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Waverton railway station, Sydney

Waverton railway station is a heritage-listed railway station located on the North Shore line, serving the Sydney suburb of Waverton in New South Wales, Australia. It is served by Sydney Trains T1 North Shore line services. The station is located on Bay Road, Waverton, in the North Sydney Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed and built by New South Wales Department of Railways. It is also known as Waverton Railway Station group. The station was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

History
Present day Waverton Railway Station is located on the North Shore line, between Wollstonecraft and North Sydney railway stations. The "North Shore" of Sydney can be defined as a relatively narrow strip of land extending from Milsons Point to Waitara, a distance of approximately 20 km.

In 1887, tenders were called for construction of a branch line extending south from Hornsby to the North Shore. The 16.8 km section between Hornsby and St Leonards was opened on 1 January 1890. Stations provided at the opening of the line included Chatswood and St Leonards. A single line was constructed at the time. The line between St Leonards and Milsons Point (the terminus at the edge of the harbour) was completed 1 May 1893.

Waverton Railway Station was opened on 1 May 1895. At the time, the station was named Bay Road but on 20 May 1929, Bay Road was renamed Waverton - the name it carries today.

The area was scarcely settled in 1893, but a committee of inquiry found that the route for the line recommended was the best to give a good grade for the railway to the harbourside, hence the route opening up new areas for settlement. The line between St Leonards and Milsons Point (the terminus) was built as double track and both Wollstonecraft and Waverton stations were built to suit the duplicated track from the outset.

At the time of opening, Waverton railway station consisted of two side platforms (for Up and Down North Shore lines), with a small timber station building on each of the platforms. Bay Road tunnel (and Lavender Bay tunnel) were both built during construction of the line between St Leonards and Milsons Point and opened for service as double track tunnels in 1893. After leaving the previous station (Wollstonecraft), the North Shore line passes through a series of curves before passing through the relatively short Bay Road tunnel ('S' curve within the tunnel), then a rock cutting before entering Waverton station. The rock cutting is spanned by a bridge carrying a local road (Bay Road). The Booking Office for Waverton Railway Station was built on the overhead bridge with steps leading down to each of the platforms at the time of opening. After Waverton, the line then proceeded to the original Milsons Point station at Lavender Bay.

Electrification of the North Shore line was opened in 1927, with full electric services in 1928. Automatic signalling followed and most signal boxes on the line were closed. The signalling in the vicinity of Waverton was then controlled by North Sydney signal box.

With the opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 1932 and construction of new stations at North Sydney and Milsons Point on a much higher level (to suit the bridge arrangements), the trackwork at Waverton was substantially altered. The original line which was laid down the grade, through the Lavender Bay tunnel to the original Milsons Point station at Lavender Bay became a branch line. The original terminus sidings at Milsons Point was then re-used as off peak storage sidings for the suburban electric cars, and is still in use today. To suit this new arrangement and allow electric car sets to either re-enter service after storage at the sidings, or for car sets to proceed to the sidings, a new dead-end siding was laid in behind the existing Down main platform at Waverton, but at a slightly higher level. Trains from the storage sidings would proceed into the dead-end, reverse and proceed through points toward North Sydney, whereas trains coming out of service would enter the dead-end siding from North Sydney, reverse and proceed down to Lavender Bay. This arrangement is still in use today.

The 1895-built overhead Booking Office was replaced in 1993, with the design of the original structure and original features such as steps being repeated in the new building.

The station received an accessibility upgrade which included lifts on each platform at some point between January 1992 and September 1998. It was one of the first low patronage stations in Sydney to receive an easy access upgrade, along with Pennant Hills.

The station received unusual attention in January 2007, when part of the Platform 2 face was seen to have an apparition of Jesus Christ on it. Church leaders are unconvinced but remaining open-minded about the apparition, which has been explained as a combination of worn away paint and moss. People visited the station to see the apparition, requiring station staff to ensure that no observer is hit by a passing train.

Transport links
Busways operates one bus route via Waverton station, under contract to Transport for NSW:
 * 265: Lane Cove to North Sydney

Waverton station is served by two NightRide routes:
 * N90: Hornsby station to Town Hall station
 * N91: Bondi Junction to Macquarie Park

Buildings
Overhead Booking Office - 1993 replica of 1893 building

Context
Waverton Railway Station consists of two platforms, platform shelters, new stairs and lifts, and an overhead booking office.

Overhead booking office (1993)
The present building was rebuilt in 1993 substantially in the form and design of the original 1893 structure. The building fronts Bay Rd and spans across both railway tracks and is a single storey weatherboard building with corrugated-iron gabled roof with timber finials and gablets. The streetside verandah is supported on timber posts with decorative cast iron valance.

Condition
As at 10 September 2008, the station building was good.

Modifications and dates
Waverton Booking Office remains on the bridge much as it was built in 1893. Apart from a number of shelters on the platforms, there are no other railway buildings at Waverton station. Lifts have been added to the station arrangements in recent years.

Heritage listing
As at 8 May 2013, Waverton Railway Station Building has significance for its aesthetic contribution to the historic character of the North Shore Line as a whole. The current overhead booking office was rebuilt in 1993, substantially in the form and detail of the original 1893 structure and makes an important contribution to the streetscape and surrounding setting.

Waverton railway station was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.

The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.

The place has historical significance for its associations with the opening of the Short North Line (connecting the North Shore to the harbour) and the resulting phase of increased development in the surrounding area in the late 19th century.

The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.

Waverton Railway Station has significance for its aesthetic contribution to the historic character of the North Shore Line as a whole. The current overhead booking office was rebuilt in 1993, substantially in the form and detail of the original 1893 structure and makes an important contribution to the streetscape and surrounding setting.

The place has strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.

The place has the potential to contribute to the local community's sense of place and can provide a connection to the local community's history.

title: Waverton railway station, Sydney


text:
Greek Bible

Greek Bible may refer to:

 * Bible translations into Greek
 * The Septuagint, a Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible (the Old Testament)

 * The New Testament
 * Greek Vulgate, a polysemic expression
 * Eastern / Greek Orthodox Bible, an English translation of the Bible
 * Textus Receptus, an edition of the Greek New Testament published by Desiderius Erasmus
 * Patriarchal text, published in 1904 by the Ecumenical Patriarchate

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Greek Bible


text:
Violet Town rail accident

The Violet Town rail accident, also known as the Southern Aurora disaster, was a railway accident that occurred on 7 February 1969 following the incapacitation of the driver of one of the trains, near the McDiarmids Road crossing, approximately 1 km south of Violet Town, Victoria, Australia. The crash resulted in nine deaths and 117 injuries.

Background
The Southern Aurora was an overnight express service between the two largest Australian cities, Melbourne and Sydney. The service began in 1962 with the opening of the North East standard gauge line in Victoria, which enabled direct rail traffic between the two capitals for the first time. Owned and operated jointly by the Victorian Railways (VR) and New South Wales Government Railways (NSWGR), the Southern Aurora ran in both directions each night with first-class sleeping carriages making up the entire train.

Disputes between VR and NSWGR during the design and construction phase of the passenger carriages had led to several compromises, including the ability to fit bogies of the preferred types of both railways. Due to the insistence of manufacturer Commonwealth Engineering, stainless steel was eventually selected as the primary material, despite the initial reluctance of the railways, who wished to use their own existing carriage designs. Among the vaunted benefits of stainless steel construction was its superior crashworthiness, a benefit that was maximised by late design changes made to improve the energy-absorbing capacity of the draw gear between carriages.

Freight services had also begun on the standard gauge line in 1962, with the commissioning of facilities at Melbourne's South Dynon. Passenger services like the Aurora shared the primarily single-track main line with freight traffic in both directions; it was usual practice for freight trains to be held at passing loops (short sections of double track) in order to minimise delays to passenger timetables. One such crossing loop was located at Violet Town, around 170 km in rail distance to the north-east of Melbourne. The loop had a length of 915 m, and, like the rest of the standard gauge line between Melbourne and Albury, signals and points were operated by centralised traffic control from Melbourne.

On the night of the accident, 7 February 1969, the Southern Aurora from Sydney departed with fourteen carriages, carrying a near-capacity load of 192 passengers and 22 crew by the time it reached Violet Town. Its driver was Jack Bowden, a highly experienced 52-year-old VR employee; its fireman was 30-year-old Mervyn Coulthard; and its guard William Wyer. A fast freight train of 22 wagons, mostly containing new cars, had departed Melbourne at 1:25 a.m. travelling north, driven by Lawrence Rosevear and supported by relief driver Arnfried Brendecke. The train controller on duty at Train Control in Melbourne was Frank McDonnell.

Accident
The southbound Southern Aurora and northbound freight train were timetabled to cross at Benalla, north of Violet Town, at 6.44 a.m. The freight train was scheduled to enter the Benalla crossing loop at 6.15 a.m. However, at 6.30 a.m., McDonnell observed that both the Southern Aurora and the goods train were running behind schedule, and so he decided to have the trains pass each other at Violet Town instead. The driver of the goods train was instructed to prepare for a "running cross", under which the freight train would be diverted into the loop line at slow speed, while the Southern Aurora continued on the main line.

As the Southern Aurora passed through Benalla, driver Bowden increased its speed to the limit of 70 mph, which was maintained up to the point of impact. Shortly afterwards, his train passed an automatic signal showing "normal speed warning". That signified that the next signal might have a "stop" indication. Although it was standard practice to slow a train by at least 10 mph after receiving such a warning, Bowden did not respond in any way. It was later established that he had died about 6 mi before the crash, and had probably not been in effective control of the train for some time before that.

After noticing the warning indication on the signal, and anticipating a lengthy stop at Violet Town, fireman Coulthard said he had left his seat and gone into the nose of the locomotive to fill the electric kettle with water. While performing that task, he heard and felt the train pass over the points at the start of the crossing loop. He noted that the Southern Aurora had not reduced speed. Upon re-entering the main driving cab, he saw the "stop" signal ahead and the headlights of the freight train. He shouted at Bowden to stop the train, and ran into the engine room behind the cab to take shelter.

The freight train had approached Violet Town at 50 mph, and driver Rosevear saw the headlight of the approaching Southern Aurora. He slowed his train to 35 mph to safely enter the crossing loop, but realised the oncoming passenger train was not going to stop to allow him to do so. He applied the emergency brake and flashed the headlight of his locomotive in an attempt to warn the driver of the Southern Aurora. He then opened the cab door and helped fireman Brendecke to jump out, before seeking refuge in the engine room of his locomotive.

