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Talk:Exorcism

On the Nature of the Jinn
The following paragraph in the section... "On the nature of the Jinn", needs a citation from a reliable Islamic source:

A Jinn might also do it for revenge. Jinn is said to be quick to anger, especially when they believe themselves to have been harmed on purpose (since Jinn is usually invisible to humans, a person can accidentally injure a Jinni not knowing that one is there). --Haroon Nizar--

This section should be removed and any appropriate material moved to the Jinn entry.

Archive bot tag. Balon Greyjoy (talk) 12:42, 20 April 2022 (UTC)

in Islam
The Hanbali sect is the main Sunni sect that believes in Jinn being capable of possessing humans and exorcism. Otherwise, the 3 other Sunni sects don't believe in that.

I removed the section on removing Jinn by vising graves and wearing amulets. It is a controversial topic, not adopted by orthodox Islam, and has no references attached

Archive bot tag. Balon Greyjoy (talk) 12:42, 20 April 2022 (UTC)

A cross reference is needed
Since the page mentions the movie The Exorcist, the page of

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Hughes

should be cross-referenced in my view.

To my knowledge, all the cases of the angry ghosts or devils attacking the worldly human beings are the direct consequence of the improper human action incurred to them in the past.

In the case of Edward Hughes encountered in 1949, which I noticed is 4 years after the World War II and I'm 90% sure that the devil is the victim or collective angry consciousness related to the World War II if one closely watches the movie and pay attention to what is scarred on the boy's chest. Again, karma will never stop manifesting what has happened and will happen to the world. As long as a human being has ego views on enemies, war will never end.

Archive bot tag. Balon Greyjoy (talk) 12:42, 20 April 2022 (UTC)

Phrase?
This phase does not sound good at all

"The Holy Water especially is comparable to acid to the demon."

Archive bot tag. Balon Greyjoy (talk) 12:42, 20 April 2022 (UTC)

Science
Interview+Innuendo does not equal science. The section on science needs to be reviewed. 71.193.43.251 (talk) 21:50, 18 April 2022 (UTC)

 * I don't know which source you mean, anyway, for mainstream science exorcism is a superstitious and delusional practice. tgeorgescu (talk) 23:06, 18 April 2022 (UTC)

Edit Request

 * What I think should be changed:not calling the Anointing and blessing of individuals by Members of The church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter Day Saints Exorcisms.

 * Why it should be changed:(Note:I am new to Edits for Wikipedia)I am a member of The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter Day Saints,The Anointing and blessing of those who are sick or afflicted is simply a blessing of healing and guidence to those who ask for the blessing,it is not an "Exorcism" as the article and possibly others may describe,while i do understand that others of different religions,and other christians may see it as a "Exorcism",it is not,there have been instances were people of other religions,and other christians,have acknowledged the priesthood within members of the Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter Day Saints and asked for help when they needed it,wither they wanted more guidance,or maybe in the persons religion or family doesn't acknowledge or believe in exorcisms or Demonic Possession.

"Healing the Sick" From the April 2010 Talk Given by:Elder Dallin H. Oaks Of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles

"This principle is taught in the revelation directing that the elders of the Church shall lay their hands upon the sick. The Lord’s promise is that “he that hath faith in me to be healed, and is not appointed unto death, shall be healed” (D&C 42:48; emphasis added). Similarly, in another modern revelation the Lord declares that when one “asketh according to the will of God … it is done even as he asketh” (D&C 46:30).14"

 * References supporting the possible change (format using the "cite" button):

Isaiah.M.J (talk) 13:43, 25 April 2023 (UTC) Isaiah.M.J
 * Hi, I understand what you are saying, and this is covered under the article anointing of the sick. The references provided gives more specifics regarding these practices with respect to exorcisms: (I don't have access to this one, but you can see the abstract) as well as this source from BYU . Given these sources, what are your thoughts? I am marking this request as addressed; to re-open it, remove the "|A" in the request edit template above.  Spencer T• C 21:16, 28 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Exorcism


text: Category:Japanese sportspeople

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Japanese sportspeople


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Blood Work (film)

Blood Work is a 2002 American mystery thriller film starring and directed by Clint Eastwood, who also produced. It co-stars Jeff Daniels, Wanda De Jesús, and Anjelica Huston. It is based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Michael Connelly.

Eastwood won the Future Film Festival Digital Award at the Venice Film Festival.

Plot
During a federal investigation into a local homicide, FBI Special Agent Terry McCaleb goes outside to address the media, but spots the so-called "code murderer" in the crowd. He chases the man and wounds him, but the chase ends when McCaleb suffers a heart attack.

Two years later and now retired, McCaleb lives in a houseboat on the Long Beach bay. He receives a second chance at life with a heart transplant. He is approached by Graciella Rivers; her sister, Gloria, was murdered during a robbery and she asks him to solve the case. He discovers that the heart transplanted into him was Gloria's. He has nightmares of the robbery during which Gloria was murdered.

McCaleb, against the advice of his physician, decides to find the real murderer with the help of houseboat neighbor Jasper "Buddy" Noone and local police detective Jaye Winston. McCaleb's path leads to several wrong suspects, before he eventually realizes that Buddy is the real killer; knowing that McCaleb needed a heart transplant, Buddy murdered Gloria so that he and McCaleb could continue their cat and mouse game.

Buddy reveals that he has kidnapped Graciella and her nephew, Gloria's son Raymond. There is a shootout on a wrecked, marooned fishing boat. After McCaleb wounds Buddy a second time, Buddy attempts to reach for his gun only to be shot by McCaleb. Buddy's dying words are "I saved you." Graciella then reaches over and holds Buddy's face underwater, participating in his execution, and getting justice for her murdered sister. However, McCaleb starts another new life with Graciella and Raymond.

Production
Blood Work was filmed in spring 2002 in Los Angeles and Long Beach, California, in 38 days.

Reception
Blood Work received mixed reviews. It has a score of 54% on Rotten Tomatoes, saying it was "a routine, but competently made thriller marred by lethargic pacing." However, A. O. Scott of The New York Times wrote while it was similar to many Eastwood films, "there is something comforting in seeing this old warhorse trot gamely out of the gate for yet another run on familiar turf."

The film was not a box office success, grossing $31.8 million worldwide on a budget of $50 million.

title: Blood Work (film)


text: Category:Olympic wheelchair racers for Japan


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Bruck an der Leitha

Bruck an der Leitha (Bruck aun da Leitha; "Bridge on the Leitha") is a town in the state of Lower Austria of Austria on the border of Burgenland, marked by the Leitha river. In 2018 it had a population of around 8,000.

History
In and around Bruck parts of neolithic tools were found, which makes it likely that there was a settlement there at that time. In Roman time, there was the crossing of two major roads, one of them being the Amber Road, the other a link to the Via Militaris. The important Roman army camp Carnuntum was located only ten miles northeast of Bruck at the Amber Road. In Bruck a Roman fortification is said to have been at the place of "Schloss Prugg" (castle of Duke Harrach), of which one part still is named "Roman Tower" (though being built in the Middle Ages).

After the end of the Roman Empire, the first traces of new settlement date from around 900. Graves from this time show Hungarian and later Francian/Bavarian influence. In 1074 the settlement is first documented as "Aschirichesprucca" and elevated to the status of a city in 1239. During the 13th century Bruck was rebuilt according to a rectangular street-scheme north-east of the old settlement.

Though quite strongly fortified since, Bruck never played an important role in a military conflict. In the long period of wars with the Turkish Empire the fortifications were already outdated, so Bruck did not even try to resist Turkish troops when they approached Vienna in 1529 and 1683 (Siege of Vienna). Therefore, Bruck was not destroyed (unlike other towns like Hainburg).

After this period, Bruck prospered and became an important center of wine production and trade. In the Napoleonic Wars Bruck was a center of maneuvers for the Austrian army, which it remained during the 19th century. In 1867 an important permanent military base was erected. After the end of World War I in 1918 the Austro-Hungarian Empire broke up. Most of Bruck belonged to Austria, but the military base and the main railway station was situated on the Hungarian side of the border (this part of Bruck is called Bruckneudorf).

In 1921, when the western parts of Hungary were integrated to Austrian territory under the name of "Burgenland", Bruck remained divided between the provinces of Lower Austria and Burgenland. Bruck an der Leitha became the capital of the same-named district. Despite the important military base neighbouring Bruck, the town was not much affected by World War II. Today, Bruck has about 7300 inhabitants and still is the administrative center of the district. Important sights are the city walls from the 13th century, the Baroque church and the old castle, Schloss Prugg, of the Dukes of Harrach.

Today, the town is prospering in the energy department. It has nearby a large wind farm (possibly 60MW), which generates all the electricity for the town. In fact, the wind farm produces more energy than the town consumes, so the town profits off it through energy sales.

Subdivisions

 * Bruck an der Leitha: 14,78 km²
 * Schloss Prugg (de): 0,71 km²
 * Wilfleinsdorf (de): 8,32 km²

Notable People

 * Otto Tschadek (de)
 * Oskar Helmer (de)
 * Johann-Nepomuk Kral
 * Leopold Petznek (de)
 * Josef Ernst Köpplinger (de)
 * Alfred Anton Ruscher, Österreichischer Eisenbahnpionier der k.k. Staatsbahnen   (de)
 * Anton Stadler, clarinettist (de)
 * Johann Stadler, clarinettist
 * Johannes Huber, doctor, theologian (de)
 * Karl Oppitzhauser, racing driver

Twin towns – sister cities
Bruck an der Leitha is twinned with Bruckmühl, 🇩🇪 Germany, since 1974.

title: Bruck an der Leitha


text:
Talk:Ordinance Survey

This article was created to serve a link on the Principality of Sealand NPOV article.

title: Talk:Ordinance Survey


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Cephalopods/list of general cephalopod articles to be created

 * (Order Bacritina): extinct ancestors of ammonites and coleoids

Add Ammonite links


text:
Bruck

Bruck may refer to:

People

 * Bruck (surname)
 * Bruck Dawit, Ethiopian–American musician and producer

Places
Bruck (Bavarian for "bridge") is a common name for towns:

Austria

 * Bruck am Ziller, in the district of Schwaz in Tyrol
 * Bruck an der Mur in Styria
 * Bruck an der Leitha in Lower Austria
 * Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße in the state of Salzburg
 * Bruck-Waasen, in the district of Grieskirchen
 * Bruck an der Leitha (district), district in Lower Austria

Germany

 * Bruck in der Oberpfalz, in the Schwandorf district of Bavaria
 * Bruck, Germany, in the Ebersberg district in southern Bavaria
 * Erlangen-Bruck, part of Erlangen in northern Bavaria

Other uses

 * Bruck (bus + truck)
 * Bruck–Chowla–Ryser theorem

title: Bruck


text:
Talk:Complete graph

POV on "worst case"
In the current version, the sentence "(..) a complete graph can be the worst case for large connected systems like social and computer networks" is POV. It needs explanation. Otherwise the statement is not generally true and needs to be removed. Why should a complete social network be any bad? Worse in comparison to what?

