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ZKM Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe

The ZKM | Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe (until March 2016: ZKM Center for Art and Media Technology), a cultural institution, was founded in 1989 and, since 1997, is located in a former munitions factory in Karlsruhe, Germany. The ZKM (German: Zentrum für Kunst und Medien) organizes special exhibitions and thematic events, conducts research and produces works on the effects of media, digitization, and globalization, and offers public as well as individualized communications and educational programs.

The ZKM houses under one roof exhibition spaces, the research platform Hertz Lab, a library and a media library, thus combining research and production, exhibitions and events, archive and collection. The ZKM operates at the interface of art and science, and addresses new knowledge in the area of new technologies to develop it further. Since the death of founding director Heinrich Klotz (1935–1999), the ZKM has been directed by Peter Weibel, later together with Christiane Riedel. Besides the ZKM, the former munitions factory also houses the associated Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design, and the Städtische Galerie Karlsruhe [Municipal Art Gallery of Karlsruhe].

Mission
"The mission of the ZKM is to explore the creative possibilities of connecting the traditional arts and media technologies to achieve innovative results. The goal is to enrich the arts, not to amputate them by technical means. This is why traditional art and media art must compete with one another. The ZKM is a place which supports both – each for itself and together. The Bauhaus, founded in Weimar in 1919, can be regarded as its model." – Heinrich Klotz

The ZKM's mission as formulated by founding director Heinrich Klotz in 1992 was implemented and developed further in the years that followed. Today, following guiding ideas mainly inform the work of the ZKM:

 * The ZKM is a location for all forms of contemporary art.
 * As a center for research and development on theory and practice, the ZKM brings together artists, scholars, and scientists from a variety of disciplines.
 * Through collecting and safeguarding works of art and historical equipment, as well as building a comprehensive archive of twentieth and twenty-first century arts, the ZKM is a preserver of cultural heritage. Here, the conservation of "digital art" is accorded special importance.

History
The founding of the Center for Art and Media goes back to the early 1980s. In the context of an ever-expanding media landscape and a changing art world, representatives from local government, the University of Karlsruhe, the University of Music Karlsruhe, the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe [Center for Nuclear Research Karlsruhe] and other institutions, as well as organizations and representatives of the Karlsruhe art scene formed the ZKM Project Group in 1986. In February 1988 the ZKM Project Group presented the results of their work, titled Concept ‘88, which described the initiative to bring the arts and the new media together in both theory and practice.

With the founding of a board of trustees in 1989 and the appointment of Heinrich Klotz as founding director, the ZKM became a concrete reality. Three dates mark the ZKM's foundation: the local council's resolution dated May 9, 1989; the decision by the Council of Ministers of the State of Baden-Württemberg dated 3 June 1989; and the entry into force of its statutes on 12 August 1989. To begin with, the ZKM occupied various buildings around the city. Prior to moving to its present location, the ZKM's media art festival MultiMediale (MultiMediale 1–5, 1989–1997) was held at changing locations.

For a considerable time, the ZKM's future permanent location was envisaged in an area to the south of Karlsruhe Central Station. An international architecture competition for a new building on the site was announced in March 1989, from which a visionary design by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas resulted. However, construction of the so-called Koolhaas-Cube was abandoned in 1992 for reasons of costs and space and instead, a disused factory building would be converted. Karlsruhe Council opted for repurposing Hallenbau A [Hall A], built 1914–1918 by architect Philipp Jakob Manz as a weapons and munitions factory, which was then an industrial ruin. The building, 312 meters long and divided into ten atria, was on the former factory site of the Industriewerke Karlsruhe-Augsburg (IWKA), which had been an industrial brownfields since the 1970s in the south-west of Karlsruhe that separated the city center from the surrounding urban areas. The conversion, based on plans drawn up by the Hamburg office of Schweger Architects, and the construction of the blue Cube annex inspired by Koolhaas's original design, commenced in 1993. When the ZKM moved to its new premises in 1997 it had studios and institutes for research and production (Institute for Visual Media, Institute for Music and Acoustics), a media theater, spaces for concerts and events, a media center, a Mediathek, and a Media Museum. In the second construction phase, the rooms housing the Museum of Contemporary Art (moved in 1999) and the associated Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design (moved in 2001) were completed. From 2004 to 2005 the formerly independent Museum of Contemporary Art was reintegrated into the ZKM. In March 2016 the ZKM Center for Art and Media Technology changed its name to ZKM Center for Art and Media.

ZKM | Media Museum
The central concerns of the Media Museum turn on the history and critique of the new media, which have been transforming the forms of everyday life for the past 50 years. Computer, telephone and Internet intervene in social and individual lives in that technical components become increasingly important. A further focus of the Media Museum is the interaction between observer and work of art: only through the actions and reactions of every single visitor do works actually emerge – the visitor itself becomes an element in the installation and, in this way, is able to explore the treatment with new technologies. With works of media art and interactive installations artists and scientists question media-technological developments and visions. Temporary exhibitions, such as "net_condition. Art/Politics in the Online Universe" (September 1999 to February 2000), "Iconoclash. Beyond Image Wars in Science, Religion and Art" (from May to September, 2002) or "bit international" (February 2008 to January 2009) were highly respected both nationally and abroad.

ZKM | Museum of Contemporary Art
Since December 1999, the Museum of Contemporary Art has been located in the atrium 1 and 2 of the former munitions factory. Across 7.000 sqm exhibition space, the museum displays works from private collections, namely the FER COLLECTION, the Sammlung Grässlin [Grässlin Collection], the Sammlung Siegfried Weishaupt [Weishaupt Collection], the collection of the Landesbank Baden-Württemberg, VAF-Stiftung / Museo di arte moderna e contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto [VAF Foundation / Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art of Trento and Rovereto] (MART), as well as the Boros Collection, together with exponents drawn from the ZKM Collection and further collaborating collections. Temporary exhibitions, above all from the second half of the twentieth centuries through to contemporary approaches in contemporary art are presented. Among others monographic exhibitions, on Bruce Nauman, Bill Viola, Sigmar Polke, Franz West, Sylvie Fleury, Martin Kippenberger and Tobias Rehberger have been taking place since 1999. Special, thematic exhibitions were, inter alia "Making Things Public. Atmospheres of Democracy"   (March to October, 2005), "Light Art from Artificial Light"  (November 2005 to August 2006), "Medium Religion"  (November 2008 till April 2009) or "The Global Contemporary. Art Worlds after 1989"  (September 2011 to February 2012). Furthermore, smaller scale exhibitions are held in the museum project spaces.

Events
The form and content of events vary: from opera with multimedial stages to scientific symposia and popular concerts through to performances, dance or film-screenings. Here, the ZKM functions both as an organizer and cooperation partner, but also leases out its facilities. The events take place in various spaces, among others, the Lecture Hall, the Media Theater, the Foyer and the ZKM_Cube.

The ZKM
The ZKM | Karlsruhe has a total area of 15,000 m2 with exhibition spaces, research laboratories, a media library, event spaces, and workshop spaces.

Exhibitions

 * Atrium 1 & 2
 * Atrium 8 & 9
 * PanoLab
 * Subraum

Research and production

 * Hertz Lab
 * Lab for Antiquated Video Systems

Event spaces

 * Media Theater
 * Lecture Hall

Workshop rooms

 * BÄMlab

The exhibition spaces are open to the public as well as the library and the Media Lounge. Further, in the foyer of the ZKM visitors will find the Info Point, the Museum Shop, and the Mint Café/Bistro.

Funding
The basic funding of the ZKM is provided in equal parts by the City of Karlsruhe and the State of Baden-Württemberg.

Exhibitions and events
In exhibitions and events, the ZKM shows approaches and themes of contemporary art, but also presents artists and art movements that are almost forgotten, as well as artworks in various media and genres – from Artificial Intelligence installations to oil paintings.