Shortly before 7 a.m., the trains collided head-on at a closing speed later estimated at 172 kph. According to Brendecke (who survived his fall from the cab and the subsequent crash), as well as motorists on the adjacent Hume Highway, the force of the collision propelled the locomotive of the Southern Aurora, and several of the goods wagons, into the air. Six of the passenger carriages were derailed, and one was completely crushed by other wreckage. The two leading carriages telescoped into the rear of the locomotive, and two others rode over the top of the wreckage, suspending them some 30 ft in the air.

Immediately following the crash, spilt diesel fuel caused the locomotive of the goods train to catch fire. The flames quickly spread to the derailed Southern Aurora carriages, where passengers were already attempting to escape through broken windows.

Aftermath
Local Country Fire Authority volunteers in Violet Town witnessed the crash, and immediately began organising the firefighting response. Initially, the Euroa Urban Fire Brigade, the nearest major fire service, was told of a collision between two trucks, and later of a truck hit by a train; firefighters were not aware that a major rail accident had occurred until they arrived on scene to find the burning wreckage. Over 100 firefighters eventually arrived from neighbouring districts to assist with the firefighting, rescue and recovery effort.

Train controller McConnell observed the crash on his control panel and immediately reported the circumstances to his supervisor, and a recovery effort was shortly underway in Melbourne. Aircraft from the Department of Civil Aviation, the Royal Australian Air Force and Trans Australia Airlines were used to transport rescuers, railway officials and investigators to the crash site.

Memorial
A stone cairn was erected on the 25th anniversary of the tragedy by the Public Transport Corporation at the site of the accident. Hundreds attended the commemoration in the early morning, which was followed by a morning tea.

In early 2018, a local group announced plans to expand the memorial significantly, saying that the existing cairn naming only a "public transport official" was an inadequate tribute to the disaster. The plans include signage listing the names of both the dead and local rescuers who were awarded for their bravery, and organisers anticipated their completion prior to the 50th anniversary of the crash in 2019.

title: Violet Town rail accident


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Vale Cemetery and Vale Park

Vale Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery and the largest cemetery in Schenectady, New York. It opened on 21 October 1857, when the Rev. Julius Seely dedicated what was then termed "the Vale". It has tripled its size since opening and today it holds the remains of some of the most notable persons in Upstate New York. In 1973, a 35-acre tract of unused and abandoned cemetery land around the ponds of Cowhorn Creek was sold to the city of Schenectady to form Vale Park.

The cemetery and park were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

History
By 1850 the old public burying ground on Green and Front streets was being overrun with weeds and was described as being unsanitary. The Common Council resolved on 2 July 1856 to develop the grounds of the old Hospital Farm on Nott Terrace as a 38 acre public cemetery. On 16 June 1857, Mayor Benjamin V. S. Vedder appointed a committee to oversee the work.

To provide access from a main street, Dr Eliphalet Nott, the President of Union College donated an avenue from Nott Terrace into the grounds. Later in 1863, two pieces of land were purchased from the college, creating what is now known as Vale Park. The entrance on State Street was a donation from the First Reformed Church in 1867. The cemetery was planned by Burton Thomas as a rural cemetery. It featured many winding paths and he had more than 1,000 trees planted; Cowhorn Creek was dammed to create a lake within the grounds. The cemetery has since expanded and covers approximately 100 acre and holds some 33,000 burials. The cemetery includes the historic African-American Burying Ground. Since 2001, city residents have held annual commemorations of Juneteenth, celebrating emancipation and the end of the American Civil War; particularly since 2006, some have been held at the Burying Ground.

Vale Cemetery Association
In February 1858, the Common Council declared that it could not continue to run the cemetery at the taxpayers' expense and that the cemetery must be taken up by private owners. Fourteen of the lot holders formed the Vale Cemetery Association and bought the 38 acre from the Common Council. They paid the sum of $800, and announced that some land, known as the Potters' Field, would be set aside for the burial of the poor. In 2007 as part of the Schenectady Colonial celebrations, the Association held a dinner to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the cemetery.

Vale mapping project
In late 2006, interest in mapping the cemetery was indicated by several people connected with the cemetery. They developed the Vale mapping project. The project started in spring 2007, using GPS and techniques used in England and Scotland to locate each grave. The group intends to map all the graves and document them, to establish a full record before there is further damage or deterioration of many of the historic memorials.

Notable burials
The information on notable burials has been extracted and précised from Katherine Olney Delain's Biographies of Notables at Vale Cemetery (2005).

Engineers and scientists

 * Ernst Alexanderson – came to the United States in 1901 to meet electrical wizard Charles Steinmetz. Developed the Alexanderson alternator, the first radio transmitter used to broadcast the human voice.  Dr. Alexanderson was also instrumental in the development of television.  Over his lifetime, Dr. Alexanderson received 344 patents, the last awarded in 1973 at age 94.
 * Ellis Family – The father and two sons were presidents of Schenectady Locomotive Works, later to become American Locomotive Company.
 * Ernst Julius Berg (1871–1941) – mathematician and electro-physicist. A pioneer of radio, he produced the first two-way radio voice program in the United States.
 * Clute Brothers – produced the gun turret motors for the first ironclad ship, the USS Monitor.
 * William D. Coolidge (1873–1975) – inventor of the modern X-ray tube, head of General Electric Development Center. He also developed the sodium vapor lamp and was holder of 83 patents.
 * Philip Dodge – inventor of the Linotype machine
 * Henry Ramsey – N.Y.S. engineer and surveyor in the 1830s, worked on the Erie Canal
 * Christian Steenstrup (1873–1955) – born in Denmark emigrated to the US in 1894. Designed the Monitor Top Refrigerator while at General Electric, held over 100 patents.
 * Charles Proteus Steinmetz (1865–1923) – mathematician, inventor, and electrical engineer, was a pioneer and considered the leading electrical engineer in the United States during his lifetime. He was also a professor of electrical engineering and electrophysics at Union College, Schenectady.
 * Silas Watson Ford – paleontologist who made some of the most important discoveries of the 19th century about the Cambrian Period. Awarded an honorary master's degree by Union College in 1879.

Military

 * James S. Casey (1833–1899) – awarded Medal of Honor for action on 8 January 1877 at Wolf Mountain, Montana during the Battle of Wolf Mountain during the Black Hills War.
 * William Horsfall – as captain, Company E, 18th New York Infantry. The Grand Army of the Republic post in Schenectady was named for him. He died leading a charge during the Battle of South Mountain, September 14, 1862.
 * Charles Lewis – fought in the Civil War and witnessed 1865 assassination of President Abraham Lincoln in 1865
 * David S. Proper – volunteer fire-fighter who enlisted in the 134th New York during the Civil War. He was killed at Gettysburg 1 July 1863. Donations from other firefighters paid for his body to be returned and buried here.
 * George W. Thompkins – awarded Medal of Honor for action on 25 March 1865 at the Battle of Fort Stedman

Politicians and government

 * Henry S. De Forest (1847–1917) – 40th and 42nd Mayor of Schenectady in 1885 and then 1889 and then U.S. congressman (1911–1913)
 * John DeGraff (1783–1848) – Fifteenth Mayor of Schenectady in 1836 and U.S. House of Representatives 1827–1829 and again 1837–1839
 * Henry Glen (1739–1814) – first Town Clerk of Schenectady (1767–1809), member of New York Provincial Congress and New York State Assembly, New York Militia and Continental Army officer in American Revolution, member of United States House of Representatives, 1793–1801. (Location of grave not known.  Presumed buried in First Dutch Churchyard.  Remains there later relocated to Vale.  Not all gravestones transported, so exact burial site not known.)
 * Oswald D. Heck – elected to the New York State Assembly in 1937. Speaker of the house from 1939–1959. There is a gavel on his tombstone.
 * Mordecai Myers (1776–1871) – 21st Mayor of Schenectady
 * Harmanus Peek (1782–1838) – Early congressman and Representative 1819–1821)
 * Peter Rowe (1807–1876) – 20th Mayor of Schenectady (1846–1850) and later U.S. Representative (1853–1855)
 * Jackson Samuel – New York State Supreme Court Justice

Sports

 * Charles "Chick" Evans (1889–1916) – Pitcher for the Boston Braves 1909–1910. his win–loss record for 1910 was 1–1, his run average was 5.23.
 * Frank E Wickware – A World War I veteran, pitched for the Mohawk Giants in the Negro leagues. Once defeated baseball Hall of Fame member Walter Johnson

Various

 * Francis Dana – Activist in the Underground Railway and contributor to the Albany Abolitionist newspaper.
 * Eliphalet Nott, D.D., L.L.D. – Fourth President of Union College, serving 1804–1866. He established it as a national center for learning.
 * Robert Furman – Local businessman who donated land to form Central Park and helped establish Vale Cemetery. He introduced trolleys to Schenectady.
 * Westinghouse Family – George Westinghouse was well known in the farming industry having invented the thresher.  George Westinghouse Jr., competitor of Thomas Edison, developed innovations in the electrical and railroad industries.  He and his wife are buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
 * James Cuff Swits – (known as Indian Jim), a Mohawk man more than 8 feet tall. He was well respected for his knowledge of herbs.  A friend carved Indian Jim's likeness into his gravestone; he was buried at Potters Field.

Burial facts

 * The first burial was of four-year-old Noah Vibbard Van Vorst.
 * The oldest burial is that of Elias Van Guysling who died in 1695. His remains were relocated from the family plot on Van Slyk Island when General Electric enlarged their site.
 * The oldest grave marker is that of Jan Maybee, of Mabee House, who died in 1725.

Sections
The cemetery is divided into several sections, each having its own historic importance:
 * Veterans Section – veterans from the Civil War and Spanish–American War are buried here, as well as later ones.
 * First Reformed Church – The graves in this section predate the formation of Vale Cemetery. They were moved in 1879 from various small First Reformed Church cemeteries scattered throughout the Stockade.  The oldest marker is that of Jan Mabee, survivor of the Schenectady Massacre, who died in 1725.
 * African Section (now called the African-American Burying Ground) – the original African Cemetery was located on Hamilton Hill. Judge Alonzo C. Paige purchased that area for real estate development. He purchased space in Vale and had the remains re-interred at his expense. His action protected the graves, as people had disturbed the graves on the hill by removing sandy soil for cement making.
 * Union College Plot – reserved for full professors of Union College, their spouses and unmarried children.
 * Green Street Section – represents the memorial style c. 1701–1830. The stones were removed from the old cemetery and reset here in 1879.
 * Christian Temple
 * German Methodist – this area was used by descendants of the early 18th-century German Palatine communities in the Mohawk Valley
 * Potters Field Area – The original area set aside for the burial of the poor
 * Old Ladies Home – Site for residents of the Home for the Friendless, a charity set up by Urania Nott, wife of Eliphalet Nott, the first President of Union College.