I guess the person who wrote it was thinking of benefit-cost-ratio. But that needs some elaboration and possibly sources to make it credible. Otherwise not worthy of an existence in an encyclopedia. Tang Wenlong (talk) 21:27, 28 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Er, although this statement is poorly-written, I think this just means that it's the worst-case size (as in worst-case analysis) for such a network; which is of course not expressing a point of view. Dcoetzee 21:30, 28 April 2008 (UTC)

Enneagon and Decagon
This article has pictures of all regular polygons from a triangle to an octagon. The triangle has nothing but its sides and corners, but the octagon looks very complicated. Can anyone see how complicated an enneagon or decagon will look?? 66.245.86.215 01:21, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * You mean K9 and K10? As a general rule, the complete graph on n vertices, Kn, has n × (n - 1) / 2 edges; so K9 has 9 × (9 - 1) / 2 = 36 edges, and K10 has 10 × (10 - 1) / 2 = 45.  So yeah, they can look quite complicated!  :-)  I guess since we've already got K1 to K8, we might as well add 9 and 10; or we could add K100 just to illustrate how messy they can get... --Ejrh 02:22, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I added up to $$K_{11}$$. I'm too lazy to create higher ones (pity as we need them for simplex Petrie polygons...) Professor M. Fiendish, Esq. 11:12, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

K100
K100 added! It's really beautiful. Alpt 18:41, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

 * yes, it is, but it adds little to the article. More like "ooh, look what my computer can do".  I suppose it might illustrate that the number of connections increases rapidly —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.18.43.240 (talk • contribs)

 * It's completely inappropriate and I'm going to remove it. Even at the highest resolution it is hard to see the edges but only the interference pattern they make.  It will only confuse people who come to this page for information on complete graphs. --McKay 01:56, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree, thanks. I was going to remove it myself, and I am glad you did it first. -- Dominus 03:37, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Extending this wiki to include complete digraphs
Silly point - but this wiki could also define the concept for directional graphs. This request is motivated by the next two entries.

Is there a general way of determining all of the subgraphs of Kj UP TO isomorphism?
Yes, this is a simple exercise, and I will probably hunt it down on the internet. But, say, for K4 how many subgraphs are there (where I would like to differentiate between subgraphs that are NOT isomophic to one another - clearly it is simple to enumerate all the subgraphs, calculate their adjacency matrices and get a computer program to get rid of all of the similar matrices so that you are left with ONLY isomorphically distinct subgraphs - but, surely, this has been done already?).

ConcernedScientist 19:01, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

Is there a general way of determining all of the directed subgraphs of a directed Kj UP TO isomorphism?
Same as above request, but everything is to do with directed graphs (so their should be more subgraphs up to isomorphism...). ConcernedScientist 19:01, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

3D complete graph?
I have yet to see one but I think it would be very interesting. -Eeky 06:56, 6 August 2007 (UTC)

 * The simplex family has vertex/edge sets as complete graphs, so the tetrahedron is 3D, and pentachoron is 4D. Tom Ruen 14:15, 6 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Interesting. So shouldn't simplex mention complete graphs as being 3D equivalents? -Eeky 15:41, 6 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Any graph, no matter how many vertices, can be embedded without crossings in 3d, for instance by placing the ith vertex at the coordinates (i,i2, i3). —David Eppstein 15:13, 6 August 2007 (UTC)

 * OK, but is there a 12-vertex version? -Eeky 15:41, 6 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, but I was too lazy to make a graphic. Professor M. Fiendish, Esq. 11:13, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

Full mesh
As I understand, the term "complete graph" means the same as "full mesh" in computer science (especially networking). Does anyone object to mentioning this fact in this article? --chrylis (talk) 05:04, 3 September 2008 (UTC)

Origin of the K in Kn
Every German source I have seen says that the K is in honour of Kuratowski. "Complete graph" is "vollständiger Graph" in German, not "kompletter Graph".

Pluslucis (talk) 15:17, 1 March 2010 (UTC)

K4 example makes it look non-planar.
In Planar graph, it states "The complete graph K4 is planar" and links to this article. Then, here, we have a drawing of K4 which makes it look non-planar (i.e. two of the edges cross in the drawing). This is bound to be confusing to people. I think it would make sense to either use the drawing of K4 from Planar graph, or at least have a note on the drawing here pointing out that there is an alternate way to draw the graph which makes its planarity more apparent. -- RoySmith (talk) 17:58, 1 May 2012 (UTC)

 * French Wikipedia has a separate article for "Tetrahedral graph"; that could be the way to go... AnonMoos (talk) 15:23, 12 November 2012 (UTC)

Alternative formula for the number of edges in a complete graph
Not sure if there is any reason to mention it in the article or to add it to the infobox, but $$\textstyle\frac{n (n-1)}{2} = {n \choose 2}$$ (where $${n \choose 2}$$ is a binomial coefficient), and the latter is more succinct. 77.126.47.196 (talk) 12:52, 3 February 2018 (UTC)

 * It's similar to a formula for triangular numbers: $${n+1 \choose 2}$$ . 77.126.47.196 (talk) 09:40, 5 February 2018 (UTC)

 * And of course, you can also find the number through summation, though that may actually be more verbose: $$\sum_{i=1}^n (i-1)$$. 77.126.47.196 (talk) 10:04, 5 February 2018 (UTC)

Is this correct?
The section Properties contains this sentence:

"They are maximally connected as the only vertex cut which disconnects the graph is the complete set of vertices."

(Where the word "they" refers to complete graphs.)

But if n ≥ 3, for the complete graph Kn, removing any two vertices disconnects the graph.

(Because they are the endpoints of some edge.)

Or am I misunderstanding something? 2601:200:C000:1A0:87C:FF45:2757:A6C9 (talk) 17:36, 3 January 2022 (UTC)
 * No, it doesn't. If you remove two vertices from $$K_n$$ you are left with $$K_{n-2}$$, which is still connected. In this context, removing a vertex means also removing all edges incident to that vertex. —David Eppstein (talk) 17:41, 3 January 2022 (UTC)

For the record
The following example of a complete digraph was posted:

I Ching as complete digraph on bagua
The eight bagua or trigrams form the verticies of a directed graph given by hexagrams in the I Ching. The hexagrams are ordered pairs of trigrams with  the lower considered first, the upper second. Since there is a hexagram for every pair of bagua, in both orders, there is a directed edge in each direction for each pair of trigrams. Eight loops are included in the directed graph since there is a hexagram for each doubled trigram. The 56 edges and 8 loops are labeled 1 to 64 in a lookup table, but the sequence is obscure. In the case of a pair of trigrams corresponding to Greek elements (Earth ☷, Water ☵, Air ☰, and Fire ☲.), the oppositely directed edges are consecutive.

Reverted! Complete digraph mentioned in lede. Very old topic. Supports article well. Rgdboer (talk) 04:20, 17 February 2022 (UTC) Provide WB link Rgdboer (talk) 04:34, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * So you're trying to use content you yourself wrote on another open Wiki (Wikibooks) as a reference for content here? It is very obviously not a reliable source, even setting aside the questions of relevance (why a complete digraph + loops between trigrams rather than a complete bipartite graph between lower and upper sets of trigrams, or a complete system of combinations of elements rather than a graph, or a Boolean algebra, or...) and of whether there is sufficient significance to either topic. —David Eppstein (talk) 06:32, 17 February 2022 (UTC)

Complete digraphs
@David Eppstein I appreciate you adding the citation, but I don't understand why you had to attack me in the edit summary: "supply requested notation for basic and obvious notation for which User:Dr. Universe could easily have run a search instead of making busywork for other editors". Couldn't you have just added the citation and not complained about how "basic and obvious" it was and not mention me? The reference that you added says that a digraph is "complete" if for every pair vertices (x,y), the edges xy and yx both exist. But the Directed graph article says that "some authors consider a broader definition that allows directed graphs to have such multiple arcs", in which case there could be four edges between (x,y), for example two of them corresponding to xy and two of them corresponding to yx. According to the above definition of "complete" for digraphs, the graph with 4 edges (2 of them being of xy-type and 2 being yx-type) between each pair of vertices (x,y), would also be a complete digraph to those people who allow directed graphs to have such multiple arcs. So in this sense, the definition should be that there's at least one edge going in each direction right? I wasn't sure about this so I wanted to see a reference. Dr. Universe (talk) 01:46, 10 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Unless otherwise specified, usually only one edge would be allowed in each direction in a digraph. I don't remember ever seeing a definition of complete graphs (without additional qualification in the name) that allowed the edge multiplicities to vary. —David Eppstein (talk) 04:04, 10 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Complete graph


text:
Scooby-Doo (film)

Scooby-Doo (also known as Scooby-Doo: The Movie) is a 2002 American mystery adventure comedy film produced by Mosaic Media Group and based on the long-running animated franchise of the same name. The first installment in the Scooby-Doo live-action film series, the film was directed by Raja Gosnell from a screenplay by James Gunn, and stars Freddie Prinze Jr., Sarah Michelle Gellar, Matthew Lillard, Linda Cardellini and Rowan Atkinson. Neil Fanning provides the voice of the titular character. The plot revolves around Mystery Incorporated, a group of four young adults and a talking dog who solve mysteries, who reunite after a two-year disbandment to investigate a mystery at a popular horror-themed tropical island resort.

Filmed in and around Queensland, Australia, on a budget of $84 million, Scooby-Doo was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on June 14, 2002, and grossed $275 million worldwide. Reggae artist Shaggy and rock group MxPx performed different versions of the Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! theme song. The Scooby-Doo Spooky Coaster, a ride based on the film, was built at Warner Bros. Movie World on the Gold Coast, Queensland, in 2002. The film received generally negative reviews from critics, but has amassed a cult following. A sequel, Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed, was released on March 26, 2004.

Plot
After Mystery, Inc. solves the mystery of the Luna Ghost at a toy factory, long-brewing friction between Fred, a self-obsessed glory hog; Daphne, who has become sick of being the one who always gets captured; and Velma, from whom Fred regularly steals credit for her plans, causes the gang to argue and subsequently disband, abandoning a dismayed Scooby and Shaggy and leaving them to care for the gang's van, the Mystery Machine.