Every year, on 6 January, the ZKM and the Städtische Galerie hold an Open Day where admission is free of charge.

Exhibitions
Since 1989 the ZKM | Karlsruhe has been mounting exhibitions – interactive, participatory, and performative – as well as producing the accompanying publications. In changing thematic and monographic exhibitions organized in the ZKM's 15,000 m2 exhibition spaces, contemporary developments in art and society are presented in all types of media and using all kinds of methods.

Together with the research facilities, the labs and departments of the ZKM, as well as partner institutions and research facilities from all over the world, the curatorial department develops the ZKM's diverse exhibition program in close collaboration with the board of directors and an international network of guest artists, scholars, scientists, and curators.

The ZKM is involved in a large number of international collaborative projects, which enables the ZKM's exhibitions and their content to be made available to a global audience. The own exhibitions curated by the ZKM are regularly presented internationally. In 2018, 20 ZKM exhibitions were on show at locations around the world, including in Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Hungary, the Philippines, India, South Korea, and China.

In 2018, CryptoKitties was used by the ZKM Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe to showcase blockchain technology.

Events
Alongside the exhibitions, events take place as platforms for exchanging opinions and information with visitors and figures from various spheres of social life such as politics, the economy, and philosophy. The form and content of the events vary: from opera with a multimedia stage, scientific symposia, and popular concerts to performances, dance, and film screenings. Here, the ZKM functions both as an organizer and collaboration partner, and also as a contact for leasing out its facilities. The events take place in various spaces, for example, the Lecture Hall, the Media Theater, the Foyer, and the ZKM Cube.

Since 2014 the Gulash Programming Night has been held at the ZKM and the HfG. This four-day conference of the German and international hacker scene is organized by the Karlsruhe branch of the Chaos Computer Club. The ZKM contributes lectures to Gulash Programming Night event and organizes special tours.

From 2011 to 2017 the ZKM conferred the AppArtAward annually together with Cyberforum e.V., CAS Software AG, and other partners. The AppArtAward was conferred on apps that are artworks and combine creative aspects and use of technological possibilities. The competition had various categories, each with a prize of €10,000. Categories included Prize for Artistic Innovation, Special Prize for Crowd Art, and Special Prize for Art and Science.

Research and production
The ZKM's research institutes develop transdisciplinary projects. Research is partly conducted by the ZKM, and partly in collaboration with other education and research institutions. The goal is to analyze and trial the latest technologies to determine their applicability and relevance for art and the information society, which is increasingly connected on a global scale and communicates online.

Hertz Lab
The Hertz Lab was established in 2017. It combines the Institute for Visual Media and the Institute for Music and Acoustics.

The main activities of the Hertz Lab are art production and research on media technology. Contemporary concepts – for example, artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR) in virtual reality (VR) and AR applications, immersive or sensor-based environments, and investigating the artistic potential of electromagnetic fields – are considered across genres and media, examined in terms of their artistic applicability, and realized in productions.

The name Hertz Lab refers to the German physicist Heinrich Hertz.

Archives and collections
The ZKM Collection was founded by the ZKM's first director, Heinrich Klotz, in the early 1990s and has been added to ever since. The collection is based on a specific approach to the different art genres and media: whereas painting and sculpture were hermetically sealed off from the new influences of video art and photography which were gradually establishing themselves, the ZKM's collecting activity is distinguished by transcending such traditional genre divisions. While the Museum of Contemporary Art's collection contained artworks of all genres from the very beginning, the Media Museum's collection initially only contained works of interactive media art most of which were produced in-house. Over 500 international guest artists produced a vast number of works at the ZKM, which entered the ZKM Collection after their initial presentation in Karlsruhe. Consequently, the ZKM has one of the largest collections of media art in the world, extending back to the beginning of video art, electronic installations, and holography. In addition to these there is the collection of approximately 1,200 art videos and 13,800 audio tracks, which are not stored in the museum, but can be accessed via the ZKM | Media Library.

The Video Collection was one of the first of its kind in Germany, and helped to raise public awareness of video as an independent art form. The collection contains works of video art from the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, and other works, such as the video magazine Infermental. Through the work of the Laboratory for Antiquated Video Systems, which is connected to the Media Library, it has been possible to rescue extensive video collections in Europe and the US from degenerating, and make them accessible to the public.

The Audio Collection contains contemporary music with an emphasis on electroacoustic music. In addition to audio recordings, the collection includes scores, specialist publications, historic photographs, and posters. Of especial importance is the International Digital Electro-acoustic Music Archive (IDEAMA), which includes pieces of electro-acoustic music from its beginnings through to the present.

In addition to works of video art and electronic music, the ZKM acquires archives and documents on the electronic arts, that is, on video art, electroacoustic music, computer art, and inter-media art forms.

The joint library of the ZKM and the Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design (HfG) has holdings of approximately 60,000 books, journals, and digital storage media. Thematically, it concentrates on twentieth and twenty-first century art and, first and foremost, on media art, architecture, design, media theory, film, photography, and electroacoustic music. The library's entire holdings can be researched via the Internet.

Publications
In collaboration with publishers, the ZKM publishes exhibition catalogs and specialist works on the monographic and thematic exhibitions.

ZKM Publications (a selection):
 * Peter Weibel, ed., Negativer Raum. Trajectories of Sculpture in the 20th and 21st Centuries, ZKM | Karlsruhe; MIT Press, Cambridge (Mass.), 2021
 * Bruno Latour, Peter Weibel, eds., Critical Zones. The Science and Politics of Landing on Earth, ZKM | Karlsruhe; MIT Press, Cambridge (Mass.), 2020.
 * Peter Weibel, eds., Beuys Brock Vostell. Aktion. Partizipation. Performance 1949–1983, ZKM Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie, Karlsruhe: Hatje Cantz, 2014, ISBN 978-3-7757-3864-4.
 * Hans Belting, Jacob Birken, Andrea Buddensieg, and Peter Weibel, eds., Global Studies: Mapping Contemporary Art and Culture, ZKM | Karlsruhe; Hantje Cantz, Ostfildern 2011.
 * Peter Weibel, ed., Car Culture: Medien der Mobilität, ZKM Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie, Karlsruhe 2011, ISBN 978-3-9282-0142-1.
 * Christoph Blase and Peter Weibel, eds., Record again! 40jahrevideokunst.de Teil 2. Hantje Cantz, Ostfildern 2010. Edition of the exhibition at ZKM: July 17 – September 6, 2009.
 * Gregor Jansen and Thomas Thiel, eds., Vertrautes Terrain: aktuelle Kunst in & über Deutschland (Contemporary Art in & about Germany), ZKM | Karlsruhe, Heidelberg: Kehrer Verlag, 2009. Exhibition at ZKM: May 22 – October 12, 2008.
 * Harald Falckenberg and Peter Weibel, eds., Paul Thek. The Artist's Artist, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2009. Edition of the exhibition at ZKM: December 15, 2007 – March 30, 2008.
 * Peter Weibel and Andrea Buddensieg, eds., Contemporary Art and the Museum: A Global Perspective, ZKM | Karlsruhe; Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz, 2007
 * Peter Weibel and Gregor Jansen, eds., Light Art from Artificial Light. Light as Medium in 20th and 21st Century Art, ZKM Karlsruhe; Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz, 2007. Exhibition "Lichtkunst aus Kunstlicht" at ZKM: November 19, 2005 – August 6, 2006.
 * Bruno Latour and Peter Weibel, eds., Making Things Public. Atmospheres of Democracy, ZKM | Karlsruhe; Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2005. Exhibition at ZKM: March 20 – October 3, 2005.
 * Jeffrey Shaw and Peter Weibel, eds., Future Cinema. The Cinematic Imaginary After Film. ZKM | Karlsruhe; Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2003. Exhibition at ZKM: November 16, 2002 – March 30, 2003.