Notable structures

 * Christian Temple and GME (German Methodist Episcopal Church).
 * The Haigh mausoleum is adorned with a statue of a dog named Lion. The legend is that after his master died, Lion came to the mausoleum daily where he was cared for by cemetery staff. The statue is in Lion's memory.
 * Stanford Mausoleum – The family raised eight children, the most notable being Leland Stanford. In early life Leland was an attorney.  He opened an office in Port Washington, Wisconsin, but shortly thereafter a fire destroyed his office and a $3,000 library.  Leland decided to head west, where he joined his brothers in business.  He made a fortune in the railroad industry, being a principal in the building of the transcontinental railroad. Stanford and his wife Jane founded Stanford University in memory of their son Leland Jr., who died young.
 * A Celtic Cross.
 * Holland Mausoleum.
 * Revolutionary War Memorial.
 * The Superintendent's House (1889–1890) and Caretaker's Cottage are listed as contributing buildings to the Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places. The North Terrace Gate, State Street Gate, and Brandywine Avenue Gate are listed as contributing structures.

title: Vale Cemetery and Vale Park


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EOT

Eot or EOT may refer to:

Science

 * Equation of time
 * Extraordinary optical transmission

Technology

 * Electric overhead traveling crane
 * Embedded OpenType, a font file format
 * End-of-tape, a marker indicating the end of a magnetic tape
 * End-of-Transmission character, a transmission control character
 * Equivalent oxide thickness, of a semiconductor
 * Eyes of Things, a computer vision project

Transport

 * End-of-train device
 * Engine order telegraph, a ship or submarine's speed control
 * Massachusetts Executive Office of Transportation

Other uses

 * Employee ownership trust
 * Eot (island), in Micronesia
 * Eotile language
 * Greek National Tourism Organization

title: EOT


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Anna Louisa Geertruida Bosboom-Toussaint

Anna Louisa Geertruida Bosboom-Toussaint (September 16, 1812 – April 14, 1886) was a Dutch novelist.

Life and career
Geertruida Toussaint was born in Alkmaar, Netherlands, on 16 September 1812. Her father, a pharmacist of Huguenot descent, gave her a fair education, and at an early period of her career she developed a taste for historical research, fostered by a forced indoor life as a result of weak health.

Her first romance, Almagro, appeared in 1837, followed by De graaf van Devonshire ("The Earl of Devonshire") in 1838; De Engelschen te Rome ("The English at Rome") in 1840, and Het Huis Lauernesse ("The House of Lauernesse") in 1841, an episode of the Reformation that was translated into many European languages. These stories, mainly founded upon some of the most interesting epochs of Dutch history, betrayed a remarkable grasp of facts and situations, combined with an undoubted mastery over her mother tongue, although her style is sometimes involved and not always faultless.

Toussaint spent 1840 to 1850 carrying out further studies, resulting in an 1851-1854 series of three novels dealing with the first Earl of Leicester's adventures in the Low Countries: Leycester in Nederland (3 vols.), Vrouwen van het Leycestersche Tydperk (Women of Leicester's Epoch, 3 vols.), and Gideon Florensz (3 vols.). In 1851 she married the Dutch painter, Johannes Bosboom (1817–1891), after which she was known as Mrs Bosboom-Toussaint.

After 1870 Geertruida Bosboom-Toussaint abandoned historical romance for the modern society novel, but her Delftsche Wonderdokter ("The Necromancer of Delft", 1871) and Majoor Frans ("Major Frank", 1875) did not achieve the success of her earlier works. Majoor Frans was translated into English (1885). Her novels were published in a collected edition (1885–1888, 25 vols.). She died in The Hague on 14 April 1886.

Works

 * Almagro (1837)
 * De Graaf van Devonshire: romantische épisode uit de jeugd van Elisabeth Tudor ("The Earl of Devonshire, Romantic Episode from Elisabeth Tudor's Youth", 1838)
 * Engelschen te Rome: romantische épisode uit de regering van paus Sixtus V ("The English at Rome, Romantic Episode from Pope Sixtus V's Reign", 1839)
 * Het huis Lauernesse ("The House of Lauernesse", 1840)
 * Lord Edward Glenhouse (1840)
 * De prinses Orsini ("The Princess of Orsini", 1843)
 * Eene kroon voor Karel den Stouten ("A Crown for Charles the Bold", 1842)
 * De graaf van Leycester in Nederland ("The Earl of Leicester in the Netherlands", 1846)
 * Mejonkvrouwe De Mauléon ("Lady De Mauléon", 1848)
 * Don Abbondio II (1849)
 * Het huis Honselaarsdijk in 1638 ("The House of Honselaarsdijk in 1638", 1849)
 * De vrouwen van het Leycestersche tijdvak ("The Women of the Leicesterean Era", 1850)
 * Media-Noche: een tafereel uit den Nijmeegschen vredehandel, 1678 ("Media Noche, a Tableau from the Nijmegen Peace Trade", 1852)
 * Gideon Florensz: romantisch-historische épisode uit het laatste tijdperk van Leycesters bestuur in Nederland ("Gideon Florensz, a Romantic-Historical Episode from the Last of Leicester's Administration in the Netherlands", 1854)
 * Graaf Pepoli: de roman van een rijke edelman ("Count Pepoli, a Rich Nobleman's Tale", 1860)
 * De triomf van Pisani ("Pisani's Triumph", 1861)
 * De verrassing van Hoey in 1595 ("Hoey's Surprise of 1595", 1866)
 * De Delftsche wonderdokter ("The Nectromancer of Delft", 1871)
 * Majoor Frans ("Major Francis", 1875)
 * Raymond de schrijnwerker ("Raymond, Master Carpenter", 1880)
 * Volledige romantische werken ("Complete Romantic Works", 1885–1888)

Until 1851, when Toussaint married Johannes Bosboom, her works were published under her maiden name (A. L. G. Toussaint). Later works and reprints of her earlier works carried her married name (A. L. G. Bosboom-Toussaint).


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Leo Sayer

Gerard Hugh "Leo" Sayer (born 21 May 1948) is an English-Australian singer and songwriter who has been active since the early 1970s. He has been an Australian citizen and resident since 2009.

Sayer launched his career in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s and became a top singles and album act on both sides of the Atlantic in that decade. His first seven UK hit singles reached the Top 10 – a feat first accomplished by his first manager, Adam Faith. His songs have been sung by other notable artists, including Cliff Richard ("Dreaming"), Roger Daltrey and Three Dog Night.

Early life
Sayer was born and brought up in Shoreham-by-Sea in Sussex to Thomas E. G. Sayer and the former Theresa Nolan as the second of three sons (Michael was born in 1939 and Brian in 1951). His father was English and his mother was born in Maguiresbridge, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. He was raised on her father's small farm at Edenmore, a townland near the hamlet of Killesher, also in County Fermanagh.

Sayer attended St Peter's Catholic Primary School in Shoreham-by-Sea and then Blessed Robert Southwell (now St Oscar Romero Catholic School) in Goring-by-Sea, before studying commercial art and graphic design at West Sussex College of Art and Design in Worthing, Sussex.

Sayer was initially discovered by musician David Courtney, who then co-managed and co-produced him with former pop singer Adam Faith. In January 1967, while 18-year-old Sayer was working as a hall porter at the King's Hotel in Hove, he assisted in the rescue of elderly guests from a serious fire that damaged the hotel's first floor. He himself was rescued from the blazing hotel by builders working on a block of flats beside the hotel.

Career
Sayer began his music career co-writing songs with David Courtney, including "Giving It All Away", which gave Roger Daltrey of the Who his first solo hit in 1973. The same year, Sayer began his career as a recording artist under the management of Adam Faith, who signed Sayer to the Chrysalis label in the United Kingdom and Warner Bros. Records in the United States.

His debut single, "Why Is Everybody Going Home", failed to chart, but he achieved national prominence in the United Kingdom with his second single, the music hall-styled song "The Show Must Go On", which Sayer performed on British television wearing a pierrot costume and makeup. The single went to No. 2 on the United Kingdom singles chart, as did his debut album, Silverbird, co-written with David Courtney, who also co-produced the album with Adam Faith. Three Dog Night's cover, the group's last Billboard Hot 100 top 10 record, reached No. 4 on 25 May 1974.

His subsequent singles were all major hits in the United Kingdom –"One Man Band" went to No. 6 in 1974, "Long Tall Glasses" (UK No. 4, 1974) became his first Top Ten hit in the United States, reaching No. 9, and "Moonlighting" went to No. 2 in the United Kingdom in 1975. In 1976, Sayer recorded three Beatles songs, "I Am the Walrus", "Let It Be" and "The Long and Winding Road", for the Beatles-themed concept film All This and World War II. His albums in this period were also consistently successful in the United Kingdom: he scored five consecutive Top 10 placings on the United Kingdom album chart between 1973 and 1977. He also garnered success as an album artist in the United States, beginning with his second LP Just A Boy (1974), which reached No. 16. His fourth album, Endless Flight (1976), consolidated his international popularity, reaching No. 4 in the United Kingdom and No. 10 in the United States; it also charted strongly in other countries including Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, and New Zealand, and was certified as a platinum album in both the United Kingdom and the United States, and double-platinum in Canada.

The peak of his career came in 1977, when he achieved two consecutive number one hits in the United States, first with the disco-styled "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing" (a Grammy Award winner for the year's best Rhythm and Blues Song), followed by a romantic ballad, "When I Need You" (1977), which reached number one in both the United Kingdom and United States. Written by Albert Hammond and Carole Bayer Sager, it was Sayer's first No. 1 single in the United Kingdom (after three number two hits). It was also the first of two chart-toppers in a row in the United Kingdom for producer Richard Perry. Also from Endless Flight, Sayer covered the Danny O'Keefe song "Magdalena", which served as the B-side to the "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing" single version.

In 1979, the compilation album The Very Best of Leo Sayer (originally released by Chrysalis in the UK and elsewhere, with its first release in the US in 2000 by Rhino Records with different cover art) became Sayer's first United Kingdom No. 1 LP and his seventh consecutive United Kingdom Top 20 album. Sayer also guest-starred in the second episode of the third season of The Muppet Show, and performed "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing", "The Show Must Go On", and "When I Need You".