Two years later, they are all invited to solve a mystery on a horror-themed tropical resort named "Spooky Island" at the behest of owner Emile Mondavarious, who believes the visiting tourists have fallen under a demonic curse. While Shaggy and Scooby hope this will bring the gang back together, Velma, Fred and Daphne are all intent on solving the mystery on their own. Velma attends a ritualistic performance given by actor N'Goo Tuana and his henchman, famous luchador Zarkos. N'Goo claims ancient demons once ruled the island, but have been plotting revenge ever since they were displaced by the resort. Meanwhile, Shaggy falls for a girl named Mary Jane, who is allergic to dogs, distancing himself from Scooby in the process.

The gang are all led separately to the resort's haunted house ride. After some slight arguments between Fred, Daphne, and Velma, they all decide to get along for the time being in order to split up and search for clues. Fred and Velma discover a film that educates inhuman creatures about human culture, while Daphne discovers a pyramid-shaped artifact called the "Daemon Ritus". Later, at the resort's hotel, Fred, Velma and Mondavarious are kidnapped and later possessed by the island's demons. Mary Jane calls the Coast Guard for help, but ignores them. The next day, after trying and failing to tell Shaggy that Mary Jane is secretly a demon in disguise, the two have a falling-out that results in Scooby-Doo going missing as well; Zarkos steals back the Daemon Ritus from Daphne, who is also captured and possessed.

Shaggy goes in search of his friends underground and finds a vat of protoplasm containing the souls of all those possessed. He finds and frees the souls of Daphne, Fred and Velma, who quickly discovers sunlight destroys the demons. A voodoo priest who lives on the island informs the gang the demons are to perform their "Darpokalypse" Ritual, which will see them rule the world for 10,000 years if a pure soul is sacrificed in the Daemon Ritus. The gang realizes that the pure soul is Scooby-Doo, whom Mondavarious brought to Spooky Island for this true reason. Finally realizing their mistake, Fred, Daphne, and Velma decide to put aside their differences for good and work together with Shaggy to save Scooby and the world.

The gang infiltrate the ritual, where Mondavarious is foiled in sacrificing Scooby's soul by Shaggy. Mondavarious is then revealed to be a robot controlled by Scooby's estranged nephew Scrappy-Doo, whom the gang abandoned long ago after his increasingly power-hungry and egomaniacal nature got out of control. Absorbing the tourists' souls, Scrappy transforms into a huge monster and tries to kill the gang. Daphne knocks Zarkos into the vat, tipping it over and returning most of the other souls to their bodies, releasing the demons who are then promptly killed by Daphne reflecting sunlight through a skull-shaped disco ball. Shaggy frees the rest of the souls, reversing Scrappy's transformation in the process, and finds the real Mondavarious imprisoned, having been captured by Scrappy so he could pose as his double. Scrappy and his henchmen are all arrested and Mystery, Inc. reunites.

Cast

 * Freddie Prinze Jr. as Fred Jones
 * Sarah Michelle Gellar as Daphne Blake
 * Matthew Lillard as Norville "Shaggy" Rogers
 * Linda Cardellini as Velma Dinkley
 * Rowan Atkinson as Mondavarious
 * Isla Fisher as Mary Jane
 * Miguel A. Núñez Jr. as Voodoo Maestro

Neil Fanning voices the titular character, Scooby-Doo. Scott Innes reprises his role as the voice of Scrappy-Doo and J. P. Manoux voices Scrappy Rex. Sam Greco portrays Zarkos; Steven Grieves portrays N'Goo Tuana; Kristian Schmid portrays Brad; and Michala Banas portrays Carol.

Additionally, Holly Brisley appears as a Training Video Woman. Frank Welker and Jess Harnell voice the creatures. Sugar Ray, Pamela Anderson, and Nicholas Hope appeared in cameo roles.

Development
Producer Charles Roven began developing a live-action treatment of Scooby-Doo in 1994. By the end of the decade, the combined popularity of Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!, along with the addition of the script and updated digital animation, led Warner Bros. to fast track production of the film. Mike Myers was reported to be co-writing the screenplay with Jay Kogan in July 1998, and was later on board to play Shaggy as well. In October 2000, the film was officially given the green light. Variety reported that Raja Gosnell had been hired to direct the film.

The film was shot on location in and around Queensland, Australia. Production was started on February 12, 2001, at the Warner Bros. Movie World theme park, with over 400 cast and crew also taking over Tangalooma Island Resort for six weeks to film all the scenes set on Spooky Island. Production wrapped in June 2001. The film was originally set to have a much darker tone, essentially poking fun at the original series, much like The Brady Bunch Movie, and was set for a PG-13 rating. Shaggy was set to be a stoner, and there were many marijuana references.

Several rumors about these aspects in the original cartoon series were passed around by fans of the original and were to be incorporated into the live action film. In March 2001, one month into filming, the first official cast picture was released.

According to Sarah Michelle Gellar, after the cast had signed on there was a change, and the film became more family friendly, though some of the original adult jokes are still in the film. They are also included in deleted scenes on the home media releases. Gellar said her character and Linda Cardellini's shared an onscreen kiss that did not make the final film. "It wasn't just, like, for fun," she said, explaining it took place in the body-switching scene. "Initially in the soul-swapping scene, Velma and Daphne couldn't seem to get their souls back together in the woods. And so the way they found was to kiss, and the souls went back into proper alignment."

In 2017, the 15th anniversary of the release of the film, James Gunn, the film's screenwriter, revealed in a Facebook post that there was an R-rated cut of Scooby-Doo and that CGI was used to remove cleavage of the female cast members.

Casting
Actors Freddie Prinze Jr. and Sarah Michelle Gellar, who both previously worked together in I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997) and portray Fred and Daphne, are romantically involved in both the film and reality. This film marks the first time in the franchise's history where the characters are portrayed as a couple. The pair married shortly after the film was released. Prinze said of his character, "[He] always showed more arrogance than everyone else. So in the movie, I took the opportunity to make him as narcissistic and self-loving as possible."

Jim Carrey was originally attached to play Shaggy, while Mike Myers also expressed interest in the role. Lochlyn Munro also auditioned for the role. The role was eventually given to Matthew Lillard. When asked about watching several cartoons before playing Shaggy, Lillard responded, "Everything I could get my hands on. If I ever have to see another episode of Scooby-Doo, it will be way too soon." Lillard would continue voicing Shaggy in the rest of the Scooby-Doo media starting in 2010, at the request of the character's original voice actor Casey Kasem, who had stepped down due to health issues; he would also poke fun at this appearance in the following year's Looney Tunes: Back in Action, where an animated Shaggy and Scooby voice their grievances over Lillard's portrayal during a lunch in the Warner Bros. studio cafeteria and threaten him to portray the character better in the sequel.

Isla Fisher grew up watching Scooby-Doo in Australia, and said that the "best part of making this movie was being part of an institution, something that has been in people's childhoods and is something that means a lot to a lot of people." Linda Cardellini was also a fan of the Scooby-Doo series.

Filming
Principal photography began on February 13, 2001, and wrapped on June 1, 2001. Filming took place throughout Queensland, Australia. Spooky Island was filmed on Tangalooma Island resort in Moreton Island.

Soundtrack
The film's score was composed by David Newman. A soundtrack was released on June 4, 2002, by Atlantic Records. It peaked at number 24 on the Billboard 200 and 49 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.

Marketing
On November 16, 2001, the first trailer of Scooby-Doo was released in theaters with the opening of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. A second trailer debuted with the release of Ice Age and Showtime on March 15, 2002.

A video game based upon the film was released for Game Boy Advance shortly before the film was released. The game is played in third-person point of view and has multiple puzzle games and mini-games. The game's structure was similar to a board game. Metacritic rated it 64/100 based on five reviews, which they labeled as "mixed or average reviews". Meanwhile, Dairy Queen began promoting the film with kids meal toys, frozen cakes and a limited edition Mystery Crunch Blizzard flavor.

Home media
The film was released on VHS and DVD on October 11, 2002. The release included deleted scenes, among them an alternate opening animated in the style of the original television series. It was later released on Blu-ray on January 16, 2007. Said Blu-ray was given a double feature pack with its sequel, Monsters Unleashed, on November 9, 2010.

Box office
Scooby-Doo debuted with $19.2 million on its opening day and $54.1 million over the weekend from 3,447 theaters, averaging about $15,711 per venue and ranking No. 1 at the box office above The Bourne Identity. At the time, it had the second-highest June opening weekend, behind Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me. During its theatrical run, Scooby-Doo also competed against another family-oriented film, Lilo & Stitch. The film closed on October 31, 2002, with a final gross of $153 million in the United States and Canada. It made an additional $122 million in other territories, bringing the total worldwide gross to $275.7 million, making it the fifteenth most successful film worldwide of 2002. The film was released in the United Kingdom on July 12, 2002, and topped the country's box office for the next two weekends, before being dethroned by Austin Powers in Goldmember.

Critical response
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 32% based on 147 reviews, with an average rating of 4.6/10. The site's critical consensus reads: "Though Lillard is uncannily spot-on as Shaggy, Scooby Doo is a tired live-action update, filled with lame jokes." On Metacritic, the film received a weighted average score of 35 out of 100 based on 31 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film one out of four stars, stating that the film "exists in a closed universe, and the rest of us are aliens. The Internet was invented so that you can find someone else's review of Scooby-Doo. Start surfing." Peter Travers of Rolling Stone said, "Get out your pooper-scoopers. Doo happens June 14th, warn the ads for Scooby-Doo. And they say there's no truth in Hollywood." Chris Hewitt of Empire gave the film two out of five stars.

Robin Rauzi of the Los Angeles Times called the film "entertainment more disposable than Hanna-Barbera's half-hour cartoons ever were." Although Jay Boyar of the Orlando Sentinel said that children who liked the animated version of Scooby-Doo will "probably like" the film, he urged parents to "know that the violence is a bit harder-edged than in the cartoon version". He would later go on to say that adults who remember the cartoon version "may get caught up in what Scooby would call the 'rostalgia'", but said that "adults who do not fondly recall the Scooby-Doo cartoons are strongly advised to steer clear." Robert K. Elder of the Chicago Tribune gave the film 2 and 1/2 stars out of 4 and wrote, "Screenwriter James Gunn gets it mostly right, remaining fiercely faithful to Mystery Inc. mythology, from integrating Scooby's annoying nephew Scrappy-Doo to Velma's penchant for yelling 'jinkees!' Unlike the lead balloon adaptation 'Josie and the Pussycats,' Scooby-Doo knows when to take itself seriously and when to laugh at itself -- even if its audience isn't laughing along at every gag."

Conversely, Hank Struever of The Washington Post gave the film a positive review, stating that "You don't want to love this, but you will. Although Scooby-Doo falls far short of becoming the Blazing Saddles of Generations X, Y and Z, it is hard to resist in its charms."