Publications about the ZKM (a selection):

 * Peter Weibel and Christiane Riedel, eds., ZKM Guide 1989–2009, ZKM | Karlsruhe, 2010, ISBN 978-3-928201-40-7
 * Jörg Reimann and Peter Weibel, eds., 99,9% und mehr : Künstler-Gruppenprojekte "vor" dem ZKM, Karlsruhe, 2009, ISBN 978-3-928201-37-7
 * Hans-Peter Schwarz, ed., Medien-Kunst-Geschichte, Munich: Prestel, 1997, ISBN 3-7913-1836-5
 * Heinrich Klotz, ed., Kunst der Gegenwart, Munich: Prestel, 1997 ISBN 3-7913-1835-7
 * Eckart Hannmann, "Umbau der ehemaligen Waffen- und Munitionsfabrik in Karlsruhe zu einem Kunst- und Medienzentrum", Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg, 27, no. 2 (1998): 66ff. (PDF)

Film

 * Museum tour with Markus Brock: Das ZKM Karlsruhe. First screened on 3sat, 14 July 2013

title: ZKM Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe


text:
Talk:Empire Builder/to do

 * Add a photo of the coaches in commuter service in New Jersey
 * Add the train's historic logo
 * Add a sample timetable for the train's operation
 * Add a timeline of significant events for both eras

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Empire Builder/to do


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Stefan Kaczmarz

Stefan Marian Kaczmarz (March 20, 1895 in Sambor, Galicia, Austria-Hungary – 1939) was a Polish mathematician. His Kaczmarz method provided the basis for many modern imaging technologies, including the CAT scan.

Kaczmarz was a professor of mathematics in the faculty of mechanical engineering of Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów from 1919 to 1939, where he collaborated with Stefan Banach.

The circumstances of Kaczmarz's death are unclear. In early September 1939, after World War II broke out, he was called up for Polish military service as a reserve lieutenant. He sent a letter to his wife on 4 September and was not heard from afterwards. Theories for his death include the possibility that he died soon after near Nisko (the source of his last letter to his wife) in a German bombing raid on a train he was traveling in, that he died later that month in combat against the Germans near Umiastów, or that he was murdered by the NKVD in April or May 1940 as part of the Katyń massacre.

title: Stefan Kaczmarz


text:
Talk:Great Northern Railway (U.S.)

(US) vs. (United States)
Discussion about the title of this article and its recent change can be found at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (acronyms). Feel free to contribute. -- hike395 16:22, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I see that this issue is not settled as the page was moved 12:55, August 27, 2006 by . I've left the user a note to ask why the page was moved seemingly without consensus. Slambo (Speak) 18:47, 28 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Seeing no consensus discussion elsewhere, I've moved it back. Slambo (Speak) 19:13, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

Chicago redirects to Chicago, Illinois
Since Chicago is just a redirect to Chicago, Illinois, it seemed pointless to pipe the user to Chicago when clicking on Chicago, Illinois. slambo 13:54, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * It used to be the opposite until two days ago. Not sure why, there doesn't seem to be consensus either way at Talk:Chicago, Illinois. JYolkowski // talk 17:29, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * That would explain the large number of "fixing Chicago link" messages in my watchlist two days ago. The so-called fix didn't seem to fix anything, but changed the displayed text from either Chicago, Illinois or Chicago, IL to just Chicago. The other editor didn't even use the pipe trick to keep the displayed text unchanged. Since the standard name format for pages about American cities is "City, State", and the other formats redirect to it, I didn't see much of a reason not to restore the original versions and bypass the redirects to Chicago, Illinois. slambo 17:58, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)

Route map
I'm working on a route map, using DeLorme Topo USA software (and, of course, a GN route map). I'm hoping I'll finish it and be able to upload it soon. --Elkman - (Elkspeak) 21:27, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

Why isnt threre any thing about the survey thingy he did? someone put it on here —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Jeremey leestma (talk • contribs) 20:12, October 23, 2006.

Can anyone add something about the GN hotels in Glacier National Park? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.109.227.45 (talk) 16:59, August 27, 2007 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:GN Empire Builder combined.png
The image Image:GN Empire Builder combined.png is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for the use in this article.
 * That this article is linked to from the image description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --22:45, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: nomination withdrawn Armbrust The Homunculus 07:25, 31 March 2013 (UTC)

Great Northern Railway (U.S.) → Great Northern Railway (United States) – I believe that the use of the full country name as the disambiguator is preferred, and the short form/abbreviation is discouraged. The Bushranger One ping only 21:36, 29 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Rename proposal withdrawn. Manual of Style/Abbreviations says the abbreviation is preferred. - The Bushranger One ping only 07:24, 30 March 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from:. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.)

For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, and, if allowed under fair use, may copy sentences and phrases, provided they are included in quotation marks and referenced properly. The material may also be rewritten, providing it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Therefore, such paraphrased portions must provide their source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Mackensen (talk) 18:28, 22 August 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Chicago Illinois terminus
It looks like it went all the way to Chicago and also included servicing State of Illinois. Unless that was a different railroad that should be dotted not red. B137 (talk) 01:13, 25 March 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Great Northern Railway (U.S.)


text:
Talk:Great Northern Railway (U.S.)/to do

 * Expand the history section
 * Add a photo or two of GN trains
 * Add information about GN's role in forming Glacier Nat'l Park
 * Add Details about Paint Schemes
 * Either remove or expand Preserved Diesels section
 * Expand Rolling Stock section


text:
User:Willard

Bleep.

title: User:Willard


text:
Talk:Green Bay and Western/to do

 * Add further narrative on the management of the railroad during its lucrative middle years
 * Add discussion that the railroad primarily stuck to ALCO products
 * Add discussion of the predecessor lines before the railroad's official creation
 * List preserved GBW equipment and their locations

title: Talk:Green Bay and Western/to do


text:
Talk:H.K. Porter, Inc.

Assessment comment
Substituted at 16:55, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

Catalogues

 * Light Railways Catalogue 1889 --NearEMPTiness (talk) 13:48, 20 January 2020 (UTC)

Improper name of company
The H K Porter Inc is a Boston manufacture of bolt cutters and other tools. This wiki entry titled “H K Porter, Inc is correct for Henry Knox Porter of Everett, MA. This entry should be titled H K Porter & Co, HK Porter Co, or H K Porter Co., Inc, the succession of company names, of Pittsburg, PA. The owner of H K Porter Co was Henry Kirke Porter. Oddly the Boston Porter was born and died 6 years after the Porter of Pittsburg. 208.100.136.236 (talk) 02:45, 15 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:H.K. Porter, Inc.


text:
Stratford and Moreton Tramway

The Stratford and Moreton Tramway was a 16-mile (25-km) long horse-drawn wagonway which ran from the canal basin at Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire to Moreton-in-Marsh in Gloucestershire, with a branch to Shipston-on-Stour. The main line opened in 1826, whilst the branch to Shipston opened in 1836.

The tramway was used to carry Black Country coal to the rural districts of southern Warwickshire via the Stratford-on-Avon Canal, and limestone and agricultural produce northwards.

The northern part of the tramway had fallen into disuse by the early 1900s and was dismantled in 1918. The southern section between Moreton-in-Marsh and Shipston-on-Stour was converted into a steam railway in 1889 and continued in use as a minor branch line until 1960.

Background
The act of Parliament for the line was passed in 1821 and construction was completed in 1826, the route having been surveyed by the railway promoter William James and engineered by John Urpeth Rastrick.

The tramway was built as part of an early and ambitious scheme known as the Central Junction Railway promoted by William James, to link the Midlands with London via canal between Birmingham and Stratford-upon-Avon, tramway to Oxford, and finally by river barge down the River Thames to London. However, only part of this route, to Moreton-in-Marsh, and one of the three planned branches was ever built. It was built with the Stephenson gauge, adopted by George Stephenson in the north-east of England.

