text:
Francis Sylvester Mahony

Francis Sylvester Mahony (31 December 1804 – 18 May 1866), also known by the pen name Father Prout, was an Irish humorist and journalist.

Life
He was born in Cork, Ireland, to Martin Mahony and Mary Reynolds. He was educated at the Jesuit Clongowes Wood College, Kildare, and later in the College of Saint-Acheul, a similar school in Amiens, France and then at Rue de Sèvres, Paris, and later in Rome. He began teaching at the Jesuit school of Clongowes as master of rhetoric, but was soon after expelled. He then went to London, and became a leading contributor to Fraser's Magazine, under the signature of "Father Prout" (the original Father Prout, whom Mahony knew in his youth, born in 1757, was parish priest of Watergrasshill, County Cork). Mahony at one point was director of this magazine.

He was witty and learned in many languages. One form which his humour took was the professed discovery of the originals in Latin, Greek, or mediaeval French of popular modern poems and songs. Many of these jeux d'esprit were collected as Reliques of Father Prout. He pretended that these poems had been found in Fr. Prout's trunk after his death. He wittily described himself as "an Irish potato seasoned with Attic salt." Later he acted as foreign correspondent to various newspapers, and during the last eight years of his life, his articles formed a main attraction of The Globe.

Mahony spent the last two years of his life in a monastery and died in Paris reconciled to the Church.

The Bells of Shandon
In his native Cork Mahoney is best remembered for his poem "The Bells of Shandon" and his pen-name is synonymous with the city and the church of St. Anne's, Shandon.

"With deep affection and recollection I oft times think of those Shandon bells, Whose sound so wild would in the days of childhood, Fling round my cradle their magic spells, On this I ponder when'eer I wander and thus grow fonder sweet Cork of thee, With thy bells of Shandon that sound so grand on, The pleasant waters of the river Lee. I've heard bells chiming, full many a chime in, Tolling sublime in Cathedral shrine, While at a glib rate, brass tongues would vibrate, But all their music spoke naught like thine; For memory dwelling on each proud swelling, Of the belfry knelling its bold notes free, Made the bells of Shandon sound far more grand on, The pleasant waters of the river Lee. I've heard bells tolling Old 'Adrian's Mole' in their thunder rolling from the Vatican, And cymbals glorious, swinging uproarious In the gorgeous turrets of Notre Dame, But thy sounds were sweeter than the dome of Peter, Flings o'er the Tiber, peelingly solemnly, O, the bells of Shandon sound far more grand on, The pleasant waters of the river Lee. There's a bell in Moscow, while on tower and kiosk o! In Saint Sophia the Turkman gets, And loud in air calls men to prayer, From the tapering summit of tall minarets. Such empty phantom, I freely grant them, But there is an anthem more dear to me, 'Tis the bells of Shandon that sound so grand on, The pleasant waters of the river Lee.'"

Publications
The Reliques of Father Prout originally appeared in two volumes in 1836 with illustrations by Maclise. They were reissued in Bohn's Illustrated Library in 1860. Another volume, Final Reliques, was edited by Douglas Jerrold and published in 1876. The Works of Father Prout, edited by Charles Kent, was published in 1881. Facts and Figures from Italy (1847) was made from his Rome letters to the London Daily News.

Graham Greene reference
The protagonist of Graham Greene's  Travels With My Aunt mentions regretfully his life's unfulfilled ambition "to be recognised as an English Mahony and celebrate Southwood as he celebrated Shandon"

General references

 * "Mahony, Francis Sylvester" ("Father Prout") British Authors of the Nineteenth Century. H.C Wilson Company, New York, 1936
 * The Cabinet of Irish Literature Volume III, Blackie & Son Limited London, 1880
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20070929090727/http://www.shandonbells.org/poem.htm

title: Francis Sylvester Mahony


text:
Norodom Chakrapong

Norodom Chakrapong (born 21 October 1945) is a Cambodian politician, businessman and former major-general of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces. He is the fourth son of Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia and also a half-brother of the current king, Norodom Sihamoni. Chakrapong started his career as a military pilot in 1963. After Sihanouk was overthrown in 1970, Chakrapong spent time under house arrest, then in Beijing as the Head of Protocol of then-Prince Sihanouk, afterwards living overseas before he joined the Funcinpec in 1981 and fought against Vietnamese occupation as a commander of the Armée Nationale Sihanoukiste. In 1991, Chakrapong left Funcinpec to join the Cambodian People's Party (CPP) and served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Cambodia between 1992 and 1993. When the CPP lost the 1993 general elections, Chakrapong led a secession attempt in 1993. In 1994, he was accused of joining a failed coup attempt (which he denied) which led him to be sent into exile. After Chakrapong was pardoned in 1998, he founded a private airline company, Royal Phnom Penh Airways. The airlines later stopped all operations in early 2006.

In 2002, Chakrapong established a royalist party, the Khmer Soul Party. When the Khmer Soul Party failed to win a single parliamentary seat in the 2003 general elections, Charkapong rejoined Funcinpec and briefly served as Senator in 2005. In 2006, Chakrapong was expelled from Funcinpec and joined the Norodom Ranariddh Party. When the Cambodian government pursued legal investigations on the debts Chakrapong accumulated from his airlines, Chakrapong quit politics in 2007. Chakrapong, who was already a privy councillor to the Supreme Privy Council, then dedicated himself to humanitarian work and supporting royal activities. In 2013, Chakrapong was appointed member of the Constitutional Council of Cambodia by the King.

Early life
Norodom Chakrapong was born at the Khemarin Palace in Phnom Penh, Cambodia to Norodom Sihanouk and Sisowath Pongsanmoni. As a young boy, Chakrapong was trained as a ballet dancer at the Royal Ballet of Cambodia, and performed at several state functions when Sihanouk attended or hosted foreign dignitaries when he was Prime Minister. In 1958, Chakrapong was sent with his half-brother Ranariddh to Marseille, France, where they attended high school. After graduating in 1963, Chakrapong returned to Cambodia and became an officer cadet with the Royal Cambodian Air Force where he graduated at the top of his class. After completing his cadet course, Chakrapong was sent back to France for a year where he received extensive training in flying MiG-21 jets. He returned in 1967 and was later commissioned as a lieutenant. When Lon Nol launched a coup against Sihanouk in March 1970, Chakrapong was arrested and kept under house arrest until November 1973. After his release, Chakrapong went to Beijing, China, where he joined his father and served as his father's Chief of Protocol between 1973 and 1975. In 1975, Chakrapong travelled to Yugoslavia at the invitation of Josip Broz Tito. He spent a year at the Yugoslav Air Force Staff College, before he moved to France with his family as political refugees in 1976. Chakrapong settled in Créteil until 1981. During this time, Chakrapong ran a small enterprise to provide a source of income for his family.