Accolades
Gellar won the Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress – Comedy. Prinze was nominated for the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actor (Razzie), but he lost to Hayden Christensen for Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones. It was also nominated for another Razzie, Most Flatulent Teen-Targeted Movie, but lost against Jackass: The Movie. It won the Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Fart in a Movie.

Sequel
A sequel, Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed, was released in 2004. A third film was planned, but canceled after the poor critical and financial results of the second.

Reboots
In 2009 and 2010, two telefilm reboots, Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins and Scooby-Doo! Curse of the Lake Monster, aired on Cartoon Network. In 2018, a direct-to-video film titled Daphne & Velma, with no connection to the previous Scooby-Doo films, was released.

title: Scooby-Doo (film)


text:
File:Craxi coins.jpg

Bettino Craxi being thrown coins at at a spontaneous protest demonstration in Rome.

Fair use rationale

 * This picture represents an unreproducible historical events and as such it can't be replaced by a free equivalent.
 * This picture illustrates an important period in the history of Italy and greatly enriches the articles.
 * This picture is of reduced size and resolution, so copies made from it don't impair the rights of the copyright owner(s).

title: File:Craxi coins.jpg


text:
Talk:List of naval ships of Germany

"DKM" prefix consistency; one or two Lützows?
Two questions: 1) Wasn't "DKM" used as the prefix on all Kriegsmarine ship names, including battleships and aux cruisers? If so, why aren't we consistent about that in our link names? And 2) Is the Lützow that is listed under Pocket battleships the same as the one listed under Heavy cruisers? --Wernher 01:22, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * There were two Lützows in the Kriegsmarine. The first was a heavy cruiser of the Hipper class, sold uncompleted to the Soviet Union in 1939. Subsequently, the former Deutschland (pocket battleship/heavy cruiser) was renamed Lützow.Cosal 02:40, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

 * This has come up a couple times - so far no one has presented any evidence or usage examples showing that "DKM" was ever official in the way that "HMS" or "USS" are. Some articles are under DKM because of ill-advised moves ( some people feel really compelled to have a ship prefix, have a hard time believing that they might not have been used :-) ). Stan 07:00, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * OK, thanks for the clarification. One should perhaps research this a little more. Also, contrary to the "DKM" prefix, do we know for sure that the "SMS" prefix was actually used? --Wernher 22:17, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * I'm pretty sure about that one, although now that I go look for a definitive statement in my library, I can't find one. :-) One little cheat is to go look at the German WP, presumably they tend to be more familiar with their own ships. Stan 23:21, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * SMS (meaning His Majesty's Ship) was definitely used for all Imperial cruisers and capital ships. DKM was never used on ships' names;  it is merely an occasionally used abbreviation for Deutsche Kriegsmarine.Cosal 00:48, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

 * SMS was the only prefix officially used in Germany, and only during the period of the Imperial Navy (i.e. up to 1919). DKM is a western creation (presumably of English-speaking war historians), and FGS likewise is a monikor slapped down by NATO, not officially utilized internally by Germany, and not officially prefix to the name of a ship.  This is similar to the situation in France with FS.  Joshbaumgartner 17:41, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

Obsolete battleships of DKM renamed SMS's?
I would guess that the two by-then old battleships Schleswig-Holstein and Schleisen was most probably renamed battleships from the Kaiserliche Marine. Anyone know something about this? --Wernher 01:29, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * see here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_German_battleships
 * Yes, they were old pre-dreadnaughts which Germany was allowed to retain after the Treaty of Versailles. They weren't really battleships any longer, but merely artillery training ships.Cosal 00:50, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

Term "Fast Attack Craft" should be "Fast Patrol Boat"
The correct term for the vessels listed under "Fast Attack Craft" should be "Fast Patrol Boats". The term Fast Patrol Boat (FPB) is the official NATO referrence to vessels of this size, speed and armament. The abbreviation FPBG is used to mark FPB vessels with guided missiles.

See this page for examples. The table lists the official NATO referrences as I have come to know them during my service. These should be used to categorize the vessels to avoid confusion.

--polarapfel 16:04, 3 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * If "Fast Patrol Boat" is the official term used by Germany, then we should make the change. Joshbaumgartner 23:21, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

 * The German term is "Schnellboot" ("fast boat"), and they were equipped with torpedos, later also guided missiles, and intended to attack (and then evade) enemy ships at high speed. While it is correct that they were/are intended for coastal protection against potential invadors, this does not justify calling them patrol boats.  In WWII Germany used converted fish cutters and other small craft as patrols and lookouts, calling them "Vorpostenboot".  They were very lightly armed, often with nothing more than a 20 mm gun or a heavy machine gun.Cosal 01:01, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Schnelboot is what I've seen as their German name. I know terms like 'patrol boat' and such have been adopted by some countries to avert the more offensive connotations of 'attack boat', but if Germany hasn't officially adopted this move, then we shouldn't attach it just because NATO has.  WP guidelines are to defer to the terminology in use in the country which the article is relative to, in this case Germany.  The vessels in question meet the generic definition of a fast attack craft, and I think it is fair to refer to them as such. 70.185.31.52 08:19, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

 * "Patrol Boats" in German use generally got the designation Wachboot ("guard boat"; this is also sometimes used in German to refer to foreign patrol boats). A Wachboot is similarly armed to the above-mentioned WW2 Vorpostenboot, though sometimes somewhat heavier as well. The Bundesmarine only had few dedicated Wachboote: the boats with "UW" designations listed as Type 149 (former E-boats) in the List of German Federal Navy ships, as well as the others in that class listed under P designations. Other Wachboote with a W designation were operated by the Bundesgrenzschutz, before they received a BGS and further on a BP (for Bundespolizei) designation.
 * The Bundesmarine term is Schnellboot for what we're discussing here, and always refers to some sort of attack craft armed with either torpedoes or missiles in addition to guns. This is commonly known as a FAC in international use. However, within NATO scope, all Bundesmarine Schnellboote received a P (for Patrol) hull designation, like all FACs within NATO. Kato2k6 16:11, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:List of naval ships of Germany


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User talk:Mrryantsmith

Hello, "Mrryantsmith" and welcome to Wikipedia. A few tips for you:

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title: User talk:Mrryantsmith


text: User talk:24.128.115.125

title: User talk:24.128.115.125


text:
Stanley Crouch

Stanley Lawrence Crouch (December 14, 1945 – September 16, 2020) was an American poet, music and cultural critic, syndicated columnist, novelist, and biographer. He was known for his jazz criticism and his 2000 novel Don't the Moon Look Lonesome?

Biography
Stanley Lawrence Crouch was born in Los Angeles, the son of James and Emma Bea (Ford) Crouch. He was raised by his mother. In Ken Burns' 2005 television documentary Unforgivable Blackness, Crouch said that his father was a "criminal" and that he once met the boxer Jack Johnson. As a child he was a voracious reader, having read the complete works of Ernest Hemingway, Mark Twain, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and many of the other classics of American literature by the time he finished high school. His mother told him of the experiences of her youth in east Texas and the black culture of the southern midwest, including the Kansas City jazz scene. He became an enthusiast for jazz in both the aesthetic and historical senses. He graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in Los Angeles in 1963. After high school, he attended junior colleges and became active in the civil rights movement, working for the Student Nonviolent Co-ordinating Committee. He was also involved in artistic and educational projects centered on the African-American community of Los Angeles, soon gaining recognition for his poetry. In 1968, he became poet-in-residence at Pitzer College, then taught theatre and literature at Pomona College until 1975. The Watts riots were a pivotal event in his early development as a thinker on racial issues. A quote from the rioting, "Ain't no ambulances for no nigguhs tonight", was used as a title for a polemical speech that advocated black nationalist ideas, released as a recording in 1969; it was also used for a 1972 collection of his poems.

Crouch was then active as a jazz drummer. Together with David Murray, he formed the group Black Music Infinity. In 1975, he sought to further his endeavors with a move from California to New York City, where he shared a loft with Murray above an East Village club called the Tin Palace. He was a drummer for Murray and with other musicians of the underground New York loft jazz scene. While working as a drummer, Crouch conducted the booking for an avant-garde jazz series at the club, as well as organizing occasional concert events at the Ladies' Fort. By his own admission he was not a good drummer, saying "The problem was that I couldn't really play. Since I was doing this avant-garde stuff, I didn't have to be all that good, but I was a real knucklehead."

Crouch befriended Ralph Ellison and Albert Murray, who influenced his thinking in a direction less centered on race. He stated with regard to Murray's influence, "I saw how important it is to free yourself from ideology. When you look at things solely in terms of race or class, you miss what is really going on." He made a final, public break with black nationalist ideology in 1979, in an exchange with Amiri Baraka in the Village Voice. He was also emerging as a public critic of recent cultural and artistic trends that he saw as empty, phony, or corrupt. His targets included the fusion and avant-garde movements in jazz (including his own participation in the latter) and literature that he saw as hiding their lack of merit behind racial posturing. As a writer for the Voice from 1980 to 1988, he was known for his blunt criticisms of his targets and tendency to excoriate their participants. It was during this period that he became a friend and intellectual mentor to Wynton Marsalis, and an advocate of the neotraditionalist movement that he saw as reviving the core values of jazz. In 1987, he became an artistic consultant for the Jazz at Lincoln Center program, joined by Marsalis, who later became artistic director, in 1991.

After his stint at the Voice, Crouch published Notes of a Hanging Judge: Essays and Reviews, 1979–1989, which was selected by The Encyclopædia Britannica Yearbook as the best book of essays published in 1990. That was followed by receipt of a Whiting Award in 1991, and a MacArthur Foundation "genius" grant and the Jean Stein Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1993.

Crouch continued to be an active author, producing works of fiction and nonfiction, articles for periodicals and newspaper columns. He was a columnist for the New York Daily News and a syndicated columnist. He also participated as a source in documentaries and as a guest in televised discussions. During the 2000s he was a featured commentator on Ken Burns' Jazz (2001) and Unforgivable Blackness (2005), on the life of the boxer Jack Johnson. He also published the novel Don't The Moon Look Lonesome? (2000), a collection of his reviews and writings on jazz, Considering Genius (2007), and a biography of the jazz musician Charlie Parker, Kansas City Lightning (2013). His posthumous collection Victory Is Assured (2022) was edited by Glenn Mott.

Crouch became less of a public figure due to declining health during his last decade. He died on September 16, 2020, at Calvary Hospital in New York City. The cause of death was a "long, unspecified illness," though he also struggled with a bout of COVID-19 in the spring. He was 74.

Crouch's personal and professional papers are held by the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library.

Personal life
Crouch lived in Carroll Gardens, Brooklyn.