Sayer also made cover versions of Bobby Vee's Sonny Curtis-Jerry Allison composition "More Than I Can Say" (his fourth UK No. 2 hit and US No. 2), and Buddy Holly's "Raining in My Heart" (1979) and Bee Gees' "Heart (Stop Beating in Time)" in 1982. In the United States, three of his singles –"You Make Me Feel Like Dancing" (1977), "When I Need You" (1977) and "More Than I Can Say" (1980) –were certified gold.

Sayer provided songs for the soundtrack of the French–Belgian animated film The Missing Link (Le Chainon manquant) in 1980. In 1981, he voiced Dan the forest ranger in The Raccoons on Ice, the second of four specials serving as a predecessor to the Canadian animated series The Raccoons. He also sang several songs for the special, all of which were included on the 1983 album Lake Freeze and the 1984 album The Raccoons: Let's Dance!

In 1990, he contributed to the last studio collaboration between Alan Parsons and Eric Woolfson, Woolfson's solo album Freudiana, performing "I Am A Mirror". Sayer performed at the Sanremo Music Festival in 1990, with "The Moth And The Flame" (English version of "Tu... sì" by Mango) and, in 1991, with "All Alone" (English version of "Dubbi No" by Mietta).

Financial difficulties
After a decade of success, Sayer's career suffered repeated setbacks due to a series of financial and legal problems. When Sayer and his first wife Janice divorced in 1985, subsequent financial disclosure revealed Adam Faith had badly mishandled Sayer's business affairs and that much of the millions of pounds he had earned over the previous decade had been lost through Faith's questionable investments and business expenses.

Sayer sued Faith for mismanagement and the case was eventually settled out of court in 1992, with Sayer receiving a reported payout of £650,000. In the early 1990s, his career stalled again while he fought a protracted but ultimately successful legal battle against his former label, Chrysalis, to regain the publishing rights to his songs.

In 1996, Sayer sued his new management, after he discovered that his pension fund had allegedly been mismanaged to around £1 million. Despite spending more than £90,000 in legal fees the case never made it to court and Sayer abandoned the suit for reasons of cost. He assembled a band led by former Van Morrison guitarist Ronnie Johnson and toured his way back to financial security. They recorded a live album, Live in London, which was released in 1999.

Later career
On 12 February 2006, Sayer made a return to number one in the UK Singles Chart, with DJ Meck's remix of "Thunder In My Heart". It was his first appearance in the United Kingdom Top 10 for almost twenty-four years, and his second chart-topper in the United Kingdom, almost three decades after his first. Leo Sayer: At His Very Best, a career spanning compilation album, was released in the United Kingdom on 6 March 2006. It featured the Meck single, alongside "When I Need You" and "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing".

In June 2008, Sayer released a new album only in Australia, Don't Wait Until Tomorrow. This album, produced by Garth Porter (from the Australian pop band Sherbet) and released by Universal Music Australia, features selections from his catalog rearranged with strings and acoustic and jazz instrumentation.

In January 2009, Sayer became an Australian citizen, having lived in Sydney since 2005.

Sayer has appeared in various television shows in addition to The Muppet Show, including the 1998 Vic and Bob game show Families at War (on which he performed "When I Need You" while given a piggyback by a contestant running on a treadmill); The Wiggles 2008 DVD, You Make Me Feel Like Dancing, which featured Sayer's hit of the same name; Celebrity Big Brother UK in 2007; and the Australian television comedy, Stupid, Stupid Man.

In January 2015, Sayer released his album, Restless Years, and toured Australia and Singapore, with various support acts including Jason Ayres. Also in January 2015, he featured in Singapore's Leo Sayer in Concert – 40 Years at the Top, presented by the British Theatre Playhouse. In October 2015, he was awarded with a Gold Badge of Merit from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors.

On 3 May 2019, Sayer released his latest album, Selfie on Demon Records. It was recorded at his home studio at The Barn in Plainland, Queensland, Australia.

Personal life
Sayer and his wife Janice married in 1973 and divorced in 1985. He then had a relationship with Donatella Piccinetti, with whom he moved to Australia; they separated briefly in 2007, but were reunited and ultimately married on April 15, 2023. Sayer resides in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales.

In January 2009, Sayer became an Australian citizen at the Australia Day citizenship ceremony in Canberra. In 2020 he became an ambassador for the Canberra Hospital Foundation.

Health problems
He still suffers from the effects of injuries to his legs and ankles that were caused by a fall off a stage in 1977. Sayer's family has a history of cancer; both his parents died of cancer as did other family members on both sides. On his 65th birthday, after experiencing intestinal problems, Sayer was given a colonoscopy which revealed he had intestinal ulcers and a tumour. He underwent surgery which successfully treated both problems and showed that the tumour was benign.

Discography

 * Silverbird (1973)
 * Just a Boy (1974)
 * Another Year (1975)
 * Endless Flight (1976)
 * Thunder in My Heart (1977)
 * Leo Sayer (1978)
 * Here (1979)
 * Living in a Fantasy (1980)
 * World Radio (1982)
 * Have You Ever Been in Love (1983)
 * Cool Touch (1990)
 * Voice in My Head (2004)
 * Don't Wait Until Tomorrow (2008)
 * Restless Years (2015)
 * Selfie (2019)
 * Northern Songs (2022)

title: Leo Sayer


text:
Victor Neuburg (poet)

Victor Benjamin Neuburg (6 May 1883 – 31 May 1940) was an English poet and writer. An intimate associate of Aleister Crowley, he wrote on the subject of occultism, including Theosophy and Thelema. He edited "The Poet's Corner" column in the Sunday Referee, and also published the early works of Dylan Thomas and Pamela Hansford Johnson.

Early life
Neuburg was born into and raised in an upper middle-class Jewish family in Islington. His father, Carl Neuburg, who had been born in 1857 in Pilsen, Bohemia, and was a commission agent based in Vienna, abandoned the family shortly after his son's birth. Victor was brought up by his mother, Jeanette Neuburg, née Jacobs (1855–1939), and his maternal aunts. He was educated at the City of London School and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he studied medieval and modern languages.

Relationship with Aleister Crowley
When he was 25, in around 1906, Neuburg came in contact with Crowley, also a poet, who had read some of Neuburg's pieces in the Agnostic Journal. Crowley's description of him was:

"He was an agnostic, a vegetarian, a mystic, a Tolstoyan, and several other things all at once. He endeavoured to express his spiritual state by wearing the green star of Esperanto, though he could not speak the language; by refusing to wear a hat, even in London, to wash, and to wear trousers. Whenever addressed, he wriggled convulsively, and his lips, which were three times too large for him, and had been put on hastily as an afterthought, emitted the most extraordinary laugh that had ever come my way; to these advantages he united those of being extraordinarily well-read, overflowing with exquisitely subtle humour, and being one of the best natured people that ever trod this planet."

Crowley initiated Neuburg into his magical Order, the A∴A∴, in which he took the magical name "Frater Omnia Vincam". Crowley also began an extended sentimental and sexual relationship with Neuburg. In 1909 Crowley took Neuburg to Algiers, and they set off into the desert, where they performed a series of occult rituals based on the Enochian system of Doctor John Dee, later chronicled in The Vision and the Voice. In the midst of these rituals Crowley put the ideas of sex and magick together, and performed his first sex magick ritual. Neuburg's anthology of poems The Triumph of Pan (1910) dates from shortly after these events and shows the distinct influence of Crowley:

Crowley was highly impressed by Neuburg's poetic ability:

"...in the next few years he produced some of the finest poetry of which the English language can boast. He had an extraordinary delicacy of rhythm, an unrivalled sense of perception, a purity and intensity of passion second to none, and a remarkable command of the English language."

Back in London, Neuburg showed potential as a dancer, so Crowley gave him a leading role in his proto-performance art pieces Rites of Eleusis. Neuburg also pursued a doomed relationship with the actress Ione de Forest, who committed suicide shortly after their break-up.

In 1913 Crowley and Neuburg again joined forces in a sexual ritual magic operation known as "the Paris Working". According to one of Crowley's biographers, Lawrence Sutin, Crowley subsequently used anti-Semitic epithets to bully Neuburg, and compared Neuburg to a dromedary. This spurred Neuburg to break with Crowley some time in 1914, describing the slurs as "ostrobogulous piffle", inventing the word 'ostrobogulous' for the occasion.

The Vine Press
From 1916 Neuburg served in the British Army. After the end of the First World War he moved to Steyning in Sussex, where he ran a small press, the Vine Press. In 1920 he published a collection of ballads and other verse under the title Lillygay. Many of these were adapted from earlier ballad collections. In 1923 Peter Warlock set five of these verses to music under the same title.

"The Poet's Corner" and Dylan Thomas
From 1933 onwards Neuburg edited a section called "The Poet's Corner" in a British newspaper, the Sunday Referee. Here he encouraged new talent by awarding weekly prizes of half a guinea for the best poem. One first prize was awarded to the then-unknown Dylan Thomas, and the publisher of the Sunday Referee sponsored  Neuburg's publication of Thomas's first book, 18 Poems.

Another poet who contributed to the column was Pamela Hansford Johnson, and for many months, Johnson and Thomas seemed to alternate as winners of first prize. In 1937, Jean Overton Fuller submitted a poem to "The Poets' Corner" and was drawn into Neuburg's circle, eventually becoming his biographer.

Personal life
Neuburg married Kathleen Rose Goddard in 1921, but the marriage eventually broke up. They had a son, Victor Edward Neuburg (1924–1996), who became a writer on English literature.

Neuburg later started a relationship with Runia Tharpe, and moved to Swiss Cottage, London, to live with her.

Death
Victor Benjamin Neuburg died from tuberculosis on 30 May 1940. Dylan Thomas declared on hearing of Neuburg's death:

"Vicky encouraged me as no one else has done ... He possessed many kinds of genius, and not the least was his genius for drawing to himself, by his wisdom, graveness, great humour and innocence, a feeling of trust and love that won’t ever be forgotten."

Selected publications

 * The Green Garland (1908)
 * The Triumph of Pan (1910)
 * Lillygay: An Anthology of Anonymous Poems (1920)
 * Swift Wings: Songs in Sussex (1921)
 * Songs of the Groves (1921)
 * Larkspur: A Lyric Garland (1922)

title: Victor Neuburg (poet)


text:
Zhan Ziqian

Zhan Ziqian (c. mid to late 6th century) was a famous painter of ancient China from Yangxin County in modern-day Shandong province. His birth and death dates are unknown. It is known that in the Sui dynasty (581–618) he was appointed to the office of Chaosan Dafu (朝散大夫) and later of Zhangnei Dudu (帐内都督).