The branch to Shipston-on-Stour, was authorised on 10 June 1833, and opened on 11 February 1836.

Operational history
Goods traffic was conveyed by licensed carriers in their own wagons. They could also purchase a further licence costing £12 per annum, to carry passengers.

By 1829, the tramway was making an operating profit, although the profits were not sufficient to pay off the considerable debts which the tramway had accrued.

The steam hauled Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway (OW&WR) opened in 1853 serving Moreton-in-Marsh with a new railway station, which severed the terminal buildings from the branch. This had compelled the OW&WR to take over the tramway on a perpetual lease from 1 May 1847. The OW&WR itself became part of the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1863. The OW&WR upgraded the line all the way to Stratford to carry main-line wagons, albeit still horse-drawn, as the original Act of Parliament forbade the use of steam locomotives; although this enabled some through traffic to operate, it did not do much to improve the fortunes of the line, and in 1859 the OW&WR opened a branch to Stratford from Honeybourne which took most of the through traffic, and which ended any hopes of the tramway becoming a financial success. Although the tramway continued to carry some traffic, by 1904, the northern section of the tramway to Stratford had become disused, and the tracks were lifted in 1918 as a wartime economy measure. The line was formally abandoned by an Act of Parliament in 1926, exactly 100 years after it had been opened.

The southern portion of the tramway between Moreton and Shipston-on-Stour however lasted longer: The GWR upgraded the line to allow it to be converted it into a conventional steam railway; to do this they had to obtain an Act of Parliament to allow the use of steam locomotives. The line reopened in its new form on 1 July 1889 with locomotive operation, It therefore became the Shipston-on-Stour branch of the Great Western Railway. The sharp curves of the tramway alignment made it a slow journey. A passenger service of four trains each way per-day operated until 8 July 1929. Goods operation continued until closure on 2 May 1960.

Remains
The most prominent remaining piece of infrastructure, is the tramway's brick arch bridge across the River Avon at Stratford, which remains in use as a public footbridge, and is still known as the Tramway Bridge.

One of the horse-drawn wagons, which belonged to Thomas Hutchings of Newbold Lime Works, is preserved a short distance north of the Tramway Bridge, near the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre in Stratford-on-Avon, which sits on a short stretch of preserved tramway track on stone blocks. Newbold Lime Works would have been at Newbold on Stour.

Another old coal wagon from the tramway is preserved at the National Railway Museum at York. This dates from c. 1840, and was formerly used by Thomas James, Coal Merchant, Shipston-on-Stour.

Uses since closure
In 2020, as a result of more people walking and cycling during the COVID-19 pandemic, a Community Interest Company called Old Tramway Revived was set up with the aim to reopen more of the old tramway route south from Stratford-upon-Avon alongside the A3400 as an active transportation corridor towards Shipston. The company has already received support from several of the local councils, and in a presentation to the Stratford Society it was noted that there was a previous abandoned attempt to reopen the route in the mid 1980s that used Manpower Services Commission labour to clear some of the line.

title: Stratford and Moreton Tramway


text:
User talk:Knucmo2

User talk:Knucmo2/Archive 1

Off-wiki personal attacks poll
Since you have previously participated in discussions about the off-wiki NPA policy, I wanted to let you know about a quick opinion poll that is now posted on the Talk page there. Your input is appreciated!

 * Wikipedia_talk:No_personal_attacks

Strom 21:56, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

Confusion?
Hey, you sent me a message about my contributions.

I am sorry, but you had me confused with another member, although I was looking through the test page recently.

I may have changed the Missouri Compromise, but I don't remember. If I did, I'm sorry. It may have been my brother :)

Keep up the good work! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.15.65.104 (talk • contribs)

Karl Marx
Do you have a reference for this thing about Marx thinking that the replacement of capitalism by communism is 'inevitable'? I mean, I know "everyone knows" that Marx thought that, but do you actually know where he might have said it? Because I've never come across it. mg e kelly 12:28, 6 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes I do, see the talk page at Marx. --Knucmo2 12:34, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

Pac-Man
Thanks for your automated comment, it made me chuckle. Who knew a one-letter difference could cause such a fuss over time... Check the talk page. 82.92.119.11 22:01, 7 May 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for voting in my RfA!
Thanks for the vote in my RfA! It didn't gain consensus, but I'm really glad I accepted the nomination. - Amgine 15:35, 10 May 2006 (UTC)

Your vote on my RFA
Thank you for voting on my RFA, however I've decided to withdraw my nomination. I'll perhaps nominate myself in the future once I have more experience, and not to immaturely release RFAs. Until then, I'll continue working on Wikipedia. — THIS IS M ESSED OCKER  (TALK) 21:04, 12 May 2006 (UTC)
 * No problem, don't be too hard on yourself by calling your action "immature". Premature perhaps. --Knucmo2 22:55, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

Roger Hedgecock
I believe the article states taht Hedgecock's conviction for perjury was overturned. He therefore does not belong in the "Perjuror" category. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.123.210.241 (talk • contribs) 23:11, 12 May 2006

 * Hmmm, I was unsure. Plus I wouldn't rely on Wikipedia - it is a tertiary source of information - I'd look it up elsewhere.  If you've got a source overwrite my change  --Knucmo2 23:14, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

My RFA
Hi ,

Thank you for any constructive criticism you may have given in my recent unsuccesful RFA. I will strive to overcome any shortcomings you may have mentioned & will try & prove myself worthy of your vote in the future.

Cheers

Srik e it ( talk ¦  ✉  )  09:57, 13 May 2006 (UTC)

What kind of cleanup?
Dear Knucmo2, criticism always should be concrete. You demanded a cleanup of my (my=unfortuneately nobody else contributed). What exactly do you want me (or others) to do? (Brush up my English? This had better be done by a native speaker). Please let me know. Thanks and greetings hjn 07:10, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Which page are we talking about? --Knucmo2 08:26, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Hans_Albert hjn 09:31, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Ah right yes. Well, it's not written in a professional level, but I understand that you are not a native speaker of English, in which case you've done a good job writing it in your second language.  The size of the picture needs to be reduced, and moved to the right.  His biography needs to be put into prose format rather than a series of bullet points.  Also, the other sections containing bullet points have to be gotten rid of (don't remove the content associated with them, just incorporate it into the article - its dead easy).  The article is missing external links and citations.  Finally it needs copyediting for proper grammar, tone, style etc. --Knucmo2 09:36, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * This was my idea too. Please have a look on the Version of 02:14, 23 January 2006. Maybe this is what you want and what some other friendly helper didn't like. Who is the mightier god I like to obey willingly? (if it is of any use to the reader). OK, I need some exercise in English so I will try to follow your intententions as far as I understand them correctly. Give me, please, some days and if you could specify further criticism be so kind as to put it on the discussion page of "Hans_Albert". I assure you I like criticism (it is just the kernel of Hans Albert's philosophy). Greetings hjn 10:04, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * The easiest way is always to copy what other did better. Please, could you possibly tell me an article of this kind? hjn 10:12, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * As you can see on Hans_Albert I made a lot of what I hope are improvements. Therefore I think me entitled to remove the admonition. If I left some language problems please alarm a native speaker. Hans Albert is a very important German thinker translated in many languages and earned to be handled both professonally and elegantly. Thank you. hjn 08:25, 16 May 2006 (UTC)