Opinions
As a political thinker, Crouch was initially drawn to, then became disillusioned with, the Black Power movement of the late 1960s. His critiques of his former co-thinkers, whom he refers to as a "lost generation", are collected in Notes of a Hanging Judge: Essays and Reviews, 1979–1989 and The All-American Skin Game, or, The Decoy of Race: The Long and the Short of It, 1990–1994. He identified the embrace of racial essentialism among African-American leaders and intellectuals as a diversion from issues more central to the betterment of African Americans and society as a whole. In the 1990s, he upset many political thinkers when he declared himself a "radical pragmatist". He explained, "I affirm whatever I think has the best chance of working, of being both inspirational and unsentimental, of reasoning across the categories of false division and beyond the decoy of race".

In his syndicated column for the New York Daily News, Crouch frequently criticized prominent African Americans. Crouch was critical of, among others: Alex Haley, the author of The Autobiography of Malcolm X and Roots: The Saga of an American Family; community leader Al Sharpton; filmmaker Spike Lee; scholar Cornel West, and poet and playwright Amiri Baraka.

Crouch was also a fierce critic of gangsta rap music, asserting that it promotes violence, criminal lifestyles, and degrading attitudes toward women. With this viewpoint, he defended Bill Cosby's "Pound Cake Speech" and praised a women's group at Spelman College for speaking out against rap music. With regard to rapper Tupac Shakur he wrote, "what dredged-up scum you are willing to pay for is what scum you get, on or off stage."

From the late 1970s, Crouch was critical of forms of jazz that diverge from what he regarded as its essential core values, similar to the opinions of Albert Murray on the same topic. In jazz critic Alex Henderson's assessment, Crouch was a "rigid jazz purist" and "a blistering critic of avant-garde jazz and fusion". Crouch commented: "We should laugh at those who make artistic claims for fusion."

In The New Yorker Robert Boynton wrote: "Enthusiastic, combative, and never averse to attention, Crouch has a virtually insatiable appetite for controversy." Boynton also observed: "Few cultural critics have a vision as eclectic and intriguing as Stanley Crouch's. Fewer still actually fight to prove their points." Crouch was fired from JazzTimes following his controversial article "Putting the White Man in Charge" in which he stated that, since the 1960s, "white musicians who can play are too frequently elevated far beyond their abilities in order to allow white writers to make themselves feel more comfortable about being in the role of evaluating an art from which they feel substantially alienated."

Association with Wynton Marsalis and Ken Burns
Trumpeter Wynton Marsalis called Crouch "my best friend in the world" and "mentor". The two met after Marsalis, at the age of 17, settled in New York City to attend the Juilliard School. The two shared a close relationship, Crouch having written liner notes for Marsalis' albums since his debut album in 1982.

When Marsalis served as "Senior Creative Consultant" for Ken Burns' 2001 documentary Jazz, Crouch served on the film's advisory board and appears extensively. Some jazz critics and aficionados cited the participation of Marsalis and Crouch specifically as reasons for what they believed to be the film's undue focus on traditional and straight-ahead jazz.

After Jazz, Crouch appeared in other Burns films, including the DVD for the 2002 remastered version of The Civil War and the 2004 documentary Unforgivable Blackness: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson.

Awards, honors, distinctions

 * In 2004, Crouch was invited to a panel of judges for the PEN/Newman's Own Award, a $25,000 award designed to protect speech as it applies to the written word.
 * In 2005, he was selected as one of the inaugural fellows by the Fletcher Foundation, which awards annual fellowships to people working on issues of race and civil rights and directed by Professor Henry Louis Gates, Jr. of Harvard University.
 * In 2005, Crouch was named Man Of The Year by Patrick Lynch of the Police Benevolent Association of the City of New York for being "as bold in his support for New York City police officers as he is in his condemnation of the city’s “cheapskate” attitude in compensating the men and women who risk their lives every day to keep New York City safe and civil", which awards annual awards to men who perform acts of political allyship towards policing as a construct and has been presided over by Patrick J. Lynch since 1999.
 * Crouch served as president of the Louis Armstrong Educational Foundation from 2009 on.
 * In 2016, Crouch was awarded the Windham–Campbell Literature Prize (nonfiction).
 * Crouch was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

title: Stanley Crouch


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Cephalopods/list of cuttlefish articles to be created

 * Southern Bottletail Squid, Sepiadarium austrinum
 * Sepia dannevigi
 * Sepia elliptica
 * Sepia whitleyana
 * Needle Cuttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) aculeata
 * Shortclub Cutttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) brevimana
 * Golden Cuttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) esculenta
 * Kisslip Cuttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) lycidas
 * Hooded Cuttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) prashadi
 * Curvespine Cuttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) recurvirostra
 * Broadback Cuttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) savignyi
 * Smith's Cuttlefish, Sepia (Acanthosepion) smithi
 * Sepia (Acanthosepion) stellifera
 * Sepia (Acanthosepion) zanzibarica
 * Southern Cuttlefish, Sepia (Anomalosepia) australis
 * Oman Cuttlefish, Sepia (Anomalosepia) omani
 * Sepia (Anomalosepia) sulcata
 * Andrea Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) andreana
 * Arabian Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) arabica
 * Slender Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) braggi
 * Kobi Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) kobiensis
 * Longarm Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) longipes
 * Spider Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) lorigera
 * Frog Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) murrayi
 * Sepia (Doratosepion) pardalis
 * Trident Cuttlefish, Sepia (Doratosepion) trygonina
 * Sepia (Doratosepion) vietnamica
 * Sepia (Rhombosepion) cultrata
 * Elegant Cuttlefish, Sepia (Rhombosepion) elegans
 * Sepia (Rhombosepion) hedleyi
 * Madokai's Cuttlefish, Sepia (Rhombosepion) madokai
 * Sepia (Rhombosepion) opipara
 * Pink Cuttlefish, Sepia (Rhombosepion) orbignyana
 * Sepia (Rhombosepion) rex
 * Sepia (Rhombosepion) vossi
 * African Cuttlefish, Sepia (Sepia) bertheloti
 * Guinean Cuttlefish, Sepia (Sepia) elobyana
 * Sepia (Sepia) hierredda
 * Papuan Cuttlefish, Sepia (Sepia) papuensis
 * Mourning Cuttlefish, Sepia (Sepia) plangon
 * Sepia (Sepia) rozella
 * Japanese Spineless Cuttlefish, Sepiella japonica
 * Ornate Cuttlefish, Sepiella ornata
 * Sepiella weberi


text: Category:Olympic wheelchair racers by year


text:
Apollo abort modes

Apollo abort modes were procedures by which the nominal launch of an Apollo spacecraft, either the Saturn IB or Saturn V rocket, could be terminated. The abort of the flight allowed for the rescue of the crew if the rocket failed catastrophically. Depending on how far the flight had progressed, different procedure or modes would be used. In the history of the Apollo Program, none of the abort modes were ever used on any of the fifteen crewed Apollo spacecraft flights.

Houston's announcements of the current abort mode and the spacecraft commander's acknowledgements were among the few things said on the radio link during the first minutes of flight.

If the rocket failed during the first phases of the flight, the Emergency Detection System (EDS) would automatically give the command to abort. The reason is that life-threatening situations can develop too fast for humans to discuss and react to. In the later, less violent phases of the ascent, the EDS was turned off and an abort would have to be initiated manually.

Overview
Of the five abort modes, the modes up to three (III) are variations of jettisoning the entire rocket followed by an immediate landing in the sea (splashdown). Mode four (IV) and the Saturn V-specific modes are variations of jettisoning only the failing rocket stage, using the other stages to continue into Earth orbit. Once there, a backup Earth-orbit mission could be performed so that the flight was not entirely in vain. In all cases, the Command Module (CM) with the astronauts performs a splashdown by:
 * Dumping the hypergolic fuel overboard since the toxic substance would be an unnecessary risk to recovery personnel.
 * If high enough, deploying high-speed parachutes (drogue parachute).
 * Jettisoning the drogues and deploying the main parachutes.
 * Splashing down in the sea and waiting for recovery team to arrive

Pad abort
If the rocket failed in the last five minutes before launch, the CM and the launch escape system (LES, see figure) would separate from the remainder of the rocket below with the LES propelling itself and the CM beneath it upward and eastward to the sea using a small solid-fueled motor (the launch escape motor) at the top of the tower on the launch escape system. The launch escape tower would then be jettisoned in anticipation of the parachute deployment and the CM would splash down. (Preparation for a pad abort is seen in Apollo video footage: five minutes before launch, the umbilical arm connecting to the CM retracts and swings clear of the rocket. It does so because the swing arm must be out of the way in case the EDS decides to abort.)

Two tests of the LES were conducted:

 * Pad Abort Test-1: Launch Escape System (LES) abort test from launch pad with Apollo Boilerplate BP-6.
 * Pad Abort Test-2: LES pad abort test of near Block-I CM with Apollo Boilerplate B-23A.

Mode I
An abort using the LES, this abort mode could be conducted from launch until the LES was jettisoned 30 seconds after the ignition of the second stage.

Mode IA (one alpha)
During the first 42 seconds of flight for the Saturn V or 60 seconds of the flight for the Saturn IB, the rocket is still relatively upright and an abort is much like a pad abort, lasting up to 3000 m. During the abort, the main pitch control motors move the CM out of the flight path of the possibly exploding rocket. At 14 seconds into the abort, the LES is jettisoned in the lead up to the splashdown.

Mode IB (one bravo)
From 3000 m to 30.5 km (100,000 ft), the rocket is tilted eastwards far enough that firing the pitch control motor is unnecessary. After the LES main motor moves the CM away from the rocket, the tower would deploy canards (small wings at the tip). They would force the CM-LES combination to pitch over with the CM bottom forward (blunt-end forward or BEF attitude.) This was necessary because the parachutes stowed at the CM top were only designed to be deployed in a downwind direction.

Mode IC (one charlie)
From 30.5 km (100,000 ft) until the LES is jettisoned, pitching the CM-LES combination over into the CM-forward position would still be necessary, but in the now thin air the canards are useless. Instead, the small engines of the CM's reaction control system (RCS) would do the job. During One-Charlie, the first staging occurs, that is the jettisoning of the spent first stage and ignition of the second stage. One-Charlie ceases about 30 seconds after the staging when the LES is jettisoned, at an altitude of about 90 km (295,000 ft or 55 miles).

Mode II
With the LES jettisoned, the Command/Service Module (CSM) would separate as a whole from the rocket and use its large engine and RCS engines to move clear of the rocket and align itself. The CM would then separate from the Service Module (SM) and splash down.