According to the historical documents, Zhan Ziquan painted a number of genres and religion paintings which have not survived. He was especially noted for his paintings of pavilions and people, and horses. His paintings of people were particularly lifelike. The only painting by him that survives today is Strolling About in Spring, which is a perspective arrangement of mountains. It has been cited as the earliest surviving work of Chinese landscape painting or the first shan shui painting.

title: Zhan Ziqian


text:
Presqu'ile Provincial Park

Presqu'ile Provincial Park is a park in southeastern Northumberland County on the north shore of Lake Ontario near the town of Brighton in Ontario, Canada. The park occupies an area of 9.37 km2. The name of the park is the French word for peninsula, or literally "almost island", and was believed to be named by Samuel De Champlain on his second expedition. The peninsula was formed when a limestone island was connected to the mainland by a sand spit; this kind of formation is referred to as a tombolo.

Nature and ecology
The park's wetlands are one of the larger wetlands along the north shore of Lake Ontario, and are noteworthy for the many sand ridges running through them, which increases habitat diversity. The mixture of sand dunes, marshes and forests leads to very high plant diversity.

In some ways, the flora of this site is therefore similar to the much larger sand spit at Long Point. The long sand spits in Presqu'ile also create natural vegetation gradients from sand dunes and pannes to coniferous and deciduous forest. Sand dunes and pannes are uncommon along the north shore of lake Ontario. Pannes are an unusual moist sand habitat, calcareous and seasonally flooded, similar to a wet prairie or wet meadow. This creates situations with high plant diversity. The pannes support many unusual plants, such as Carex aurea, Cladium mariscoides, Scleria verticillata, Parnassia glauca and Physostegia virginiana. The colourful pink flowers of the Physostegia are a good indicators of panne habitat during the summer. Because of their scarcity and scientific importance, these wetlands have been used to develop and test general models for factors affecting diversity in plant communities. In drier conditions, these pannes grade into more typical sand dune vegetation. In wetter conditions, they grade into rich marshes and sedge meadows, which intergrade with forested sand ridges in the "Fingers". This rare and distinctive vegetation type is not mentioned in the park's resource management plan., and has been damaged in the past by factors such as road construction, mowing and planting of exotic tree species.

The dunes and wetlands arise out of natural processes, such as the natural high and lower water periods in the Great Lakes. Both the area of wetlands, and the number of plant species in them, depends upon a combination of high water and low water years over decades.

The park's location on Lake Ontario makes it a perfect stop over for migrating birds along the Michigan Flyway. For this reason is it also an important location for viewing migrating birds and monarch butterflies. The park's long beaches make it particularly appealing to migrating shorebirds. Limestone islands near the park area support large nesting colonies of double-crested cormorants, Caspian and common terns, several gull species, great blue herons, great egrets, and black-crowned night-herons. In early spring, Presqu'ile Bay is an important staging area for thousands of migrating waterfowl. The park also includes a large marsh which provides nesting habitat for rails, bitterns and other wetland birds. There are also forested areas and open fields: a wide variety of habitats in a relatively small park. There is also a fairly substantial population of white-tailed deer, whose grazing is doing significant damage to native plants in general, and to tree regeneration in particular. Presqu'ile has been identified as a Canadian Important Bird Area. In all this small park has seven distinct ecosystems.

History
The park area had been selected in 1797 as the site of a town called Newcastle which was to become the county seat. However, on October 8, 1804, the schooner HMS Speedy, which was bringing officials to a trial at the new courthouse, sank offshore with all on board lost. The ship was never found, nor the bodies of the passengers and crew. The county seat was moved to nearby Amherst (now Cobourg, Ontario). In 1840, a lighthouse was completed at Presqu'ile Point. The designer of the 69-foot, octagonal structure was Nicol Hugh Baird. Baird also designed the Murray Canal, parts of the Trent-Severn Waterway and the Rideau Canal. Today, this lighthouse stands as the second oldest operating lighthouse on the north shore of Lake Ontario.

In 1922, a private commission was given authority to develop a park at Presqu'ile. In the 20th century, Presqu'ile became popular for recreation, with two kilometres of sandy beaches, a summer hotel and dance pavilion, an annual regatta race, a nine-hole golf course and opportunities for boating. As the decades passed, the type of recreation enjoyed at the park changed which caused the dismantling of the golf course and the closure of the hotel and dance pavilion. Presqu'ile was incorporated into the Ontario Parks system in 1954 and has become a popular destination for campers, naturalists, and other users.

Facilities and activities
Presqu'ile has 397 campsites, day use area, beach, store and two visitor centres. The park is aimed at family recreation, and offers a Natural Heritage Education program. The park often holds special events such as the Waterfowl Weekend in March, History Weekend in August, Parks Day, and Canada Day celebrations. Recreational activities popular at Presqu'ile include cycling, swimming, paddling, fishing, hiking, wildlife viewing, and hunting.

title: Presqu'ile Provincial Park


text: User talk:68.161.32.121

title: User talk:68.161.32.121


text:
Bible citation

A citation from the Bible is usually referenced with the book name, chapter number and verse number. Sometimes, the name of the Bible translation is also included. There are several formats for doing so.

Common formats
A common format for biblical citations is Book chapter:verses, using a colon to delimit chapter from verse, as in:
 * "In the beginning, God created the heaven and the earth" (Gen. 1:1).

Or, stated more formally,

 * Book chapter for a chapter (John 3);
 * Book chapter1–chapter2 for a range of chapters (John 1–3);
 * book chapter:verse for a single verse (John 3:16);
 * book chapter:verse1–verse2 for a range of verses (John 3:16–17);
 * book chapter:verse1,verse2 for multiple disjoint verses (John 6:14, 44).

The range delimiter is an en-dash, and there are no spaces on either side of it.

This format is the one accepted by the Chicago Manual of Style to cite scriptural standard works. The MLA style is similar, but replaces the colon with a period.

Citations in the APA style add the translation of the Bible after the verse. For example, (John 3:16, New International Version). Translation names should not be abbreviated (e.g., write out King James Version instead of using KJV). Subsequent citations do not require the translation unless that changes. In APA 7th edition, the Bible is listed in the references at the end of the document, which has changed since previous versions. Citations in Turabian style requires that when referring to books or chapters, do not italicize or underline them. The book names must also be spelled out. For example, (The beginning of Genesis recounts the creation of our universe.) When referring directly to a particular passage, the abbreviated book name, chapter number, a colon, and verse number must be provided. Additionally, the Bible is not listed in the references at the end of the document and the edition of the Bible is required when citing inside parentheses. For example, (Eph. 2:10 [New International Version]).

Punctuation
When citations are used in run-in quotations, they should not, according to The Christian Writer's Manual of Style, contain the punctuation either from the quotation itself (such as a terminating exclamation mark or question mark) or from the surrounding prose. The full-stop at the end of the surrounding sentence belongs outside of the parentheses that surround the citation. For example:
 * Take him away! Take him away! Crucify him! (John 19:15).

The Christian Writer's Manual of Style also states that a citation that follows a block quotation of text may either be in parentheses flush against the text, or right-aligned following an em-dash on a new line. For example:
 * These things I have spoken to you, so that in Me you may have peace. In the world you have tribulation, but take courage; I have overcome the world. (John 16:33 NASB)
 * These things I have spoken to you, so that in Me you may have peace. In the world you have tribulation, but take courage; I have overcome the world. — John 16:33 NASB

Abbreviating book names
The names of the books of the Bible can be abbreviated. Most Bibles give preferred abbreviation guides in their tables of contents, or at the front of the book. Abbreviations may be used when the citation is a reference that follows a block quotation of text.

Abbreviations should not be used, according to The Christian Writer's Manual of Style, when the citation is in running text. Instead, the full name should be spelled out. Hudson observes, however, that for scholarly or reference works that contain a large number of citations in running text, abbreviations may be used simply to reduce the length of the prose, and that a similar exception can be made for cases where a large number of citations are used in parentheses.

There are two commonly accepted styles for abbreviating the book names, one used in general books and one used in scholarly works.

Electronic editions of Bibles use internal abbreviations. Some of these abbreviation schemes are standardized. These include OSIS and ParaTExt USFM.

Roman numerals
Roman numerals are often used for the numbered books of the Bible. For example, Paul's First Epistle to the Corinthians may be written as "I Corinthians", using the Roman numeral "I" rather than the Arabic numeral "1". The Christian Writer's Manual of Style, however, recommends using Arabic numerals for numbered books, as in "2 Corinthians" rather than "II Corinthians".

Editions
The Student Supplement to the SBL Handbook of Style published by the Society of Biblical Literature states that for modern editions of the Bible, publishers information is not required in a citation. One should simply use the standard abbreviation of the version of the Bible (e.g. "KJV" for King James Version, "RSV" for Revised Standard Version, "NIV" for New International Version, and so forth).

Multiple citations
The Student Supplement to the SBL Handbook of Style recommends that multiple citations be given in the form of a list separated by a semicolon, without a conjunction before the final item in the list. When multiple consecutive citations reference the same book, the name of the book is omitted from the second and subsequent citations. For example:
 * John 1–3; 3:16; 6:14, 44

Citing non-biblical text in Bibles
Some Bibles, particularly study bibles, contain additional text that is not the biblical text. This includes footnotes, annotations, and special articles. The Student Supplement to the SBL Handbook of Style recommends that such text be cited in the form of a normal book citation, not as a Bible citation. For example:

title: Bible citation


text:
Elections in Georgia

Elections in Georgia may refer to:

 * Elections in Georgia (country)
 * Elections in Georgia (U.S. state)

title: Elections in Georgia


text:
Club Buggery

Club Buggery is an Australian television series made in the 1990s. It was created and performed by Australian comedy duo Roy and HG (John Doyle and Greig Pickhaver) and broadcast on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) network in 1996 and 1997.

Development
The series was an offshoot the duo's long-running, groundbreaking improvised radio comedy series This Sporting Life (TSL), which premiered on the Triple J radio network in 1986 and ran until 2008. Doyle and Pickhaver first essayed a TV adaptation of TSL in 1993, but that series was only partially successful and suffered from the limitations imposed by its predominantly 'talking head' style.

