bobogoat (talk • contribs) 17:33, 8 September 2007 (UTC) In Colombia, they received help along the way from a remarkable island of lepers - the lepers helped them in mainland French Guiana, not in Columbia. --Bobogoat 18:04, 15 September 2007 (UTC) More corrections.... ''In 1933, Charrière successfully escaped from a hospital on the mainland with three companions Louis Dega, Joanes Clusiot and Fernandez Maturette, sailed along the coast via Trinidad and Curaçao to Riohacha. In Colombia, they received help along the way from a remarkable island of lepers, a compassionate British family and many others. During this time, three additional escapees joined the trio on their journey to Colombia.'' - there were 2 companions, Clousiot (not Clusiot, unless your translation is different to mine) and Maturette. Neither of their first names are given in the book (correct me if I am wrong). --Bobogoat 18:04, 15 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but there are separate articles about all of them and every source does say "Clusiot" anyway, my dear friend. Extremely sexy 12:36, 17 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Please specify these sources (besides the linked Wikipedia articles). I know the book intimately, and I am positive that neither Maturette's nor Clousiot's first names are given. Point me to the page number and or paragraph in the Papillon book which specifies their first names. Furthermore, the "Clusiot" and "Fernandez Maturette" articles were full of mistakes so I assume whoever authored them is unfamiliar with Charriere/Papillon. And Louis Dega did not take part in this escape, nor any escape in Papillon. --Bobogoat 17:25, 18 September 2007 (UTC)
 * So then you should correct all those articles. Extremely sexy 14:50, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

Maturette's first name is given in the book. However, it is André. (It is given when he and Papillon are being entertained in the British colony (Trinidad), and Papillon comments on his reaction to the girls addressing them as "Monsieur Henri" and "Monsieur André". Clousiot is in the hospital at this point, since he has a broken leg not a party to this conversation.) - Velada 06:09, 27 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Quite right, thanks for that --Bobogoat 12:33, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

Further comments on names
1) 'Clousiot's' full name is given as 'Joanes Clousiot' (pg. 75)
 * Same with my translation, thanks for the confirmation --Bobogoat 12:33, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

2) Although Maturette's prénom is given as André as I mentioned above (on pg. 122), it is not given in conjunction with Maturette as a surname. Since 'Maturette' could be translated as 'Little Ripe One' (and Charrière repeatedly describes Maturette as being found young and attractive by other homosexuals)I am concerned that we are dealing with a nickname here. i.e.'Maturette' corresponds to 'Papillon' rather than to 'Charrière'.

3) This discussion may be irrelevant anyway - Patrick O'Brian, who translates my copy of "Papillon" into Engish, states As a matter of principle we have changed the names of all the convicts warders and governors of the prison services, the book's intention being not to attack individuals but to describe given characters and a given community (pp. 13-4)

So are we just discussing pseudonyms anyway? If these are pseudonyms, is it appropriate to have separate Wiki articles on these people?

Does anyone have either the French edition, or one by another translator, to compare the names used there?

My above citations refer to the 2005 Harper Perennial edition of "Papillon" Velada 22:28, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

Removal of emotive words
In an attempt to make this read like more of an encyclopedic article and not an opinion piece, I have removed numerous emotive words like "astounding" and "tragic." --Bobogoat 17:33, 18 September 2007 (UTC)

Veracity of autobiography
Records were kept due to bureaucracy in France at the time. Doesn't anyone have access to these? There must be documents from the 20's and 30's that could be used for research? This would be extremely helpful for verifying his escapes. Arvid Stolt (talk) 20:01, 12 July 2008 (UTC)

On a number of interviews around the time of the release of the Steve McQueen movie, Mr Charriere said he may have got some of the details wrong but most of the Book was true. He also was vitriolic in his criticism of the support given by the French Police and Government to the Nazis' in WW2. So it is understandable that they had little good to say about him.Johnwrd (talk) 00:20, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

2 Names (help please)
Hello, There are two names in charrier's story, real life names, and fate of which is unknown.

1- Maturette. A wikipedian above tells that this name was a nichname rather then family name. Who was his real name, and what happened to him?