Mode III
A Mode III type abort would be used when a Mode II type would risk the spacecraft coming down over land, or landing in the cold water of the North Atlantic. The CSM would separate from the rocket in the same manner as a Mode II abort, but would additionally use the SPS engine to make either a posigrade burn (Mode IIIA) or retrograde burn (Mode IIIB) to land in a specific area on the eastern side of the Atlantic. Mode III was only available as a primary abort mode for 10–15 seconds during a Saturn IB launch, and was only used as a backup abort mode for Saturn V launches, in case of an abort requiring the immediate landing of the spacecraft.

Mode IV
Mode IV was an abort mode that occurred during the S-IVB burn. Should the S-IVB fail, the Service Module engine can place the CSM into Earth orbit to perform an Earth-orbit mission.

Mode V
A Mode V abort was only planned for use during the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project launch. In the event of an early S-IVB shutdown, the CSM RCS thrusters would be used to insert the entire stack (including the docking adapter) into orbit. The time window for a Mode V abort was only 1.5 seconds before nominal S-IVB cutoff.

Saturn V specific abort modes
During orbital abort phases (S-IVB to COI, S-IVB to orbit and Mode IV), modes II and III were available as backup modes in the event of further problems.

The EDS was enabled for the pad abort (beginning 5 minutes prior to launch) through abort mode IB phases. Beginning in mode IC, the EDS was switched off and aborts would have had to be commanded manually.

S-IVB to COI
("Saturn IV-B (NASA's designation for the Saturn V's third stage burn) To Contingency Orbit Insertion") In case of a failure of the S-II second stage, the stage would be jettisoned, and the rocket is high and fast enough that the S-IVB third stage, followed by the Service Module (SM) engine, has enough propellant to place the spacecraft in Earth orbit. There would not be enough propellant to perform trans-lunar injection, so only an Earth-orbit mission would be performed.

S-IVB to Orbit
The failing S-II would again be jettisoned, but Earth orbit insertion is now possible by the S-IVB alone. Other than not using the SM engine, this is identical to an S-IVB to COI abort.

title: Apollo abort modes


text:
The Happy Wanderer

"The Happy Wanderer" ("Der fröhliche Wanderer" or "Mein Vater war ein Wandersmann") is a popular song. The original text was written by Florenz Friedrich Sigismund (1791–1877).

The present tune was composed by Friedrich-Wilhelm Möller shortly after World War II. The work is often mistaken for a German folk song, but it is an original composition. Möller's sister Edith conducted a small amateur children's and youth choir in the district of Schaumburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany, internationally named Obernkirchen Children's Choir, in Germany named Schaumburger Märchensänger. She adapted Sigismund's words for her choir.

In 1953, a BBC radio broadcast of the choir's winning performance at the Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod turned the song into an instant hit. On 22 January 1954 the song entered the UK singles chart and stayed on the chart—only a Top 12 at the time—for 26 non-consecutive weeks, peaking at Number 2 (for five consecutive weeks). The amateur choir, many of whose original members were war orphans, turned into an international phenomenon in the following years. The group performed on many international tours under the name Obernkirchen Children's Choir and recorded several albums. They made two appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show (29 November 1964 and 11 December 1966).

Die Isarspatzen, Herbert Beckh und das Tanzorchester des Bayerischer Rundfunks München have recorded a German version of the song "Der fröhliche Wanderer". Electrola released that recording in 1955 as catalog number EG 8082.

The song's German lyrics have been translated into several languages, and it has since become a choir classic. The first adaptation into another language was done by a Belgian woman, Andrée Mazy, who came up with versions in Dutch-Flemish and French. Since in Dutch folk songs "valderi-valdera" (pronounced "falderi-faldera") is more common than the German "falleri-fallera", she used the Dutch model in both versions. When Antonia Ridge was writing the English lyrics, she became acquainted with the French version of the song, with "valderi-valdera", pronounced with a true soft /v/ instead of the voiceless /f/, and borrowed it over into the English version mainly for euphonic reasons (less military sounding). During WWII, a more military version of the song became immensely popular with the German paratroopers. Although Friedrich-Wilhelm Möller reportedly composed "Mein Vater war ein Wandersmann" shortly after World War II, Steven Spielberg's 1993 historical drama film, Schindler's List, contains a scene in which a group is singing the tune, mixed with another German folk song, in a nightclub during that war.

Milton DeLugg wrote an arrangement and is sometimes incorrectly credited as the composer of the song. A number of English-language sources credit Edith Möller and Florenz Siegesmund with writing the words, the implication being (apparently) that they were written at the same time as the tune. However, the German sources all credit the original words to either Friedrich Sigismund, F. Sigismund, or Florenz Friedrich Sigismund and give the dates as either 1788–1857 or early 19th century. All German sources agree that the words to the popular version were adapted by Edith Möller.

The song also became the unofficial anthem of Major League Baseball's Montreal Expos (since relocated to become the Washington Nationals).

"The Happy Wanderer" was selected as the winner of Trinidad's 1955 Road March title, awarded to the song which was most played by steelbands during that year's Carnival season. It was the only time a non-calypso song had been awarded this honour.

title: The Happy Wanderer


text:
Jale (band)

Jale was a Canadian alternative rock band from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Contemporaries of Sloan and The Super Friendz, they formed in 1992 and was part of the Halifax Pop Explosion scene in the 1990s. They released three records as a band (the albums Dreamcake and So Wound and the EP Closed) before disbanding in 1996.

Career
Jale was formed by four art school students in 1992. The guitarist Jennifer Pierce had earlier sung backing vocals on the album Smeared by Sloan. The other founders were Alyson MacLeod (drums), Laura Stein (bass guitar) and Eve Hartling (guitar). The band's name was formed from the first letters of the members' first names.

Jale was one of the first two Canadian bands (with Eric's Trip) to be signed to Seattle record label Sub Pop, at a time when the music industry turned their attention to the East Coast following the success of Seattle's grunge music. Their debut album, Dreamcake, was released by Sub Pop in 1994. Two music videos were made, "Promise (Jimmybeam Majestic Version", directed by Tyran George, and "Not Happy"

In the summer of 1995, the band released the Closed EP on local label Murderecords. Music videos were released for the songs "Double Edge", "Long Way Home" , and "Jesus Loves Me". The EP would be the last record featuring drummer Alyson MacLeod, who left Jale to join The Hardship Post. Mike Belitsky of the alt-country band The Sadies replaced MacLeod as drummer.

In November 1995, Jale regrouped to record their second and final album, So Wound, in Chicago. THe band released a music video for the signle "All Ready" So Wound was a consciously more power pop album than Dreamcake and received critical praise. However, Sub Pop pulled support for the album while the band was on tour. Only a few months after the release of So Wound, Jale disbanded.

Albums and EPs

 * Dreamcake (1994)
 * Closed EP (1995)
 * So Wound (1996)

Singles

 * "Aunt Betty" (7", Single) (1992)
 * "Gold Leather With Heel Detail" (7", Single) (1993)
 * "Cut" (7", Single) (1993)
 * "Sort of Grey" (7", Single) (1993)
 * "14 08 93" (7", Cass/CD, Single) (1994)
 * Edgefest Murder EP (7", Promo) (1994)
 * "All Ready / Hey Hey" (7"/CD, Single) (1996)
 * "True What You Say" (7", Single) (1997)

Videos

 * "Promise" - Sub Pop Video Network Program 3 (VHS, 1995)

After the break up
Pierce, Stein and Belitsky continued as The Vees. They toured Canada twice and released an EP, The Vees, on the Halifax label Murderecords in 1997. The band stopped performing the following year. Pierce, Stein and Belitsky resurfaced in 2000 as Chappaquiddick Skyline, a side project of the Massachusetts-based Pernice Brothers, and released an album, Chappaquiddick Skyline. Stein and Belitsky later appeared on the Pernice Brothers' albums The World Won't End (2001) and Yours, Mine and Ours (2003).

All members of the band worked on photography and graphic design of posters, album artwork and art direction for music videos. Hartling was nominated for a Juno award in 1997 for her design of So Wound. She continued to paint, and after exhibiting her work in group shows in Halifax over several years, had her first solo show in 2005. Hartling lives and works in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Stein went on to become a graphic designer, first in New York City, balancing design and touring as keyboardist with Pernice Brothers. She later joined Sid Lee, a creative services firm, at their Toronto office. She is now CCO at Bruce Mau Design in Toronto.

title: Jale (band)


text:
Paul Avrich

Paul Avrich (August 4, 1931 – February 16, 2006) was an American historian specialising in the 19th and early 20th-century anarchist movement in Russia and the United States. He taught at Queens College, City University of New York, for his entire career, from 1961 to his retirement as distinguished professor of history in 1999. He wrote ten books, mostly about anarchism, including topics such as the 1886 Haymarket Riot, the 1921 Sacco and Vanzetti case, the 1921 Kronstadt naval base rebellion, and an oral history of the movement.

As an ally of the movement's major figures, he sought to challenge the portrayal of anarchists as amoral and violent, and collected papers from these figures that he donated as a 20,000-item collection to the Library of Congress.

Early and personal life
Paul Avrich was born August 4, 1931, in Brooklyn to parents of Jewish and Ukrainian heritage from Odessa. His parents – Rose (née Zapol) Avrich and Murray Avrich – were a Yiddish theater actress and a dress manufacturer, respectively. In the early 1950s, he served in the Korean War with the U.S. Air Force. Avrich completed his undergraduate studies at Cornell University in 1952, and his graduate studies at Columbia University in 1961. His doctoral dissertation addressed the labor movement in the Russian Revolution. Avrich was among the first American exchange students to study in the Soviet Union when it opened during the Khrushchev Thaw. Anarchists he met through his research into the anarchist Yiddish newspaper Freie Arbeiter Stimme sparked his interest in the movement. He later named his cats after Mikhail Bakunin and Piotr Kropotkin. Avrich was married and had two daughters and a sister.

Career
Avrich was a historian of the 19th and early 20th-century anarchist movement in Russia and the United States. He wrote ten books in his career, mostly about anarchism, including topics such as the 1886 Haymarket Riot, the 1921 Sacco and Vanzetti case, the 1921 Kronstadt rebellion, and an oral history of the movement.

As a teacher and historian of the anarchist movement, Avrich had sympathy and affection for the cause and became a trusted colleague of its major figures. Accordingly, he sought to communicate to his students an affection and solidarity for anarchists "as people, rather than as militants" and challenged the perception of anarchists as amoral and violent. He wanted his work to resurrect the thought of marginalized anarchists, whom he saw as "pioneers of social justice" worth revisiting in the revival of libertarianism following the Vietnam War and second-wave feminism.

Avrich joined Queens College as a Russian history instructor in 1961, where he remained for the duration of his career, though he also was a member of the City University of New York Graduate Center faculty. He received a Guggenheim Fellowship for Russian history in 1967 and a National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship in 1972. When named a distinguished professor of history in 1982, his announcement quoted him: "Every good person deep down is an anarchist." He retired in 1999. Avrich collected books, photos, and papers from key anarchists and donated a 20,000-item collection to the Library of Congress. He died on February 16, 2006, in Manhattan's Mount Sinai Hospital from complications due to Alzheimer's disease.