First time in Funcinpec
Chakrapong joined Sihanouk in helping to form the Funcinpec in March 1981. He was appointed a commander of the Armee Nationale Sihanoukiste (ANS, informally known as the Funcinpec army). The following year, Chakrapong was made GCKD Minister of Health and Social Affairs for the party, a position that he held until 1984. In March 1985, Chakrapong became the deputy Chief of Staff of ANS. During this time, Chakrapong defended ANS military bases against Vietnamese incursions. In 1989, Ranariddh made Chakrapong to represent Funcinpec in negotiations leading to the 1991 Paris Peace Accords. Chakrapong was against the decision to co-opt the Khmer Rouge into playing any role in future Cambodian governments, a stand that came into conflict with Ranariddh and other senior Funcinpec leaders. Chakrapong was a leading figure of the guerilla war against the Vietnamese occupation, spending most of the time in the jungle at the Cambodia-Thailand border.

Cambodia People's Party, secession and coup attempt
In late 1991, Chakrapong quit Funcinpec to join the CPP at Hun Sen's invitation. He was given a seat in the party's politburo, and in January 1992 Chakrapong was appointed Deputy Prime Minister in charge of civil aviation, tourism, industry, culture, education, and social welfare affairs. Shortly after he was appointed to the post, Chakrapong was appointed director of Kampuchea Airlines. He also encouraged foreign investment in Cambodia and provided support to investors that established financial institutions and enterprises in the country.

When the 1993 general elections were held, Chakrapong campaigned for a Presidential system of government for Cambodia with Sihanouk as president. On 10 June, Chakrapong led a few senior CPP allies, including Sin Song and Bou Thang, to declare the secession of seven eastern Cambodian provinces bordering Vietnam from control by the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC). The region was renamed the "Samdech Euv Autonomous Zone". UNTAC staff personnel were ordered to leave, and Chakrapong issued orders to soldiers under his command to ransack UNTAC and Funcinpec offices in these provinces. Three days later, Ranariddh returned to Cambodia to preside over an emergency parliamentary meeting to reinstate Sihanouk as the country's Head of State. At the same time, Tea Banh issued a directive to the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces to restore order in the seven eastern provinces. When Chakrapong received news of these developments, he fled across the border to Vietnam on 15 June. Sihanouk made a formal request for Chakrapong to drop his secessionist movement and return to Phnom Penh. Chakrapong obeyed his father's request to return and was awarded the military rank of Major-General for the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces.

After a permanent government was formed in September 1993, Chakrapong and Sin Song appealed to the CPP politburo to be reinstated as Members of Parliament. The CPP made several motions for this purpose, but faced strong opposition from Funcinpec members of parliament under Ranariddh's instructions. In May 1994, the CPP was able to secure support from Funcinpec to outlaw the Khmer Rouge in exchange for an agreement not to pursue any further motions to reinstate Chakrapong and Sin Song as Members of Parliament. In July, Chakrapong was accused of participating to a failed coup attempt by Gen. Sin Song. He has always denied his involvement.

Hun Sen ordered soldiers to arrest Sin Song, Sin Sen, and Chakrapong. When Chakrapong heard that Sin Song was arrested, he became worried for his life and safety, and sought refuge at Regent Hotel in Phnom Penh on 3 July. Chakrapong called American journalist Nate Thayer for help, who assisted him to negotiate with government ministers and diplomats for safe passage out of Cambodia. Thayer had initially to sought asylum in the United States but was unsuccessful in contacting US Ambassador Charles Twining. After several hours of negotiations, the government allowed Chakrapong to leave Cambodia for Malaysia. Chakrapong issued a statement to deny his involvement in the coup attempt, and sent a letter to then-Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim for long-term asylum in Malaysia. Anwar turned down Chakrapong's request after Ranariddh expressed disapproval, and Chakrapong subsequently sought long-term refuge in France where he was to stay for the next four years.

Subsequent political career

Chakrapong received a royal pardon from Sihanouk in November 1998 and returned to Cambodia in early 1999. He subsequently rejoined Funcinpec as an ordinary member in March 1999 at Ranariddh's invitation. Chakrapong abstained from playing an active role in the party to avoid renewing tensions with his brother, and focused on his business career. In April 2001, Chakrapong shared the idea of forming a new party with Funcinpec party members. In May 2002, Chakrapong launched the Khmer Soul Party. After the Khmer Soul Party failed to win any seats in the 2003 general elections, Chakrapong dissolved the party and returned to Funcinpec in March 2004. In May 2005, Chakrapong was appointed to the newly minted party post of general-inspector. In January 2006, Chakrapong was elected senator for Prey Veng Province,. Two months later, Ranariddh appointed him secretary-general, but faced opposition from some senior party members such as Nhek Bun Chhay and Lu Laysreng. Within a week of Chakrapong's nomination, the finance ministry issued a bill calling for him to pay up due taxes from a failed airline business venture, prompting Chakrapong to withdraw from the secretary-general post.

In May 2006, an anonymous letter from the Ministry of Information was circulated within the party, stating Ranariddh's purported intention to form a new royalist party. Nhek Bun Chhay followed the issue closely and provided a list of party members who were planning to defect from Funcinpec, which included Serey Kosal and Chakrapong. At the same time, Nhek Bun Chhay appointed Nouv Sovathero party spokesman, while re-designating the then-incumbent party spokesman Chea Chanboribo the personal spokesman for Ranariddh. The cascade of incidents from Nhek Bun Chhay stoked anger from Serey Kosal and Chakrapong who threatened to sue him. When Ranariddh was fired from his position as the president of Funcinpec in October 2006, Chakrapong was also expelled from the party and senate the following month.

Within days after his expulsion, Chakrapong joined Ranariddh to form the Norodom Ranariddh Party (NRP), and was in turn appointed the party's vice president. Ranariddh had been issued two lawsuits over embezzlement of property and adultery, and Chakrapong publicly defended Ranariddh, saying that the lawsuits were politically motivated. After Ranariddh sought exile in Malaysia in March 2007 following his conviction over his embezzlement charges, Chakrapong served as the party's acting president. In the same month, Hun Sen reopened the case on Chakrapong's debts and filed legal charges against him. When the commune elections were held in April 2007, Chakrapong led the NRP to secure 472 out of 11,459 commune councilor seats available. Following the commune elections, Chakrapong resigned from the NRP in June 2007.

Business career
In October 1999, Chakrapong founded Royal Phnom Penh Airways. Chakrapong raised US$2 million from personal savings and bank loans, which he used to acquire one 52-seater Antonov-24 and another 100-seater Yakovlev Yak-42 airplanes. The airlines flew domestic routes within the first year of operations and most of its customers were Chinese, Taiwanese, and Japanese tourists. By May 2001, Royal Phnom Penh Airways secured three authorizations to fly between Phnom Penh–Bangkok, Phnom Penh–Ho Chi Minh City as well as Ho Chi Minh City–Siem Reap. The airlines attempted to secure two additional routes from the Cambodian government—Bangkok-Siem Reap in August 2001 and Siem Reap-Bangkok in August 2002—but lost both bids to other airlines. Chakrapong accused the government political bias in awarding the deals due to his political affiliations. In October 2003, the director of Battambang Airport, Prum Chantha, reported that Royal Phnom Penh Airways had accumulated $1 million in unpaid taxes. Chakrapong suspended domestic flights between Phnom Penh and Battambang as foreign tourists opted for land transport options to provincial capitals which were cheaper than air transport. Royal Phnom Penh Airways had already become bankrupt by March 2006 when the government presented Chakrapong a bill of $1.36 million in unpaid taxes, navigation, and landing fees. When Chakrapong failed to repay the taxes to the government, Hun Sen issued a lawsuit in March 2007 against him.