2- André Baillard. His real name is Eugene Boyer, he survives the guillotine on the day of President Doumer's assasination. The happening is real. What happenes Boyer after his deportation to cayenne? Does anyone know it?

Thnx. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.133.129.16 (talk) 12:59, 25 December 2008 (UTC)

Life On The Islands
I'm just wondering, does anyone else find the descriptions of the prisoners lives on the islands and the mainland almost more fascinating then the escapes. It shows the mental strength that Charriere and others must have had just to make it through year on year.

Some of the stories like the sharks appearing when the bell rang for funerals or how men carried charges up their rectums and were frequently murdered for them.Also the reasons why others had been sentenced is beyond belief today, Clousiot had been given hard labour for stealing a push bike !! The will to survive must have immense.

I read a very old interview with Charriere a friend had in a french paper from the early seventies and he did admit that the book whilst true 95% he was asked to make some of the other adventures his own by the publishers as they didn't want to fill out the book with others stories, but most of his escapes like from the hospital etc were real. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.86.71.241 (talk) 13:21, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

Problems
There's a couple of problems with this. First, the "Imprisonment" section has much the same content as the "Synopsis" section of the Book page; the logical thing to do would be to reduce one to a summary and add a main article link. But second, it says here that most of the events in Papillon didn’t happen to Charriere at all; that it is at best an amalgam of several different peoples experiences, and at worst a fabrication. So, I propose we remove all details not corroborated by a separate source, and leaving a link to the book for anyone who wishes to know more. Any thoughts? Swanny18 (talk) 18:10, 27 July 2010 (UTC)

 * OK, there's been no reply here, or any opinions expressed, so I've gone ahead and done this. The book information has been summarized, and a link provided; and I've added what I can find about his actual time there (which isn't much), with a source. Swanny18 (talk) 17:12, 26 August 2010 (UTC)

= Guyana? == The article is treating French Guiana and Guyana as if they were the same. I believe Guyana was British Guiana, no? 72.229.55.38 (talk) 03:21, 30 November 2010 (UTC)

inappropriate format
I think todays article is very far from NPOV, the "documentation" showing he was guilty is non-existant. I think it would be more fair to write the article as though the autobiography was true and add a section on disputes/criticism/whatever.--84.208.113.245 (talk) 02:28, 10 December 2010 (UTC)

1990s BBC documentary
A 1990s BBC documentary about Devil's Island never mentioned Henri Charrière (from a television series about famous prisons) Dickie birdie (talk) 14:31, 15 April 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Henri Charrière. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130109014143/http://www.jornalorebate.com/colunistas2/pla1.htm to http://www.jornalorebate.com/colunistas2/pla1.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 19:18, 31 March 2017 (UTC)

== How many years?

title: Talk:Henri Charrière


text:
Talk:List of mountains on the Moon

Untitled
I began converting the list of mountains & ranges into a slightly more useful table format. RJH 23:22, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Okay it's done. RJH 23:19, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of mountains on the Moon


text:
Skankin' Pickle

Skankin' Pickle was an American ska punk band formed in San Jose, California that was active from 1989 to 1997.

Biography
Skankin' Pickle first formed in December 1988, made up of students from Westmont High School and Los Gatos High School. The band played their first show on April 28, 1989, consisting of bassist and vocalist Mike Mattingly, saxophonist and vocalist Mike Park, guitarist and vocalist Lynette Knackstedt and drummer Chuck Phelps. The group recruited trombonist Lars Nylander several months later, then continued as a five-piece until the addition of second trombonist Gerry Lundquist in early 1990.

In 1991, Park formed Dill Records, based out of San Jose, California, to release Skankin' Pickle's material, beginning with their debut album, the half-live, half-studio Skafunkrastapunk. Dill Records would later go on to release early material by Mu330, Slapstick, The Rudiments and Less Than Jake. Throughout their career, Skankin' Pickle adhered to a strict independent ethic, performing only all-ages shows, $5–$7 cover charges and selling their CDs for no more than $8 (Park would carry this DIY ethos over to his future bands and record labels).