His Soviet research and documents on the suppressed Kronstadt insurrection led to several books on anarchists in the Russian revolution, including Kronstadt, 1921. He interviewed Soviet exiles in New York, where he first met members of the Freie Arbeiter Stimme. Avrich then moved to major figures in American anarchism and published a book in 1980 on the Ferrer Schools inspired by Francisco Ferrer. His 1984 book on the Haymarket Riot won the Philip Taft Labor History Book Award, and his 1991 book on Sacco and Vanzetti presented the pair as revolutionaries rather than philosophical anarchists. Avrich's last book, in 1995, compiled 30 years of interviews across the anarchist movement. Several of his works were nominated for Pulitzer Prizes.

Works

 * The Russian Anarchists (1967)
 * Kronstadt, 1921 (1970)
 * Russian Rebels, 1600–1800 (1972)
 * The Anarchists in the Russian Revolution (1973)
 * An American Anarchist: The Life of Voltairine de Cleyre (1978)
 * The Modern School Movement: Anarchism and Education in the United States (1980)
 * The Haymarket Tragedy (1984)
 * Anarchist Portraits (1988)
 * Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background (1991)
 * Anarchist Voices: An Oral History of Anarchism in America (1995)
 * Sasha and Emma: The Anarchist Odyssey of Alexander Berkman and Emma Goldman (2012) [co-authored with his daughter, Karen Avrich]

title: Paul Avrich


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Cephalopods/list of bobtail squid articles to be created

 * Heteroteuthis (Heteroteuthis) weberi
 * Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) dagamensis
 * Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) hawaiiensis
 * Heteroteuthis (Stephanoteuthis) serventyi
 * Antilles Bobtail Squid, Austrorossia antillensis
 * Stout Bobtail, Rossia macrosoma
 * North Pacific Bobtail Squid, Rossia pacifica pacifica
 * Tortugas Bobtail Squid, Rossia tortugaensis
 * Greater Bobtail Squid, Semirossia equalis
 * Elegant Bobtail, Sepietta neglecta
 * Anagolous Bobtail, Sepiola affinis
 * Butterfly Bobtail, Sepiola birostrata
 * Intermediate Bobtail, Sepiola intermedia
 * Tongue Bobtail, Sepiola ligulata
 * Sepiola parva
 * Robust Bobtail, Sepiola robusta
 * Sepiola trirostrata


text:
Warmachine

Warmachine is a tabletop steampunk wargame originally produced by Privateer Press but currently under the ownership of Steamforged Games.

The game is played with white metal, plastic, and resin miniatures representing military characters from the Iron Kingdoms setting. Battles are fought between warcasters from rival nations, the large steam-powered warjacks that the warcasters control, and troops consisting of humans and fantasy races.

Warmachine has been the recipient of the 2003 Origins Awards for Best Fantasy Miniatures Rules and Best Fantasy Miniatures Series. In 2005 Warmachine won Game of the Year at Origins and Gamers Choice for Best Miniatures.

A compatible companion game involving the savage factions named Hordes was released in 2006. The Hordes branding has since been retired with the launch of the MKIV edition.

Overview
Warmachine's most distinctive feature is the inclusion of Warcasters and Warjacks (the war machines from which the game derives its name). Warjacks, or 'jacks' for short, are techno-steam powered constructs designed for waging war. They are, in general, powered by a coal-burning steam engine and guided by an arcane supercomputer-like "brain" called a cortex. Heavily armored and often carrying oversized weaponry, 'jacks fill a role similar to traditional military armor such as tanks and artillery. They are several times more durable and powerful than normal troops, but are far more costly.

Warcasters are the pivotal characters of the game. They are powerful generals and spellcasters who have learned to control warjacks as well as serve multiple other roles. In addition to guiding the warjacks' destructive power, they are the army commanders, potent combatants, and powerful spellcasters. Each has a special feat that can be used once per battle; their effects range from subtle to explosive and can be enough to change the tide of battle.

In addition to warcasters and warjacks, armies can field supporting infantry troops of many varieties, powerful machines of war called battle engines, durable structures that support their infantry troops, and even more massive versions of warjacks known as colossals. Some are infantry or gunners, while others have more specialized roles, from warjack repairmen to "journeyman" warcasters—novice versions of the models that command armies. Most of these troops come in groups and move in formations, but there are also independent characters called solos.

In the first major expansion, Warmachine: Wrath, battle engines were introduced. Battle engines are huge mechanical constructs that are not warjacks and thus do not require focus. Each faction has one battle engine available at the moment.

The second major expansion, Warmachine: Colossals, gave each faction towering warjacks known as Colossals. Taking a role similar to a battleship, each Colossal is heavily armed and capable of dealing and receiving large amounts of damage. Their powerful presence is balanced by their high cost to include them in an army, making the loss of a Colossal during the course of a game a heavy loss of resources.

The third major expansion, Warmachine: Vengeance, added new Epic versions of older warlords, as well as new units, solos and warjacks. The new journeyman warcasters introduced with the video game Warmachine: Tactics (see below) were also added.

Most recently, through the CID or Community Integrated Development process, a new model type has been added called structures. These immobile models often deploy far ahead of normal forces, but may not change positions throughout the game, and provide a powerful, if situational, bonus to your army. Stationed atop the largest base size in the game, these massive buildings can be seen from anywhere on the battlefield, making them tempting targets, but often powerful fortifications.

In June 2024, it was announced that Steamforged Games had acquired the Iron Kingdoms brand, which includes Warmachine and related other titles.

Gameplay
The overall gameplay is supposed to encourage aggression rather than defensive tactics, such as sitting behind fortifications. This was referred to among players and the game's developers as 'Page 5' in previous versions of the game, however in the "Mark 3" rules, the company has pushed into a more balanced direction with regards to both aggressive versus controlling strategies, and the previous performative masculine rhetoric.

Warmachine is similar to many other miniature wargames in that each army consists of several units, each of which acts during a turn. Individual units move, attack, and may perform other actions such as repairing a warjack or using a feat. The primary mechanic unique to Warmachine is the use of focus points. Each warcaster receives a certain number of focus points each turn, which represents that warcaster's power. At the beginning of the turn, focus may be spent to pay for ongoing abilities and allocated between the warlord and 'jacks in the caster's battlegroup within their "Control Area" or sphere of influence - a distance based on the 'caster's focus stat. Focus allows warjacks to become more accurate and powerful by "boosting" their attacks, and to perform special actions called "Power Attacks" such as slamming a model across the battlefield with their heft or throwing an enemy model at another model. Additionally warcasters can use focus to cast spells performing all manner of arcane effects from attacks, to movement bonuses, to offensive/defensive enhancements. Good focus management can often be the difference between winning and losing. The warcaster is the single most important model on either side in the game. If a player's warcaster is killed, they lose the game, no matter how many casualties, or how much damage, they have inflicted on the enemy.

Releases
The first book, Warmachine: Prime, was originally released in 2003, with a revised edition, Warmachine: Prime Remix, released in early 2007. All of the subsequent books have been expansions of Prime. Each expansion usually introduces new warcasters, warjacks, units, and solos, as well as new model subtypes – such as cavalry units – that add new strategies and complexities to each faction. With the release of Mk II, all previous books models have been folded into the new Forces of Warmachine series.

Mark I Warmachine

 * Warmachine: Prime – 2003
 * Warmachine: Escalation – 2004
 * Warmachine: Apotheosis – 2005
 * Warmachine: Superiority – 2006
 * Warmachine: Prime Remix – 2007
 * Forces of Warmachine: Pirates of the Broken Coast – 2007
 * Warmachine: Legends – 2008

Mk II is a complete reworking of the game, with every model available changed and/or recosted, alongside the changes to the rules set. The cards for all models from the Mk I line are also available for purchase as Faction Decks as of January 2010, as is a new template set.

Mark II Warmachine

 * Warmachine: Prime Mk II – January 2010
 * Warmachine: Wrath – June 2011
 * Warmachine: Colossals – July 2012
 * Warmachine: Vengeance – March 2014
 * Warmachine: Reckoning – June 2015

 * Forces of Warmachine is the name of a series of expansions that each focus on a themed army, as opposed to having additions to all of the factions.
 * Forces of Warmachine: Retribution of Scyrah – 2009
 * Forces of Warmachine: Cygnar – February 2010
 * Forces of Warmachine: Khador – March 2010
 * Forces of Warmachine: Protectorate of Menoth – April 2010
 * Forces of Warmachine: Cryx – June 2010
 * Forces of Warmachine: Mercenaries – July 2010
 * Forces of Warmachine: Convergence of Cyriss – July 2013

Mark III (referred to as "All New War" by Privateer Press) is another reworking of the game. As with MK II all models and point levels of army lists have been updated. Privateer Press has begun the Community Integrated Development or CID process to involve players in the development of errata, new releases, and theme forces as a quality control mechanism in what they are calling a "continuous development" goal. The idea of this process is to avoid new version releases following Mark 3. As a result, all model cards and the base rules set are available on the Privateer Press website.

Mark III Warmachine

 * Warmachine: Prime Mk III – June 2016

In July 2017 new faction was released: Grymkin (limited release, not limited edition). This was first step to prepare to the next global event.

In July 2018 the next limited release faction appeared—the Crucible Guard.

In October 2019 new global campaign started, forming new alliances to resist invading new faction of daemons—Infernals.

In December 2019 a new Twitter account @HengeholdScroll started to report what was going on the battlefield, revealing character motivations and relations.

WARMACHINE: MKIV
In July 2022, WARMACHINE: MKIV was announced. Support for this edition began in January 2023. MKIV introduced a roughly 10 year time jump, which saw many existing factions and characters change drastically. All pre-MKIV models are now out of print from the publisher.

The out of print Legacy armies have received updated rules, and all models can be played in the new edition. The rules for the game are provided for free through the Warmachine app.

The new WARMACHINE: MKIV armies are Cygnar Storm Legion, Khador Winter Korps, Dusk House Kallyss, Orgoth Sea Raiders, Southern Kriels Brineblood Marauders, and Khymaera Shadowflame Shard. New models are mostly made with 3D printing technology.

Warmachine: Tactics
On August 14, 2009, Privateer Press announced they were in the beginning stages of development for a Warmachine video game. The contract is with WhiteMoon Dreams, a small Los Angeles based video games company. WhiteMoon Dreams is an indie game developer with programmers with experience working on hit titles such as the Fallout series, Myth 3, Flower, the Ratchet & Clank series, and the Medal of Honor series.