Awards and appointments
Chakrapong was bestowed the title of Sdech Krom Khun in February 1994, which translates as "The Great Prince". Chakrapong was given the royal title of Samdech Preah Mohessara in August 2004 by Sihanouk shortly before the latter handed over the throne to Sihamoni. Chakrapong was appointed as a privy councilor of the Supreme Privy Council of Cambodia with the rank equivalent to Deputy Prime Minister. He also established a foundation named after his older brother, the Norodom Racvivong Foundation, to support charitable and humanitarian initiatives for the poor. In 2013, Prince Chakrapong was appointed member of the Constitutional Council, as one of the three members representing the King (out of 9 members).

Succession debates to the throne
In the 1990s, a public debate on ensued in Cambodia over the succession to the royal throne after Sihanouk was diagnosed with multiple health problems. Unlike Ranariddh or Sihamoni, Chakrapong was not a popular candidate, and a poll in 1995 by the Khmer Journalists' Association showed that only 6% out of 700 respondents supported Chakrapong's candidacy to the throne. Julio Jeldres, Sihanouk's official biographer, expressed in 1999 that Chakrapong had little chance of becoming the next king due to his alleged involvement in the 1994 coup attempt. In August 2002, Chakrapong raised the idea of holding national elections to choose a successor, and expressed concern over political interference in the Cambodian throne council. Chakrapong's proposal had the support of Jeldres and Son Chhay, an opposition member of parliament who expressed similar concerns, but was opposed by Hun Sen.

Family
Chakrapong's mother, Sisowath Pongsanmoni, was the younger half-sister of Sisowath Kossamak. Kossamak is the mother of Sihanouk, and both Pongsanmoni and Kossamak had the same father, Sisowath Monivong. Pongsanmoni died in 1974. Chakrapong has six full siblings, consisting of three brothers (Yuvaneath, Racvivong and Khemanourak) and three younger sisters (Sorya Roeungsi, Kantha Bopha and Botum Bopha). Khemanourak, Sorya Roeungsi and Botum Bopha were killed by the Khmer Rouge, while Racvivong and Kantha Bopha died young of illness. Yuvaneath is Chakrapong's sole surviving full sibling, and Chakrapong has six other half-siblings by Sihanouk's unions with different wives.

Chakrapong has had seven wives and has thirteen children. Chakrapong past wives include: Hun Soeun, Kethy Tioulong, the daughter of Nhiek Tioulong; Duong Diyath. Duong Yany, Charuvan Duongchan (a Thai national), and Moniren. Following his separation from Moniren,

Chakrapong took Princess Norodom Kachanipha Chakrapong as his wife and she remains his spouse until today.

Children

 * 1) Princess Norodom Nanda Devi (born 1966, by Kethy Tioulong)
 * 2) Prince Norodom Buddhapong (born 1966, by Hun Soeun)
 * 3) Prince Norodom Amarithivong (born 1967, by Hun Soeun)
 * 4) Prince Norodom Naravong (born 1970, by Hun Soeun)
 * 5) Princess Norodom Vimalea (born 1969, by Diyath)
 * 6) Princess Norodom Bophary (born 1971, by Diyath)
 * 7) Prince Norodom Narithipong (born 1972, by Hun Soeun)
 * 8) Prince Norodom Ravichak (born 1974, by Hun Soeun)
 * 9) Prince Norodom Rindra (born 1975, by Duong Yany)
 * 10) Prince Norodom Charurak  (born 1985, by Charuvan Dounchan)
 * 11) Princess Norodom Pongsoriya (born 1997, by Moniren)
 * 12) Prince Norodom Pongmonirith (born 2000, by Moniren)
 * 13) Prince Norodom Ithipong (born 2002, by Moniren)

Grandchildren

 * 1) Princess Norodom Jenna (born 2011)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Norodom Chakrapong


text:
St Marie

St Marie may refer to:

Places

 * St. Marie, Wisconsin, a town in the United States
 * St. Marie, Montana, a census-designated place in Valley County, United States
 * Maaria (S:t Marie), a former municipality in Finland
 * Yli-Maaria (Övre S:t Marie), a district of Turku named after the former municipality
 * Île Sainte-Marie (Nosy Boraha), an island off the east coast of Madagascar
 * Saint Marie (fictional island), in the Lesser Antilles which serves as the setting for the BBC crime drama television series Death in Paradise

Other uses

 * "St. Marie", 4th single from Stone Sour's 2017 album Hydrograd

title: St Marie


text:
Who Mourns for Adonais?

"Who Mourns for Adonais?" is the second episode of the second season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. Written by Gilbert Ralston and Gene L. Coon, and directed by Marc Daniels, it was first broadcast September 22, 1967.

The title is in line 415 of the 1821 elegy Adonais by Percy Bysshe Shelley and roughly means "who mourns for gods?"

In the episode, the crew of the Enterprise are held captive by the Greek god Apollo.

Plot
A huge energy field in the shape of a glowing green hand appears and grabs the USS Enterprise, halting its movement. Captain James T. Kirk tries to shake the ship free, but fails. A humanoid apparition appears on the bridge viewscreen and addresses the ship's crew. Kirk demands that the ship be set free, but the being responds by tightening its grip, threatening to crush the ship until Kirk agrees to the being's demand that the ship's crew be beamed down to the planet below.

Kirk leads a landing party that includes Lieutenant Carolyn Palamas (Leslie Parrish), whose specialties include Greek mythology. The team arrives at what appears to be an ancient Greek temple, where they encounter the humanoid who identifies himself as the god Apollo (Michael Forest). He informs the party that he will not allow them to leave, and renders their communicators and transporter nonfunctional. He indicates that he expects the crew of the Enterprise to worship him as their ancestors did, and in return promises to provide for all their needs and desires. Kirk refuses.

Apollo's attention shifts to Carolyn, angering Mr. Scott, who steps forward to defend her against Apollo's advances. Apollo destroys his phaser and announces he will take Carolyn as his consort. After displaying his power, Apollo appears tired, and vanishes along with Carolyn.

Kirk and McCoy speculate that their captor was one of a group of powerful aliens that visited Earth millennia ago and became objects of worship to the ancient Greeks. Chekov having noticed Apollo's fatigue, Kirk plans to provoke Apollo to test the limits of his power and allow the landing party to overcome him. Meanwhile, Carolyn learns that Apollo belonged to a group of travelers who subsist on love and worship. He is the last of their kind, the others having died over the eons.

Kirk's plan to provoke Apollo is frustrated when Carolyn intervenes to protect the landing party. Apollo instructs Kirk to begin making arrangements for the remaining crew to come down to the planet. Kirk takes Carolyn aside and tells her that she must reject Apollo to save them all from slavery. She reluctantly agrees.