Skankin' Pickle toured full-time throughout the early 1990s, playing shows with such acts as Bad Manners, The Skatalites, Mustard Plug, Sublime, Let's Go Bowling, Cherry Poppin' Daddies, The Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Rancid, The Queers, Primus, Mr. Bungle, Bad Religion and Green Day. The band strove to make their live shows as energetic and entertaining as possible, with the members dancing manically about the stage and engaging in such antics as baton-twirling and onstage wrestling matches. In 1994, SF Weekly voted Skankin' Pickle as one of the best unsigned bands in the Bay Area.

The band released their final studio album, The Green Album, on Dr. Strange Records in 1996, a collection of cover songs and newly recorded versions of previously unreleased tracks. Shortly after its release, Mike Park chose to leave the band (news of which he announced in the album's liner notes), being replaced by Mike Liu of the Santa Clara ska punk band Janitors Against Apartheid. The group went through more member changes in the following months until only Knackstedt and Nylander remained from the "classic" line-up, though continued to perform as Skankin' Pickle for their final tour in Europe in June 1997. Following this tour, the title of Skankin' Pickle was retired as the current line-up (featuring former members of Monkey and The Rudiments) continued touring, re-inventing themselves as the ska punk/pop punk band the 78 RPM's.

Post Skankin' Pickle
Knackstedt and Nylander continued playing in the 78 RPM's, recording two albums before disbanding in 2003. Following his departure, Mike Park founded his own independent record label Asian Man Records and later went on to form the ska punk bands The Chinkees and The Bruce Lee Band before branching out as a solo acoustic artist. Gerry Lundquist became a member of the St. Louis ska punk ensemble Mu330 in 1996 and Jay Vance formed the robot-themed rock band Captured! by Robots.

Mike Mattingly created former band Neosoreskin and the Deviled Egg Heads Music label. He currently performs solo shows and continues to write, record and release albums under the name Tingly, including the acoustic album Beautiful View.

On December 7, 2007, Lynette Knackstedt died in San Francisco from a drug overdose. On April 19, 2008, a benefit show was held for her at 924 Gilman Street, featuring a number of local bands and headlined by Mike Park. The evening concluded with Park and Lundquist joining Monkey on stage and performing Skankin' Pickle songs. The benefit concert raised a net profit of nearly $2,000, which was donated to the Ohlhoff Recovery Programs, a Bay Area rehabilitation foundation.

On November 20, 2010, Park, Lundquist and Nylander, backed by the band Monkey, performed at the San Francisco stop of the Yo Gabba Gabba! live tour, playing a cover of the Marcia Griffiths/Bad Manners song "Feel Like Jumping".

Musical style
Skankin' Pickle was unique for their unconventional melding of various genres: though primarily recognized and categorized as ska punk, the group frequently utilized elements of traditional ska, punk, funk, hardcore punk, rock, metal, reggae, rap, hip-hop, speed metal and polka into their music. Though after the departure of front man Mike Mattingly, Mike Park was generally regarded as the front man, songwriting responsibilities were evenly distributed throughout the band; lead vocals were usually split between Park, Knackstedt, Nylander and Mattingly/Miller, though the remainder of the members had sung lead on at least one recording.

Lyrically, the band also showcased diversity, ranging from silly, comedy-oriented songs ("Fakin' Jamaican") to serious and sociopolitical ("Racist World"), promoting racial equality and unity, often touching upon then-current events such as David Duke's 1992 presidential campaign ("David Duke is Running For President") and the racial controversy surrounding Ice Cube's album Death Certificate ("Ice Cube, Korea Wants A Word With You"). Most of the latter songs were written by Park, who would continue to write about themes of anti-racism in The Chinkees, The B. Lee Band and his solo work.