Its successor Club Buggery, broke these limitations by creating an innovative blend of format elements including variety, talk and sketch comedy. It referenced many Australian club and TV entertainment genres including the RSL club circuit, and vintage television programs in the sport, variety, quiz, talk and music genres. The intertextual and subversive nature of the humour was evidenced by the title.

The program ran for two series of 28 episodes each under the title Club Buggery and it then was retitled as The Channel Nine Show (retaining the same basic format) for a further series of ten episodes in 1998. The title was a reference to both a vintage TV series (it was the Sydney title of the famous Melbourne-based variety series In Melbourne Tonight, presented by Graham Kennedy), as well as referring ironically to contemporary rumours that the duo were leaving the ABC to go to the Kerry Packer-owned Nine Network.

Later in 1998 they presented the similarly-formatted Planet Norwich, which was recorded in the UK and presumably intended for the British market. Some time later they also presented segments as part of a comedy series hosted by British comedian Ben Elton.

Title
In most English speaking countries, the word "buggery" has two quite specific and extremely negative meanings – one refers to the act of anal intercourse, and the other to the charge in law that proscribes that act. But in Australian English, the word "buggery" and its derivations have taken on a remarkably broad range of uses, many of which are generally understood as being slightly (and usually deliberately) exaggerated and comical in tone, and while probably considered somewhat "common", most of these usages are now quite broadly accepted and are in general not considered overly offensive. It was this peculiar Australian usage pattern which obviously made it attractive to Doyle and Pickhaver as a title.

For example – one can tell someone to "go to buggery", which is a slightly stronger equivalent to the American expression "take a hike". The adverb "buggered" is also widely used and often refers to a broken or defective object ("my car's buggered") or is used as a means of expressing tiredness or exhaustion ("I'm buggered after that bushwalk"). The word can also be used as an expression of lack, such as in the phrase "There's bugger-all (money) left in the bank". But this novel range of usages is evidently only inoffensive in Australia, and the use of the word "buggery" in the series title was a source of some amazement to overseas guests such as Canadian comedian Mike Myers.

Format
Essentially a blend of variety, talk show, and sketch comedy. The show interspersed interviews with guests, giveaway segments, discussion and comment by Roy & HG, music segments, pre-taped comedy inserts (including a soap opera parody performed by a number of famous sporting personalities including footballers Paul Sironen and Warren Boland) and a closing musical performance by a well-known Australasian music star of the past.

The guest interviews were often highlights of the show, as Roy and HG honed their often revealing two-handed "good cop/bad cop" interview style. Typically HG opened by asking some seemingly innocuous questions (some of which had a subtle sting) and he was followed by Roy, who had a much more probing and sarcastic manner and specialised in asking questions that put the guest "on the spot". One memorable interview was with actor/comedian Mike Myers who jokingly flirted with Doyle and the two danced arm-in-arm afterwards. Other notable guests included actor Roger Moore, singer Pat Benatar, musician Nick Cave and comedian/writer Alexei Sayle. One celebrity who turned down an invitation to appear was Sting as his manager was concerned about the show's title.

Other regular features included:-
 * The Nissan Cedrics, a singing duo composed of Dannielle Gaha and Louise Anton who provided musical links and jingles to introduce guests and regular segments and also occasionally performed full-length songs. The name of the duo was a tribute to the classic 1960s car. They released a self-titled album of cover songs in 1997.
 * A segment where an Australian sporting or entertainment celebrity would appear in a pre-filmed sketch where they would mime an old classic song. One memorable example was actor Andrew McFarlane who acted out a WW2 movie spoof whilst miming Dean Martin's "Everybody Loves Somebody".
 * The weekly 'This is Living' giveaway where the couple or party that Roy & HG judged to be the best-dressed amongst the studio audience were given a prize. In the first series, the prize was an over-sized 'Meat-Tray' over which Roy and HG gave a lurid description of how they hunted and shot it earlier that week. In the later series, the prize was a special night-out for the winners to a venue carefully chosen by Roy & HG. Amongst the memorable evenings were a smorgasboard dinner and pokies at an RSL club, a visit to a Greyhound track and front-row seats to a showing of Kenneth Branagh's 4-hour movie version of Hamlet.
 * Ian 'Turps' Turpie performed as 'Club President' (MC) for all 4 years of the show, being referred to as The Giant of the G-Chord and he also performed musical numbers. In addition, he starred in several comedy sketches, each of which ran for a number of short episodes. These were;- Turps about the House in which he played the flat-mate of the Nissan Cedrics, a police drama Sam Stain which also starred actor Harold Hopkins and TV presenter Indira Naidoo and Star Trek spoof Captain Ajax which also featured Hopkins (whose character's name was Dogrooter) and a sultry cameo from Network Ten newsreader Anne Fulwood.
 * As already mentioned above, another regular segment was the soap-opera parody Ian which, in addition to footballers Sironen and Boland, also featured musician Col Joye, athlete and actress Lisa Forrest, cricketer Greg Matthews and TV presenter Annette Shun Wah. When introducing the segment, HG usually described the show as extraordinary people doing bloody ordinary things.

2000 Olympics
The duo scored their greatest successes and reached a peak of popularity in 2000. Having moved to the commercial Seven Network, the official Australian broadcaster for the 2000 Summer Olympics, they were ideally placed to present a new version of the This Sporting Life concept. The series, The Dream with Roy and HG, gained record ratings and won them a huge new audience, and made their unofficial animal mascot, 'Fatso the Fat-Arsed Wombat', into a national icon.

Awards

 * At the 39th Annual TV Week Logie Awards held in 1997, the program won the Logie for the 'Most Outstanding Achievement In Comedy'
 * At the 39th Annual TV Week Logie Awards held in 1997, the program was nominated for the 'Most Popular Comedy Program'
 * At the 40th Annual TV Week Logie Awards held in 1998, the program was nominated for the Logie for the "Most Outstanding Achievement In Comedy".

title: Club Buggery


text:
O.S.T.R.

Adam Andrzej Ostrowski (, born 15 May 1980 in Łódź, Poland), better known as O.S.T.R., is a Polish rapper, musician, audio engineer and record producer, famous for his freestyle rap skills, ambitious lyrics and unique beats. He graduated from the Academy of Music in Łódź, violin class. He is one of the few Polish rappers who have received professional musical education. He has collaborated with American rappers such as Evidence, El Da Sensei, Craig G, Keith Murray, Jeru The Damaja, Lil' Dap, Sadat X and Canadian producer Marco Polo. He has also collaborated with many Polish artists, including jazz musicians Michał Urbaniak, Hades, SOFA, Fokus, DJ Deszczu Strugi, DonGURALesko, Vienio i Pelson, Fu, Pezet, Sistars and Slums Attack. He is a member of bands such as Tabasko, Skill Mega, Killing Skills, Beat Brothers and musical project POE. He is also a former member of Obóz TA and LWC. In 2013, he shared the position of art director of Męskie Granie festival with alternative rock vocalist Kasia Nosowska.

Movies

 * Z odzysku (2006, as himself)
 * Ziomek (2006, voice)

title: O.S.T.R.


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Gregory Vlastos

Gregory Vlastos (Γρηγόριος Βλαστός; July 27, 1907 – October 12, 1991) was a preeminent scholar of ancient philosophy, and author of many works on Plato and Socrates. He transformed the analysis of classical philosophy by applying techniques of modern analytic philosophy to restate and evaluate the views of Socrates and Plato.

Life and works
Vlastos was born in Istanbul, to a Scottish mother and a Greek father, where he received a Bachelor of Arts from Robert College before moving to Harvard University where he received a PhD in 1931. After teaching for several years at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, he moved to Cornell University in 1948. He was Stuart Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University between 1955 and 1976, and then Mills Professor of Philosophy at University of California, Berkeley until 1987. He received a MacArthur Foundation Fellowship in 1990. He was twice awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship, was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a corresponding fellow of the British Academy, and a member of the American Philosophical Society. In 1988 he gave the British Academy's Master-Mind Lecture. Vlastos died in 1991, before finishing a new compilation of essays on Socratic philosophy.

He is credited with bringing about a renaissance of interest in Plato among philosophers throughout the world. Many of Vlastos' students have become important scholars of ancient philosophy, including Terence Irwin, Richard Kraut, Paul Woodruff, and Alexander Nehamas.

Theory of Socratic philosophy
In his work The Philosophy of Socrates: a Collection of Critical Essays (UNDP 1971), Vlastos advanced the idea "that one can identify in certain Platonic dialogues a philosophical method and a collection of philosophical theses which may properly be attributed to Socrates." He suggested a plausible modern analytic framework for Socratic philosophy as a pursuit distinct from Platonic philosophy. The dialogues of Plato’s Socratic period, called "elenctic dialogues" for Socrates’s preferred method of questioning, are Apology, Charmides, Crito, Euthyphro, Gorgias, Hippias Minor, Ion, Laches, Protagoras and book 1 of the Republic. The idea remains controversial and those who agree with his position are referred to as Vlastosians.

Works

 * Christian Faith and Democracy, Association Press, 1939.
 * The Philosophy of Socrates: A Collection of Critical Essays, University of Notre Dame Press, 1971.
 * Platonic Studies, Princeton University Press, 1973, ISBN 978-0-691-07162-6 ISBN 0691071624; 1981, 2nd edition, pbk
 * Plato's Universe, Claredon Press, 1975.
 * Socrates, Ironist and Moral Philosopher, Cornell University Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0-8014-9787-2 ISBN 0801497876
 * Socratic Studies, Cambridge University Press, 1994, ISBN 978-0-521-44735-5 ISBN 0521447356; 1995 pbk reprint
 * Studies in Greek Philosophy Volume I: the Presocratics, Princeton University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-691-03310-5 ISBN 0691033102
 * Studies in Greek Philosophy; Volume II: Socrates, Plato, and Their Tradition, Princeton University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-691-03311-2 ISBN 0691033110

Edited

 * Towards the Christian Revolution - with R.B.Y. Scott, Willett, Clark & Company, 1936.
 * Plato, a Collection of Critical Essays: I, Metaphysics and Epistemology; II, Ethics, Politics, and Philosophy of Art and Religion. Anchor Books / Doubleday and Company, 1971
 * The Philosophy of Socrates: a Collection of Critical Essays, Anchor, 1971. New ed., (Modern Studies in Philosophy), University of Notre Dame Press, 1980, ISBN 978-0-268-01537-4 ISBN 0268015376

title: Gregory Vlastos


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Juan Boscán Almogáver

Joan Boscà i Almogàver (, Juan Boscán Almogávar; c. 1490 – 21 September 1542), was a Spanish poet who incorporated hendecasyllable verses into Spanish.