Meanwhile, Mr. Spock locates the power source for the force field holding the Enterprise, and finds a way to communicate and fire phasers through it. Forced to prioritize responsibility over romantic desire, a broken-hearted Carolyn lies through her teeth and tells Apollo her interest in him is purely scientific, likening him to a new strain of bacteria. His feelings hurt, Apollo invokes a thunderstorm while Kirk orders Spock to fire on and destroy the power source.

Defeated, Apollo addresses his fellow gods, admitting that he was wrong, and begging to join them. He fades away. Carolyn is distraught. Kirk notes that humans owe their moral code to the Greek civilisation and mythology, and (along with McCoy) regrets having to destroy Apollo.

Reception
Zack Handlen of The A.V. Club gave the episode a C+ rating, noting that it was occasionally memorable, but "undone by lazy scripting and bizarre dialogue".

Cultural references
The title is a quotation from the poem Adonais by Percy Shelley lamenting the death of John Keats, which is loosely based upon A Lament for Adonis by the Greek poet Bion.

title: Who Mourns for Adonais?


text:
Richard Maitland

Sir Richard Maitland of Lethington and Thirlstane (1496 – 1 August 1586) was a Senator of the College of Justice, an Ordinary Lord of Session from 1561 until 1584, and notable Scottish poet. He was served heir to his father, Sir William Maitland of Lethington, East Lothian, and Thirlestane, Berwickshire, on 15 October 1515, his father being one of the casualties at the Battle of Flodden. He held the political office of Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland and was also the Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland, from 1563 to 1567, and was succeeded in this post by his son Sir John Maitland, 1st Lord Maitland of Thirlestane.

He married Mariotta (or Margaret) (d. March 1586), daughter of Sir Thomas Cranstoun of Corsbie, in Berwickshire. They had three sons and four daughters, including

 * William Maitland of Lethington, Secretary of State to Mary, Queen of Scots, and
 * Sir John Maitland of Thirlestane, Lord Chancellor of Scotland;
 * Thomas Maitland;
 * Isabella Maitland, who married Sir James Heriot of Traboun
 * Marie (d. January 1596), who married Alexander Lauder of Haltoun (d. 1627).
 * Elizabeth, who married William Douglas of Whittinghame.
 * Helen Maitland, who married John Cockburn of Clerkington, and was the mother of Richard Cockburn of Clerkington

The Maitland Manuscripts
Two of Maitland's manuscript works survive; both are compilations of the Scots literature of his era. They preserve many of the works of the great makars and a large number of anonymous pieces. The manuscripts also record many of Maitland's own compositions. Maitland's daughter Marie transcribed his poems as well as her brother John Maitland's and others.

The Maitland Manuscripts are held by the Pepys Library.

Other sources

 * Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, edited by Joseph Jackson Howard, LL.D., F.S.A., vol. 2, London, 1876, p. 206, where his date of death is given as 1 August 1586.
 * The Genealogy of the House and Surname of Setoun, by Sir Richard Maitland of Lethington, Knight, March 1561, with the Chronicle of the House of Setoun compiled in metre (prose) by John Kamington alias Peter Manye, printed at Edinburgh, October 1830.
 * The Register of the Privy Council of Scotland, Second Series, edited by P.Hume Brown, M.A., LLD., Edinburgh, 1900, vol.2, 1627–1628, p. 117.
 * Maitland, Richard, The History of the House of Seytoun to 1559 by Sir Richard Maitland of Lethington continued by Alexnder Viscount Kingston, Maitland Club (1829)
 * "A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen: Hamilton, William-M'Gavin" By Robert Chambers, Thomas Thomson

title: Richard Maitland


text:
St. Martin's

St. Martin's or St. Martins may refer to:

Places

 * St. Martins, Missouri, a city in the USA
 * St Martin's, Isles of Scilly, an island off the Cornish coast, England
 * St Martin's, North Yorkshire, England
 * St Martins, Perth and Kinross, Scotland
 * St Martin's, Shropshire, a village in England
 * St Martin's, Guernsey, a parish in the Channel Islands
 * St Martins (Hillingdon ward), a former electoral ward of Hillingdon London Borough Council that existed from 1978 to 2002
 * St Martin's (Lambeth ward), electoral ward of Lambeth, London, from 1978 to 2002, and since 2022
 * St Martins (Trafford ward), a former electoral ward of Trafford, Greater Manchester, from 1973 to 2003
 * Saint Martins Parish, New Brunswick, Canada
 * Fundy-St. Martins, a village therein
 * St Martins, New Zealand, a suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand
 * St. Martin's Island, a coral reef island of Bangladesh in Bay of Bengal
 * Saint Martin's Island a small island at the mouth of Green Bay in Wisconsin
 * St. Martin's, Wisconsin, a former hamlet in the Town of Franklin, Milwaukee County, Wisconsin
 * Saint Martins, Barbados, a village in Saint Philip Parish

Religion and folklore

 * St. Martin's Church (disambiguation), churches dedicated to St Martin
 * St. Martin's Day, or Martinmas, falling on November 11
 * St. Martin's Land, an enigmatic and likely mythical location associated with the legend of the green children of Woolpit

Education

 * St Martin's Catholic Academy, a secondary school in Leicestershire, England
 * St Martin's College, an institution of higher education in the United Kingdom
 * Saint Martin's University, Lacey, Washington
 * St Martin's School (disambiguation)
 * Central Saint Martins, a school in London, UK

Sport

 * St Martin's GAA (County Kilkenny), a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the Ballyfoyle/Coon/Muckalee area of County Kilkenny, Ireland
 * St. Martin's GAA (Wexford), a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Piercestown, County Wexford, Ireland

Other uses

 * St. Martin's Press, a New York publisher
 * St Martin's Theatre, in the West End of London
 * St. Martins station, a SEPTA Regional Rail station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

title: St. Martin's


text:
John Malcolm

Major-General Sir John Malcolm GCB, KLS (2 May 1769 – 30 May 1833) was a Scottish soldier, diplomat, East India Company administrator, statesman, and historian.

Early life
Sir John Malcolm was born in 1769, one of seventeen children of George Malcolm, an impoverished tenant farmer in Eskdale in the Scottish Border country, and his wife Margaret ('Bonnie Peggy'), née Pasley, the sister of Admiral Sir Thomas Pasley. His brothers included Sir James Malcolm, Admiral Sir Pulteney Malcolm and Sir Charles Malcolm. He left school, family and country at the age of thirteen, and achieved distinction in the East India Company, where he was nicknamed 'Boy Malcolm'.

Career
Arriving at Madras in 1783 as an ensign in the East India Company's Madras Army, he served as a regimental soldier for eleven years, before spending a year in Britain to restore his health. He returned to India in 1795 as Military Secretary to General Sir Alured Clarke, participating en route in Clarke's capture of the Cape of Good Hope. In the Anglo-Mysore wars of 1799 he served with the Hyderabad contingent, and later as joint secretary of the Peace Commission setting up the new government of Mysore. Later that year he was selected by the Governor-General (Lord Mornington, later Marquess Wellesley) to lead a diplomatic mission to Iran. Following his return in 1801 he became Wellesley's private secretary, based in Calcutta (Kolkata).