Rmrfstar's RfA
Concerning your recent oppose vote in my RfA: You're right that there is a lack of typical "administrative actions" in my Wikipedia history, but does that mean I'm too irresponsible to use of the admin tools themselves? I don't plan on engaging in too many "administrative actions" if I become an admin; I simply am not that sort of editor. So what exactly leads you to believe that I might not be a responsible administrator? -- Rmrfstar 17:44, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Steady now, can you please quote where I said you would not be a responsible admin? That's right, I've said no such thing.  But your lack of administrative actions implies a lack of familiarity with the policies that admins are required to follow, and also a lack of experience in areas where the going can easily get very tough for unexperienced admins (e. g. AFD).  You've done hardly any reversion of vandalism (20 reverts, to my knowledge) which admins are expected to do, and admin tools give you the power to block users which non-admins have (one reason why so many rc patrollers are keen to become admins).  In fact, admins are advised to keep WP:AIV on their page to assist non-admin users at RC patrol. The fact that you've brought this directly to my talk page rather than on the adminship page itself implies to me you've took this oppose vote too personally, and you've accused me of something I did not say. --Knucmo2 18:12, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

You're claim that I commited vandalism is pure non-sense
Your message regarding my changes to Karl Marx entry is pure non-sense and you must be clearly insane believing that my actions constituted vandalism. To make your derogatory statement clear I would like to point out to your lack of common sense the following: There were such remarks as "Fuck You" and other abusive language under one section of Karl Marx which I promptly deleted. I do NOT consider deleting derogatory statements or comments as vandalism. If you believe that saying such things as "Fuck You" is OK under any entry then you should check your head with your shrink, pal. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.13.72.134 (talk • contribs).

Descartes Problematic Idealist
I am in no way disagreeing with your assessment that Descartes was an Idealist. But his cogito leads him to what Kant specifically calls problematic idealism - which by the way is the best way to go about philosophy according to Kant. he also makes a similar "GEM" (tautological/beggin the question) mistake in his cogito.

As such, whether he really wanted to be an idealist or not his cogito leads him to these conclusions.

cf. Descartes situation to Kant's; Kant's position could just as easily be called transcendental empiricism; many see his epistemological distinctions as almost equivalent to the popperian fallabilist/critical rationaist position which is ANTI IDEALIST in just about every possible way. Professor Michael Devitt characterises kant's position as a Weak-Realist with a negative solution to epistemology (cf. Fallabilism a positive solution to epistemology).

Any how we'll sort this out because there's no point editing and re editing the same paragraph till we sort it out amongst ourselves. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 139.80.123.40 (talk • contribs).

 * I don't know what your talking about, but your misinterpretation of Kant is one for starters, and you seem to be applying fashionable epistemological labels to Kant's thought, which is really quite anachronistic. Kant was a transcendental idealist and an empirical realist, unlike Descartes, because Kant believes we are directly acquainted with objects. You can interpret it to mean whatever you want, but you must have read a different Kant to me if you think he's a transcendental realist.  He's a transcendental idealist because he argued that things such as moral data do not lead to direct knowledge of things so we are able to conceive of it, and so we also have a subjective understanding of such things. If Devitt believes he is a pure realist, then he is wrong. It is also a grave mistake to compare him to Popper, who was a transcendental and empirical realist AFAIK.  Descartes was a transcendental realist, believing our knowledge of objects is independent of subjective experience (God wants us to see the objects) and experience (reason detects the ideas).  I'm not sure whether his cogito leads him to being an idealist; this needs more thought. --Knucmo2 11:28, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

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RfA thanks
, thank you you so much for validating my RfA! I am grateful for all the supportive comments, and have taken both the positive and constructive on board. If I can ever make any improvements or help out in any way, please let me know, ditto if you see me stumble! Thanks again for your much appreciated support.

Deizio talk 18:07, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

Sukh's RFA - Thanks!
Thank you for your vote on my RfA. Unfortunately there was no consensus reached at 43 support, 18 oppose and 8 neutral. I've just found out that there is a feature in "my preferences" that forces me to use edit summaries. I've now got it enabled :) Thanks again. Sukh | ਸੁਖ | Talk 15:48, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

VandalProof 1.2 Now Available
 After a lenghty, but much-needed Wikibreak, I'm happy to announce that version 1.2 of VandalProof is now available for download! Beyond fixing some of the most obnoxious bugs, like the persistent crash on start-up that many have experienced, version 1.2 also offers a wide variety of new features, including a stub-sorter, a global user whitelist and blacklist, navigational controls, and greater customization. You can find a full list of the new features here. While I believe this release to be a significant improvement over the last, it's nonetheless nowhere near the end of the line for VandalProof. Thanks to Rob Church, I now have an account on test.wikipedia.org with SysOp rights and have already been hard at work incorporating administrative tools into VandalProof, which I plan to make available in the near future. An example of one such SysOp tool that I'm working on incorporating is my simple history merge tool, which simplifies the process of performing history merges from one article into another. Anyway, if you haven't already, I'd encourage you to download and install version 1.2 and take it out for a test-drive. As always, your suggestions for improvement are always appreciated, and I hope that you will find this new version useful. Happy editing! --AmiDaniel (talk) 02:51, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

Vandal 199.246.2.11
vandalised another article. . Notifying you as you gave them a "last warning" and I am not an admin. -999 22:17, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

About Petrejo
Can't deny Paul's been fairly consistent (even as far as his seemingly trollish behavior), but if you wish to read my views on his latest contributions, then search no further. I agree with your reply to him about his suggestions to the introduction - but his aims to say Nietzsche was "anti-Christian" obscures some points he mentioned in Ecce Homo and elsewhere (that genuine Christians would not object to his thinking, how he doesn't aim to change morality but put aesthetics above it, etc.) and many other details that simply amounts to no conclusion about his supposed anti-Christian stance, except that it isn't clear and/or it is much more complicated. Least of all is it clear based on the "burgeoisie" nonsense he writes (and is therefore POV to state). Anyway, I look forward to when you decide to contribute more often - I know from a first hand basis how irritating this whole situation has been and will continue to be.Non-vandal 18:49, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I saw Petrejo's reply to you, and I have a simple objection to make: nowhere is Nietzsche posed as a "moralist", he was an "immoralist" (a position which goes beyond "anti-Christian", ie., it goes "beyond good and evil"). This trivializing view of Petrejo's really deserves no chance in the article, and is an obvious confusion of Kaufmann's "burgeois" position (as Petrejo likes to call it, falsely), because Kaufmann thoroughly noted this in his writings on Nietzsche. Can one say "troll" and not be considered correct here? Well, best of luck,Non-vandal 00:54, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

fsdfsd (I knucmo 2, wrote this)

hello Knucmo2 sorry if your busy is theBlackbay here :)
Help From fellow Wikipedians against censorship!

Thank you for your time I was wondering if i could ask your opinion?? :)

Articles for deletion/G. Edward Griffin here is the Article on G. Edward Griffin that I have just reconstructed and am still in the process of doing, But it's been put up for deletion?.

I was wondering if you could pitch in a comment in any direction you feel but I believe this man is very notable having Authored such books as The Creature from Jekyll Island a history of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, but also many many more films as well, also being a member of many organisations.

Me being an inclusionist of sorts I would rather see changes made rather than a wholesale deletion, what do you think?

The man is very notable he has been doing this sort of work since the 60’s when he created the “The Capitalist Conspiracy” one of the first and most documented histories of Political Corruption in film that I know of.

Thank you for all your help, I’m just starting out in Wikipedia I have created the Benjamin H. Freedman, article and reconstructed the The Money Masters article and some others but I need help here! Any help of mine you may need or want in any regard in the future just ask :)

Also any contribution you would like to make to improve the article please consider!

Really i wouldn't ask if i did not really think this article worthy.