References in other bands' work
On Alkaline Trio's Halloween at the Metro DVD, Matt Skiba references Skankin' Pickle while playing "Goodbye Forever": "Remember last April when we saw Skankin' Pickle; Somehow the singer showed the Fireside exactly how I feel"

Canadian punkers Fucked Up have a diss track about fellow Canadian rock band Billy Talent in which they reference Skankin' Pickle twice - a nod to Billy Talent's previous ska punk incarnation known as Pezz.

On Sublime's rarities box set Everything Under the Sun, front-man Bradley Nowell mentions Skankin' Pickle in an interview with WBCN Boston (Disc 2, Track 12):

WBCN - "...so, welcome to town. Playing TT's tonight, in Cambridge..."

Nowell - "With Sprung Monkey."

WBCN - "With Sprung Monkey?"

Nowell - "I mean Skankin' Pickle. I'm sorry, I always confuse the two."

WBCN - "Heh, heh, heh... It's easy to do..."

Nowell - "Skankin' Pickle is way better than Sprung Monkey..."

1989–1993

 * Lynette Knackstedt - guitar, vocals
 * Gerry Lundquist - slide trombone, vocals
 * Mike "Mr. Clean" Mattingly - bass, vocals
 * Lars "Slim" Nylander - valve trombone, vocals
 * Mike "Bruce Lee" Park - tenor saxophone, vocals
 * Chuck "Mod" Phelps - drums

1993–1996

 * Lynette Knackstedt - guitar, vocals
 * Gerry "Hulk Hogan"/"Lungs" Lundquist - slide trombone, vocals
 * Ian "Guru" Miller - bass, vocals
 * Lars Nylander - valve trombone, vocals
 * Mike "Bruce Lee" Park - saxophone, vocals
 * Chuck Phelps - drums

Post-Green Album (early 1996)

 * Lynette Knackstedt - guitar, vocals
 * Mike Park - saxophone, vocals
 * Gerry Lundquist - slide trombone, vocals
 * Jay Vance - bass, vocals
 * Lars Nylander - valve trombone, vocals
 * Chuck Phelps - drums

title: Skankin' Pickle


text:
Pinus merkusii

Pinus merkusii, the Merkus pine or Sumatran pine, is a pine native to the Malesia region of southeast Asia, and the only one that occurs naturally south of the equator.

Description
Pinus merkusii is a medium-sized to large tree, reaching 25 – tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 1 m. The bark is orange-red, thick and deeply fissured at the base of the trunk, and thin and flaky in the upper crown. The leaves ('needles') are in pairs, very slender, 15–20 cm long and less than 1 mm thick, green to yellowish green.

The cones are narrow conic, 5–8 cm long and 2 cm broad at the base when closed, green at first, ripening glossy red-brown. They open to 4–5 cm broad at maturity to release the seeds. The seeds are 5–6 mm long, with a 15–20 mm wing, and are wind-dispersed.

Related species
Pinus merkusii is closely related to the Tenasserim pine (P. latteri), which occurs farther north in southeast Asia from Myanmar to Vietnam; some botanists treat the two as conspecific (under the name P. merkusii, which was described first), but P. latteri differs in longer (18–27 cm) and stouter (over 1 mm thick) leaves and larger cones with thicker scales, the cones often remaining closed for some time after maturity. It is also related to the group of Mediterranean pines including Aleppo pine and Turkish pine, which share many features with it.

Distribution
It can be found mainly in Indonesia in the mountains of northern Sumatra, and with two outlying populations in central Sumatra on Mount Kerinci and Mount Talang, and in the Philippines on Mindoro and in the Zambales Mountains on western Luzon.

The population in central Sumatra, between 1° 40' and 2° 06' S latitude, is the only natural occurrence of any member of the Pinaceae south of the Equator. It generally occurs at moderate altitudes, mostly 400 –, but occasionally as low as 90 m and up to 2000 m.

title: Pinus merkusii


text: File:Movie Connie and Carla.jpg

title: File:Movie Connie and Carla.jpg


text:
User:Solocommand

Hey all, I'm solocommand. I work in IT as a Systems Technician, and I'm currently pursuing further education in that field. I am an avid gamer, and enjoy music, history, and science.

title: User:Solocommand