In the Anglo-Maratha war of 1803–05, he accompanied Sir Arthur Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington) as the Governor-General's representative and diplomatic agent; the two men forming a lifelong friendship. In 1804, he was appointed British Resident at Mysore, but in 1805-6 saw further service in north India with General Lake.

In early 1808, the Governor-General, Lord Minto, sent him on a second mission to Iran, but at this time French influence was dominant in Tehran, and he was rebuffed. Later that year a separate mission from London under Sir Harford Jones arrived in Iran and achieved success, the Iran government having by then become disenchanted with the French. Malcolm was again sent to Iran in 1810, but by that time the British government had decided to conduct diplomatic relations with Iran directly from London, and appointed Sir Gore Ouseley as ambassador.

In 1812, Malcolm returned to Britain for five years' furlough, and spent much of his time as a writer, completing his History of Iran (the first in English derived directly from Iran sources) in 1815. For this he received an honorary DCL from the University of Oxford. Returning to India in 1817, he acted as the Governor-General's agent in negotiations leading up to the third (and last) Anglo-Maratha war. He also acted as a general, leading Company troops to victory against Maharajah Malhar Rao Holkar II at the decisive Battle of Mahidpur (Mehidpoor) on 21 December 1817. In January 1818, Malcolm was placed by the Marquess of Hastings in the military and political charge of Central India (roughly, today's Madhya Pradesh); during the four years he filled that station, his attention was directed to the object of collecting materials for the illustration of its past and present condition. The report hereof he sent to Calcutta, where it was printed by order of Government. Disappointed to being superseded for the governorship of Bombay and Madras by his juniors, Malcolm left for Britain in 1822, where he lived with his family as a country gentleman, completing two more books.

In 1827 he was appointed Governor of Bombay. His governorship was generally successful, despite controversy over an unfortunate quarrel with the judges of the Bombay Supreme Court, who sought to extend their jurisdiction beyond Bombay to the Deccan hinterland, newly acquired by the company from the Maratha Peshwa of Poona. In seeking to end both sati (the self-immolation of widows on their husband's funeral pyres) and female infanticide by moral persuasion, Malcolm visited Gujarat in February 1830 and met Sahajanand Swami, the founder of the Swaminarayan sect of Hinduism, who was advocating similar reforms. He has ever since been remembered in Swaminarayan literature. Together with his predecessor, Mountstuart Elphinstone, he was a pioneer in the promotion of Indian education and the training of Indians for the higher ranks of government. He also served as president of the Literary Society of Bombay

In 1831 Malcolm finally returned to Britain, and immediately became a Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Launceston, supporting his friend the Duke of Wellington in opposition to the Reform Bill. He bought Warfield Hall in Berkshire from the Parry family and busied himself renovating it. His last public act was a speech in April 1833 to the Proprietors (shareholders) of the East India Company, persuading them to accept the Government's terms for renewal of its Charter. Immediately afterwards he suffered a stroke and died on 30 May 1833. He was buried in St James's Church, Piccadilly.

There is a marble statue of Malcolm, by Francis Chantrey, in the north transept of Westminster Abbey. There is also a statue of him in the town hall at Bombay and a 100-foot-high obelisk celebrating his achievements on Whita Hill, above Langholm in Scotland.

Family
In 1807 he married (in Mysore) Isabella Charlotte, the second daughter of General Sir Alexander Campbell. She bore five children, including George Alexander Malcolm.

Legacy
Together with his contemporaries Mountstuart Elphinstone and Sir Thomas Munro, Malcolm was an architect of three early principles of British rule, whose wisdom "was too soon forgotten and remembered too late". Four main themes can be identified. Firstly, India was to be ruled for the benefit of the company – but also of Indians, i.e. no British settlers. Secondly, indirect rule was to be preferred, leaving existing Indian rulers in place wherever possible, with minimal disturbance of traditional methods of governance, religion and social structure. Thirdly, Malcolm helped to develop the role of the District Officer, a small group of powerful administrators with minimal overt force to support them. Fourthly, Malcolm promoted a 'forward' foreign policy; meaning diplomatic engagement with neighbouring states such as Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia.

He was a mentor and inspiration to several celebrated Anglo-Indian statesmen – among them Henry Pottinger, Charles Metcalfe, Alexander Burnes and Henry Rawlinson

Literary works
Malcolm wrote nine books, plus a volume of poetry, as follows:
 * Sketch of the Sikhs (1812)
 * Sketch of the Political History of India (1811)
 * Disturbances in the Madras Army in 1809 (1812)
 * The History of Persia (1815)
 * A Memoir of Central India (1823)
 * The Political History of India (1826)
 * Sketches of Persia (1827) – this book is not written by Malcolm, but by one of his companions in his mission to Iran; the writer remains anonymous and has introduced himself as the traveller; he has referred to Malcolm in his text as ilch, which is a Persian word meaning envoy of a foreign country
 * The Government of India (1833)
 * The Life of Robert, Lord Clive (1836; posthumous)

title: John Malcolm


text:
Metavolcanic rock

Metavolcanic rock is volcanic rock that shows signs of having experienced metamorphism. In other words, the rock was originally produced by a volcano, either as lava or tephra. The rock was then subjected to high pressure, high temperature or both, for example by burial under younger rocks, causing the original volcanic rock to recrystallize. Metavolcanic rocks are sometimes described informally as metavolcanics.

When it is possible to determine the original volcanic rock type from the properties of the metavolcanic rock (particularly if the degree of metamorphism is slight), the rock is more precisely named by appylying the prefix meta- to the original rock type. For example, a weakly metamorphosed basalt would be described as a metabasalt, or a weakly metamorphosed tuff as a metatuff.

Metavolcanic rock is commonly found in greenstone belts.

title: Metavolcanic rock


text:
Thayaga Marumalarchi Kazhagam

Thayaga Marumalarchi Kazhagam (தாயக மறுமலர்ச்சி கழகம்) was a political party in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu launched by Tamil actor and filmmaker T. Rajendar in 1991. The party was formed as a split from Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). The party contested in 11 seats in the 1991 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections and won in 2 of them.

In 1995, after Vaiko's departure from the DMK and the formation of Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK), Rajendar's TMK merged with the DMK. Rajendar left the DMK again in 2004, to form the All India Latchiya Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.

title: Thayaga Marumalarchi Kazhagam


text: Category:Sounding rockets

title: Category:Sounding rockets


text:
Lorenzo Sumulong

Lorenzo Sumulong Sumulong Sr. (September 5, 1905 – October 21, 1997) was a Filipino politician who served in the Philippine Senate for four decades, and as a delegate of his country to the United Nations. He was noted for having engaged in a debate with Nikita Khrushchev at the United Nations General Assembly that (allegedly) provoked the Soviet Union Premier to bang his shoe on a desk.