-Theblackbay 10:01, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

[http://www.theblackbay.com/ .theblackBay. sample site]

Dizzy Gillespie
noticed you did some edits there a while back - check it out now, lot's of changes and a touch of controversy about the opening paragraph.--Smkolins 23:30, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Masterless men
Ah, yes, well, one problem with reading too much in the 18th century is that one can not notice how words change. What I had wanted to write was "magisterial satire" for A Tale of a Tub, but I figured that might be a bit too Latinate. At least I didn't say that it was filled with lucubrations. Geogre 19:48, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

Random Smiley Award
 For your contributions to Wikipedia and humanity in general, you are hereby granted the coveted Random Smiley Award originated by Pedia-I (Explanation and Disclaimer) ♠  TomasBat  ( @ )  ( Contribs )  ( Sign! ) 21:57, 31 March 2007 (UTC)

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WikiProject National Basketball Association June 2008 Newsletter
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Rationalism
Please contribute to the discussion at Articles for deletion/Rationalist movement. It's fallout from a 2006 discussion that you participated in. Uncle G (talk) 00:30, 23 February 2009 (UTC)

Anatoly Karpov
"While it is a fact that he lost 10kg, and suffered a physical collapse". Do you have a reference to these facts? SunCreator (talk) 23:24, 17 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Hello, I am returning to editing Wikipedia after a lengthy hiatus. This is one of the edits I am following up and have placed this fact back on the Karpov page, since it is pretty illustrative of the stress Anatoly suffered and since it is true. - Knucmo2 (talk) 11:12, 11 January 2020 (UTC)

Please review these proposed changes
See the discussion at Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Contemporary_music. Thank you. --Jubilee♫ clipman 15:53, 22 October 2009 (UTC)

WP:CTM election notice
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Unreferenced BLPs
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Articles for deletion nomination of Michael Levin
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Nomination of Akadi for deletion
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ArbCom elections are now open!
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Nomination of Beshaba for deletion
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Proposed deletion of Chauntea

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3O request declined
Hi! I've declined your 3O request regarding Paula Vennells, as I don't see that any substantive effort at resolution has been made on the talk-page. In general, your aim should be to de-escalate any disagreement rather than the opposite; ensuring that you remain courteous at all times is a first step towards that. If you're not sure what our recommended practice is for quotations, you could consider asking for input at Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style. Thanks, Justlettersandnumbers (talk) 20:35, 4 March 2020 (UTC)
 * That's fine. I do not see that the other user will come to any sort of agreement at this stage. But I live in hope. Knucmo2 (talk) 22:52, 4 March 2020 (UTC)

March 2020
This is your only warning; if you make personal attacks on others again, as you did at User talk:Pigsonthewing, you may be blocked from editing without further notice. Comment on content, not on other contributors or people. The adjectives 'daft' and 'idiotic' are indeed abusive when applied to another editor, as is the noun 'stupidity'. RexxS (talk) 00:38, 5 March 2020 (UTC)
 * 1) Daft is not abusive, 'idiotic' could be though it was applied to the content produced. You will note I said, "Don't be daft", which is hardly used in an aggressive sense in the English language. 2) I take issue with the brusque and threatening nature of the comment above, which seems hypocritical given the nature of the issue at hand. WP:PA states that the user (I note that it is not Pigsonthewing) should leave a 'polite' message - the above is not that in the least. Knucmo2 (talk) 20:10, 5 March 2020 (UTC)
 * It's a standard warning, given in an attempt to avoid having to sanction you for you incivility. You obviously have no intention of heeding it, as you refuse to accept that "daft" is abusive and so is calling another editor's post "hypocritical". I'm therefore blocking you until you can sort out what is and isn't acceptable in your interactions with other editors. --RexxS (talk) 22:24, 5 March 2020 (UTC)

You have been blocked indefinitely from editing for making personal attacks towards other editors. If you think there are good reasons for being unblocked, please read the guide to appealing blocks, then add the following text below the block notice on your talk page:. RexxS (talk) 22:26, 5 March 2020 (UTC)

Do you have any comments regarding the request? 331dot (talk) 10:30, 6 March 2020 (UTC)
 * I'm not very happy with it. Here's the diff of the post that I objected to. In that post Knucmo2 called another editor "daft" and that editor's version of an article "idiotic", then used the edit summary "stupidity". Knucmo2 could have made the point about style guides without any of that offensiveness. I considered that a strong warning would be better than an immediate block, so I used a standard template. Instead of an acknowledgement, I was met by an defence of the attacks, compounded by calling my post "hypocritical". The response convinced me that the warning had no effect, hence the block.
 * The request begins by claiming that "I did not call the above post 'hypocritical'." yet you can see that's exactly what they did: "I take issue with the brusque and threatening nature of the comment above, which seems hypocritical ....
 * Knucmo2 calls my choice of template "provocative".
 * Complaining that the application of "idiotic" to the version of the article, but not the editor of that version is wikilawyering. The intent is quite clear.
 * Being "happy to admit that better words than 'stupidity' and 'idiotic' (these were applicable to the edit, and not to the editor) were available at time of writing." is well short of any assurance that the episode won't be repeated, and again contains the counterfactual assertion that the attacks were on the edit, not the editor, which I don't accept. They also fail to accept that they cannot call other editors "daft".
 * I certainly wouldn't unblock if I were reviewing that request.
 * Nevertheless, I would like to see Knucmo2 getting back to editing again, although with some circumspection about how they treat other editors in future. --RexxS (talk) 13:14, 6 March 2020 (UTC)

I accept the above comments from 331dot and I also observe the speed with which it was done, so for that, I thank you. What needs to happen from here so I can get back to editing? I ask as I do not wish to presume. Knucmo2 (talk) 14:58, 6 March 2020 (UTC)
 * I'd unblock you immediately if you simply gave an assurance that you'll try your level best never to approach another editor again in the manner that you did. --RexxS (talk) 15:48, 6 March 2020 (UTC)

Yes, of course. You have my assurance on that. Knucmo2 (talk) 17:33, 6 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I've unblocked your account. Please ping me if you still have any problems editing. --RexxS (talk) 20:54, 6 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks again, all systems go. Knucmo2 (talk) 22:54, 6 March 2020 (UTC)

The WikiLoop Battlefield weekly barnstar

 * Many thanks! It's good to be back...Knucmo2 (talk) 21:28, 16 March 2020 (UTC)

Penderecki
Look, you are editor No. 5 for Penderecki, - thank you, and see also --Gerda Arendt (talk) 20:03, 30 March 2020 (UTC)
 * This made me feel pretty wistful, but thanks very much Gerda. Knucmo2 (talk) 20:28, 30 March 2020 (UTC)

Important Notice
Doug Weller talk 13:13, 28 May 2020 (UTC)

WikiLoop Battlefield new name vote
Dear Knucmo2,

Thank you for your interest and contributions to WikiLoop Battlefield. We are holding a voting for proposed new name. We would like to invite you to this voting. The voting is held at m:WikiProject_WikiLoop/New_name_vote and ends on July 13th 00:00 UTC.

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User:2405:6E00:2F0A:2500:E5F3:D1DC:8AFA:F48A & User:119.154.183.131
Hi, FYI: You posted messages on user namespace instead of user talk namespace, I have fixed for you. -- CptViraj (talk) 12:17, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks man, eyes well & truly off the ball there! Knucmo2 (talk) 19:11, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

October harvest
Some apples left for you, with thanks for all the music. See my talk today for an expressive image. --Gerda Arendt (talk) 14:30, 30 October 2020 (UTC)

Precious
You are recipient no. 2465 of Precious, a prize of QAI. --Gerda Arendt (talk) 14:15, 1 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks a lot Gerda for this, though I am mildly curious as to why "Thanks again, all systems go", is in there? Knucmo2 (talk) 21:31, 2 November 2020 (UTC)
 * I try to stick to three lines, so have to shorten often, - the phrase is just above, and I thought you'd remember. For me, it stands for starting forward in good faith. Correct me if wrong ;) - RexxS is a friend of mine, DYK? --Gerda Arendt (talk) 21:59, 2 November 2020 (UTC)
 * The episode leaves a bitter taste in my mouth. Best just to leave it at that. --Knucmo2 (talk) 23:49, 18 November 2020 (UTC)

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In friendship
Jerome Kohl was on the Main page today, remembered in friendship --Gerda Arendt (talk) 13:36, 28 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Hey Gerda; a lovely gesture. Thanks for letting me know. Knucmo2 (talk) 18:45, 29 January 2021 (UTC)

WikiLoop 2020 Year in Review
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Precious anniversary
--Gerda Arendt (talk) 10:02, 1 November 2021 (UTC)
 * Hi Gerda! Thank you for this. Hope you are keeping safe and well during the pandemic. Knucmo2 (talk) 21:00, 2 November 2021 (UTC)

Precious anniversary
--Gerda Arendt (talk) 08:05, 1 November 2022 (UTC)

Thanks so much Gerda! Knucmo2 (talk) 23:58, 1 November 2022 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Knucmo2


text:
Brooks, Alberta

Brooks is a city in southeast Alberta, Canada in the County of Newell. It is on Highway 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) and the Canadian Pacific Kansas City railway, approximately 186 km southeast of Calgary, and 110 km northwest of Medicine Hat. The city has an elevation of 760 m.