Biography
The exact date of birth for Boscà is unclear, but there is a consensus that he was born anywhere between 1487 and 1492. Boscà was born in Barcelona and was one of three children. His father, Joan Valentí Boscà, was a public official, and his mother was named Violant Almogàver. Boscà's father died in 1492. Around 1507, Boscà left to live in the court of Fernando and Isabel, where he was a student of Lucio Marineo Siculo from Vizzini, Italy, who taught him the skill of translating Italian love poetry, Latin, and Greek lyrics into Spanish. Marineo's teachings evidence the close cultural interactions that existed between Spain and Italy and helped to develop the talent of Boscán.

By 1522, Joan Boscà was working as a tutor to Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba. In this same year, he participated with Garcilaso de la Vega in giving naval assistance to the Isle of Rhodes during a Turkish invasion. Boscà fought against the Turks again in 1532 with Álvarez de Toledo and Charles I in Vienna. During this period, Boscán had made serious progress in his mastery of verse in the Italian style.

Boscà is most famous for the incorporation of hendecasyllable verses into Spanish. Although he was preceded by Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquess of Santillana, who wrote 42 sonnets in the Italian style, Boscà was one of the first people to use the present-day structures of the sonnet in Castilian. His originality and open-minded nature made him an innovator, and his use of hendecasyllabic verse gave his poetry a distinctly creative flare that allowed him to emphasize the emotions and significance of each poem.

In the 1520s he came under the influence of Andrea Navagiero, the Venetian ambassador to Spain. It is because of Navagiero's persuasion that Boscà abandoned the traditional eight-syllable verses of Spanish poetry. Boscán was also influenced by another Italian ambassador (a friend of Navagiero) named Count Baldassare Castiglione. Boscán was urged by Castiglione and Garcilaso to translate the ambassador's "Il Cortegiano" into Spanish, which was published on 2 April 1534 to great success.

With Boscán's fame came great controversy, because he constantly had to combat with those who preferred the old style of poetry over the new. In 1539, he married Ana Girón de Rebolledo of Valencia and fathered three daughters. Boscán died on 21 September 1542 after becoming ill in Perpignan, while he was preparing some of his poetry for publication.

Works
Joan Boscà's most famous works appear in Las obras de Boscán y algunas de Garcilaso de la Vega repartidas en quatro libros (The Works of Boscà and Some of Garcilaso de la Vega Divided in Four Volumes). In volume three, this includes Leandro y Hero (Leander and Hero), based on an ancient Greek fable and Ottava Rima (Royal Octave). A stanza of "Ottava Rima" reads:

Carlos Clavería, who has edited Boscán´s work, affirms that the reader who reaches the third book will find veritable treasures, including the above cited mythological poem based on Musaeus and with touches of Virgil and Hesiod. The reader will also find a Petrarchan poem that has includes a very surprising turn. Capítulo, which begins in a rather conventional manner, but then turns to describe in the last thirty-two tercets a painting from antiquity: Timanthes's The Sacrifice of Iphigenia best known for the veil worn by Agamemnon, her father, since the poet was unable to show his immense suffering. This is one of the earliest ekphrasis found in Iberian Renaissance poetry. What cannot be shown or described in the poem is the extreme jealousy felt by the poetic voice.

Later reputation
Boscán's and his close friend Garcilaso de la Vega (who he met at the Spanish court) are seen as very influential in the poetry of the Spanish Renaissance. Boscán was the first poet to introduce the Italian metres to Spain.

Boscán’s poems were published after his death by his widow around 1543 (Garcilaso died in 1536 and Boscà was given the task of editing some of his works before his own death on September 21, 1542). The collection proved popular: between 1543 and 1597, twenty-one editions were printed throughout Europe. While the collection was supposed to focus mainly on his poetry, Boscán was soon overshadowed by his friend Garcilaso. In contrast to Garcilaso, who explored several genres and themes in the new Italian style, Boscán wrote mostly about love. He has been compared to Fray Luis de León, a poet and professor of the 16th century, who also enjoyed the process of translating and writing poetry.

One of his works, Oh Sombra!, was adapted into a song by the British rock band Electrelane in 2004.

title: Juan Boscán Almogáver


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File:Umist-logo.png

Modern UMIST Logo. Image is Copyright © UMIST.

title: File:Umist-logo.png


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Gollancz (surname)

Gollancz is a family name originating from the Polish town Gołańcz (Gollantsch or Schwertburg near Wągrowiec, Wielkopolska). It is mainly known as the name of a prominent British Jewish family, including:

 * Sir Hermann Gollancz (1852–1930), rabbi
 * Sir Israel Gollancz (1864–1930), scholar of literature
 * Sir Victor Gollancz (1893–1967), publisher and nephew of Hermann and Israel

title: Gollancz (surname)


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Walnut Ridge

Walnut Ridge may refer to the following places in the United States:

 * Walnut Ridge, Arkansas
 * Walnut Ridge, Indiana
 * Walnut Ridge (Amtrak station), a train station in Walnut Ridge, Arkansas
 * Walnut Ridge High School (disambiguation), multiple high schools

title: Walnut Ridge


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Chilian

User:Chilian was proposed for deletion. This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE

Page created by user with an anon IP, has no taslk page, no user contributions, and the only page that links to it is the speedy deletions page where it's been listed for the past few days. -- Graham ☺ | Talk 12:15, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * User does not exist, as far as I can tell. No contributions and doesn't show up on Special:Listusers. Can be safely deleted, I think. --Slowking Man 06:44, Oct 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Send the user a message, and if no response, deletion is probably ok. But.. is this really the right place to handle this kind of thing? --Improv 21:36, 4 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Just a minor point, if this user doesn't show up on Special:Listusers then it's not a username, just something that some anon has made up. If you can suggest somewhere lelse to deal with this prblem (which doesn't come up very often, to my knowledge) then please let me know. -- Graham  ☺ | Talk 20:10, 7 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like other '/delete' pages is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion or on the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Chilian


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Karrie Webb

Karrie Anne Webb (born 21 December 1974) is an Australian professional golfer. She plays mainly on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour, and also turns out once or twice a year on the ALPG Tour in her home country. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame. She has 41 wins on the LPGA Tour, more than any other active player.

Early life and amateur career
Webb was born in Ayr, Queensland. She was a member of the Australian Amateur team, making six international appearances from 1992 to 1994, including a 1994 appearance in the Espirito Santo Trophy World Amateur Golf Team Championships. This was the year she became the Australian Stroke Play Champion

Professional career
Webb began her professional golfing career in 1994 playing on the Ladies European Tour, where she finished second at the Women's Australian Open, and the Futures Tour in the U.S., where she won one tournament. In 1995 she became the youngest ever winner of the Weetabix Women's British Open in her rookie season in Europe, prior to it being classed as an LPGA major, and was European Rookie of the Year. She qualified for the LPGA Tour after she finished second at the LPGA Final Qualifying Tournament, despite playing with a broken bone in her wrist.

In 1996 Webb won her first LPGA tournament in her second LPGA start at the HealthSouth Inaugural, on the fourth hole of a sudden death playoff. She won three other tournaments and became the first LPGA player to win $1 million mark in a single season, topping the year end money list. She was also the 1996 LPGA Rookie of the Year.

In 1997 Webb won three times on the LPGA Tour including another win at the Weetabix Women's British Open, won her first Vare Trophy and was voted 1997 ESPY Best Female Golfer. In 1999 Webb won her first major championship at the du Maurier Ltd. Classic and won her first LPGA Tour Player of the Year award.

Webb also took part in the largest playoff in LPGA Tour history at the 1999 Jamie Farr Kroger Classic. Se Ri Pak birdied the first sudden death playoff hole to defeat Webb, Mardi Lunn, Carin Koch, Sherri Steinhauer, and Kelli Kuehne.

In 2000, Webb won two more major championships, following up her win at the Nabisco Championship with a win at the U.S. Women's Open. This gained her a second consecutive Rolex Player of the Year title and Vare Trophy, and she topped the money list, missing out on a chance to become the LPGA's first single-season $2 million winner by taking a mid season break to return home to Australia to run with the Olympic torch. Teamed with Rachel Hetherington representing Australia she won the Women's World Cup in Malaysia, was awarded the preeminent sport award in Australia, the Dawn Fraser Award. and was named Female Player of the Year by the Golf Writers Association of America.

She successfully defended her U.S. Women's Open title in 2001 and won the LPGA Championship, to become the youngest winner of the LPGA Career Grand Slam. She teamed with David Duval to play against Annika Sörenstam and Tiger Woods in a made-for-TV Battle at Bighorn between the two best male and two best female players in the world. At the time, it provided women's golf its largest audience ever. Webb's win at the 2002 Women's British Open, which had become an LPGA major in 2001, meant she completed a Super Career Grand Slam – every available major championship in women's golf in her career.

Webb then suffered a three-year slump. She collected just two LPGA wins in the next two years, and in 2005 had a best LPGA finish of tied sixth although she did team up with Rachel Hetherington to represent Australia at the Women's World Cup of Golf and won her fifth ANZ Ladies Masters title back home in Australia.

Webb qualified for entry to the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2000, but was not eligible for induction until she had played ten LPGA Tour events in each of ten seasons. She met this criterion on 9 June 2005 when she completed the first round of the LPGA Championship. At age 30, she became the youngest living person ever to enter the Hall of Fame, and kept that distinction until 2007, when fellow LPGA star Se Ri Pak was inducted.

Webb staged a comeback season in 2006. In the final round at the Kraft Nabisco Championship she holed a 116-yard shot from the fairway to eagle the 18th hole, and then birdied the same hole in a sudden-death playoff to beat Lorena Ochoa and win her second Kraft Nabisco Championship. She won four other tournaments including the Evian Masters and Mizuno Classic. Her 2006 Kraft Nabisco win took her into the top ten of the Women's World Golf Rankings for the first time since they were introduced in February 2006.

Her 41 LPGA Tour victories places her tied for 10th with Babe Zaharias on the list of players with the most career LPGA tournament wins and first among all active players.

LPGA Tour wins (41)
LPGA Tour playoff record (4–6)

LPGA majors are shown in bold.