On July 10, 2013, Privateer Press launched a Kickstarter project to aid development of this game now titled Warmachine: Tactics, ultimately raising a total of $1,578,950.

On July 9, 2014, the game was released on Steam under the Early Access program, meaning that people can buy and play the game while it is still in development and enjoy updates as they are released.

The developers had initially aimed for a full release in August 2014, but by that date the game remained in early access, with only the online multiplayer available and the game still not having fully implemented all the models to be included in the full general release. By early November 2014 all models to be included in the full release were available for use in online multiplayer, with the full 21 mission single player campaign released at the end of the same month.

Grind
Grind is an arena sports/combat board game published by Privateer Press in 2009 set the Warmachine universe in which each player tries to maneuver a giant spiked ball into their opponent's goal using warjacks. It was designed by Duncan Huffman, Doug Seacat, Jason Soles, Rob Stoddard, and Matt Wilson. Each player customizes each steamjack's weaponry, and then places all five steamjacks anywhere on their side of the board. Like ice hockey, the object is to hit the grinder ball into the opposition goal while bodychecking opposition figurines out of the way.

title: Warmachine


text:
User:JamesJWagner

I work at MCI in Colorado Springs, Colorado. I'm a big fan of using a Wiki. I use MoinMoin personally and at work. I also have an entry on the Portland_Pattern_Repository which is the first one.

Not sure about editing that much, but I was here and figured I'd add MCI to Colorado Springs, Colorado so figured I'd set up a login and home page.

title: User:JamesJWagner


text: User talk:24.16.226.59

title: User talk:24.16.226.59


text:
User talk:JamesJWagner

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~ ~ ~. Four tildes (~ ~ ) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --Whosyourjudas (talk) 01:40, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:JamesJWagner


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Cephalopods/list of squid articles to be created

 * Siboga Squid, Loligo pickfordi
 * Loligo vietnamensis
 * Patagonian Squid, Loligo (Undetermined) gahi
 * Bigeye Inshore Squid, Loligo (Undetermined) ocula
 * Roper Inshore Squid, Loligo (Undetermined) roperi
 * Sao Paulo Squid, Loligo (Undetermined) sanpaulensis
 * Surinam Squid, Loligo (Undetermined) surinamensis
 * Midsize Squid, Loligo (Alloteuthis) media
 * Loliolus (Loliolus) affinis
 * Loliolus (Loliolus) hardwickei
 * Beka Squid, Loliolus (Nipponololigo) beka
 * Japanese Squid, Loliolus (Nipponololigo) japonica
 * Kobi Squid, Loliolus (Nipponololigo) sumatrensis
 * Little Squid, Loliolus (Nipponololigo) uyii
 * Lolliguncula argus
 * Dart Squid or Shortarm Gonate Squid, Lolliguncula (Loliolopsis) diomedeae
 * Guinean Thumbstall Squid, Lolliguncula (Lolliguncula) mercatoris
 * Panama Brief Squid, Lolliguncula (Lolliguncula) panamensis
 * Pickfordiateuthis vossi
 * Southern Reef Squid or Calamari Squid, Sepioteuthis australis
 * Sepioteuthis loliginiformis
 * Uroteuthis (Photololigo) abulati
 * Uroteuthis (Photololigo) arabica
 * Uroteuthis (Photololigo) bengalensis
 * Mitre Squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis
 * Indian Squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvauceli
 * Swordtip Squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis
 * Luminous Bay Squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) noctiluca
 * Uroteuthis (Photololigo) reesi
 * Uroteuthis (Photololigo) robsoni
 * Siboga Squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) sibogae
 * Long Barrel Squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) singhalensis
 * Uroteuthis (Photololigo) vossi
 * Bathyteuthis bacidifera
 * Bathyteuthis berryi
 * Ornate Arm Squid, Brachioteuthis picta
 * Common Arm Squid, Brachioteuthis riisei
 * Chiroteuthis (Chiroteuthis) calyx
 * Chiroteuthis (Chiroteuthis) joubini
 * Chiroteuthis (Chiroteuthis) spoeli
 * Chiroteuthis (Chirothauma) atlanticus
 * Chiroteuthis (Chirothauma) imperator
 * Chiroteuthis (Chirothauma) mega
 * Chiroteuthis (Chirothauma) picteti picteti
 * Chiroteuthis (Chirothauma) picteti somaliensis
 * Planctoteuthis levimana
 * Planctoteuthis oligobessa
 * Chtenopteryx chuni
 * Chtenopteryx sepioloides

 * Leachia (Leachia) cyclura
 * Leachia (Leachia) ellipsoptera
 * Leachia (Leachia) lemur
 * Leachia (Pyrgopsis) atlantica
 * Leachia (Pyrgopsis) pacifica
 * Leachia (Pyrgopsis) rynchophorus
 * Liocranchia gardineri
 * Liocranchia valdiviae
 * Helicocranchia joubini
 * Helicocranchia papillata
 * Liguriella pardus
 * Liguriella podophthalma
 * Megalocranchia abyssicola
 * Megalocranchia maxima
 * Megalocranchia oceanica
 * Atlantic Cranch Squid, Teuthowenia megalops
 * Cycloteuthis akimushkini
 * Abralia (Abralia) armata
 * Abralia (Abralia) multihamata
 * Abralia (Abralia) renschi
 * Abralia (Abralia) spaercki
 * Abralia (Abralia) steindachneri
 * Eye-flash Squid or Verany's Enope Squid, Abralia (Asteroteuthis) veranyi
 * Abralia (Astrabralia) astrolineata
 * Abralia (Astrabralia) astrosticta
 * Abralia (Enigmoteuthis) dubia
 * Abralia (Enigmoteuthis) fasciolata
 * Abralia (Enigmoteuthis) marisarabica
 * Abralia (Heterabralia) andamanica
 * Abralia (Heterabralia) heminuchalis
 * Abralia (Heterabralia) robsoni
 * Abralia (Heterabralia) siedleckyi
 * Abralia (Heterabralia) trigonura
 * Abralia (Pygmabralia) grimpei
 * Abralia (Pygmabralia) redfieldi
 * Abralia (Pygmabralia) similis
 * Abraliopsis (Abraliopsis) hoylei
 * Abraliopsis (Abraliopsis) pacificus
 * Pfeffer's Enope Squid, Abraliopsis (Abraliopsis) pfefferi
 * Abraliopsis (Abraliopsis) tui
 * Abraliopsis (Boreabraliopsis) felis
 * Abraliopsis (Micrabralia) gilchristi
 * Abraliopsis (Micrabralia) lineata
 * Abraliopsis (Micrabralia) morisi
 * Abraliopsis (Pfefferiteuthis) affinis
 * Abraliopsis (Pfefferiteuthis) atlantica
 * Abraliopsis (Pfefferiteuthis) chuni
 * Abraliopsis (Pfefferiteuthis) falco
 * Enoploteuthis (Enoploteuthis) leptura leptura
 * Enoploteuthis (Enoploteuthis) leptura magnoceani
 * Enoploteuthis (Enoploteuthis) obliqua
 * Enoploteuthis (Enoploteuthis) octolineata
 * Enoploteuthis (Enoploteuthis) reticulata
 * Enoploteuthis (Paraenoploteuthis) anapsis
 * Enoploteuthis (Paraenoploteuthis) chunii
 * Enoploteuthis (Paraenoploteuthis) galaxias
 * Enoploteuthis (Paraenoploteuthis) higginsi
 * Enoploteuthis (Paraenoploteuthis) jonesi
 * Enoploteuthis (Paraenoploteuthis) semilineata
 * Boreopacific Armhook Squid, Gonatopsis (Boreoteuthis) borealis
 * Gonatopsis (Gonatopsis) japonica
 * Makko Armhook Squid, Gonatopsis (Gonatopsis) makko
 * Gonatopsis (Gonatopsis) octopedatus
 * Gonatopsis (Gonatopsis) okutanii
 * Gonatus (Eogonatus) tinro
 * Gonatus (Gonatus) antarcticus
 * Berry Armhook Squid, Gonatus (Gonatus) berryi
 * California Armhook Squid, Gonatus (Gonatus) californiensis
 * Gonatus (Gonatus) kamtschaticus
 * Madokai Armhook Squid, Gonatus (Gonatus) madokai
 * Oregon Armhook Squid, Gonatus (Gonatus) oregonensis
 * Fiery Armhook Squid, Gonatus (Gonatus) pyros
 * Atlantic Armhook Squid, Gonatus (Gonatus) steenstrupi
 * Brown Bear Armhook Squid, Gonatus ursabrunae
 * Histioteuthis machrohista
 * Histioteuthis atlantica
 * Histioteuthis altaninae
 * Histioteuthis arcturi
 * Histioteuthis celetaria celetaria
 * Histioteuthis celetaria pacifica
 * Histioteuthis corona corona
 * Histioteuthis corona berryi
 * Histioteuthis corona cerasina
 * Histioteuthis corona inermis
 * Histioteuthis miranda
 * Histioteuthis oceani
 * Octopoteuthis indica
 * Octopoteuthis longiptera
 * Octopoteuthis megaptera
 * Octopoteuthis nielseni
 * Octopoteuthis rugosa
 * Ruppell's Octopus Squid, Octopoteuthis sicula

 * Subfamily Illicinae
 * Northern Shortfin Squid, Illex illecebrosus
 * Sharptail Shortfin Squid, Illex oxygonius

 * Subfamily Ommastrephinae
 * Striped Squid or Luminous Flying Squid, Eucleoteuthis luminosa
 * Glass Squid or Glassy Flying Squid, Hyaloteuthis pelagica
 * Atlantic Bird Squid, Ornithoteuthis antillarum
 * Shiny Bird Squid, Ornithoteuthis volatilis
 * Purpleback Squid or Purpleback Flying Squid, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis
 * Orangeback Squid or Orangeback Flying Squid, Sthenoteuthis pteropus

 * Subfamily Todarodinae
 * Gould's Flying Squid, Nototodarus gouldi
 * Hawaiian Flying Squid, Nototodarus hawaiiensis
 * Angola Flying Squid, Todarodes angolensis
 * Antarctic Flying Squid, Todarodes filippovae
 * European Flying Squid, Todarodes sagittatus
 * Onykia indica
 * Onykia intermedia
 * Onykia platyptera
 * Onykia verrilli
 * Pholidoteuthis adami
 * Coffeebean Scaled Squid, Pholidoteuthis boschmai
 * Roundear Enope Squid, Pterygioteuthis giardi giardi
 * Pterygioteuthis giardi hoylei
 * Thysanoteuthis danae
 * Thysanoteuthis nuchalis
 * Archie the giant squid


text: User talk:203.168.166.71

title: User talk:203.168.166.71