History
The area that is now Brooks was used as a bison-hunting ground for the Blackfoot and Crow tribes. After Treaty 7 was signed in 1877, homesteaders took advantage of the Dominion Lands Act to move into the area to begin farming. Before 1904, the area still did not have a name. Through a contest sponsored by the Postmaster General, the area was named after Noel Edgell Brooks, a Canadian Pacific Railway Divisional Engineer from Calgary.

Brooks was incorporated as a village on July 14, 1910, and then as a town on September 8, 1911. Its population in the 1911 Census of Canada was 486.

In the 1996 Census, the population of Brooks reached 10,093 making it eligible for city status. Brooks incorporated as a city on September 1, 2005 when its official population was 11,604.

In 2010, Brooks celebrated the centennial of its incorporation as a village in 1910.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the City of Brooks had a population of 14,924 living in 5,140 of its 5,489 total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of 14,451. With a land area of 18.21 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the City of Brooks had a population of 14,451 living in 5,046 of its 5,412 total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2011 population of 13,676. With a land area of 18.59 km2, it had a population density of in 2016.

The population of the City of Brooks according to its 2015 municipal census is 14,185, a change of NaN% from its 2007 municipal census population of 13,581.

A multicultural community, Brooks has been referred to as "The City of 100 Hellos" as a result of a documentary by Brandy Yanchyk profiling the community's significant immigrant, refugee and temporary foreign worker populations. The documentary was called Brooks – The City of 100 Hellos and was created in 2010 for Omni Television. The community's multicultural character was also the subject of a 2007 National Film Board of Canada documentary, 24 Days in Brooks, directed by Dana Inkster. Brooks has the highest proportion of Black Canadians of any census subdivision in Canada.

Geography
Brooks is located in the Grassland Natural Region of Alberta. The area surrounding Brooks is dry mixed grass/shortgrass prairie.

Climate
Located in the steppe region known as the Palliser's Triangle, Brooks has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification 'BSk'). Winters are quite dry and cold, with little snowfall compared to the rest of Canada. Chinook winds, though less common than in areas west and especially southwest of Brooks, are still common and ameliorate the cold winter temperatures temporarily when they pass over. Wide diurnal temperature ranges are regular, due to the aridity and moderately high elevation. Low humidity is prevalent throughout the year. Most of the relatively scant annual precipitation occurs in late spring and summer, often in the form of thunderstorms. On average, the coldest month is January, with an average temperature of -9.5 C while the warmest is July, with an average temperature of 19.0 F. The driest month is February, with an average monthly precipitation of 6.7 mm, while the wettest month is June, with an average of 75.6 mm. Annual precipitation is low, with an average of 299.5 mm.

Economy
The base of the economy of the City of Brooks is energy (oil and gas) and agriculture, with other sectors including metal manufacturing, food processing and construction. It is also a retail and service centre for the surrounding area.

Canada’s second largest beef-processing facility, owned by JBS Canada, is located in Brooks and ships meat across the country and internationally. In 2012, while the plant was owned by XL Foods, it released meat contaminated with E. coli, and was shut down for a month. The plant has over 2000 employees.

Attractions
The JBS Leisure Centre is the area's main recreation centre. It includes one arena, a curling rink, an aquatic centre with a waterslide and wave pool, a gymnasium, a fitness centre, and multipurpose rooms. The complex was renovated in 2005 and again in 2016. Now the Brooks Public Library is within the JBS Leisure Centre.

In 2010, the Duke of Sutherland Park was redeveloped. It features baseball diamonds, a soccer field, a playground and a 3200 ft2 waterpark with spray features for toddlers and a play structure for older children.

Also in 2010, the Centennial Regional Arena was completed after nearly a decade of planning and 18 months of construction. The multi-purpose facility seats 1,704 people. It includes corporate boxes, a running track, concessions, and a 200 x surface. The arena is home to several user groups, including the Brooks Bandits. The arena also hosted the 2019 National Junior A Championship.

There are three provincial parks in the area: Dinosaur Provincial Park, a World Heritage Site, to the northeast, Tillebrook Provincial Park to the east and Kinbrook Island Provincial Park to the south. In addition, there are several other recreational sites in the area including the Rolling Hills Reservoir, Crawling Valley Reservoir, and Emerson Bridge.

The Brooks Aqueduct southeast of Brooks was built to transport irrigation water across the Eastern Irrigation District. It spans across a 3.2 km valley, about 20 m above the ground.

Sports
Brooks is home to the Brooks Bandits of the British Columbia Junior Hockey League. The ice hockey team was awarded to Brooks in 1998 and embarked on its first season in 2000. They have helped produce current NHL players such as Cale Makar (Colorado Avalanche) and Chad Johnson. The Bandits won the league championship in 2012, 2013, 2016, 2017 and 2019. They won their first national championship (The Royal Bank Cup) in 2013 and repeated again by winning the National Junior A Championship in 2019. They have repeated in 2022 and 2023 after the COVID 19 pandemic suspended two seasons.

There are three football teams in Brooks: from the public schools the Roadrunners, and the Buffalos and the Crusaders from the catholic schools. The teams comprise players from the local junior and senior high schools respectively. The Buffalos represented Brooks at provincial championships in 1989, 1995, 1997, and 2009, winning in the title in its last three appearances. The Roadrunners appeared at provincial championships in 1995, 2004, 2007, 2014, and 2016. The Crusaders have appeared in the provincial finals three times, 2015, 2016 and 2018, winning in 2018.

Brooks is home to a Western Canadian Baseball League franchise named the Brooks Bombers. They play at Elks Field in the Quad Ball Diamond Complex.

Government
Brooks City Council consists of one mayor and six councillors. In August 2021, former Mayor Barry Morishita stepped down from the position of mayor to run for leadership of the Alberta Party. John Petrie was elected as Mayor in October 2023.

Education
Brooks has three high schools, three junior high schools, five elementary schools, three primary schools, and two alternative schools. The schools are operated by Grasslands Public Schools, Christ the Redeemer School Division (Catholic) and Francosud (Francophone). Brooks also has a satellite campus of Medicine Hat College. The Brooks Public Library was established in 1951.

Health care
Acute medical care is provided at the Brooks Health Centre. The Brooks Health Centre is under the Alberta Health Services which provides health to most of Alberta

Media
Brooks is served by two radio stations, CIBQ-FM (105.7 Real Country), and CIXF-FM (Boom 101.1). Both stations are owned by Stingray Group.

Brooks has two distinct newspapers. The Brooks Bulletin is published every Tuesday, and has served Brooks and the County of Newell since 1910. It has a weekly circulation of 4,332.

The Weekend Regional is a second paper the Bulletin established in 2004 and it is published on Fridays. As of January 2010, it became a total market coverage product with a weekly circulation of 11,235.