ALPG Tour wins (13)

 * 1998 (1) Australian Ladies Masters2
 * 1999 (1) Australian Ladies Masters2
 * 2000 (2) AAMI Women's Australian Open4, Australian Ladies Masters2
 * 2001 (1) ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2002 (1) AAMI Women's Australian Open4
 * 2005 (1) ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2007 (2) MFS Women's Australian Open4, ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2008 (1) MFS Women's Australian Open4
 * 2010 (1) ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2013 (1) Volvik RACV Ladies Masters4
 * 2014 (1) ISPS Handa Women's Australian Open5

LPGA of Japan Tour wins (3)

 * 2000 (1) Nichriei World Ladies Cup
 * 2001 (1) Nichriei World Ladies Cup
 * 2006 (1) Mizuno Classic3

Ladies European Tour wins (15)
''Note: Webb won The Evian Championship (formerly named the Evian Masters) once before it was recognized as a major championship on the LPGA Tour in 2013, but after it was co-sanctioned by the LPGA Tour in 2000. Webb won the Women's British Open twice before it was recognized as a major championship on the LPGA Tour in 2001, but after it was co-sanctioned by the LPGA Tour in 1994 and once after it was recognized as a major championship in 2001.''
 * 1995 (1) Weetabix Women's British Open1
 * 1997 (1) Weetabix Women's British Open1
 * 2000 (1) AAMI Women's Australian Open4
 * 2001 (1) ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2002 (2) AAMI Women's Australian Open4, Weetabix Women's British Open1
 * 2005 (1) ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2006 (1) Evian Masters1
 * 2007 (2) MFS Women's Australian Open4, ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2008 (1) MFS Women's Australian Open4
 * 2010 (1) ANZ Ladies Masters4
 * 2013 (2) Volvik RACV Ladies Masters4, ISPS Handa Ladies European Masters
 * 2014 (1) ISPS Handa Women's Australian Open5

Futures Tour wins (1)

 * 1995 Golden Flake Golden Ocala Futures Classic

Other wins (2)

 * 2000 Women's World Cup Golf (with Rachel Hetherington)
 * 2003 ConAgra LPGA Skins Game

Notes
 * 1 Co-sanctioned by LPGA Tour and Ladies European Tour
 * 2 Co-sanctioned by LPGA Tour and ALPG Tour
 * 3 Co-sanctioned by LPGA Tour and LPGA of Japan Tour
 * 4 Co-sanctioned by ALPG Tour and Ladies European Tour
 * 5 Co-sanctioned by ALPG Tour, Ladies European Tour, and LPGA Tour

Wins (7)
1 Defeated Ochoa with birdie on first extra hole

Results timeline
Results not in chronological order before 2019. ^ The Women's British Open replaced the du Maurier Classic as an LPGA major in 2001. ^^ The Evian Championship was added as a major in 2013 † Webb won the Women's British Open in 1995 and 1997 before it became an LPGA major. {{legend|lime|Win}} {{legend|yellow|Top 10}} {{legend|#eeeeee|Did not play}} CUT = missed the half-way cut

"T" = tied for place

Summary

 * Most consecutive cuts made – 23 (2007 British Open – 2013 U.S. Open)
 * Longest streak of top-10s – 9 (1999 U.S. Open – 2001 U.S. Open)

LPGA Tour career summary
^ official as of 13 July 2022 * Includes matchplay and other tournaments without a cut.

World ranking
Position in Women's World Golf Rankings at the end of each calendar year.

Honours
Webb was awarded the Centenary Medal on 1 January 2001.

On 26 January 2010 Webb was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for service to golf, and to the community as a benefactor and supporter of a range of health and disability organisations.

In January 2018 Webb was made an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) for distinguished service to golf at the elite level as a player, to the development of female golfers, as a mentor and role model, and through charitable and community organisations".

In 2022, she was inducted into Sport Australia Hall of Fame.

Team appearances
Amateur
 * Espirito Santo Trophy (representing Australia): 1994
 * Tasman Cup (representing Australia): 1993 (winners)
 * Queen Sirikit Cup (representing Australia): 1992, 1993, 1994
 * Gladys Hay Memorial Cup (representing Queensland): 1991, 1992, 1993

Professional
 * World Cup (representing Australia): 2005
 * International Crown (representing Australia): 2014, 2016
 * The Queens (representing Australia): 2017 (captain)

title: Karrie Webb


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Walsh

Walsh may refer to:

People and fictional characters

 * Walsh (surname), including a list of people and fictional characters

Australia

 * Mount Walsh, Mount Walsh National Park

Canada

 * Fort Walsh, one of the first Royal Canadian Mounted Police posts, site of the Cypress Hills Massacre
 * Walsh, Alberta, a hamlet
 * Walsh, Ontario, a hamlet
 * Walsh Lake, Quebec

United States

 * Walsh, Colorado, a Statutory Town
 * Walsh, Michigan, a former settlement
 * Walsh, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
 * Walsh County, North Dakota

Schools

 * Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.
 * Walsh University, North Canton, Ohio, a private Catholic university
 * Walsh College, Troy, Michigan
 * Walsh Jesuit High School, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio

Other uses

 * USS Quentin Walsh, a planned United States Navy guided missile destroyer
 * USS Walsh (APD-111), a United States Navy high-speed transport in commission from 1945 to 1946
 * Walsh baronets, two extinct titles, one in the Baronetage of Ireland and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
 * Walsh convention, a bidding convention in contract bridge

title: Walsh


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Diener

A diener is a morgue worker responsible for handling, moving, and cleaning the corpse. In the UK, the equivalent job title is 'Mortuary Assistant', whilst the preparation, evisceration and reconstruction of the deceased is performed by an Anatomical Pathology Technician. In the US, Dieners are also referred to as "mortuary assistants" or "autopsy technicians". The word is derived from the German word Leichendiener, which literally means corpse servant ("Diener" means servant. ).

A diener performs a number of tasks in medical schools and morgues. Helping a pathologist with examining and reconstructing cadavers are main tasks performed by a diener. A diener assists a pathologist or physician during an autopsy completing tasks such as handling tools and supplies, preparation of the deceased before and after autopsy. In addition to physical work with a pathologist and cadavers, dieners do work such as record keeping of identification and documentation of deceased in the form of items such as death certificates.

In the American Moravian Church (German: Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine), the men and (particularly) the women who assist in church services (like the Lovefeast) are called "Dieners", from the German title for their office, Saaldiener or "chapel servant".

Education
Education requirements for a diener includes a high school diploma or a GED certificate. Requirements also include completion of one year of undergraduate coursework composed of at least six semester hours in courses including biology, human anatomy, physiology, zoology, or criminal justice with laboratory work as well. Becoming a diener includes experience working as a laboratory assistant which involved use of surgical tools or human anatomy knowledge, instead of any undergraduate course work. Dieners can use their work experience to pursue a degree in similar fields such as forensics, clinical laboratory work, and law enforcement.

Training
In the beginning stages of working as a diener, there are training requirements. Formal training requirements for a diener includes manual handling, infection control, and safety procedures. The training has two parts: Taught Units and Workplace Competency.

The first portion, Taught Units, consists of five sections.
 * Human Anatomy and Physiology for Anatomical Pathology Technicians
 * Governance and Administration of Mortuary Practices
 * Health and Safety in the Mortuary
 * Microbiology and Infection Control for Anatomical Pathology Technicians
 * Principles of Effective Communication for Anatomical Pathology Technicians

The second portion of formal training, Workplace Competency, consists of five sections as well.
 * Assist with Post Mortem Examinations
 * Preparation and Operation of a Mortuary
 * Prepare for Post Mortem Examinations
 * Team Working
 * Viewing of the Deceased

In addition to formal training, dieners learn how to do basic tasks through shadowing a mentor.

Skills
Skills a diener needs includes physical strength, reasoning, problem solving, attention to detail, and stress tolerance. In addition to the above skills, integrity/honesty, visual identification, flexibility, and reading are other important skills a diener should possess.

Another skill is the ability to work with human remains, diagnostic tools, and surgical instruments involved in a death investigation. A diener is required to be knowledgeable of lab and safety techniques including the collection and preservation of evidence and any tasks involving any chemical, biological, microbiological, pathogenic and miscellaneous hazards.

Places of employment
A diener can work in areas that include hospital mortuaries morgues and medical schools. When working in a medical school, a diener helps train medical students, interns, and residents on performing an autopsy. Dieners help train medical students, interns, and residents in autopsy techniques and procedures.

Duties
The multiple duties of a diener are typically the same wherever employed.

One of the main duties is to assist in autopsies. One duty in assisting with autopsies includes positioning patients for them to be fingerprinted. Another task done as a part of assisting with autopsies involves the removal of organs, tissues, and any fluids (such as blood) from the body. Fingerprinting patients, removing tissues and organs, drawing and spinning blood samples are done as a part of collecting and preserving forensic evidence, which is a portion of the responsibilities for a diener. In autopsy assisting, a diener can collect and keep record of evidence relating to a patient’s death. Examples of collectible evidence includes any body tissues, slides, radiographs, and any on-scene evidence. A diener also performs tasks such as x-rays (body and dental) and developing and evaluating films from x-rays as a part of record keeping. The record keeping of evidence examined in an autopsy by a diener is used in the determination of the cause of death.

In addition to evidence collection and record keeping, a diener has the task of explaining the process of an autopsy in entirety to other employees, law enforcement, and others interested, such as family members of the dead.

A diener performs tasks such as checking inventory and placing orders for equipment and supplies regularly. In addition to performing inventory-related tasks, a diener will clean radiological and medical equipment, as well as inspecting equipment for any issues.

Hazards
There are hazards involved with being a diener. There are approximately six types of hazards that a diener is at risk for: mechanical, sharp force, electrical, chemical, radiation, and infection.

Mechanical hazards categorize harm such as back injury from activity such as transporting cadavers. Sharp force hazards categorize any bodily harm from the use of tools and equipment such as scalpels and needles which resulting in cuts or punctures. Electrical hazards encompass any potential harm in the form of shock from the use of equipment like saws or defibrillators. Chemical hazards include harm from the use of a variety of chemicals used in the autopsy process such as cyanide and formaldehyde. Radiation hazards are related to any exposure from performing x-rays. Infection hazards are due to the potential that a cadaver is infected with a communicable disease.

Promotion opportunities
A diener can be promoted to positions in the mortuary and forensic areas of practice. Dieners can advance to positions (such as a forensic morgue technician) and perform tasks of greater complexity and mainly works with a forensic pathologist, over a general pathologist. Dieners can be promoted to supervisory positions based upon the gaining of supervisory and administrative skills.

Salary
The salary for a diener varies based upon education, experience, employer, and employment location (i.e., city or state of employment). The salary is typically between $25,000 and $38,000 annually.

title: Diener