Early life and education
Sumulong was born in Antipolo, Rizal. He finished law at the University of the Philippines College of Law and went on to top the 1929 bar examinations. In 1932, he obtained a Masters of Law degree from Harvard Law School.

Political career
Sumulong began his political career as a municipal councilor in Antipolo. In the 1946 general elections, Sumulong won a seat in the House of Representatives, representing the 2nd District of Rizal. In 1949, Sumulong was elected to the Philippine Senate. He won re-election to the Senate in 1955 and in 1961. He did not seek re-election in 1967, but would return to the Senate in the 1969 elections. In all, Sumulong remained in Congress for 24 years, initially under the Liberal Party, but later under the Nacionalista Party. He served through the 1st Congress until the 7th Congress.

During his 21-year stint as senator, Sumulong became the chairman of the Senate Committee on Public Accountability (also known as the Blue Ribbon Committee). Through that high-profile position, he investigated noted national controversies such as the Tambobong-Buenavista Estate deal and the Harry Stonehill scandals.

Faceoff with Khrushchev
Sumulong also served as chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations committee, and in that capacity, he led a Philippine delegation to the 902nd Plenary Meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in 1960. During that meeting, Sumulong took the floor and delivered the following remarks challenging the Soviet Union to allow the people of Eastern Europe the free exercise of their civil and political rights.

"My delegation, the Philippine delegation, attaches great importance to this item entitled Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, the allocation of which is now under discussion.

We have been a colonized country. We have passed through all the trials and tribulations of a colonized people. It took us centuries and centuries to fight, to struggle, and to win our fight for the recognition of our independence, and, therefore, it would only be consistent with our history, our experience and our aspirations as a people that we vote in favour of having this item referred to the highest possible level of the General Assembly.

While this is not the occasion to discuss the substance of the item, I would like to place on record my delegation's view on the import as well as on the scope, the extent, the metes and bounds of this item. We feel this to be necessary in view of the statements made at the start of our meeting by the Premier of the Soviet Union. It is our view that the declaration proposed by the Soviet Union should cover the inalienable right to independence not only of the peoples and territories which yet remain under the rule of Western colonial Powers, but also of the peoples of Eastern Europe and elsewhere which have been deprived of the free exercise of their civil and political rights and which have been swallowed up, so to speak, by the Soviet Union."

Khrushchev was incensed by Sumulong's remarks. He denounced the Filipino senator as "a jerk, a stooge and a lackey of imperialism". Khrushchev then took out his shoe, waved it at Sumulong, then banged the shoe on the desk in front of him. The following day, Khrushchev acknowledged that he had offended Sumulong but also asserted that he was likewise offended by the delegate from the Philippines.

Later life
Sumulong's service in Congress ended in 1972, with the abolition of the Philippine Senate upon the declaration of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos. In 1987, President Corazon Aquino named her maternal uncle Lorenzo (sister was Demetria Sumulong Cojuangco) to the Philippine Constitutional Commission of 1986 that drafted the 1987 Philippine Constitution.

Lorenzo is the father of Victor Sumulong, who served as congressman and mayor of Antipolo during the Estrada and Arroyo administrations.

Personal life
Sumulong was married to Estrella Rodriguez and had six children. By way of Francisco Sumulong (born 1695), Sumulong is the fifth cousin thrice removed of Senator Jose W. Diokno, a descendant of Doña Demetria Sumulong y Lindo who moved from Antipolo to Daraga, Albay and Governor-General Felix Berenguer de Marquina.

title: Lorenzo Sumulong


text:
User:Tarsolyger

Hi! I'm a Hungarian user of Wikipedia, my name is TARSOLY Gergely. For more information, visit my homepage. My homepage

title: User:Tarsolyger


text:
Éric Serra

Éric Serra (born 9 September 1959) is a French composer. He is a frequent collaborator of film director Luc Besson.

Early life
Serra was born in Saint-Mandé. His father Claude was a famous French songwriter in the 1950s and '60s, and so Éric was thus exposed to music and its production at a young age. His mother died when he was just seven years old.

Career
In the early 1980s, Éric Serra met director Luc Besson and was asked to score his first film, Le Dernier Combat (1983). Serra has scored all of Besson's directed films to date, except Angel-A (2005) (scored by Anja Garbarek), and several that Besson has written, such as Wasabi.

In 1995, Serra was chosen to compose the score to the James Bond film GoldenEye, and produced a much more modern-sounding avant-garde soundtrack than had been used in previous Bond films. It met with mixed reviews from film critics. While Serra's score has been seen by some as highly innovative, many Bond fans have criticized it and often highlighted the lack of the classic, instantly recognizable Bond leitmotif originally created by Monty Norman and John Barry. The GoldenEye producers later hired John Altman to re-score the tank chase sequence, which incorporated a traditional arrangement of the Bond theme. David Arnold would succeed Serra as Bond composer until 2008.

Serra is sometimes known as RXRA due to the French pronunciation of his name. His composition Little Light of Love on the soundtrack of the film The Fifth Element is credited to RXRA.

Serra has been the partner of Australian model Jodi Luschwitz for 17 years, with whom he has two children: Ashani and Mitivaï.

Other projects
From 1980 to 1988, Éric Serra played bass guitar for French singer Jacques Higelin.

Serra is also a songwriter, notably having written "It's Only Mystery" for the film Subway, "My Lady Blue" for Le Grand Bleu and "Little Light of Love" for The Fifth Element. In 1998 he released an album of rock music titled RXRA which resembles the artist's name when pronounced as initial letters in French.

Serra composed the music for the 2008 Las Vegas Criss Angel/Cirque Du Soleil show 'Criss Angel: Believe'.

Onscreen appearances
Serra has spent little time in front of the camera, choosing to work behind the scenes instead. However, on French television he has made a number of appearances performing music, and notably appeared in the Luc Besson film Subway in which he plays 'Enrico the bassist'.

Film scores
Serra has composed the scores for the following films:

 * Dogman (2023)
 * Anna (2019)
 * Renegades (2017)
 * Lucy (2014)
 * The Lady (2011)
 * Arthur and the War of the Two Worlds (2010)
 * The Extraordinary Adventures of Adèle Blanc-Sec (2010)
 * Arthur and the Revenge of Maltazard (2009)
 * Arthur and the Invisibles (2006)
 * Bandidas (2006)
 * Bulletproof Monk (2003)
 * Rollerball (2002)
 * Décalage horaire (2002)
 * Wasabi (2001)
 * L'Art (délicat) de la séduction (2001)
 * The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc (1999)
 * The Fifth Element (1997) (collaborating on its "Diva Dance" with opera singer Inva Mula)
 * GoldenEye (1995)
 * Léon: The Professional a.k.a. The Professional (1994)
 * Atlantis (1991)
 * Nikita a.k.a. La Femme Nikita (1990)
 * The Big Blue a.k.a. Le Grand Bleu (1988) (European version; a separate soundtrack composed by Bill Conti was created for the US version)
 * Kamikaze (1986)
 * La Nuit du flingueur (Episode 20 of Série noire) (1986)
 * Subway (1985)
 * Le Dernier Combat (1983)
 * L'Avant dernier (1981) (short film)

title: Éric Serra


text:
Extractive distillation

Extractive distillation is defined as distillation in the presence of a miscible, high-boiling, relatively non-volatile component, the solvent, that forms no azeotrope with the other components in the mixture. The method is used for mixtures having a low value of relative volatility, nearing unity. Such mixtures cannot be separated by simple distillation, because the volatility of the two components in the mixture is nearly the same, causing them to evaporate at nearly the same temperature at a similar rate, making normal distillation impractical.