Notable people

 * Sheri Forde, TSN Toronto reporter
 * Little Miss Higgins, folk and blues singer
 * Ryan Peake, a member of rock band Nickelback
 * Sherraine Schalm, Olympic fencer
 * Harnarayan Singh, NHL broadcaster
 * Monte Solberg, former federal cabinet minister, current political columnist for Sun Media
 * Barry Morishita, former mayor of Brooks.

title: Brooks, Alberta


text:
Absolutely Live (The Doors album)

Absolutely Live is the first live album by the American rock band the Doors, released on July 20, 1970, by Elektra Records. The double album features songs recorded at concerts held in 1969 and 1970 in several U.S. cities. It includes the first full release of the performance piece "Celebration of the Lizard" and several other tracks that had not previously appeared on any official Doors release. The album peaked at number eight on the Billboard 200 in September 1970.

Recording
Many shows were recorded during the band's 1970 Roadhouse Blues Tour to create the Absolutely Live album. The Doors' producer and longtime collaborator Paul A. Rothchild claimed to have painstakingly edited the album from many different shows to create one cohesive concert. According to Rothchild, the best part of a song from one performance may have been spliced together with another part of the same song from another performance, in an attempt to create "the ultimate concert". Rothchild said, "I couldn't get complete takes of a lot of songs, so sometimes I'd cut from Detroit to Philadelphia in mid-song. There must be 2,000 edits on that album." However, most of the tracks were taken from the Doors' performances at the Felt Forum in New York City on January 17 and 18, 1970.

Absolutely Live marks the first release of the Doors' performance piece "Celebration of the Lizard" in its entirety, which had originally been attempted in the studio during the Waiting for the Sun sessions but was eventually abandoned. The album also included several new songs: "Love Hides", "Build Me a Woman", "Universal Mind", "Dead Rats, Dead Cats" (performed as a preamble to "Break on Through") and cover versions of Bo Diddley's "Who Do You Love?" and Willie Dixon's "Close to You" (the latter featuring lead vocals by keyboardist Ray Manzarek).

Reflecting on the live album in an interview, Jim Morrison remarked, "I think [Absolutely Live is] a fairly true document of what the band sounds like on fairly good night. It's not the best we can do and it's certainly not the worst. It's a true document of an above average evening." In his autobiography, Manzarek explained the group's intentions with the album: "We wanted to get the Doors experience on tape. Live. One time. For the ages. And in doing so, perhaps we could capture the moment of escape. Live."

Album cover
According to the biography No One Here Gets Out Alive, Morrison hated the album cover for Absolutely Live. He had changed his appearance dramatically since the band's early days, growing a beard and discarding his onstage leather attire in an attempt to overcome his "rock god" image, but was dismayed to find that his record label opted for an earlier photograph of him for the cover.

In his book Krautrocksampler, the British rock musician and writer Julian Cope described the photo of Morrison as one of his "two favorite all-time images of rock 'n' roll singers".

Release and reception
Absolutely Live sold only 225,000 copies, half of what their previous studio album Morrison Hotel had sold. Critic Gloria Vanjak of Rolling Stone magazine wrote a scathing review of the album, singling out Morrison's performance in particular and referring to "Celebration of the Lizard" as "rancid". Robert Christgau of The Village Voice gave a more favorable review, praising its "strong performances and audio," but concluded that "I don't happen to be into reptiles when the music's over, much less while it's on."

In a retrospective review for AllMusic, William Ruhlmann observed that the album "demonstrated that, in concert, the Doors could be an enervating as well as an elevating experience." However, he bemoaned the fact that Morrison seemed to "treat the whole exercise as a charade" and opined that several tracks "flag considerably in comparison to the sleeker studio versions." Writing for Classic Rock, critic Max Bell praised the album, noting that it remains the "organic documentary" that the band envisaged.

Julian Casablancas of the Strokes has cited the album track "Universal Mind" as a personal favorite of his.

Reissues
In 1991, Absolutely Live was issued on compact disc as part of the two-CD set In Concert, which also included the Doors' live albums Alive, She Cried and Live at the Hollywood Bowl. Absolutely Live was later reissued as a single CD by Elektra in 1996, featuring new artwork different from the original LP. In 2010, it was reissued on 180 gram vinyl by Rhino Records in its original double LP format and featuring its original artwork, in both the U.S. and UK.

Track listing
Songwriters and LP side total lengths are taken from the original 1970 Elektra Records album (individual song timings are not listed) and may differ from other sources.

Personnel
Per liner notes:

The Doors
 * Jim Morrison – vocals
 * Ray Manzarek – organ, keyboard bass, lead vocals on "Close to You", backing vocals
 * Robby Krieger – guitar
 * John Densmore – drums

Technical
 * Paul A. Rothchild – producer
 * Bruce Botnick – engineer

Remote recording facilities: Fedco Audio Labs and Wally Heider Recording

title: Absolutely Live (The Doors album)


text:
Talk:Indian Pacific/to do

 * Add more detail about the train's history
 * Locomotive history across the different operators
 * Add information on the train's typical consists
 * Add a photo or two of the train in action
 * Weather conditions / Climate variations on the journey
 * Terrain variations

title: Talk:Indian Pacific/to do


text:
User talk:Eh steve

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 23:09, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Eh steve


text:
User talk:Redf0x

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 23:10, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Donald Tsang
Thanks for translation of the article. :-P — Instantnood 21:26, Mar 14, 2005 (UTC)

User:RedBot
Hi there, I see RedBot is editing the interwikis on pages in the Template: namnespace. This should not be done using standard pywikipedia, per the English Wikipedia Bot Policy. Please make sure you remove the template namespace from the namespaces the bot edits. Thanks, - Kingpin13 (talk) 12:32, 4 October 2010 (UTC)

Edit wars between bots????
Check out http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fukushima_II_Nuclear_Power_Plant&diff=next&oldid=420406461 RedBot (Robot modifying...) is undoing an edit by EmausBot (Robot modifying...). There is a Move tag in progress to move/rename the page, ending March 26. I can imagine opinionated people having an edit war over a name, but having a bot edit war is just too funny. :) Hopefully as RedBot's human, you will be able to figure out a way to make it smarter, and set a good example. Vielen dank! 173.206.133.77 (talk) 18:31, 24 March 2011 (UTC)
 * That's not an edit war between bots. Both bots simply changed the interwiki link to the german page, because it was moved, first from Kernkraftwerk Fukushima-Daini to Kernkraftwerk Fukushima II, so EmausBot changed it here. Some hours later, it was moved back to Kernkraftwerk Fukushima-Daini and this time RedBot changed the interwiki-link here. Regards, Redf0x (talk) 07:24, 28 March 2011 (UTC)

request
There is a page Sultan, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia. Since the title is outdated, can you please move the page using the title,, Sultan bin Abdulaziz or another relevant title. If you can suggest me any way to do it, it is also appreciated. Thanks, Egeymi (talk) 15:39, 16 June 2012 (UTC)
 * I did it, thanks anyway.Egeymi (talk) 15:59, 16 June 2012 (UTC)

Your bot on English Wikipedia
A proposal to de-authorize a group of idle interwiki bots on the English Wikipedia is currently in process. A bot account of yours has been included in the list. If you are no longer using this bot, no action is neccessary by you. Should you wish to revive your bot in the near future, please remove your bot from the list here: en:Wikipedia:Bot_owners'_noticeboard. Thank you for your contributions. For the en: Bot Approvals Group, en:user:Xaosflux 12:05, 28 June 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Redf0x


text:
Talk:John Bull (locomotive)/to do

 * Add a photo or two of the locomotive in action or on display
 * Link to explanation of John Bull term

title: Talk:John Bull (locomotive)/to do


text:
User talk:GSimmons UK

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkTroll 23:10, 12 Oct 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:GSimmons UK