The method of extractive distillation uses a separation solvent, which is generally non-volatile, has a high boiling point and is miscible with the mixture, but doesn't form an azeotropic mixture. The solvent interacts differently with the components of the mixture thereby causing their relative volatilities to change. This enables the new three-part mixture to be separated by normal distillation. The original component with the greatest volatility separates out as the top product. The bottom product consists of a mixture of the solvent and the other component, which can again be separated easily because the solvent does not form an azeotrope with it. The bottom product can be separated by any of the methods available.

It is important to select a suitable separation solvent for this type of distillation. The solvent must alter the relative volatility by a wide enough margin for a successful result. The quantity, cost and availability of the solvent should be considered. The solvent should be easily separable from the bottom product, and should not react chemically with the components or the mixture, or cause corrosion in the equipment. A classic example to be cited here is the separation of an azeotropic mixture of benzene and cyclohexane, where aniline is one suitable solvent.

title: Extractive distillation


text:
User talk:Jakeheimark

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

Helpful links: Editing || Writing a great article || Naming || Style Manual || Policies || Reassigning old edits.

Other Questions? Help || Village pump(everyone gathers here) || What Wikipedia is not

Maintenance: Deleting articles || all maintenance tasks (see also open tasks, below)

Uploading images: please note the origins and copyright status of every image you upload.

To sign your comments, type four tildes like this: ''. This automatically adds your name and the current time.

I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page.

Regards, +sj + 17:19, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jakeheimark


text:
User talk:Cution~enwiki

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

Helpful links: Editing || Writing a great article || Naming || Style Manual || Policies || Reassigning old edits.

Other Questions? Help || Village pump(everyone gathers here) || What Wikipedia is not

Maintenance: Deleting articles || all maintenance tasks (see also open tasks, below)

Uploading images: please note the origins and copyright status of every image you upload.

To sign your comments, type four tildes like this: ''. This automatically adds your name and the current time.

I hope you enjoy being a Wikipedian on en:. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started. You can also leave me questions at my talk page.

Regards, +sj + 17:19, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

wikiversity
If you cast a wikiversity vote, please make a link at your Wikimedia meta-wiki user page linking back to your wikipedia user page. If you do not do so, your vote will not count. --JWSchmidt 20:52, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Cution. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Cution~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:14, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:49, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cution~enwiki


text:
User talk:Texaswebscout

Old Talk
I have deleted any old talk. -Ben 07:11, 21 March 2007 (UTC)

US Airways Sortable Table
The sortable table is not needed that you have displayed. When correcting information especially, it becomes more difficult to identify certain aircraft when in a designated order. The way that it was has become the Universal way of doing fleet tables for airlines. I would suggest you show your table in WikiProject Airlines to see what other people might think about the table before adding it in.--Golich17 03:01, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

Council Bluffs
Hey I was wondering if you were from Council Bluffs or anything? I saw your contribution to Harrahs article and was just wondering. Thanks! —The preceding unsigned comment was added by LocalBandAid02 (talk • contribs) 20:42, 30 March 2007 (UTC).
 * Thanks! (sorry about not signing, I occasionally forget!) Also do you know how to edit the Harrahs Locations at the bottom of all Harrahs Property pages. It said Horseshoe Council Bluff and its just really bothering me because its supposed to be 'Council Bluffs' with the s. Just wondering. Thanks again!--LocalBandAid02 21:19, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

Image:8x10 Mardi Gras-Vert.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:8x10 Mardi Gras-Vert.jpg. I notice the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created that provides substantially the same information. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:

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Non-free use disputed for Image:Harveys Logo.JPG
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Non-free use disputed for Image:Rio logo.JPG
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Non-free use disputed for Image:Station Casinos red logo.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:ShowBoat logo.jpg
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7-Eleven in Texas
The Texas paragraph was not entirely clear, are there still some in Texas? Also, it's probably not necessary to go into such intimate detail about where they are and aren't unless there is a notable story behind why a particular city doesn't have 7-11s but others do.  Dei z  talk 13:57, 22 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Harrahs-totalrewards-gold.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to Image:Harrahs-totalrewards-gold.jpg. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use. Suggestions on how to do so can be found here.

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Replaceable fair use Image:Planethollywoodresort-lasvegas-lobby.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Planethollywoodresort-lasvegas-lobby.jpg. I notice the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created that provides substantially the same information. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:

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Little context in Zonal Employee Discount
Hello, this is a message from an automated bot. A tag has been placed on Zonal Employee Discount, by another Wikipedia user, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. The tag claims that it should be speedily deleted because Zonal Employee Discount is very short providing little or no context to the reader. Please see Wikipedia:Stub for our minimum information standards for short articles. To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait before possibly deleting Zonal Employee Discount, please affix the template to the page, and put a note on its talk page. If the article has already been deleted, see the advice and instructions at WP:WMD. Feel free to contact the bot operator if you have any questions about this or any problems with this bot, bearing in mind that this bot is only informing you of the nomination for speedy deletion; it does not perform any nominations or deletions itself. --Android Mouse Bot 2 20:22, 3 August 2007 (UTC)

Template:Landry's Restaurants
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AfD nomination of Zonal Employee Discount
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METRO Rail Maps
Could you possible do what you did for the Red Line map to the other lines (North/Blue, University/Orange, Uptown/Pink, East End/Brown)? Also, one of the completed 2012 system would be great. —Preceding unsigned comment added by XxTrillvillexX9 (talk • contribs) 19:04, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Rio_Las_Vegas.jpg
I have tagged Image:Rio_Las_Vegas.jpg as replaceable fair use. If you wish to dispute this assertion, please add to the image description page and a comment explaining your reasoning to the the image talk page. Rettetast (talk) 01:00, 22 December 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Wsop Gold total rewards card.JPG
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Wsop seven star total rewards card.JPG
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Speedy deletion of Independent Indoor Football Alliance
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ImperialPalace-LasVegas.jpg
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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Harrahs Logo.gif)
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Notability of Stewart Title
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Image copyright problem with Image:Galvestondailynewslogo.png
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Utah Wikipedia Meetup
--Admrb♉ltz (talk) 22:31, 15 September 2008 (UTC) via AWB

Speedy deletion of Doyle & Debbie
A tag has been placed on Doyle & Debbie requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a band or musician, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for musical topics.

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Proposed deletion of Stewart Information Services Corporation
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article Stewart Information Services Corporation, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process
 * lack of notability as a company; in addition, it does not appear to be possible to verify the accuracy of the sources, as the article contains only self-references.

All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

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Orphaned non-free image (File:Station Casinos red logo.jpg)
 Thanks for uploading File:Station Casinos red logo.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

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An exciting opportunity to get involved!
As a member of the Aviation WikiProject or one of its subprojects, you may be interested in testing your skills in the Aviation Contest! I created this contest, not to pit editor against editor, but to promote article improvement and project participation and camraderie. Hopefully you will agree with its usefulness. Sign up here, read up on the rules here, and discuss the contest here. The first round of the contest may not start until September 1st-unless a large number of editors signup and are ready to compete immediately! Since this contest is just beginning, please give feedback here, or let me know what you think on my talkpage. -  Trevor  MacInnis   contribs  05:44, 23 August 2009 (UTC)

Discussion at Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Proposals/Pinball
You are invited to join the discussion at. —  SMcCandlish   Talk⇒ ʕ(Õلō)ˀ  Contribs. 18:02, 18 January 2010 (UTC) (Using )

Proposed deletion of Spec's Wines, Spirits, & Finer Foods

The article Spec's Wines, Spirits, & Finer Foods has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non-notable business that only has trivial coverage in 3rd party, independent references. Doesn't look like it can grow beyond being a WP:DIRECTORY WP:ADVERT

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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Possible removal of AWB access due to inactivity
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Orphaned non-free image File:Dollar Rent A Car.svg
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Park Inn listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Park Inn. Since you had some involvement with the Park Inn redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Matthew hk (talk) 05:52, 30 January 2019 (UTC)

MfD nomination of Portal:Las Vegas
Portal:Las Vegas, a page which you created or substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; you may participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Portal:Las Vegas and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of Portal:Las Vegas during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Brown HairedGirl (talk) • (contribs) 23:24, 17 May 2019 (UTC)

The WikiEagle - January 2022
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"UNIHD" listed at Redirects for discussion
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title: User talk:Texaswebscout


text:
Talk:Rana Hussein

Surnames
Wikipedians still not seem to understand the Arabic names. Hussein is not a surname. Traditionally, Arabs don't have surnames, a name consists of the personal name + the father's personal name + the grandfather's name etc. So Saddam's daughter's name is not Rana Hussein but Rana Saddam, or Rana Saddam Hussein. Alensha 17:20, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * What? I never heard that before. I, for one, and so do all of those that I know, do have a surname. In fact, Arabs historically put a great deal of consideration to their surname, which define their tribes! Please read more about this. -- Eagleamn 18:00, 28 November 2005 (UTC)
 * What Alensha said is correct. You can see the information about it on Wikipedia if you look at the articles titled "Pakistani name" and "Arabic name"
 * The last paragraph of the second one is probably where you would see the information best although the first one has a little chart if you're a visual person. The article's title should probably be changed to "Rana Saddam" with a redirect from "Rana Hussein" and a reference of some sort within the article. I am new to editing, so I would prefer if someone else did this if there are no objections. Kiega 05:10, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

I wonder how she feels about whats goin' down w/ her dad. (It's kinda strange refering to him like that) The Texas Drama King

TfD nomination of Template:PD-Old regime Iraq
Template:PD-Old regime Iraq has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for Deletion page. Thank you. — Jeff G. (talk|contribs) 17:12, 24 June 2007 (UTC)

well I came here a couple days ago and there was a picture and I came back today and the picture was gone. It was pretty poor to delete the picture here because now nobody knows what she looks like and she is a historical figure. There is no way to replace that picture of her with Saddam Hussein. He is dead! I found the guy who deleted the image and he can't even spell, so at least I told him how to do that.

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 05:08, 12 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Rana Hussein.jpg

title: Talk:Rana Hussein


text:
Gerry St. Germain

Gerry St. Germain (born November 6, 1937) is a former Canadian politician. St. Germain served as a Conservative senator for British Columbia and previously served as a Member of Parliament.

Early life and career
Born in Manitoba of Metis descent, he moved to British Columbia. St. Germain had various jobs prior to entering politics, working variously as a Royal Canadian Air Force pilot, police officer (Winnipeg and Vancouver Police Departments), building contractor, businessman and poultry farmer.

Member of Parliament
A strong Tory supporter, St. Germain was parachuted as a Progressive Conservative into the Mission-Port Moody riding for the byelection there in 1983. St. Germain was elected as a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada at a by-election held on the same day in 1983 that Brian Mulroney was elected.

St. Germain was Member of Parliament for the now defunct riding of Mission—Port Moody from then until 1988. In March 1988, St. Germain joined the Canadian Cabinet as Minister of Transport (Canada) and was later appointed as Minister of Forestry. He was also the political minister for BC at this time.

After his riding's boundaries were changed to create the new riding of Mission-Coquitlam, St. Germain was defeated in the 1988 general election by Joy Langan. From 1989 to 1995, he was the President of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.

Senate
In June 1993, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada just prior to Mulroney's retirement as Prime Minister of Canada. He chose to adopt the division of Langley-Pemberton-Whistler; such Senate divisions are merely symbolic outside Quebec. In 1998, while still a Progressive Conservative, St. Germain explored the United Alternative option, formed by Reform Party of Canada leader Preston Manning, which was an attempt to unite the right. In June 2000, he sat as an Independent Conservative senator, and in October 2000 he became the only Canadian Alliance senator. Since the Canadian Alliance formed the Official Opposition in the House of Commons, St. Germain argued that he should be the Leader of the Official Opposition in the Senate, but his arguments were rejected by the Speaker. At the request of Canadian Alliance Leader Stephen Harper, St. Germain led the negotiations to unite the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party. When the two parties merged in December 2003, St. Germain became a member of the Conservative Party of Canada. On 6 November 2012, St. Germain reached the Senate's mandatory retirement age, 75.

Gerry St. Germain was listed as the top spender for expenses in the Canadian Senate spending $378,292 in one year according to a National Post article.

title: Gerry St. Germain


text:
User talk:Telamon~enwiki

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

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Regards, +sj + 17:21, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Kenjutsu - Japanese Swordmanship Merge
Hello!

The "merge" template on the kenjutsu and japanese swordmanship pages has been annoying me for a while, and now that my final reports are over I was planning to merge the two.

Then I saw you expressed opposition to the merge on the 8th, so I put my thoughts on why the two pages should merge. Would you mind discussing that on the Japanese Swordmanship talk page? :-)

See you! Claus Aranha 11:51, 22 January 2006 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Telamon! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 00:59, 16 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Luis Royo -

Proposed deletion of Luis Royo

The article Luis Royo has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * BLP unreferenced since 2006. Fix or delete. Poorly written article about artists of little apparent note.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Telamon. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Telamon~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 19:34, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Telamon~enwiki


text:
Category:English satirists

Satirists from England.

title: Category:English satirists


text:
User talk:HyDrAn

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

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title: User talk:HyDrAn


text: Category:Satirists by nationality

title: Category:Satirists by nationality


text:
User talk:Robert.halberg

Welcome, robert
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia.

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Regards, +sj + 17:22, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Robert.halberg